LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
KIDgroves St How can urban renewal street increase kids' space and WSUD in the Bays?
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
SITE CONTEXT PORT JACKSON
PARRAMATTA RIVER SYDNEY HARBOUR
BALMAIN
THE BAYS PRECINECT
WHITE BAY
GLEBE ISLAND
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NARRATIVE Extreme Heavy Rain and Sea Level Rise under Global Warming With the trend of global warming, the global ecological environment has been damaged to varying degrees, and abnormal extreme climates have appeared. Floods in the inner west are usually caused by sudden extreme heavy rains in or near the area. Especially in cities, streets and sidewalks account for 80% of the city’s open space, and they are also the main places where rainwater runoff occurs ("Streets|National Association of Urban Traffic Officials", 2021). At the same time, it is inevitable that the coastline will move inward. In this year's COP16, Australia promised to reduce carbon emissions, which means that it will reduce industrial volume and increase ecologicalization.
Limited Kids' Space on Street According to the 2006 Census (2016) of the US Inner West Commission, there are approximately 2,400 children aged 0-11, accounting for 13% of the total population of the US Inner West. However, due to various factors on city streets, such as limited space, heavy traffic and insecurity, children rarely have the opportunity to play outdoors. The spatial diversity of urban streets and the diversity of children’s lives in the community have gradually decreased, and the vitality of urban streets has gradually disappeared.
Vision I set my sights on the working harbour area of the bays, aiming to build it into a resilient urban children’s ecolo ical space and ma e it more diversi ed, so as to reduce carbon emissions, cope with the e treme heavy rain and sea level rise in the bays and the limited space for children. This pro ect will e plore effective desi n strate ies for urban street, not only conducive to rainwater mana ement, copin with e treme weather, but also conducive to children's outdoor activities. It will focus on e plorin the functional and spatial aspects of I roves St. "Landscape architects should not be limited to a specific green space, but an innovative and
challenging multifunctional space." (Herrington, 2016)
Inner est Council. (2016). Inner est Council Area Service a e roups. etrieved 20 uly 2021, from https pro le.id.com.au inner west service a e roups Inner est Council. (2021). loodin in the Inner est. etrieved 20 uly 2021, from https www.innerwest.nsw. ov.au live environment and sustainability in your nei hbourhood rivers and waterways oodin errin ton, S (2016). andscape Theory in esi n, Taylor and rancis. UNS ibrary Online atabase. etrieved from https primoa.library.unsw.edu.au primo e plore fulldisplay vid UNS S docid TN cdi informaworld taylorfrancisboo s 1 0 1 conte t PC uery any,contains, andscape 20Theory 20in 20 esi n a 2.2 11016 6. 22 1.1 61 0 1 6 .1 1 Streets | National Association of City Transportation Officials. (2021). etrieved 2 April 2021, from https nacto.or publication urban street desi n uide streets
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What happens if both landscape and development are both leading in the foreshore of the Bays? LANDSCAPE
Mitigate and Respond to Global Warming
DEVELOPMENT
Attract Children and Increase Street Space
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
HISTORY TIMELINE 1830s - 1915 Joint ventures to supply meat to Sydney, mainly in meat canning and export trade.
1995 - 2021
1920 - 1990s Glebe island silos constructed and used for handing grains.
The 805-meter-long Anzac Bridge was opened in 1995.
1970 - 1990s Founctioning as a container terminal
2021 The Bays Precinect is an urban renewal project in Sydney. It will involve the redevelopment of 95 hectares of land adjacent to Sydney Harbour. 5
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Hydrology
12m-20m Deep Sea White Bay Highest Tide - Past 1995
Glebe Island
Highest Tide - Current 2021
Rozelle Bay
1:5000@ A3
Low Level
N Highest Tide - Future 2100 Source from Costalrisk.com.au
High Level
ater lows from the i h level ( almain and o elle) to the relatively at level ( hite bay, - The Bays is the one of deepest port in Sydney.
o elle bay and
lebe island). 6
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Circulation and Streets Public Transportation
Vehicle
White Bay
Glebe Island
Rozelle Bay
Pedestrain/ Bike
White Bay
Glebe Island
White Bay
Glebe Island
Rozelle Bay
Rozelle Bay
Metro (Under construction)
A4 Highway
Pedestrain Acess
Bus Route
Roads for Vehicles
Existing Bike Path
The Bays Metro Station
Existing Road in Site
Narrow Street without bike lane and pedestrain path. Car lane and Bike lanes merges into one.
Lack of Green Infrastructure
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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Flat Open Space
White Bay
The terrain of the industrial brown eld is basically at, and the most si ni cant spatial element is the lar e industrial architectural herita e.
White Bay Crusie Terminal
Rozelle Bay
Rozelle Bay
Glebe Island
White Bay Power Station with Sandstone Edges
Barangaroo Reserve - Edge
Barangaroo Reserve - Past
Barangaroo Reserve - Present
Picture from https://www.landscapeperformance.org/case-study-briefs/barangaroo-reserve
Picture from https://corkeryconsulting.com/corkery-blog/2017/5/3tq6fa8ct8fy64higgc9jtxa25tqcld
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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Mangroves Communities
White Bay
Glebe Island
Rozelle Bay
1:5000@ A3
Mangroves Communities and Tidal Wetland in the past.
High Environmental Land Birrung Park
High Environmental Land
N
The slow-growing mangroves have started to regenerate naturally, with many young trees present.
Biomap Regional Corridors
Photo from https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-mangroves-at-bicentennial-park-annandale-next-to-rozelle-bay-140679511.
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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Demography
The Degree of Active
The Degree of Use of the Site
Residents
Family
Children
35.6%
20.2%
Sportspeople
Workers
Visitors
According to the Inner West Council's 2006 population Survey (2016), there are approximately 2,400 children aged 0-11, accounting for 13% of the total population of the Inner West.
Pictures from https://www.belleproperty.com/listings/487320/142a-darling-street-balmain-east-nsw-2041/
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
DESIGN CHALLENGE
Street Flooding
Sea Level Rise
Lack of Children's Space
The relatively flat concrete floor is not conducive to rainwater drainage and in ltration. The site will ood in the event of heavy rain.
Due to extreme weather caused by global warming, the site will be invaded by sea level rise.
The site lacks functional diversity and group diversity. According to CPTED, such streets are not conducive to the safety of children.
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DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Introduce the concept of green streets and WSUD
Establish an ecological intertidal zone of mangroves along the edge
Convert the gray infrastructure of the streets into green infrastructure.
Responding to future sea level rise caused by tidal changes and extreme weather.
Maximize the use of terrain and street space to increase children's space Make children have a unique experience in the venue.
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PROJECT TIMELINE STAGE 1 - Soil Restoration
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
STAGE 2 - Artificial Cultovitation+ Natural Succession
When the metro is built by 80% in the Bays.
When the toxic substances in the soil are reduced by 50%, the population recovers by 30%.
STAGE 3 - Birdwatching Landscape
STAGE 4 - Street Parks with WSUD
When the ecological intertidal zone formed by 70%.
When visitors increase by 50%, children increase by 20%.
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION
When the metro is built by 80% in the Bays.
Walk Path 5
Main Street
4
3
Trees
2
Lawn
Process Drawings 1
The Plan of Stage One
1:4500@ A3
1
Lawn with raingardens
4
Walk Path
2
Saline-tolerant plants along the edge
5
Trees
3
Main Street
0
225m
N
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION
When the metro is built by 80% in the Bays. Project Begins
Flood
istin site with ood issue and contaminated soil without ve etations.
Contamination Reduced by 20%
Over ow
1:1000@ A3
Detailed Plan - Stage One
0
5m
N
Restore soil and plant vegetations with raingardens.
Contamination Reduced by 50% estore soil
ater in ltrate into soil
Purify rainwater
Over ow
Absorb In tration Bays metro station
Main street
Lawn with WSUD
N 1:500@ A3
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STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION
e etation will solve the pollution problems left over from history Industrial rown eld
WSUD - Raingarden
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STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION Lomandra longifolia
Eucalyptus pilularis Melaleuca quinquenervia
Blackbutt
Spiny-head Mat-rush
Board-leaved Paperbark
Carex appressa Tall Sedge
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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION
When the toxic substances in the soil are reduced by 50%, the population recovers by 30%. Process Drawings
3 2
1
The Plan of Stage Two
1
Sloping lawn
2
Sandstone Edges
3
Mangroves Communities
1:4500@ A3
0
225m
N
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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION
When the toxic substances in the soil are reduced by 50%, the population recovers by 30%.
Contamination Reduced by 50%
Vertical edge
Repair the soil and purify water before planting mangrove seedlings. Mangrove Seedlings Stage Sloping lawn - 1:12 Cut down the edge Original vertical edge
Detailed Plan - Stage Two
1:1000@ A3
0
5m
N Cut down the ed e to ma e sure the roots of man rove seedlin s can row into the mud ats. Ecological Intertidal Zone by 50%
The roots of mangroves
Walk Path Sloping Lawn 5m
Sandstone d e with
5m
ud ats
14m
Attract birds Pneumatophores Pneumatophores act like snorkels, allowing the mangrove tree roots to breathe oxygen from the air when the tide comes in.
Mangrove seedlings germinate before leaving the mother plant, which allows rapid root growth.
oots row into the mud ats
Mangrove seedlings grow up and be a stable ecological intertidal zone.
N 1:250@ A3
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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION The stepped sandstone allow people to reach the water's edge, creating a dynamic visual experience.
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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION Striated Heron
Avicennia marina Grey Mangrove
Juncus kraussii Sea Rush
Live in the mangrove forest in the Bays. At low tide, it stalks through the mude extending its neck to look for food.
Latham's Snipe Latham's Snipe birds in winter they migrate to Japan and return to Australia in time for summer.
Make full use of the ecological potential of coastal areas to attract life and birds. 21
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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION Sandstone Bench
Sandstone Walk Path
Sandstone Edges From Barangaroo Reserve
From Barangaroo Reserve
Mine and Collect the Local Sandstone at site
Construction of Sandstone Edges
From Barangaroo Reserve
From The Bays
Make full reuse of the site potential of local materials to renew the sandstone edge. 22
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE
When the ecological intertidal zone formed by 70%. Process Drawings
3
2
1
The Plan of Stage Three
1
7 Entrance Points
2
Inside Birdwatching Boardwalk - higher level
3
Outside Birdwatching Boardwalk - Lower level
1:4500@ A3
0
Tide Wave of White Bay
225m
N
Shape of Birdwatching Trail 23
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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE
The Testing Model of Mangroves and Trails
The design of the trails is not restricted to the form, all forms can be tried. It is better to be able to change with the level change according to the tide.
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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE Detailed Plan - Stage Three
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
When the ecological intertidal zone formed by 70%. 70% of the Intertidal Zone Formed Migratory birds - Latham's Snipe
Local birds - Striated Heron
B
1m rise High tide Low tide
a
b
1:1000@ A3
A
0
5m
N
Walk Path
Entrance of Trail
5m
9m
Higher level Trail 4m
Lower level Trail 4m
When it is at high tide, kids could walk at higher level trails, providing a closer distance with birds. When it is at low tide, kids could walk at lower level trails, providing a closer distance with water. N Section A-a
1:250@ A3
90% of the Intertidal Zone Formed High level boardwalk
Post
Low level boardwalk
Sandstone bench
N Elevation B-b
1:500@ A3
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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE - AT LOW TIDE
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE - AT HIGH TIDE
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD
When visitors increase by 50%, children increase by 20%.
"Landscape architects should not be limited to a specific green space, but an innovative and challenging multifunctional space." (Herrington, 2016)
1
Playground
2
3
Sports Field 2
3
1
Street Pocket Park 4
The Plan of Stage Four
1:4500@ A3
0
225m
After a lon period of ecolo ical restoration and water puri cation, the site provides the opportunity for a future children's space, allowin children to play safely on the foreshore. The street par s provide open Spaces with different scales for the children.
N
Terraced Lawn
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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD PLAYGROUND Zip Line Climbing Mounds
Sands
Sands
Wood Chip
Wood Chip
Sands
Raingarden
Detailed Plan - Playground N 1:1000@ A3
Section - Playground N
Wood Chip 1:400@ A3
2.5m
5m
Metro Pedestrian Bike
6m
Car lane
5m
2.5m
Bike
Pedestrain
15m
Lawn with shrubs
5m
Sands
4m
3.5m
3m
3.5m
Wood chip Raingarden Wood chip Sands
25m
5m
Lawn with shrubs
Walk path 29
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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD PLAYGROUND
RAINGARDEN SANDS
WOOD CHIP
SHRUBS
SHRUBS
LAWN
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STAGE 4 - MODEL OF PLAYGROUND
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
Walk Path Sands and Wood Chip Raingarden
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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD SPORTS FIELD
Sandstone Seat Barangaroo Reserve
Sandstone Seat Planting Pond
Planting Pond
Planting Pond
Detailed Plan - Sports Field N 1:1000@ A3
Section - Sports Field
Wood Chip
N 1:400@ A3
2.5m
5m
Pedestrian Bike
6m
5m
Car Lane
Bike
2.5m
10m
Pedestrian Lawn with Planting Ponds
20m
8m
15m
Basketball Court
Lawn with Planting Ponds
Mound with seats
6m
Basketball Court 32 Lawn with Planting Ponds
LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD SPORTS FIELD MOUNDS
LAWN SHRUBS
PLANTING PONDS
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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD STREET POCKET PARK Section - Street Pocket Park N 1:200@ A3
Eucalyptus piperita
Corymbia maculata
Sydney Peppermint
Spotted Gum
Phragmites australis
Detailed Plan - Street Pocket Park
Common Reed
Carex fascicularis Tassel Sedge
Ficus rubiginosa Rusty Fig
Juncus usitatus Common Rush
Sir Walter Buffalo Sir Walter
N 1:1000@ A3
5m
Residential Building
Planting Pond
Lawn
Raingarden with Boardwalk
Lawn with Picnic Equipment
Planting Pond
Walk Path
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD STREET POCKET PARK
RAINGARDEN Eucalyptus piperita Sydney Peppermint
Corymbia maculata Spotted Gum
Ficus rubiginosa Rusty Fig
Carex fascicularis Tassel Sedge
Phragmites australis Common Reed
Juncus usitatus Common Rush
Sir Walter Buffalo Sir Walter
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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD TERRACED LAWN
CAMPING
SOCIAL INTERACTION
KITE FLYING ENJOY THE BAYS
SUNBATHE READING
RUNNING
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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St
TIMELINE IN FUTURE Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Present
Soil Restoration
Natural Succession of Mangroves
Birdwatching Landscape
Street Parks with WSUD
Canopy Trees
Stage 1
Increase
Circulation
2021
Increase
200%
Lawn
60%
Increase
Children Space
300%
Increase
270%
Refer to Elevated Ground A 300 Year Vision for a 220-Year-Old Square
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