KIDgroves St

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

KIDgroves St How can urban renewal street increase kids' space and WSUD in the Bays?

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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

SITE CONTEXT PORT JACKSON

PARRAMATTA RIVER SYDNEY HARBOUR

BALMAIN

THE BAYS PRECINECT

WHITE BAY

GLEBE ISLAND

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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

NARRATIVE Extreme Heavy Rain and Sea Level Rise under Global Warming With the trend of global warming, the global ecological environment has been damaged to varying degrees, and abnormal extreme climates have appeared. Floods in the inner west are usually caused by sudden extreme heavy rains in or near the area. Especially in cities, streets and sidewalks account for 80% of the city’s open space, and they are also the main places where rainwater runoff occurs ("Streets|National Association of Urban Traffic Officials", 2021). At the same time, it is inevitable that the coastline will move inward. In this year's COP16, Australia promised to reduce carbon emissions, which means that it will reduce industrial volume and increase ecologicalization.

Limited Kids' Space on Street According to the 2006 Census (2016) of the US Inner West Commission, there are approximately 2,400 children aged 0-11, accounting for 13% of the total population of the US Inner West. However, due to various factors on city streets, such as limited space, heavy traffic and insecurity, children rarely have the opportunity to play outdoors. The spatial diversity of urban streets and the diversity of children’s lives in the community have gradually decreased, and the vitality of urban streets has gradually disappeared.

Vision I set my sights on the working harbour area of the bays, aiming to build it into a resilient urban children’s ecolo ical space and ma e it more diversi ed, so as to reduce carbon emissions, cope with the e treme heavy rain and sea level rise in the bays and the limited space for children.

This pro ect will e plore effective desi n strate ies for urban street, not only conducive to rainwater mana ement, copin with e treme weather, but also conducive to children's outdoor activities. It will focus on e plorin the functional and spatial aspects of I roves St. "Landscape architects should not be limited to a specific green space, but an innovative and

challenging multifunctional space." (Herrington, 2016)

Inner est Council. (2016). Inner est Council Area Service a e roups. etrieved 20 uly 2021, from https pro le.id.com.au inner west service a e roups Inner est Council. (2021). loodin in the Inner est. etrieved 20 uly 2021, from https www.innerwest.nsw. ov.au live environment and sustainability in your nei hbourhood rivers and waterways oodin errin ton, S (2016). andscape Theory in esi n, Taylor and rancis. UNS ibrary Online atabase. etrieved from https primoa.library.unsw.edu.au primo e plore fulldisplay vid UNS S docid TN cdi informaworld taylorfrancisboo s 1 0 1 conte t PC uery any,contains, andscape 20Theory 20in 20 esi n a 2.2 11016 6. 22 1.1 61 0 1 6 .1 1 Streets | National Association of City Transportation Officials. (2021). etrieved 2 April 2021, from https nacto.or publication urban street desi n uide streets

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What happens if both landscape and development are both leading in the foreshore of the Bays?

LANDSCAPE

Mitigate and Respond to Global Warming

DEVELOPMENT

Attract Children and Increase Street Space

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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

HISTORY TIMELINE 1830s - 1915 Joint ventures to supply meat to Sydney, mainly in meat canning and export trade.

1995 - 2021

1920 - 1990s Glebe island silos constructed and used for handing grains.

The 805-meter-long Anzac Bridge was opened in 1995.

1970 - 1990s Founctioning as a container terminal

2021 The Bays Precinect is an urban renewal project in Sydney. It will involve the redevelopment of 95 hectares of land adjacent to Sydney Harbour.

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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Hydrology

12m-20m Deep Sea White Bay Highest Tide - Past 1995

Glebe Island

Highest Tide - Current 2021

Rozelle Bay

1:5000@ A3

Low Level

N Highest Tide - Future 2100 Source from Costalrisk.com.au

High Level

ater lows from the i h level ( almain and o elle) to the relatively at level ( hite bay, - The Bays is the one of deepest port in Sydney.

o elle bay and

lebe island).

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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Circulation and Streets Public Transportation

Vehicle

White Bay

Glebe Island

Rozelle Bay

Pedestrain/ Bike

White Bay

Glebe Island

White Bay

Glebe Island

Rozelle Bay

Rozelle Bay

Metro (Under construction)

A4 Highway

Pedestrain Acess

Bus Route

Roads for Vehicles

Existing Bike Path

The Bays Metro Station

Existing Road in Site

Narrow Street without bike lane and pedestrain path.

Car lane and Bike lanes merges into one.

Lack of Green Infrastructure

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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Flat Open Space

White Bay

The terrain of the industrial brown eld is basically at, and the most si ni cant spatial element is the lar e industrial architectural herita e.

White Bay Crusie Terminal

Rozelle Bay

Rozelle Bay

Glebe Island

White Bay Power Station with Sandstone Edges

Barangaroo Reserve - Edge

Barangaroo Reserve - Past

Barangaroo Reserve - Present

Picture from https://www.landscapeperformance.org/case-study-briefs/barangaroo-reserve

Picture from https://corkeryconsulting.com/corkery-blog/2017/5/3tq6fa8ct8fy64higgc9jtxa25tqcld

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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Mangroves Communities

White Bay

Glebe Island

Rozelle Bay

1:5000@ A3

Mangroves Communities and Tidal Wetland in the past.

High Environmental Land Birrung Park

High Environmental Land

N

The slow-growing mangroves have started to regenerate naturally, with many young trees present.

Biomap Regional Corridors

Photo from https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-mangroves-at-bicentennial-park-annandale-next-to-rozelle-bay-140679511.

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FOUNDAMENTAL ASSET - Demography

The Degree of Active

The Degree of Use of the Site

Residents

Family

Children

35.6%

20.2%

Sportspeople

Workers

Visitors

According to the Inner West Council's 2006 population Survey (2016), there are approximately 2,400 children aged 0-11, accounting for 13% of the total population of the Inner West.

Pictures from https://www.belleproperty.com/listings/487320/142a-darling-street-balmain-east-nsw-2041/

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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

DESIGN CHALLENGE

Street Flooding

Sea Level Rise

Lack of Children's Space

The relatively flat concrete floor is not conducive to rainwater drainage and in ltration. The site will ood in the event of heavy rain.

Due to extreme weather caused by global warming, the site will be invaded by sea level rise.

The site lacks functional diversity and group diversity. According to CPTED, such streets are not conducive to the safety of children.

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DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Introduce the concept of green streets and WSUD

Establish an ecological intertidal zone of mangroves along the edge

Convert the gray infrastructure of the streets into green infrastructure.

Responding to future sea level rise caused by tidal changes and extreme weather.

Maximize the use of terrain and street space to increase children's space Make children have a unique experience in the venue.

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PROJECT TIMELINE STAGE 1 - Soil Restoration

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

STAGE 2 - Artificial Cultovitation+ Natural Succession

When the metro is built by 80% in the Bays.

When the toxic substances in the soil are reduced by 50%, the population recovers by 30%.

STAGE 3 - Birdwatching Landscape

STAGE 4 - Street Parks with WSUD

When the ecological intertidal zone formed by 70%.

When visitors increase by 50%, children increase by 20%.

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STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION

When the metro is built by 80% in the Bays.

Walk Path 5

Main Street

4

3

Trees

2

Lawn

Process Drawings 1

The Plan of Stage One

1:4500@ A3

1

Lawn with raingardens

4

Walk Path

2

Saline-tolerant plants along the edge

5

Trees

3

Main Street

0

225m

N

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STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION

When the metro is built by 80% in the Bays.

Project Begins

Flood

istin site with ood issue and contaminated soil without ve etations.

Contamination Reduced by 20%

Over ow

1:1000@ A3

Detailed Plan - Stage One

0

5m

N

Restore soil and plant vegetations with raingardens.

Contamination Reduced by 50% estore soil

ater in ltrate into soil

Purify rainwater

Over ow

Absorb In tration Bays metro station

Main street

Lawn with WSUD

N 1:500@ A3

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STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION

e etation will solve the pollution problems left over from history Industrial rown eld

WSUD - Raingarden

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STAGE 1 - SOIL RESTORATION Lomandra longifolia

Eucalyptus pilularis Melaleuca quinquenervia

Blackbutt

Spiny-head Mat-rush

Board-leaved Paperbark

Carex appressa Tall Sedge

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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION

When the toxic substances in the soil are reduced by 50%, the population recovers by 30%.

Process Drawings

3 2

1

The Plan of Stage Two

1

Sloping lawn

2

Sandstone Edges

3

Mangroves Communities

1:4500@ A3

0

225m

N

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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION

When the toxic substances in the soil are reduced by 50%, the population recovers by 30%.

Contamination Reduced by 50%

Vertical edge

Repair the soil and purify water before planting mangrove seedlings.

Mangrove Seedlings Stage Sloping lawn - 1:12 Cut down the edge Original vertical edge

Detailed Plan - Stage Two

1:1000@ A3

0

5m

N Cut down the ed e to ma e sure the roots of man rove seedlin s can row into the mud ats.

Ecological Intertidal Zone by 50%

The roots of mangroves

Walk Path Sloping Lawn 5m

Sandstone d e with

5m

ud ats

14m

Attract birds Pneumatophores Pneumatophores act like snorkels, allowing the mangrove tree roots to breathe oxygen from the air when the tide comes in.

Mangrove seedlings germinate before leaving the mother plant, which allows rapid root growth.

oots row into the mud ats

Mangrove seedlings grow up and be a stable ecological intertidal zone.

N 1:250@ A3

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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION The stepped sandstone allow people to reach the water's edge, creating a dynamic visual experience.

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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION Striated Heron

Avicennia marina Grey Mangrove

Juncus kraussii Sea Rush

Live in the mangrove forest in the Bays.

At low tide, it stalks through the mude extending its neck to look for food.

Latham's Snipe Latham's Snipe birds in winter they migrate to Japan and return to Australia in time for summer.

Make full use of the ecological potential of coastal areas to attract life and birds.

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STAGE 2 - ARTIFICIAL CULTIVITATION + NATURAL SUCCESSION Sandstone Bench

Sandstone Walk Path

Sandstone Edges From Barangaroo Reserve

From Barangaroo Reserve

Mine and Collect the Local Sandstone at site

Construction of Sandstone Edges

From Barangaroo Reserve

From The Bays

Make full reuse of the site potential of local materials to renew the sandstone edge.

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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE

When the ecological intertidal zone formed by 70%.

Process Drawings

3

2

1

The Plan of Stage Three

1

7 Entrance Points

2

Inside Birdwatching Boardwalk - higher level

3

Outside Birdwatching Boardwalk - Lower level

1:4500@ A3

0

Tide Wave of White Bay

225m

N

Shape of Birdwatching Trail 23

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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE

The Testing Model of Mangroves and Trails

The design of the trails is not restricted to the form, all forms can be tried. It is better to be able to change with the level change according to the tide.

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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE Detailed Plan - Stage Three

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

When the ecological intertidal zone formed by 70%.

70% of the Intertidal Zone Formed Migratory birds - Latham's Snipe

Local birds - Striated Heron

B

1m rise High tide Low tide

a

b

1:1000@ A3

A

0

5m

N

Walk Path

Entrance of Trail

5m

9m

Higher level Trail 4m

Lower level Trail 4m

When it is at high tide, kids could walk at higher level trails, providing a closer distance with birds.

When it is at low tide, kids could walk at lower level trails, providing a closer distance with water.

N Section A-a

1:250@ A3

90% of the Intertidal Zone Formed High level boardwalk

Post

Low level boardwalk

Sandstone bench

N Elevation B-b

1:500@ A3

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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE - AT LOW TIDE

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

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STAGE 3 - BIRDWATCHING LANDSCAPE - AT HIGH TIDE

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD

When visitors increase by 50%, children increase by 20%.

"Landscape architects should not be limited to a specific green space, but an innovative and challenging multifunctional space." (Herrington, 2016)

1

Playground

2

3

Sports Field 2

3

1

Street Pocket Park 4

The Plan of Stage Four

1:4500@ A3

0

225m

After a lon period of ecolo ical restoration and water puri cation, the site provides the opportunity for a future children's space, allowin children to play safely on the foreshore. The street par s provide open Spaces with different scales for the children.

N

Terraced Lawn

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD PLAYGROUND Zip Line Climbing Mounds

Sands

Sands

Wood Chip

Wood Chip

Sands

Raingarden

Detailed Plan - Playground N 1:1000@ A3

Section - Playground N

Wood Chip 1:400@ A3

2.5m

5m

Metro Pedestrian Bike

6m

Car lane

5m

2.5m

Bike

Pedestrain

15m

Lawn with shrubs

5m

Sands

4m

3.5m

3m

3.5m

Wood chip Raingarden Wood chip Sands

25m

5m

Lawn with shrubs

Walk path 29

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD PLAYGROUND

RAINGARDEN SANDS

WOOD CHIP

SHRUBS

SHRUBS

LAWN

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STAGE 4 - MODEL OF PLAYGROUND

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

Walk Path Sands and Wood Chip Raingarden

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD SPORTS FIELD

Sandstone Seat Barangaroo Reserve

Sandstone Seat Planting Pond

Planting Pond

Planting Pond

Detailed Plan - Sports Field N 1:1000@ A3

Section - Sports Field

Wood Chip

N 1:400@ A3

2.5m

5m

Pedestrian Bike

6m

5m

Car Lane

Bike

2.5m

10m

Pedestrian Lawn with Planting Ponds

20m

8m

15m

Basketball Court

Lawn with Planting Ponds

Mound with seats

6m

Basketball Court 32 Lawn with Planting Ponds

LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD SPORTS FIELD MOUNDS

LAWN SHRUBS

PLANTING PONDS

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD STREET POCKET PARK Section - Street Pocket Park N 1:200@ A3

Eucalyptus piperita

Corymbia maculata

Sydney Peppermint

Spotted Gum

Phragmites australis

Detailed Plan - Street Pocket Park

Common Reed

Carex fascicularis Tassel Sedge

Ficus rubiginosa Rusty Fig

Juncus usitatus Common Rush

Sir Walter Buffalo Sir Walter

N 1:1000@ A3

5m

Residential Building

Planting Pond

Lawn

Raingarden with Boardwalk

Lawn with Picnic Equipment

Planting Pond

Walk Path

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD STREET POCKET PARK

RAINGARDEN Eucalyptus piperita Sydney Peppermint

Corymbia maculata Spotted Gum

Ficus rubiginosa Rusty Fig

Carex fascicularis Tassel Sedge

Phragmites australis Common Reed

Juncus usitatus Common Rush

Sir Walter Buffalo Sir Walter

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STAGE 4 - STREET PARKS WITH WSUD TERRACED LAWN

CAMPING

SOCIAL INTERACTION

KITE FLYING ENJOY THE BAYS

SUNBATHE READING

RUNNING

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LAND2413_P3_Yao Yao_KIDgroves St

TIMELINE IN FUTURE Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Present

Soil Restoration

Natural Succession of Mangroves

Birdwatching Landscape

Street Parks with WSUD

Canopy Trees

Stage 1

Increase

Circulation

2021

Increase

200%

Lawn

60%

Increase

Children Space

300%

Increase

270%

Refer to Elevated Ground A 300 Year Vision for a 220-Year-Old Square

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