How can the concept of “parallax” increase mindfulness of the place and the present.

LAND2413 Graduation Studio Project 3 Introduction / REgenerate Yue Wang z5210726

Topic: How can the concept of “parallax” increase mindfulness of the place and the present.

THE BAYS PRECINCT

SYDNEY

The Bays Precinct

INNER WEST COUNCIL The Bays Precinct

White Bay Power Station and Glebe Silos

CONTEXT MAP

DIFFERENT ASEPCT OF SITE

Anzac Bridge view

Victoria St view

Bicentennial Park view

Robert St view

Pyrmont point view

Mullens St view

HISTORY OF SITE-PRE 1788

Vegetation

Human Activity

The Aboriginal Eora country lived near the area that would become Bays Prectct Rozelle Bay was originally Johnsons Creek and as a mangrove foreshore before being reclaimed

HISTORY OF SITE-1890 Site reclamation. At the expense of ecology and natural landscape, it brought great industrial development.

The region's history of heavy industry has given it magnificent architecture and infrastructure.

Human Activity

Industrial Activity

Vegetation

The industrial era brought economic benefits to the region, bringing in many workers

HISTORY OF SITE- PRESENT As land use patterns and community expectations evolve, an adaptive way to revitalise an iconic part of Sydney's industrial past needs to be found.

Human Activity Industrial Activity

Vegetation

Industrial area was abandoned, making it difficult to enter

FUTURE OF SITE- 2030 A station on the Western Line of the Sydney Metro open. Bring easier access and more visitors

Vegetation Human Activity

Revival of industrial heritage

FUTURE OF SITE- 2056 It will revitalize the cultural history of the site, bring in businesses and homes, and bring in people. To restore nature and habitats destroyed by industry. It will be revitalized as a new city center.

Vegetation and habitat

Human Activity

Revival of industrial heritage

The improvement of residential and commercial areas bringing people activities Ecological habitats are restored and connected, and public green Spaces are increased

Parallax

is a way to explore three-dimensional space. The thinking about space brought about by parallax arouses people's contemplation, immersing people in the site and blending into the surrounding environment.1(APA Dictionary of Psychology 2014)

The concept of parallax helps people • Through the Tactile interaction and curiosity brought about by movement3 (Knez I, Eliasson I and Gustavsson E, 2020)

• Focus their perspective on the current site, • Concentrate their minds and return to the present • Avoid overthinking the past and the future, and • Reduce anxiety and worries.3

The relationship between people, buildings and the surrounding environment is largely misunderstood and ignored by pedestrians. Through the:

specific landscape framework, the layering of perspectives and the application of specific materials, the concept of parallax encourages pedestrians to move in the architectural space, allowing people to:

Through the concept of parallax, it becomes • The link between the relationship between people and the site, • Maintaining and enhancing the sense of identity.3

understand the dialectical relationship between users, culture and environment of the existing site.2(Roy.M, 2016)

Reference: 1. dictionary.apa.org. (n.d.). APA Dictionary of Psychology. Accesssed 25 Jul 2021 https://dictionary.apa.org/parallax 2.Roy.M, 2016, Architectural Parallax: Spatiality and Culture Within Movement Accessed 24 Jul. 2021 https://issuu.com/roym4/docs/5_roy-weinert.thesis17 3. Knez I, Eliasson I and Gustavsson E (2020), Relationships Between Identity, Well-Being, and Willingness to Sacrifice in Personal and Collective Favorite Places Accessed 18 Sep. 2021 Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00151/full

Decision The relationship between the experience difference of the site and the decision made within the path (Roy.M, 2016)1

Concealment Hidden design nodes can stimulate the curiosity of users and encourage people to move while exploring the space.1

Discover The moment of discovery is important for understanding space. It is connected with the concept of concealment and both cultivate the curiosity of users.1

Haptical feedback Haptic feedback provides touch to communicate with users, allowing them to understand the rhythm of movement in the space1

Reference: 1. .Roy.M, 2016, Architectural Parallax: Spatiality and Culture Within Movement Accessed 24 Jul. 2021 https://issuu.com/roym4/docs/5_roy-weinert.thesis17

Remove Cu, Zn

Eleocharis acicularis

Remove Weathered DDT

Remove As, Cu

Pteris vittata

Medicago sativa

Stage 1: Soil Remediation

Stage 2: Vegetation Habitat restoration

Stage 3: Protect Revitalize Heritage

Stage 1: Soil Remediation 2022-2025 - Due to reclamation of the site and its industrial history, this place is contaminated by heavy metals, hydrocarbons, pesticides, PCBs, asbestos, etc.

- This has destroyed the local natural environment and damaged animal habitats. At the same time, toxic soil can cause great harm to the human body.

- Soil remediation should be carried out before all construction starts. Through plant filtration, the soil is extracted and purified to restore the soil and protect the health of residents.

Stage 4: Community Development

Phytovolatilization

Remove concrete surface

Remove PCBs

Remove Cd, Zn

STAGE 1 SOIL REMEDIATION

Deschampsia cespitosa

Lathyrus sylvestris

Phytodegradition

Phytoxetraction phytostabilization Rhizofiltration

Contaminated soil Planting for soil remediation

Remediated soil

STAGE 2 VEGETATION HABITAT RESTORATION Stage 1: Soil Remediation Birds Habitat

Stage 2: Vegetation Habitat restoration

Vegetation Growth

Urban Heat Island effect

Stage 3: Protect Revitalize Heritage

Runoff improvement Stage 4: Community Development

Greater cooling from evaporation and plant transpiration

Surface absorbs less heat

Stage 2: Vegetation Habitat Restoration 2025-sustaining The cut-off of vegetation and habitat makes the site lack of resilience. There is almost no biodiversity. It is important to restore the vitality of the site.

- Establish a green space in the site and combine the new public realm with green - Integrate local species to provide superior urban canopy coverage - Protect and establish habitat corridors and protected areas to protect mobile species such as migratory birds - Urbanization needs to develop without destroying the environment and to ensure the sustainable coexistence between the nature and the built environment.

Greater vegetation cover improves rainwater and runoff

Stage 1: Soil Remediation

Stage 2: Vegetation Habitat Stage 3: Protect Revitalize Heritage restoration

Industrial period: The Power Station and silo wharf providing steady employment and economic benefits to the community

Present 2021: Fenced White Bay Power Stations and silos, inaccessible, with no long-term plans for use.

Stage 4: Community Development

Future 2027-2030: Gradually improved access and roads, more and more people into the site. Two historic landmarks are beginning to come alive

Future 2031-2036: Public green space is open to all, plants and ecology bring more vitality to the site. This place will become a bustling center

The Power Station Green - Out-door perdormance place for public sitting

- picnic - walking through the green space

Silo: The Culture District - Art related workshop and studios - Art related business

Future 2025-2027: Remove the fence and open the entrance. An opportunity to connect two separate landmarks to form a cultural and historical promenade.

STAGE 3 PROTECT REVITALIZE HERITAGE

Community center - Communal Co-walking space, sitting place - Cultural and art exhibitions

The Power Station Green - Out-door perdormance place for semi-public space, relaxating and gathering

Silo front green - Leisure and therapeutic place for labour

Mixed Apartment

Groundfloor Storefront Residential community above retail The integration of commercial and residential buildings increases economic benefits while bringing in community population

Office for Local Small Business

stage4

Roof Garden

Middle Shared Plaza Commercial Above Retail

STAGE 4 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Stage 1: Soil Remediation

Stage 2: Vegetation Habitat Stage 3: Protect Revitalize Heritage restoration

Stage 4: Community Development

Stage 4: Community Development 2035-2050 The Bays Precinct aims to become a new and prosperous city center. In order to cope with the future growth of the population, to ensure that different projects (residential, commercial, retail and cultural products) are spread throughout the area.

-Establish social and community infrastructure elements, provide opportunities for continuous participation and community participation, and establish interaction and connection between people - Create an activation project and invite people to come back here

Businesses moving into the site will bring more jobs and restore jobs that industry once brought to the community. Provide employment for people in the community and encourage more people to join.

Indicative 5yr Flood extend

HYDROLOGY & FLOODING

Indicative 100yr Average Recurrence Interval Flood Exten

HYDROLOGY & FLOODING

Potential solution sites for Run off and flooding

HYDROLOGY & FLOODING

Existing vegetation

VEGETATION

Proposed vegetation restoration area

VEGETATION

Proposed tree canopy cover

VEGETATION

1

2

3

Concrete and fence

Foreshore 4

Car Park entrance

5

Open space and plants

Closed entrance

6

Entrance to foreshore

Potential entry and visit nodes

3 1

5 4

8

7 2

Existing enclosed WBPS and Silos

9

6

Proposed connectable route

10

currently inaccessible site

11 12

M

Proposed Metro station in 2030

7

8

Foreshore

10

ENTRANCE & ACCESS

Closed entrance

Fence on foreshore

11

9

Concrete foreshore and track 12

Car Park and open space

Crossed Road

TOPOGRAPHY

VISION

The project aims to regenerate the life and vitality of the closed historical and cultural space in the site, and to think about the connection between people and the site, culture and environment, and a sense of identity. Make up for the environmental damage caused by industrial development, making this place a green and sustainable new urban center.

PRINCIPLE 1

PRINCIPLE 2

PRINCIPLE 3

Create a network of important heritage landmarks

Repair and connect the green space to form a sustainable ecological network

Integrate community and site to improve social identity

OBJECTIVE 1

OBJECTIVE 1

OBJECTIVE 1

Encourage the open public access interface, open White Bay Power Station and Silos.

Soil remediation to remove the impact of industrial pollution.

Use the history of the site as a background for social space design.

OBJECTIVE 2

OBJECTIVE 2

OBJECTIVE 2

Show its historical background through the physical landscape and form historical time connections.

Restore and connect broken habitats and green spaces, and create sustainable habitats for mobile animals such as birds.

Design an active interactive space and meet the needs of different people in the community.

OBJECTIVE 3

OBJECTIVE 3

OBJECTIVE 3

Create a public road that connects the heritage to connect the heritage and the site with the surrounding communities.

Increase plant coverage to reduce runoff and urban heat island effects.

Connect people and site culture through a wider range of site elements to enhance the sense of belonging.

PRINCIPLE AND OBJECTIVES

STAGE DESIGN Stage 1: Restoration - Restoration of remnant vegetation and broken habitats

N

- Improve green coverage and expand the natural environment - Create a sustainable urban form framework

Stage 2: Connection - Further connect and enhance the green network - Design streets to increase pedestrian and bicycle traffic

N

- Designed paths connect each street, entrance, green space and public space.

Stage 3: Development -Further development of vegetation cover and provision of infrastructure such as seating - Develop a mix of residential and commercial buildings to form a community - Support site and building utilization through daily activities N

STAGE 1 RESTORATION

8 2 3

16

14 15 9

7 1

13

10

6 5

4

12 11

N

1

At the entrance of Crescent St and Robert St

5

Restored former northwest yard landscape

9

2

Vegetation used for soil remediation

6

Resting green platform formed by height difference

10 Sandstone outcrops wall

14 Waterfront boulevard

3

Entrance of Mullens and the Welcome Garden, vegetation is used for soil restoration

7

White Bay Power Station

11 Stepped green tree pond, providing small

15 The green open space in front of the silo will

4

Green space and path in front of White Bay Power Station

8

Solve surface runoff problems with high coverage vegetation

12 Linear park and the main road connects the

16 Empty Glebe Island headland

Rain garden solves surface runoff and drainage and provides habitat

habitat

two landmarks

13 Sustainable development of waterfront green

space

be developed into a garden in the future

Grey Butcherbird

e

Th Allocasuarina spp.

Eucalyptus Themeda triandra

Dianella longifolia

Juncus usitatus

Deschampsia cespitosa

Lomandra longifolia

Plants

Insects

STAGE 1 HABITAT RESTORATION

Small animals

y Ke

To

Pr

ot

t ec

Cr

e

ur

t ea

FLOWERING TIME Eucalyptus Black she-oak Deschampsia cespitosa Juncus usitatus Dianella longifolia Themeda triandra Lomandra longifolia

STAGE 1 SECTION A

A

N London Plane tree

Robert Street

genus Saccharum

Lavandula angustifolia

10.6 m

12.7 m

Planting Bed at the entrance

Access entrance green public lawn face to the WBPS

Acacia alata

6.0 m Planting bed

Steps Foot path Planting Bed

Robert St

Section 1:100

Entry level

Green Lawn

White Bay Power Station

STAGE 1 SECTION B

The only area with any soft landscape elements is the northwest area of the 1948 Switch House and Control Room. Now it's a degraded industrial landscape. Fruit trees and shrubs used to grow here.

B

N

22.0 m Lawn Platform

Path connecting the northwest platform Platform for rest and communication

Path

Section 1:100

6.0 m

10.2 m

Steps

Green Lawn

STAGE 1 SECTION

C

Tree canopy

seat by the planting bed

Plants roots

C

N

15.0 m

7.8 m

16.9 m

Provides habitat for small animals Vegetation restoration

Lawn and stepped seating with path

Foot path connecting the entrance and Green open space

Tuckeroo

Provide shade

Layered Planting Bed

Seating

Section 1:100

Foot path Green lawn

STAGE 1 SECTION

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Medicago sativa

Cootamundra wattle

Eremophila nivea

Themeda triandra

Cupaniopsis anacardioides

Commelina cyanea

Austrodanthonia bipartita

Nov

Des

STAGE 1 SECTION O2

Attract insects

Pollen Temperature

D D

Trachelospermum jasminoides

Rain water

CO2

N

Austrostipa Setacea

Lomandra longifolia

17.5 m

14.4 m

Dianella Longifolia

Cupaniopsis anacardioides

Green Lawn

Eucalyptus

Rainfall Native plants absorb runoff and pollutants while attracting songbirds and butterflies

Rainfall

Jacaranda mimosifolia

Shelter Foot path Run off

Run off

Root zone: contributes to nutrient uptake, microbial activity and infiltration Section 1:100

Penetration Gravel bed

Perforated pipe

STAGE 2 CONNECTION

9

10 11

20

3 2

16 5

1

19

4

17 8

6

12

15

18

13 14

7

N

1

At the entrance of Crescent St and Robert St

6

Arch shelter connecting paths, providing semi-public space

11 Continuously growing plants provide stronger

2

Entrance along the Robert st

7

White Bay Power Station Greenfield export

12 The entrance to the rain garden

3

Entrance of Mullens and the street connects to the waterfront street

8

The arch creates a connection between the WBPS green space and the main road

13 The entrance to stepped platform and stepped

4

White Bay Power Station was put back into use as a new community center

Entrance of Robert st to runoff treatment green space 10 Entrance of foreshore buildings to runoff treatment green space

5 Enter the power station through the arch of the coal shed

9

water treatment capacity

plant Corridor

14 Silo shelter provide connection with Glebe Silo

and semi-public space 15 A long walkway connects the entire waterfront green space

16 The entrance connecting the waterfront road

and the front garden path

17 The Arch entrance connecting main road

,Silo and front garden

18 Glebe Silo serves as a cultural and artistic

area, providing business and employment

19 The entrance connecting street, mixed use

building and the front garden

STAGE 2 MODEL

N

STAGE 2 MODEL

DESIGN CPTED Natural entrance control can restrict entrance or control flow by selectively setting entrances and exits, lighting and landscape.

- Use a clearly identifiable entrance.

- Clarify the scope of public space, semi-public space and private space.

STAGE 2 SECTION E

Provide semi-public space The colour palette includes cream, terracotta The interior color paint is different from the exterior wall

E

N

Silos are connected to each other

The unpainted concrete northern elevation of the silos

8.4 m

54.0 m

2.4 m

Green Lawn

Path Flowering plum

20.0 m Main Road connecting WBPS and Silo

Provide semi-private seating and communication space

Provide shade

Path and Seat

Section 1:200

Shelter

Provide visual viewing

Increase vegetation coverage Soft touch and vision

Silo corridor

STAGE 2 BEING IN

N

The crevices under the warm sun also provide a warm microenvironment, allowing various temperature-variable groups to function effectively during most of the year

The historical changes of this site are clearly visible in the sandstone. Although the area has been substantially reshaped and changed, sandstone, as a tangible evidence layer, retains traces of historical changes in the changes, and retains architectural elements and connections.

STAGE 2 SECTION F

Flowering plum

Cupaniopsis anacardioides

Lomandra longifolia

Allocasuarina littoralis

F

N

18.0 m

2.4 m Entrance to the Silo front garden

Path and Archway

Path

Main Road

Seat around planting bed

Wallaby Grass

Linear Park 8.0 m Section 1:100

STAGE 2 SECTION London Plane Tree N

cupaniopsis anacardioides

Prostanthera ovalifolia Acacia alata

Acacia alata Lomandra longifolia

15.0 m

2.0 m

2.5 m

6.0 m

2.5 m

2.4 m Section 1:100

Foreshore Platform

Footpath Planting and Seating Concrete Platform

Footpath

Cycle

Mixed traffic

Cycle

Footpath

Connect to the front garden

STAGE 2 BEING IN

N

The front garden serves as part of the green promenade along the waterfront. Connected forshore platform and silo. The silo will be an active art work building in the future, which will bring huge flow of people. The front garden will become a place of high frequency use as a natural space for rest, restoring mood and communication.

STAGE 2 BEING IN Corrugated steel rust with time Track remains

N

Deschampsia cespitosa Eleocharis acicularis Pteris vittata Jacaranda

Dianella longifolia

STAGE 3 DEVELOPMENT

13

5

12

3

1

15

6

4

1

11

9

2

14

10

7 8

N

1 The two platforms are connected through the

Switch House

5

Green space helps mindfulness and nature establish a symbiotic relationship

9

Long path provide daily walks or jogging activities for nearby residents

13 Garden near community area, provides path,

seating, ornamental plants and shade

2

Arch shelter provide semi-public seating place for people using WBPS

6

Green-covered shelters provide natural systems and strolling spaces

10 Silo shelter creat semi-public space, shade

14 Glebe Silo as cultural and art district provide

3

welcoming garden provide a public open access interface

7

Lawn place with trees shades gathers the crowd to talk

11 Linear park provide green coverage and

15 Residential and commercial mixed buildings

4

White Bay Power Station is rejuvenated as an active community center

8

The stepped platform is close to the plant corridor, in contact with nature

12 Open space with seating for outdoor cinema

and rest

place for seating and playing and gathering

economic development

form communities and develop population

STAGE 3 SECTION Building name: The Bays Residennal and Retail

N

Building height: 17.5m Number of floors: 5

Allocarina littoralis

Prostanthera ovalifolia Acacia alata

Medicago sativa Themeda triandra

2.5 m

1.8 m

2.2 m

6.0 m

2.5 m

2.5 m

Shops on the first floor Section 1:100

Connect to the front garden

Entrance

Footpath

Planting

Cycle

Mixed traffic

Footpath

Setback

Mixed residential and retail

STAGE 3 BEING IN

N

It is close to the gardens of residential areas and shops. There is a good entrance for people around to visit, this will be a green public place with high usage rate. People are here to talk, rest, or buy some food nearby to enjoy. Ornamental and fragrant plants put people in nature.

Standard rose

Medicago sativa Prostanthera ovalifolia

Lomandra longifolia

STAGE 3 BEING IN

N

A prosperous neighborhood will be formed here, including shops on the first floor and residential areas on the upper floors. This is the main street for the daily activities of people in the community.