Flood, Flow, Feel

Flood, Flow, Feel WSUD with Human well-being

Yuxi Liu z5210740

Context Map

Balmain The Bays Precinct

CBD

White Bay Jones Bay

Rozelle

Pyrmont Rozelle Bay Glebe

Blackwattle Bay

Hybrid Question

How can green infrastructure reveal the story of water system at White Bay that benefits human well-being while accommodating massive future pedestrian flows?

WSUD features around The Bays Precinct

Balmain

Rozelle Pyrmont

Glebe

Promote awareness and knowledge of WSUD

Vision

Principles Baywater Activation

• Create recreation for local communities and visitors • Prevent the influence of sea level rise and water pollution from White Bay • Restore habitat for native creatures

Stormwater Activation

• Make stormwater visible, improve awareness and knowledge of WSUD • Establish stormwater recycling system to meet site water needs • Enhance site vegetation-density and biodiversity

Group Masterplan+Site Selection

1 Aquatic centre

3

1

2

2 White Bay walk 3 Balmain neighbourhood 4 White Bay bridge

4

5 Headland park 6 Light industrial

5

7 White Bay neighbourhood

6

8 Jones Bay walk

8 16 14

10

17

11

9 Underbridge sports field

7

10 Coastal marshes

12

11 Car park 9

13

12 Culture centre 13 Glebe Island bridge

15

14 Water treatment centre 15 Waterfront commerical 16 WSUD park 1:5000

by Chufeng Huang, edit by Yuxi Liu

0

250

500m

17 'The Bays' metro station

Circulation 20m Local Street

2.5m 1.5m 3m

3m

3m

3m 1.5m 2.5m

10m Cycle and Footpath

5m

5m

5m Footpath 5m

1:5000

0

250

500m

Connection

Balmain Residential Residential

Rozelle Residential

Residential

Pyrmont Residential We s t C o n n e x R o z e l l e Interchange project

Commercial

Proposed Connection Existing Connection

Glebe Residential

1:5000

0

250

500m

Fundamental Assets

White Bay Power Station

Harbour Bridge Viewing

White Bay Cove

Beattie Street Stormwater Channel

Soil Contamination

Industrial Pollution

Land Reclamation

Sn Sb Cr Zn Se Cd Phenols Al Hg Li As Fe Ni Mo PCBs Pb alcohols Co Be Cu Ba Benzidines

Hydrology

Balmain

The Beattie Street stormwater channel

White Bay

White Bay water quality

• Elevated concentrations of metals • Turbidity also exceeds the guideline values

Miskelly, G., 2018. Tollway construction to expose Sydney Harbour to toxic 'plumes', study finds. Abc. Accessed 24 Nov 2021, <https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-03-12/western-harbour-toll-construction-to-produce-toxicity-study/9537082>

White Bay Tide Change

How can design connect human to the rhythms of tide change?

Storm Surge High Tide Low Tide

Intertidal Zone 2m

Max Tide Height

1m

High and low tides occur twice daily

Sea Level Rise Over Time

Current

2100

2050

2500

Opportunities& Constraints Constraints:

1. Barriers 2. Limited access 3. Protection of White Bay Power Station 4. Loss vegetation 5. Impermeable surface and contaminated soils 6. Flood risk and toxic bay water

2

1

6

3

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

5 4

1

Image by Scott Wall+ Google map

Opportunities:

2

Embed natural and water system Create publicly accessible Adaptive reuse heritage building Establish habitats Use green infrastructure to make site permeable Consider coastal marsh plants to absorb pollutants

4

5

Precedents Hassett Park

by Jane Irwin Landscape Architecture

Lizard Log Parklands

by McGregor Coxall

Image by Landzine

Design Process-Site Edge 'Cut and Fill'

Design Process-Site Edge Development

Human accessible areas

Current

Human accessible areas

2030

2050

2100

Human accessible areas

Human accessible areas

Design Process-Stormwater management

Design Process-Community Engagement

Stormwater park

Above-ground drainage

Stage Stage 1 Innovation

Stage 2 Attraction

Stage 3 Integration

Timeline Event Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Sea Level Rise

Site Construction Site Regeneration Phytoremediation

Soil Contamination

Water Management Community Enagement Biodiversity

2030

2060

2100

Masterplan Stage 1

12

1

11

3

2

10 6

4

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

Robert Green Streets Power Station Forecourt Garden Constructed Wetlands Water Treatment Centre Metro Station Urban Gardens Harbour View Lawn Water Play Outdoor Meeting Place Viewing Platforms Boardwalk Promenade Coastal Marshes Plant Buffer Car Park Culture Centre

14

7

15

13

5 2

8 9 13

1:2000

0

100

200m

Masterplan Stage 2

12

1 3

2

10 6

4

11

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

Robert Green Streets Power Station Forecourt Garden Constructed Wetlands Water Treatment Centre Metro Station Urban Gardens Harbour View Lawn Water Play Outdoor Meeting Place Viewing Platforms Boardwalk Promenade Coastal Marshes with Mangroves Plant Buffer Car Park Culture Centre

14

7

15

13

5 2

8 9 13

1:2000

0

100

200m

Masterplan Stage 3

1 11 10

3

2

6

4

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

12

Robert Green Streets Power Station Forecourt Garden Constructed Wetlands Water Treatment Centre Metro Station Urban Gardens Harbour View Lawn Water Play Outdoor Meeting Place Bird Hide Boardwalk Promenade Coastal Marshes with Mangroves Plant Buffer Car Park Culture Centre

14

7

15

13

5 2

8 9 13

1:2000

0

100

200m

Zone

Street Network

Water Collection Zone Water Treatment Zone Water Supply Zone Coastal Protection Zone

Vehicle Lane Pedestrian and Cycleway Pedestrian

White-necked Heron Ardea pacifica

Range

Description: Medium to large, robust looking, grey heron with a completely white neck and head.

Habitats: Commonly residing in inland wetlands, shallow fresh waters, river floodplains,salt marshes and roadside ditches.

Ardea pacifica Latham, 180 1. Ind. Orn., Suppl. 1, p. 45: New South Wales.. Accessed 24 Nov 2021 <https://www.heronconservation.org/herons-of-the-world/list-of-herons/white-necked-heron/>

Principle 1:Baywater Activation • Create recreation for local communities and visitors • Prevent the influence of sea level rise and water pollution from White Bay • Restore habitat for native creatures

Coastal Protection Zone

Coastal marshes-Let Water In

High Tide Low Tide

Current

Freshwater marshes

High Tide Low Tide

Public accessible areas 2030 Pathway

5.0m Boardwalk

5.0m Platform

5.0m

5.0m

Boardwalk

Boardwalk

1:200

0

10

20m

Coastal Protection Zone

Coastal marshes-Let Water In Saltwater marshes

Freshwater marshes

High Tide Low Tide

Public accessible areas 2060

5.0m

Pathway

Boardwalk

5.0m Platform

5.0m Boardwalk

Saltwater marshes

Freshwater marshes

High Tide Low Tide

Public accessible areas 2100 Pathway

5.0m

5.0m

Boardwalk

Bird Hide

1:200

0

10

20m

Coastal Protection Zone

Coastal marshes-Let Creatures In

Darter

Brown Striped Frog Grey Teal

Bar-tailed Godwit

Blue-spot Goby Australian Pelican

White-necked Heron Bleating Tree Frog

Common Galaxias

High Tide Low Tide

Bird Hide

2100

Saltwater Marshes Indicator Species

2100

Coastal marshes Plant List Atriplex australasica

Baumea juncea

Triglochin striata

Carex fascicularis Baumea articulata Ceratophyllum demersum Juncus usitatus Ruppia maritima

Wilsonia backhousei Atriplex semibaccata

High Tide Low Tide

Freshwater marshes

Saltwater marshes

Scientific Name

Common Name

Type of Plant

Height (m)

Ceratophyllum demersum

Hornwort

Aquatic

2-3

Baumea articulata

Jointed Twig Rush

Aquatic

1.5-2.5

Carex fascicularis

Tassel Sedge

Aquatic/ Grass

0.6-1.5

Juncus usitatus

Common Rush

Shrub

0.4-1.2

Spergularia marina

Sand Spurry

Grass

0.1-0.15

Ficinia nodosa

Knobby Rush

Grass

0.8-1.0

Baumea juncea

Bare Twig-sedge

Grass

1.0-1.2

Triglochin striata

Streaked Arrow-grass

Grass

0.03-0.3

Ruppia maritima

Sea Tassel

Grass

1.2-3

Atriplex australasica

Saltbush

Shrub

1.0-1.5

Atriplex semibaccata

Half-berried Saltbush

Shrub

0.1-0.5

Enchylaena tomentosa

Ruby Saltbush

Shrub

0.4-1.0

Sarcocornia quinqueflora

Samphire

Shrub

0.3-0.5

Suaeda australis

Austral Seablite

Shrub

0.1-0.9

Wilsonia backhousei

Narrow-leaved Wilsonia

Shrub

0.1-0.15

Avicennia marina var. australasica

Grey Mangrove

Tree

3.0-10.0

Enchylaena tomentosa Sarcocornia quinqueflora

Suaeda australis

Avicennia marina

Ficinia nodosa

Spergularia marina

Principle 2: Stormwater Activation

• Make stormwater visible, improve awareness and knowledge of WSUD • Establish stormwater recycling system to meet the site water needs • Enhance site vegetation-density and biodiversity

Water Collection Zone

Robert Green Street-Welcome Stormwater

Interactive Public Space

Plant Buffer

Water Collection Zone

Robert Green Streets-Welcome Stormwater

Concrete

Asphalt

Sandstone

Beattie Street Stormwater Channel 2.5m Pedestrian Walkway

1.5m

2.0m

1.0m

One Way Above- Swale Cycleway ground drainage

6.0m Vehicle Lane

1.0m

2.0m

1.5m

2.5m

Swale Above- One Way Pedestrian ground Cycleway Walkway drainage

1:80

0

4m

8m

Water Collection Zone

Robert Green Streets-Welcome Stormwater

To Water Treatment Centre Beattie Street Stormwater Channel 2.5m Pedestrian Walkway

1.5m

3.0m

6.0m

3.0m

One Way Cycleway

Swale

Vehicle Lane

Swale

1.5m

2.5m

One Way Pedestrian Cycleway Walkway

1:80

0

4m

8m

Robert Green Streets Plant List

Westringia fruticosa Callistemon salignus

Imperata cylindrica Lomandra hystrix

Scientific Name

Common Name

Type of Plant

Height (m)

Cynodon dactylon

Couch

Grass

0.05-0.15

Lomandra hystrix

Mat Rush

Grass

1.0-1.2

Lomandra fluviatilis

Mat Rush

Grass

0.4-0.5

Imperata cylindrica

Blady grass

Shrub

1.0-1.2

Callistemon viminalis

Better John

Shrub

1.2

Callistemon viminalis

Scarlet Flame

Shrub

0.8

Westringia fruticosa

Grey box

Shrub

0.3-0.45

Callistemon salignus

Willow Bottlebrush

Tree

2.0-15.0

Cynodon dactylon Callistemon viminalis

Lomandra fluviatilis Callistemon viminalis

Water Collection Zone

Constructed Wetlands and Raingardens-Welcome Stormwater 2030

5.0m Pathway

5.0m

5.0m

5.0m 5.0m 5.0m

5.0m

5.0m

Pathway

Pathway

Cycleway Pathway Boardwalk

Sitting Area

Boardwalk

Constructed Wetlands

Raingardens

1:500

0

25

50m

Water Collection Zone

Constructed Wetlands and Raingardens-Welcome Stormwater 2060

5.0m Pathway

5.0m

5.0m

5.0m 5.0m 5.0m

5.0m

5.0m

Pathway

Pathway

Cycleway Pathway Boardwalk

Sitting Area

Boardwalk

Constructed Wetlands

Raingardens

1:500

0

25

50m

Water Collection Zone

Constructed Wetlands and Raingardens-Welcome Stormwater 2100

6.0m 5.0m

5.0m Pathway

Timber Stairs Pathway Natural Swimming Pools

5.0m

5.0m 5.0m 5.0m

5.0m

5.0m

Pathway

Cycleway Pathway Boardwalk

Sitting Area

Boardwalk

Constructed Wetlands

Raingardens

1:500

0

25

50m

Model-Natural Swimming Pool

• Chemical free • Cleaned and enriched the soil • Create an environment rich in biodiversity for visitors to observe, experience and enjoy.

Regeneration Zone

Swimming Zone

Constructed Wetlands Plant List

Azolla filiculoides

Azolla pinnata

Marsilea mutica

Ceratophyllum demersum Baumea articulata

Eleocharis dulcis

Carex fascicularis

Persicaria lapathifolia

Melaleuca decora

Scientific Name Azolla filiculoides Azolla pinnata Marsilea mutica Ceratophyllum demersum Baumea articulata Eleocharis dulcis Carex fascicularis Juncus usitatus Persicaria lapathifolia Melaleuca decora Casuarina cunninghamiana

Constructed Wetlands

Common Name Pacific Azolla Ferny Azolla Nardoo Hornwort Jointed Twig Rush Chinese Water Chestnut Tassel Sedge Common Rush Knotweed White Feather Honeymyrtle River She-oak

Type of Plant Aquatic Ferns Aquatic Ferns Aquatic Aquatic Aquatic Aquatic Aquatic Shrub Shrub Tree Tree

Height (m) 0.01-0.1 0.01-0.15 0.1-0.9 2-3 1.5-2.5 1.0-1.5 0.6-1.5 0.4-1.2 0.5-1.8 6-12 10-35

Juncus usitatus

Casuarina cunninghamiana

Raingardens Plant List

Isolepis nodosa

Banksia robur

Lomandra longifolia

Lomandra hystrix

Westringia fruticosa Acacia implexa

Raingardens Scientific Name Isolepis nodosa Lomandra longifolia Lomandra hystrix Banksia robur Westringia fruticosa Acacia implexa

Common Name Knotted Club Rush Basket Grass Tropic Belle Swamp Banksia Native Rosemary Hickory Wattle

Type of Plant Grass Grass Grass Shrub Shrub Tree

Height (m) 0.8-1.0 0.4-1.0 0.7-1.5 1.0-2.0 1.5-2.0 5.0-15.0

Water Treatment Centre White Bay Stormwater Recycling System • Meets 95% of the site water needs • Reduce pollution at White Bay • Improving irrigation at White Bay

Reuse Tanks Storage Tanks

Water Supply

Water Treatment

Water Collection

White Bay

Water Supply Zone

Urban Gardens-Celebrate Stormwater

Harbour view lawn

Water mist nozzles

Timber edge

Water Supply Zone

Water Play-Celebrate Stormwater

Rubber ground

Pathway

Water Play

Pathway Cycleway

Outdoor Meeting Place

1:400

0

20

40m

Water Supply Plant List

Carpobrotus glaucescens Brassica juncea

Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Eucalyptus globulus

Helianthus annuus L.

Scaevola aemula

Zoysia macrantha

Juncus effusus

Poa labillardieri

Scientific Name

Common Name

Type of Plant

Height (m)

Carpobrotus glaucescens

Pig Face

Groundcover

0.2-0.4

Scaevola aemula

Fan Flower

Groundcover

0.4-0.5

Zoysia macrantha

Prickly Couch

Grass

0.25

Juncus effusus

Common Rush

Grass

0.6-1.2

Poa labillardieri

Tussock Grass

Grass

0.3-0.8

Brassica juncea

Indian Mustard

Shrub

0.5-1.0

Helianthus annuus L.

Common Sunflower

Shrub

1.0-2.0

Casuarina obesa

Swamp She-Oak

Tree

1.5-10.0

Allocasuarina verticillata

Drooping She-Oak

Tree

4.0-10.0

Eucalyptus camaldulensis

River red gum

Tree

20.0-45.0

Eucalyptus globulus

Tasmanian blue gum

Tree

30.0-50.0

Allocasuarina verticillata

Casuarina obesa