Development and Management of Canola for the Great Plains Region

Development and Management of Canola for the Great Plains Region

Supplemental & Alternative Crop Program Project Director Meeting February 27, 2017 This project was supported by Supplemental and Alternative Crops Competitive Grant No. 2015-38624-24333 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

FY16 Project Personnel Name Affiliation Title – Job Description Michael Stamm KSU PD, Associate Agronomist – Canola Breeder Ignacio Ciampit KSU* Assoc. Professor, Cropping Systems/Crop Production Gary Cramer KSU* Asst. Professor, SCEF Agronomist-in-Charge Johnathon Holman KSU* Assoc. Professor, SWREC Crop Production Kraig Roozeboom KSU Professor, Cropping Systems Jerry J. Johnson CSU* Professor, Extension Specialist – Crops Testing Leader Dipak Santra UNL Assoc. Professor, Dept. of Agronomy & Horticulture, Alt. Crop Breeding Cody Creech UNL* Asst. Professor, Dept. of Agronomy & Horticulture, Dryland Cropping Sys. Sangu Angadi NMSU Assoc. Professor, Dept. of Plant and Envi. Sci., Crop Physiology Calvin Trostle TAMU* Professor, Extension Agronomist *Indicates extension appointment

2

2017 Project and NWCVT Locations

Project Goals • Facilitate the adoption of winter canola as an agronomically and economically viable rotation crop in the southern Great Plains (SGP) • To stimulate winter canola acreage and production increases in the region, the project will focus on the high priority areas – Development and testing of superior cultivars – Improve methods of production – Transfer of new knowledge to producers

• Metrics of success – – – –

Increase in planted acres Testing and release of new cultivars with yields above the national average Improve consistency of production using best management practices Attendance, participation, and feedback at extension activities

Objectives 1.

2.

3.

Develop and evaluate high-yielding and regionally adapted winter canola cultivars.

Priority traits include: winter survival, tolerance to sulfonylurea herbicide carryover, tolerance to post-emergence applications of glyphosate herbicide, yield, oil quality and quantity, hybrid parent lines, and blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) resistance.

Improve canola cropping systems by addressing agronomic management issues.

Management studies include: crop establishment seeding rate and row spacing, irrigation management, crop rotation, harvest management, herbicide efficacy, fungicide and growth regulator use, on-farm testing, and crop modeling in DSSAT. Deliver cultivar and agronomic management technologies to new and experienced canola growers through appropriate extension programs. These multifaceted programs involve participation by faculty, industry personnel, grower organizations, and producers. Methods of delivery may include, but are not limited to, field days, field tours, risk management schools, extension and journal publications, professional society meetings, agronomy updates, radio and television interviews, web-based applications, peer-to-peer interactions, and social media updates via Twitter and Facebook.

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Planted Acres in Kansas 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016 2017*

Source: USDA-FSA, *estimated

Planted Acres in CO & TX 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0

2012

2013

2014 CO

2015

2016

2017*

TX Source: USDA-FSA, *estimated

Barriers to Growth • • • • • • • •

Producer attude and reluctance to change Farm economy – risk management Insurance application process More local delivery points and end marketers are needed University and industry budgets Agronomic shortfalls and technology gaps Climate and winter survival Better cultivars needed

Average Low Temperatures Manhattan, KS 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20

2014-2015

2015-2016

2016-2017

Average

Project Highlights • • • • • • •

Release of ‘Torrington’ winter canola Approved for increase KSR4652 Roundup Ready® winter canola Seed sales of cultivars with a KSU genetic component exceeded 50,000 acres 5 active commercial licenses and 3 pending (7 cultivars) PVP# 201500324 approved for ‘DKW45-25’ First male sterile parent lines using the OGURA-INRA cms and KSU germplasm Graduate student thesis – “Effect of Planting Management Factors on Canola Performance in High-Residue Cropping Systems” • Graduate student thesis – “Integrated Weed Management Strategies for Conventional Winter Canola (B. napus) in Eastern New Mexico” • Begna, S.B. and S.V. Angadi. 2016. Effects of Planting Date on Winter Canola Growth and Yield in the Southwestern US. American Journal of Plant Sciences.

7:201-217.

Results

Comparison of winter survival (% of stand) for Torrington and winter hardy checks across 7 sites.

2013/14 2014/15 Name Torrington (KS4506) Riley Wichita DKW46-151 HyCLASS115W1 Mercedes2 LSD (0.05)

Source K-State K-State K-State DEKALB CROPLAN Rubisco

KSB 88 84 70 74 60 66 12

KSG 33 13 7 37 17 50 17

KSH 60 64 30 64 26 30 16

KSM 54 44 30 44 20 30 14

KSK 20 22 10 20 8 10 7

OKPC 96 96 93 91 93 68 20

OKDA 31 11 14 22 23 2 7

Avg. 55 48 37 50 35 37 3

Locations: KSB=Belleville, KS; KSG=Garden City, KS; KSH=Hutchinson, KS; KSM=Manhattan, KS; KSK= Kiowa, KS; OKP=Pond Creek, OK; OKDA=Dacoma, OK 1 Roundup Ready® cultivar, 2Hybrid cultivar

Yield (lb/a) results for the OSU Roundup Ready® winter canola variety trials in 2015.

Pond Name Source Creek Miami Fort Cobb Dacoma Average KSR4652 KSU 1750 2430 2350 1595 2031 DKW45-25 DEKALB 1885 1970 2825 1420 2025 DKW46-15 DEKALB 1650 1945 2270 1735 1900 HC115W CROPLAN 1540 2225 2755 1525 2011 LSD (0.05) 468 389 589 582

Rank 2 3 6 4

Yield (lb/acre)

2016 Hutchinson, KS – 30-in Rows, No-till Hybrids

2,000

O.P.

1,500 1,000 500 0

100000

175000

250000

325000

400000

Yield (lb/acre)

Seeds/acre

2016 Hutchinson, KS – 9-in Rows, Tilled 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0

Hybrids

150000

225000

O.P.

300000

Seeds/acre

375000

425000

2016 National Winter Canola Variety Trial Yields City

State

Open Pollinated Average

Hybrid Average

Hybrid Advantage

bu/a

bu/a

%

Conway Springs Hutchinson

KS KS

37.0 44.7

39.6 49.0

+7.0 +9.6

Kiowa Clovis

KS NM

56.8 62.9

66.8 78.9

+17.6 +25.4

Fruita Scottsbluf

CO NE

45.3 38.2

53.9 46.2

+18.9 +20.9

Clovis, NM Growing Season

Entry no.

Seeding date

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

16 44 45 50 47 54 48 36

Sep 15 Sep 20 Sep 22 Sep 6 Sep 4 Sep 11 Sep 4 Sep 13

Fall stand (Winter survival) (9) (98) (8) (94) (7) (97) (9) (98) (8) (97) (8) (98) (8) (98) (8) (98)

Irrigation (inches)

Precip. (inches)

Total (Irrig + Precp, inch)

11.80 16.25 17.85 20.40 14.00 12.20 11.00 -

14.53 2.78 6.61 7.97 12.45 14.59 18.10 -

26.33 19.03 24.46 28.37 26.45 26.8 29.10 -

lb seed/ inch water 138.4 91.1 111.1 95.4 48.1 142.2 121.9 -

Yield range (bs/ac) 3162-3799 608-2418 1563-3930 1680-3494 807-2061 2666-4641 1777-4477 -

Average Yield (lb/ac) 3643 1759 2724 2707 1271 3811 3548 -

• New study evaluating critical, stage-based irrigation management – At what growth stage should limited water be applied to maximize productivity – Initial observation – skipping irrigation at the reproductive stage was most detrimental

Lamont, OK

Conway Springs, KS

Clovis, NM

Extension & Outreach

Next Steps • Release new Group 2 carryover tolerant cultivar in 2017 • Release KSR4652 Roundup Ready® winter canola in 2017 • Seeding rate x genotype studies • Long-term rotation studies • Pre-season and in-season deficit irrigation • Further develop male sterile and fertility restorer lines • On-farm testing of winter canola planting management • Expand extension efforts

Questions?

Mike Stamm Associate Agronomist / Canola Breeder Department of Agronomy Kansas State University 785-532-3871 mjstamm@ksu.edu Follow @ksucanola on Twitter Follow @KStateAgron on Twitter