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TAMAR ABULADZE AND GIUNASHVILI TAMAR192 ABULADZE ANDHELEN HELEN GIUNASHVILI TAMAR ABULADZE AND HELEN GIUNASHVILI
TAMAR ABULADZE A
Georgia and Iran: Historica Georgia Context and Georgiaand andIran: Iran:Historical-Cultural Historical-Cultural Context andTendencies Tendencies of Georg Georgia and Iran: Historical-Cultural Context and Tendencies of ofGeorgian GeorgianRenaissance Renaissance (According to Georg of Georgian Renaissance (According Handwritten Heritage) (AccordingtotoGeorgian Georgian Handwritten Heritage) (According to Georgian Handwritten Heritage)
In the 16th century a common nation n the national cultural-creative process started known as the “Georgian Renaissance”. In the16 16 century centuryaacommon common national cultural-creative process startedininGeorgia, Georgia, In the 16 century a common national cultural-creative process started in Georgia, wn Renaissance”. This movement, based on cultural covered different fields of edu wnas asthe the“Georgian “Georgian Renaissance”. Thisnational national movement, based onits its culturalheritage, known as the “Georgian Renaissance”. This national movement, based on its cultural age, fields of literature, fine adoptage,covered covereddifferent different fields ofeducation, education, literature, scienceand andliterature, finearts, arts,science adopt-ing heritage, covered different fields of science education, and and fine transforming arts, adoptingcorrespondingly nd transforming the of cultural achievements and transformingon correspondingly on the of cultural achievements within within the common Near Eastern cultur and transformingcorrespondingly correspondingly on thenational nationalbasis basis ofnational culturalbasis achievements ninthe cultural area. theEastern common Near Eastern National themes became prevalent thecommon commonNear Near Eastern cultural area. cultural area. National themes became prevalent in the literature of this period; was National prevalent inin the of period; secular poetry was secular leading,poetry were established new litera National themes themes became became prevalent the literature literature of this this period; secular poetry leading,new wereliterary established new Inand spitenational-reof politicalligious and national-religious eading, genres. In spite political hostility, Georgian scholars tra leading,were wereestablished established new literary genres. Inliterary spiteof ofgenres. political and national-rehostility, Georgian scholars translated and “interpreted” great and erudition and diligence us scholars translated and “interpreted” with erudition diligence Persian poetic masterpiec us hostility, hostility, Georgian Georgian scholars translated and “interpreted” with great greatwith erudition Persian poetic masterpieces, at that time became an essential partGeorgian of the Georgian diligence masterpieces, which that became an part national literature. The R diligencePersian Persianpoetic poetic masterpieces, whichatatwhich thattime time became anessential essential partof the national literature. The Renaissance literature exhibited influence of Persian fictional eeGeorgian literature. The literature exhibited great influence of Persian fictional forms, such as, mo Georgiannational national literature. TheRenaissance Renaissance literature exhibited greatgreat influence ), majam‘e majam‘e (()ﻣﺠﻤﻌﻪ, ), translations forms,such suchas, as,mokāleme mokāleme((ﻣﻜﺎﻠﻤﻪ, (((ﻣﻜﺎﻠﻤﻪ, ersian translations and additions additions of of heroic heroic and romantic po ersian fictional fictional forms, forms, such as, mokāleme majam‘e ()ﻣﺠﻤﻌﻪ, translationsand monāzara genre genre (“discussion, deb the PPersian dditions of and romantic poetry. Literary writings belonging thePersian ersian ﻤﻨﺎﻈﺮﻩmunāzare additions ofheroic heroicand andromantic romanticpoetry. poetry.Literary Literarywritings writingsbelonging belongingtototothe (“discussion, established as national creative ﻤﻤmunāzare debate”) were composed and progressively estabas national creative works. munāzaregenre genre(“discussion, (“discussion,debate”) debate”)were werecomposed composedand andprogressively progressively estab-lished works. d as works. During the 16th to 17th centuries, Ge ed asnational nationalcreative creative works. th During theGeorgian 16th to 17science centuries, Georgian science clearly reflected tendencies of of the secular so clearly reflected the During of thatthe period, requests 17ththcenturies, centuries, Georgian science clearly reflected thetendencies tendencies Duringthe the16 16ththtoto17 period, requests ofand the and cultural First of Georgian all it concerned atatperiod, of secular society cultural influences. First all historiography and its e period,requests requeststhat ofthe the secular society andsecular culturalsociety influences. Firstof ofinfluences. allititconcon-cerned Georgian and historiography its eminent representative, Parsadan dārugha Gorgijanidze, dārugha of Isfahan and h ed representative, Parsadan (the governor) edGeorgian Georgianhistoriography historiography andits itseminent eminentand representative, ParsadanGorgijanidze, Gorgijanidze, (the governor) of Isfahan and his “Georgian History”. gha (the In this period (the 16th century) was ugha (thegovernor) governor)of ofIsfahan Isfahanand andhis his“Georgian “GeorgianHistory”. History”. th In this period (the 16 century) was also compiled amedical vast and well-known was aavast and well-known n this treatise “Iadgarmedical Daud”, author of whic century) wasalso alsocompiled compiled vast and well-known medical In thisperiod period(the (the16 16ththcentury) treatise Daud”, of which was Daud-Khan Georgian XI).National Centre o se author of was Daud-Khan (the Georgian King David XI). AtKing the David Georgian ise “Iadgar “Iadgar Daud”, Daud”, author“Iadgar of which which wasauthor Daud-Khan (the Georgian King(the David At the Georgian National Centre of Manuscripts, among Persian manuscripts of Central At Atthe theGeorgian GeorgianNational NationalCentre Centreof ofManuscripts, Manuscripts,among amongPersian Persianmanuscripts manuscriptsof ofCentral Asian collections one of its sour Asian onewas of its sources was discovered – “Shifā’ al-‘Alīl”, belonging to the Arab physician, ral one of discovered ––“Shifa‘ al-‘alil”, belonging to the well-known tralAsian Asiancollections collections onecollections ofits itssources sources was discovered “Shifa‘ al-‘alil”, belongwell-known Arab‘Ali physician, ‘Alī Iranian ibn ‘Īsāinfluences al-Kahhal’. influences on Georgian art during the Sa oothe al-Qahhal. on Georgian art became more obvious thewell-known well-knownArab Arabphysician, physician, ‘Ali al-Qahhal. Iranian influences onIranian Georgian became more obvious during the Safavid period. ecame Georgian and Georgian-Persian hi ecamemore moreobvious obviousduring duringthe theSafavid Safavidperiod. period. Georgian and Georgian-Persian historical documents (theirsealing ornaments, borders, paintings and Georgian historical documents ornaments, borders, and decoration), Georgian and and Georgian-Persian Georgian-Persian historical documents (their (their ornaments, borders, sealing and decoration), paintings and ornaments of Georgian Medieval ng Georgian as, the 16th century man ngand anddecoration), decoration),paintings paintingsand andornaments ornamentsof of GeorgianMedieval Medievalliterary literarymasmas-terpieces (such literary th (such as, the of century manuscripts of “The Knight in the Tiger’s Skin”, Knight ininthe Skin”, eces 16 “Ioseb-Zilikhaniani”) were artistically i centurymanuscripts manuscripts 16 of“The “The Knight theTiger’s Tiger’s Skin”, eces(such (suchas, as,the themasterpieces 16ththcentury “Ioseb-Zilikhaniani”) were artistically influenced by Persian miniatures. b-Zilikhaniani”) were eb-Zilikhaniani”) wereartistically artisticallyinfluenced influencedby byPersian Persianminiatures. miniatures. Key words: Medieval Georgia and Iran words: and Iran, relations, Georgian words:Medieval MedievalGeorgia Georgia andMedieval Iran,cultural cultural relations, Georgian “Renaissance”. Key words: Georgia and Iran, cultural“Renaissance”. relations, Georgian “Renaissance”. thth
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