type survey I

Victor r a m os fal l 2006

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gr 617 t y pe surv e y 1 renÉe d’arc y

Victor r a m os fal l 2006

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gr 617

Missions

Challenges

Solut ions

t y pe surv e y 1 renÉe d’a rc y

Deliverables

Mi s s i o n

Challenge

So l u t i o n

De l i v e r a b l e

Outline of contents

Typography Timeline ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 - 5 Anatomy of Typography............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 - 7 Classification Cards ................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 - 9 Typeface Design ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 - 1 1 Glyphic Patterns ..................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 - 1 3 Typographic Semantics .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 - 1 5 Illustration with Type ................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 - 1 7 Typesetting Study .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8 - 1 9 Classification Posters ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 0 - 2 1 Typography Idea Map ............................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 - 2 3 Credits ................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5

victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

Typography Timeline MISSION

Understand and trace the evolution of typography throughout history.

CHALLENGE

Research and create a typographic timeline focusing on hierarchy and design.

SOLUTION

A five column grid layout with a clear hierarchy structure focusing on the prevailing social or technical movements in typography.

Images imbedded in circles to complement the symmetry.

DELIVERABLE

Five 8.5" x 11" color sheets

image examples from timeline

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victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

ANATOMY o f typography MISSION

Identification, understanding and fluency of typographic structure and components.

CHALLENGE

Design a squared black & white “type anatomy” illustration with emphasis on information clarity and typographic description using one “Old Style” type family.

SOLUTION

A image of a deer became the inspiration for the design.

Garamond typeface and various .25 dashed-rules were incorporated to identify specific type elements and components.

DELIVERABLE

Bracket

Tail

One 8.5" x 8.5" sheet

Descenders

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victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

Typography c l a s s i f i c at i o n cards MISSION

CHALLENGE

SOLUTION

DELIVERABLE

Develop further knowledge of typographic families and classification systems while recognizing the structural and historical differences of each.

Design a series of cards, which can work individually or as a set, attempting to communicate the uniqueness of various type families.

Working on a structured five column grid system, each postcard is divided into two sections which showcase both the classification information and the individual characteristics of each type family. White letterforms were placed against the soft earth tone palette, enabling more visual information and adding a greater sense of balance to the design.

Five 4" x 6" color cards

full set of cards (not to scale)

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Old Style card example

Victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

T y p e fa c e d e s i g n MISSION

Analysis of simple geometric forms and the rudimentary structures and challenges of bit-mapped typefaces.

CHALLENGE

Create an original prototype for a bitmap font through the use of a grid and a square, substituting curves and diagonals with rectilinear solutions. Using each letterform, develop a full character set and create a specimen sheet.

SOLUTION

DELIVERABLE

10

A full character set of the “Hoopdeblap” typeface was developed incorporating a strong emphasis on a weighted bottom and slim ascenders. Leveraging on the geometric elements of the Hoopdeblap typeface, the specimen sheet holds traits of early Russian Constructivism and Bauhaus movements.

One 8.5" x 8.5" sheet One 11" x 17" sheet

full character set

specimen sheet

victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

Glyphic Pat terns MISSION

Futura Bold Glyphic Patterns

Further the awareness of various letterform structures, type features and glyphs.

CHALLENGE

Using the alphabet letters and glyphs, the project called for a development of “logo” style cards in either bold or thin versions in full color with hierarchal colophons.

SOLUTION

Restricting the design to a combination of one upper and one lower case letter, a full set was developed which attempted to utilize minimal type elements while exploring the different characteristics of the letterforms and glyphs.

DELIVERABLE

Twenty Six 5.5" x 5.5" cards

AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz

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victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

Typographic Semantics MISSION

Study successful approaches to type treatments and understand the importance of conceptual communication.

CHALLENGE

Choosing three words from a designated list of nineteen, the project called for an in-depth exploration of the visual dynamics of each letterform and the resulting message or idea. Deliver a final piece with three versions of each word chosen.

SOLUTION

DELIVERABLE

Through numerous sketches, the words “compression, substitution and success” were chosen for their unique expressive qualities.

Incorporating a broad range of glyphs and numbers, various successful type semantics were achieved.

One 8.5" x 11" sheet

a few type semantics examples

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Born in Cradley, Worcestershire in 1692, William Caslon was an English gunsmith and designer of typefaces. He began a business in London as an engraver of gunlocks and barrels, and as a bookbinder's tool

cutter in 1716 and later set up a type foundry. The distinction and legibility of his type gained him patronage from the leading printers of the day, both in England and throughout the continent. The Dutch Baroque types, which were the most commonly used types in England, inspired Caslon’s typefaces. His work went on to influence John Baskerville and are thus the progenitors of the “Transitional” and “Modern” typeface classifications. Caslon typefaces were immediately popular and used for many important printed works, including the first printed version of the Declaration of Independence.

upper and lower case Caslon type

victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

Typesetting Study MISSION

Understand fundamental typesetting rules and develop accurate handling of type in various type-treatments and alignment situations.

CHALLENGE

Set a predetermined paragraph of information in ten various fashions using an Old Style serif type with clear and accurate hierarchy rules.

SOLUTION

Following proper typesetting guidelines, all requirements were meet, maintaining a keen eye for rivers, widows and other improper handling of type. A wine glass served as the outline for the justified text inside the shape exercise, requiring exact precision and interplay between kerning, leading and tracking.

DELIVERABLE

Ten 8.5" x 11" sheets

justified lower case in a shape & set right upper case

18

justified upper case in a shape

victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

Typography c l a s s i f i c at i o n cards MISSION

Build on previous discussion and knowledge base of typographic families and classification systems, while understanding type foundry practices of informational poster designs showcasing their new typefaces.

S TO T H E

C A T E G O RY

K N O W

WA S I N F L U E N C E D B Y F R A N C E S C O G R I F F O,

T H E

F O R

I N

I T A L Y

O F

A L D U S

D U R I N G

M A N U T I U S

T H E

F I F T E E N T H

L A T E

C E N T U RY.

I M P R I M E R I E

D I D O N E

AaBcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz

Q CN

SERIF

Transitional type is so-called because of its intermediate

features of transitional typefaces include vertical stress and

slightly higher contrast between thick and thin stokes than old style typefaces. They also include: wider, more gracefully

bracketed serifs, larger x-heights, vertical stress in rounded

strokes, and the height of capitals matches that of ascenders.

Numerals are cap-height and consistent in size.

SANS SERIF

OLD STYLE

T Y P E F A C E S

TRANSITIONAL

MODERN

SERIF

O R

M O D E R N T Y P E F A C E S

THREE

SANS SERIF

D I D O N E ,

C A L L E D

SLAB SERIF ENCOMPASS

AaBcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz

position between old style and modern. The distinguishing

TIMES ROAMN High Contrast Strokes

MODERN

R O Y A L

BASKERVILLE Jointed Tail

TRANSITIONAL

CASLON Inclined Apex

height of the capital characters. The numerals, called old style figures, vary in size and have ascenders and descenders.

P H I L I P P E

CENTURY OLD STYLE No Lower Serifs

RMA

Style.” Old Style characteristics include: minimal variation of thick and

thin strokes, small coarse serifs, small x-heights. In the round strokes, the

B Y

L E T T E R F O R M S .

BASKERVILLE

Adhering to manuscript models was the basis of the first 300 years of

type design, and typefaces used during this period are referred to as “Old

OLD STYLE

T H E

D E S I N E D

IN 1692, MOVING AWAY FROM GARALDE TWOARDS

BEMBO

A S

T H E Y

A R E

O F T E N

S U B - C AT E G O R I E S

CALLED, ORIGINATED FROM

INCLDING: CLARENDON, TYPEWRITER

T H E

A N D

S L A B

S E R I F.

N A M E D

A F T E R

T H E

CLARENDON

L A T E

1 8 T H

P R E S S

I N

O X F O R D ,

WA S

C R E AT E D

BY

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N

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BODONI

Modern typefaces represent the last phase of character evolution

CLARENDON

from the pen-inspired Old Style types, along with the first efforts at

Slab Serif letterforms resulted from the impact of the

Manufacturing and mass production of consumer goods

SLAB SERIF

SANS SERIF

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using type design to establish visual styles in written communication.

Within a few decades, the wide acceptance of the Transitional types helped to inspire a new sense of typographic style in Europe,

especially France and Italy. Modern characteristics include: extreme contrast between thick and thin strokes, hairline serifs without

bracketing, small x-heights, and vertical stress in rounded strokes.

OLD STYLE

TRANSITIONAL

MODERN

SERIF

SANS SERIF

E .

H Wg

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CENTURY Concave Drop to Ear

MODERN

AMERICAN TYPEWRITER Wave Tail

TRANSITIONAL

ROCKWELL Bar with no Spur

OLD STYLE

AaBcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz

CLARENDON Drop Terminal

thick and thin strokes, heavy serifs with squared-off ends,

R

C

BODONI Hairline Serifs

creation of new kinds of print media and the emergence of more functional type designs for commercial purposes.

Slab Serif characteristics include: minimal variation of

I

DIDOT Stepped Junction

had two major effects on print communication: the

E A R L Y

GIAMBATISTA

ROBERT

O

B E S L E Y

OF

E N G L A N D ,

B

CLARENDON

A N D

19TH CENTURY CRAFTSMANSHIP

large x-heights and minimal stress in the curved strokes.

20

B Y

R O I

T Y P E F A C E S

Industrial Revolution which brought profound changes to

Four 13" x 19" color posters

D U

G R A N D J E A N

printing and typography in the 19th century.

DELIVERABLE

I N F L U E N C E D

L E T T E R F O R M ,

PALATINO Open Counter

Working from inspiration by John bakserville’s typesetting mastery, a clean and organic solution was created for this series. Large, overlaid letterforms take precedence, immediately conveying the specific characteristics of the various type categories.

H E A V I L Y

G A R A L D E

BEMBO Angular Stems

SOLUTION

W A S

ALDINE PRESS. HE HELPED DEFINE THE

stress is oblique, as their designs mimic the hand-held angle of the pen

Design four posters, which can work individually or joined together, to help communicate the uniqueness of the various type categories and, alongside, promote each category.

T Y P E R O M A I N

MASTER PUNCHCUTTER FOR THE

nibs of the scribes. The tops of lowercase ascenders often exceed the

CHALLENGE

T R A N S I T I O N A L

A S

OLD STYLE

modern typeface category poster

victor ramos fall 2006 process book gr 612 type survey 1 Instructor renÉe d’arcy

MISSION

Explore, develop and practtice a consistent process for ongoing idea generation.

CHALLENGE

Create a clear “Idea Map” intended to chart a plethora of type options and solutions

SOLUTION

DELIVERABLE

22

Beginning with the concept of a spiderweb, then end result more closely mirrrored a conceptualized brain structure of information-distribution and categorization along clearly defined paths and directions.

One 8.5" x 11" sheet

Type t reat m e n t op t ion s

Typography Idea map

Color Contrast

Transparency

3-D

Mi s s i o n

Challenge

So l u t i o n

Deliverable

C r e d i t s & a p p r e c i at i o n Instructor Renée d’Arcy Course GR 612 Type Survey 1 Academic Year Fall 2006 Institution Academy of Art University San Francisco, CA Support Susan Hosking Renée d’Arcy Phil Hamlett Lauren Mulkey Chase Fenton Family Inspiration Typography & Design History Fellow Classmates Everyday Life