LAVA MAGAZINE
Issue 01/May 2020
Inside the deep caves carved by lava
Editor's Note: Volcanoes are giants breathing flames. When they sprayed, everything is quiet and silent, only the magma roars, spreading its teeth and spreading its claws to the four directions, flowing directly to the edge of the forests and the bottom of the ocean. The purpose is to introduce the process of lava from birth to death. Because it exists in the world for a short time, it attracts us to this short-lived beauty.
CONTRIBUTORS PHOTO Jeremy Barke
Marc Szeglat
Toby Harriman
Ebrhard grossgasteigr
EDITOR,DESIGNER YuanWei
Benklea
Eberhard Grossgasteiger
Walter Lim
Ulet ifansasti/Getty images
CONTENTS THE BIRTH OF LAVA
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THE EXISTENCE OF LAVA
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THE DEATH OF LAVA
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THE BIRTH OF LAVA
Lava is molten rock. It is created deep beneath Earth's surface (often 100 miles or more underground), where temperatures get hot enough to melt rock. Scientists call this molten rock magma when it's underground. wonderopolis
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The majority of volcanoes in the world form along the boundaries of Earth's tectonic plates—massive expanses of our planet's lithosphere that continually shift, bumping into one another. When tectonic plates collide, one often plunges deep below the other in what's known as a subduction zone.
Maya wei-haas
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As the descending landmass sinks deep into the Earth, temperatures and pressures climb, releasing water from the rocks. The water slightly reduces the melting point of the overlying rock, forming magma that can work its way to the surface—the spark of life to reawaken a slumbering volcano.
Maya wei-haas
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THE EXISTENCE OF LAVA
They've created more than 80 percent of our planet's surface, laying the foundation that has allowed life to thrive. Their explosive force crafts mountains as well as craters.
Maya wei-haas
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Volcanoes Are Earth's Geologic Architects.
Over geologic time, volcanic eruptions and related processes have directly and indirectly benefited mankind.
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Volcanic materials ultimately break down and weather to form some of the most fertile soils on Earth, cultivation of which has produced abundant food and fostered civilizations. The internal heat associated with young volcanic systems has been harnessed to produce geothermal energy. Most of the metallic minerals mined in the world--such as copper, gold, silver, lead, and zinc--are associated with magmas found deep within the roots of extinct volcanoes. usgs.gov
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THE DEATH OF LAVA
When lava first come out from volcano, it is very poweful with glaring red color. The lava, likes red flood, destories everything.
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Lifetime Of Lava
The lava disappears with the smoke
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The "red f lood", however, becomes a stream with dark red color when it close to ocean, which is the end of its life. Lava only has several months before cooling, the short period is not worth mention comparing with other crustal movement that can last more than hundreds of years. The life of lava is short but glorious. When it reaches ocean water, with the smoke and loud noise, the lava cools down to lava rock, which contains valuable and useful minerals and soil.
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