Chapter 16: Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Child Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What are the primary objectives of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV)?
I. To increase the likelihood of successful weaning from mechanical ventilation II. To improve respiratory gas exchange III. To decrease the patient’s work of breathing IV. To reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumoniaa. I and IV only b. II and III only c. I, II, and III only d. II, III, and IV only ANS: B
The primary objectives of NPPV in children with acute respiratory distress are to decrease the work of breathing and improve respiratory gas exchange. These objectives are outlined in Box 16-2 in the textbook. REF: p. 288 2. What effect should the therapist expect to observe after successful initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on a neonate who has a restrictive lung disorder? a.
Decreased arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) b. A lower mean airway pressure c. A normal alveolar–arterial oxygen tension difference [P(A–a)O2] gradient d. Increased lung volume ANS: D
An appropriate level of CPAP must increase end-expiratory lung volume (functional residual capacity) and thereby improve oxygenation. CPAP therapy may or may not improve tidal volume and alveolar ventilation. In children and neonates with restrictive respiratory dysfunction and decreased lung compliance, CPAP therapy can raise tidal volume. REF: p. 289 3. Which of the following restrictive disorders are likely to respond to both NPPV and CPAP
in children? I. Atelectasis II. ARDS III. PneumoniaIV. Morbid obesity a. I, II, and III only b. II and IV only c. I, III, and IV only
