Ferrous Report: a story of supply, trade cases and quality issues

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JANUARY 2008

速

WIRE JOURNAL

I N T E R N A T I O N A L w w w. w i r e n e t . o r g

Ferrous Report: a story of supply, trade cases and quality issues

IWCS wrapup OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE WIRE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

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WIRE JOURNAL

®

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

Volume 41 Number 1 January 2008

C ONTENTS

36 Wrapup: 2007 IWCS

46

FEATURES

The IWCS tech program rebounded in Florida

38 Ferrous feature Trade actions, capacity issues and upstream issues continue to be headline news in the ferrous sector.

39 Perspectives Tom Tyl, Tire Wire Technology, comments on the importance of culture in quality.

48 2007 WJI article index

TECHNICAL

PAPERS

A compilation of all the news items that ran in the WJI during 2007.

58 Effect of additional shear strain layer on microstructure and tensile strength of fine drawn wire Satoshi Kajino and Motoo Asakawa—One finding was that the crystal grain of the surface layer was subdivided more finely than that of the center layer.

64 A wiredrawing teaching laboratory at Rensselaer

68 New TCHP drawing dies with unprecedented performance Richard E. Toth, John M. Keane and Ivi Smid— Tests on cast iron using nanocomposite materials showed impressive results, with further recent results indicating that the technology may be able to extend the life of traditional wiredrawing dies by a factor of seven. (continued)

Roger N. Wright—Drawing measurements and different lubricants were part of an undergrad program taught at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

72

Cover: Headlines in the ferrous sector have focused on capacity issues, challenges to trade and even a proposed upstream merger. See p. 38.

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12 Industry News Lincoln Electric, Kobe Steel and Alcatel in joint venture news, Nexans and Prysmian report contracts, InterWire Group opens facility in Mexico, and more

WIRE JOURNAL

®

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

6 Editorial

DEPARTMENTS

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22 Asian Focus Demand for coal continues to rise

26 Fiber Watch Leoni reports fiber acquisition, South Africa okays undersea cable system

8 Calendar 24 People 73 Products

27 Fastener Update UID programs offers concentrated education

28 WAI News Report to Members, new officers for 2008 and more

34 Chapter News Updates on upcoming meetings for WAI’s Western Chapter and New England Chapter

4 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

77 Media 78 Classified 78 Career Opportunities 81 Advertisers’ Index

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WIRE JOURNAL

INTERNATIONAL

Editorial

Publisher Steven J. Fetteroll Editor-in-Chief Mark Marselli

Volunteers, exhibitions and educational products

Senior Graphic Designer Bill Branch

The New Year generally brings a sense of optimism, a list of personal resolutions, a new set of objectives, and in the case of WAI, a new president. I am honored to follow in a long line of dedicated, caring individuals that were committed to the industry and the mission of the Association.

Having been involved with WAI for nearly 15 years, I have grown to understand that the passion accompanying the president is not a function of the position, rather it is a reflection of the organization and specifically the 100 plus volunteers who contribute throughout the year.

I experienced this firsthand during my initial involvement in the New England Chapter and as a member of the Electrical Management Committee. I was inspired by very talented professionals committed to completing chapters for the Electrical Handbook or developing programs for the next event, just to name a few. I was, and continue to be, proud to be working with and associated with such a competent group of volunteers. On numerous occasions, I have witnessed competitors working together for the common good of our industry.

During the next 12 months, my priority is to provide support and assistance to those special volunteers working in the trenches to continually improve Interwire, Wire Expo, and the Association’s educational products. These are all key to the success of the Association and extremely valuable to the industry.

When I entered the industry over 25 years ago, my background was finance and accounting. I utilized the Wire Association as a resource to learn the wire and cable business and I am honored and humbled to now have this opportunity to give back by serving this organization and our industry. From my personal experience, I can only encourage everyone to become involved – it’s a win-win for everyone!

Here’s to a successful 2008!

Director of Sales Robert Xeller

Ronald W. Reed WAI President

Editor’s note: The dates for Interwire 2009 have been changed to April 25-30, 2009. See page 11.

6 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Proofreader Livia Jacobs

Advertising Sales Anna Bzowski Director of Marketing Services Janice E. Swindells Circulation Manager Jan Valois Publications Committee Ferruccio Bellina -TKT Group, Italy Anand Bhagwat - Wire and Cable Services, India Malcom Michael - Australasian Wire Association, Australia Don Schollin - Q-S Technologies, USA Ken Scott - UK Ralph Skalleberg - Skaltek USA Dave Stackpole - Nutmeg Wire, USA Giulio Properzi - Continuus Properzi, Italy Robert Wild - Niehoff Endex North America, USA WAI Executive Committee Liaison Thomas MoranNational Standard Co. Technical Advisors John Drummond - Scotia Group Nate Rosebrooks - Fluid Coating Technology R. M. Shemenski - RMS Consulting, Inc.

WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL (ISSN-0277-4275) is published monthly by the Wire Journal, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of The Wire Association International, Inc. Address all correspondence concerning advertising production, editorial and circulation to Wire Journal International, 1570 Boston Post Road, P.O. Box 578, Guilford, CT 06437-0578, USA. Tel: 203-453-2777; fax: 203-453-8384; web site: wirenet.org; e-mail mmarselli@wirenet.org. Printed in USA. Subscription rates: $95 per year, USA; $105 per year, Canada and Mexico; other countries, $125 per year (includes air mail). Single copies: $6 in the U.S.; all other countries $7. Periodicals postage paid at Guilford, CT 06437, USA, and at additional offices.

Wire Journal International grants photocopy permission to libraries and others registered with Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, USA, for a fee of $0.50 per article.

Payments should be sent directly to the CCC. Requests for bulk orders or reprints should be sent to the Wire Journal International, P.O. Box 578, Guilford, CT 06437-0578, USA. © 2008 by Wire Journal, Inc. All rights reserved. The Publisher of Wire Journal International assumes no responsibility for the validity of manufacturers’ claims made herein. Back issues of Wire Journal International are on microfilm and available from University Microfilm, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA. Phone: 313-761-4700.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Wire Journal International, P.O. Box 578, Guilford, CT 06437-0578, USA.

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World Calendar January 17-18, 2008: Wires in Automotive Applications Pune, India. This international technical conference will be held at the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, in Pune, India.

Contact: Anand Bhagwat, Managing Director, WAI Wire and Cable Services Pvt. Ltd., abhagwat@wirenet.org.

March 3-5, 2008: Cables 2008 Cologne, Germany. To be held at the Maritim Hotel, this event brings together cable producers, raw materials suppliers and equipment manufacturers. Contact: Applied Market Information Ltd. www.aimplastics.com.

March 31-April 4, 2008: wire Düsseldorf Düsseldorf, Germany. To be held at the Messe fairgrounds.

Contact: Messe Düsseldorf North America, tel. 312-781-5180; e-mail info@mdna.com.

Apr 18-20, 2008: Cable & Wire 2008 Istanbul Turkey. To be held at the CNR Expo Center, this event will present cable accessories, wiring harnesses, machines and electro-insulating materials, equipment and production machines. Contact: Mediaforce Fuarcilik Ltd. Sti., tel.

90-212-465-65-45; e-mail info@mediaforceonline.com; Internet www.mediaforceonline.com.

June 1-3, 2008: 2nd World Wire & Cable Conference Barcelona, Spain. The theme of this conference, to be held at the Hotel Rey Juan Carlos, is “Satisfying Customers throughout the Supply Chain.” For more details from the U.K.-based organizers, contact: Giovanna Giuliodori, CRU Events, www.crugroup.com; tel. 44-20-7903-2444.

June 7-11, 2008: Wire Expo 2008 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. To be held at the Pittsburgh Convention Center, this event incorporates: the Wire Expo trade exposition, the technical program and the WAI’s 78th Annual Convention. The event addresses ferrous/nonferrous manufacturing, and electrical, data and voice segments as well as wire forming and related wire and wire products. Contact: WAI, tel.

203-453-2777; fax 203-453-8384; www.wirenet.org.

June 23-26, 2008: 9th China (Guangzhou) International Platemetal, Tubing, Bar, Wire & Setting Equipment Exhibition GuangZhou, China. This event will be held at the China

8 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Import and Export Fair Pazhou Complex, the biggest exhibition centre in the world. It also includes spring and fastener equipment. Contact: Mei Wen, Guangzhou Julang Exhibition Design Co., Ltd., tel. 86-13902266275; e-mail meiwen@ julang.com.cn; Internet www.julang.com.cn.

September 23-26, 2008: wire China Shanghai, China. wire China, The All China - International Wire and Cable Industry Trade Fair, organized by Messe Düsseldorf China Ltd. and SECRI Shanghai Electric Cable Research Institute, will be held at the Shanghai New International Exhibition Center. Contact: Messe Düsseldorf North America, tel. 312-781-5180; fax 312-781-5188; e-mail info@mdna.com; Internet www.mdna.com.

October 15-17, 2008: Spring World 2008 Rosemont, Illinois, USA. To be held at the Donald E. Stephens Convention Center, this event is sponsored by the Chicago Association of Spring Manufacturers (CASMI). Contact: Tom Renk, tel. 847-433-1335; fax 847-433-3769; e-mail info @casmi.org; Internet www.casmi.org.

November 9-12, 2008: 57th IWCS™ Conference and Symposium Providence, Rhode Island, USA. The IWCS will return to the Rhode Island Convention Center. for its 57th IWCS Conference Internet www.iwcs.org; admin@iwcs.org; tel. 732-389-0990.

November 20-22, 2008: Wire & Cable India 2008 Mumbai, India. Contact: Cheryl Fernandes, Business Fairs, Confederation of Indian Industry, tel. 91-22-24931790, ext.

470; fax 91-22-24939463; Internet www.ciionline.org.

April 25-30, 2009: Interwire 2009 Cleveland, Ohio, USA. To be held at the International Exposition Center (I-X Center), Interwire incorporates: Interwire Trade Exposition, the technical program and the WAI’s 79th Annual Convention. It addresses ferrous and nonferrous manufacturing, and electrical/data/voice segments as well as wire forming and related wire and wire products.

Contact: WAI, tel. 203-453-2777; fax 203-453-8384; www.wirenet.org. ■

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WIRE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL EVENTS For more information about these events, contact the WAI, Guilford, CT 06437-0578, USA. Tel. 203-453-2777; fax 203-453-8384; Internet www.wirenet.org.

January 17-18, 2008: Wires in Automotive Applications Pune, India. See main listing.

January 30, 2008: Western Chapter Dinner Meeting Anaheim, California, USA. The Western Chapter’s continuing Educational Speaker Series and Dinner, will feature a presentation by Joseph B. Kain. Contact Michael Howard, Coast Wire & Plastic Tech., Inc., or call him at tel. 310-6399473, or WAI’s Chip Marsh or call him at tel. 203-4531748.

January 31, 2008: New England Chapter 14th Annual Meeting Uncasville, Connecticut, USA. The WAI New England Chapter will return to the Mohegan Sun Resort Conference Center for its 14th Annual Meeting. Contact WAI’s Chip Marsh for more details, or call him at tel. 203-453-1748.

June 7-11, 2008: Wire Expo 2008 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. To be held at the Lawrence Convention Center, this event incorporates: the Wire Expo trade exposition, the technical program and the WAI’s 78th Annual Convention. The event addresses ferrous/nonferrous manufacturing, and electrical, data and voice segments as well as wire forming and related wire and wire products. Contact: WAI, tel. 203-453-2777; fax 203453-8384; www.wirenet.org.

October 19-23, 2008: ITC Mexico Monterrey, Mexico. To be held at the Crown Plaza Monterrey, this WAI ITC includes a technical conference, tabletop exhibits, a plant tour and networking opportunities.

Contact: WAI, tel. 203-453-2777; fax 203-453-8384; www.wirenet.org.

April 25-30, 2009: Interwire 2009 Cleveland, Ohio, USA. To be held at the International Exposition Center (I-X Center), Interwire incorporates: Interwire Trade Exposition, the technical program and the WAI’s 79th Annual Convention.

JANUARY 2008 9

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Industry News Lincoln Electric enters joint venture with Chinese company U.S.-based Lincoln Electric announced that it has entered into a joint venture with Zhengzhou Heli Welding Materials Co., Ltd., a privately held manufacturer of subarc flux based in Zhengzhou, China.

The joint venture will manufacture

subarc flux and subarc wire in Zhengzhou, a press release said. It noted that annual sales for Zhengzhou Heli are approximately $8 million.

“This acquisition will fill a gap in Lincoln's offerings in the Far East with locally manufactured submerged arc

Alcatel-Lucent to link East Africa to the Gulf A co-venture by France’s Alcatel and U.S.’s Lucent Technologies announced that it has signed an $82 million deal with a Kenyan-led consortium to build a fiber optic cable linking East Africa to the Gulf.

A press release said that the 4,900km cable to be set up by AlcatelLucent and the East Africa Marine System Ltd. (TEAMS) consortium will link the Kenyan port of Mombasa with Fujairah in the Gulf of Oman, United Arab Emirates. The cable will serve several countries including the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia and Somalia, it said.

“Such high speed communications links will support the business community's investment in outsourcing services which are becoming increasingly popular in Kenya,” said Bitange Ndemo, permanent secretary in Kenya's information ministry.

The release said that network installation is scheduled for completion by the end of the first quarter of 2009,

with the Kenyan government having a 20-percent stake, Abu Dhabi-based Etisalat a 15-percent stake and the remainder open to bids from neighboring states.

In November, five lenders, including the World Bank and the African Development Bank pledged $70.7 million dollars for the construction of another 23-nation East Africa Submarine System (EASSy) cable that will run from South Africa to Sudan, the release said. The remaining $164 million will be contributed by 25 private telecom firms that will operate the 10,000-km-long EASSy cable from South Africa to Sudan, it said.

African countries, the release said, spend about $400 million a year on routing voice and data traffic through the expensive bandwidth away from and back to Africa through Europe and North America. It noted that only 2.5 percent of Africans have Internet access compared to 17.8 percent in the rest of the world.

wire and flux,” said Lincoln Electric Chairman and CEO John Stropki.

Zhengzhou Heli was described as holding “a leading position in flux for the submerged arc welding process within the Chinese domestic market.”

Kobe Steel reports joint venture in China Japan’s Kobe Steel, Ltd. announced that it has established a joint venture called Kobe Special Steel Wire Products (Pinghu) Co., Ltd. to process special steel wire rod in Pinghu, Zhejiang Province in China.

A press release said that the joint venture will turn special steel wire rod into cold heading quality (CHQ) steel wire for use in high strength nuts and bolts, which are critical parts in automobiles. The processed wire will be supplied to Japanese automotive parts manufacturers in China and plans call for the new company, which will start production in April 2009, to have a production capacity of 2,100 metric tons per month, it said.

The venture is 50% owned by Kobe Steel, 30% by trading firm Shinsho Corporation and 10% each by Japanese secondary steel processors Osaka Seiko Co., Ltd., and Meihoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., the release said. The joint venture will have about 80 employees.

Nexans reports 5-year, US$82 million extension to Canadian cable contract Nexans announced that it has signed a five-year extension with BC Hydro, an electric utility for the Canadian province of British Columbia, to continue supplying utility cable and wire.

The deal, estimated to be worth approximately US$82 million, “further extends the long-standing relationship established in 1999, when BC Hydro selected Nexans as its primary supplier

for utility cables and wires,” a press release said. Nexans’ products, it noted, will be used to reinforce the province’s power distribution infrastructure in readiness for the Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, and will also feature in the further expansion of the SkyTrain fully-automated rapid transit system.

Nexans provides BC Hydro with cables, wires and accessories used by the overhead and underground power distribution network throughout British Columbia, as well as service to support the work. The wire and cable, it said, will be made at the Nexans Weyburn plant in southeastern Saskatchewan, and the Fergus plant in Ontario.

Does your company have news that belongs here? E-mail it to the WJI at editorial@wirenet.org.

10 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

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New dates for Interwire 2009 The WAI has rescheduled the dates for Interwire 2009, moving the biennial event from May 2-7, 2009, to April 2530, 2009.

WAI Executive Director Steve Fetteroll explained that the reason for the move was to make it easier for companies that would otherwise be forced to choose between attending Interwire 2009, originally scheduled for May 2-9, and wire Russia 2009. The latter’s show dates were only a week after Interwire and it was felt that moving Interwire to an earlier date would help provide a buffer of sorts, Fetteroll said. “It’s not something we wanted to do, but we thought that it was in the best interest of the industry.”

B3 Cable Solutions plans to acquire cable business from Usha Martin U.K.-based B3 Cable Solutions (B3) announced that it has agreed to acquire UM Cables Ltd., a telecom cable manufacturer, from India’s Usha Martin Ltd., in a deal it said it was expected to complete by the end of this month.

A press release said that UM Cables has some 140 employees and annual revenues of US$60 million, with copper and fiber cable manufacturing facilities in Silvassa and offices in Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore and Delhi.

“This is an important acquisition for B3 Cable Solutions and our second in 12 months,” said B3 Managing Director Steve Ellis. Usha Martin Managing Director Dr. P Bhattacharya said in the release that his company “proposes to concentrate on its core and global business of specialty steel and wire rope.”

Arcelor-Mittal reports investment to expand wire rod capacity in Brazil ArcelorMittal announced that it will invest US$5 billion in operations and maintenance in Brazil that will enable its plant in Monlevade, in Brazil’s Minas Gerais State, to double its production of wire rod.

A press release said that ArcelorMittal, the world’s largest steel producer, will construct a second blast furnace at the Monlevade plant, expand its hot strip mill in Tubarão to four million tons per year and construct a new hot dip galvanizing line in Vega do Sul. “With its close proximity to raw materials, good quality iron ore, a highly skilled workforce and attractive growth prospects, Brazil is a great place to make steel,” ArcelorMittal President and Chief Executive Lakshmi Mittal said. The collective investment will enable the facility to add more than 1 million tons in capacity, the release said. The expansion was described as part of the company’s goal of increasing shipments 20 percent by 2012.

Prysmian reports contracts in China Prysmian Cables & Systems announced that it has won a contract that will require the Italian company to supply cable for several projects, including one in Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Village. See p. 22 for full details.

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The InterWire Group opens Mexico facility U.S.-based InterWire Products (IWP) announced that it has opened a new 30,000-sq-ft facility in Marques, Queretaro, Mexico, to accommodate what it described as significant business growth and demand there for high quality ferrous and nonferrous wire.

“We are very excited to officially open the doors to InterWire Mexico after so many months of preparation,” said IWP President Frank Cardile, Jr. The new IWP facility will be run by General Manager Pete Rosa, who has been with the company for over 15 years and played an important role in managing the growth of the IWP’s Connecticut division.

With the latest addition, which follows a prior expansion in North Carolina, IWP is the largest U.S. distributor of fine quality wire, with a total of 500,000 sq ft of warehousing throughout the U.S. and Mexico, the release said.

Prysmian wins South American power contract Italy’s Prysmian Cables & Systems reports that it is undertaking a new submarine power link in Brazil that it described as “representing a milestone and pioneer project in South America” due to the environmental concerns related to the project.

A press release said that the company will supply the complete submarine interconnection system in three continuous 230kV cable segments – of 4,500 meters each, totaling more than 13 km.

The project, it said, will benefit the entire population on the island of Florianópolis, whose power network is currently fed from the continent through two 138kV circuits installed on the Colombo Salles Bridge. The new power interconnection will assure more reliability to the supply of electric power to the island.

In addition to the 230kV cable circuit, Prysmian will supply a 24 optic fiber submarine cable for the project, which will be used for transmitting

data from Eletrosul, connected to an OPGW cable (optical ground wire cable) at both ends. The power cable life span is expected to exceed 40 years, whereas no kind of preventive maintenance will be required during that period.

The project calls for special attention to environmental concerns related to the unique and valuable characteristics of the area, the release said. Prysmian, together with Eletrosul, performed detailed studies to assess possible changes to the original environment, strictly necessary for installing the line.

To make sure that the work will not cause any damage to marine populations, a team of Eletrosul’s environmental department will also monitor the installation of the cables when they are launched and buried in the seabed.

Prysmian notes that this project is a unique opportunity being the first of this kind in South America.

Rolled Metal Products acquires Torrington Brass & Steel U.S.-based Rolled Metal Products announced that it has acquired Torrington Brass & Steel, a manufacturer of products that include wire, from The Interwire Group.

Torrington Brass & Steel has a 52,000-sq-ft plant in Torrington, Connecticut, for customers primarily in New England with slit and edge conditioned stainless and high carbon steel as well as copper and brass wire and coil, a press release said.

“Torrington adds a new dimension to our organization by allowing us to better serve national accounts that prefer the convenience of suppliers with multiple plant locations,” said Peter McGuire, general manager of Rolled Metal Products' (RMP) Torrington plant. “It also allows us to expand deeper into the northeast and New England markets while adding copper and brass wire and coil to our product line.”

The release noted that the Torrington plant opened in 1965 when it was owned by Robert Brigham. In 1983, ownership passed to Tom Desjardins and John Murphy in an executive buyout.

The plant became part of Interwire in 1997, the release said. In addition to its Torrington facility, Rolled Metal Products specializes in stocking and processing stainless steel and aluminum coil products.

WireCo WorldGroup reports acquisition of U.S. Reel Corporation U.S.-based WireCo WorldGroup announced that it has completed the acquisition of US Reel Corporation (US Reel), a U.S. supplier of highquality wood reels serving key customers in the Midwestern U. S. WireCo plans to grow the business while assuring itself of a long-term, cost-competitive source for its primary packaging method, a press release said.

It noted that U.S. Reel, based in Carrollton, Missouri, and a closely held entity under the management of

12 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Roger Moore, “has been the primary supplier of wood reels to WireCo for many years and has an outstanding reputation for excellent service and superior quality US Reel has been a valued supplier to us for many years and we wanted to facilitate an orderly transition for the company,” said WireCo CEO Ira Glazer.

No personnel changes are anticipated at this time, the release said. Moore plans to phase out of his role next year, but will be available to consult with

WireCo as needed, it said. “With this change, US Reel will have access to additional capital which can spur more growth and provide security for my valued employees,” Moore said in the release.

Based in Kansas City, Missouri, with some 1,800 employees and operations in the U.S., Germany, Canada and Mexico, WireCo notes that it is the only major wire rope manufacturer to be API certified, QPL Qualified, and ISO-9001:2000 registered.

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The Intertek Group relocates its wire and cable testing lab to Texas Intertek Group has relocated its wire and cable fire testing operations from its Cortland, New York, laboratory to its Fire and Flammability Center of Excellence in San Antonio, Texas, a move that it said centralizes all wire and cable testing operations in the 50,000 sq-ft laboratory.

Intertek’s San Antonio laboratory

conducts fire and flammability testing on products ranging from wire and cable, life safety and security products, and mattresses, to wall systems and materials. The laboratory, situated on 73 acres, is equipped to handle virtually any size fire resistance, flammability or flame spread testing project, the release said.

Fire and flammability testing for all cabling products will be managed by Deg Priest, Director of Operations in San Antonio, the release said. It noted that he has over 30 years experience with fire and flammability testing, and that he designed and built the Steiner

Beta Steel merges its operations with MNP Corporation U.S.-based Beta Steel, LLC, reports that it has merged its operations with the Steel & Wire Division of MNP Corporation, with operations doing business under the Beta Steel name.

Both companies are based in Utica, Michigan, and the new entity will have sales offices there as well as in Chicago, Illinois, and Cleveland, Ohio, and manufacturing and warehouses and distributions points in Detroit and Utica, Michigan, and Rockford, Illinois.

The MNP group of affiliated companies, including Beta Steel, is involved in fastener manufacturing, primarily for automotive and industrial applications, fastener distribution, steel processing and steel distribution, including rod, wire and flat rolled steel.

MNP makes and distributes steel fasteners for sectors that include automotive, commercial, industrial and spe-

Amaral to rep for Rosendahl Nextrom Austria-based Rosendahl Nextrom Technologies announced that Amaral Automation will serve as its northeast representative, covering the Eastern Pennsylvania/New Jersey region thru the New England states.

Amaral Automation, headed by Rick Amaral, will provide service for equipment from Rosendahl, which supplies extrusion, SZ stranding and welding and corrugating equipment for the fiber optic, coaxial, high temp and datacom, automotive and power and building wire sectors, a press release said. It can be contacted at tel. 401-405-0755, rickamaral@cox.net.

16 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

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Fushi International to invest in Copperweld China’s Fushi International, Inc., announced that it plans to invest approximately $3.2 million in new machinery for its Copperweld Bimetallics facility in Fayetteville, Tennessee that it recently bought.

Fushi, a manufacturer of bimetallic wire used in a variety of telecom, automotive, utility and other industrial products, said in a press release that the equipment “will enable the drawing, bunching and stranding of CCA (copper-clad aluminum) wire for the rapidly growing energy sector. It will bolster Copperweld’s ability to manufacture a wider array of finished goods directly and allow them to discontinue outsourcing some phases of their production to other companies.”

The Fayetteville operation is expected to serve as an important contributor to Fushi’s future growth, which is why the investment in new machinery comes just one month after the pur-

chase of Copperweld Bimetallics LLC, the release said. “By expanding our product line we will reverse some of the value migration we have experienced here in years past,” said Fushi COO Chris Finley. “Fushi management in China wants the Tennessee facility to grow its operation and move further along the value-added supply chain.

Adding these new capabilities will make us a stronger competitor and allow us to offer a more diverse product line in a number of very important strategic markets” The release noted that Fushi’s facility in Dalian, China, which specializes in CCA, can draw bimetallic wire down to as small as 0.03 mm.

The new machinery, to be operational in the second quarter of 2008, is significant because it follows a trade mission made to China by Tennessee Gov. Phil Bredesen, who met with Fushi leadership, the release said.

Morgan: upgrade good for ArcelorMittal plant U.S.-based Morgan Construction Company reported successful No-Twist Mill® (NTM) guide upgrades at its ArcelorMittal Georgetown steel plant in Georgetown, South Carolina.

In a press release, Rolling Mill Division Manager Danie Devapiriam said that the plant had been experiencing many delays and cobbles in the NTM utilizing outdated equipment.

“After the upgrade of the static receiving guides and mounting, and the Xclamp roller entry guide system

(including the guides, mountings, and precision optical alignment equipment) we have seen significant reductions in the cobble rate as well as improved product tolerance and the reduction of flutter in the mill. Overall we have experienced better-than-expected performance and benefits from this upgrade over the past five months.”

ArcelorMittal Georgetown is owned

by ArcelorMittal, the world’s largest steel producer.

Rautomead supplies 2nd caster for Lamifil Scotland’s Rautomead reports that it has supplied a new RS Upwards Vertical casting machine for 30 mm copper-magnesium rod at Lamifil, Belgium. A press release said that the new system is similar to one that Rautomead previously installed at Lamifil, which manufactures conductor wires and trolley wire for railways.

“Our association with Rautomead and their upwards vertical casting technology goes back ten years when we installed our first machine at Hemiksem,” said Lamifil Managing Dir. Charly Verheyden. The Rautomead technology can process the coppermagnesium, a preferred alloyed-copper for high-speed rail applications, that is not easy to produce, he said.

Channel Prime to rep for Teknor Apex TPEs The Thermoplastic Elastomer Division of Teknor Apex Company has named Channel Prime Alliance LLC (CPA) to distribute its thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) compounds in the U.S. and Canada.

“CPA has extensive experience in the markets served by Teknor Apex, many of them promising continued strong growth for our TPE products,” said Andy Claytor, Teknor Apex sales manager for TPEs. CPA’s Joe Muhs said that the agreement extends CPA’s capabilities beyond its broad range of rigid thermoplastics to include a wide variety of softer TPE products.

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CommScope okay on Andrews Corp. acquisition requires a divestiture U.S.-based CommScope, Inc., a supplier of infrastructure solutions for communications networks, announced that it has reached an agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) that will allow it to complete its proposed $2.6 billion acquisition of Andrew Corporation that it announced in June.

A press release said that, per an agree-

ment with the DOJ, “the companies will be required to divest certain non-core assets, including Andrew’s non-controlling minority interest in Andes Industries, Inc., a supplier of last-mile products for broadband communications networks, and other related assets.”

The release noted that CommScope and a subsidiary of Andes, PCT

International Corp., are two of only four companies that make the coaxial cable used by cable television companies.

CommScope has already been cleared by the European Commission as well as other required authorities and Andrew stockholders, it said. ■

TELE-FONIKA updates int’l status, reports new offices, names Poland’s TELE-FONIKA reported establishing offices in Hungry, Slovenia and Slovakia as well as several name changes, as follows.

During the summer, TELE-FONIKA Kábel KFT was established in Hungary with its registered office in Budapest. The company conducts sales to customers and its warehouse is located in the southern part of the city, near a highway. The managing directors are Sandor Lengel and Krzysztof £ukaszewski. TELE-FONIKA Kabli d.o.o. was established in Slovenia, with its registered office in Ptuj (30 km from Maribor in the direction of Zagreb).

In October, TELE-FONIKA Kable Slovakia, s.r.o. was established in Slovakia with its registered office near Bratislava. The company has a hall with a warehouse with high storage capacity and has commenced trade activity.

Two name changes were made. The company’s subsidiary in the Czech Republic, was changed from Until to TELE-FONIKA Kabely CZ s.r.o. Its registered office is in Zábøeh in Moravia.

The company distributes TELEFONIKA’s products to the Czech market.

Ferromontane Distribution, a French distributor, changed its name to TELEFONIKA France. The company’s registered office is located in Longvic near Dijon and it has warehouses located in Longvic, Toulouse and Lille.

Also, on November 1, TELE-FONIKA Kable S.A. was registered as the 100% owner of the Ukrainian subsidiary TF Kabel JSC, a company founded in 2000 in Kiev in Ukraine. Previously, TELEFONIKA Kable S.A. had owned 49% of the shares. The company is active in the Ukraine and Kazakhstan.

JANUARY 2008 21

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Asian Focus Asian Focus Asia news brief

Arcelor-Mittal: India acquisitions better than greenfields

Prysmian contract calls for it to supply power cables to China for 2008 Olympic Village site Prysmian Cables & Systems announced that it has won a contract that will require the Italian company to supply cable for several projects, including one in Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Village.

A press release said that Prysmian has won two tenders organized by China State Grid, that comprise four projects. Prysmian will supply high voltage energy cables for new key power transmission links in China, in areas such as Beijing (2008 Olympic Village), Shanghai city, Fujian province, Hubei, it said. The total orders, it noted, include 136 km of 220 kV cables and related accessories.

“The total value of these contracts is approximately US$37 million,” said Paolo Bazzoni, who was recently named as CEO Prysmian China. “We consider this achievement strategic for the further reinforcement of Prysmian’s presence in China, particularly in high value-added segments we are strongly targeting (high voltage and industrial cables, cables for the renewable energy sector and for the OGP sector), also using our increased capacity currently under construction”. The contract includes the: • Shanghai PSB HV Power Transmission Project. This project goes from Shanghai city to Chong Ming and to Jiangsu. This project was contracted by the State Grid and Shanghai PSB and all the bridges will be constructed by Ministry of Transportation. The total demand of 220 kV cables for this project is approximately 400 Km (the longest power link with 220 kV cables in China). The project is expected to be finished by 2009 and will be managed and operated by Shanghai Municipal Government. The tender won by Prysmian includes approximately 57 Km of 220 kV cables and related accessories.

• Beijing PSB Olympic Village to Bajia 220 kV power transmission project. This is part of the 2008 Beijing Olympic project. Prymsian will supply 20 Km of 220 kV cables and related accessories.

• The Fujian Province Fuzhou to Fengban 220 kV I,II project. This is the one of the most important projects in Fujian. Prysmian will supply 19 Km of 220 kV cables and related accessories.

• Hubei PSB Qingshan to Beiyangqiao 220 kV power transmission project. Prysmian has won a tender for the supply of 40 Km of 220 kV cables and related accessories. This is the biggest single project of this kind ever won by Prysmian in China.

The purpose of this project is also to serve the state-owned Wuhan Iron and Steel Corp.

Prysmian notes that, in China, it operates through companies with around 1000 people employed and plants in Tianjin (industrial cables), Baoying in Jiangsu Province (high voltage cables and systems), and Wuxi, also in Jiangsu, (fiber optic and copper cables for telecom).

The CEO of Arcelor-Mittal, the world’s largest steel company, believes that growth in India can best be achieved through acquisitions rather than organic (greenfield) opportunities, India’s Economic Times reports.

“In India, we hardly have any opportunity to grow organically and we are considering purchases that will enable us to participate in the growth process of this country (India),” the article quoted CEO Lakshmi Mittal as saying in the Spanish daily Gaceta de los Negocios.

The article notes that work has yet to

22 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

begin at two large greenfield projects announced by Mittal in 2005 and 2006.

“We have always focused our strategy on the emerging markets, which is where the real opportunities (exist).

India and China are the two main (markets)... we have big plans for both, but different strategies," Mittal was quoted as saying. While India offers much potential, the combination of its bureaucracy and democractic basis that permits local protests, can make it far more difficult to carry out a greenfield than in China, the article said.

New Cessna to be flying high—and built in China Another U.S.-China first took flight recently when Textron Inc.’s Cessna Aircraft Co. business said that it will become the first U.S. manufacturer to turn over complete production of an airplane to a Chinese partner.

An article in the Wall Street Journal reported that China’s state-owned Shenyang Aircraft Corp. will build the new Cessna 162 SkyCatcher at its factory in Shenyang, China, with first planes completed in late 2009. The singleengine, two-seat airplane, which will be the smallest in Cessna’s product line, is designed for training and the light-sport market for recreational fliers.

The move was made for a number reasons. One cited in the WSJ article was the hopes that there would be more buyers for a new plane that costs about US$110,000. Lewis Campbell, Textron’s chairman and chief executive, was cited as saying that making the plane in China would enable Cessna to sell the airplane for $71,000 less than it would at its factories in the U.S. The move also positions Cessna to play a larger role in the developing privateand corporate-aviation market in

China.“This will give us a foothold into a market that will expand over the next 10 to 20 years,” he said.

The WSJ article notes that Cessna has already reported plane orders from some training schools in China, and that total advance sales were close to 900 SkyCatchers.

While major plane makers such as Boeing Co. and Airbus do have Chinese manufacturers build some parts

for their planes, neither has had such suppliers produce an entire product line, the article said. The Chinese plane, to be designed in the U.S., will include engines and electronics from Teledyne Continental Motors and Garmin Ltd. in the U.S. that will be shipped to China for installation and test flights. Airplanes destined for delivery in the U.S. and elsewhere will be partially dismantled for shipping and reassembled at approved Cessna locations.

Have news that belongs here? If so, e-mail it to editorial@wirenet.org.

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As production goes up in China and India, so does need for coal This story does not directly affect the wire and cable industry, but it’s a topic that impacts industry as well as society because there is no avoiding the overwhelming global need for power.

Reuters reports that the Asian market of Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Philippines, India and Pakistan accounts for over half of global coal demand. ABARE, an economic research body, notes that China, which has been building coal-fired power plants at a rate of one a week, has seen a dramatic fall in its net coal exports. China was expected to turn into a net importer of 49 million tons this year. India, the world's third-largest coal producer, was expected to import 31 million tons in 2008, it said. ''(India and China) are going to get richer and will face issues that are similar to Western Europe and the U.S. on environmental challenges,'' such as nuclear and wind, John Krenicki, president of GE Energy. said in an interview with The Associated Press.

AP reported that worldwide demand for coal is projected to rise

by about 60 percent through 2030 to 6.9 billion tons a year, most of it going to electrical power plants.

Top grades of bituminous coals (coking coals) are used to make coke for the steelmaking process.

The problem is not a lack of coal.

U.S.’s Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that total recoverable reserves of coal around the world are 998 billion tons, a figure that in 1990 was estimated at 1,174 billion tons.

About two-thirds of the world’s recoverable coal deposits are in four countries: the U.S. (27%), Russia (17%), China

(13%) and India (10%).

Rising coal demand is half of the equation, but the other half is that increased coal-burning is contributing to global warming and is linked to environmental and health issues ranging from acid rain to asthma.

Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of energy output from coal (43%) are greater than those from oil (36%) or natural gas (21%), ABARE said. It noted that coal, now the second-largest fuel source of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions (behind oil), accounting for 39 percent of the world total in 2004, is projected to become the world’s largest such source by 2010.

Coal, however, remains the ready answer to immediate needs. ''India and China need cleaner coal technology ... that is the technology they are going to use for generating power, whether the rest of the world likes it or not. That's the only fuel that they can afford at the moment,'' said Anil Razdan, secretary of the Indian Ministry of Power. ■

Ed Harrington, Quality & Service Supervisor Ed has worked on Micro-Weld butt welders for over 28 years.

Thanks to his experience and team of professionals, all Micro-Weld butt welders are built and checked to ensure they meet our design specs and rigid quality standards before they leave the factory.

That’s why Micro-Weld butt welders offer quality, dependability, and long life for processing wire, rod or cable.

For more information on Micro-Weld butt welders, call 1- 800 - 872 -10 68.

JANUARY 2008 23

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People RichardsApex Inc. announced a number of key personnel changes in a realignment of upper management.

Drew Richards has been named CEO, David Richards is COO and Chris Davis is CFO. David Richards will also serve as Chairman of the Board of Directors, Drew Richards as Vice Chairman and Chris Davis as Secretary.

Davis will also take on the roles of Chairman of the Board of both RichardsApex subsidiaries, RichardsApex AustralAsia and RichardsApex Europe. John H. Richards III will continue his duties at RichardsApex in the role of Director. The company also announced the reappointment of John H. Richards III and

George W. (Dick) Richards III to the Board of Directors.

Based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, RichardsApex Inc., founded 106 years ago, supplies manufacturing lubricants, cleaners and coatings to the wire and cable industry.

The Extrusion Systems group of Davis-Standard, LLC, has promoted John Zachow to Vice President– Wire & Cable Systems. He has been with Davis-Standard since 1998, handling international sales and key accounts as senior sales engineer, systems sales engineer, business manager and business director.

He will be responsible for all sales and product management activities related to Davis-

24 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Standard’s wire and cable business. Based in Pawcatuck, Connecticut, USA, DavisStandard, LLC, supplies extrusion technology to sectors that include wire and cable.

Jan Pieters has been named the head of the Garphyttan Wire division. He had been president of Fagersta Stainless Steel AB since 2000 and has substantial experience both in steel and international operations. He succeeds Ulf Melin, who has left the company. Part of Sweden’s Haldex Group and based in Stockholm, Garphyttan Wire manufactures advanced spring wire from various alloys, with combustion engines and transmissions as the primary markets.

NUMAMERICA, Inc reported two personnel items.

John Griffin has been promoted to Technical Services Supervisor. He has 10 years of experience servicing the company’s CNC wire and tube forming machinery and will be responsible for servicing exist-

John Griffin

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ing machines, commissioning new machinery and training of new field service technicians as well as overseeing the company’s spare parts inventory and providing back-up support in all machine-related areas. In related news, the company also has named Christian Leon as a new Field Service Technician. He has a background of electronics schooling and field service experience in the welding equip-

Christian Leon

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ment field. Following factory training, he will gain additional machine training working closely with Griffin in the field. Based in Davenport, Iowa, USA and the subsidiary of France’s NUMALLIANCE, NUMAMERICA, Inc., sells and supports the company’s Latour and Macsoft CNC wire and tube forming models.

Mark Dew has joined the Rosendahl Nextrom Technology service group as a service engineer. He will be based in its Conover, North Carolina (USA) office. He has experience on a variety of extrusion and cabling lines and will work on both Rosendahl and Nextrom supplied lines. Based in Conover, North Carolina, USA, Rosendahl Nextrom Technology provides sales and service to equipment for both companies. ■

Obituary Retired industry veteran M. Edward Fenton, a long-time resident of Rome, New York, and Lake Monticello, Virginia, died Nov. 14, 2007, at age 79.

Fenton began his career at

M. Edward Fenton

Rome Cable Corp, later joining Camden Wire Co. in the 1960s. His final position at Camden Wire was as Vice

President, Finance, after which he continued as an industry consultant, working withAmercable and Spargo Wire Co., among others. He lived in Rome, NY, for 59 years before retiring to Virginia. He served in the U.S. Marine Corps from 1946-1948 and received a degree in accounting from Bryant College in 1951.

He is survived by his wife, Rose Louise Schneible Fenton; and three children: Edward Fenton, Jr., the chairman of the Wire & Cable Manufacturers Alliance, Inc.; Laurie Fenton Ambrose, and Andrew Scott Fenton; a brother, Frederick Fenton, and sister, Rita Koronowski. He was predeceased by a brother, Richard, a former Camden Wire plant superintendent.

JANUARY 2008 25

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Fiber Watch Leoni expands fiber optics business Leoni announced that it has expanded its fiber optics business through the acquisition of FiberTech GmbH, a Germany-based company described as being among Europe’s leading providers of high-quality special glass fibers and complete fiber optic systems for laser beam transmission.

A press release said that Leoni has acquired 90.2 percent of the shares of FiberTech, whose products are used, among other areas, in medical equipment as well as in industrial applications. “By acquiring this fiber specialist, Leoni … will now be able to offer a unique product range to cover widely differing applications along each link in the value chain: from the fiber to the cables and the related components, and through to designing and setting up glass fiber cable networks.”

Specifically, the deal will extend Germany-based Leoni’s expertise in the field of special fibers, the release said. It noted that FiberTech makes special probes for laser medical technology as well as “technologically sophisticated

products (that) are used in the materials processing industry, in defense and aviation engineering as well as in biotechnology and astrophysics.”

Founded in 1995, FiberTech has a strong competitive position in Europe as well as access to the U.S. market, with required FDA approval for medical products, the release said.

FiberTech has some 50 employees and its 2007 fiscal year revenues are projected to be about US$5 million. It is based in Berlin as well as in Brandenburg (formerly Baden-Württemberg) through its affiliate BTO. It has branches in North America as well as representatives in Poland, Israel and China.

At its website, FiberTech notes that it exclusively produces “multi-mode fibers (step index and graded index) with a core diameter from 10µm to 2000µm.

Various numeric apertures, coatings and jackets are matter of fact. High-efficient fiber bundles, fiber tapers and sidelight fibers do of course belong to our range of products.”

South Africa okays undersea cable South Africa has given the go-ahead for the construction of Seacom, an undersea broadband cable project that will link South Africa, east African countries and India as well as Europe.

Stephen Laufer, a Seacom spokesperson, said that the link would run from Mtunzini on the KwaZulu-Natal province’s far north coast to Mumbai in India, via Mozambique, Madagascar, Kenya, and Tanzania, reported The Economic Times of India. The system would also branch off via the Red and Mediterranean Seas to Marseilles in France, it said.

“Actual production of Seacom’s hightech cable and undersea repeaters starts next week. The link will provide an enormous one-point-two-eight Terrabytes per second of broadband capacity,” The project had been in question early

26 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

in November after the South African government reportedly insisted that the country should hold 50 percent of the shares, the report said.

South Africa’s Minister of Communications, Ivy Matsepe Casaburri, had been reported as saying that she had mandated the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa to ensure there was no unfair competition relating to the use of undersea cables. She had also made it clear that any undersea cable landing in South Africa must be majority South Africanowned.

Laufer was quoted as saying in the report that all the countries involved would have a share in the project. He also said that the goal was to get the project underway and working by 2009.

Corning reports its first sale of ‘bendable’ fiber Corning Cable Systems LLC reports that Connexion Technologies, which is deploying fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) networks on a wide scale across the U.S., has made the first purchase of Corning’s ClearCurve™ drop cable.

A press release said that Connexion Technologies previously deployed ClearCurve products in a West Palm Beach MDU field trial. “Because of the deployment cost savings, (it) chose to purchase the products for future installs,” it said.

The ClearCurve drop cable, 4.8 mm in diameter, is designed for applications where other physical cable protection, such as microduct, is neither available nor desired, the release said.

It has a self-bend-limiting feature that prevents the optical fiber from exceeding the 5 mm minimum bend radius no matter how the cable is bent, so “the cable can be handled in any way that copper communication cables are handled, such as pulling through wall studs and stapling to wood,” it said.

“During our field trials, we saw firsthand the ease and speed of installation of the ClearCurve Drop Cable,” said Connexion Technologies founder Glen Lang. “With this technology, we were able to realize at least a 30-percent time savings, in addition to material savings such as ducts.”

“We are excited about this first sale of our ClearCurve product offering and the impact the technology will have on the FTTH industry,” said Bernhard Deutsch, director of marketing and market development for Corning Cable Systems, a part of Corning Incorporated’s telecom segment.

Based in Cary, North Carolina, Connexion Technologies designs, builds and operates FTTH networks, with 17 offices located throughout the U.S. ■

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Fastener Update UID program offers practical distribution education The University of Industrial Distribution (UID), a program sponsored by distribution associations in cooperation through the University of Alabama at Birmingham, will be held March 2-5, 2008, at The University Place Conference Center & Hotel in Indianapolis, Indiana.

The 2008 UID will mark the 15th year the program has been held for the distribution industry, a press release said. During that timeframe, more than 5,000 distributors and manufacturing professionals have attended the event, which offers a course curriculum that allows individuals to select courses and programs of study most beneficial to the individual and organization.

Elements include: Creating a Winning Marketing Plan; Improving the Distributor’s Bottom Line;

Breakthrough Strategy: Rapid Cycle Progress; Five Fundamentals of Sales Management; Solution Based Selling; Productivity Tactics for Branch Managers; Negotiation Skills for Distributors; Fundamental Business Skills and Leadership Training For Today’s Distribution Branch Manager; Branch & Operations Management for Distributors; From Dull to Dynamic: Transforming Your Presentations; The Power of the Spoken Word; Leadership and Delegation for Distribution Managers; Improving Order Economics; Managing the Account Portfolio; Marketing & Pricing Strategies; Creating Competitive Advantage Through Total Cost Savings; Branchising; How Distributors and Manufacturers Make Money; Achieving Advanced Inventory

Management; Sales Planning for Industrial Distributors; Creating Channel Alignment; Fundamentals of Purchasing; Planning and Managing the Distributorship for Greater Profits; Hiring the Right Salespeople; and Improving Profitability thru Joint Sales Calls.

The event is designed for distributor employees in middle management; production and upper management; and manufacturer employees in regional sales, distribution sales and marketing management. UID students can apply their course work toward earning the Professional Certificate in Industrial Distribution awarded by Purdue University.

The organizers note that the course size is limited. For more details, go to http://www.univid.org/. ■

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WAI 2008: Report to members The following Report to Members is intended to provide an overview of the Association’s activities during the 2007 year as well as a look forward. It addresses many, but not all, key elements of the operation.

The Wire Association International, Inc. (WAI) is a not-for-profit corporation registered in the state of Connecticut. WAI’s mission is to serve the technical, manufacturing and general business segments of the global wire and cable industry. WAI’s oper-

“.. exhibitors reported an 89% satisfaction rating with regard to quality of attendees.” ations involve activities including, but not limited to, membership, educational products, and the Interwire Trade Exposition. In addition, WAI operates two subsidiaries; The Wire Journal, Inc. (WJI) and WAI Wire and Cable Services Pvt. Ltd. (WCS).

The membership of the Association has stabilized over the past year reflecting the

positive economic state of the world-wide wire and cable industry, the favorable effects of the WCS operation as well as the newly formed Italy Chapter.

At year-end 2007, WAI had 2,462 total members including 317 life members compared to 2,414 total members with 305 life members at this time last year. Although the majority of members (73%) are from the United States, the Association has members in 58 countries around the globe.

Some 1,037 individual members are also members of one or more of the nine chapters. The chapters conduct a wide range of meetings and social activities. In 2007, two of the many noteworthy chapter events were conducted outside of the U.S. The Poland Chapter held a strong technical conference in March, its fourth in eight years, which included an international array of papers. The Italy Chapter was introduced to the Italian wire and cable industry at the 20th anniversary meeting of the Associazione Costruttori Italiani Macchine Per Filo (ACIMAF) in June. As a sign of support for the Chapter and the Association, each member company of ACIMAF designated one employee as an inaugural member of the Italy Chapter.

The Italy Chapter was later recognized as a key supporter of the International Technical Conference that was held in Bologna, Italy, involving valuable participation from

New officers, l-r, of WAI’s Italy Chapter at the ACIMAF meeting: President Giulio Properzi, Continuus-Properzi; Director Ferruccio Bellina, TKT Group; Secretary Paola D’Oria, Continuus; Treasurer Giovanni Lippolis, ACIMAF; and Vice President Andrea Camparada, SAMP SpA SAMPSISTEMI Div.

28 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

many of the founding members. The Conference was the third collaboration involving ACIMAF, CET, IWMA and WAI. The Interwire Trade Exposition is WAI’s largest and most recognized activity. It is also known as the largest wire and cable show in the Americas and it is consistently ranked as one of the largest 200 trade shows in America. In 2007, after calling Atlanta home since the event’s inception, the show was relocated to International Exposition Center (I-X Center) in Cleveland, Ohio.

The move to Cleveland made it easy for the organizers of the International Fastener Exposition to co-locate its event with Interwire. Together the two events involved more than 500 companies and attracted 5,916 total participants, a 14% increase from the standalone 2005 Interwire.

Companies either based in the Midwest or with customers in the region appreciated the change and exhibitors reported an 89% satisfaction rating with regard to quality of attendees.

“Moving Interwire to Cleveland this past year was necessary to ensure that this most important event for the North American wire and cable industry remains vibrant.

My hat goes off to the Exhibition Planning and Conference Programming Committees for their outstanding effort with regard to the planning and preparation, which spanned several years. The results were very positive and we look forward to returning to the Midwest region and the I-X Center in 2009,” said immediate past presi-

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Sharing a moment after the Interwire wire-cutting ceremony were (l-r) IFMSA President Ray Sullivan, Conference Planning Committee Chairman Nick Nickoletopoulos, WAI President Tom Moran and Local Organizing Committee Chairman Paul Pawlikowski.

dent Tom Moran of National-Standard Co. Going forward, Interwire and IFE will both return to the I-X Center in 2009 and then Interwire will return to Atlanta in 2011. The strategy, which was formulated by the Exposition Planning Committee, is to rotate Interwire between regions to better serve the various market segments represented on the exhibition floor.

Wire Journal International continues to effectively provide timely industry news, a wide range of in-depth features and the latest technical information. The magazine’s circulation has remained at 12,000 with readership in 106 countries. 2007 will be remembered for the double digit increase in advertising and the introduction of electronic delivery to international members that often experience prolonged wait for receipt of the printed version.

The January 2007 Wire Journal feature provided a comprehensive listing of the world’s largest cable companies. This unique feature was based on excerpts from a report from U.K.-based Integer Research, and reflects the editorial commitment to provide meaningful content.

WCS has already played in important role in growing the circulation of WJI, which as of press time had 667 subscribers in India and expectations are that there will be more than 1,000 subscribers at this time next year.

The Wire Journal International will soon not be the only means of communicating industry news within India as WCS is expected in the near future to begin publishing a quarterly bulletin. The publication,

Flanking Khun C. Phasukavanich, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Industry, Thailand, at WAI’s booth at wire Southeast Asia, are WAI President Tom Moran and WAI Wire and Cable Services Pvt. Ltd. Managing Director Anand Bhagwat.

Wire Bulletin, has been introduced in a test stage to the key contacts in the Indian market and the reaction has been very positive.

WCS initiated an undergraduate elective course in Wire Technology at the College of Engineering, Pune (COEP). The course was formally approved by the Curriculum

LEADING •CAJOURNAL BLE •COMPANIES •HNOATT•PI ROONDAULCT HOWIRE T •TOPIC •HOT •RIEG N ITOENR LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABTLEO•PCOCMAPBALNEIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •RC EGOIOM N •PHOATN•PIREOSDUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES HOT •TOPIC •HOT •REGION •HOT •PRODUCT LEADING •CABLE •COMPANIES JANUARY 2007

®

w w w. w i r e n e t . o r g

A SPECIAL REPORT

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE WIRE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

Board of the college towards the degree program. It ran from July to November.

WCS’s managing director, Anand Bhagwat, handled the majority of the teaching responsibility, with contributions from Tata Steel, Finolex, and College faculty. The course was attended by 33 students.

WCS has organized an international technical conference to be held in Pune on January 17 and 18, 2008, in collaboration with Department of Metallurgy and Materials

Science, COEP, and the Pune Chapter of Indian Institute of Metals. The conference topic is “Wires in Automotive Applications.” Fifteen to eighteen papers on topics from spring steel to tire cord will be presented at the conference and 100 attendees are expected. The event will also include an Executive Panel discussion on the first day.

“The Board of Directors is very pleased with the fine work being performed by WCS’s managing director Anand Bhagwat.

He has effectively gotten the new subsidiary operational and created the foundation for long-term success,” Tom Moran went on to say. “One of the high points of my year was visiting some of the industry in India with Anand and seeing how well he is received in the industry.”

WAI membership in India stands at 86.

The new “Corporate Support” format was launched in India in October 2007. It allowed “Support” company employees to join WAI at Rs. 500 ($12). Currently, five companies have become “Corporate Supporters,” while eight employees of these companies have taken advantage of the benefit.

As WAI begins the New Year, the Board of Directors will remain focused on the Association’s core activities to ensure the product offerings serve the needs of the industry.

Questions and comments can be directed to President Ron Reed at rreed@wirenet.org or WAI Executive Director Steve Fetteroll at sfetteroll@wirenet.org.

JANUARY 2008 29

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Exhibitors take note:

FREE copy of WAI’s EXHIBITOR’S TIPS Request a

at sales@wirenet.org

Wire Expo 2008.

Photo Courtesy: Bruce S. Cridlebaugh, pghbridges.com

It Connects. It Spans.

It Supports and Sustains.

Exhibits • Full Technical Program • Networking Activities Answers. Results. Solutions.

These three powerful reasons will prompt thousands of wire and cable industry professionals to cross one of the region’s 944 bridges to explore Wire Expo 2008, as America’s Road Show for Wire and Cable visits Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, June 7-11, 2008.

Solutions to manufacturing challenges. Explanations about industry trends.

Clarification about processes or product differentiation. At Wire Expo 2008 your prospects will find the latest industry information.

Photo Courtesy: David L. Lawrence Convention Center

WAI Annual Convention:

Will they find you?

Whether your company’s solutions are tangible products or valued services, your results count. And if you’re a past exhibitor, your accumulated points count too.

So, let your customers and prospects count on seeing you at Wire Expo.

Are you ready to join the hundreds of exhibiting companies that will define the Wire Expo 2008 landscape? See details online at: www.wirenet.org; call WAI at: (001) 203-453-2777; or, if you’ve exhibited at a WAI event before, check your mail for your exhibitor’s package.

June 7-11, 2008 Exhibits:

June 9-11, 2008 Pittsburgh • Pennsylvania David L. Lawrence Convention Center

Wire Expo 2008 is organized by The Wire Association International, Inc. 1570 Boston Post Road • P.O. Box 578 • Guilford, CT 06437-0578 USA Tel.: (001) 203-453-2777 • Fax: (001) 203-453-8384 • Web site: www.wirenet.org

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Wire Expo 2008 Exhibiting Companies as of December 2007

Request a

FREE

copy of WAI’s

EXHIBITOR’S TIPS at sales@wirenet.org

ACIMAF ACM AB AIM Inc. Amacoil Inc. American & Efird Inc. Anbao Wire & Mesh Co. Ltd. A. Appiani Srl Arcelor Mittal Atlantic Wire Co. LLC AXIS Computer Systems Inc. Aztech Lubricants B & H Tool Co. Inc. Baker Division Balloffet Die Corp.

Bao Zhang Galvanized Iron Wire Co., Ltd. Bartell Machinery Systems LLC Base Ten Consulting/Software Inc. Beijing Master Int’l Trading Co. Ltd. Bekaert BESEL BASIM SAN. TIC. LTD. STI. Beta LaserMike Bhansali Stainless Blachford Corp.

Rolf Bock Maschinenfabrik GmbH Bongard Drummond Trading LLC Bonko Inc. Boxy SpA Brookfield Wire Co. Caballe SA Canterbury Engineering Co. Carpenter Technology Corp.

Carris Reels Inc. Cemanco LC CeramTec AG Clifford Welding Systems (Pty) Ltd. Clinton Instrument Co. Cometo Snc Commission Brokers Inc. Condat Corp.

Conneaut Industries Inc. Continuus-Properzi SpA CoorsTek Copperweld Bimetallics LLC Core Furnace Systems Corp.

Cortinovis Machinery of America Inc.

Davis Wire Corp.

Design & Engineering LLC Die Quip Corp.

Donnelly Reels Engineered Machinery Group ERA Wire Inc. Esteves-DWD USA Etna Products Inc. Etna-Bechem Lubricants Ltd. Eurobend SA Eurodraw Energy Spa Eurolls Group George Evans Corp.

Fabritex Inc. Fiber-Line Inc. Filtertech Inc. Fine International Corp.

FMS Force Measuring Systems AG FMS USA Inc. Fort Wayne Wire Die Inc. Frey Group LLC Frontier Composites & Castings Inc. T. Fukase & Co. Ltd. Gauder & Co. SA GCR Eurodraw SpA Gem Gravure Co. Inc. Genca W. Gillies Technologies LLC GMP - Slovakia Rudolf Grauer AG Guill Tool & Engineering Co. Heany Industries Inc. Heatbath Corp.

The Heico Wire Group Henkel Corp.

Heritage Wire Die Inc. Hezel GmbH & Co. KG Gebruder Hilgeland-Nutap GmbH Hitachi America Ltd. Houghton International Inc. Howar Equipment Inc. Huestis Industrial IDEAL Welding Systems Ideal-Werk International Fastener Machinery Suppliers Association (IFMSA) Intras Ltd. Iowa Steel & Wire Italian Trade Commission Jiangyin Kangrui Stainless Steel Products Co. Ltd. JJI Technologies Kamatics Corp.

Kinrei of America Klaus Jakob Messlechnik AG KMK GmbH Ernst Koch GmbH & Co. KG Friedr Krollmann GmbH Kyocera Industrial Ceramics Co. Lamnea Bruk AB LaserLinc Inc.

Laurel Wire Co. Leggett & Platt Wire Group Leoni Wire Inc. Lesmo Machinery America Inc. Lloyd & Bouvier Inc. J.J. Lowe Associates Inc. L-S Industries M + E Macchine + Engineering Srl MacDermid Inc. Madem Reels USA Inc. Madem SA Magnetic Technologies Ltd. Magnus Equipment MAGPOWR Maillefer SA Mapre Belgium SA Mathiasen Machinery Inc. William McCaskie Inc. MGS Manufacturing - The MGS Group The MGS Group - Hall Industries Morgan-Koch Corp.

Mossberg Reel LLC/Boxy Group National Rolled Thread Die Co. National Strand Products Inc. NEPTCO Inc. Nextrom Oy Niagara Composites Industries Inc. Niehoff Endex North America Inc. Northampton Machinery Co. The MGS Group NUMAMERICA/NUMALLIANCE Oklahoma Steel & Wire OM Frigerio OM Lesmo Pannier Corp.

Paramount Die Co. Inc. Parkway-Kew Corp.

Phifer Wire Inc. Pillar Induction Pioneer Machinery Co. Ltd. Pittsfield Plastics Eng. Inc. Plasmait GmbH Plymouth Wire Reels & Dies Inc. Polyone Ets Pourtier Pere & Fils Power Sonics LLC Precision Die Technologies Inc. Premier Wire Die PrintSafe Properzi International Inc. Proton Products Ltd. QED Wire Lines Inc. Queins & Co. GmbH Rad-Con Inc. Radyne Corp.

Rainbow Rubber & Plastics RichardsApex Inc. Rosendahl Maschinen GmbH Rosendahl Nextrom Technologies Roteq Machinery Inc. SAMP USA Inc.

Sanxin Wire Die, Inc. Schlatter Inc. SCOB Paul Schaaf GmbH Sealeze Setic SAS Shuster-Mettler Corp.

SIKORA AG Sikora International Corp.

Simpacks Sirio Wire Srl Sivaco Wire Group SKET Verseilmaschinenbau GmbH Sonoco Crellin Inc. August Strecker GmbH & Co. KG Subec AB Sylvin Technologies Inc. T & T Marketing Inc. TAK Enterprises Inc. Talladega Machinery & Supply Taubensee Steel & Wire Co. Team Meccanica Srl Technical Marketing Services Teurema Thermcraft Inc. Thermoplastics Engineering Corp.

Timco Inc. Traxit North America LLC Tubular Products Co. Tulsa Power LLC Uniwire International Ltd. Urbano Associates US Synthetic Vandor Corporation Venus Wire Ind. Pvt. Ltd. Vitari SpA Vollmer America Inc. Wafios AG Wafios Machinery Corp.

Wardwell Braiding Machine Co. Watson Parts & Service Weber & Scher Mfg. Co. Inc. Wire & Cable Industry Suppliers Association Wire & Cable Technology International Wire & Plastic Machinery Corp.

The Wire Association International Inc. Wire Forming Technology International Wire Harness News Wire Journal International Wire Lab Co. Wire Machine Systems Inc. WireWorld Witels Albert USA Ltd. Witels Apparate - Maschinen Albert GmbH Woodburn Diamond Die Inc. World B.C Co. Ltd. Worth Steel & Machinery Inc. WRCA Wire Wyrepak Industries Inc. Zumbach Electronics Corp.

Wire Expo 2008 is organized by The Wire Association International, Inc. 1570 Boston Post Road • P.O. Box 578 • Guilford, CT 06437-0578 USA Tel.: (001) 203-453-2777 • Fax: (001) 203-453-8384 • Web site: www.wirenet.org

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WAI News 2008 WAI organizational chart Below are the committees/boards and chairmen that will help direct the Association’s range of activities in 2008.

Kenneth Scott, Consultant

Board of Directors Ronald Reed (President) Horizon Wire & Cable

Raj Kumar Tyagi, Assomac Machines Ltd.

Antonio Ayala (1st Vice President) J.J. Lowe Associates Inc.

Andrew Stromer, Southwire Co.

Oversight Committee Dane Armendariz Henkel Surface Technologies

Dane Armendariz (2nd Vice President) Henkel Surface Technologies

Conference Programming Committee Nick Nickoletopoulos, Ivaco Rolling Mills Dane Armendariz, Henkel Surface Tech.

Thomas Moran (Immediate Past President) National Standard Co.

Education Committee Donnie Norton, Phifer Wire Products, Inc.

Eduardo Anaya, Indepa SC

Paper Awards Committee Mike Peacock Delphi Packard Electric Systems

Ferruccio Bellina, TKT Group Kurt Breischaft, Belden Lawrence El-Hindi, Filtertech Inc. Masoud Garshasb Phelps Dodge Copper Products William Jarae, Mittal Steel USA

Member Relations Committee Barry Mosemann, Sikora International Inc. Memorial Awards Committee Scott Higgins, Autac Inc. Publications Committee Donald Schollin, Q-S Technologies Dave Stackpole, Nutmeg Wire

Erik Macs, Fine International Corp.

Exhibition Planning Committee Tony deRosa, Cortinovis America LLC

Malcolm Michael, Australiasian Wire Industry Association (AWIA)

Finance Committee Ron Schenk, RichardsApex, Inc.

Thomas Maxwell, Jr., Die Quip Corp.

Bylaws Committee Paul Pawlikowski Delphi Packard Electric Systems

Nicolas Nickoletopoulos, Ivaco Inc. Ralph Noonan, Etna Products Michael Peacock, Delphi Packard Electric Dominique Perroud, SAMP USA Inc. William Rump Donald Schollin, Q-S Technologies

32 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Nominating Committee Dave Richards, RichardsApex, Inc. Chapters India Chapter Italy Chapter Mid-South Chapter Midwest Chapter Ohio Valley Chapter Poland Chapter Southeast Chapter Western Chapter New England Chapter

Ron Reed

WAI President Ron Reed joined the Wire Association International in 1988, and is serving his second term on the WAI Board of Directors and his first as a member of the Executive Committee.

He was chairman of the Electrical Management Committee, on which he served from 1995 until the recent reorganization. He now is a member of the Executive Committee, the Board of Directors and the Finance Committee. He serves as a liaison to the Education and Paper Awards Committees.

Reed is a charter member of the WAI’s New England Chapter and held positions as both chapter director and president. He has also moderated numerous technical programs for WAI. Reed began in the wire industry in 1983 as controller for Helix Wire Corporation in Leominster, Massachusetts, USA. In 1993 he became division manager for Horizon Wire & Cable, also located in Leominster, where he is now general manager. A former Chairman of the Board of Selectmen in Ashburnham, Massachusetts, he holds a B.S. degree in business administration from Fitchburg State College.

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Ron Reed to serve as 2008 WAI president Ron Reed will serve as WAI president for 2008, succeeding Tom Moran, National Standard Co. Other officers for 2008 include First Vice President Antonio Ayala, J.J. Lowe & Associates; and Second Vice President Dane Armanderiz, Henkel Surface Technologies.

The WAI officers are key to the direction and planning for events, products and services to serve the WAI’s more than 2,400 members.

Steven Fetteroll serves as executive director/secretary and David LaValley is the treasurer.

First Vice President: Antonio Ayala Antonio Ayala is Director, 2001 and since then has been very Latin-America Sales, at active, both as a J.J. Lowe Associates, board/committee member Inc., a position he has and as an event organizer. held since 1998. His He became a member of territories include Mexithe board and Executive co, Central and South Committee in 2005, and America. Prior to joining is currently chairman of J.J. Lowe, he was the Oversight Committee employed by AXA Group as well as Executive Liai(Monterrey, Mexico), son to both the Exhibition Conductores Latincasa Planning and Member (San Luis Potosi, MexiRelations committees. co) and Ericsson (StockAyala taught a short holm, Sweden). course on extrusion in Ayala holds a degree in 2005. In 2004, he chaired Antonio Ayala mechanical and electrical the local committee orgaengineering degree from The Engineernizing the International Technical Coning University at Veracruz, Mexico, as ference (ITC) in Queretaro, Mexico, well as an MBA from Ohio University. and he is now organizing the 2008 ITC Ayala became a WAI member in to be held in Monterrey, Mexico.

Second Vice President: Dane Armendariz Dane Armendariz, a member of the the committee was reorganized. He has Wire Association International since served on the Exhibition Planning 1993, is currently serving Committee and was a his second term as a memmember of the Interwire ber of the Board of DirecSite Evaluation Task tors, and is a member of the Force in 2004.

Executive Committee. He is In addition to serving also Executive Liaison to as Interwire Committee the Oversight Committee, Chairman in 2005, he which he previously served has served on the orgaon. He co-chaired the Connizing committees for ference Programming ComInterwire 99 and Wire mittee and was Chairman Expos 1998 and 2004. of the Suppliers ManageHe also participated in ment Committee, on which the establishment of the he served from 1996 until Ohio Chapter of WAI in Dane Armendariz

2003, is a board member of the chapter, and currently serves as its president A veteran of more than 30 years in the surface treatment industry, Armendariz has worked in the fields of zinc phosphate, specialty coatings, drawing compounds, and most process used in the treatment of ferrous metals.

He works primarily with new processes and environmentally friendly products for the wire, tube and stainless steel industries.

A Pittsburgh native, he holds a B.S. degree in chemistry from the University of Pittsburgh.

Executive Committee and Board of Directors for 2008 In 2008, the WAI Executive Committee will consist of President Ron Reed, Horizon Wire & Cable Co.; First Vice President Antonio Ayala, J.J. Lowe & Associates; Second Vice President Dane Armendariz, Henkel Surface Technologies; Immediate Past President Tom Moran, National Standard Co.; and member Dominique Perroud, SAMP USA Inc.

Continuing members include: Reed; Armendariz; Ayala; Perroud; Moran and the following: Eduardo Anaya, Indepa SC; Ferruccio Bellina, TKT Group; Kurt F. Breischaft, Belden Inc.; and Lawrence El-Hindi, Filtertech, Inc. Also serving are, Masoud Garshasb, Phelps Dodge Copper Products; William Jarae, Mittal Steel USA; Erik Macs, Fine International Corp.; Malcolm Michael,

Australasian Wire Industry Association; Thomas Maxwell, Die Quip Corp.; Nicolas Nickelotopoulos, Ivaco Inc.; Ralph Noonan, Etna Products Inc; Michael Peacock, Delphi Packard Electric; William Rump; Donald Schollin, Q-S Technologies; Kenneth Scott, consultant; Andrew Stromer, Southwire Co.; and Raj Kumar (R.K.) Tyagi, Assomac Machines Ltd. â– JANUARY 2008 33

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Chapter Corner Kain the featured speaker at Western Chapter meeting Hoskins Manufacturing, GTE Joseph B. Kain, an expert in Nitinol Materials and Fort Wayne Metals, materials, will be the speaker at the where he was staff metalWAI’s Western Chapter’s lurgist. He provided the Jan. 30, 2008, Educational following: A thermoelasSpeaker Series and Dinner tic maternsitic phase at the Hilton Hotel in Anaheim, California. transformation in the The talk will focus on material is responsible for nickel titanium processing, Nitinol’s extraordinary specifically Nitinol, a properties. These properunique class of shape memties include the shape ory materials. Kain, technimemory effect superelascal manager for Medical ticity, and dampening Products at Johnson capability. Its properties Matthey, Inc., has almost 20 can be modified by Joseph B. Kain changes in composition, years’ experience in the recmechanical working, and ommendation of Nitinol heat treatment. materials for use in medical device “Memory metals impact the way applications. He is a graduate of the wire is used in the medical devices University of Cincinnati, and has preindustry,” said Western Chapter viously worked for General Electric,

34 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

President Michael Howard of Coast Wire & Plastic Tech. “We thought it made great sense for the chapter to offer this program during the MD & M West show,” he said.

The event will be held in the Malibu room of the Hilton, with networking at 5:30 pm, dinner at 6:30 pm and the presentation to follow.

The cost for the evening is $65, $55 for members. It is being held in conjunction with Medical Design & Manufacturing. to be held January 2931, 2008, at the Anaheim Convention Center next door to the Hilton.

For more details, call Michael Howard, Coast Wire & Plastic Tech., Inc., tel. 310-639-9473, or WAI’s Chip Marsh at cmarsh@wirenet.org, tel.

203-453-1748.

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New England Chapter annual meeting set for Jan. 31 The WAI New England Chapter will return to the Mohegan Sun Resort Conference Center for its 14th Annual Meeting on Thursday, January 31.

“2007 has been a great year for the New England Chapter,” said outgoing President Lori Parent, Breen Color Concentrates Inc. “This meeting is a chance to network with industry colleagues, celebrate our successes and look ahead.”

Parent will review the chapter’s successful year in 2007 and introduce the 2008 officers and directors. A networking reception begins at 5:30 pm with a buffet dinner at 6:30 pm. Two strolling magicians will display their skills of illusion, sleight of hand and prestidigitation.

After dinner, the chapter will conduct its annual business meeting, where the outgoing directors will be recognized and the 2008 officers and directors will be introduced.

Registration for the event is $80, dis-

counted to $70 for WAI members and $65 for chapter members, which includes the entire evening’s activities.

The Annual Meeting is consistently one of the best attended events of the year, and companies are invited to sponsor the evening at one of three levels: Gold Sponsorship for $300, Silver for $200 and Bronze for $100.

All sponsors will be recognized at the event with signage and in the program, as well as in the WJI wrapup and with

an individual slide featuring their logo in the annual slide show during the evening’s festivities.

Note: the Carrie Underwood/Keith Urban concert is at the Mohegan Sun the same night and rooms could not be secured as in past years (check www. mohegansun.com for openings). Local hotels are available, including a few with shuttles to the Mohegan Sun. Contact WAI’s Chip Marsh at tel.

203-4531748, cmarsh@wirenet.org. ■

WAI contact info Name Steven J. Fetteroll, executive director David B. LaValley, treasurer Mark A. Marselli, editor-in-chief Marc Murray, director of education Charles H. (Chip) Marsh, membership director Janice Swindells, director of marketing services Robert Xeller, director of sales

Phone 203-453-2777 203-453-2777 203-453-2777 203-458-0802 203-453-1748 203-453-2777 203-458-7578

e-mail sfetteroll@wirenet.org dlavalley@wirenet.org mmarselli@wirenet.org mmurray@wirenet.org cmarsh@wirenet.org jswindells@wirenet.org bxeller@wirenet.org

JANUARY 2008 35

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IWCS technical program rebounds in Florida In 2001, the International Wire & Cable Symposium (IWCS) went to Disneyland in Florida in 2001 and celebrated its 50th anniversary in a gala manner, but the signs were already there that the telecom sector had entered some tough times. Six long

The Plenary Session program at IWCS once again drew a very good audience. Photo by Mike DeLucia. years later, there were reasons to believe that the return to Disney’s Coronado Springs Resort in 2007 may mark a turning point of sorts.

John R. Sicotte, Chairman of the Board for the IWCS, welcomed attendees to the 56th annual event, noting that the industry outlook is quite different than from the prior trip to Orlando.

“At that time, we were in the midst of an unprecedented boom in our industry. Little did we know that the very next year, many of us would be fighting for our survival,” he said. “The good news is that we did survive, following much restructuring and consolidation and plain hard work and determination. The IWCS was not immune to these dynamics, and lived through several fairly lean years following the bursting of the telecom bubble. Things have gotten better in the last few years for the IWCS, and I am pleased to report continued growth in our conference this year, consistent with the improved health of our industry.”

Sicotte said that the IWCS is seeking to grow, “with a focus on strengthening our coverage of connectivity technologies and passive systems solutions. Through these efforts, we strive to provide you with an increasingly interesting and relevant conference in the years to come.”

The IWCS reported that attendance was about 900, and that the Technical Symposium was the largest in several years, with

36 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

more than a hundred papers presented. The Professional Development Courses experienced their highest enrollment in several years, with nearly 130 courses subscribed by attendees.

Other events included the Executive Forum, which provided information that included a view of future technologies being delivered today. The Focus Suppliers Exhibition included 110 industry suppliers, although traffic was noticeably light.

“Attendance was moderate, however it still maintained a strong international contingent from Asia and Europe,” reported Nextrom-Rosendahl Technologies, which presented information about new advances, including its ribbon coloring systems.

Keynote speaker UBS Executive Director Christopher Streidter presented a Wall Street Perspective on the wire and cable industry that was quite positive. He said that the top seven companies with operations in the U.S. (Belden, CommScope, General Cable, Superior Essex, Encore, Draka and Nexans) have performed quite well, up 642% from November 2002, a period during which he noted the general market was up 63.5%. Those results, he said, were not driven by any one company as all were up by at least 200%.

Market caps have also grown about $2 billion in November 2002 to about $15 billion today, Streidter said, noting that this enables companies to save money and to make further investments. He acknowledged that the rising price of copper has been a big factor, but even as copper prices have leveled off, the return has still been over 13%. “That’s a pretty remarkable number when you consider (the economy).”

Streidter cited the following reasons for the dramatically improved returns: growth/rebound in end markets, limited imports, operating leverage, better financial performance, strengthened balance sheets, greater stock liquidity and increasing acquisition activity. Pursuing new markets/directions can be good, but on the cautionary side, companies should consider exiting markets with poor economics, balance the risks of geographic expansions and make disciplined buys, and have a plan for selling off unwanted operations of a potential acquisition.

In 2007, there was over $4 billion in strategic acquisitions, a figure that is more than all the activity from 2002 to 2006, Streidter said. Investors like larger companies and want to invest in businesses that have good stock liquidity, can weather down cycles and have good pricing power. They also want to see more consolidation, he said. “Investors see consolidation as a plus,” he said, noting that in addition to potential synergies for the overall company, those are seen as better than investing in new equipment and capacity as that adds to capacity and could hurt prices.

Also speaking was Rob Daniels, CRU International, who presented “Trends in the Global Metallic Wire and Cable Market.”

In 2006, he said, there were 13.2 million (conductor) metric tons of metallic wire and cable products consumed globally, with a total value of US$134 billion. “This represented a 32% growth in volume since 1998. However, even more important was the more than doubling of global revenue, from the flat 1998 – 2003 period of about $60 billion, to $134 billion in 2006. The more than doubling of revenue since 2003 essentially

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IWCS had more than a hundred technical presentations. Photo

by Mike DeLucia. was due to a quadrupling in the price of LME copper during the same time frame, from about US$ 2,000 per metric ton to about US$8,000 per metric ton,” he said. “Looking at 2007, global consumption growth of metallic wire and cable will continue to remain strong despite the weakness in the North American mar-

ket due to a depression in the U.S. residential housing industry.

Global consumption of metallic wire and cable is forecast to rise by 4% vs. 4.2% for the prior year. The segment driving the global growth is the energy cable sector, especially in developing countries.

Other Executive Forum presentation speakers were Patrick Fay, KMI Research; Dana DuToit, ChromisFiberoptics, Inc., and Joseph Savage, FTTH Council.

The Executive Panel, moderated by Garo Artinian, The Artinian Group, included Martin Hanchard, CEO Prysmian Cables and Systems, North America; Neil Wilkin, CEO, Optical Cable Corporation; Fred McDuffee, CEO, Sumitomo Lightwave; Gregory Lampert, Senior Vice President, General Cable Corporation; and Peter Sheehan, Senior Vice President and Global Sales Manager, Belden.

Keynote speakers Ivan Diaz and Jason Lovelace, both Engineering Leaders for Walt Disney World Co., discussed how Disneyland plans and manages its vast range of infrastructure and developmental needs.

Overall, the organizers, reported, “the 2007 IWCS Conference was a great success. Now the challenge is to maintain the momentum generated as planning begins for the 2008 event, scheduled for November 9 to 12 at the Rhode Island Convention Center in Providence.”

For more information, go to www.iwcs.org. ■

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Ferrous Report: a story of supply, trade cases and quality issues

The big picture of steel continues to evolve, with headlines heralding new capacity being added and older capacity removed, although the effectiveness of that latter campaign is not always so clear. This story looks at “big steel” as what happens there has a significant trickle-down effect to the wire sector, which has seen U.S. prices for an industry staple, 5.5 mm wire rod, become far more competitive while Europe, with its strong euro currency, has been far more susceptible to competition from Asia.

One issue raised in this feature is whether China will be able to move away from low-value, bulk steel products. Some world class steel producers have emerged from China, such as Baosteel, Wuhan, Angang and Tangshan, among others, but there and elsewhere in Asia, inefficient steel production remains a staple. The Perspectives piece on product quality that begins on p. 39 indirectly addresses that issue.

This feature includes an AWPA report on trade cases, comments on a proposed upstream merger that could have a trickle-down impact later for the wire industry and an Australian view.

Supply and demand The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), reports that the shining star of steel production, to no great surprise, was China, which was expected to have produced some 470 million metric tons (mmt) of steel in 2007, more than a third of the world’s output. China blazed along at a production rate 18% higher for the first 10 months of 2007, according to the OECD, which reported the following regional updates.

• The European Union is registering a slowdown in production growth this year as imports account for an increasing share of domestic demand. In the first 38 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

This Arcelor-Mittal chart, part of a recent company presentation, shows potential growth opportunities for steel in China. ten months of 2007, steel production rose by 1.3% from a year earlier, i.e., by 2.3 (mmt), to 176 (mmt). Solid growth is still being observed in Germany, while output levels have either stagnated or fallen in Italy and France.

• In the CIS countries, growth in steelmaking activity is maintaining momentum, led by Russia and the Ukraine.

Production in the region is being supported by capacity expansions in electric-arc furnace steelmaking.

• In North America, steel production in the U.S. is declining following last year’s solid gain and import-induced inventory build-up. In the first ten months of 2007, steel producers cut production by 3% from the level prevailing a year earlier to 81.6 million tonnes. Inventory levels are falling to more normal levels. In Mexico, production is increasing rapidly towards

a record level of 17 (mmt) in 2007, supported by capacity increases particularly in the long-products segment of the market.

• South American steel output is rebounding from last year’s slowdown.

Production in Brazil, the largest producer in the region, was up by 9.2%, by 2.2 (mmt), to 27.9 (mmt) tons in the first 10 months of 2007.

• Production growth in the Middle East remains strong, reflecting vibrant demand as the region’s economies grow.

In the first ten months of 2007 production reached 5.2 (mmt) in Egypt, 8.3 (mmt) in Iran, and 3.8 (mmt)in Saudi Arabia.

International Iron and Steel Institute (IISI) Secretary General Ian Christmas said that he expects global steel consumption to rise 4-5% a year over the

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This occasional section presents commentary/analysis from individuals, including presentations by speakers at industry events around the world. This piece is from Tom Tyl, Tire Wire Technology, LLC (TWT).

s e v i t c e p s r e P next five years, rising from an estimated 1.2 billion metric tons in 2007 to 1.28 billion metric tons in 2008. The four BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China), which accounted for about 41 percent of global steel demand in 2006, will again be leading global growth with an expected increase of 12.8 percent for 2007 and 11.1 percent for 2008, said the IISI, which noted that 77 percent of world growth in 2007 and 71 percent in 2008 will take place in these four countries.

Arcelor-Mittal, the world’s largest steel producer, has warned that the industry does not benefit by an over-capacity condition. Chinese authorities note that they have reduced tax incentives for exporters and pressed for a change from small inefficient steel producers to larger, better run steel producers, but questions remain whether excess steel will cause problems. While China’s domestic demand is rising, its net steel exports were also expected to rise to 50-55 million metric tons in 2007, the IISI said.

In testimony last year to the U.S House and Ways Means Committee, David M. Spooner, assistant secretary of Commerce for import administration, Subcommittee on Trade, said that China’s manufacturing output is not based on free-market enterprise. “Let’s make no mistake about it: Subsidies exist in China and are distorting the playing field,” he told the committee’s Subcommittee on Trade. “We’re extremely concerned that the Chinese steel industry is not market driven but driven by subsidization.”

A recent article in The New York Times said that China official believe that it is unfair to blame imports for the loss of steel jobs. It cited a American Iron and Steel Institute report that said the number of steel workers has dropped from more than 500,000 in 1970 to about 155,000, but steel production is about the same,

The role of culture (mindset) in technology

By Tom Tyl The global steel industry continues to grow, with additional capacity coming on-line around the world, far more than can be used, some critics might say. The technology continues to move forward, but for all the announcements of upgrades, new projects and joint ventures, do those numbers translate to universally better products? Maybe, maybe not. What follows is my perspective of a tiny slice of that big steel pie and of the role that culture plays.

By culture, I mean that of a company as all companies have cultures. A company’s culture does not necessarily reflect the country of origin and one can substitute “mindset” for culture.

For example, part of GE’s culture is to purchase companies and resell them in three years if they do not perform to a certain profit standard; SAS’s culture is to provide very good wages and working conditions for high functioning employees; and Wal-Mart’s culture is to provide the least expensive product by buying in volume and demanding lower prices from suppliers. There is no one approach to business, and that includes tire cord.

Tire cord is near the top of the steel pyramid, meaning that steel cord volume is small in comparison to other steel products, but it has greater added-value than most other steel products. Steel tire cord is arguably the most difficult steel product to manufacture from rod, requiring good technology and superior quality systems for consistent process ability.

Two diverse tire cord manufacturers exist today. There are few differences between them in terms of technology level, capital investment and labor costs, yet there is a difference in product quality and sophistication. One could identify them as Type-1 and

Tom Tyl, Tire Wire Technology LLC.

Type-2 steel tire cord manufacturers.

The former is identified with high value-added, high quality cord, typically with corporate headquarters based in Free Market Economies (FME) and the latter recognized for lower value-added, high-volume products, typically with corporate headquarters in Regulated Market Economies (RME).

On the end-user side, tire manufacturers want steel tire cord with higherstrength that enables them to reduce tire weight and to offer better steel-to(continued on p. 45)

JANUARY 2008 39

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Per this Arcelor-Mittal chart, steel consumption in South America and India both show much potential for the steel industry. indicating that job losses are the result of better technology.

The U.S. steel industry has generally fared well, at least in some part due to the weak U.S. dollar, a condition that has made it that much harder for Europeans, as China’s currency is still loosely tied to the U.S. dollar, making it easier for Chinese companies to export to Europe than it is for European companies to export to China.

The European Confederation of Iron and Steel Industries (Eurofer) notes that the European steel industry, with 159 mmt tons of production, is the second largest producer in the world after China.

“The European Union market for steel products is the most open in the world,” it noted, adding that, “The European steel industry wants to see the same openness in markets around the world.”

Eurofer has asked the European Union to impose a 40% surcharge on soaring import levels of some below-cost Chinese steel. In one article about Chinese steel exports, Eurofer Director General Gordon Moffat was cited as saying that, “We’ve seen an enormous increase in tonnage from virtually nothing prior to 2004 to 12 mmt last year.”

He said that China and some other Asian countries are trying to sell steel abroad

that they cannot offload in their own saturated markets, with China’s overcapacity the largest single cause. The article cited EU statistics that say steel imports from China from January to September 2007 grew 137 percent from the same period last year to 8.9 mmt.

Last year, Eurofer filed a complaint against Chinese and Turkish wire rod, noting that these imports have risen more than 400% from 2004 to 2007.

“The root cause of these dramatic, market distorting export surges is the economically irrational growth of steel capacities outpacing the growth of domestic steel consumption,” said Moffat, adding that the capacity growth “had been fuelled by subsidies and driven by pervasive state intervention.”

A Chinese spokesman said that his country’s exports “met the demand of European market. If the EU imposed anti-dumping duties on China’s steel products, it would harm Europe itself.”

He added that the E.U. steel industry has not suffered and noted that China is open to dialogue and negotiation.

China has tightened control on approval of new steel capacities, rejecting plans for 10 mmt projects in coastal areas proposed by Baosteel Group and Wuhan Steel, according to a December report in Steel Guru.com.

Citigroup, which has begun covering steel, reports that major Chinese steelmakers are supporting the Chinese governments push for consolidation. Its analysts expect the smaller steel players will try to reach a sustainable capacity for steel producers. “We think this could be 10Mtpa, given that this is the starting size of Russian and Japanese steel sites, among others around the world,” it said.

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40 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

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Upstream merger not welcome downstream A proposed merger of two of the world’s largest raw-materials suppliers, BHP Billiton PLC and Rio Tinto PLC, has been opposed by a number of downstream associations.

Seaborne iron ore is dominated by three companies: CVRD, Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton, which account for over 70% of total world trade. A merger of BHP Billiton with rival Rio Tinto would result in a single company with far too much control, opponents say.

Hajime Bada, chairman of the Japan Iron and Steel Federation, said at a news conference that a melding of BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto “is undesirable for industrial competition and pricing.”

The IISI has also came out against the proposed alliance, with Ian Christmas noting that he has supported the consolidation of steel businesses “but not to the extent of creating a monopoly.” He observed that, “Even the largest steel company in the world today accounts for less than 15% of total world steel pro-

duction. Any further consolidation between the big three would create a virtual monopoly in the business. For this reason, not only will the steel industry strongly oppose the potential merger of BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto, but it is vital that the competition authorities in the EU, U.S., China, Australia and Japan also recognize the threat that this merger poses to the interests of steel consumers and the general public,” he said.

Integer Research’s Philip Radbourne said that the proposed deal, even if it does not go forward, brings forth interesting concerns.

“Ultimately, if the two companies do merge, some of their largest customers will not only include companies such as Mittal Steel and JFE Steel, but also the leading Chinese producers,” Radbourne said. “BHP Billiton’s Chinese customers include Baosteel, Shagang, Wuhan Iron & Steel Group, Maananshan Iron & Steel Co and Tangshan Iron & Steel Co. It also supplies the leading Japanese integrated producers. In contrast, China is less important for Rio Tinto, which

only represents around 16% of iron ore exports for the company, lagging Rio’s shipments to Europe, the U.S. and other Asian countries.”

Radbourne observed that the main problem for China is that it does not have enough good quality iron ore.

“Although China’s mines produce about half the iron ore used by its steel mills, this domestic iron ore is an inferiorgrade ore. To fuel its continued expansion, Chinese steel producers will either have to continue buying their iron ore from BHP Billiton, Rio Tinto and CVRD in Brazil, or find alternative sources of iron ore elsewhere,” he said.

“Certainly, none of the leading Chinese producers on their own will be able to bid the US$150 billion for Rio Tinto,” Radbourne said. “Baosteel has a market value of US$40 billion, and even if it managed to join forces with other companies and funds, such as CIC, China’s sovereign fund, it would face the threat of protectionist moves from a number of other countries.”

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wire material and products. Also, the increase in imported wire has provided our wire user members with a wider range of product and prices.

A ‘down under’ wire industry perspective Malcom Michael, director/secretary of The Australasian Wire Industry Association (AWIA), was asked about the impact of industry trends. Australia manufactures over 200,000 metric tons of wire, with 10% exported, mainly for niche markets. The AWIA has about 100 member companies in Australia and New Zealand. www.wireassociation.com.au.

WJI: Has competition from offshore production gotten any easier or worse in recent years?

Michael: We provide the great majority of locally used spring wire, bright wire and rod for reinforcing, but imports are continuing to grow. Many locally manufactured finished products have now been shifted overseas for manufacture and we’ve seen increases of imported components due to the low cost from China. Also, many local manufacturers have also become importers to maintain their businesses. Niche markets have become a major part of local manufacturing, products that have quantity, quality and delivery requirements that suppliers from China are either not interested in or cannot supply. Automotive is still a substantial market.

42 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

WJI: What are the biggest challenges facing Australasian-area wire and cable manufacturers trying to export?

Michael: The strength of the $AUD and $NZ along with artificially capped currencies in some nearby markets are creating challenges for exports and is a major impediment to Australasian export of wire and components. As China is effectively linked to the US$, this has had a dramatic effect on the competiveness of our manufacturers, both for wire and production of parts for exports. Also, many components come to Australia and New Zealand for less than our local material cost, making it very difficult for local manufacturers that want to export.

WJI: Are there any significant pluses?

Michael: Market intelligence helps us keep up to date with new production techniques and market requirements.

Demand for minerals from Australia into Asia and mainly China has made the Australian economy very strong and this is expected to continue for some time.

As a result, demand for construction and mining in the domestic, commercial and industrial areas is also strong, creating demand there for local production of

WJI: Is there any single key factor?

Michael: To be competitive against imports, we need to upgrade equipment and develop new ideas/products to suit our and other markets. While there is some assistance for R & D and support for export, these can be difficult to access and require considerable investment in time and resources. These are often beyond the capabilities of the medium to smaller companies. It has been more than a decade since there were any specific incentives in Australia to purchase new equipment to improve productivity. This makes it very difficult to compete against other countries such as China who have “rebates” for export.

WJI: What’s your outlook?

Michael: Our wire manufacturers have seen many of the same problems experienced in the U.S., made even worse by our relative closeness to China and our inherently small market. We are now seeing costs in China rise, but substantial increases in productivity there have offset those cost increases. Some producers are moving away from Chinese suppliers due to quality and service problems but this is still a relatively small amount.

We have recently seen established manufacturing companies (some started back in the 1800s) cease to operate and we expect further rationalization. Like the U.S., we have had to adapt to these changes and while these changes will continue, Australian and New Zealand manufacturers are adapting.

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Trade cases against China go downstream

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Since late May, China has been subjected to nine antidumping (AD) and six countervailing duty (CVD) complaints – compared with a total of three AD cases brought against China in all of 2006 – and more China cases are expected. The first of these trade cases against China involved a downstream wire product — steel wire nails. On May 29, the domestic nail industry filed an AD petition against China as well as the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Three of the petitioners were AWPA members: Mid Continent Nail, Davis Wire, and Gerdau Ameristeel (Atlas Steel & Wire). They were joined by petitioners Maze Nails and Treasure Coast Fasteners.

On July 16, the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) formally initiated antidumping investigations against nail imports from China and the UAE. The DOC’s initiation notice stated that the estimated dumping margins range from 55.19 percent to 118.04 percent for China and from 70.77 percent to 71.50 percent for the UAE. On July 20, the US International Trade Commission made a unanimous (6 - 0) affirmative injury determination, finding that there is a “reasonable indication” that the U.S. nail industry is materially injured by imports from China and the UAE. Subsequently, the DOC began its phase of the investigation by selecting two Chinese nail producers to respond to its AD questionnaire. Ironically, those two Chinese companies are affiliates of two of the largest U.S. nail manufacturers, which are not petitioners in this case. The DOC was scheduled to issue its preliminary dumping determination by early November, although that decision could be postponed until late December. The DOC’s final dumping determination will come some time between March and May 2008, depending on the number and duration of any postponements granted by the DOC. If the DOC makes a final determination of dumping when it completes its investigation next year, the ITC will conduct its final investigation to determine whether the dumped nails cause,

or threaten to cause, material injury to the US industry. Among the issues which the ITC will address is whether four U.S. nail producers – ITW, Senco Products, Specialty Fasteners Systems, and Stanley Fastening Systems – should be considered as part of the domestic industry for purposes of the ITC’s injury analysis. In the preliminary investigation, the ITC decided not to consider these companies as part of the domestic industry due to their offshore operations, but the ITC stated that it would revisit this issue in the final phase of the investigation.

In July, another segment of the downstream wire industry took action against Chinese imports. AWPA member M&B Metal Products, the lone surviving national producer of steel wire garment hangers, filed an AD petition on July 31. The DOC formally initiated its antidumping investigation on September 17, noting that the estimated dumping margins range from 203.02 percent to 618.00 percent. On September 20, the ITC voted unanimously that there is a “reasonable indication” that Chinese imports are materially injuring the US hanger industry.

The DOC is in the process of selecting the Chinese companies to receive its AD questionnaire, and it is anticipated that – as in the nail case – the DOC will select two companies as mandatory respondents. The DOC is scheduled to issue its preliminary dumping determination by January 2008, although that decision could be postponed until February. The DOC’s final dumping determination will come some time between March and June 2008, depending on the number and duration of any postponements.

Following the DOC’s final determination, the ITC will conduct its final injury investigation.

Fred Waite is general counsel for the American Wire Producers Association (awpa.org), which notes that it represents wire producers located in the U.S., Canada and Mexico, including more than 80 percent of the U.S. wire and wire products industry. This presentation was published in the AWPA’s WIRELINE newsletter.

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(Perspectives continued from p. 39.) rubber adhesion. Witness the extensive reporting of the tire disaster in the late 1990s and early 2000s that saw the recall of some 6.5 million tires and the deaths of an estimated 271 people from accidents involving tread separation. In case you thought the problems were identified and that a terrible wrong had been corrected, think again.

In 2007, some 450,000 tires were recalled in the U.S. for such concerns.

Those numbers do not include suspect inventory for at least six other U.S. importers or distributors. These were tires that initially exceeded U.S. federal safety standards and passed a 40,000-mile road test. The tire manufacturer, a RME business, unilaterally changed the tire design, apparently without consulting the importers. After the design change, the tread reportedly separated from the tire carcass after 25,000 miles. Photos 1 and 2 show typical failure examples.

In FME regions, such events are unheard of or quite rare. Differences between FME and RME companies have spawned several related issues or recent product recalls. It can be argued that these were a result of corporate philosophy.

Type-1 versus Type-2 manufacturers There are two types of new-construction tire cord plants, each with nearly the same capital investment and similar labor costs but with hugely disparate manufacturing costs and profitability.

Differences in profitability relate to value systems and cultural differences that play out differently on the world market.

New-Construction plants New construction Type-1 plants.

These have the latest or nearly the latest technology and possess the expertise and values to fully deploy the technology. They can manufacture the most complicated, highest-strength, highest value-added product in demand (RMT type reinforcement, ultra-strength cord) as well as the most simple, lowerstrength, lowest value-added product (passenger type reinforcement, two-by

type normal-strength cord), the former at very high margins and the latter at competitive margins. These plants possess a value system, a philosophy to work toward driving down manufacturing costs by continually improving process ability and product quality at every manufacturing step. Using these value systems, the whole is more than the sum of the parts, meaning that quality product produced per capital dollar expended soars. This describes a typical high-profit margin European model plant.

New construction Type-2 plants.

These have the latest or nearly the latest technology but lack the quality value systems (training, desire or knowledge) to utilize the technology to its highest potential. Type-2 manufacturers struggle to produce simple, passenger-type constructions at comparatively less-competitive manufacturing costs and with Photo 1. Belt to lower quality levels. carcass detachment.

These plants, typiNHTSA photo. cally commissioned on a process-basis by individual equipment manufacturers and off-shore consultants, lack the continuous improvement systems of European models. Without quality and improvement value systems, the sum of the parts is greater than the whole, meaning that quality product produced per capital dollar expended can tumble.

Type-2 plants have a culture of productivity—kg of cable packed—without quality behaviors recognizing customer satisfaction.

Type-2 steel tire cord manufacturers tend toward technical errors that affect long-term relationships with both customers and suppliers. These manufacturers have certain short-term advantages over Type-1 manufacturers, especially when labor costs are low, as follows: 1) All steel tire cord is packaged and sold; 2) Operator training and recertification costs are lower; 3) Spare parts per unit purchased are lower; 4) Maintenance costs are lower;

5) Consumables not incorporated into the final product are less expensive; 6) Product packaging costs are less; 7) Output (by weight) per unit time can be greater for plants of equal capacity; 8) Engineering and product reliability cost are lower; and 9) Customer support costs are less.

Competition between Type-1 and Type-2 manufacturers has been fierce.

Type-2 manufacturers have driven the market price for steel tire cord to record lows. For example, simple twofilament passenger construction prices have dropped by about 45%, forcing Type-1 manufacturers to meet those prices. Essentially, Type-2 producers can affect tire cord prices in the negotiating stage without actually supplying a product. Type-1 manufacturers initially lost market share to Type-2 producers, hurting profits as demand declined and plants operated at less than peak capacity. However, this apparent market aberration proved short term as customers faced reinforcement shortages due to rejected reinforcement, failure of supply for complex constructions and tire plant processing issues like poor adhesion, creel room payoff issues and excessive tip rise.

Further, Type-2 plants are unable to maintain a low-cost position in part for these reasons: 1) Although steel tire cord manufacturers almost universally use 5.5 mm wire rod, Type-1 plants can use less expensive rod, which for Type-2 plants can be as high as 1/3 of total material and manufacturing labor costs; 2) After implementing the continuous improvement approach after plant start-up, Type-1 plant staffing (operators and engineering) requirements decline; and 3) Type-1 plants manufacture high-demand, high value added product using less expensive raw materials, similar capital investment and less labor compared to Type-2 plants.

Regardless of where process waste is generated, Type-2 plants’ waste, measured by Percent to Finished Stock Value (% FSV) is that of finished cable compared to Type-1 manufacturers that produce about 2.5 % higher quality throughput for essentially the same volume of raw material, energy and labor. This is because Type 1 manufac-

JANUARY 2008 45

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turers fine tune earlier processes, producing small amounts of low value scrap, while Type 2 manufacturers, without tools to fine tune earlier processes, tend to “force” material through the process, resulting in waste at the customer’s location.

Type-1 manufacturers typically: 1) Meet or exceed cable quality requirements on a global basis; 2) Rarely encounter creel room or calendar roll cutter issues; 3) Sell a quality-consistent product regardless of manufacturing activity; 4) Have plant waste levels less than 2.5 % FSV; 5) Have fine drawing performance of over 2,000 kg per die set; 6) Report twisting breakage levels less than 0.25 breaks per MT; and 7) Rarely if ever have rubber adhesion issues.

Type-2 manufacturers typically: 1) Have a few captive tire manufacturing customers selling product to lesserdeveloped countries; 2) Sell product independent of quality; 3) Have difficulty consistently qualifying product due to creel room and cutter issues related to technical errors; 4) Have plant waste levels exceeding 5.0%; 5) Have fine drawing performance about 800 kg per die set; 6) Report twisting breakage levels exceeding 5.0 breaks per MT; 7) Have rubber adhesion issues several times per year; 8) May repackage/ resell rejected or off specification product; and 9) May strain-age finished cable to meet strength requirements

roller, direct-drive, single-block, directdrawing equipment that is the choice for new-construction plants. It has mastered the process, through intensive process fine-tuning and quality systems, and is one of the few companies able to use the Joule effect for copper and zinc diffusion, a process abandoned by most manufacturers due to issues with arcing at contact rollers.

The manufacturer has engineered-out these issues resulting in arguably the most energy efficient method of diffusion industry-wide with resulting equivalent or better quality brass than any steel tire cord manufacturer.

The following two scenarios illustrate how Old-Construction Type-2 plants can emerge: One existing old plant failed to keep up with technology and over time was transformed from a Type-1 plant to a Type-2 plant. A steel tire cord plant that is operating in 2007 still uses technology from 1980, not having recapitalized, as the plant grew older. Not investing in technical resources helped overhead costs in the short term, but

continuous improvement and implementation of change that had made it potentially viable.

Regulated Market Economies

The above real-world examples of Type-1 and Type-2 plants show that there is one essential difference defining steel tire cord manufacturing profitability: value systems. A good deal of these differences stem from the two disparate types of market systems: Regulated Market Economies (RME) versus Free Market Economies (FME).

There is nothing like a concrete example. During a tour of a RME steel tire cord plant in mid 2006, I saw many rusted, leaning, unwrapped, 5.5 mm rod coils with obviously abraded surfaces, placed alongside pristine, well-packaged and wrapped 5.5 mm wire rod coils. The plant’s general manager commented that the poorerlooking wire rod came from a National steel company (a business owned by a government or completely by residents of one nation, not foreign investors).

The other coils were imported from a FME country. He said that the National steel rod product did not run well in the company’s process. Asked about continuous improvement processes by the rod manufacturer, he replied that there were none. I asked, “Then why buy rod from that wire rod manufacturer?” Replied the general manager, “Because we have to.”

And then, almost as an afterOld-Construction plants thought, he added, “But we don’t have to pay them.”

Type-1 and Type-2 plants can exist Photo 2. Breaking away of pieces of sidewall (with or The tour ended in an advanced in older buildings using older techwithout total air loss.) NHTSA photo. automated packaging facility nology. Older Type-1 plants exist in where bar-coded B-80s, automatically several locations, particularly Japan, the long-term result was a cultural sorted by twist, balanced by twist in where tenacious efforts have been change that saw a decline in quality, layers and packaged in a box for shipmade to upgrade operations by new reduction in plant throughput, ment to the tire manufacturer, were electronics and capital projects to keep increased operating costs and high prepared. It is standard procedure to the plants “young,” often through employee turnover. condition air in final processing and labor-reducing technology while mainA second example of a Type-2 plant packaging to maintain humidity levels taining an experienced engineering are some of the “new” plants that purbelow about 50 percent to help prevent presence. chased old technology from defunct brass oxidation and subsequent rubber One notable Type-1 business, an steel tire cord plants, like those formeradhesion issues. The plant had the Asian family owned company with ly located in North America. The techequipment to condition the air supply, plants in Asia and North America, has nologically sound or upgradeable but all the windows and outside doors been able to produce tire cord from 70equipment was able to be relocated and were open and humidity levels well year-old split-block, dry-drawing techoperated with low-cost labor, but what above specification. The general mannology that can match or even exceed was not moved was the nurturing of ager said that the conditioning equipthat of the straight-through, tuner

46 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

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ment was off and the doors and windows left open to save energy. Asked about the effect on adhesion, he shrugged his shoulders, but the answer was obvious: the customer had to take his product, but they, like he, did not have to pay for it.

Free Market Economies In 1989, the author attended an inspection and quality audit of a major European steel tire cord manufacturer building its first steel tire cord facility in a Regulated Market Economies (RME) location, using the newest technology available. The potential employees were trained to the European model culture to ensure that products made were equivalent to those the company made in its Free Market Economies (FME) plants. The intent was to train RME “Nationals” to recognize the importance of quality product that could be sold outside of their RME.This was a foreign concept since steel tire cord was not used in significant volume in this RME country and when steel tire cord was used, speeds and loads were a fraction of those of a FME society with a well developed infrastructure. Further, steel tire cord related tire failures at low speed and loads rarely harm more than the tire, while at high speeds and heavy loads, failures can be catastrophic.

In retrospect, the Europeans recognized that their value systems could influence their product quality. That initial investment apparently paid off as the European-run plant’s manufacturing product in RME locations is indistinguishable from those it makes at its FME plants.

The message is that, regardless of the extent of technology possessed in a steel tire cord operation, a vital element is the operation’s corporate culture. When continuous improvement and change are embraced, throughput and productivity increase while waste and staffing decline. High net profits can be realized with older, optimized equipment or newer optimized equipment and although new technology can give a company an edge, it is the corporate culture that will determine the long-term success of failure of a steel tire cord—or any other—enterprise.

Conclusion In a liability-driven world where the wire and cable industry is supposed to have made significant technological advances, “quality as a given” cannot be assumed. Steel tire cord is different than most wire products due to the huge monetary responsibility related to product failures, such as those shown in Photos 1 and 2, and the cost of recalls, but Type-1 and Type-2 manufacturing likely exists for all wire products. It must be pointed out that some companies in either a FME or RME region are fully capable of being a Type 1 company, but it is prudent to know who your suppliers are before allowing them into your supply chain..

Thomas W. Tyl is the principal for Tire Wire Technology, LLC (TWT), a U.S.-based consulting firm that notes it works exclusively with Type-1 wire, steel tire cord and equipment companies to help produce a consistent quality product at low conversion costs. Tyl can be contacted by telephone (cell) at 919-413-0623; e-mail tom_tyl@yahoo. com; www.tirewiretechnology.com. ■

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JANUARY 2008 47

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2007 Article Index The year in review The following is a listing of all WJI technical articles, features and news items that appeared during calendar year

2007 WJI Cover Stories Jan.: “Top cable companies,” p. 51.

Feb.: “Testing & Measuring equipment,” p. 46.

March: “Interwire 2007 preview,” p. 43.

April: “Software and Automation,” p. 44.

May: “Dies,” p. 34.

June: “Lubricants and filtration,” p. 34.

July: ““Equipment: Part 1,” p. 68.

Aug.: “Asian Outlook,” p. 44.

Sept.: “European Outlook,” p. 50.

Oct.: “Compounds & Colorants,” p. 56.

2007. Items are arranged by categories. For reprints, contact the WAI at tel. 203-453-2777; fax 203-453-8384.

New submarine cable to link China and the U.S., Feb., p. 22.

Cable theft not just a copper problem for Vietnam, Aug., p. 29.

NEMA office in China translates to advantages for its members, Feb., p. 23.

Energy costs behind Tata Steel decision to locate plant in Vietnam, Sept., p. 28.

China literally shooting for moon, sees energy source, March, p. 26.

Tata Steel take on Corus, March, p. 27.

Tata Steel buy larger-than-life deal for India, March, p. 27.

‘Green’ initiative results in relocation of mill in China, April, p. 24.

Chinese car makers driven to greater numbers, April, p. 24.

Nov.: “Equipment: Part 2,” p. 24.

Offshoring jobs may not be a relentless, unstoppable tide, April, p. 25.

Dec.: “Industry Trends: family businesses,” p. 48.

China has lofty goals for its aerospace industry, May, p. 20.

Asian Focus

China cuts to export tax rebates includes steel wire, May, p. 20.

India speakers: more advances in steel technology, Jan., p. 26.

New Niehoff plant reflects long-term presence and belief in India, May, p. 21.

India joins exclusive trillion-dollar economy club, June, p. 22.

Japan’s largest trading partner is now China, June, p. 22.

China to become leader in unwanted category, June, p. 22.

U.S. company expands operations in Asia with plant in Suzhou, China, June, p. 23.

China nears No. 2 for world trade, No. 1 a possibility, July, p. 28.

Protesters in India want to block POSCO venture, July, p. 28.

Wire & Cable Expo 2007 draws some 3,000 attendees, July, p. 29.

Asia telecom: ‘digital divide’ separates customers, Aug., p. 28.

Inaugural Wire & Cable India event draws 4,500 attendees over 3 days, Jan., p. 27.

48 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Chrysler deal could lead to Chinese-made cars in U.S., Aug., p. 28.

Execution reflects China willingness to take hard line, Aug., p. 28.

Style matters on multiple levels for business in China, Sept., p. 28.

New wire course in India is one of many steps to further WAI mission, Sept., p. 29.

More Chinese firms in U.S. seeking partnerships, Oct., p. 30.

World Bank: Asian growth a two-fold challenge, Oct., p. 30.

Sterlite continues expansion, part of overall quest to be a world leader, Oct., p. 31.

Outsourcing labor is a multiple-direction street, Nov., p. 28.

A credit to their country: 50 million times worth, Nov., p. 28.

Call for sustainable growth in productionreal jobs made at Asia Forum, Nov., p. 29.

Shanghai company develops submarine cable,” Dec., p. 28.

New guidelines issued for foreign investment in China, Dec., p. 28.

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LS Cable wins US$52 million cable order, Dec., p. 20.

MW Ind. sold to equity firm/company management, Jan., p. 36.

Industry website makes it easier to market/find fasteners, Feb, p. 28.

Chapter Corner

IFI notes retirement of Wilson, names Greenslade as new director, Feb., p. 28.

Precision Castparts to acquire Cherry Aerospace, March, p.32.

Nylok Canada notes 10th, March, p. 32.

(See WAI Chapter Corner)

Barnes Group unit expands in China, March, p. 32.

Conferences/Exhibitions IWCS/Focus wrapup, Jan., p. 48.

Jergens opens site in Shanghai, March, p. 32.

Interwire Sneak Preview, Feb., p. 34.

2nd fastener show date set, April, p. 32.

Interwire Preview, March, p. 43.

ISANTA leaders for 2007, April, p. 32.

Interwire 2007 update, April, p. 60.

Nifco to open fastener plant in Shelbyville, Kentucky, May, p. 28.

Interwire/IFE wrapup, July, p. 48.

IFI enhances website, May, p. 28.

wire Bangkok preview, August, p. 52.

U.S. ind’l fastener market to be $12.9 billion in 2011, June, p. 26.

Wire Bologna 07 preview, Sept., p. 58.

IWCS 2007 Preview, Oct., p. 52.

Anixter expands with buy of U.K. fastener distributor, June, p. 26.

Wrapup: wire Southeast Asia, Dec., p. 26

Grainger buys McFreely’s, July, p. 36.

Wrapup: Wire Bologna 2007, Dec., p. 46.

Anixter acquires Euorofast SAS, July, p. 36.

Fastener Update TRW Automotive has official opening for China plant, Jan., p. 36.

State suit related to ‘Big Dig’ accident includes Powers Fasteners, Feb, p. 28.

Fastener Fair reports that exhibits in Stuttgart more than double first show, July. p. 36.

Cardinal Fastener in Cleveland, July, p. 36.

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Guangzhou to host Chinese fastener show this December, Aug., p. 35.

Windy City Wire plans expansion, p. 10.

Belden to close 2 of its plants, p. 10.

Study: strong Chinese industrial fastener market to 2010, Sept., p. 38.

Dow Chemical to sell interest in VAM plant, p. 10.

Korean fastener event in Oct., Sept., p. 38.

Niehoff Open House draws well, p. 11.

IFMSA gives check to IFI, Sept., p. 38.

Evraz bids U.S. $2.3 billion for Oregon Steel, p. 12.

Fastener company denies fault in ‘Big Dig’ fatal collapse, Oct., p. 37.

Bekaert reports that it plans to make a major investment in Belgium plant, p. 12.

Two U.S. fastener groups form joint education committee, Oct., p. 38.

Morgan Construction sells 6th mill to Zhangjiagang Shajing Steel Co., p. 14.

MDNA and IFSMA to present pavilion at wire 2008, Oct., p. 38.

IEWC completes Colonial Wire buy, p. 14.

Orica Ltd. acquires U.S. mining bolt manufacturer, Nov., p. 38.

PolyOne acquisition to result in its 4th manufacturing site in China, p. 16.

Fastener Fair notes strong showing for Stuttgart, Nov., p. 38.

Anixter CEO: further fastener company acquisitions likely, Dec., p. 32.

Fiber Watch Pakistan contract calls for 107 cities to be fiber-connected, Jan., p. 34.

Tyco wins fiber system job, Jan., p. 34.

Fiber core: 50 million flexes, Jan., p. 34.

Submarine cable outage shows vulnerability in routes, Feb., p. 28.

FCC ruling boosts fiber, Feb., p. 28.

Verizon’s FTTH plan costly, Feb., p. 28.

Dell calls for bandwidth, March, p. 30.

Globacom chairman says Nigerian company continues on growth course, July, p. 34.

Ebner furnace a summer start-up, p. 16.

Trans-Asia-Europe fiber optic system to be expanded, July, p. 34.

Timken completes $215 million sale of Latrobe Steel subsidiary, p. 22.

Collective optical fiber resources create a major European force, Aug., p. 32.

AGC Chemicals Americas reports opening new site in Pennsylvania, p. 22.

Report notes use of polymer optical fiber, Aug., p. 32.

IWCS and ECA agree to cooperation agreement, plan closer relationship, p. 23.

Single mode fiber offers potential for home network applications, Aug., p. 32.

IWMA to hold Bangkok seminar, p. 23.

Corning announces FTTH technology breakthrough, Sept., p. 34.

Fujitsu awarded major contract from Flag Telecom, Oct., p. 36.

India’s Sterlite on rise in ratings for tech companies, March, p. 30.

Sterlite awarded contract for Pan-India optical fiber access network, Oct., p. 36.

Deutsche Telekom fiber project pits nation and EU, April, p. 30.

Prysmian: FTTH on road show, Oct., p. 36.

U.S. to aid American Samoa link, April, p. 30.

Alcatel-Lucent awarded EASSy contract for East Africa, May, p. 26.

Botswana project is launched, May, p. 26.

FTTX summits set for June, May, p. 26.

Corning reopens portion of Concord fiber facility, June, p. 24.

Fiber optic network planned for Indonesia, June, p. 24.

Fiber optic cables can withstand outdoor conditions, June, p. 24.

50 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Itasca buys assets of GS Automation, p. 16.

Iran reports electronic advances in education and in government, July, p. 34.

Nextrom buys Dätwyler, March, p. 30.

Internet growth rises in Africa, but pace remains slow, April, p. 30.

Wintwire uses Meltech equipment, p. 16.

CTEL subsidiary launches FTTH in Hong Kong, Nov., p. 36.

Danieli awarded India mill upgrade, p. 16.

Dyneon names Chemtech as distributor of polymer additives, p. 23.

Umicore and Zinifex to combine zinc units, p. 24.

Danieli updates jobs in Mexico, Saudi Arabia, p. 24.

AMSC to buy Austria’s Windtec, p. 24.

Industry topics discussed at AWPA fall meeting, p. 24.

Study sees bigger demand for bandwidth, investment, Nov., p. 36.

Industry News: February

IGI updates fiber report, Nov., p. 37.

Arcelor Mittal buys Sicartsa, p. 12.

Verizon reports milestone, Dec., p. 32.

Nucor to buy Canada’s Harris Steel, p. 12.

Report: offer fiber and they will come, Dec., p. 32.

Bekaert plans acquisition of Russian steel cord producer Uralkord, p. 12.

Draka notes color advance, Dec., p. 32.

2 billion pounds … and counting, p. 13.

Brazeway buys Mexico’s Sparvel, p. 13.

Industry News: January Sonoco to close, relocate Yuba City reel facility, p. 10.

Phelps Dodge acquisition likely by end 1st quarter, p. 10.

2007 Charles D. Scott award recipients named, p. 14.

Daikin America expansion done, p. 14.

Allied Wire adds stocking facility, p. 14.

2007 article index updated.qxp

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Nexans reports extended contract, announces completion of U.S. acquisition, p. 15.

Ajex & Turner to rep Metalube, p. 15.

Morgan Construction reports contract for Poland bar and wire rod mill, p. 18.

Zenergy reports product award, p. 18.

United Copper Ind. plans $20 million expansion of Texas plant, p. 19.

Windings Inc. files trademark suit against Commodity Cables, p. 19.

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Yazaki to close 2 U.S. plants, plans to move wire harness operations to Mexico, p. 15.

Air Products to expand plants, p. 16.

Belden to buy German company, p. 16.

Tyco wins survey contract for fiber link from UAE to Kenya, p. 19.

Candor Sweden names Bulk Chemical as rep., p. 19.

Industry News: April Coleman Cable to buy Copperfield for $213 million, p. 12.

WRCA acquires Wireline Works, p. 12.

Mid-South setting up wiredrawing operation in Scott City, Missouri, p. 12.

Nexans reports US$20 million power cable contract in Vietnam, p. 13.

AMSC reports record performance, p. 20.

Marmon Group sells Cerro Metal Products company to U.K. group, p. 13.

ABI projects users of DSL/cable to reach 480 million by 2012, p. 20.

Tropical Cable opens factory in Ghana to produce aluminum rods, p. 14.

Prysmian opens plant in Brazil for making cables for offshore use, p. 22.

Cable system to link Japan-Russia, p. 14.

IGI and FTM to join forces, p. 22.

Commercial Metals Co. increases its stake in Polish steel mill, p. 15.

Dynamex Corp. enters alliance with U.K.’s RG Attachments, p. 24.

General Cable buys Chinese facility, p. 15.

SYSTIMAX reports 10 Gb/s Ethernet performance is an industry first, p. 24.

Superior Essex to buy remainder of Nexans’ magnet wire business, p. 16.

InterWire Group to open South Carolina facility, p. 16.

High High Performance Performance ABS ABS Nexans reports underground contract with Swiss power company, p. 20.

Gore names Petsche as cable rep, p. 20.

Industry News: March Belden to buy LTK Wiring, p. 12.

General Cable unit wins high-voltage contract, p. 12.

EUROLLS acquires Cortinovis SpA’s wire and cable business, p. 12.

CTC in deal with Chinese firm, p. 13.

New name and office for Rosendahl and Nextrom, p. 13.

TAK Enterprises notes 25th anniversary, cites need to have global links, p. 13.

Nexans unit wins contract to be sole cable supplier for 39 new vessels, p. 14.

Sandvik Tooling to buy Diamond Innovations, p. 14.

India’s Tata Steel set to buy U.K.’s Corus Group for US$11.3 billion, p. 15.

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JANUARY 2008 51

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GenTek completes sale of NOMA assets to ECI, p. 16.

India’s Suprajit Engineering reports venture activity, auto cable order, p. 19.

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CommScope to buy Signal Vision, p. 14.

Morgan Construction improves rod mill in Moldova, p. 15.

CommScope completes its acquisition of Signal Vision Inc., p. 18.

New management for RAD-CON, p. 15.

Industry News: July

Corning fiber chosen for Faroe Island submarine cable project, p. 16.

Tata Steel plans to increase Asian wire production, key executive honored, p. 12.

Zenergy reports award for product innovation, p. 16.

Nexans notes contracts from Peru and Canada, p. 12.

Wheelabrator announces investment in Poland, p. 17.

Report: 2006 good for U.S. copper, p. 12.

New name for Powder Tech Int’l, p. 20.

DeMar notes change, new name, p. 20.

DISA Goff has new owner, name, p. 17.

U.S. nail producers file antidumping suit against China and UAE imports, p. 13.

Morgan Koch to represent SCOB, p. 20.

CMC’s Swiss subsidiary makes US$28 million bid for steel mill in Croatia, p. 18.

Gauder Group acquires J.A. Krafttechnology from Continuus unit, p. 13.

Sumitomo Electric reports shipments of new HTS wire to soon begin, p. 18.

Olex to supply cable for new Melbourne showpiece, p. 14.

Nexans and AMSC awarded contracts for big wind farm project, p. 19.

New location for Jouhsen-bungdens, p. 19.

Good exhibitor base reported for wire Moscow event on May 28-31, p. 20.

Zenergy to provide HTS technology for use in wind and hydropower projects, p. 22.

New name for Windings is REELEX, p. 22.

Industry News: May General Cable makes inroads in Asia, p. 10.

Lincoln Electric buys Polish co., p. 10.

Power cable project for Shanghai infrastructure awarded to Nexans, p. 10.

Gauder Group presented new tech at demonstrations at Roanne facility, p. 11.

DMKD to get a Danieli rolling mill, p. 14.

Industry News: June

ABB lands large power grid job order, p. 14.

General Cable to buy German company, p. 10.

Study projects good growth for U.S. structured cabling systems market, p. 16.

Swedish subsidiary opens plant in China, p. 10.

GCR Group includes Comapac srl, p. 16.

Woodside Capital acquisition merges two former competitors, p. 10.

WCISA names 2 scholarship winners, p. 20.

Sweden’s Liljedahlsbolagen AB reports making two acquisitions in Europe, p. 12.

2 companies part of copper manipulation settlement, p. 22.

Superior Essex to further its magnet wire base with Italian acquisition, p. 13.

Albermarle expands production of flame retardants, p. 22.

American Spring Wire acquires J&L Wire Cloth, p. 13.

SEI chooses REELEX® to package fiber optic cables, p. 22.

East African Cables opens 2nd plant, p. 14.

Fiber optic network set for Indonesia, p. 14.

SMS reports contract from Syria, p. 14.

Belden completes purchase of Lumberg Automation Components, p. 14.

AMSC and Nexans report test of power cable with 2G HTS wire, p. 16.

LS Cable reports cable orders, p. 12.

AMSC restructures, combines plants, cuts 37 jobs, p. 12.

New name for Superior Cables, p. 22.

Danieli reports on South African mill upgrade, wire rod line start-up in Italy, p. 24.

AESA Cortalloid names two U.S. representatives, p. 24.

Canada’s Titan Steel & Wire is now all owned by NV Bekaert SA, p. 27.

List names CommScope as a fortunate one (thousand, that is) company p. 27.

Mossberg a new U.S. rep. for Inhol/PTL brand, p. 16.

Industry News: August

SuperPower and Sumitomo Electric project results in record HTS cable, p. 17.

CommScope to acquire Andrew Corp.; higher bid makes the deal work, p. 10.

MMMS nears end expansion, p. 17.

Superior Essex buys rest of Essex Nexans, p. 10.

Belden to buy German company, p. 12.

Forming Systems Inc. to represent OMAS srl, p. 18.

Nexans lands contract from Yemen for voltage and instrumentation cables, p. 14.

Superior Essex reports completion of purchase of Nexans wire unit, p. 18.

52 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Tree Island Wire Income Fund reports plans to expand its wire holdings, p. 20.

VDMA president warns of the perils caused by counterfeiting of technology, p. 11.

Nexans signs a five-year, US$76 million deal with a Canadian utility company, p. 14.

TELE-FONIKA reports contract, growth last 15 years, p. 12.

Wire Russia shows continued growth, p. 19.

Composite Technology Corporation reports Chinese cable contract, p. 10.

ACIMAF celebrates its 20th; notes creation of WAI Italian Chapter, p. 11.

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Brazilian reel maker to open U.S. plant, p. 12.

Honduras president presents award for exporting to INTREFICA, p. 16.

Condat closes Henkel unit purchase, p. 12.

ISO: the next-generation standard is for voluntary social responsibility, p. 16.

Australia’s Rio Tinto to buy Alcan for huge sum: but will it pay off? p. 14.

Prysmian reports on offshore umbilicals in Brazil, completion of U.S. project, p. 18.

New location for Austria’s Plasmaitx, p. 18.

Leggett & Platt enters strategic alliance for software to foster innovation, p. 20.

Industry News: September WRCA to acquire German manufacturer of special wire ropes, p. 12.

Leoni to buy Spain’s Furas S.A., p. 12.

Prysmian to buy cable business of Nicco Corp., p. 12.

EIC/EM Expo to offer exhibits and full technical program this October, p. 13.

Nucor to buy LMP Steel & Wire, p. 14.

Morgan gets Turkish rod mill order, p. 14.

GMP-Slovakia invests in more reel machinery, p. 20.

CRU conference in featured presentations by key industry figures, p. 22.

Posco continuing on plans to build massive steel center in India, p. 24.

Severstal makes further investment in Lucchini, p. 24.

Belden sells Czech cable unit, completes exit from copper telecom cable, p. 27.

AMSC awarded 2 federal HTS contracts worth up to $21.7 million, p. 27.

Industry magazine halts publication, p. 14.

Pirelli expands Romania operation, has 30K metric ton steel cord capacity, p. 14.

Marmon Wire & Cable reports acquisition of TE Wire & Cable, p. 15.

Luvata gets European Commission okay for its acquisition of ECO SpA, p. 15.

Superior Essex gets okays to close deals with Invex and Nexans, p. 16.

TELE-FONIKA buys Ukrainian company, p. 16.

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Industry study: 3 big suppliers have two-thirds of U.S. SCS market, p. 20.

Bekaert and Mukand (India) to enter venture for stainless steel wire, p. 16.

Davis-Standard extrusion seminar set for October 2-3 at its headquarters, p. 20.

Hibernia Atlantic plans sub cable system, p. 16.

Southwire to supply SCR copper rod system to China company, p. 18.

Nucor Corp. to acquire Nelson Steel, p. 18.

Swiss-based Maillefer reports receiving order for 300th CV line, p. 21.

ABB reports expansion, double-digit growth in U.S./Canada, p. 24.

New wire company, North American Wire, created at former ISM site, p. 14.

Part of Morgan Construction Australian upgrade traces back 84 years, p. 22.

Germany’s Zumbach Electronic AG celebrates 50 years of business, p. 14.

X-Spooler plans move to a larger facility, sees growth ahead, p. 22.

Prysmian Cables & Systems to open new U.S. power cable plant, p. 15.

Industry News: November

Esteves-DWD buys Temsa die division, p. 15.

Chinese company to buy Copperweld Bimetallics, p. 12.

Leoni plans largest-ever acquisition of French wire harness business, p. 19.

Leoni company to acquire French wire harness business, p. 12.

TELE-FONIKA reports multiple contracts for wind farms, power uses, p. 19.

Prysmian Cables & Systems awarded 3-year contract from Australian company, p. 12.

U.K.’s Meltech Engineering and Confex Technology form new company, p. 20.

New home for Allied Wire & Cable, p. 13.

New name, headquarters, for Wire Rope Corp., p. 20.

Brothers buy August Strecker GmbH, p. 13.

Marmon Wire & Cable forms new cable unit, p. 14.

Morgan Construction reports on projects in Russia and Czech Republic, p. 16.

Niehoff opens Middle East office, p. 16.

Prysmian acquires New Zealand’s Int’l Wire & Cable Limited, p. 10.

Bekaert ends takeover talks with ZAO Uralkord, notes job cuts at Rome plant, p. 18.

VISCAS reports power cable orders from Singapore and South Africa, p. 11.

La Farga Group to build new copper rod facility, p. 18.

Prysmian wins $125 million contract for U.S. project, p. 11.

India’s Paramount Communications expands with buy of U.K. cable company, p. 20.

Citing market outlook, Bekaert to close plants in France, Australia, p. 12.

Alcan to have layoffs at cable plant in Quebec, p. 20.

PolyOne Corporation dedicates new color concentrates plant in Poland, p. 22.

CommScope sells property for $11 million, p. 14.

Bekaert to buy rest of Vicson S.A., p. 24.

New headquarters, same zip code, for Encore Wire, p. 14.

Prysmian awarded submarine link contract for COMETA project p. 24.

Tappan Wire & Cable is sold to management, p. 14.

American Superconductor a part of HTS venture for offshore wind farms, p. 26.

54 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Wire operations not part of major changes at Leggett & Platt, p. 12.

Arcelor-Mittal notes that it is #99, and now actually even better, p. 20.

National Standard celebrates centennial achievement this year, p. 27.

Gauder reports repeat order from Bahrain company, p. 12.

Coleman Cable to acquire Katy Industries unit, p. 12.

Eurolls celebrates 20th year of doing business with its partners, clients, p. 13.

Sikora expands Bremen site, cites strong growth in revenue and work force, p. 14.

General Cable Corp. to acquire former Phelps Dodge cable business, p. 10.

Nexans to make largest-ever acquisition: cable business of Madeco Group, p. 12.

Nitar Tech to buy AllSafe Cable, p. 20.

CMC subsidiary to build rolling mill, p. 24.

Industry News: October

Industry News: December

Prestolite Wire Corp. to stop manufacturing at Georgia facility, p. 22.

Wuhan Iron and Steel Group wins Bekaert award for quality, p. 22.

Kobe Steel expands production of welding wire at Netherlands unit, p. 24.

Davis-Standard plants in Connecticut, New York, are recognized for safety, p. 24.

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“Estimation of quality of copper coatings on low carbon steel wires,” by Wieslaw Waszkielewicz, Bogdan Golis, Ryszard Budzik, Jan W. Pilarczyk and Zbigniew Muskalski, Jan., p. 101.

Kazunari Yoshida, March, p. 200.

“Computer-aided tool design and simulation of the wire rolling process,” by Stefan Freitag, Albert Sedlmaier and Stefan Ruess, Jan., p. 106.

“Effect of high-quality wire rod and micro-alloying on properties of steel wire in PCCP,” by Surya Kumar Singh, April, p. 126.

“Improved wire rod properties resulting from controlled cooling in modern water box and Stelmor® conveyor cooling system,” by W.P. Krejdovsky, D.M. Jones and B.V. Kiefer, Feb., p. 56.

“Enhanced electromagnetic monitoring system for quality improvement of copper rod,” by Masoud Garshasb, April, p. 130.

“The evolution of wiredrawing coolant filtration and increased wire production and quality,” by Tom Horn, Feb., p. 62.

“Gaining market share in the energy sector,” by Premjeet Saggu and Knut Szemjonneck, Feb., p. 66.

Technical Articles: “Development of B-Nb micro-alloyed medium carbon steels with high ductility for severe wiredrawing,” by Mario Confente, André Lefort and Michael Klemm, Jan., p. 96.

“Nanotechnology: how small is the nanoworld in the cable industry,” by Hasan Cizmic, March, p. 196.

“Analyses and prevention methods for wire breaks in ultrafine gold wiredrawing,” by Tsutomu Yamashita and

“Electromagnetic (EM) non-destructive evaluation of steel wire ropes: a preview,”

by Debasish Basak, March, p. 204.

“Results of tension and compression wire tests after patenting and drawing,” by Fryderyk Knap and £ukasz Cieslak, April, p. 135.

“Tension straightening of a drawn superfine wire,” by Kazunari Yoshida, Kyotaro Sato, Tsutomu Yamashita, Huroyuki Sato, Eiji Matsunaga and Daiki Kato, May, p. 46.

“Pickling acid management–more than just recovery,” by William Gower, May, p. 51.

“FEM aided study on hydrostatic stress in drawing of high carbon steel wires,” by

Continuous Inductive-Conductive In-Line Annealer with contactless energy transfer

Buhler USA • 104 Live Oak Drive, Sunset Beach, NC 28468 Phone 910-575-3711 • Email info@buhler-usa.com • Web www.buhler-usa.com

JANUARY 2008 55

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Sten He, Paul Van Houtte, Jan W. Pilarczyk and Jaroslaw Markowski, May, p. 57.

“Wiredrawing breaks – A review of mechanical perspectives,” by Roger N. Wright, June, p. 48.

“Residual stresses and hydrogen embrittlement in cold-drawn eutectoid steel wires,”

by Jose Miguel Atienza, Manuel Elices, Jesus Ruiz-Hervias and Luis Caballero, June, p. 52.

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“Thermomechanical processing of spring steel rod with reducing sizing mills for improved properties and microstructure,”

by R.A. Varo, W.P. Krejdovsky and B.V. Kiefer, Nov., p. 71

Poland Chapter program firmed up: 33 papers to be presented, Feb., p. 31.

“Basic study of straightness in roller leveler straightening for bar in coil,” by Megumi Nagahira, Motoo Asakawa, Sigeyuki Aizawa, Masahi Motoda, Hironori Yoshida and Masahiko Amari, Nov., p. 76.

Ohio Valley Chapter members support Interwire 2007, March, p. 40.

“Method and material for manufacture of rectangular wire coil springs without dynamic strain aging,” by Anand Bhagwat and Steven S. Wray, June, p. 58.

1st woman president to lead New England Chapter, March, p. 38.

Poland Conference draws 100 plus attendees to Zakopane, April, p. 40.

Midwest Chapter’s 5th Annual Golf Tourney is June 5, April, p. 42.

Italy Chapter to hold its first meeting in June, May, p. 33.

Midwest Chapter nears tee-time for 5th Annual Tourney, May, p. 33.

“Optimization of pass schedule for copperclad steel wire,” by Cho Hoon, Jo HyungHo, Lee Kyong-Whoan and Kim Byung-Min, July, p. 88.

New England Golf tourney set, June, p. 32.

August 23: Southeast tourney, June, p. 32.

“Study on parameters influencing the corrosion of metallic coatings on wire exposed to marine environments,” by Robert Fabien, Malcolm Robertson and Anh V. Nguyen, July, p. 94.

Two winners names for New England Chapter scholarships, June, p. 32.

“Mordica Lecture,” by Harry Petrohilos, July, p. 99.

#13 a lucky number for New England golf tourney, July, 40.

“Comparison of the effectiveness of mechanical descaling against acid pickling for cleaning of low-carbon steel wire rod: a case study,” by Chitra Baid, Kamal Baid, Naveen Baid and Ashok Bagra, Aug., p. 64.

Top teams not only winners at Interwire tourney, July, p. 42.

“Ductility of pearlitic wires under different loading,” by Michael Zelin and Robert M. Shemenski, Aug., p. 69.

“Wetting behavior of aqueous lubricants,”

by Katherine Helmetag, Aug., p. 67.

“PVC compound influence on spark test failures; a manufacturing DOE study,” by Eric Bates, Sept., p. 74.

“Mathematical model simulating thinsteel wiredrawing in the presence of back tension,” by Vladimir Bitkov, Sept., p. 78.

“Metallurgical and wiredrawing performance comparison of ETP and oxygen-free copper,” by Masoud Garshasb, Sept., p. 84.

“Wired together,” by Don Sayenga, Oct., p. 72.

“Development of a virtual wiredrawing tool for process analysis and optimization,”

by Surya Kumar Singh, B.p. Gautham, Sharad Goyal, Amol Joshi and Dinesh Gudadhe, Oct., p. 81.

“Control of cable twist in the manufacture of steel tire cord,” by Thomas W. Tyl, Oct., p. 88.

56 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

WAI Southeast Chapter set for golf tourney in August, July, p. 39.

Midwest Chapter: a good time had by all at tourney, Aug., p. 40.

“Influence of heat treatment of TRIP steel wire rod on structure and mechanical properties,” by Jan W. Pilarczyk, Zbigniew Muskalski, Bogdan Golis, Sylwia Wiewiórowska, Maciej Suliga and Nicholas Nickoletopoulos, Nov.,p. 88.

WAI Southeast Chapter set for golf tourney in August, Aug., p. 41.

New England seeks to set new record for golf tourney, Aug., p. 41.

Mid-South Chapter offers Twin Tours at Talladega, Sept., p. 42.

“Effect of high-speed drawing on properties of high-carbon steel wires,”

by Ivo Nemec, Bogdan Golis, Jan W. Pilarczyk, Ryszard Budzik and Wieslaw Waszkielewicz, Dec. p. 63.

Wire New England: event offers 5 sessions, tabletops, Sept., p. 42.

“Effects of initial strength and initial diameter of as-patented state on delamination sensitivity of UHT steel cords,” by Takanari Hamada and Naoyuki Sano, Dec. p. 69.

Ohio Valley Chapter to Learn Lean (Manufacturing), Sept., p. 44.

“Effect of back-tension in drawing on diameter of bar and wire,” by Hiroaki Kubota, Motoo Asakawa and Satoshi Kajino,” by Selcuk Harput, Dec. p. 75.

WAI Chapter Corner New England Chapter meeting: Jan., p. 38.

Poland Chapter updates program for Zakopane, Jan., p. 38.

Wire Foundation makes N.E. scholarship less taxing, Sept., p. 44.

Mid-South Chapter returns to Hermitage Golf Course, Sept., p. 46.

7th Annual Western Chapter ‘Wild West Shootout’, Sept., p. 48.

A day for the ‘average birdie’ at Southeast Chapter tourney, Oct., p. 48.

Ohio Valley Chapter to Learn Lean (Manufacturing), Oct., p. 48.

Last call for Western Chapter’s 7th Annual ‘Shootout’, Oct., p. 51.

Tee-time nears for Mid-South Chapter golf tournament, Oct., p. 51.

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Record (not rain!) fell at New England golf tourney, Nov., p. 44.

Call for Papers for India conference on automotive wire, Oct., p. 39.

Mid-South Chapter tours TMS, visits Talladega speedway, Nov., p. 47.

Sept. 20 Wire Expo 2008 Points Meeting nets 210 units, Oct., p. 40.

Industry Hills repeats as good venue for Western Chapter golf tourney, Dec., p. 42.

Wanted: Wire Link scholar program applicants, Oct., p. 43.

Western Chapter will remember this meeting topic, Dec., p. 42.

WJI 2008 Reference Guide: is your company listed? Oct., p. 44.

Wire New England 07: Another chapter success story, Dec., p. 43.

WAI volunteers use Web to analyze Interwire 2007, Oct., p. 44.

WAI News

Wire Bologna 07 tech program offers 31 papers, Oct., p. 45.

WAI 2007: Report to members, Jan., p. 42.

Mexico seminar draws well, 2nd one to be held, Nov., p. 40.

2007 Association organizational chart, Jan., p. 44.

WAI subsidiary part of India ‘Call for Papers’ for January 17-18 conference on wire for auto uses, Nov., p. 43.

Moran to serve as 2007 WAI president, Jan., p. 45.

WAI subsidiary launches quarterly publication for India, May, p. 31.

Fundamentals to return to Interwire 2007, Jan., p. 46.

Call for Papers issued by WAI for Wire Expo 2008, June, p. 28.

Call for Papers is issued for Wire 07 Bologna conference, Jan., p. 46.

U.K. clockwinder to visit WAI headquarters in June, June, p. 28.

Phelps Dodge, WAI team up again for El Paso workshop, Feb., p. 30.

Reconvene scheduled for October 20-22 in Nashville, June, p. 31.

Best tech paper presentations in 2006 are named, Feb., p. 30.

Interwire tech programs: who attended and what did they want? July, p. 38.

U.K. ‘wire scholar’ to tour U.S., attend Interwire, March, p. 34.

WAI Membership Program adds 50+ members, July, 38.

WJI Reference Guide is on the way, March, p. 34.

And the survey of Interwire exhibitors says, Aug., p. 36.

Last call for El Paso workshop, March, p. 34.

Tabletop opportunities offered for Bologna ITC this November, Aug., p. 38.

Digital March WJI sent to members, international readers, April, p. 34.

Call for Papers issued by WAI for Wire Expo 2008 in Pittsburgh, Sept., p. 40.

Complete list of 2006 technical paper award winners, April, p. 34.

Mexico: event a “triple’ header, Sept., p. 40.

Good host, instructor, make for a solid workshop, May, p. 30.

U.K. wire scholar chosen, will attend Interwire, May, p. 30.

Future direction(s) among hot industry topics at Reconvene, Dec., p. 36.

Properzi and Loudon co-winners of 2008 Donnellan Memorial Award, Dec., p. 38.

2008 Mordica Memorial Award goes to Dr. Yalamanchili, Dec., p. 39. ■

Michael joins Board of Directors, Sept., p. 40.

Watend: person for Wire Link scholar program, Sept., p. 40.

WAI contact info Name Steven J. Fetteroll, executive director David B. LaValley, treasurer Mark A. Marselli, editor-in-chief Marc Murray, director of education Charles H. (Chip) Marsh, membership director Janice Swindells, director of marketing services Robert Xeller, director of sales

Phone 203-453-2777 203-453-2777 203-453-2777 203-458-0802 203-453-1748 203-453-2777 203-458-7578

e-mail sfetteroll@wirenet.org dlavalley@wirenet.org mmarselli@wirenet.org mmurray@wirenet.org cmarsh@wirenet.org jswindells@wirenet.org bxeller@wirenet.org

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Effect of additional shear strain layer on microstructure and tensile strength of fine drawn wire One finding in this study was that the crystal grain of the surface layer was subdivided more finely than that of the center layer.

By Satoshi Kajino and Motoo Asakawa

Fine wires (d = 0.1 mm) have been used in

mechanical and electrical applications, such as micro springs, micro pins, printer mesh, and cutting wire for Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM), silicon, quartzes, to name a few. In general, fine wires produced by the drawing process have high strength while maintaining ductility. The purpose of the present study is to clarify which characteristics of the fine wire drawing process contribute to these superior mechanical and metallurgical properties.

Several factors are considered. The first factor is a size effect. The area ratio of the crystal grain for the wire increases because the diameter is thinner. It is believed that the physical properties of fine wires are different from those of thicker wires. The second factor is the heat treatment effect. Fine wires heat and cool from the surface to the center evenly, so the microstructure of the surface is similar to that of the center. The third factor is the rapid cooling effect occurring during the fine wire drawing process, as compared to that of large wire. In wiredrawing, heat is generated. However, this heat is released rapidly in the case of fine wires. In addition to these three factors, a large shear deformation zone with a hardened layer, referred to as “the additional shear strain layer,� is generated beneath the surface layer of the wire1-2. This study considers how the additional shear strain layer affects the ten-

Fig. 1. Material coordinate system and measurement areas.

Fig. 2. {110} pole figures of 0.77 mm and 0.1 mm wire.

58 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

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Fig. 4. Crystal orientation of center layer.

Fig. 3. {001} pole figure of 0.77 mm and 0.1 mm wire.

sile strength of fine wires. The purpose is to determine its effect on the microstructure and tensile strength of fine wires.

Observation of crystal orientation Crystal orientation of texture at surface and center layer. In order to discuss the difference between surface and center layer metallurgically, the crystal orientation was observed at surface and center layer by EBSD. Two drawn wires were prepared at different diameters. A single wire was drawn continually from 5.5 mm to 0.77 mm (a 98% reduction). The other wire was drawn continually from 1.0 mm to 0.1 mm (a 99% reduction). The semi-die angle α was 7 degrees. After continual drawing, the crystal orientations were measured via EBSD longitudinally. Fig. 1 shows the material coordinate system and measurement areas. The EBSD measurement points were taken at the surface layer and at the center of both wires. The width of the measurement depended on the wire’s diameter (0.01 mm to 0.1 mm). The length of the measurement area was 0.1 mm, an adequate length to measure the crystal orientations. The {110} pole figures are shown in Fig. 2. It was ascertained that a fiber texture was generated in both wires.

Fig. 3 depicts the {001} pole figures of both wires. The {001} pole figures at the center of the wire are mostly the same. Fig. 4 shows the crystal rotation derived from the {001} pole figure. We can observe that

the {001} plane direction of the crystal lattice in Fig. 4 corresponds to the spots in the {001} pole figure.

The {001} pole figures of the surface layer was different from that of the center in both wires. The {001} center pole figures contained three spots. See Fig. 3 (a). However, six spots were observed in Fig. 3 (b).

Kajino Satoshi Kajino is a graduate student in mechanical engineering at the school of science and engineering at Waseda University, Japan. Dr. Motoo Asakawa is a professor in the mechanical engineering department at the school of science and engineering, Waseda University. He came to the university six years ago from Sumitomo Metals Co. He has studied both the process engineering and materials engineering of the mechanical parts of

To explain the presence of six spots in the {001} pole figure, it was proposed that two crystal orientations were generated. One was the same crystal orientation as that in the center layer (marked with the white circles in Fig. 4). Fig. 5 shows the second crystal orientation (marked with black circles). The two crystal orientations are symmetrical to

Asakawa cars, trains, aircraft, and construction and electric devices. He earned a doctoral degree in bar and rod rolling from Waseda in 1980. He is a recipient of Japan’s Okochi Memorial Prize, the Society for Technology of Plasticity Prize, the Institute of Metals Prize, and Iron & Steel Institute Prize. This paper was presented at WAI’s 76th Annual Convention, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, May 2006.

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Fig. 5. Crystal orientation of surface layer.

Fig. 6. {001} pole figures of surface layer during continual drawing.

Fig. 7. Rotation of crystal lattice during continual drawing.

Fig. 8. Crystal grain maps of 1 pass drawn wire.

Fig. 9. Ratio of crystal grain number in 1 pass drawn wire.

each other and in the drawing direction. The <110> direction of both crystal orientations relate to the drawing direction.

Fig. 6 shows the pole figure of the surface layer during continual drawing. In the case of a 2.6 mm wire, there was mainly one crystal orientation. However, in the case of a 1.7mm wire, it was ascertained that there

60 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Fig. 10. Crystal grain maps of annealed wire.

were two-crystal orientations. The first, marked with the white circles was the same orientation as shown in Fig. 4. The other orientation (marked with black circles) was generated by rotation around RD. As shown in Fig. 7, the crystal lattice was rotated around RD. The final crystal orientation corresponded to the crystal orientations shown

in Fig. 5. This crystal orientation demonstrated no further change with drawing.

Now, it was predicted that the rotation around RD was caused by the additional shear deformation. In addition, it was concluded that the crystal grain at the surface layer was finer than that at the center layer because of the rotation around RD, which

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resulted in the tensile strength of surface layer increasing more than that of center layer.

Measurement of cyrstal grain size

Fig. 11. Ratio of crystal grain number in annealed wire

Fig. 12. Misorientation map of center layer

To investigate the crystal subdivision, the crystal orientation was measured by EBSD along longitudinal direction. The 0.300 mm low-carbon steel wire was annealed at 1073°K for 30 minutes. Following this, the wire was drawn to 0.275 mm (a 16% reduction) at low speed (0.1 m/min). The kinematic viscosity of the lubricant was 1023 cSt. The length of the measurement was 0.1 mm, deemed adequate to measure the crystal orientation. The width was 0.04 mm corresponding to the depth of the additional shear strain layer. The measurements were made in increments of 0.5 μm as the spot diameter was 0.5 μm. Here, the grain boundary was defined when the misorientation angle θ between each spot was more than 2, 5, 8, and 15 degrees respectively.

Fig. 8 shows the crystal grain structure of a single-pass drawn wire at the 5 and 15 degree misorientation angle boundaries. In the case of the surface layer, as you can see, the crystal grain size was decreasing, as the boundary angle decreased. The crystal grain size was almost same at the 8 and 5 degree boundaries at the center layer. Fig. 9 shows the ratio of crystal grain of each angle boundary compared with that of 15 degrees: The ratio increased, as the misorientation angle decreased. Fig. 10 shows the crystal grain diagrams of the annealed wire. The crystal grain size was almost constant in both the surface and center layers. Fig. 11 depicts the ratio of crystal grain number of each angle boundary compared with that of 15 degrees. As shown here, the ratio was almost the same. Fig. 12 shows the center layer misorientation boundary diagrams. In the annealed wire, boundaries of more than 15 degrees were mainly observed. Also, there was no misorientation in the grain observed. However, for single-pass drawn wire, a misorientation of less than 15 degrees, as indicated by the arrow, was observed in the grain.

Discussion

Fig. 13. Nominal stress-strain diagram of original wire

Subdivision of crystal grain. The number of crystal grains increased as the boundary angle decreased in single-pass drawn wire.

This meant the crystal grains were subdivided by a misorientation angle of less than 8

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Fig. 14. FEM result of equivalent plastic strain after drawing.

Fig. 15. Tensile strength variation as surface layer was thinned.

Fig. 16. Relationship between boundary energy and misorientation angle è

Fig. 17. Relationship between ratio of crystal grain umber and misorientation angle è in low friction.

Fig. 18. Relationship between ratio of crystal grain umber and misorientation angle è in high friction.

Fig. 19. Tensile strength óB of removed area in low friction.

Fig. 20. Tensile strength óB of removed area in high friction.

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Table 1. Estimated tensile strength of surface layer.

Table 2. Estimated tensile strength of center layer.

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degrees. The crystal grain was not subdivided in annealed wire because the number of crystal grains was constant. It was suggested that a misorienation of less than 8 degrees was generated during the drawing process.

Between the surface and the center layer, a 5 degree boundary was generated at surface layer, while only a 2 degree boundary was generated at the center layer. It was estimated that the misorientation angle of the surface layer was more than that of center layer.

That is to say, the crystal was subdivided at surface layer more finely than at the center.

Work hardening and crystal grain subdivision is proposed as a factor responsible for the observed increase in tensile strength σB. Fig. 13 shows the stress-strain diagram of annealed 0.3 mm wire. Fig. 14 shows the equivalent strain after drawing in an FEM simulation. The equivalent plastic strain of the center layer was 0.20, while that of surface layer was 0.30 which was 1.5 times the value of the center layer. The work hardening was different between the surface and the center. The increase in tensile strength σB at the center layer was 30 MPa, and that at the surface layer was 50 MPa as demonstrated in the stress-strain diagram.

The tensile strength σB was calculated for each misorientation angle using Hall-Petch law as follows. Work hardening was considered using following formulas. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of these calculations.

σ = 7.5 * d -1/2 + 50

Eq. (1)

σ = 7.5 * d -1/2 + 30

Eq. (2)

σ : Tensile strength, d: diameter of crystal grain Eq. (1) was used for the surface layer and Eq. (2) was used for the center layer. The tensile test was performed as the surface layer was thinned. Fig. 15 shows the tensile strength σB after wire was thinned to diameter D. σB of the surface layer was strongest (530 MPa), and decreased from surface to center (400 MPa). The results for the 5 degrees boundary were closest to the experimental results in both the surface and center layers. Thus, we conclude that the 5 degrees boundary best models the tensile strength

σB at the grain boundary.

Fig. 16 shows the relationship between misorientation angle and boundary energy. It was determined that the boundary energy of the 5 degrees misorientation angle was almost half as much as the maximum boundary energy3. In addition, misorientation boundaries of more than 5 degrees were chemical-etched effectively by nitric acid and ethanol4,5.

In this research, it was possible to consider the 5 degrees misorientation as representative of the grain boundary which produced the tensile strength σB calculated using HallPetch law. The 2-degree boundary was observed at both the surface and center layers. It was considered that the angle was responsible for work hardening, however, this was not the grain boundary. The 2degree boundary did reflect the tensile strength σB as calculated by Hall-Petch law.

Effect of friction on crystal subdivision at surface layer It was assumed that the main cause of the crystal grain subdivision was the additional shear deformation generated by the friction between the die and the material. Fig. 17 and 18 show the relationship between the ratio of the crystal grain quantity of each angle boundary compared with that of 15degree boundary. In low friction, there was no difference between the surface and center layers. However, in high friction, the crystal quantity of the surface layer increased as the misorientation angle decreased. Therefore, the crystal grains were subdivided. In particular, the 5-degree misorientation angle boundary was observed in only the surface layer. The tensile test was performed as the surface layer was thinned with electro-polishing. Figs. 19 and 20 show the tensile strength σB of the removed area. In low friction, the tensile strength was almost constant, but in high friction, σB decreased from surface to center. In this result, it was estimated that the 5-degree boundary produced the tensile strength σB. Friction, therefore, was an important factor for generation of the 5-degree boundary and subdivision of crystal grain.

Conclusions The crystal grain subdivision of the surface layer was investigated, after a low carbon steel 0.300 mm wire was drawn to 0.275 mm (16% reduction). The following conclusions were made.

(1) The crystal grain of the surface layer was subdivided more finely than that of the center layer, because misorientation angle was larger.

(2) A misorientation angle of more than 5 degrees was considered as the grain boundary. This misorientation contributed to the tensile strength.

(3) Friction is an important factor for the generation of the observed 5-degree boundary and the subdivision of crystal grain.

References 1. N. Inakazu., Metal drawing and fiber texture, First edition, Kindai Hensyu Ltd. 2. S. Kajino and M. Asakawa, Metal Forming 2004, Proceedings, 2004, pp. 635639.

3. S. Kouda, Introduction to Metal Physics, Corona Publishing, Co., Ltd. 4. S. Torizuka, et al, Scripta Mat., 2006.

5. S. Torizuka, et al, Tetsu-to-Hagane, Vol. 88, 2000, pp. 857-864. ■

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A wiredrawing teaching laboratory at Rensselaer Drawing measurements and different lubricants were part of an undergrad program taught at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

By Roger N. Wright

The undergraduate degree program in

Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute includes two required senior-year courses, namely Synthesis & Processing of Materials I and II. Each of these courses involves four laboratory intensive segments that focus on a given high volume (tonnage, dollars, etc.) materials processing technology. One of these segments addresses rod and wire drawing. The objective of this paper is to set forth the content of this educational element, so that it might provide useful guidance to others in education, and so that its elements might be adopted, as appropriate, for technical support operations in the wire industry.

Laboratory operations The experimental portion of the drawing study sequence involves four 2-hour sessions. Laboratory drawing is normally undertaken on a 7-ton capacity bench, although block drawing is available. The bench die holder is equipped with a “doughnut” load cell, upon

which the die is seated. Lubricant is applied by pulling the rod through a reservoir immediately upstream from the die and/or by spraying the lubricant on the rod before drawing. Drawing temperature is measured on the moving rod at the die exit with a contact thermocouple. Pointing is achieved by

Lecture content The drawing study sequence starts with four 50-minute lectures undertaken on two days of a given week. These lectures are supported by basic engineering treatments of drawing and related deformation processes in Manufacturing Processes for Engineering Materials, Fourth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid (Prentice Hall, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ), as well as by material from this author’s publications and short course materials1-3. Topics include basic process descriptions of bar, rod, wire and tube drawing (including commercial equipment), process modeling, friction-lubrication-surface quality, thermomechanical heating, and drawability.

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Table 1. Average drawing stresses and coefficients of friction (as per Eq. (4)) determined from drawing CPM REX 76® (AISI M48) tool steel rod with six different lubricants.

Table 2. Theoretical adiabatic drawing temperature (as per Eq. 3) and measured drawing temperature determined from drawing CPM REX 76® (AISI M48) tool steel rod with six different lubricants.

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Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of the as-received tool steel rod surface. The rod axis runs from lower left to upper right, and the tool marks from centerless grinding run perpendicular to the rod axis.

Image magnifications are a) 50x, b) 125x and c) 250x. swaging. Laboratory groups include five or six students, supervised by the author and/or a graduate assistant.

The workpiece material has generally been centerless-ground tool steel rod, provided by Crucible Specialty Metals Corporation, Syracuse, NY. The average rod strength or flow stress in drawing is estimated from hardness measurements, consistent with the short term drawing study format (tensile testing is costly and time consuming, problematically requiring a reduced section for tool steel).

Carbide dies are used. The die angle is confirmed by impressions made with 3M ESPE Express Standard Putty, a material generally used in dentistry. The impressions are imaged with an overhead projector for angle measurement, etc. When a drawing break occurs, albeit rarely, the break and related process history are examined in detail, using a scanning electron microscope, among other tools.

Data collection and analysis are undertaken in the context of the following draw stress equation:

to determining the incoming and outgoing rod diameters, the drawing force, the die angle and the estimated average flow stress.

The measured die exit drawing temperature is compared with the adiabatic, equilibrated theoretical relationship: Tdrawing = To + (σd) /(ρ C),

Eq. (3)

where Tdrawing is the exit temperature, To is the initial temperature, ρ is the density of the wire, and C is the heat capacity of the wire.

The students write individual reports.

There are two parts to each report. The first part is a formal description of the objectives, theory, procedures, results and implications of the laboratory. The second part, in a form at the discretion of the students, is an “essay” on an aspect of the technology of particular interest to the students. Emphasis may be on a new idea, a detailed consideration of a subtlety, or on an expanded analysis of a aspect of the basic laboratory.

Results from fall 2006 laboratory

σd /σo = [(3.2/Δ) + 0.9] (α + μ), Eq. (1)

where σd is the drawing stress, σo is the average rod flow stress, α is the die semi-angle in radians, μ is the coefficient of friction, and Δ= (α / r) [1+ (1-r)½]2 ,

Eq. (2)

with r being the decimal area reduction in the pass.1 Thus, students are attentive

This drawing laboratory was undertaken in the fall semester of 2006, with 11 students, divided into groups of five and six. The objective was to compare the performance of a series of lubricants, in terms of the back-calculated coefficient of friction, and in terms of rod surface appearance. The coefficient of friction calculation simply involves a rearrangement of equation (1), such that:

Wright Professor Roger N. Wright, who joined the faculty at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1974, has contributed broadly to the literature in the areas of metallurgy and metals processing, and is active as a short course lecturer and consultant. He previously worked at Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation and Westinghouse Electric. He holds B.S. and Sc.D. degrees in metallurgy from Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

He has received The Wire Association International’s (WAI) Mordica Memorial Award and is a four-time winner of the WAI Marshall V. Yokelson Memorial Award. He is a registered professional engineer and a fellow of ASM and SME. This paper was presented at WAI’s 77th Annual Convention, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, June 2007.

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Fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of the tool steel rod surface after drawing with calcium stearate lubrication. The rod axis/ drawing direction runs from upper right to lower left; vestigial tool marks are from centerless grinding run perpendicular to the rod axis. Image magnifications are a) 50x, b) 125x and c) 250x.

μ = (σd/σo) / [3.2/Δ) + 0.9]– α .

Eq. (4)

The workpiece material was centerless ground CPM REX 76® (AISI M48) super high speed tool steel rod at a diameter of 7.16 mm (0.282 in). The average hardness of the rod was Rockwell C 30.2, corresponding to a tensile strength of 955 MPa (138.6 ksi) on standard hardness conversion tables.

This value of tensile strength was used, categorically, as the average flow stress of the wire during drawing. The initial length of the rods was 122 cm (48 in).

The die employed was of carbide with an exit diameter of 6.52 mm (0.257 in) and a measured die semi-angle of 0.076 radians (4.35º). The area reduction in the pass was 17% (r = 0.17). Thus, the value of Δ was 1.6. The end of the rod was pointed by swaging to a diameter of 6.47 mm (0.255 in). The drawing speed was about 10 cm/s (0.3 ft/s).

Six lubricants were evaluated, namely: 1) calcium stearate, 2) a petroleum jelly, 3) a lithium grease, 4) a synthetic motor oil, 5) a spray-on silicone polymer, and 6) WD-40®.

The results from the drawing trials are summarized in Tables 1 and 2.

Four rod surface qualities were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, as displayed in Figs.

1-4. The predominant feature of the asreceived rod surface is the presence of circumferential striations that are tool marks from the centerless grinding operation. These striations provide a useful reference for comparing the

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behavior of the several drawing lubricants. During drawing, contact between the die surface and the rod results in “ironing” or abrasion of the tool marks, reflecting the thickness and general mechanical response of the lubricant layer.

Table 1 shows the average drawing stresses and coefficients of friction (as per Eq. (4)) determined from drawing CPM REX 76® (AISI M48) tool steel rod with six different lubricants. The drawing stress range was about ± 5%, and the friction coefficient range was about ± 7% during the individual tests.

Table 2 shows the theoretical adiabatic drawing temperature (as per Eq. (3)) and measured drawing temperature determined from drawing CPM REX 76® (AISI M48) tool steel rod with six different lubricants.

Remarks on laboratory results The values of the coefficients of friction are low, though physically reasonable. First of all, values cited for commercial solid soap drawing are generally in the 0.02 to 0.05 range. Second, the circumferential grooving of the workpiece, from centerless grinding, may facilitate lubrication by providing “bucket-like” transfer of lubricant into the drawing cone.

The surface topography characterization is interesting. Drawing with calcium stearate and WD-40 ® lubricants clearly leads to surface ironing, especially in the case of WD-40. Drawing with lithium grease seems to have

smoothed the surface somewhat, but with a ragged character. These limited observations involve a correlation of lower friction coefficients with increased surface smoothing. This is somewhat surprising, because one normally sees surface smoothing and brightening with higher-friction, boundary lubrication. Perhaps the degree of surface smoothing at these low drawing speeds correlates simply with the thickness of the lubricant film, where such thickness certainly has no hydrodynamic contribution.

The variations in drawing temperature directly reflect the variations in drawing stress, which in turn reflect the variations in friction. The close agreement of the measured drawing temperatures with the adiabatic calculation may be somewhat fortuitous. Certainly one might expect that the contact thermocouple would fail to register the full contact temperature in such a rough contact. Moreover, some loss of heat to the die should be expected at the slow drawing speed. Yet, some measured drawing temperatures actually exceed the adiabatic theoretical value. This probably reflects the presence of unequilibrated surface frictional heating so close to the die exit, as well as residual thermomechanical heating from swaging. One should not apologize too much for good agreement, however.

Certainly the meaningfulness of drawing temperature measurement is clearly demonstrated.

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Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of the tool steel rod surface after drawing with lithium grease lubrication. The rod axis/drawing direction runs from upper right to lower left, and the vestigial tool marks from centerless grinding run perpendicular to the rod axis. The magnifications of the images are a) 50x, b) 125x and c) 250x.

Student ‘Essay’ topics As noted above, the student reports contain a major section devoted to their choice of an aspect of the technology of particular interest.

The following topics were selected by the 11 students in the fall semester, 2006 class: swaging mechanics (2), lubricant behavior (2), dieless laser drawing, safety in drawing, die design, die maintenance, die materials, wire drawing history, and the use of oxygen in steelmaking.

Summary The undergraduate degree program in Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute includes a laboratory intensive segment

that addresses rod and wire drawing.

The content of the fall 2006 semester work has been presented, focusing on tool steel rod drawing measurements, utilizing six different lubricants. Lubricant behavior was characterized by calculation of coefficients of friction and

by SEM characterization of the asdrawn surface. Drawing temperature measurements agreed well with theoretical projections. In addition to basic laboratory write-ups, student reporting included essays on drawing-relevant topics of particular interest.

als, 1981, American Society for Metals (Metals Park, OH), pp. 409-28.

3. R. N. Wright, WireDrawing 101®, course notes, 2006.

Acknowledgments The author wants to recognize the class participation contributions of the following RPI students: Alicia Castagna, Andrea Catelotti, Adam Heitmann, Dino G. Htira, Matthew Johnson, Dan Krauss, Dan Newman, Siddharth Pathi, Jeremy C. Phillips, Kate Phillips and Bob Sammons. ■

References 1. R. N. Wright, Wire Technology, 1976, Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 57-61.

2. R. N. Wright, Process ModelingFundamentals and Applications to Met-

Fig. 4. Scanning electron micrographs of the tool steel rod surface after drawing with WD-40® lubrication. The rod axis/drawing direction runs from lower left to upper right, and the vestigial tool marks from centerless grinding run perpendicular to the rod axis. Image magnifications are a) 50x, b) 125x and c) 250x.

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New TCHP drawing dies with unprecedented performance Tests on cast iron using nanocomposite materials showed impressive results, with further recent results indicating that the technology may be able to extend the life of traditional wiredrawing dies by a factor of seven.

Richard E. Toth, John M. Keane and Ivi Smid

Tool materials offering the highest

toughness and wear resistance attributes combined with a low coefficient of friction are produced by individually coating hard 0.5-2.0 micrometer core particles (e.g., diamond, cBN, Al2O3, ...) with tough materials (e.g., tungsten carbide + cobalt), which in the sintering or thermal-cladding process become a contiguous matrix.

This revolutionary class of designednanostructure materials called ToughCoated Hard Particles (TCHPs, or Etern-Aloy速) is being produced by Allomet Corporation, which engineers and produces specialty nanocomposite pseudoalloys. TCHPs can provide an unprecedented integration of multiple property extremes in ultra-performance tools, mechanical components and thermally applied coatings. For example, TCHP wire, tube, extrusion and forming dies; nozzles; and cutting tools can be engineered such that hardness of dia-

mond and chemical inertness of cubic boron nitride are simultaneously and seamlessly available throughout an entire structure having fracture toughness greater than that of tungsten carbide. Merging previously unattainable material-property combinations is accomplished by preventing formation of undesirable alloys and mechanical or thermal property enhancements.

TCHP tools, dies, and nozzles have a very uniform distribution of hard phase particles in a tough 50-450 nanometer WC-Co coating and crystalline matrix.

As many unique thermal and mechanical properties can coexist throughout the structure of a TCHP variant as there are different core particle materials present in the uniform tough substrate. Fig 1 shows a 5000x SEM photos of the TCHP coated powder, and 1000x and 5000x SEMs of the consolidated structure. Note in the lower SEM that the WC shell thickness is 50 to 200

nanometers, and the matrix is comprised of 50-250 nanometer WC crystals in Co. TCHP structure The smallest tungsten carbide powders available are in the 200-500 nm range.

After milling with cobalt powders of about equal diameters, the resulting carbide fines are preferentially dissolved by cobalt during sintering. During cooling, the saturated liquid phase reprecipitates and nucleates on undissolved WC particles, causing grain growth. Consequently, the smallest practical sintered grain size is about 500-800 nm.

An inherent advantage of TCHP powders over classical WC-Co mixes is that the Co binder in TCHP is more uniformly distributed throughout the powder than is possible by any known mixing or milling process. Cobalt is ultrauniformly deposited, atom-by-atom, onto the surface of each WC-coated

Fig. 1. TCHP particles and sintered nanostructure. Alumina core particles (2 microns) individually CVDcoated with tungsten carbide + cobalt. Left and right insets 5000x; middle inset, 1000x.

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TCHP particle, with exactly the targeted Co:WC ratio until the desired Co:WC ratio is almost perfectly uniformly distributed on every TCHP particle throughout the powder. The sintered TCHP structure in Fig. 1 shows much finer WC nanocrystals. As the TCHP process is optimized, this structure and other factors are expected to leverage high mechanical properties and premium performance.

Cutting test design/procedure This study examined the performance characteristics and wear behavior of the first TCHP cutting inserts compared with top-rated, manufacturer-recommended (traditional) TiCN/Al2O3 CVDcoated tools optimized for machining G-2 gray cast iron. The test also included a top-rated commercial uncoated WC-Co carbide insert typically used for cast iron machining.

The benefits of CVD-coatings have never been widely applicable in drawing die and nozzle applications. First, CVD coating small holes generally leaves a very thin wear layer with a short life. Second, dies are routinely relapped to larger diameters in the die draft practice, thus rendering reworked CVD coated dies no better than ordinary carbide dies and complicating drawing machine die change practices.

Diamond die costs have been generally hard to justify in most applications, especially in ferrous wire applications.

For these reasons, conventional uncoated tungsten carbide remains the drawing die material of choice, especially in critical applications such as steel tire cord and beadwire.

The test was designed to evaluate the improved wear characteristics of TCHP cutting tools in comparison with the best commercially available inserts.

Cutting tools—rather than dies—were chosen for the first tests because, as single-point tools, their performance and analysis is statistically less complicated than for wire drawing dies. Test inserts are also far easier to produce.

Cast iron workpieces were selected because its 3.25% C, 2.4% Si, and 0.8% Mn content gives it a highly abrasive nature that challenges even the most sophisticated conventional CVD coated inserts. High speed dry machining is desired but is often impossible due to

Article update Editor’s Note: Since this paper was presented, the authors have conducted further tests. Below is their update.

EternAloy ® wire dies (see Fig. 3) from Allomet Corp. (allomet.net) have performed consistently drawing 1070 wire in production mode in customers’ plants using their machines and operators, die practices, speeds and other wiredrawing parameters, lubricants and

the high heat generated that rapidly softens most tools and accelerates wear rates. Because cast iron machined without coolant at any speed creates airborne abrasive dust that requires flooding to eliminate it is normally machined with coolant (wet).

Powder from the first TCHP production lot produced from Allomet’s new process was hot-pressed and EDM’d into SNU-432 inserts for cutting trials.

The TCHP core particle material chosen was monocrystalline alpha alumina (Al2O3).

All cutting corners were inspected optically (at 25X and 50X) for irregularities and questionable corners were excluded from use. Approved square cutting inserts (SNU432 style) were individually labeled. The cast iron had a hardness of 241 BHN. Five 6.5” diameter bars, 36” long were obtained, cut to 18” long (for work holding stability), and all scale was removed.

Three grade G2 gray cast iron machining tests were conducted under aggressive conditions to accelerate adhesive wear, built-up edge (BUE), and especially abrasive crater and flank wear (somewhat analogous to die wear). Different speeds, feeds, and depth-of-cut settings were specified both with and without coolant as follows: These machining parameters were: 700 sfm (213 m/min), .008” ipr (0.2 mm/rev), .080” (2.0 mm) depth of cut, without coolant (Dry); 1000 sfm (305 m/min), .008” ipr (0.2 mm/rev), .060” (1.5 mm) doc, without coolant (Dry); and 1000 sfm (305 m/min), .008” ipr (0.2 mm/rev), .060” (1.5 mm) doc, with coolant (Wet).

To ensure test integrity and minimize

preferred benchmark dies.

The die life multiple using TCHP dies is about 7x and worn dies are reusable/relappable in excess of five times as larger holes upstream in the die practice. Therefore, as long as all dies are of TCHP, no special management is required in the same manner as with conventional carbide dies. The wear progress has been extremely “linear,” with no “hockey-stick” wear acceleration near end-of-life, sudden failures, or significant wire ovality.

Rick Toth is the inventor of ToughCoated Hard Particles (TCHP) and founder of Allomet Corporation, North Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, USA. He was with Associated Materials, Inc. for nine years as president and CEO of Allomet (an Amercord, Inc. spinoff company) and president and CEO of Amercord, Inc. He has over 40 years’ experience in manufacturing management of tires, rubber, steel cord, and composite metallic powders. He holds degrees in production management and machine design/materials science at the University of Illinois. Dr. John M. Keane is Vice President of Technology and Quality for Allomet Corporation.

Prior to Allomet, he spent 17 years with Valenite, a manufacturer of carbide cutting tools and wear parts. He has over 25 years of experience in advanced materials development and materials characterization (carbides, ceramics, steels). He holds B.A. and Ph.D. degrees in chemistry and an MBA, and has received several academic awards. Dr. Ivi Smid is Associate Professor of Engineering Science and Mechanics at Pennsylvania State University. He is associate editor of the International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials. He has a Ph.D. in physical phemistry from University of Vienna. His areas of expertise include: coating of particles, and powder metallurgy in general; net-shaping and consolidation of refractory, among others. This paper was presented at WAI’s 76th Annual Convention, Boston, Massachsetts, USA, May 2006.

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favoring any tool due to possible cast iron microstructural variations, inserts were removed from the toolholder and inspected at regular intervals for signs of wear and possible failure and alternated in and out of the toolholder. All inserts were periodically checked thoroughly at these regular intervals. Progressive flank and rake face wear characteristics were noted at each interval and optical photos were taken. Responses such as load % (power, cutting force), noise level, chip type and workpiece surface finish were documented during and after each test interval.

The combined criteria used to determine End-of-Life (EOL) were: (1) power required during cut (via ammeter); (2) optical evaluation (at 25X and

50X) of nose, crater, coating, & flank wear; (3) optical evaluation of workpiece surface finish; and (4) acoustic change (audible noise). The test conditions, EOL criteria, and findings are summarized in the next section. To differentiate slight performance differences between the TCHP and benchmark CVD-coated inserts, many more corners would need to be tested and evaluated.

Test observations and results Test 1. Dry machining at 700 sfm.

After the initial two minute cut, the TCHP insert showed the lowest power required (lowest cutting force) and the best surface finish. The uncoated WC-6Co benchmark insert emitted a

Fig. 2. Scar wear comparions. Test 1: Dry machining G2 grey cast iron at 700 sfm (213 m/min), .008 ipr (0.2 mm/rev) and .080 in. (2.0 mm depth-of-cut. Tests 2 and 3: Dry and wet machining G2 grey cast iron at 1000 sfm (305 m/min), .008 ipr (0.2 mm/rev) ands at .060 in. (1.5 mm)) depth of cut. * 2nd coated castiron optimized benchmark insert: EOL 30 vs. TCHP 40 min.

70 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

very loud high-pitched noise, lots of sparking and the highest power used.

After two minutes of cutting time, photos showed light flank wear on the TCHP and both benchmark tools. The uncoated benchmark was already heavily worn and it failed at only 3 minutes with lots of sparking. This tool showed extreme flank, nose, and crater wear, plus BUE. In contrast, both the TCHP and the benchmark CVD-coated tools continued cutting until they reached their respective EOLs at 47 min, more than 15 times longer than the uncoated carbide.

EOL was primarily determined by the rapid increase in cutting force power requirement.

The first TCHP insert performed very well under these extremely harsh dry cutting conditions and matched the tool life of the cast iron coated benchmark tool. The pre-dominant failure mode of the TCHP insert was crater wear. It also showed some flank wear but it maintained a very sharp and well defined cutting edge after this long cutting time.

The coated benchmark tool failed (due to flank wear and nose fracture) once the coating was worn through. There was significant buildup at the cutting edge but minimal crater wear due to the thick and adherent alumina coating.

Once the coating was worn through, insert performance degraded rapidly.

(See Fig. 2 for wear scar comparisons.)

Test 2. Dry machining at 1000 sfm.

Higher cutting speeds generate higher temperatures that markedly shorten tool life. To evaluate the impact of more aggressive cutting on these first TCHP lot inserts, machining conditions were changed to 1000 sfm, .008â&#x20AC;? ipr, and .060â&#x20AC;? doc.

Both the TCHP and benchmark inserts used similar power requirements. Surface finish was slightly better for the benchmark insert than for the TCHP insert throughout the test.

Rake face wear scars on both tools were broader than those at 700 sfm as expected. Illustrating the effects of the higher cutting speed, the amount of wear for the TCHP and benchmark inserts was about the same after 12 minutes at 1000 sfm as the amount of wear after 27 minutes cutting at 700 sfm.

Substantial amounts of buildup were found on both the TCHP and the benchmark insert at their EOLs; both demon-

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strated very similar performance under these highly aggressive conditions.

The benchmark insert showed rake face coating spallation and nose and flank wear until its nose catastrophically fractured off at 20 minutes EOL. The TCHP insert ran well under these aggressive conditions with no apparent problems caused by chip weld, pullout, or built-up edge (BUE). Crater wear was the predominant failure mode at its 19 min EOL, comparable with that of the benchmark performance.

Test 3. Wet machining at 1000 sfm. To evaluate the performance of TCHP and benchmark inserts under normal wet machining, coolant was used while machining at 1000 sfm, .008” ipr, and .060” doc. Also included in this test was a coated CNMA 432 insert from a second cutting tool manufacturer.

Photos taken at intervals and EOL showed crater wear was much less pronounced on the TCHP insert under wet conditions than dry. A small crater had begun to form after 10 minutes of cutting time. The benchmark insert coatings had begun to chip and spall off at the nose edge and rake face after only 10 minutes. Crater wear of the TCHP insert and flank wear of the traditional coated insert progressed and at 30 minutes cutting time, there was significant BUE on both the TCHP and top-rated inserts. Crater wear of the TCHP insert did not increase much after 30 minutes, but the benchmark tool rapidly degraded until a portion of the nose broke off at its EOL at 35 minutes (primarily determined by cutting force required).

At 40 minutes EOL, the TCHP insert outlasted both coated benchmark cast iron cutting grades. The primary benchmark insert reached EOL at 35 minutes (TCHP advantage: 14%), and the second benchmark insert reached EOL at 30 min. (TCHP advantage: 33%). Coating chipping, exposing the bare substrate below, followed by increasing buildup and adhesive wear, led to nose fracture. The TCHP edge did not break down until 40 minutes of cutting time under these conditions.

Comparison of TCHP and CVDcoated inserts A. Benchmark test inserts. The benchmark CVD cutting tool inserts have been optimized for decades and had the

Fig. 3. Photo of dies made with TCHP materials.

latest improved coating configurations.

These improvements include a maximum coating thickness of 14-18 microns (6-8 micron alumina layer to reduce crater wear, 7-8 micron MTCVD Ti(C,N) layer to reduce flank wear, and an outer 1-2 micron TiN layer). The benchmark coated tools failed due to flank wear and nose fracture once the coating was worn through. There was minimal crater wear. Once the coating was worn through, insert performance degraded very rapidly.

B. TCHP Test Inserts. The first TCHP lot was based on 2-μm Al2O3 particles coated with WC and an outer layer of Co. The TCHP inserts had little to no edge preparation but maintained sharp edges until EOL in most instances. Tool wear evaluated by optical microscopy at selected machining intervals revealed crater wear as the predominant failure mode, with minimal flank wear. Crater wear eventually progressed to a point where edge breakdown was just starting to occur at EOL. The failure mode was repeatable from corner to corner.

Test conclusions Under very aggressive conditions and with no catastrophic failures, six TCHP (Tough-Coated Hard Particle) cutting tool edges from Lot 1 of Allomet’s new process consistently performed substantially equivalent to (or better than) benchmark commercial tools for the normal (flooded) cutting mode for cast iron. High heat and pressure during dry machining severely deforms most cutting tools, causing catastrophic failure.

No TCHP tools failed catastrophically.

With no material optimization or edge polishing, the TCHP maintained a distinct cutting edge in these tests. The bar chart (see Fig. 4) summarizes the EOL test results.

TCHP wire die performance After the insert tests, the authors believed that double digit life multiples might be possible for TCHP wire, tube, extrusion, and forming die applications relative to conventional carbide dies.

The basis for this prediction was the at least partially analogous sliding wear mechanisms of (a) cutting insert flanks and (b) a die reduction angle cone.

The metallurgical and mechanical transformation of wire during drawing has been studied in depth. Wiredrawing stress is proportional to the reduction ratio, and if the die angle is small, thin axial slices of thickness dx may be assumed to be cylindrical. The radial pressure profile between the die and the wire at each slice can be determined and the normal force profile can thus be quantified as a factor of dx/cos (α/2)*.

This data may be used to develop pressure/wear correlations and predictive die wear models.

The insert tests suggested that TCHP inserts maintain a sharper cutting edge longer than the benchmark inserts and TCHP flank wear was relatively lower.

Under challenging conditions, the alumina-based TCHP inserts lasted 47 min utes at 700 sfm Dry, comparing favorably with the best benchmark tools. The

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Fig. 4. Test comparison of TCHP inserts with traditional inserts.

Fig. 5. Schematic showing metal cutting and wire forming models*.

Fig. 6. Comparative insert and die data**.

UNcoated carbide cast iron grade insert tested at 700 sfm dry, lasted only three minutes, i.e., cutting cast iron dry, the TCHP insert life was over 15X that of the carbide insert.

A comparative review of operating parameters** in the TCHP test and for a new 13-block Morgan-Koch rod breakdown machine to produce steel tire cord (see Fig. 5) was made and presented at Wire Expo 2006. It was found to be 72 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

highly likely that the conditions under which cutting tools operate are generally more severe than for most wiredrawing dies. First, forming medium to high carbon steel rod for tire cord is, overall, arguably less challenging than cutting cast iron. Second, the cast iron cutting speed, at 305 m/min, was more than 5X that used on the first die of the drawing machine. Third, the power consumed by the two operations is about equal at 12

kW, but the cutting surface area upon which the cutting forces consuming that power are (at a measured 4.25 mm2) an order of magnitude smaller in the case of the cutting tool. If the die bearing area were included, the cutting tool surface would be almost two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the die.

The temperatures at the cutter-iron interface of 800-1000ºC compared with 250-350ºC on most of the drawing die surface with a possible 450ºC peak just at the wire entrance ring. See Fig. 6.

From the above 15X multiple and comparative data, it was predicted that a TCHP die life multiple of 20-22X that of an uncoated carbide die is reasonable. As much harder particles such as B 4 C, TiB 2 , cBN, diamond, and diamond + cBN are incorporated, the TCHP wear multiples are expected to be double-digit multiples that of coated carbide inserts as development of this new material class continues.

Bibliography * Tlusty, J., Manufacturing Processes and Equipment, Prentice Hall, 2000, pp.

253-257. ** Part of the drawing machine data were provided by Dr. R. M. Shemenski of RMS Consulting, 204 Sutton Ave NE, North Canton, OH 44720.

Reference was also made to Shemenski, R.M., et al., “Finite Element Analysis of Die Geometry for Drawing Steel Wire,” Wire Journal International, May 2005, pp. 60-65. ■

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Products Reverse bending wire descaler described as a good alternative to acid pickling At Interwire 2007, Italy’s OM Frigerio, represented in North America

by Howar Equipment, showcased its FASO SCLO heavy duty mechanical

12 mm (1/2”) wire descaler with subsequent wire brusher.

The eight-roller descaler got lots of

attention at Interwire from customers seeking an environmentally friendly alternative to acid pickling various grades of carbon steel and stainless steels, a press release said.

The unit has a tungsten-carbidefused, reverse-bending roller descaler at the entrance of the unit, the release said. The reverse bending section has its own enclosure with complete safety doors and wire entry guides and the descaler collects the wire’s scales/ oxide debris in a removable tray underneath the reverse-bending rollers, it noted.

The wire, the release said, then enters the orbital+ rotating wire brushing unit, where 6” wide brushes mounted on a special orbital head rotate around the wire. The brushing

head as well as the brushes rotate simultaneously to provide a clean surface around the entire circumference of the wire.

The combination allows the unit to be installed in front of wire drawing and forming machines, providing exceptional cleaning capabilities at speeds up to 5 m/sec (1000 ft/min), the release said. This mechanical descaling method provides an economical means of cleaning the wire prior to wire drawing without the use of dangerous chemicals and pickling acids, it said.

The equipment requires very little maintenance compared to chemical acid pickling, it said.

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In-line coloring system offers efficient processing Germany’s Rosendahl has introduced a ribbon coloring system designed to provide efficient in-line coloring of optical fiber ribbons.

A press release said that in-line coloring of fiber ribbons is done by measurement and control of key process parameters to ensure performance.

The system exceeds typical quality assurance procedures that test product end samples but do not assure quality along the entire length of the product, it said.

The advances were made possible by the selection and integration of relevant sensors into the line and the development of models to predict the final cure of UV inks to control fiber breakout performance from the ribbon matrix, the release said. The optimization was made

possible by breakthroughs in lamp selection and programming of lamp power levels and the curing of multiple colored fibers in tandem with ribbonizing, it noted.

Other features include the integration of key on-line UV and oxygen sensors into production lines that provide early warnings of line problems or process drift, the release said. That, it noted, allows process corrections to be made in time to assure the proper cure of colored fibers and guarantee fiber breakout performance along the entire length of a ribbon (including ramping up and down) to reduce off-line sampling and the potential for scrap.

Contact: Rosendahl-Nextrom Technologies, tel. 828-464-2543 (U.S.); www.nextrom.com.

Hypalon-based military cables meet tough DSCC specs Therm-O-Link has introducednew military cables derived from flexible Hypalon insulation.

Therm-O-Link’s military cables, which are available in sizes from 20 awg to 6

awg, meet DSCC’s (Defense Supply Center Columbus ) MIL-DTL-13486D requirements, a press release said. The cables meet DSCC’s tough requirements of fungus resistance, ozone and liquid resistance, high temperature and high voltage resistance, it said.

74 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

The cables can be used for applications such as wiring of Hummers (Humvees), Jeeps and other vehicles where the wiring is exposed to the adverse environmental conditions, the release said. The company’s military cables are black in color and listed under the DSCC’s QPL (Qualified Products Listing), it said.

It company recently introduced rubber based 90ºC- and 105ºC 600V commodity and 90ºC 600V UL approved flexible welding cables, sizes 4/0 to 8 awg.

Contact: Dr. Vipin M. Kothari, R&D Director, Therm-O-Link, Inc., tel. 330-527-2124 (U.S.); vipin_kothari @thermolink.com.

Planetary strander can make fine wire products U.S.-based Kinrei of America has introduced a new planetary strander, model H-16, made specifically for fine constructions that are used for medical devices and other high performance applications.

A press release said that the strander, designed to strand both insulated and bare wire, is available in a 1+6+6+6 configuration, with other configurations available upon request.

The release cited the following specs.

Insulated and bare wire range: awg 32 (7/44) - awg 22 (7/30); finished diameter: awg 22-6; speed: 200 rpm; internal bobbins: flange dia 160-350 mm (6.313.4”), 4-20 kg (8.8-44 lb.); bobbin setting: pintle type cradles; take-up reel: available upon request from 160450 mm; and main drive: 1.5Kw Gear Motor (2.00 Hp) Contact: Steve Hess or Mitch Jacobsen, Kinrei of America, tel. 973677-9500, shess@kinreiusa.com or mjacobsen@kinreiusa.com.

This tool can make easy crimps with just one hand U.S.-based ETCO Incorporated reports that it now offers a new compact hand crimp tool that has a locating nest that properly positions the unisex connector’s open barrel ear section and allows the user to create an “F” crimp with one hand.

Designed for use in confined spaces, the ETCO Hand Crimper is suitable for harness making in the shop and field where a highly reliable FlatSnap® unisex connector that cannot pull apart or vibrate loose under adverse conditions is required, the release said.

The unisex design simplifies assembly and can rapidly mate and un-mate without force or performance degradation, the release said. The tool has been tested under work conditions to perform over 50,000 cycles, it said.

The ETCO Hand Crimper is available from stock, it noted.

Contact: John J. Macaluso, VP Marketing, Etco Incorporated, tel.

401-467-2400; jmacaluso@etco.com www.etco.com.

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New bending head can provide more flexibility Italy’s OMCG, represented in the U.S. by OMCG North America, reports that it has introduced what it describes as its most unique and flexible bend head design since it he announced the conical step mandrel in 1986.

The new head uses two simple pins with the eccentric feature to position the pins anywhere within a circular path to optimize the bending of the wire feature, a press release said, noting that closed eyes are now easily accomplished on both ends of the wire.

Bend with a sharper inside radius than the pins, is now easily accomplished

on the mandrel, and if a part requires bending and generation, the center pin rotates to allow smoother generation and no scraping of the wire, it said.

The program to control the bend head visually shows the pictorial view in animation of the wire being bent.

This program will actually run at production speed providing the hourly expected output, the release said.

When the program is installed on the laptop or engineering office desk top, there is no need to be at or interfere with the machine’s production run, it said. The machine can be programmed

while running production and it will also inform the operator if a bend is not possible without interference, so corrections can be made.

Contact: Bob Sears, OMCG North America, bswire@flash.net, www.omcg.com.

Cat. 6 cable designed for better electrical performance, tops requirements U.S.-based Berk-Tek, a Nexans Company, has further improved the design and manufacturing of its LANmark-1000 Cat. 6 UTP cable that increases all crosstalk parameters by 4 dB over the old design, a performance that it notes was already exceeding component performance as specified

by TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1 Cat. 6.

The cable’s core design was re-engineered and helped by further investent in equipment and new processes, a press release said. “Included in acrossthe-board crosstalk performance is an 85% improvement in the PS-ACR, which means much more signal integrity and strength which greatly reduces vulnerability to noise interfer-

ence,” said Jim Frey, Berk-Tek Copper Product Manager, who noted that neither the outside diameter (.226”) nor the price has changed. LANmark-1000 is part of the NetClear GT2 Enhanced Category 6 channel solution from Berk-Tek and Ortronics/Legrand.

Contact: Berk-Tek, Internet www.berktek.com.

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Unjacketed bundled cables save installers time, money U.S.-based Coleman Cable, Inc. reports that a new unjacketed bundled cable it offers features two Cat. 5e and two RG6 Quad (Part# 999260), an unjacketed combination cable that it said provides a costeffective solution for quick installations in confined spaces in residential applications including voice, data, video, CATV, HDMI and more.

“Coleman Cable is always looking for new ways to help the installer save time and money on the job,” said

Deane Myers, product-market manager of the Security/Home Technology division at Coleman Cable. “Our unjacketed bundled cable is a perfect fit for quick installations in confined spaces.”

The new unjacketed bundled cables eliminate the need to strip back the jacket, and the conductors more easily separate into individual cables, a press release said, noting that the faster termination provides cost savings verses traditional jacketed constructions.

Contact: Coleman Cable Inc., www.colemancable.com.

Cut and strip machine offers high output rates Swiss-based Schleuniger reports that its OmniStrip 9450 Automatic Cut & Strip Machine is a compact, flexible cut and strip machine which can process a wide range of wire and cable applications.

The model was described in a press release as “the ideal solution” as a standalone machine or in combination with various accessories (marking, coiling, stacking, etc.) to create a fully automatic cable processing line.

The machine’s indexing cutter head and flexible programming make it easy to program and process all types of applications, it said, adding that its intuitive user interface has standard

templates for common processes and allows users to define their own processes for more complex applications, the release said.

The electrically powered machine that does not require compressed air and multiple blade sets can be mounted on the indexing cutter head and selected automatically during operation, the release said.

Belt type transport units provide precise and gentle cable transport while offering excellent traction and the model is simple to program and edit multiple jobs, the release said.

Contact: Schleuniger, tel. 603-6212668 (U.S.), www.schleuniger-na.com.

Serving the non-ferrous and ferrous industries since 1983

76 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

Hand-held portable unit measures wire diameters both in-line and off-line Germany’s Klaus Jakob Messtechnik AG, represented in the U.S. by Wire Machine Systems, reports that its LMD H01B is a new hand-held portable unit that can obtain accurate diameter checks for products such as bare wire, magnet wire and monofilaments within seconds at virtually any point in or off line.

A press release noted that the LMD H01B portable model does not have to be firmly integrated or stationary like systems based on laser scanners and diffraction technology.

“The new hand-held portable diameter control unit LMD HO1B addresses this shortcoming,” it said, noting that the unit can measure cylindrical objects in motion or at 0 speed ranging from .03 mm to 1.30 mm or .05 mm to 1.8 mm (HO2B model).

The unit can be used for small diameters and is quite useful during the string-up process as the wire can be checked quickly and without effort, between the various drawing steps, the release said. “Thus mistakes can be caught early, which otherwise would have let to wire brakes or early die wear. Rapid wire checks before and after annealing will indicate tension respectively stretching of the wire.”

The device can provide quick and easy diameter checks during magnet wire production and it is possible to do so after each coating process, the release said. The instrument, it added, comes with a long operating-time lithium battery that has a short recharging process.

Contact: Wire Machine Systems, Inc., sales@wire-machine.com. ■

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Media Book presents story, members, of Italian wire and cable machinery association The Associazione Costruttori Italiani Macchine per Filo (ACIMAF) has produced an impressive soft-cover page book in Enlish and Italian in recognition of the body’s 20th anniversary that presents information about both its mission, history and members.

The book includes with a message from ACIMAF President Ferruccio Bellina, who has been a key person in ACIMAF, including cooperative activities in producing international technical conferences with other associations, including the International Wire & Machinery Association (IWMA), CET and WAI, as well as making possible the recent founding of the WAI Italy Chapter.

The book has extensive use of color, including 20 pages of historical images

New company website provides more details on its QPL products U.S.-based SEA Wire and Cable, Inc., reports that it has launched a new website whose offerings includes a virtual tour of its facilities and growing capabilities.

The new SEA website includes all the company’s brochures on-line, description of its latest products and services, vendor managed inventory solutions, and updated line card. It presents sections for its products, management team, press releases, recognitions and awards and literature requests.

The overall site has a wide range of details about the company, which for 35 plus years has been a full stocking supplier of mil-spec wire, cable and related harnessing products. It notes its ability to provide fast service and to meet a wide range of client needs, made possible by the company stocking over 11,000 items and 40 million feet of wire in its 45,000-sq-ft facility.

Contact: Jim Duggan, SEA Wire and Cable, tel. 256-772-9616; jimd@sea-wire.com.

and information about the Italian wire industry and two-page spreads of 68 ACIMAF members and more.

Founded in Brescia, Italy, in 1987, ACIMAF, also known as the Association of the Wire Machinery Manufacturers of Italy, promotes the image of Italian technology in the sector of machines and products for the wire and cable manufacturing industry.

The non-profit voluntary association plays an important international role of cooperation in improving the location and organization of the major wire and cable trade fairs. ACIMAF also makes proposals and works constructively to improve coordination between its member companies and the Institute of Foreign Trade (ICE) and promotes marketing activity aimed at penetrating the markets of the more profitable geographical regions.

For a free copy of the book, send an e-mail to WAI’s Steve Fetteroll at sfetteroll@wirenet.org. ■

COMMISSION BROKERS, INC. EQUIPMENT SPECIALISTS TO THE ELECTRICAL WIRE & CABLE INDUSTRY APPRAISERS • COMMISSION BROKERS • INDIVIDUAL PIECES OR ENTIRE PLANTS

FOR SALE 1 _ NEW ENGLAND BUTT 12-Head 18” Planetary Cabler 1 _ WATSON 36” Rotating Cabler Line 1 _ ENTWISTLE 4.5” 24:1 L/D PVC Extruder 1 _ DAVIS STANDARD 2.5” 24:1 L/D Nylon Extruder 1 _ D/S 2” 30:1 L/D Hi-Temp Extrusion Line _ 1 D/S 2” 24:1 L/D / 1.25” 30:1 L/D Extrusion Line _ 1 BARTELL 72” Shaftless Payoffs 2 _ BARTELL 60” Shaftless Payoffs 1 _ 30” Core Neutralizer Payoff 1 _ NEB 18-Head 22” Rigid Strander, L-R

1 _ CLIPPER Model PS50 Parallel Axis Dual Reel Take-up 1 _ CLIPPER Model PS36 Parallel Axis Dual Reel Take-up 1 _ ENTWISTLE 36” Dual Reel Take-up, Model THE 24/36 1 _ DAVIS STANDARD 30” Dual Reel Take-up 2 _ BARTELL 72” Shaftless Takeups _ 1 VIDEOJET Model 37e InkJet Printer, new 2000 _ 1 ADVANTAGE Chiller, Model MK25AM-41HBX, 9/98 _ 41 48” x 32-1/4” ID x 25” Barrel x 3” Arbor Toroidal Reels

Contact: Martin Kenner

COMMISSION BROKERS, INC. P.O. Box 8456 • Cranston, RI 02920-0456 • Tel. (401) 943-3777 • Fax: (401) 943-3670 WEB: www.commissionbrokers.com • E-MAIL: marty137@aol.com

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WJI Classified Ad Information

WIRE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL MEMBERS seeking employment positions are entitled to FREE “Position Wanted” classified ads. Limit: one ad per issue, maximum three ads per year. This WAI membership benefit is not transferable to nonmembers or to companies.

tion. Responses are mailed out within two business days after receipt. Responses to Blind Box ads should be addressed to: Wire Journal International, Box number (as it appears in print or on-line), P.O. Box 578, Guilford, CT 06437-0578 USA.

CLASSIFIED AD RATES: • $1.30 per word for Wire Journal International and on-line classifieds at wirenet.org (20 word minimum). • Blind box numbers, add $25. • Boldface headlines, add $6 per line (up to 18 characters per line). Specify category.

DEADLINES: Copy is due a full month in advance, i.e., it must be received by March 1 for publication in the April issue.

Classifieds booked on-line, run for at least one-month on-line, from the date of booking. Wire Journal International “Print classifieds” booked on-line as an “add-on” to an “on-line classified” booking will run in the next available issue of the WJI.

BLIND BOX INFO: Blind box numbers assure the confidentiality of the advertiser in both the WJI and the on-line publica-

PAYMENT POLICY: All ads must be pre-paid..

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

PROCESS/PROJECT ENGINEER #2626. OSRAM SYLVANIA in Towanda, PA, is looking for a Mechanical Engineer to: Project and Process work, including initiation and support. Assure safe operating procedures and conditions are maintained throughout the assigned areas. Assist manufacturing personnel in process/equipment problem solving. Maintain an effective cost reduction program via process/product modification and development. Maintain product/process specifications and procedures, coordinating the part number listings as well as maintaining bill of materials.

Assist with and participate in ISO certification. Maintain the highest standards of quality and FPY within assigned areas. Consistent partnership with manufacturing to ensure all customer and business needs are met and constantly improved upon. Tungsten, metal working, wire experience a plus.

Must be able to communicate and work effectively with all manufacturing and support personnel. Should demonstrate the ability to logically approach and solve problems. Industry experience preferred.

EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS: B.S. Degree in Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgy or Material Science plus 4 years experience or MS Eng and 2 years. Six Sigma and/or Lean Manufacturing experience a plus.

Training may be provided in these areas. All applicants must apply on-line at www.sylvania.com, reference job code 2626.

M/F/D/V EEO/AAP.

documentation, and SPC. Working knowledge of ISO 9001 required and ability to write & revise procedures. Must be able to work with minimal guidance. Contact Cable Components Group, phone: 860599-5877, fax: 860-599-5461, e-mail: customerservice@cablecomponents.com

SUPERVISOR, Rod & Fine Wire Products. Vertically integrated manufacturer of high performance alloys, precision metal components, precision insert molding and part assemblies seeks an experienced individual with technical skills to organize and manage an expanding line of wire products

QUALITY POSITION with Plastics Extrusion Manufacturer. Familiarity with product inspection, tool calibration, process

78 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

METALLURGIST Carpenter Technology Corporation, a world leader in the manufacture and distribution of specialty alloys and engineered materials, has an opening for an experienced Metallurgist in Wire Products, in our corporate headquarters located in Reading, PA. In this important role, you will: • Establish process instructions to produce wire rod products for use in various end use applications and markets.

• Review customer specifications and develop manufacturing methods.

• Interface with customers related to product development and usage.

• Resolve internal quality and/or manufacturing issues.

• Lead and participate in projects to develop/improve products and processes.

A BS or MS degree in Metallurgy or Material Science is preferred; other engineering degrees will be considered. Experience and/or knowledge of stainless steels and nickel-based alloys are a plus. Excellent interpersonal skills, communication skills (both written and verbal), and problem-solving skills (including use of statistical methods) are also required. Six-sigma training/experience is desired but not a requirement. Carpenter offers a competitive salary and comprehensive benefits package which includes pension, 401K and annual bonus plans. Qualified candidates may be eligible for relocation assistance.

Forward resume including salary requirements to:

CARPENTER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION P.O. Box 14662, Reading, PA 19612-4662 Fax: 610-736-7355 employment@cartech.com www.cartech.com An Equal Employment Opportunity Employer M/F/D/V

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WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFIED AD INFORMATION NAME _________________________________________________________________________TITLE ________________________________________________________ COMPANY ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ADDRESS __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CITY ________________________________________STATE _______________POSTAL CODE _____________________COUNTRY ______________________________ PHONE ______________________________FAX________________________________EMAIL ______________________________________________________________ AD CATEGORY____________ ISSUE YOUR AD BEGINS___________E-mail NUMBER OF ISSUES RUN _______LAST ISSUE ________________RUN TILL FURTHER NOTICE? YES____ NO ____ FULL RUN (WJI & ON-LINE) YES____ NO ____

BLIND BOX? YES____ NO ____

WAI MEMBER? YES____ NO ____ WAI MEMBERSHIP # ______________________ (Applies only to “Position Wanted”)

Please e-mail the requested information to: WAI’s Cindy Kirmss at ckirmss@wirenet.org.

For more details, you can call her at 203-453-2777, ext. 116.

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

for medical and electronic applications. We melt and process numerous proprietary alloys from screw machine stock to wire as fine as .001 inch. Successful candidate must have knowledge of die maintenance, metallurgical processing and quality systems. A degree in engineering or technician credentials, preferred. The position is located in our Bloomfield, CT facility. Apply via e-mail to humanres@deringerney.com or fax to 847-637-6029.

considered. Respond to Box 01-1, c/o WJI, P O Box 578, Guilford, CT 06437.

- both internally & externally; product champion on intro/integration of new products; provide technical direction for product and service literature; customer visits & presentations; Training; Quotations review; maintain technical certifications.

Minimum Qualifications: • Prior experience in the Wire & Cable Industry required • Bachelors Degree in Electrical or Mechanical Engineering, or equivalent in work experience • 2-4 years experience in specification, and/or process engineering within the cable industry • Thorough knowledge of current industry standards, materials, and specifications • Ability to read customer specifications and drawings and determine ability to produce to specification • Knowledge of general office automation applications (Microsoft Word, Excel, Internet Explorer, Outlook, etc.).

The Account Manager is primarily responsible for driving sales to meet or exceed budget expectations and to provide customers with excellent service within a defined geographic territory. • Customer quotations/sales • All aspects of customer service (i.e. expedites, returned goods, requests for credits, sample requests, etc.)

• Occasional travel to Distributors, Reps, and trade shows as required • Telemarketing Minimum Qualifications: • Prior experience in Sales/ Customer Service within the Wire & Cable Industry required • Bachelors Degree or equivalent in work experience • Microsoft Word, Excel, Act, Internet Explorer, Outlook skills required • Excellent communication skills (both written and verbal). Self motivated, and sales driven.

Qualified applicants should submit a letter of application & resume with salary

ACCOUNT MANAGERS WANTED. T&T Marketing, a growing compound distributor and manufacturer in the Wire & Cable Industry is seeking highly motivated sales managers for the New England and the Midwest (Chicago) areas. Products include: PVC, PE, TPV, TPE, TPU, EPDM, Nylon, Filling Gels, Fluoropolymers, Masterbatches, and LSNH materials. Ten years sales experience and willingness to travel required. Wire & Cable experience highly preferred. Excellent salary, commissions and benefits. Qualified candidates may send resumes by e-mail to resume@ ttmarketinginc.com.

FIELD SERVICE MECHANIC. WIRE & CABLE machinery producer. looking for an experienced mechanic for start-up & service of heavy duty industrial machines.

Extensive, (150 DAYS) paid travel required throughout North America. Min. Req: Working knowledge Industrial Equip, Bearings, Seals, Geared Transmissions, Lubricants, Hydraulics, Pneumatics; Able to interpret mech. assembly drawings & work w/metric units. Basic knowledge of computers & Software, Word, Excel, Outlook.

Benefits package includes travel differential, 401k , health, disab., & life ins. Only applicants w/above requirements will be

DESIGN ENGINEER. Tulsa Power, LLC, a growing manufacturer of material handling equipment for wire, cable, tube, hose, and flexible materials, has an immediate opportunity for an experienced machinery design engineer. The company’s products include standard and specialty machinery for processing flexible material in and outside the wire manufacturing industry. REQUIREMENTS: BSME or BSMET degree preferred or minimum of 4 years machinery design experience. 2 years of solid modeling (Solid Edge preferred; other 3D modeling packages considered including Solidworks, AutoCAD, Unigraphics, Pro/E). RESPONSIBILITIES: Develop and design specialty machinery and modify existing designs. Developing Bill of Materials and cost estimates. Technical project management during manufacturing. BENEFITS: Competitive compensation based on experience and benefits package including full medical, 401k and profit sharing. LOCATION: Tulsa, Oklahoma. Please forward resume and/or inquires to engineering@tulsapower.com.

SALES/SPECIFICATION ENGINEER, AND ACCOUNT MANAGERS. Tappan Wire & Cable, Inc. (TWC) a manufacturer of Electronic & Industrial Wire and Cable has new opportunities for a Sales/Specification Engineer, and Account Managers in Blauvelt, New York.

The Sales/Specification Engineer is responsible for supporting TWC’s sales by managing the technical sales process to ensure the proper customer solution, and promoting TWC. Principal responsibilities include: providing technical product advice

JANUARY 2008 79

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CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

PERSONNEL SERVICES

DIES

requirements to: Tappan Wire & Cable. Ed Carroll, Director of Marketing, 100 Bradley Park Road, Blauvelt, NY 10913. E-mail to: ecarroll@tappanwire.com

LET OUR SUCCESS BE YOUR SUCCESS.” Wire Resources is the foremost recruiting firm in the Wire & Cable Industry. For 30 plus years our clients have secured the services of thousands of key individual contributors, managers and executives. For corporations we provide recruitment, outplacement, and salary assessment functions. For the job seeker exploring new opportunities, we provide a wealth of information. Our services are performed in absolute confidence. Contact: WIRE RESOURCES, INC. 522 E. Putnam Ave, Greenwich, CT 06830, tel: 203-622-3000 or 800-394-WIRE, email: wri@wireresources. com, Internet www.wireresources.com.

APOLLO DIA-CARB COMPANY. Buy & sell new/used Natural & PCD DIAMOND DIES. Fair prices & excellent lead times. Contact Paulette, Owner-Sales, by telephone at 1-508-226-1508 or by e-mail at apollodie@wmconnect. com.EQ

BLACHFORD CORPORATION IS recognized as a global leader in the manufacturing and marketing of technically advanced dry and wet lubricants for the wire drawing industry. Currently, as part of our aggressive expansion into new markets, we seek qualified distributors to promote and sell our lines of lubricants in Asia, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, India and South America. Strong consideration will be given to those companies who are qualified active suppliers for the wire drawing industry. If your company combines these talents and resources, and is aiming to enhance the value it can offer customers with the Blachford line of technically advanced lubricants, please contact Gary Woods, Director of Marketing & Sales, at 1-905-823,3200 (208) or gwoods@blachford.ca.

DIES MOLONEY DIE COMPANY. Low prices on all sizes of new, used and recut carbide dies. We also recut tapered nibs.

Fast turn-around. Quality service since 1985. Tel. 904-388-3654.

Technical Manager Manner Plastics is a manufacturer of plastic compounds located near Dallas. Our primary markets are wire & cable, tubing and extruded profiles. We also manufacture compounds for a wide range of injection molding applications. Our manufacturing facility is best in class, our people are professional and our culture is entrepreneurial.

We are seeking a scientist with extensive experience developing compounds for our markets to join our leadership team. The ideal candidate will have strong business and technical skills. If you have the ability and desire to be a leader in a successful, growing compounding company send your resume with salary history to: 500 Interchange Street, McKinney, TX 75071 Email: raj@mannerplastics.com

IWC Used Machinery and Equipment Ɣ (2) Syncro annealer

Ɣ Bartell Bunchers

Ɣ (15) Endex Spooler

Ɣ Laribee Bunchers 12” & 16”

Ɣ (12) Syncro BG16 Drawing Machine Ɣ (6) Syncro AG16 Drawing Machine Ɣ (3) Acrometal Multi-head take-ups And much more! Please contact us for a complete list of used machinery. (847) 726-8910 or email grahamchri@aol.com.

Warehousing: Lake Zurich, IL 60047

80 WIRE JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL

www.IWC-Machinery.com

EQUIPMENT WWW.URBANOASSOCIATES.COM. For New & Used Wire & Cable Equipment. Tel. 727-863-4700; fax 727-8634711; or by e-mail at urbassoc@verizon.net.N NAIL PLANT IN OPERATION: Nails 1 ¼” X 6” Wafios N-3,N-4,N-5,N-6 Capacity: 6000 tons; Collated nails; Welded Coil: Capacity 1200 tons; Zeus coil High frequency (1); Plastic Strip:Capacity 2000 tons; Willy Heiff (3); Thread rollers (6); Wafios tool grinders (3); Nail tumbling units (3); Bulk packaging line; Accessories.

Call: J-M or M-A Perron # 450-447-5000 ext: 23; e-mail: ma@norfilinc. com.M WE BUY LASER MICROMETERS. Any condition. For a quote fax or email manufacturer & model #'s. Fax 386-4262056 or e-mail johnknight@ microtex. net.

Laser micrometer repairs $875.00. 1-year warranty. www.microtex.net. M

MEDIA ANNEALING: PARTS 1-3. This threepart video set presents information from industry expert Dr. Horace Pops. The set, which has a total running time of 1 hr., 36 min., includes: Annealing Part 1: Principles of Annealing (28 min.); Annealing, Part 2: Annealing of Copper and Aluminum Wire (31 min.); and Annealing, Part 3: Annealing Problems (37 min.). The set can be ordered for $285, $225 for WAI members, plus shipping, or by individual parts for $95, $75 for WAI members, plus shipping. To order this or the below item, go to wirenet.org and click on the icon at the lower right side for the WAI Store.

THE BOOK OF WIRE & Cable TERMS. This 350-page book is an indispensable publication covering both ferrous and nonferrous terminology.

More than 5,000 entries are offered.

Price $75, $50 for WAI members, plus shipping. ■

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Advertisers’ Index/Key Contacts ADVERTISER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PAGE

ADVERTISER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PAGE

Anbao Wire & Mesh Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

The George Evans Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Bergandi Machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

FIC Manufacturing Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Beta LaserMike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Fine International Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Bongard Drummond Trading LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

FMS Force Measuring Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Buhler USA Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

W. Gillies Technologies LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Carris Reels, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cover 4

Gimax Srl/Cable Consultants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-18

Commission Brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Howar Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Conneaut Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Howar Equipment/OMF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

CRU International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Industrial Wire & Cable Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Durant Tool Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Kinrei of America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

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CBR949 NEXTROM 18 Bobbon (6+6+6) EXTRUSION PLANETARYLINES CABLER Ribbon 450mm bobbins/ EXPL231 3 1/2” D.Std. 37 24:wire 1 Therm III jacketing line.

CBR751 Strander, 22” Watson (6+12+18) planetary (2) Skalteks 40” Hall belttaper, cat, Viteck TDV-260-3 TKU1043 36” CLIPPER Dual Reel Take cabling line A12PS, with dual capstan, binder, 84” shaft22” vert. accum 16’, (2) D.E. TURA 36” takeups, CTC less takeup, 72” S/L payoff. up, PS-36 Recently rebuilt. tape payoff, cone former, binder, Lasermike, Zumbach

TAKEUPS CAPAC, Fusion UV cure, Hall footage counter, Videojet TKU846 NEW Samp 560mm dual shaftless parallel 9900 printer, trough.

EQUIPMENT IN STOCK axis OTHER hi speed takeup forJacketing telephone.

EXPL232 6” NRM 24:1 line, TKU845 EKP50 mm reel parallel hi(2) SkaltekNokia payoff, s (2)dual 60” Bartell takeups w/OH CAT404 -A12PS (2) 60” ROYLE Belt Cats, DCaxis traverse, 36” Royle B/W capstan, 30” horiz accum, 30T speed takeups. motors.

Like New. Carrier chiller, Zumbach CAPAC, Videojet 9900shaft printer, TKU837 36” Davis Electric TAP-36, parallel TBR158 22” WATSON Tubular Strander, Hall footage- counters, Fusion cure, trough. w/dancer.

12W, 850 RPM max.

Right to Left, 32” Dual EXPL230 6” Davis Standard 2.2 24:1mTherm Jacketing TKU792 NEW Rosendahl portalIIItire type traCapstan.

36” Take up.belt caterpuller, (2) 60” Bartell line, (1987), 40” versing take upMGS/Hall w/accum. takeups, 10- ton chiller, NOKIA Zumbach CAPAC, laserTPR244 Dual HiBeta Speed TKU841 60”500mm - 96” Bartell shaftless take ups/payoff. mike, footage counter, trough, Viteck TDV-240-4 22” vert Ecc Taper, TBO500-110.

Skaltek portal payoffs & takeups Models: UX25T, 16’ accumulator.

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Henrich PreJacketing 40”AX26, Hall belt caterpuller, Viteck TDV-400COILERS 4 22” vert.60/45/30mm accum, (2) 60”extruders Bartell takeups, footage heater, w/gas injecCLR127 (5)capstan, Reelex/Windings dual figure 8 UV winders, counter, Videojet, 20 tonRosendahl chiller, trough, fusion cure tion, Multi DIN500 Dual oven, dryer, (2) Skaltek A12PS payoffs.

Modelhopper D1000/D1001.

Take up.

EXTRUDERS EXPL233 4 1/2” Davis Standard 24:1 Therm III, 1995, EXPL308 - 3(2) 1/2” Mark Jacketing 48” D.STD. Hall driven Payoffs, 30”Sterling Lot: D. St.Line, extruders, 6” 24:1, 424:1 1/2” 24:1, 3V1/2” 24:1, Extruder, 1997 Multidual capstan, Viteck TDV-300-4 vertical accum, (2) 2 1/2” 24:1Yr. vertical, 2”w/control, 24:1. 14”12”Nokia 60” Bartell takeups,(2) footage counter,Payoffs, lasermike,Vert. trough, pass Capstan, 48” Driven Fusion UV cure oven, print head.

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Accumulator, 48” Parallel axis dual Take up.

EXP823 - 120mm MAILLEFER 24:1 ExtrudEXTRUDERS EXP604 NEW Samp Deangeli er, air cooled 5 zones, screw,TE35/24, clamp. 1 1/2” verEXP637 (2) 1 with 3/4” Entwistle, tical extruder motor. hi-temp (FEP), Thermoflite extruders, 24:1 L/D, 42” Centerline, 5-Zone. III, CBR935 420mm EXP588 2-1/2” D.Std. extruder, 24:1, Thermatic.

TRAFALGAR/NORTHAMPTON 12+18 wire CABLERS w/40 HP AC Vector.

Planetary 6” flatsingle wheel Capstan, 2.6m CBR798 48”with Entwistle twist rotating takeup, CABLERS w/conc. unit binder, oscillating plate, 25 Stolberger CBR759 22”take 37Wup. 1+6+12+18 NEBconc rigid binder, strander, pair 16” payoff. (1989), 250 RPM max, 3” - 18” lay dual capstan.

CBR936 610mm CARTER 12 Wire Planerange, 1” OD max, 6000 LB max, 30 HP DC cradle CBR741/CBR743 (3) 36” Cook S.(2) twist bunchers, tary w/50” Dual Capstan, 16” Conc. drive,Line 15 HP AC reel drive.

BH-36, Yr. Mfg.S/L 1972, 14” conc. taper, also (1) Tapers, 1.8m Payoff, 2m S/L Take up.BHCBR800 48” Northampton (NMC) D. Twist strander 30, BH24, Yr. traverse, 1978. (bow(3) type), S/L cradle, dual capstan, CBR937 -Uhing 420mm TRAFALGAR 1+6 Wire (2) CBR716/CBR722 (9) 760 mm Samp D.T. bunchers, conc. binders.

Planetary Cabler, 32” Dual Capstan, 1.4m BM760-D, Yr. Mfg. 1997/92 REWINDERS Frisch portal take up.

CBR718/CBR719 (2) 48” Cook BH-48 S.T. cablers RWD377 (2) 1.6m Skaltek cut to length lines with CBR928 -Taper, 500mm ROSENDAHL 12+12 with conc. multipass A164K payoff, U16T takeup,payoff.

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Dual 24” dancer accumulator, counter.

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CBR720 Pourtier drum twisting (5) 1.8m CBR927 - (10) 560mm WATSON/KINREI RWD376 2.2m 40” Viteck rewind line with S/Lline takeup, S/L rotating payoffs, rot. tapers, binder. drivenTwinners, payoff, dancer, Beta sparker & counter.

D.T. 20”Cat, Dual Driven payoffs, 1998.

WIRE DRAWING COILERS CBR941 - (4) 630mm NORTHAMPTON D.T. WRD677/WRD678 (2) Samp 14D.E. wire, die, CLR157 (1) Reelex1996.

D1000 dual with 36”31 driven Twinner, B630, MLS/5T.14 with annealers, (2) TE/65-M 630 mm payoff, Hall accum, footage counter, controls, 24” dual CBR940 -(1997/1993).

800mm POURTIER S.T. Cabler spoolers. rewinder, 1990’s. w12 pos,Reelex 500mm neut., dual taper.

WRD689 CookD1000 DHpayoff 5+8 die Hall rod machine, CLR158 dual13 w/40” driven payoff, accum, footage counter, POURTIER 24” dual rewinder, 1990’s.

CBR923 - 1250mm Drum

Twister, 12-630mm Neutralizing Payoffs, Rotating Caterpuller, 1.25m Rotating Payoff.

CLR156 (2) Reelex D1000 dual coiler with controls, ceramics, 300 KVA annealer, spooler, CBR948 - RA5, 48” TEC Drum Twister30” w/(2) dancer/accum.

Mfg 1980’s.

Conc.

Tapers.

CLR154 (2) Reelex S500 (1) LH, 1 RH, single w/ WRD690 Syncro F13 13 die, 350 HP drive, controls, dancer.

RA5, 300 KVA annealer, 30” spooler, 30” drop CLR155 (2) Reelex D500, (1) RH, single w/controls, RWD423 - 96” HALL Portal Rewinder. coiler. dancer.

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BRD303 (10)Wardwell 16Carrier Rebuilt, Model H, on TUBULAR STRANDER PAY1351 - (2) 72” BARTELL S/L Pay offs. wire, mot 30” x 16” frames. (still in crates) TBR143 30” Stolberger 12+ wire tubular stranBRD302 Wardwell 16 Carrier, on wire, motorTKU1023 - (2) 72”Bartell BARTELL S/L Take ups. der, dual(41) cap, 84” takeup. ized, Model G/H, 30” or 24C braider frames.

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NOKIA DUAL TAKEUPS - (2) EKP-5 2001, DAN187 (6) Reelex motorized AC300 dancers.

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DAN184Sciences (16) Hall dancers 10’ +/Unit Yr. Mfg. 1990, Energy Irradiation CLR197/CLR198(2) REELEX Coilers, nitrogen generator.

WIRE DRAWING LINE D750, Yr. 2000/1996 w/dancer driven payoff.

WRD717 Nextrom 12 wire multiwire drawer w/annealer, (2) 630/800mm spoolers, 12 stem payoff, 100 HP DC drawer, 50 HPHIGH annealer.

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JANUARY 2008 81

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CARRISbth.qxp

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