Shipyard Waste • Maintenance & Repair Expo • WSF Ferries ®
IN BUSINESS ON THE COASTAL AND INLAND WATERS
APRIL 2016
Water Pressure
AP R. 12
-1 4, 20 16
Coordination is key during severe water events.
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S:7”
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Finally, an engine oil that works as hard as you do. Extend oil drain intervals up to 10 times* with Mobil Delvac 1™ ESP fully synthetic diesel engine oil. Designed to extend engine life and protect components, it can lead to less vessel downtime, reduced waste oil and improved operational efficiency. Learn more at mobildelvacmarine.com.
© 2015 Exxon Mobil Corporation. All rights reserved. All trademarks used herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of Exxon Mobil Corporation or one of its affiliates unless otherwise noted. *Based upon field testing in high-speed, 4-stroke marine engines, compared with conventional heavy-duty diesel engine oil. Actual results may vary.
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ON THE COVER
®
APRIL 2016 • VOLUME 73, NO. 4
High water on the Lower Mississippi River in 2011. Photo by Brian Gauvin
FEATURES 22 Focus: Wash Cycle With several states developing regulations, shipyards increase the focus on eliminating wash water discharge.
34 Cover Story: River Watch River action plans are activated when high or low water affects inland barge navigation.
BOATS & GEAR 26 On the Ways Bouchard Transportation christens new VT Halter-built 255,000-bbl. ATB on the New Orleans riverfront. All American Marine starts construction on a 68' survey vessel for the Army Corps of Engineers. Kvichak cracks the Middle East market with two 62' pilot boats for Oman. Master Marine delivers another 2,000-hp Z-drive to Marquette.
22
42 Olympic Runners Four new 144-car, medium capacity ferries for Washington state.
46 First Run Coverage of the second annual WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference and Expo to be held in New Orleans from April 12-14, 2016.
46 Conference listings and descriptions. 51 Expo exhibitors list and contact information. AT A GLANCE 8 8 9 10 12 14 15
On the Water: Wrong assumptions — Part II. Captain’s Table: Safety management for passenger vessels. OSV Day Rates: When will it improve offshore? WB Stock Index: Stocks end two-month slide in February. Inland Insider: Will lifting the ban on oil exports help coal? Insurance Watch: How do you insure your employees and crews? Legal Talk: The Jones Act and punitive damages.
NEWS LOG 16 16 17 18 20
Publication of the Subchapter M final rule could come in June. Kirby to buy Seacor’s inland tank barge fleet for $88 million. Too many dry cargo barges. Tough times ahead for the LCS program? Coast Guard withdraws shale wastewater barge transport plan.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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42 DEPARTMENTS 2 Editor’s Watch 6 Mail Bag 55 Port of Call 63 Advertisers Index 64 WB Looks Back
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Editor'sWatch
Building and fixing boats
N
ew boats must be maintained, and eventually will need a repair or two down the road. This includes all the new boats that have come off the ways recently such as Bouchard’s new ATB that was christened in New Orleans in February. The articulated tug-barge unit, built at VT Halter, leads off this month’s On the Ways section that begins on page 26. Part of Bouchard’s major expansion program, the ATB is made up of a 10,000-hp tug and a 255,000-bbl. black oil barge. This month, the On the Ways section shows how diversified the workboat industry is. In addition to the Bouchard ATB, there’s a 68' survey boat All American is building for the Corps of Engineers that is due out early next year, Kvichak recently delivered two pilot boats to Oman, and Master Marine delivered another 2,000-hp towboat to Marquette. Also, on page 42, Bruce Buls writes about the new Olympic-class ferries for Washington state. The third vessel in the class is due out early next year, with the fourth and final ferry scheduled for a fall 2018 delivery. And all these boats must be maintained and kept in operation. At the second annual WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference and Expo set for New Orleans April 12-14, those workboat industry professionals responsible for keeping vessels in top condition and in service will come together. The expo will feature over 200 exhibitors showcasing products and services targeted specifically at vessel maintenance and repair. The conference sessions at the show include maintenance contracts and
David Krapf, Editor in Chief
customer service agreements, planned maintenance versus predictive maintenance, minimizing marine fouling, the value of condition-based maintenance, and reducing engine maintenance costs. There’s still time to register for the expo that many have described as a “mini-WorkBoat Show” chock full of quality contacts and attendees. You can view the full expo program at www.workboatmaintenanceandrepair.com/conference. To register for the conference and expo, visit www.WorkBoatMaintenanceandRepair.com. I look forward to seeing you in New Orleans next month.
dkrapf@divcom.com
WORKBOAT® (ISSN 0043-8014) is published monthly by Diversified Business Communications and Diversified Publications, 121 Free St., P.O. Box 7438, Portland, ME 04112-7438. Editorial Office: P.O. Box 1348, Mandeville, LA 70470. Annual Subscription Rates: U.S. $39; Canada $55; International $103. When available, extra copies of current issue are $4, all other issues and special issues are $5. For subscription customer service call (978) 671-0444. The publisher reserves the right to sell subscriptions to those who have purchasing power in the industry this publication serves. Periodicals postage paid at Portland, ME, and additional mailing offices. Circulation Office: 121 Free St., P.O. Box 7438, Portland, ME 04112-7438. From time to time, we make your name and address available to other companies whose products and services may interest you. If you prefer not to receive such mailings, please send a copy of your mailing label to: WorkBoat’s Mailing Preference Service, P.O. Box 7438, Portland, ME 04112. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to WORKBOAT, P.O. Box 1792, Lowell, MA 01853. Copyright 20 16 Printed in U.S.A. by Diversified Business Communications.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/14/16 4:57 PM
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www.workboat.com
We provide custom training Solutions for One individual or to large fleets · Emergency Response · Shipboard Safety · Basic Safety Training · Marine Fire Training
Building a culture of safety since 1989.
TRAINING THAT WORKS FOR YOU!
PUBLISHER
Jerry Fraser jfraser@divcom.com
EDITOR IN CHIEF
David Krapf dkrapf@divcom.com
SENIOR EDITOR
Ken Hocke khocke@divcom.com
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Kirk Moore kmoore@divcom.com
ONLINE EDITOR
Ashley Herriman aherriman@divcom.com
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS
Capt. Alan Bernstein • Bruce Buls • Michael Crowley • Dale K. DuPont • Pamela Glass • Max Hardberger • Kevin Horn • Joel Milton • Bill Pike • Kathy Bergren Smith
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Main Office: 121 Free St., P.O. Box 7438 • Portland, ME 04112-7438 • (207) 842-5608 • Fax: (207) 842-5609
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ADVERTISING PRODUCTION & ADVERTISING PROJECT MANAGER Wendy Jalbert 121 Free St., P.O. Box 7438 • Portland, ME 04112-7438 (207) 842-5616 • Fax: (207) 842-5611 wjalbert@divcom.com EASTERN U.S. AND CANADA EUROPE Kristin Luke (207) 842-5635 • Fax: (207) 842-5611 kluke@divcom.com WESTERN U.S. AND CANADA PACIFIC RIM Susan Chesney (206) 463-4819 • Fax: (206) 463-3342 schesney@divcom.com GULF / SOUTHERN U.S. SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA Jeff Powell (207) 842-5573 • Fax: (207) 842-5611 jpowell@divcom.com
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ATLANTIC / CENTRAL STATES Adam Shaw (207) 842-5496 • Fax: (207) 842-5611 ashaw@divcom.com EXPOSITIONS (207) 842-5508 • Fax: (207) 842-5509 Producers of The International WorkBoat Show, WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference and Expo, and Pacific Marine Expo www.workboatshow.com EXPOSITION SALES DIRECTOR Chris Dimmerling (207) 842-5666 • Fax: (207) 842-5509 cdimmerling@divcom.com
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www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/8/16 3:12 PM
Mack Boring & Parts Co. Phone: (908) 964-0700 East Coast
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3/7/16 10:01 AM
Hawaii mulls interisland ferry service study
ronmental activists and robust support from small business and the public. The remaining bill – Senate Bill 2618 – would direct and fund the state to conduct an interisland ferry service feasibility study and submit their report to the Legislature for the 2017 session. The measure was approved by the state Senate and sent to the House. The Hawaii Shippers’ Council (HSC) submitted testimony to the Senate identifying issues that should be addressed
N
ine ferry-related bills were introduced in the Hawaii Legislature’s 2016 regular session. Only one bill remains under consideration. Much of the widespread interest over a ferry service arises from the saga of Hawaii Superferry, whose interisland service ended in bankruptcy in 2009 amidst a flurry of allegations from envi-
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by the study. They include: • Public vs. Commercial Service. The bill anticipates a state-owned and operated service. HSC recommended identifying the most promising operating model and seeking a private operator. • Domestic vs. International Service. The bill calls for modeling the prospective interisland ferry after the Alaska Marine Highway System and Washington State Ferries. HSC recommended also considering commercially successful private oceangoing ferry services. • Vessel Type: Fast vs. Conventional Ferry. HSC recommended that the study determine whether a fast ferry or a conventional ferry would be best. • Jones Act: Exemption vs. Compliance. HSC recommended consideration of an exemption allowing a foreign owner to operate U.S.-flag foreign-built ferries as does Norwegian Cruise Lines with its foreign-built U.S.-flag cruise ship Pride of America. • Route Structure: All Islands vs. Selected Routes. HSC recommended routes that can support daily commercial ferry service as opposed to requiring that all islands be served. • Hawaii Water Carriers Act of 1972. HSC recommended an exemption for a commercial ferry operator from amendments subsequent to the Hawaii Superferry failure, which place unrealistic burdens on a new entrant. • Hawaii Environmental Policy Act (HEPA). The Hawaii State Supreme Court found minor state harbor improvements on Maui triggered the need for an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) covering the operation of Hawaii Superferry, which was the proximate cause of the company’s bankruptcy. HSC recommended a workable solution. • Harbor Facilities. HSC said a commercial ferry operator should not be expected to fund state harbor improvements upfront, as was the case with Hawaii Superferry. Michael N. Hansen President Hawaii Shippers’ Council Honolulu, Hawaii
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/14/16 2:33 PM
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On the Water
Wrong assumptions — Part II
M By Joel Milton
Joel Milton works on towing vessels. He can be reached at joelmilton@ yahoo.com.
any assumptions were made by everyone from the vessel managers and crew to the passengers themselves before the ferry Estonia set out on her final, fateful voyage in 1994. They all assumed, presumably, that the vessel would not capsize and sink or they never would have left port. And why not, the voyage had always gone smoothly before? The daily operation of a vessel — almost any vessel — requires that certain assumptions have to be made. For instance, unless there’s specific knowledge or evidence to the contrary, we assume that if we operate a given vessel in compliance with its stability letter then that vessel will be stable enough to safely operate within its design limitations. We also assume that the maximum number of passengers allowed by a vessel’s Certificate of Inspection (COI) can be carried without undue risk. Then we enter murkier waters. Is the minimum
manning allowed by that same COI realistic? Will it prevent fatigue from getting the better of the crew? Are Coast Guard-licensed or -certificated mariners fully qualified in a meaningful sense? Do they possess the skills, knowledge and ability to serve in the position they are licensed or have the certificate for? Will they be able to work effectively as a team member with the rest of the crew? If you don’t get the answers to these crucial questions, it can easily lead to danger. However, we shouldn’t extend that willingness to make reasonable inferences or assumptions to other items like pre-voyage equipment tests and checks. Steering gear, among many other things, should be tested each time before getting underway. Just because it worked the last time is no guarantee that it will work this time. So we test it. Any of the aforementioned assumptions may be wrong. History is littered with examples of them, and some have led to horrible tragedies. If you don’t want to become a statistic, establish a different mindset. You must be willing to question and test assumptions, not blindly follow them.
Captain’s Table
Safety management for the domestic fleet
T By Capt. Alan Bernstein
Alan Bernstein, owner of BB Riverboats in Cincinnati, is a licensed master and a former president of the Passenger Vessel Association. He can be reached at 859-292-2449 or abernstein@ bbriverboats.com.
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he domestic passenger vessel industry has a long history of safe operations. This achievement is the result of good training and just plain hard work. It is also the result of a strong working relationship with Coast Guard inspectors. While we do not always agree with the Coast Guard, like us, they are committed to maintaining safety for both passengers and crew. So, what is the next step in taking passenger vessel safety to the next level? For several years the Passenger Vessel Association (PVA) has been working on a voluntary safety management system (SMS) program called Flagship. The Coast Guard has been a part of this effort, taking part in planning sessions and reviewing and contributing to the development of the program’s guidelines. Flagship will be tailored for passenger vessel operators and will be scalable to fit virtually any size operation. It is a coordinated, comprehensive set of processes that facilitate optimal management of safety and environmental operations and mitigate risk. In developing the program, PVA hopes to get
ahead of potential regulation and ensure that the passenger vessel industry has access to an SMS designed for the domestic fleet, and not mirror international SMS requirements. We must maintain our distance from international regulations. The U.S. passenger vessel fleet is clearly different from the international fleet. Thus, imposing international standards on us is a big mistake. Here in the U.S., we have time-tested regulations and a strong and knowledgeable Coast Guard. Flagship fits nicely into our long tradition of working together with the Coast Guard. I cannot say the same for many international operators and governments around the world. I am a big proponent of Flagship because it will allow many passenger vessel operators to painlessly implement SMS. Flagship will also permit us to elevate safety to the next level in voluntary cooperation with the Coast Guard. Accidents do happen, so we owe it to ourselves, our passengers and our crews to keep moving forward and never take safety for granted.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/10/16 3:19 PM
FEBRUARY 2016 DAY RATES, FLEET UTILIZATION VESSEL TYPE
OSV Day Rates A long haul for oil By Bill Pike
L
ately, there has been a dearth of any good industry news. February began with news that Chevron had quashed its planned Buckskin and Moccasin developments in the ultradeepwater Gulf of Mexico, saying it had better places to put its money. Chevron posted a fourth-quarter loss of $1.95 billion. Chevron’s news was followed by the release of a study from Wood Mackenzie predicting that new drilling rules from BSEE “would raise drilling costs to such a degree it would push many offshore rigs out of the GOM, create a 35% drop in offshore oil production and result in the loss of more than 100,000 jobs by 2030.” Then came news several days later that Murphy Oil canceled its contract for Trans-
FEB. '16
FEB. '15
UTILIZATION FEB. '16
FEB. '15
SUPPLY (DWT) ocean’s Dis1,999 & below $ 8,694 $ 8,694 $14,613 74% 90% coverer Deep 2,000-2,999 $14,031 $14,031 $22,828 55% 86% Seas drillship 3,000-3,999 $25,333 $25,333 $30,924 100% 96% in the Gulf of 4,000-4,999 $24,340 $24,340 $30,750 100% 100% Mexico nine 5,000 & above $26,225 $26,225 $39,644 75% 100% months early. CREWBOATS The conUnder 170' $ 3,558 $ 3,558 $ 3,735 44% 60% tract began 170' & over $ 5,653 $ 5,653 $ 7,386 79% 82% in October SOURCE: WorkBoat survey of 32 offshore service vessel companies. 2013 when oil averaged $109 bbl. for Brent. At the time of canworld’s largest independent oil-trading cellation, Brent was trading at around house.” $33 bbl. Vitol Group BV CEO Ian Taylor Everyone hopes it will get betsaid that prices were “likely to bounce ter soon. But a February report from around a band with a midpoint of $50 Bloomberg Business (www.bloombarrel for the next decade.” Taylor said berg.com/news/articles/2016-02-08/ he felt a price recovery toward $45 to world-s-largest-energy-trader-sees-a$50 bbl. was likely in the second half decade-of-low-oil-prices) said it might of the year. take awhile. According to the report, In short, February was a short synopoil prices will stay low “for as long as sis of all that troubles the industry and 10 years as Chinese economic growth has yet to be fixed. Let’s hope for better slows and the U.S. shale industry acts news in March, with better prospects as a cap on any rally, according to the for higher prices and higher day rates.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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AVERAGE DAY RATES JAN. '16
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3/10/16 3:20 PM
STOCK CHART
WorkBoat Composite Index Stocks post slight gain
I
n February, the WorkBoat Composite Index ended a two-month slide by gaining 18 points. The 1.24% rise comes after the Index lost 7% in January and 4.6% in December. For the month, losers topped winners 16-14. Kirby Corp. rose almost 12% in February despite missing earnings estimates in the fourth quarter. Kirby hit five-year lows in late January after the Houston-based tank barge operator reported fourth-quarter earnings that
missed the analysts’ consensus estimate by three cents a share Kirby announced net earnings for the quarter ended Dec. 31 of $50.7 million, or 94 cents per share, compared with $68.1 million, or $1.19 per share, for the 2014 fourth quarter. Kirby reported 2015 net earnings of $226.7 million, or $4.11 per share, compared with $282 million, or $4.93 per share, for 2014. David Grzebinski, Kirby’s president and CEO, said demand for its marine
INDEX NET PERCENT COMPARISONS 1/29/16 2/29/16 CHANGE CHANGE Operators 290.00 287.81 -2.19 -0.76 Suppliers 2275.73 2313.67 37.94 1.67 Shipyards 1819.75 1857.53 37.78 2.08 Workboat Composite 1440.43 1458.30 17.87 1.24 PHLX Oil Service Index 148.05 144.40 -3.65 -2.47 Dow Jones Industrials 16466.30 16516.50 50.20 0.30 Standard & Poors 500 1940.24 1932.23 -8.01 -0.41
For the complete up-to-date WorkBoat Stock Index, go to: www.workboat.com/ workboat-index.aspx
transportation and diesel engine business was affected by the price volatility and lower prices of commodities. The company’s inland tank barge utilization dipped into the high-80% range for short periods during the quarter. Pricing for the company’s coastal marine transportation equipment held up well, although Kirby continued to see a decline in the percentage of equipment under term contract. “Customer demand has held up relatively well and the market continues to absorb barges coming out of crude service,” Grzebinski told analysts during Kirby’s fourth-quarter earnings call. “That said, volume has been less robust than we would expect in a healthy growing economy.” In early March, Kirby announced it had agreed to purchase the inland tank barge fleet of Seacor Holdings Inc. for approximately $88 million.
— David Krapf
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3/10/16 1:34 PM
Inland Insider Help for coal from U.S. energy exports?
T
he U.S. energy market has undergone big changes, highlighted by a reversal in policy late last year that lifted a four-decade-old ban on crude oil exports. It resulted in the first U.S. exports of crude oil in February from Texas followed by the first liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports. So, what are the long-term implications of these new markets for the barge industry? The direct affect of oil and natural gas energy exports on the barge sector are minimal. These products will move by pipeline to ocean terminals. However, there may be positive indirect impacts on other competitive energy sectors such as coal, which is often moved by barge. Boosting coal would require large quantities of energy ex-
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ports, particularly natural gas, to absorb enough excess U.S. LNG capacity to raise domestic prices. U.S. natural gas is currently trading near record lows at about $1.79 per million British thermal unit (MMBtu). There is nearly four trillion cubic feet in storage and annual production is about 30 trillion cubic feet. A typical LNG export vessel carries three billion cubic feet or about one ten-thousandth of annual production. Thus, a huge volume of LNG vessel exports would be required to affect the domestic natural gas glut and depressed prices. U.S. LNG exports will substantially rise because of big savings for major markets like Europe, which is largely dependent on imports from Russia by pipeline. The immediate problem is that LNG export terminals are very expensive long-term capital investments that need time to develop. The U.S. Energy Information Administration projects that six domestic
LNG export facilities, including five currently under construction, will have the capability to export 9.2 billion cubic feet By Kevin Horn per day (Bcf/d). This is about 13% of current domestic natural gas production when fully developed by 2019. Consequently, low natural gas prices will continue to adversely affect any recovery of coal. Barge coal volumes came in under 11 million tons in December 2015 and January 2016, marking the lowest volumes for the fouryear period beginning in 2012. Overall, barge coal movements are about 20% to 25% less in 2015 and 2016 (year to date) compared to 2012. Kevin Horn is a senior manager with GEC Inc., Delaplane, Va. He can be contacted at khorn@gecinc.com.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/10/16 3:20 PM
IT’S DIFFERENT OUT THERE...
Whether you are navigating the Mississippi or operating in the Gulf, Caterpillar is there with products and services to support you. Cat propulsion engines and generator sets are designed to meet your high standards for power, reliability, and efficiency to differentiate your business in the marketplace. Louisiana Cat can meet your needs for the reliable heavy duty performance that will give you peace of mind. When you are out working on the water, Cat products and services make the difference. Visit us at Booth 619 at the Workboat Maintenance & Repair Expo, April 12-14 in New Orleans.
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www.LouisianaCat.com/Marine
© 2015 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, BUILT FOR IT, their respective logos, “Caterpillar Yellow,” the “Power Edge” trade dress as well as corporate and product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
3/7/16 10:01 AM
Insurance Watch
How do you insure your employees?
A
t the International WorkBoat Show in December, I held a seminar about how to insure employees and vessel crews for injuries and illnesses at work. My talk was well received so I thought I’d write a synopsis of it. WET: Let’s start with the wet environment of a vessel crew. Vessels traveling from port to port in the U.S. are required to have Protection and Indemnity (P&I) for crews, either through self-insurance or a guaranteed cost option, insurance. This covers crews for injuries that are either caused by negligence or an unseaworthy condition. The Jones Act applies here. It’s an adversarial law, meaning the
crew person actually claims that the shipowner injured them. The other coverage that applies to both injuries and illness of crewmembers is the law of the sea or General Maritime Law. It is a “no-fault” law that covers the crew regardless of the cause as long as they were “in service of the ship.” DAMP: This is the area around docks, wharves and other areas around the ships. Employees here are usually stevedores and other employees who service, load and unload ships, and who go on and off ships but aren’t considered crew. These employees are covered by a federal law called the U.S. Longshore and Harborworkers Act (USL&H), enacted in the 1920s. There is much case law regarding this act because many inland (or dry) workers try to claim that this law applies to their injuries. It may seem obvious, but generally a worker will receive more money under this law than workers’ compensation insurance.
DRY: This applies to workers who might occasionally enter a vessel, but are mainly land-based By Gene employees. WorkMcKeever ers’ compensation laws of whatever state they’re in would apply here. Workers’ compensation laws are no-fault, which means the injury occurred within the course and scope of the employee’s employment. Often a state act (dry) employee will try to claim under the more lucrative USL&H, so there’s a large body of law here, too. This is just a quick explanation and these scenarios can be complicated. Your marine insurance agent can help. Gene McKeever is a marine insurance agent with Allen Insurance and Financial. He can be reached at 800-4394311 or gmckeever@allenif.com
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www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/10/16 3:20 PM
Legal Talk Punitive damages and the Jones Act
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recent Jones Act case in Louisiana District Court focused attention on the issue of punitive damages under U.S. maritime law. In Howard v. Offshore Liftboats LLC, two employees were injured during a basket transfer from a utility vessel to a liftboat. At the time, they were working for the company that owned and operated the liftboat. As for the utility vessel, it was owned and operated by a different company. The employees sued the liftboat company for negligence and punitive damages. They also sued the utility vessel company for negligence, unseaworthiness, and punitive damages. The utility vessel operator (the nonemployer) filed a motion to dismiss the
punitive damages claim. A motion is essentially a request for a court to do something, such as deciding an issue or dismissing a claim. In this motion to dismiss, the utility vessel company relied on the Fifth Circuit decision in McBride v. Estis Well Services LLC, which denies punitive damages in general maritime law and Jones Act cases. In response, the employees relied on the decision in Collins v. A.B.C. Marine Towing LLC, a case where punitive damages were allowed against a non-employer third party. The Collins case referenced Atlantic Sounding v. Townsend, a Supreme Court decision in which punitive damages were allowed when an employer arbitrarily withheld maintenance and cure. However, the Supreme Court in Townsend ruled on punitive damages only in the context of maintenance and cure. The Supreme Court did not address punitive damages in the broader realm of unseaworthiness. Therefore,
the Louisiana District Court in the case at hand sided with the utility vessel company and dismissed the By Tim Akpinar punitive damages claims of the two employees. Punitive damages, in general, can be a contentious subject. Depending on the nature of a case, courts could uphold punitive damages if they found the conduct of a wrongdoer to be egregious. Some legal experts dislike the concept because it can open the door to injustice, where a defendant is thrown under the bus so to speak, for the sake of “sending a strong message” through heavy-handed punitive damages. Tim Akpinar is a Little Neck, N.Y.-based maritime attorney and former marine engineer. He can be reached at 718-2249824 or t.akpinar@verizon.net.
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www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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APRIL 2016
NEWS LOG NEWS BITTS KIRBY TO BUY SEACOR TANK BARGE FLEET
Marquette Transportation
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The Subchapter M towboat inspection final rule should finally be published in the summer. It was first proposed in 2011.
Subchapter M final rule set for summer release
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ubchapter M could actually hit the finish line this summer. Subchapter “When,” as many in the industry call it because of the lengthy time it has taken to reach the final rule stage, will establish safety regulations governing the inspection, standards, and safety management systems of towing vessels. The new Coast Guard rule will include specific electrical and machinery requirements for new and existing towing vessels, the use and approval of third-party auditors and surveyors, and procedures for obtaining Certificates of Inspection. The Department of Homeland Security recently signed off on arguably the most important rulemaking in the history of the barge industry and sent the legislative package to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the final step in the process before it is published in the Federal Register. The American Waterways Opera16
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tors, the national trade association for the tug, towboat and barge industry, said the final stage in the administration review process typically takes about 90 days. This means the rule could be published by the end of June. “This has been a long time coming. It’s a very safe bet it will be sometime in June,” said Jennifer Carpenter, AWO’s executive vice president and COO. “The silver lining is that the industry has had a lot of time to get ready for this. We’ll have to see but I’m expecting that the industry has put this time to good use.” The final rule will cover about 6,000 towing vessels. Compliance will cost operators an estimated $14 million to $18 million annually over a 10-year phase-in period. Twenty-five percent of a fleet must obtain a certificate of inspection each year. Carpenter said companies should welcome the change. “We’ve come so far from the term ‘uninspected vessels’
cquisitions continue in the barge sector, with Houston-based Kirby Corp. signing an $88 million cash deal to acquire the inland tank barge fleet of Seacor Holdings Inc. Kirby will acquire Seacor’s 27 30,000-bbl. inland tank barges and 13 towboats, plus an additional barge and towboat under construction. Kirby will also transfer one Florida-based shipdocking tug to Seacor in the deal. Seacor, through its subsidiary SCF Waxler Marine LLC, transports refined petroleum products, petrochemicals and black oil on the Mississippi River System and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. David Grzebinski, Kirby's president and CEO, said the barges will operate primarily in the refined products trade, and “will be complementary to our existing fleet and will allow us to continue to enhance customer service.” The closing of the purchase is expected to occur early in the second quarter of 2016. — Kirk Moore
dogging us,” she said. “We shouldn’t be afraid to be inspected because we’ve done so much to improve safety.” Ian McVicker, towing vessel coordinator at ABS Group, Paducah, Ky., said at the International WorkBoat Show in New Orleans in December, that one of the most important things that companies can do in advance of the final rule is to study the proposal and prepare all components of their business to be in compliance. It’s unlikely that the final rule will differ much from the proposed rule, he said. “The best thing that companies can do is educate themselves about the rule, or have someone go through it with them. They could also meet with the Coast Guard Towing Center of Expertise,” McVicker said. — Ken Hocke
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/9/16 5:17 PM
Dry cargo barges built at healthy clip in 2015
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rumbling infrastructure and high water aren’t the only problems the U.S. barge industry has wrestled with over the past several months. “There are a lot of problems like the depressed price of oil, natural gas versus coal, unbalanced exchange rates,” said Sandor J. Toth, publisher, River Transport News (RTN). Another problem that has emerged is overbuilding. The inland barge industry took delivery of 880 new jumbo hopper barges in 2015, a 57% increase over the 561 delivered in 2014, according to RTN, which provides news and analysis on the inland river industry. Of the 880 jumbo hopper barges delivered, 737 were covered and 143 were open. Trinity Marine Products delivered the most jumbo covered, 504, and jumbo uncovered, 141. Brownsville Marine Products was next with 180 covered and two uncovered. Jeffboat delivered 53 jumbo covered barges in 2015. Jeffboat’s sister company, American Commercial Barge Lines, added the most new hopper barges to its fleet, 168 in 2015. Seventy-five of them were from its acquisition of AEP River Operations and 40 were under long-term charter with Russell Flowers, RTN reported. Marquette Transportation with 167 was next. Toth said it is hard to pinpoint the exact reason for the increase but that a record year for dry cargo rates and profits in 2014 was certainly a contributing factor. “Demand was strong in every sector except coal,” he said. Unfortunately, by 2015, demand had softened significantly. “By the end of last year, the industry was tying up barges and that’s in the middle of harvest time,” said Toth. “The problem is the industry doesn’t have a lot of old stuff to take out of the fleet.” In 2015, no overseas sales of hopper barges were recorded. The news was better on the inland tank barge side. Deliveries slowed significantly in 2015 to 251, down from 2014’s record of 344, RTN said. The
2015 totals were the lowest since 2011 when 165 tank barges were delivered. The total capacity of the 2015 newbuild tank barges was 5.14 million bbls. Total capacity of 2014 newbuild tank barges was 7.74 million bbls. ACBL took delivery of the most tank barges in 2015, 48. This included 40 new 10,000bbl. barges built by Jeffboat. — K. Hocke
Major changes are underway in the oil industry, analyst says
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t’s anybody’s guess when the price of oil will rise to the point where more than a handful of companies can make money in the energy industry. When it happens, however, the industry won’t look like it used to. “I think there has been a major shift in the oil industry,” IHS EnergyPetrodata MarineBase marine analyst Richard Sanchez said. “I don’t think we’ll get back to a sustained price of $100 bbl. if or when current storage is depleted. “Before fracking proved itself to be a profitable source of new oil production, oil company executives were complaining that there were not a lot of new large reserves (offshore) available to them because national oil companies like Petrobras and Pemex were keeping it for themselves,” Sanchez continued. “The rise of profitable onshore oil production has been a real game changer. It has unlocked reserves onshore, which were not commercially viable with traditional drilling methods.” There is greater volatility in the market because onshore production can get product to the market more quickly than offshore. “The offshore industry requires high capital costs and long lead times to bring oil to market. That requires long-term confidence from the investment community,” said Sanchez. “Some in the offshore service industry are seriously concerned that when the oil price recovers, those investment dollars might favor onshore versus offshore. We are entering undiscovered
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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3/9/16 5:16 PM
More scrutiny and cuts for Navy LCS building program
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U.S. Navy
territory, and conventional wisdom might not hold true.” Sanchez said the weakest companies would not survive the current downturn. “By not adjusting OPEC production to ameliorate low oil prices, the Saudis have essentially forced the global oil industry to become much more efficient and it has curtailed investment in the most expensive sources of oil,” he said. “While we’ve had longstanding assumptions about who are the most or least efficient oil producing sectors, this downturn is a crucible that will eliminate the weakest and least efficient.” — K. Hocke
The LCS Fort Worth.
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www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/9/16 5:06 PM
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NEWS BITTS Stackley said the Navy is still developing its plan to complete the frigate construction program, with an initial reduction from three new ships to two in fiscal year 2017. If that drops to one ship a year, as a result of funding constraints and the Defense Department’s decision in December to reduce the final fleet numbers, the program will not be enough to sustain both shipyards, Stackley said. It was an echo of Stackley’s warning
to Congress in March 2015, when he said that some Navy contractors were “one contract away” from leaving the shipbuilding business. After two major mechanical LCS breakdowns, the Navy opened a 60-day review in March, and brought on a new executive officer for the program, Rear Adm. John Neagley, who helped write original requirements for the LCS class in 2003. Defects on new ships are costing the
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COAST GUARD PULLS SHALE WASTEWATER PROPOSAL
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he Coast Guard withdrew its proposed policy for certifying barge operators to carry shale gas extraction wastewater in bulk. The plan was under attack from environmental and antifracking activists, but the Coast Guard said a lack of industry interest was another reason for dropping the policy. In 2011, a tank barge operator applied to the Coast Guard for permission to transport shale gas wastewater, a fluid mixture of water, drill mud and chemicals. Anticipating that a surge of applications would come to service the then-booming hydraulic fracturing drill industry in Pennsylvania and other northern Appalachian states, the Coast Guard set about developing a new policy. While some wastewater is recycled at shale drilling sites, it is also shipped to disposal injection wells or recycling plants in Ohio and other neighboring states. At the time, the Coast Guard said it was getting inquiries from barge operators who thought they could carry wastewater more cheaply and efficiently than tanker trucks, or take it farther afield for disposal in Texas and Louisiana. After the policy was proposed in October 2013 critics blanketed the Coast Guard with almost 70,000 negative comments, compared to just 21 in support. In a Feb. 23 notice in the Federal Register, Coast Guard officials said they had not “received significant interest from industry.” — K. Moore
Navy and Coast Guard too much on contracts, according to a Government Accounting Office study that found the government paid 86% of costs for fixing six new ships. That sample included two early LCSes, the 387' Fort Worth built by Marinette and the 418' Coronado from Austal. Navy officials told GAO auditors that their approach of paying builders to take corrective action “reduces the overall cost of purchasing ships. However, the Navy has no analysis that proves their point,” the report states. —Kirk Moore
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/9/16 5:16 PM
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Shipyard Waste
Wash Cycle
Boatyards must prevent wash water discharge.
By Kirk Moore, Associate Editor
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K
eeping a boatyard clean used to be simple: when you spotted a piece of trash, you picked it up and put it in its place. But housekeeping around the water has changed a lot in the 21st century. Broader applications of the Clean Water Act and other federal and state laws have extended the list of issues operators must keep track of, from hazardous waste storage and disposal, to treating and recycling boat bottom wash water, and even handling storm water. “The main change has been the requirement to eliminate the discharge of wash water. A number of states are in various stages of developing regulations,” said Michael Danko, assistant director of extension for the New Jersey Sea Grant Consortium, one of 33 federally supported Sea Grant programs that help boatyard and marina operators in coastal and Great Lakes states. Brian Hall saw the change coming. In 2007 when New Jersey was one of the first states moving toward regulating wash water discharge, Hall’s
Dillon’s Creek Marina, Island Heights, N.J., invested in its first wash water treatment system. After testing for two years, in 2009 they settled on a second method. It’s an electrocoagulation system from OilTrap Environmental, Tumwater, Wash., that captures oil and grease, heavy metals and other contaminants. Hall commissioned an engineering study that showed the treated water was clean enough to go into the local sewage treatment system. That’s a significant cost savings over having it trucked somewhere for disposal. “I’m very happy with the performance,” said Hall, who uses the integrated wash-down system for blasting hulls and cleaning up engines and machinery without worry of oil spilling into the creek. “Seven years with minimal maintenance. I think it does a great service to the waterway.” Along with the Clean Water Act, Congress appropriated billions for cleaning up industrial discharges and building better sewage treatment systems. In the late 1990s attention began turning
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Shipyards are much cleaner today than they were in the past.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/8/16 4:47 PM
by industry groups and state environmental agencies, BMPs offer checklists for operators to set up their workspaces, and plan waste management. They cover “everything from where you’re storing chemicals, to fuel, waste handling, signage,” Miller said. Working on engines in open Participating yards yards requires containment that follow through on to capture fluids and keep the program can get a them off the ground. walk-through inspection certified — a good marketing tool to show that operators are Clean Marina Series of boatyard water aware of their environmental impact. filtration and recycling systems. “It’s just called good stewardship. Some state environmental agencies I don’t sell my systems based on the are actively partnering with industry EPA or regulations. It’s about efficiengroups and the federally funded Sea cy and doing the right thing,” said Rob Grant university extension programs to Sheldon, co-owner of Aquas Group, promote best management practices at East Providence, R.I., that builds the yard and haul out facilities. Other states
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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NJ Sea Grant
in earnest toward pollution right at the water’s edge from vessel maintenance and repair, fuel and oil spills, hazardous waste and litter. Declining water quality in Chesapeake Bay led Maryland to take action. But instead of a mandatory crackdown on boatyards, in 1999 the state launched the nation’s first “clean marina” program, a cooperative effort with industry to set voluntary standards. Over the years similar public-private partnerships took root in more states, and generated a body of advice for yard operators in the form of best management practices. BMPs are detailed checklists in plain language that any yard operator can use. “It’s a voluntary program, it’s not in any way regulatory,” said Christian Miller, an extension specialist with the Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium. Developed and publicized through Sea Grant offices and disseminated
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Shipyard Waste are more hands-off, until a violation is reported. Following those voluntary guidelines can spare yard operators from unfortunate accidents. For any waterfront facility, waste mishandling can balloon into a Clean Water Act violation. PAYING THE PRICE Even small mistakes can come with a big price tag. In 2011, Metro Machine Corp. in Norfolk, Va., agreed to pay state regulators a $19,600 fine after 500 lbs. of hazardous waste were mistakenly thrown out with regular trash. Most of the waste was calcium carbide, which reacts with water to produce flammable acetylene gas. The mistake was discovered when the load began smoking at a garbage facility. The emergency response there cost the shipyard another $14,000. One helpful development has been a trend away from the use of volatile and hazardous materials in the marine in-
dustry, with increasing use of less toxic coatings and solvents. More choices and more efficient supply chains let operators buy what they need when they need it, reducing wastage. “They don’t have a lot of hazardous waste any more. A lot of them have moved away from using harsh chemicals,” Danko said. State environmental agencies may issue general permits to shipyard operators to cover daily operations without the time and expense of applying for much more detailed individual permits. For example, Maine issues general permits for boatyards, but requires more stringent individual permits for waterways of special concern. When operators apply for waterfront development permits, it can bring closer scrutiny from state regulators and pressure for site improvements. “If you apply for something — modifying a bulkhead, adding a dock — that’s when you run into permits,” Danko said.
Storm water handling is an emerging issue for boatyards, as more attention focuses on pollution that washes off paved areas into the adjacent waterway. Grassy swales and retention basins are ways to keep runoff on site until it can percolate into the ground. But reworking a drainage plan is expensive. The goal is to minimize pollutants reaching the water and protecting shorelines from erosion, by diverting and filtering water before it can take a direct path. BMPs for that include working on haul out vessels on crushed stone or paved areas with slopes away from the waterway, and creating buffer areas like swales or settling basins. “When they were designed, no one was paying a lot of attention to storm water management,” Miller said of Gulf Coast yards. Sea Grant’s partners are talking about how some kind of cost sharing with government and industry might be a way to spur those improvements, he said.
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Bouchard christens 255,000-bbl. ATB
Bouchard christened its latest ATB on the New Orleans riverfront in February.
B
ouchard Transportation Co. Inc. christened a new 255,000-bbl. articulated tug-barge (ATB) in New Orleans in February. The ATB, part of the Melville, N.Y.-based coastal oil barge company’s major expansion program, is made up of the 150'×50', 10,000-hp tug Donna J. Bouchard and the 628'5"×91'×47' black oil tank barge B. No. 272. Designed by Guarino & Cox, Covington, La., the barge has a deadweight tonnage of 35,800 LT and a cargo capacity of 255,000 bbls. of petroleum products. The new ATB, built at Pascagoula, Miss.-based VT Halter Marine, is hauling product for ExxonMobil’s marine affiliate, Houston-based SeaRiver Maritime, a frequent charterer of Bouchard’s equipment. “Bouchard enjoys a long relationship with Halter that goes back some 50 years, and the relationship with SeaRiver is just as strong,” Morton S. Bouchard III said during christening ceremonies on the Mississippi River in New Orleans. B. No. 272 is classed ABS A1 Oil Tank Barge, Circle E, UWILD, SH, SHCM, CPS and USCG certified Oil Tank Barge Grade “B” and lower cargo authority for the Jones Act trade. It features three John Deere-powered 300-kW main generators and a 90-kW John Deere-powered auxiliary unit. There are twin ballast water treatment systems from Hyde Guardian and fire detection and fire extinguishing systems from Hiller. 26
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“What I originally thought was a barge is really quite a ship,” SeaRiver’s Jim Muschalik said at the christening. The 10,000-hp Donna J. Bouchard ATB tug is classed by ABS as an A1 Towing Vessel, Dual Mode ATB, USCG Subchapter M. It’s equipped with an Intercon coupler system. With a 25' draft, the new tug’s main propulsion comes from two EMD 20-170-G7C, Tier 3 diesel engines, producing a total of 10,000 hp. Ship’s service power is the responsibility of three 200-kw gensets powered by John Deere 6090AFM75 marine generator drive engines and a 150-kW auxiliary genset powered by a Deere 6068AFM85 marine generator drive engine. Capacities include 293,000 gals. of fuel; 5,300 gals. lube oil and 11,700 gals. fresh water. According to its website, Bouchard now boasts a fleet of 24 tugs and 26 barges.— Ken Hocke
All American building Corps survey boat
I
n February, All American Marine began construction on a custom hydrofoil supported aluminum catamaran survey boat for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Philadelphia District. The Bellingham, Wash., boatyard is scheduled to deliver the 68'×26' survey boat in early 2017. It will conduct surveys and some dive operations in support of dredging work. www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/14/16 1:52 PM
All American Marine
68' survey boat being built for the Corps’ Philadelphia District.
just behind the hydrofoil, which spans between the two hulls to generate lift for the two hulls. Power to operate the computers and monitoring devices will come from a pair of Northern Lights C40M.3 40kW generators located in each hull. The Corps’ new vessel will primarily be a day boat, but there will be a shower, head and galley in the hulls for overnight work. — Michael Crowley
Kvichak delivers two new pilot boats to Oman
S
everal years of travel to and promotion in the Middle East is now bearing fruit for Seattle-based Kvichak Marine Industries, (now a Vigor 19-meter pilot boats for the Port of Duqm.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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subsidiary). The first client is the Port of Duqm in Oman. The first products are a pair of 19-meter multipurpose pilot boats. Designed by Camarc in the U.K., the same firm that has provided designs for many Kvichak-built boats, the allaluminum, deep-V, double-chine boats measure 62.3'×19.7' and are powered by pairs of Cummins QSK-19 800-hp engines. But unlike most other Kvichak pilot boats, these boats don’t feature waterjet propulsion. The ZF 2000A transmissions turn 5-bladed nibral propellers. The new boats are also equipped with a Lamor skimming system and a small Palfinger knuckle-boom crane. “Its foremost function is to be a pilot
Kvichak Marine
Teknicraft Design, Auckland, New Zealand, designed the 68-footer and another survey boat that All American recently built, the 62'×24' Florida II for the Corps’ Jacksonville (Fla.) District. Besides size, there are a couple of differences between the two survey boats. The Florida II has a single-level deckhouse and waterjets for power, while the 68-footer will be a two-deck boat with traditional props for propulsion. “The Florida II goes from Jacksonville all the way to Tampa,” said Joe Hudspeth, All American’s vice president of business development. “You are literally going down and around the entire state of Florida. They need the speed and waterjets are better for speed over 30 knots.” The Florida II has a top speed of 32 knots. The Corps’ new 68-footer will have a top speed of 28 knots, behind the power of a pair of Caterpillar C18s putting out a total of 1,001 hp. But since the Philadelphia District is much smaller than Jacksonville, “the slower speed of 28 knots works well for propeller propulsion,” said Hudspeth. The collection of survey data takes place in both the upper and lower deckhouses. On the top deck, a member of the survey team uses computers to work with the captain so the boat stays on the course necessary to collect the required data. Down below in the lower deckhouse, the “data is processed on different sets of computers,” said Hudspeth. “By the time they are in port they will have useful data for decisions they have to make for dredging operations.” On the lower deck, behind the deckhouse, will be a moon pool. It will feature a deployable strut that can be mounted with “a variety of transducers and sonars,” said Hudspeth. The strut can be lowered to the depth of the keel, “so you are getting a nice, clean view without any obstructions.” Another benefit of the deployable strut is that every time it’s lowered in to position, the transducers are in the same spot “so the data is not skewed at all.” The deployable strut will be
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On TheWays boat,” said Kvichak’s Brian Gallagher. “But one of their requirements was the ability to capture oil spills in the port. They also required a deck crane for loading boom and other equipment or cargo.” Oman is located at the southeast corner of the Arabian Peninsula and Duqm is on the Arabian Sea in the eastern central part of the country. Because
the area can be very hot and dusty, the boats had to be outfitted accordingly. The open deck and pilothouse are painted with light colors to reflect sunlight, the house is heavily insulated, the air conditioning is beefed up, and the windows are thicker with bonded glass to reduce UV light inside. “We also added extra fans for the engine room along with special dust
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filters throughout to prevent the engines from getting plugged with the extra fine sand in the air,” said Gallagher. Gallagher added that the interior was “beautifully appointed” with seats for up to eight pilots and two crewmembers. Each boat has a small bunkroom, which will mostly be used for stowage, since the pilot boats will mainly operate as day boats. Kvichak sent a demonstrator response boat-medium (RB-M) to the Middle East in 2012, and it’s still there. “We’ve paid for demonstrations in each one of the U.S.-friendly, allied countries in the GCC [Gulf Cooperation Council],” said Gallagher. “We also have an agent who lives in Bahrain and travels to all these countries. So we’re excited to get our foot in the door over there after all the efforts we’ve expended.” Gallagher said Kvichak has other deals pending in the area and that the first two pilot boats will be heavily promoted, starting with DIMDEX, a military tradeshow to be held in Qatar in late March. — Bruce Buls
Multi-Bolt
aster Marine Inc., Bayou La Batre, Ala., recently delivered the 78'×34'×11' Z-drive towboat St. Phillip to Marquette Transportation Co.’s Gulf Inland Division in Harahan, La. Designed by Kenner, La.-based Entech Designs LLC, the new towboat is fitted with two Patterson 40-ton deck winches supplied by Donovan Marine, New Orleans, to secure barge tows. “Some companies took their existing design and installed the Z-drives in them. We commissioned Entech to use an existing 78'×34' proven hull and modified the hull shape for the best draft and performance working with ZF Marine,” said Steve Authement, business development and sales, Master Marine. “If you compare all of the other Z-drive designs that have been built, they are between 68' to 87' with most of them drafting more than eight www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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akota Creek Industries, Anacortes, Wash., delivered the 242'×54' cargo vessel Coastal Standard to Seattle’s Coastal Transportation in February. The vessel’s design from NaviForm Consulting & Research, Vancouver, British Columbia, features entirely enclosed cargo holds, which are accessed through a waterproof door in the hull’s port side. This prevents rain and snow from entering cargo areas, and increases cargo handling efficiency. Palletized cargo is loaded and offloaded by forklifts on an elevator that connects the upper and lower cargo areas as well as the main deck. A Caterpillar C280-8 Tier 2 diesel engine producing 3,084 hp gives the vessel a service speed of 14 knots. Armstrong Marine, Port Angeles, Wash., is building a new 79' whale watching vessel for Prince of Whales Whale Cargo vessel for Alaska route. Watching, Vancou-
ver, British Columbia. The 94-passenger Salish Sea Dream will be powered by four Volvo Penta D13700, Tier 3, inboard turbo diesel engines, New whale watcher is set producing 700 hp at for delivery in May. 2,300 rpm each. It will be delivered in May. This summer Hike Metals, Ontario, is scheduled to deliver the 65'×21' Iron Guppy, a Robert Allan Ltd. designed single-screw tug for the Port of Toronto. Power for the new tug will be provided by an inline six-cylinder Tier 3-rated Cummins QSK19-M producing 750 hp and providing six-tons of bollard pull. Bollinger Shipyards Inc., Lockport, La., recently delivered the Donald Horsley, the 17th 154' fast response cutter, to the Coast Guard. The Sentinel-class FRC is capable of speeds in excess of 28 knots. The vessel will be commissioned to Puerto Rico. Pacific Power Group
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feet fully loaded. “Our design has seven to eight crew accommodations with four bathrooms with a loaded draft of eight foot or less,” continued Authement. “Our 78-footer has approximately 40,000 pounds more steel than other same sized vessels since we do not use any stud walls in our cabins on this design. Every interior cabin wall is a steel framed bulkhead.” Main propulsion comes from a pair of Caterpillar C32, Tier 3, diesel engines, producing 1,000 hp at 1,800 rpm each, connected to ZF AT 5111 WMFP Z-drives. The propulsion package gives the St. Phillip a running speed of 10 knots. The Cats were supplied by Thompson Power Systems, Mobile, Ala. Tankage for the new towboat includes 24,000 gals. of fuel and 6,550 gals. potable water. Ship’s service power is the responsibility of twin John Deere
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River Watch
The 2011 high water event on the Mississippi.
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Brian Gauvin
When high or low water hits, action plans kick in.
3/8/16 4:34 PM
By Dale K. DuPont, Correspondent
W
hen the Baton Rouge, La., gauge hits the 35' flood stage and the water’s rising, an elaborate plan kicks in to keep Mississippi River traffic moving as safely as possible. Conference calls are held, barge tow sizes are limited, horsepower requirements are spelled out, travel at certain points may be restricted to daylight only, and tank barges must be in a tow’s most protected position. As the water gets higher and gauges hit new trigger points, the detailed list of procedures gets even longer. Similar drills are repeated elsewhere on the Mississippi and on other rivers whenever the water’s too high or too low. The communication and coordination details are all part of a system developed by the waterways’ major players after trial and error. And admittedly it’s a work in progress. “It’s a learning process every day when you’re dealing with Mother Nature,” said Reggie Tubbs, the Paducah, Ky., port captain for Hunter Marine Transport Inc., Nashville, Tenn. “There’s always room for improvement,” but the system works well. JOINT EFFORT The relationship that’s both collegial and symbiotic involves the river indus-
try, the Army Corps of Engineers, the Coast Guard and the National Weather Service (NWS). They don’t always see eye-to-eye, and accidents still occur as evidenced in this winter’s rare near-record floods when spots like the Vicksburg, Miss., railroad bridge were especially hard hit. Some may have objected to tow and draft restrictions, arguing one size doesn’t fit all, and others might have wanted the spillways opened earlier and kept open longer. But, “we have learned through decades of doing this that pushing the envelope doesn’t work,” said Capt. Harley Hall, vice president of operations at Tennessee Valley Towing Inc., Paducah, and a member of the Tennessee-Cumberland Industry Committee (TCIC). Sure, the delays cost money, “but we probably didn’t lose as much as if a barge were sunk.” The emergency system now in place grew out of some hard learned lessons. The drought of 1988 that caught everyone flatfooted and a fatal towboat sinking in high water on the Ohio River in 2005 led to the birth of two key components: the River Industry Executive Task Force (RIETF) and the Waterways Action Plan (WAP). Both are used when the going gets rough. In the summer of 1988 when the Memphis, Tenn., gauge hit a record low of -10.7', there was no industry user group to coordinate with the Coast Guard and the Corps. The river at Greenville,
'It’s a learning process every day when you’re dealing with Mother Nature.' Reggie Tubbs Port Captain Hunter Marine Transport Miss., was closed with 71 tows waiting while the Corps spent four days doing emergency dredging, according to a 2007 WAP. A few days later, the industry formed the Lower Mississippi River Committee (LOMRC) with representatives from towing companies and the Corps. Closures and groundings continued. Then the American Waterways Operators (AWO) hosted a meeting in St. Louis to discuss the crises. And out of that came RIETF, whose members include senior level barge line representatives, the Corps and the Coast Guard. “It is apparent that the [Coast Guard, the Corps] and the marine industry were caught off guard by the severity of the drought,” the plan says. Some critics were more charitable than others. Nevertheless, “it is clear that once industry formed the RIETF, waterways management and communication among all parties improved.” Then in early 2005, high water on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers wreaked more havoc. The towboat Elizabeth M, owned by Campbell Transportation Company Inc., was swept over the Montgomery Dam in Beaver County, Pa., killing four of the seven crewmembers aboard. The Coast Guard issued a
Magnolia Marine Transport towboats alongside the damaged MM46 hot oil barge for lightering operations on the Mississippi River near Natchez, Miss., on Jan. 22. www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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David Krapf
Adam Davis, NOAA
The water was running high and fast earlier this year on the Lower Mississippi River near New Orleans.
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RISK MANAGEMENT The plans, which apply to different parts of the rivers, clearly spell out the response at trigger readings on gauges. Lynn Muench, a senior vice president with AWO in St. Louis, calls the action plans “our guiding light.” “This is one of the finest examples of a public/private partnership to manage risk,” said Capt. Paul Dittman, director of the Western Rivers Division for the Coast Guard’s Eighth District. WAPs,
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river advisory, “but the locks were open for any towboats who wanted to take barges through,” the plan says. On the Upper and Lower Mississippi, restrictions were imposed. But a more cohesive response was needed. “Having multiple plans with different terminology, river emergencies and response requirements resulted in unnecessary confusion,” the plan says. So, the WAP was created.
The Bonnet Carré Spillway above New Orleans was opened on Jan. 10.
which are updated when necessary, provide “solid guidance and direction … [they] are not necessarily written in stone. They are flexible as new lessons are learned.” And there’s no limit on the number of conference calls or updates. “We have been briefing the barge industry on a daily basis, sometimes an hourly basis,” Dr. Suzanne Van Cooten, a hydrologist with the NWS in Slidell, La., told WorkBoat during the worst of
this winter’s floods. “They are a good partner, very knowledgeable. They are out there every day, and they bring a perspective that is extremely valuable.” The Corps generally has monthly calls with the Coast Guard and industry. Then in extreme high or low water, the calls can be daily, said Dennis Norris, the Corps’ chief of operations for the Mississippi Valley Division and Mississippi River Commission. Hundreds of people are notified and anyone
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Images for illustrative purpose only.
THE CALM BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER THE
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David Krapf
can initiate a call. “Multiple tactical organizations” – such as Capt. Hall’s TCIC – made up of users along all of the waterways, usually get involved first when there’s a problem in a specific area, Norris said. “I always tell the industry we need the information their mariners are seeing” so they can dispatch a survey boat. The task force joins in when extreme problems stretch from one region to another, as in this winter’s floods. “There’s a tremendous amount of dialogue going back and forth,” Norris said. His Vicksburg office includes a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) person. “What’s important to us is not just the intensity of the storm but the track and where the rain actually falls” so they can manage the reservoirs, he said. As the crest moves south, “New Orleans district people are listening to what’s happening in Memphis.”
Moran tugs on the Lower Mississippi River in January.
The weather service coordinates daily with the Corps and other weather districts from Minneapolis, Kansas City and Cincinnati down to New Orleans “When we get into flooding or drought, there’s an extra layer of detail that goes along with the others,” such as reservoir discharge to forecast river flow, said Jeff Graschel, service coordination hydrologist at the NWS’s Lower Mississippi River Forecast Center in
Slidell, La. “We will compare notes several times during the day. We’ll take their information and run our models.” Rainfall that was well above normal started in November, and since it was rain and not snow, there was rapid runoff rather than a slow melt. “This event was different. It was really early. We were breaking records for the time of year,” Graschel said. The gauge at Cairo, Ill., for example, was at 56' on Jan. 4. The record there is
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61.72' on May 2, 2011, the year of the Great Flood. The surprising high water may have contributed to the spate of accidents this winter that included three allisions within two days and two a week later at the Vicksburg bridge. With so many mishaps in such a short time, the task force got involved and came up with a plan, said AWO’s Muench. “The first part of the plan was a safety stand-down, just to stop traffic. It took almost a week to completely reopen.” “Any time you’re dealing with an extreme high water level like this, the risk goes up,” said the Coast Guard’s Dittman. Does the industry ever balk at restrictions? “There’s going to be some discussion. The intent is to be very collaborative, but at the end of the day, the captain of the port” is in charge. They might be persuaded to change their minds “if a cogent argument can
be made,” Dittman said. The post-mortem already under way may make some suggestions about what could have been done differently. “I would like to see industry data mixed with Corps data, so we can better understand the river,” said Austin Golding, co-owner, Golding Barge Line, Vicksburg, Miss., noting he has a great relationship with the Coast Guard and the Corps. “There are lessons to be learned. What we’re getting is fine. I’m just wishing for improvement. “I would like to think that in our training you could reenact the exact conditions we have now. Maybe there’s something we don’t know yet,” Golding continued. “Our equipment managed the high water flawlessly. I don’t think the high water overpowered most of the equipment built to handle those conditions.” And even as conditions improve, problems remain. The Coast Guard’s biggest challenge
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is re-establishing aids-to-navigation. For the Corps, “right now, we’re having serious problems at the mouth of the river,” because the water brought down so much sediment, Norris said. “We’ve been struggling since midDecember to get hopper dredges. The U.S. hopper fleet is fully engaged doing work around the country. Dredging is not something that can wait.” When there’s shoaling “we have to put restrictions on the draft, which the industry doesn’t like because they lose money,” said Capt. Stephen Hathorn, president of the New Orleans-Baton Rouge Steamship Pilots Association, which participates in the conference calls. In February, they lowered the draft to 41' from 47' at the mouth of the Mississippi. But, “it’s all about safety. You might save a dollar here, but it will cost you more down the road.”
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Olympic-class ferries
Olympic Runners Washington State Ferries gets four new double-enders.
By Bruce Buls, Correspondent
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A
fter years of begging the state Legislature for capital construction funding, Washington State Ferries finally got the money for four new 144-car ferries, the Olympic class. The first of the class, the Tokitae, went into service in mid-2014, followed by the Samish in April 2015. The third medium-capacity ferry, to be called the Chimacum, is under construction and is scheduled for delivery in July 2017. The fourth yet unnamed boat will be delivered and put in operation in 2018. The total budget for the four ferries is $515.5 million. The Tokitae cost $144 million, the Samish was $126.5 million, the Chimacum will be $123 million, and the fourth boat is estimated to come in at $122 million. “The original need for these vessels was actually identified in 2000,” said Matt Von Ruden,
the director of vessels for WSF. “We put out the phase-one RFP in 2003 and the design/build contract was awarded in 2007. But the project was paused while we replaced the steel electric ferries [after the boats were pulled from service due to hull corrosion]. For four years, we focused everything on building three new 64-car ferries, from 2008 to 2012.” By state law, all state-owned ferries must be built in Washington state, so the number of available yards that have the wherewithal for vessels of this size is essentially limited to one: Vigor Industrial’s Harbor Island facility. That’s where all of WSF’s newest and largest car ferries have been built, many of them by Todd Pacific Shipyards, the facility’s previous owner. The original Olympic-class contract was awarded to Todd, which had
Washington State Ferries
Olympic-class ferry Samish underway.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/9/16 5:36 PM
OLYMPIC CLASS SPECIFICATIONS
Bruce Buls
POWER The boats can also stop very quickly. “We can go from 15 knots to a dead stop in 56 seconds,” said Shipley. Power to hit the brakes or crab into the current with a full load is provided by pairs of 12-cylinder, 3,000-hp
The Tokitae’s car ramp needed adjustments after it was delivered.
Bruce Buls
teamed up with naval architects Guido Perla & Associates. GPA continued to provide design and engineering work after Vigor bought out Todd in 2010. The new class is based on the six 5,000-hp Issaquah-class boats, all of which measure 328'×78' and carry up to 124 cars. For the Olympic class, however, the numbers get bumped up to 362'×83', 6,000 hp and space for 144 cars. The new boats are also considerably heavier. The Issaquah class weighs in at 3,310 LT, whereas the Olympic class boats displace 4,384 LT. “These are the second heaviest boats in our fleet,” said Joseph Shipley, assistant engineer on the Tokitae. “They’re big, heavy and stable, just the way I like them. And they’re quiet, which I also like.” For pilothouse crews, low speed maneuvering is important, so highperformance rudders were specified and delivered in the form of rotaryvane units from Rolls-Royce. “These rudders are really fast,” said Capt. Paul Major, a relief skipper who has worked most of the WSF boats. “We can spin the ships right around if we want to. They really respond well. We like it, and the passengers like it.”
EMDs, mounted in separate compartments with a control room in between. The two sets of Falk reduction gears are interconnected with high-speed Centa shafts. The gears also contain internal hydraulic clutches capable of joining the two gear boxes together for combined operation so all 6,000 hp can be applied at either end. Both engines can also power either end separately. On the safety side, the engine rooms are outfitted with high-pressure watermist firefighting systems. The big CP wheels, also from RollsRoyce, can be pitched to pull or push or set in full-feather position when freewheeling, so the operators have many propulsion modes to choose from and full redundancy. In addition to the 144 cars, the Olympic class can also accommodate up to 1,500 passengers. The passenger deck with ADA restrooms and food service is accessible by a pair of elevators — one at each end — from the main car deck and the mezzanine car decks on both sides. The elevator can also service the sun deck above the passenger deck, but the sun deck is normally
The twin 12-cylinder, 3,000-hp engines are mounted in separate compartments with a control room in between.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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Builder: Vigor Industrial Designer: Washington State Ferries; Vigor Industrial; Guido Perla & Associates Owner: Washington State Ferries Mission: Car ferry Length: 362'3" Beam: 83'2" Draft: 18' Displacement: 4,384 LT Main Propulsion: (2) EMD 12-710G7CT3, 3,000 hp Ship’s Service Power: (3) MTU Series 60 engine with Newage alternator, 300 kW (Tokitae, Samish); (3) Volvo Penta D13 engine with Newage alternator, 340 kW (Chimicum) Marine Gear: (2) Falk 44x14DMH2S, 4.986:1 Propellers: (2) Rolls-Royce, 4-bladed, 138"-dia., stainless steel, controllable pitch Controls: ZF Marine Propulsion Control System with Rockwell Allen Bradley SLC 500 PLC systems Steering: (2) Rolls Royce SV650-3 FCP rotary vane steering Speed: 17 knots Vehicle Capacity: 144 autos Auto Deck Clearance: 16' Passenger Capacity: 1,500 Capacities: Potable water, 17,108 gals.; fuel oil, 79,510 gals. Delivery Dates: Tokitae, June 2014; Samish, June 2015; Chimacum, early 2017 (estimated); TBA, fall 2018 (estimated)
closed. Von Ruden said it’s “a dollar issue. We need an additional crewmember to open it, and budgets are tight. We just don’t have the passenger demand that requires us to open them up, but it’s a great space to have.” Another great space to have is the wider vehicle lanes. With extra beam, the lanes are wide enough to accommodate three large trucks side by side. “The passengers also like being able to open their car doors more easily,” said Von Ruden. Another improvement with the Olympic class is wake reduction. With concerns about wake wash affecting shoreline property owners along the 43
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Olympic-class ferries
TIER 4 FOR BOAT FOUR For the Tokitae, the Samish and the Chimacum, the hulls were built by Vigor at its Seattle shipyard and the superstructures were built by Nichols Brothers Boat Builders on nearby Whidbey Island and barged to Harbor Island. But Nichols now has a yard full of work and more on the books, so it declined to bid on the superstructure subcontract for the fourth Olympicclass ferry.
Bruce Buls
notoriously sensitive Rich Passage near Bremerton, the hull was deliberately designed to reduce the wake. “This is an issue we knew we wanted to address from the beginning,” said Von Ruden. “The hull lines were provided up front to the shipyard as an entry point into the design/build process. If they wanted to change the lines, they would have to address that. Our lines stayed, and I think everyone is pretty pleased with the wake.” The hulls of the first three ferries were built at Vigor and their superstructures built at Nichols Brothers.
Initially, Vigor said it intended to build both the hull and superstructure at its Seattle yard, but Von Ruden said the company has been looking at other potential options for the build. One significant design change in the works for the fourth boat is accommodating Tier 4 engines. The first three have Tier 2 and Tier 3 engines, but the last ferry will require Tier 4, which will
SPECIALTY WINCHES FOR THE MARINE AND FISHING INDUSTRY
demand modifications for treating the exhaust gas. Even so, these are not high-tech vessels. There are no Z-drives, no banks of batteries for hybrid propulsion or AC-AC diesel-electric operations. “These boats were intended to be real workhorses based on proven solutions,” said Von Ruden.
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44
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As exemplified in Breaux's Bay Craft, Inc. constructed crew boats, passenger vessels, excursion vessels, catamaran, pilot vessels, and motoryachts in use around the world.
AND QUALITY. . .
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I N C O R P O R AT E D (Founded by Roy Breaux, Sr., 1946)
For Additional Information Contact:
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P.O. Box 370, Loreauville, LA 70552 Phone (337) 229-4246 or FAX (337) 229-8332
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference and Expo
APRIL 12-14, 2016 MORIAL CONVENTION CENTER, HALL B NEW ORLEANS, LA
WorkBoatMaintenanceAndRepair.com
If you’re responsible for commercial vessel maintenance, you can’t miss it.
Presented by the organizers of the award winning International WorkBoat Show and WorkBoat Magazine Produced by:
APRIL 12-14, 2016 NEW ORLEANS, LA
USE THIS AD TO REGISTER FOR FREE
Register online at www.WorkBoatMaintenanceAndRepair.com Call: 508-743-8536 or
Bring this ad to the event for a FREE Expo and Events pass or 25% off the All Access Pass Use promo code REPAIR when registering
APRIL 12-14, 2016 | NEW ORLEANS, LA | MORIAL CONVENTION CENTER, HALL B
www.WorkBoatMaintenanceAndRepair.com
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair
Diversified Communications
One More Time
The second annual WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference and Expo.
T
he second annual WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference and Expo will be held in New Orleans April 12-14 at the Morial Convention Center. The Expo, from Diversified Communications, owners of WorkBoat magazine and The International WorkBoat Show, is the only commercial marine expo dedicated to fleet and operations and maintenance professionals — those responsible for keeping vessels in top condition and in service. The expo will feature over 200 exhibitors showcasing products and services targeted specifically at vessel mainte-
nance and repair. The conference portion of the show is the first educational series specifically targeted to operations personnel, port captains, fleet managers, engineers and mechanics that must keep vessel fleets in good operational shape. Conference tracks include Structure & Hull, Power & Propulsion and Regulatory. You can view the full program at www.workboatmaintenanceandrepair.com/conference. To register for the conference and expo, visit www.WorkBoatMaintenanceandRepair.com.
Visit
Apr. 12 - 14, 2016 Ernest N. Morial Convention Center New Orleans
TUESDAY, APRIL 12 CONFERENCE PROGRAM Asset Management Strategies 9:15 AM – 10:00 AM Structure & Hull Track Asset management requires everything from managing historical failure and maintenance data, supporting preventative maintenance (PM) program inspection development, managing resources, and tracking schedules and skill sets, 46
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www.workboatmaintenanceandrepair.com for the most up-to-date information about the show
to managing spares parts and locations and reporting the status of each. The capability to combine all of these into one system is priceless in the hands of a port engineer or fleet manager. This presentation will focus on the value of implementing a program that has established current inspection logs, maintenance, and operational procedures in a single CMMS. The program utilizes IPAD technology to plan, schedule, conduct, analyze, document and archive those required activities for all vessels.
Extending Fluid Life and Enhancing Performance 9:15 AM – 10:00 AM Power & Propulsion Track Oil analysis can be a critical tool in extending fluid life and enhancing the performance of marine equipment. Recent field tests from RSC Bio Solutions have demonstrated that a well-run oil analysis program can extend fluid life by approximately 83%. However, while this type of analysis is routinely performed in many settings, few ma-
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair rine operators fully understand its value and what is required to implement and manage an effective oil analysis program. They are also unsure how to use the data to their advantage. In this presentation, a business case will be presented for establishing an oil analysis program. Actual examples and data gathered from RSC’s extensive field testing reports will be cited. Subchapter M: It’s Finally Coming, Have You Got a Plan? 9:15 AM – 10:00 AM Regulatory Track The mechanical and electrical systems and equipment section of the proposed Subchapter M rule requires that several life/safety inspections be conducted at prescribed periods. However, in the new regulation, there may be several other tasks that must be performed and documented such as labeling valves, putting guards around rotating machinery, etc. Operators should have a system that allows them to develop and perform tasks for initial compliance, and for documenting ongoing tasks that ensure critical systems are being properly maintained. There is a range of tools that can be used to create good preventive maintenance (PM) tasks, and schedule and document their completion. Like most cases where an inspector looks over the way you operate, it can be very beneficial to project professionalism and an efficient management system. This presentation will provide an overview and recommend tools that can be used based on the complexity of operations and costs to obtain and maintain the systems. Using Big Data and Analytics to Improve Performance 10:15 AM – 11:00 AM Structure & Hull Track Workboat owners and operators face many challenges. These include macroeconomic volatility, the increasing complexity of vessels, more environmental regulations, and attracting and retaining quality technical leaders
onboard and ashore. One path forward for owners and operators is to leverage the ongoing technological changes. This will not only reduce costs and increase efficiency, but will also reduce operational and compliance risk. With greater “sensorization,” increased connectivity, and improvements in data analytics, there are new opportunities to capture value from operations and maintenance improvements by turning previously low-value data into highvalue information that can be acted upon. The marine industry is currently heading down the path of other industries by using data and analytics to improve reliability, safety, efficiency and productivity. This session will walk you through examples of date use and analytics to improve maintenance and operations performance. Data and analytics are used to predict and avoid failures, identify fuel savings opportunities, avoid downtime, recover from a failure faster by using remote troubleshooting, and provide greater transparency to identify potential risks in your organization ranging from safety to environmental. The new “Internet of Things” is not without its challenges. New capabilities are needed, mindsets and cultures must be changed, and business processes will need to incorporate this new technology. For those that are successful in this transition, the benefits will be significant and will enable companies to get ahead in increasingly competitive markets. Fleet Operations and Maintenance Contracts 10:15 AM – 11:00 AM Power & Propulsion Track Maintenance contracts or customer service agreements (CSA) can be one the best investments you can make. CSAs are one of the most cost-effective ways of reducing expense, disruption, and loss of revenue caused by engine, component or system(s) downtime while contributing to the overall safe operation of the fleet. CSAs ensure that maintenance and repairs are completed by skilled, factory-trained technicians
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Structure & Hull Power & Propulsion Regulations
and allow you more time to tend to your business. The more comprehensive the CSA, the greater the benefits. Research has proven that with CSAs, engine, component or system(s) operating time significantly increases. Vessels are able to run longer, productivity rises, and potential revenue increases. Doing Business with the U.S. Navy: Boat Maintenance, Lifecycle Management & Integrated Logistics Support (PMS325) 10:15 AM – 11:00 AM Regulatory Track The Support Ships, Boats and Craft Program Office (PMS 325) within PEO Ships is responsible for procuring special mission ships, service craft, seaborne targets, and small boats and combatant craft for U.S. agencies and allied nations. PMS 325 personnel will give short presentations on a range of topics pertaining to acquisition, lifecycle management, and integrated logistics support for boat and combatant craft programs. The presentations will be followed by a Q&A panel session. Combating Marine Fouling 11:15 AM – 12:00 PM Structure & Hull Track Environmental interests and the commercial marine industry have not always been perfectly aligned. Today, the extra energy that’s needed due to increased friction caused by biofouling of underwater surfaces costs the shipping industry billions of dollars annually. Concurrently, environmental concerns over localized, excessive concentration of heavy metals leached 47
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair from antifouling paints and invasive species transported via ballast water, fouled hulls and intakes has been elevated to the legislative level. As reports emerge of governments passing “fouling” legislation and establishing inspection programs with fees, fines and subsequent hull cleanings, both the maritime community and governments have turned to the coatings industry for answers. Traditionally, antifouling coatings containing heavy metals were used to minimize the attachment of marine organisms from fouling a vessel’s hull. Just as an international convention banned the use of TBT (tributyltin) in antifouling paints, some states are considering imposing limits to the use of cupric ions in antifouling paints as a means to limit bioaccumulation of metals in coastal and inland waters. This session will not delve into the toxicity debate between naturally occurring copper and man-added cupric ions, but instead will focus on current technologies that satisfy both environmental and maritime concerns. Specifically, the session will address how, through the use of FRC (foul release coatings) and coatings containing newly developed biocides, both maritime and environmental interests can be satisfied. The discussion will focus on current use technologies, their applications, unconventional uses, and their relatively small impact on the environment. Emerging CBM Related Trends & Related Challenges 11:15 AM – 12:00 PM Power & Propulsion Track Recently, there have been many discussions regarding the value of CBM (condition-based maintenance) in the marine industry. However, few have discussed issues related to the challenges of integrating CBM into the marine operator’s business processes. This presentation investigates recent trends in the marine “Internet of Things” and some of the recent challenges associated with this new business paradigm. Additionally, this session will cover some of the available solutions to ad48
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dress these emerging challenges. Ballast Water Regulations 11:15 AM – 12:00 PM Regulatory Track In December, the Coast Guard announced that it wanted a higher performance standard for how ultraviolet ballast water treatment systems work. While ballast water regulation is currently a low enforcement priority with the Coast Guard, international adoption of the IMO convention on ballast water continues, and the IMO could start its clock ticking on implementation by the end of 2016. Starting in 2018, U.S. operators could begin seeing requirements to install treatment systems at the next scheduled drydocking. Operators should start planning now for record keeping, alternate tank management methods, and longer range options for treatment systems. Maintenance Efficiency: Planned vs. Predictive 1:30 PM – 2:15 PM Structure & Hull Track Equipment and machinery are susceptible to failures over time or even unexpectedly. Shipyards use techniques to determine when maintenance should be performed. The debate is whether strategies in planned maintenance versus predictive maintenance weigh one another out. Strategies play a role in overall maintenance to save cost, create efficiency and optimize time management, which is why predictive maintenance may be the answer for most shipyards. But shouldn’t planned maintenance still be required even with the high costs and amount of manpower it takes? Vibration Sensor Systems 1:30 PM – 2:15 PM Power & Propulsion Track Vibration sensor systems and the basics of vibration theory will be explained. The use of these systems and vibration theory as a predictive/preventative
maintenance tool to keep vessels working at optimum performance will also be explored. Basic terminology and practices will be reviewed to round out the introduction. In addition, the most advanced computerized data collection methods will be discussed and/or demonstrated to showcase its accuracy and efficiency. Attendees will become familiar with basic fault identification such as engine mounts, engine misfire, bent shafts or propellers and misalignment issues, and see how vibration analyzers are able to identify these issues. Detailed case studies will be highlighted to provide actual working examples of these systems and technology in the field. How Hybrid Solutions Can Reduce Engine Maintenance 1:30 PM – 2:15 PM Power & Propulsion Track Workboat owners and operators may consider hybrid propulsion and power solutions as a means to reduce fuel and emissions, but these systems can also provide an added bonus of reducing maintenance costs. To achieve desired efficiencies and maintenance savings, hybrid systems need to be designed with a strong understanding of the duty cycle and operational requirements of the vessel. Failure to do so can result in systems being less efficient than their conventional counterparts. Using experience from designing and delivering both “parallel” and “series” hybrid systems for the tug and offshore markets, this presentation will consider the pros and cons of both systems. Specifically, it will discuss the need for sizing parallel systems to ensure the appropriate combination of mechanical and diesel-electric power to ensure system efficiency and maintenance savings. The presentation will also discuss the use of batteries in these projects, including their uses, challenges and impact on maintenance. Corrosion Prevention Methods 2:30 PM – 3:15 PM Structure & Hull Track
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Corrosion is inevitable and harmful. However, paints and lubricants can prolong the process before corrosion occurs. Hear from industry experts on why paints and lubricants need to be changed, how they can strengthen engine wear, why new paints and lubricants are superior to those previously in place, and how technology may play a role.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13 EXPO EVENTS Medic First Aid BasicPlus Adult CPR, AED and First Aid Training 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM Course led by Bayou Supply & Safety. Certification course purchase required ($120), includes Expo & Events Pass.
TUESDAY, APRIL 12 EXPO EVENTS PEC Basic Orientation Safety Awareness Course 8:00 AM – 4:00 PM Course led by Bayou Supply & Safety, a PEC authorized provider. Certification course purchase required ($170), includes bag lunch and an Expo & Events Pass.
Networking Continental Breakfast 10:00AM – 10:45 AM Center Stage Job Fair and Job Advice Center 10:00 AM – 12:30 PM Build your career, make a move, or expand your networking connections. The Job Fair will feature more than 30 companies representing the commercial marine industry.
Product Demonstrations 1:00PM – 2:30PM
Product Demonstrations 10:30 AM – 1:00 PM
Featured Speaker: Christian Vaccari Vice President, Gulf Island Shipyards 3:30 PM – 4:15 PM Center Stage To compete in today’s marine fabrication market and serve an increasingly more sophisticated customer, you must have access to the best talent, tools, and facilities in order to meet the demands of the market. Christian Vaccari will share valuable insight into the opportunities and expanded capabilities in construction and repair that have come as the result of Leevac Shipyards and Gulf Island Shipyards joining forces. Vaccari will talk about how they and other companies are preparing to weather the current energy industry downturn and position themselves for the rebound. Opening Happy Hour 4:00 PM – 6:00 PM Center Stage
Remote Monitoring & Diagnostics for Commercial Vessels & Fleets
Keynote: Jeff Skiles 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM Center Stage Lessons from the “Miracle on the Hudson.” When you’re a pilot and both your engines fail over the largest city in the U.S., you must act quickly and independently, but you must also trust in the system that has trained you and prepared you to handle such crisis moments. Jeff Skiles’ story of the “Miracle on the Hudson” would not have had such a good result if not for years of training and preparation that allowed the two pilots to understand exactly what the other was doing – thus maximizing their time, communication, and effectiveness. Having met each other only three days earlier, co-pilots Skiles and Chesley Sullenberger were able to work together as a team because they trusted in the system and training and professionalism of everyone involved, from the air-traffic controllers to their crew. As he takes audiences through the nearly catastrophic events leading up to US Airways Flight 1549’s emergency
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair landing on the Hudson River in New York, Skiles will discuss what went into preparing the flight crew to be calm and confident so they could successfully land the plane. Skiles and the crew were calm and well prepared, and it resulted in the saving of 155 lives.
Certification course purchase required ($150), includes Expo & Events Pass. Networking Continental Breakfast 9:00 AM – 10:00 AM Center Stage Product Demonstrations 9:30 AM –11:00 PM
Product Demonstrations 2:30 PM – 4:00 PM
BARGE Documentary Film Presentation 11:30 AM – 1:30 PM Center Stage
Happy Hour 4:00 PM – 5:00 PM Center Stage THURSDAY, APRIL 14 EXPO EVENTS Rigger Safety Course – Current API RP 2D Requirements and Recommendations 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM Course led by Bayou Supply & Safety.
A towboat drifts down the Mississippi River, due for the Port of New Orleans. The water, the banks, the bright lights of a port ahead, the lure of a coming paycheck and a home-cooked meal. This is the world of the documentary film “Barge.” On board, dry land’s misfits find purpose and direction during 28-day shifts on the river as the
steady hands of an industrial ecosystem teeming with linehaulers, fleet boats, and a millions of tons of cargo moved on barge tows each year. A green deckhand following his father and grandmother into the family business. A former convict working his way upward job by job, in the hopes of being first mate. A 38-year veteran engineer in no hurry to retire. An ancient waterway pulling a double shift as the backbone of a national economy, a tangle of thick steel cables tied together just right. As long as the boat’s moving, they’re making money. An intimate portrait of life on the river, as seen through the eyes of a towboat crew. Product Demonstrations 1:00 PM – 1:30 PM Happy Hour 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM Center Stage
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(337) 330-4407 headflusher@aheadtank.com
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Denotes WBM&R Expo Exhibitors Advertising In This Issue (Listings accurate as of 2/20/16) ABB Inc T: 504-733-0266 www.abb.com/turbocharging
607
AER Supply Ltd T: 281-474-3276 www.aersupply.com
610
Alexander/Ryan Marine & Safety Co T: 866-496-0151 www.alexanderryan.com
319
All American Paint - Carboline Sales 726 T: 985-232-5959 www.allamericanpaint.net/main/home
WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Buck Kreihs Marine Repair LLC T: 504-524-7681 www.bkco.us
339
www.center-lift.com
C Fly Marine Services www.cflymarine.com
828
Certified Labs 706 T: 972-579-2447 www.northamerica.certifiedlabs.com
Caterpillar Inc T: 309-578-2345 www.cat.com/marine
619
Center Lift Inc T: 504-256-2129
800
Champion Technologies Inc 308 T: 541-687-8015 www.stillchampion.com/products/index. php?route=common/home Chevron Lubricants T: 800-822-5823
606
Allemand Industries,Inc T: 504-340-5581 www.allemandindustries.com
546
Allied Bearing & Supply T: 504-733-8000 www.alliedbearing.com
727
APE Companies T: 504-367-8090 www.APEcompanies.com
508
Applied Cooling Technology LLC T: 239-217-5080 www.appliedcool.com/
843
Askew Industrial Corporation T: 323-974-5688 www.askewindustrial.com
304
Aurand Manufacturing & Equipment Co T: 800-860-2872 www.aurand.net
326
BAE Systems T: 757-494-4000 www.baesystems.com/shiprepair
701
Baier Marine Co T: 206-709-1500 www.baiermarine.com
829
Bayou Supply & Safety T: 504-433-2400 www.bayousafety.com
340
Belzona of Baton Rouge T: 225-751-1930 www.belzonabatonrouge.com/
428
Radar ECDIS
Bludworth Marine T: 713-644-1595 www.vesselrepair.com
801
For TAACCCT MRTDL federal grant info, call (504) 671-6655. For all other inquiries, call (504) 671-6620 or e-mail fireschool@dcc.edu.
Boats & Harbors T: 931-484-6100 www.boats-and-harbors.com
441
www.dcc.edu/academics/workforce/maritime-fire
Bocatech Inc T: 954-397-7070 www.bocatechinc.com
646
This notice is made possible through the federal Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training (TAACCCT) grant program.
Bollinger Shipyards LLC T: 985-532-2554 www.bollingershipyards.com
519
100% of the funds for this advertisement were provided by the US Dept. of Labor Round 3 TAACCCT grant. These programs are EOC programs. The solution was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the US Dept. of Labor.
6
Tank Barge Dangerous Liquids Vessel Security Officer New Orleans, Louisiana
Towboat, Z-Drive, Offshore Simulator Training Basic & Advanced Firefighting Delgado’s NEW Maritime and Industrial Training Center opens April 2016!
Incipient Firefighting Radar Observer STCW Basic Safety Training
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair www.chevronlubricants.com Chlor*Rid International Inc www.chlor-rid.com
731
Coastal Marine Equipment Inc www.coastalmarineequipment.com
338
www.donaldsonfilters.com/pages/industries/marine.aspx
T: 812-948-8484 www.erlmarine.com
Donovan Marine Inc T: 504-488-5731 www.donovanmarine.com
FCI Watermakers Inc www.fciwatermakers.com
724
Fish Expo WorkBoat Atlantic www.fishexpoatlantic.com
512 343
506
Conrad Shipyard LLC T: 985-384-3060 www.conradindustries.com
628
DRYCO 709 T: 630-541-7000 www.drycogroup.com/
Cospolich Inc T: 985-725-0222 www.cospolich.com
424
Duralux Marine Paint T: 502-587-8685 www.duraluxpaint.com
808
Fit Up Gear T: 281-440-1725 www.fitupgear.com
Cygnus Instruments, Inc. T: 410-267-9771 www.cygnusinstruments.com
713
Duramax Marine LLC T: 440-834-5400 www.DuramaxMarine.com
810
Flexco 825 T: 800-862-7539 www.flexcofloors.com 806
Dale Fastener Systems T: 713-928-3437 www.dalecompany.com
738
Dustless Blasting (MMLJ Inc) T: 800-727-5707 www.dustlessblasting.com/
525
Fluid Power Energy T: 262-548-6220 www.fpevalves.com
818
Dehumidification Technologies www.rentdh.com
422
Elliott Bay Design Group T: 206-782-3082 www.ebdg.com
310
Fronius USA LLC T: 810-844-3456 www.fronius-usa.com
529
Dickson Marine Supply T: 888-755-0080 www.dicksonmarinesupply.com
836
Empowering Technologies T: 205-981-3002 www.empowering-technologies.com
542
Globaltech Motor & Controls T: 281-487-9300 www.globaltechmotors.com
419
Donaldson Company Inc T: 952-887-3131
830
ERL Commercial Marine
530
Golten Service Co Inc T: 305-576-4410 www.goltens.com
Everything’s Worked So Well
“We liked the Texas look of the boat—its size, heavy duty engines, performance, and competitive price. This was the first boat in its class so it was even more impressive, in my mind, that everything’s worked so well.” Jon Halvorsen Galveston Texas City Pilots The bottom line is this: Like any quality investment our pilot boats pay quality dividends in performance, safety, structural integrity and enduring value. Consider this, Gladding-Hearn builds more pilot boats than any yard in North America. If you’re looking for a world-class pilot boat, call Peter Duclos at 508 676-8596. He’ll be happy to provide you all the awesome details. Gladding-Hearn Shipbuilding, PO Box 300, Somerset, MA 02726. www.gladding-hearn.com
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Governor Control Systems, Inc. T: 985-626-8707 www.govconsys.com
613
www.inmarsystems.com
Lock-N-Stitch Inc T: 209-632-2345 www.locknstitch.com
707
313
Grindex Pumps T: 708-781-2135 www.grindex.com
802
International Paint LLC T: 516-635-6826 www.international-marine.com
Logan Clutch Corp T: 440-808-4258 www.loganclutch.com
410
608
Gulf Island Shipyards LLC www.leevac.com
820
JIM-BUOY/Cal-June, Inc. T: 818-761-3516 www.jimbuoy.com
Louisiana Environmental Monitoring Inc T: 337-289-5223 www.lemservice.com
827
436
Jotun Paints Inc www.jotun.com
805
Helm Operations T: 250-360-1991 www.helmoperations.com
401
Helmchair.com by Llebroc Industries T: 817-831-6261 www.helmchair.com
325
Karl Senner LLC T: 504-469-4000 www.karlsenner.com
Lubriplate Lubricants T: 973-589-9150 www.lubriplate.com
807
HoldTight Solutions T: 713-266-9339 www.holdtight.com
447
KE Marine Inc T: 904-354-6566 www.kemarine.com
501
Lucas Oil Products www.lucasoil.com
406
336
Ludeca Inc T: 305-591-8935 www.ludeca.com
813
408
Key Electronic Solutions T: 504-734-0641 www.keyelectronics.net
Hug Engineering T: 323-315-0290 www.hug-engineering.com
831
Hy-Pro Filtration T: 317-849-3535 www.hyprofiltration.com
846
Koolin Klothz T: 325-650-3797 www.koolin.net
Mactech On-Site 729 T: 651-388-7117 www.mactechonsite.com/industries/shipbuilding-repair/
528
IBIX North America T: 727-322-4611 www.IBIXUSA.com
728
Law Valve of Texas T: 713-453-0413 www.lawvalveoftexas.com
624
Independent Services T: 504-436-7775 www.independentdiving.com
747
LeBlanc & Associates LLC T: 985-876-7982 www.leblancandassociates.com
537
Inland Logistics and Marine Institute T: 270-557-7008 www.logisticsandmarine.com
445
Lifting Gear Hire Corporation T: 800-878-7305 www.lgh-usa.com
544
In-Mar Solutions T: 225-644-7063
631
Lignum-Vitae Bearings T: 804-337-7169 www.lignum-vitae-bearings.com
Marine Equipment Supply T: 251-648-6108 www.mesrentals.com
710
Marine Industries Corp T: 812-283-5603 www.marineworks.com
547
Maxim Watermakers T: 318-629-2460 www.maximwater.com
819
McDermott Light & Signal T: 718-456-3606 www.mcdermottlight.com
817
MDM Tool Supply
637
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I ’re
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Industry Wide, Inland Specific 250+ Exhibits • Quality Education • Professional Networking IMX 2016 I N L A N D M A R I N E E X P O. C O M
May 10-12, 2016 • America’s Center • Saint Louis, Missouri
t er y Aegist a r / d
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53
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WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair T: 225-356-6649 www.mdmtoolsupply.com
www.pruftechnik.com
Meltric Corporation T: 414-433-2700 www.meltric.com
609
MNI Diesel T: 281-484-4550 www.mnidiesel.com
429
Mobile Paint Manufacturing Co Inc T: 251-443-6110 www.blpmobilepaint.com
430
Motion Industries Inc T: 985-688-1657 www.motionindustries.com
329
Motor-Services Hugo Stamp Inc T: 504-265-8800 www.mshs.com
611
MTP Drivetrain Services LLC T: 816-591-1350 www.MTPDrivetrain.com
538
MTU 536 T: 248-560-8000 www.mtu-online.com Nabrico T: 615-442-1300 www.nabrico-marine.com
411
National Association of Marine Surveyors 437 T: 757-638-9638 www.namsglobal.org National Specialty Alloys Inc T: 281-345-2115 www.nationalspeciality.com
409
Nightstick by Bayco Products T: 800-233-2155 www.mynightstick.com
837
Northern Lights T: 206-789-3880 www.northern-lights.com
404
Olympus 439 T: 781-419-3515 www.olympus-ims.com Orttech 328 T: 440-498-7458 www.orttech.com
R W Fernstrum & Company T: 906-863-5553 www.fernstrum.com
625
RCI Technologies East T: 301 535-4716 www.rcitechnologies.com
723
Red-D-Arc Welder Rentals T: 225-677-7676 www.red-d-arc.com
509
Republic Diesel T: 800-292-5565 www.republicdiesel.com
725
ROC Carbon Company T: 713-468-7743 www.roccarbon.com
337
Rotork 809 T: 713-856-5640 www.rotork.com RSC Bio Solutions T: 800-661-3558 www.rscbio.com
322
Schoellhorn-Albrecht Machine Company T: 314-965-3339 www.schoellhorn-albrecht.com
531
Schottel Inc T: 985-346-8302 www.schottel.com
407
Separator Spares and Equipment LLC T: 985-346-0122 www.separatorequipment.com
624
Sherwin-Williams 601 T: 800-524-5979 www.sherwin-williams.com/protective Shield Technologies Corp T: 651-289-3067 www.envelopcovers.com
303
Ship Architects Inc www.shiparch.com
823
Sinex Solutions T: 218-722-1076 www.sinexsolutions.com
835
Patterson Manufacturing T: 412-322-2012 www.pattersonmfg.com
811
736
PPG Protective & Marine Coatings T: 888-977-4762 www.ppgpmc.com
301
Solberg Crankcase Ventilation Systems T: 630-616-4400 www.solbergmfg.com/ South Coast Electric Systems div of M&I Electric T: 228-533-0002 www.aeti.com
627
PRUFTECHNIK Inc T: 856-401-3095
54
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647
Spano Fastening Systems T: 201-387-0400
STX Service Americas LLC T: 713-934-0056 www.stxmarineservice.com/
321
Sulzer Turbo Services Inc T: 504-392-1800 www.sulzerts.com
708
Superior Energies Inc T: 409-962-8549 www.insulationsei.com
507
Survival Systems International 425 T: 504-469-4545 www.survivalsystemsinternational.com/ Tarps Manufacturing - Rich Ott T: 877-584-1900 www.tarpsmfg.com/
306
Tero Marine AS T: +47 55 94 24 60 www.teromarine.no
629
Thermcor Inc T: 757-622-7881 www.thermcorinc.com
427
Timco Industries Inc T: 812-945-8988 www.timcomarine.com
524
U.S. Jaclean Inc T: 310-538-2298 www.usjaclean.com
746
Versitec Marine & Industrial T: 905-834-5566 www.versitec.ca
737
VT Halter Marine Inc T: 228-696-6888 www.vthaltermarine.com
400
Walex Products Company Inc T: 910-371-2242 www.walex.com
821
Ward Leonard (fka Houma Armature Wks) 719 T: 800-673-0531 www.wardleonard.com Wartsila 311 T: 281-233-6200 www.wartsila.com
SKF 318 T: 267-436-6000 www.skf.com/marine
Profax/Lenco 309 www.profax-lenco.com
SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings 540 T: 412-281-2331 www.sspc.org
307
WCR Incorporated T: 309-697-0389 www.WCRhx.com
305
Williams Machine Works T: 228-712-2667 www.williamsmachineworks.com
300
Wooster Hydrostatics Inc T: 330-263-6555 www.woosterhydrostatics.com
418
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/10/16 9:09 AM
PortofCall
Your Source For Employment, Equipment & Services BOATS
EMPLOYMENT
(251) 973-1828 www.boatjobs.co
IMMEDIATE OPENINGS!!! GET TOP PAY!!!
TUGS/BARGES FOR RENT BARGES SIZED FROM 8’x18’ TO 45’x120’ ALSO “SHUGART” SECTIONAL BARGES “TRUCKABLE TUGS” HERE Smith Brothers I nc., G alesville, MD 20765 (41 0) 867-1818 w w w.smithbarge.com
EMPLOYMENT
Seabulk Towing, Inc. is an established leader in harbor ship assist operations and towing services. We are regularly seeking talented crew and shoreside professionals to join our successful and rewarding team. We offer a competitive compensation package and support career advancement. Please visit the careers section of our website www.seabulktowing.com for our current opportunities. Equal Opportunity Employer/Vet/Disability.
• Captains and Mates 200 - 1600 Ton • 100 Ton Crew boat Captains • 100 Ton Utility Boat Captains • Masters and Mates of Towing • Dynamic Position Captains • Chief Engineers • DDE 1000 - Unlimited • QMED/Oilers • ABs All Ratings • Unlicensed Engineers • Experienced Deckhands • Tankerman PIC • Certified Crane OP • Offshore Cooks • Marine Electricians
*Contact us at (251) 973-1828* Apply at www.boatjobs.co or send resume to info@boatjobs.co
BOATS
MOOSE M1 44 FOOT CUSTOM ALUMINUM CAT
D L SO www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 55
Twin Cummins 600 HP diesels with Hamilton Jet drives. Only 76 original hours. Fully outfitter with electronics, galley and sleeping accommodations. Save $$ on your next fire or Police boat. Boat is in “like new” condition. Fresh water covered moorage since new.
Price is $599,000 • Located in Seattle, WA. 55
3/7/16 10:09 AM
PortofCall
Your Source For Employment, Equipment & Services EMPLOYMENT Bouchard Transportation Co., Inc. TUG MATE: Minimum Qualifications: - Master/Mate 500 GRT Near Coastal/Oceans - Master/Mate of Towing Near Coastal/Oceans - STCW w/ security endorsement - GMDSS, RADAR, TWIC, Passport ASSISTANT ENGINEER: Minimum Qualifications: - Degree from Maritime Academy or Chief Engineer unlimited preferred - STCW w/ security endorsement - TWIC, Passport BARGE TANKERMAN Minimum Qualifications: - AB rating, Tankerman PIC (BARGE) - STCW w/security endorsement, Passport, TWIC AB DECKHAND Preferred Qualifications: - Academy Graduates - 2+ years tug experience, STCW w/security endorsement, TWIC, Passport
• • • • • • •
Earn Top Pay!
Apply at www.bouchardtransport.com, resumes welcome when accompanied with an application.
Captains OSV EXP. Captains w/ DPO Cert. Chief Limited Engineers 3rd Assist Engineers DDE’s 4000 Tankerman PIC A/B Cooks
DREDGING Corman Marine Construction, a leading marine construction & dredge contractor in the Mid-Atlantic Region, has the following positions available: DREDGE FOREMAN – must be experienced with the setup of dredge pipeline installation and hydraulic unloader equipment; 3 yrs exp running dredge crew DREDGE LABORER – previous dredge or marine experience required Excellent wages, benefits. Apply in person: 711 E. Ordnance Rd. Suite 715, Baltimore, MD 21226 or email resume to employment@cormanconstruction.com Equal Opportunity Employer Veterans, Disabled, and Women encouraged to apply
`
Call 850-275-0096
www.offshoremarineindustries.com
≠≠
We require the following positions to work within our offshore contracts in the USA Gulf of Mexico region. We are looking for customer focused team players who have a passion for our industry.
Chef Manager
Day cook
Utility Hand
Night Cook/Baker
Galley Hand
We offer the best benefits in our industry, including: - Great rates of pay - Health and Life Insurance - Stable, steady job assignments
for more information regarding individual positions, please visit our website at:
http://www.entierusa.com/ or send resume with employment history to
800 Town & Country Blvd. Suite 300 Houston, Tx, 77024 56
WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 56
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY/AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER.
Candidates are considered for employment with our company without regard to their race, color, religion, national origin, age, sex, gender, pregnancy, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, genetic information, military status, protected veteran status or other classification protected by applicable federal, state or local law.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/7/16 10:09 AM
To advertise send details to: classifieds@workboat.com or call: 1-800-842-5603 EMPLOYMENT ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR THE FOLLOWING POSITIONS: DERRICK BARGE DIVISION (min 3 years experience and twic card) • CRANE OPERATORS • MECHANICS • LEADERMEN • GALLEYHAND • OILER • ELECTRICIANS • RIGGERS • COOKS • STR 6 GR STICK WELDERS • INNERSHIELD WELDERS
APPLICATIONS ARE AVAILABLE AT 115 MENARD ROAD, HOUMA, LA.
MARINE DEPARTMENT (Twic card)
Phone: 985-868-1438 • 1-800-256-4695 Fax applications to: 985-876-7866
• 100 TON CAPTAINS • 500 TON CAPTAINS (stcw/ MMC) • LICENSED ENGINEERS• TUG BOAT DECKHANDS (MMC) • DECKHANDS • 200 TON MASTER OF TOWING
OFFSHORE SPECIALTY FABRICATORS IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER.
OFFSHORE SPECIALTY FABRICATORS, LLC. OFFERS EXCELLENT BENEFITS INCLUDING: • 50% MATCH- 401K CONTRIBUTION • MEDICAL INSURANCE • DENTAL INSURANCE • HOLIDAY PAY • SHORT TERM DISABILITY • LONG TERM DISABILITY
or online at www.osf-llc.com
ATTORNEYS
S T R I H S T E FRE THE CREW FOR
POSITIONS AVAILABLE Director/Manager of Quality Seattle, WA Sales Manager/ Ship Assist Seattle, WA San Francisco Harbor, CA and L.A./Long Beach Harbor, CA Sales and Marketing Manager East Coast New York/New Jersey Area General Manager Alameda, CA Port Mechanic Brooklyn, NY Quality Systems Assistant/Coordinator Seattle, WA Captain Los Angeles, CA U.S. Gulf Coast Brooklyn, NY
Director, Vessel Maintenance & Repair Seattle, WA Director, Vessel Construction Seattle, WA Port Engineer Seattle, WA Port Captain Seattle, WA Regional Marine Safety Adviser Seattle, WA Tankerman Seattle, WA Brooklyn, NY U.S. Gulf Coast Vessel Engineer
(Licensed Engineer preferred)
Brooklyn, NY U.S. Gulf Coast Seattle, WA
For a list of all open positions and to apply online, please visit our Careers page at
Download the free crew t-shirt form, fill it out & fax or scan it back to us:
www.obryanlaw.net/swag
IMMEDIATE OPENINGS:
1-800-OBRYANS
Captains, Mates, Engineers, AB’s and Deckhands
3670 S. Westshore Blvd Tampa, Florida 33629 Telephone: (813) 251-5100 Fax: (813) 251-3900
IRS Dann TAXOcean HELP Towing, Inc.
WE SOLVE IRS TAX PROBLEMS FOR INDIVIDUALS NATIONWIDE! CALL US FOR A FREE CONSULTATION!
APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT
206. 430. 5050 www.seattle-taxattor ney.com
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 57
www.harleymarine.com
Dann Ocean Towing is A leading provider of marine towing services, serving the Eastern Seaboard, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean and beyond. To Apply Please Visit www.DannOceanTowing.com 3670 S Westshore Boulevard Tampa, FL 33629
Phone (813) 251-5100
57
3/7/16 10:10 AM
PortofCall
Your Source For Employment, Equipment & Services MARINE GEAR & SUPPLIES
TANK BARGE CARGO EQUIPMENT
BARGE PUMPS
BYRON JACKSON CENTRIFUGAL BARGE PUMPS: FOR LIGHT AND MEDIUM PRODUCTS.
IMO ROTARY SCREW ASPHALT PUMPS BYRON JACKSON TURBINE PUMPS
LEISTRITZ ROTARY SCREW BARGE PUMPS: FOR HEAVY PRODUCTS.
SHAMOSH EQUIPMENT CORP.
Authorized Marine Sales Agent BYRON JACKSON - FLOWSERVE LEISTRITZ CORPORATION VOLCANIC HEATER, INC.
BLACKMER ROTARY GEAR PUMPS OUR 110TH YEAR
Now Manufacturing and Installing Fire Retardant Bunk Curtains
DUVIC’S PUMPS “Greater Downtown” HARVEY, LA 70059 Box 1237 • 504-341-1654 PH/FX
LEISTRITZ HORIZONTAL VOLCANIC DECK MOUNTED BARGE HIGH EFFICIENCY PUMPS. HOT OIL HEATERS.
449 Eton Street - Englewood, NJ 07631 PH: 201-871-6898 • FX: 201-871-6895 EM: smshamosh@gmail.com Engineered Equipment since 1979
We are a Custom Manufacturer of Wheelhouse Tinted Shades & Crew Quarter Blackout Shades
We custom build every shade to fit each window in our facility. They are Incredibly durable, driven by over-sized clutches and operated by a stainless steel pull chain.
Have you thought about the accomplishment you have made by obtaining a Captain’s License? The many hours of study and time at sea?
We offer measurement and installation services in Southern Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. We carry $5,000,000 workers’ compensation, and liability insurance policies with U.S.L.&H. and the Jones Act.
Download our order form to purchase your shades today.
Contact: Edward Kass III | 504-615-5833 | ekass@solarboatshades.com | www.solarboatshades.com
1-800-584-0242
TANK TENDER
™
TANK THETENDER ORIGINAL
PRECISION THE ORIGINAL PRECISION TANK MEASURING SYSTEM! TANK MEASURING SYSTEM! Accurate tank Accurate tank soundings have soundings have TANK TENDER ™ never been easier Accurate tank never been easier when one TANK when one TANK TENDER monitors soundings have upTENDER to ten fuel and monitors up to ten fuel water tanks. never been easier Reliable andnon-water tanks. Reliable nonelectric and easy when one TANK to install. electric and easy to install. ™
TANK TENDER ™
Keel Coolers
TANK 1 TANK 2 TANK 3 TANK 4 PUMP
Push button in and hold, pump slowly. Do not test with deck fill pipe full. Pressure over red line may damage gauge.
TENDER monitors HART SYSTEMS, INC. up to ten fuel and HART SYSTEMS, INC. 253-858-8481 FAX 253-858-8486 www.TheTankTender.com water tanks. TANK 1 TANK 2 TANK 3 TANK 4 PUMP 253-858-8481 FAXReliable 253-858-8486 nonwww.TheTankTender.com electric and easy to install.
™
HART SYSTEMS, INC. Gig Harbor, Washington
Push button in and hold, pump slowly. Do not test with deck fill pipe full. Pressure over red line may damage gauge.
™
58
Trouble free marine engine cooling since 1927!
THE WALTER MACHINE CO, INC Tel: 201-656-5654 • Fax: 201-656-0318 www.waltergear.com
HART SYSTEMS, INC. Gig Harbor, Washington
HART SYSTEMS, INC.
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
253-858-8481 FAX 253-858-8486 www.TheTankTender.com WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 58
3/7/16 10:10 AM
To advertise send details to: classifieds@workboat.com or call: 1-800-842-5603 MARINE GEAR & SUPPLIES
INDUSTRIAL PLASMA MACHINES FOR SHIPYARDS Profile Cutting Systems USA
A Veteran Owned Business
John E. Zuehlke jz@pcsusa.pro
1-800-757-8250 US: www.pcsmachines.com AU: www.profilecuttingsystems.com
America’s largest manufacturer of Underwater Lift Bags available fromus 25at lbs.the to 50 tons and Water Load TestShow, Bags toDec 50 tons. Visit International WorkBoat 1-3 Large inventory available. IMCA compliant. ABS Approved.
MAN-OVERBOARD RECOVERY SLING
Purpose built for vertical hoisting of uninjured man-overboard. Designed for hand or power hoisting. Opened foam sling is easily to don. Wide rubber coated grasp handles provide excellent grip. MARSARS Water Rescue Systems, Inc. Call 866 426 2423 to order www.marsars.com
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 59
59
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PortofCall
Your Source For Employment, Equipment & Services MARINE GEAR
INSULATED BOXES BY BONAR PLASTICS HEAVY DUTY VATS FOR FISHING, FARMING, BOATS AND TRUCKS.
New Bedford, MA • (508) 993-9446 • www.skipsmarine.net
MARINE FENDER & DOCK SYSTEMS RUBBER FENDERS ~ PANEL FENDERS ANCHORS ~ CHAIN ~ PELICAN HOOKS ABSORBENTS ~ DREDGE PIPE FLOATS UNDERWATER LIFT & SALVAGE BAGS
D-SHAPE, WING & TUGBOAT FENDERS LIFE RAFTS ~ WINCHES ~ SHACKLES SHIP LAUNCHING MARINE AIRBAGS BUOY RELEASE HOOKS ~ CRANES MOORING LINES ~ ROPE ~ BUOYS
BLUE OCEAN TACKLE INC
“AUTHORIZED NABRICO DISTRIBUTOR”
Lake Superior Cabs, Inc.
BOOKS – BOOKS – BOOKS Seagoing books of all kinds
Building Pilot Houses, Equipment Cabs and Control Houses since 1992
Western Rivers. Let Pilothouse be your handy source for Mississippi River System navigational data – Corps of Engineers chart books, Barway Pilots Guides, and the new 2015 edition of the Mississippi River Light List. We also offer a full range of reference and professional books, as well as license exam prep materials.
Pilothouse Nautical Books and Charts
1-800-40-PILOT • Sales@PilothouseCharts.com www.PilothouseCharts.com
60
WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 60
4911 Lyons Technology Parkway #9 Coconut Creek, FL 33073 Tel: (754) 212-4892 Fax: (754) 999-2199 SALES@BLUEOCEANTACKLE.COM WWW.BLUEOCEANTACKLE.COM
SERVICES
GILBERT ASSOCIATES, INC. Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
www.lakesuperiorcabs.com 121 W. Harney Rd Esko, MN Toll Free: 800-328-1823 Fax: 218-879-4640 Dean Myers LSCABS@aol.com
100 Drive, Suite 205,Hingham,MA Braintree, MA02043 02184 350Grossman Lincoln St.,Suite 2501, Tel:(781) 740-8193 | Fax:(781) 740-8197 E-mail:jgilbert@jwgainc.com www.jwgainc.com
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/7/16 10:10 AM
To advertise send details to: classifieds@workboat.com or call: 1-800-842-5603 TRAINING
SERVICES
A SAMS® Surveyor must: ê Strive to enhance the profession of Marine Surveying. ê Maintain and enhance their professional knowledge and expertise. ê Conduct their business in a professional manner. ê Maintain independence, integrity, and objectivity. ê Avoid prejudice and conflict of interest. ê Abide by a strict code of ethics and rules of practice.
SERIOUS TRAINING FOR SERIOUS MARINERS.
Dynamic Positioning (DP)
STCW & ISPS
• Basic and Advanced classes now available
Internationally Recognized
USCG Courses
All Modules available, including:
All Deck Modules available, including: • S.M.A.R.T.® Simulation • All STCW requirements • RFPNW / AB • OICNW (Mate) • Upgrades to Master 200/500/3000 • Unlimited tonnage licenses • Oceans Endorsements • Towing Programs • License Renewal Courses • Practical Assessments
All Engineer Modules available, including:
Become a Certified and Accredited Marine Surveyor
Fishing Vessel Qualified. Complete course and examination for all vessel types and uses. 1-800-245-4425 or navsurvey.com
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
WB16_Classifieds_Apr.indd 61
• QMED • Assistant Engineer & DDE • Chief Engineer
Maritime Professional Training Masters, Mates and Engineers, Inc. 1915 South Andrews Avenue Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33316
• STCW Basic Safety Training • Radar & ARPA • GMDSS • ECDIS • Advanced Firefighting • PSC/Lifeboatman • Bridge Resource Management • Crowd & Crisis Management • Tankerman • Fast Rescue Boat • Medical First Aid • Medical PIC Care at Sea • ISPS SSO/CSO/PFSO • Onboard Courses • And Many More!
Ph: +1.954.525.1014 Toll Free: 1.888.839.5025 Email: info@MPTusa.com Website: www.MPTusa.com
61
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PortofCall
Your Source For Employment, Equipment & Services
SERVICES
2021 Dauphine Street
•
TRAINING
New Orleans, LA 70116
(800) 823-1324
(504) 945-8917
Coast Guard & State Pilotage License Insurance Available Coverages; Legal Defense for CG, NTSB and State Pilot Hearings; Federal and State Civil Actions Reimbursement for Loss of Wages Group Coverage Also Available R.J. Mellusi & Co., 29 Broadway, Suite 2311 New York, N.Y. 10006 Tel. 1(800)280-1590, Fax. 1(212)385-0920, rjmellusi@sealawyers.com www.marinelicenseinsurance.com
USCG License Software Affordable–Merchant Marine Exam Training
http://hawsepipe.net Freelance Software, 39 Peckham Place, Bristol RI 02809
401-556-1955 sales@hawsepipe.net
3D Measure Inc. Marine Digital Measurement Laser Hull Scanning 3D Modeling
info@3dmeasure.com www.3dmeasure.com
Tel: 401-848-4575 Fax: 401-848-4574 Cell: 401-638-5333
BAYFRONT MARINE, INC. WORLDWIDE VESSEL DELIVERY SERVICE EXPERIENCED PROFESSIONALS Licensed Masters, Engineers and Crews Call Mel or Diane Longo (904) 824-8970 www.bayfrontmarineinc.com
Maritime TOAR Assessments N
W
E
Providing Mariners with Solutions for USCG TOAR Requirements
S
www.maritimetoarassessments.com
62
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www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/8/16 2:37 PM
To advertise send details to: classifieds@workboat.com or call: 1-800-842-5603 ADVERTISERS INDEX Page Advertiser
Advertiser
ABS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Ahead Sanitation Systems Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 AVID Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Baier Marine Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Bass Products LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Bloom Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Bocatech Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Breaux Bay Craft Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Breaux Brothers Enterprises Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Caterpillar Inc Marine Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Commercial Marine Expo Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 DA West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Delgado Community College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Duramax Marine LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CV3 ExxonMobil Marine Fuels & Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . CV2 FCI Watermakers Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 FLIR Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Force Control Industries Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Fremont Maritime Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Furuno USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Gladding-Hearn Shipbuilding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 GPLink, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Great American Insurance Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Hamilton Marine Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Hammonds Fuel Additives Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Harken Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Harris Electric Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
EMPLOYMENT
Page
Imtra Corp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Interstate Power Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Karl Senner, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CV4 Louisiana Cat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Lubriplate Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 MAN Engines & Components Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Marine Machining & Mfg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Marine Travelift Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 McDermott Light & Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Metal Shark Aluminum Boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Mitsubishi Engine North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Motor-Services Hugo Stamp Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Nabrico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 NEWMAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Northern Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Omnithruster Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Power Panels, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 R W Fernstrum & Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Simrad - Navico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Si-Tex Marine Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Smith Berger Marine Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Tenmat Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Vigor Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Walker Engineering Enterprises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Waterways Journal Inc (The) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 WorkBoat Maintenance & Repair Conference Expo . . 45 Yanmar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
MARINE GEAR
Seeking Qualified Candidates? Advertise your employment opportunities with WorkBoat and reach job seekers nationwide! WorkBoat Magzine: • Nearly 28,000 subscribers. • The only publication dedicated to the U.S. workboat market. • Get in front of only those invested in the commerical marine industry.
WorkBoat Online: • WorkBoat.com Classified page is very popular. • The Job Watch Job Board eNewsletter is distributed to 28,000 subscribers and is opened an average of over 5,000 times.
For more information, please contact:
Adam Shaw
VACUUM BARGE FOR POLLUTION RECOVERY AND/OR GAS-FREEING ❚ 95’x30’ purpose-built ❚ Hauled and painted ❚ Huge vacuum pumps
❚ 12,000 gallons vacuum receiver tank volume
www.harrisonbrothers.com | 251-232-3810
800-842-5603 • ashaw@divcom.com
www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
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LOOKS BACK APRIL 1976
• A recent report from the General Accounting Office concluded that the Navy’s port service fleet operates more tugs than can be economically justified. “The mode of providing tugboat services to satisfy fleet requirements has been a matter of controversy for some time,” the GAO said. “Commercial operators for years have contended that they could
provide the necessary service effectively, efficiently and economically. Our analysis, as well as Navy studies over the last few years, have shown a greater reliance on commercial tugboat services to be more economical.” The report contained several examples of overstaffing both in the number of tugs and the number of crew assigned to them at various naval installations around the U.S. “Commercial tugboat services are APRIL 1986 generally available • Main Iron Works Inc., Houma, La., has been sold by Sonat Marine Inc. to Leroy J. Molaison. The move returns the shipyard to private ownership. Sonat Marine, a subsidiary of Sonat Inc., Birmingham, Ala., acquired Main Iron in 1979. Main Iron has been in business since 1947. • Tidewater Marine Service Inc., New Orleans, has purchased four offshore service vessels for $2 APRIL 1996 million. The OSVs
• A new 4,300-hp harbor/ship-assist tug will begin working in Tampa Bay, Fla., in July. Built by Leevac Shipyards Inc. for American Tractor Tugs Inc., Tampa, the 100'×38'×18' reverse tractor tug draws 15'. The Kinsman Venture will be propelled by two rebuilt GM-EMD 16-645E2 diesels and twin Aquamaster US2001 Z-drives. • The oceanographic ship Atlantis 64
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in commercial port areas and could fill portions of the Navy’s needs,” the GAO report said. • President Ford, in his fiscal 1977 budget proposal, plans to introduce legislation calling for a waterways user tax. — three 180' supply vessels and one 190' anchor-handling tug/supply vessel — are being overhauled for Gulf of Mexico service. Bollinger Shipyards and Quality Shipyards are working on one OSV each and the other two OSVs are awaiting bids.
was launched at Halter Marine Inc., Moss Point, Miss., in February. Halter, a subsidiary of Trinity Marine Group, will deliver the 274'×52'6"×26'6" vessel next spring. The ship’s diesel-electric powerplant consists of three 1,500kW Caterpillar 3516 TA generator sets, two 3,000-hp General Electric CD 6999 motors and a 1,117-hp GE CD6887 motor for the bowthruster. www.workboat.com • APRIL 2016 • WorkBoat
3/11/16 11:04 AM
DuraBlue Composite Rudder Bushing ®
Technology That Won’t Steer You Wrong. Duramax® DuraBlue® is a dimensionally stable composite greaseless bushing that you can trust to stay on the job. Don’t chance using inferior bushings that are dimensionally unstable. Other bushings have a wide range of thermal expansion and contraction rate. This can affect the interference needed to hold bushings in place, and at times can cause steering issues. Duramax® technology never steers you wrong. Run with confidence. DuraBlue® experiences no water swell, is dimensionally stable, and always on the job.
DuraBlue® Composite Rudder Bushing:
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Is greaseless, self-lubricating, and pollution-free
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Has low thermal expansion and contraction
pintles, steering gear bushings and available in
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Gives exceptionally long wear life
sheets for thrust washers and wear pads.
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Delivers ultra-low friction value of 0.04
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Has extremely high load capacity
BOOTH #810 DuraBlue® Composite is used for rudder stocks,
Extensive inventory available for quick shipment. Bushings available in diameters: 1'- 42" (2.5 - 107cm)
www.DuramaxMarine.com
Sheet Stock: 30.5" x 48" – Thickness: .500", .750", 1"
Duramax Marine® is an ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company
Products And Knowledge You Trust WB_CVRS.indd Duramax_durablue_workboat8.125x10.875.indd 3 1
p: 440.834.5400 f: 800.497.9283 3/10/16 3/25/15 1:31 3:08PM PM
BOOTH #401
PROPELLING
EXCELLENCE
“We have found the Steerprop Z Drives to be reliable and efficient. The support from Karl Senner, LLC is professional and outstanding.” Otto Candies, Jr., Otto Candies, LLC
Karl Senner, LLC proudly represents:
WEST COAST Karl Senner, LLC. Seattle, WA (425) 338-3344
EAST COAST Karl Senner, LLC. New York, NY (917)722-8118
PADUCAH SERVICE FACILITY Karl Senner, LLC. 2401 Powell Street Paducah, KY
GULF COAST HEADQUARTERS Karl Senner, LLC. 25 W. Third St. Kenner, LA (504) 469-4000
WWW.KARLSENNER.COM (504)469-4000 WB_CVRS.indd 4
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