Distributional Impacts of COVID-19 in the Middle East and North Africa Region

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Distributional Impacts of COVID-19 in MENA

References Adams-Prassl, Abi, Teodora Boneva, Marta Golin, and Christopher Rauh. 2020. “Inequality in the Impact of the Coronavirus Shock: Evidence from Real Time Surveys.” Journal of Public Economics (189). https://doi.org/10.1016/j​ .jpubeco.2020.104245. Alazzawi, Shireen, and Vladimir Hlasny. 2019. “Disparities in the Cost of Living Changes after a Large-Scale Devaluation: The Case of Egypt 2016.” ERF 26th Annual Conference, 277. Topics in Middle Eastern and African Economies, Proceedings of Middle East Economic Association 21 (1). Atamanov, Aziz, Christoph Lakner, Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Samuel Kofi Tetteh Baah, and Judy Yang. 2020. “The Effect of New PPP Estimates on Global Poverty: A First Look.” Global Poverty Monitoring Technical Note 12, World Bank, Washington, DC. Barrett, Christopher B., and Paul A. Dorosh. 1996. “Farmers’ Welfare and Changing Food Prices: Nonparametric Evidence from Rice in Madagascar.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 78 (3): 656–69. https://doi​ .org/10.2307/1243283. Cravino, Javier, and Andrei A. Levchenko. 2017. “The Distributional Consequences of Large Devaluations.” American Economic Review 107 (11): 3477–3509. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151551. Deaton, Angus, and Salman Zaidi. 2002. “Guidelines for Constructing Consumption Aggregates for Welfare Analysis.” LSMS Working Paper 135, World Bank, Washington, DC. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org​ /handle/10986/14101. de Hoyos, Rafael E., and Denis Medvedev. 2011. “Poverty Effects of Higher Food Prices: A Global Perspective.” Review of Development Economics 15 (3): 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2011.00615.x. de Janvry, Alain, and Elisabeth Sadoulet. 2010. “The Global Food Crisis and Guatemala: What Crisis and for Whom?” World Development 38 (9): 1328–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.02.008. Fujii, Tomoki. 2013. “Impact of Food Inflation on Poverty in the Philippines.” Food Policy 39: 13–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2012​ .11.009. Hatayama, Maho, Mariana Viollaz, and Hernan Winkler. 2020. “Jobs’ Amenability to Working from Home: Evidence from Skills Surveys for 53 Countries.” Policy Research Working Paper 9241, World Bank, Washington, DC. http:// hdl.handle.net/10986/33753. Haughton, Jonathan, and Shahidur R. Khandker. 2009. Handbook on Poverty and Inequality. Washington, DC: World Bank. Hayati, Fayavar, Majid Kazemi Najaf Abadi, Maria Reinholdt Andersen, Aziz Atamanov, Matthew Grant Wai-Poi, Mohammadhadi Mostafavi Dehzooei, and Djavad Salehi Isfahani. 2018. “Iran Economic Monitor: Weathering Economic Challenges. Special Focus Topic: Understanding the Latest Poverty Trends in Iran (2009–2016).” World Bank, Washington, DC.


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Articles inside

Introduction

4min
pages 258-259

Transmission Channels

2min
page 260

Conclusion

2min
page 276

Large Poverty Setbacks

1min
page 269

Sensitivity Analysis

2min
page 272

Key Messages

1min
page 257

References

3min
pages 254-256

Sector and More Likely to Work in Sectors Affected during the Pandemic

2min
page 244

Impacts on Household Welfare and Poverty

2min
page 243

How the Study Is Conducted

3min
pages 236-237

Suffer the Biggest Income Losses

4min
pages 238-239

How This Study Fits into the Literature on Economic Shocks

4min
pages 234-235

References

3min
pages 228-230

Future Scenarios

2min
page 221

An Innovative Methodological Approach

11min
pages 205-210

Key Messages

1min
page 197

References

0
pages 195-196

Notes

4min
pages 193-194

How the Study Is Conducted

5min
pages 185-187

Precrisis Situation: Poverty and Labor Markets

2min
page 179

Introduction

2min
page 176

Notes

3min
pages 171-174

Key Messages

1min
page 175

Conclusion

2min
page 170

5.3 Most Djiboutians Are Returning to Normal Workloads

2min
page 158

Introduction

2min
page 152

References

3min
pages 149-150

Conclusion

2min
page 145

Key Messages

0
page 151

Which Households Were Most Likely to Declare Lower Living Standards

1min
page 142

during the COVID-19 Surge

1min
page 140

Distributed in Key Transmission Channels

1min
page 134

Phone Surveys to Quickly Check on Living Standards

1min
page 131

References

1min
pages 127-128

Conclusion

4min
pages 121-122

Key Messages

0
page 129

Introduction

2min
page 130

A Complex Link: Food Insecurity, Income Loss, and Job Loss

2min
page 117

COVID-19 Impacts on Household Welfare

2min
page 112

More Than Doubled

1min
page 111

Key Messages

0
page 101

Impacts on Employment: Work Stoppages

2min
page 85

Reference

0
pages 99-100

2.1 Limitations of Phone Surveys

2min
page 83

Conclusion

1min
page 98

to Paint a COVID-19 Picture

4min
pages 70-71

Key Messages

1min
page 77

Introduction

1min
page 78

Preexisting Structural Problems

2min
page 64

Introduction

4min
pages 56-57

Key Messages

1min
page 55

Future Shocks

2min
page 51

COVID-19-Induced Shocks

2min
page 58

Notes

1min
page 52

Message 2: COVID-19 Is Just One of the Severe Socioeconomic Challenges Facing the Region

2min
page 45

References

1min
pages 53-54

Variations in Size and Timing of Containment Measures

1min
page 60
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