2015 KADK THESIS-A design-led enquiry into techniques of performative folding

A design-led enquiry into techniques of performative folding 2015 spring semester thesis stud 5634 wenyu wu tutor - phil ayres

CITA | Centre for Information Technology and Architecture Royal Academy of Fine Arts, School of Architecture

abastract

Techniques of Perfomative Folding This project will investigate varieties of techniques of perfomative folding which will be applied on pop-up architecture.The reason why i want to investigate is folding has both structural and aethestic capacity.

Pop-up Architecture

Pop-up architecture has deep architecture quality and it is radical in design even though it is temporary. It gives the oppotunity to apply the techniques of perfomative folding on.

The methods of investigation will be in these aspect: material, physical model, computation model simulation,

Methods of Investigation

material

physical model

computation model simulation

architecture content

abastract

vs

vs

A piece of folded panel will accept more load than a flat one when it is horizontally and vertically.

Venice Biennale 2012, Zaha Hadid

structural capacity

aesthetic capacity

pop-up architecture

Pop-up Architecture Serpentine Pavilion 2013, Sou Fujimoto

temporary

radical in design

deep architecture quality

Folly for a Flyover, London, by architecture collective Assemblage

‘Pop-up’ is one of the buzzwords of the late ‘noughties’, with pop-up bars, cafes and shops being set-up (and then taken down again) all over the nation.

Of ourse, architecture has found ways to express itself through the pop-up too. Its temporary nature is a central part of the pop-up’s appeal, meaning this type of architecture can often be just that little bit braver than that of buildings which are designed to be around for a long time.

- http://www.architecture.com/Explore/Stories/Pop-uparchitecture.aspx

Pop-up architecture has deep architecture quality and it is radical in design even though it is temporary. It gives the oppotunity to apply the techniques of perfomative folding on.

The Shed, by Haworth Tompkins

folded plate structure A thin-walled building structure of the shell type. Folded plate structures consist of flat components, or plates, that are interconnected at some dihedral angle.

In modern construction practice the most widely used folded plate structures are made of castin-situ or precast reinforced concrete (including prestressed and reinforced-cement structures).

- The Great Soviet Encyclopedia ,1979

Sears storage, Florida, United States, 1957

Miami Marine Stadium, Florida, United States, 1963,

by Hilario Candela

Advatage - weight efficiency simplicity of manufacture aesthetically pleasing structure form From 1950s to 1980s, the folded structure are mainly made of concrete. Since 2000, material become more diversified. We could see some steel and wood folded plate structure.

Indian Airlines Hangar ,Santacruz Airport, Mumbai, 1970

1950s

Yokohama intanational port terminal, Japan, 2002,

by Foreign Office Architects

2000s

Hippodrome de Groenedaal, Belgium, 1980,

by Prof. AndrĂŠ Paduart

1980s

Folded-Plate Hut, Nakanoshima Park, Osaka, Japan, 2009, by Ryuichi Ashizawa Architects

Temporary chapel for the Deaconesses of St-Loup , Switzerland, 2008, by Localarchitecture & Danilo Mondada

Gymnasium, MĂźlimatt 2010, by Livio Vacchini

2010s

hybrid fold structure

The fold structure is composed of triangular stell sheets that act in both tension and compression.

These can be also composed with reinforcement, provided mainly for resisting compressive forces.

The surface material is divided into three steel plate thickness (2.3mm, 3.2 mm and 4.5 mm),according to local stresses. In cases where even a 4.5mm thick steel plate lacks the necessary strength, diagonal members are placed behind the plates for extra support. As a result, the fold surfaces becomes flat. Because the thin steel plates are also structural, the diagonal members are not arranged like a simple truss, but rather it becomes a hybrid fold structure.

-The Yokohama Project, Ferre Albert ed., 2002

This project is not purely folded plate strucutre.Because there are girders behind the steel plates which give the extra support.So it is a hybrid fold structure.

But what i want to make, the material element itself could have the structure function.

It doesn’t need the other structure to give the extra support.

Yokohama intanational port terminal,Japan, 2002, by Foreign Office Architects

temporary folded architecture All the reference i found from the internet have a common issue : they only use one type of folding. It means this project will probobaly be the first one to investigate varieties of techniques of perfomative folding on temporary architeture.

Cardboard Banquet at Cambridge University, 2009

Origami Pavillion, Design studio project Faculty of Architecture University of Catania Siracusa, Italy, 2009

Temporary chapel for the Deaconesses of St-Loup , Switzerland, 2008, by Localarchitecture & Danilo Mondada

Corogami ( coroplast + origami ) Folding Hut, 2009,

by David Penner

Packaged,in a shopping center or consumer space, 2008,

by Miwa Takabayashi

methods of investigation / material Because of the main feature of pop-up architecture ,the material could be just paper

Pop-up Architecture

temporary

radical in design

deep architecture quality

Material

paper stiffness / stability low

hign 2000 Hannover Expo Japanese Pavilion, by Shigiru Ban structural capacity of folding

simplity in folding high

low

PHYSICAL MODEL

curved folding

straight folding

There are 2 mian type of folding.

- curved folding - straight folding

PHYSICAL MODEL

one scale of folding transforming to another scale

curved type of folding transforming to straght type of folding

methods of investigation / computation model simulation Grasshopper plug-in Kangroo could simulate the behavior of folding as long as we have the unfolded plan. Further exploration is to give load to it to get the ideal shape we want.

top

top

perspective

perspective

side

side

original folding

one scale of folding transfoming to another scale

methods of investigation / computation model simulation

top

top

top

perspective

perspective

perspective

side

side

side

unfolded plan

one scale of folding transforming to another scales in deffererent level of folding

methods of investigation / computation model simulation

top

perspective

side

unfolded plan

combination of differnt type of folding

methods of investigation / ARCHITECTURE PROPOSITION

- A full scale demonstation of methods and techniques creating a room sized interior installation.

http://www.elmsleighguestlodge.co.uk/attractions/

Puppet theater - It is a good oppotunity to use the folded surface to design the the stage in different requirement, for example, different in height , the opening of the curtain.

http://www.coolplaces.co.uk/places/uk/england/norfolk/norwich/1167-norwich-puppet-theatre

1:1 MODEL exploration

2m

folding surface

2.5 m

deployable plan

Junction exploration

material soft

hard

balance

simplity in folding

low

high

Junction exploration IST PART-1st test

700mm Ă— 1000mm 0.5 mm

Junction exploration - 1st test

162 mm

270 mm

insert into the cut

junction

The juction it self is also made by paper and connect paper by fodling .

cut

Junction exploration - 1st test

DIFFICULT to fold EASY to break LOSE aestheticity

Junction exploration - 2ND test

insert into the cut

82 mm

junction

137 mm

REDUCE the scale of fold REDUCE the thickness of the paper REDUCE the size of junction

cut

Junction exploration - 1st test

easy to fold NOT EASY to break KEEP aestheticity NOT self-standing

material: paper 270 gsm

SELF STANDING FOLDING SURFACE

MATERIAL

SCALE OF FOLD

?

self standing surface

extend the folding horizontally in both end side

adding other folding surface to support it

LOSE aestheticity

self standing surface

top view

TOP VIEW

perspective view

Using a same surface,when it is stright is not easy to self stand. But when it is curved or an enclosing shape, for example, a cylinder shape,it become much stroger and it could also make the connecting stright surface become stronger in structure ability.

artchitecture propositon reference

SITE PHOTO

KADK top floor space from entrance A

target shape of the puppet theater

plan room

auditorim

top view

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - BASIC FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - BASIC FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - BASIC FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - HYBRID FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - hybrid FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - basic FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

PHISICAL MODEL EXPLORATION - HYBRID FOLD

taget shape

deployable plan

SECENE

taget shape

SCENE OPENING

SCENE closed

DEPLOYED PLAN

3 types of stage for different types of puppet show

TYPE 1

TYPE 2

TYPE 3

TYPE 1

stage

auditorium

a copy version of puppet theater in Kongens Have

TYPE 2

stage

auditorium

string puppet

TYPE 3

stage

auditorium

chinese shawdow play

section

chinese shadow play

section

string puppet

section

SITE PLAN

play room

main entrance

SITE PLAN

play room

main entrance

COMPUTATION SUMULATION

taget shape

taget shape

limitation of COMPUTATION SUMULATION

import the deployed plan add anchor point and string force

control the portion of the string

mirror

light test

no light from the window

light from the window - nobody behine the scene

Sinece the paper is translucent, It is easy to see the overlap area of the scene and the shadow of the people behind the svene.

light from the window - somebody behine the scene

light test

chinese shadow puppet

string puppet

puppet

√

√

×

light test

Changing the material of the bottom part be opaque which could make the sece more flexible for different kind of puppet show.

JUCTION EXPLORATION

HIDDEN JUCTION

REVEALED JUCTION

SCALE OF FOLD

Junction exploration IST PART- 2nd test

100 mm

200 mm

insert into the cut

junction

REDUCE the scale of fold REDUCE the thickness of the paper REDUCE the size of junction

cut

Junction exploration IST PART- 2nd test

easy to fold EASY to break KEEP aestheticity

material: paper 270 gsm

Junction exploration IST PART- 2nd test

100 mm

100 mm

insert into the cut

junction

REDUCE the scale of fold REDUCE the thickness of the paper REDUCE the size of junction

cut

Junction exploration IST PART- 2nd test

difficult to fold EASY to break KEEP aestheticity

material: paper 240 gsm

Junction exploration IST PART- 2nd test

100 mm

100 mm

200 mm 100 mm

REDUCE the scale of fold

cut

Junction exploration IST PART- 2nd test

easy to fold EASY to break KEEP aestheticity

material: paper 270 gsm

Junction exploration 2ND PART- INSPIRATION

stich book/ bind the book

stich the cloth

Junction exploration 2ND PART- INSPIRATION

The string itself is not olny have the structural capability to stich the paper together but also have the athestic capability to be a part of the design of the book by designing the colour of the string , the thickness of the string and the stich pattern .

Therefore, the juction can be something be revealed and presented , not something need to be hidden.

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 1st test

+

holes for string to go through

+

+

string

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 1st test

easy to fold NOT EASY to break KEEP aestheticity

material: paper 270 gsm

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 2nd test

+

holes for string to go through

+

+ string

Lengthen the stich length

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 2nd test

easy to fold NOT EASY to break KEEP aestheticity SAVE TIME to stich

material: paper 270 gsm

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 3rd test

holes for string to go through

+

string

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 3rd test

easy to fold EASY to break KEEP aestheticity

material: paper 150 gsm

Junction exploration 2ND PART- 3rd test

easy to fold NOT EASY to break KEEP aestheticity

material: paper 80 gsm

1:1 model version 1

80 gsm

270 gsm

270 gsm

top view

bottom view