THE YAMUNA RIVER PROJECT RE-CENTERING DELHI RESEARCH STUDIO PHASE 2:
NAJAFGARH DRAIN 3010/4010 7010/8010 Vertical Studio Fall 2016 6 credits Monday/Friday 1:00-5:00 Wednesday 1:00-2:30
Iñaki Alday, Quesada Professor of Architecture Pankaj Vir Gupta, Professor of Architecture
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Project Team Guest Advisors and Collaborators Haritha Bhairavabhatla John Echeverri-Gent Dan Ehnbom Guoping Huang Margarita Jover Jeff Legro Esther Lorenz Karen McGlathery Christian McMillen Charlie Menefee Brian Owensby Luis Pancorbo Matt Reidenbach Justin Safarik Liz Rogawski Peter Waldman
Urban and Environmental Planning Politics Art History Urban and Environmental Planning Architecture Politics and Vice Provost for Global Affairs Architecture Env. Sciences and Assoc. VP for Research History Architecture History and Director, CGII Architecture Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences Public Health Architecture
Faculty IĂąaki Alday, Quesada Professor of Architecture Pankaj Vir Gupta, Professor of Architecture
Students Joshua Aronson Salvatrice Aul Fiorella Barreto Aleksander De Mott Elizabeth Dorton Sosa Erhabor Laurence Holland Meng Huang Audrey Hughes Sophie Mattinson Tianning Miao Lemara Miftakhova Andrew Morrell July Qiu Katie Salata Benjamin DiNapoli 2
MArch 17 BSArch 17 BSArch 17 BSArch 17 BSArch 18 BSArch 17 MArch 17 MArch 18 BSArch 17 BSArch 17 MArch 18 MArch 18 MArch 18 MLA 17 BSArch 18 Research Assistant, BSArch 17
PROJECT TEAM
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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The Yamuna River Project
The University of Virginia’s Yamuna River Project is a long-term, interdisciplinary research program whose objective is to revitalize the ecology of the Yamuna River in the Delhi area, and to open the city to the river. Iñaki Alday – Quesada Professor of Architecture and Principal, aldayjover architecture and landscape -- and Pankaj Vir Gupta -- Professor of Architecture and Principal, Vir Mueller Architects/Delhi -- initiated the project with a series of research studios beginning in 2013-14. The outcome was Re-Centering Delhi, an award-winning vision of Delhi’s Yamuna that rejuvenates the local environment, improves local infrastructure, and reorients patterns of urban settlement in order to ameliorate the lives of local residents and enhance public access to Delhi’s culturally and ecologically vital Yamuna River. Currently, phase two of the Yamuna River Project involves an interdisciplinary team from the University of Virginia with expertise in architecture, land planning, civil engineering, environmental science, public-private partnerships, anthropology, political science, history, and cultural studies. The team’s objective is to engage the efforts of government agencies, experts and activists in an ongoing program to address the multidimensional challenges posed by the vision of Re-Centering Delhi. The signing of a memorandum of understanding with the Delhi Jal Board on July 12, 2016 makes revitalizing the ecology of the Najafgarh drain, the source of 60% of Yamuna’s pollution in the Delhi area, an important focus of phase two. Over the longer term, the Yamuna Project’s objective is to build a publicly accessible body of information and expertise that will catalyze efforts to reinvigorate the Yamuna’s ecological system in Delhi and recover the relation between the city and its sacred river.
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THE YAMUNA RIVER PROJECT Ashish Jain Mr. Anshuman Gp. Capt. Rajiv Seth Syamal Sarkar
Leena Srivastava
Ranjana Ray Chaudhuri
Prateek Sharma
Philip Oldenburg
Fawzia Tarannum
C.T. Dhanya
3A 4A
1N 2N 3N 4N 5N (NGO) 6N (NGO) 7N (NGO) 8N
Alstom Transport Harsh Vardhan Jain Architects MRIDA Renergy + Development Sikorsky India Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan Center for Policy Research Down to Earth, Center for Science and Evnironment (CSE) Toxic Links
2A
1A
ACADEMIC
1A 2A 3A 4A Arun Nagpal
Sumedha Chakma
AIIMS Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi South Asia Institute, Columbia University Teri University
Harsh Jain 1G 2G 3G 4G
Bharat Salhotra
Bharat Wakhlu
3N
2N 1N
4N
Misra
THE YAMUNA
5N
INDEPENDENT+ NGO’s
6N
Naik
RIVER PROJECT
Delhi Jal Board Government of India Indian Pollution Control Association Ministry of Water Resources
GOVERNMENTAL
Dr. Amarj
4G
INDIA STATE PARTNERS AND CONTACTS
3G
7N
Ashok K. Kesh
nsha Roy 8N
2G 1G
Predip Saha
A.K. Gosain Dr. Vandana Sinha
Keshav Chandra, CEO
Amitabh Kumar 1F 2F
Prathama Banerjee 3F Shyam Khadka
4F
FOUNDATIONS+ INSTITUTIONS
5F
Madhu Krishna
14F 13F
6F Amita Baviskar 8F
George Mathew Ash Narain Roy
Bhaskar Goswami
12F
7F Om Prakash Mathur
Dr. Syamal Sarkar
Rajish Nair Shanti Dahal
11F 9F
10F
Suneel Padale
1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F 10F 11F 12F 13F 14F
Center for Art and Archeology, Ameri Center for Social Research Centre for Studies in Developing Soci Food and Agriculture Organization of Gates Foundation Institute of Economic Growth Institute of Social Sciences Institute of Social Studies Public Health Foundation of India Water Sanitation and Hygiene Institu The World Bank UNDP United Nations TERI (The Energy and Resources Instit
Prabhjot Sodhi Buke Yildiz
Alka Narang Rajish Balasubramanian Jun Matsumoto
Himanshu Vats Manish Kakkar
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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Design-Research Methodology
The studio is organized as a lab, with two research directors (faculty) and fifteen team members working in different group configurations and individually, exerting individual agency while pushing a collective endeavor. The individual creativity, interests and abilities are focused in identifying the critical issues and propose the best comprehensive answers. Each student is challenged to face the entire complexity and produce unique responses, responsible and adventurous at the same time. The current team builds on the knowledge produced by the previous generations of the Re-Centering Delhi Research Studio. The methodology is organized in 3 main steps: Search, Research (multi-scale Design Research) and Evaluation. It is critical to note that this series of steps are not cleanly delimited and there are overlapping and a process of going back and for. The design process is not linear when searching for information, speculating, proposing, testing and evaluating. From each of these moments, the design process moves to the next and, almost always, to the previous at the same time. Similarly, the scales of design are multiple and the process includes the movement from each one to the more detailed and the more general alternatively, if not simultaneously. The expected outcome is a collective design research that produces a coherent proposition of multiple coordinated pieces, a common strategic plan and individual/small team specific propositions for specific sites/situations. Each of the last ones is a test of the critical interventions necessary to implement the strategic plan and a first detailed design response.
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SPECULATION schematic research
INTRODUCTION analysis + site mapping EVALUATION design development and testing
COMMUNICATION
INTERVENTIONS
STRATEGIC PLAN
THE YAMUNA R
RE-CEN
date room event
1
W F
24 26
B-Sh B-Sh
studio intro / identification of main topics lecture: mapping / Delhi analysis (team)
M W F
29 31 2
B-Sh
deskcrits graphic stardards discussion lecture: rivers + human settlement
3
M W F
5 7 9
B-Sh Labor Day (class)
PIN-UP: Delhi/ Najafgarh Drain mapping Readings debate 1 Readings debate 2 / speculative vision (team)
4
M W F
12 14 16
B-Sh PVG - visit PVG - visit B-Sh PVG - visit
discussion with Pankaj Vir Gupta deskcrits PIN-UP: speculative vision for the drain
5
M W F
19 21 23
B-Sh
lecture: urban project / test projects Topical workshops w. guests (history, env sc) deskcrits
6
M W F
26 28 30
B-Sh
M W F
3 5 7
M W F
10 12 14
9
M W F
17 19 21
10
M W F
24 26 28
drain master plan + comprehensive Delhi vision independent work independent work
M W F
31 2 4
studio charrette - deskcrits deskcrits deskcrits
12
M W F
7 9 11
13
M W F
14 16 18
14
M W F
21 23 25
15
M W DEC F
28 30 2
16
M W F
5 7 9
Last day of classes
deskcrits -
17
F
116 405
PVG - visit
FINAL REVIEW YAMUNA SYMPOSIUM
AUG
2 SEP
OCT
8
11 NOV
FINAL DEVELOPMENT design coordination
METHODOLOGY
The Univers School of A Fall
wk. mon. day
7
SYNTHESIS reviews
RE-SEARCH
PRECEDENTS
DESIGN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
B-Sh
IA - travelling IA - travelling
PIN-UP: test projects independent work independent work
Site visit / Fall break Site visit Site visit
site visit / New Delhi - Sat.1 - Sun. 9 -
B-Sh
deskcrits studio charrette deskcrits
B-Sh
deskcrits deskcrits PIN-UP / drain master plan + test projects
B-Sh PVG - visit PVG - visit PVG - visit
205
IA - travelling IA - travelling
Thanksgiving break Thanksgiving break
DEL
studio schedule
MID-REVIEW deskcrits deskcrits - studio charrette - Woltz Symposium independent work independent work PIN-UP deskcrits all studio exhibition workshop all studio exhibition workshop all studio exhibition presentation
302
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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Delhi, the Yamuna and the Najafgahr
The XXI century has been described as the century of the cities. With 22 million inhabitants, Delhi is the second most populous city in the world, and the first in the developing world. With the Yamuna River as its anchor, Delhi has served as a capital city for over eight centuries – for the Mughal Empire, the British Raj, and for post-independence India. The construction of the British capital initiated the change in the relation between the river and the city, severing the traditional spatial interdependence. The dramatic contemporary situation is thus that of a sacred river, with polluted waters, crossing a forgotten floodplain, cut and encroached by haphazard infrastructure, illegally occupied and exploited, and one from which the city, uncharitably, now looks away. The cleansing of the rivers and the transformation of 100 river cities is one of the main political priorities of the country, as stated by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. The Najafgarh Drain is the first tributary of the Yamuna River in Delhi and its first source of flow after the Wazirabad Barrage, where 100% of the water coming from the Himalayans is captured for drinking. With 58 kms in the national Capital Territory of Delhi, currently brings the 60% of the pollution to the river after crossing different neighborhoods and agricultural territories of the metropolis. While the Delhi Jal Board is committed to address the specific aspect of the sewage infrastructure, a number of questions remain without answer. The thesis of this investigation states that the ecological water crisis is the result of 150 years of neglect of the water bodies in the urban development of Delhi. Only through addressing the complexity of the urban phenomena, the social and ecological crisis that water manifests can be solved. This focused lens provides the opportunity to work in the different urban and landscape fabrics, searching for a new vision about the role of this tributary and for innovative proposals in the most acute transect of the city and its water system.
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DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
CURRENT STUDIO SITES OF STUDY RESEARCH SCALE URBAN ZOOM PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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View of Delhi from the river showing the King's Palace VOLUME 3, THE INDIAN EMPIRE Robert Montgomery Martin, c. 1860
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“View of Delhi from the River Shewing the King's Palace”
alace�
DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
Bank of the Yamuna River RE-CENTERING DELI RESEARCH TEAM October 2014
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
Re-centering Delhi Research Team
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Water Quality and Sources
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DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
WATER SOURCES + TREATMENT PLANTS
YAMUNA RIVER
WAZIRABAD POND 229 MGD
CHANDRAWAL WTP
BAWANA WTP
WAZIRABAD WTP
HAIDERPUR WTP
DELHI BRANCH (KACHA CANAL)
266 MGD
BHAGIRATHI WTP
NANGLOI WTP
OKHLA WTP DWARKA WTP
MUNAK CANAL 78 MGD
SONIA VIHAR WTP
UPPER GANGA CANAL 248 MGD
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS Sewage
Kanjhawala/ Bahana
Roh 15
RITHALA
80 MGD x 56% TOTALS Existing Capacity
664 MGD*
Sewage Generated
617 MGD
Sewage Treated
341 MGD
Sewage Not Treated
254 MGD
Capacity DeďŹ cit
47 MGD
Planned Expansion
140 MGD
Bakkarwala .66 MGD
NILOTHI
40 MGD x 33%
Drainage Area Sewered Area Unsewered Area
Najafgarh 5 MGD
Dwark
*MGD = millions of gallons per day
Najafgarh
Kapashera 5 MGD
PAPPANKALAN UNTREATED SEWAGE BY AREA Rohini/Rithala Najafgarh Coronation Pillar Kanjhawala/Bawana Shahdara Nilothi Narela South Delhi Outer South Delhi Keshopur Dwarka Okhla
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0
10 km
47.65 MGD 42.2 MGD 35.8 MGD 35.5 MGD 34.4 MGD 31.7 MGD 25 MGD 16 MGD 10 MGD 8.7 MGD 8.4 MGD 0.0 MGD
40 MGD x 75%
KESHOP 72 MGD x
DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
Narela 10 MGD
Narela
CORONATION
Coronation Pillar
hini MGD
Rohini/ Rithala
40 MGD x 48%
YAMUNA VIH
Timarpur 6 MGD
Nilothi
45 MGD x 70% Shahdara
Delhi Gate Nalla 17.2 MGD
Keshopur
Sen Nursing Home Nalla 2.2 MGD
ka
Comm. Games Village
KONDLI
90 MGD x 39% Chilla
Okhla
OKHLA
a
170 MGD x 75%
Vasant Kunj 5 MGD
South Delhi Ghitorni
Mehrauli 5 MGD
5 MGD
PUR
74%
Molarbandh .66 MGD
Outer South Delhi
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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Waste and Air AIR POLLUTION
DELHI Wazirabad Barrage // 0 km Discharge: 1.5 m3/sec
EXCELLENT
20.68
Najafgarh Drain // 0.3 km
0.07
Magazine Road Drain // 1.5 km
0.13
Sweeper Colony Drain // 1.8 km
0.13
Khyber Pass Drain // 3.6 km
0.09
Methalf House Drain // 4.2 km
0.39
Qudsia Bagh Drain // 5.7 km
0.09
Tonga Stand Drain // 6.3 km
0.001
Moat Drain // 6.6 km
MODERATELY POLLUTED
0.52
Civil Mill Drain // 7.2 km
0.56
Delhi Gate Drain // 9.0 km
HEAVILY POLLUTED
1.01
S.N. Home Drain // 12.0 km
0.04
Drain No-12 // 13.5 km
0.37
Drain No-14 // 14.1 km
0-35 μg/m³
GOOD
35-75 μg/m³
SLIGHTLY POLLUTED 75-115 μg/m³
115-150 μg/m³
150-250 μg/m³
SEVERELY POLLUTED
1.35
250-500 μg/m³
0.74
BEYOND THE INDEX
ra
Ag
>500 μg/m³
Barapulla Drain // 15.6 km
Maharani Bagh Drain // 18.0 km
l
na
Ca
30.00
Hindon Cut
BEIJING
WASTEWATER NUMBER OF DAYS IN PAST FOUR MONTHS
Okhla Barrage // 22.0 km Discharge: 55.67 m3/sec
'(/+, 6 /$5*(67 /$1'),//6 +(,*+7
0(7(56
0(7(56
*+$=,385
%+$/6:$
0(7(56
2.+/$
0(7(56
0(7(56
1$5(/$ %$:$1$ $3$570(17 %8,/',1*
/$1' 0$66 64 0(7(56
16
0
10 km
64 0(7(56
64 0(7(56
64 0(7(56
64 0(7(56
DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
BHALSWA
SERVES 50.3% POPULATION 51 ACRES
GHAZIPUR
SERVES 30% POPULATION 71 ACRES
OKHLA
SERVES 18% POPULATION 40 ACRES
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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DELHI DENSITY MAP
Density
Fair Proportions of Land and Density *2011 Census Data
-21,708
SW
5,446
437,198
-2.07
211,206
-225,992
S
11,060
257,837
-1.02
252,781
-5,056
Regional Map of Delhi
-2.78
+2.40
+1.73
+2.45
+3.19
+1.28
-1.37
252,781
211,206
12,127
162,403
203,423
44,994
184,598
82,744
312,573
NE E
Difference (sqkm)
E
S
-115,653
+18,100
+126,730
+26,629
+84,670
+94,735
-21,708
-225,992
-5,056
N
S
NE
CC ND
CC ND
Fair Area (sqkm)
-2.07
NW
W
SW
N
W
SW
-1.02
NW
*2011 Census Data
12,127
Fair Proportions of Land and Density
-2.78
Area (sqkm) Scale Factor
33,835
PPL/SQKM
4,057
Region:
+94,735
ND
428,226
162,403
8,254
+2.40
NW
67,668
64,644
27,132
57,868
+84,670
E
14,557
203,423
36,155
+1.73
N
118,753
NE
19,563
18,365
+26,629
W
27,730
+126,730
44,994
CC
184,598
+2.45
118,753
+3.19
18,365
19,563
57,868
27,730
W
36,155
CC
67,668
+18,100
NE
27,132
82,744
E
+1.28
33,835
64,644
437,198
14,557
257,837
-115,653
N
4,057
312,573
5,446
Difference (sqkm)
-1.37
11,060
Fair Area (sqkm)
428,226
ND
Area (sqkm) Scale Factor
8,254
SW
PPL/SQKM
NW
S
Region:
NW
NE
W W
ND
CC
SW
SW
Regional Map of Delhi
N
S
Fair Proportions Based on Area and Density
SW N
W W
W
SW
W
NE ND
CC E
NW
Fair Proportions Based on Area and Density
SW
PEOPLE PER SQUARE KILOMETER 20,000-30,000
ND
NE
Fair Proportions Based on Area and Density
E
18
N
S
CC
S
SW
NW
E
10,000-20,000 0-10,000
E
E
DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
19
National Institute of Technology
LITERACY RATES
Public Facilities
PUBLIC FACILITIES— EDUCATION NORTHWEST National Institute of Technology
LITERACY RATES
Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University
NORTHWEST WEST
3,656,539
LITERACY RATES
NORTHWEST WEST SOUTHWEST
2,543,243
WEST SOUTHWEST NEW DELHI
2,292,958
PUBLIC UNVIERSITY PRIVATE UNVIERSITY SCHOOL 0
SOUTHWEST NEW DELHI
10 km
142,004
University of Delhi Ambedkar University
Rashtriya Sanskrit National Indian Agricultural Sansthan Institute of Research Institute Technology University University of Delhi Bharati Vidyapeeth ICFAI University of Delhi Guru Gobind Singh Deemed University Ambedkar Indraprastha University Jamia Millia University Islamia Jawaharlal Nehru University National Law University
Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan
Indian Institute Indian Agricultural of Technology Research Institute University Jamia Hamdard University of Delhi Bharati Vidyapeeth University ICFAI University of Delhi Guru Gobind Singh Deemed University Ambedkar Indraprastha University Jamia Millia University Islamia Jawaharlal Nehru University National Law University
National Law University Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan
Indian Institute Indian Agricultural of Technology Research Institute
University of Delhi
Jamia Hamdard University ICFAI University Jamia Millia Islamia
Jawaharlal Nehru University Indian Institute of Technology
Jamia Hamdard University
PUBLIC UNVIERSITY PRIVATE UNVIERSITY SCHOOL 0
NEW DELHI
10 km
PUBLIC UNVIERSITY PRIVATE UNVIERSITY SCHOOL 0
20
10 km
MapAgriculture of Delhi
DELHI, THE YAMUNA AND THE NAJAFGARH
culture
10 km
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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CURRENT SITUATION
Solving a dilemma of this complexity requires the participation of a host of agencies at all scales of government, along with non-profit partners and private interests. Part of the problem is that the institutional structures and decision-making procedures do not match the structure and complexity of the problem. Jurisdiction and authority is fragmented, which impedes coordination and efficient decision-making in a holistic approach.
Currently, the Delhi Jal Board is in the process of installing a series of “interceptor sewers,” which, if successful, will serve as an important first step. The interceptors work by “catching” the polluted water in the sub-drain system and diverting it in pipes to a nearby sewage treatment plant, where it is then released back into the Najafgarh Drain as treated effluent. A future phase will intercept the sub-sub drains. Ultimately, this is an interim solution – eventually, when piped sewage infrastructure is installed in currently un-sewered areas, interceptor sewers will serve as trunk lines that transmit waste directly URISDICTIONAL the COMPLEXITY from buildings to treatment plants.
Electrical Infrastructure Private Utilities Roadways Public Works Department
Fragmentation and Landuse Management Transit Networks
Public Housing Delhi Development Authority
Delhi Transport Corporation
Sewers Delhi Jal Board
22
Drain Department of Irrigation and Flood Control
CURRENT SITUATION
1
2
12 13
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
14 15
National Capital Territory of Delhi
STATE LEVEL
DD
National Capital Territory of Delhi
9
1 16
3
17
WATER RESOURCES
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
5
2 11
6
DELHI
JAL BOARD
8
7
MINISTRY OF
24
ENVIRONMENT FORESTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE
4
PUBLIC + PRIVATE
3
MUNICIPAL LEVEL
18
23 20
19
Delhi Development A
MINISTRY OF
4
MINISTRY OF
10
25
YAMUNA ACTION PLAN
COORDINATING AGENCIES
21 22
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
23
However, the new system will also dramatically transform the function and character of the drains. With sewage diverted to piped infrastructure, the subdrains will no longer contribute to the consistent flow of the Najafgarh Drain. Instead, the sewage treatment plants will become new urban springs, feeding the Najafgarh, and by extension the Yamuna, with treated effluent. As for the sub-drains, they will revert to their natural function of handling stormwater. Many of them will be dry channels most of the year, though the annual monsoon and occasional major storm events will require them to be able to handle large volumes of water for short periods of time. With the interceptor sewer project redefining the drain’s water quality, there is the need to rethink the character of the Najafgarh Drain and all the drainage system. Once a Natural Tributary System, and today a system of Channelized Open Sewer, the future condition requires the definition of a new urban system.
Delhi Water Authority interceptors strategy in process
Interceptors strategy potentials 24
NTERCEPTOR INTERCEPTOR SEWER SEWER PHASING PHASING CURRENT SITUATION
STP
RCEPTOR INTERCEPTOR SEWER PROJECTS PROJECTS 0 Sewage 0 SEWER runs Sewage directly runs into directly the open into the open
drainage system, drainagepolluting system, the polluting Yamuna theand Yamuna its and its tributaries. tributaries.
STP
STP
STP
1 The1interceptor The interceptor sewer diverts sewer sewage diverts sewage from subdrains from subdrains to a treatment to a treatment plant (STP); plant (STP); treated effluent treatediseffluent released is back released into back the drain into the drain system. system.
STP
STP
VEL NOVEL HYDROLOGIES HYDROLOGIES – SEASONALLY – SEASONALLY DRY CHANNELS DRY CHANNELS 2 The2process Theisprocess repeated is repeated for the for the subdrains;subdrains; the interceptor the interceptor sewer system sewer now system now carries sewage carriesfrom sewage sub-subdrains from sub-subdrains to the STP, to the STP, bypassingbypassing the subdrain the entirely. subdrain entirely.
STP
3 Finally, 3 surrounding Finally, surrounding neighborhoods neighborhoods are are provided with provided pipedwith sewer piped infrastructure, sewer infrastructure, with with the interceptor the interceptor sewers now sewers serving now asserving trunk as trunk linkes to the linkes STP. to the STP.
STP
DRY SEASON DRY SEASON With sewage Withdiverted, sewage the diverted, the subdrainssubdrains will become willdry become corridors dry corridors that can that can accommodate accommodate slow mobility, slowurban mobility, ecologies, urban ecologies, public space, and occasional stormwater. public space, and occasional stormwater.
MONSOON/STORM MONSOON/STORM EVENTS EVENTS The subdrains The subdrains will mitigate willflooding, mitigatetransmit flooding,stormwater transmit stormwater directly todirectly the Najafgarh to the Najafgarh drain, anddrain, retainand a retain a portion in portion order toinrecharge waterthe table. order to the recharge water table. Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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06
Strategic Vision
We propose that the Yamuna River and its tributaries act as major structural elements of the Delhi metropolis. The Najafgarh is the primary East-West axis, a corridor that prioritizes public space, public facilities, urban ecologies and mobility as it flows across 58 kilometers of the National Capital Territory. The Najafgarh Drain is transformed from backyard to frontyard, orienting Delhi towards a water system whose health ultimately determines the prosperity and well-being of its inhabitants. The urban corridor consists of three primary layers: critical ecologies, slow mobility and public facilities. The Najafgarh Corridor integrates critical ecologies of the Delhi metropolis. At a regional scale, the corridor enables an urban-agricultural symbiosis, an infrastructural and entrepreneurial relationship between Delhi’s most urban regions and the agricultural crown. Within Delhi proper, the ecological network branches along former tributaries to include the Central Ridge Forest, sewage treatment wetland parks, recreational parks, city streets and solid waste management. The Corridor receives, exchanges, filters and processes this ecological matrix before emptying a clean and robust urban Delhi into the Yamuna floodplain.
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ICAL ECOLOGIES Critical Ecologies
+2 5 2
+2 4
+2 33
+2 16
+2
16
+2 1 8
+
+2 14
STRATEGIC VISION
2 km
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
27
The Najafgarh Corridor introduces a system of slow mobility that complements Delhi’s existing mobility network by establishing key intermodal crossings and providing public transportation to underserved neighborhoods. The profile of the Najafgarh is opened and made accessible to pedestrians, cyclists, boats and rickshaws for safe and intermodal movement across Delhi. The Najafgarh Corridor prioritizes public facilities as the cornerstone of a rapidly-developing metropolis whose citizens are tasked with the interpretation of a caste-stratified history in a globalizing society. Public facilities along the Corridor stimulate the transition from backyard to front, orienting existing neighborhoods and real-estate development towards the water.
The result of the transformation of the Najafgarh Drain, from a hidden open sewer to a healthy urbanity and ecology axis is a critical step in the recovery of the Yamuna River. But furthermore, it will help in addressing the most outrageous situations of inequality that start with access to healthy water and food, to education and to and health, and to freedom of movement and accessibility.
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Public Facilities
STRATEGIC VISION
Yamuna River Project Re-Centering Delhi Phase 2: Najafgarh Drain
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PILOT PROJECTS
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Implementation Proposals
Intermodel Node and Water Treatment Park at Inderlok, Sophie Mattinson
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Transversal Stitching and Civic Centers at Old Rohtak Road, Tianning Miao Intermodal Node and Sludge Treat/Disposal Park at Chhatrapati Shivaj, Joshua Aronson Transversal Stitching and Educational Facilities Ankur Enclave/Shaheen Bagh, Meng Huang Phanka Drain Public Spaces and Housing, Sosa Erhabor/Andrew Morrell
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Decentralized Systems at South East JJ Colony, Elizabeth Dorton/Lemara Miftakhova/Katie Salata Palam Drain Three Sectors at Dwarka/Mahavir Salvatrice Aul, Laurence Holland, Audrey Hughes
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Najafgarh Agricultural Parks Fiorella Barreto/Aleksander De Mott
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Green Infrastructure and the Najafghar Lake Recovery, July Qiu
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Readings for Debate and Other Bibliography Main readings/ Complimentary Readings
1. The project of the city Aureli; Means to an End: The Rise and Fall of the Architectural Project of the City (article) Alday/Jover; Urban Uncertainty (article)
2. The role of the project Vigano; Territories of Urbanism (introduction) Alday; Notes about the Education of the Next Architects (article)
3. Education and impact Steiner; Universitas Meyer; Sustaining Beauty (article)
4. Knowledge through design Sennett; The Craftsman (introduction) Jover; Lanscape Substance of Memory and Future (article)
5. Public infrastructure Cuff; Working Public Architecture (article) Shannon; From Theory to Resistance: Landscape Urbanism Reader
6. Delhi, the Yamuna and intellectual activism Dasgupta; Capital (book) Alday; Muddy Hands (article)
Other Bibliography Acciavatti, Anthony; Ganges Water Machine, AR+D Busquets, Joan; Barcelona Metropolis Chillida. Eduardo; Leku, Fundació “la Caixa” Correa, Felipe; Mexico City: Between Geometry and Geography AR+D Delhi Development Authority; Delhi Master Plan 2021 Guallart, Vicente; Plans and Projects for Barcelona 2011-2015 Mehta, Suketu; Maximum City Oteiza, Jorge; Proposito Experimental, Fundacion La Caixa Prominski, Martin, et al.; River. Space. Design. Re-Centering Delhi Studio Publications, Spring/Fall 2014 Re-Centering Delhi Exhibition Catalog, November 2014 32
READINGS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
Google Maps iPhone Image Captured on August 24, 2016
Google Earth Image Captured on August 24, 2016
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Final Review and Discussion
External Guests Lluis Alexandre Casanovas Keshav Chandra Tim Christ Felipe Correa Russ Katz
After Belonging Agency, Princeton PhD Candidate CEO Delhi Water Authority (DJB), Delhi Project Operations Director, BuroHappold Engineering, NYC Associate Professor Harvard GSD, Boston. Principal, Somatic Collaborative MOMI, Washington DC
School of Architecture Ila Berman Robin Dripps Guoping Huang Margarita Jover Luis Pancorbo Jeana Ripple Alex Wall
Dean and Elson Professor of Architecture (1) Fitz-Gibbon Professor of Architecture (2) Professor of Urban and Environmental Planning (1) Professor of Practice of Architecture (1) Assistant Professor of Architecture (2) Assistant Professor of Architecture (2) Professor of Practice of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (2)
University of Virginia Ian Baucom John Echeverri-Gent Dan Enhborn Jeff Legro Winston Lung Christian McMillen Bala Mulloth Brian Owensby Matt Reidenbach
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Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences Politics Art History Politics and Vice Provost for Global Affairs Engineering History Batten School of Leadership Director, Center for Global Inquiry and Innovation Environmental Sciences
GUEST CRITICS AND SCHEDULE
Schedule Morning Team presentation of context, problem frame and strategic plan proposals July Qiu Joshua Aronson Sophie Mattinson Meng Huang Tianning Miao
Green Infrastructure and the Najafghar Lake Recovery Intermodal Nodes and Water/Sludge Treatment and Disposal Parks at Chhatrapati Shivaj/Ring Road and Inderlok Transversal Stitching at Ankur Enclave/Shaheen Bagh and Old Rohtak Road
Afternoon Fiorella Barreto Aleksander De Mott Sosa Erhabor Andrew Morrell Elizabeth Dorton Lemara Miftakhova Katie Salata Salvatrice Aul Laurence Holland Audrey Hughes
Najafgarh Agricultural Parks Phanka Drain Public Spaces and Housing Decentralized Urban Systems at South East JJ Colony
Palam Drain Three Sectors at Dwarka/Mahavir
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