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pmrsufESm - 15 odkh á
2
Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
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3
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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4
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
travels & tours jrefrmEkdifiH\ c&D;oGm;vkyfief;ododomomBuD;xGm;vm jrefrmEdkifiH\ c&D;oGm;vkyf ief;u@onf 2010 jynfhESpf ygwDpt kH axGaxGa&G;aumufyv JG eG f umvtwGi;f Bu;D xGm;vmaMumif; atyDowif;Xmeu azmfjyxm; onf/ tqdkygazmfjycsuft& c&D; oGm;vkyfief;\tcef;u@onf jrefrmEkdifiH\ zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrIt wGuf odomxif&Sm;onfhtusKd;
jzpfxGef;rIrsm;udk azmfaqmifEkdif rnfjzpfaMumif;? Ekid if jH cm;c&D;onf rsm;0ifa&mufrjI rifw h ufvmjcif;rS wpfqifh Ekid if jH cm;0ifaiG&&Srd yI rkd jkd rifh rm;vmNy;D Ekid if u H ykd rkd zkd UHG NzKd ;wd;k wuf aprnfjzpfaMumif;? EkdifiHydkif[dk w,frsm;ESihf c&D;oGm;u@qdik &f m tjcm;vkyif ef;tcsKUd udk yk*v ¾ u d odYk vTJajymif;vkyfudkifapcJhaMumif;? urÇ m vS n f h c &D ; onf t rsm;pk u
vnf; jrefrmEkdifiHodkY oGm;a&muf vnfywfjcif;jzifh pdwfzdpD;rIrsm; ajyaysmufap&ef tyef;ajzavh&Sd aMumif;? tif;av;a&jyifus,Bf u;D ESifh &Srf;½dk;rawmifwef;BuD;yg0if onfh ½Icif;tvSukd "mwfy½kH u kd v f dk onfh Ekid if jH cm;om;ydrk rkd sm;jym;vm aMumif; od&onf/ tm&Sa'oodkY c&D;pOfrsm; pDpOfay;vsuf&Sdaom tar&duef
jynfaxmifpk? aumfvdk&m'dkjynf e,ftajcpdu k f Asia Transpacific Journey \tqdkt& NyD;cJhonfh 2010 jynfhESpf? Edk0ifbmrSpí jrefrmEkdifiHodkY oGm;a&mufvnf ywf&ef BudKwifpm&if;ay;rIrsm; onf 2009 ckESpfESifh EIdif;,SOfyg u &mcdkifEIef; 150 jrifhwufcJh aMumif; od&onf/ rdk;oufudk Ref;AP News
c&D;oGm;vkyfief;jr§ifUwifa&; jrefrm-uarÇm'D;,m;yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufrnf jrefrm-uarÇm'D;,m;ESpEf idk if H c&D;oGm; vkyif ef;jri§ w hf ifa&;ESihf ESpEf idk if t H Mum; wku d f ½dkufavaMumif;vkdif;ajy;qJGa&;twGuf oabmwlnDrI&&dScJhaMumif; od&onf/ tqdkygtpDtpOft& uarÇm'D;,m; Ekid if ?H c&D;oGm;u@qdik &f m xdyw f ef;t&m &dBS u;D rsm;onf [kw d ,fEiS chf &D;oGm;vma&; 0efBuD;XmeESifh ydkYaqmifa&;0efBuD;XmewkdY OD;aqmifonfh jrefrmud, k pf m;vS,t f zGUJ ESihf awGUqHak qG;aEG;cJah Mumif;? aqG;aEG;rI&v'f rsm;udk tjynft h pHx k w k jf yefaMunmjcif;r&dS aomfvnf; uarÇm'D;,m;EkdifiH? Siem Reap ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH yk*H? rEÅav;NrdKU tMum; wkduf½dkufavaMumif;vkdif;wpfck ajy;qJGa&;yg0ifaMumif;? tqdkyg Siem Reap-yk*H-rEÅav; avaMumif;c&D;pOf onf NyD;cJhonfhEkd0ifbmtwGif;usif;ycJh onfh pwkw¬tBudrfajrmuf {&m0wDausmufz,m;-rJacgifpD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif; aqmif & G u f r I r [mAsL[m (ACMECS) xdyo f ;D tpnf;ta0;ESihf yOörtBurd f CLMV xdyo f ;D tpnf;ta0;nd§EIdif;aqG;aEG;rIrsm; rSjrpfzsm;cHvmonfh pDrHudef;wpfckjzpfum a'owGi;f c&D;oGm;vkyif ef;jri§ w hf ifru I kd &nf
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,Of,OfvS (pkpnf;wifjyonf) Asia Masters
udk,fydkifvkyfief;oifwef;rsm;zGifUvSpf jrefrmEkid if q H idk &f mvkyif ef;&Sirf sm;toif; (&efuek Zf ek )f ESihf NAw d ed f EkdifiH Confederation of Tourism and Hospitality (CTH) tod trSwjf yK Asia Masters [dw k ,fEiS Ehf idk if jH cm;bmompum;oifwef; ausmif;rS udk,fydkifvkyfief;i,fvkyfvdkolrsm;twGuf oifwef;rsm; zGifhvSpfay;aeaMumif; od&onf/ pmzkrd LS ;oifwef;? rkezYf w k o f ifwef;? bm;0efxrf;oifwef;? pm;yGJ xd;k oifwef;? tdycf ef;aqmifxed ;f oifwef;? {nfBh uKd EiS hf av,mOfr,f oifwef;? tJ,m;uGef;uRrf;usifoifwef;? ta&mif;0efxrf;oif wef;rsm;ukd zGiv hf pS o f ifMum;ay;onf/ xkjYd yif t*Fvyd b f mompum;? *syefbmompum;? w½kwb f mompum;rsm;udv k nf; zGiv hf pS x f m; onft h jyif uGeyf sLwmESihf tifwmeufoifwef;rsm;udv k nf; zGiv hf pS f oifMum;ay;aMumif;od&onf/ txl;tpDtpOfjzifh CTH Hotel Managemant Diploma oifwef;wufa&mufor l sm;udk tpDtpOf taejzifh t*Fvdyf^ w½kwfbmompum;? uGefysLwmESifh tifwm eufoifwef;? udk,fum,tvSoifwef;? ,leDazmif;wpfpHkESifh &efukefNrdKU&dS[dkw,fBuD;rsm;odkYvnf; avhvma&;c&D;rsm;udk tcrJh aqmif&Guf0efaqmifrIay;aMumif; od&onf/ Golden Star
aiGaqmifurf;ajcodkh aeYpOfajy;qGJ&efpDpOf &G,faMumif;? ESpfEkdifiHwkduf½dkufavaMumif; quf o G , f r I u d k ES p f E k d i f i H 0 ef B uD ; csKyf r sm;u oabmwlcJhum ADZmuif;vGwfcGifhqkdif&myl; aygif;aqmif&u G rf rI sm;udk 2007 ckEpS rf pS wify;l aygif;aqmif&GufcJhaMumif;? Siem Reap rS jrefrmEkdifiHodkYvma&mufonfh c&D;oGm;{nfh onfrsm;jym;vmap&ef&nf&G,faMumif; od& onf/ jrefrmESifhuarÇm'D;,m;EkdifiHrsm;onf c&D;oGm;vkyfief;? avaMumif;0efaqmifrIESifh yk*HESifh Siem Reap wkdYtMum; sister cities
wnfaxmifrIqkdif&moabmwlnDcsufoHk; &yfudk 1996 ckESpf? atmufwkdbmwGif vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhaMumif;? avaMumif; oGm;vma&;yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrIudkvnf; vmtdk? AD,uferfEkdifiHrsm;ESifhtwl 1995 ckEpS w f iG f vufrw S af &;xk;d cJah Mumif;? Siem Reap odkY ESpfpOf urÇmwpf0ef;vHk;rS c&D; onf 5ç00ç000 cef Y v ma&muf a vh & d S aMumif; od&onf/ NzdK;armifarmif Ref;People Daily
a&Tpufawmfb&k m;yGJ c&D;oGm;enf;Edik f jrefrmEkid if \ H txifu&jzpfonfh a&Tpufawmfb&k m;yGaJ wmfziG yhf u JG kd azazmf0g&D 8 &ufwGif usif;yrnfjzpf&m zGifhyGJodkYbk&m;zl;c&D;onfrsm; oGm;a&mufrIrSm ,cifESpfuxuf avsmhenf;EkdifaMumif; jynfwGif;c&D; oGm;vkyif ef;rsm;rSo&d onf/ ]]'DESpf a&TpufawmfyGJawmfzGifhyGJu Mum;&ufxJrSm jzpfaew,f/ pmar;yGaJ wGev YJ nf;eD;aeawmh t&ifEpS u f xuf c&D;oGm;enf;Edik yf gw,f}} [k pdef0if;ESifha&mif;&if;rsm; c&D;oGm;vkyfief;wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ajym onf/ ]]tck c&D;oGm;Muw,fqw dk m t&ifvkd vufrw S u f Bkd uKd 0,fMuwm
r[kwb f J oGm;cgeD;rSuyf0,fwmrsm;awmh rSe;f &cufygw,f/ tcktxd awmh vufrSwfodyfra&mif;&ao;bl;}}[k jynfwGif;c&D;pOfydkYaqmifa&; vkyfief;wpfcku ajymMum;onf/ c&D;pOfEIef;xm;rsm;rSmrl ,cifESpfESifh EIid ;f pmvQif odoo d momajymif;vJrrI &Sb d J wd;k csUJ c&D;pOfay:rlwnfí usyf 35ç000 ESifhtxufom&SdaMumif; od&onf/ ESpfpOf wydkYwGJvqef; 8 &ufüusif;yNrJjzpfaom a&Tpufawmf bk&m;yGJawmfzGifhyGJonf jynfwGif;c&D;oGm;{nfhonfrsm; oGm;vmrIrsm; jym;onfh c&D;pOfjzpfonf/ cifEG,f0if;
Gloden Star rS aiGaqmifurf;ajcodYk aeYpOfajy;qJ& G ef pDpOfae aMumif;? tqdkygajy;qJGrIudk ,ckvukefydkif;wGif pwifajy;qJGrnf jzpfaMumif;od&onf/ ]],ckaiGaqmifudk aeYpOfajy;qJGzkdY toif;eJY nd§EIdif;aeygw,f/ Final Stage udk a&mufaeNyD}}[k tyef;ajzc&D; oGm;vkyif ef;rS wm0ef&o Sd w l pfO;D uqko d nf/ ,ckuJhodkY ajy;qJG&jcif;rSmvnf; jynfwGif;bk&m;zl;taejzifh 2011 ckEpS w f iG f aiGaqmif? acsmif;om? usKu d x f ;D ½d;k rsm;odYk trsm;qH;k oGm;a&mufcahJ Mumif;? xdaYk Mumifw h ;dk csUJ ajy;qJ&G jcif;jzpf aMumif;od& onf/ Golden Star taejzifh acsmif;omc&D;pOf? usKu d x f ;D ½d;k aeYpOf c&D;pOfrsm;udv k nf; aqmif&u G af y;onft h jyif c&D;pOftopfrsm;udk vnf; oD;oefY0efaqmifrIay;aMumif; od&onf/
OD;ydefwHwm;odkhvma&mufvnfywfonfU urÇmvSnfUc&D;onf aehpOf 300 ausmf&Sd
jynfwGif;c&D;pOftjyif pif;vHk;iSm;0efaqmifysHoef;rIrsm;udk Asian Wings jynfwiG ;f c&D;pOfrsm;yso H ef;rI tjyif pif;vH;k iSm;0efaqmifyso H ef; rIrsm;udk yk*v ¾ u d avaMumif;vkid ;f opf Asian Wings uajy;qJGrnf jzpfaMumif;aMunmcJhonf/ tqdyk gtpDtpOft& Asian Wings avaMumif;vkdif;\ 0ef aqmifyso H ef;rIrsm;udk Zefe0g&D 27 &ufü pwifjyKvkyfcJhaMumif;? c&D; pOf 11 ckyso H ef;ay;rnfh jynfwiG ;f avaMumif;c&D;pOfrsm;udk vl 70 qH h TR 72-500 av,mOf E S p f pif;jzifhajy;qJGvsuf&SdaMumif;? xkd avaMumif;vkid ;f onf Ekid if w H um c&D;pOfrsm;udv k nf;pDpOfaeaMumif;
avaMumif;vkdif;ajy;qJGrnf wdkYonf jrefrmEkdifiHüajy;qJGae onfh jynfwGif;avaMumif;vkdif; oHk;ckjzpfaMumif;? &efukefNrdKUodkY ysHoef;vsuf&dSonfh jynfyav aMumif;vkdif; 13 vkdif;wGif Air China Southern Airline, Thai Airways International, Indian Airlines, Quatar Airways, Silk Air, Malaysian Airlines, Bangkok Airways, Mandarin, Jetstar Asia, Phuket Airlines,
od&onf/ vuf&t Sd csed w f iG t f jynfjynf qdik &f m jrefrmhavaMumif; (MAI) onf jrefrmEkdifiH\ wpfckwnf;
aom Ekid if w H umavaMumif;vkid ;f tjzpf&yfwnfvsuf&dSNyD; EdkifiHydkif Myanmar Airways? yk*v ¾ u d ydik f Air Mandalay ESifh Air Bagan
Thai Air Asia ESifh Vietnam Airlines
wkdYyg0ifaMumif;od&onf/ rdk;oufudk Ref;New Kerala.com
Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
rEÅav;NrKd UodYk vma&mufvnfywfonfh urÇmvSnchf &D; onfrsm;onf NrdKUwGif;avhvmrI (Sightseeing) tjyifNrdKU ESifh eD;uyfpGmwnf&adS om tif;0? ppfuikd ;f ? rif;uGef;a'o rsm;ESihf tr&yl&NrKd Ue,ftwGi;f &Sd OD;ydew f w H m;odv Yk ma&muf vnfywfrrI sm;jym;vmNy;D aeYpOf{nfo h nf 300 ausmf vm a&mufaMumif;? naeydkif;xuf eHeufydkif;üvma&mufol ykrd rkd sm;jym;aMumif;? FIT xuftyk pf v k u dk v f m a&mufryI rkd sm; aMumif;? eHeufyikd ;f wGif vma&mufvnfywfaom {nfo h nf rsm;u OD;ydefwHwm;ü wpfem&DcefYomvnfywfNyD; r[m *E¨m½Hak usmif;wku d o f Ykd eHeuf 11 em&D aeYqrG ;f pm;trD oGm; a&mufavhvmMunh½f aI vh&adS Mumif;? OD;ydew f w H m;wGi&f adS om ausmufprd ;f xnfrsm;? vufryI pön;f a&mif;csorl sm; ,ck&uf ydkif;twGif; ydkrdkta&mif;oGufaeaMumif; {nfhvrf;ñTef wpfO;D u ajymMum;onf/ rif;okw
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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INTERNATIONAL NEWS or®wtdkbm;rm; 0pöuGef;qif;odkhc&D;xGuf axmufcHrIjyefvnf&&Sd&ef BudK;pm;jcif;jzpf or®wtkdbm;rm;onf 2008 ckEpS af &G;aumufyw JG iG f vG,u f pl mG tEkid f &&SdcJhaom 0pöuGef;qif;jynfe,fodkY Ak'[ ¨ ;l aeYwiG o f mG ;a&mufNy;D a'ocHrsm; \axmufcHrIjyefvnf&&Sd&efBudK;pm; aMumif;od&onf/ tk&d &D eG pf rG ;f tifurk P Ü o D Ykd a&muf&dS pOf tkdbm;rm;u ]]'DtcsdefrSm pdefac: rItopfawGay:aew,f/ tar&duef jynfaxmifp[ k m urÇmwpf0ef;rSm&Sw d hJ Ekid if aH wG&UJ ,SONf yKd irf u I kd t&ifuxufykd NyD;&ifqkdifae&w,f/ uRefawmfwkdYeJY twltm;vH;k yg0ifzv dYk w kd ,f/ tem*wf
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xkwfvkyfa&;puf½HkwpfckodkY quf vufoGm;a&mufcJhonf/ or®wtkdbm;rm;onf tar&d uefjynforl sm;udk pnf;½H;k &eftwGuf aemufvwGifa'otrsm;tjym;odkY c&D;xGufNyD; rdefYcGef;ajymvdrfhrnfjzpf aMumif; tpdk;&t&m&Sdrsm;uajymcJh onf/ or®wtdkbm;rm;onf jynf axmif p k t ajcjyrd e f Y c G e f ; ajymNyD ; aemuf c&D;rsm;pGmoGm;&efpDpOfxm;NyD; xdkc&D;rsm;onfwpfrlxl;jcm;aMumif; od&onf/
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
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10
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START-2
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Ref ; commodityonline.com
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around myanmar
15
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armfuRef;pd;k jrifU um;oH k ; pG J o l y rmPrS m wpf v xufwpfv wpfESpfxufwpfESpf ododomom wdk;yGm;aernfjzpf aMumif; od&onf/ pepfig;rsdK; ,mOfwdkufrIESifh,mOfwdrf; arSmufrI rjzpfa&;twGuf ouf qdkif&mwdkYu BudK;yrf;vsuf&Sd&m aejynfawmf-&efukefvrf;rBuD; ESifh aejynfawmf-rEÅav;vrf;r Bu;D wGif Ekid if w H umtqifrh D FIVE G v f suf E SYSTEM jzifh aqmif&u &SdaMumif; od&onf/ ,if;wdkYrSm- Education System (tod ynmay;pepf) - Engineering System (tif*sief , D menf;pepf) - Enforcement System (ppfaq;ta&;,laqmif&Gufjcif; enf;pepf) - Environment System (ywf0ef;usiftajctaeqdkif&m rsm;xdef;odrf;jcif;pepf) ESifh - Emergency Medical Service System (ta&;ay:aq; bufqdkif&m0efaqmifjcif;pepf) wdkYjzpfaMumif; od&onf/ ,mOfwdkufrIESifh,mOfwdrf; arSmufro I nf tmqD,aH 'owGi;f ü Ncrd ;f ajcmufaeouJo h Ykd jrefrmEkid if H wGifvnf; Ncdrf;ajcmufvsuf&Sd&m oufqikd &f mtzGUJ tpnf;rsm;? Xme qdik &f mrsm;? ,mOfyikd &f iS rf sm;? ,mOf armif;rsm;? ,mOfaemufvdkufrsm; ESifh c&D;oGm;jynfolrsm;u tod owdjzifh pkaygif;BuKd wifumuG,f &ef vdktyfaMumif; wifjyvdkuf& ayonf/
A[ef;a&T8HkwdkifrD;yGdKifU ,mOfav;pD;csdwfrdNyD; plygyg0gta&mif;jycef;xJ0ifwkdufrI ,mOfarmif;tm;zrf;qD;ta&;,lxm; aq;½HkwufukocHol 10 OD;teuf ckepfOD;aq;½HkrSqif;oGm;NyD; oHk;OD;qufvufaq;ukocH,lqJ tcef;axmifq h ;kH ckwifab;u pm;yGaJ y:rSm a&wpfb;l ESiahf uGum xkyftenf;i,f? ckwifxufrSm awmh vli,fwpfO;D apmifyg;av; wpfxnf vTr;f NcKH Ny;D vJavsmif; vsu&f o dS nf/ ckwifay:uvli,f rSmawmh ESmacgif;wGif ydkufwef; vef;? acgif;wGif ywfw;D tjynfEh iS hf tenf;i,frQvyI &f mS ;jcif;r&S/d tqdkygjrifuGif;rSm &efukef aq;½HBk u;D OD;aESmufEiS hf tm½Hak Mum ukoaqmifay:rSjrifuiG ;f jzpfonf/ ckwifxufrS vli,fav;\trnf u aevif;/ Zefe0g&D 24 &ufu a&T*w kH ikd rf ;D yGKd iw hf iG f jzpfymG ;cJo h nfh ,mOfqihu f w J u dk rf jI zpfpOfwiG f 'Pf &m&&Scd NhJ y;D ukorIcH,lae&oljzpf onf/ olESifhtwl ,mOfwkdufrI wGifxdcdkuf'Pf&m&&SdcJhonfh vl 10 OD;teuf ckepfOD;rSm aq;½HkrS qif;oGm;cJhMuNyDjzpfNyD; usefESpfOD; rSmrl aq;½HkBuD;taqmif 5? 6
wGif qufvufNyD; aq;ukorIcH ,laeMu&qJjzpfonf/ 'Pf&m&olrsm;teuf armif aevif;u tjyif;xefqHk;'Pf&m &&Sdoltjzpf owfrSwfcH&oljzpf onf/ ,mOfwu dk rf jI zpfNy;D Ny;D csi;f yif pdk;&drf&oltjzpf owfrSwfcH&NyD; owdvpfarYajrmaeonfrmS vnf; 25 em&DausmMf umjrifch NhJ yjD zpfonf/ armifaevif; (17ESp)f onf xdak eYu olUtvkyw f nf&&dS mawmif Ouúvmy 16 auGU&Sd pufo;kH qDt a&mif;qkid o f t Ykd oGm; ,ckvjkd zpf&yf qdk;ESifh BuHKawGUcJh&jcif;jzpfonf/ xkdaeYuvnf; tvkyfokdYoGm;&ef tdrfrS vdkif;um;jzifhxGufvmcJh onf/ a&T*w kH ikd rf ;D yGKd it hf a&mufwiG f olwkdYum;acwå&yfxm;í rD;yGdKifh udak i;aepOf ]0ke;f }qko d nft h oHom Mum;vku d &f Ny;D oluawmh vGihpf Of um owdvpfarhajrmoGm;awmh onf/
Zefe0g&D 24 &uf a&T*Hkwdkif rD;yGdKifhwGif jzpfyGm;cJhonfh ,mOf wku d rf aI Mumifh armifaevif;tyg t0if pkpkaygif; vl 10 OD;xdcdkuf 'Pf&m&&SdcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ jzpf yGm;yHrk mS b&dwaf ygufaeonfh bD trf,mOfonf rD;yGdKifhrdaepOf t &Sdefrxdef;EdkifbJ rD;eD&yfxm;onfh ,mOfav;pD;udkqifhNyD; wkdufoGm; jcif;jzpfonf/ xdkbDtrf,mOfrSm ,mOfav;pD;udk csw d q f w JG u dk ½f w kH if ru yvufazmif;udyk gausmw f uf um ab;&Sd Super Power rD;qkid ;f ESirhf ;D tvSqifypön;f rsm;ta&mif; jycef;twGi;f 0ifa&mufomG ;cJo h nf/ ]]EkdifiHjcm;Zmwfum;xJuvdk ygyJ/ um;av;pD;udkcsddwfwkdufNyD; wpfayavmufjrifw h hJ yvufazmif; ay:ausmw f uf? qGcJ sow H cH g;ydwf xm;wJh qkdifxJacgif;0ifoGm;wm/ um;wpf0ufavmuftxd qkid x f J a&mufoGm;w,f}}[k ,mOfwkduf
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
qD;ta&;,lcHxm;&vsuf xkdo wif;oGm;,l&onfh owif;axmuf ud, k w f idk u f awmh wpfem&D rkid f 40 EIef;avmufjzifh tjyif;armif;ESif aeonfh tjcm;bDbrf,mOfwpfp;D udk pD;ESifae&qJjzpfonf/ 2010 jynhfESpftwGif; &ef ukew f idk ;f a'oBu;D twGi;f rxo (A[d)k pDrrH aI tmuf&, dS mOfvikd ;f 17 vdik ;f rS ,mOfwu dk rf I 325 Burd jf zpf yGm;cJNh y;D ,mOfwu dk rf aI Mumifh 'Pf &m&ol 819 OD;ESifh aoqHk;ol 115 OD;&SdaMumif; od&onf/ &ef ukew f idk ;f a'oBu;D twGi;f rxo (A[k)d pDrrH aI tmuf&dS ,mOfvikd ;f 17 vdik ;f wGif ,mOfp;D a& 2ç500 ausmf &SdaMumif; od&onf/ a&T * H k w k d i f u ,mOf w k d u f r I aMumifh ysufpD;rIrsm; &SdcJhonf/ Super Power ta&mif;jycef;u awmh aemufwpf&uf Zefe0g&D 25 &ufwiG f taumif;yuwdtwkid ;f
jyefvnfziG v hf pS Ef idk af eNyjD zpfonf/ aq;½Hak y:rSm owd&wpfcsuf r& wpfcsujf zpfaeonfh armifaevif; \ rdcifuawmh ckwifay:&Sdom; udk rnfokdYulnDay;&OD;rnfrod/ vwfwavmtxd olrodxm; onfu pdk;&drf&qJqdkonfh pum; wpfceG ;f om/ xkt Yd wGuf pd;k &draf e &ovdk armifaevif;\tvkyfrS tvkyt f wGuyf gpum;ajymEkid &f ef vmcJhyg[k zkef;qufxm;ojzifh om;jzpfou l se;f rma&;jyefaumif; vmcsdefwGif tvkyfrSqufvkyf &yghOD;rvm;qkdonfh pkd;&drfpdwfudk vnf; 0SufuG,frxm;EkdifyJ EIwf rSxkwfajymvm&onf/ vwfw avm olUtaejzifh vkyfay;Ekdif onfu a&qmaeonfhom;udk a&cGUH wku d af y;ae½ko H m/ &efukefNrdKUawmfu um;awG uawmh aq;½Hkay:utjzpfrsm; udk Oayu©mjyKvsuf/ aerif;cefh
16
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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18
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of invention)
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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vTwfawmftaMumif; odvdkvQif . . . vTwfawmfEkdifiHa&;onf Zefe0g&D 31 &ufrpS wifí ouf0ifvyI &f mS ;awmh rnfjzpfonf/ vTwfawmfonf wpfEkdifiHvHk;&Sd jynfolrsm;? rJqE´&Sifrsm;? a&G;aumuf yG J t Ed k i f & onf h ud k , f p m;vS , f r sm;? a&G;aumufy0JG ifonfh ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm; arQmv f ifph w d 0f ifpm;&mEkid if t hH a&;txGwf txdyjf zpfonf/ vTwaf wmftoH vT w f a wmf t oH ? vT w f a wmf tajym? vTwfawmftqHk;tjzwfonf 'Dru kd a&pDenf;vrf;wusjynfot l rsm; udk udk,fpm;jyKxif[yfonf/ tajymif;tvJ jynfot l rsm;arQmv f ifah eMuonfh EdkifiHa&;?pD;yGm;a&;?vlrIa&;?EdkifiHwum qufqHa&;ponfh tajymif;tvJrSef orQonfvw T af wmfü t"durlwnfae onf/ odjYk zpfí vTwaf wmfonfjynfol trsm;\ arQmfvifh&m? tm;xm;&m? rScD &kd mjzpfonf/ vTwaf wmftaMumif; vTwfawmftaMumif;udkjynfol trsm;pdwf0ifpm;odvdkMuonf/ vTwf awmftaMumif;odvdkvQif- jynfaxmifpkor®wjrefrmEdkifiH awmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' (2008 ckESpf) pmtkyf? - jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfqdkif&m Oya'ESifh jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfqdkif &menf;Oya'rsm;pmtky?f - jynfolYvTwfawmfqdkif&mOya' ESijhf ynfov Yl w T af wmfqikd &f menf;Oya' rsm;pmtkyf? - trsKd ; om;vT w f a wmf q d k i f & m Oya'ESifh trsKd;om;vTwfawmfqdkif&m enf;Oya'rsm;pmtky?f - wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwjf ynfe,f vTwfawmfqdkif&mOya'ESifh wdkif;a'o Bu;D odrYk [kwjf ynfe,fvw T af wmfqikd &f m enf;Oya'rsm;pmtkyfrsm;wGif tao; pdwzf wf½aI vhvmEdik yf gonf/
Ekid if t UH a&; tqdkyg pmtkyfig;tkyfonf tpOftNrJvuf 0,fxm;&Szd wf½aI eMu&rnfph mtkyrf sm;jzpfonf/ tqdyk gpmtkyrf sm;wGiaf zmfjyxm;onft h aMumif; t&mESit hf csut f vufrsm;udk rnfrQtaumift xnfazmfEidk rf u I akd vhvmqef;ppfaeMu&rnfjzpf onf/ EkdifiHhta&;onf EkdifiHom;wdkif;ESifhouf qdkifNyD;EkdifiHom;wdkif;wGifvnf; wm0ef&Sdonf/ Oya'jyKpm&if; vTwfawmfuOya'jyKcGifh&Sdonfh Oya'jyK pm&if;yg udp&ö yfrsm;ESiphf yfvsO;f í Z,m; 1 jynf axmifpkOya'jyKpm&if; (yk'fr 96 udk &nfñTef; onf) wGif azmfjyxm;onf/ tqdkygOya'jyKpm&if;wGif-Ekid if aH wmfumuG,af &;ESihf vHNk cKH a&;u@? -EkdifiHjcm;a&;u@? -b@ma&;ESifhpDrHudef;u@? -pD;yGm;a&;u@? -pdkufysKd;a&;ESifh arG;jrLa&;u@? -pGr;f tif? vQypf pf? owåKEiS o hf pfawmu@? -pufrIvufrIu@? -ydaYk qmifa&;?qufo, G af &;ESiahf qmufvyk f a&;u@? -vlrIa&;u@? -pDrcH efcY aGJ &;u@? -w&m;pD&ifa&;u@wku Yd ckd jGJ cm;azmfjyxm; onf/ tqdkygtcsuftvufrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;í tao;pdwo f v d ydk gu jynfaxmifpo k r®wjrefrm EkdifiHawmfzGJUpnf; yHktajccHOya' (2008) ckESpf jynfaxmifpkOya'jyKpm&if;wGif tao;pdwf
zwf½aI vhvmEkid yf gonf/ b@ma&;ESiUf pDru H ed ;f b@ma&;ESifh pDrHudef; u@wGiOf ya'jyKa&; ESiphf yfvsO;f í -jynf axmifpt k &toH;k cefrY eS ;f ajcaiGpm&if;? -jynf a xmif p k b@m&efyHkaiG? -aiGpuúLxkwfvkyfa&;? '*Fg;oGe;f vkyaf &;? -jrefrmEkdifiHawmfA[dkbPfESifhaiG a&;aMu;a&;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;? -Ekid if jH cm;oH;k aiGxed ;f odr;f Bu;D Muyf a&;? -t&if;tES;D ESiahf iGaMu;aps;uGu?f -tmrcHvyk if ef;? -0ifaiGceG ?f -ukeo f , G v f yk if ef;cGe?f -wHqyd af cgif;cGe?f -taumufcGef? -atmifbmavxD? -tcGet f ,lcjH cif;? -jynfaxmifpk\0efaqmifrIvkyf ief;rsm;? -jynfaxmifpyk ikd yf pön;f rsm;a&mif; csjcif;? iSm;&rf;jcif;ESifhtjcm;enf;jzifh aqmif&Gufjcif;? -jynfaxmifpkb@m&efyHkaiGrsm; xkwfacs;jcif;? -jynfaxmifpkb@m&efyHkaiGrsm; &if;ES;D jrK§ yEf jHS cif;? -jynfwGif;jynfyrS aiGacs;,ljcif;? -jynfaxmifpktwGufypönf;&,l jcif;? -jynfyrS aiGaMu;tultnDESifh taxmuftyHw h yYdk g0ifaMumif; avhvm awGU&dS&onf/ vTwfawmf\wm0efESifh vkyfief;rSmrsm;jym;vSonf/ vTwfawmf \aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;udktrsm;jynf olupdw0f ifwpm;apmifah rQmv f su&f MSd u aMumif;wifjyvkduf&ayonf/ jrefrmydkhpf
wdik ;f a'oBu;D wGif wdik ;f a'o BuD ; w&m;vT w f a wmf u d k v nf ; aumif;? jynfe,fwGif jynfe,f w&m;vTwfawmfudkvnf;aumif; xm;&SdaMumif; od&onf/ «jynf axmifpkor®w jrefrmEkdifiHawmfzGJU pnf;yHt k ajccHOya' (2008 ckEpS )f ? yk'fr 305 » pD&ifyikd cf iG Uf wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwfjynf e,fw&m;vTwaf wmfrsm;wGif Oya' ESifhtnD w&m;pD&ifydkifcGifhrsm;&Sd aMumif;? ,if;wdkYrSm rlvrIudkpD&if jcif;? t,lcrH u I kd pD&ifjcif;? jyifqif rIupkd &D ifjcif;? Oya'wpf &yf&yft& owfrSwfxm;aom udpö&yfrsm;udk pD&ifjcif;wdjYk zpf aMumif; od&onf/ «yk'fr 306 (u)? (c)? (*)? (C)» rEÅav;wdkif;a'oBuD; w&m;pD & if a &;qd k i f & mud p ö tvd k Y i S m rEÅ a v;wd k i f ; a'oBuD ; w&m;vT w f a wmf o nf aejynf awmf t wG i f ; &S d w&m;½H k ; rsm;\ w&m;vTwfawmfjzpfaMumif; od& onf/ «yk'fr 307 (u)» jynfaxmifpke,fajr wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynf e,f t wG i f ; &S d a'owpf c k c k u d k jynfaxmifpke,fajrtjzpf owf rSwfvQif w&m;pD&ifa&;qdkif&m udpötvdkYiSm oufqdkif&mwdkif;a' oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m; vTwfawmfonf ,if;jynfaxmif pke,fajrtwGif;&Sd w&m;½Hk;rsm;\ w&m;vTwfawmfjzpfaMumif; od& onf/ « yk'fr 307(c)» cefhtyfjcif; wdkif;a'oBuD; w&m;vTwf awmforYkd [kwjf ynfe,fw&m;vTwf awmfw&m;olBuD;csKyfESifh w&m; olBuD;rsm;cefYtyfjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf; owfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;&Sdonf/ wd k i f ; a'oBuD ; w&m;vT w f
awmf o d k Y r [k w f jynf e ,f w &m; vTwfawmf\ tBuD;trSL;udk wdkif; a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfw&m; olBuD;csKyfodkYr[kwfjynfe,fw&m; vTwfawmfw&m;olBuD;csKyf[kac: &rnfjzpfaMumif;? wdkif;a'oBuD; w&m;vTwfawmfodkYr[kwf jynf e,f w &m;vT w f a wmf w G i f wd k i f ; a'oBu;D w&m;vTwaf wmfw&m;ol BuD;csKyfodkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m; vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyftyg t0if wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwf awmfw&m;olBuD;rsm; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmfw&m;ol BuD;rsm; OD;a&tenf;qHk;oHk;OD;rS trsm;qHk;ckepfOD;txdcefYtyfEkdif aMumif; od&onf/ «yk'rf 308 (u)» EdkifiHawmfor®w EkdifiHawmfor®wonf jynf axmifpkw&m;olBuD;csKyf? ouf qd k i f & mwd k i f ; a'oBuD ; od k Y r [k w f jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfwdkYESifhnd§EIdif;NyD; oufqikd &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmfw&m;ol BuD;csKyftjzpfcefYtyf&ef trnfpm &if;udkjyKpkí ,if;trnfpm&if;udk vnf;aumif;? oufqdkif&mwdkif; a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynfe,f0ef BuD;csKyfonf jynfaxmifpkw&m; olBuD;csKyfESifhnd§EIdif;NyD; oufqdkif &mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwjf ynfe,f w&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;rsm; tjzpf cefYtyf&ef trnfpm&if;udk jyKpkí ,if;trnfpm&if;rsm;udk vnf;aumif; oufqdkif&mwdkif; a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvTwf awmfodkY ay;ydkY&rnfjzpfaMumif; od&onf/ «yk'fr 308 (c) (1)» ceft h yf EkdifiHawmfor®wonf ouf qdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fvw T af wmfu]]oabmwlnD olrsm;udk oufqdkif&mwdkif;a'o
c½dkif? NrdKY e,f? &yfu ygwD? yk*¾Kd Zefe0g&D 31 &ufwGif ac:,lrnfh jynhfolYvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;rSwpf qifh Ekid if aH wmfor®wESihf jynfaxmifpk tpdk;&zGJUpnf;NyD;ygu zGJUpnf;yHktajccH Oay't& c½dkif? NrdKUe,f? &yfuGufESifh aus;&Gmwm0ef&o dS rl sm;udk jyefvnfa&G; cs,fcefYxm;rnf[k od&onf/ jynfolYvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; tNy;D ceft Y yfrnf&h yfuu G ?f aus;&Gmtkyf csKyfa&;udkwm0ef,lrnfh yk*¾dKvfonf usef;rmoefpGrf;NyD; &yf&GmtusKd;udk apwemh0efxrf;aqmif&Gufvdkol? ynm
t&nftcsif;&SdNyD; udk,fydkifpD aumif;rGefum udk,fusifhodu©m aumif;rGefNyD; &yf&GmrSMunfnd ol? EkdifiHawmf\OD;wnfcsufjzpf wm0efta&;oHk;yg;udk av;pm NyD; ygwDpGJ? yk*¾KdvfpGJr&SdbJ uif em,u*k P f a jcmuf y g;ES i f h n D &mZ0wfjypfrIwpfpHkwpf&musL; r&So d rl sm;jzpf&rnfjzpfaMumif; o &yfuGufESifhaus;&Gmrsm;o awmf\tajccHtusqHk;a'or tkycf sKyaf &;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;onf Vol.3, No.5, Wednesd
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vTwfawmfrsm;ESifU jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmfrsm;\ pD&ifydkifcGifUtmPmrsm; wmf odkhr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmfw&m;olBuD;csKyfESifU w&m;olBuD;rsm;cefhtyfjcif; jrefrmydkhpf
BuD;odkYr[kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwf awmf w&m;olBuD;csKyftjzpfvnf; aumif;?oufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odrYk [kwjf ynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;olBu;D rsm;tjzpfvnf;aumif; ceft Y yf&rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/ «yk'fr 308 (c) (4)» uif;&Sif;& wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynf e,fw&m;vTwfawmfw&m;olBuD; csKyrf sm;ESihf wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;ol B uD ; rsm;onf y gwD E d k i f i H a&;ESifhuif;&Sif;&rnfjzpfaMumif;? wkdif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf jynfe,f w&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD;csKyf rsm;ESifh wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynf e ,f w &m;vT w f a wmf w &m; olBuD;rsm;onf EkdifiHh0efxrf;jzpf vQif wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynf e,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD; csKyf t jzpf v nf ; aumif ; ? wk d i f ; a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m; vTwaf wmfw&m;olBu;D tjzpfvnf; aumif; cefYtyfwm0efay;jcif;cH& onfah erSpí wnfq0J efxrf;pnf; rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;ESifhtnD tNidrf; pm;,lNyD;jzpfonf[k rSwf,l&rnf jzpfaMumif; od&onf/ «yk'fr 309 (u) (c)» t&nftcsif;rsm; wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynf e,fw&m;vTwfawmf w&m;olBuD; csKyrf sm;ESihf wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;ol BuD ; rsm;\ t&nf t csif ; rsm;ud k owfrw S jf y|mef;xm;onf/ ,if;wdYk rSm touf 45 ESpfxufri,f? touf 65 ESpf xufrBuD;ol? toufuefYowfcsufrSty yk'fr 120 wGifazmfjyxm;onfh jynfolY vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;twGuf owfrSwfxm;aom t&nftcsif;
uGufESifU aus;&Gmwm0ef&Sdolrsm;ae&mwGif KvfpGJuif;&Sif;olrsm;omcefhxm;&rnf[q k dk pD;yGm;a&; m? orm"d Kav;pm; pfonfh 'dkY ;,HkMunf if;&Sif;ol? ñT w f N yD ; ;vGefjcif; od&onf/ nf EkdifiH rsm;jzpfNyD; nf jynfol
rsm;ESifhteD;uyfxdawGUqufqHrItrsm; qHk;jzpfaomaMumifh zGJUpnf;yHktajccH Oya'yk'fr 288 t& c½dkiftqifhESifhNrdKU e,f tqifhwkdY\tkyfcsKyfa&;udk EkdifiH0ef xrf;rsm;tm; wm0efay;aqmif&Gufap &rnf[kvnf;aumif;? yk'fr 289 t& &yfuu G f odrYk [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf \ k tkyf csKyfa&;udk &yf&mG uMunfnKd av;pm;NyD; odu©morm"d&Sdonfh yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;OD;udk Oya'ESifhtnD cefYtyfwm0efay;&rnf [kvnf;aumif;jy|mef;xm;ojzifh &yfuu G f ESifhaus;&Gm\tkyfcsKyfa&;yHkpHonfvnf;
ay, February - 2, 2011
ajymif;vJusifhoHk;rnf[k od&onf/ jrefrmhorkdif;aMumif;wGif jrefrm bk&ifrsm;tkyfpkd;pOfumvu olBuD;rsm; cefYtyfxm;cJhNyD; udkvdkeDacwfwGif olBu;D rsm;udk a&G;aumufc ef Y x m;cJ h a Mumif ; ? vGwv f yfa&;&Ny;D ygvDref'rD u kd a&pDacwf wGiv f nf; olBu;D a&G;aumufcefx Y m;cJNh y;D awmfveS af &;aumifpaD cwf 1962 ckEpS ?f ar 9 &ufrSpwifí NrdKUe,f? &yfuGuf aus;&GmvHkNcHKa&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfrIaumfrwD [lí ajymif;vJtyk cf sKycf ahJ Mumif;? 1974 ckESpfrS 1988 ckESpftxd &yfuGufaus;
rsm;ESijhf ynfph o kH ?l yk'rf 121 wGif azmf jyxm;onfh jynfov Yl w T af wmfu, kd f pm;vS,rf sm;tjzpf a&G;aumufwif ajr§mufcHydkifcGifhr&dSapaom jy|mef; csufrsm;ESifhvnf;NidpGef;jcif;r&dSol? wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,f tqifhxufredrfhaom w&m;a&; t&m&dS odrYk [kwf Oya' t&m&d&S m xl;wGif tenf;qHk; ig;ESpfwm0ef xrf;aqmifco hJ o l rYkd [kwcf ½dik t f qifh xufredrfhaom w&m;a&;t&m&dS odkYr[kwf Oya't&m&dS &mxl;wGif tenf;qHk; 10 ESpf wm0efxrf; aqmifcJhol odkYr[kwf w&m;vTwf awmfa&SUaetjzpf tenf;qHk; 15 ES p f t rI v k d u f y gaqmif & G u f c J h o l odrYk [kwf xifay:ausmMf um;onfh *kPfowif;&dSaom Oya'ynm&Sif tjzpf Ekid if aH wmfor®wu,lqol? EkdifiHawmfESifh EkdifiHom;rsm;tay: opöm&dSol? EkdifiHa&;ygwD0ifr[kwf ol? vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf [kwf olwkdYjzpfaMumif;od&onf/ «yk'fr 310(u)?(c)?(*)?(C)?(i)? (p)?(q)» Oya'jy|mef; wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynf e,fw&m;vTwfawmfw&m;olBuD; csKyrf sm;ESihf wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,fw&m;vTwaf wmf w&m;ol BuD;rsm;\wm0efrsm;? vkyfydkifcGifh rsm;? &ydkifcGifhrsm;udk Oya'jy|mef; owfrw S &f rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/ (yk'fr 313 ) w&m;½Hk;tqifUqifU wdik ;f a'oBu;D okrYd [kwf jynf e,f w &m;vT w f a wmf B uD ; Muyf r I atmufü w&m;½Hk;tqifhqifh&dS onf/ wkdif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,ftwGif; udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyf cGifh& pD&ifpkr&dSvQif c½dkifw&m;½Hk; rsm;? NrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;rsm;&dSaMumif; od&onf/ «yk'fr 314 (u)» wkid ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynf
e,ftwGif; udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh& pD&ifpk&dSvQif udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh& wdkif;ü udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&wkdif; w&m;½H;k ? NrKd Ue,fw&m;½H;k rsm;? ud, k f ydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a'oü udk,fydkif tkycf sKycf iG &hf a'ow&m;½H;k ? NrKd Ue,f w&m;½Hk;rsm;&dSaMumif;? usefa'o rsm;ü c½dkifw&m;½Hk;rsm;? NrdKUe,f w&m;½Hk;rsm;&dSaMumif; od&onf/ «yk'fr 314 (c)» jynfaxmifpke,fajrü c½dkif w&m;½Hk;rsm;? NrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;rsm;? Oya't&wnf a xmif x m;aom tjcm;w&m;½H;k rsm;&daS Mumif;od&onf/ «yk'fr 314 (*)? (C)» pD&ifydkifcGifUtmPmrsm; c½dik w f &m;½H;k rsm;? ud, k yf ikd f tkyf csKyfcGifh& wkdif;w&m;½Hk;rsm;? udk,f ydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh& a'ow&m;½Hk;rsm; onf Oya'ESifhtnD jypfrIqdkif&m rl v rI r sm;? w&m;rrl v rI r sm;ud k vnf;aumif;? t,lcHrIrsm;ESifh jyif qifrIrsm;udkvnf;aumif;? Oya' wpf&yf&yft& owfrw S x f m;aom udpö&yfrsm;udkvnf;aumif; pD&if ydkifcGifhtmPm&dSaMumif;od&onf/ (yk'fr 315) NrdKYe,fw&m;½Hk;rsm; NrdKUe,fw&m;½Hk;rsm;onf Oy a'ESifhtnD jypfrIqkdif&mrlvrIrsm;? w&m;rrlvrIrsm;udkvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&owfrw S x f m; aom udpö&yfrsm;udkvnf;aumif; pD&ifydkifcGifhtmPm&dSaMumif;od& onf/ (yk'fr 316) trsm;jynfolrsm;tvG,fw ulod&dSavhvmEkdif&ef wkdif;a'o BuD; w&m;vTwfawmfESifh jynfe,f w&m;vT w f a wmf t aMumif ; od aumif;p&mrsm;udk aumufEkwf wifjyxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ jrefrmydkhpf
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&Gmtkyfpk jynfolYaumifp[ D í l trnf ajymif; vJ c J h a Mumif ; ? 1988 ck E S p f pufwifbm 18 &ufaemufydkif;wGif &yfuGufaus;&GmtkyfpkNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmufa&;tzGUJ [lívnf;aumif;? 1997 ckESpf? Ekd0ifbm 15 &ufrS ,aeY txd &yfuGufaus;&Gmtkyfpk at;csrf; om,ma&;ESifhzGHUNzdK;a&;aumifpD[lí tqifhqifh trnfajymif;vJzGJUpnf;cJh onf/ JUNE-7
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22
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tvdkawmfjynfUq&mawmfBuD; avab;u,fq,fa&;&efyHkaiGtwGuf pifumylüw&m;a[majymrnf *D&drkefwkdif;u,fq,fa&; &efyHkaiGt wGuf tvdak wmfjynfq h &mawmfBu;D ESi&hf [ef; oHCmawmfav;yg;wkdYonf azazmf0g&D 18 &ufEiS hf 19 &ufww Ykd iG f pifumylEidk if &H dS Informatiove Center ü w&m;a[majym&ef azazmf0g&D 15 &ufwGif &efukeftjynf jynfqkdif&mavqdyfrS pifumylEkdifiHodkYxGuf cGmrnfjzpfonf/ tqkdyg avab;oifh&efyHkaiGw&m;yGJ
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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tqdyk gaeYwiG f a&ESiahf &wdrf a'orsm;tzdo Yk pfawmrsm; (Fore sts for water and wetland)
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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24
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ydaYk e&mrSm rDZ&dk rfbufrmS wpfwef udk tdE, d´ ½ly;D aiG 19ç000 avmuf jyef&wJhtwGuf wGufajcudkufae w,fvYdk od&ygw,f/ Ek0d ifbm? 'D Zifbm? Zefe0g&DvawG[m csif; jynfe,f&JU axmywfoD;txGuf vawGjzpfvYdk e,fpyfuek o f , G af &; vrf;aMumif;eJY wifyaYkd eMuwmyg/ 2010 axmywfoD;&moDwkef;u vnf; wefcsdef 80 ausmf? jrefrm usyaf iG 12 oef;ausmf wifyx Ykd m; cJNh y;D vnf;jzpfw,f/ ajrqDt0ifuawmh &d'b f uf uae ydw k uf&efS , YJ &l ;D ,m;wefcsed f 540 ausm&f cSd NhJ y;D wrl;buft0if uawmhr&dcS yhJ g/
jrefrm-b*Fvm;a'U&Sfe,fpyfuek foG,fa&; ppfawGbufuvnf; yJwD pdrf;awGydkYaeygw,f/ armifawm e,fpyfpcef;rSm e,fpyfuek o f , G rf I jri§ w hf ifa&;tpnf;ta0;udk 'DZif bmvukeyf ikd ;f u jyKvyk cf NhJ y;D wJh aiG vTJvufrSwf (Bank Draft) wpf apmifukd t&ifu tar&duefa': vm 20ç000 zd;k yJaqmif&u G Ef idk cf hJ &muae 50ç000 zdk;txdaqmif &GufcGifh&vmwm awGUMu&w,f/ 2009-2010 b@ma&;ESpt f wGi;f jrefrm-b*Fvm;a'h&SfukefoG,frI wefz;kd pkpak ygif;tar&duefa':vm 81 oef;avmuf&cSd &hJ mrSm e,fpyf ukefoG,frIwefzkd;u 18 oef; avmuf&dScJhwmrkdY 23 &mckdifEIef; avmuf&aSd ewmawGUMu&ygw,f/ armifoHU Ref ; www.commerce.gov.mm www.myanmartradenet.com.TCJ
aq;qdkiftrsm;tjym;ESifh olemjyKtulajrmufrsm;pGmudkarG;xkwfay;cJhonfh
atmifcsrf;ajrh
aq;0g;uRrf;usif? olemjyKtuloifwef; trSwf(249)? yxrxyf? Am;*&mvrf;r? ajreDukef;(awmif)&yfuGuf? prf;acsmif;NrdKUe,f? &efukef/ [ajreDukef; = *rkef;yGifhukefwdkufteD;] zkef; - 01-504750? 01-504079? 09-5132279 - jynfwGif;? jynfytawGUtBuHK&Sd0g&ifh aq;0g;uRrf;usifynm&Sifrsm;? olemjyKtkyf(tNidrf;pm;)rsm; OD;pD;onf/ - EdkifiHjcm;aq;ypönf;qdkif zGifhEkdif&efESifh uRrf;usifaomolemjyKtuljzpfap&ef jynfhpHkvHkavmufaom oif½dk;ñTef;wrf; pmtkyfxkwfay;í oifMum;rnf/ aq;qdkifrsm;wGif vufawGUqif;jcif;? aq;cef;rsm;wGif vufawGUqif;jcif;rsm; jyKvkyfay;rnf/ - jynfwGif;jynfy tvkyftudkif&&Sd&ef ulnDrnf/ jynfwGif;jynfytoHk;jyKEkdifaom oifwef;qif;atmif vufrSwf xkwfay;rnf/ oifhwifhrQwaom EIef;xm;om,lonf/ - EdkifiHwumtqifhrD Air-Con tcef;rsm;wGif wpfa,mufxkdifcHkrsm;jzifh oifMum;onf/ - abmf'gaqmif&Sdygonf/ wef;cGJopfwpfckvQif (20)a,mufowfrSwfonf/ w,fvDzkef;jzifh BudKwifpm&if;oGif;Ekdifonf/
]]atmif}} NyD; ]]csrf;ajrh}} rIawG&&Sd&ef ]]atmifcsrf;ajrh}} udkvmcJhyg/ EdkifiHjcm;aq;ypönf;qdkifzGifh&efESifh olemjyKtul0ifvkyf&eftwGuf tywfpOf (1513) tywfpOf (1514) tywfpOf (1515) tywfpOf (1516) tywfpOf (1517) tywfpOf (1518) tywfpOf (1519)
(I) 8 . 10 . (II) 8 . 10 . 12 . (III) 12 . 13 .
wpfvjywftxl;oifwef;rsm; (wpfywfig;&ufoif) 2 . 2011 2 . 2011
prnf/ prnf/
(pae ESifh we*FaEG em;&uf) (pae ESifh we*FaEG em;&uf)
ESpfvjywftxl;oifwef;rsm; (wpfywfESpf&ufoif) 2 . 2011 2 . 2011 2 . 2011
prnf/ prnf/ prnf/
(t*Fg ESifh Ak'¨[l; oif) (Mumoyaw; ESifh aomMum oif) (pae ESifh we*FaEG oif)
oHk;vjywftxl;oifwef;rsm; (wpfywfwpf&ufoif) 2 . 2011 2 . 2011
prnf/ prnf/
(paewpf&ufwnf;) (we*FaEGwpf&ufwnf;)
txufazmfjyyg vjywfoifwef;rsm;twGuf oifMum;Edkifonfhtcsdefrsm; (I) (II) (III) (IV)
06:30 am to 08:30 am 07:30 am to 09:30 am 09:30 am to 11:30 am 12:30 pm to 02:30 pm
(V) 01:30 pm to 03:30 pm (VI) 04:30 pm to 06:30 pm (VII) 05:30 pm to 07:30 pm
Ed k i f i H w umtqif h r D usef ; rma&;apmif h a &S m uf r I 'D y vd k r moif w ef ; rsm;
v?? (II) ajcmuf v? (III) wpf E S p f (I) oH k ; v tywfpOf (1520) tywfpOf (1521)
'Dyvdkrmoifwef;rsm; (wpfywfig;&ufoif)
8 . 2 . 2011 10 . 2 . 2011
prnf/ prnf/
(pae ESifh we*FaEG em;&uf) (pae ESifh we*FaEG em;&uf)
09:30 am to 03:30 pm
rSwfcsuf / / txufygvdyfpmrSvGJí rnfonfhae&mwGifrS oifwef;cGJr&Sdyg/ (Open 6:00 am to 7:00 pm) ydwf&ufr&Sdyg/
Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
http://www.acmnursingtraining.com
25
2010 jynfUESpfukd a&eHpdrf;aps;a':vm 90 ausmfeJhydwfodrf;cJU aps;uGufoHk;oyfolawGu awmh urÇmha&eHpdrf;aps;u a': vm 100 aps;EIef;odkYa&mufvm avawmhrvm;vdYk pd;k &draf MumifMh u rIawGjzpfvmcJh&ygw,f/ vwfw avmaps;EIef;awG 14 &mcdkifEIef; avmuf urÇmhaps;uGufawGxJrSm twuf & S d c J h w maMumif h 2010? 'DZifbmvydik ;f cefrY eS ;f csuaf wGu vmr,fh aemufESpf 2011 ckESpf 'DZifbmvavmufqdk urÇmha&eH pdrf;aps;[m wpfpnfudk a':vm 100 aps;avmufxdjzpfoGm;Ekdif w,fvdkYvnf; rSef;aeMuw,f/ a[mud e f ; xk w f o l a wG u awmh t&ifua[mude;f awGxw k cf MhJu&m rSm 2009 ckESpftukefrSm urÇmh a&eHpdrf;aps;EIef;[m wpfpnfudk 85 a':vmavmufjzpfvmEdkif w,f/ 2010 rSmawmh a':vm 100 eJY ta&mif;t0,fvkyfMu vdrfhr,fvdkYqdkcJhw,f/ vufawGU ude;f *Pef;owif;tcsut f vuf awGt&vnf; 2010 &JU 'DZifbm aemufq;kH ydwv f xJrmS yJ urÇmah & eH p d r f ; aps;[m a':vm 100 a&mufvka&mufcif a':vm 90 ausmfeJY ydwfodrf;oGm;cJhwmawGU Mu&w,f/ urÇmha&eHpdrf;aps; u armufurjzpfcJh&wJh 2008 ckESpf v,fyikd ;f avmufuawmh a&eHprd ;f wpfpnfudk a':vm 147 txd aygufcJhw,f/ 'g[m pHcsdefwif aps;EIef;vnf;jzpfcJhw,f/ tJ'D aemufrS a&eHaps;[m jyefqif; oGm;cJ&h jcif;yg/
tjynfjynfqdkif&m pGrf;tif at*sifpDtzGJU (IEA) &JUoHk;oyf csuft& urÇmay:rSma&eHtoHk; pGJqHk;EkdifiH tar&duefEkdifiH[m wpfaeYudk a&eHpnfaygif; 19 'or 1 oef;? a&eHtoHk;tpGJ wpfaeYwjcm;rsm;vmwJh w½kwf EdkifiHuvnf; wpfaeYudka&eHpnf aygif; 9 'or 6 oef;wdk;wuf oH;k pGv J mEdik w f ,fvq Ykd w kd ,f/ tar &duef&UJ a&eHtoH;k tpGw J ;kd wufEeI ;f [m 0 'or 2 &mcdik Ef eI ;f &Sv d mEkid f NyD; w½kwfuawmh 4 'or 2 &mcdik Ef eI ;f &Sv d mEdik w f mygvdYk IEA u qdkw,f/ vmr,fh ESpf 2011 xJrmS vnf; urÇmah &eHprd ;f aps;EIe;f [m taygif;vu©Pmaqmifae w,fvYkd IEA uqdyk gw,f/ tDauGa'gEkid if rH mS usi;f ycJw h hJ ]tdyk uf} (OPEC) tpnf;ta0;rSm tdyk uf&UJ a&eHxw k v f yk rf cI w JG rf;awG tajymif;tvJr&SdEdkifbl;vdkY avh vmolawGu cefYrSef;cJhMuayr,fh tJ'D OPEC tpnf;ta0;rwdkif cif urÇmah &eHprd ;f aps;[m a':vm 90 aps;odw Yk ufEiS Nhf yjD zpfwmvnf; awGUMu&w,f/ 26 vtwGif; tjrifq h ;kH aps;EIe;f odaYk &muf&v dS m& wmygvdkY tuJcwfawGuvnf; aeh pGJ 3-12-2010 10-12-2010 17-12-2010 24-12-2010 31-12-2010
axmufjyaeMuw,f/ tar&duef A[db k PfOuú|Bu;D uvnf;aemuf xyfpD;yGm;a&;tusyftwnf;BuHK p&mtaMumif;r&Sdao;ygvdkY rSwf csufay;vdkufjcif;uvnf; urÇmh a&eHaps;udk jrifhwufoGm;apwJh taMumif;&if;wpfcyk gyJ/ tzGJU0if 12 EdkifiHeJYzGJUpnf; xm;wJ h OPEC tzG J U uvnf ; 2010 jynfhESpf? 'DZifbmtwGif; rSm a&eHxw k v f yk rf u I w kd pfaeYpnf aygif; 85ç000 wdk;NyD; xkwfvkyf oGm;r,fvq Ykd ckd w hJ ,f/ Ekid *f s;D &D;,m; eJY tD&wfEdkifiHawGbufu wdk; xkwcf MhJ uwmyg/ ]tdyk uf} u 'Dvkd yrmPawGwdk;xkwfvmjcif;[m jrifw h ufvmwJh urÇmah &eHprd ;f aps; udk wpfzufuxdef;csifvdkY? wpf zufuvnf; a&eHaps;awGjrifh wufaecsed f a&eHu&wJt h jrwft pGef;awG oJh,lcsifvdkYjzpfw,fvdkY vnf;tuJcwfawGu oHk;oyfjy aeygw,f/ 2010 jynfhESpf? 'DZif bmvtwGif; jzpfwnfcJhwJhvef 'efb&ifeh af &eHprd ;f aps;EIe;f awGu awmh azmfjyygZ,m;twdkif;yg/ [HomxGef; Ref ; gulf-time, OPEC, bloomberg.com
vef'efb&ifUefa&eHpdrf;aps;EIef;(a':vm^pnf) 90 'or 35 91 'or 15 92 'or 00 94 'or 73 92 'or 90
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&SdvmrSmjzpfwJhtaMumif; xkwf azmfajymMum;cJhygw,f/ w½kwf Ekid if &H UJ obm0a&mfbmeJaY &mfbm wkEpS rf sK;d pvH;k &JU0,fvt kd m;[m t &Sed t f [keef jYJ rifw h ufvsu&f NdS y;D a&SU a&Smufvnf; 'DEIef;twkdif; quf oGm;aevdrfhOD;r,fvkdY w½kwfEdkifiH &JUa&mfbmtzGJUtpnf;BuD;uqdk w,f/ urÇmha&mfbmxkwfvkyfrI awGu wkd;wufaewmvnf;rSef w,f/ odkYaomf xkwfvkyfrI[m 0,fvt kd m;eJo Y ;kH pGrJ t I m;udk vku d v f Ykd rrDao;wmaMumifh 2011 ckESpf rSmvnf; urÇmha&mfbmaps;EIef; [m qufcikd af evdrOhf ;D r,fvv Ykd nf; wGufaeMuw,f/ obm0a&mfbmaps;awGjrifh wufvmwmaMumifh urÇmausmf wm,mukrP Ü BD u;D awGjzpfw]hJ *Gwf &D;,m;}u ukrÜPDuxkwfwJhwm ,maps;EIe;f awGukd 2011 ESpq f ef; 1 &ufupNyD; &Spf&mcdkifEIef;aps; wufr,fvaYkd <u;aMumfvu kd w f ,f/ qkdvdkwmua&mfbmaps;wufwm eJY a&mfbmudktajccHNyD;xkwfvkyf wJah rmfawmfum;wm,mawGvnf; aps;vdkufwufoGm;wJhoabmyg/ wm,maps;awGvnf;wufNyDqdk awmh wm,mxkwfurÇmhukrÜPD Bu;D awG&UJ &S,, f maps;awGygvku d f wufajrmufygukeyf gava&m? aiG aps;EIe;f awGjrifw h ufvmwmaMumifh urÇmay:rSm a&mfbmtoHk;pGJqHk; wpfEkdifiHjzpfwJh tdrfeD;csif;w½kwf Ekid if rH mS pD;yGm;a&;zHUG NzKd ;rIawGvnf; us? ukeMf urf;0,fvt kd m;awGyg w
jznf;jznf;usqif;vm? w½kwfrSm a&mfbmaps;awGus&yd jf yaeygw,f/ w½kwfEkdifiHrSm um;a&mif;csrIt cGefawGjrifhvmjcif;? wm,mxkwf vkyfzkdYukefMurf;a&mfbm&JU0,fvdk tm;awGusqif;jcif;? twkd;EIef; awGjrifhwufjcif;eJY ukefaps;EIef; awGjrifhwufjcif;wkdYaMumifh a&SU avQmufw½kwrf mS a&mfbmaps;uszYkd u aocsmoavmufy?J w½kwaf rmf awmfum;xkwfvkyfa&;toif;u vmr,fh 2011 ckESpfxJrSm urÇmh armfawmfum;tBuD;qHk;aps;uGuf Bu;D jzpfwhJ w½kwEf idk if rH mS c&D;onf wifum;0,f,rl t I cGeEf eI ;f xm;awG udk wk;d zG,&f daS ew,fvaYkd wmh pajym vmcJhygNyD/ yHrk eS q f dk w½kw&f UJ a&mfbm0,f vdt k m;[m a&SUavQmuftwufcsn;f ygyJ? odkYaomf olYEkdifiH&JUum;aps; uGuu f awmha&mfbmaps;uGuu f kd *,uf½u kd cf wfcw hJ ,f/ w½kwrf mS a&mfbmaps;uGuftajymif;tvJ awG&adS yr,fh urÇmt h "dua&mfbm EkdifiHBuD;awGrSm &moDOwkaMumifh a&mfbmtxGufawGu raocsm? tm;vHk;NcKH Munh&f ifawmh urÇmah &mf bmaps;uGufxJrSm a&mif;vdktm; eJY 0,fvdktm;u rrQrwjzpfvkdY &Sad er,fo h abmyg/ 'gaMumifh w ½kwfrSma&mfbmaps;usEkdifwmrSef ayr,fh urÇmhtaetxm;eJYNcHK Munfh&ifawmh a&mfbmaps;[m wufEidk zf cYkd sn;f yJvYkd wGuq f aeMu ygw,f/ [HomxGef; Ref ; bloomberg.com
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
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Islamic Banking and Finance
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.2, Vol.3,No.47, No.5, Wednesday, February December-15,2010 - 2, 2011
viaf q; vkd[ef? trfbmydkYwf 0k ' f ? ue f & D 0ufpfeJY ''Gossip Girl''
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
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36
ENTERTAINMENT
OD;atmifrsK;d MuL Michael M.K-
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yu, a':at;at;csKd Linda M.Kyu
wkdY\ om;armifoufrsKd;MuL @ Stephen Myo Kyu ESifh OD;ae rsKd;atmif? a':vGifvGifrmwkdY\ orD; cifbek ;f jynfh (c) cifbP k ;f (aw;oH&Sif)wkdY\ pkvsm;&pfywf r*Fvmtcrf;tem;udk Zefe0g&D 25 &ufu qD'dk;em;[kdw,frSm usi;f ycJyh gw,f/ tcrf;tem;rSL;tjzpf OD;odef; vSarmfaqmif&GufNyD; pkvsm;&pfywf xdrf;jrm;jcif;udk AdkvfrSL;csKyfarmfodef; (Nird ;f )ESihf ZeD;wdu Yk aqmif&u G f ay;cJ h N yD ; r*F v myef ; uH k ; ES i f h r*FvmvufpGyfudk 'kwd,Akdvf csKyfBuD;jrifhaqG (Nidrf;) ESifh ZeD; a':cifoufaX;wkdYu csD;jr§ifh ay;cJhMuygw,f/
Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
info - tech wlav; pDpOfwifqufonf
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Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February-2, 2011
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urÇmEh idk if t H oD;oD;&Sd touf 13 ESpt f &G,rf S 18 ESpt f &G,af usmif;om;vli,frnforl qdk yg0if ,SOfNydKifEkdif&ef Google odyÜHNydKifyGJtm; Zefe0g&D 11 &ufrSpwifum zdwfac:xm;jcif;aMumifh tifwmeufoHk;pGJolawG;ac:BuHpnfwwfonfh vli,frsm;tzkdY tcGifhta&;wpf&yfjzpfaMumif; od&onf/ tqkdygurÇmausmf*l*JvftzGJUBuD;onf urÇmwpf0ef;&Sd xufjrufNyD;tpGrf;tp&Sdonfh vli,fodyÜHynm&Sifrsm;? tif*sifeD,mrsm;ESifh zefw;D wDxiG o f rl sm;tm; vku d v f &H mS azGaeaMumif; od&onf/ xdNk yKd iyf t JG m; pdwyf g0ifpm;olrsm;onf Google.com/ science fair tm; ½du k Ef ydS í f NyKd iyf JG 0if&eftwGuf rSwfyHkwifEkdifrnfhenf;vrf;rsm;ESifh rdrEd pS o f uf&macgif;pOfrsm;atmufwiG f 0ifa&muf ,SOfNydKifEkdifaMumif; od&onf/ xdkNydKifyGJtm; vmrnf h {NyD 4 &uf t xd a emuf q H k ; xm;í tGefvdkif;ay:wGif 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifay;ydkYEkdifNyD; qk&&Sdolrsm;tm; ar 23 &ufwGif xkwfjyef aMunmrnfjzpfaMumif; od&onf/ atmifausmfcefh Ref; Internet
ud, k 0f efaqmifcsed w f iG f rdcifavmif;rsm;onf [if;oD;[if;&Gurf sm;rsm;pm;oH;k jcif;jzifh arG;zGm;csed f wGiforD;rdef;uav;&&SdEdkif&eftcGifhtvrf;ydkrsm; aMumif; okawoeppfwrf;rsm;t&od&onf/ tqkd ygokawoejyKppfwrf;wGif udk,f0efaqmifpOf toD;t&Gut f "dupm;oH;k cho J nfh rdcifavmif; 32 OD;teuf 26 OD;onf orD;av;rsm;arG;zGm;cJhNyD; ajcmufO;D om om;a,musmf ;av;arG;zGm;cJah Mumif; od&onf/ xkdYtjyif Reproductive BioMedicine *sme,f\azmfjycsuft& u,fvqD,rf ESihf ruf*eDq, D rf"mwfyg0ifrjI rifrh m;aom tpdr;f a&miftoD;t&Gut f rsm;tjym;pm;oH;k yguuav; arG;zGm;csdefwGif rdef;uav;oaE¨om;jzpfap&ef &mcdkifEIef; 80 tcGifhtvrf;ydkrsm;aMumif; od& onf/ xkdYaMumifo h rD;rde;f uav;vkcd siaf omrdcif rsm;taejzifhtoD;t&GufESifhopfoD;0vHrsm; ydkrdk pm;oHk;oifhaMumif; okawoDrsm;u tBuHjyKajym Mum;cJhonf/ atmifausmfcefh
Vol.3, No.5, Wednesday, February - 2, 2011
Ref; Internet