Studio D Journal

JOURNAL

ABPL 90143 Design Studio D Studio 42 CO2 Zero Yi Jie Lam 875783 Semester 2, 2020

CONTENT 01

ASSESSMENT TASK 1

1

02

ASSESSMENT TASK 2

9

03

ASSESSMENT TASK 3

18

04

ASSESSMENT TASK 4

24

05

ASSESSMENT TASK 5

48

06

ASSESSMENT TASK 6

68

07

REFLECTION

95

08

REFERENCE

96

Renewable Technology Research Assessment Task 1

Studio 42 CO2 Zero |

1

STRATEGY 01 - WATER

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Introduction - Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting rainwater for commercial use.

- The collected rainwater will undergo several steps of treatment including sterilisation and filtration before it is used in a commercial environment.

- Different end uses each require a different rainwater quality.

Dry System

Wet System

- non-pressurized systems, where the pipes run from rain gutters into a tank

- when the pipes cannot be configured to run directly into the tanks or,

- structures do not hold any water in the pipes after it stops raining

- does not create breeding grounds for mosquitoes and other insects

- where the tanks are located some distance away from the collection surfaces - often pressurized so that the long runs of pipes do not retain stagnant water

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 2

STRATEGY 01 - WATER

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Case Study - Sidwell Friend Highschool, Washington, D.C. - first LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum-rated K-12 school - Architect: KieranTimberlake Associates (KTA) - Smart water management (cleaning up to 3000 gallons of water every day)

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 3

STRATEGY 01 - WATER

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Results Obtained - reduce 317,900 gallon of wastewater annually, saving $1687 in sewer charges.

- reduce 8500 gallons per month in potable water consumption - collect 68% of rainfall (about 9820 gallons) from one year storms

- promote groundwater recharge and prevents polluted runoff from entering the city storm drains.

(EL-Nwsany, Maarouf, Abd el-Aal, 2019)

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 4

STRATEGY 02 - PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Introduction - Store heat in their mass under the form of latent heat - Lighter comparing to thermal mass material - Obtain the same thermal capacity as 3cm thick plasterboard containing 30% PCMs would require 14cm concrete - Stabilize indoor temperature, reduce amount of energy consumption (10m2 ceiling tile can store up to 2kWh of energy) - Easily installed as part of a refurbishment programme to increase the thermal mass of lightweight structures

Case Study - Belvoir High School, Nottinghamshire, 2009 (retrofitted in 2013) - Year 7 - 11 students - 995 students - Architect: Masefields Architects - Lightweight construction - Aims to ameliorate mechanical cooling system

Technological Aspects - Place them in a cassette and add them to a suspended ceiling tile - PCM melts during daytime upon exposure to the thermal loads - Freezes overnight when cooled by means of an integrated water pipe system.

- Reduce risk of summertime overheating

Components: - BASF’s Micronal phase change material - Microscopically small, polymer-encapsulated spheres each with wax-core latent-heat storage.

(CIBSE Journal, 2015)

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 5

STRATEGY 02 - PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Daytime - Micro-encapsulated wax melts as air temperatures approach 23°C - Soaks up heat from the room - Heat absorption continues until all the wax has changed phase Night - Using night ventilation, the tiles release this absorbed heat once the room temperature starts to drop below 23°C. - As it releases heat, the PCM will return to its solid state.

Results Obtained

Limitation - Limited effectiveness during the day (Intense summer weather conditions prohibits its complete solidification during night) - Limited contact area between the air and PCM - Organic PCMs are flammable and have low thermal conductivity and low latent heat storage capacity.

(Souayfane, Fardoun, & Biwole, 2016, p. 400)

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 6

STRATEGY 03 - PASSIVE VENTILATION

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Evaporative Cooling - As water evaporates it draws large amounts of heat from surrounding air. The heat of the air is used to evaporate water, and therefore cool the air.

(Sayigh,2014)

Case Study - Habitat Resource and Development Centre, Katutura, Namibia - Designed by Nina Maritz Architects - Completed in 2004 - Passive design strategy achieved with low budget and very common materials and equipment - Aims to increase energy efficiency - Passive downdraft evaporative cooling (PDEC) system integrated in the architecture design

Technological Aspects - PDEC System - As the water droplets fall down the tower, the droplets evaporate slightly which use up energy. The air cools down and enters the building.

- Multiple towers to maintain uniform air flow - Each tower will serve a zone

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 7

STRATEGY 03 - PASSIVE VENTILATION

WEEK 1 - WEEK 3

Requirement - The opening should be large to achieve higher air volume flow rate and in a negative pressure zone - The opening can be installed a few meters above the general roof level - For water droplets to be completely evaporated during the fall, there should be a height of around 2–4meter (Ford,2000) - The scheme need to consider the geometry of the towers in the very beginning(Ford,2000)

Intergrated Design

- The system is integrated with sustainable strategy such as rainwater harvesting on rooftop - The system has the potential to bring in more natural light into the building Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 8

SITE ANALYSIS Assessment Task 2

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 9

MAWSON PRIMARY SCHOOL VIRTUAL SITE VISIT

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 10

MAWSON PRIMARY SCHOOL QnA SESSION

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

Week 3B QnA (Mawson Primary School)

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 11

Week 4A

BRAINSTORMING

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 12

SITE ANALYSIS

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

CIRCULATION CANBERRA CHRISTIAN SCHOOL

EARLY LEARNING CENTER

AFTER SCHOOL CARE

DRIVER TRAINING PROFESSIONALS

LEGEND

LEGEND RESIDENTIAL AREA SITE BOUNDARY SITE AREA: 28313.67 m2 SITE PERIMETER: 696.14 m

Site Context

MAWSON NEIGHBOURHOOD OVAL

MAIN ENTRANCE COVERED WALKWAY PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT

Circulation

Total site area of Mawson Primary School is 28,000 sqm. Most of the surrounding residential houses are one to two-storey detached houses. There is no recorded heritage objective or area in Mawson District. The nearest heritage location is Philip District, which is 1km away from the site.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 13

SITE ANALYSIS

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

ONSITE PARKING PROVISIONS

LEGEND CAR PARKING SPACE (56 in total) BUS PARKING SPACE (2 in total)

On-Site Parking Provision

Site Boundary

Site Access - Car

Site Access - Bus

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 14

SITE ANALYSIS

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

NOT TO SCALE

Landscape Coverage

Sun Path & Prevailing Winds

The average wind speed ranges from 7-10 with average dominant wind directions towards the northwest. GIven that the school had issues with passive ventilation, repositioning or channeling prevailing winds specific to the dominant wind direction could achieve better passive ventilation for the school. Comparatively looking at the surface ratio and existing landscape, there seems to be a lack of tree canopies, and potential landscape opportunities. The current landscape of Mawson consists of eucalyptus trees, under-used garden bed in the junior school, bonzai plants for aesthetics and mostly grass and capeweed scattered around open spaces which affect ground conditions for its users.

NOT TO SCALE

Vegetation

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 15

SITE ANALYSIS

NOT TO SCALE

Utility - Energy Production

NOT TO SCALE

Utility - Rainwater System

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

NOT TO SCALE

Utility - Hot Water System

NOT TO SCALE

Utility - Hot Water System

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 16

SITE ANALYSIS

NOT TO SCALE

WEEK 3 - WEEK 4

NOT TO SCALE

Roof Coverage & PV Panels

Spatial Analysis

The total estimated roof cover amounts to 3889.90m2. Less than 10% of the total roof is being utilized for PV cells and none used for water-harvesting opportunities. There are a total of 45 PV cells generating approximately 10-16kW of energy. Taking into account the energy generated for that 289.74m2 of roof area, the 3889.90m2 of roof area will potentially be able to generate 169.27kW for the school.

Hall has little storage area which causes most of the furniture to be stored externally. Both the library and the hall have low capacity that they are unable to fit the required number of students and staff. Currently, the extra furniture for future usage is stored at one of the classrooms and they require a proper storage area.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 17

DIGITAL TWIN | ENERGY MODELLING Assessment Task 3

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 18

ENERGY CONSUMPTION SUMMARY

WEEK 5

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 19

ENERGY CONSUMPTION - SENIOR BLOCK

WEEK 5

Energy Consumption - 147,162 kWh / year Gas - 93,031 kgCO2e / year

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 20

ENERGY CONSUMPTION - HALL

WEEK 5

Energy Consumption - 33,699 kWh / year Gas - 27,536 kgCO2e / year

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 21

ENERGY CONSUMPTION - BER & PRE-SCHOOL

WEEK 5

Energy Consumption - 30,208 kWh / year Gas - 17,660 kgCO2e / year

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 22

ENERGY CONSUMPTION - JUNIOR BLOCK

WEEK 5

Energy Consumption - 18,121 kWh / year Gas - 8,329 kgCO2e / year

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 23

MID-SEM REVIEW Assessment Task 4

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 24

LEARNING ENVIRONMENT DESIGN & USE (KEY TAKEAWAY)

WEEK 6

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 25

INTEPRETATION OF BRIEF (MAWSON PRIMARY SCHOOL)

WEEK 6

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 26

GENERAL INFO AND BRIEF

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

1

Studio 42INFORMATION CO2 Zero | 27 GENERAL

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

VERSATILE

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

BELONGINGS

TRANSPARENCY

SUPPORTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

FOSTER A SENSE OF STUDENTS OWNERSHIP

VISUAL INTERCONNECTEDNESS THAT ENCOURAGES COMMUNAL LEARNING

- MULTIPLE LEARNING SETTINGS COLLOCATED - FLEXIBLE ARRANGEMENT TO SUPPORT DIFFERENT LEARNING MODE

- LESS INSTITUTIONAL FEELINGS WITH EASY WAYFINDING - WARM AND INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENT

- UNINTERRUPTED LINE OF SIGHTS - DIRECT VIEW TOWARDS OUTDOOR SPACES

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

2

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 28 DESIGN PRINCIPLES

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL (CIRCULATION SKETCH)

PROGRESS | WEEK 6

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 29

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL (ADJACENCY TESTING)

PROGRESS | WEEK 6

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 30

BUBBLE DIAGRAM (ADJACENCY)

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

Gathering Spot/ Event

Admin/ Staff

CENTRAL HUB

General Learning Area General Learning Area Breakout Space

Outdoor Space

General Learning Area

Outdoor Space

Activities Hub Shared Learning

EXTENDED LEARNING

General Learning Area

Classroom Learning

Outdoor Space

General Learning Area

The existing programs are mapped out with adequate accessibility to outdoor area. The main design driver will be the central hub acting as the heart of the school to form connection between different functions. Accessibility of students from all grade levels are considered as well. Learning STUDIO ZERO 3 CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM area has42 toCO facilitate homerooms, shared learning and breakout space for students.

2 Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 31

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL

PROGRESS | WEEK 6

EXISTING

DROP-OFF

AINSWORTH ST

EXISTING

RENOVATION

ADDITION

RENOVATION

EXISTING

RENOVATION

ADDITION EXISTING

PRIMARY ENTRY POINT

RENOVATION

SECONDARY ENTRY POINT

PROPOSED BLOCKS

PROPOSED ENTRY POINT

SITE BOUNDARY

PROPOSED WALKWAY

0

10

NOT TO SCALE

30m

SCALE 1:1000

Studio 42 CO2 Zero

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 32 Master Plan

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL (SHORT-TERM)

PROGRESS | WEEK 6

EXISTING

SHORT-TERM PLAN (1 YEAR) HALL RENOVATION

EXISTING

DROP-OFF

Kitchen

RENOVATION

ADDITION

- Relocate kitchen area to be incorporated with a cafeteria in future

CLASSROOM RECONFIGURATION

CLASSROOM LEARNING PODS

CO-TEACHING SPACE

BREAKOUT SPACE

RENOVATION

REPLACEMENT OF EXISTING WINDOW, DOOR, ROOF

INCREASE NUMBER OF SOLAR PANELS TO FACILITATE ENERGY USAGE

EXISTING

- Currently 45 modules, generating approximately 10-16kW

RENOVATION

0

5

NOT TO SCALE

15m

SCALE 1:500

ADDITION

Studio 42 CO2 Zero

6

Master Plan| 33 Studio 42 CO Zero 2

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL (MEDIUM-TERM)

PROGRESS | WEEK 6

EXISTING

MEDIUM-TERM PLAN (5 YEARS) ART FACILITIES

EXISTING ART FACILITIES

DROP-OFF

RENOVATION

ADDITION

- Accommodate for minimum 2 classes (30 students each max.)

NEW DEMOUNTABLES

RENOVATION

- Activated new learning area (proposed with semi-covered walkway)

EXISTING RENOVATION

0

5

NOT TO SCALE

15m

SCALE 1:500

ADDITION

Studio 42 CO2 Zero

7

Master Plan| 34 Studio 42 CO Zero 2

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL (LONG-TERM)

PROGRESS | WEEK 6

EXISTING

LONG-TERM PLAN (10+ YEARS) ART FACILITIES (EXTENSION)

EXISTING ART FACILITIES

DROP-OFF

RENOVATION

ADDITION - Turn the art space into a media centre (a central hub)

NEW DEMOUNTABLES

RENOVATION

EXISTING RENOVATION

0

5

NOT TO SCALE

- Increase number of demountables to facilitate future growth of students

15m

SCALE 1:500

ADDITION

Studio 42 CO2 Zero

8

Master Plan| 35 Studio 42 CO Zero 2

MASTER PLAN EARLY PROPOSAL (REFINED)

PROGRESS | WEEK 6 ILL

M RY

E

AC

PL

1

STAGE 1 - HALL RENOVATION - Reconfiguration of existing hall - Draw out canteen to increase sitting room - Retracable seatings with standing room above - Outdoor storage area to be covered - Space for specialist subjects before commencement of work of new art space

EXISTING

2

JUNIOR BLOCK

COVERED STORAGE 1 DROP-OFF

AINSWORTH ST

ENVIRONMENTAL CENTRE EXISTING

SC

- Reconfiguration of existing classrooms to facilitate 2 extra homerooms accessible to shared learning - Reconfiguration of library into a learning hub that can accommodate 2 classes at once - Reposition demountables for a better orientation

CE

LA

EP

L OB

CREATIVE HUB

RENOVATION

MULTIPURPOSE HALL

3

3 5

5

2

SENIOR BLOCK

4

VEGE PATCH

PRE-SCHOOL REPOSITION

4 EXISTING

PRIMARY ENTRY POINT

RENOVATION

SECONDARY ENTRY POINT

ADDITION

PROPOSED ENTRY POINT

SITE BOUNDARY

PROPOSED WALKWAY

0

10

EXTENDED LEARNING AREA (DEMOUNTABLES)

- New learning area with demountables to facilitate the rapid growth of students - Vege patch as a potential outdoor learning tool - Walkway extension from the main circulation route to the new learning area

2

BL

E AK

E

AC

PL

STAGE 4 - EXTENDED LEARNING AREA

5

STAGE 5 - BIKE PARKING | VEGETATION - New bike parking area underneath pergola outside the library - Existing walkway planted with vegetations - Increase outdoor seatings

30m

NOT TO SCALE

SCALE 1:1000

Studio 42 CO2 Zero

STAGE 3 - CREATIVE HUB - New hub for art specialist subject - Facilitate a canteen and extra storage area for hall - Reposition existing junior playground - Creative hub that is expanable for future usage

BIKE PARKING

RENOVATION

EXISTING

STAGE 2 - LEARNING AREA

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 36 MASTER PLAN 2

MASTER PLAN (REFINED)

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7 1

STAGE 1 - HALL RENOVATION - Reconfiguration of existing hall - Space for specialist subjects before commencement of work of new art space

2

- Reconfiguration of existing classrooms - Reconfiguration of library - Reposition demountables for a better orientation

AINSWORTH ST

DROP-OFF

3

1

PRE-SCHOOL

ENVIRONMENTAL CENTRE

5

3

2

JUNIOR BLOCK

CREATIVE HUB

5

4

BIKE PARKING

4 EXTENDED LEARNING AREA (DEMOUNTABLES)

VEGE PATCH

2

LL

MI

RY

5

PL AC E

E

BUS ROUTE 0

10

NOT TO SCALE

STAGE 5 - BIKE PARKING | VEGETATION - New bike parking area underneath pergola outside the library - Existing walkway planted with vegetations

AC

PROPOSED WALKWAY

PL

PROPOSED ENTRY POINT

SITE BOUNDARY

LE

SECONDARY ENTRY POINT

ADDITION

OB

RENOVATION

SC

PRIMARY ENTRY POINT

STAGE 4 - EXTENDED LEARNING AREA - New learning area with demountables - Vege patch as a potential outdoor learning tool - Walkway extension

DEMOUNTABLE

EXISTING

STAGE 3 - CREATIVE HUB - New hub for art specialist subject - Reposition existing junior playground

HALL

SENIOR BLOCK

STAGE 2 - LEARNING AREA

30m

SCALE 1:1000

AK

BL E E

AC

PL

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

4

PLAN | 37 Studio 42MASTER CO2 Zero

SITE PLAN

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

AINSWORTH ST

DROP-OFF

STAFF CARPARK

PLAYGROUND

MULTIPURPOSE HALL ENVIRONMENTAL CENTRE

JUNIOR BLOCK

PRE-SCHOOL

SENIOR BLOCK

OVAL

EXTENDED LEARNING AREA

BIKE PARKING

CREATIVE HUB

STORY TELLING

PLAYGROUND

VEGE PATCH

BASKETBALL COURT

EXISTING RENOVATION ADDITION

PLAYGROUND

PLAYGROUND

DEMOUNTABLE

0

5

NOT TO SCALE

15m

SCALE 1:500

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

5

SITE PLAN

These are the proposed alteration made in regard to how they sit on the site. The idea is to minimise renovation and construction and apply adaptive reuse of the existing space. Stage 1, reconfiguration of the interior for the hall, stage 2, rearrangement of layout for learning spaces. Stage 3, the proposed creative hub, stage 4 the extended learning area and lastly the landscaping.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 38

CURRENT HALL 180sqm HALL PROPOSAL

PROPOSED HALL 231sqm

CURRENT HALL 180sqm

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

PROPOSED HALL 231sqm STAGE

STAGE

BOILER ROOM

BOILER ROOM

STAGE BOILER ROOM

STAGE BOILER ROOM

CANTEEN 51sqm

FOYER

CANTEEN 51sqm

FOYER

FOYER

FOYER

SITTING ROOM

STANDING ROOM

ROOM OCCUPANCY METRIC CALCULATION HALL - 0.5 m2/ person CURRENT CAPACITY ROOM OCCUPANCY METRIC CALCULATION 180m2/ 0.5 = 360 HALL - 0.5 m2/ person

30% STANDING ROOM 75m2/ 0.5 = 150 0

2

NOT TO SCALE

STANDING ROOM

SITTINGCAPACITY ROOM UPGRADED 2 / 0.5 2=/ 0.5 612= 462 306m231m

REQUIRED CAPACITY CURRENT CAPACITY 2 2 / 360 0.5 = 500 / 0.5 = 180m250m 30% STANDING ROOM 75m2/ 0.5 = 150 REQUIRED CAPACITY 250m2/ 0.5 = 500

SITTING ROOM

UPGRADED CAPACITY 306m2/ 0.5 = 612

70% SITTING ROOM 175m2/ 0.5 = 350

70% SITTING ROOM 175m2/ 0.5 = 350

STANDING ROOM 75m2/ 0.5 = 150 SITTING ROOM 231m2/ 0.5 = 462 STANDING ROOM 75m2/ 0.5 = 150

6m

SCALE 1:200

The current hall can accommodate 360 people according to the room occupancy metric. While maintaining the current square geometry of 6 MULTIPURPOSE HALL SCALE hall 1:200 as a unique feature, internal reconfiguration is planned instead of extension, avoiding extra cost required for relocating services in the the boiler room.

Studio 42 CO2 ZeroHALL | 39 STUDIO 42 CO ZERO 6 MULTIPURPOSE STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO 0

2

2

6m

PRECEDENT

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

7

Studio 42 PRECEDENT CO2 Zero | 40

SENIOR BLOCK CLASSROOMS SPATIAL ANALYSIS

Studio 42 CO2 Zero

PROGRESS | WEEK 7

LEARNING SPACES ANALYSIS Activities are mapped out accordingly for each general learning area. The current learning spaces are standard classrooms 4 without group learning and individual pods. Each of them consists of learning area, breakout between 2 classes, teacher’s workstation and lockers.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 41

SENIOR BLOCK CLASSROOMS SPATIAL ANALYSIS (MID-SEM REVIEW)

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

STORAGE

WC

WC CLASSROOM 8 59sqm

OFFICE STORAGE

OFFICE CLASSROOM 2+3

LIBRARY

165sqm

180sqm

SENIOR BLOCK

SENIOR BLOCK

FIRST FLOOR

GROUND FLOOR

CLASSROOM 6+7 187sqm

STAFF WC

CLASSROOM 1

WC

CLASSROOM 4

77sqm

83sqm

CLASSROOM 5 47sqm

TEACHING/LEARNING

CLASSROOM

LOCKER

TRANSPARENCY

GROUPING

TEACHER’S WORKSTATION

CLASSROOM

HALLWAY

HALLWAY

CLASSROOM

CLASSROOM

BREAKOUT SPACE

0

2

NOT TO SCALE SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

OFFICE SPACE STORAGE LOCKERS

6m

DISPERSED AREA

ORGANISED AREA

8

TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM (WITH SOLID WALLS)

OPEN-PLAN

(FLEXIBLE CONFIGURATION)

LEARNING SPACE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 42

PRECEDENT

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 43

PROPOSED SENIOR BLOCK CLASSROOMS

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7 CLASSROOM 10

CLASSROOM 2

55sqm

60sqm

WC

WC OFFICE

STORAGE

STORAGE

CLASSROOM 3

CLASSROOM 9

56sqm

50sqm

OFFICE

BREAKOUT

BREAKOUT

73sqm

78sqm

LIBRARY 252sqm

SENIOR BLOCK

SENIOR BLOCK

GROUND FLOOR

FIRST FLOOR

CLASSROOM 4

CLASSROOM 8

56sqm

50sqm

STAFF

16sqm

BREAKOUT

WC WC

CLASSROOM 7

CLASSROOM 1 55sqm

72sqm

CLASSROOM 6 47sqm

CLASSROOM 5 57sqm

TEIKYO UNIVERSITY ELEMENTERY SCHOOL KENGO KUMA ARCHITECTS

HOMEROOMS BREAKOUT SPACE LIBRARY OFFICE WASHROOM STORAGE 0

2

NOT TO SCALE

6m

SCALE 1:200

CLOSED

OPEN

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

LEARNING SPACE The new learning area will include a larger teacher planning room 10 and a storage area for extra tables and chairs. By PROPOSED reducing the excess circulation area, the school is able to introduce 2 extra classrooms, forming a total of 10 homerooms with equal accessibility to the breakout spaces that were previously wasted as a dull hallway. Each classroom is separated by bifold doors which can be opened for team teaching.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 44

PROPOSED NEW BUILT - ART SPACE

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7 1

1 OUTDOOR DECKING OUTDOOR EXHIBITION

EQUAL ACCESSIBILITY VISUAL CONNECTION

2

CANTEEN

2

ART SPACE 1 ART SPACE 2

STORE WC

3

PLATFORM

FLEXIBLE CONFIGURATION CREATIVE HUB NEW BUILD

3

EXISTING COVERED WALKWAY PROPOSED WALKWAY RENOVATION EXISTING PROPOSED BIKE PARKING EXISTING PLAYGROUND 0

2

NOT TO SCALE

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO ZERO

DIFFERENT MODE OF WORKSTATION 11

CREATIVE HUB

2 Canteen that is originally placed in the hall is now relocated to the hub. Besides maintaining its direct linkage to the hall, it also provides extra rooms for storage. The raised art facility is to facilitate the stepped platform for outdoor exhibition and to cater for outdoor art classes as an alternative learning mode.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 45

PERSPECTIVE - ART SPACES

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

12

PERSPECTIVE 1

This perspective highlights the covered walkway as the main circulation route, enabling equal accessibility to the proposed creative hub.

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

13

PERSPECTIVE 2

This view shows the proposed design for the creative hub, with extended walkway connecting the canteen and the art space.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 46

BLE

SITE ELEVATION

MULTIPURPOSE HALL

MID-SEM REVIEW | WEEK 7

SENIOR BLOCK

EXTENDED WALKWAY

JUNIOR BLOCK

VEGE PATCH

EXTENDED DEMOUNTABLE

South Elevation The extended learning area at the rear of the oval, which will be carried out at stage 4.

0

2

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

EXTENDED DEMOUNTABLE

14

VEGE PATCH

SENIOR BLOCK

SOUTH ELEVATION

CREATIVE HUB

PRE-SCHOOL

MULTIPURPOSE HALL

ENVIRONMENTAL CENTRE

North Elevation

0

2

SCALE 1:200

6m

Highlights the creative hub at the central oval in relation to the existing site.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 47

PROJECT RESOLUTION Assessment Task 5

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 48

SHADOW ANALYSIS OF ART FACILITY

9AM

PROGRESS | WEEK 8

4PM

The proposed location for the new art facility is not ideal as it blocks out part of the view from the library at Senior Block. Positioning right at the middle of the playground will obstruct visual links to the remaining part of the school. An IT Hub would be a great opportunity to maintain the concept of having a heart of the school as suggested by the panels during mid-sem critcs.

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 49 OLD ART SPACE

MASTER PLAN REFINEMENT (REPOSITION OF ART FACILITY)

PROGRESS | WEEK 8

HALL EXPANSION

AINSWORTH ST

STAGE I

STAGE II

LEARNING SPACE -add 2 more classrooms -upgrade library

STAGE V

EXTENDED LEARNING AREA -new demountable -vege patch

STAGE IV

SCO BLE

STAGE III

EXTENSION

PLA PLACE

10

NOT TO SCALE

30m

SCALE 1:1000

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

L RYMIL

CE

RENOVATION ADDITION

0

LANDSCAPPING -addition of outdoor seating -activate outdoor learning space

ART SPACE -to facilitate art subjects and exhibition -connection to outdoor

MASTER PLAN

Relocation of the art space to the rear of the site. Connection to the demountable creates opportunity for a outdoor shared learning area.

However, this will require the small playground to be relocated towards North, also running space for basketball court would be compromised.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 50

PROPOSED ART FACILITY

PROGRESS | WEEK 8

RAMP

WITHDRAW

ART SPACE 1

PLATFORM OUTDOOR DRAWING

PLAYGROUND WITHDRAW

WC GALLERY DDA

GATHERING SPOT BRAINSTORMING

OUTDOOR SEATING

DECKING WITH PERGOLA

GATHERING SPOT

ART SPACE 2

WITHDRAW

0

1

NOT TO SCALE

STORAGE -art supplies

3m

SCALE 1:100

Initial STUDIO 42 COproposal ZERO 2

for the internal layout of art space. By placing bathrooms at the North, it is inefficient to underutilise the well lit area thatART are SPACE supposedly used for learning.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 51

MASTER PLAN REFINEMENT (RUNNING SPACE AROUND BASKETBALL COURT)

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

HALL EXPANSION

AINSWORTH ST

STAGE I

STAGE II

LEARNING SPACE -addition of 2 classrooms -library as a learning hub

STAGE V

EXTENDED LEARNING AREA -relocation of demountable -vege patch

STAGE IV

BLE

SCO

EXTENSION ADDITION

PLACE

10

NOT TO SCALE

30m

SCALE 1:750

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

L RYMIL

CE PLA

STAGE III

RENOVATION

0

LANDSCAPPING -addition of outdoor seating -activate outdoor learning space

ART SPACE -to facilitate art subjects and exhibition -indoor and outdoor learning

MASTER PLAN

Demountable to be pushed back as the previous proposal has interrupted the oval for students to have soccer. Running space is provided to ensure safety of the students while playing basketball.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 52

SENIOR BLOCK REFINEMENT (GROUND FLOOR)

PROGRESS | WEEK 9 DISCUSSION ROOM 1

OPEN UP TO1 DISCUSSION ROOM COVERED WALKWAY

QUIET AREA OUTDOOR READING OPEN UP TO COVERED WALKWAY DECKING

QUIET AREA OUTDOOR READING

DISCUSSION ROOM 2

DECKING

DISCUSSION ROOM 2

0

2

NOT TO SCALE

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO 0

2

SENIOR BLOCK GROUND FLOOR (REVISED)

6m

Central SCALE 1:200 courtyard is redesigned to accommodate for different mode of resting and outdoor reading. Library has been included with 2 additional discussion rooms.

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

SENIOR BLOCK GROUND (REVISED) Studio 42FLOOR CO Zero | 53 2

SENIOR BLOCK REFINEMENT (FIRST FLOOR)

BREAKOUT SPACE

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

WITHDRAW

INDIVIDUAL NOOK

WITHDRAW

TEACHER’S PLANNING ROOM

WITHDRAW

INDIVIDUAL NOOK

STORE

0

2

NOT TO SCALE

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

SENIOR BLOCK FIRST FLOOR (REVISED)

Learning area alterations to include breakout spaces and withdrawal area. However, the edgy design does not work well in a primary school and the spatial efficiency must be compromised. Recessed window with wide windowsill is proposed as seating space for opportunity to enjoy the courtyard view.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 54

ART FACILITY REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

ART SPACE 1

RAMP

OUTDOOR DRAWING

BREAKOUT

GATHERING SPOT

BRAINSTORMING DECKING WITH PERGOLA GATHERING SPOT

STORAGE

ART SPACE 2

RAINWATER TANK 0

1

NOT TO SCALE

3m

SCALE 1:100

Bathroom STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

is relocated towards the Southern side to allow students to access externally. Storage area is increased and ART theSPACE central (REVISED) open space is reconfigured into a breakout space.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 55

MASTER PLAN REFINEMENT (REPOSITION OF IT HUB)

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

HALL EXPANSION

AINSWORTH ST

STAGE III

STAGE II

LEARNING SPACE -addition of 2 classrooms -library as a learning hub -addition of shading devices and bicycle station towatds North

STAGE I EXTENDED LEARNING AREA -relocation of demountable -vege patch

SCO

RENOVATION

E

ADDITION

30m

PLACE

10

NOT TO SCALE

SCALE 1:750

IT HUB -central multipurpose hub -extend walkway to link different learning spaces

L RYMIL

C PLA BLE

EXTENSION

0

STAGE IV

Art STUDIO space42is redefined as an IT Hub after the feedback from mid-semester review. Instead of relocating the canteen that was previously in CO2 ZERO MASTER PLAN the hall, the boiler room is decommissioned, and all the gas will be replaced with electricity. Hall expansion is proposed to accommodate the growing number of students.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 56

SENIOR BLOCK REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

DISCUSSION ROOM 1

STAFF

STORE

DISCUSSION ROOM 1 ALTERNATIVE READING SPACE

ALTERNATIVE READING SPACE

OUTDOOR READING

QUIET AREA BREAKOUT SPACE

DECKING QUIET AREA WITHDRAW

OUTDOOR READING

DISCUSSION ROOM 2 DECKING

DISCUSSION ROOM 2

0

2

NOT TO SCALE

WITHDRAW

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

0

2

6m

0

2

SCALE 1:200

SCALE 1:200

42 CO2 ZERO

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

6m

SENIOR BLOCK GROUND FLOOR

SENIO

SENIOR BLOCK GROUND FLOOR

Learning space is redefined with 2 breakout spaces and 2 withdrawal area, one on each wing. However, visual sightlines from classrooms to the breakout space is restricted. Consideration on noise from the breakout space that will affect students’ concentration at the withdrawal area.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 57

MASTER PLAN REFINEMENT (REPOSITION OF MULTIPURPOSE HUB)

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

ART SPACE 1

ART SPACE 2

FOYER

DECKING

DRAMA MEDIA LAB

MAKER SPACE

STORE

NOT TO SCALE 0

1

3m

The multipurpose hub is redesigned where the required art spaces have been proposed together with a maker space, media lab and a drama nook. Similarly, bathroom are kept accessible both internally and externally.

SCALE 1:100

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

IT HUB

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 58

PROPOSED ART FACILITY

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

PLANT ROOM STORAGE

STAGE

SITTING AREA - 185 SQM SEATINGS - 364 SEATS STANDING AREA - 95 SQM STANDING ROOM - 190 OCCUPANTS TOTAL OCCUPANCY - 554

STORAGE

0

1

CANTEEN

3m

NOT TO SCALE

SCALE 1:100

Initial configuration of the hall that has been expanded. Canteen is remained as its current location while bathroom has been repoSTUDIOinternal 42 CO2 ZERO HALL sitioned to the previous stage area. A new plant room and a storage area are placed at both side of the new stage.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 59

PV PANELS ROUGH CALULATION

PROGRESS | WEEK 9

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 60

CARBON NEUTRALITY PROPOSAL

PROJECT RESOLUTION | WEEK 10

PASSIVE STRATEGY

DAYLIGHTING

ACTIVE STRATEGY

ORIENTATION

GLAZING

CROSS VENTILATION

AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP

SHADING

THERMAL MASS

SOLAR PV

GREEN ROOF

RAINWATER HARVESTING

TOWARDS CARBON NEUTRALITY EXISTING CARBON EMISSION

249,437 kgCO2E / YEAR ELECTRICITY NATURAL GAS

116,587 kWh / YEAR 893,374 MJ / YEAR

SWITCH TO 100% ELECTRIC 3 X 200kWh AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP

CO2

IMPROVE BUILDING ENVELOPE / GLAZING DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW WALL INSULATION

ON-SITE POWER GENERATION TOTAL PV COVERAGE - 305SQM ENERGY GENERATED - 62,164 KWH/ YEAR

Orientation, daylighting, thermal mass and rainwater harvesting are integrated into the new built whereas the existing building fabric will be upgraded with better glazing and shading. Three 200kw air source heat pumps are proposed to switch the existing energy supply from gas to STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO 2 CARBON NEUTRALITY PROPOSAL electricity.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 61

ADAPTIVE REUSE SENIOR BLOCK DETAILED SECTION (EARLY VERSION)

PROGRESS | WEEK 10

TILES ROOF TRUSS BATTENS WATERPROOF MEMBRANE

FIRST FLOOR

GUTTER

Classroom

FACIA BOARD ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW TIMBER PERGOLA 0

0.2

ALUMINIUM ANGLE TRIM TO CONCEAL WINDOW HEAD

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

CARPET FLOOR FINISHES

GROUND FLOOR

BRADFORD SOUNDSCREEN R2.0 ACOUSTIC INSULATION

Library

RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING

BRICK TIE POLYESTER FIBRE BATTS 20mm CAVITY

0

110mm FACE BRICKWORK

0.2

0.6m

SCALE 1:20 CONCRETE SLAB PROTUDED WINDOW SILL

0

0.5

ALUMINIUM SKIRTING

1.5m

10mm PLASTERBOARD

NOT TO 1:50 SCALE SCALE

CARPET FLOOR FINISHES XPS INSULATION UNDER

DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE CONCRETE PAD FOOTING

0

0.2

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

4

ADAPTIVE-REUSE - SENIOR BLOCK

Thermal performance of the existing double brick wall is improved by the addition of insulation to increase its R-value, allowing heat to be retained during winter to reduce the electricity bill for extra heating. Single glazed windows are replaced with high performance argon gas filled low-e coating double glazed windows to reduce glaring and thermal conductivity. Roof which has reached its end of life will be replaced with a better performance insulated tile roof.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 62

ADAPTIVE REUSE SENIOR BLOCK DETAILED SECTION (REFINED)

PROJECT RESOLUTION | WEEK 10

ROOF R-VALUE - 5.3 m2K/W TERRACOTTA TILES 40mm AIR SPACE 190mm RAFTERS BATTENS BRADFORD ANTICON SARKING 150mm R4.0 BULK INSULATION 40mm R1.8 BRADFROD PIR RIGID INSULATION BOARD

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW R-VALUE - 3.1 m2K/W ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW

WEAP HOLE FIRST FLOOR Classroom

DISPLAY AREA WITH STORAGE BELOW

GUTTER FACIA BOARD

SACRIFICIAL TIMBER STUD 9mm IMPACT RESISTANT FIBRE CEMENT SHEET 90mm R3.86 KINGSPAN KOOLTHERM K17 RIGID THERMOSET PHENOLIC INSULATION

WALL TO ROOF DETAIL 0

0.2

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

TIMBER PERGOLA AS SHADING DEVICE

12 mm PLYWOOD SHEET 10 mm UNDERLAY ACOUTIC LINING 19 mm YELLOW TONGUE STRUCTURAL FLOORING

GROUND FLOOR Library

BRADFORD SOUNDSCREEN R2.0 ACOUSTIC INSULATION RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING

FLOOR TO WALL DETAIL 0

50mm CAVITY 110mm EXISTING FACE BRICKWORK

0.2

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

DOUBLE BRICK WALL R-VALUE - 4.4 m2K/W

RECESSED WINDOW AS SEATING BENCHES 0

0.5

STEEL GIRDER GENERAL POWER OUTPUT (GPO)

1.5m

14mm CARPET FLOORING (EXISTING)

NOT TO SCALE SCALE 1:50

EPS INSULATION UNDER

DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE

FOOTING TO GROUND DETAIL 0

0.2

EXISTING STRIP FOOTING

FLOOR R-VALUE - 3.4 m2K/W

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO - SENIOR BLOCK 3 Refined detailed section with addition of loose furniture to reveal its connection to the building envelope. First floorADAPTIVE-REUSE floor insulation is eliminated to reduce unnecessary addition cost as ceiling insulation is already adequate to provide heating to the space.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 63

DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

ADAPTIVE REUSE SENIOR BLOCK ENERGY MODELLING

PROJECT RESOLUTION | WEEK 10

Energy Modelling Comparison BASE MODEL

Daylight Analysis DESIGN MODEL

BASE MODEL

DESIGN MODEL

Solar PV Calculation

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

With the proposed strategy, the overall energy consumption has reduced significantly especially after the integration of PV panels. Through a 100% shift 5 DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS - SENIORANAL BLO 5 DAYLIGHT from gas to electricity as the energy source, the school can now have 52% of its energy contributed from the renewable energy.

Daylight analysis illustrates that most of the learning area are well-lit. With the under lit area, they are mostly services area. Specifically, the North facing classrooms are better lit comparing to the South facing classrooms. High efficiency LED artificial lighting might be required to lit up those classrooms.

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

4

ENERGY MODELLING - SENIOR BLOCK

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 64

NEW BUILD MULTIPURPOSE HUB DETAILED SECTION (EARLY VERSION)

PROGRESS | WEEK 10

WATERPROOF MEMBRANE

SEDUM GRASS LAYER 40mm TOPSOIL / TURF 120mm OLDRY XV 20 20mm

FASCIA

OLDRY MEMBRANE 3mm 2 x 30mm Lambabord

FASCIA FITTED WITH SAFEGUARD BRACKETS

30mm STRUCTURAL SHUTTERPLY ROOF TRUSS

ROLLER BLIND WITH PELMET RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING BRADFORD ANTICON R2.0 INSULATION BLANKET

ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW ALUMINIUM ANGLE TRIM TO CONCEAL WINDOW HEAD

BRADFORD R4.0 INSULATION 50mm CAVITY CLT STRUCTURE 10mm PLASTERBOARD TIMBER STUD TIMBER FLOOR FINISHES XPS INSULATION UNDER DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE CONCRETE PAD FOOTING

0

0.2

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

STUDIO 42 CO ZERO

7

NEW BUILD - MULTIPURPOSE HUB

2 Different from other building blocks, CLT with a lower embodied energy is used as the main construction material to accentuate its function as a central hub of the school. As mentioned earlier, green roof is constructed not only due to its aesthetic purpose, but also to increase the efficiency of solar panels.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 65

NEW BUILD MULTIPURPOSE HUB DETAILED SECTION (REFINED)

WATERPROOF MEMBRANE FASCIA FASCIA FITTEDROOF WITHCAPPING SAFEGUARD BRACKETS DRIP EDGE ROLLER BLIND WITH PELMET ROLLER BLIND WITH PELMET

PROJECT RESOLUTION | WEEK 10

SEDUM GRASS LAYER 40mm ROOF / TURF 120mm TOPSOIL R-VALUE 6.3 m2K/W OLDRY XV 20-20mm OLDRY MEMBRANE 3mm 17mm COLOURBOND DOUBLE SIDED TRIMDEK 2 x 30mm Lambabord PURLINS BRADFORD ANTICONSHUTTERPLY SARKING 30mm STRUCTURAL 90mm R2.0 BULK INSULATION ROOF TRUSS ROOF TRUSS RONDO KEYLOCK KEYLOCK CONCEALED CONCEALED SUSPENDED SUSPENDED CEILING CEILING RONDO BRADFORD ANTICON ANTICON R4.0 R2.0 INSULATION INSULATION BLANKET BLANKET BRADFORD 9mm PLYWOOD CEILING PANEL

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW R-VALUE - 3.1 m2K/W ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW

DOUBLE STUD WALL R-VALUE - 7.0 m2K/W 9mm PLYWOOD PANEL PRIMARY AIRTIGHT MEMBRANE SERVICE CAVITY 50mm AIR CAVITY

ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW ALUMINIUM ANGLE TRIM TO CONCEAL WINDOW HEAD

90mm R3.86 KINGSPAN KOOLTHERM K17 RIGID THERMOSET PHENOLIC INSULATION SECONDARY AIR BARRIER 19mm SHIPLAP CLADDING INSECT SCREEN METAL DRIP PARGE STUCCO PROTECTION LAYER OUTBOARD RIGID MINERAL WOOL INSULATION

BRADFORD R4.0 INSULATION 50mm CAVITY CLT STRUCTURE 10mm PLASTERBOARD TIMBER STUD

FLOOR R-VALUE - 3.4 m2K/W EXPOSED POLISHED CONCRETE TIMBER FLOOR FINISHES EPS INSULATION UNDER XPS INSULATION UNDER DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE GRAVEL DRAINAGE LAYER CONCRETE PAD FOOTING CONCRETE PAD FOOTING PERIMETER DRAIN SYSTEM

0 0

0.2 0.2

0.6m 0.6m

SCALE 1:20 SCALE 1:20

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO NEW BUILD - MULTIPURPOSE HUB 6 STUDIO 42 studs CO2 ZEROwall is proposed to increase the R-value. In terms of design 7intention for the green roof, it is not idealNEW BUILD - MULTIPURPOSE Double to install for a smallHUB area without apparent connection to its surrounding context. Hence, this idea is eliminated, and the roof now is proposed to be a timber structure metal roofing.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 66

NEW BUILD MULTIPURPOSE HUB ENERGY MODELLING

PROJECT RESOLUTION | WEEK 10

Energy Modelling Comparison DESIGN MODEL

Solar PV Calculation

Daylight Analysis

Similarly, renewable energy constitutes for more than half of the total energy, leaving only 40% of the energy required to be powered by electricity. Daylight analysis illustrates the three learning spaces facing North are well-lit whereas the under lit space is bathroom and storage area.

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO ENERGY MODELLING - MULTIPURPOSE HUB 7 Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 67

FINAL REVIEW Assessment Task 6

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 68

MULTIPURPOSE HUB REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 11

MIX MEDIA LAB

DECKING

ART SPACE 1

ART SPACE 2

STORE STORE

MAKER SPACE

0

1

NOT TO SCALE

3m

SCALE 1:100

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

Drama nook is not feasible in regard to the size. Hence, individual study place is proposed to replace the it.

MULTIPURPOSE HUB

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 69

MULTIPURPOSE HUB FORM EXPLORATION

PROGRESS | WEEK 11 ITERATION 2 NORTHERN VIEW

ITERATION 2 NORTHERN VIEW

ITERATION 1

ITERATION 2 WESTERN VIEW

Shed roof with 5-degree pitch is placed at different direction. North facing roof WESTERN ELEVATION will be integrated with solar PV. A clerestory window is located above the cenITERATION 1 to bring sunlight into the underlit southern area. tre circulation area

NORTHERN ELEVATION ITERATION 2 WESTERN VIEW

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

FORM ITERATION MULTIPURPOSE HUB ITERATION 2 NORTHERN VIEW

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

MULTIPURPOSE HUB

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

ITERATION 2 NORTHERN VIEW

WESTERN ELEVATION

ITERATION 2 WESTERN VIEW

However, clerestory window is supposed to be located facing South. Hence, second iteration was made to accommodate the changes.

FORM ITERATION MULTIPURPOSE HUB

Iteration 3 was made to allow for more interesting roof form. Gable roof was proposed to create a homey feeling and inviting atmosphere to the hub. Next, the middle circulation area is incorporated with a skylight. However, the edgy plan does not seem to create a gentle circulation path especially for the young students. Also, different type of roof form are not well-integrated to make it look as one building.

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 70

MULTIPURPOSE HUB REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 11

MIX MEDIA LAB

ART SPACE 1 BREAKOUT

STORE ART SPACE 2

WITHDRAWAL STORE MAKER SPACE

0

1

NOT TO SCALE

3m

SCALE 1:100

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZEROfor Planning

MULTIPURPOSE the hub is reconfigured and most of the edgy bits have been resolved. With this layout, there is a clear axis coming HUB through from the entrance. Students now have a clearer navigation path where all the learning areas are located on both side of the axis.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 71

MULTIPURPOSE HUB FORM EXPLORATION

PROGRESS | WEEK 11

SOUTH-WEST ELEVATION

SOUTH-WEST ELEVATION

EXTERIOR PERPSECTIVE

SOUTH-WEST ELEVATION

NORTH-WEST ELEVATION

EXTERIOR PERPSECTIVE

NORTH-WEST ELEVATION

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

M

XTERIOR PERPSECTIVE

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

MULTIPURPOSE HUB

NORTH-WEST ELEVATION

DIO 42 CO2 ZERO

PERSPECTIVE 1

PERSPECTIVE 2

The gable roof form is maintained to clearly dictate the three learning spaces from distance. Adequate outdoor seatings are proposed at multiple locations around the hub.

The skylight is replaced with a flat roof and the clerestory window is proposed to bring sunlight to the southern classroom and withdrawal spaces.

MULTIPURPOSE HUB

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 72

HALL REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 12

CHANGE ROOM

STORE

STAGE

SITTING AREA - 185 SQM SEATINGS - 364 SEATS STANDING AREA - 95 SQM STANDING ROOM - 190 OCCUPANTS TOTAL OCCUPANCY - 554

STORE

PLANT ROOM

0

1

CANTEEN

3m

NOT TO SCALE SCALE 1:100

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

HALL

Roof of the extended hall will be replaced, and thermal chimney will be installed to bring light in from the North.

Roof right above the stage area is slanted to the North to accommodate for solar PV installation. Next to the hall is the school entrance walkway and it will be designed with timber pergola to direct students to the covered walkway.

WESTERN ELEVATION

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 73

SENIOR BLOCK REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 12

DISCUSSION ROOM 1

STAFF STORE

QUIET AREA

DISCUSSION ROOM 2

More withdrawal spaces have been proposed to allow for

WITHDRAWAL HOMEROOMS

0

2

NOT TO SCALE

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

0

2

NOT TO SCALE

6m

SCALE 1:200

STUDIO 42 CO2 ZERO

equal accessibility from each homeroom. A quiet study area is incorporated to allow students to have their individual study or discussion area outside normal teaching period or during recess.

SENIOR BLOCK GROUND FLOOR PLAN Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 74

SENIOR BLOCK FIRST FLOOR REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 12

STAFF STORE

WITHDRAWAL HOMEROOMS

NOT TO SCALE

Windowsills intricately defined to better communicate the idea of learning street. To maintain visual line of sight, 4 withdrawal spaces are pulled out towards both eastern and western end, allowing northern and southern sunlight penetration.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 75

MULTIPURPOSE HUB REFINEMENT

PROGRESS | WEEK 12

CLAY/CERAMIC KILN

DISPLAY ART ROOM

DISPLAY

STORE MIX MEDIA LAB STORE

NOT TO SCALE

An addition of mix media lab has been added so that they can potentially be used as permanent demountable when the number of students continues to grow.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 76

MULTIPURPOSE HUB FACADE EXPLORATION

PROGRESS | WEEK 12

Explore faรงade materials with shiplap cladding. However, pergola is too thin for structural support. Seatings need to be better designed.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 77

MASTER PLAN (FINAL)

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

AINSWORTH ST

HALL EXPANSION -decommision gas boiler room -relocate washroom -roof replacement -new face for school entrance

STAGE III AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP PLAYGROUND

PLAYGROUND

STAGE II

LEARNING SPACE -addition of classrooms -library as a learning hub -redesign courtyard -landscapping for central oval OVAL

MULTIPURPOSE HUB -hub that facilitates specialist subjects -extend walkway as an shading device -acting as a permanent demountable for extra teaching spaces

EXTENDED LEARNING AREA -relocation of demountable -vege patch

STAGE IV

STAGE I

E

NOT TO SCALE

L PLAC

PROPOSED TREE

RYMIL

HEAT PUMP DUCTING

EXISTING TREE

CE

EXISTING SOLAR PV

ADDITION

PLA

NEW SOLAR PV

RENOVATION

BLE

SCO

EXTENSION

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 78

CARBON NEUTRALITY PROPOSAL

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

PASSIVE STRATEGY DAYLIGHTING

ORIENTATION

ACTIVE STRATEGY CROSS VENTILATION

GLAZING

SHADING

THERMAL MASS

RAINWATER HARVESTING

AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP

SOLAR PV

AINSWORTH ST

BLE

SCO E

L PLAC

RYMIL

CE

PLA

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 79

EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

New Main Entrance

Central Oval Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 80

MULTIPURPOSE HUB PLAN (FINAL)

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

CLAY/CERAMIC KILN

DISPLAY ART ROOM

DISPLAY

STAFF MIX MEDIA LAB

STORE

EXISTING TREE PROPOSED TREE

STORE

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 81

MULTIPURPOSE HUB PERSPECTIVES

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

Multipurpose Hub Exterior

Art Space Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 82

MULTIPURPOSE HUB SECTION

ROOF R-VALUE - 6.3 m2K/W

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

17mm COLOURBOND DOUBLE SIDED TRIMDEK PURLINS BRADFORD ANTICON SARKING 90mm R2.0 BULK INSULATION ROOF TRUSS

9mm PLYWOOD PANEL PRIMARY AIRTIGHT MEMBRANE

CONCRETE PAD FOOTING

SERVICE CAVITY 50mm AIR CAVITY

EXPOSED POLISHED CONCRETE EPS INSULATION UNDER

90mm R3.86 KINGSPAN KOOLTHERM K17 RIGID THERMOSET PHENOLIC INSULATION

ROOF CAPPING DRIP EDGE ROLLER BLIND WITH PELMET

DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE GRAVEL DRAINAGE LAYER

BREATHABLE MEMBRANE 19mm SHIPLAP CLADDING

WINDOW LINTEL

INSECT SCREEN METAL DRIP MALTHOID ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW LINE OF REVEAL BEYOND

RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING BRADFORD ANTICON R4.0 INSULATION BLANKET 9mm PLYWOOD CEILING PANEL

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW R-VALUE - 3.1 m2K/W

DOUBLE STUD WALL R-VALUE - 7.0 m2K/W

FLOOR R-VALUE - 3.4 m2K/W

GROUND TO WALL CONNECTION

WALL TO ROOF CONNECTION

ART ROOM

MIX MEDIA LAB

STORE

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 83

MULTIPURPOSE HUB PASSIVE STRATEGY

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

9mm PLYWOOD PANEL PRIMARY AIRTIGHT MEMBRANE

17mm COLOURBOND DOUBLE SIDED TRIMDEK PURLINS BRADFORD ANTICON SARKING 90mm R2.0 BULK INSULATION ROOF TRUSS

ROOF R-VALUE - 6.3 m2K/W

CONCRETE PAD FOOTING

SERVICE CAVITY 50mm AIR CAVITY

EXPOSED POLISHED CONCRETE EPS INSULATION UNDER

90mm R3.86 KINGSPAN KOOLTHERM K17 RIGID THERMOSET PHENOLIC INSULATION

ROOF CAPPING DRIP EDGE ROLLER BLIND WITH PELMET

DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE GRAVEL DRAINAGE LAYER

BREATHABLE MEMBRANE 19mm SHIPLAP CLADDING

WINDOW LINTEL

SHADING

GLAZING

SOLAR PV

DAYLIGHTING

CROSS VENTILATION INSECT SCREEN

THERMAL MASS

RAINWATER HARVESTING

METAL DRIP MALTHOID ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW LINE OF REVEAL BEYOND

RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING BRADFORD ANTICON R4.0 INSULATION BLANKET 9mm PLYWOOD CEILING PANEL

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW R-VALUE - 3.1 m2K/W

DOUBLE STUD WALL R-VALUE - 7.0 m2K/W

WALL TO ROOF CONNECTION

GROUND TO WALL CONNECTION

0

0

0.2

0.6m

0.2

FLOOR R-VALUE - 3.4 m2K/W

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

SCALE 1:20

ART ROOM

MIX MEDIA LAB

STORE

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 84

MULTIPURPOSE HUB ENERGY MODELLING & DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

ENERGY MODELLING

DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

ANNUAL ENERGY USE

Heating

Heating

Cooling

ITERATION 1

Fans

Cooling

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

Fans

Lighting

Equipment

Equipment

Lighting

ANNUAL ENERGY MIX

Solar

Electricity

Electricity

- All classrooms are well-lit - Underlit area is only for circulation purpose

Solar

ITERATION 2 (FINAL)

ANNUAL CO2e (EXC RENEWABLE)

Fans

Heating

Lighting

Equipment

Cooling Heating

Cooling

Fans

Lighting

Equipment

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 85

SENIOR HUB GROUND FLOOR PLAN (FINAL)

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

DISCUSSION ROOM 1

LIBRARY

STAFF

DISCUSSION ROOM 2

EXISTING TREE PROPOSED TREE

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 86

SENIOR HUB FIRST FLOOR PLAN (FINAL)

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

STAFF STORE

EXISTING TREE PROPOSED TREE WITHDRAWAL HOMEROOMS

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 87

SENIOR BLOCK PERSPECTIVES

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

Ground Floor Courtyard

First Floor Learning Street Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 88

SENIOR BLOCK SECTION

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW

150mm R4.0 BULK INSULATION

RECESSED WINDOW AS SEATING

DISPLAY AREA WITH STORAGE BELOW

ROOF R-VALUE - 5.3 m2K/W TERRACOTTA TILES 40mm AIR SPACE 190mm RAFTERS BATTENS BRADFORD ANTICON SARKING

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW R-VALUE - 3.1 m2K/W

SACRIFICIAL TIMBER STUD 9mm IMPACT RESISTANT FIBRE CEMENT SHEET

TIMBER PERGOLA AS SHADING DEVICE

40mm R1.8 BRADFROD PIR RIGID INSULATION BOARD WEAP HOLE

90mm R3.86 KINGSPAN KOOLTHERM K17 RIGID THERMOSET PHENOLIC INSULATION 12 mm PLYWOOD SHEET

50mm CAVITY

STEEL GIRDER

110mm EXISTING FACE BRICKWORK

GENERAL POWER OUTPUT (GPO)

BENCHES

14mm CARPET FLOORING (EXISTING)

10 mm UNDERLAY ACOUTIC LINING 19 mm YELLOW TONGUE STRUCTURAL FLOORING

EAVE LINING GUTTER

EPS INSULATION UNDER

BRADFORD SOUNDSCREEN R2.0 ACOUSTIC INSULATION

25 mm FACIA BOARD

DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE

RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING

WALL TO ROOF CONNECTION

STEEL ‘L’ ANGLE LINTEL

FLOOR TO WALL CONNECTION

EXISTING STRIP FOOTING

GROUND TO WALL CONNECTION

DOUBLE BRICK WALL R-VALUE - 4.4 m2K/W

HOMEROOM

FLOOR R-VALUE - 3.4 m2K/W

HOMEROOM NOOK

STAFF LIBRARY

COURTYARD

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 89

SENIOR BLOCK PASSIVE STRATEGY

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

ARGON GAS FILLED LOW-E COATING DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW

SACRIFICIAL TIMBER STUD

TERRACOTTA TILES 40mm AIR SPACE 190mm RAFTERS BATTENS BRADFORD ANTICON SARKING

9mm IMPACT RESISTANT FIBRE CEMENT SHEET

TIMBER PERGOLA AS SHADING DEVICE

GLAZING 150mm R4.0 BULK INSULATION

SOLAR PV

RECESSED WINDOW AS SEATING

DISPLAY AREA WITH STORAGE BELOW

ROOF R-VALUE - 5.3 m2K/W

SHADING

DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW R-VALUE - 3.1 m2K/W

40mm R1.8 BRADFROD PIR RIGID INSULATION BOARD WEAP HOLE

50mm CAVITY

STEEL GIRDER

110mm EXISTING FACE BRICKWORK

90mm R3.86 KINGSPAN KOOLTHERM K17 RIGID THERMOSET PHENOLIC INSULATION 12 mm PLYWOOD SHEET

GENERAL POWER OUTPUT (GPO)

THERMAL

BENCHES MASS

CROSS VENTILATION

10 mm UNDERLAY ACOUTIC LINING 19 mm YELLOW TONGUE STRUCTURAL FLOORING

EAVE LINING GUTTER

EPS INSULATION UNDER

BRADFORD SOUNDSCREEN R2.0 ACOUSTIC INSULATION

25 mm FACIA BOARD

DAMP PROOFING MEMBRANE

RONDO KEYLOCK CONCEALED SUSPENDED CEILING

WALL TO ROOF CONNECTION

FLOOR TO WALL CONNECTION

0

0

0.2

14mm CARPET FLOORING (EXISTING)

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

0.2

0.6m

SCALE 1:20

HOMEROOM

STEEL ‘L’ ANGLE LINTEL

DOUBLE BRICK WALL R-VALUE - 4.4 m2K/W

EXISTING STRIP FOOTING

GROUND TO WALL CONNECTION 0

0.2

0.6m

FLOOR R-VALUE - 3.4 m2K/W

SCALE 1:20

HOMEROOM NOOK

STAFF LIBRARY

COURTYARD

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 90

SENIOR BLOCK ENERGY MODELLING & DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

ENERGY MODELLING

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

ANNUAL ENERGY USE

Heating

BASE MODEL

Fans

Cooling Fans Lighting Heating

Equipment

Lighting

Equipment

ANNUAL ENERGY MIX Gas

Electricity

Electricity

Solar

Solar

DESIGN MODEL

- Area of overlit on ground floor has been reduced - Both North and South facing classroom are lit more evenly

ANNUAL CO2e (EXC RENEWABLE)

Heating

Fans

Lighting

Cooling Fans Heating

Equipment

Equipment Lighting

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 91

HALL PLAN (FINAL)

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

CHANGE ROOM

STORE

STAGE

SITTING AREA - 185 SQM SEATINGS - 364 SEATS STANDING AREA - 95 SQM STANDING ROOM - 190 OCCUPANTS

TOTAL OCCUPANCY - 554

STORE

PLANT ROOM

CANTEEN

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 92

HALL SECTION

GLAZING

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

CROSS VENTILATION

DAYLIGHTING

THERMAL MASS

SOLAR PV

PLANT ROOM

CANTEEN STAGE

NOT TO SCALE

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 93

TOWARDS CARBON NEUTRALITY CALCULATION

FINAL REVIEW | WEEK 13

SWITCH TO 100% ELECTRIC 200kWh AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMP

IMPROVE BUILDING ENVELOPE / GLAZING DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW WALL INSULATION ROOF INSULATION

EXISTING CARBON EMISSION (2019)

CO2

249,437 kgCO2E / YEAR ELECTRICITY NATURAL GAS

116,587 kWh / YEAR 248,159 kWh / YEAR

ON-SITE POWER GENERATION SENIOR BLOCK - 56,561 kWh/year MULTIPURPOSE HUB - 11,312 kWh/year HALL - 21,942 kWh/year TOTAL PV COVERAGE - 312 SQM ESTIMATED OUTPUT - 89,815 kWh / year

PASSIVE STRATEGIES SHADING ORIENTATION CROSS VENTILATION DAYLIGHTING

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 94

REFLECTION

Across all 6 assessments, the practicality of integrated design has been adopted starting from undergoing thorough research on renewable technologies, energy modelling on Sefaira down towards schematic and detailed design for Mawson Primary School. Working on an existing school is particularly captivating as it requires understanding of the existing building systems and fabric before any design processes commence.

Different to the past, the integrated studio leads to the consideration of both engineering and architecture aspects throughout the entire design processes. With the main driver of achieving carbon zero educational building, design iterations are to be tested at multiple attempts to obtain as lower energy consumption and carbon emissions as possible. Both active and passive strategy are to be taken into consideration to achieve greatest possibility of thermal comfort. Adopting energy modelling software from the Jacobs engineering consultants are appreciative as it is useful not only for the studio project, but also in the future industry.

From architecture perspective, designing for primary students are particularly interesting. It requires thoughts and ideas to generate fun and vibrant learning environments where children can feel the warmth and inclusive atmosphere. Essentially, unobstructive line of sights are paramount to keep the students at the safest condition from teaching staff. Intricate details are significant as design must evolve around the comfortable height of the students.

Among all, working on a bilingual school is engaging as learning spaces have to create maximum opportunity for collaborative team teaching.

In general, being one of two integrated design studios, CO2_Zero offers a great opportunity for integrated design exposure. Even though the studio commences online, extensive knowledge has been obtained particularly in the engineering aspects. Through the education program, conventional interdisciplinary thinking has been challenged with design including adapting, reusing and exploring new spatial configuration of both existing and new built fabric over a building life cycle. This skillset is extremely handy in future working industry.

Studio 42 CO2 Zero | 95

REFERENCES

Building Design 2020. (2013, February 14). CPD 1 2013: Phase-change materials. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https://www.bdonline.co.uk/cpd/cpd-1-2013phase-change-materials/5050027.article CIBSE Journal. (2015, April). Phase Change Material Case Study. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https://www.cibsejournal.com/ EL-Nwsany, R. I., Maarouf, I., & Abd el-Aal, W. (2019). Water management as a vital factor for a sustainable school. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 58(1), 303–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2018.12.012 Ford, B., Schiano-Phan, R., & Vallejo, J. (2000). The Architecture of Natural Cooling. LONDON, UK: Routledge.

Sayigh, A. (2014). Sustainability, energy and architecture: Case studies in realizing green buildings. Amsterdam: Elsevier/AP. Souayfane, F., Fardoun, F., & Biwole, P.-H. (2016). Phase change materials (PCM) for cooling applications in buildings: A review. Energy and Buildings, 129, 396– 431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.04.006

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