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ARE WE ALONE

ARE WE ALONE? find it out with spectroscopy

scared?

excited?

for:

a book that may lead you to the aliens

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This book is designed by Angie Zhou. All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission from the designer. Critics and reviews are very welcomed.

copyright by:

Angie Zhou

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Nasa research indicating that half of the stars in the universe are orbited by planets much like Earth has reignited speculation about the existence of alien life.

#1

what is star spectrum? how can we use it?

> light, spectrum

08-09

> what is what

10-11

> solar spectrum

12-13

> identify

14-15

> 3 elements

18-19

> 2 activities

20-21

#2

what do we need to come up with a planet with “life�?

fig. 01

00 fig. 02

fig. 03

fig. 04

fig. 05

#3

ways to meet aliens?

> history of aliens

24-25

> how long it takes

26-27

> how to communicate

28-29

> colophon

32-33

#4

what typeface? printer?

05

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07

> >

>

WHAT IS STAR SPECTRUM? HOW CAN WE USE IT?

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water, 0.6 > wavelength

and lights we see from a spectrum

WHAT IS THE SPECTRUM?

A spectrum is just a fancy term for the different c o l o r s o f l i g h t t h a t a r e c o m i n g f r o m a s t a r. I f y o u ’ v e ever shined light through a prism and seen the rainbow of colors that comes out the other end, then you’ve seen a spectrum. The light that comes to us from stars is very similar - although it looks to our e y e s l i k e i t i s j u s t o n e c o l o r, i t i s a c t u a l l y m a d e u p of many different colors. Astronomers can break up the light coming from a star (by using a technique similar to shining it through a prism) and measure h o w m u c h l i g h t i s c o m i n g a t e a c h c o l o r, a n d t h e y c a n use this information to figure out information about t h e s t a r, l i k e i t s t e m p e r a t u r e .

Also, the spectra that we see coming from stars often contain what look like dark lines at particular colors, which means there is much less light coming from the star at that color than at the nearby colors.

T h i s u s u a l l y m e a n s t h a t t h e s t a r ’s a t m o s p h e r e contains certain types of molecules which absorb l i g h t o f t h a t c o l o r, s o w e d o n ’t s e e a s m u c h o f i t c o m i n g f r o m t h e s t a r. A s t r o n o m e r s c a n u s e t h e information from these “spectral lines” to figure out what a star is made of.

AND MORE...

A lot of the light in the universe has a “color” that o u r e y e s a r e n ’t a b l e t o d e t e c t - e x a m p l e s o f t h i s light are radio waves, ultraviolet light, x-rays, e t c . E v e n t h o u g h w e c a n ’t s e e t h i s l i g h t , i t i s s t i l l being emitted by stars, and astronomers can build instruments which are able to detect it and look at its spectrum as well.

microwave, 0.01-1 > wavelength

09

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OVER 2 YEAR OF RE SEARC

20 RS ECH

11

types of different spectrums

WHAT IS WHAT

cool gas in front of hot source ABSORPTION SPECTRUM

hot gas in front of prism EMISSION SPECTRUM

hot liquid in front of prism CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM

01. Study line of sight velocitios

pulsatious of cosmic objects.

02. Study chemical composition and physical parameters of stars.

**

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6563 HALPHA

6300 OI 6364 OI

5577 OI

5200 NII

5001 NII

4861 HBETA

4652 N2 4709

4236 N2 4278

3914 N2 3914 N2 4058

12.13

auroural spectrum EMISSION SPECT

solar spectrum ABSORPTION SPE

m TRUM

ECTRUM

13

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IDENTIFY THE ELEMENT

BY NUMBERS?

mercury > 623,4 615,2 579 577 546,1 502,5 407,8

helium > 667,8 587,5 501,5 492,1 471,3 447,1 402,6

uranium > 700-400

what are we looking for out of all those numbers?

WHAT TO IDENTIFY

HOW...?

Put cool gas in front of hot source makes up the Absorption Spectrum. We will be able to identify the chemical element in cool metals. From there, we can either study the chemical composition and physical parameters of stars/galaxies or line of sight velocitios pulsations of cosmic objects.

15

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17

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3 EL MEN INDICA LI

LENTS ATE IFE

1 2 3

19

H H C H H

A planet with the following elements has the possibility of having life:

01. CARBON DIOXIDE 02. WATER 03. METHANE

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ash cloud

01. Study shows that an earth like planet always has Volcanic Activities VOLCANIC ACTIVITY diamonds

1 KM

explosive activity

21

ridge

trench

mantle

asthenosphere

outer core

inner core 02. Study shows that an earth like planet always has Tectonic Activities

TECTONIC ACTIVITY

2 ACTIVITIES

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23

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ALIE A O THE

how long have we been looking for aliens?

YES, ALIENS

ENS ARE OUT ERE

E.T? MONSTERS? According to ancient alien theorists, extraterrestrials with superior knowledge of science and engineering landed on Earth thousands of years ago, sharing their expertise with early civilizations and forever changing the course of human history.

Ancient alien theory grew out of the centuries-old idea that life exists on other planets, and that humans and extraterrestrials have crossed paths before. The theme of human-alien interaction was thrust into the spotlight in the 1960s.

its still something “unknown�

15

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01. Study shows that this planet has the possibility of having life on it.

SUPER-EARTH

HD 85512

35 LIGHT YEARS

3.6 TIMES EARTH’S MASSIVE

77 °F / 25 °C EARTH

19

MILLION YEARS / 755707763 YEARS

MILLION YEARS / 118079338 YEARS

MILLION YEARS / 30570702 YEARS

MILLION YEARS / 1381145 YEARS

HOW FAR ARE WE FROM ALIENS? Travel to HD 85512 by:

BY CAR

BY PLANE

BY SOUND

BY ROCKET

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23

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15

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