Petaling Jaya Civic Centre Report

Petaling Jaya Civic Centre Kennett lim roong xiang 0325031 Kang zi shan 0327605 Khoo yung keat 0324688 Kelvin shim kah vun 0331371

Contents

1.0 Introduction

1

This is a final project for Architecture Culture & History 2 (ARC 60203). The aim for this project is for us to documennng and analysing the buildings, which may face risk of being demolished, in order to preserve the historical evidence of the precious Modern Architecture. It requires us to form a group of 4 to 5 students to select a modern building around the Klang Valley to conduct a research and architectural analysis on the selected building. The building that we have chosen is the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre.

FAST FACTS OF THE BUILDING

The building of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre, which is also known as PJCC or Dewan Sivik. This building has taken 5 years to complete from the year of 1973 to 1978. Petaling Jaya Civic Centre building’s construccon has spent about RM 4 million and it has covered about 2.5 acres of the land with the built-up area of 49,113 square feet. This building aims to represent society’s civic values with a unique aestheecs of architectural. As the architect who designed this building was unable to idennfied, it has assumed designed by Dato’ Kington Loo, which is also the architect of Dewan Tunku Canselor Universii Malaya.

Besides th that, this Civic Centre is also known as Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya’s municipal building. This building has mull-funccon such as musicals, exhibiion, celebratory, performances and musicals. It also a good plaaorm for local residents to gathering which is also a good opportunity to let them enjoy the recreaaonal events.

Petaling Jaya Civic Centre is known as a well-known Brutalist building in Malaysia. It has be made up of few kinds of faciliies which is theater, six badminton courts, conference rooms, auditorium, and also others recreaaon faciliies.

In the year of 2001, the six badminton courts have renovated to a banquet hall which could fits 1000 people. The main lobby was also redesigned with a pointed-star plan layout. The currently capacity of the conference room could fit 100 people while the auditorium with air-condiioned could fit 1000 people.

It also had a facelii to into renovaang giving the exterior a black lavish look as seen in figure 1.1.

Figure 1.1 : shows the before and aaer shots of Petaling Jaya Civic Center.

Figure 1.2 : It is located at Jalan Yong Shook Lin, 46675 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia as seen in figure 1.1.

2

HISTORY

In the early 50's, Kuala Lumpur experienced congesson as a result of a rapid populaaon growth and squaaers exissng in the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur. To overcome this problem, the State Government idennfied "Effingham Estate", a 1,200-acre rubber plantaaon in Jalan Klang Lama to create a new seelement known as Petaling Jaya. e The party entrusted to govern the new seelement was the District Officer of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya Board before being taken over by a statutory body, namely Petaling Jaya Authority at the end of 1954.Petaling Jaya made history on 1 January 1964 when the Selangor State gazeeed a Township Board with financial autonomy to govern the city.

Figure 1.3 : Exterior of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre in 2014

On 1 January 1977, Petaling Jaya Town Authority was upgraded to Petaling Jaya Municipal Council (MPPJ), pursuant to the Local Government Act 1976 by the government. On 20 June 2006, Petaling Jaya Municipal Council was upgraded as Petaling Jaya City Council.

Now, the administraave area of MBPJ is 97.2 square kilometers which is rapidly growing. Petaling Jaya has a total populaaon of over 619,925 people and the number of property holding of 217,930. Petaling Jaya is now known as the leading growth centre in Selangor.

Government Act 1976 by the government. On 20 June 2006, Petaling Jaya Municipal Council was upgraded as Petaling Jaya City Council. Now, the administraave area of MBPJ is 97.2 square kilometers which is rapidly growing. Petaling Jaya has a total populaaon of over 619,925 people and the number of property holding of 217,930. Petaling Jaya is now known as the leading growth centre in Selangor.

Since 2006, the city has been led by four mayors. The previous mayors are listed as below based on the MPBJ’s counselor page: No.

MAYOR

TERM START

1

Ahmah Termizi Puteh

20 June 2006

28 August 2006

2

Mohammad Roslan Sakiman

28 August 2006

1 January 2013

3

Alinah Ahmad

1 January 2013

31 December 2004

4

Mohd. Azizi Mohd. Zain

1 April 2015

Incumbent

Table 1.1

Figure 1.4 : Exterior of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre in 2017

3

ARCHITECT

As the architect a who designed this building was unable to idennfied, it has assumed designed by Dato’ Kington Loo, which is also the architect of Dewan Tunku Canselor Universii Malaya. was an architect in Malaysia who belongs to the group who brought modernism to Southeast Asia in the wake of World War II. The firm he work for, Booty and Edwards, became a leader in the region. His mother, Lok Soh June, was an accomplished piano player and was the sixth daughter of millionaire businessman Loke Chow Kit; his father, the engineer Yuson Loo, was the grandson of prominent businessman Loke Yew. He was married and had a daughter, Ysa Loo. The building was designed by Projek Arkitek Kuala Lumpur in 1973 and construccon was ended in march 1978 with a total spending of RM4 million. The project covered about 2.5 acres of land and the building itself has built-up area of 49,113 square feet. Liile is known about the primary concept of the building, whether it was drawn from a civic society or its construccon was executed hand in hand with the urban development trends in the west.

The Petaling Jaya civic centre offers a 1028 seaang capacity air-condiioned auditorium, a 72-seat conference hall and originally had 6 badminton courts. Renovaaons took place in 2004 for 2 years and transformed the previously badminton courts to a 16, 692 square feet banquet hall and the main lobby was redesigned with a pointed-star layout. This building is one of the early prominent brutalist building in Malaysia.

4

2.0 Site Context Analysis

by Kennett Lim Roong Xiang 0325031

2.1 Building accessibility The main road, Jalan Yong Shook Lin, that splits down south surrounding the Taman MPBJ and forms a new path way that allows user to access the Civic Centre via the parking lot to the entrance of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre. The formaaon of the road structure acts as our site boundary.

Car users can allow their vehicles parked by the parking spots readied by the Civic Centre and the MPBJ

OďŹƒce Taman MPBJ Fire Staaon

Shop Lots

Parking Lot

MPBJ Mosque

PETALING JAYA CIVIC CENTRE N

LEGEND

Figure 2.1 : show the daily parking congessons that is within the site by the MPBJ and the PJCC.

Main road (Jalan Yong Shook Lin) Accesible road to Petaling Jaya Civic Centre Road ( Jalan Taman 7/6)

Figure 2.2 : is the front entrance of the Civic centre

6

Authorized Personnel

Parking Lot (designated)

Other Parking Lot

There is only one main entrance that leads into the lobby of this building that is from the parking lot. Users that wish to visit here is allowed to park their vehicles in the designated area in where it is a suitable and proper spot to acceptably enter the vicinity of the civic centre.

Whe Whereas, user can also opt to park their vehicles further away from the civic center's readied vehicle parking area, which is located by the Taman MPBJ or the other available open parking spots that is provided by the shopping lots or the MPBJ Government Service Building.

Figure 2.3 : master plan of the site.

Als Also, there is a less proper way to rest a user’s vehicle required that the user does not mind having the vehicle to being ďŹ ned as this space is reserved for authorized personnel only, Although the security of that area is taken lightly, parking the vehicle during heavy events is highly prohibited to park within this area.

Main Entrance Parking Area Figure 2.4 : oor plan of the Civic centre.

7

2.2 Relationship of Building to Surroundings The civic centre is placed in where government (and authority) service buildings are placed within at close proximity among with each other as well as a colleccon of convenient shop lots for a place where recess (eatery) or rest is conveniently obtained and carried out, and also car cartridges shop outlet is also placed here.

2

3 6

4

5

1 PETALING JAYA CIVIC CENTRE

8

1. MPBJ

The Petaling Jaya City Council (Malay: Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya, abbreviated MBPJ) is the city council which administers the city of Petaling Jaya in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. This council was established aaer the city was oďŹƒcially granted city status on 20 June 2006. Their jurisdiccon covers an area of 97 square kilometers.

The council consists of the mayor plus twenty-four councilors appointed to serve a one-year term by the Selangor State Government. MBPJ is responsible for public health and sanitaaon, waste removal and management, town planning, environmental proteccon and building control, social and economic development and general maintenance fu nccons of urban infrastructure.

Recently it has a renovaaon face-lii to match with the colors of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre.

2. Taman Jaya

Taman Jaya is a park that is popular with residents of Petaling Jaya to do jogging and recreaaonal accviies. Quiet garden is surrounded by a wide variety of trees and a beauuful lake, or just stroll the gardens and lake while enjoying snacks sold by dealers who operate near the lake.

3. Shop lots

Row of shop lots prepared with necessiies like car accessories, a computer shop, a bank, and a cafe.

9

4. Balai Bomba dan Penyelamat Petaling Jaya

Fire and Rescue Staaon Petaling Jaya was established in 1993 and operates in 1994.

5. Surau Seccon PJ 7, Surau Nur Ehsan

Surau Nurul Ehsan is a mosque located in the district of Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. It became the center of worship for the local community.

6. Menara Choy Fook Onn

Menara Choy Fook Onn is a 18 storey office building located within the new PJ town, close to Menara MBPJ. The building has over 227 parking bays and with easy parking in the vicinity and connected to numerous public transportaaon, this building is a preferred choice for many companies looking at the PJ State area. Well-established as a prime corporate address, its 120,000 square feet of first-class office space spread over 18-Storeys is occupied by a long list of reputable tenants.

10

2.3 Response to Climate This city has a tropical climate. Petaling Jaya has a significant amount of rainfall during the year. This is true even for the driest month. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as Af (tropical rainforest climate). The average temperature in Petaling Jaya is 27.0 °C. About 2438 mm of precipitaaon falls annually.

On average, the temperatures are always high.

• A lot of rain (rainy season) falls in the months: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December.

• On average, the warmest month is April.

• On average, the coolest month is September.

• April is the weeest month. This month should be avoided if you don't like too much rain.

• June is the driest month.

Figure 2.5 : shows the open space in where it promotes natural air to vennlate the area, and also for anyone to stay-in for proteccon and not a necessity for people to aaend or enter the building. Because of the tropical climate. The design of the roofing of the entrance clearly acts as a way that people can actually take shelter from oncoming rain as well as acts as a type of shade from the hot shinning sunshine.

Figure 2.6 : Above, surrounding vegetaaon acts as a natural drainage for colleccon of water for prevennon of rainwater flow onto the pathway. In addiion, the plantaaon of the shrubs and plants provides a much more greener environment as a sort of contrast of the greenery and the surrounding buildings.

11

3.0 Architectural Layout of Building

by Kennett Lim Roong Xiang 0325031

12

3.1 Circulation to Use Following its way of being a brutalist style architecture, the plan follows a type of more formed with repeated modular elements forming masses represennng specific funcconal zones, dissnctly arrculated and grouped together into a unified whole. Brutalist designs is the exposure of the building's funccons—ranging from their structure and services to their human use—in the exterior of the building.

In the Civic Ce Centre, the strikingly different and projected porrons of the building indicate the special nature of the rooms behind those walls, such as the banquet hall or auditorium.

Figure 3.1: show the overall modular linear floor plan of the Petaliing Jaya Civic Centre.

Auditorium

Lobby

Banquet Hall

The Civic centre does clearly direct its users to the designated areas that is produced. The areas are within an enclosed area accessible through the usage of a door.

Auditorium

Lobby

Banquet Hall

Entrance Figure 3.2 : Bubble diagram plan of the Civic centre

Entrance Figure 3.3: demonstrates the circulaaon paaern plan of civic centre is more to a linear modularize floor plan as user can expect to easily access the two spaces, auditorium and the banquet hall.

There is much movement in the auditorium hall as the seats does pose as an obstacle for usere to pass through one area to another; where as the banquet hall is a huge volumetric plan where it is very spacious thus, allowing user to freely walk. Furthermore, the auditorium has segregaaon of smaller rooms to be readied for performers .

13

3.2 Plan to Elevation Analysis BRUTALIST ARCHITECTURE Focuses more on the designated or intended use of a space thus resullng of a design that matches of the plan when constructed and will harmonize the whole element together into a combined whole. Main spaces that is created within the confined space of the Civic Centre is divided into 3 main centric area: BANQUET HALL, CONFERENCE ROOM AND AUDITORIUM. Brutalist buildings are created in a way with repeated modular elements forming masses represennng specific funcconal zones, thus creaang a unified mass.

Another common theme in Brutalist designs is the exposure of the building's funccons—ranging from their structure and services to their human use—in the exterior of the building. For Petaling Jaya Civic Centre instead, the cylindrical tower like structure from the façade imposes a sense of a part of the architectural element presented along with the building. Also, from within it provides user to excess the upper level of the Civic Centre.

From the diagrams of figure 3.4, the PJCC is a set of an example of forms follow funccon. The principal of the shape is based upon its intended use or purpose of the building. An example of it can be seen through the figure 3.5 that provides an illustraaon a way of the fuccon.

Figure 3.4 : Floor plan and the elevaaon of PJCC

Figure 3.5: depicts a picture and a plan diagram of the tower of the PJCC. It is reveals that the tower imposes a set of stairs from within the structure.

14

3.3 Organization Analysis 1. Symmetry and Balance ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE in where down the middle of the structure shows that where both sides look different but similar element presented on the frontal elevaaon of the structure. The similar look of the front elevaaon shows a sense of unity.

The brutalist style of the architecture rather reveals more of the dissnccve spaaal features of the building altogether. The space features where we can see in a way the volumetrically space relaaonship of one another is different and to promote a sense of use when user is experiencing it.

Figure 3.6 : Plan and elevaaon of PJCC

Figure 3.7 : several elements presented on the upper part of the façade contradicts the definiion of being it symmetrically balanced. The presented architectural element feature varies from both sides when its to be compared through the middle.

15

2.0 Geometry

ANGULAR mixed with REGULAR GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS forms up the whole structure.

The angular shape takes up mostly to form up a space within to allow an existence of special usage for the laaer. It also tries to emphasize the space that is going to be used rather than the regular paaern that shows more to a structural layout and also a way for foot traďŹƒc to ow throughout the Civic Centre.

Fi gure 3.8 : The diagram shows the massing plan layout of overall seeng of the PJCC. Made up of many combinaaon of regular shapes along with irregular shaping to compound a plan that uulizes spaces mostly.

Bru Brutalism refers to a dynamic geometric style that is massive, monolithic and blocky in appearance, and typically contains copious amounts of poured concrete. Geometrically strong bold compose.

Fi gure 3.9 : Geometrical layout produces such space that is put most to-use would be the Banquet hall and the Auditorium where huge volume is formed within. These main emphasis of spaces produced are derived by the composed of the addiion of mullple variable of shape.

16

3. Hierarchy

HIERARCHY depicts an organizaaonal structure in which items are ranked according to levels of importance.

In the sense of the civic centre, it is presented through a sense of hierarchical characterissc. It show a sense of spaaal order from within the building itself where the banquet hotel will lead to next is the auditorium.

Figure 3.10 : Elevaaon of PJCC

The volume of the space as a result of the geometrical layout paaern, it does adopt the feeling of descending as seen from the east to the west of the building when it is being observed.

Because of the openness of the hall it shows a sense of welcoming and drives user to enter the space first. th it also does give a sense of ‘open to public’ type Not only that, of feel. The openness of the grand hall promotes open civic accvity where public people can be allowed to enter freely whereas the bigger volume of the auditorium promotes a sense of ‘grand’ feeling. This will lead into a thought of private access only in where organized, proper/ grand accvity will be carried out. Also this exist a paaern of being a private usage on certain specific funccon of a use user.

Figure 3.11 : Floor plan of PJCC

17

4.0 Architecture Style Analysis

by Khoo Yung Keat 0324468

18

4.1 Brutalist Architecture

Figure 4.1 Le Corbusier and his building UnitĂŠ D‘Habitaaon

19

Comparing the Boston city hall and Petaling Jaya civic centre, the more convennonal designs of most of the other entries—typified by pure geometrical forms clad with sleek curtain walls—to introduce an arrculated structure that expressed the internal funccons of the buildings in rugged, cannlevered concrete forms which makes Petaling Jaya civic centre a brutalist architecture.

Figure 4.2 : Boston city hall

Figure 4.3 : floor plan arrangement layout of Boston City Hall and the PJCC

Figure 4.4 : Architectural elements presented on both buildings

Figure 4.5 : Interior public space presented in both buildings

20

4.2 PJCC Brutalist Architectural Style The design of brutalist architecture building depends on the form and placement of the funcconal rooms. The ship-like massive substructure of the Petaling Jaya civic centre is suitable to show the government’s power.

This sort of arrangement can create a emphasis of sort that represents in Malay culture of a supreme leader in our country of democraac power whilst upholding the legacy of a king.

Figure 4.6 : 2014’s and 2017’s Ship-like massive substructure of the PJCC

Based on the structure of the building represented on the PjJCC., it is clearly imagined that such inspiraaon could be derived from a Sultans’ headgear, Tengkolok Diraja (Royal headdress). For centuries Malay Rulers have worn head-dresses as part of their regalia. They have been wearing head-dresses made of embroidered silk folded in different styles since the days of the Mal Sultanate. The style of folding is called solek and Malay there are various styles depending on the tradiion of the royal family of the parrcular state

The Tengkolok Diraja and the ship-like massive substructure bares resemblance of each other. Both does reflect on its sense of purpose: Authority. Both brings and demonstrate administraave accons and order that dictates the countries character. Like each other, they both precedes law in a direccon to control their own designated area (respeccve state in Malaysia).

Figure 4.7 Elevaaon diagram of PJCC

Figure 4.8 Tengolok Diraja (royal headgear)

21

Brutalist architecture always emphasis on the main purposes and normally formed according to the funcconal areas and grouped together into a uniďŹ ed whole. The Petaling Jaya civic centre is divided into three main funcconal areas which is banquet hall, conference room and auditorium.

Figure 4.9 : Petaling Jaya civic centre oor plan

Other interessng elements such as the buuress and supporrng concrete columns provides the whole building a sense of security in terms of stability of the building even if the building is landscape oriented.

Figure 4.10 : Concrete columns of Petaling Jaya civic centre

Figure 4.11 : Buuress of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre.

Another example of local brutalist architecture : the Bank Negara of Malaysia.

Bank Negara Malaysia building share the same characterissc with the Petaling Jaya civic centre such as the staircase tower. It shows the design principle of brutalist architecture which emphasizing on the funcconality. The rounded corner staircase tower also provide a balance for the horizontal massive concrete forms.

Staircase tower of Petaling Jaya civic centre provides an illusion of blend along with the design layout of the building as well as to provide a staircase placement from within

Overall, the building layout and orientaaon reects its ancestral heritage of it being a brutalist architectural style. Given elements like its rawness and modular arrangement along with its plan-to-use, the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre does brings out the overall brutalism with a mix of Malaysian cultural heritage of the building.

22

4.3 PJCC Interior Elements

Besides, the use of floral ornamented wooden doors and the royal color of Malaysia which is the yellow carpet are also influenced by the islamic architecture.

IFigure 4.12 : Interior furnishing provides the feel of custom of Malaysian culture giving it a feel of exquisiteness and a sense of luxury throughout the interior of the building. Malaysian Islamic architectural style presented within the building reflects the Islam character in our country, Malaysia.

23

5.0 Building Construction, Structure & Materials Analysis

by Kang Zi Shan 0327605

24

The facade of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre can be clearly seen that it is constructed with concrete. The appearance is raw and massive which is strongly influenced

by Brutalist Architecture. The desgin was inspired by Le Corbusier's Brutalist architecture where alot of Le Corbusier's architectural elements can be seen at Malaysia.

Le Corbusier was a pioneer of modern architecture and most influennal architects during the 20th century. His most influence towards the world was the evoluuon of the architecture style from Internaaonal-style modernism to expressionissc buildings rendered in concrete.

His aarchitecture emphasized simplisiic, where approach him to experiment with “Béton Brut”. This French term is meaning of raw concrete which showed the style by exposed rough concrete and wooden form textures where the concrete will been poured.

“Poured concrete freed architecture from posts and beams and it's the best method to express Brutalist Architecture.” (Trivialist, 2009). They use Béton Brut, which is a French term of Raw Concrete, as a main element for the whole construccon. Although the surface of the building is smooth, but it is lee roughly-finished to enhance the expression of structural materials.

Figure 5.1 : Image of exterior wall before with concrete finished and aaer renovaaon of painnng of overall façade of building

25

5.1 Structure Concrete can produce a wide range of forms and it's a ideal working material for large scale of building such as the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre.

With its limited tension resistance, reinforcement steel bars was embedded in the concrete in order to improve the compressive strength. Therefore, the structure of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre used Reinforced Concrete.

Figure 5.2 : Diagram of Reinforced Concrete Beam.

Figure 5.3 : Showing the large columns.

5.2 Foundation Foundaaon type used for the building is depends by the load of the whole strcuture and also the soil condiion. Due to the heavy use of concrete, the building required to use Deep Foundaaon - Precast Reinforced Concrete Pile Foundaaon.

Precast Reinforced Concrete Pile is cast and cured in a cassng yard and transport to the site. The pile will be driven into the soil unnl a certain level or reaches the rock bed by using a hydraulic hammer.

Load Structure

Steel

Pile Cap Low Density

Concrete

Medium Density

Liiing Hook

High Density Figure 5.4 : Diagram of Precast Reinforced Concrete Pile

26

5.3 Walls The wall of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre was used Load Bearing Wall system which provide support to the heavy load of the roof. The load bearing wall also created a massive look which is exactly a Brutalist Architecture element.

As the concept of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre is mainly focused on the funcconality, the raw appearance was lee as it is. And also, the philosophy of Brutalist Architecture is emphasized on the nature of material should not be hidden and avoided unnecessary flourishes, therefore, the exterior concrete wall of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre was not painted.

Figure 5.5 : Exterior Wall of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre before renovaaon were to take place.

5.4 Roof

The in situ construccon method was used due to the load bearing wall. They will install the reinforced steel bar according to the drawings and prepare mber formwork around it. AAer the formwork was checked by civic structure, the concrete will be poured into the formwork. The formwork will be removed once the concrete is formed and dried.

Most of the interior walls although are also concrete wall, but will be plastered to give a smooth finished.

The roof was strongly inspired by Le Corbusier's Ronchamp floaang roof which made it became the most significant part of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre. The roof was also constructed starrng with formwork with curve shape. It also used off form concrete construccon method to produce a smooth finished.

The use of concrete for the roof is extremely suitable in Malaysia's tropical climate as it can insulate the outside heat and help to cooling down the building. Especially at a tropical country, during the monsoon season, the sturdiness of concrete can also withstand the harsh rains and winds.

Figure 5.6 : Exterior Wall and roof of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre.

Figure 5.7 : The interior of the roof.

27

5.5 Interior The interior of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre was mostly designed with granite, marble and mber which creates a warm atmosphere and welcoming feeling for the users. It also creates a contrassng feeling with the raw concrete exterior which is cold feeling. The interior can be dissnguished into three spaces,

1. Lobby

The wall and ooring in the lobby were cladded with marble. The receppon counter was also used the marble which created a grand feeling for the whole lobby. The ceiling was plastered and painted with white to blend with the lighhng so that the interior will be more brighter.

Figures 5.8 : Interior of the Lobby and Marble Receppon Counter.

28

2. Auditorium Auditorium is a hall built for speeches or stage performances. The Auditorium in the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre was designed for beeer transmits and amplifies sound with curved movement. Rows of seats posiioned in curve not only for beeer alignment towards the stage, but also to achieve a beeer perceppon of each other.

Cushion materials that allows sound dampening to absorb very high pitch sounds that proves to be an annoyance thus a slig slight disturbance and affect the comfort of teh people.

audi The floor slope inside the auditorium was constructed with a decline towards the stage to enhance the users' view. It is covered with carpet for sound-absorbing to reduce the amount of echoing which is the most important objeccve in designing an auditorium.

The wall used mber paneling to enhance the aestheec and acoussc effect. Especially the backstage wall was constructed with panels to reflect sounds towards the users. It also produces a comfortable and warm feeling to the users in the auditorium.

Figure 5.9 : Rows of seats posiioned in curved and Timber Paneling Walll

Timber walls allow sound overall sound refleccon to every possible area in the room.

Figure 5.10 : Floor Slope and Carpet Flooring.

Figure 5.11 : Acoussc Seccon of the Auditorium

29

3. Banquet Hall Banquet Hall is a hall for the purpose of hossng a party, banquet, wedding or other social event. It was designed to have a grand feeling and can accommodate a large number of users. The high ceiling inside the banquet hall is also plastered with white which helps the hall to become brighter and of course to transmit the sound throughout the hall.

There is a mber stage in the banquet hall to provide entertainment for the users as they can have performances or speeches on it. The stage wall is covered with a felt kind of material which will absorb sound to help to reduce the echo.

Some of the walls are accompanied with the soo sound dampeners to insulate the sound from trasmit in and out.

Timber paneling is mostly used in this banquet hall for the walls and columns. It gives a warm feeling as welcoming the guests. The carpet ooring which is also act as an absorbent of sound used the similar color code with the mber to reduce the visual contrast.

Figure 5.12 : Interior of the banquet hall.

Figure 5.13 : Showing the soo sound dampeners and mber.

30

5.6 Comparison of Construction Method and Materials A western comparison to the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre is the Notre Dame du Haut designed by Le Corbusier. It is a Roman Catholic chapel located in Ron champ, France. Both buildings share a similar form but with different architectural style. The Petaling Jaya Civic Centre is Brutalist Architecture while the Notre Dame du Haut is Modernism Architecture. It is interessng to find out the different of construccon method and materials on both look alike buildings.

Figure 5.14 : Petaling Jaya Civic Centre

Figure 5.15 : Exterior of the Notre Dame du Haut

Figure 5.16 : Showing the rawness of Notre Dame du Haut roof.

SIMILARITIES

DIFFERENCES

31

6.0 Architectural Elements/Components Analysis

by Kelvin Shim 0331371

32

1. Interior Walls Non-parallel surface was used by the auditorium’s interior walls. As it is built by a curvy form, it will break up the standing sound waves.

The materials are used by this auditorium’s wall is to trapped the sound within the room which can prevents the noises in the hall leak out. Wood is also being used in this auditorium wall as it will help to reduce the echo in the room.

Figure 6.1 represents he view captures the inside of the auditorium of feeling of luxury oriented as the warm colors aids the viewers watching performances more enjoyable and comfortable.

2. Doors

Figure 6.2 shows the frontal entrance design of Petaling Jaya Civic Centre.

For the wall of the banquet hall, there are few more decoraaons because it is the place to held important events. Wood wall panel which has some cushions on it was being built in this auditorium due to it has the funccon of noise cancelling. There are also some paaerned decorate on the cushions which the decoraaon is the come from the style of western.

The main entrance of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre was designed by automated sliding glass door. The material they chose was a reflected glass door because it can provide a sense of security. Besides that, the used of glass material in the building was also one of the design features of Brutalism architecture.

Figure 6.3 In the auditorium, wood door has been chosen as the main material and it show some simple decoraaon with floral carving on the surface of the door. However for the banquet hall, a large centre-hung glass door has been installed.

33

3. Windows

This building is lack of windows. Most of the window was fixed on the wall which cannot be opened or adjusted. Minimal usage of windows in the building also represents one of the design elements for the Brutalism architecture. The material used for this building is clear glass so that it allows the natural daylight enter into the building. The advantages of using natural daylight is to reduce the polluuon of mother nature. Furthermore, using natural daylight is to enhance energy saving and promote the general comfort of the interior space.

Figure 6.4 shows the oculus paaern window design along with the 12 point star of from within the building.

4. Lighhng

Lighhng plays a vital role for Civic Center as different types of light results different experiences in the building. This building is using arrficial light because there is not natural light enter the building as it is lack of windows. Chandelier is being used in the banquet hall, Figure 6.5. The purpose of the four chandeliers are to provide the bright light to enlighten to the whole hall as it installed in every single row above the pathway to make the users more convenient.

Besides that, the lighhng in the auditorium, figure 6.6, is not as bright as the banquet hall and the light has been set dimmer. This is because the audience seats are not as important as the stage. The lights shine brightly to the stage because it is the main focus in the auditorium. On the top of the stage, there is an opening to let the natural light enter to it. The lighhng on the stage is to get aaennon from the audience to focus what’s happening on the stage.

Figure 6.5 shows the Large chandeliers in the banquet hall illuminaang along with the recessed lighhng.

Figure 6.6 This picture shows the interior lighhng of the auditorium.

34

5. Staircase Tower

Another symbolic part of the civic centre is the staircase tower. The staircase tower located at the main entrance of the building and the purpose is to show the symmetry and balance to the façade. A louver steel shuuer has been installed to each of the staircase tower so that the natural daylight can enter into the interior space of the building. Besides that, it can also reduce the temperature inside the building because it contains of vennlaaon purpose. With this funccon, more fresh air can be flow inside the building and would not feel dense.

Figure 6.7 reveals the louver steel shuuer of that of before (lee) and aaer (right) has been installed in the staircase tower

6. Roof

The roof of the building was built by concrete. The purpose of the roof’s structure is to help cooling the building. Concrete is one of the insulaaon from the outside heat and it is helpful for the tropical climate of Malaysia.

During monsoon season, the structure of the roof could also help for the wear and tear that has caused by the harsh rain. Due to the roofing system of the civic centre is outside visible range from the elevaaon view, it can be observed from the image from Google Earth, figure 6.9 as the use of concreate beam, the column for the value of aestheec and to hold up the adjacent structure. Due to there was no any single sight of natural light entry from the ceiling or roof, so it has to use the installed arrficial lightning.

Figure 6.8 This picture shows the roof plan of Civic Center using Google Earth.

Figure 6.9 This picture shows the roof design of the building when under renovaaon.

35

7. Flooring The floors of the Petaling Jaya Civic Centre’s main lobby are using ceramic, marble and granite finishes. This building has emphasized Islamic architecture as it was redesigned with the 12-pointed star plan layout as vividly seen in figure 6.10

Figure 6.10 This picture shows the 12-pointed start moof on the floor of the lobby..

Carpet flooring has chosen for the banquet hall’s flooring type. This is because the use of carpet flooring is to absorb noise as when users are walking around the banquet hall and the noise would be absorbed.

The carpet for the ennre hall was paaerned by 12-pointed stars and the carpet’s color has shown the glow of sunshine which will lead the guests feel brighter and warm which is suitable for some events that will be held in this hall..

For the auditorium, it is using carpet flooring too but the color is royal red which makes the guests feel elegance and cozy environment. As the carpet is known as noise absorbance, this will help to reduce the leak out of noise from the hall which will not affect the other users in another space.

Figure 6.11 showcases the carpet flooring of the banquet hall.

Figure 6.12 This picture shows the floor design of the auditorium.

36

7.0 Conclusion

Petaling Jaya Civic Centre that is magnificently constructed to be an emphasis point to be a dedicaaon for public accvity use. Also, The PJCC is able to meet the requirement it being a Brutalist style architecture image whilst having a mix of Malaysian Islam culture to be embed with it to produce a fine set piece of architectural landmark open to public. Its incorporaaon of local architectural styles with westernized style of brutalist structure made the PJCC to be more of a stand-out and being apart of its self, being individualissc that set apart from western architecture. Moreover, the PJCC is able to communicate with the architectural styles in sense of components, forrtude, expression, expressive usage of raw materials (before renovaaon). The style presented in this magnificent landmark marks a further step of progression for Malaysia to up it’s game in the architectural world that can be furthered compared amongst the many architectural, whether brutalist or not, styles that exist around the globe. All in all, the PJCC should be looked aaer and to be treated with care to preserve its remarkable style for future generaaons to come.

37

8.0 References 2.0 Site Context Analysis and 3.0 Architectural Layout of Building

- Center, P. (2017). Petaling Jaya Civic Center. Google.com. Retrieved 27 May 2017, from hhps://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1VuuD-mhBBMdDaLY0h5iyUs5QCxg&hl=en&ll=3.0968720000000087%2C101.64530400000001&z=17 - Welcome To eBooking Portal. (2017). Etempahan.mbpj.gov.my. Retrieved 27 May 2017, from hhp://etempahan.mbpj.gov.my/eTempahan/public/locaaonInfo.htm?type=of&cat=dewan&fid=1 - Dewan Sivik MBPJ - Civic Centre. (2017). Time Out Kuala Lumpur. Retrieved 27 May2017, from hhps://www..meout.com/kuala-lumpur/things-to-do/dewan-sivik-mbpj-civic-centre - Auditorium MBPJ Civic Centre, P., Petaling Jaya, M., & service, P. (2017). Auditorium MBPJ Civic Centre, PJ - Petaling Jaya, Malaysia - Community centre, Professional service | Facebook.

Audi Facebook.com. Retrieved 05 June 2017, from hhps://www.facebook.com/pages/Auditorium-MBPJ-Civic-Centre-PJ/374468602630439 - Lumpur, M. (2017). MBPJ Civic Centre Auditorium. Evennul. Retrieved 05 June 2017, from hhp://evennul.com/venues/mbpj-civic-centre-auditorium-/V0-001-009238165-3 - Councilor's Profile. (2017). Official Portal of Petaling Jaya City Council (MBPJ). Retrieved 07 June2017, from hhp://www.mbpj.gov.my/en/mbpj/management/councilors-profile - Portal Rasmi Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya (MBPJ). (2017). Portal Rasmi Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya (MBPJ). Retrieved 07 June 2017, from hhp://www.mbpj.gov.my/ - Ehsan, S. (2017). Surau Nur Ehsan. Foursquare. Retrieved 07 June 2017, from hhps://foursquare.com/v/surau-nur-ehsan/4e54b60ca8093d27cca8e6df - Menara Choy Fook On, PJ State / Petaling Jaya. (2017). Avenuebizc.com. Retrieved 07 June 2017, from hhp://www.avenuebizc.com/properres/menara-choy-fook-on-pj-state-petaling-jaya/ - Limited, E. (2017). Menara Choy Fook Onn. Klcc-office.com. Retrieved 08 June 2017, from hhp://www.klcc-office.com/index.php?go=properres&id=141&locaaon=2 - King.R, (2008), Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya: Negooaang Urban Space in Malaysia, Singapore: ASAA Southeast Asia Publicaaon Serie - Lee.K.C., The Straits Times, 6 March 1958 (pg.4) - Lee.K.C., The Straits Times, 13 January 1965 (pg.5) - King.R, (2008), Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya: Negooaang Urban Space in Malaysia, Singapore: ASAA Southeast Asia Publicaaon Series - Poh.R., (27 April 2009), The Edge Malaysia: PAM Honor for Masjid Negara Architect, issue: 752.

- Koay.A., (26 March 2003), The Star: Kington Among Men.

4.0 Architecture Style Analysis

- hhp://www.mimoa.eu, M. / . (n.d.). Unit. Retrieved June 06, 2017, from hhps://www.mimoa.eu/projects/France/Marseille/Unit%E9%20d%27habitaaon%20Cit%E9%20Radieuse

38

8.0 References - Boston Wants Your Ideas For Reimaging City Hall Plaza. (n.d.). Retrieved June 06, 2017, from hhp://www.wbur.org/artery/2015/03/09boston-city-hall-plaza-ideas- McClelland, Michael, and Graeme Stewart, "Concrete Toronto: A Guide to Concrete Architecture from the Fiiies to the Sevennes," Coach House Books, 2007, p. 12.

5.0 Building Construccon, Structure and Materials Analysis

- Hill, J. (2017). Design Icons: Le Corbusier, Pioneer of Modern Architecture. Houzz. Retrieved 28 May 2017, from hhps://www.houzz.com/ideabooks/12917425/list/design-icons-le-corbusier-pioneer-of-modern-architecture - Brutalist architecture: a concept made concrete. (2017). Ft.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017, from hhps://www...com/content/4dcac1fe-be25-11e2-9b27-00144feab7de Bru - Brutalism, I., Brutalism, H., Brutalism, C., & Today, B. (2017). BRUTALISM:ONLINE - Brutalism. Brutalism.online. Retrieved 02 June 2017, from hhp://brutalism.online/brutalism - (2017). Retrieved 02 June 2017, from hhps://www.quora.com/Brutalism-What-was-the-appeal-of-Brutalist-architecture - Béton brut. (2017). En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved 03 June 2017, from hhps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ton_brut Winston, A. (2017). Le Corbusier's Ronchamp chapel is one of his most important buildings. Dezeen. Retrieved 04 June 2017, from - Win hhps://www.dezeen.com/2016/07/24/le-corbusier-notre-dame-du-haut-ronchamp-chapel-france-unesco-world-heritage-list/ - Neufert, E., Neufert, P., & Kister, J. (2012). Neufert (4th ed.). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

6.0 Architectural Elements / Components Analysis

- (2017). Retrieved 12 June 2017, from hhp://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/06/design- principles-composiional-balance-symmetry-asymmetry/ - (2017). Retrieved 12 June 2017, from hhp://www.malaysiadesignarchive.org/an-influence-of-colonial-architecture-to-building- styles-and-moofs-in-colonial-ciies-in-malaysia/ Brutalism - Ching, F. (2014). The Encyclopedia of Malaysia: Architecture. Singapore: Archipelago Press.

- (n.d.). An Influence of Colonial Architecture to Building Styles and Moofs in Colonial Ciies in Malaysia.

39

8.0 References Source of Figure Figure 1.1 : The Sun. MPBJ. 2013, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 1.2 : Google maps Table 1.1 : Petaling Jaya City Council. 2016. MPBJ Figure 1.3 : Evelyn. PJCC. 2014 Figure 1.4 : Lim, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 2.1 : Lim, Ken. Carpark view and MPBJ of Petaling Jaya. 2017 Figure Figu 2.2 : Lim, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 2.3 : MPBJ. 2001 Figure 2.4 : MPBJ. 2001 Figure 2.5 : Lim, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 2.6 : Lim, Ken. PJCC greenery. 2017 Figure 3.1 : MPBJ. 2001 Figure 3.5 : Lim, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure Figu 3.7 : Lim, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 4.1 : Mediacache. 2003 Figure 4.2 : Wbur. Boston city hall. 2015 Figure 4.3 : Barbara Champgna. 2003-2005, MPBJ. 2001 Figure 4.4 : Barbara Champgna. 2003-2005, Keat. PJCC. 2017 Figure 4.5 : Barbara Champgna. 2003-2005, Evelynn. PJCC. 2014 Figure 4.6 : Source: Evelynn. PJCC. 2014, Keats. PJCC. 2017 Figure Figu 4.7 : Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 4.8 : Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 4.9 : MPBJ. 2003 Figure 4.10 : Keat. PJCC. 2017 Figure 4.11 : Keat. PJCC. 2017 Figure 4.12 : BNM. 2015 Figure 5.1 : Long. PJCC. 2015, Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure Figu 5.2 : Shan. RC Beam. 2017 Figure 5.3 : Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 5.4 : Shan. Foundaaon. 2017 Figure 5.5 : Long. PJCC. 2015 Figure 5.6 : Keat. PJCC architectural style analysis. 2017 Figure 5.7 : Evelyn. PJCC. 2014 Figure 5.8 : Long. PJCC. 2015, Evelyn. PJCC. 2014 Figure Figu 5.9 : Evelynn. PJCC. 2014 Figure 5.10 : Evelynn. PJCC. 2014 Figure 5.11 : Shan. Seccon Drawing. 2017 Figure 5.12 : Evelynn. PJCC. 2014 Figure 5.13 : Long,Tan. PJCC. 2015 Figure 5.14 : Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 5.15 : Dezeen. Notre Dame du Haut. 2016

Figure 5.16 : Dezeen. Notre Dame du Haut. 2016 Figure 6.1 : Long. PJCC interior. 2015 Figure 6.2 : Long. PJCC interior. 2015 Figure 6.3 : Toh, peck. PJCC Elements. 2013 Figure 6.4 : Long. PJCC interior. 2015 Figure 6.5 : MPBJ, 2003 Figure Figu 6.6 : MPBJ, 2003 Figure 6.7 : MPBJ.2003, and Ken. PJCC. 2017 Figure 6.8 : Google satellite. 2009 Figure 6.9 : Google satellite. 2009 Figure 6.10 : MPBJ. 2001 Figure 6.11 : MPBJ. 2001 Figure 6.12 : MPBJ. 2001

40