Project Management: Project 1

Hemingway Residences North Haven Coalfields

Project Management (MGT60403) Assignment 1: Defining and Documenting A Project (Terrace) Tutor: Ar. Sateerah

Goh Jyia Whey (0324910) Jordan Tok Wen Xuan (0327629) Khoo Yung Keat (0324688) Liew Cherng Qing (0322613) Tan Yang (0328025) Wong Lieng Kam (0323566)

Content 1.0 Introduction 1.2 Assignment Introduction 1.1 Project Introduction 1.3 Summary of Project Details 2.0 Organization Structure of Project 2.1 Team Members and Roles & Responsibilities 2.2 Matrix Project Organization Structure 2.3 CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd Company Organization Structure 2.4 CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd Architectural Practise

2.5 Organization Culture 3.0 Stakeholders 3.1 Key Stakeholders 3.2 Internal Stakeholders 3.3 External Stakeholders 3.4 Stakeholder Register 4.0 Implementation Phases 4.1 Schematic Design Phase 4.2 Design Development Phase 4.3 Contract Documentation Phase 4.4 Contract Implementation & Management Phase 4.5 Final Completion Phase 5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 6.0 Risk and Solution 6.1 Risks 6.2 Risk and Strategic Action Plans 7.0 Procurement 7.1 Management Procurement Process 7.2 Standard Forms of Contract Advantages of Management Procurement Process Disadvantages of Management Procurement Process 8.0 Success Criteria 8.1 Cost 8.2 Scope 8.3 Time 9.0 Conclusion 10.0 Appendix 11.0 References

Chapter 1

Introduction 1.0

1.1 Assignment Introduction 1.2 Project Introduction 1.2.1 Overall Concept 1.2.2 General Design Features 1.2.3 Concept & Space Layout 1.2.3.1 Superlink 1.2.3.2 Semi-detached 1.3 Summary of Project Details

1

1.1 Assignment Introduction This project introduces students to the definition of project management by working on a model of a project as a case study. The students will be introduced to the roles of a project manager, client, project teams that consist of consultants in various fields and other stakeholders involved in a project life cycle. They will learn how to identify project objectives and goals while understanding the implementation strategies to achieve a satisfactory project completion.

2

1.2 Project Introduction 1.2.1 Overall Concept Hemingway Residences @ North Haven Coalfields is a residential development is nestled against the hillside and arranged to face the existing central park to take advantage of the view of green landscaping. Buildings are designed with a north/south orientation to minimize any heat gain internally.

The intention of the development is to harmoniously merge the building with the surrounding natural landscape. The rumpus units were initiated to follow the natural terrain of the site and this allows residents to have maximum scenic views of the Central Park below. As one enters the development, they are brought through a linear boulevard lined with trees to celebrate a grand entry. They are then greeted with the development’s own landscaped park before dispersing to their residential units.

1.2.2 General Design Features The Semi-Detached and Super Link homes at Precinct 4A are designed to have an impression of a contemporary outlook with a tropical pitched roofline cladded with clay tiles creating a welcoming and homely neighbourhood. The width of the gate entrance and length of the driveway and car porch gives a sense of grandeur for each units. The high ceiling and window height, especially for the semi-detached units, are maximized for views and to enhance the spaciousness of the interior. The layouts are also designed to facilitate natural cross ventilation 1.2.3 Concept of Space & Layout i) Super Link (Type A, B and C) There are three types of Super Link homes in this development. Type A is the smallest unit, however, still accommodates 4 bedrooms and all bedrooms on the first floor have en-suite bathrooms.

Type B is more spacious for those that requires that extra built-up area. Type C is a 2 and a half storey unit with a rumpus area on the lower ground floor. Residents are able to enjoy unobstructed view of the central park from the lower ground floor level. The living, dining and dry kitchen are also arranged in an open concept to boast bigger ground floor area. All types has a guest bedroom on the ground floor with an attached bathroom. ii) Semi-detached (Type D, E and F) Residents who prefer to have more land areas can opt to own the Semi-Detached homes, as the land area is relatively substantial (40’ x 100’ min). Each unit consists of four bedrooms and four bathrooms.

All bedrooms on the first floor have en-suite bathrooms to ensure privacy. For Type E, with bigger built up area, there is an extra bedroom on the first floor that is connected with the master bedroom. Residents can opt to use this as a nursery or a home office. The living, dining and dry kitchen is open to one another to create a bigger space as one enters the unit. There is a guest bedroom on the ground floor with a guest bathroom adjacent to it for easy access. The wet kitchen is tucked away from plainview to provide better privacy for cooking activities.

3

1.1 Project Introduction 1.2.3.1 Super Link (Type A, B and C)

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1.1 Project Introduction 1.2.3.2 Semi-detached (Type D, E and F)

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

1.2 Project Introduction 1.2.1 Summary of Project Details Name: Hemingway Residences Address: Hemingway Residences, North Haven Coalfields, Sungai Buloh Developer: KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd Completion Date: 23/06/2018 Type: Super Link & Semi-Detached Tenure: Freehold Number of Units: 252 Super Link: 1.

Type A (67 Units) 2.

Type B (55 Units) 3.

Type C (36 Units) Semi-Detached: 1.

Type D (52 Units) 2.

Type E (28 Units) 3.

Type F (14 Units) Land Area: 1000 Acres

20

Chapter 2

Organization Structure of Project 2.0

2.1 Team Members and Roles & Responsibilities 2.1.1 Architect 2.1.2 Quantity Surveyor 2.1.3 Civil Engineer 2.1.4 Structural Engineer 2.1.5 Mechanical & Electrical Engineer 2.1.6 Contractor 2.2 Matrix Project Organization Structure 2.3 CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd Company Organization Structure 2.4 CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd Architectural Practise

2.5 Organization Culture

21

2.0 Organization Structure of Project 2.1 Team Members and Roles & Responsibility 2.1.1 CL + O Architects Sdn Bhd Architect Involvement in project: 1.

Schematic Design Proposal 2.

Design Development 3.

Contract Documentation 4.

Contract Administration 5.

Post Construction The architect’s role is the project team leader for the project, especially in terms of design. The architect was given the flexibility to propose the design for Semi-Detached and Super Link housing configuration categorization of the houses by phase, the masterplan of the site itself. It is then collaborated with all other consultants to ensure the design is functional and workable with considerations of other details and specifications. The architect conducts all communication with the consultants, making sure all changes can be made accordingly to achieve the best outcome for the Semi-Detached and Super Link houses project.

2.1.2 MQS CONSULT Quantity Surveyor Involvement in project: 1.

Schematic Design Proposal 2.

Design Development 3.

Prepare Contract Documentation 4.

Prepare Tender Documents 5.

Prepare Bill of Quantities The quantity surveyor’s role came out with estimation cost, as well as tender the overall costing for the costing for the overall project. The quantity surveyor take part in the project at an early stage to grasp the idea and the design approach for the project, managing and comparing the cost for both design team and construction team’s preferences.

2.1.3 TYL PERUNDING SDN BHD Civil Engineer Involvement in project: 1.

Design Development 2.

Contractor Documentation 3.

Contract Implementation and Management

22

2.0 Organization Structure of Project 2.1.4 DATUM AC ENGINEERING CONSULTANT Structural Engineer Involvement in project: 1.

Design Development 2.

Contractor Documentation 3.

Contract Implementation and Management The civil and structural engineer collaborated with the architect to understand the design intent of the project, as well as facilitating the architect in the application of its design into its structural framings and the construction process. There were variations of housing configuration seen in the development.

Thus, coordination is important to ensure that the construction systems is in order and doesn’t disrupt other elements in the buildings such as piping system.

2.1.5 Syterra Consult Sdn Bhd Mechanical & Electrical Engineer Involvement in project: 1.

Design Development 2.

Contract Documentation 3.

Contract Implementation and Management The role of the mechanical & electrical (M&E) engineer is to coordinate with the architect during the schematic design and design development, implementing HVAC, plumbing and electrical utilities for every housing units and facilities in the development. As there are different typologies included in the project, the M&E engineer are tasked to locate the utilities to complement and enhance each design, while serving its functional roles. The utilities are mostly hidden within ceiling, plasterboard wall and electrical room under staircase for space saving and a sleek finish.

2.1.6 CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd Contractor Involvement in project: 1.

Contract Documentation 2.

Contract implementation and Management 3.

Final Completion The role of contractor is to employ or engage construction workers or manage construction work.

Contractors include sub-contractors, any individual self-employed worker or business that carries out, manages or controls construction work. They must have the skills, knowledge, experience and, where relevant, the organisational capability to carry out the work safely and without risk to health.

Contractors and the workers under their control are most at risk of injury and ill health from construction work. Therefore, contractor have an important role in planning, managing and monitoring their work to ensure any risks are controlled.

23

2.0 Organization Structure of Project 2.2 Matrix Project Organization Structure Client KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd

Project Manager KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd

Architect CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd

Structural Engineer Datum Ac Engineering Consultant

Mechanical & Electrical Engineer Syterra Consult Sdn Bhd

Quantity Surveyor MQS Consult

Civil Engineer TYL Perunding Sdn Bhd

Contractor CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd Figure 2.1: Organization Chart of Hemingway Residences Project

24

2.0 Organization Structure of Project 2.3 CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd Company Organization Structure Architects CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd

Director

Director

Director

Ar Chiam Chin Yong

Ar Martin Lee

Ar Lenny Oh

Associates

Associates

Ar Farihah Yaakub

Ar Ben Lim Kok Beng

Assistant Architect

Assistant Architect

Aaron Lye

Jeanette Pang

Assistant Architect Jessmine Lee

Assistant Architect Sim Shau Jiunn

Figure 2.2: Organization Chart of CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd

25

2.0 Organization Structure of Project 2.4 CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd Architectural Practise Architectural practices in Malaysia can be categorised under Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Body Corporate and Multi-Disciplinary Practice. This is determined by Lembaga Arkitek Malaysia (LAM) with the requirements listed under Section 7A of the Act and General Circular No. 2/2004. CL+O Architects Sdn. Bhd. is a medium organization which comprises about 30 members and 2 design teams. It is categorized as a Body Corporate as they fulfill the requirements below: 1.

2.

3.

4.

The board of directors shall be an Architect; The body corporate shall have a minimum paid-up capital of RM 50,000; The shares shall be held by members of the board of directors solely or with any other persons who are Architects; Name of body corporate shall refrain from being pretentious or ostentatious or of such nature that may negatively affect the dignity of the profession or place it in a position of possible ridicule.

2.5 Clan Organisation Culture Working culture in CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd is family-like, with a focus on mentoring, nurturing, and “doing things together”, which focuses on teamwork, participation and consensus. As a medium organization, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd encourage the culture of working like family, . CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd is committed to creating collaborative solutions to respond to the unique characteristic of each project. CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd’s approach to design is mentoring. Thus employer commitment and employee engagement are thought to promote empowerment and loyalty that will drive productivity and business success.

26

Chapter 3

Stakeholders 3.0

3.1 Key Stakeholders 3.2 Internal Stakeholders 3.3 External Stakeholders 3.4 Stakeholder Register

27

3.0 Stakeholders 3.1 Key Stakeholder Clients are the most important stakeholder among all as they provide resources for the whole project.

The clients accept full authority for the project and stand to win or lose the most in terms of the outcome of the project.

As they are the paymaster for the project, they are not replaceable and they have the right to change the internal stakeholders if they are not performing well.

Type of Stakeholder

Position of Stakeholder

Company Name

Key Stakeholder

Client

KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd

3.2 Internal Stakeholder In construction industry, internal stakeholder such as architect, consultants and contractor will directly influence or be affected by the project as they need to ensure the given task is processing smoothly.

Thus, if they are not performing well, the clients have the right to eliminate them and bring in new internal stakeholder.

Type of Stakeholder

Position of Stakeholder

Company Name

Internal Stakeholder

Architect

CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd

Structural Engineer

Datum Ac Engineering Consultant

M&E Engineer

Syterra Consult Sdn Bhd

Quantity Surveyor

MQS Consult

Civil Engineer

TYL Perunding Sdn Bhd

Contractor

CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd

28

3.0 Stakeholders 3.3 External Stakeholder In construction industry, external stakeholders such as local authority, suppliers, end users and nearby residents are indirectly influenced and affected by the project in a significant way. For instance, local authority can affect the progress of a project as the construction must be approved by them.

Type of Stakeholder

Position of Stakeholder

Company Name

External stakeholder

Utility Provider / Company

Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB)

Government Authority

BOMBA

Local Authority

Majlis Daerah Kuala Selangor (MDKS)

Utility Provider / Company

Indah Water Konsortium (IWK)

Utility Provider / Company

Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn. Bhd. (SYABAS)

Utility Provider / Company

Tenaga Malaysia (TM)

Why Should We Have Stakeholders?

Stakeholders can assure the tasks and responsibility are distributed evenly and it is easier for client to follow up the whole project.

29

3.0 Stakeholders 3.4 Stakeholder Register A Stakeholder Register is created to document who is impacted by the project and their influence and impact on the project. It helps to classify, identify and assess the stakeholders of the project. It contains information to deal with stakeholders who have different levels of interests and impacts on the projects objectives.

It provides information of all key project stakeholders and their attributes. Stakeholder register should be created as soon as the project charter is signed. Doing so in the early stage of the project will help to complete the project with minimum hassle.

30

Chapter 4

Implementation Phases 4.0

4.1 Schematic Design Phase 4.1.1 Basic Services under Schematic Design Phase 4.1.2 Conceptual Design 4.1.3 Design Proposal 4.1.4 Client and Development Order 4.2 Design Development Phase 4.2.1 Basic Services under Design Development Phase 4.2.2 Preparing Drawing 4.2.3 Client Approve 4.2.4 Building Plan Submission 4.3 Contract Documentation Phase 4.3.1 Basic Services under Contract Documentation Phase 4.4 Contract Implementation & Management Phase 4.4.1 Basic Services under Contract Implementation & Management Phase 4.4.2 Construction Period 4.4.3 Authority Inspection 4.5 Final Completion Phase 4.5.1 Basic Services under Final Completion Phase 4.5.2 Certificate of Practical Completion (CPC) 4.5.3 Certification of Completion and Compliance (CCC) 4.5.4 Defect Liability Period (DLP) 4.6 Case Study (Current Project) 4.7 Final Accounts of Contract & Account Closing

31

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.1 Schematic Design Phase 4.1.1 Basic Services under Schematic Design Phase The Basic Services that may be provided by the architectural consultancy practice under the Schematic Design Phase shall be any or all of the following: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

taking the client's instructions and analyzing the project brief; preparing preliminary conceptual sketch proposals to interpret the project brief; developing the preliminary conceptual sketch proposals into sketch designs to a stage sufficient to enable an application to be made for planning approval or approval in principle as required under any relevant laws; preparing preliminary estimates of the probable construction costs based on the current area, volume or other unit costs; where applicable, preparing and submitting drawings and other necessary documents to the relevant approving authorities for either town planning approval or approval in principle as required under any relevant laws.

4.1.2 Conceptual Design In this case, the client, KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd, approached CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd to request design inputs for residential development on both superlink homes and semi-detached homes designs. After the consultant, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd received the invitation from the client, KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd as consultant architect, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd then issued an official project brief to seek for design proposal.

Based on the client’s brief, the consultant will determine the project from the given areas, physical requirements and relationships of all the required building spaces and components, then confirms or revises the total building square footage and the total project budget, which will be attached with a rough cost estimate to each option to aid the client in selecting a design that meets both their aesthetic preferences and budget requirements.

4.1.3 Design Proposal Development drawings were prepared and reviewed by client. The client also have the opportunity to request any modifications to make to their preferred design. Once design has been selected and confirmed, the process of refining the design will begin, which includes a complete description of building systems (structural, mechanical, HVAC, plumbing and electrical), interior and exterior finishes and the building site. It provides control strategies for all equipment and systems relating to building services such as security and fire alarms and defines the technical requirements for phones, data, cable and audio-visual needs, as well as the project schedule and occupancy dates.

32

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.1.4 Client and Development Order KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd conduct meeting with client, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd to discuss the budget and design of Hemingway Residence, North Haven Coalfields also to compliance with authority by preparing and submitting drawings and other necessary documents to the relevant approving authorities for either town planning approval or approval in principle as required under any relevant laws. Once authority commented on the project’s design, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd returned to other consultants to make amendments until the overall design satisfied the client’s needs and preferences. When the design and planning have been approved by KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd, the completed development order drawings are then submitted to the local authority, MDKS, for approval.

4.2 Design Development Phase 4.2.1 Basic Services under Design Development Phase The Basic Services that may be provided by the architectural consultancy practice under the Design Development Phase shall be any or all of the following: 1.

2.

3.

4.

upon approval of the sketch designs by either the relevant approving authority or the client, developing schematic design drawings to a stage to enable other consultants to commence their detailed design work; preparing working drawings and submitting the same together with all the necessary particulars to the relevant approving authorities to obtain building approval; updating the preliminary estimates of construction costs and submitting the same to the client for his approval; updating the project planning and implementation schedule and submitting the same to the client for his approval.

33

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.2.2 Preparing Drawing Upon waiting for the approval of the submitted Development Order drawings, the architect and consultants started to translate the sketch designs into the drawings in detail digitally, such as the building plans. CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd will be started to amend the plans into floor plans, sections, detailings as well as door and window schedules, included with the types of uses of materials and textures. CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd will distribute the amended drawings to other consultants for further detailing according to their respective scope of work. The Civil & Structural engineer, TYL Perunding Sdn Bhd and Datum Ac Engineering Consultant, both prepared detailed structural plans.

The M&E Engineer, Syterra Consult Sdn Bhd prepared detailed mechanical and electrical plan. Based on CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd and the other consultants’ drawings and detailings, the quantity surveyor, MQS Consult, drafted out an overall cost estimation to tally with the budget given. MQS Consult also obtained specifications of the materials from other parties and started to scout for suppliers for the best price.

4.2.3 Client Approval With the completed drawings and set of preliminary cost estimation, a Client Consultant Meeting (CCM) was held with KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd to update the project’s progress and to obtain approval. During the meeting, aspects such as the building design, plan drawings and other consultants’ progress will be discussed. An agreement between the architect and client will be made regarding to the amendments and cost adjustments.

4.2.4 Building Plan Submission Once KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd approved and agreed with all the drawings and specifications prepared during the meeting, submission of the building plan drawings will be submitted to the local authorities, included Bomba and MBSA, to obtain both building approval and permit on safety, as well as to obtain rules, regulations and building codes under Uniform Building By-Law approval. CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd will later held a technical meeting with the local authorities which allow them to inspect the building plan drawings’ detailing and specifications. The local authorities will be giving advice on things to be improved to ensure the plans will be approved. Once the building plan drawings were approved, the Design Development Phases comes to an end.

34

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.3 Contract Documentation Phase 4.3.1 Basic Services under Contract Documentation Phase The Basic Services that may be provided by the architectural consultancy practice under the Contract Documentation Phase shall be any or all of the following: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Upon approval by the client of the updated preliminary estimates of construction costs and the project planning and implementation schedule, preparing and finalizing detailed drawings and other particulars necessary to the stage of completion sufficient to enable bills of quantities to be prepared; In collaboration with other consultants, preparing all documents necessary for obtaining competitive tenders for the works; Inviting, on behalf of the client, tenders for the works or collaborating with other consultants engaged by the client to do so; Evaluating the results of the tenders and submitting a report and recommendation to the client; Awarding the contract on behalf of the client; Preparing the building contract documents, either alone or in collaboration with other consultants appointed by the client, for signature between the client and the contractor.

35

4.0 Implementation Phases Architectural building plans and engineering plans are prepared and only submitted by qualified architect and engineer. Local authorities such as MDKS & BOMBA are then in charge of requirement compliance approvals of the drawings.

During the months prior to building plan approval, the time was utilized for the contract documentation phase. Tender document will be prepared by the Architect and Quantity Surveyors.

Architect (CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd) did not have to go through competitive open tenders but still have to fill in particulars that includes summary of cost of total sum and time of contract period. CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd were required to pay a tender deposit when collecting tender documents, which were also utilized to cover contract documents preparation cost.

CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd are then awarded and to prepare legally binding contract agreements for relevant parties. Example of contract documents includes: articles of agreement, conditions of agreement, contract bills, form of tendering, summary of tender, letter of acceptance, specifications and contract drawings. The tender documents were done using the contract of PAM Form 2006 with quantity (Lump Sum) as a guideline which empowers the Architect to evaluate claims.

With elaborated tender drawings produced, the quantity surveyor, (MQS Consult), produced and formalised the contract bills, which consists of the bill of quantities, accompanied with tender drawings.

The Contract Bills are the final form of bills of quantities agreed upon which includes full specification, form of tendering, conditions of tendering, instruction to tenderers, measured work, PC/PS and final sum and appendices including letter of acceptance.

The architect and quantity surveyor both work hand in hand with Civil Engineer (TYL Perunding Sdn Bhd) Structural Engineer (Datum Ac Engineering Consultant) to finalise practical tender drawings.

Then Project Manager (KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd) dealt with the Management Contractor (CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd) on timeline, conditions of constructions, drawing specifications matters.

Sub-contractors did not have to go through open tender process, and were selected by Management Contractor. Lump Sum Contracts are employed.

36

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.4 Contract Implementation & Management Phase 4.4.1 Basic Services under Contract Implementation and Management Phase The Basic Services that may be provided by the architectural consultancy practice under the Contract Implementation and Management Phase shall be any or all of the following: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Performing all functions and duties of the architectural consultancy practice under the terms and conditions of the building contract; Advising the client on the site staff required for the project and estimating the cost and duration of their employment; Providing information and issuing instructions to the contractor as required under the terms and conditions of the building contract to enable the contractor to proceed with the works; Examining the works programme submitted by the contractor and to be satisfied that the works can reasonably be completed within the contract period; Inspecting the works at periodic intervals so as to ensure that the works are being executed in accordance with the building contract and to issue a certificate of practical completion.

37

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.4.2 Construction Period Since CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd was awarded and as management contractor / construction manager, all subcontractors and suppliers are awarded by them. Construction drawings and schedules with project’s milestone and timeframes are provided to the subcontractors at the same time.

However, detailed drawings are not provided unless confirmed, giving the flexibility of change in detailed designs during constructions. (Figure 4.1 & Figure 4.2) Details of the projects, management of site safety hazard, information boards, hoardings, workers’ quarters, meeting room and other facilities are being managed and constructed by CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd before the construction work began.

During construction, site inspections are constantly conducted to issue Non-Compliance Reports to consultants and subcontractors, identifying defects during construction. It is also to make sure completion of project according to sub-timeframes with Gantt Chart as guideline. Site meetings were held periodically for consultants to update the client regarding the subcontractors’ work progress.(Figure 4.3 & Figure 4.4). Request For Information (RFI) is submitted by sub-contractors to management contractor on any inquiries. Quantity Surveyor, MQS Consult also constantly paid attention to any additional cost or construction fees to report.

Extension of Time (EOT) is requested near completion and granted to delay completion date from 22nd of June 2018 to 31st of August 2018, whilst the actual delay is only a day and completed on 23rd of June 2018, as per seen from Progress of Works and Gantt Chart.

4.4.3 Authority Inspection CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd arranged for authorities to be present on site and conduct inspections in order to obtain authority approval. Authorities such as TNB, Sewerage Services Department (SSD) and SYABAS will examine and test the performance of electrical installations, sewage systems and water pump systems respectively.

Hemingway Residences @ North Haven Coalfields is located in Mukim Ijok, Kuala Selangor. The district falls under the govern of Majlis Daerah Kuala Selangor (MDKS). Inspections were conducted on site by authorities with the arrangement of CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd to obtain the approval.

Authorities such as TNB, Sewerage Services Department (SSD) and SYABAS will examine and test the performance of electrical installations, sewage systems and water pump systems respectively.

38

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.4.2 Construction Period

Figure 4.1: Gantt Chart from Preliminaries work to the completion of infrastructure work

39

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.4.2 Construction Period

40

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.4.2 Construction Period

Figure 4.3: Final update on Progress of Works

41

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.4.2 Construction Period

Figure 4.3: Photos showing the progress of Infrastructural Work

Figure 4.4: Photos showing the progress of Physical work

42

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.5 Final Completion 4.5.1 Basic Services under Final Completion Phase The Basic Services that may be provided by the architectural consultancy practice under the Final Completion Phase shall be any or all of the following: 1) issuing a certificate of completion and compliance for building after being satisfied that the building is fit and safe for occupancy; 2) certifying as-built drawings and submitting maintenance manuals together with all warranties to the client; 3) issuing a certificate of making good defects after being satisfied that all defects to the building have 'been rectified; (d) preparing final accounts for the contract and issuing a final certificate of payment to the contractor.

4.5.2 Certificate of Practical Completion (CPC) CPC was issued by the architect to the main contractor when the architect is satisfied with all the physical works being completed in the building, the CPC also allows for full collection of payment for the contractor excluding the retention sum pending the end of the Liability Defect Period (LDP) in which then only the retention sum would be released to the contractor. The CPC also legally declares the end of contractor’s liability other than making good defects.

4.5.3 Certification of Completion and Compliance (CCC) CCC is issued by the Principal Submitting Person (CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd) when all technical components imposed by the local authorities are complied with. Forms G1 to G21 has to be certified and received by the local authorities as well. The PSP has to certify in Form F that he supervised the erection and completion of the building and he believes the building has been constructed and completed in accordance with the by-laws and the approved plans. Within 14 days of the insurance of CCC or partial CCC, PSP must deposit a copy of relevant certificates and Forms G1 to G21 with the local authority and the Board of Architects Malaysia or Board of Engineers Malaysia. Once CCC is obtained, the building is now deemed fit for usage and occupation. (Figure 4.5) 4.5.4 Defect Liability Period (DLP) Defect Liability Period or known as “product warranty” holds. This is when a retention sum is kept for a certain month(Based on the project scale) period to ensure that any damages or defects that happen within this period will be covered by the contractor in charge. After that, the remaining money will be given to the contractor. The retention sum kept by the architect is at 5% the total contract sum(Figure 4.6). Under Housing Development Act Malaysia, the defect liability period for a Residential housing project spans 24 months and above, which similar with the case of Hemingway Residence.Under the PAM contract sub-clause 15.3 (Figure 4.7), it allows the Architect to issue instructions requiring any defects, shrinkages or other faults appearing within DLP due to materials or workmanship not in accordance with the Contract. (Figure 4.8) Such instruction for rectifying defects, shrinkages or other faults can no longer be issued after 14 days from expiry of the DLP. After the defects had been made good, Architect will issue the Certificate of Making Good Defects (CMGD).

Defects can be classified into two categories; 1) Patent Defects - Defects that are discovered by normal examination or testing 2) Latent Defects - Defects that are not discoverable by normal examination and only appears after a period of time

43

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.5 Final Completion

Figure 4.5: CCC issuance process

Figure 4.6: Document Showing the total contract sum of the project and the durations of DLP (45 months).

44

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.5 Final Completion

Figure 4.7: Flow Chart of PAM contract sub clause 15.3, showing the process involved from issuance of CPC and DLP.

Figure 4.8: List of defects for contractor to rectify.

45

4.0 Implementation Phases 4.5.6 Case Study Currently, the construction works for the Hemingway Residence is completed and the final inspections were completed with approval and confirmation from all parties. The project is still awaiting the approval for G Forms to obtain the Certificate of Completion and Compliance (CCC) from local authority. After the CCC is approved and received, only then will CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd certify as-built drawings and submit maintenance manuals together with all warranties to the client, KL-Kepong Country Homes Sdn Bhd. After delivering the CCC and building to the client, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd will do a round of inspection to identify defects in the building within the defect liability period. Subcontractors are also responsible to rectify the defects and make any alignments prior to CL+O Architects’ comment. After the building defects are rectified, CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd will issue a Certificate of Making Good Defects (CGMD) to the subcontractors to signify that all works are completed. A final account will be issued by both the quantity surveyor, MQS consult, to indicate the overall costing which the client, KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn. Bhd, will have to pay to the rest of other parties.

4.5.7 Final Accounts of Contract & Account Closing Final account of contract is the final sum of the completed project by the contractor. Usually, there would always be adjustments to the contract sum, the amount paid to the contractor at the completion of works and the adjustments to the final sum are usually caused by the following; ● Variations & Fluctuations ● Additions and alterations to the works ● Payments to subcontractors and suppliers ● Payments related to testing and opening-up of works ● Loss, damages and expenses ● Third party claims due to contractor’s operations ● Remaining amount in retention Usually, the final account is calculated after the CCC certificate has been issued and agreeing to the final amount is a long and complicated process, where it is prone to disputes as all sides would have to come to a common agreement with the calculated adjustments. To avoid these disputes to the final amount, the costs are tracked throughout every phases of the project as records, making it easier to audit the records for any discrepancies.

For account closing, contractor would be responsible for submitting the full particulars complete with supporting documents within 3 months after the issuance of the CPC Certificate. The architect(CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd) and quantity surveyor (MQS Consult) are responsible for issuing the Final Certificate for the final payment within 3 months.

46

Chapter 5

Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.0

5.1 Implementation Tools 5.1.1 Architects 5.1.2 Quantity Surveyor 5.1.3 Mechanical & Electrical Engineer 5.1.4 Civil & Structural Engineer 5.2 Monitoring Tools 5.2.1 Gantt Chart 5.2.2 Site Inspection 5.2.3 Meeting Minutes 5.2.4 Defect List 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report

47

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.1 Implementation Tools By investing in technology, an organisation is able to undergo organisational changes that lead to faster and economically efficient operations that are particularly required in construction industry.

Thus, technology has had a profound effect on human development and the advancement of civilisation. Various software are used by the consultants such as Autocad, Sketchup, Excel and so on.

5.1.1 Architects Autocad is a good and common software for architects to draw plans and convey the idea and details to everyone, but there are some difficulties for public users to visualise the project in a 2D view. Thus, to let public users get a better image of the building, Sketchup is brought in to enhance the understanding of a project through digital 3D modelling.

Architects use Microsoft Excel to produce some graphs and Gantt charts to show the timeline and progress of a project. Besides, Microsoft Word is used to document and produce some letters and even defect lists.

Autocad

Sketchup

Microsoft Excel

48

Microsoft Word

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.1.2 Quantity Surveyor

Quantity Surveyors use Autodesk Quantity Takeoff to estimate and calculate the cost, it makes everything become easier, faster and more accurate. After quantity surveyor calculated, the need to use Microsoft Excel to arrange and organize all the calculated cost.

Quantity Take Off

Microsoft Excel

5.1.3 Mechanical and Electrical Engineer M&E use Autocad to refer the drawings that produced by architect to arrange the space for aircond, plumbing, sanitary, electricity and so on. From that, they will need to base on a software which names “E20 carrier”, this HVAC system designer is able to estimate and analyse the building load and energy.

Besides, based on the span guidelines, Microsoft Excel is used for the plumbing. For sanitary, they based on “Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines Vol 3 & Malaysian Standard MS 1402 code of Practice for Sanitary Systems in Building Part 1 - Design” to calculate and organize the data in Microsoft Excel.

Besides, they based on Suruhanjaya Tenaga guidelines to analyse the electrical data and organize them in Microsoft Excel.

Autocad

E20 Carrier

49

Microsoft Excel

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.1.4 Civil and Structural Engineer Autocad is a must for C&S to understand the drawing that produced by architect and draft some civil engineering structure such as drainage, road, sewerage and so on. Besides, they have to use ETABS to design and analyze concrete buildings & steel structures in order to resist gravity and lateral loads such as seismic & wind. It’s mainly used to design vertical elements such as columns, walls & bracing.

In addition to, horizontal elements such as beams and slabs.

Meanwhile, Microsoft Excel is used to produce charts, graphs and for them to store and sort data.

Autocad

ETABS

50

Microsoft Excel

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2 Monitoring Tools 5.2.1 Gantt Chart Gantt chart is used and referred at different stages by project manager to keep track and ensure that every phase of the project is completed within the estimated time. Gantt chart is a nice communication tools for consultants and clients to understand the timeline of the project.

5.2.2 Site Inspection A regular site inspections are required for architects, engineers and other consultants to check and ensure the progress. There will have a site office at there for consultants and client to have a Client-Consultant Meeting (CCM) at there to have a progress meeting.

5.2.3 Meeting Minutes During the CCM, architect or project manager is required to record the matters that mentioned during the meeting and produce a meeting minutes after the CCM. 5.2.4 Defect List Defect list is a record that can ensure the qualities of work, it is issued by architect to contractor, contractor can refer it based on the unit, type of defects such as water leakages or tiles pop-up and so on.

51

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report This fortnightly progress report is produced and prepared by CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd to mainly show the progress, project information and details on site. It concludes Progress of Work, Approval Materials and Shop Drawing Checklist, Architect / Engineer Instructions, List of Non-Compliance Report and so on.

Figure 5.1: Cover page of Fortnightly Progress Report

52

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Contents

Figure 5.2: Content page of Fortnightly Progress Report

53

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Progress of Work Basically contractor will analyse and sort out the progress to show the timeline of the project. The analysis will include different section or phase of the project, the report number of each fortnightly progress report, scheduled progress and date, actual progress and analyse is it ahead or delay.

Besides, a gantt chart and table are included to show the progress and timeline.

Figure 5.3: Progress of works

54

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Progress of Work

Figure 5.4: Gantt Chart to show timeline

Figure 5.5: Table to show progress

55

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Approval Materials and Shop Drawing Checklist List of Material approval concludes 4 parts which are structural works, architectural works, M&E works and shop drawings.

Structural works include precast concrete pile, reinforcement steel bar, curing compound and so on.

Architectural works include clay brick, timber door frame, waterproofing and so on. M&E works include PE water storage tank, booster pump, air-cond services and so on. Shop drawings include canopy roof, aluminium door and window, proprietary lightweight steel roof trusses and so on.

Basically, sub-contractors and contractors will submit their material proposal to architect and engineer and they will check and comment the suitability of the materials.

Figure 5.6: Approval Materials Checklist by Engineer and Architect

56

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Approval Materials and Shop Drawing Checklist

Figure 5.7: Approval Materials Checklist by M&E

Figure 5.8: Approval Materials Checklist of shop drawings

57

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Request for Information (RFI) Request for information (RFI) is issued to consultants to get the further information and details, it concludes the date request and date received of the information.

Figure 5.9: Request for information

58

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Architect / Engineer Instruction Architect and engineer have the right to issue instructions to the contractors. Besides, M&E and C&S engineer can issue some detailed instructions for contractor to follow.

Figure 5.1.1: Architect / Engineer Instruction

59

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Architect / Engineer Instruction

Figure 5.1.2: C&S Engineer Instruction

Figure 5.1.3: M&E Engineer Instruction

60

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report List of Non-conformance Report (NCR) A non-conformance report or non-conformity report is a construction-related document that addresses specification deviation or work that fails to meet quality standards. The report is used as part of quality control processes by detailing the problem, how it occurred, and how to prevent it from happening again. An NCR also is used in determining a resolution with a customer and documenting any corrective changes made.

Figure 5.1.4: List of Non-conformance report

61

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Labour Force A labour force record records the number of workers in a construction work daily. Those specialised workers include site agent, site supervisor, tiler, general labour, carpenter and so on. Labour force is recorded daily to monitor the completion and progress of a construction phase.

Figure 5.1.5: List of labour force

62

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Plant and Machinery Plant and Machinery record are recorded daily to monitor the completion and progress of a construction phase. It is useful to record the number of plant and machinery that used on site and it is able to determine the sufficient or shortages of plant and machinery.

Figure 5.1.6: List of plant & machinery

63

5.0 Implementation & Monitoring Tools 5.2.5 Fortnightly Progress Report Weather Report Weather report is recorded daily to determine is it able to work on site, it concludes weather condition such as clear, cloudy and rain. Usually it can be used when contractor wants to request for extension, architect will refer this report to determine it.

Figure 5.1.7: Weather report

64

Chapter 6

Risk & Solution 6.0

6.1 Risks 6.2 Risk and Strategic Action Plans

65

6.0 Risk and Solution Risk Risk

Strategic Action Plans (& KPIs)

Impact to Financial Performance (#) Positive Impact

1.

Delay in obtaining CCC

2.

Delay in completions

3.

Defects Leakage issues

Build up good rapport by having frequent engagement with Contractors, Consultants and Authorities

-

Contractors to engage experienced project teams members to control and monitor site activities

Negaticve Impact

-

Cash flow issue Unable to recognize revenue

Project Manager

-

Limited float for authority approval Affects Stage billing

Project Team & Selected Contractors (Time: Continuous)

Complaints from customers Affects the image of company and buyer confidence

Project Team & Selected Contractors (Time: Continuous)

-

Contractors to engage skill worker to reduce defects

-

By Whom (& When)

-

Risk and Strategic Action Plans Immediate Term

Short Term (by 2019)

Constant visit and PR activities with the Authority representatives

Arrange for engagement sessions with Authority

Appoint a PR representatives for all authority related dealings

Enforce the attendance of the principle for the site meeting

Varied contract period for futures project award.

To award earlier if possible.

Develop an internal design and skills team to further enhance our capabilities

Streamline and source for consultants with higher skills

Monitor and close all defects within 30 days

Prepare a buffer for handover to be in stages instead of all in one go

To monitor and close all defects within 14 days

Engage a response team for all phases with expired

66

Long Term (2020-2023)

-

Chapter 7

Procurement 7.0

6.1 Risks 6.2 Risk and Strategic Action Plans

67

7.0 Porecuments A procurement system also known as delivery system assigns responsibilities and authorities to people and organisations. Procurement systems can be classified as: Traditional (seperated) Design & Construct (integrated) Management (packaged) Collaborative (relational)

Figure 7.1: Risk appointment between client and contractor

Speculative risk overview is used to guide the decision as to what system to be employed in as early as possible. However, collaborative procurement system are too complex to be guided in this overview.

Besides that, multiple factors are considered to evaluate the most appropriate procurement strategy: -

External Factors - Potential impact of economic, commercial, technological, political, social and legal factors.

-

Client Resources - Client’s knowledge, experience of organisation with procuring building projects.

-

Project Characteristics - Size, location, complexity & uniqueness of project. (influences time, cost, risk)

-

Ability to make changes - Changes in technology or scope may accelerate or increase cost and time of construction.

-

Cost Issues - The need of price certainty need to be assessed by client and should consider the time delay from initial to when tenders are received.

-

Timing - Time and cost tradeoffs should be considered. Adequate design time, or design overlapping construction are consideration examples for the project to meet within specific time frame.

68

7.0 Porecuments 7.1 Management Procurement (packaged) Management Procurement (packaged) method is practiced for Hemingway Residences project.

Management procurement exist in different forms; Management contracting Construction management Design & manage

Figure 7.2: Management Procurement

The Management Procurement System used in this project is Management Contracting System. In Management Contracting System, client / employer who is also Project Manager (KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd) appointed an independent professional team; Architect (CL+O Architects Sdn Bhd), Structural Engineer (Datum Ac Engineering Consultant), M&E Engineer (Syterra Consult Sdn Bhd), Quantity Surveyor (MQS Consult), Civil Engineer (TYL Perunding Sdn Bhd), and also a Management Contractor (CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd).

During pre-construction, Management Contractors acted as advisors to the team, and they are responsible for executing works using direct work contracts during construction. Client is flexible to make changes to the design during construction because drawings and matters of detail can be adjusted and finalised as the work proceeds. Early start on-site and early completion is achieved with direct work contracts.

Normally management contractors submits a written submission which includes a proposed management fee, and will be appointed after interviews with the client and the design team. The fee will include for the total management service, expressed as a percentage of the total project cost, and for a service to cover pre-construction stages should the project not proceed to site. However in this case, CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd is appointed immediately for their past working experience with the Project Manager (KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd).

69

7.0 Porecuments 7.2 Standard Forms of Contract JKR PWD DB Standard Form of Contract is employed in this project legally binding Construction Manager/Management Contractor CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd with the Client/Project Manager (KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd).

CNH Construction (M) Sdn Bhd undertake the work on the basis of a contract cost plan prepared by a quantity surveyor, project drawings, and a project specification. KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd accepted most of the risks because there was no certainty about costs and programme.

Cost-Plus Contract is employed by the client as the client assumes the risks for unexpected increases in labor and materials that are needed to provide the service or materials and in the materials and timeliness needed. Cost-reimbursement contracts would be applied shall there is any incurred expenses to cover the costs with additional profit made.

Tenders for works follow later and they usually are lump sum contracts with bills of quantities. Project was subdivided into Packages and overall infrastructure was headed by multiple subcontractors, where Agreement and Conditions of PAM Contract 2006 was employed.

70

7.0 Porecuments 7.2.1 Advantages -

Reduced confrontation between the design teams and the team responsible for supervising construction.

Early involvement of construction management expertise.

Overlap of detailed design and construction.

Increased completion for construction work due to work packaging and splitting the construction activities into sub-numbers.

More even development of documentation.

Fewer contract variations.

No need for nominated trade contractors.

Public accountability.

7.2 Disadvantages -

-

Employer absorbs highest risks of increases in construction cost, as unexpected incurred expenses such as material defect may apply throughout the timeline of project.

Price certainty is not achieved until the final works package has been set.

Informed and proactive client is required.

Close time and information control required.

Client must provide a good quality brief to the design team as the design will not be complete until resources have been committed to the project (Construction management and management contracting) Client loses direct control of design quality which is influenced by constructors (design and manage)

7.3 Considerations -

-

-

-

Management procurement methods are best suited to large, complex, fast moving projects where early completion is desirable.

This method of procurement depends upon a high degree of confidence and trust. There is no firm contract price before the work starts on site, and the decision to go ahead usually has to be taken on the basis of an estimate.

The management contractor is the agent of the client, and should therefore put their interests first throughout the project.

It is an advantage to appoint the management contractor at early stage, so that their knowledge and expertise are available to the design team throughout the preconstruction period.

Much of the detailed design work can be left to proceed in parallel with the site operations for some work packages, thus reducing the time needed before the project starts on-site.

The client has a considerable degree of flexibility on design matters. The design can be adjusted as construction proceeds, without sacrificing cost control. This would not be possible with traditional methods.

The management contractor can select specialists and order materials with long lead-in times for delivery in good time without any of the uncertainties and complexities which attend traditional nomination procedures.

The project proceeds on the basis of a contract cost plan, but an independent quantity surveyor is required for effective cost control.

A competitive tendering element is retained for all works contracts, which usually account for most of the overall prime cost. Tenders for works packages will normally be on a lump sum basis.

71

Chapter 8

Success Criteria 8.0

8.1 Cost 8.2 Scope 8.3 Time

72

8.0 Success Criteria The project success criteria refer to measurable terms of what should be the outcome of the project that is acceptable to the end user, customer, and the stakeholders. In other words, the project success factors consist of 3 main aspect known as ‘The Iron Triangle’ that are required to ensure successful completion of the project.

8.1 Time

Ability to complete the project within the two year period for residential and three years for commercial during construction phase. Estimated project completion on Super Link and Semi-Detached residential did not meet the scheduled construction phase Gantt Chart which is from 23/12/2016 to 23/06/2018 due to some delay during construction yet it does met the time taken to complete residential which is within two years.

Ability to score the Qlassic score of 70% and above. The completed project met the requirement of the Qlassic score. Also, it met the client’s expectation towards the design.

8.3 Cost Ability to complete the project within the approved budget. The project is built with a budget of approximately of RM 120 million for both super link and semi-detached. The project is completed without exceeding the given budget and long term beneficial spending of materials and resources are approved by the client.

73

Chapter 9

Conclusion 9.0

74

9.0 Conclusion The project is a hillside residential development that is large, complex, fast moving and desires an early completion. It aims to form a healthy living environment to future residents as well as establishing a community.

Client KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd strives in delivering comfortable lifestyle with quality to its residents. At the same time, KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd served as the project manager of the project, whilst recruiting mostly on experienced and collaborated professional teams as well as contracting manager/construction manager.

This presence of confidence and trusts ensured the control knowledge and expertise of the team, understanding of interests of client, promises quality of project without sacrificing the cost and time control.

KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd also paid attention to the good quality of brief provided to the professional teams, which provides a clear intention and guideline of the project. During construction too, KL-Kepong Country Home Sdn Bhd kept close contact and communicated on constant basis with the project organisation, providing well management of time and information of project and allowed the project to run smoothly. Overall progression of project is maintained consistently following a balance of time, cost and quality aspects.

The project is considered a success, as unexpected issues encountered are dealt with immediately together by the entire team, enabling the project to catch up to expected completion as well as expected quality of project without sacrificing cost control.

75

Chapter 10

Appendix 10.0

76

10.0 Appendix

77

10.0 Appendix

78

Chapter 11

References 11.0

79

11.0 References http://www.construction-innovation.info/images/pdfs/Research_library/ResearchLibraryC/2006-034-C/r eports/Report_-_Building_Procurement_Methods.pdf http://www.trentglobal.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Additional-Note-3-Traditional-ProcurementRoute.pdf?x80301 https://corporate.jctltd.co.uk/products/procurement/traditionalconventional/ https://theveritasdesigngroup.com/global_files/pdf/Architects_Scale_of_Minimun_Fees.pdf https://www.copperproject.com/2018/03/pm-101-define-project-success-criteria/ https://www.pioneersacademy.com/en/Training-Course/ETABS-Structural-Software-for-Building-Analy sis-And-Design--Basic-And-Intermediate/1250 http://www.meconstruction.com/mec-construction/civil-engineering-and-structural-engineering/ https://www.godfreyhoffman.com/civil-engineering-blog/bid/300192/the-difference-between-civil-engine ering-and-structural-engineering https://www.caddmicrosystems.com/products/autodesk-quantity-takeoff https://www.carrier.com/commercial/en/us/software/hvac-system-design/ https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.sacqsp.org.za/resource/collection/876D0B9A-72A3-4AA9-B6F8-1BD0B2 760F04/E-version_Acta_Structilia_18(2).pdf https://www.slideshare.net/lucky1306s/stakeholder-management-in-construction-industry https://www.projectcubicle.com/stakeholder-register/ https://pmstudycircle.com/2012/06/stakeholder-register-project-management/ https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-4-framework-for-project-management-proje ct-management/ https://www.slideshare.net/lucky1306s/stakeholder-management-in-construction-industry https://www.projectcubicle.com/stakeholder-register/ https://pmstudycircle.com/2012/06/stakeholder-register-project-management/ https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-4-framework-for-project-management-proje ct-management/ http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/cdm/2015/contractors.htm https://lookaside.fbsbx.com/file/LECTURE%203%20-ROLE%20OF%20ARCHITECT%20%26%20CO NSULTANTS%2BLEADERSHIP%20IN%20PROJECTS-Edwin.pptx.pdf?token=AWzDY3qDm-mpLSn MRVO8K3v3l0K58_ZNPN_7fQ0bGKg5XhPkEeFHE6mQN7BISz2bYQCBPy0z0LGOgtkToO86I19VKB Z3nleS5v8wSLNVG7pWRTt8bMzuRXytAyvUlAgAz1aWgE88-l79pj8xlpih-Uq38HjLAb-n3E8UZlX6-wcK ww

80