Presentation
YUNIX LAND is an engineering company dedicated to the treatment of land. With the use of nanotechnology we offer very interesting and profitable solutions for controlling the dust on the ground, for controlling the erosion and more specifically for the long-term stabilization of grounds, especially of tracks and roads
Before / After Antes DespuĂŠs
Yunix Land is member of the YUNIX COPORATE group
Offices and in all Central and South America YUNIX HOUSES es delegations una empresa del grupo YUNIX CORPORATION
Before and After YUNIXLAND
Antes
DespuĂŠs
YUNIX LAND works with the natural ground of the area. For this reason, we can offer 40% price reduction in comparison with the traditional construction system, as we do not have to add aggregates and gravels.
02
Differences noticed in the stabilization of the base layer on roads.
TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY.
TECNOLOGIA CONVENCIONAL A
N
C
H
O 0,00 0,30
1 TERRENO NATURAL -‐ PUEDEN CRECER ARBUSTOS EN LA SUPERFICIE. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
A
0,60
L
0,90
T
metros
O
0,00 0,30
RETIRADA DEL TERRENO NATURAL EXISTENTE Y TRASLADO A VERTEDERO
2
0,60
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,90 7
8
9
10
0
0
If the road is unpaved, the traditional system goes no further that step four of the attached diagram. In this case, the meteorological conditions will cause a faster damage of the tread, which will mean that the maintenance would have to be done periodically. In the case where an asphalt inclusion, the weather has a lower impact and the maintenance is cheaper and occasional.
metros 0,00 0,30
3
0,60
APORTACION DE SUELO SELECCIONADO TRAIDO DESDE CANTERA + COMPACTADO = EXPLANADA
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,90 7
8
9
10
0
0
metros 0,00
APORTACION DESDE CANTERA DE GRAVAS + HUMEDAD OPTIMA+ COMPACTADO Y NIVELADO = CAPA BASE
0,30
EXPLANADA
0,60
4
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,90 7
8
9
10
0
0
0,00
EXPLANADA
0,60
0,30
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
0
1
metros
SUPERFICIE DE RODADURA = CHIP SEAL O ASFALTO CAPA BASE
5 2
3
4
5
Until 30 years ago, road building implied big movements of soil. In the first place, the soil had to be removed and taken to dump. In the second place the raw material had to be displaced from the quarry to the road site in order to shape the base layer of the new road. This is called the traditional system.
0,90 6
7
8
0
0
0
metros
TECNOLOGIA APLICADA POR YUNIX LAND A
N
C
H
YUNIX COPOLYMER TECHNOLOGY
O 0,00
1 TERRENO NATURAL -‐ PUEDEN CRECER ARBUSTOS EN LA SUPERFICIE. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0,20
A
0,40
L
0,60
T
metros
O
0,00
RETIRADA DE UNA CAPA DE TERRENO NATURAL Y DEL MANTO VEGETAL
0,20
2
0,40
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,60 7
8
9
10
0
0
metros 0,00
COLOCACION DE UNA CAPA DE TIERRA EXISTENTE SIN TRAZAS VEGETALES
0,20
3
0,40
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,60 7
8
9
10
0
0
metros 0,00 0,20
MEZCLADO SUELO NATURAL + COPOLIMEROS + HUMEDAD OPTIMA + NIVELACION Y COMPACTACION = ESTABILIZACION EXPLANADA
4 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,60 7
8
9
10
0
0
0,00
SUPERFICIE DE RODAURA = SELLO CON COPOLIMEROS O CHIP SEAL O ASFALTO
0,20
EXPLANADA ESTABILIZADA
0,40
TERRENO NATURAL 0
0
0
metros
ESTABILIZACION DE LA EXPLANADA CON CEMENTO Y COPOLIMEROS = CAPA BASE
5 1
2
3
4
5
Against what it may seem, the stabilization of the ground by using copolymers is not a simple technique. It requires detailed analysis of the ground, testing in laboratories and specific knowledge to correctly use and balance the copolymers and additives.
0,40
TERRENO NATURAL 0
With the use of polymers and copolymers in a later stage, modern technology has made possible to build roads using the soil available on the same site. Meaning that the need of transporting, dumping soil and then bringing materials from the quarry has been eliminated. This fact has not only reduced the costs, but has also increased the hardness and stability.
The main advantages of the copolymer technology are the reduction of costs, the faster speed and the lower impact on the environment.
0,60 6
7
8
0
0
0
metros
03
WHAT ARE COPOLYMERS? Copolymers are polymers composed of two or more different monomers. For instance, if ethylene and propylene are polymerized simultaneously, the resulting polymer will contain units of both monomers. If the major concentration corresponds to ethylene, the polymer will contain similar characteristics to ethylene and vice versa. The capacity of correctly mixing for each specific aim is part of the success. The range of YUNIX LAND copolymers aims to achieve this success.
The
The
use
ced
as
on res
the of
of
polymers
additives
to
Brooklyn the
bridge
in
civil
provide
Bridge; and
to
they help
of
polymer
ve
huge
construction
cement
and
latest
were
treated
with
avoid
breaking.
chains
back with
to
Since
This
that
by
nanoparticles;
mid
the
the
that
20th
levels
with
time,
nanotechnology
means
the
higher
polymers
in
formed
structures.
dates
concrete
developments
of aim
use
of
with
in
with less
century
elasticity. of
the
better
polymers
20th
less
quantities
weight
when For
century
we
they
only
of
treat
the
the
the
product
were
example
supporting has
can
allow
more
first
creation we
surfaces.
introdu-
concrete
metallic
increased
and
achie-
seats
structunowadays,
copolymers are used more frequently as additives on asphalt for roads and pathways, increasing their flexibility and resistance.
YUNIX LAND only uses copolymers
manufactured under the guarantees of YUNIX CORPORATE
04
WHAT DOES YUNIX LAND OFFER? YUNIX LAND delivers full studies of the projects, provides the necessary products for the stabilization and sealing, offers the technical support and the application of environmental friendly technologies. This combination satisfies the needs of our clients in a very affordable manner. In our projects we make use of organic copolymers achieving cheap, fast and efficient results with the lowest impact on the environment. SERVICES OFFERED BY YUNIX LAND Regardless of the type of land and the specific requirements of each case, we: -
Develop a project that satisfies the requested objectives in the most adequate and affordable manner.
-
Provide the most convenient nanotechnology products to work with the existing soil and avoid removing the original soil
and transporting raw material. -
Offer technical support and direction during the whole duration of the project. Once the construction has finalized, we
supervise the lab tests that certify the quality of the work delivered.
APPLICATIONS By applying nanotechnology products YUNIX LAND can stabilize grounds and control the erosion and the dust of the terrain with a wide variety of aims, such as: -
Stabilize the ground in order to create or rebuild streets, roads, pathways, parking spaces, forest mine trails, etc.
-
Ecologically control the dust for the storage of soils, for mines, roads and outdoor entertaining facilities as well as
many others. -
Control the erosion of the ground of existing roads, pathways, trails, golf field bunkers, landfill slopes, etc, always
achieving the lowest impact on the natural environment.
05
WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?
Our first aim at YUNIX LAND is to clearly understand what the client wants. We do this by defining the objectives the clients pursues. If a new road is needed for the transit of vehicles, for a first estimation, we need to know: - The approximate length of the road - A fair approximation of the width of the road - The approximate width of the sides of the road (if there are any) - Topography of the ground – description of the main characteristics of the road; if it is plane, has mountains, hills, slopes or valleys). - Description of the existing type of ground (rocky, slimy, clayey, sandy) - Weather and annual rainfall levels of the area – brief description of the temperature trends during the day and the year, the amount of rain and the rain periods) - Natural surroundings (desert area, forest, valley, river) - If there is access to the location where the road will be built and what type of access (paths, other roads etc.) - Type of vehicles that most frequently drive in the area and those that drive with less frequency. But our main aim is to know the expectations you have in regards to the road. We need to know what do you want the road to look like and what is going to be the functionality of the road – communal, public, paved, residential use, industrial, agricultural, etc. YUNIX LAND can stabilize any kind of ground and build a road over it, with no need of removing the soil, simply by taking off the topsoil and with the lowest impact on the environment. The highly modern technology methods used by YUNIX LAND allow us to convert the existing ground in a perfect base layer. On this base we place the tread, which can be done by applying a sealing copolymer to the base layer, or we can add a low thickness asphaltic termination (Chip seal, 18 mm) or a double asphaltic sealing (Chip Seal, 24 mm) or even a traditional layer of asphalt of 40 to 80 mm thick.
As the client is not always capable of providing all the requested information, our technical team will research and gather the relevant information. The team will visit the area together with a topography specialist.
06
TESTS and ANALYSIS The classification of the existing ground is a fundamental step to correctly apply our technique. This classification job requires the analysis of the soil samples obtained from different spots of the location in a specialized laboratory. Without this procedure it is not possible to determine which copolymers and additives are the most adequate to be used in each case. The perfect match of copolymers and additives will allow us to achieve the best possible levels of resistance, durability and capacity. .
The test tubes for the laboratory analysis will be prepared with different mixtures of soils and will make us determine the types of copolymers and additives we need to use. In addition, we will be capable of understanding the most adequate proportions to achieve the desired parameters of the project, with high levels of guarantee and profitability.
The aim of analyzing the ground is to reach the mechanical characteristics that will permit us cover the objectives of the project. We aim to achieve the structural capacity required for the specific road. For this reason, in the first place we must become acquainted with some mechanical characteristics that the ground has to offer us without applying any treatment on it.
07
CLASSIFICATION OF THE GROUND We
use
the
AASHTO
Table
to
classify
the
grounds.
AASHTO
stands
for
American
Association
of
Sta-
te Highway Officials and is the internationally most used system to classify roads and highways. The ASSHTO
is
based
on
the
granulometric
classification
and
the
Atterberg
limits.
The
ASSTHO
classifica-
tion will allow us to determine if the existing grounds are of the types A-1 to A-7. This means that we will know if they are granular or clayey silt; more informally, if they are excellent, good, medium or bad.
AASHTO CLASSIFICATION: The American Association of State Highway Official adopted this classification system in which the grounds are grouped according to their behavior as a support layer or as a settlement for the seat, depending on the granular levels and limits of Atterberg. The system classifies the grounds from A-1 to A-7 depending on the granular levels and plasticity. These seven groups correspond to two big categories of grounds; granular grounds and clayey silt grounds. We need to take the seven groups into consideration when we speak about classifying grounds.
08
GRANULOMETRY GRANULOMETRIC CLASSIFICATION: The simplest method of determining particle size is done by passing the particles through a series of meshes of different widths (as a strainer),
Escala granulométrica
which act as filters of the grains. To carry out this process, a series of sieves with diffe-
Partícula
Tamaño
rent diameters are used which are assembled in a column. In the upper part, where the sie-
Arcillas
< 0,002 mm
ve with the biggest diameter is found, the original soil is added and the sieve stack is sub-
Limos
0,002 – 0,06 mm
jected to intense vibration and rotational movements in a special machine. After a few
Arenas
0,06 – 2 mm
minutes, the sieves are removed and disassembled and each material is weighed separately.
Gravas
2 – 60 mm
Cantos rodados
60 – 250 mm
Bloques
>250 mm
The granulometric curve of the ground is a graphical representation of the results obtained in a laboratory when the structure of the ground in analyzed from the perspective of the size of the particles that form it.
09
ATTERBERG LIMITS
The Atterber Limits are used to characterize the behavior of the fine-grained soil and are based on the concept that in a fine-grained soil only four consistency states can exist according to their humidity. Following these criteria a ground in a solid state when it is dry. As water is added the ground slowly develops into a semisolid state, then into plastic and finally into liquid. The levels of humidity in the transition points for one state into another are named the Atterberg Limits.
ATTERBERG LIMITS: The tests are carried out in a laboratory and measure the cohesion of the terrain and the humidity contained in it. Following these procedures, three limits are defined: Liquid
limit:
Plastic
is
limit:
determined is
when
determined
the
when
ground
the
ground
goes goes
from
a
liquid
from
a
plastic
into into
a a
plastic
state.
semisolid
sta-
te and breaks. For the calculation of this limit, a device named Casagrande cup is used. Shrinkage lid The
limit:
state PI
into is
the
this a
limit solid
difference
applies state
and
between
when
the
stops the
ground
shrinking
liquid
limit
goes when and
from humidity the
a
semisois
lost.
plastic
limit.
10
PROCTOR TEST In YUNIX LAND, a part from studying the ASHTO classification, we also analyze another natural characteristic of the ground that is directly related to its supporting capacity: the density. All the grounds offer the possibility of achieving their maximum level of density, that is, their maximum compaction for a determined level of humidity. The higher the density a higher the load bearing capacity will be offered. For this we use a system that relates the humidity with the density reached on that ground under a determined compaction energy – this relationship is represented by the Compaction curve of the Proctor Test. .
THE PROCTOR TEST The Proctor Compaction test is one of the most important ground compaction quality control procedures in the sector. Through this test it is possible to determine the maximum compaction of the land in relation to its humidity. By carrying out this test we optimize the status at the beginning of the construction in regards to the costs and the structural and hydraulic development. There are two normalized types of Proctor Test: the “Normal Proctor Test” and the “Modified Proctor Test”. The difference between both lies in the different compaction energy used. Both test are named after the engineer Ralph. R Proctor (1933) and they aim to determine the maximum level of density that grounds can reach under certain humidity conditions..
11
Example of a working process in PANAMA
Preparation and soil scarification
Leveling
Base layer finalized
Mix and additive contribution
Application of compacting copolymer
Roller compaction
Chip seal layer application
Application of the sealing copolymer
finalized road
3 people with the adequate machinery can finish an average of 3.500 / 4.000 m2 of ground per day (depending on the type of ground)
12
Example of working process in Nigeria
Initial state of the road
Roller compaction
Application of the sealing copolymer
Preparation, leveling and scarification of the ground
Delivering additives on the sideways
Base layer finalized
creation of the ditches*
Roller Compaction
consistency of the layer base
* Initially the client did not want to have ditches, but the necessity was determined and the client established they were needed
13
Example of a Working Process in Spain
Preparation and scarification of the soil of the road
Roller compaction
Roller compaction
Additives
Application of the compacting copolymer
details
Mixture
Mixture
Application of the sealing copolymer
Base Layer Finalized
Not all the processes are done in the same way and they do not follow the same procedure. Each case requires a different and cusom work plan.
14
Quality Testing Once the work is finalized, YUNX LAND carries out a series of tests in order to determine and guarantee the agreed quality. The following pictures show us how the CBR and the Plate load tests are performed.
15
CeConclusive certificates of YUNIX LAND
Results of the CBR test: rent
points
of
nama.
The
test
LAND
polymers.
the was
This test was carried out by YUNIX LAND along diffe-
Caballero done
Final
on
Street a
quality
of
base control
te
layer
Coronago that
before
was
Golf
Urbanization
reconstructed
applying
the
chip
in
with
seal
Pa-
Results of the plate load test: Performed on the Balboa Ave. of the Corona-
YUNIX
do Golf urbanization in Panama . They were carried out on the layer base reconstructed
asphalt.
and
stabilized
by
YUNIX
LAND
polyments.
Final
Quality
Control.
1KN = 101,97Kg 16
As
we
are
able
to
see,
both
results
were
far
above
the
requirements
of
the
construction.
EXAMPLE OF A BUDGET CREATION This is the case of a client that had a paved rural road that was in bad conditions due to the transit of vehicles and the weather conditions. The client was tired of having to fix potholes and suspensions of vehicles. He wanted to forget about the maintenance of the road for at least 5 years, and he did not want to pay the 989.000 USD that the local construction companies were requesting.
Explanation of the case.. The road was located in a tropical area: intensive heat, 6 months of dry period and 6 months of daily rain. The length of the road was 4.600 meters and the tread width was 5 meters, with no sidewalk. After talking with the client and carrying out the necessary checks on the spot, we determined that: -
The tread surface was done with a double asphaltic treatment of 24mm and is now already very deteriorated and has even disappeared in some parts.
- The base surface has a deepness of 20 cm. The road was built on this surface and was made out of gravel and rough quarry. These materials had disappeared partially in some areas of the road and the empty areas were filled in with thin and low quality gravel and other patches. - The average traffic movement over the road was light during the day, approximately 43 cars or vans, 4 farm tractors and two trucks of less that 30 tons. During the night, the movement was very minor. -
The existing ditches and the conduction methods for rainwater were sufficient and in good conditions. There is no need of making changes in these parts.
Our next step was to take samples of the ground up to a deepness of 40 cm. We extracted 80kg per sample and a sample every 200 meters. The samples were sent to a specialized and certified laboratory where we would first obtain the granulometry, limits of Atterberg, AASHTO classification and the modified Proctor of each sample. When thinking about reconstructing the road in a traditional manner, we had the following considerations: -
When applying the Spanish PG3 regulation for roads, the traffic movement category for this road was Type T41, meaning that the number of vehicles/day was less than 500.
- On the other hand, the laboratory analysis showed that the soil on the base layer, the esplanade, was of type E2. In figure 1 we can see the recommendations of the Spanish PG3 regulation for this kind of road.
ESPESORES Y TIPOS DE FIRME PARA UN TRAFICO TIPO T41 SOBRE EXPLANADA TIPO E2
If we had chosen any of the traditional construction options, in Central America, the price per
MB
squared meter is higher, in the above mentioned example, the client was requested to pay 980.000
ZA
10
30
MB
8
SC
25
HF
20
CHIP SEAL 2,5
SYL
20
USD for the service (43USD/m2). In addition, this solution required the base layer to be removed and be dumped (approximately 4.600 m3 and 380 trips of a dump truck). It also required new mate-
SYL = SUELO YUNIX LAND CHIP SEAL = DOBLE TRATAMIENTO ASFALTICO
rial to be delivered from the quarry, needing another 575 trips with the dump truck. YUNIX LAND
MB = MEZCLA BITUMINOSA ZA = ZAHORRA ARTIFICIAL HF = HORMIGON DE FIRME
offered to deliver the service for 50% less and with no need of removing or delivering any materials from the site.
17
We are open to any request
-Difficult pathways -Access to mines -Roads -Ponds and irrigation canals -Parking places -Foundations for Buildings -Paths for bikes -Paths for Golf Tracks -Landing tracks
We for
have
solutions
any
requested
details
and
colors.
18
Save in contruction! Save time! Save maintenance!
Request a budget without any Obligation info@yunixcorporate.com
Headquarters in Spain EDIFICIO NUĂ&#x2018;EZ NUMANCIA, Avda.Carles III, 158 Planta Baja, 08034 BARCELONA - SPAIN Tel, (+34)932 523 142 Mob (+34)665 894 570
Headquarters in Central America TOWER GLOBAL BUILDING, Calle 50, Planta 13. Local 01, PANAMA CITY, PANAMA Tel. (+507)395 504 Mob.(+507)68584720
Headquarters in South America C/Jorge Vanderhen 351 of 201 MIRAFLORES, LIMA, PERU Tel.(+51)14476891 Mob.(+507)941192196