Good morning, America

VOCABULARY

a c b

1 Which word from the text ‘America’s past’ means:

1. somebody who moves to another country? i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2. a place where people have come to live and have built their homes? s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3. towards the west? w _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4. to establish or organize something for the future? f _ _ _ _ 5. move towards a particular place? h _ _ _ 6. earth or ground of a particular type? s _ _ _

2 Complete the sentences using the correct words.

sailing treated pass advantage feast grown

1. Peter’s parents _________________ him very badly. 2. Have you ever _________ corn on this land? 3. We spent our entire holiday ___________ on the lake. 4. We have guests tonight and my mother has prepared plenty of food. It will be a real ________. 5. We found a __________ between two rocks and reached the other side safely. 6. They took ______________ of the good weather and gathered all the crops.

3 Collocations Match the words on the left with the words on the right to make a collocation from the texts in Unit 4. Then make new sentences to practise. The first one has been done for you.

national stereotype – It is a national stereotype that the British are reserved.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. national animated average plentiful sufficient growing a. harvest b. stereotype c. food d. person e. tension f. cartoons 1 2 3 4 5 6 b

PREPOSITIONS Complete Peter’s email by adding the prepositions.

Dear Tony, I apologize______ not writing sooner. We arrived ____ San Francisco at about 11 o’clock. Although it wasn’t easy, we succeeded ______ finding a taxi at the airport to take us to the hotel. I enjoyed looking ______the scenery on the way. I talked______ a receptionist and I asked _____ directions to your brother’s house. He first tried to explain ________ us how to get there and then insisted _______taking us there himself. When we arrived _______John’s house, I offered to pay him _____spending money _____ petrol, but he didn’t want any. We spent a lovely evening with John and he provided us _______ maps and some booklets on San Francisco. The weather’s lovely. Best regards, Peter

WORD FORMATION 1 Complete the table with words related to those given.

Noun

development

ruler

Verb

migrate

advertise

settle

Noun

freedom

treatment

Verb

appear

move

disagree

2 Complete the sentences by using verbs or nouns from the table.

1. Unfortunately, they didn’t gain __________ by signing the peace treaty. 2. He was afraid of the way he would be ____________ in his new country. 3. Why do you always _________________ with my ideas? 4. Look at this _______________ for the latest mobile! 5. The British first ______________ on the east coast of America. 6. Will you help me to______________ this piece of furniture? 7. The shouting suddenly stopped with the _______________of Jack’s father.

PHRASAL VERBS – with BREAK Complete these sentences by using the correct phrasal verb with break.

1. Sharon was late for school because her mother’s car _____________ in the centre of town. 2. I’m sorry to hear that Lucy has __________________________ Jack. 3. While my neighbours were at the theatre, someone ________________ their house. 4. Have you heard that flu _______________ in our neighbourhood? 5. It was on the news that a very sick man _______________ of the hospital last night.

GRAMMAR

PAST PERFECT and PAST SIMPLE TENSES

1 Complete each sentence with the past perfect tense of a verb from the box.

There is one extra verb.

come leave perform hide arrive stay

1. She knew the hotel; she _____________________ there before. 2. I realized too late where he _________________ the documents. 3. I stopped because I ____________________ at a crossroads. 4. They played the piece well although they _________ never __________ it before. 5. When they finally arrived, most of the workers__________________ the factory.

2 Put the verbs in brackets into either the past simple or the past perfect tense.

1. I got home at 6 and ______________ (find) out that Victoria _____________ (go) out.

2. She _______________ (leave) 3 messages on his answer phone when he finally _______________ (phone) back.

3. I _______________ (go) to the manager’s office at 12 although I ______________ (speak) to him earlier.

4. I _______________ (do) all the work and was waiting patiently when the teacher finally _______________ (arrive).

5. Hillary found the front door unlocked, and soon _______________ (realize) that her sister _______________ (leave) it open.

6. When they __________ (set) off, the sun _____________________ (not, yet, rise).

3 Complete the sentences with the correct forms (either the past simple or past perfect tense) of the verbs in brackets.

The first English immigrants settled in Virginia

These travellers _______________ (spend) 12 weeks in small overcrowded ships when they ___________ (see) huge forests of the new land. They _____________ (live) on little food and many of them died of diseases. The sight of the woods __________ (bring) them great relief. When they ____________ (land), they found out that the Indians _________________ (inhabit) the land long before them. Most of the natives___________ (be) hostile, but some of them were friendly and helpful. The first permanent English settlement in America was a trading post founded in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. This region soon ______________ (develop) quickly. By 1620, great plantations __________ already _____________ (appear) along the James River and the population _________________ (increase) to a thousand settlers.

PRONOUNS 1 Complete these sentences by adding SOME, ANY or NO to form compounds (somebody, anything, somewhere, nobody, etc).

1. Mr Jones cannot see _______body today. He’s too busy. 2. I’m hungry. I have had _________thing to eat since this morning. 3. _______body has broken into the house, but hasn’t taken ________thing. 4. She is going to say ________thing very unpleasant now. 5. I don’t want to watch this film. Can’t we go ________where else? 6. You can buy _________thing you want from this shop. It’s my treat. 7. Can I tell you _________thing? You made a fool of yourself. 8. It’s useless! _______ body can prevent her from marrying him.

2 Use the correct reflexive pronoun to complete the sentences.

1. He prefers to live by _____________ . 2. I put the blanket over _____________ . 3. Sandra made __________drink the bitter medicine. 4. I’ll see all of you after the holiday. Look after ________________ . 5. 6.

7.

8. Put ___________in my position. He always hurts ___________ while running. Don’t trouble _________ . I can take care of it. They blame__________ for the failure.

Track 19 EVERYDAY LANGUAGE British English and American English Read the following text which is written in American English. Find the equivalents in British English for the words which are different in American English. Then listen and check.

It was Friday, a very unpleasant day in the early fall. My parents had already gone to work and I decided to stay in bed for a while. When I realized that I would be late for school, the best idea was to skip the rest of the classes too, and to go to see a movie. After I had had my breakfast, I left our apartment and took the elevator down to the firstfloor. I felt a little ashamed so on the way out I took the garbage to do at least one good thing. It was raining outside and I decided to take a cabdowntown and probably return home by the subway. I got out of the cab and walked on the sidewalk for some time, thinking which movie theatre to go to. I bought some candy and cookies, paid for the ticket and went inside. I sat down next to a middle-aged guy who looked at me and to my surprise I was sitting next to my math teacher!

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY Colourful expressions These are just a few English idioms. Learn them by matching the idioms in A with their explanations in B.

A B

1. Out of the blue, he would suddenly start crying. 2. Even during exams, Henry remained as cool as a cucumber. 3. We got the green light to start the project. 4. Have you heard? Jim was caught red-handed. 5. When she saw Peter with Marcia, she was green with envy. 6. When the teacher told me about my test , it was music to my ears. 7. He can play any song by ear. a. good news b. calm c. in the very act of committing a crime d. without looking at the sheet music e. permission f. jealous g. suddenly and unexpectedly

Track 20 PRONUNCIATION 4 1 Which words in the box follow the same pattern in the pronunciation of

GH?

tough dough right high enough laugh eight cough night rough fight

-gh = f -gh is not pronounced

2 Now listen to the words and check your list. MINI QUIZ How well do you know the history of American music? Fill in the gaps with the names in the box.

Michael Jackson Elvis Presley Louis Armstrong Bob Dylan Madonna

• Jazz was created by black Americans who were brought from Africa to America as slaves. Early in the 20th century__________________ and Duke Ellington made it very popular. • ______________ and Chuck Berry were among the mid-1950s pioneers of rock and roll. • In the 1960s, ____________became one of America’s most celebrated songwriters. • Among the most popular American pop stars are _______________ and ______________ .

TRANSLATION PRACTICE Translate these sentences into English.

1. Мислим да не треба стално да се хвалимо својим достигнућима. 2. Марија се одселила пре две године, али ми и даље одржавамо везу. 3. Ауто се покварио и морали смо да се вратимо пешице. 4. Да ли ти се чини да је он сувише радознао?

DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words.

Like a wolf in sheep’s clothing.