A 2101
ZHAO YUE
01 02
TROPICAL ROOF Design in collaboration with Wong Chi Khay
ECO LODGE
Design in collaboration with Wong Chi Khay
01
01 TROPICAL ROOF
TROPICAL ROOF
R SHELL The theme of the project seeks to explore the use of structure as programme throught the design of a large tropical roof as a structural constructural and aesthetic investigation. Taking inspiration from primitive structural forms, the project seeks to create a landform inspired structure that will serve as an outdoor performance space, whilst addressing the concerns of a tropical roof and incorporating the ideas of modular construction and sustainability.
FORM EXPLORATION
Equal lengths resulting
Varying lengths,
in standard dome
linear play in length
Central expansion
Stacked, opportunities for ventilation
Spiralling roof form
Overlapping to create tiered roof
Layering roofs of different sizes
Design in collaboration with Wong Chi Khay
01
01 TROPICAL ROOF
TROPICAL ROOF
R SHELL The theme of the project seeks to explore the use of structure as programme throught the design of a large tropical roof as a structural constructural and aesthetic investigation. Taking inspiration from primitive structural forms, the project seeks to create a landform inspired structure that will serve as an outdoor performance space, whilst addressing the concerns of a tropical roof and incorporating the ideas of modular construction and sustainability.
FORM EXPLORATION
Equal lengths resulting
Varying lengths,
in standard dome
linear play in length
Central expansion
Stacked, opportunities for ventilation
Spiralling roof form
Overlapping to create tiered roof
Layering roofs of different sizes
01 TROPICAL ROOF
LANDSCAPE INSPIRED DESIGN
PROPOSED LIGHTING LAYOUT
TROPICALITY
MODULARITY AND SUSTAINABLITY
PAPER TUBE AS STRUCTURAL MEMBER
Stacked ventilation
Waterproof with PETE layer Restricts contraction and expansion Resists buckling Eco-friendly, lightweight
PTFE (TEFLON) COATED GLASS AS STRUCTURE MEMBRANE
Proposed lighting plan for structure to function as an outdoor performance
Sun and rain
space at night, proposed construction details are shown below
Inspiration for structure to take on an organic and gentle form that blends in
Recyclable
with the natural landscape
No chlorine or bromine content Can be stredded for landfills Water resistant, self-cleaning Wind flow
01 TROPICAL ROOF
QUALITIES OF FINAL DESIGN
01 TROPICAL ROOF
LANDSCAPE INSPIRED DESIGN
PROPOSED LIGHTING LAYOUT
TROPICALITY
MODULARITY AND SUSTAINABLITY
PAPER TUBE AS STRUCTURAL MEMBER
Stacked ventilation
Waterproof with PETE layer Restricts contraction and expansion Resists buckling Eco-friendly, lightweight
PTFE (TEFLON) COATED GLASS AS STRUCTURE MEMBRANE
Proposed lighting plan for structure to function as an outdoor performance
Sun and rain
space at night, proposed construction details are shown below
Inspiration for structure to take on an organic and gentle form that blends in
Recyclable
with the natural landscape
No chlorine or bromine content Can be stredded for landfills Water resistant, self-cleaning Wind flow
01 TROPICAL ROOF
QUALITIES OF FINAL DESIGN
01 TROPICAL ROOF
Other than 2D gridshell structure, the idea of reciprocity was explored
STRUCTURAL RECIPROCITY
further three dimensionally Reaction force
The structural idea behind reciprocal frames originated from primive Indian teepe huts, where wooden beams are overlapped in a self supporting manner to create shelter
by lower stick Load from Transfer to ground
upper stick
PRECEDENCE IN PAPER TUBE JOINERY
LOAD TRANSFER
Wood connector
STRUCTURAL EXPLORATION
> 2 BEAM JOINTS Regular patterns with 2 beams
END CAPPING
Steel connector
per connection produces consistent
Angle Wooden Joints
dome-like forms Fabric tape
BEAM TO BEAM Wooden connector
BEAM TO GROUND
with concrete base
> 2 BEAM JOINTS More complex patterns can be broken down into larger modules and joined
Wooden connector
together to create undulating forms
with metal plate Premoulded plastic joint
Steel capping Metal plate bolted to concrete
01 TROPICAL ROOF
RECIPROCITY IN 3D
01 TROPICAL ROOF
Other than 2D gridshell structure, the idea of reciprocity was explored
STRUCTURAL RECIPROCITY
further three dimensionally Reaction force
The structural idea behind reciprocal frames originated from primive Indian teepe huts, where wooden beams are overlapped in a self supporting manner to create shelter
by lower stick Load from Transfer to ground
upper stick
PRECEDENCE IN PAPER TUBE JOINERY
LOAD TRANSFER
Wood connector
STRUCTURAL EXPLORATION
> 2 BEAM JOINTS Regular patterns with 2 beams
END CAPPING
Steel connector
per connection produces consistent
Angle Wooden Joints
dome-like forms Fabric tape
BEAM TO BEAM Wooden connector
BEAM TO GROUND
with concrete base
> 2 BEAM JOINTS More complex patterns can be broken down into larger modules and joined
Wooden connector
together to create undulating forms
with metal plate Premoulded plastic joint
Steel capping Metal plate bolted to concrete
01 TROPICAL ROOF
RECIPROCITY IN 3D
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION OF MODULE EXPLORATION
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION OF MODULE EXPLORATION
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
DEVELOPMENT
STUDY MODEL 1
STUDY MODEL 2
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
DEVELOPMENT
STUDY MODEL 1
STUDY MODEL 2
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
STUDY MODEL 3
STUDY MODEL 4
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
STUDY MODEL 3
STUDY MODEL 4
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
STUDY MODEL 5
FINAL STUDY MODEL
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
STUDY MODEL 5
FINAL STUDY MODEL
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
ELEVATION
FINAL DESIGN
The final design of our tropical roof consists of two spiral reciprocal frames that rise to different height in order to facilitate wind flow. The two spiral structures are self supporting, thus forming a column free space with a span of about 20 meters that is multifunctional. PTFE membrane shields the space from the outside. Users are still able to appreciate the beauty of the structure from space below.
PLAN
SECTION AA’ & BB’ SECTION
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
ELEVATION
FINAL DESIGN
The final design of our tropical roof consists of two spiral reciprocal frames that rise to different height in order to facilitate wind flow. The two spiral structures are self supporting, thus forming a column free space with a span of about 20 meters that is multifunctional. PTFE membrane shields the space from the outside. Users are still able to appreciate the beauty of the structure from space below.
PLAN
SECTION AA’ & BB’ SECTION
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
MATERIALITY STANDARD SIZES OF PAPER TUBES USED: 3
0.0088m * 37 2550mm 3
0.0114m * 21 3300mm
TUBE TO PTFE MEMBRANE CONNECTION
Wood connector 3
0.014m * 24 4050mm
3
0.0166m * 24 4800mm
Wood filler with cable pockets
3
0.0192m * 6 Steel plate
2
Floor Area = 365m approx
5550mm
3
0.0218m * 7 Wood capping
PAPER TUBE TO TUBE CONNECTION
6300mm
PAPER TUBE TO GROUND DETAIL
Volume of Paper Tubes Floor Area 3
3
=
1.9442m 2 365m 2
= 0.0053m Paper Tube/m 3
0.377m Concrete
Others
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
MATERIALITY STANDARD SIZES OF PAPER TUBES USED: 3
0.0088m * 37 2550mm 3
0.0114m * 21 3300mm
TUBE TO PTFE MEMBRANE CONNECTION
Wood connector 3
0.014m * 24 4050mm
3
0.0166m * 24 4800mm
Wood filler with cable pockets
3
0.0192m * 6 Steel plate
2
Floor Area = 365m approx
5550mm
3
0.0218m * 7 Wood capping
PAPER TUBE TO TUBE CONNECTION
6300mm
PAPER TUBE TO GROUND DETAIL
Volume of Paper Tubes Floor Area 3
3
=
1.9442m 2 365m 2
= 0.0053m Paper Tube/m 3
0.377m Concrete
Others
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
PERSPECTIVE
DETAILS OF FINAL MODEL
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
PERSPECTIVE
DETAILS OF FINAL MODEL
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
01 TROPICAL ROOF
The brief calls for design that is able to offer the wonder of connecting with nature whilst affording campers a degree of modern conveniences. The act of dwelling should invoke deep human experiences of collective habitation. The Sky Lodge takes adventage of the verticality to offer majestic view of Dairy Farm Quarry, and to satisfy users’ desire of thrill seeking within a safe boundary. As users walk up to their dwelling units through the tapering circulation space, the gradual increase in height and porosity of the structure give them a temporary rush of heightened sensations, and thus a great sense of satisfaction upon reaching the top.
ECO LODGE
02
Aerial view of Dairy Farm Quarry
02 ECO LODGE
THE SKY LODGE
The brief calls for design that is able to offer the wonder of connecting with nature whilst affording campers a degree of modern conveniences. The act of dwelling should invoke deep human experiences of collective habitation. The Sky Lodge takes adventage of the verticality to offer majestic view of Dairy Farm Quarry, and to satisfy users’ desire of thrill seeking within a safe boundary. As users walk up to their dwelling units through the tapering circulation space, the gradual increase in height and porosity of the structure give them a temporary rush of heightened sensations, and thus a great sense of satisfaction upon reaching the top.
ECO LODGE
02
Aerial view of Dairy Farm Quarry
02 ECO LODGE
THE SKY LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
DETAILED SITE PLAN
000003
Contour lines at 1 meter interval were generated based on careful observation and modelling of the cliff surface
A Identified site within quarry including vegetation mapping
3D Contour lines at 1 meter interval
A’
B
OVERALL SITE PLAN & SECTION
84000
45000
B’
N
02 ECO LODGE
300000
45000
15000
8500
10000
AA’
BB’
Site Model (5 Meter Contour)
Open cliff to build on (with sparse vegetation)
N
02 ECO LODGE
DETAILED SITE PLAN
000003
Contour lines at 1 meter interval were generated based on careful observation and modelling of the cliff surface
A Identified site within quarry including vegetation mapping
3D Contour lines at 1 meter interval
A’
B
OVERALL SITE PLAN & SECTION
84000
45000
B’
N
02 ECO LODGE
300000
45000
15000
8500
10000
AA’
BB’
Site Model (5 Meter Contour)
Open cliff to build on (with sparse vegetation)
N
02 ECO LODGE
GEOLOGY
02 ECO LODGE
CURRENT PROGRAM AT SITE
PRECEDENCE
A CAMOUFLAGE MOUNTAIN HOME (FORM, MATERIALITY) Official Climbing Site
Mountain Biking Trail
Dairy Farm Quarry is part of the Bukit Timah rock formation Wood being the choice of material, similar colour as the rock surface
Form responds to the contour of cliff
Open cliff mainly composed of granite igneous rock of high compressive strength Rock climbing
Low permeability, groundwater only in faults
THE TIPBOX PAVILLION (EXPERIENCE)
THE HANGING TEMPLE (STRUCTURE)
Load bearing wooden beam Sense of imbalance
Mountain biking
extends into cliff
02 ECO LODGE
GEOLOGY
02 ECO LODGE
CURRENT PROGRAM AT SITE
PRECEDENCE
A CAMOUFLAGE MOUNTAIN HOME (FORM, MATERIALITY) Official Climbing Site
Mountain Biking Trail
Dairy Farm Quarry is part of the Bukit Timah rock formation Wood being the choice of material, similar colour as the rock surface
Form responds to the contour of cliff
Open cliff mainly composed of granite igneous rock of high compressive strength Rock climbing
Low permeability, groundwater only in faults
THE TIPBOX PAVILLION (EXPERIENCE)
THE HANGING TEMPLE (STRUCTURE)
Load bearing wooden beam Sense of imbalance
Mountain biking
extends into cliff
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
DWELLING UNIT ITERATION
CONCEPT
Degree of enclosure affecting the perception of danger, thus developing a tapering circulation core
ZONING DEVELOPMENT
Having modular dwelling units cantilevering
Large opening facing the opposite cliff
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
Linear arrangement of dwelling units
Vertical arrangement of dwelling units
Forming horizontal circulation space
Forming a circulation core
Roof space used for circulation
Sloping surfaces
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
DWELLING UNIT ITERATION
CONCEPT
Degree of enclosure affecting the perception of danger, thus developing a tapering circulation core
ZONING DEVELOPMENT
Having modular dwelling units cantilevering
Large opening facing the opposite cliff
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
Linear arrangement of dwelling units
Vertical arrangement of dwelling units
Forming horizontal circulation space
Forming a circulation core
Roof space used for circulation
Sloping surfaces
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
MASSING ITERATION
Massing separates into 3 tiers, connected by staircases of increasing steepness
Uniform circulation core
Horizontal expansion
Vertical expansion
Tapering circulation core, staircase spirals up in a systematic manner. Deck railings are too rigid. Vertical expansion
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
MASSING ITERATION
Massing separates into 3 tiers, connected by staircases of increasing steepness
Uniform circulation core
Horizontal expansion
Vertical expansion
Tapering circulation core, staircase spirals up in a systematic manner. Deck railings are too rigid. Vertical expansion
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
PLAN
FINAL DESIGN N
Communal activities such as dining and cooking take place at lower level.
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Staircases are of a standard 180mm rise per step and each flight of stairs not exceeding a maximum of 18 steps. This is to cater to users of all age groups, including those who might not be very physically fit.
Site Plan (Inclusing Roof Plan)
Rotatable louvers and collapsible wood panels form an open facade system but yet remain tropical in preventing rain from entering the dwelling units.
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Level 8
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
PLAN
FINAL DESIGN N
Communal activities such as dining and cooking take place at lower level.
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Staircases are of a standard 180mm rise per step and each flight of stairs not exceeding a maximum of 18 steps. This is to cater to users of all age groups, including those who might not be very physically fit.
Site Plan (Inclusing Roof Plan)
Rotatable louvers and collapsible wood panels form an open facade system but yet remain tropical in preventing rain from entering the dwelling units.
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Level 8
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
SIDE ELEVATION & SECTION
FRONT ELEVATION
5400mm
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
SIDE ELEVATION & SECTION
FRONT ELEVATION
5400mm
02 ECO LODGE
Wood cladding
DETAIL A
B
Metal deck Insulation Vapour retarder Interior wood cladding
DETAIL C
Flashing
Collapsible wood panels
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
200mm steel tubing
Rods in ‘fork’
DETAIL B Cliff surface
C
Cantilever beam
configuration Bridge plate
Horizontal strut
Bolted end plate splice
02 ECO LODGE
A
02 ECO LODGE
Wood cladding
DETAIL A
B
Metal deck Insulation Vapour retarder Interior wood cladding
DETAIL C
Flashing
Collapsible wood panels
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
200mm steel tubing
Rods in ‘fork’
DETAIL B Cliff surface
C
Cantilever beam
configuration Bridge plate
Horizontal strut
Bolted end plate splice
02 ECO LODGE
A
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
PERSPECTIVE
Dwelling unit with rotatable louvers and collapsible panels
Sloping floor and ceiling, headroom increases towards the edge of the room
Multipurpose sky deck with rope railing
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
PERSPECTIVE
Dwelling unit with rotatable louvers and collapsible panels
Sloping floor and ceiling, headroom increases towards the edge of the room
Multipurpose sky deck with rope railing
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
DETAILS OF FINAL MODEL
02 ECO LODGE
02 ECO LODGE
DETAILS OF FINAL MODEL