Identifying Genes That Enable Birds To Perform Better
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Based on a paper presented at the European Poultry Conference (EPC) 2010.
This is one of the exciting opportunities offered by genomics.
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Broiler Welfare Can Be Improved Through Nutrition
POULTRY Digital Expert Knowledge at your Fingertips February 2011 - Issue 1
Cost of Hatching Eggs Could Reach New High in 2011 Hatching egg cost will come close to doubling per dozen later in 2011 as birds that have been raised on higher priced grains come into production. Mr Donohue commented that hatching egg cost could go even higher, since corn prices could reach $7.50 per bushel or more later this year.
Work in hatcheries and on breeder farms has increased in value, said poultry economist, Mike Donohue, at the Hatchery-Breeder Clinic organised in conjunction with the International Poultry Expo (IPE) 2011 in Atlanta, US. He added that the cost per dozen hatching egg could reach new high this year. It was not that long ago when the industry average broiler hatching egg cost was around $1.30 per dozen, according to Mr Donohue, vice president, Agri Stats Inc.Addressing the audience at the 2011 Hatchery-Breeder Clinic held in conjunction with the IPE and International Feed Expo, he said that the cost per dozen hatching eggs has increased 54 per cent because of the increase in corn and soybean meal prices.
Because of the near doubling in hatching egg production cost, Mr Donohue said that the work of people in hatcheries and on breeder farms has twice the value it did before. He suggested that managers educate employees about the higher value of each egg and the impact they can have on the bottom line. Hatchery managers cannot control the cost of corn, but they can have an impact on labour utilisation. Labour costs make up 40 to 45 per cent of hatching cost, he added. The industry's chicksper-man-hour keeps improving but fully loaded labour cost per hour, which includes all benefit costs, has almost doubled in the last 23 years. Hatcheries have experienced a 50 per cent increase in energy costs over the last 12 years. Continued on page 4 1
Issue 0 - November 2010
Expert Knowledge at your Fingertips
Expert Knowl-
Febuary 2011 - Issue 1
Features 3
Editorial
Editorial Team Jackie Linden -
Senior Editor
jackie.linden@5mpublishing.com
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Cost of Hatching Eggs Could Reach New High in 2011 Work in hatcheries and on breeder farms has in creased in value, said poultry economist, Mike Donohue, at the Hatchery-Breeder Clinic organised in conjunction with the International Poultry Expo (IPE) 2011 in Atlanta, US. He added that the cost per dozen hatching eggs could reach a new high this year.
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Broiler Welfare Can Be Improved Through Nutrition
Chris Wright-
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Senior Editor
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Editor
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Based on a paper presented at the European Poultry Conference (EPC) 2010, changes in the diet can reduce the severity of pododermatitis in broilers.
Chris Harris -
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Identifying Genes That Enable Birds to Perform Better Helping to identify genes that enable a broiler to perform better in a commercial environment is just one of the exciting opportunities offered by genomics.
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Editorial Welcome to ThePoultrySite Digital Issue 1 We have chosen Breeding and Genetics as the theme for issue 1 of ThePoultrySite Digital. Our lead feature offers the prediction that the cost of hatching eggs could reach a new high in 2011.This is based on the fact that work in hatcheries and on breeder farms has increased in value, according to poultry economist, Mike Donohue. Helping to identify genes that enable a broiler to perform better in a commercial environment is just one of the exciting opportunities offered by genomics, says Dr Mitch Abrahamsen, Vice President of Research and Development at Cobb, in another feature in this issue. Finally, we outline how welfare can be improved through nutrition. A paper presented by a group of Aviagen researchers shows that changes to the broiler's diet can significantly reduce the severity of foot pad dermatitis. In the news this week is the launch of tool to track animal diseases. Health experts from a wide range of human and animal health organisations have publicly launched a web-based, open-access map to help governments and health agencies track emerging infectious diseases across the world. www.HealthMap.org/PREDICT delivers real-time intelligence from a number of sources to give users a comprehensive view on the current global state of infectious diseases and their effects on human and animal health.
In the US, industry organisations have released a joint policy statement, which says: 'The Federation of Animal Science Societies (FASS) strongly supports the judicious use of antibiotics in food animal care consistent with the health and welfare of the animals, with preserving the value of antibiotics in protecting human and animal health, and with efficient use of the earth's resources in food production.' New Zealand's Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) has proposed a new welfare code to end the use of conventional battery cages. It estimates that the annual cost of switching from cage production would be about $15 million, and this will raise prices for consumers. Welfare lobbyists are outraged by the proposal, which leaves open the possibility of allowing colony systems. And finally, one staggering statistic to ponder. Over last week's Super Bowl Weekend in the US, fans were expected to consume one billion chicken wing portions, estimates the National Chicken Council.
Jackie Linden ThePoultrySite.com Senior Editor
Pathogens do not respect boundaries and so all tools to improve international co-operation – particularly for zoonotic diseases – are welcome, especially as the news coincided with an announcement from WHO that a young girl had died from H5N1 influenza in Cambodia.
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Feature Article Cost of Hatching Eggs Could Reach New High in 2011 Mr Donohue remarked that energy efficiency will continue to increase in importance for controlling hatchery costs.
Is hen mortality due to male aggression or something else?
The Hatchery-Breeder Clinic addressed factors that influence production and performance. Pictured are Mike Donohue, vice
Some broiler breeder flocks are experiencing somewhat higher than normal mortality in hens during the period of initial photo-stimulation and early lay, reported Dr Ken Powell, veterinarian with Hubbard Breeders, LLC. He commented that questions have been raised in the industry as to the role that feather and vent picking may be playing in this increased mortality.
president with Agri Stats (right) with Mike Czarick (extension specialist, University of Georgia; centre) and Pat Hawkins of Tyson Foods.
US Poultry & Egg Association is an all-feather organization representing the complete spectrum of today's poultry industry, with a focus on serving member companies through research funding, education, communication and technical assistance. Founded in 1947, US Poultry & Egg Association is based in Tucker, Georgia.
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Dr Powell described a continuum of bird behaviours ranging from 'feather licking' or 'preening' at the normal behaviour range of the spectrum to 'feather pulling' in the middle to 'vent pecking' at the abnormal end. He said that research in table egg laying hens has explored a number of potential causes for these aberrant behaviours. The Hatchery-Breeder Clinic provided a comprehensive look at factors that influence production and performance, such as future breeder trends, effective management practices, and technology advancements at the breeder farm and in the hatchery. The seminar covered a variety of time-sensitive topics, including a 'Vaccine Update' by Dr Guillermo Zavala of the University of Georgia and Dr Charlie Broussard of Intervet/Schering Plough Animal Health along with a series of other presentations on breeder and hatchery operations, such as the 'Animal Welfare in Breeder Operations' by Dr Mike Wineland of North Carolina State University and 'Hatchery Sanitation/Controlling Aspergillus', by Scott McKenzie of IVESCO.
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Feature Article
Broiler Welfare Can Be Improved Through Nutrition Based on a paper presented at the European Poultry Conference (EPC) 2010, changes in the diet can reduce the severity of pododermatitis in broilers, writes Jackie Linden, senior editor of ThePoultrySite. At the EPC last year in Tours, France, Drs Marcus Kenny, Carolyne Kemp and Colin Fisher from Aviagen Ltd's Nutrition group in Scotland, presented the results of series of experiments investigating the effects of feeding on the incidence of pododermatitis (foot pad dermatitis) in broilers. They found that, by combining all the dietary variables believed to prevent pododermatitis, they could reduce the incidence of lesions to very low levels. Contact dermatitis of the foot pads of broilers (pododermatitis) is an important commercial condition in the rearing of broilers, they explained. The welfare implications of the condition have been proposed for EU legislation, while economic costs are incurred as the result of carcass downgrading, especially in markets where the foot is valued. Contact dermatitis affects the surface of skin that is in prolonged contact with the litter and when the feet are involved, the skin turns black, erodes and fibrosis develops. In severe cases, lameness and secondary infections may result.
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Identification of the Dietary Factors Impacting Foot Health Dr Kenny and colleagues explained that the severity of the condition has been linked to litter moisture, nitrogen content and pH and so they investigated the effects of some nutritional variables – balanced protein level, energy levels, cereal sources and the effects of feed processing – on the severity of foot pad dermatitis in a series of trials. In each case, the diets were fed to day-old Ross 308 broilers housed in pens with wood shavings as litter. A three-phase feed programme was used and the birds were kept to 40 days of age. A complete range of production and processing traits were measured. The results showed that increasing balanced protein levels or reducing dietary energy levels increased the incidence of pododermatitis lesions. On the other hand, lesions were reduced by using lower mineral levels, by feeding maize rather than wheat and by coarse grinding of the feed ingredients.
Effects of a Preventative Diet on Pododermatis Incidence The Aviagen group then examined the total effect of the nutritional response under trial conditions. Again, using a three-phase feeding programme, they combined all the factors
shown or believed to reduce the incidence of pododermatitis in a diet they called the 'preventative' treatment. Compared to the control diet ('normal'), it had:
protein content. Mortality, however, was improved and they suggested this was for the same reason. Litter condition and the incidence of pododermatitis lesion were greatly improved.
. . .. .
A reduced level of balanced protein in the grower (95 per cent of the control) Maize (at 25 and 15 per cent, respectively in the starter and grower) in place of wheat Reduced mineral levels (see Table 1) Betaine supplement (1g per kg) Some chelated trace minerals (10, 40 and 40 mg per kg copper, zinc and manganese, re spectively) Protected butyric acid (1.5 and 1.1g/kg) in addition to the usual organic acid supplement. The diets were prepared by 'coarse' grinding, achieved by regrinding standard pellets.
Conclusions The results show that manipulation of the feed and nutrient levels can play a significant part in a strategy to avoid reduced welfare and economic loss as a result of pododermatitis lesions, said Kenny and colleagues, and they suggested that other contact lesions, such as hock burn and breast damage, would be controlled to some extent in the same way.
. .
Jackie Linden ThePoultrySite.com Senior Editor
The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2 and Figure 1 (see page 8). The 'preventative' treatment resulted in poorer performance, which Kenny and colleagues attributed to the reduced
Reference Kenny M., C. Kemp and C. Fisher 2010. Nutrition and pododermatitis in broilers. Proceedings of the XIII European Poultry Conference in Tours, France, August 2010.
Table 1. Mineral levels used in the dietary treatments
Mineral Levels 1
Feed
Ca mg/kg
Av.P mg/kg
Na mg/kg
Normal
Starter
10.5
5.0
2.0
Grower
9.0
4.5
1.8
Finisher
8.5
4.2
1.8
Starter
9.5
4.5
1.5
Grower
8.0
4.0
1.4
Finisher
7.5
3.7
1.4
Reduced
1
All feeds contained phytase and Ca, P and Na levels include components from phytase addition 7
Feature Article Broiler Welfare Can Be Improved Through Nutrition
Table 2. Effects of a diet designed to prevent pododermatitis in male broilers on performance and litter condition
Liveweight Mortality at at 32 days FCR1 at 2kg 32 days (%) (g)
Diet
Litter capping2
Litter moisture (g/100g)
Normal
2938
1.46
5.6
40.0
52.8
Preventative
2866
1.52
3.8
28.8
40.7
1
Feed conversion ratio corrected for mortality 2 Litter capping scored visually at 39 days
Figure 1. Proportion of male broilers fed two different feeds with zero pododermatitis scores (based on three-point score where 0 = no lesions) 100
96
94 84
80 71
60 48 44
40
20
0 26 days
34 days Bird age Normal
8
Preventative
40 days
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Feature Article
Identifying Genes That Enable Birds to Perform Better Helping to identify genes that enable a broiler to perform better in a commercial environment is just one of the exciting opportunities offered by genomics, Dr Mitch Abrahamsen,Vice President of Research and Development at Cobb tells Roger Ranson in the latest issue of Cobb Focus. Roger Ransom (RR): Let's turn back to when you joined Cobb over a year ago. What attracted you to Cobb and why did you want to work in poultry breeding? MA: I never realised that growing chicken was so complicated!
Dr Mitch Abrahamsen, Vice President of
The amount of time and energy in thought and effort put into making sure that we are making genetic progress caught me off guard compared to what my expectations were coming in. From that standpoint, it's clear that the investments that Cobb has made to have a state-of-the art biotechnology and R&D programme for breeding chickens are well justified, and the opportunities to make a difference in a relatively short period of time has really got me excited about this position. RR: So what were your goals a year ago and how much progress have you made towards them? MA: Cobb had made a significant investment in genome technology and application of biotechnology to driving their business.
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Research and Development
A lot of those initial investments were made to understand what opportunities DNA technologies afforded and to generate large enough data sets for a critical evaluation. One of the things that's difficult to do as a scientist is to translate, and develop a plan to translate, all this basic biological knowledge into something that has value for the company. So my goal really was to come in and work with the R&D team to transition the focus from using genomics as an exploratory and investigatory tool, to developing an approach to incorporate genome technologies into our breeding programme to help drive the business. RR: Of course, you need to have a good idea of
where the product is going, what the customer is going to be wanting in five or 10 years' time. How clear an idea do you have of where the global market is heading at the moment? MA: A lot of the interest right now is around dealing with the economics of trying to feed agricultural species – the impact that we saw in the last two to three years related to feed costs and the political and social pressure on the growers to justify the environmental cost it takes to produce a bird. And so clearly issues around feed conversion and efficiency are high on everybody's list. At the same time, you have a lot of interest from the public around welfare and safety concerns regarding the food chain, not only making sure we have a safe product to feed ourselves and our children but making sure that people are happy with the way we are producing food.
RR: Now you mentioned along with that the increased emphasis you're placing on welfare and safety traits. Tell us a little more about this. MA: There is a growing social interest in making sure we don't overuse antibiotics in the human food production chain. As antibiotic usage is reduced and or even eliminated, birds will be exposed to higher pathogen loads increasing the risk of developing health issues and exhibiting decreased broiler performance. In our R&D programme, we have several efforts focused on identifying DNA-based markers associated with increased pathogen resistance. Not necessarily only resistance to specific pathogens, but also a generalised resistance to environmental challenges that birds will encounter in a commercial setting. In addition, there is a lot of public concern about how birds are
RR:You mentioned feed efficiency and the need to produce a bird that performs well. I remember that a year ago, John Hardiman spoke about this as being his prime goal for 20 years and in many ways people see feed efficiency as being the trade mark of Cobb. Do you still see that as your main focus today? MA:Absolutely. Feed efficiency is clearly something that has made Cobb very attractive in the market place and we're not going to change our focus on the importance of being able to grow a bird very efficiently. But we do see the need to continue to focus efforts on issues that affect the welfare of the bird and that provide a bird that meets the needs of the grower. So we've not decreased our efforts on feed conversion, but we have clearly focused on some other traits in our selection programme that we believe are important to address the needs of the customers down the road.
grown and what a socially acceptable chicken looks like.These are areas we're trying to understand and incorporate into our R&D programme to ensure we are providing birds that meet the needs of our customer. RR: Cobb is investing heavily in research in the US and there are plans for doubling the size of
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Feature Article Identifying Genes That Enable Birds to Perform Better the European research farm in the Netherlands. Does this signify something of a change in direction in having an R&D base in Europe as well as North America? MA: It really relates to what we talked about regarding the impact that different nutritional programmes have on the performance of a bird. By investing in our research farms in the Netherlands, we're able to expand and improve our selection programme to identify and produce birds that have maximum performance on the types of diets that are being fed in Europe. RR: Turning to genomics, you have this five-year joint programme with Hendrix Genetics. What have we learned so far mid-way through this project? MA: The data that we have generated and the open sharing between the two companies has convinced us that genomic technologies clearly provide the opportunity to improve the accuracy and speed of selection in both the breeder and layer industry. Working with Hendrix has given us a lot of opportunities to leverage the value of individual data sets, as well as accelerate and improve our ability to develop and use tools and approaches that are valuable to both companies. Things like infectious disease and welfare traits are important for both, so by putting our data together and our scientists together we are really able to move forward quicker on how we apply these technologies to make a real difference for our respective businesses. RR: Have you been surprised by any of these findings?
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MA: To me, it's been reassuring that the new genomic approaches have demonstrated that the breeding programmes within Hendrix and Cobb have been very effective in improving the genetic capabilities of these birds and the genomic tools have shown that Cobb has been doing the right thing for a long time. But there are opportunities to identify and move forward on traits that are difficult to address using traditional breeding schemes. So for example, all our selection is done on pure lines in a pedigree environment, which is maintained with very strict biosecurity and environmental controls. However, our birds in the market place are a cross-bred bird that needs to perform in a very different type of environment and it's difficult to put birds under selection in a pedigree environment that is representative of the commercial environment.
programme.the commercial environment that we can then transfer back into our pedigree selection programme. RR: How much does cost come into this? MA: The cost is always decreasing and that's important for the ability to analyse larger and larger number of animals, but the reality is that the cost is probably cheap enough today – it is small compared to the cost of actually phenotyping the animal. And so even though genotypes are becoming very cheap the major expenditures we have is in the traditional phenotypes, the performance traits that we continue to measure in our traditional breeding programme.
So DNA technology does provide an opportunity to identify those birds in a commercial environment and explore what are the key genetic differences between birds that perform well in a commercial environment versus birds that don't perform so well there and to take that information back and use it in our pedigree selection programme. RR: And how far have you got then? MA: One of the needs we identified is the ability to genotype lots of birds in a commercial environment. That was one of the motivating factors for building our new animal health and biotechnology laboratory facility here in Siloam Springs, to be able to handle the number of samples that we need to process to obtain that genetic information from
And so, even with our expanded efforts, at this point the cost for the genotyping is significant but is not the major expenditure within our total research budget. RR: We're talking here about high science, but how far have we gone away from the more traditional selection methods, which have been used very successfully you might think for 50 years or more? MA: In the next five or 10 years, you're going to see more emphasis on DNA-based technology and a significant discussion of the advances that it has afforded breeding companies. However, it's hard to imagine a scientific scenario where this technology will exist independent of a traditional breeding programme. RR: Finally, how have you found your first 12 months in the poultry industry? 13
Feature Article Identifying Genes That Enable Birds to Perform Better MA: I think Cobb is a fantastic company to work for and the investments they are making in R&D give me a lot of confidence that my time here will be well spent helping Cobb maintain that leadership in the industry. RR: Also, you've also been working with John Hardiman for the past 12 months, somebody who has played a major role in the breeding programme.Would you like to comment on his work and what he's doing at the moment? MA: Clearly John has been at the heart of the success of Cobb for the past 25 years, and his expertise and experience in a traditional breeding programme continues to be invaluable for Cobb.
In addition, John has played a key role in my trantion to Cobb as well as for Dr Mark Cooper in his new role as Director of Genetics. Now as Chief Scientific Officer, John continues to play a very crucial role by interfacing between the R&D organisation and our marketing and sales group as well as our customers to help understand what R&D needs to do in the next five to ten years. He's also helping to translate the progress we are making in R&D into the market place so people understand what Cobb is doing and so demonstrate the leadership of our products.
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Regional News Americas Online Mapping Tool to Track Animal Diseases
Tyson Reports First Quarter Sales Up 15 Per Cent
US - Health experts from the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Harvard Medical School, Children’s Hospital Boston, the University of California at Davis, EcoHealth Alliance and other members of PREDICT have publicly launched a web-based, open-access map to help governments and health agencies track emerging infectious diseases across the world.
US - First quarter sales were $7.6 billion, up 14.8 per cent compared to last year, while overall operating margin was 6.5 per cent reports Tyson Foods in its latest quarterly report.
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EPA GHG Regulations ‘Double Economic Jolt’ to Ag US - The country's farmers and ranchers will receive a “double economic jolt” from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulation of greenhouse gases, the American Farm Bureau Federation has told a House subcommittee. More..
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Sustainability is Important to Poultry Industry US - The key message from Tyson Foods' president, Donnie Smith, is that sustainability touches every part of the poultry business. He was speaking at the Animal Agriculture Sustainability Summit held at the International Poultry Expo (IPE). More..
PSA, FASS Support Judicious Use of Antibiotics
Eggs Are Now Even Better For You US - A new study shows large eggs are 14 per cent lower in cholesterol and 64 per cent higher in vitamin D than previously recorded.
US - The Poultry Science Association (PSA) has released a policy statement outlining the organisation's views on the benefits and risks of the use of antibiotics in food animal agriculture.
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Bachoco Sales Up More Than Six Per Cent in 2010
Food Safety Violations Found at Nine Egg Firms
MEXICO - Industrias Bachoco has announces its results for the fourth quarter and the full year for 2010.
US - Government inspectors have found food safety violations at egg farms beyond the Iowa operations linked to last summer's salmonella outbreak.
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Regional News Asia Japan Reports Four New HPAI-Positive Farms
Bangladesh Reports One Outbreak of H5N1 Bird Flu
JAPAN - Birds testing positive for the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus have been found on four farms, all on the western-most main island of Kyushu.
BANGLADESH - There has been one outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) at a farm in the Dhaka region. More...
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CPF Increases International Interests Bird Flu Strikes Myanmar's Northwestern Region MYANMAR - Avian influenza (H5N1) has struck Myanmar's northwestern region of Sagaing with two poultry farms detecting the disease in the region, a local weekly reports. Registering the second occurrence of bird flu during this year, the 7-Day News said the virulent avian influenza was found in dead chickens in the poultry farms in Tantsle township over last week. More...
Cambodia Reports First Bird Flu Outbreak CAMBODIA - There has been one new outbreak of suspected highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in a village poultry flock the south of the country.
GLOBAL - Charoen Pokphand Foods (CPF) has pushed forward its investments overseas by raising capital and purchasing larger stakes in its subsidiaries. More...
Animal Husbandry Makes Significant Progress CHINA - During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, animal husbandry has made significant achievements in ensuring effective supplies of meat, eggs and milk and improving quality and safety of feed and animal products. More...
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SRI LANKA - Local chicken producers are unhappy about imports of chickens and eggs from India.
Myanmar Reports Bird Flu Outbreak MYANMAR - There has been one new outbreak of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the central region of the country. More...
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Regional News Europe New EU Rules Required for GM Feed
Sweden Reports Newcastle Disease Outbreak
UK - Rising grain prices are expected to weigh heavily on British agricultural production. More...
SWEDEN - There has been an outbreak of Newcastle disease on a farm in Gotland County. More...
International Egg and Poultry Review: EU EU - This is a weekly report by the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), looking at international developments concerning the poultry industry.
Talks Held over Russian Poultry Exports to EU RUSSIA & EU - A meeting was held yesterday to discuss issues relating to the export of Russian poultry products to the EU
This week's review looks at poultry meat market projections for the EU.
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New EU Rules Required for GM Feed
Managing Perfection Improve the quality of your hatching eggs
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Regional News Africa and Oceania World Experts to Tackle Infectious Disease Threats AUSTRALIA - More than 600 of the world’s leading experts in human, animal and environmental health will discuss ways to tackle the increasing threat of new infectious disease outbreaks in Melbourne next week at the first International One Health Congress.
Australian Egg Sales Break Record AUSTRALIA - Egg sales hit a record last year, almost eight per cent more than in 2009, as Australians ate more eggs. More...
Swazi Minister Calls for End to Beef, Poultry Imports
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SWAZILAND - Locally produced beef and poultry meat are now exceeding demand, according to the agriculture minister.
Excessive Brine Injection Revealed SOUTH AFRICA - Investigations by the agriculture department at a Supreme Poultry plant have revealed the excessive use of brine injection into chicken breast fillets.
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Oman's Private Sector Aims to Improve Food Security
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Conditional Sale of Tegel to Asian Equity Co. NEW ZEALAND - Poultry business, Tegel Foods, has been conditionally sold to an Asian private equity fund in a deal tipped to be worth $605 million. More...
New Hen Welfare Code Gets Mixed Reception NEW ZEALAND - The government says that the new welfare code for layers is expected to push up egg prices, and the code has not been welcomed by welfare organisations. More...
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OMAN - A'Saffa Foods, the Sultanate's leading homegrown poultry producer, is taking a leading role in the campaign of domestic self-sufficient for its food requirements and reducing the nation's dependence on imported products. More...
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Poultry Industry Events Keep up to date with what is happening in the global poultry industry.
'Feeding the World' The Royal Society, Kohn Centre, London SW1, UK Wednesday 15th February
Conference on the role of livestock medicines and animal science in meeting the demands of a growing world population, organised by the National Office of Animal Health (NOAH)
1st African International Poultry Summit (AIPS) University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria Sunday 20th to Thursday 24th February
The Nigerian Branch of the WPSA will hold an African International Poultry Summit with the theme of 'Climate Change: Implications for poultry Production in Africa'. The event will feature discussions, seminars, youth event, tours and a professional exhibition. For further details, contact Professor O. M. Onagbesan (LOC Chairman)
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Vaccine World Summit India New Dehli, India
BIT Life Sciences 3rd Annual World Vaccine Congress 2011
Tuesday 1st to Thursday 3rd March
China National Convention Center, Beijing, PR China Wednesday 23rd March
Vaccine World Summit India is the largest and only vaccine conference in India to bring together Indian and international vaccine industry’s leading players.
This conference is to protect the world from health threats. BIT Life Sciences Annual World Congress of Vaccine has become a forum to report on the latest progress and developments in vaccines for disease prevention and treatment.
VIV Asia 2011 BITEC, Bangkok, Thailand Wednesday 9th to Friday 11th March
Australian Poultry Science Symposium 2011 University of Sydney, Australia Monday 14th - Wednesday 16th February
The theme of the event is 'Tangible Solutions from Innovative Poultry Science.
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