CHENN-IT: Final Report for 2019 DRIA Intl. Design Competition

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Technical University Darmstadt Team

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Abstract Chennai Today. Year 2050 Landfill Research Hub & Treasure Island Community Integration (Non-Formal Settlement Upgrading) The Hub (Tech park and Connecting IT and e-mobility) Hyperloop & Skyline: Future of Integration (Mixed modes of transportation)

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Conclusion

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References

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Technical University Darmstadt Team Proposition for: Designing Resilience in Asia 2019 International Design Competition and Symposium

Competition entry of: Technische Universität Darmstadt, Deutschland (Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany)

Faculty supervisors: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Annette Rudolph-Cleff Dr.-Ing. Simon Gehrmann Dr.-Ing. Björn Hekmati

Design Team: Abdel Rahman Al-Zoubi

Farnaz Oveysi Shad

Atsiilah Anindita

Leonardo Ricaurte-Ospina

Kira Brinkhoff

Elisabeth Seip

Annisa Maudy Clevanya S.

Ayesha Putrika Setianto

Ecem Çavlan

Anastasia Shadkhina

Gregory Gordon

Fatemeh Talebi

Mishael Stefan Haholongan

Ella Westphal

Rebekka Kanngießer

Wenting Xu

Marie Köhler

Sarah Zettl

Leon Lais Yuting Li Lukas Loddoch Sabry Mochammad Aboli Mangire

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Abstract Due to its coastal location and the effects of climate change, Chennai is prone to natural hazards, mainly flooding, droughts, storm surges, high temperatures, and urban heat island effect.

Consequently, it requires urgent improvements to reach resilience, thus innovative design, technology, and policies must be promoted, in order to connect successfully the physical and the social aspect of the community.

The Chenn-IT, is an experimental, visionary, innovative, and resilient urban development meant to improve the current situation of Chennai and its citizens. It has a strong connection to the worldwide discussions about sustainable urban mobility & the influences of the digitization for our future cities. It envisions a comprehensive (multi-phases) program that includes mobility, technology, infrastructure improvement and non-formal settlements upgrading as core pillars of intervention, all of this with a strong social responsibility sense and working in close dialogue with the local community. This is a practical approach intended to intersect demands on physical, cultural and economic levels.

The resilience development scheme introduced in 2019 to Chennai municipality in order to create a new vision for the city, characterized by modernity, innovation, sustainability, and affordability. The aim was to market Chennai as a global city to attract new investment, technologies and new opportunities. Now in 2050, after the notable success for the resilience development scheme, Chennai achieved a progressive level of high-tech, sustainable transportation means, lower pollution and CO2 emissions, cutting-edge technological hub, innovative water and waste management plan, and improved housing and living conditions by downsizing the unemployment rates, achieving high quality of education, and community participation involvement. The economical growth brought to the city by Chenn-IT ensures sustainable prosperity, which is regarded as an important element in the discussion about urtban resilience.

Chenn-IT's reflects, with imagination, innovation, vision and contemporary spirit, the future challenges of our cities, and understands the overall concept as an interdisciplinary developing economic engine that is the basis for any sustainable development of the city.

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Chennai Today. Year 2050.

Over the past 30 years, Chennai has stunningly transformed into the research and development hotspot for Digitization and Electromobility that is second to none in the world - Whether the “Chennai Guidelines”, the Information Technology (IT) Park “The HUB” or the latest form of sustainable mobility being tested here, or even the "Formula-e-nightrace", Chennai’s success is recognised in the news almost daily.

Chennai’s economy has always been one of the strongest and fastest-growing in India, historically as a port city during British colonization that continued to flourish as a major industrial, trade and business hub in the 21st century global market. Most significantly the IT sector, which has been continuously expanding for decades and already had a remarkable contribution to the global IT development around the turn of the millennium.

The discussion about sustainable mobility, which shaped science, especially in the early 2020s, but overlooked by almost all leading automobile manufacturers, was recognized as an opportunity and has changed the structure of the city positively by leapfrogging some stages. In a joint venture between the Austrian motorcycle manufacturer KTM AG and the world's largest and oldest motorcycle manufacturer Royal Enfield, based in Chennai, together with Anna University and research funds from the IT industry, it was possible to launch the world's first electric motorcycle in the market with a range of over 300 km and charging times of less than 1 hour.

The idea was originally developed as part of the "AccuForFuture" research project with Anna University, which focused on research into new types of energy storage.

Due to the success of the Chennai Bike 1.0, the existing production facilities and infrastructure in the city, it was decided to start series production of the motorcycle in 2026 with a striking acceptance in the market selling more than 200,000 within the first year.

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Today, the Chennai Bike 1.0 undoubtedly marks the milestone in the sustainable mobility worldwide and is a great example of unlimited potential of a broad cluster of interdisciplinary professionals working in cooperation. This synergy was orchestrated due to the unique potential of creation and inventiveness that Chennai displays.

In addition to the existing automotive and motorcycle industry, the broad knowledge of IT was the major factor in the transformation of the global mobility sector, because in the end it is not just efficiency, battery charging or safet – it is a question of software engineereing.

In order to be able to continue to build on the gathered knowledge and to be able to develop and test new products and market them accordingly, Anna University first set up an innovation lab on its campus in which all new forms of sustainable mobility were designed.

Due to the limited space on the campus, in 2028 a possibility was sought to sufficiently test the developing products. In addition to motorcycles, these included cars, drones and all types of scooters and boats. There were considerations to realize this innovation IT Hub in the suburbs of Chennai, within the existing industrial zones. However, due to the broad support among the population who were understandably proud of the developments and due to the fact that the focus here is on completely climate- and emission-neutral mobility, the decision was made to build an IT Park in the city: In Pallikaranai Marshland. The Marshland was considered to be logistically perfect, as the IT industry was located here anyway due to informal land developments within the Marshland in the last few years, and the connection to the existing highand waterways. As a side effect, the unwanted, but tolerated land reclamation in the marshlands could be countered with the project with the ambition of reversal of the negative impacts that this informal land-use had caused.

Within 10 years, a test track for vehicles was built in the southern part of the marsh and the first (development) buildings standing on stilts respected the natural surroundings of the park. The sustainable structure of the buildings, consisting of ecological materials, redefines the boundary between electromobility and the workplace and can be extended at any time due to the structure.

The first existing office and production clusters within the “The HUB� park were sold within a few days to IT companies, the automotive industry, universities, battery and fuel-cell

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manufacturers, research facilities, etc. Companies from Chennai had a right of first refusal, on the condition that they either return the previously illegally used land in the park to nature or implement large-scale social housing programmes for the slum population living there.

The great demand for clusters within the park resulted in several extensions in the following years and the IT Park has become an integral part of Chennai's cityscape, at the latest with the completion of the drone twin towers in the north by 2037. Later, an industrial zone was added in the west, with a direct connection to the test track.

Within just a few years, the Innovation Lab has developed into a unique centre of knowledge from various disciplines, and over 70% of the companies worldwide working with forms of electromobility are represented here either directly or as participants. It is not for nothing that the “Chennai Guidelines” developed here in “The HUB” since 2026, until today, regulate the communication between autonomous mobility, since the big players of the German, American and Chinese industry get stuck in the discussion of their different standards.

The IT park strengthened Chennai's economy so much that the world's fourth hyperloop was built after New York, Melbourne and Frankfurt, connecting the important innovation hot spots (Anna University, IT Park, Landfill) to the international airport within 5 minutes.

With the construction work in the IT Park in 2034, together with Veolia Environment S.A. , Sembcorp Ltd. and Remondis Gmbh from Germany, as well as the National University of Singapore, the large waste disposal site was started to be removed. The waste stored on the landfill was professionally separated, washed and recyclable parts such as plastic, rubber etc. were reused. The resulting mineralic waste was either reused as building material (e.g. in the social housing programs or in road construction) or stored in a new, structured landfill or incinerated. Following the successful evaluation of this landfill-mining project, the consortium has been working for several years with local spin-offs at other locations in India and countries in Asia.

Chennai is now the IT location and the city with the highest income in India. The prosperity created by the IT Park has given the city an incomparable upswing and contributed significantly

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to resilience through a sustainable form of growth in which the companies involved were held accountable as part of their corporate social responsibility.

The HUB’s test track and the park have long been part of Chennai's culture, and the adjacent Wetland park has expanded again since 2019 due to the land restructuring triggered by the park.

The water has been clean since the landfill was closed and biodiversity has increased greatly, which is why the publicly accessible test track is frequently used by school classes to study biodiversity, and not just at weekends.

How it all began: Chennai in 2019 The fourth most populous city, and the third largest economy. Chennai, boasted an ever-growing industrial sector, but was stuck in the tug-of-war of urbanization and nature. India as a nation was active in the international contest of power-dynamics among leading nations, fueled by growing industries, mighty trade wars, attractively urbanizing cities, and most importantly the dream of a sustainable future for the next generations. But the alarming rise in natural calamities was dampening the golden development dream and hence needed to be addressed at the forefront.

Situated in the precarious geography of Pallikaranai Marshland, that experiences severe lack of attention to the fact that one day it can potentially vanish from the map of Chennai, the Indian IT and the automobile industry joined hands to make the change happen. They started their venture from this very marshland, with the hope to make a bold statement of change.

The social, humanitarian and environmental impact of this pilot project spread like wildfire when their achievements made to the leading newspaper’s headlines. This is when the Chennai Metropolitan government acknowledged the plausibility of this venture and brought in the political wilfulness, expertise, and state-funding needed to scale this pilot project up to a citylevel operational program.

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Phase I : Mid term goals 1000 jobs creation: Fostering Local Economy The governmental impetus and the flourishing “The Hub� infrastructure pushed Chennai IT scheme into a multi-pronged development project, more focused on fulfilling its mid-term goals.

Now they achieved to deliver on their original vision but on the city-level. It was essential to integrate the local community from every income group to achieve real sustainability. The trash islands facility and the construction of a protecting dike for the wetland park kick-started sideby-side not only generated a multitude of jobs that the local community enjoyed but also brought about significant face-lift to the marshland which was becomin the popular dumping site.

The main pillars of the intervention were, enhancement of the transportation network, innovation campus, water-based solutions for infrastructure related issues, re-use of materials and landfill recovery, and the conservation of the marshlands as the most important ecological reservoir of the city.

Pallikaranai Wetland Park

Fig. Section Dike-A

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Fig. Section Dike-B

The heart of the project will be located in the Pallikaranai Marsh, a neglected spot that has been affected by poor land management, encroachments, and natural degradation through time.

Fig. Section Dike-C

Conscious of its immense potential, the project has decided that this area will symbolize the turning point of Chennai’s history. In Pallikaranai Marsh can be pinpointed the most urgent issues that the city is trying to tackle and at the same time offers the perfect scenario to implement the most inventive solutions that can be replicated in several places throughout the city to guarantee a robust biodiverse system.

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To get in touch with nature is the strongest premise, in a contemplative fashion, highlighting its importance and raising the awareness of this precious spot. There is a dike system that outline the whole perimeter, making it accessible for pedestrian flows in selected areas and at the same time generating a protection for possible further encroachments. The visitor will be interacting at the same level of the marshland, notwithstanding never having a direct physical access to trespass the reconstructed natural barriers, generating a dynamics of recognition, interaction and sensitization.

The dike system adapts its architectural features depending on its immediate vicinity, thus recognizes the more sensitive stretches such as the ones located next to the informal settlements, offering complementary activities for locals from the neighborhood to the metropolitan scale.

Furthermore, water retention and groundwater recharge systems were taken into consideration as part of the design strategy, since these technologies will prevent a premature flood scenario of the marshland. In addition, when the spatial limitation allowed it, terraced natural filter systems were disposed in order to clean the run-off water that comes from the city sometimes with high levels of contaminants.

Within the Wetland Park there is a bridge system that connects several platforms intended to accommodate open air leisure activities, e.g., birdwatching, yoga, meditation, social interaction, among others. The linkage with spiritual beliefs is fundamental, understanding the long tradition of temples in Chennai that are thoroughly connected with water bodies, the design incorporates this feature allocating spaces for reflection. In the technical segment, the bridge system is made of recycled material extracted totally from the landfill, this is a floating mechanism that allows the pathway to adapt itself automatically depending on the seasonal conditions. This adaptable and flexible solution foresee the changing nature of the marshland and assures the full enjoyment of the space throughout the year.

In terms of landscape design, in addition to the pedestrian pathways, an Eco-corridor was designed, this corresponds to a series of artificial islands that are deployed in a way that conduct the water flow towards the Buckingham Chanel, controlling floods and mitigating the risk of disaster. Likewise, in the area that is permanently flooded a terraces system was designed, with the straightforward act of shape the land it is possible to show the visitor the different stages of

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the flood depending on the season, ranging from being completely flooded in November to only storage water in the lower step. This sensitive geography has the potential to connect visitors and nature and offers an ever-changing scenery.

Chennai is welcoming the future and its citizens are an intrinsic part of the progress

Landfill Research Hub & Treasure Island

Fig. Landfill Mining

Chennai’s dump yards are radically transformed into clean energy, pure hydrogen, and plasma rock, thanks to the pioneering Enhanced Landfill Mining Research Project 2050 under the guidance of Sembcorp and Veolia Environnement S.A., funded by the kfw development bank from Germany, which have a long tradition of successful projects in Chennai. This pioneering project, one-of-its-kind in Asia, was undertaken in 2020 by Chennai corporation as a response to arguably the most pressing issues in flood management, i.e. the uncontrolled garbage disposal in Pallikaranai marshland. The project boasts of a cutting-edge research center which specialises in the fields of Material and Environmental science where the scientists painstakingly develop the material-flow technology. This technology firstly separates the plastic, glass and metal from the dump yard, then melts this separated waste instead of burning them to produce electricity, pure hydrogen and plasma rock. The plasma rock is then used to create cement, a building material that will be used in the slum-upgrading project. This simultaneous projects that take place on

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Pallikaranai Marsh create a sustainable link between the output and the input. The vision is to make Chennai 100% garbage-free and establish a clean construction culture, which further ensures the longevity of sustainability of this rapidly urbanising city.

Fig. Landfill Phase 1

Fig. Landfill Phase 2

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Community Integration (Non-Formal Settlement Upgrading)

Fig. Floor Plan Settlement Redevelopment

Fig. Community Courtyard

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The economic development and investment that the city is attracting as a consequence of this ambitious project are not worth it if there are not clear frameworks and decision-making will towards developing a socially responsible scheme. Chennai has faced in the past an intricate situation in terms of providing appropriate housing solutions capable to meet the needs of its poorer citizens, Chennai’s slum population amounts to a total of 1,079,414 persons representing a significant part of the whole population, i.e, 26 % (Chandramouli, 2003). As a consequence, several informal settlements have encroached empty lands across the city, developing neighborhoods and communities with profound ties and livelihoods, but in most of the cases with lack of security of tenure, poor physical infrastructure, and unhealthy sewage connections. This is a phenomenon that is expected to continue at a faster pace in the future if not addressed in an appropriate fashion.

As the eviction and relocation approach has proved to be inefficient and unpopular, this must be only the case when existing a great risk of a disaster, making non-viable the permanent occupation of the land. In addition to this, it is imperative to develop programs based on providing security of tenure, infrastructure improvements, and public service connection. This shall be done with close cooperation between actors, and the communities hold a crucial stake in the process. Likewise, the UN

Sustainable Development Goals set the blueprint for

comprehensive strategies that recognize urgent issues nowadays, in that sense the settlement redevelopment project will take into account the following goals as core endeavors: 1. No poverty; 6. Clean water and sanitation; 7. Affordable and clean energy; 11. Sustainable cities and communities.

The pilot project will be carried out in Padmavathy Nagar district, located next to the Nesavalar Nagar Lake in the Southwest side of the Marshland. The intervention contemplates the creation of mix-use blocks of middle height density with central courtyards that foster the social interaction within dwellers. Likewise, the influence of the high-tech campus will have a crucial role in the development of these future settlements, as experiences in similar contexts around the world have demonstrated, the private industry and entrepreneurship can work closely with communities. In this sense, small-scale companies are expected to percolate the urban fabric,

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contributing to the development of early warning alarm systems in case of emergencies and at the same time allowing the entrance to the market to the local workforce.

In addition, these urban blocks will promote the coexistence of different income groups, recognizing the complex nature of the settlements, characterized by encompassing a wide array of ways of life and economic realities. Following this logic, the project contemplates the possibility of incremental growth within the typologies, offering flexibility that relies on the particular economic possibilities of each household.

The communal life signifies a lot for the daily life of these communities and the proper recognition of this feature is fundamental, the project respects this inner dynamics and provides spaces of exchange on the service of the local residents, e.g., Community centers where the main discussions can be held; Communal kitchens; and shelters in case of disaster.

The clean water and sanitation strategy is underpinned in the proper management of run-off water. To do so, the project considers different roof types depending on the function and the economic affordability of the dwellers. Accordingly, flat roofs will incorporate rainwater harvesting systems or green technology intended to retain water in the monsoon season and thermal comfort regulation in summer. Angled tiled roofs will be used for rainwater collection in the water basin allocated inside the central courtyard that then will be used for domestic purposes.

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Fig. Settlement Redevelopment Fig. Section Car Industry Building

Chennai is thriving and its citizens will be the major beneficiaries of its success

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Mid-terms success : A vehicle towards 2050 E-mobility The Hub (Tech park and Connecting IT and e-mobility)

Fig. Section Car Industry Building in “The Hub�

As a key element in our daily life activities, high-tech plays an important role in transportation, industries, commerce, and education. The scheme to integrate possible solutions in order to mitigate climate change effects on Chennai were successful, especially owing to the publicprivate partnership with one of the biggest private industrial players in India, Reliance Industries limited.

In the scope of strengthening the wetland park, the reallocation of the South-East corner where the technology industry crept in and claimed land from the wetlands, will be relocated in a smartly and innovative cluster of technology park islands. The former lands after the resettlement, will be transformed and given back to the wetlands. Part of the mission and drive of the technology islands will be to not only develop and innovative technology but also assist in securing and researching green solutions for dealing with today's and tomorrow's issues. The 19

Universities will play a critical role in this endeavor. As an active research site, electric mobility and more efficient transportation technologies can be developed. Alongside the Trash Island projects, these innovations will also play an important role as how we consume and use products, resources needed, recycling, and the reduction of harmful waste and increase of smarter and greener solutions. Technology being the catalyst.

The goal of the island over time is to strengthen the local and global economies with jobs and infrastructure. Increase in education and socio-political ties of the lower affluent communities.

Agglomerations of highly specialized individuals mixed alongside developing communities, is an opportunity to involve and deploy knowledge and technology to better serve them, while bringing them up to speed to be advanced users, the next generation of innovators, as well as defining of needs that can be addressed and deployed globally.

Fig. Perspective “The Hub�

Transportation technologies are a major driver of these islands. Development of all stages are taken into consideration through test tracks and incorporation of the then implemented systems of transportation. The networks tying communities, transportation, freight, management of materials and resources, education centers, etc, will be continuously under development. With

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this institute in place, Chennai can define its Technology island not just as global service zone to foreign tech companies, but rather become a leader and a lab for others to experiment and learn from.

Hyperloop & Skyline: Future of Integration (Mixed modes of transportation) Looking at the positive results, and the uniqueness of the project, more stakeholders became eager to join and contribute, bringing in more expertise and finance.

The state government, universities, NGOs and private businesses adding different capacities to bring the visionary transportation plan into fruition.

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High-tech Innovation is manifested in an elevated three-tiered transportation system of super-fast hyperloop, fast Light-Rail Transit (LRT) and slow-medium speed cargo pods. The hyperloop is a network spread through the city connecting the strategic locations such as hospitals, Central Business District (CBD), The HUB, Treasure Island, Anna University and the airport with a journey time of less than 15 minutes. LRT takes chennaites to desired destinations in the city with ease and comfort.

Cargo-pods are divided into three uses:

1. Trash-pod to transport the waste from community collection point to the central trash hub and finally to the trash facility where the recycling process will take place.

2. Food-pod for urban farming produce and optimised for food and medical-aid distribution during disasters.

3. Goods-pod to carry light, medium to heavy objects that are used for individuals as well as businesses.

Fig. Hyperloop and Skyline

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This efficient, clean, highly integrated and multi-use transportation system achieves efficiency and resilience.

The vision is that Chennai will work as an authentic Smart City that functions at a faster and more efficient pace due to the integration of the transportation system. The Hyperloop will serve as a fast transit medium to major transportation hubs, creating new synergies of economic and commercial development within its influence zone. Feeder and intercity networking will provide direct access to the entire city alongside cargo needs for the distribution of goods and services.

Denser cities will lead to a better distribution of services and the allocation of resources. With a smarter and greener city, the land use in the vicinity will be more effectively used for agriculture.

A foreseeable negative externality of the Hyperloop project is that the ticket value would rise to the detriment of the use of the system by the locals. Nevertheless, to alleviate this conundrum, subsidies and/or operational costs from the entire transit system could be structured in a way to make the hyperloop an affordable solution, this is why we are envisaging a participative cooperation between stakeholders. This shall not be a reason to hinder the population of the benefits of a competitive and needed transport solution.

The Chennai Smart City initiative enabled through multi-transit systems will impact the following: â—? Reduction of highway and road congestion, by firstly removing major freight and service transporters off the main corridors. Small vehicles such as two and three-wheelers will be replaced over time with electric ones or not utilized at all due to the ease of access to the LRT and Hyperloop. â—? More remote areas will become more desirable and better connected making them a hotspot for upgrading and developing the infrastructure and commercial bandwidth. â—? Congestion will be furthermore distributed to even out the peak times through the concentration of people. More jobs will be created not only to build this system but to then maintain it and all of its supporting industries and commercial opportunities.

Global innovation and testing lab for mobility and supporting industries has been launched in 2025 to keep mobility-based industries updated and able to generate innovative solutions for future challenges. testing and developing autonomous and efficient modes such as drones,

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feeder, commuter, and intercity modes of transportation. which offer a global lab and forum to ignite ideas, exchanging knowledge and experience with other global hubs.

Conclusion In 2019, “Chenn-IT� emerged as a carefully crafted experimental model, constantly redefined and reconditioned in a multi-disciplinary environment of citizens, urban actors, agents, multilayered forms of governments that India had to offer at that time in history.

India presented a case of an integrated network of urban governance and management that was embarking on a new digitally-empowered platform called Smart-City Mission, 2015. As a result, the welcoming approach of the government proved to be highly beneficial in order to venture into multi-sectoral interventions powered by the uniquely smart e-mobility drive at its core.

While the initial inhibitions for any kind of city-level change was perfectly understandable, the mid-term success displayed by the project around 2028 acted as a real game changer. Chennai citizen-groups were initially uncertain of the precious marshland being used for IT and emobility testing purposes, and they actively displayed their lack of trust through protests in order to stop the development. However, soon enough they were reassured by the project delivery which strictly followed the stringent development regulations aimed to avoid any mis-use of land outside the formal framework. The annual e - formula race event in Chennai is now one of the most popular festivities in the city, attracting thousands of tourists every year. This shows impressively how important the project is among the local population.

The same citizen community who were now an active stakeholder in the project, joined hands with the local government project-team to share responsibilities in the community integration project. What the project witnessed along the way, was a real remarkable social impact. When the private IT sector began showing signs of losing interest in this community integration project, the same team of citizen-groups and local government, stepped in and intervened to support the community. The Pallikaranai Marshland continued to thrive as a clean, breathing open space dotted by conscious development of IT, Treasure Island and e-mobility and championed a replicable role-model for a rapidly urbanizing city’s sustainability struggle. The surrounding communities benefit from "The Hub", in which they have adapted completely to the needs of the population working there. These include innumerable small, almost famous street

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kitchens, which are especially popular with international guest scientists, as well as serviceoriented products which are offered. Without a doubt, "The Hub" has changed Chennai, and the prosperity it has created has ensured that Chennai can be seen as an example of a highly resilient city that works with nature to combat climate change.

Since the beginning of this project, Airbus Industries is a strong partner in the design and development of drones and flying Taxis. Based on the experience with “The Hub�, the extensive network and the great support from the population of Chennai, Airbus Industries is currently supporting a feasibility study for the first airport with circular runway technology.

The technology, which has been researched by Airbus for years, enables vertical structuring of airports and is therefore particularly efficient and space-saving. An international competition has been announced some weeks ago and which location would be better suited than the location that made the basis for such concepts possible in the first place.

In addition to this, they show eagerness to invest if the project be replicated elsewhere in the city.

in this sense, Just chenn-it J

Team TUD

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