MAHENG/2012/47805
Vol 3 Issue 9 • Pages 52 • July 1, 2015 • `100/- • www.eprmagazine.com
India's
THERMO METER Featuring top 10 coal based thermal power plants in India by capacity (MW) and by actual power generation
Feature How to reduce emissions in coalbased power plants Industry Analysis India: An emerging power in nuclear Smart metering technology evolving in India
An I-Tech Media Publication
Green Zone Automation to make operation of small hydro plants smoother
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editorial Taking the quantum leap India has made significant improvement in the field of power during the past one year. According to the government resources, the sector has achieved lowest ever power deficit and highest ever increase in power capacity addition. Some of the other major achievements include highest ever coal production by Coal India and renewable energy capacity to increase fivefold. www.eprmagazine.com
I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd, 15/2, 2nd Floor, Chandroday Co-Op Society, Swastik Park, CST Road, Chembur, Mumbai - 400071. (India) Tel.: +91-22-32682214 / 15
Flaunting the achievements of his ministry power minister Piyush Goyal informed, “Last year, India has achieved lowest ever power deficit in India’s history – 3.6 per cent, highest ever power capacity addition – 22,566 MW, highest ever increase in transmission line capacity – 22,100 circuit kilometres, highest ever increase in sub-station capacity – 66,554 MVA and highest ever coal production increase by Coal India – 32 million tonnes.”
GROUP EDITOR* Subhajit Roy Email: editor@eprmagazine.com
Also, there was an 8.4 per cent of increase in power generation, 8.3 per cent growth in coal production and 42 per cent growth in solar capacity addition.
EDITORIAL Kshitija Kolhapure Shahzad Bagwan
The assurance of coal linkages and renewed target of solar power generation are some of major developments within the power sector. Furthermore, Supreme Court’s order upholding RPO is a big boost for renewable energy trading.
ADVERTISING Sanjay Poojary Email: sanjay@i-techmedia.com Call: +91-9975097047
However, all is not so well within the sector especially in the power distribution front. It has been reported that the India’s average plant load factor (PLF) has dropped to a 15-year low of 65.1 per cent. Poor health of state electricity boards (SEBs) and lack of coordination between states-centre authorities are the major contributors for such debacle. If we need to address the issues like downfall of PLF, the government has to bring total reforms within the power sector.
SUBSCRIPTION subscribe@eprmagazine.com Telephone: +91-22-3268 2214/15 *responsible for selection of news under PRB Act
Also, if India wishes to maintain the growth momentum and continues to grow at an average rate of 8 per cent for the next 10 years, the country’s demand for power is likely to soar from around 120 GW at present to 315 to 335 GW by 2017. The country’s major thermal power plants will have to play a key role in attaining such ambitious targets. On this line, this time we’ve discussed the performance of top 10 thermal power plants in India. India also aims to supply 25 per cent of electricity from nuclear power by 2050. We have taken a closer look on India’s nuclear power output surging. On the technology front, the issue discussed on how to reduce emissions coal-based power plants, smart metering, and small hydro power plant automation. Hope you’ll enjoy reading this issue as always. Please do send me your comments at editor@eprmagazine.com
Printed and published by Subhajit Roy on behalf of I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd. and printed at Print, Process Offset Printers, B-23, Royal Industrial Estate, 5-B, Wadala, Mumbai-400031 and published from I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd. 1, Gayatri, Karumari Amman, Chheda Nagar, Chembur (West), Mumbai - 400089. Editor: Subhajit Roy All rights reserved. While all efforts are made to ensure that the information published is correct, Electrical & Power Review holds no responsibility for any unlikely errors that might occur. The information on products and services / technology on offer is being provided for the reference of readers. However, readers are cautioned to make inquiries and take their decisions on purchase or investment after consulting experts on the subject. Electrical & Power Review holds no responsibility for any decision taken by readers on the basis of information provided herein. Tel.: +91-22-32682214/15, +91-9821667357
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July 2015
Electrical & Power Review
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Cover Story
India’s Thermo Meter Featuring top 10 coal based thermal power plants in India by capacity (MW) and by actual power generation (Million Units)
Feature
16 24
Powering India Highlights of the performance and future growth plans of Coal India
Green Zone
36
An in-depth view of how automation plays a huge role in operation of small hydro power plants in India .
How to reduce emissions in coal-based power plants The article highlights how we can reduce emissions from coal-based power plants.
Tech View
40 Industry Analysis
26 32
Automation to make operation of small hydro plants smoother
DEIF’s Hydro Turbine Control Solutions The systems are not only suitable for new installations but can also be used to upgrade existing plants
India: An emerging power in nuclear An analysis on whether India will become a super power in the nuclear power domain and how it will cope with the challenges.
Case Study
42
Smart metering technology evolving in India
Not just a tool for fabricators and drawing offices A report on Tekla Structures in practice
A detail analysis on smart metering industry in India
One-on-one
34
Socomec: Ensuring reliable power solutions Sushil Virmani, MD, Socomec Innoative Power Solutions explains why providing complete package along with good after-sales services to customer is a value addition.
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08
Power Update
14
Open Forum
44
Power Brand
48
Trading Zone Electrical & Power Review
POWER UPDATE
Solar power capacity target raised 5 fold to 100 GW The Union Cabinet, chaired by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi, gave its approval for stepping up of India’s solar power capacity target under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) by five times, reaching 1,00,000 MW by 2022.
and reduce dependence on fossil fuels that put a strain on foreign reserves and the ecology as well. The solar manufacturing sector will get a boost with this long-term trajectory of solar capacity addition. This will help in creation of technology hubs for manufacturing. The increased manufacturing capacity and installation are expected to pave way for direct and indirect employment opportunities in both the skilled and unskilled sector.
The target will principally comprise of 40 GW Rooftop and 60 GW through large and medium scale grid connected solar power projects. With this ambitious target, India will become one of the largest Green Energy producers in the world, surpassing several developed countries.
“The new solar target of 100 GW is expected to abate over 170 million tonnes of CO2 over its life cycle. This Solar Scale-up Plan has a target of 40 GW through decentralised solar power generation in the form of grid connected rooftop projects. While decentralised generation will stabilise the grid, it will minimise investment on power evacuation,” the statement said.
The target will require an investment of around ` 6,00,000 crore. In the first phase, the government will provide ` 15,050 crore as capital subsidy which would be utilised to develop rooftop solar projects, viability gap funding (VGF) based projects, and decentralised generation through small solar projects. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) intends to achieve the target of 1,00,000 MW with targets under the three schemes of 19,200 MW.
ACME opens 100 MW solar power plant in Rajasthan
In addition, solar power projects with investment of about ` 90,000 crore would be developed using bundling mechanism with thermal power. “Further investment will come from large Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) and Independent Power Producers (IPPs). State governments have also come out with State specific solar policies to promote solar capacity addition,” an official statement said. “The government may also approach bilateral and international donors as also the Green Climate Fund for achieving this target,” the statement adds. Solar power can contribute to the long-term energy security of India,
Solar power producer ACME announced the commissioning of 100 MW solar power plant in Rajasthan. The company has invested ` 800 crore for five projects form the cumulative projects of 100 MW. The power generated from the project at Tehsil Bap, Jodhpur will be evacuated through a 132 KV line linked to project site and supply electricity to the state of Rajasthan under the PPA signed with Solar Energy Corporation of India. ACME Solar commissioned the solar power project within 150 days starting from foundation stone laying to electricity generation.
SoftBank, Bharti and Foxconn to invest $ 20 bn for solar projects in India Japan headquartered telecommunications and Internet major SoftBank Corp, leading Indian business conglomerate Bharti Enterprises and Taiwan-based design and manufacturing services provider Foxconn Technology, announced a joint venture, SBG Cleantech Limited to promote the adoption of clean and safe energy in India. SBG Cleantech will invest $ 20 billion and targets setting up of 20,000 MW of solar projects over the next 10 years. The company intends to participate in the 2015-16 round of solar power plant tenders under the National Solar Mission (NSM) program and statespecific solar programs.
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Masayoshi Son, Chairman and CEO of SoftBank, said, “With this partnership, our goal is to create a market-leading clean energy company, to fuel India’s growth with clean and renewable sources of energy. We have joined hands with Bharti Enterprises and Foxconn, two leaders in their respective markets for this venture that will propel India into the future.” Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman, Bharti Enterprises, added, “Just as mobile phones have connected every Indian, renewable power has the potential to provide every Indian with access to electricity. SBG Cleantech underlines our commitment to India’s growth plans not
only by eliminating energy deficit but also providing clean environment to the future generations of India.” Terry Gou, Founder and CEO, Foxconn Technology Group, said, “Foxconn is committed to fulfilling our social and environmental responsibilities (SER) and investing in areas that link technology with sustainable growth in a way that also protects the environment.” SBG Cleantech will have Manoj Kohli, a Bharti veteran, who until recently led Bharti’s emerging businesses, as executive chairman and Raman Nanda, as the CEO. The company will be headquartered in Delhi.
Electrical & Power Review
Manual or Automatic Operation?
Integrated Hydropower Management Customised to Your Needs Unlike many older hydropower plant controller solutions, where all operations are performed in manual mode, DEIF’s Delomatic 4 Hydro hydro turbine control system features a simple and user-friendly signal push-button start and fully automated operation. Perfect for retrofitting projects. DM-4 Hydro Features The Delomatic 4 Hydro solution maximises output, making it highly cost-effective compared to alternative solutions. Replacing PLC models, the DM-4 Hydro controls sequencings and governor operation too.
sĂˆ Ăˆ4URBINEĂˆSEQUENCEĂˆ ĂˆSTART STOPĂˆCONTROLĂˆ sĂˆ Ăˆ'ENERATORĂˆ ĂˆBUSBARĂˆPROTECTIONĂˆ sĂˆ Ăˆ/05 ĂˆBRAKEĂˆANDĂˆJACKĂˆCONTROLĂˆĂˆ sĂˆ Ăˆ0OWERĂˆCONTROLĂˆ sĂˆ Ăˆ%XCITATIONĂˆCONTROLĂˆ VOLTAGE POWERĂˆFACTOR sĂˆ Ăˆ7ATERĂˆLEVELĂˆCONTROLĂˆ
Other primary benefits include more user-friendly operation and stable and reliable production with a sequence of event system in place that makes troubleshooting very easy.
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POWER UPDATE
SC upholds applicability of RPO on captive power plants The Supreme Court ruled that renewable purchase (RPO) obligations applicable to captive power consumers are justified. The order came in the case between Hindustan Zinc and Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission. The SC has ruled that RPO on captive consumer is justified and interpreted it in the context of Article 51A (g) of the Constitution of India that cast a fundamental duty on the citizen to protect and improve the natural environment, and the mandate of Article 21 that guarantee right to live with healthy life. The Section 86 (1) (e) of the Electricity Act (EA) 2003 provides for RPO on consumption of energy and the RPOs are determined by respective State Electricity Regulatory Commissions. The applicability of RPOs is on the Distribution Companies (Discoms) Captive Power Plants (CPP) and also on Open Access (OA) consumers. In August 2012, the Rajasthan High Court had dismissed an appeal by Hindustan Zinc Ltd., Ambuja Cements Ltd., Grasim Industries Ltd., and 14 other companies that challenged RPO regulations enacted by the Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission (RERC) for put RPOs on Captive Power Plants. The key Captive Power Plants and Open Access users had contested that RERC did not have the authority to pass the order of RPO and impose surcharge (penalty) as CPP and OA were completely de-licensed activities under the Electricity Act 2003. Further that EA 2003 only allows RPO on the ‘total consumption in the area of the distribution licensee’ and therefore intends to apply RPO on distribution licensees only. The Hindustan Zinc had appealed in the Supreme Court against the High Court.
“The Supreme Court order is a positive development and will help in enhancing RPO compliance and further contribute to renewable energy growth in the country,” the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy said issuing a statement referring to the court’s order which came on May 13.
Hindustan Powerprojects Achieves COD of Unit-I of its Anuppur Thermal Power Plant The COD of unit-I (600 MW) of the first phase of 2,520 MW Anuppur thermal power project in Madhya Pradesh project has been commissioned at a total project cost of ` 8,000 crore. This project will play key role in addressing power sufficiency to UP and MP. The total capacity of this thermal plant is 2,520 MW to be developed in two phases of 1,200 MW (2 x 600 MW) 1,320 MW (2 x 660 MW). Raghav Trivedi, President Thermal, said, “The company has pursued an inclusive agenda by reaching out to communities and adhering to the strictest environmental norms. The benefits of investing about ` 400 crore towards environment-friendly technology like ESP and planting over 81,000 trees will be reaped by the communities during the lifetime of the project. We thank the local authorities, community leaders and the people in the surrounding communities for their support. The commissioning is an evidence of the success of the PPP model.” Hindustan Power Projects, signed PPA’s with Government of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh for 35 per cent and 361 MW respectively.
SunEdison acquires Continuum Wind Energy in India Gujarat, as well as 170 MW of wind power under construction in Madhya Pradesh, and has more than 1,000 MW of wind power plants in development across six states in India.
SunEdison, the world`s largest renewable energy development company by geration capacity, announced that it has signed a definitive agreement to acquire Continuum Wind Energy Limited, Singapore with assets in India. Continuum owns and operates 242 MW AC of wind power plants in Maharashtra and
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july 2015
Ahmad Chatila, President and CEO at SunEdison said, With the acquisition of Continuum, a leading wind energy company in India, we have added significant assets and a skilled wind development team to drive further growth in our renewable energy development platform. This acquisition reinforce`s SunEdisons commitment to India and will drive immediate shareholder value.
We are excited to join SunEdison at this time of rapid growth in India`s renewable energy market, said Arvind Bansal, CEO of Continuum. SunEdison intends to place the power plants acquired from Continuum on the operational call rights list for TerraForm Global. Operation and maintenance of the wind power plants will be performed by SunEdison Services, which provides global 24/7 asset management, monitoring and reporting services. The definitive agreement was signed June 12 with closing expected in the third quarter of this year.
Electrical & Power Review
USES BIM SOFTWARE TO REDUCE RISK AND RAISE VALUE
Create models that have everything you need for building complete with rebar, embeds and pours. Working with Tekla minimizes costly surprises and rework Simulate your structure in the model instead of trying it out on the site. You can create drawings from Tekla model, and actually fabricate these accurate drawings Tekla’s BIM tools help everyone to understand the design intent and realize it.
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POWER UPDATE
Sterlite commissions 765 kV transmission Adani to develop 10,000 MW solar park project in Rajasthan Sterlite Power Grid Ventures Limited (Sterlite Grid), a subsidiary of Pune-based Sterlite Technologies Limited, completed commissioning of all eight elements of Bhopal Dhule Transmission project. The project implemented by the special purpose vehicle Bhopal Dhule Transmission Company Limited (BDTCL) involves six transmission lines of about 1,000 circuit kilometres and the two 1,500 MVA substations at Dhule and Bhopal.
Adani Group has signed a joint venture agreement with the government of Rajasthan to set up a 10,000 MW solar park, which would emerge as the largest such integrated facility in India.
Sterlite Grid is the first private developer to commission 765 kV project in India under the ‘Build, Own, Operate and Maintain’ model. The project traversing through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat will attract annual tariff of close to ` 250 crore. The fully commissioned project will contribute significantly to the cash flow of Sterlite Grid that will operate and maintain this project for 35 years. The project will benefit close to a million households in these states.
The proposed park is expected to attract investments over `60,000 crore and it will include generation projects and a massive manufacturing unit for solar module, parts and equipment. Adani itself plans to generate 5,000 MW in this solar park.
BDTCL project is part of the system strengthening scheme of the Western Region to facilitate the transfer of up to 5,000 MW of electricity from the coal belt in the East, to the energy deficient regions of western and northern India. It involves 765 kV Single Circuit Lines; Vadodara-Dhule-Aurangabad and Indore-Bhopal-Jabalpur, two 400 kV Double Circuit transmission lines and two 765/400 kV substations at Bhopal and Dhule to strengthen the transmission system in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat. BDTCL is considered as a critical part of national grid as it facilitates the evacuation of power from Odisha & Chhattisgarh to load centers. This network will also provide energy stability to Indore, Dewas and Aurangabad among the other industrial pocket of the route.
The JV will be known as Adani Renewable Energy Park Rajasthan Ltd, will have a 50-50 equity partnership between the Rajasthan government and Adani Renewable Energy Park Ltd, a subsidiary of Adani Enterprises Ltd.
First Solar connects 20 MWac utilityscale solar power plant to Telangana Grid First Solar, Inc. announced the successful commercial operation of its first 20MWac utility scale PV project in India. This project is part of a larger 200MWac projects portfolio which is wholly owned by First Solar and is in various stages of construction in India. This 20 MWac project has been established in the southern Indian state of Telengana and is contracted under a 20 year PPA to sell power to the Southern Power Distribution Corporation of Telengana at a Levelised tariff of ` 6.49/kwhr. The construction of the Marikal Solar Plant has created more than 350 on-site jobs. It also created off-site jobs to supply material as well as roles responsible for the design, management and support of the project.
Omicron’s IPTS & ITMF to be held in October
Omicron’s International Protection Testing Symposium (IPTS) and Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum (ITMF) will held in the month of October. The 3-day international conference will take
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place from October 13-15in Feldkirch, Austria. The event will be focusing on exchange of knowledge about new methods and solutions for ensuring stable and reliable grids which will be the central pillar of this year’s International Protection Testing Symposium (IPTS) and Instrument Transformer Measurement Forum (ITMF).
consider simulation. While the ITMF 2015 will concentrate on conventional and nonconventional instrument transformers. General subjects such as design and accuracy will be covered along with more specific topics such as power quality requirements, Ferro-resonance and field diagnostics.
IPTS 2015 will cover topics concerned with protection testing in distribution automation, transmission systems and generation. Selected papers will focus on power utility communication, IEC 61850 system verification, data management and new distributed testing approaches that
Participants and speakers from all over the world will be adding international flavor to these special OMICRON events. Aside from the conferences, attendees will also have the opportunity to gain hands-on experience during a variety of practical sessions.
Electrical & Power Review
OPEN FORUM SC upholds applicability of RPO on captive power plants. What is your comment?
Positive impact is imminent What is clear is that the government has a clear intent to support the RPO and we’re seeing that in the various matters that are being adjudicated either at the regulatory level or at the court. I’m glad to see that this is happening. I think RPO is a very important construct of the growth of renewable in India. So I do believe that any verdict that supports the sanctity of RPO is definitely going to have an impact. - Pashupathy Gopalan, President, SunEdison – Asia Pacific
A positive development The ruling will act as a major boost for the sector and will aid in casting the net wide to bring in mandatory consumption of renewable power by industries with captive power plants. Vikram Solar welcomes the apex court’s ruling as a positive development that will help all state electricity regulators implement RPO obligations more effectively. - Ivan Saha, President & Chief Technical Officer, Vikram Solar
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Electrical & Power Review
OPEN FORUM
A landmark judgment Presently, any obligated entity can comply with RPO either by setting up RE-based plants or purchasing RECs from the market. Not all obligated entities set up RE-based projects since it demands capital, land and grid infrastructure. There are very few cases of setting up of such projects under RPO obligations. Now, if we look at the trade volume of RECs being traded, those are just around 4 – 5 per cent and there is still huge difference between supplied RECs and their cleared volumes due to less demand for RECs. The basic reason behind this scenario is no penalties imposed on obligated entities so far on non-compliance with RPO percentages. This was also one of the reasons why RPO after its introduction in the Electricity Act 2003 could not be the instrumental factor in promoting renewable energy in India. Hence, the judgment given by the Supreme Court has significance in context with the actual implementation of RPO and overall growth of RE sector. - Gaurav Sood, Managing Director, Solairedirect Energy India
Much needed boost for RE sector The SC order provides clarity on applicability of RPO on captive entities that they have to procure green power or RECs becomes certain. The SERCs can now impose stricter RPO compliance measures as per their regulations. With the reduction in the floor prices of the solar RECs and the huge availability of non-solar RECs that can sustain the market price to remain at floor price value for a considerable length of time, the obligated entities should have no more reasons to refrain from quarterly RPO compliance and participation in REC trading sessions. - Sougata Chatterjee, Dy. Manager (B.D), Manikaran Power Ltd
Electrical & Power Review
july 2015
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FEATURE
Powering India Kshitija Kolhapure outlines the performance and future growth plans of Coal India power utilities of the country during 2014-15 surged ahead to 384.18 million tonnes, up by 30.35 million tonnes, from that of 353.83 million tonnes achieved in 2013-14 registering 8.5 per cent growth. Coal India has set an ambitious target of producing 550 million tonnes of coal during 2015-16. Meeting India’s need In India, coal as an irreplaceable dominant energy fuel meets more than 50 per cent of primary commercial needs. Coal India alone meets around 40 per cent of the primary commercial requirements of the country. The gap between demand and supply is increasing annually. The country’s coal demand is racing ahead of the indigenous coal production. During 201415, while the country’s coal demand has been 787 million tonnes, the actual all India coal production was around 611 million tonnes (Provisional). For the year 2015-16, the country’s coal demand is projected at 910 million tonnes whereas the production is expected to be around 700 million tonnes. Coal India was formed in 1975, after coal mine were nationalised with effect from 1st May 1973. Today, it is the world’s largest coal producer, with seven wholly owned coal producing subsidiaries and 1 mine planning and consultancy company spread over 8 states of India. Not only this, it also owns ‘Coal India Africana Limitada’, which is a mining company in Mozambique. In addition, it also owns 26 technical and management training institutes and 102 vocational training institutes. Enhanced performance At its inception, Coal India started with a modest production of seventy-nine million tonnes. Now it produces over 400 million tonnes of coal annually. And dominates 74 per cent of the Indian coal market. In spite of facing challenges such as: land acquisition and greener clearance, Coal India in the FY 2014-15, improved its performance by 7 per cent. Coal India has put up a commendable performance in FY ending 2015 producing 494.23 million tonnes of coal registering 7 per cent growth. The production increase in absolute terms has been nearly 32 million tonnes compared to the previous fiscal which is highest ever incremental increase in a single financial year since the inception of the company. Despatch of coal and coal products from Coal India as a whole to
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In an aim to meet the ever increasing demand, Coal India is striving to increase its production capacity. The company has identified certain major issues, which would help enhance production. Seeing the timely completion of three major railway lines is priority short-term strategy, which would unlock large coal reserves in the states of Jharkhand, Chattisgarh and Odisha for evacuation. Another short-term measure is pursuing MDO (Mine Development Operators) process which would supplement coal production. Technology nurturing To increase the production and meet the supply demand, in future, Coal India’s strategies would include productivity improvement in mines through Technology upgradation in opencast mines with induction of high capacity equipment and in underground mines with continuous miner technology in large scale, long wall technology at selected mines, man riding system in major mines and use of telemonitoring techniques. Other system improvements include e-procurement of equipment and spares, e-tender of works and services etc. Ultimately Coal India’s aim is to meet the targets diligently. Electrical & Power Review
MAHENG/2012/47805
Vol 3 Issue 8 • Pages 60 • June 1, 2015 • `100/- • www.eprmagazine.com
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS ON ELECTRICAL & POWER
Transformers markeT in india:
opporTuniTies and ThreaTs An in-depth analysis on how the transformer market is going to grasp the opportunities and overcome challenges
EPR PERSONALITY Gaetan Tiberghien, International Finance Corporation ONE-ON-ONE Deepesh Nanda, GE South Asia FEATuRE Coal-linkage to captive power plants: the inside story INduSTRY ANALYSIS Cogeneration is the way to go
An I-Tech Media Publication
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Cover Story
India’s THERMO METER Featuring top 10 coal based thermal power plants in India by capacity (MW) and by actual power generation As of April 2015, India had 2,72,687 MW of installed power generation capacity. Out of this, India’s total thermal installed capacity stood at 1,89,498 MW, while hydro and renewable energy installed capacity totalled 41,632 MW and 35,777 MW, respectively. With an installed capacity of 5,780, the country is increasing its footprint in the nuclear based power generation sector. However coal remains the primary source of energy as far as Indian power sector is concerned. Out of the total installed capacity of 2,72,687 MW, coal based thermal power plants contribute to 1,65,236 MW which is 60.6 per cent of total.
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has been approved by government at a cost of Rs.1,500 crore involving BHEL, NTPC and Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) to achieve higher efficiency, reduce carbon-dioxide emissions and coal consumption for coal based power plants. Renovation, modernisation and life extension of old thermal power generating units and retirement of old and inefficient thermal generation units, in phased manner, is being undertaken. The government has issued policy on automatic transfer of linkage in case of scrapping of old units and replacing them with new supercritical plants. Doubling coal cess from Rs.100 per tonne to Rs. 200 per tonne for funding projects under National Clean Energy Fund. Perform Achieve Trade (PAT) Scheme under National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency is under implementation by Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE). In this scheme, individual target for improving energy efficiency has been assigned to 144 thermal stations.
In order to improve efficiency of coal based power plants and to reduce the carbon footprint of the power sector the government has taken following initiatives:
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• Out of about 87,000 MW thermal capacity under construction, about 48,000 MW is based on supercritical technology, which uses less coal. • Supercritical technology has been made mandatory for Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPPs) being implemented. • In 13th Five-Year Plan, all coal fired capacity addition shall be through supercritical units. • An advanced ultra super critical technology R&D project
In this article, EPR lists top 10 coal based thermal power plants in India by capacity (MW) and by actual power generation (Million Units) in 2014-15.
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Electrical & Power Review
Cover Story Top 10 power plant by capacity
Top 10 power station by actual power generation (Million Units) in 2014-15
No. Station
State
Sector Owner Installed Capacity as on 31.01.2015 MW Private Adani 4,620
No. Station
State
Sector
01
Mundra TPP
Gujarat
01
Mundra TPP
Gujarat
02
Vindhyachal STPS
Madhya Pradesh
Central NTPC
4,260
02
Vindhyachal STPS
Madhya Pradesh
03
Mundra UMPP Gujarat
Private Tata
4,000
03
04
Sasan UMTPP
Madhya Pradesh
3,300
05
Tirora TPP
Maharashtra Private Adani
3,300
06
Talcher STPS
Odisha
Central NTPC
3,000
07
Rihand STPS
Uttar Pradesh
Central NTPC
08
Sipat STPS
Chattisgarh
09
Korba STPS
10
Ramagundem STPS
Private Adani
Installed Capacity as on 31.01.2015 MW 4,620
29,773.18
26,188.2
Central NTPC
4,260
28,795.84
24,625.42
Mundra UMPP Gujarat
Private Tata
4,000
23,927.8
22,203.16
04
Talcher STPS
Odisha
Central NTPC
3,000
21,761.65
19,484.22
05
Sipat STPS
Chattisgarh
Central NTPC
2,980
19,169.52
18,112.29
06
Rihand STPS
Uttar Pradesh
Central NTPC
3,000
18,502.78
17,802.45
3,000
07
Ramagundem STPS
Andhra Pradesh
Central NTPC
2,600
19,746.25
16,800.58
Central NTPC
2,980
08
Korba STPS
Chattisgarh
Central NTPC
2,600
20,652.98
16,586.86
Chattisgarh
Central NTPC
2,600
09
Kahalgaon TPS Bihar
Central NTPC
2,340
13,005.19
14,576.76
Andhra Pradesh
Central NTPC
2,600
10
Sasan UMTPP
Private Reliance 3,300 Power
2938.95
14,039.24
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Madhya Pradesh
Owner
2013-14 2014-15 Generation Generation (MU) (up to Jan 15) (MU)
Mundra TPP
Adani Power added feather to its cap, by synchronising the supercritical technology based 660 MW generating unit in Mundra. Implemented within 36 months from its inception, the project was developed with the aim to provide captive consumption of APSEZ in Mundra. Recently, Mundra bagged the ‘Top Plant’ award in the coal based thermal power plant category in the month of May. It is now, the largest private thermal power player, in the country with the generation capacity of 10,440 MW. It sources coal from Indonesia and water supply from Gulf of Kutch. Owned by Adani Power, this single location based thermal power plant ranking 5 in the world – is located in the Kutch District of Gujarat.
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Vindhyachal STPS
Vindhyachal Themal Power Plant is the largest power station owned by NTPC, situated near Singrauli and Rihand station, in Madhya Pradesh . The plant obtains coal from Nigahi mines and water supply from Singrauli STPS. Madhya Pradesh, Daman and Diu, Chattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa, Dadra nagar Haveli are some of the benefiaicary states. Vindhyachal Themal Power Plant is now installed with 4,260 MW capacity with another 500 MW unit under construction.
Electrical & Power Review
july 2015
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Cover Story
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Mundra UMPP
Indian government initiated UMPP in the year 2005 aligned with the aim to provide clean power with minimum cost and ‘Power to all’ . The construction of Mundra UMPP - India’s first 4,000 MW private project began in 2007, near mundra port, Gujarat. This 800 MW unit coal based thermal plant is operated by Coastal Gujrat Power Ltd (CGPL) in Gujarat. The plant run by imported coal, supplies power Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Gujarat are the states who face shortage of electricity. Mundra UMPP shows a number of advanced technological initiatives which include super critical technology. This technology and the choice of unit sizes will help save fuel for the project and cut down the GHG emissions compared to conventional coal-fired power stations. High
efficiency Electro Static Precipitators (ESPs) have been installed to control particulate matter emissions. Fly ash from ESP is transferred in closed pneumatic pipelines which help in controlling emission.
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Sasan UMPP Talcher Kaniha STPS is positioned as the second best station among the other stations of NTPC with plant load factor of 96.43 per cent. With its approved capacity of 3,000 MW, its installed capacity for stage one is 1,000 MW, and for stage two is 2,000 MW which is under construction. Situated in Angul district in Odisha, Talcher receives coal from Talcher coal field lingraj block. It gets water supply from samal barrage reservoir on river Brahman. Some of the beneficiary states are Orissa, Bihar, Sikkim, Assam etc.
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Sipat STPS
Sipat Super Thermal Power Stations is also known as Rajiv Gandhi Super Thermal Power Station. It supplies power to Chattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujrat, etc. A coal based power plant owned by NTPC, is located in Bislaspur district of Chattisgarh, sources coal from dipika mines of south eastern coalfields limited. The fuel is transported through NTPC’s own rail transportation system.
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Rihand STPS
Rihand STPS’s first unit was commissioned in 1988, derives coal from Amlori and Dudhichua mines. Based in Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh. Its approved capacity is 2,500 MW, and installed capacity is 3,000 MW. Uttar Pradesh, Uttranchal, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi and Chandigarh are some of the beneficiary states.
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Electrical & Power Review
Cover Story Top 10 thermal power plants in India Continued from 20 f
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Ramagundam STPS
Ramagundam an ISO certified Super Thermal Power Station, is part of NTPC with 2,600 MW capacity located in south India. Singareni, a coal mining company delivers coal, and water is periodically supplied from SRSP- Sriram Sagar project. The water is stored in the balanced reservoirs and are monitored on daily basis. The generation is equally distributed to Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra.
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With installed capacity of 2,340 MW sources coal from Rajmahal Coal Fields of Eastern Coalfields Limited. The plant owed by NTPC, gets water supply from river Ganga. Based in Kahalgaon in Bhagalpur district of Bihar supplies power to West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, and Sikkim.
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Sasan UMPP
Korba STPS
NTPC’s Korba Power Plant with installed capacity of 2,600 MW went under major stressed in 2011, when 50 per cent production was cut down after it failed to make necessary arrangements for ash disposal. The plant located at Jamamipali, Chhattisgarh with approved and installed capacity of 2,600 MW.
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Kahalgaon STPS
July 2015
Sasan Ultra Mega Power Project (UMPP) is a 3,300 MW plant can be found in Madhya Pradesh. The project has been commissioned and is operational. The plant has been allocated three captive coal mine blocks: Mohar, Mohar Amlori extension and Chhatrasal. It is envisaged that, the production of coal per annum would be 25 mn tones; if contribution from all the three mines are clubbed together. And out of 10,000 acres of land, 7,000 acres would be occupied by coal mines. This is the first domestic coal-based project awarded by government of India. And would become the largest coal-cum-power plant in the country. Its generation for the year 2014-15 is 14039.24.
Electrical & Power Review
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Feature
Inefficient coal-based power plants are the major threats for our environment. This article highlights the Indian scenario and suggests how we can reduce emissions from such plants Huge air emissions from a stack of an Indian coal based plant Credit: Green rating Project, CSE, New Delhi
How to reduce emissions in coal-based power plants Of the total pollution from the industrial sector, the coal-based power sector currently accounts for approximately 60 per cent of particulate emissions, 45-50 per cent of sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions, 30 per cent of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions and more than 80 per cent of mercury emissions. Earlier this year, CSE had released its environmental rating of the coal-based thermal power sector, under its Green Rating Project. 47 plants – adding up to 55 per cent of the nation’s capacity – were rated ‘poor’ on all the parameters. Kyoto Protocol ‘episode’ Over 100 developing countries, including China and India, were exempted from the Kyoto Protocol. So the question is: Did exemption from Kyoto Protocol backfired India in reducing the CO2 emissions? According to Kishor Kumar Bhardwaj, Head – EHS, Hindustan Power Projects Pvt Ltd, “India and China both have ratified the Kyoto Protocol. However, India and China are in the list of developing countries. And countries in this list have no target assigned for GHGs reductions. So, I don’t think exemption to reduce
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GHGs emissions under Kyoto Protocol backfire India in reducing CO2 emissions.”
but with the improvement in combustion technologies, emissions can be reduced.
Sharing his comments on the same topic, Sanjeev K. Kanchan, Deputy Programme Manager, Sustainable IndustrialisationGRP, Centre for Science and Environment said, “As a developing country, India did not need to commit itself to any national emission reduction targets under the Kyoto Protocol. Per capita CO2 emission in India is 1.8 tonnes, far below of OECD (10.61 tonnes) and world average (4.39 tonnes). Even by 2031, it would remain below today’s world average. Therefore, India’s voluntary commitment to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20 – 25 per cent by 2020 (comparison to the 2005 level) is an important contribution to the global effort to mitigate climate change.”
Compared to the CO2 emission rate in an advance power plant (ultra-super critical) at 0.67tCO2/MWh power generation, average CO2 emission by an Indian plant is nearly double. The reason is our fleet of coal–based power plant which has major proportion of smaller, outdated and inefficient plants. A less efficient plant consumes more fuel for power generation which in-turn generates more CO2. Around 95 per cent of coal-based power generation capacity in India still operates on inefficient subcritical technology.
India and adoption of advanced technologies India still is lagging back when it comes to modernising thermal power plants and reduce the coal usage per unit of electricity generation (kg/kWh). Modernisation with reduction in coal usage (kg/kWh) will help in reducing the national emissions. Quality of Indian coal will remain same
CCS in India is still not out from laboratory scale and there is no concrete success has made in this direction. Sanjeev K. Kanchan, Deputy Programme Manager, Sustainable Industrialisation-GRP, Centre for Science and Environment
Electrical & Power Review
Feature For example, Japan started running advanced ultra-supercritical plants 15 years back, which led it to be the country with one of the highest efficient power sector, above 40 per cent efficiency, in the world plant. Even after 15 years, India doesn’t have any ultra-supercritical plant till, and therefore, the efficiency of Indian plant is one of the lowest, around 33 per cent. Therefore, India needs to bring in the advanced power plant (ultra-super critical) to reduce the CO2 emission. Mr Kanchan thinks, “It indicates, we have the biggest opportunity to control over GHG emission through improvement in this sector. What we are supposed to do is to phase out the in-efficient plants and modernise those which have scope of improvements. Where the older plants need to improve, the new and upcoming ones need to be ensured for having efficient and clean technologies.” Thus, if India adopts the advanced power plants, have huge scope of improvement in energy efficiency, therefore in CO2 emission reduction as well. One can imagine the scope of improvement with the fact that, if we improve the efficiency by 3.5 per cent, our CO2 emission can reduce by 9 per cent. Even if a 300 MW plant improves its efficiency by 1 per cent, it can save 1 million tonnes CO2 over its life of 25 years. Carbon capture, use and storage Carbon capture and storage (CCS) involves capturing carbon dioxide from the flue gas of fossil power plants and
Widespread adoption of CCS has the potential of reducing fossil fuel emissions by 85 per cent or more by 2050.
Kishor Kumar Bhardwaj, Head – EHS, Hindustan Power Projects
Electrical & Power Review
long-term sequestration/storage. CCS is being considered worldwide as the key options for climate change response. Now the question arises: Is near-zero emissions from coal with carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS) possible?
Research (IGCAR) for enhanced efficiency of thermal generation. The objective of the scheme is to achieve higher efficiency, reduce carbon-dioxide emissions and reduce coal consumption for coal based power plants.
According to Mr Bhardwaj, “CCS has been identified by the IPCC as one of the key technologies in global efforts to stabilise CO2 concentrations at 450 or 550 ppm. Widespread adoption of CCS has the potential of reducing fossil fuel emissions by 85 per cent or more by 2050.”
Regulatory push With the aim of tightening pollution norms for coal-based power plants in the country, the environment ministry has proposed a fresh standard for old and new units seeking them to substantially cut down release of dangerous particulate matter (PM).
To see on the other side, capturing the emitted CO2 and storing it has been observed in some countries but not widely. And as far as use of captured CO2 is concerned, it is still in the research and development phase. Even the carbon capture and storage CCS is very costly and has significant drawbacks like uncertainty over potential storage capacity, possibilities for leakage, increased public resistance and energy costs etc. Adding to it, CCS impacts hard on energy efficiency of the plant, reduces efficiency by 7-13 percent, therefore the power generation required to compliment that much power in-turn will emit additional CO2. Mr Kanchan, said, “CCS in India is still not out from laboratory scale and there is no concrete success has made in this direction.” Available technologies India needs high efficiency combustion technologies such as super critical and ultra-super-critical plants equipped with advance pollution control equipment. Efficient combustion technology not only reduces CO2 emission, it also helps to reduce emission of nitrogen oxides, generated during in-efficient combustion process, which has significant impact on climate change. High-end technology also allows installation of better pollution control measures. Off late, an Advanced Ultra Super Critical Technology R&D Project has been approved by the Indian government at a cost of `1,500 crore involving BHEL, NTPC and Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic
India currently has no standards for SO2, NOx and mercury emissions from this sector. As the impact of pollution from coal-based power generation is known to be disproportionately high, the environment ministry proposed to tighten norms for emissions of PM, SO2, NOx and mercury and cut water use by coal-based thermal power plants. However, there are currently no standards to curb emissions of SO2, NOx and mercury. The only standards that exist are for PM, which are quite lax compared with the global norms. This fact was highlighted by finance minister Arun Jaitley in his budget speech in support of an additional cess of ` 100 per tonne on coal that will be used to invest in clean generation. Proposed standards The new standards will be expected to cut particulate emissions from new plants by 25 per cent; SO2 emissions by 90 per cent; NOx emissions by 70 per cent and mercury emissions by 75 per cent compared with the existing stateof-the-art plants. Those plants that were established after 2003 will need to meet slightly lower standards, while plants older than 2003 will be required to meet more relaxed norms. “We believe these lower standards are acceptable given technical and economic limitations in installing pollution control equipment in older units,” said Priyavrat Bhati, CSE’s Director for Green Ratings Project. july 2015
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Industry Analysis
An analysis on whether India will become a super power in the nuclear power domain and how it will cope with the challenges
India: An emerging power in nuclear Nuclear power plant is a much spoken topic at this moment. Many controversies and debates are going around in consideration with nuclear projects, and its hazard to the environment. There’s a huge question mark, whether, will India be a successful country to meet its energy target from nuclear power plants, or will it turn out to be like Chernobyl or Fukushima? However, experts believe, in the coming years nuclear will be the main source of electricity generation. According to the data published by Power Reactor Information System of International Atomic Energy Agency in 2014, India ranked 13th in terms of generation. Speaking on the positive note, the country has set a goal, to double the nuclear power generation capacity to more than 10 GW over the next five years. In addition, to have adequate
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nuclear fuel supply to the stations, India has entered into Inter-Governmental Agreements (IGA) with France, Russia, Kazakhastan, Uzbekistan and Canada. In the near future, the nuclear power projects will be based on indigenous technologies with global cooperation. There are four native nuclear power reactors are under construction which is to be completed by 2019. Two more indigenous 700 MW reactors are also expected to be completed by 2024. The dark cloud over the nuclear power projects has not yet gone. In India, there is fierce opposition towards nuclear projects development: one of them is Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project (JNPP). In spite of facing oppositions, protestors and anti-nuclear activist, the government continued its effort to boost the nuclear projects in India.
Recently, signing Agreement took place on 10th April 2015 for JNPP. If build, it would be the largest nuclear power generating station in the world by net electrical power rating. However, the question remains: Is nuclear power a boon to India? Let us
India impressively developed indigenous core competence in the nuclear power sector.
David Durham, Senior Vice President, COO, GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy
Electrical & Power Review
Industry Analysis have a glance on what our industry expert have to say about the surge of the nuclear power in India. Nuclear or renewable? In December 2014, an open letter signed by 75 leading conservation scientists called for the environmental community to accept nuclear power as a key part of the global energy mix. It observed that the practice of generating energy out of nuclear power plant is in active process in many countries. Experts have expressed after a thorough study, that the nuclear power can offer reliable production for 24/7 and it will have lesser effect on the environment as it does not release harmful gases such as CO2 and methane. The scientists also noticed that there is a very strong direct correlation between Human Development Index (HDI) and per capita electricity consumption. As nations, India included, endeavour to raise the standard of living, and will increase electricity generation. At the same time, climate change concerns demand that there is need to move towards cleaner forms of energy. Also, it is necessary to mention that electricity demand is increasing twice as fast as overall energy use and is likely to rise by more than two-thirds between 2011 and 2035. Giving his expert opinion Shah Nawaz Ahmad, Senior Adviser India, Middle East and South-East Asia, World Nuclear Association, says, “Given the present scenario and severe need for electricity,
The Indian nuclear power track record, both of DAE/ NPCIL and the industry, bodes well for the success of this assimilation but it remains a challenge nevertheless. Shah Nawaz Ahmad, Senior Adviser India, Middle East and South-East Asia, World Nuclear Association
Electrical & Power Review
in the near and intermediate term, most countries will need to have a power mix, which will need to include fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear. In the long term, fossil fuels will need to be eased out and greater share has to be taken by renewables and nuclear. India is also following this route, the debate is how much of which.” It is very true that no country will generate energy from one source, it is essential to have various sources. In that case it is important to follow pragmatic route of power mix where one will see that renewables and nuclear stand on the same side of the carbon divide. Just like renewable, nuclear power is low carbon-generation source of power. The biggest advantage from the nuclear power plant is that, it can deliver its performance in spite of harsh weather conditions. Parikh Shamik, General Manager, Marketing and Strategy, AREVA India, explains merits of nuclear energy over renewable by commenting, “The challenge with renewables is they are difficult to integrate on to a grid and also it is tough to forecast their output. Nuclear energy can be produced from nuclear power plants, even in the cases of rough weather conditions unlike wind and solar plants. They can produce power 24/7 with high reliability, at very high efficiency, with low running costs, low fuel cost. The best part is that this energy has a continuous supply.” David Durham, Senior Vice President, COO, GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy agrees upon the views expressed by Mr Parikh, saying, “Nuclear power produces more clean energy than all other sources combined. It is the only source that can produce large amounts of electricity around the clock and is not subject to changing weather or climate conditions.” Talking about the cost advantages of nuclear power Mr Durham says, “As fuel accounts for just 31 per cent of a nuclear facility’s production costs compared to 80 or 90 per cent for coal or natural gas plants, nuclear power offers exceptional
price stability. In contrast, electricity from fossil-fuel plants is highly susceptible to fluctuations in coal and gas prices. Looked at another way, one nuclear fuel pellet that weighs approximately seven grams provides as much energy as one ton of coal, 17,000 cubic feet of natural gas or 149 gallons of oil.” Experts agree that, the nuclear energy is most efficient and reliable and 24/7 available. It can offer stable and reliable production. It seems that nuclear energy is receiving great support and will soon fix its position as one of the essential energy source. Sharing his experience of Finland, Pasi Tuohimaa, Head of Communications, Corporate Relations, Teollisuuden Voima Oyj, says, “Renewable energy sources depend on sunshine and wind. It does not shine at night and the wind does not always blow. Where do you get the energy from when renewables are out? At the moment renewable energy is much more expensive than nuclear energy and it needs a lot of taxpayers’ money. Nuclear, not at least in Finland, needs no money from the taxpayers. I would say that nuclear energy together with renewables is a good combination for CO2 free world.” Future of nuclear power in India There seems to be a steady way and support from the government to carry the nuclear deals, projects in spite of blockages. The nuclear capacity is poised to have steady growth of 12-14 per cent CAGR till 2030. India targets to reach 10 GW by 2019. The Indian nuclear bodies such as DAE and NPCIL are taking steps to develop the global bonds in terms of standards, ideas, new technology. “The Manmohan-Bush deal opened the way for international nuclear commerce. In addition to the Russian reactors, India proposes to build nuclear power plants with the cooperation of France and USA. The intention is that these additional plants will increase nuclear power manifold, helping India to meet its climate commitments to a certain degree, while providing much needed july 2015
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Industry Analysis
Nuclear energy can be produced from nuclear power plants, even in the cases of rough weather conditions unlike wind and solar plants. Parikh Shamik, General Manager, Marketing & Strategy, AREVA India
electricity,” says Mr Ahmad. “The Indian nuclear power track record, both of DAE/ NPCIL and the industry, bodes well for the success of this assimilation but it remains a challenge nevertheless.” Welcoming the initiatives taken by the government Mr Parikh says, “The current government is giving lot of focus to ensure improvement in all the areas of fuel supply, indigenous reactor technology, foreign collaboration as well as local supply chain development. So we will surely see a steady increase of nuclear power in India’s overall energy mix.” Mr Durham believes that bringing the best technology to the country, advanced and passive safety-based reactors such as the GE Hitachi (GEH) ESBWR (Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor), would enable highly-skilled Indian engineers to become familiar with the technology. He also adds that, “The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission certified the ESBWR design last year and we expect to complete an early works agreement with NPCIL soon as we continue our collaboration on the site they have identified in the Kovvada region in Andhra Pradesh for multiple ESBWRs.” India post nuclear non-proliferation treaty India was out of nuclear nonproliferation treaty due to its weapon program for 34 years. Ironically, the years of isolation gave an impact on the collaboration and joint research that India could have done with other
countries. As a growing nation, though India faced this severe problem, it fought back the situation with determinations and got back on its feet. Mr Parikh says, “India has developed the sophisticated nuclear technology for PHWR, FBR and also AWR type reactors which clearly shows that these years of isolation have been used judiciously. India has also developed its own nuclear technology for military use making it one of the select nuclear-armed states.” Over the years, India developed its own nuclear expertise and gained regards within the international fraternity. Today, India has a long-standing, comprehensive and robust nuclear programme, which covers all aspects of the nuclear energy. Currently, it is building several 700 MWe PHWRs and one 500 MWe FBR. This is an indigenous programme where Indian authorities have designed and constructed the reactors and operate the same. This programme is well under way. According to Mr Durham, “India impressively developed indigenous core competence in the nuclear power sector. This included the infrastructure to support servicing, refuelling, upgrading and regulating its reactor fleet. This infrastructure will help build, maintain and service the new reactors that are being planned.” Nuclear safety issues Nuclear power is a critical solution to the global climate change challenge. Reducing carbon emissions will require a diverse energy portfolio. Without clean, safe nuclear power, reaching carbon goals is all but impossible. However, following the Fukushima nuclear accident of 11 March 2011, the authorities across the world got shaken up. The devastating accident caused by a 15-metre tsunami raised serious questions over the safety of nuclear power plants. Sharing his views Mr Parikh says, “Fukushima accident raised legitimate concerns and the nuclear
industry has responded to ensure that all the lessons in nuclear safety are learned from it. Post-Fukushima the international safety standards have been revised to ensure utmost safety even in extreme situations.” However, despite Fukushima, the fundamentals of the nuclear market remain the same. “Fukushima accident does not call into question the growth of nuclear energy. The challenges remain the same: energy independence, growing demand for electricity, and climate change,” Mr Parikh adds. Explaining the ever-increasing confidence in nuclear power Mr Ahmad shares, “Globally, before Fukushima accident, there were 434 reactors in operation, 72 under construction and 173 were planned. As of March 2015, 437 reactors are in operation, 65 are under construction, and another 165 reactors are planned. Nuclear continues to generate 11 per cent of the world’s electricity as before. Even in Japan, nuclear restarts are now being authorised.” “From a technological standpoint, the industry has continued to evolve with each new generation of reactor bringing enhanced safety and efficiency. Today, this evolution culminates with GEH’s ESBWR,” Mr Durham explains. “With its advanced passive safety systems, the ESBWR is the world’s safest nuclear reactor design on the market today, based on the industry standard of core damage frequency. Additionally, the
At the moment renewable energy is much more expensive than nuclear energy and it needs a lot of taxpayers’ money.
Pasi Tuohimaa, Head of Communications, Corporate Relations, Continued to 30
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Electrical & Power Review
Venture Lighting India Ltd Plot No. A30, D5, Phase II, Zone B, MEPZ, Tambaram, Chennai 600045 Tel: 91 - 44- 2262 3094, Fax: 91 - 44- 22625569, E-mail: marketing@vlindia.com
Industry Analysis India: An emerging power in nuclear Continued from 28 f
Nuclear waste - not a hazard? According to WNA, nuclear power is the only large-scale energyproducing technology which takes full responsibility for all its wastes and fully costs this into the product.
Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant
reactor can cool itself for more than seven days with no on-site or offsite AC power or operator action in a station blackout situation. The ESBWR is unique among reactors in this capability.” Recently, a 12-day long survey was carried out by International Regulatory Review Service (IRRS) Mission of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to review the Indian’s regulatory framework for nuclear safety. The Mission looked at the regulatory framework of AERB for nuclear power plants and projects. The team identified a few areas of the Indian nuclear safety regulatory framework in need of improvement, including the following: • Promulgation of the established policies and strategy for safety and the strategies for radioactive waste management as statements of the government’s intent • Embedding in law the regulatory independence of AERB • Review of implementation of policy and arrangements to ensure maintenance of independence in the performance of regulatory functions • Enhancing then frequency of routine on-site inspections at NPPs to allow for additional independent verification • Development and implementation of its own internal emergency arrangements including detailed procedures to fulfil its roles related to emergency response.
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“When we talk of waste, we need to talk both about the volume of waste, our ability to handle it and the ill effects of coming into contact with this waste,” Mr Ahmad said. The quantity of fuel needed to generate a certain amount of power depends on its calorific value and obviously if a lot of fuel is put, a lot of waste will be generated. Typically, a 1000 MWe plant needs 2,000,000 tonnes of coal, or 1,960,000,000 gallons of oil, or 27 tonnes of uranium. A coal plant will generate, on an average 400,000 tonnes of ash, as well as considerable amounts of particulate matter and injurious elements such as As, Hg, Cr, Cd. In addition it will produce around 5,000,000 tonnes of CO2 per year. Whereas a typical 1000 MWe light water reactor will generate 200-350 m3 low- and intermediate-level waste per year. It will also discharge about 20 m3 (27 tonnes) of used fuel per year which corresponds to a 75 m3 disposal volume following encapsulation if it is treated as waste. Where that used fuel is reprocessed, only 3 m3 of vitrified waste (glass) is produced, which is equivalent to a 28 m3 disposal volume following placement in a disposal canister. Safe and secure storage of these much smaller quantities, over a long period of time is now considered feasible and practical. “India has adopted the reprocessing route so the lower volumes will govern in the country,” Mr Ahmad adds. Mr Passi says, “All the used fuel we have made during the last 35 years is stored temporary in three small water pools. In Finland we also have the solution for the final depository of used fuel.”
What stopping the countries go fully nuclear? Even though globally, the acceptance of nuclear energy remains high, in India the nuclear power projects are facing bottlenecks almost in every step. The latest addition is proposed 9,600 MWe power project in Kovvada, Andhra Pradesh. The State government reported to have asked the NPCIL to deposit ` 500 crore towards land acquisition cost and rehabilitation activities. Commenting on what stopping the country to go fully for nuclear power, Mr Passi said, “I think our politicians are a little scared of public opinion. That can only be fixed with very open, quick and transparent communications. The rule is that the less you know, more scared you are. Truth is also that building a new reactor has become a huge investment.” He suggests, “We need to get the industry going again with these new and much secure regulations. That would also lower the costs of building a new plant.” However, Mr Parikh believes, one needs to look at each country in their own perspective. According to Mr Durham, “While several factors influence a nation’s policy toward nuclear energy, the fact is that many nations recognise the need for clean air, base load sources of electricity and want the type of long-term, stable priced electricity that nuclear generates. Reducing carbon emissions will require a portfolio of technologies and nuclear energy must be part of the mix.” Conclusion India’s struggle towards the nuclear power generation is slowly proving successful. If observed, even after facing problems, India is making progress towards being one of the topmost players in the nuclear power generation. R.K. Sinha, Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission once said, “Nuclear energy is the clean and green source of energy and it is a good option for energy if per capita consumption of power in India has to be increased. This way we can leave a clean planet for the generation to come and fight the challenge of global warming.” Electrical & Power Review
Industry Analysis
Smart metering technology evolving in India Smart meters have come a long way establishing their presence in the utility market to developing advanced technology for better utilisation of energy Smart metering has soon become an emerging market in India with utilities focusing on smart metering to improve grid infrastructure. With technology becoming advanced smart meters help utilities to collect information about energy usage transmitting it via fixed communication to utilities. Smart metering today has improved the quality of energy and help in optimum utilisation of electricity. Are smart meters really smart Smart as a word when used for any device or individual is supported essentially via its way of working. In case of meters whether it is in case of electricity, water or gas, the term ‘smart’ has a lot of significance associated with it. An electronic energy meter logs past 3 to 6 months of consumption (billing data) along with consumption
pattern (load survey). It also has tamper detection intelligence and provides multiple communication ports for retrieving the data. It provides a neat display for consumer’s and meter reader’s convenience. JK Agarwal, Joint Managing Director, Genus Power Infrastructures Ltd believes, “The features of measurement of electricity in 2-way communication with central server station for real time meter data monitoring and control of load according to electrical parameters/condition, makes the meters really smart.” A smart meter in addition, has features of an alarm notification in case of severe tampering attacks like high ESD (Electro Static Discharge) and EMP (Electromagnetic Impulse). The smart meter not only logs the data but also generates an alarm to preconfigured mobile numbers or email accounts of utility personnel to gain immediate attention. This feature not only prevents power theft but also provides valuable evidence against notorious consumers. In some parts of world, the smart meter architecture even enables utilities to plug any communication module on to a smart meter, giving them flexibility to communicate wirelessly (using LPRF radio modules or GSM/GPRS) or through wired medium (PLC or RS-485). “The best part is smart meters are getting
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smarter every day. Now a smart meter can communicate over IPV6 networks (every meter having unique IPV6 address worldwide) giving the consumer and utility, absolute information and control respectively,” says Abhed Misra, System Applications Lead - MCU and LPRF, Texas Instruments India. Relevance of smart meters in India Adoption of smart meter in India is becoming popular and there is a need to adopt the practice of using smart meters. With public and private utilities realising smart meters as vital components for their infrastructure. Speaking on relevance of smart meters in India Mr Agarwal feels, “Smart meters
There is reduced vendor dependency, interoperable metering system, integrated system for load measurement, controlling and data communication.
JK Agarwal, JT Managing Director, Genus Power Infrastructure
Electrical & Power Review
Industry Analysis in the Indian context are very much relevant, where demand for electricity is always greater than availability. Smart meters help utilities to manage/control the load/demand in a better manner.” Smart meters enable time of use based on tariff to encourage consumer to use electricity in off peak time. Smart meters are good in conditions like brown out (reduced load) facility to avoid complete disconnection of electricity. Smart meters get disconnected during abnormal electrical conditions, avoiding any hazard. With large geographical region it is always a challenging to give best services, IT enabled meters gives real time information to central server station for better services. Smart meters give all the information through consumer display units and local displays needed for load analysis. This in conjunction with tariff for peak hours can be used to balance the load distribution along with savings on monetary side for consumers. The consumption pattern allows consumers to distribute their load over the day, like using washing machine being used in cheaper tariff hours and using air conditioners on little higher temperatures thereby conserving power and saving money. This also allows utilities to purchase power if needed from other states or utilities in off peak hours on cheaper rates. Pre-Payment facility discourages defaulters and ensures cash flow for
The best part is smart meters are getting smarter every day.
Abhed Misra, System Applications Lead MCU and LPRF, Texas Instruments India.
Electrical & Power Review
utilities making them earning profits instead of incurring heavy losses. “It is very important to know that most of the power utilities in India are losing out due to heavy AT&C (Aggregate Technical and Commercial) losses, which generates an absolute need for Smart Meters,” saya Mr Misra. Advantages of smart meters A smart meter has number of advantages. For example, smart meters enable consumer with accuracy in their electrical bills. A smart meter sends information to your energy supplier on how much energy you have used on regular intervals. The most important and significant ones are unique in terms of worldwide access, monitoring and control and future ready from a communication perspective. India has taken the lead in defining standard of smart meters. In a world of multiple technologies for different application needs, the Central Power Research institute of India and Power Ministry could narrow down to 6LowPAN on abstraction layer, IEEE802.15.4/15.4g on MAC and PHY layer and DLMS on application layer for communication. This enables the entire smart meter installation going forward to be uniquely addressable and accessible worldwide through IPV6 address. Each smart meter with inbuilt load control relay provides control to utilities and consumer as well. “With DLMS as a standard application protocol having pluggable communication capability, smart meters will enable any future communication technology module to be plugged and used readily, feels Mr Misra. Emerging technology in smart metering For any technology to be understood and accepted, the stages of its evolution need to be looked upon. There are several new technologies which are being worked and looked upon to be used in smart meters or smart grids. Some countries are working on Zigbee protocol standard on Sub 1GHz band and are reusing the maturity of that standard for effectively addressing their certain specific needs. Zigbee also uses IEEE802.15.4, appropriately addressing
all the layers of an OSI model of the communication network. Commenting on the emerging technologies in smart metering Mr Agarwal says, “There is reduced vendor dependency, interoperable metering system, integrated system for load measurement, controlling and data communication. Improvement in customer response, real time meter data Information.” There are certain installations of smart meters in which the meters offer smart phone connectivity through BLE/Bluetooth as well. “Texas Instruments with its vast portfolio and offerings of LPRF radio’s completely caters to all the technologies and has certified and proven solutions on both, the hardware and software side,” remarks Mr Misra. Trends in smart metering Smart meters have been usually considered expensive and unaffordable by the Indian consumers. But with the recent demand for smart meters growing companies are coming out with newer technologies which provide optimum utilisation of energy, security from thefts, capacity to handle fluctuating loads etc. With an Indian standard specification for smart energy meter in place, it is now almost a mandate for all the power utilities to ensure purchase of smart meters only. Mr Misra opines, “It is understood and accepted by all the stake holders in the power sector that with technologies like IP connectivity, load control, theft/tamper alarm and pre-payment, any further delay in using them is only going to cost more and more money.” Leveraging the smartness of smart meters for various benefits is as of late, trending. ”With initial hickups to accept the emerging technology in the last 2 years utilities are accepting the benefits of advance technology for optimum utilisation of available energy resources. The pilots done in initial stages are now started converting into business, inputs from utility and learning from field experience improvising in product features,” says Mr Agarwal. july 2015
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One-on-one
Socomec: Ensuring reliable power solutions “India is one among the top priority markets for Socomec, having a strong and large customer base, with state of the art manufacturing facility, new and dedicated advanced technology solutions for this market,” says Sushil Virmani, Managing Director, Socomec Innovative Power Solutions Socomec , is a manufacturer of high quality power solutions since 1922, with complete control over its technological processes, constantly improving its fields of expertise in all its business applications such as critical power, power control and safety, solar power and energy efficiency in order to offer its clients increasingly customised and appropriate solutions. In an interview with Shahzad Bagwan, Sushil Virmani explains how important critical power products are and why providing complete package along with good after-sales services to customer is a value addition. How is the current market situation for critical power products? The demand for critical power products has been good so far and evolving day by day as the users understand the importance of protecting their critical loads. However the sluggish growth of the power sector has had some impact on critical power products. The market has been growing and showing signs of further improvement. UPS are used to improve the quality of power as well as protect the critical loads against any disturbances, be it data centre, IT, BFSI, healthcare and manufacturing process. In large business environments where business continuity and reliability is of great importance the need of uninterrupted power supply is inherent. What are your main areas of focus? Socomec has a vast array of manufacturing
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and technical expertise. Having this, our aim is to penetrate into this market with all our four key business applications. We have products and solutions dedicated to each segment and application. We are also planning to strengthen our Channel and distributor community by giving them wider product portfolio, technical knowledge and marketing support for them to promote our products in this market. It will also help us to reach our target audience where we don’t have direct presence. Our focussed approach and empowered partnerships which will grow into a long-term relationship built on trust and transparency. Do you plan to roll out new products in the market? We are committed to understand and meet the needs of clients; our endeavour is to constantly strive towards bringing new technology advanced solutions that add value to our customers. During this year, we have launched many new solutions for critical power, power control and safety and energy efficiency applications. The new product ranges will add in to existing wide range of products and targets data centre, IT, service sector, infrastructure, healthcare, light industrial applications. Critical Power MODULYS GP ranging from 50 to 200 kW is the 100 per cent modular and fully redundant UPS of the Green Power 2.0 family and it is the result of Socomec’s 20 years of experience in providing modular solutions. Electrical & Power Review
ITYS Pro single and three phase high performance and cost effective UPS from 10 to 20 kVA with two different configurations (without battery / with insolation transformer) available. Compact but fully equipped, easy to use and flexible, simplifies each step of the project - from the design through to installation, including all maintenance operations. ITYS E single phase compact tower UPS from 1 to 10 kVA, affordable and reliable protection for sensitive IT and electrical applications. Constant output voltage and frequency regulation makes ITYS E compatible with different applications, operating environments and Gensets. Power control and safety SOCOMEC recently extended ATyS range of transfer switches by introducing ATyS dh from 4,000 A to 6,300 A. The product family ranging from 40 to 6300 A comprises of four ranges providing different functions and allowing various switching contexts such as mains-to-mains and mains-to-genset Energy Efficiency DirisDigiware, is a plug and play simple solution for building a modular measurement system. The system comprises as a minimum a display unit, a voltage measurement module, multiple current measurement modules and current sensors. Diris BCMS (Branch Circuit Monitoring System)720 is the new robust and compact measuring unit for monitoring up to 72 single-phase branch circuits. The compact case fits in all types of power distribution units (PDU) installed in proximity to servers. What are your future plans to enhance growth of the company? We strongly believe in the Indian market and definitely we have further plans for investment. We want to bring the expertise closer to the market and keep bringing in technologically advanced products which are reliable and affordable. We have presence across 12 locations in India. The success of our business relies primarily on a combination of our customer intimacy, operational excellence, product leadership and customer value proposition. We have dedicated service specialists are available 24 / 7 to support our customers to increase the service life and availability of their most critical electrical installations. Correspondingly for lower capacity UPS, changeover switches and meters, our authorised service providers (ASP’s) trained by Socomec, offers the best service to our customers. We have handful of channel partners and distributors to cover this market. Our effort is to capacitate our partners to competently handle the technology upgrades and adeptly propose the best of breed solutions to valued customers. Electrical & Power Review
july 2015
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Green Zone
Automation to make operation of small hydro plants smoother An in-depth view of how automation plays a huge role in operation of small hydro power plants in India and renewable energy sources, small hydro represents the ‘highest density’ resource and stands in the first place in generation of electricity. Small hydro power is one of the focus areas of power generation since it requires low investment and is one of the most appropriate renewable energy sources to meet increasing energy demands.” While answering to a query on whether India is in the right direction in operating small hydro power plants, Pankaj Mishra, Industry Business Segment Head - Water and Waste Water, Schneider Electric India said, “Yes, India is on the right track as we have enough of water resources which can be used to generate power. But still lot of emphasis on standardisation is required on improvement, reliable technology, stock production and control for micro and small hydro plants.” The Indian subcontinent is bestowed with potential to generate hydro power. In India the ministry of new and renewable energy is responsible for developing Small Hydro Power (SHP) projects up to 25 MW station capacities. Most of the potential for hydro power generation lies in the Himalayan states for river based generation and in other states for canal based projects. Currently, India is exploring the limitless opportunities in hydro power generation with setting up of small hydro power plants up to 25-30 MW capacity being the preferred choice as compared to large hydro projects. India’s focus on small hydro power plants The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has introduced the Small Hydro Power (SHP) programme to promote power generation from renewable
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sources of energy. Small hydro has been identified as a critical source of energy which can help in resolving the crisis of energy which the country currently faces. With small hydro projects being developed by both public and private players the ministry’s aim for SHP’s installed capacity of 7,000 MW by the end of 12th Five-Year Plan doesn’t seem far enough. Hydro power is the world’s most widely used form of renewable energy. It produces about 20 per cent of the world’s electric power and accounts for almost 90 per cent of electricity generated from renewable sources. It is clean, sustainable and emission-free. Commenting on potential of hydro power generation in India Ahmad Khan, VP, Power Generation – Automation, ABB says, “Among all the non-conventional
While talking on penetration of automation in this sector, Neeraj Kala, Assistant Manager (System Engineering), Flovel Energy
...a more economical solution optimally meeting the automation requirement will be necessary.
Ahmad Khan, VP, Power Generation – Automation, ABB
Electrical & Power Review
Green Zone Pvt Ltd opines, “In small hydro power plants the automation is only limited to powerhouse. They do not have efficient staff to operate the plants which results in generation loss.” Experts feel there are many flaws which are hindering growth. According to Nagendra Sharma A, Manager – Proposal Engineering, BFL Hydro, “Still there is huge untapped potential available which is under the licence of influential people who are neither developing nor selling the licence of potential. The power purchase tariff is not changing as per market inflation. The process of approvals and financing is taking long time from concept to completion. All the equipment is designed with higher margins because of old regulations.” Relevance of automation in small hydro plants With manual systems, the operators need to constantly monitor routine round the clock activities related to plant operation, equipment start-stops, handle disturbances and emergency situations, maintain logs and reports etc. which often lead to fatigue and loss of efficiency resulting in increased human errors. The plant load factor gets affected, leading to poor utilisation of installed capacity. “To have optimum reliability and availability of the control system we need automation in place so that
Automation can reduce man power and improves accuracy of operation.
Nagendra Sharma. A, Manager – Proposal Engineering, BFL Hydro
Electrical & Power Review
man-less operation can be done and increase power generation by efficiently controlling and man monitoring the whole system help us in maintaining the hydropower plant better,” remarks Mr Mishra. Automation in small hydro plants can drastically enhance operator effectiveness and help take quick actions. According to Mr Sharma, “Automation can reduce man power and improves accuracy of operation. Preventive and scheduled maintenance will decrease the down time.” Implementation of an automation system improves the productivity and operational efficiency of a hydro power plant. Automation is the best answer for eliminating the issues encountered in manually controlled units. All relevant information, alarms and events related to the process and control system hardware are made available at one place. Mr Khan says, “Centralised monitoring helps utility owners to effectively monitor the operation of multiple facilities from one place and enables them to take quick, well-informed decisions that have bearing on the overall productivity and profitability.” ABB has delivered the Symphony Plus system at the Ranganadi Hydro Electric plant in Arunachal Pradesh in India, a solution that improves operator efficiency in terms of greater awareness of plant behavior, faster decision and preventive maintenance actions due to the availability of alarm management, trip analysis details, trends etc. on Symphony Plus Operation HMI system. Difference of automation between large and small hydro power plants There is a lot of difference between the automation used in large hydro plants as compared to small hydro plants. There is a structural difference between small and big hydropower the first is mainly decentralised the later is usually utilised by big structures, which have usually massive environmental impacts. Speaking on the different ranges of
systems involve in the hydro power plant automation Mr Sharma says, “Large hydro power plants participate the grid regulation and hence governing plays a major role for frequency regulation while, small hydro do not participate in grid regulation only load control and CAM control would be sufficient. Since most of small hydro projects are run off river the turbine required to operate at peak efficiency based on head and flow variation.” Small hydro plants are mostly located in remote areas with difficult access, in such case the automation system should be easy to operate and maintain by the staff which may not be very skilled. “A simple, rugged and maintenance free Symphony Plus total plant automation system with remote control features will be highly desirable in the case of these small size plants,” assures Mr Khan. He adds, “In case of large plants, the cost of automation systems could be a small fraction of the total investment, whereas in the case of small hydro plants, this could be significant. Therefore a more economical solution optimally meeting the automation requirement will be necessary. There is also a tendency to club sequencer, governor, and protection and excitation system in a single panel, where as in large hydro plants these are conventionally separate systems.” The basic difference is when designing small and micro hydropower plant all the production and electrical control are designed within the single UCB and there are not as many panels as compared to larger power plants. “Basically in NCC, in production panels and in panels for auxiliary controls there are metering and other breakup panels for which we have large number of cuticles for that larger power plant but in a micro power plant everything can be controlled within a single panel. In small power plant you may do it with two or three electrical panels,” explains Mr Mishra. Advancement of protection systems Control and protection systems in july 2015
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Green Zone Control Room: Manual Operated Plant
Control Room: PC based, fully Automated
Difference between manual operation and automated operation (Image courtesy: ABB)
In small hydro power plants the automation is only limited to powerhouse.
Neeraj Kala, Assistant Manager ( System Engineering), Flovel Energy Pvt Limited
small hydropower plants have seen considerable advancements in the recent years. The latest state-of-the-art easy to use PC-based HMI (human machine interface) systems offer many benefits to hydro power plants. Microprocessorbased digital control system with the associated high performance controllers and high density Input/output hardware has drastically reduced the space required
India is on the right track as we have enough of water resources which can be used to generate power.
Pankaj Mishra, Industry Business Segment Head - Water and Waste Water, Schneider Electric India
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for installation of the automation system. “The control hardware is rugged, reliable and is easy to maintain with online replacement feature. The old hardwired systems have given way to software configurable DCS systems utilising powerful function control blocks and libraries,” says Mr Khan. Now monitoring of protection relays (IEDs) can be done. The latest numerical protection relays combine multiple functions into a single unit. These relays communicate over IEC 61850 protocols. The relays support self-calibration and advanced self-diagnostics. Old electromechanical or electronic relays are being now progressively replaced with latest intelligent electrical devices (IED’s) and modular platform hardware which are easily monitored and diagnosed remotely from HMI. When we say Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), we can put the manual control combined into a smart controller so that all the decisions are made by the central CPU and on the backend of it there is a program that can be written and designed as per the required logic so it’s a smart interface that does all the jobs and takes care of all the control points and on front end of the control panel there is SCADA where we can see what is happening on the backend. All operations like turbine and generator control, synchronisation, auxiliary control, gird control, protection and level monitoring all is integrated into single PLC. “We don’t need an additional controller for the individual control which in-turn
helps in reducing the size of UCB and also we can have a multiple user SCADA which can give interface to so many users,” says Mr Mishra. This system is not available in manual system or with PLC in which we can have better control. Automation products/solutions According to ministry of new and renewable energy there are about 27 equipment manufacturers of small hydro power turbine who fabricate almost the entire range and type of SHP equipment listed in MNRE. Manufacturers’ capacity is estimated at about 400 MW per year. Schneider Electric produces hydro turbine governors, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) based automated grid control integrated with level and SCADA based remote monitoring and control for multiple hydro power plants to serve the hydro power sector in India. While ABB’s product portfolio covers the entire automation needs of a hydro power plant, including control, instrumentation and electrical systems solutions. ABB’s latest and state-of-the art Symphony Plus Control System is a rugged, low maintenance automation system with extensive features specifically for Hydro solutions. Profibus, HART, IEC61850, IEC-60870-5 and Modbus TCP communication protocol. Symphony Plus HMI system is designed for high performance human machine interface, integrated operations, seamless life cycle management, and information management, alarm management, security, process optimisation, flexible, scalable and fault tolerant design. Electrical & Power Review
India's Largest Exhibition and Conference for the Solar Industry Bombay Exhibition Centre, Hall 1 Mumbai Intersolar India is your gateway to one of the most promising solar markets in the world! Network with over 9,500 potential business contacts from the Indian solar industry Stay up to date with the latest trends and technological developments Boost your brand visibility with an established B2B event
with special exhibition
Tech View
DEIF’s Hydro Turbine Control Solutions The systems are not only suitable for new installations but can also be used to upgrade existing plants Conventional hydro turbine control systems are generally complex and fragmented setups that include a general purpose PLC, separate generator protection relays, synchronisers, governors, water level controls and other auxiliary control systems. These old generation hydro turbine control and protection systems may no longer be up to the task of meeting today’s requirements for cost-effective and reliable operation of the hydro power plant. These systems may also be vulnerable to failures due to their complex nature. The suppliers and manufacturers of these systems being diverse and small and medium enterprise, which implies that as a customer one may not get the support when required, which could result in decreasing availability and deteriorating operational reliability of a power plant that can land in loss of revenue.
DEIF, a company of Danish origin with global presence, is one of the world leaders in control solution for the power generation systems on land and marine segments. DEIF with its eight decade of experience has developed control solutions for hydro power, the largest and most economical source of renewable energy. In order to guarantee optimised power plant operations, increase safety and simplify maintenance, DEIF has developed integrated solutions that are capable of performing large number of functions compared to standard systems. Due to its integrated products and solutions DEIF can reduce the maintenance costs to a minimum. DEIF India Pvt. Ltd., a subsidiary of DEIF A/S, Denmark, develops and provides innovative solutions for power management and control of micro,
DEIF HMI AGI 1 xx NOTE: Mains breaker control & Mains power measurement is optional NOTE: Moderns are not DEIF supply Telephone Modern RS 485 DM-4 Hydro Auto sync, generator control & protection
TCP/IP
Modern Internet Water Level
Turbine: -speed Control: Francis wicket gate Kaplan runner pitch/wicket gate Pelton multiple nozzles -Monitoring
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Auxiliaries: -Hydraulic power pack Lube oil system Water cooling system Temperature monitoring & control Jacking & breaking system
mini and small hydro power generating sets. DEIF systems have been installed successfully in large number of hydro power plants countrywide over a very short time span. Its product Delomatic is used by numerous renowned OEMs and end-users including Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Ltd. and Uttarakhand Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd., the states with maximum hydro power potential in India. Globally local existence DEIF’s “glocal” approach combines leveraging global experience with strong local presence and expertise. DEIF HYDRO is supported by global sales and service setup which gives a global reach and the ability to serve customers in any corner of the world. After completion of the project, DEIF offers an extensive local support network in order to ensure high availability of maintenance and other services. Hydro Turbine Generator Control A customised solution, DEIF’s integrated hydro turbine generator control solutions economises installation costs significantly by using fewer components and lesser wiring compared to systems that require multiple units to provide synchronisation, protection and PLC functionality. Delomatic 4 (DM-4) Hydro-controlled plants offer fully automated control for stable optimised operation and require less maintenance and fewer man hours. The Delomatic 4 Hydro is compatible with all types of turbines and flexible and easy to adapt with simple parameter settings. Critical functions such as speed governing, Electrical & Power Review
Tech View generator protections and synchronising are fully integrated with password-protected features for maximum security. The controller’s Human Machine Interface (HMI) is easy to operate. Based on the graphic screens embedded in the DM-4 Hydro unit itself, the screens are uploaded to a PC like any other interactive webpage graphics using USB or TCP/IP communication, enabling simple password-protected remote control and monitoring. So far, the company has supplied control systems for hydro projects with total 55 MW of capacity in India alone, for various hydro installations. Advantages The advantages to DEIF’s Delomatic solution go beyond savings, wiring, construction, engineering and maintenance. It is also a flexible solution equally suited for new installations and retrofits, designed to control hydro turbine generators ranging from 2 kW to 20 MW along with its auxiliary equipment. Delomatic Hydro features Delomatic 4 Hydro Features of Delomatic 4 Hydro Automatic Start-Stop control
Types of hydro turbines Francis Kaplan Pelton
Sequencing Control (Auxiliaries Controls) Speed & Load Control Over speed protection with Redundant speed sensor input HMI with Mini SCADA Future proof communication (TCP/IP) Protection – Turbine & Generator Synchronisation – Auto & Manual Voltage & Power Factor control Site selectable CT & PT inputs Standalone (island) control Parallel with grid control Load sharing Water level control
Electrical & Power Review
• Hydro turbine controller for parallel with mains or stand-alone generator • Speed and load control • Valve controls (main/drain/fill) • Water level control • Turbine control, auxiliary control, protection and supervision • Generator control, auto synchronisation protection and supervision • Dedicated HMI touch screen operator panel.
Key benefits DEIF’s hydro control systems are not only suitable for new installations but also can be used to upgrade existing plants that can offer following key benefits: • Product dedicated to hydro turbines, for new and retrofitted plants • Modular design • Extremely reliable and robust • Can sustain the harshest conditions • Short commissioning time, easy installation and operation • Increased plant availability, operational flexibility, reliability, and safety • Amplified power generation • Boosted revenues • Optimised plant operating life • Reduced service and maintenance costs.
For more information, write at india@deif.com or contact DEIF India Pvt. Ltd. on (+91) 22-4245 2000.
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Case Study
Not just a tool for fabricators and drawing offices Structural engineering has united with the rest of the design industry by taking the leap into 3D Structural Building Information Modelling, a subset of the commonly used concept Building Information Modelling (BIM)
What is BIM? BIM is a collaborative, model-based way of working and is one of the key elements in the building process where the majority of structural information is created. Open BIM interfaces make it possible for all design information to be produced and managed within a single 3D product model. Such open interfaces are crucial in order to tie different design applications and disciplines together. Tekla Structures is the first BIM software solution to fully integrate the entire structural design process from conceptual design to detailing, fabrication and erection. The comprehensive 3D model keeps all components current providing a faster, higher quality and richer design process. Tekla Structures can be used to collaborate with other existing applications, or solely as a platform to develop a customisable internal solution. About Canham Consulting Ltd. Canham Consulting Limited is an independent company, based in Norwich and highly regarded for its expertise, approachability and practical solutions to engineering problems in the residential, commercial, industrial and retail sectors. The company recently moved into new offices and has taken the opportunity to become fully networked with an ADSL connected server, subsequently allowing Canham to upgrade its software systems as well. Chris Dewick joined the company just over 4 years ago and his primary roles are those of drawing office manager and senior draughtsman. “We were sort of coerced into phasing out our 2D draughting technology. A client’s request for a 3D detailed model was the basis to seek out a new solution. Tekla Structures allowed us to produce a realistic view of proposals, giving our client the facility to see the project via a virtual reality walkthrough model.�
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Electrical & Power Review
Chris goes on to say, “Canham have used Tekla Structures for over a year. We expect our annual turnover to increase now that we have the means to take on more challenging projects. We have just finished modelling a new Construction College (120 tonnes main steelwork only). Tekla Structures minimised overlapping work phases and errors, which translated into shorter project lead times and significant cost savings. Tekla Structures collaboration capabilities allowed us to issue files directly to the steelwork contractor, putting us a good 2-3 months ahead of schedule. We were also able to clash check against other disciplines. In addition, our website was constantly updated to reflect the changes made to the model. Anyone can access and view the model with Tekla’s free web viewer.” About Arup Arup was founded in 1946 as part of an international firm of engineers and consultants providing design, project management and consultancy services to a wide crosssection of public and private sector clients. The company works primarily in the built environment providing services for every stage of a project lifecycle. Ray Young is CAD Leader in the London office and has worked with Tekla Structures for the past 7 years. “The decision to move forward with CAD was reasonably straightforward. We needed to work in a 3D objectmodelling environment. Tekla Xsteel was already proven to be the best steelwork package on the market.” Ray continues, “With the introduction of Tekla Structures we can now model in both steel, concrete or any other material. The fact that Tekla Structures is a multi-material modelling system helps the structural geometry stay consistent. The exceptionally smooth collaboration and information management application make the overall process controllable. The same model can be utilised for producing analysis & design results and reports. Our general arrangement drawings and documentation are 100 per cent accurate and always reflect the current status of the project. We get more from the 3D model in the way of views and details. The Tekla Structures visualisation capacity provides us with superior image quality.” Conclusion Canham Consulting is currently using Tekla Structures mainly for their steelwork requirements. However, the company has plans to fully utilise the multimaterial modelling and collaboration functions that Tekla Structures has to offer. It looks forward to getting the added benefits that Arup already sees with steel, concrete and structural design professionals working with the same shared, always up-to-date model throughout every stage of a building project. Electrical & Power Review
july 2015
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Power Brand
Sharplex auto backwash filter Operation The water to be filtered enters into the filter and flows through the slotted tube elements from inside to outside. Impurities or sediments particles are retained on the smooth inner side of the filter elements. The particular design and shape of filter element guarantee an even flow resulting in a low pressure drop and equal loading of the filter area. As the loading of the filter area increases steadily during the filtration process,
the differential pressure between the contaminated and the clean sides of the filter element also increases. When the differential pressure reaches its pre-set values, the back-flushing process starts automatically. During back-flushing a geared motor rotates the flushing arm under each filter element in succession and the backflushing valve opens briefly. Due to a pressure differential between the filtrate side (clean water) and to open back-flushing line, a small volume of the filtrate is flushed back through the filter elements. The impurities or sediments which may collected on side of the filter elements is loosened and flushed out of the filter via the flushing arm. When all elements in the filter have been cleaned, the backflushing cycle is complete. When one filter element is under back-flushing other elements continue the filtration and therefore filtration process do not stop and it is continuous.
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Major features • Reduce operating and maintenance cost • The slotted tube filter element with filtration rates of 50 to 3,000 um • The filtration flow is not interrupted during the back flushing procedure • Flow rates of up to 10,000 M3/Hr. • Numerous combination of materials and equipment as well as individually adjustable control parameters. • Reduce costs due to space saving • Ready to operate the unit with simple installation and commissioning • Fully automatic operation. No intervention by staff required. Low operating cost.
Applications • Power station: Treatment of industrial water for cooling generators and filtration of cooling water, as side stream filter • Process industry: By filtration of
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•
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cooling water, protect the surface of heat exchangers and other equipment from coating. Improve the heat exchanger capacity. Reduce the time and cost. Steel industry: Protection of nozzles and pumps during high pressure discaling, water treatment for cooling blast furnace and rolling mills Sewage treatment plant: During production of industrial water, filtration of take-off of the clear run can be used to save valuable drinking or well water Environmental technology: Back flushing filters before waste water treatment plant (UV treatment, reverse osmosis, membrane filtration) Extends the lifetime of cartridge filters elements by several months Mining: By filtering underground water of even quality is assured. This results in more reliable operation of pumps and disc cutting machine Paper industry: The protection of spray nozzles for screens of paper cutting machines. This results in fewer failures causes by clogging and wear. Automatic industry mechanical engineering machine tools: Cooling lubricant emulsions can be kept much longer in circulation. This eases the pressure on the environment and reduces wastedisposal and repurchasing costs. Filtering of cooling and service water protects cooling channels and pipelines from clogging.
Contact: Sharplex Filters (India) Pvt. Ltd. R-664, TTC Indl. Area Thane-Belapur Road, Rabale MIDC, Navi Mumbai – 400 701 Tele: +91-22-27696322/31/39 Fax: +91-22-27696325 E-mail: sharplex@vsnl.com www.sharplex.com Electrical & Power Review
Power Brand
Illuminate city with K-LITE’s GIRAFFE pole Hamal adjustable
Jamal adjustable
K-LITE surface mounted GIRAFFE pole, integrated with Hamal / Jamal luminaire is an exclusive choice of designers for city beautification lighting. It is designed for flexibility in the contour of arm, height, overhang and multiple arms.
externally with 80 microns coat as per IS 4759. Specially contoured lighting arm is made of heavy duty GI pipe and swaged on top to accommodate Hamal or Jamal luminaires. The mating portion is stepless and sleek.
Giraffe pole is continuously tapered and has two stepped spacer with conical top to accommodate multiple lighting arms. The lighting arms are slide fit on swaged mountings. The lighting arms are braced with aesthetically contoured plates, which can also display the monogram or names. The tapered polygonal pole, stepped spacer and conical top with swaged mounts is auto welded and hot dip galvanised, both internally and
The complete pole is treated with zinc phosphate penetrating primer and finished with polyurethane-based premium coat with choice of colour. The pole is supplied with necessary foundation bolts and nuts for normal soil condition.
For more details contact sales@klite.in or visit www.klite.in. Tele: +91-9500079797, +91-44-26257710
Venture Lighting unveils intelligent Eco LED ceiling light Venture Lighting India Ltd has introduced IP20 and RoHS-compliant intelligent Eco LED ceiling lights. The 48W ceiling light operates in input voltage of 100-265 V AC and gives an output of 3,700 lm (WW) / 4,200 lm (CW). It provides beam angle of 120 degrees and its lamp has life-span of 35,000 hours. Features • Flexible brightness adjustment through remote dimming • Integrated night light option • Lower energy consumption, 50 per cent energy saving, uniform light • Instant start without ripple wave, screen flash • Comfortable lighting atmosphere • Excellent uniform diffuse and glare control • Without mercury, UV, IR radiation
Electrical & Power Review
• Electric wave and radio interference resistant • Efficient thermal management technology • High intensity of illumination • ROHS compliant • IP 20 protection.
Technical details • • • •
Input power: 48W Input voltage: 100 – 265 (V AC) CCT (K): 3000/4000/5700/6500 Lumen output: 3,700 lm (warm white) or 4,200 lm (cool white) • Beam angle: 120-degree • Average life: 35,000 hours.
Applications Hotel, office, hospitality, auditorium, dome lighting, reception areas, and residential.
Contact: Venture Lighting India Ltd. Plot No. A30, D5 Phase II Zone B, MEPZ Tambaram, Chennai – 600045 Tele: +91-44-22625567 Email: marketing@vlindia.com www.venturelighting.com july 2015
45
Power Brand
ElMeasure unveils Power Duos Energy Management System that helps to reduce day-to-day operating costs and to avoid costly business interruptions. The product combines state-of-the-art technology with harmonic viewing, data logging and performance benchmarking. Power Duos is loaded with features and functions that can perform multiple tasks that generally require three or more different products. This compact product offers exceptional performance and easy installation to deliver a cost-effective solution for AC/DC energy and power monitoring applications that save panel space and wiring complexities. Key features • • • • •
ElMeasure has launched ‘Power Duos’ – an advanced product said to be the first in the industry that measures both AC and DC power source of a hybrid power scenario. The new product offers comprehensive world-class AC/DC power and dual source energy measurement and monitoring with communication option for integration with ElMeasure’s
• • • • • •
True RMS measurement Simultaneous sampling of Volts and Amps - AC and DC Accuracy class 1.0 IEC 61036/CBIP 88 (0.5 option) Reverse lock option user programmable for positive energy accumulation 6 digit 4 rows LED display with auto scaling and auto scrolling Optional EB/DG energy with load hours Datalogger – 1 MB/8MB optional RS 232 or RS 485 communication outputs Dual source (for electricity and diesel generator, one at a time) – For telecom towers 4-channel DC input DC full scale programmable independently.
Applications • DC energy management systems • Power distribution for telecommunication tower control room • Solar photovoltaic systems or solar power systems • Industrial DC control systems • Metallurgy and electroplating industries • Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems • Data centres • AMF panel system • Wind and solar power generation.
Contact ElMeasure India Pvt. Ltd. #764, 4th Phase, 707 Yelahanka New Town, Bengaluru – 560 064 Tele: +91-80-28461777 Email: marketing@elmeasure.com www.elmeasure.com
46
July 2015
Electrical & Power Review
GUEST COLUMN
ADVERTISERS INDEX Deif (India) Pvt. Ltd........................................................ 9
Neptune India Ltd........................................................ 13
Elmeasure India Pvt. Ltd............................................... 5
OBO Bettermann India Pvt. Ltd..................................... 7
GEA IHE Systems India............................................. BC
Schneider Electric India Pvt. Ltd............................... IFC
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd............................................. 3
Sharplex Filters (India) Pvt. Ltd................................... 35
K Lite Industries........................................................... 31
Sivananda Electronics................................................. 21
Megger (India) Pvt. Ltd.............................................. IBC
Tekla India Pvt. Ltd...................................................... 11
Myriad Industrial Solutions LLP................................... 23
Venture Lighting India.................................................. 29
Megger introduces unique cable testing and diagnosis system information about the quality and the condition of their cables. This is made possible thanks to the brand-new 50 Hz Slope Technology. For the first time, it has become possible to immediately locate faults in underground cables during the actual PD measurement.
Megger’s revolutionary new TDS NT is a unique, all-in-one cable testing and diagnosis system. It offers two well-proven wave forms – Very Low Frequency Cosine Rectangular (VLF CR) for withstand testing and Damped AC voltage (DAC) for nondestructive Partial Discharge diagnosis. These can be used to test cables to international standards such as the IEEE 400.3 and IEC 60502-2. The TDS can also be used for DC tests and sheath tests to the IEC 60229 standard. When paired with a step voltage sensor, it can even be used for precise pinpointing of sheath faults. Network operators can now get faster and significantly more reliable Electrical & Power Review
With the 50 Hz Slope Technology for the first time worldwide a withstand test with VLF cosine-rectangular voltage (VLF CR) and PD diagnosis with damped alternating voltage (DAC) is combined in one unit. This allows an efficient and integrated solution for precise inventory of the network infrastructure. The important fact here is that the PD measurement data, gained with the VLF CR or with the DAC test voltage, can be compared directly with the 50 / 60 Hz network voltage. TDS NT consists of a multifunctional, compact voltage source and a PD detector. It can be used to test cables
according to the international standards (e.g. IEC 60502-2 and IEEE 400.2) with VLF-CR. In addition, a PD diagnosis using the new 50 Hz Slope Technology can be performed simultaneously with the help of the PD detector. Alternatively, the TDS NT can also be used for PD diagnosis with the proven damped AC voltage (DAC). In practice, the PD diagnosis has been established nationally and internationally as an effective method of measurement. It is especially useful for commissioning testing, as it is the only way to check to reliably check the quality of workmanship of the accessories.
Contact Megger (India) P Limited 211 Crystal Paradise Mall Off Veera Desai Road Andheri (W), Mumbai - 400 053 Tel: + 91-22-26740468 Fax: +91-22-26740465 www.megger.com\in july 2015
47
Trade Zone
t o h s ap
n S t rke
Ma
IEX & PXIL Price and Volume Day Ahead Market-May’15 Delivery day
"IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"IEX MCV (MWh)"
"PXIL MCV (MWh)"
Delivery day
"IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"IEX MCV (MWh)"
"PXIL MCV (MWh)"
1-May-15
2.28
2.69
78,478
1,560
17-May-15
1.88
2.18
86,164
373
2-May-15
2.50
2.14
83,216
1,560
18-May-15
2.22
2.24
86,485
356
3-May-15
2.21
1.54
82,036
1,515
19-May-15
2.59
2.06
88,513
351
4-May-15
2.71
2.14
78,934
1,365
20-May-15
2.60
2.18
92,217
333
2.57
2.33
93,767
333
5-May-15
2.67
2.44
85,561
1,255
21-May-15
6-May-15
2.74
2.37
94,243
1,030
22-May-15
2.60
2.57
94,453
309
7-May-15
2.85
2.64
95,359
960
23-May-15
2.47
2.40
93,901
308
8-May-15
2.88
2.72
111,920
1,440
24-May-15
2.09
2.09
91,307
333
9-May-15
2.58
2.79
103,229
1,506
10-May-15
2.33
1.91
106,808
1,550
25-May-15
2.35
2.27
85,703
345
11-May-15
3.07
1.91
106,990
1,549
26-May-15
2.55
2.81
93,317
304
12-May-15
2.78
2.63
104,920
1,348
27-May-15
2.66
2.75
94,694
276
13-May-15
2.70
2.62
96,480
322
28-May-15
3.37
2.40
79,267
332
14-May-15
3.04
2.35
100,941
346
29-May-15
3.30
2.74
93,530
713
15-May-15
2.62
2.71
96,973
559
30-May-15
2.83
2.77
97,935
1,440
16-May-15
2.79
2.33
98,776
327
31-May-15
2.33
1.83
94,488
876
IEX & PXIL Price & Volume in Day Ahead Market-May'15
IEX MCV (MWh)
120,000
PXIL MCV (MWh)
IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
IEX & PXIL Price & Volume in Day Ahead Market-May'15
100,000
IEX MCV (MWh)
PXIL MCV (MWh)
IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
3.50 4.00
3.00
2.50
60,000
2.00
40,000
1.50
40,000
MCP (Rs/kWh)
80,000 60,000
1.00
20,000
0 1-May-15 0 1-May-15
1.50 1.00 0.50
0.50
4-May-15 4-May-15
7-May-15 7-May-15
0.00 10-May-15 13-May-15 16-May-15 19-May-15 22-May-15 25-May-15 28-May-15 31-May-15 0.00 10-May-15 13-May-15 16-May-15 19-May-15 22-May-15 25-May-15 28-May-15 31-May-15
Average Daily MCV : IEX- 93,245 MWH | PXI- 812 MWh Average Daily MCV : IEX- 93,245 MWH | PXI- 812 MWh
July 2015
2.00
MCP (Rs/kWh)
2.50
3.00
20,000
48
4.00
3.50
80,000 100,000 Cleared Volume (MWh)
Cleared Volume (MWh)
120,000
PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
|
|
Average Daily MCP : IEX- 2.62 kWH | PXI- 2.37 kWh
Average Daily MCP : IEX- 2.62 kWH | PXI- 2.37 kWh
Source: IEX
Electrical & Power Review
Trade Zone
Mar
ket
Snap
shot
IEX Non-solar REC Trade Details
Cleared Price (Rs/ REC)
IEX Non Solar REC Trade Details
93,100
1,500
100 10,000
Dec'14
177,960
5,313,974
177,960
1,500
Jan'15
393,081
6,720,193
393,081
1,500
10
Feb'15
345,184
6,025,638
345,184
1,500
1
5,311,670
279,205
1,500
5,321,693
38,481
1,500
May'15
211,533
5,814,861
211,533
1,500
93,100
38,481 5,321,693 5,321,693 38,481
4,946,763 4,946,763 93,100
4,766,941
36,411
4,766,941 36,411
4,342,307
1100 June'14
July'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
Nov'14
Dec'14
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
May'15
Dec'14
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
May'15
1,466,946
279,205 38,481
1,200 1,600 800 1,200 400 800
10 1,000
980,521
Mar'15 Apr'15
1,600
Cleared Price (Rs/REC) Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
4,946,763
211,533 211,533 5,814,861 5,814,861 211,533 211,533
93,100
38,481
Nov'14
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
38,481
1,000 100,000
279,205 279,205 5,311,670 5,311,670 279,205 279,205
10,000 1,000,000
345,184 345,184 6,025,638 6,025,638 345,184 345,184
1,500 1,500
393,081 393,081 6,720,193 6,720,193 393,081 393,081
8,994 36,411
177,960 177,960 5,313,974 5,313,974 177,960 177,960
4,342,307 4,766,941
93,100
8,994 36,411
93,100
Sep'14 Oct'14
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
Cleared Volume
36,411
100,000 10,000,000
36,411
1,500
4,342,307 8,994
15,736
Sale Bid
8,994
3,949,016
Cleared Volume
IEX Non Solar REC Trade Details
Buy Bid
8,994
15,736
Sale Bid
8,994
Aug'14
1,000,000
3,949,016
1,50010,000,000
3,949,016 15,736
13,609
15,736
4,241,244
15,736
13,609
15,736
July'14
4,241,244 13,609
1,500
13,609
50,743
13,609
3,166,863
13,609
50,743
3,166,863
June'14
4,241,244
Buy Bid
50,743
Cleared Volume
50,743
Sale Bid
3,166,863 50,743
Buy Bid
50,743
Month
0 400
0 June'14
July'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
Nov'14
IEX Solar REC Trade Details
3,500
Apr'15
6,721
980,521
6,721
3,500
May'15
80,867
1,466,946
80,867
3,500
Electrical & Power Review
980,521
1,013,725
39,385
1,013,725
26,726
26,726
987,764
39,385
987,764
688,581
688,581 30,650
30,650
235,972
241,063
161,260
150,091
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
Nov'14
Dec'14
9,000 6,000
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
3,000 0 May'15 0
1 June'14
July'14
Nov'14
Dec'14
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
May'15
july 2015
49
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
39,385
July'14
9,000
6,000 3,000
100 1 10 June'14
12,000
12,000
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
1,013,725
6,721 80,867 1,466,946 80,867 80,867
39,385
6,721
Mar'15
6,721
3,500
6,721
26,726
39,385
987,764
39,385
26,726
26,726
Feb'15
26,726
3,500
30,650
30,650
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
30,650
688,581
366
30,650
1,000 10
Cleared Volume 366 235,972
Jan'15
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
366
9,300
Sale Bid
366
366
Cleared Volume
241,063
235,972
161,260
366
10,000 100
264
Dec'14
100,000 1,000
264
9,300 9,300
264
232 245
264
187,483 241,063
636
232 245
636
Oct'14 Nov'14
1,000,000 10,000
150,091
10,000,000 100,000
367
9,300
Buy Bid
367
264
367
161,260
367
264
179,581
Sep'14
498 179,581
10,000,000 9,300
498
1,000,000 9,300
498
367
498
498
150,091
147,026
179,581
367
636
498
636 147,026
July'14 Aug'14
Sale Bid
IEX Solar REC Trade Details
80,867
IEX Solar REC Trade Details Buy Bid
245
9,300
245
636
245
147,026
245
636
187,483
June'14
187,483
Cleared Price (Rs/ REC)
232
Cleared Volume
232
Sale Bid
232
Buy Bid
232
Month
EPR magazine(24 june) .pdf
1
24/06/15
12:38 pm
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