MAHENG/2012/47805
Vol 3 Issue 8 • Pages 60 • June 1, 2015 • `100/- • www.eprmagazine.com
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS ON ELECTRICAL & POWER
Transformers market in India:
opportunities and threats An in-depth analysis on how the transformer market is going to grasp the opportunities and overcome challenges
EPR PERSONALITY Gaetan Tiberghien, International Finance Corporation One-on-one Deepesh Nanda, GE South Asia Feature Coal-linkage to captive power plants: the inside story Industry Analysis Cogeneration is the way to go
An I-Tech Media Publication
editorial At a crossroads of transformation What an irony! Prime Minister Narendra Modi is celebrating his first 365 days at the centre by sending personal messages on Twitter, whereas Indian transformer industry is standing at a crossroads of “Made In India” promotion and overgrowing imports. www.eprmagazine.com
I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd, 15/2, 2nd Floor, Chandroday Co-Op Society, Swastik Park, CST Road, Chembur, Mumbai - 400071. (India) Tel.: +91-22-32682214 / 15 GROUP EDITOR* Subhajit Roy Email: editor@eprmagazine.com EDITORIAL Dibyendu RoyChowdhury Shahzad Bagwan ADVERTISING Sanjay Poojary Email: sanjay@i-techmedia.com Call: +91-9975097047 SUBSCRIPTION subscribe@eprmagazine.com Telephone: +91-22-3268 2214/15 *responsible for selection of news under PRB Act
The Indian transformer industry, one of the oldest manufacturing segments in India, has been in a healthy state for quite some years now. However, some dark clouds are hovering above the transformers market, as imports has captured about 43 per cent of the market. Although the power transformer market is set to grow at a CAGR of 14 per cent between 2013 and 2018, the overall transformer market needs to look at some challenges to witness healthy growth rates and stimulating demand. In this issue, we have discussed how the transformer market is going to grasp the opportunities and overcome challenges. We also analysed the factors influencing growth of the Indian cogeneration market, which has been generating much interest in India. Although cogeneration has been restricted to the production of electricity for self use and viewed as a means to meet simultaneous on site needs for heat and power independent of the grid, the industry is hopeful about its smooth transition towards the future. If it happens, as Priya Bhamare, Manager - Design and Projects, Sitson India Pvt. Ltd. describes, this could prove to be a win-win situation for all mill owners, the government, power utilities and the citizens of the country. This issue also reveals the inside story about coal linkage to captive power plants, which forms 18 per cent of India’s total installed capacity. Captive power plants play an important role in meeting power demands of our industries without much burden on already congested electricity transmission network and government-run power plants. We analysed why just like land, water and other resources, captive power plants are also required for setting-up an industry. We have also covered an interesting topic that you all rarely find out. We have talked about weather risk management, which is relatively new in many geographies but spreading fast. We have discussed with couple of industry leaders and described how to reduce cash-flow volatility in renewable energy businesses. Hope you’ll enjoy reading this issue as always. Please do send me your comments at editor@eprmagazine.com
Printed and published by Subhajit Roy on behalf of I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd. and printed at Print, Process Offset Printers, B-23, Royal Industrial Estate, 5-B, Wadala, Mumbai-400031 and published from I-Tech Media Pvt Ltd. 1, Gayatri, Karumari Amman, Chheda Nagar, Chembur (West), Mumbai - 400089. Editor: Subhajit Roy All rights reserved. While all efforts are made to ensure that the information published is correct, Electrical & Power Review holds no responsibility for any unlikely errors that might occur. The information on products and services / technology on offer is being provided for the reference of readers. However, readers are cautioned to make inquiries and take their decisions on purchase or investment after consulting experts on the subject. Electrical & Power Review holds no responsibility for any decision taken by readers on the basis of information provided herein. Tel.: +91-22-32682214/15, +91-9821667357
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Electrical & Power Review
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Cover Story
Transformers market in India: opportunities and threats An in-depth analysis on how the transformer market is going to grasp the opportunities and overcome challenges
EPR PERSONALITY
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IFC: one-stop solution for debt, equity and structured finance
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An article about conductor accessories, insulator hardware and power clamps and connectors suitable for HTLS conductor
Feature
Guest Column
Coal-linkage to captive power plants: the inside story
Industry Analysis
Cogeneration is the way to go An analysis on why cogeneration can be a win-win situation for mill owners, government, power utilities and common people
Guest Column
Demystifying power quality An interrelation with power supply reliability, AT&C losses and energy efficiency
One-on-one
GE H-class gas turbine: a transformation in the industry Deepesh Nanda shares how GE gas turbine is transforming the power industry and its next big innovation
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Design and development of conductor fittings for HTLS conductors
Gaetan Tiberghien, Principal Investment Officer, International Finance Corporation, talks about its counter-cyclical role in India
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A detailed report on captive power sector, which forms 18 per cent of India’s total installed capacity
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Tech View
june 2015
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Empowering the Smart Consumer
Shiv Kaushik, Country Manager, Cyan Technologies (India), writes how communication technology can transform the way people consume electricity
Green Zone
How to reduce cash-flow volatility in renewable energy businesses An in-depth analysis on the the need to actively manage the financial consequences of climate variability
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Factory Trip
Kirloskarvadi: Kirloskar’s heart and soul A visit to one of India’s first industrial townships which shows how industrialisation can grow hand-in-hand with civilisation
Power Update Power Brand Trading Zone Electrical & Power Review
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POWER UPDATE
Alstom T&D India to strengthen Bihar’s electrical transmission network Alstom T&D India has signed three orders worth approximately €30 million (INR 2202 million) to build two 220 kV and four 132 kV air insulated substations (AIS) for Bihar State Power Transmission Company Limited (BSPTCL). This project is part of India’s 12th Five Year Plan to strengthen Bihar’s 220 kV transmission Alstom - AIS substation installed by Alstom network. Built across various locations in Bihar state, these substations aim to enhance the capacity of power evacuation systems and improve the power situation. The substations will strengthen the transmission network at 220 kV level with a potential to be further upgraded to 400 kV in future. Alstom T&D India will construct the 220/132/33 kV turnkey substations as well as the two units of associated 132 kV bay extensions in Supaul. Alstom will provide control and relay panel based on the SCADA system, for 16 units of 220 kV bays, 39 units of 132 kV bays plus 52 units of 33 kV bays and other auxiliary equipment. All major equipment will be supplied from Alstom T&D India’s manufacturing facilities. As per the Census of India 2011, only 16.4 per cent of Bihar’s 19 million households have access to electricity. Anticipating growth in the energy sector, both state and central government have planned major investments in T&D sector to improve the power situation in the state.
Alstom to lead Smart Grid pilot in India Alstom T&D India has been selected to lead the smart grid pilot project by Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Limited (HPSEBL). This pilot project will be located at the Kala Amb industrial area of Himachal Pradesh in northern India and will serve over 1,500 consumers. Alstom will design, develop and implement an integrated set of smart grid applications targeting power quality issues, managing peak demand, power outages and limiting violations at distribution network nodes. Alstom’s solution will be based on its e-terra distribution 3.0 - a fully Integrated Distribution Management System (IDMS). The e-terra distribution 3.0 is the industry’s first completely integrated and most advanced suite of SCADA, Distribution Management System (DMS), and Outage Management System (OMS) applications. Alstom will lead this project along with Genus Power Infrastructure Ltd and a few other OEM equipment suppliers. This will be the second out of fourteen projects under the Indian Ministry of Power’s flagship “Smart Grid Pilot” programme. The Kala Amb smart grid pilot project will act as a proof of concept to further strengthen the information technology system in place, to make the distribution grid cost-effective, responsive and better engineered for reliability and self-healing operations. The smart grid solution aims to enhance the monitoring and automation of two distribution substations feeding Kala Amb. It will collect data from a new installed smart metering infrastructure and grid sensors, including power transformer condition monitoring.
Lapp India launches ‘Lapp Innovation Award For Industries’ Lapp India has launched the ‘Lapp Innovation Award’. Announced on the 10th Jubilee of LAPP – PSG College of Technology’s partnership, ‘Lapp Innovation Award’ recognizes outstanding industries that are using Lapp cables and its associated products for high innovation that has an impact on sales, productivity improvement, energy saving and contribution to the environment through energy saving thereby fostering opportunities for new product development for the Lapp Group. Lapp India and PSG College of Technology signed the extension of 10 years partnership and inaugurated the PSG – Lapp Centre for Excellence in Cable Technology as part of
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Andreas Lapp, Chairman of the Board LAPP HOLDING AG announcing the Lapp Innovation Award
Industry – Academia connect initiative of Lapp India. The centre is equipped with Lapp products demonstration kits, display panels, training kits and various types of tools used for cutting, crimping, stripping cables and assembling cable accessories. This unique centre serves as a link between industry and
institution in offering solutions to the industry related to design, selection and applications of cable, connectors and routing for industries like automation, textile, automotive, machine tools, oil and gas, renewable energy , process industries, as well as in the infrastructure and building sectors. Lapp India is inviting nominations from industries, which use Lapp Cables and its associated products in creating new innovative products. The industries for the award includes but are not limited to automation, textile, automotive, machine tools, oil and gas, renewable energy , process industries, as well as in the infrastructure and building sectors
Electrical & Power Review
POWER UPDATE
Siemens offers wireless router for smart city applications Siemens Limited announced the launch of the Ruggedcom RX1400, a smart multiprotocol network node with integrated firewall. The device combines the functionality of Ethernet switch and router with various connectivity options for Wide Area Networks (WAN). The device is optimally suited for the Indian market, the Ruggedcom RX1400 Router is used for wireless broadband communication, smart cities, oil and gas facilities, Ruggedcom_RX1400 substations of power distribution systems, switch cabinets for traffic and rail transport control as well as applications in any harsh industrial environment. The router is primarily designed for communication via commercial long-term evolution (LTE) networks, where it leverages the extensive advanced LTE functions for Quality of Service/QoS management. For extra reliability, the device can also use 2G and 3G connectivity for communication. The router’s dual SIM card slot allows automatic failover between mobile service providers in case of network failures, if necessary. Users can equip the device with two optional fibre-optic SFPs (Small Form-factor Pluggable) to establish wired communication connections where needed
Philips introduces Luceplan and Modular lighting brands Philips Lighting India has announced the introduction of two internationally sought after European luxe lighting brands – Luceplan
and Modular, in India. By bringing these leading brands to India, Philips will broaden its presence in the premium lighting segment and offer luxurious and world-class innovative lighting concepts to Indian consumers. The products from these two brands will be sold in India through exclusive value-added partners who have been appointed in the cities New Delhi, Mumbai and Bengaluru.
NTPC to build India’s biggest power plant in Jharkhand NTPC plans to set up the country’s biggest power plant in Jharkhand, with an annual generation capacity of 6,400 MW, in joint venture with state power utility Jharkhand Bidyut Vitaran Nigam Ltd (JBVNL). NTPC has signed Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) on 3rd May with Government of Jharkhand, Jharkhand Urja Vikas Nigam Limited (JUVNL), Jharkhand Urja Utpadan Nigam Limited (JUUNL) and Jharkhand Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited (JBVNL) for performance improvement and capacity expansion of Patratu Thermal Power Station (PTPS). The JV company to be promoted by NTPC and JBVNL with 74:26 equity participation will be formed to take over PTPS. The JV company will build 2,400 MW (800x3) in first phase followed by second phase of 1,600 MW (800x2). The JV company shall takeover specified assets including land of PTPS on mutually agreed valuation, NTPC informed BSE. The capacity expansion of PTPS will help provide cheap and affordable 24X7 power supply to every household and meets the needs of farmers in Jharkhand, NTPC said in an official release.
Sterling & Wilson to set up 50 MW Solar power plant for NTPC Sterling and Wilson, India’s solar EPC companies with over 350MW of solar projects spread across 13 states, has been awarded with the contract of setting up a 50 MW Solar Power Plant by NTPC a Maharatna company near Kadiri, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh. The scope of work includes design, engineering, supply, installation and commissioning of grid connected 50 MW Solar PV project on a turnkey basis. Additionally, Sterling and Wilson will also be responsible for carrying out the operation and maintenance of the solar power plant for a period of 5 years. Sterling and Wilson will use domestic cells and modules for this project in accordance to PM Narendra Modi’s theme of
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“Make in India”, thereby extending a helping hand to the Indian Cells and Module Industry. Sterling and Wilson is expected to complete the project within 12 months from the date of commencement of work. Ogra, Speaking on the new solar project to be set Bikesh President, Sterling up for NTPC, Bikesh Ogra, President, Sterling and Wilson, and Wilson, Electrical and Solar Business said Electrical & Solar Business “It’s an honour to partner with NTPC and be entrusted with the responsibility of setting up their 50 MW Solar PV project in Anantapur. The plant designing will adhere to Indian and International standards and shall meet the stringent NTPC technical specifications. We will also take care of the operations and maintenance of this plant for the next 5 years from the date of successful completion of its trial run.”
Electrical & Power Review
MIDEL ESTER-BASED TRANSFORMER
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POWER UPDATE
Suzlon awarded 90MW order by ReNew Power
Pay Point develops prefunded model of electricity payments for CSPDCL
Suzlon Group has announced that it has won new order for 90 MW turnkey projects from its existing customer, ReNew Power. ReNew Power is one of India’s largest Independent Power Producers (IPPs), with clean energy assets of more than 1,000 MW of commissioned and under-construction projects.
Pay Point India Network, an online payment solutions provider, has tied up with the Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company (CSPDCL) for a unique method of collecting customer dues which can serve as a model for other electricity utilities in the country. The company is now planning to roll out this model to the rest of India and is in talks with several state power utilities across the country.
Suzlon will install its revolutionary S97 120m Hybrid Tower WTGs (wind turbine generator) with rated capacity of 2.1 MW in Ratlam district, Madhya Pradesh (MP). Suzlon will install 29 WTGs at the site Kode and 14 WTGs at Limbwas site in Ratlam district. The project is scheduled for commissioning by March 2016. The new order of 90 MW from ReNew Power being a repeat order reaffirms industry’s faith in Suzlon’s product portfolio and service capabilities. Suzlon has commissioned 98.70 MW for ReNew Power so far and 100.80 MW is currently under execution in Rajasthan. Suzlon will leverage its end-to-end wind solutions expertise to oversee the project operations. The S97 120m is World’s tallest Hybrid Tower designed to harness the wind energy across low wind sites. It is a combination of lattice and tubular structure which ensures higher yield and potential increase in power output by 12-14 per cent. The project, jointly developed by ReNew Power and Suzlon is being executed by Suzlon as the EPC partner. Suzlon group is aligned to the vision of Make in India and Nation’s Energy security. Suzlon endeavours to bring down cost of energy and provide clean and affordable energy for all.
Pay Point, which has applied for Payments Banking License, prepays the dues of customers to CSPDCL and then collects the same through a network of its customer service points (its authorised dealers). This is done through its technology infrastructure that enables customers to pay their utility bills even at the last minute. This model assumes significance as the state power utilities are often unable to secure their payments from errant customers. Even if money is paid, it takes 3-5 days to reach the utility provider’s bank account causing cash flow problems and raising the cost of funds as the interest cost on the borrowings of these utilities is very high. It is this kind of outstanding by customers that has led to an ailing power sector. The government has then had to bail out through subsidies. One such zone where Pay Point opened its franchisees / dealers to service consumers was Dhamatari & Bematra in Chhattisgarh, a rural / naxal area. This place was previously inaccessible to utility officials. Pay Point has facilitated transaction worth ` 77.41 lakh by servicing 2.66 lakh consumers in the above mentioned rural / naxal areas from January 2014 till date. The company has so far collected ` 1058 lakh in the entire state till date from about 16.77 lakh customers.
Tata Power extends islanding system to Haldia Tata Power, has constantly strived towards and is proud to live up to its founder’s dream of being able to provide cheap, abundant and uninterrupted power. Having successfully implemented its ‘Islanding System’ in Mumbai and Jamshedpur to protect customers and equipping them with reliable, uninterrupted power, the Company has now extended this innovative concept to the city of Haldia as recent grid failures in recent past have created severe consequences. The objective of this initiative is to maintain a continuous supply of electricity to the loads in Haldia during a grid failure. Following this
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the grid, the Islanding System automatically isolates itself from the rest of the grid and ensures that generating units continue to function. For example, during the national grid failure in June 2012, cities across India witnessed power failure whereas Tata Power’s Islanding System ensured that Mumbai had an uninterrupted supply of power. implementation, the Tata Power generating units will survive and quick restoration of the grid will be possible by procuring startup power from the generators. The Islanding System is the core of reliable power supply to any city which assures an uninterrupted source of power. In case of breakdowns in
This system was pioneered by Tata Power and developed in consultation with West Bengal State Electricity Transmission Company (WBSETCL) and West Bengal State Load Despatch Center (WBSLDC) and approved by Eastern Regional Power Committee (ERPC).
Electrical & Power Review
POWER UPDATE Reliance Power terminates PPA for Tilaiya UMPP
CG to provide smart grid solutions in Portugal
Reliance Power has announced that its wholly-owned subsidiary, Jharkhand Integrated Power Limited (JIPL), has terminated the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) of its 3,960 MW Tilaiya Ultra Mega Power Project (UMPP) in Hazaribagh, Jharkhand.
Avantha Group Company CG has won a contract to supply ZIV Data Concentrator to Energias de Portugal (EDP), one of the major European operators in the energy sector.
Based on tariff-based bidding managed by Power Finance Corporation (PFC), Reliance Power was awarded the Tilaiya UMPP in February 2009. JIPL, the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for implementing the project, was handed over to Reliance Power by PFC in August 2009. JIPL has signed a PPA with 18 power off-takers in 10 states for 25 years. For fuel security, the project was allocated Kerendari BC captive coal mine block. According to a company press release, the PPA requires procurers to hand over the possession of the land for the power station and water intake pipeline by February 2010. Other development period obligations included issuance of notice under Section 9 of the Land Acquisition Act in respect of land for coal mines and fuel transportation systems. Besides, site clearance was required from the ministry of environment and forests (MoEF) for the coal mines. In spite of more than 25 review meetings and extensive and continuous follow-ups with the Jharkhand government over the last five-and-a-half years, the required land is yet to be made available. “Considering all these facts, JIPL has decided to terminate the PPA with the procurers. This decision will reduce the future capex pipeline of Reliance Power by nearly ` 36,000 crore,” the statement adds.
ZIV’s 4CTT model is nowadays the reference DCU in the market after becoming the first model certified by the PRIME alliance last year and having proven a robust performance onsite. In addition to several management functions, Data Concentrator Units retrieve and store data from the meters and periodically send it to the Management System. CG bagged the largest lot for the supply of this second batch of Data Concentrators. A year ago, EDP began the deployment of PRIME Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) in Portugal, selecting CG as the main supplier of data concentrators. EDP Distribuição, is an EDP Group Company operating in the regulated distribution and supply businesses in Portugal, with more than 6 million clients and 220,000 km network. EDP Distribuição has already installed 3,000 DTCs within the scope of the InovGrid project. InovGrid was conceptualised to introduce AMI improvements in the network, benefitting its customers. The target for 2015 is to reach an aggregated figure of 10,000 PRIME DTCs. CG foresees a strong growth in the Smart Grid segment with ZIV solutions, especially after a successful year with key wins from some of the most relevant and innovative European Utilities such as Iberbrola, Gas Natural Fenosa in Spain, EDP in Portugal and ERDF in France, as well as a strategic win in Saudi Arabia that will open the door to a promising market growth in this financial year, 2015-2016. CG offers ZIV meters, data concentrator units (DCUs) and distribution automation solutions (DAS).
Govt. to make Jaitapur plant as most-glorious atomic energy establishment: Dr Jitendra Singh The Government is gathering all resources to make the 9,900-MW Jaitapur nuclear power plant in Maharashtra as one of the most glorious atomic energy establishments, union minister of state, Dr Jitendra Singh said at an ASSOCHAM event held in New Delhi.
Research Centre (BARC) and their periodic investigations have revealed that they had blood cells as fine as anybody else’s.
“There are a lot of misgivings and we are looking at that plant very ambitiously, the entire atomic energy department is focussed on that, we are trying to gather all the resources to make it one of the most glorious atomic energy establishments, but again these misgivings have come up,” said Dr Singh.
Talking about France’s contribution to Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ambitious ‘Make in India,’ mission, the union minister said, “The kind of understanding that has been arrived between AREVA and L&T who would enable us to come out with the most ambitious, totally indigenously developed reactor would be a befitting tribute to the Make in India initiative and dream.”
“Hazards of nuclear energy are not actually of the magnitude to which they are being projected and for that we need to have more number of awareness programmes with facts and figures because we have stuck up with something like Jaitapur plant,” said Dr Singh. He also said that a number of studies have been conducted on the workers/scientists working in the Bhabha Atomic
In his address at the ASSOCHAM conference, Dr R.K. Sinha, chairman of Atomic Energy Commission and secretary, Department of Atomic Energy said that it is fundamental to address myths like – nuclear power is too dangerous as any accident can kill thousands of people and nuclear radiation causes cancer.
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Electrical & Power Review
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EPR PERSONALITY
IFC: one-stop solution for debt, equity and structured finance
“IFC is a one-stop shop in devising innovative ways to support projects,” says Gaetan Tiberghien, Principal Investment Officer, International Finance Corporation
The International Finance Corporation, a member of the World Bank Group, is an international financial institution that offers investment, advisory and asset management services to encourage private sector development in developing countries. IFC can provide debt, equity and structured finance. In an exclusive interview with Subhajit Roy, Gaetan Tiberghien talks about IFC’s counter-cyclical role in India and how it is promoting the renewable energy generation agenda in India. Could you brief us about IFC’s commitment to India? How much have you invested so far in India? In FY 14, IFC committed $1.2 billion in 34 projects in India. During FY10-14, IFC committed $6.1 billion in total financing in India (including own account and mobilised funds). The focus of the programme has been on facilitating financial inclusion, promoting infrastructure development by developing public-private partnerships, promoting cleaner production, energy and water efficiency, supporting agriculture through improvements in productivity, and helping reform investment climate. We plan to expand all our programmes in these sectors. Discuss about your portfolio and roadmap for India. India is IFC’s top exposure globally, and we play an important counter-cyclical role in this country. Large segments of this country’s population continue to struggle to meet the most basic needs of energy, water, sanitation
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and healthcare. For WBG’s twin 2030 targets of reducing extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity to be met, addressing India’s development challenges is crucial. As part of the overall WBG strategy, IFC has sharpened its strategic focus to undertake transformative, high-impact projects to expand access to basic services, build sustainable infrastructure, promote financial inclusion and establish cross-border regional linkages. Through these interventions, IFC aims to create jobs, support efficient resource allocation, spur economic growth and play a critical role in private sector development. Tell us some of your recent initiatives to the Indian energy and power sector. IFC leads in promoting the renewable energy generation agenda in India. It helps private developers leverage opportunities in solar, wind and other forms of renewable energy to implement efficient, sustainable and successful projects. Since FY09, IFC transformed its global power portfolio so that more than half of it is in renewable energy. IFC portfolio companies have set up over 2 GW of different forms of renewable power projects in India itself. As of now, IFC’s infra-committed portfolio in South Asia is $1.8 billion with power accounting for the major exposure (nearly $1.1 billion or 61 per cent of total portfolio). The infra portfolio is mainly concentrated in India (86 per cent of total committed) with power sector accounting for the major sector exposure. Electrical & Power Review
EPR PERSONALITY In the Indian market, IFC plays an important role by providing direct financing (debt as well as equity) to sponsors that have a long-term commitment to the renewable energy business. IFC’s support, provided to developers at a critical stage in their growth trajectory, in turn encourages other financiers to provide support for renewable energy projects.
Would you also like to discuss the challenges? In addition to a supportive regulatory framework, appropriate project initiatives supported by adequate fiscal incentives can send a strong signal to catalyze the renewable energy market in India and move it along to a mature self-replicating phase as the grid parity is achieved.
IFC is a one-stop shop in devising innovative ways to support projects. For example, IFC provides long-term tenors to match asset life, supports projects in new markets and new regulations, offers innovative bundling for small hydro project, and supports supply chain expansion to reduce costs for renewable energy projects.
Apart from traditional financing sources, mobilising long-term funds and foreign investments to finance the renewable projects can be of immense help. Also, pushing for green bonds which will create a dedicated fund for clean energy, and channelling capital markets to fund renewables will help meet the financial requirements.
How do you see the opportunities for IFC across Indian renewable energy spectrum? We are keen to support the renewable energy capacity in India. We can provide debt, equity and structured finance.
Other focused area is on grid transmission capacity and grid stability. Renewable energy is mostly infirm power so a rapid build-up of renewable capacity will require better grid stability. IFC, together with the World Bank, is helping strengthen the transmission sector
To strengthen India’s capital markets and attract foreign investment, IFC announced a $1 billion offshore rupeelinked bond programme in 2013 that received an overwhelming response from investors, followed by the 10-year Masala Bonds in 2014, listed at the London Stock Exchange to mobilise international capital markets to support infrastructure development in the country. IFC has also launched a $2.5 billion onshore rupee financing programme – proceeds from these will be channelled into infrastructure and renewable energy projects in the country. IFC’s Maharaja Bonds have been issued as part of this programme to strengthen India’s capital markets. The Ministry of Finance and RBI continue to play an important role here. With this onshore bond programme, IFC will be able to use a combination of rupee-denominated bonds and swaps to raise local currency financing over the next 5 years to invest in muchneeded infrastructure projects, including renewable projects in India.
Electrical & Power Review
IFC has recently announced partnership with PFS. Could you throw some light on this development? IFC committed $35 million to PTC India Financial Services Ltd. (PFS) for lending to renewable energy projects, primarily wind and solar projects in India. The investment would be under IFC’s Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI) route through the subscription of listed, secured rupee-denominated nonconvertible debentures to be issued by PFS and would involve partial utilisation of offshore rupee bond proceeds raised by IFC earlier. Also, IFC recently signed a master cooperation agreement with both PFS and IREDA, making them the first two Indian institutions and the 26th and 27th globally to sign IFC’s master cooperation agreement. This collaboration will help standardise steps that lenders take when co-financing projects with IFC. The ultimate aim is to make local currency financing available in shorter time frames and reduce financing costs for borrowers, enabling them to operationalise projects faster.
IFC, PFS and IREDA can work more efficiently with Indian companies to spur private sector development by providing long-term risk capital where it is needed most. With this partnership, we can respond quicker to private sector financing needs and boost job creation. Since the master cooperation agreement was created in 2009, signatories have coinvested more than $3 billion with IFC to support private sector development across the world. This partnership will spur private sector investments in India’s renewable energy sector. IFC, PTC India to fund renewable energy projects IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, and PTC India Financial Services Ltd. (PFS) will partner to provide much-needed infrastructure financing for renewable energy projects in India. These investments will, in turn, help boost growth and create jobs. This collaboration will help standardise steps that lenders take when co-financing projects with IFC. The ultimate aim is to make local currency financing available in shorter time-frames and reduce financing costs for borrowers, enabling them to operationalise projects faster. “This partnership will deepen our cooperation with IFC and other development financiers in areas such as renewable energy,” said R.M. Malla, Managing Director and CEO, PFS. “In addition to reducing costs, our clients will also have access to global best practices including IFC’s environmental and social guidelines.” IFC’s master cooperation agreement was created in 2009 in response to calls for finance institutions to collaborate more closely to help meet shortfalls in private sector financing during the global financial crisis.
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Cover Story
Transformers market in India: opportunities and threats An in-depth analysis on how the transformer market is going to grasp the opportunities and overcome challenges The Indian transformer industry is one of the oldest manufacturing segments in the country. Although the power transformer market is set to grow at a CAGR of 14 per cent between 2013 and 2018, the overall transformer market needs to look at some challenges to witness healthy growth rates and stimulating demand.
is a trend of cast resin transformers with a huge potential for growth. According to Jayashankar Menon, DGM - Marketing, Kirloskar Electric Company Ltd., “As the voltage levels in power transformers have gone up from 220 kv to 385 kv to 765 kv and beyond, this addition on new ranges in voltage will add to growth.”
Trends influencing growth of transformer market India has always been an exporter of transformers; if this continues India can become even more lucrative market in the coming years. Then there
Nilesh Karkun, Senior Manager – Marketing, Transformers, Schneider Electric India, believes, “The government’s step to approve ` 32,000 crore for integrated power development scheme to reduce AT&C losses the
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Around 85 per cent of the transformers introduced in the Indian power network are of indigenous source.
Nilesh Karkun, Senior Manager – Marketing, Transformers, Schneider Electric India
Electrical & Power Review
Cover Story industry is a step in the right direction and provides a huge opportunity for players in the sector.” Historically the transformers market has been driven by the transmission and the distribution sector. The growth in these segments will also drive the transformer market. Mr Karkun adds, “Rapid urbanisation and development of roads, metros and other infrastructure projects across the country is also expected to generate huge demand for transformers as power generation and maintenance is required in all manufacturing sectors.” Transformers and Indian companies The transformer market in India has been in a sound state for a few years now. The market is further anticipated to witness sound healthy growth rates and empowering demand for the impending years. The initiatives undertaken by the Indian government alongside the need of substitution of transformers introduced in the previous years is relied upon to drive development in the Indian transformers market. While talking about Schneider, Mr Karkun says, “Schneider Electric India is a well-established manufacturer having capabilities to develop all type of transformers up to the 170 kv (100 MVA) oil (mineral/ester) filled distribution transformers and dry type cast resin transformers up to 15 MVA, 52 kv.” Kirloskar Electric Company is mainly into distribution and cast-resin transformers.
‘Make In India’ initiative will not have much impact on the transformers sector.
Mr Menon says, “Our main presence is in these two sectors though we also do power transformers. We are trying to increase reach is in the power transformer sector as well.” Are transformers meeting customer needs The transformer business in India has advanced and generally developed engineering base that prompts excellent completed items. “India has a proven innovation and ability to manufacture an extensive variety of power transformers, distribution transformers and different sorts of special transformers for furnace, traction, converter duty and so on,” explains Mr Karkun. “Around 85 per cent of the transformers introduced in the Indian power network are of indigenous source. Energy-efficient transformers can be manufactured in India to meet international requirements.” “Yes,” claims Mr Menon, “the transformers manufactured are meeting the customer needs.” Addressing growing challenge of imports The domestic transformer industry is definitely facing some stiff competition from outside as cheaper imports from China and Korea have majorly impacted the industry. “This is a serious matter of concern as direct impact on small- and medium-sized transformer manufacturers,” says Mr Karkun.” However, the government’s continued efforts to revive the power and the infrastructure sector augur very well for the transformers industry as both these sectors would need strong electrification which will help the local players maintain a healthy growth rate. According to Mr Menon, the imports do not matter much. Although he didn’t forget to mention that imports are happening only in high ranges of voltage class (beyond 765 kv and 1,125 kv).
Jayashankar Menon, DGM - Marketing, Kirloskar Electric Company
Electrical & Power Review
Overcoming challenges The growth in power sector decides the growth of power and infrastructure.
“There are a lot of NTPC projects and some other power projects coming up,” revels Mr Menon. “Also some plans have been coming up to prosper growth in the industry.” Hence, the power industry will definitely pick up in the coming years. ‘Make In India’ and transformer market “Make In India” concept is brilliant and helping the country unlock huge economic potential. The mission will also create unprecedented employment opportunities. From establishing and sustaining large-scale manufacturing projects to creating a robust power network, the Indian economy will achieve healthy growth levels. Mr Karkun believes, “India has to become a manufacturing power house to drive the economy and generate many more employment opportunities for the large pool of skilled and unskilled labour available here.” However, Mr Menon is little bit sceptical about the initiative. “In the transformer sector, the manufacturing is done in India itself only,” explains Mr Menon. “There are not much of imports required in the transformers sector. The ‘Make In India’ initiative will not have much impact on the transformers sector. It will help other different sectors which will have more requirements of transformers like the unitised substation or compact substation.”
To share your article or case study in this section, write us at editor@eprmagazine.com Next issue focus: l Coal l Nuclear l Metering l Small Hydro ine.com
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FEATURE
Coal-linkage to captive power plants: the inside story Although captive power sector forms 18 per cent of India’s total installed capacity, the days ahead doesn’t seem exciting enough It’s been long that power-hungry businesses like textiles, cement and steel have been operating Captive Power Plants (CPP). As the power demand-availability deficit with demand growing, other sectors like IT, pharmaceuticals and even healthcare are planning to follow suit. Power players like Jindal Steel & Power are already making more money from selling power than they do selling their core product. “Captive power is used to meet self-demands without any transmission network and being produced in the most economical ways in the form of cogeneration or trigeneration,” explains Harpal Bansal, Vice President – Operations, Trident Paper, Chemicals & Energy. “CPP plays an important role in meeting power demands of our industries without much burden on already congested electricity transmission network and government-run power plants.” Just like land, water and other resources, captive power plants is also required for setting up an industry.
Lucrative CPPs In 2009, when the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) amended its rules (Section 9) and lowed any captive power plant (using 25 percent of its own power) to sell electricity through an open access system, it made captive power a very lucrative business opportunity. Prior to that, a captive power generation unit could sell about 25 per cent of the power it generated, only after obtaining a special clearance from the government. This move came as saviour for India’s power; however, the industry has rarely moved forward since then. Lack of coal-linkage to CPPs Coal India, which caters to 80 per cent of the domestic coal requirements, has been consistently falling short of its production targets, and the lack of coal-linkage to CPPs is hurting the industry. “Coal linkage meets 50 per cent requirement of our industries,” explains Mr Bansal. “Replacing it with other fuels will hit industries and our Continued to 22
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g
Electrical & Power Review
FEATURE Coal-linkage... Continued from 20
f
economy hard. Units already in operation may have to switch to other fuels with alternation in their steam generating units. This requires heavy investments as well as outage of units, or depend upon imported coal which many CPPs would not be able to afford.”
Stopping dependency on imported coal India has imported 7.9-million tonnes of coal for the steel and cement industries and 32.8-million tonnes for thermal power plants during first quarter of 2013-14. Then the question comes — how long should India depend on imported coal?
Further CPPs are already paying 30 per cent more to Coal India vis-a-vis IPPs and government-run power plants as per pricing policy of CIL, adding on to the challenges faced by the sector.
Mr Bansal feels, “To reduce or stop dependency on imported coal, the way ahead would be to encourage biomass-based fuel plants, to enforce city counsels to produce power from wastes, to install solar parks and to develop coal mines to increase their production.” Government and its guidelines of coal blocks and coal linkage With a view to facilitate the process of allotment of coal blocks or coal linkages for thermal power projects, The Ministry of Power has been issuing necessary communications from time to time. Keeping in view the past experience where many of the allocated captive coal blocks to different industries did not get developed, the ministry has laid down certain normative criteria for eligibility for coal blocks allotment, particularly to IPPs and merchant plants. These criteria could relate to net worth of the company, their internal resource generation and annual turnover. Here are some other criteria:
Sluggish investment scenario The Ministry of Coal, Ministry of Power and Central Electricity Authority still keep waiting about 382 CPP applications for 40,000 MW-capacity. The pending has hampered investment of ` 2 lakh crore directly in CPPs and another ` 80 lakh crore in end-use industries. “The government is continuously burdening the industry in the form of green fuel cess on linkage coal, bringing CPPs under RPO, thus making the CPP power costlier day by day. Further, limiting despatch clearance to 60 per cent of new FSAs with CPPs will increase the cost of both steam and power,” says Mr Bansal. With all these policies, CPPs are already in a difficult situation and viability of overall business gets affected as steam and power is a major component in the cost of end product in paper and textile industry. “The government should clear proposals on priority basis,” says Mr Bansal. “The top most priority should be given to CPPs having cogeneration and trigeneration facility, as this is most economical way of producing power and it does not require government infrastructure.” Rajiv Agrawal, Secretary, Indian Captive Power Producers Association, opines that the government should give importance to CPPs, if they want industries to really grow and want more investments as they are asking through “Make In India”. The government shouldn’t forget that that it is not the power, but the productive power that is required by India.
• Projects proposed to be executed by central public sector undertakings, organisations and state public sector organisations (generating companies, electricity boards) may be accorded the first priority. Within this group expansion projects will have higher priority in view of their shorter gestation. • Joint-venture projects between central sector and state sector or between the two states, or central/state with private sector with substantial say in the matter of management of the joint venture by the public sector, may be accorded next priority. • IPP projects, which have been allowed tariff approval by the appropriate tariff commission under Section 62 of the Electricity Act, 2003. • Projects being developed on the basis of competitive bidding for tariff under Section 63 of the Electricity Act. This would include ultra-mega projects and projects being developed on similar lines by the distribution companies and state electricity boards or agencies authorised by them to be the Nodal Agency for development of such projects.
With about 51,000 MW, captive power sector forms 18 per cent of India’s total installed capacity, and it seems that interesting days lie ahead for captive power producers. Like the past, CPPs have the potential to fuel the country’s economic growth. The time has come the government should provide CPPs coal-linkage and use them for faster recovery of the economy.
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Electrical & Power Review
Venture Lighting India Ltd Plot No. A30, D5, Phase II, Zone B, MEPZ, Tambaram, Chennai 600045 Tel: 91 - 44- 2262 3094, Fax: 91 - 44- 22625569, E-mail: marketing@vlindia.com
EPR PERSONALITY
Not policies but process of implementation counts “... it is not the power but the productive power that is required by India,” says Rajiv Agrawal, Secretary, Indian Captive Power Producers Association (ICPPA)
From 1992 onwards, investment in captive power plants (CPPs) was reasonably high. Even the growth of CPPs was much higher than national power growth. In an exclusive interview with EPR, Rajiv Agrawal suggests how one can expect investment to pour in and put up large industries without assured cost-effective power. With about 51,000 MW, captive power sector forms 18 per cent of India’s total installed capacity. Can captive power plants be the saviours for power-hungry India? Just as land, water and other resources are required for setting up industry, costeffective quality power from captive power plants (CPP) is also a requirement. If the government wants industries to really grow and more investments as they are asking through “Make In India”, it is very important that discrimination with CPPs should end. The government thinks that the IPPs can provide 24/7 power. They forget that it is not the power but the productive power that is required by India. 24/7 can be a political slogan but in reality India has to catch-up with China’s 67 per cent share of industrial power consumption from 44 per cent level. If you tell integrated steel plant to start the operation without having captive generation, they will say we won’t invest in this plant. Grids can’t guarantee quality of power. We find that public sector powerhouses
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are selling electricity at ` 5-11 per unit. Private IPP have PPA at ` 1.5-3, but the same power reaches the industries at ` 8. In addition, most CPP are located at the place of consumption, so there are no T&D losses. And this is how CPP are sustaining the country. How badly is the lack of coal-linkage to CPPs going hurt industries and economy? It is already hurting. For any power intensive industry, mostly converting natural raw materials, the cost of energy form 30-60 per cent cost, depending on the type of industry. If you increase this cost, everywhere down the line the cost will go up. This is where it is affecting the economies. The policies are good, but the process of implementing has either taken them a backseat or is implemented to favour a few. Why is the investment scenario in this sector becoming sluggish? From 1992 onwards, investment in CPPs was high. Growth of CPPs was much higher than national power growth. It is an open story that when IPP went to Manmohan Singh in 2012 seeking coal, but Coal India assured only 50 per cent. Than under presidential directives, they got FSA for 65-80 per cent. This additional coal is diverted from the share and linkages of CPPs. So how do you expect investment to pour in and put up large industries without assured cost-effective power. Electrical & Power Review
EPR PERSONALITY India imported 7.9-million tonnes of coal for the steel and cement industries and 32.8-million tonnes for thermal power plants during first quarter of 2013-14. How can we stop our dependency on imported coal? The way our Indian coal prices are going up; there is already reducing cost benefit for using Indian coal due to shortages, poorer quality by 2-5 grade slippage, increasing taxes, charges and royalty and increasing railway freight. For example, it is on record that from Central Coal Fields Ltd., industries are getting shortage of 150-300 tonnes (3-8 per cent) in a single rack. Despite follow-up from last 2 years, CCL Chairman is not willing or unable to take any effective actions. When 200 tonnes lesser weight was found at re-weighing enroute, as per rules, railways charged higher of the two. And CCL is anyways charging for coal not supplied by it. It only means omission or commission on the part of CCL. Another issue is government obstructing even linkage coal supply to industries for diversion to power houses. Due to this, SECL customers located far away from area could only get 20 per cent of coal in the last one year. They will definitely have to rely on imports. When there is no hidden additional cost with imported coal, dependency on it will increase. In many parts of the country, Indian coal is costlier than imported coal. This phenomena is now happening for lower grade like G10 and G12. In the coal block case, CAG said that from 1990s’ block allottees got benefit of ` 294 per tonne. This ` 294 is actually the profit of Coal India, calculated by CAG on the production cost of ` 700. That means 40 per cent profit — a figure can’t be even thought of by most businesses. With government’s nearly final plans to auction coal linkages, the cost will further go up.
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What is your opinion on the government’s plan for e-auction of linkages? When we are doing the auction under extreme shortage, the cost of coal is getting increased. Even if the government argue that bidders are responsible for irrational bids, they forget that a sinking person will make all effort to float – without thinking of future injuries.
Only if Indian coal cost are closer to import landed parity. These coal can be sold by some of the largest energy giants like Rio and Glencore. The question is who will be the beneficiary for this rise in cost a very high national benchmark. This is the time to think from the nation’s perspective. The upcoming commercial mine owners will rake in huge profits because for them the open-cast production cost will be ` 300-400, and they will selling coal at `1,500 - 2,500, i.e. the expected auction price to match import landed parity. History of coal e-auctions show that with introduction of highprice benchmarks black marketers and mafia at CIL loading sites gained. Even those CIL transporters responsible to move coal from mines to private sidings are benchmarking with these prices. It is interesting to note that being coal transportation cost, it is pass-through in the power tariffs. Another set of people are washeries
selling coal disguised as middlings and washery rejects. We should believe that 1-1.5 billiontonne planned production in next 3-5 years is achievable, but the demand can be higher. Thus sufficient import is expected. Due to toughening of global environment issues and increasing cheap shale gas, a lot of spare coal mining capacity is awaiting buyers and markets. Only if Indian coal cost are closer to import landed parity. These coal can be sold by some of the largest energy giants like Rio and Glencore. As per recent reports, a new Austrian mine will be profitable at $100 and this can be brought to India only if prices are high. I am ready to buy these projections because transglobal energy companies plan and work on 10-15 years horizon. How do you propose to decrease the coal price in the country? We ask a simple question on the goal – whether the purpose is to own coal block or to get assured, cost-effective coal supply from the coal blocks? Today the biggest problem is everyone wants coal. At the same time, everyone is talking of owning a coal block. Therefore, whatever further coal blocks are being planned for auction and whatever coal blocks are being given to various PSU and state government through dispensation routes, everything should be put on reverse auction. We had suggested a reverse auction model that let all these coal blocks be given for 30-50 per cent captive consumption for the block developers. Here I wouldn’t call them block owners but block developers. During bidding, block developers quote the minimum rate to supply balance 50-70 per cent coal to the nation. This coal can be sold through a central agency for equitable distribution with long-term contracts for power and industry. This appears to be only viable method for nation to lower its energy cost by increasing efficiency. Electrical & Power Review
Industry Analysis
Cogeneration is the way to go Cogeneration can be a win-win situation for all mill owners, the government, power utilities and the common people
For over a decade, industrial cogeneration has been generating much interest in India. However, cogeneration has been restricted to the production of electricity for self use only and viewed as a means to meet simultaneous on site needs for heat and power independent of the grid. Cogeneration and future Among all forms of renewables, biomass cogeneration is the most stable with higher plant load factor (PLF). Cogeneration can also contribute to the grid for almost 8 months in a year. The government’s ambitious target
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of installing 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022 also provides ample opportunity. “Being one of the major components in bio-energy sector, the bagasse cogeneration could well set the tone,” explains Priya Bhamare, Manager - Design and Projects, Sitson India Pvt. Ltd., “With a lot to achieve, this could prove to be a win-win situation for all mill owners, the government, power utilities and the citizens of the country.” Factors influencing growth of the Indian cogeneration market Many industries — including the sugar, pulp and paper, and textile — have been
Being one of the major components in bio-energy sector, the bagasse cogeneration could well set the tone.
Priya Bhamare, Manager - Design and Projects, Sitson India Pvt.
Electrical & Power Review
co-generating steam and electricity for many years. Ms Bhamare describes nicely why cogeneration has been favoured for several reasons. These are: • These industries have significant simultaneous steam and power requirements. • By products or waste are produced in these industries that can be used as low-cost fuels. • Many of the plants in these industries are located in areas not connected to the grid. • The industries want to insulate themselves from undependable utility supplies and lower their plant operating costs.
Sanjeev Nimkar, BU Head, Power Generation, Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., believes that 2 to 3 factors are generally influencing the market. “The first factor being availability of power in the country which is directly affects sale of the lower kVA range, 30 kVA to 40 kVA requirements are affected,” says Mr Nimkar. “If the power availability in the country matches its needs, the demand for gensets comes down. Secondly, from 40 kVA onwards up to 1,000 or 2,000 kVA, generator purchases are mainly for commercial or industrial requirements. In this scenario, what impacts the demand is the economic condition; GDP growth of the country has a major role to play in this.” According to Santosh Dahotre, GM and Head Marketing and Sales, Turbo Tech Precision Engineering India (P) Ltd., “Indian cogeneration market is influenced by the fuel cost and the growth in industrial production.” Products or services currently offered meeting customer needs? Customers expect value addition to his operations by harnessing the untapped potential of power generation through incidental power generation at a minimal CAPEX. “The present day products and services are technologically well-developed,” says Mr Dahotre. “However, there is scope to optimise the solutions offered to bring down the pay back for the project to less than 12 months.” Detailed study for select commissioned cogeneration power plants identifies key parameters like generation and exportable power per tonne of cane crushed vis-àvis technology configuration deployed, station heat rates, auxiliary power consumption, steam to fuel and steam to power ratios during season and off-season, down-times, Plant Load Factor (PLF), manpower capacity. Mr Nimkar claims that their range of products is the widest by any single brand in the market, in terms of number of nodes and kVAs. Its range extends from 2.1 kVA to 625 kVA as a single unit. With a combination of multiple units (paralleling), we can supply up to 5.5 MW. Electrical & Power Review
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Industry Analysis Key focus areas to keep cogeneration companies ahead of competition The industry is hopeful that the requirement for power in India improves. The country have been witnessing reasonable rise in demand, and the markets will be generally growing towards standard applications. “We expect that there will be increased demand for remote monitoring/control of gensets,” says Mr Nimkar. “This is already a feature being sought by some of our customers in the market. To explain this, the owner of a genset should be aware of its parameters like engine rpm, load, temperature, and oil and fuel level to know accurately if the genset is operating within allowable limits. It is imperative that the owner of the genset comes to know of any arising problems in advance to take corrective measures.” Ms Bhamare lists out some points that can help cogeneration companies stay ahead of completion. These are: • Relaxing existing financing norms, including interest rate, moratorium, repayment period and securities (through MNRE risk capital fund) • Development, demonstration and commercialisation of innovative financial models, and terms and conditions, including FDI and Foreign Currency (FC) loans • Evolving a back-ended financing structure for bagasse cogeneration
We expect that there will be increased demand for remote monitoring/control of gensets.
Sanjeev Nimkar, BU Head, Power Generation, Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd.
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projects with enabling provisions to overcome fluctuations in sugar and cogeneration operations.
Challenges affecting the growth of cogeneration The first challenge the industry has just overcome is the change in pollution norms to CPCB 2. “In our industry, second level emission norms have been put into practice, which is a good step since we are becoming more responsible towards our environment,” says Mr Nimkar. “But this move also puts an enormous strain at our backend since we had to change our entire portfolio as per the new norms. We invested close to ` 75 crore to get our products suited to the new pollution level norms. We also anticipate that in the next 3-4 years another level of norms might be adopted.” Then imports from Chinese manufacturers can prove to be a major challenge in future if the Chinese gensets get qualified as per the new pollution norms. “Other challenges remain towards the unorganised manufacturers in the market who supply loose engines.” Ms Bhamare feels the biggest challenge is funding. “Considering the paucity of funds and precarious financial situation, the industry direly needs funding, both in terms of equity and debt, with innovative financial terms,” she said. “This exactly is also the golden opportunity for foreign direct investments in both equity and debt, given the conducive investment environment emerging in India.” Mr Dahotre believes that poor application engineering by non-serious players may lead to failure of the project, leading to lack of confidence by the surrounding cluster of industry. Even the projects should be approved as a qualified investment for various focused industry development funds. Ms Bhamare is very optimistic because the key barriers, particularly
Indian cogeneration market is influenced by the fuel cost and the growth in industrial production.
Santosh Dahotre, GM and Head Marketing & Sales, Turbo Tech Precision Engineering India (P) Ltd.
related to technology, have been removed over this long period of almost two decades. She adds, “Extra high pressure and temperature configurations up to 110 kg/sq. cm and 540 C have been technically and commercially established, while operation and maintenance of key equipment like boiler, turbine, water treatment plant and DCS have also been established. The totally negative mindsets and fear amongst the sugar factory technocrats and personnel have more or less become positive for implementing cogeneration power plants. Despite being a fruitful proposition, the sector is also faced with certain issue that need to be addressed at the central and state government levels. “The investors demand a long-term policy certainty and assurance from the regulators with respect to tariff structure,” says Ms Bhamare. “When moving from one state to another, one faces the problem of non-uniformity in policy and regulatory regime.” India has been implementing cogeneration programmes since mid90s. A total of 288 biomass power and cogeneration projects aggregating to 2,665 MW capacity have been installed in the country for feeding power. Around 70 cogeneration projects are under implementation with surplus capacity aggregating to 800 MW. Electrical & Power Review
Guest Column
Demystifying power quality An interrelation with power supply reliability, AT&C losses and energy efficiency In today’s scenario, the key strategies for power distribution system reforms are ensuring reliability of supply, reducing AT&C losses, promoting sustainable energy usage and thereby leading to improving viability of distribution utilities. While distribution utility professionals focus on implementing the aforementioned strategies, however at times, the importance of power quality and its interrelationships with these ultimate objectives is not given due consideration. This article focuses on helping Indian utility professionals demystify the facts of PQ and considering PQ, since it is critical to achieve the desired results for distribution utilities. This also highlights the importance of considering PQ while designing and planning network improvements and expansions for power transmission and distribution utilities. With the increasing pace of modernisation, the existing electrical systems are unable to cater to the current demand of power quality. PQ escalations on the T&D systems are often complex, widespread and expensive to mitigate, hence utilities need to take PQ into serious consideration while planning network interventions.
The Indian electricity network is undergoing considerable change that is brought about by new technological advancement and the desire to make it smarter and more efficient. In today’s scenario, the key strategies for power distribution system reforms are ensuring reliability of supply, reducing AT&C losses and thereby leading to improving energy efficiency. Reliability of supply A major concern for Indian electrical distribution utility is maintaining “reliable power supply”. Reliability of supply implies that power is made available to the customer in right manner and without unplanned outage or interruptions disturbing normal life. Reliability and quality of supply were rarely considered as issues in the past and hence a little or no attention were paid towards it. However, modern economies are highly dependent on reliable and secure electricity services. In recent times the end customer has become more demanding and conscious about interruption free supply. Shortage of reliable supply impacts their normal life, thereby impacting economic and social growth. Loss reduction Power distribution utilities in India are facing critical challenge of loss reduction so as to improve their financial performance and operate viably. Public distribution companies are facing huge burden of losses (` 2.4 lakh crore) and high average AT&C losses (28 per cent). Among this, the standard technical loss component is around 17 per cent in India, while remaining constitutes un-metered supply, pilferage and so forth. Loss reduction is core to the utilities and being driven by targets set by regulation. Distribution companies are exploring and investing in all areas, including network improvement, IT and business process improvement to meet their loss reduction targets.
Fig. 1: State wise AT&C loss; APQI Manifold Analysis, 2014
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Energy efficiency Energy efficiency emerged as a key policy priority in India’s energy sector since the enactment of Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The government estimates that the energy efficiency market in India has an investment potential of $10 billion and Electrical & Power Review
Guest Column that improving energy efficiency could save up to 184 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) of generated electricity. Distribution transformer is one of the key equipment of power distribution network. Efficiency of the distribution transformers in various Indian power distribution utilities is very poor. Poor efficiency increases losses and reduces the quality and reliability of power supplied. Various state regulatory bodies have given directives to improve the efficiency of the DTs to improve the overall efficiency of power distribution network. Implementing or adopting energy efficiency measures decreases the overall energy demand and also peak demand, leading to higher reliability of supply. However, many devices that improve power reliability and quality, such as an inverter, a storage device, an uninterruptable power supply (UPS), or a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) have possible negative impact on energy efficiency. Poor EE also affects the environment and the profitability of the utility consequently Indian economy. PQ issues also commonly occur during power utilization at customer end. It impacts the electrical network components such as cables and transformers and creates excessive heating, overloading and early ageing of such components. Thus, although poor PQ and T&D losses are interrelated, systematic planned intervention can mitigate both risks. One of the key objectives of electricity network planning, given the ever increasing non-linear load environment, is to determine the upgrade and expansion requirements of the network so as to ensure supply of quality and reliable power to end consumers. PQ escalations on the T&D systems are often complex, wide spread and expensive to mitigate, hence having PQ as a design consideration in planning and management could be overall rewarding. Key PQ issues and measures to improve performance The growing uses of electronic loads in the electrical networks have increased concerns about power quality. Due to the imbalance in the network performance quality indices across T&D systems like voltage regulation, supply and service have been affected. Some of the PQ disturbances in the network are caused due to: • Natural causes • Faults or lightning strikes on transmission lines or distribution feeders • Falling of trees or branches on feeders during stormy weather conditions • Transmission and sub-transmission • Transformer energisation or feeder capacitor switching • Network topography not updated leading to overloading or absence of ring main • Auto reclosing of breakers to tide over fault in network • Equipment failure because of poor O&M • Non-linear loads on consumer side • Power electronic loads (UPS, ASD, converters, etc.), arc furnaces and induction heating systems • Switching on or off of large loads.
Electrical & Power Review
Immediate need for Indian regulators to measure and monitor PQ indices Central and state energy regulators are statutory bodies that govern reforms of power sector in India. They form policies regarding power management for utilities and customers. Maintaining good power quality is incumbent not only on the part of utilities but also customers. In India, however, utilities haven’t matured on the PQ concept and mostly the concept is mixed up with reliability of supply. It is high time now for regulators to make provision for PQ measurement and strict adherence by their respective licensees. Although all state regulators have code of supply in tariff regulations; however, it does not provide incentive or penalty mechanism related to quality of supply and hence utilities do not necessarily consider equally about continuity of power supply when compared with other priorities. Utilities could be compensated for the PQ investments made for laying up the infrastructure via ARR petitions. With the ongoing regulatory, policy and tariff structural change in the Indian electricity industry (following the Electricity Act, 2003), the issue of PQ is poised to become a figure-of-merit amongst the competing distribution utilities. Improvement of PQ has a positive impact on sustained profitability of the distribution utility on the one hand and customer satisfaction on the other. Improved regulation, policies, standards and end-customer awareness and reinforcement will play key role in guiding market for optimum equilibria for good PQ environment. Conclusion With the increasing pace of modernisation, power consumption has been increasing exponentially. The existing electrical network systems are unable to cater to the current demand of power quality, grid reliability and efficiency. It is clear that in order to meet the increasing power requirements of the society, it is important that the utilities recognise the need to overcome PQ issues by upgrading the network with available technology interventions and practices. This can be achieved through better planning and designing of grids, constant vigilance, effective monitoring and good maintenance. A properly planned and maintained electrical system including that at distribution level will avoid multiple PQ issues, thereby balancing quality power supply on continuous basis – every hour of the day, every day of the year. Time is ripe that power distribution utilities take PQ into serious consideration while planning network interventions thus differentiating themselves in an increasingly open power market. Authored by— Manas Kundu, Asia Power Quality Initiative (APQI), India Coordinator and Director (Energy Solutions), ICA India Kunjan Bagdia, Senior Analyst Utilities, pManifold Business Solutions, APQI National Support Network (NSN) Partner
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One-on-one
GE H-class gas turbine: a transformation in the industry “We have an installed base of 250 gas turbines in India, which makes us the largest gas turbine OEM,” says Deepesh Nanda, GE Region General Manager, PGP and PGS, GE South Asia GE Power & Water is one of the global leaders in power generation and water technologies for utilities, independent power producers and industrial applications. It is a name to be reckoned with in the development, service and support of advanced heavy-duty gas turbines. In an exclusive interview with EPR, Deepesh Nanda talks about the GE power generation business in India, how GE gas turbine is transforming the power industry and the Industrial Internet — the next big step from GE. The government is targeting to generate 15 per cent of its energy from renewable sources by 2020. How is the growth of renewable going to affect the overall power sector? GE has always been a supporter of government policies in terms of renewable energy. We have a large business which is into renewable energy. We have a plant in Pune that manufactures wind turbines. We are also the largest player globally in this segment. We look at the government’s moves and policies on renewable energy as a positive sign for GE. China is aggressively promoting gas turbine plants in a bid to reduce dependence on coal plants and promote fuel diversification. Where does India stand? India has an installed base of close to 240-250 GW. In this mix, about 10 per cent is gas-based power and about 60 per cent is coal-based power. In the 10 per cent gas-based power, we have around 24 GW of installed capacity. The sector has faced issues in the past 3-4 years because of the non-availability of affordable
gas. Among the 24 GW, around 14-15 GW is at operation at part loads, while the balance is completely stranded. Recently, the government has taken several steps, especially the notification which was issued in March. The government will come up with a bidding process for the gas plants to get operational. The technical round got over on 7th May, while the commercial bidding is underway. The government is looking at this sector and has come up with policies to restart the capacity which has been stagnant. By the end of the bidding process, we will at least have some part of the 24 GW in operation. What makes the gas turbines the technology of choice for future capacity additions? Some things clearly stand out in the gasbased power generation. To begin with, it is clean. The amount of emissions a gas-based power station would emit is lesser than a coalbased power plant. It is also quicker to set up. Whenever you have a large grid, you will need gas-based power that can ramp up quickly, depending upon the load cycle. So the complete load management with the gas-based power capacity is much more efficient, especially when you inject a lot of renewable load in the grid. The gas-based power generation helps balance the load management. On the broader side, while India is seeing possibility of gas, the rest of the globe is experiencing golden age of gas. In the US, Continued to 36
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One-on-one Deepesh Nanda interview Continued from 34 f
9HA Heavy-Duty Gas Turbine
we have the entire shale gas revolution. Middle East or Qatar has been a very big supplier over there. We have gas available in Australia and Russia too, but when it comes to India, Japan and Korea, we can see non-availability of affordable gas. Also, the prices tend to be higher than the other parts of the world. In the future, the technology to refrigerate, transport and gasification will improve and the cost will come down, which will make gas-based power plants more affordable. Due to the development across the globe, in terms of gas-based power technology, GE has been investing a lot in innovative products and coming out with technologies to improve the efficiency of the gas turbines. GE is the largest supplier of heavyduty gas turbine. How is GE H-class gas turbine transforming the industry? GE has the ability to invest in new technology to improve the efficiency of the gas turbines. This results in products that deliver the lowest cost of electricity. This is a clear advantage that the class 9 HA turbine offers. The other is operational flexibility, which is enjoyed by the customers using 9 HA turbine By operational flexibility, I mean if you have to start the gas turbine, you have a 10-minute ramp up from start command to gas turbine full load. This process happens in 10 minutes flat. Up to 70 MW per minute of ramp capability within the compliant limits of emission is what this turbine achieves. Then the turbine is also less complex, i.e. it does not require a
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separate air-cooling system. In addition, the turbine is modular. . While the world is aware about fullspeed, no-load test facility, GE being the technology leader went ahead and took a decision to invest $2 billion in our 9HA technology where we came up with full-speed, full-load test facility. At our test facility, the gas turbines have been tested for about 200 hours. This is equivalent to running 500 units on the field. The test facility gives us the ability to understand the dynamics of the gas turbine much more than we would have got if the gas turbine had been installed on the field. So the customers get a reliable turbine. These are some of the advantages of 9HA.01 and 9HA.02 over other gas turbines. If you look from the co-generation point of view, you have a 6F.01 gas turbine. What makes 6F.01 gas turbines unique? The 6F.01 is of the range of 50 MW, so if we take a typical 2:1 combined cycle arrangement, it gives us an output of close to 100 MW. In the 6F category, efficiency of the turbine is greater than 55 per cent on combined cycle. We have a very large base of installed gas turbines in India. We have a joint venture with BHEL on the services of some gas turbines. We also have technology collaboration with BHEL, for BHEL to manufacture these gas turbines. We have an installed base of 250 gas turbines in India, which makes us the largest gas turbine OEM. The 6F.01 will find play in small IPP and industrial
units. In terms of efficiencies, there is a vast change for the better. As it is a new technology, we have also come up with combustion system through which it delivers PPM levels within the norms. The life of the parts of the gas turbine is of the nature where you have extended parts which are available today. Thanks to the technology that we have developed over the time. We have put together all the knowledge and manufactured the 6F.01 gas turbine in India. It is a very good product for small IPP and industrial customers who have got captive plants, especially for continuous operating plants like refineries, petrochemical and where you have a cogeneration requirement of coal power and steam. GE is a big player in the power business. What are the other innovations we can expect from GE in steam- or gasturbine segment? GE’s investment in software solutions is an important element of innovation. GE has done a major investment in our software centre in San Ramon, California, where we would gather data for our equipment like gas turbines, steam turbines, aviation engines and wind turbines. For data and analytics, we have the ability to manufacture decision making tools for our customers enabling them to monitor the plant operations and working of the turbine on a real time basis on a flat plain of glass. In such a set-up, we can monitor the working of the entire plant as well. The processes are mapped on a continuous basis through a censor, and the data is sent back to our servers. We have high-end platforms to analyse the data coming in. After being analysed, the data is sent back to the customers who then can use the decision making tools in order to assess exactly what is happening in the power plant, and decide on the future course of action. This is an element of innovation, and GE has taken the first big step here. We have coined it as “Industrial Internet�, and this is going to be the future. Electrical & Power Review
Tech View
Design and development of conductor fittings for HTLS conductors This article gives brief account of conductor accessories, insulator hardware and power clamps and connectors suitable for HTLS conductor as the centre core has to be done. Annealing of the conducting material and coating the steel core with heat resistant material such as Galfan or using carbon core, affords high ampacity. When the surface temperature of the conductor (HTLS) is elevated, the conductor accessories, insulator hardware and power clamps and connectors suitable for ACSR conductor cannot be used for HTLS conductor. Therefore, a technological development had to have high temperature hardware and fittings designed and developed for the manufacture. Further, thorough testing of the connectors as per relevant IEC standard is carried out. This article gives brief account of such conductor accessories, insulator hardware and power clamps and connectors suitable for HTLS conductor.
RPL manufacturing unit
Due to right of way problem in the entire country, emphasis is on transferring big chunk of power through the least physical corridor. To achieve this, the conductor surface temperature has to be taken to more than 100C. The normal ACSR conductor loses its electrical and mechanical properties beyond 90C. It is therefore necessary to use high temperature low sag (HTLS) conductors. HTLS conductors can operate up to the temperature 250C and therefore can transmit large quantity of power. It is worth noting that the ampacity of the conductor increases as the temperature is elevated. For operating the conductors on very high temperatures, metallurgical changes in the conducting outer layers as well
Benefits of HTLS conductors HTLS conductors deliver higher amount of current or power at the elevated temperatures. The advantage of use of HTLS conductor is that when they are used on the towers designed for ACSR conductors, no major changes in the tower structures are required. Even the HTLS conductors sag less and therefore afford higher ground clearance, when used on the existing lines. If HTLS conductors are used on the new line, HTLS conductors can allow higher spans and thus reduce number of towers along the route. The weights and other mechanical properties of HTLS conductors are comparable with those of ACSR conductor. The Table 1 will give a comparative idea of HTLS conductors and Table 2 gives technical parameter of ACSS LARK conductor.
MSCJ CT/PT connector
Pam/Pad connector
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Dead End clamp
Jumper Cone
T - connector
June 2015
Suspension Clamp
PA ROd
Vibration damper
Electrical & Power Review
Tech View TABLE-I Particulars
ACSR Panther
ACSS Panther
Cross Sectional Area of Conductor (mm²)
261.50
261.50
Conductor Diameter 21.00 of Conductor (mm)
21.00
Modulus Of Elasticity 815860.32 (kg/cm²)
961695.35 below Thermal knee point (40°C) 2111038.59 above Thermal knee point (40°C)
Co-efficient of Linear Expansion (/°C)
17.8*10-6
18.2*10-6 below Thermal knee point (40°C) 11.5*10-6 above Thermal knee point (40 °C)
Unit Weight (kg/km)
974.00
975.00
UTS (kg)
10219.160
10273.19
DC Resistance @ 20° 0.13900 C Temp (ohm/km)
0.13520
Maximum Operating Temperature ( ˚C)
75
110
Voltage Level (kV)
132
132
Conductor per phase 1
1
Line length
28
28
335
335
(km) Span (M)
Calculations for Single Circuit & Single per Bundle Configurations The following calculations are carried out at temp stated besides ( ˚C):
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Current to be maintained (Amp):
460
951
AC Resistance (ohm/km)
0.1701
0.2221
Line losses (kW/ckt)
3026
16877
Power Factor
0.85
0.85
Power Transferred (MW/ckt)
87
179
Sag at above mentioned temp & 0% wind (M)
7.84
8.51
Tension to be maintained at 32 0C & 100% wind (kg)
2973.70
3283.26
Tension to be maintained at 32 0C & 0% wind (kg)
2203.66
2477.01
Tension to be maintained at 00C & 36% wind (kg)
2858.06
Electrical & Power Review
180.00
3328.42
Details of HTLS conductors Before going to the subject, design and development of conductor fittings for high ampacity, high temperature low sag conductor, it is necessary to see what HTLS conductor is and how it differs in properties from commonly used conductors like ACSR and AAAC. The conductors ACSR and AAAC are having maximum thermal rating of 90C. This means, in summer season when maximum ambient temperature is about 47-48C, the available scope to raise the temperature of these conductors above the ambient temperature is by 45C, which further limits the continuous current rating for these conductors, to satisfy this condition of maximum thermal limit of 90C. To overcome the problem of this low thermal limit of 90C of ACSR and AAAC conductors, new conductors of high thermal rating of 200C, but with about same cross sectional area and same sag at the high thermal rating are invented, which are having continuous current rating of about double the current rating of equivalent size ACSR/AAAC conductor, but at high temperature of 180 to 200C. There are a number of new High Temperature Low Sag (HTLS) conductors in the market designed to operate at temperatures of 200C and more. This is well above the normally accepted maximum operating temperature of 90C, allowed for the standard AAAC and ACSR conductors. These new conductors still employ aluminium as the main current conducting medium. They have a core material inside the aluminium that provides high mechanical strength with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. This internal core material is the main difference between conductors supplied by the various manufacturers. The new conductors are capable of carrying as much as two times the current, compared to that carried by AAAC and ACSR conductors of similar diameters without increase in the sag. Limited experience indicates that the new conductors perform as advertised. They tend to cost two times or even more, than standard conductors to purchase and install. Some require special handling and equipment for installation and maintenance. When applying these new conductors, manufacturer recommended splices and dead ends shall be installed using extreme care. These tend to be the weak links in line construction and any flaws at these points will most likely lead to conductor failures. Due care has to be taken while designing and developing conductor accessories, insulator hardware and power clamps and connectors for HTLS conductors with thorough testing of the same as per relevant IS/IEC Standard. June 2015
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Tech View TABLE – 2 Parameters
ACSS LARK
Diameter
20.27mm
Size( Al., Steel)
30/2.92mm,7/2.92mm
Al. Area(sq.mm)
201.4
Steel Area
46.9 sq.mm
Total Cross Sec. Area
248.3 sq. mm
RTS
100.4 KN
Conductor Weight
925 kg/km
Maximum Temp.
200 °C
Current carrying capacity @
960 A @ 200 °C
DCresistance@20°C
0.135505 Ohm/Km
Thermal Coefficient of Expansion
17.9×10-6 / °C
Modulus of Elasticity
80.5 KN/mm2
Span Length
300 m
Sag
7.31 m @200°C
Reference Standards
ASTM B856, B609,B957
Design of fittings for HTLS conductor The fittings and hardware such as splice, suspension clamps, dead ends, mid-span compression joints and repair sleeves as well as PA rods, vibration dampers etc. for transmission lines, as well as power connectors for substations. Using HTLS conductor is a specialised job. It is normally accepted that, since the HTLS conductors operate at very high temperatures, they must not be connected directly to oil and or paper insulated bushings. Therefore leads from HTLS dead end towers to equipment bushings may be constructed with a bundle of standard AAAC or ACSR conductors designed to carry the total current from the HTLS line without heating the equipment terminals beyond their normal thermal rating limits. The new HTLS conductors are generally used for specific applications or to solve existing problems. For example, if reconductoring of an existing line is required for load purposes and installing a larger conductor will require extensive structural work to increase strength and/or height, the HTLS conductor may be considered. A cost analysis can be evaluated between cost of the HTLS conductor and the cost of the structural modifications. For example, Panther ACSR conductor is replaced by ACSS Lark conductor for 132 KV line, using successfully designed and developed conductor fittings such as splices, suspension clamps, dead ends, mid-span joints and repair sleeves as well as PA Rods, vibration dampers etc. suitable for the ACSS Lark conductor, which is having diameter 20.27 mm, aluminium area 201.4 sq.mm. and weight per km as 925 Kg. UTS of the conductor being 100.4 KN and the continuous current rating of 960 Amps at 200C (refer Table-2).
thermal rating of the ACSR Panther conductor is 90C as against that of the ACSS Lark conductor is 200C. Similarly successfully designed and developed conductor accessories, insulator hardware and power clamps and connectors for both transmission line and sub-station equipment terminal such as CT, PT, CB, Isolator, LA, WT, CC etc. and ‘T’ connector suitable for HTLS Lark conductor are also utilised under the same project. During type testing of the fittings, it is confirmed that though they are connected to the conductor of temperature of 200C at its one end the other end temperature of the connector is as low as 70C and even below. Therefore, the substation equipment terminals remain well within their maximum thermal limit of 90C. Design and proto model of fittings alone is not enough. The manufacturer should have in house facility for type testing and for routine testing of such fittings. It is known that no electric product can be used in the system without full proof testing as per relevant IS, IEC and other relevant international standards. While designing the above products following important aspects are taken into consideration. First preference is given for establishment of own testing laboratory having facilities of type testing of above products for which very high investment of about Rs 5 crores is made on testing equipment, qualified and experienced trained testing engineers and technicians. For manufacturing unit highly sophisticated equipment like foundry and machine shop, VMC, CNC and SPM and investment on infrastructure to the tune of Rs10 crores was done. While manufacturing the products attention is paid to: • The drawings are prepared and got approved from the authorities of the utility and the customer for whom the products are being used. • The metallurgy of the raw materials to be used for manufacturing the products. Selection of the AL alloys of suitable chemical composition having high emissivity coefficient and low absorption coefficient. • The thermal rating to sustain the maximum rated temperature of the HTLS conductor of 200C without rise of its own temperature beyond 80C. • To have the required mechanical strength. • The high standard foundry and machine shop equipment. • Highly skilled and qualified work force • Training to the manufacturing and quality control staff • Vigorous testing to prove the product quality well above the basic requirement of the relevant IS, IEC and other international standards. Authored by:
The conductors ACSS Lark and ACSR Panther are almost equal in diameter and weight. They are having almost same maximum sag at their respective highest thermal rating. The
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Sudhir S. Kulkarni, Director, Ramelex Pvt. Ltd, Pune
Electrical & Power Review
Guest Column
Empowering the Smart Consumer Communication technology can now be used to transform the way the people consume electricity Technology has fundamentally changed the way that we live and interact. Today, it is possible to order food, buy clothes or hail a taxi in a number of cities across India, using just a smartphone. Public and private sector banks offer online and mobile-led transactions countrywide and rail tickets are received via SMS. Technology has given consumers unprecedented convenience and, ultimately, control over the products and services they consume. In the telecoms sector, for example, the consumer can choose from a wide range of tariffs and take advantage of the different promotions available as part of these products. Tariffs incentivising use of SMS, voice or data mean that consumers can select the package that suits the way they communicate best, and ensure they get the Advanced Metering Infrastructure
CyLec Concentrator
kWh
Internet Connect/ disconnect instructions
Flow of meter readings Tamper alerts
CyLec Head End Software
Network Management User Interface
Utility Billing System
best value for money. Communication technology can now be used to transform the way the people consume electricity. According to a World Bank study, over 300 million Indians are currently living without access to power and those that do have access are frequently subject to blackouts during peak hours. Indian utilities are working with legacy infrastructure, which is incapable of supporting the power needs of India’s ever-growing population, and faces power losses due to inefficient transmission and theft. Smart metering allows utilities to detect loss and theft and tackle these problems at the source. It also enables energy providers to monitor actual consumption and, therefore, bill consumers accurately. In clarifying and simplifying of the billing relationship between provider and consumer through smart metering, customers can receive accurate and regular bills based on their actual usage. Lower operational costs for utilities, via automated meter reading, billing and customer service, mean a reduction in energy costs for consumers and using the data generated by smart meters, utilities can provide increased reliability of supply and reduce blackouts. Smart metering technology also offers customers the opportunity to budget their electricity spend more accurately, giving them access to real-time information on their consumption. Prepayment systems enable pay-as-you-go or prepay tariffs, in the same was as mobile phone tariffs, giving customers the advantage of knowing when their next bill will arrive. In addition, utilities can provide time-of-use tariffs to incentivise off-peak electricity usage by reducing off-peak costs. These tariffs allow consumers to choose when it is most cost-effective for them to consume energy and leads to more reliable supply overall. Energy efficiency is of global interest. Countries around the world are deploying smart grid technologies to increase security of supply, and reduce costs as well as carbon emissions. The Indian government is focused on providing energy to all households by 2017 through smart grid technologies, and has a number of pilot projects in place across a number of regions. Cyan has worked with meter manufacturers, utilities and system integrators and is a part of many projects in India, Continued to 44
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Guest Column Empowering the Smart Consumer Continued from 42 f
including commercial projects for CESC in Karnataka, and commercial deployments for Tata Power Mumbai and Essel Utilities. Cyan’s technology has been specifically developed and optimised for emerging markets, like India, and is available as both an integrated and retrofit solution. The integrated solution allows utilities to incorporate Cyan’s technology with new and replacement installations. However, many homes in India have legacy meters and for many Indian utilities, it is not viable to tear these out and replace them with new smart meters. This is the purpose of Cyan’s retrofit solution, which has been designed to provide smart metering functionality to existing static meters. Utilities can therefore ‘upgrade’ the existing infrastructure and allow customers to benefit from smart technology without the need to drive up costs to cover replacement meters. Cyan’s communication platform enables shared advantages for both utilities and consumers, with the overall benefits of network evolutions, capacity grown, increased service quality and the ability to meet growing demand. Customers benefit from a personalised service, which enables them to better understand and manage their usage, and Time of Use tariffs
enable them to cut their costs. Utilities gain increased network insight, and are better able to identify theft and losses and mitigate against them, as well as being able to proactively manage demand response. These benefits all lead to increased revenue assurance, which can then be used to upgrade and extend the country’s power infrastructure, ensuring improved reach and quality of supply for consumers. In addition, utilities with assured revenues can enter longterm and competitive power purchase agreements to deliver uninterrupted power supply. In the long run, a utility with universal smart metering implemented will be able to deliver a high-quality electricity supply, at a reduced cost to consumers. The technology required to enable all of these features is readily available and in use across many industries worldwide. With the piloting and rolling out of smart grid initiatives across India, consumers will soon benefit from more reliable power supplies, and will able to take control of their electricity consumption in a way that has hitherto been unimaginable. Authored by__ Shiv Kaushik, Country Manager, Cyan Technologies (India)
Megger’s SVERKER 900 enhances testing capability The SVERKER 900 relay and substation test system claims to be the engineer’s ultimate toolbox that addresses the increasing need for three-phase testing capability in electrical distribution substations, renewable power generation stations and industrial applications. The intuitive user interface is presented on the LCD touch screen. It has a powerful combination of current and voltage sources and a versatility of measurement possibilities. The SVERKER 900 is specifically designed for basic, manual three phase secondary testing of protection devices. In addition, various primary testing can be performed, since the current and voltage sources can be seriesand/or parallel connected to allow for up to105 A AC or 900 V AC output.
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All three current and four voltage sources can be individually adjusted with respect to amplitude, phase angle and frequency. The fourth voltage source allows for testing of numerical relays that needs a reference voltage simulating the busbar. Applications • C ommissioning and maintenance of distributed and generator power substation • Protection relays • Electromechanical relays • Static relays • Numerical relays • Plotting current transformer excitation curves • Current and voltage transformer ratio tests • Burden measurement for CT circuits • Polarity (direction) tests • Impedance measurement • Primary injection in switchgear • Three-phase • Single phase • Checking SCADA annunciation and measurement values • Wiring check • Measuring on network.
Electrical & Power Review
India's Largest Exhibition and Conference for the Solar Industry Bombay Exhibition Centre, Hall 1 Mumbai Intersolar India is your gateway to one of the most promising solar markets in the world! Network with over 9,500 potential business contacts from the Indian solar industry Stay up to date with the latest trends and technological developments Boost your brand visibility with an established B2B event
with special exhibition
Green Zone
Although managing weather risk is relatively new in many geographies, but the concept is spreading fast
How to reduce cash-flow volatility in renewable energy businesses Energy production — especially renewable energy production — is highly weather sensitive. Since renewable energy business have high financial leverages, the business has significant volumetric risk to weather parameters. This impacts their energy generation potential and hence their revenues. Weather risk management for renewable energy businesses Weather risk management is essentially about proactively managing these risk via financial risk management products designed to cover against adverse financial impact of weather anomalies. These are typically designed in the form of an index-based weather cover, which is a type of insurance that is triggered when the index exceeds a pre-defined value. “The index can be a temperature threshold, rainfall levels, sunshine duration, wind speed, or any other weather variable or combination of variables that represent the weather risk the business is exposed to,” says Gabriel Gross, President, Meteo Protect. “The cover is designed to compensate exactly or partially the losses incurred through adverse weather conditions. “With respect to wind energy, average wind speed variations are the main factor influencing production. Variations in availability of the renewable energy resource account for majority of the
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overall production risks (can be as high as 90 per cent of overall production risk) for a 20 per cent financial impact in certain regions.”
this is commendable efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, this growing share of renewable also means growing climate dependency in coming years.
Reducing cash-flow volatility There are multiple options available to reduce the cash flow volatility in RE businesses like financial derivatives, exchange traded instruments or insurance contracts that protect against adverse outcome of weather parameters.
He also adds, “As renewable companies gain in size, there is growing awareness in India of the need to actively manage the financial consequences of climate variability.”
“The exact nature of contracts depends upon the regulatory framework in a particular geography,” says Mr Gross. “The compensation may be fixed or progressive if the losses caused by the weather increase with the index value. As with any index-based insurance, it is when a pre-defined index value is exceeded that the loss, in traditional insurance terms, occurs.” The index value is the sole trigger for compensation. No claim adjustment process or additional administrative procedures are required. Indian and weather risk management India is a high-growth economy with an impressive track record of promoting renewable energy business, especially wind energy. India is set to make rapid strides in solar as well. While
In India, lending culture has traditionally been collateral based and same applies to renewable energy sector. “For large investments to flow in the sector, there is need to have greater attention to cash flows in the sector and risk standards need to develop to a higher level of sophistication,” explains Mukul Kumar, Founder, Cognivant Consulting. “On the other hand, borrowers will need to strive
As renewable companies gain in size, there is growing awareness in India of the need to actively manage the financial consequences of climate variability. Gabriel Gross, President, Meteo Protect
Electrical & Power Review
Green Zone to attain higher credit quality so that investment can flow into the sector at competitive costs of finance.” It is well-known fact that renewable energy is expected to add new capacity over the next 5 years at a pace which is significantly higher than what we have seen over the last 5 years. According to Mr Kumar, “For a prudent estimate of addition of 30-40 GW over next 4-5 years, we need ` 3 lakh crore of investment out of which ` 2 lakh crore will have to be funded via debt. This will require that access to debt finance becomes more broad based and goes beyond traditional form bank finance of a lender locking in for an extended period into a specific project.” For a borrower, accessing financing based on risk reduction measures implemented during operations phase also becomes more cost efficient. “This is the trend the world over,” opines Mr Kumar. “An active refinance market for operational projects with reduced risk profile are the way to accomplish the two objectives – greater access to finance and at competitive costs. For a very dynamic renewable sector, there is also a need to make bond market accessible by renewable energy projects. This would require bridging the gap between low risk profile of institutional investors and relatively high credit-risk profile of renewable energy project.” As the quantum of lending to the renewable sector increases many folks in coming years, the developers and lenders alike will look for better quality of cash flows and hence adoption of risk mitigation measures again externalities such as weather anomalies becomes imperative for healthy growth of the sector. Overcoming challenges Managing weather risk is relatively new in many geographies but spreading fast. According to Mr Gross. “We share our knowledge and raise awareness by working closely with local partners who know well customers’ needs and know how to address their issues. We also hold seminars, where we invite different Electrical & Power Review
stakeholders to share practices and exchange views.” Emerging economies like China and India are able to profit from rapid advances in technology and quickly can adopt risk management best practices. “I find that Indian developer community is highly receptive to new ideas and yet very cost conscious. This helps drive innovation build better solutions. One difference we do note is that there may be varying degrees of data availability.” This kind of challenge can be solved by offering solutions that use reliable data for which both the insurance community and clients are comfortable. This comes particularly handy for new wind farms that have few historical data. Risks for insurance and reinsurance brokerage business Any insurance and re-insurance broking business runs on clients’ trust the claims will be paid and that it will be settled on time, no matter what. While talking about assuring trust, Mr Gross says, “We take due care in designing the product that the customer needs and understands. In fact, we help them make choices on parameters that they feel most comfortable with. We have also tied up insurance capacities with insurers that understand this risk extremely well.” Weather Index based insurance solutions are designed simple. They do not have complex loss reporting and documentation processes as trigger for payments are objective measurement of weather parameters. Mr Gross claims, “Meteo Protect designs and sells trustworthy, reliable insurance and financial product solutions. All of our insurance products are underwritten by insurance companies with an A minimum rating from A.M Best, Standard and Poor’s or Moody’s. This independent rating shows the quality and financial strength of our risk takers and guarantees the efficient settlement of claims to our clients.”
We have reached all the key stakeholders in the business to creating awareness amongst developers, investors and lenders
Mukul Kumar, Founder, Cognivant Consulting
Popularising in India India is ranked as one of the most sensitive countries to climate risk. It has tropical climate with high monsoon dependency, which translates to high seasonality as well as inter-annual variability of weather parameters, which incidentally impact all renewable energy sources in some ways (wind, solar and hydro). “This means that there is greater need of measuring and proactively managing the financial impact of weather anomalies,” says Mr Gross. “This is especially important to firms that have high financial leverages.” Mr Kumar assures that they have a multi-pronged strategy to promote this concept in India. “We have reached all the key stakeholders in the business to creating awareness amongst developers, investors and lenders,” he explains. “We also recently organised the seminars in Delhi and Mumbai in partnership with Unison Insurance Broking Services (UIBS) on ‘Analysis and Management of Wind Variability Risk’ where we discussed global trends in wind risk management and provided an overview of the modelling process and wind risk management techniques. Mr Kumar believes that partnering with the Unison, they would be able to develop and deliver bespoke insurance solutions to their clients in the Indian sub-continent, and Unison has the entrepreneurial drive to understand customer needs, bring the best solutions to its customers. June 2015
47
Factory Trip
Kirloskarvadi: Kirloskar’s heart and soul Kirloskar Brothers and its industrial townships showed how industrialisation can grow hand-in-hand with civilisation with this organisation. The important aspect about working over here is we have to keep up with and acquaint ourselves with the changes happening around.” State-of-the-art plant The factory at Kirloskarvadi did more than just produce agri-pumps. Kirloskarvadi gave India’s first branded iron plough. It also produced India’s first diesel engine and electric motor. Today KBL is one of the India’s largest manufacturers and exporters of pumps and has eight manufacturing plants: Kirloskarvadi, Dewas, Kondhapuri, Shirwal, Ahmedabad, Coimbatore, Kolhapur and Karad. Kirloskarvadiis regarded as the mother plant and produces one-third of all the KBL pumps.
Before PM Narendra Modi popularised ‘Make in India’ concept, one visionary industrialist named Laxmanrao Kashinath Kirloskar made it a reality, and he did it even before India became India—more than a century back. The journey, of course, wasn’t a smooth one. He started manufacturing iron ploughs, but it took him 2 years to sell his first iron plough. And then his plant was forced to relocate from Belgaum as the civic body annexed its land. With the help from the King of Aundh, Laxmanrao Kirloskar developed one of India’s first industrial townships Kirloskarvadi — now in the district of Sangli in Maharashtra. Kirloskarvadi “Kirloskarvadi is my home,” says a young engineer. This is not just an expression; this is what each and every employee believes in. The township, which is divided into
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June 2015
residential area and manufacturing plant, has its own post office and a PIN code. The residential area is scenic with wellplanned roads and greenery. The township has everything a resident can dream of — high school, junior college, town library, hospital and so forth. Kirloskarvadi also has several sports facilities, including a cricket club, tennis courts, golf course and an eight-lane swimming pool. Kirloskarvadi is a global village where more than 3,000 people work, understand and grow as professionals and individuals.“There are no limits of gaining expertise in this organisation,” says Prakash Pudale, Associate Vice President and Head Operations - Kirloskarvadi, Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., and the third generation of his family to work with the company. “Every level of work involves its own opportunities and freedom. I have noticed a lot of changes within myself working
“Our every offering is first developed here,” explains Mr Pudale. “The first centrifugal pump in India, concrete volute pump, metallic volute pump and the first sodium pump were first developed at Kirloskarvadi. The manufacturing plant in Kirloskarvadi is one of few to have a state-of-the-art integrated manufacturing facility under one roof with ferrous and non-ferrous foundries. Kirloskarvadi has also one of Asia’s largest hydraulic research centres with testing facility up to 5,000 kW and 50,000 m3/ hr. What makes Kirloskarvadi unique? The uniqueness of this plant is it has all manufacturing facilities under one roof. It has a research and development centre along with design centre. It has all kinds of facilities to make different kinds of pumps, including the bigger machines which have 8-metre swing and 6-metre height. “I think very few companies have such manufacturing capabilities,” says Mr Pudale. “We have a very efficient assembly Electrical & Power Review
Factory Trip line and encourage new development. The testing laboratory is well-equipped too.” Pumping the power industry Kirloskar Brothers is one of the leading names in manufacturing pumps used in power plants. Here are a few important pumps used in a power plant: Canned Motor Pumps • The highly reliable “Canned Motor Pumps” are used for pumping of toxic, hazardous liquids, high temperature, and high pressure services in nuclear power plant. These pumps come with no seal-no leakage and have no separate lubrication of bearing and no contamination of lubricant. Canned Motor Pump is a centrifugal pump with hermetically sealed electric motor mounted on single shaft thus eliminating the requirement of mechanical seal or other sealing device.
Cannister Pumps • Condensate Extraction Pump series by Kirloskar is widely used for condensate extraction application in thermal and nuclear power plants. High efficiency and low NPSHR characteristics make CEP pumps the best suitable in these segments. Their hydraulic design is constantly updated through KBL’s research and development to meet the ongoing requirements.
Solar Pumping System A solar pump uses power derived from sunlight that is converted into electrical power by solar PV modules, which give higher power output in the afternoons and lower power output in the mornings and evenings. Kirloskar “Solar Pumping System” and its automatic solar electric technology drives a standard induction motor AC pump set, with a triple mode maximum power point tracking feature. Under this, the pump, motor and solar modules are all made to run in the best frequency zone automatically. These
pumps work on varying power input and give varying water output at a given pump head. KBL and innovation The core businesses of KBL include large infrastructure, project and engineered pumps, industrial pumps, agriculture and domestic pumps, and valves and hydro turbines. The company is one of the market leaders in power sector, water resource management (water supply, sewage treatment and desalination), oil and gas, marine and defence and irrigation. KBL is also a leading name when it comes to innovation. Most of these innovations are a result of the zeal of the employees and their commitment to the company.“There are about 59 projects which come from the workers and young engineers,” says Mr Pudale. “One good example is the KPD pumps with enclosed impeller which has zero set-up time. Our 32 models are covered in one set-up.”
Concrete Volute Pumps • Then there are “Concrete Volute Pumps (CVPs)” in which the casing and suction draft tube is cast in-situ concrete with rotating metallic part. These pumps are highly required in thermal and nuclear power plants because of their high reliability, design simplicity, superior operating performance, vibration-free equipment and low maintenance cost.
We are on continuous path of improvement, and we will make this organisation globally admired as a best-in-class pump manufacturing facility.
Prakash Pudale, Associate Vice President and Head Operations - Kirloskarvadi, Kirloskar Brothers Ltd.
Electrical & Power Review
Men at work
June 2015
49
Power Brand
Choosing Driver ICs and MOSFETs for optimum power conversion Gate drivers play key role in SMPS and inverter designs
C7 Structure Source metal-layer
MOS-cell
Compensation Structure
Fig 1: CoolMOS C7 superjunction structure
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June 2015
Electrical & Power Review
Power Brand DC/DC LLC
PFC PV
+12V
GND
PV
Gate Drive
Gate Drive
PFC-Controller
Gate Drive
Isolation
PWM-Controller
Figure 2: Power converter stage based on controller, driver IC and SJ MOSFETs
Fig 3: Block diagram of Infineon 2EDNx52x gate driver IC
Electrical & Power Review
June 2015
51
Power Brand
Designing power factor correction system to avoid operational problems Neptune’s power factor correction system to prevent resonance condition in order to avoid operational problems and damage to capacitors Power factor correction or reactive power compensation forms a small but very important part of electrical scheme of any electrical network which source its supply from electrical utility company. It’s inadequacy in any form can result in power losses, voltage drop, increase in peak demand, untilised transformer and cable capacity. With most of the electricity companies billing in KVAH units, there is direct losses in terms of higher units if power factor of installation is maintained below unity. Most common method of improving power factor is to install power capacitor banks at load side or mains. The power
factor will be improved but depending on the type and characteristics of load the system if not designedproperly can interact with network to generate resonance condition and other negative impacts. Therefore, it is imperative to follow certain guidelines for design of power factor correction system to prevent resonance condition in order to avoid operational problems and damage to capacitors. Power quality and importance Poor power quality, particularly high harmonic distortions, can lead to resonance condition leading to operational problems and subsequent operating losses. Some of the consequences can be: • •Breaker tripping, burning and blowing frequent equipment failures, failure in electronic equipment, software glitches • •High KVA demand, poor power factor, operational problem in DG supply on change over • Burning or overheating of capacitors, transformers, wires, cables, bus bar and switchgear component
Thyristor switched real time PFC system with detuned or tuned harmonic reactor
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June 2015
There has been much discussions and interests in recent years on the subject of power quality, particularly harmonics under ambit of network power quality. More and more frequently industrial and commercial users are finding that they have to deal with the problem of “polluted power”. Many seminars and awareness programmes have been conducted to effectively deal with problems of harmonics. It is very common to hear about capacitor explosions, switchgear burning and tripping and problems because of voltage transients in electrical power industry.
A lot has been done but still there are gaps in knowledge of harmonics in network and methods to effectively deal with them. It has to be understood that power quality and harmonics is one area of expertise within electrical discipline. Like other areas of power distribution, lighting and so forth the area also needs to be take care off while designing the electrical layout and reactive power compensation system. In existing system, power quality studies assume great significance to understand network power quality profile and negative impact they can have on network. Neptune offer high-quality power quality studies for short durations, 24 hours to many days by high-end waveform and PQ recorders so that to comprehensively understand harmonics, voltage flicker, voltage fluctuation (sags and spikes), power factor issues during various load cycles of plant and office and their impact. Importance of suitable design of power factor correction systems Many consumers are not aware that power factor correction system if not designed as per load characteristics, can itself result and become a cause for major operational problem in the network. Some of the issues can be: • Enhanced harmonic distortion leading to resonance condition • Increased losses due to over or under compensation because of mismatch in-load variation and response time of power factor correction system • Increased switching transients due to more numbers of steps switched through contactors • Operational problems, blowing of capacitor bank and other network loads due to harmonic resonance
Electrical & Power Review
Power Brand • Lot of power quality issues in network becomes visible after installation of inadequately designed PFC system.
These issues may not directly suggest that PF system is responsible but the fact of the matter is that wrongly designed power factor correction system is one of the major causes of operational problems in electrical network. Neptune with experience of last more than 20 years and with installation base of more than 20,000 systems all over India and abroad offer their expertise in designing, supplying and installation of high-quality intelligent power factor correction and harmonic filtration systems. These systems are designed on the basis of power quality studies and analysis using advanced simulation tools.
Further information is also collected from customer or project consultant. Some of these are: 1. Characteristics and switching time and variation frequency of major loads in the network along with the rating of main transformer and major load feeders where compensation is possible 2. Identifying balanced and unbalanced load condition in network 3. Type and amplitude of harmonic distortion with individual harmonic content. Based on these inputs, Neptune offers intelligent PFC systems with appropriate detuning and tuning reactors switched through contactors or real time thyristorbased switching. Possibility of hybrid
system is also worked out which is combination of contactor-based and realtime TSM based. Balanced or unbalanced (phase to phase) compensation systems are offered as per type of loads. Addition to PFC, if harmonic mitigation is required, combination of PF correction plus active filter is offered again in hybrid model. The systems are intelligent with GSM modem, data logging and various communication options for reporting and analysis. With above what we achieve for customer is a perfect and most optimised power factor control. This results in enhancing power quality of network thus bringing savings to customer along with minimising lot of operational problems.
Mahindra Susten deploys solar-powered petrol pump in UP Solar EPC player Mahindra Susten, a portfolio company of Mahindra Partners, has deployed its very first solar powered petrol pump for Indian Oil in Uttar Pradesh.
Specifications System capacity: DC - 5kWp Module rating: 250 Wp x 20 nos. Inverter rating: 5 KVA Battery rating: 96 V at 160 Ah
The state-of-the-art solar PV solution is installed at the S.V. Filling Station, Rajesultanpur, Ambedkar Nagar, Uttar Pradesh.
advantage,” said Ashish Gupta, Senior Divisional Retail Sales Manager, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.
“Indian Oil Corporation completely supports the Government’s vision to achieve the 100 GW mark in solar installations and hence, our focus on converting our retail outlets to green facilities as far as possible. The solar installation at the S.V. Filling Station is not only a step in this direction but also helps reduce our dependence on conventional fossil fuel. It also results in lower operating charges and increases reliability of electricity supply at the pump. The long life span of solar plants and the fact that it does not require much maintenance is an added Electrical & Power Review
“This solar powered petrol pump has been designed in accordance with the latest IS guidelines and standards and also takes into account the exact number of dispensers and their load consumption pattern. We would like to congratulate both Indian Oil and Mr. Ahmed for taking such a proactive step and hope others will follow suit,” said Sachin Singh, Regional Head – North, Mahindra Susten The speedy execution and project quality displays Mahindra Susten’s expertise and ability to deliver under any circumstance, even in the remotest
parts of the country. Mahindra has Ferro Buildhards, represented by Nitin Gupta, as an exclusive channel partner in Uttar Pradesh (East), for quick on – site execution and speedy after-sales support. Mahindra Susten began by offering turnkey EPC services for solar projects in 2011 and now has three business divisions – Energy with a portfolio of over 350 MW of solar projects in both utility and roof-top, Engineering for solar and infrastructure projects, and Build Solutions for the industrial sector construction. June 2015
53
Power Brand
Polar lighting poles
Architectural lighting from K-LITE K-LITE Industries an ISO company, manufacturing indoor and outdoor luminaires have launched a new series of LED architectural lighting. Being a trendsetter in outdoor lighting and inspired by the “Make in India� vision, K-LITE, through its innovative outlook have showcased an all new product portfolio under Architectural Lighting. The application includes facade lighting, pathway lighting, in-ground luminaire, uplighter, up-down lighting, billboard lighting, vertical light bars, wall washers, area lighting poles and above all popular sleek polar lighting solutions. The solutions offered are backed by extensive understanding of illumination in urban spaces and the expertise gained over a period of three decades. The fixtures are designed to provide value technology, ideally suited to Indian conditions. The LEDs used comply to LM 80 testing requirements and from internationally reputed makes such as Nichia / CREE. The luminaires are RoHS,
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June 2015
Area lighitng pole
LM 79 and CE certification compliant. According to K-LITE, the luminaire efficacy (lumens per watt) is much above 100 for all luminaires. Varied optical options for lighting distribution and correlated colour temperature (CCT) for cool white, neutral white or warm white are available to suit specific requirements. The outstanding item of the series viz., the sleek polar lighting solutions is a contemporary design that is both
Aston
timeless and unique in its impression. Compact without visible mounting equipment and optimised integration, polar lighting is in perfect continuity with the geometric lines of the square column. These assemblies are ideal for surroundings of contemporary architectural constructions. For all enquiries contact sales@klite.in or visit www.klite.in. Tele: +91-9500079797, +91-44-26257710 Electrical & Power Review
TECH VIEW
ADVERTISERS INDEX Electrotherm India Ltd................................................. 31
Next Gen Equipment Pvt. Ltd...................................... 15
Elmeasure India Pvt. Ltd............................................. 35
Nexus Electro Steel Ltd............................................... 37
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd............................................. 5
OBO Bettermann India Pvt. Ltd..................................... 7
Indian Transformers & Electricals.................................. 3
Omicron Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd............................ BC
K Lite Industries........................................................... 25
PETE – Hammond Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd............ IFC
M&I Materials India Pvt Ltd......................................... 11
Scope T & M Pvt. Ltd................................................... 58
Megger (India) Pvt. Ltd.............................................. IBC
Sivananda Electronics................................................. 27
MPP Technologies Pvt. Ltd.......................................... 21
TTP Technologies Pvt. Ltd........................................... 13
Neptune India Ltd.......................................................... 9
Venture Lighting India.................................................. 23
Venture Lighting introduces ultra energy efficient electromagnetic ballast
HSD252224HE ultra efficient magnetic ballast for operating 250W HPSV/MH lamps, considering a 15 hours of operation per day this 95 per cent efficient ballast will have an energy saving of 110KWH in year when compared to commercial available magnetic ballast of same wattage. Due to low Energy consumption, it provides a faster return of investment. Similarly HSD402224HE ultra efficient magnetic ballast is meant for operating 400W white lux MH lamps can save 135KWH.
250 Watt HID Ballast
Ballast Code : HSD252224-HE
Electrical Data (Ballast) Lamp Walts (W) Lamp Current (A)
250 MH / HPS - 3.0A
Input Voltage at 50 Hz (V)
220/240
Circuit Watts (W) Efficiency (%)
264 95
Running Current (A)
1.40
Delta T (0C) 30 tw (0C)
140
Capacitor Value (uf)
30
Capacitor Voltage (V) Energy Saving / Year
250 110 kwh*
Physical Data (Ballast)
LABEL
Ultra energy efficient electromagnetic ballast family is Venture’s premium range of ballast with 95 per cent efficacy as similar to high-efficient electronic ballast. It is Venture’s most sustainable product line offering longer life to achieve high quality of light and low power consumption.
L W H Dimensions (mm) 150 99 76 Fixing Centre (mm) 315x76 5.4 Weight (kg)
*Considering 250W standard HPS ballast usage 15 hours a day
• Longer life • Suitable to use on existing fixture.
• • • • • • • • •
Contact: Venture Lighting India Ltd. Plot No. A30, D5 Phase II Zone B, MEPZ, Tambaram, Chennai - 600 045 Tele: +91-44- 22625567 / 22623094 Fax +91-44- 22622434 Email: marketing@vlindia.com www.venturelighting.in
Electrical & Power Review 55
L
W
Features: Energy efficiency 95 per cent Fast return on investment Low power consumption High reliability Cost effective Working ambient temperature up to 65C Vacuum pressure impregnated Precision wound Optimised lamp performance
H
June 2015
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Trade Zone
t o h s ap
n S t rke
Ma
IEX & PXIL Price and Volume Day Ahead Market-June’15 Delivery day
"IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"IEX MCV (MWh)"
"PXIL MCV (MWh)"
Delivery day
"IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)"
"IEX MCV (MWh)"
"PXIL MCV (MWh)"
1-Apr-15
2.87
2.06
75,693
1,207
17-Apr-15
2.61
3.40
87,175
469
2-Apr-15
2.51
2.70
71,483
1,352
18-Apr-15
2.73
3.31
90,034
491
3-Apr-15
2.50
2.52
73,010
1,275
19-Apr-15
2.37
2.74
78,238
1,115
4-Apr-15
2.77
2.49
73,090
1,283
20-Apr-15
2.57
2.75
86,011
860
5-Apr-15
2.79
2.14
78,006
1,014
6-Apr-15
3.33
2.85
65,522
683
21-Apr-15
2.76
2.47
90,142
1,000
7-Apr-15
3.34
3.24
70,031
988
22-Apr-15
2.98
2.74
88,334
915
8-Apr-15
3.03
3.21
71,980
1,206
23-Apr-15
2.78
2.93
93,819
870
9-Apr-15
3.30
3.36
72,721
584
24-Apr-15
2.54
2.72
96,519
965
10-Apr-15
3.24
3.26
76,845
867
25-Apr-15
2.36
2.52
87,681
1,365
11-Apr-15
2.93
3.37
77,470
554
26-Apr-15
2.05
2.10
86,479
1,204
12-Apr-15
2.70
2.73
80,350
1,162
27-Apr-15
2.36
2.04
83,797
1,168
13-Apr-15
2.48
2.64
82,202
1,098
28-Apr-15
2.47
2.09
87,904
1,350
14-Apr-15
2.10
2.37
75,646
1,127
15-Apr-15
2.24
2.41
83,480
1,120
29-Apr-15
2.45
2.34
97,902
1,364
16-Apr-15
2.60
2.21
88,059
675
30-Apr-15
2.69
2.17
93,690
1,364
IEX & PXIL Price & Volume in Day Ahead Market-Apr'15
IEX MCV (MWh)
120,000
PXIL MCV (MWh)
IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
IEX & PXIL Price & Volume in Day Ahead Market-Apr'15
100,000
IEX MCV (MWh)
PXIL MCV (MWh)
IEX Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
4.00
3.00 2.50
80,000 60,000
2.50
60,000
2.00
40,000
1.50
40,000
MCP (Rs/kWh)
3.00
1.00
20,000
0.50
0 1-Apr-15 0 1-Apr-15
4-Apr-15 4-Apr-15
7-Apr-15 7-Apr-15
10-Apr-15 10-Apr-15
13-Apr-15
13-Apr-15
16-Apr-15
Average Daily MCV : IEX- 82,110 MWH | PXI- 1,023 MWh Average Daily MCV : IEX- 82,110 MWH | PXI- 1,023 MWh
JUNE 2015
16-Apr-15
|
|
19-Apr-15
19-Apr-15
22-Apr-15
22-Apr-15
25-Apr-15
25-Apr-15
2.00 1.50
MCP (Rs/kWh)
3.50
20,000
56
4.00 3.50
PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
80,000 100,000 Cleared Volume (MWh)
Cleared Volume (MWh)
120,000
PXIL Avg MCP (Rs./kWh)
1.00 0.50 0.00
28-Apr-15 0.00
28-Apr-15
Average Daily MCP : IEX- 2.68 kWH | PXI- 2.66 kWh
Average Daily MCP : IEX- 2.68 kWH | PXI- 2.66 kWh
Source: IEX
Electrical & Power Review
Trade Zone
Mar
ket
Snap
shot
IEX Non-solar REC Trade Details
Cleared Price (Rs/ REC)
IEX Non Solar REC Trade Details
Nov'14
93,100
4,946,763
93,100
1,500
Dec'14
177,960
5,313,974
177,960
1,500
10
Jan'15
393,081
6,720,193
393,081
1,500
1
6,025,638
345,184
1,500
5,311,670
279,205
1,500
Apr'15
38,481
5,321,693
38,481
1,500
38,481 5,321,693 5,321,693 38,481
93,100 4,946,763 4,946,763 93,100
36,411 4,766,941 4,766,941 36,411
4,342,307
3,949,016
1100 May'14
June'14
July'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
Nov'14
Dec'14
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
Nov'14
Dec'14
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
980,521
345,184 279,205
1,200 1,600 800 1,200 400 800
10 1,000
1,013,725
Feb'15 Mar'15
1,600
Cleared Price (Rs/REC) Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
100 10,000
38,481
1,500
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
38,481
36,411
279,205 279,205 5,311,670 5,311,670 279,205 279,205
4,766,941
345,184 345,184 6,025,638 6,025,638 345,184 345,184
36,411
393,081 393,081 6,720,193 6,720,193 393,081 393,081
Oct'14
177,960 177,960 5,313,974 5,313,974 177,960 177,960
1,000 100,000
93,100
10,000 1,000,000
93,100
1,500 1,500
36,411
15,736 8,994
36,411
3,949,016 4,342,307
4,342,307 8,994
15,736 8,994
8,994
Aug'14 Sep'14
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
Cleared Volume
8,994
100,000 10,000,000
8,994
1,500
3,949,016 15,736
13,609
Sale Bid
15,736
4,241,244
Cleared Volume
IEX Non Solar REC Trade Details
Buy Bid 15,736
13,609
Sale Bid
15,736
July'14
1,000,000
4,241,244
1,50010,000,000
4,241,244 13,609
50,743
13,609
3,166,863
13,609
50,743
13,609
June'14
3,166,863
1,500
50,743
16,142
3,166,863 50,743
3,615,695
50,743
16,142
50,743
May'14
3,615,695
Buy Bid
3,615,695 16,142
Cleared Volume
16,142
Sale Bid
16,142
Buy Bid
16,142
Month
0 400
0 May'14
June'14
July'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
IEX Solar REC Trade Details
Mar'15
39,385
1,013,725
39,385
3,500
Apr'15
6,721
980,521
6,721
3,500
Electrical & Power Review
June'14
July'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
July'14
Aug'14
Sep'14
Oct'14
Nov'14
Dec'14
9,000
9,000 6,000
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
3,000 0 Apr'15 0
1 May'14
June'14
Oct'14
Nov'14
Dec'14
Jan'15
Feb'15
Mar'15
Apr'15
June 2015
57
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
12,000
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
100 1 10 May'14
6,721
980,521
39,385
6,721
6,721
6,721
1,013,725
39,385
26,726
987,764
30,650
30,650
688,581
987,764
688,581
235,972
241,063
187,483
150,091
179,581
26,726
39,385
3,500
26,726
26,726
26,726
987,764
30,650
26,726
30,650
Feb'15
366
3,500
366 235,972
30,650
12,000
6,000 3,000
366
688,581
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
366
30,650
241,063
Jan'15
245
9,300
245
366
Cleared Price (Rs/REC)
Cleared Volume
245
235,972
Sale Bid
245
366
Cleared Volume
187,483
Dec'14
1,000 10
150,091
9,300
367
245
367
241,063
367
245
10,000 100
367
Nov'14
100,000 1,000
179,581
9,300 9,300
498
264 232
469
161,260 187,483
469
264 232
469
Sep'14 Oct'14
1,000,000 10,000
Buy Bid
498
10,000,000 100,000
9,300
498
367
498
150,091
147,026
367
636 147,026
Aug'14
636
10,000,000 9,300 1,000,000 9,300
636
636 498
636
147,026 179,581
178,986
636 498
469 178,986
June'14 July'14
Sale Bid
IEX Solar REC Trade Details
39,385
IEX Solar REC Trade Details Buy Bid
232
9,300
232
469
232
178,986
232
469
161,260
May'14
161,260
Cleared Price (Rs/ REC)
264
Cleared Volume
264
Sale Bid
264
Buy Bid
264
Month
SCOPE SCOPE SCOPE
Measure DC DC resistance resistance of large windings Measure windings Measure DC resistance of large windings quickly && reliably reliably under under live switchyard switchyard quickly quickly & reliably under switchyard conditions on TRM TRM from live SCOPE conditions on from conditions on TRM from SCOPE Faststabilization stabilizationof of current current on on highly inductive inductive Fast Fast stabilization of current on highly inductive windings Motors, Generators & windings ofofMotors, Generators & Transformers ofupto upto 800 kV... kV... & windings of Motors, Generators Transformers of 800 Transformers of upto 800 kV...
Measures upto Measures upto 800 800 milli-ohms milli-ohmsat at25A 25ADC DC High Open Circuit Voltage of 50 V DC Measures 800Voltage milli-ohms High Openupto Circuit of 50atV 25A DC DC Dynamic Testing of OLTC High Open Circuit Dynamic Testing ofVoltage OLTC of 50V DC Models of 10 A also Dynamic of available OLTC Models ofTesting 10A also available Models of 10A also available
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e-mail: marketing@scopetnm.com,
MIT1025 - DC Insulation Tester
FRAX 101 - Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer
OTS100AF - Oil Test Set
DELTA4310 - Capacitor and Tan Delta Test Set
Power DB software (Asset Management Software)
TTR330 - 3-Phase Transformer Turns Ratio
MTO310 - Transformer Ohm-meter
IDAX 300 - Insulation Diagnostic Analyzer (Moisture Measurement in Paper)
Transformer diagnosis made easy About Megger: For over 100 years Megger is the premier provider of electrical test and measuring equipments in Power applications. Creating benchmarks and leading innovations, today Megger is sole provider of wide & diverse product offerings for Power, Industrial Electrical testing and measuring instruments range worldwide.
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Switchgear Testing
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