How to Manage Sports Injuries?
Adriano Vretaros Strength and Conditioning Coach
2018 São Paulo – BRAZIL avretaros@gmail.com
How to Manage Sports Injuries? What are Sports Injuries? “ A ‘sports injury’ can be defined as an injury that occurs during sporting activi-ties or exercise.” (Rolf, 2007)
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Types of Sports Injuries - I Adapted from Marujo, 2014 - Contact and Non-Contact - Acute and Chronic
- Intrinsic
- Extrinsic
- Fatigue, muscle imbalances, etc.
- Equipment, playing field, environment, etc.
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Types of Sports Injuries - II IMPORTANT ASPECTS: - Athlete Level - Type of Sport - Location - Biomechanical Mechanism - Symptoms - Clinical Tests and Exams - Diagnosis - Relevant Research - Treatment - Evaluation of Treatment - Return to Training - Return to Play
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Professionals Involved in Management Sports Physician - Assessment - Indication of Treatment
Sports Physiotherapist - Rehabilitation Health Professionals - Physiologist - Masseur - Chiropractic - Podiatrist - Nutritionist - And Other
Strength and Conditioning Coach - Specific Training - Prevention of Injuries - End Stage of Rehabilitation - Return to Play
How to Manage Sports Injuries? The Scientific Staff Work
Multidisciplinary Team
Interdisciplinary Team
Transdisciplinary Team
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Injury Management Platforms
CORRECTIVE Plataform
PREVENTIVE Platform PREDICTIVE Platform
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Corrective Platform - I
** CYCLE INJURY-CORRECTION **
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Corrective Platform - II
1) URGENT CORRECTIVE PLATFORM:
2) PROGRAMMED CORRECTIVE PLATFORM:
When the severity of the injury involves the athlete IMMEDIATE clearance to reach a DEFINITIVE SOLUTION.
When the injury to the athlete undergoes PERIODIC treatment and/or a surgical intervention is decided in the MEDIUM or LONG TERM.
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Preventive Platform - I SMART TRAINING (Boyle, 2015)
SPORTS PERFORMANCE
PREVENT INJURIES
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Preventive Platform - II EVALUATION TOOLS for Injury Prevention:
- Functional Movement Screen - Y-Balance Test - Star Excursion Balance Test - Isokinetic Evaluation - Global Postural Assessment - Unilateral Vertical Jump Test - Unilateral Horizontal Jump Test - And Other
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Preventive Platform - III Training Loads (internal and external) (Adapted from Gabbett, 2016) Dose-response of loads Loading Thresholds
Relationship Between Acute-Chronic Load
Weekly load increases (up to 10%) ~ 0,6-1,3 High Risk Area would be above or equal to 1.5
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Preventive Platform - IV Training Loads (internal and external) (Adapted from Gabbett, 2016) Train "strong" inappropriately
Train "strong" appropriate
INJURIES
EFFECT NATURAL PROTECTIVE
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Preventive Platform - V ACTION PLAN (Adapted from Parkkari, Kujala & Kannus, 2001) VARIABLES: - Number - Incidence - Temporal Tendency - Consequences (deficiencies, disabilities and costs)
Evaluate EFFECTIVENESS and COST of Preventive Action
SET UP: a) Etiology b) Risk factors c) Injury Mechanisms
Preventive Program
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Preventive Platform - VI RECOVERY RESOURCES: (Bompa & Haff, 2012)
- Cryotherapy - Compressive Clothing - Massage - Hydrotherapy - Hydration - Nutrition - Sleep - Etc
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - I *** What is PREDICTION? ***
“ Affirm With CONVICTION What May Happen in the FUTURE "
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - II
Empiricists
Rationalists
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - III EXPLICIT Knowledge
- Declarative Information - Routines - Procedures - Protocols - Mathematical Expressions -Others
TACIT Knowledge
- Perceptual Skills - Pattern Matching - Workarounds - Judging (?) - Mental Models - Insights - And (???)
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - IV MANIPULATE
GREAT UNCERTAINTY
RANDOMNESS
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - V HOW TO ACT?
UNFORGETTABLE CONTINGENCIES THINK DIFFERENT
MENTALITY “OUTSIDE THE CURVE”
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - IV VI THREE THEORIES:
3) Logarithmic Engineering
1) Heuristic Methodology 2) Black Swan Logic
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - VII HEURISTIC METHODOLOGY (Gingerenzer & Gaissmaier, 2011) "Serve to Discover" FASTER Decision Making
There Are NO RIGID RULES of Direction to Seek Solutions
INTUITIVE FILTER for Analysis
You IGNORE Some of the Information
Discoveries WITHOUT Statistical Calculations of a Higher Level of Complexity ECOLOGICAL RATIONALITY
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - VIII HEURISTIC Focused on the Sporting Environment (Adapted from Jovanovic, 2017) RISK
ASSURANCE
Predictable Results
Knowledge
UNCERTAINTY Unpredictable Results
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - IX BLACK SWAN LOGIC (Adapted from Taleb, 2015)
ANTIKNOWLEDGE
Forecast ERRORS of Magnitude Often NOT SCALED
CAUSAL CHAINS
RANDOM EVENTS
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - X BLACK SWAN LOGIC (Adapted from Taleb, 2015) DECREASE the Probability of Surprises:
3) Overvaluation of Factual Information
1) Illusion of the Understanding 2) Retrospective Distortion
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - XI THOUGHT: (Taleb, 2015)
Non-linear SPECULATIONS
ILLOGICAL Real-life Problems
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - XII LOGARITHMIC ENGINEERING:
PREDICTION MODEL (Douetteau, 2017) Decision Tree Linear Regression Random Forest Logistic Regression
Gradient Boosting
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (Cruz, 2010) Neural Networks
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - XIII LOGARITHMIC ENGINEERING: POLYNOMIAL CURVES TABLE (Blanch & Gabbett, 2016)
(R² = 0.53)
Create a SPECIFIC logarithmic BY SPORT RECURRENCE of the same injury
NEW INJURY UNKNOWN RISK
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - XIV JUNCTION OF THREE THEORIES
Heuristic Methodology
+
Logarithmic Engineering
+
Complexity MULTIFACTORIAL
Black Swan Logic
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Predictive Platform - XV 1) Heuristic Methodology
2) Logarithmic Engineering 3) Black Swan Logic
FORMULATE Hypotheses and Probabilities PREDICT Sports Injuries
How to Manage Sports Injuries? Sports Injury Management CORRECTIVE Platform
PREVENTIVE Plataform
Secondary and/or Tertiary Resource
PRIMARY Resource
Only employed in typical emergency situations or specific cases such as congenital injuries, etc.
Try to solve possible variables in a way that prevents the onset and recurrence of the injury.
PREDITIVE Platform
Primary Resource COMPLEMENTARY to the preventive platform
Speculate through conventional and unconventional information and to anticipate situations randomly.