Specific Conditioning for Basketball
Adriano Vretaros Strength and Conditioning Coach
2019 São Paulo – BRAZIL avretaros@gmail.com
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - I
●
Team Sport ●
● ● ●
Acyclic
Contact Sport
Intermittent Nature Open Motor Activity
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - II ● ●
4 periods of 10 minutes each ●
●
Game – NBA:
4 periods of 12 minutes each ●
●
Game - FIBA:
TOTAL Real Time:
~ 68-70 minutes (McInnes et al, 1995) ●
~ 63 minutes (Cometti, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - III ● ● ●
MATCH:
5 players vs. 5 players
Positions: 1)- Point Guard 2)- Shooting Guard 3)- Small Forward 4)- Power Forward 5)- Center
01 02 05 04
03
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - IV Body Size
General Positions
Position Number
Smalls
Guards
01
Point Guard
Ball control, Coordinating the offence
02
Off Guard \ Shooting Guard
Distance shooting
03
Small Forward
Mixture of distance and close-range shooting,
04
Power Forward
Aggressive play close in to the basket
Smalls Smalls
Forwards
Bigs Bigs
Center
05
â—?
Specific MPositions
Center
Main Responsibility
Close-range shooting on offence; coordinating the team’s defence
(Adapted from Drinkwater et al, 2008)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - V â—?
MOVEMENTS: 1) Running;
2) Jogging; 3) Walking; 4) Standing; 5) Lateral Displacements; 6) Turning; 7) Sprinting; 8) Jumping; 9) Landing
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - VI â—?
SPECIFIC SKILLS: 1) Passing;
2) Dribling; 3) Shooting; 4) Rebouding; 5) Assistance; 6) Blocking; 7) Marking; 8) Cutting; 9) Pivoting
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Characteristics - VII
â—?
DISPLACEMENTS: 1)- Cyclic
2)- Acyclic (Changes of direction) 3)- With Ball 4)- Without Ball
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Playing Field - I
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Playing Field - II ●
DIMENSIONS:
1)- NBA: 28,7 x 15,2 m 2)- FIBA: 28,0 x 15,0 m ●
Court AREA – NBA= 436,24m² ●
Court AREA – FIBA= 420m²
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Bioenergetic Systems ATP-PC: 20% Anaerobic Lactic: 20% Aerobic: 60% Kraemer et al, 2015
ATP-PC: 85% Anaerobic Lactic: 15% Aerobic: 00% Mathews & Fox, 1986
ATP-PC: 80% Anaerobic Lactic: 10% Aerobic: 10% Bompa & Haff, 2012
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Physiological Demand - I Effort-pause: 1:3,6
(Ben Abdelkrim et al, 2010)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Physiological Demand - II Effort-pause: 1:3,6
High Intensity 11,5% Low Intensity 14,1%
Recovery 63,3%
Moderate Intensity 11,0%
(Adapted from Ben Abdelkrim et al, 2010)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Travelled Distance - I â—? Adult S Males ~ 6,0 - 6,3 Km
Junior Males ~ 7,5 Km
Elite Females ~ 5,5 – 7,0 Km
Junior Females ~ 5,5 Km
(Adapted from Taylor et al, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Travelled Distance - II ●
S
Sprints per Match: 18 - 105 SPRINTING: - Elite Males: 70 – 94 m - Sub-Elite Males: 952–1329 m - Junior Males: 763 m - Elite Females: 925 m (Adapted from Taylor et al, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Travelled Distance - III ●
S
SPRINTING: Total Game Time: 2 – 6% Totaling: 0 – 136 s Duration: 0,5 – 2,4 s 3,9 – 9,5 m (Adapted from Taylor et al, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Anthropometric Profile - I â—?
IMPORTANCE:
1)- Tactical Position 2)- Individual Players 3)- Competition Level 4)- Sex 5)- Game Style 6)- Skills Performance 7)- And other
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Anthropometric Profile - II ●
FEMALE Basketball Players
Point Guard
Height: ~166,0 – 178,0 cm
Body Mass: ~65,0 – 73,0 Kg
Shooting Guard
Height: ~166,0 – 178,0 cm
Body Mass: ~65,0 – 77,0 Kg
Small Forward
Height: ~174,0 – 182,0 cm
Body Mass: ~70,0 – 79,0 Kg
Power Forward
Height: ~177,0 – 181,0 cm
Body Mass: ~72,0 – 81,0 Kg
Center
Height: ~180,0 – 190,0cm
Body Mass: ~75,0 – 84,0 Kg
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Anthropometric Profile - III ●
Point Guard Shooting Guard Small Forward Power Forward Center
MALE Basketball Players Height: ~180,0 – 188,0 cm Height: ~185,0 – 192,0 cm Height: ~194,0 – 200,0 cm Height: ~188,0 – 198,0 cm
Height: ~200,0 – 210,0 cm
Body Mass: ~70,0 – 86,0 Kg Body Mass: ~80,0 – 91,0 Kg Body Mass: ~84,0 – 105,0 Kg Body Mass: ~82,0 – 100,0 kg Body Mass: ~97,0 – 110,0 Kg
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Anthropometric Profile - IV ●
U-15 MALE Basketball Players – SOMATOTYPE
Component
GUARD
FORWARD
CENTER
Endomorph
4.4 ± 1.4
4.8 ± 1.8
4.3 ± 1.1
Mesomorph
5.3 ± 1.1
4.7 ± 1.5
3.7 ± 1.7
Ectomorph
2.4 ± 1.0
2.5 ± 1.5
3.4 ± 0.9
(Adapted from Nikolaidis et al, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Anthropometric Profile – V ●
U-18 MALE Basketball Players – SOMATOTYPE
Component
GUARD
FORWARD
CENTER
Endomorph
3.8 ± 1.4
3.1 ± 1.4
4.2 ± 1.7
Mesomorph
4.1 ± 0.9
3.9 ± 1.5
4.4 ± 1.6
Ectomorph
3.3 ± 1.1
3.6 ± 1.6
2.8 ± 1.6
(Adapted from Nikolaidis et al, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Anthropometric Profile - VI ●
ELITE MALE Basketball Players – SOMATOTYPE
Component
GUARD
FORWARD
CENTER
Endomorph
4.4 ± 1.6
3.1 ± 0.8
3.8 ± 0.8
Mesomorph
4.5 ± 1.4
4.0 ± 0.9
3.3 ± 1.2
Ectomorph
2.4 ± 1.1
3.0 ± 0.6
3.3 ± 1.2
(Adapted from Nikolaidis et al, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Movement Frequency - I
Guards
Centers
Forwards
1103+\-32
1026+\-27
1022+\-45
(Adapted from Abdelkrim et al, 2007)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Movement Frequency - II Number of JUMPS Guards
Centers
Forwards
41,0+\-7,0
49,0+\-3,0
41,0+\-6,0
(Adapted from Abdelkrim et al, 2007)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fitness Assessment - I ●
●
●
Anthropometry: Weight, Height, Wingspan, Body Fat, etc Metabolic Variables: VO2max, RAST, etc Neuromuscular Variables: 1RM SQ, 1RM BP, SJ, CMJ, DJ, UTJ, SLJ, MBT, Isokinetic Testing, etc
●
Speed: 5, 10, 15 and 20m,
●
Agility: Pro-agility, T-test,
●
Flexibility: Goniometric Assessment, etc
●
Movement: FMS, SEBT, YBT, Postural Evaluation, etc (Oliveira, 2014 ; Read et al, 2014 ; Liebenson, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fitness Assessment - II
●
●
●
Dental Evaluation
Medical Injury Evaluation ●
●
Biochemical Tests
Nutrition Evaluation
Medical Cardiac Evaluation ●
And Other
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fitness Assessment - III ●
●
●
Validity Objectivity
Reproductibility
A)- Periodicity B)- Structural Resources C)- Forms of Analysis D)- Staff Resources
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Physical Conditioning GENERAL Physical Preparation
SPECIFIC Physical Preparation
Individualized by Tactical Function
Team Style of Play
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Athletic Condition Technical Domain
Collective
Tactical Domain
Physical Domain
Athletic Condition in Basketball
Individual
Psychological Domain
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Types of Training Technical Tactical
Physical Technical-tactical
Technical-physical Technical-tactical-physical
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Biomotor Capabilities CONDITIONING
COORDINATION
ENDURANCE - ATP-PC - Anaerobic Lactic - Aerobic
TRANSFER TO:
STRENGTH - Anatomical Adaptation - Hypertrophy - Maximal Strength - Power Endurance - Maximal Power SPEED - Reaction - Movement - Displacement
COORDINATIVE
FLEXIBILITY - Mobility - Elasticity AGILITY - Simple - Spatial - Temporal - Universal
- Eye-hand - Eye-foot - Laterality - Anticipatory Timing - Precision
SPECIFIC SKILLS - Ball Control - Passing - Dribbling - Shooting - Rebouding - Jumping - and Others
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - I ANAEROBIC System
ATP-PC (short sprints, jumps, shooting, etc) LACTIC (long sprints, average displacements, etc)
AEROBIC System
Recovery (walking, standing, etc)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - II Metabolic Via
● A Time Stimulation
Effort-pause
ATP-PC
~3-25 seconds
~1:3 – 1:2
Glycolytic
~30 seconds – 3 minutes
~1:2 – 1:1
Aerobic
> 3 minutes
~1:1\2 – 1:1
(Adapted from Forteza, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - III ●
Target Zone for Endurance Training HR Training Zones
Systems
90 – 100% Max HR
Anaerobic Power
80 – 90% Max HR
Anaerobic Endurance
60 – 80% Max HR
Aerobic Endurance
50 – 60% Max HR
Aerobic Base
(Adapted from FIBA, 2015)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - IV Reduced Games â—? S
HR MĂĄx (%)
Lactate (mmol.l-1)
2x2
92+\-5,6
7,8+\-1,2
3x3
88+\-8,4
6,2+\-2,3
5x5
84+\-9,2
4,2+\-1,8
(Castagna et al, 2011)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - V ●
Offensive-played Balls – 3v3 and 5v5 Heart Rate 3v3
Heart Rate 5v5
166.82 +\-10.64
165.0 +\-9.60
VI% 3v3
VI% 5v5
69.89 67.89 +\-16.01 +\-20.20
OPB 3v3
OPB 5v5
26.08 +\-6.36
14.42 +\-5.58
(McCornick et al, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - VI â—?
(Adapted from Marcelino, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Endurance - VII â—?
YoYo IR 1 Test - Brazilian Women's Basketball Team POST
PRE D i s t a n c e (m) Fatigue Index (%)
Fatigue Index (%)
(Adapted from Haddad, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - I ●
Anatomical Adaptation ● ●
Hypertrophy
Maximal Strength ●
●
Power
Power Endurance
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - II
ABSOLUTE Strength
RELATIVE Strength
Moving a External Force (Opponent and\or Ball)
Carrying Bodyweight Acceleration Deceleration Jump Landing
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - III Localized Muscular Endurance
ANATOMICAL ADAPTATION
Primary Work BASKETBALL Adapt tendons, tissues and muscles
Hypertrophy
Primary Work Lean Mass Gain Fast Fibers
Slow Fibers Endurance Modalities
Power-Strength Modalities
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - IV Hypertrophy
- Prolonged exposure to METABOLITES; - Amount of TIME UNDER tension; - FATIGUE; - HORMONAL Aspects; - NUTRITION; - REST; - And other (Adapted from Drinkwater et al, 2005 ; Gentil, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - V MAXIMUM STRENGTH
- Intramuscular Coordination - Intermuscular Coordination - Power (Maximum Maximorum Force)
(Zatsiorsky & Kraemer, 2008 ; Bompa & Haff, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - VI ●
Maximum Strength – U19 – Season: 49 weeks
TESTS
01 Week 00
02 Week 08 After 07 games
03 Week 25 After 15 games
04 Week 39 After 29 games
05 Week 49 After 39 games
1 RM Bench Press (Kg) 1 RM Leg Press (Kg)
81,6 +\-2,1
81,6 +\-15,2
82,7 +\-11,5
85,0 +\-11,5
82,8 +\-7,5
234,0 +\-34,7
237,0 +\-35,0
234,0 +\-24,7
240,3 +\-24,3
248,4 +\-22,9
(Lopes et al, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - VII â—?
Hormonal Responses – n=16 Male Players (U15 - U16)
Testosterone (pg\mL)
T-01 (PRE Training)
T-02 (POST Intensification)
T-03 (POST Tapering)
410,0 +\-147,4
392,0 +\-144,7
390,7 +\-125,5
(Adapted from Miloski, 2015)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - VIII ●
Bilateral Differences in Muscle Architecture – NBA - Part 01
VARIABLES
RIGHT LEG
LEFT LEG
Difference %
Leg Length (cm)
53,3+\-3,1
53,8+\-3,1
1,21+\-1,21
Average (W)
833+\-136
995+\-109
19,5+\-12,9
Peak (W)
1801+\-256
1930+\-134
11,1+\-11,1
Vertical Jump POWER
(Adapted from Mangine et al, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Strength - IX ●
Bilateral Differences in Muscle Architecture – NBA - Part 02
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Muscle Thickness (cm)
Muscle Thickness (cm)
VERSUS
Pennation Angle (°)
Pennation Angle (°)
Fascicle Lenght (cm)
Fascicle Lenght (cm)
Cross Sectional Area (cm²)
Cross Sectional Area (cm²)
Echo Intensity (au)
Echo Intensity (au)
(Adapted from Mangine et al, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Power - I ●
Manifestations in SKILLS: ●
●
Layups; ●
●
Reverse Layups;
Dunks; ●
●
Jumps;
Etc
Rebounds;
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Power - II n=08 Male Professional Players Regression Coefficient: HJ= 6,734 UTJ= -0,254
M E T E R S Horizontal Jump
Unilateral Triple Jump
(Adapted from Moreira et al, 2003)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Power - III ●
YOUTH Male Basketball Players – Plyometric Training
CONTROL
Drill NonRandomization
Drill Randomization
(Adapted from Hernández et al, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Power - IV ●
Electromyostimulation Training (3 times per week)
VARIABLES
PERIOD
Experimental
Control
SJ (cm)
Before
44,8 ± 1,0
44,1 ± 1,8
Week 04
51,0 ± 1,3**
46,1 ± 1,8
Week 08
53,0 ± 2,0**
44,9 ± 0,9
Before
53,0 ± 1,3
51,0 ± 1,3
Week 04
52,8 ± 1,1
52,5 ± 1,6
Week 08
62,2 ± 1,2**
51,9 ± 1,1
CMJ (cm)
** p<0,01
(Adapted from Maffiuletti et al, 2000)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Power Endurance - I â&#x2014;?
Basketball + Handball Players
VARIABLES
n
MEAN (sd)
R
P
CMJ (cm)
18
39,66+\-3,60
0,991
0,0080
VJ 60 sec
18
56,33+\-3,83
0,978
0,0139
VJ 15 sec
18
14,11+\-0,67
0,936
0,0062
VJ 15 sec (cm) VJ 60 sec (cm)
18
34,16+\-3,45
0,993
0,0467
18
25,78+\-2,36
0,988
0,0014
(Adapted from Hespanhol et al, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Power Endurance - II â&#x2014;?
Frontal Plane vs Saggital Plane Plyometrics
Variables
Group
PRE
POST
% Change
CMJ
FP
48.26+\-5.39
50.07+\-5.33
3.8
SP
47.72+\-7.07
52.61+\-9.36
10.3
FP
176.89+\-18.47
187.05+\-14.19
6.0
SP
177.89+\-30.07
191.95+\-29.06
7.9
FP
141.06+\-7.47
154.94+\-13.03
9.8
SP
135.89+\-22.36
143.87+\-25.34
5.9
FP
137.16+\-12.97
153.49+\-6.02
11.9
SP
140.06+\-25.81
142.60+\-32.33
1.8
SLJ
Right LH
Left LH
(Adapted from McCormick et al, 2016)
P
<.0001*
<.0001*
<.0001*
.006*
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - I
●
Reaction (visual, auditory and kinesthetic) ●
Movement (isolated actions) ●
Displacement (spatial)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - II REACTION - React an opponent's dribble - React to a pass - Etc MOVEMENT - Shooting - Pass - Jump -Etc DISPLACEMENT - Sprints - Marking - Etc
SPEED ENDURANCE
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - III Factors Affecting Speed - CNS
- MUSCLES
- PHYSICAL
- Efferent and Afferent Responses
- Strength - Power - Types of Fibers - Viscosity of Fibers - Intra and Intermuscular Coordination - Relaxation - Body Levers - Technical
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - IV SPEED in Basketball
Interaction
NEURAL System
- Technique - Coordination - Maximum Strength - Power - Muscular Elasticity
MUSCULAR System
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - V Basketball Speed Training
Repeated Sprints
Reduced Games
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - VI
- 5m - 10m - 15m - 20m - 25m - 30m (?)
Speed
Acceleration
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - VII ●
Brazilian Women's Basketball Team (27 days of Training) VARIABLES
PRE
POST
∆%
p
Effect Size
Speed 20m
Best Time (s)
3,34 ± 0,22
3,39 ± 0,21
1,49
0,01**
0,23
Speed 20m
Maximum Power (W)
147,8 ± 13,9
139,4 ± 14,3
-5,68
<0,01**
-0,59
** p<0,05
(Adapted from Haddad, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed - VIII â&#x2014;?
n=08 Male Professional Players Speed 30m and T- 40m â&#x20AC;&#x201C; n=08 Professional Male Players
Pearson's Correlation: - S30m= 0,95* -T-40m= 0,95* p<0,05
S E C O N D S Speed 30m
T-40m
(Adapted from Moreira et al, 2003)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Speed Endurance ●
●
Speed Endurance Court Test (COD 140m):
“LOADS with changes in motor patterns that have SPECIFIC CHARACTER”
(Adapted from Moreira, 2002)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Agility - I ●
●
SIMPLE (spatial and temporal certainty and preplanned movement); SPATIAL (spatial uncertainty and preplanned movement); ●
●
TEMPORAL (temporal uncertainty and preplanned movement); UNIVERSAL (total unpredictability and improvised movement)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Agility - II Multi-directional Nature
Advanced Cognitive Strategies
Physiological Capacities Biomechanical Abilities
(Adapted from Wheeler, 2009)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Agility - III T-Test
(Adapted from Hernรกndez et al, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Agility - IV T-Test (s) – Plyometric Training (2 times per week – 07 weeks) PT= Unilateral, Bilateral, Horizontal, Vertical, Lateral, Diagonal, Turning, Backward, Cyclic, and Acyclic Jumps
Non-R R Control Plyometric Plyometric
Group F(2,6)
ANOVA Outcomes
GxT
PRE
12,3 +\- 1,1
12,1 +\-1,1
12,2 +\-0,9
F=0,7
F= 134,8
F=8,2
POST
11,0 +\-1,1 *
10,3 +\-0,7 *
11,5 +\-1,1
P=.5 (0,08)
P<.001 (0,89)
P=.004 (0,51)
(Adapted from Hernández et al, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Flexibility - I ELASTIC Components
ELASTICITY
FLEXIBILITY
MOBILITY
PLASTIC Components (Dantas, 1999 ; Achour Junior, 2004 ; Boyle, 2015)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Coordination Eye-hand
Different Skills
Laterality
Orientation Spatiotemporal
Basketball Coordination
Anticipatory Timing
Multisegments
Different Situations
Precision
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - I MANAGING Injuries CORRECTIVE Platform
PREDICTIVE Platform
PREVENTIVE Platform
(Vretaros, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - II â&#x2014;?
CORRECTIVE Platform: - Cycle Injury-correction; - Urgent decision-making;
- Programmed decision-making
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - III â&#x2014;?
PREVENTIVE Platform: - Plan of Action; - Continuous Monitoring; - Improvement Recurring
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - IV â&#x2014;?
- Heuristic
- Black Swan Logic
- Logarithmic Engineering
PREDICTIVE Platform: - Simple Calculations - Quick Interpretation - Simple Inferences - Different Thought - Avoiding Errors Magnitude Unexpected - Non-Linear Interpretations
- Complex Calculations - Artificial Intelligence (Adapted from Vretaros, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - V EPIDEMIOLOGY
Incidence
Acute Contact Extrinsic Factors
Prevalence
Chronic Non Contact Intrinsic Factors
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - VI 1)- Establish DEGREE of Injury
2)- Check the MECHANISM that Caused the Injury
3)- Preventive Measures
4)- Rehabilitation Protocols
5)- Was the Program EFFECTIVE? (Adapted from Paschoal et al, 2013)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - VII Occurrence
Occurrence Phase
Training or Matches
Pre-Season or Season
Degree of Injury
Determined by the DAMAGES of the STRUCTURES
(Adapted from Gantus & Assumpção, 2002)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - VIII Injuries Season 2002: Brazilian National Basketball Team LOCATION
n
Traumatic Atraumatic
(%)
Lower Limbs
49
21
28
48,0
Medical Clinic
22
--
22
21,6
Chest \ Abdomen Upper Limbs
14
01
13
13,7
14
11
03
13,7
Head
03
03
--
3,0
TOTAL
102
36
66
100,0
(Adapted from Moreira, Gentil &Oliveira, 2003)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - IX Injuries Season 2002: Brazilian National Basketball Team Guard Forward Center
(Adapted from Moreira, Gentil &Oliveira, 2003)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - X â&#x2014;?
Global Postural Re-education 01: - Movements in Basketball: a)- Imbalance Situations
b)- Rotations and Dissociations (scapular and pelvic girdles) c)- One or Both Upper Limbs d)- One-leg or Bipodal Support (Adapted from Borges, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XI â&#x2014;?
Global Postural Re-education 02:
Angle of Hip Joint
(Adapted from Borges, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XII â&#x2014;?
F L E X I B I L I T Y (c m )
Global Postural Re-education 03: Hip Joint
CG - PRE
CG - POST
EG - PRE
(Adapted from Borges, 2006)
EG - POST
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XIII â&#x2014;?
Global Postural Re-education 04: ANGLE of Hip Joint (degrees)
CG - PRE
CG - POST
* (p=0,02 ; n=07)
EG - PRE
(Adapted from Borges, 2006)
EG - POST
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XIV â&#x2014;?
INJURIES: NBA vs. WNBA
NBA
WNBA
702 Athletes
443 Athletes
70420 Total Game Exposures
22980 Total Game Exposures
19,3 per 1000 ae
24,9 per 1000 ae
11,6 per 1000 ae Lower Extremity Injuries
14,6 per 1000 ae Lower Extremity Injuries
(Adapted from Deith et al, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XV â&#x2014;?
INJURIES: NBA vs. WNBA
(Adapted from Deith et al, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XVI â&#x2014;?
FIFA 11+ Protocol in Elite Basketball Players
** p Value: Statistically Significant
(Adapted from Longo et al, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XVII Triceps Surae Injury: â&#x2014;?Accelerated Return to Play n=01 Elite Male Basketball Player Age: 25 years-old *** LEFT CALF *** INJURY MECHANISM: 1)- Jump and turn at 180 degrees; 2)- At landing, his momentum was altered by the opponent; 3)- Ankle forced eccentrically, in dorsiflexion with flexed knee (Adapted from Anloague & Strack, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XVIII Triceps Surae Injury: Accelerated Return to Play VARIABLES
Initial
P-01 (day 13)
P-02 (day 47)
Re-Ass (day 8)
P-03 (day 89)
RTP (day 10)
DIFF
NPRS (0-10)
06
03
0-3
0-3
0-2
0-2
04
Left calf girth, cm (10 cm distal to the superior aspect of tibial tuberosity)
46
45.5
45,0
44,0
44,0
44,0
02
Left calf girth, cm (15 cm distal to the superior aspect of tibial tuberosity)
45,5
45,5
45,25
45,0
45,0
45,0
0,5
AROM: Ankle Dorsiflexion (deg)
-4
-2
02
06
08
10,0
14
MMT: Ankle Plantar Flexion
3+
4-
04
04
04
4,4+
--
MMT: Knee Flexion
4-
04
04
4+
4+
4+\5
--
(Adapted from Anloague & Strack, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Injury Prevention - XIX Triceps Surae Injury: Accelerated Return to Play Y BALANCE TEST
Left (PRE)
Left (POST)
Right (PRE)
Right (POST)
DIFF (PRE)
DIFF (POST)
Anterior Stance
66,5
70,0
74,0
75,0
-7,5
-5,0
Posteromedial Stance
116,5
121,0
122,0
122,0
-5,5
-1,0
Posterolateral Stance
118,0
116,0
119,0
117,0
-1,0
-1,0
Composite
84,31
88,06
88,24
90,07
-3,93
-2,01
(Adapted from Anloague & Strack, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fatigue - I PERIFERIC: Neuromuscular
PERIFERIC: Cardiovascular
Fatigue in Basketball Basketbal
PERIFERIC: Metabolic
CENTRAL: CNS
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fatigue - II VISIBLE Fatigue
HIDDEN Fatigue
RISK OF Overreaching Non-functional
RISK OF Overtraining
(Adapted from Platonov, 2008)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fatigue - III Physiological
Biochemists
SYMPTOMS
Psychological
Immunological
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fatigue - IV Expert (n=10) versus Novice (n=10) AAHPERD Basketball Passing Test
A
C B
START
E D
TESTER
(Adapted from Lyons et al, 2006)
F
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fatigue - V VARIABLES
Minimum Maximum
MEAN
SEM
Score (REST) EXPERT Players
40,00
58,00
48,90
2,11
Score (REST) NOVICE Players
40,00
59,00
50,60
1,75
Score (70%) EXPERT Players
38,00
56,00
48,30
1,86
Score (70%) NOVICE Players
36,00
58,00
46,20
1,87
Score (90%) EXPERT Players
34,00
54,00
43,60
2.12
Score (90%) NOVICE Players
31,00
48,00
39,70
1,38
(Adapted Lyons et al, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Fatigue - VI VARIABLES
Minimum Maximum
MEAN
SEM
Change from rest (Δ) to 70% EXPERT Players
-4.00
6.00
0.60
1.00
Change from rest (Δ) to 70% NOVICE Player
1.00
10.00
4.40
0.87
Change from rest (Δ) to 90% EXPERT Players
1.00
14.00
5.30
1.24
Change from rest (Δ) to 90% NOVICE Players
4.00
17.00
10.90
1.22
(Adapted from Lyons et al, 2006)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Detraining - I Body Composition
Maximum Strength
DETRAINING in Basketball
Agility
VO2max
1)- ??? 2)- ??? 3)- ???
Speed
Power
(Alvero et al, 2017 ; Fathi et al, 2018 ; Stergios et al, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Detraining - II ●
n=14 Professional Players – 15 - 20 days in Detraining
Functions
Body Fat (%)
VO2max (ml\kg\min)
HR max (bpm)
Speed (km\h)
PF + C
10,28+\-1,62
51,54+\-4,14
198,86+\-6,22
14,00+\-0,53
Δ%
31,91
10,42
-5,08
7,14
SG
13,56+\-3,61 **
56,91+\-3,98
188,75+\-8,64
15,00+\-0,71
Δ%
-46,31
5,24
2,52
0
PG
7,28+\-0,57
59,89+\-0,55
193,50+\-1,50
15,00+\-1,00
Δ%
-29,18
0,55
-2,70
7,14
**p<0,05
(Adapted from Oliveira & Navarro, 2007)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Nutrition - I â&#x2014;?
n=13 Youth Female Player - Food Consumption
Variables
Mean
DRI Adequacy (%)
Protein (gram\day) Carbohydrates (gram\day) Lipids (gram\day) Kcal\day
50,97
138,42
190,54
--
57,88
--
1398,63
63,19
(Adapted from Rosaneli & Donin, 2007)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Nutrition - II ●
n=47 Referees - Brazilian Basketball League Food Consumption
SEX
CHO (g\day)
% TCV
Protein (g\day)
% TCV
Lipids (g\day)
% TCV
Female (n=09)
231,4 ±73,3
45,58 ±9,4
85,2 ±37,0
16,48 ±3,9
84,3 ±33,3
37,74 ±10,5
Male (n=38)
285,84 ±118,7
39,39 +10,4
173,0 ±89,4
23,29 ±8,3
122,7 ±55,2
37,27 ±8,1
(Adapted from Bosko et al, 2009)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Nutrition - III â&#x2014;?
N u m b e r O f A t h l e t e s
n=30 Male Players - Portuguese First Division
Number of Daily Meals (Adapted from Bahut, 2008)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Nutrition - IV n=323 male â&#x2014;?and n=female athletes
Significance: ** p<0,05 **
(Adapted from Fields et al, 2018)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Nutrition - V Dehydration and Gravity of Urine
n=12 Youth Players (15,2+\-0,9 years)
(Adapted from Marcelino et al, 2013)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Nutrition - VI Sweat Rate â&#x2014;?
U
M L \ m i n
Athletes (Adapted from Marcelino et al, 2013)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Biomechanics of Jump Shoot - I ●
n=10 Male Professional
●
10-20 jump shots
●
Shoulder, elbow and wrist
Axes
Segments
Angles
(Adapted from Okazaki et al, 2007)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Biomechanics of Jump Shoot - II â&#x2014;?
S
Preparation
Ball Elevation
Stability
Ball Throwing
(Adapted from Okazaki et al, 2007)
Inertia
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Biomechanics of Jump Shoot - III ●
Ball TRAJECTORY
S
60°
90°
32° 43'
45,7 cm
39,6 cm
24,7 cm
20°
15,6 cm
(Adapted from Miler & Barlett, 1993 ; Okazaki et al, 2007)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Practice Models in the Jump Shoot Performance - I FACTORS:
â&#x2014;?
Q 1)- Angle of Incidence of the Ball in the Basket; 2)- Vertical and Horizontal Velocity of the Ball; 3)- The Angle and Velocity of Throwing the Ball; 4)- The Height of the Throwing; 5)- The Stature of the Player; 6)- The Height of the Jump; 7)- The Player Experience; 8)- The Throwing Distance; 9)- The Previous Displacements; 10)- The Marking of the Opponent; 11)- The Air Resistance; 12)- The Fatigue (Adapted from Silva et al, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Practice Models in the Jump Shoot Performance - II
â&#x2014;?
n=20 Male Basketball Players (14 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 18 years-old)
- MASSIVE Practice
- DISTRIBUTED Practice
- 10-throw test - 15 minutes alternating the mass training of throw and rest of 01 minute every 15 minutes - Re-test of 10 shots - Same process - One-minute break after 10 minutes of training - Re-test of 10 shots
(Adapted from Silva et al, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Practice Models in the Jump Shoot Performance - III
â&#x2014;?
Q
*(p<0,05)
TEST
RE-Test
Massive Practice
TEST
RE-Test
Distributed Practice
(Adapted from Silva et al, 2012)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - I Off-Season Should we periodize or not?
Pre-Season Periodization integrated into the season or isolated periodization?
Season What model of periodization?
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - II MACROcycle (Season, Year, Half Year, 5,4,3 months)
MESOcycle (Month or ?)
MICROcycle (5-10 days)
Training UNIT (Session)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - III Incorporation Control
Recuperative
Competitive
Types of MICROcycle
Ordinary
Shock
Precompetitive
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - IV
Linear
Pendulous
ATR
MODELS
Reverse
Tactic
Blocks
Selective Loads Structural Bells
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - V PHASES Off-Season 01 Off-Season 02
â&#x2014;?
S
FOCUS Learning Movement PreHab Exercises
Off-Season 03 Pre-Season 01
Sport Specific Conditioning Specific Skills and Drills
Pre-Season 02 In Season 01
Training Camp Training to Win
In Season 02 Post Season
Tournament Time Rest and Recovery
TOTAL
Complete Functional Conditioning (Adapted from Sigmon, 2003)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - VI â&#x2014;?
Selective Loads versus Blocks
(Adapted from Oliveira, 2014)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - VII ●
Brazilian Women's Basketball Team – 27 days of training for the Pan American Games Toronto - 2015 MICROcycle - 01
Days
MICROcycle - 02
MICROcycle - 03
Days
(Adapted from Haddad, 2017)
Days
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Periodization - VIII ●
Brazilian Women's Basketball Team – 27 days of training for the Pan American Games Toronto - 2015 TOTAL Week (AU) 6.004
Average Week (AU) 1.001 +\-226,8
Monotony Index
Strain Index
4,41
26.488
MICROcycle 02
6.564
1.094 +\-382,2
2,86
18.786
MICROcycle 03
5.314
1.063 +\-351,8
3,02
16.053
MICROcycle 01
(Adapted from Haddad, 2017)
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Recovery & Regeneration - I ACTIVE Resources
Recovery & Regeneration
PASSIVE Resources
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Recovery & Regeneration - II Nutrition
Cryotherapy
Compression Garment
Sleep
Slowdown Active
Thermotherapy
Hyperoxia Therapy
Acupuncture
Magnetotherapy
Electrostimulation
Cupping Therapy
And More
Specific Conditioning for Basketball Recovery & Regeneration - III ●
n=29 Male Players – 03 day Tournament Competition Line-drill Performance -0,4% (s=1,8)
CHO + Stretching 7,7g.Kg-1.day-1
20m Sprint -0,7% Cold Water Immersion
Line-drill Performance -1,4%, (s=1,7) 20m Sprint -0,5% (s=1,4) Line-drill Performance -1,5% (s=1,7)
11°C (5x1-min intervals) Full Leg Compression Garments 18 mmHg (~18h)
(Adapted from Montgomery et al, 2008)
20m Sprint -3,2 % (s=1,6)