8- pkgrk gwa ns'k dh /kjrh] rq>s dqN vkSj Hkh nwa & jkekorkj R;kxh @MkW- xqjZdksaMk uhjtk

pkgrk gwa ns'k dh /kjrh] rq>s dqN vkSj Hkh nwa & jkekorkj R;kxh

vkneh pkgs rks rd+nhj cny ldrk gS iwjh nqfu;k dh oks rLohj cny ldrk gS vkneh lksp rks ys mldk bjknk D;k gS

(ft+anxh vkSj crk rsjk bjknk D;k gS] jkekorj R;kxh) bu iafDr;ksa ds jpukdkj gSa lqÁfln~/k xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh (17 ekpZ] 1925&12 vÁSy 1985)A mudk tUe eqjknkckn ftys (mŸkj Áns'k) ds dqjdkoyh xzke esa gqvk FkkA mudh ÁkjafHkd f'k{kk 10 lky dh mez esa 'kq: gqbZ FkhA fganh lkfgR; txr esa os ^ihM+k ds xk;d* ds :i esa tkus tkrs gSa] ysfdu os vkLFkk vkSj ftthfo"kk ds dfo Hkh gSa] tks bl nqfu;k dks csgrj cukus ds lius ns[kk djrs FksA jke/kkjh flag fnudj dgrs gSa fd ^^nnZ dh NksVh&lh Vhl] exj] irk ugha] og dgka ls mBrh vkSj dgka tkdj foyhu gks tkrh gSA meax dk ,d erokyk >ksadk tks vkrk rks cM+h ujeh ls gS] exj] lkjh okfVdk ds Hkhrj ,d flgju&lh nkSM+ tkrh gSA fdlh uUgha maxyh dh ,d gYdh&lh pksV iM+rh rks ,d rkj ij gS] fdarq thou&oh.kk ds lkjs rkj ,d lkFk >u>uk mBrs gSaA** (jke/kkjh flag fnudj] Hkwfedk] vkBoka Loj] jkekorkj R;kxh] i`- 6)A th gka] jkekorkj R;kxh dh dforkvksa esa og 'kfDr gS tks ikBdksa ds ‚n; dks >ad`r dj nsrh gSA jkekorkj R;kxh dh dkO; d`fr;ksa esa u;k [+kwu (1953)] vkBoka Loj (1958)] eSa fnYyh gwa (1959)] liuk egd mBs (1965)] xqykc vkSj ccwy ou (1973)] xkrk gqvk nnZ (1982)] ygw ds pkj drjs (1984)] xhr cksyrs gSa (1986] ej.kksijkar Ádkf'kr) vkfn mYys[kuh; gSaA mUgksaus egkdfo dkfynkl jfpr ^es?knwr* dk dkO;kuqokn Hkh fd;k vkSj dfork ds vykok mUgksaus miU;kl (lek/kku vkSj jke >jks[kk)] i= lkfgR; (pfj=ghu ds i=) vkSj dgkfu;ka (jk"V™h; ,drk dh dgkfu;ka) Hkh jphaA lekt (ekfld) vkSj Áxfr (=Sekfld) if=dkvksa dk laiknu Hkh fd;kA

Hkkoqd xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh vR;ar laosnu'khy O;fDr FksA muds xhrksa esa muds thou ds vuqHkoksa dks ns[kk tk ldrk gSA os viuh vuqHkwfr;ksa dks xhrksa esa fijksrs gSaA muds O;fDr :i vkSj dfo :i esa ls fdlh ,d dh mis{kk djds nwljs dks le> gh ugha ldrsA dgus dk vFkZ gS fd nksuksa ,d&nwljs esa bl rjg lekfgr gSa fd ,d ds vHkko esa nwljk vËkwjk yxsxkA muds O;fDrRo ds laca/k esa MkW- 'ksjtax xxZ fy[krs gSa fd ^^igyh eqykdkr esa dfBu&lk yxus okyk O;fDrRo tc [kqy tkrk Fkk] rks cgqr tYnh vkReh; cu tkrk FkkA ckr&ckr ij tqeys dluk] cgqr Ëkhes&/khes eqLdjkrs gq, galuk vkSj os'kHkw"kk esa drbZ lkekU;&lk yxuk R;kxh ds O;fDrRo dks cgqr vlkekU; cukrs FksA** (la- 'ksjtax xxZ] Hkwfedk]

gekjs yksdfÁ; xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh] i`-11)A os ;g Hkh dgrs gSa fd muds dkO; ikB esa Hkh dksbZ fo'ks"k vkd"kZ.k ugha gksrk Fkk] ysfdu mudh dforkvksa vkSj xhrksa esa fufgr Hkkoqdrk] ihM+k vkSj la?k"kZ dh ckuxh vareZu dks >d>ksjus esa leFkZ FkhaA jkekorkj R;kxh ges'kk u, Á;ksx djrs gSaA MkW- fo'oaHkjukFk mik/;k; ;g ekurs gSa fd R;kxh dh dforkvksa esa ekuo ewfrZ eqLdqjkdj mHkjrh gSA os vkxs ;g dgrs gSa fd blds fuekZ.k esa lef"Vewyd u, ekuo

MkW- xqjZedksaMk uhjtk

vflLVsaV ÁksQslj mPp f'k{kk vkSj 'kks/k laLFkku nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh Ápkj lHkk] [kSjrkckn] gSnjkckn & 500004 neerajagkonda@gmail.com

ewY; gSaA (vfr&vk/kqfud fganh dkO; esa ;FkkFkZokn] fo'oaHkjukFk mik/;k;] lekykspd] Qjojh 1959] i`-117)A R;kxh th dg mBrs gSa fd& esjs xhr jgsa thou Hkj dkjkokl Hkksxrs] ysfdu eSa xqejkg Lo.kZ dks viuh d+ye ugha cspwaxk! mDr iafDr;ksa dks i<+rs le; Hkokuh Álkn feJ dh dfork ^th gka gqtwj] eSa xhr csprk gwa* vuk;kl gh Lej.k gks vkbZA mlesa feJ th dgrs gSa & ^th gka gqtwj] eSa xhr csprk gwaA* eSa rjg&rjg ds xhr csprk gwaA@ eSa fdfle&fdfle ds xhr csprk gwaA* dgk tkrk gS fd feJ th us i'pkŸkki Lo:i bu iafDr;ksa dks jpk FkkA lkfgR; dh nqfu;k esa ;g dfork vkRe O;aX; dk mnkgj.k cu xbZA R;kxh th Hkh vkgr gksdj iyVokj ds :i esa fy[kk gS &

lqu yks xhr cspus okys vks lkSnkxj] vks O;kikjh vius Hkjs Hkjs ykspu ls rqeus fdrus xhr fy[ks gSa\ 'kCnksa ds js'keh uewus ns[k fy, vc eky fn[kkvks dksbZ xhr tM+sa gksa rqeus ftl ij rhuksa dyk fn[kkvks ckrsa djrs gq, iou ls rqeus fdrus xhr fy[ks gSa\ jkekorkj R;kxh dks tks ut+nhd ls tkurs gSa] os muds O;fDrRo ds ckjs esa lVhd :i ls dg ldrs gSaA os vD[kM+] rqud fet+kt vkSj LokfHkekuh O;fDr FksA vr% os ;g dgus esa ladksp ugha djrs fd & esjh [+kqf'k;ksa dks pkgs tc ft+ank ej?kV esa nQ+uk nks] ysfdu eSa cnpyu iru dks viuk tue ugha cspwaxkA nhid fcd ldrk gS ftldk varj T;ksfrekZu ugha gS ij vaxkjs dks [+kjhnuk nqfu;k esa vklku ugha gSA jk"V™dfo jke/kkjh flag ^fnudj* ;g Lohdkj djrs gSa fd mUgsa jkekorkj R;kxh ds xhr csgn ilan gSaA ^^mlds jksus] mlds galus] mlds fcndus vkSj fp<+us] ;gka rd fd mlds xoZ esa Hkh ,d vnk gS] tks eu dks

eksg ysrh gSA** (Hkwfedk] vkBoka Loj] jkekorkj R;kxh] i`- 6)A R;kxh dh dforkvksa ij ppkZ djrs gq, fnudj th us rhu ckrksa dh vksj ikBdksa dk /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k gSA fu%lansg ;s ckrsa jkekorkj R;kxh dh dfork dks le>us esa lgk;d fln~/k gksaxh & & egknsoh vkSj cPpu us tks ijaijk pykbZ og turk dks vc Hkh ilan gSA ogh ijaijk uhjt] R;kxh] ohjsaÊ] jkgh vkfn dfo;ksa ds Hkhrj ls viuk Álkj

'kksËkkn'kZ (lanfHkZr ,oa lehf{kr 'kksËk vkys[kksa dh =Sekfld if=dk) o"kZ % 4 vad % 2 ekpZ & ebZ] 2022 RNI- UPHIN/2018/77444 ISSN 2582-1288 dj jgh gSA & cPpu rd fganh xhrksa ds Nan dsoy fganh ds Nan ls yxrs Fks] vc os mnwZ ds ikl igqap jgs gSaA Hkk"kk Hkh bu xhrksa dh fganqLrkuh :i ys jgh gSA dgka gS fganh esa fjokbofyt~e\ ;g rks fjokbofyt~e ds Bhd foijhr pyus okyh /kkjk gSA & rhljh ckr ;g gS fd ftl vksj ls Á;ksxoknh dfo viuk uwru Á;ksx dj jgs gSa] mlh vksj ls bl ih<+h ds vusd uo dfo xhrksa esa viuk varj maMsy jgs gSaA ;g Bhd gS fd u, vkykspdksa us viuh vk'kk Á;ksxokn ls cka/k j[kh gS] fdarq] turk dk Áse vkt Hkh bu xhrksa ij gh cjl jgk gSA (jke/kkjh flag

fnudj] Hkwfedk] vkBoka Loj] jkekorkj R;kxh] i`-6&7)A jkekorkj R;kxh ds xhrksa dks /;ku ls i<+us ij ;g ckr Li"V gksrh gS fd os nqfu;k okyksa dks pqukSrh ns jgs gSaA os lekt ds tfVy ca/kuksa dks rksM+us ds fy, dfVcn~/k gSaA os dgrs gSa & eSa rks rksM+ eksM+ ds ca/ku vius xkao pyk tk≈axk rqe vkd"kZd laca/kksa dk] vkapy cqurs jg tkvksxsA oLrqr% ge lc Áse ds nks i{k & fo;ksx vkSj la;ksx & ds ckjs esa dkQh i<+ pqds gSaA e/;dkyhu dforkvksa esa bu nksuksa :iksa dks ns[k Hkh pqds gSaA ij Áse dk ,d vkSj i{k gS & fo'o 'kkafr dkA ft+anxh ls Áse djus okyk O;fDr ;qn~/k dk fojks/k vo'; djsxk] ysfdu tgka ;qn~/k vfuok;Z gS ogka og t+:j xqgkj yxk,xk] turk dks psrk,xk ;g dgdj fd ^ysfdu ;qn~/k rks vfuok;Z gSA* jkekorkj R;kxh dk laosnu'khy ‚n; ml tu&ekul ds lkFk gS tks lcds fy, vUu iSnk djrk gS] ij [+kqn nks twu jksVh ds fy, dt+Z ds rys nc tkrk gSA ^fdlku fnol* (23 fnlacj) ij fy[kh mudh ,d dfork dk va'k ns[ksa & tqywlksa vkSj ukjksa lsA Án'kZu ;k Ápkjksa ls] u dksbZ ns'k thrk gS] lHkk,a can dj] py [ksr esa ;k dkj[kkuksa esa] flikgh ds fy, diM+s] tokuksa ds fy, jksVh] lHkk,a cu ugha ldrh] yxh gS tku dh ckth] ;g rks oD+r gS dqN dke dj] dqN dke dj I;kjs] fooknksa dks mBkus ls] u dksbZ ns'k thrk gS jkekorkj R;kxh vius vuwBs rsoj vkSj vankt+ ds fy, tkus tkrs gSaA os fujk'kk dh fLFkfr esa Hkh vk'kk dk lapkj djokuk pkgrs gSaA blhfy, dg x, &

ft+anxh vkSj crk rsjk bjknk D;k gS bd gljr Fkh fd vkapy dk eq>s I;kj feys eSaus eaft+y dks ryk'kk eq>s ckt+kj feys jkekorkj R;kxh ds xhrksa esa muds thou&n'kZu dks Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gSA buds vykok fdlh vkSj dfo ;k xhrdkj ;g dgus dk lkgl ugha dj ik;k fd & eq>dks iSnk fd;k lalkj esa nks yk'kksa us vkSj cckZn fd;k d+kSe ds v∏;k'kksa us rsjs nkeu esa cl ekSr ls T+;knk D;k gS ft+anxh vkSj crk rsjk bjknk D;k gS tks Hkh rLohj cukrk gwa fcxM+ tkrh gS ns[krs&ns[krs nqfu;k gh mtM+ tkrh gS esjh d'rh rsjk rwQ+ku ls oknk D;k gS ft+anxh vkSj crk rsjk bjknk D;k gS ^ft+anxh vkSj rwQ+ku* fQ+Ye ds xhr ^ft+anxh vkSj crk rsjk bjknk D;k gS* us jkekorkj R;kxh dh Áfln~f/k esa pkj pkan yxk fn, FksA dgk tkrk gS fd R;kxh us blds ckn fQ+Yeksa ds fy, xhr fy[kuk Lohdkj ugha fd;kA fQÿ rkSaloh dk ;g dFku mYys[kuh; gS fd ^^R;kxh us fQ+Yeh nqfu;k dks ,d glhu vkSj fnypLi xhr nsdj rykd+ ns fn;kA dgus yxk] ge 'kk;j gSa HkM+Hkwts ugha gSA vkSj cacbZ dk fQ+Ye LVkj lkSnkxjksa dk LVkj gSA og xqM+] cslu] phuh] ewaxQyh vkSj 'kk;jh lcdks ekdsZV dk eky le>rs gSaA eSa

vc dHkh m/kj dk #[+k ugha d:axkA** (la- 'ksjtax xxZ] gekjs yksdfÁ; xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh] i`- 7) dgus dh t+:jr ugha fd nnZ fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks bl rjg ekatrk gS fd og vkSjksa ds nq%[k&nnZ dks le>us esa leFkZ gks tkrk gSA bruk gh ugha] mls mudh ihM+k ds lkeus viuh ihM+k cgqr NksVh ut+j vkrh gS& gkjs Fkds eqlkfQ+j ds pj.kksa dks /kksdj ih ysus ls eSaus vdlj ;g ns[kk gS esjh Fkdu mrj tkrh gSA dksbZ Bksdj yxh vpkud tc&tc pyk lko/kkuh ls ij csgks'kh esa eaft+y rd tk igqapk gwa vklkuh ls jksus okys ds v/kjksa ij viuh eqjyh /kj nsus ls eSaus vdlj ;g ns[kk gS] esjh r`".kk ej tkrh gSA vkpk;Z {ksepaÊ lqeu us jkekorkj R;kxh dks ^xhrksa ds jktdqekj* dgdj lacksf/kr fd;k gSA lp esa os xhrksa ds jktdqekj gh gSaA mUgksaus u, lekt ds fuekZ.k esa viuh Hkwfedk dks igpku fy;k Fkk & bl lnu esa eSa vdsyk gh fn;k gwa] er cq>kvks! tc feysxh] jks'kuh eq>ls feysxh! ××× eSa tgka /kj nwa d+ne og jktiFk gS] er feVkvks! ikao esjs] ns[kdj nqfu;k pysxh! ××× eSa cgkjksa dk vdsyk oa'k/kj gwa er lq[kkvks! eSa f[kywaxk] rc ubZ cfx;k f[kysxh! jkekorkj R;kxh ds xhrksa ds laca/k esa jes'k xkSM+ dgrs gSa fd ^^R;kxh ds xhr fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k dk foyki u gksdj iwjs lekt dh vkt dh fLFkfr dks ok.kh nsrs gSaA vkSj tks yksx eq>ls lger ugha gSa] muls vR;ar fouez 'kCnksa esa iwNuk pkgrk gwa fd tc og dgrk gS] ^Bksdj lg cksywa ugha bruk eq>s la;e u nks* ;k ^esjs v/kj u de >qyls gSa esjh I;kl u gjfxt+ de gSa* rks D;k og ,d O;fDr ds :i esa cksyrk gS\** (la- 'ksjtax xxZ] gekjs

yksdfÁ; xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh] i`-9)A lp Hkh gS] muds xhr O;fDrxr xkFkk ugha] cfYd ^ft+anxh fuekZ.k dh thou&dFkk gSA* jkekorkj R;kxh ds xhrksa esa ekuo thou ls tqM+s reke vk;keksa dks ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ,d vksj muds xhrksa esa 'kgj dk dksykgy gS rks

'kksËkkn'kZ (lanfHkZr ,oa lehf{kr 'kksËk vkys[kksa dh =Sekfld if=dk) o"kZ % 4 vad % 2 ekpZ & ebZ] 2022 RNI- UPHIN/2018/77444 ISSN 2582-1288 nwljh vksj xkao dh Le`fr;ka & ru cpkus pys Fks fd eu [kks x;k ,d feV~Vh ds ihNs jru [kks x;k ?kj ogh] rqe ogh] eSa ogh] lc ogh vkSj lc dqN gS okrkoj.k [kks x;k ;g 'kgj ik fy;k] og 'kgj ik fy;k xkao dk tks fn;k Fkk opu [kks x;k jkekorkj R;kxh ;g tkurs gSa fd bl lalkj esa euq"; dks Hkh cstku oLrq dh rjg [+kjhnus dh gksM+ yxh gqbZ gSA ,sls esa euq"; dk bZeku Mxexkus yxsxk rks vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha gSA ij R;kxh th dgrs gSa & nwdkuksa esa gksM+ yxh gS bZekuksa dks [+kjhnus dh jsfxLrkuksa us ft+n idM+h mn~;kuksa dks [+kjhnus dh esjs niZ.k dks ;fn laHko gks rks [kaM [kaM dj Mkyks ysfdu eSa ru dh bPNk ij eu dk fu;e ugha cspwaxkA R;kxh th ds xhrksa esa tgka ,d vksj ij&nq%[k dkrjrk gS] euq";rk gS] laosnu'khyrk gS] ogha nwljh vksj muds xhrksa esa vkLFkk vkSj ftthfo"kk gSA dfo dk vkRefo'okl ;g dgus esa ladksp ugha djrk fd& O;FkZ gS djuk [+kq'kken jkLrksa dh dke vius ikao gh vkrs lQ+j esa og u bZ'oj ds mBk, Hkh mBsxk tks Lo;a fxj tk, viuh gh ut+j esa gj ygj dk dj Á.k; Lohdkj tkus dkSu rV ds ikl igqapk tk, R;kxh th dh dforkvksa esa thou la?k"kZ ds lkFk&lkFk Hkz"V ra= ds Áfr foÊksg Hkh eq[kfjr gSA tgka ekuo fojks/kh 'kfDr;ka Ácy gksrh tk jgh gSa ogka xhrdkj csbZeku le; ds lkeus viuk vga ugha cspuk pkgrk vkSj n`<+ ladYi ysrk gS] ;g dgdj fd& esjs liuksa dks lwyh ij yVdk nks rqe cM+h [+kq'kh ls ij eSa csbZeku le; dks viuk vga ugha cspwaxkA ××× lwuh dky dksBkjh esa gh lkjh mez fcrk nwaxk ysfdu fdlh eksg dks vius dfo dk /kje ugha cspwaxkA lekt esa pkjksa vksj O;kIr folaxfr;ksa vkSj foÊwirkvksa dks ns[kdj jkekorkj R;kxh vkÿks'k ls Hkj mBrs gSa vkSj ?kksf"kr djrs gSa & ns'k ds leqÊ esa cwan&cwan Mky nks nq'euksa dks ns'k dh t+ehu ls fudky nks rst+ vkSj Hkkb;ksa rst+ djks vkx dks vkaf/k;ka u lks[k ysa ns'k ds fpjkx dks Hkky ls [kjksap nks L;kg&L;kg nkx+ dks ukp&ukp ;qn~/k esa >we&>we rky nks] nq'euksa dks ns'k dh t+ehu ls fudky nks ekuo eu dh xgu vuqHkwfr;ksa dks xhrksa ds ek/;e ls vfHkO;Dr djus okys jkekorkj R;kxh ftthfo"kk vkSj vkLFkk ds dfo gSaA os vkRefo'okl ds lkFk ekuo thou dks csgrj cukus ds fy, Áfrcn~/k jgs vkSj vkthou ,d ,sls balku dh ryk'k djrs jgs tks& eu lefiZr] ru lefiZr @vkSj ;g thou lefiZrA @pkgrk gwa ns'k dh /kjrh] rq>s dqN vkSj Hkh nwaA dguk gh gksxk fd jkekorkj R;kxh vkLFkk] ftthfo"kk] laosnuk] LokfHkeku] ns'kÁse] ekuoh; xa/k dh I;kl] ewY;] xkao] 'kgj] Áse] fojg] ihM+k] la?k"kZ] :f<+oknh ekufldrk ds Áfr foÊksg vkfn lqanj ekudksa dks xhr&ekyk esa fijksus okys jpukdkj gSaA le>kSrksa ds 'kgj esa jgus ds ckotwn mUgksaus vius vanj xkao dks thfor j[kkA os HkkX; ij ugha] deZ ij fo'okl j[krs gSaA muds vuqlkj ^cukus ds fy, geus Lo;a fdLer cukbZ gS* vkSj bl jkg esa ^foQyrk ek= iwath gS] fujk'kk gh dekbZ gS* rFkk ^tyu ls nksLrh gS* vkSj ^my>uksa ls vk'kukbZ*A mudh yM+kbZ fdlh vkSj ls ugha cfYd vius vfLrRo ls gh gSA mudk dfo eu u fojks/kksa dh fpark djrk gS vkSj u gh ck/kk ds ix ij 'kh'k /kjrk gSA og mu gennks± ls Mjrk gS tks ihB ihNs okj djrk gSA lkQ+ fn[kkbZ nsus okys 'kwyksa ls Hk;Hkhr ugha gS] ij ^Qwyksa dh mRdafBr eqldkuksa ls Mjrk* gSA ^jke ds ru ls feV~Vh ukspdj jko.k dh ewfrZ x<+us okyksa* ls Mjrk gS! ^nnZ rks og vueksy /ku gS] tks lcds HkkX; esa ugha gksrkA* R;kxh th ,sls nnZ dks xys yxkrs gSa tks balku dks balku cuk, j[kus esa lgk;d gksA os ckj&ckj ;g dgrs gSa fd& iwjh rjg VwVs fcuk nq%[k dk et+k vkrk ugha vk/kh rM+i ls xhr Hkh iwjk fy[kk tkrk gSA

lanHkZ xzaFk

1- R;kxh] jkekorkj (1958 ÁFke vko`fŸk)] vkBoka Loj] fnYyh & ›Sad cznlZ ,aM daiuh 2- R;kxh] jkekorkj (1959)] eSa fnYyh gwa] fnYyh & lkfgR; laLFkku 3- R;kxh] jkekorkj (1986)] xhr cksyrs gSa] fnYyh & vkRekjke ,aM lal 4- la- xxZ] 'ksjtax (2006)] gekjs yksdfÁ; xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh] ubZ fnYyh & ok.kh 5- Á- la- 'kekZ] jkefoykl (Qjojh 1959)] lekykspd] n~forh; o"kZ- vad 1- t;iqj

esjk thou

t e r s f j o k t k s a l s v k S j l a L d k j k s a l s esjk ;g thou rks ;qn~/kksa esa chr x;k

thou dks ckaV fn;k nks gh ?kVukvksa esa l k s ; k l a n s g k s a e s a t k x k ' k a d k v k s a e s a

iy ds le>kSrksa esa dy dh fparkvksa esa esjk ;g ;kSou rks o`n~/kksa esa chr x;k n s g k r h b P N k , a ' k g j k s a d k y y p k u k liuksa dh yk'kksa ij phyksa lk eaMjkuk

iatksa esa ?kk;y lk ;g esjk rqrykuk esjk tks cpiu Fkk fxn~/kksa esa chr x;k

[ k a M g j l s ; k j k u k H k h M + k s a l s d r j k u k [+kcjsa pkSjkgksa dh taxy rd igqapkuk

fj'rk QqV ikFkksa esa dqrhZ uks Vdjkuk esjk rks {k.k&{k.k bu ftn~nksa esa chr x;kA