Facade Performance Analysis

FACADE ANALYSIS Batungbakal, Aireen Arc 611 - Professor Greg Otto Fall 2010- Submittal

IN I TIAL ANAL Y S I S

Levels

The Spertus Institute of Jewish Studies selected Krueck & Sexton to design a signature architectural statement about the nature of Jewish culture, light and learning BUILDING DESCRIPTION 10-story, 145,000 square foot structure first LEED-certified building in the city’s Historic Michigan Boulevard District Description o Resembles a shimmering piece of quartz exquisitely inserted into a great stone wall, its faceted, folded facade of glass glinting in the morning sun. o Three divisions were separated from each other by a conventional stack of office floors CONCEPT openness o transparency o hospitality o Its faceted and folded glass façade is an expression of light, both metaphorical and actual o fundamental to Jewish religious and intellectual traditions.

PROGRAM Mixed-use containing: exhibition galleries library 400-seat multi-use auditorium college classrooms administrative offices FACADE SYSTEM o GRID Folded and angled façade composed of 726 individually cut panes of glass in 556 shapes “Through a variety of measures, including high performance lighting, demand based ventilation, and heat recovery, the building achieves a 29% reduction in energy consumption, resulting in over 300 tons of avoided CO2 per year. Water-saving fixtures are used throughout. The quality of the building’s indoor air is ensured by the use of healthy materials, high-efficiency air filtration, and special humidity controls, providing for the well-being of staff, students, and visitors, as well as the long-term preservation of the Institute’s archival treasures.” o Uses a grid to regularize the facade grid in its entirety is warped by the folds o All-glass facade expressed both the diversity and oneness of the organization o Krueck & Sexton continued throughout the job designing every piece of the wall, o California-based ASI was responsible for all the connections and edges o MULLIONS Y-shaped mullion o the curved face of which accommodates the complex geometry of the faceted wall by allowing attached brackets to rotate freely along the horiz. plane o To achieve the vertical changes in plane, almost a third of the 227 aluminum mullions, which are lined up parallel to each other along the jagged floor-slab edges, were either sloped outwards towards the street, or back away from it – no small feat considering the upper part of the curtain wall features heavier mullions with complex curves that cantilever five feet past the property line. o permits attached brackets to rotate freely along the horizontal plane o aluminum frame with built-in stainless steel hooks surrounds each piece of glass. o Serrated brackets, which extend several inches past the face of the Y-mullion, feature an additional saw-tooth saddle to accept the hooks – allowing the assembly to mesh together as the glass slides into position, but locking only after all the glass units and uniform 1¼-inch sealant joints were in place. o insulated, blast-resistant glass weighs almost 1.5 times that of typ.curtain wall glazing o MATERIAL(additional factor in applying for LEED Silver) o the 3/8-inch thick outer layer of glass includes a low-E coating and a white opaque fritted dot screen o to help deflect the sun and improve the thermal performance o unobstructed, east-facing facade also utilizes solar shading o photo censors control dimmable fixtures

Case Study 1 IDENTITY

Spertu s I n s i t ut e o f J e w i s h S t u dies, Chicago

C hicago’s First Green M u s e u m - a w a r d e d a S i l v e r L e v e l L E E D c e r t i f i c a t i o n f r o m U S G B C C lient: Spertus Institute o f J e w i s h S t u d i e s A r chitect: Krueck & Sex t o n A r c h i t e c t s G ross square footage: 1 4 5 , 0 0 0 T otal construction cost: $ 4 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 D ate completed: Dece m b e r 2 0 0 7 - 2 0 0 8

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LEED

o light harvesting” o heat recovery systems o low-tech ideas (e.g. bike racks) o green roof that reducing energy consumption Source: http://archrecord.construction.com/tech/techBriefs/0805dignews-1.asp http://gest4lt.com/spertus-institute-krueck-sexton-architects/ http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/portfolio/archives/0805spertus-1.asp http://archidose.blogspot.com/2008/08/ae7-folded-glass-facades.html

DESCRIPTION o more than 53,000 m² and consists of office space, conference facilities, a national meeting centre, a communications centre, and the Future Center for the Department of Public Works o Vides, atriums, conservatories, and inner gardens furnish the transparent new construction with an unprecedented spatial quality, and are also important for the orientation of the staff and visitors o Many of the working areas have been designed as flexible workstations o thermically active floors o conservatories also work as climate buffers and the artificial lighting adjusts itself automatically to the colour and intensity of the incidence of daylight PROGRAM o The programme covers more than 53,000 sq m and consists of office space, conference facilities, a national meeting centre, a communications centre, and the Future Center for the Department of Public Works.

CONCEPT o Vides, atriums, conservatories, and inner gardens furnish the transparent new construction with an unprecedented spatial quality, and are also important for the orientation of the staff and visitors. o Much attention has been devoted to realizing perfect equilibrium between low energy consumption and an optimum working climate. For this purpose, an ingenious climate concept has been developed which makes use of thermically active floors, among other methods.

FACADE o innovative second-skin façade of open-weave, teflon-coated glass fibre that o offers all-round protection against the wind and makes it possible to work with open windows, even on the top floors o staff enjoy great freedom in regulating their own interior climate o received the Daylight Award 2008 for its optimal equilibrium between the use of daylight, artificial lighting and other architectural aspects o The design and building processes at cepezed are also integrated: the use of prefab components and the application of industrial building methods guarantee an optimum alignment of design and realization, in which time, quality, and costs are meticulously planned and controlled - SECOND SKIN o Second-skin façade of teflon-coated and openweave fibreglass textile, specially developed for the renovation of the Westraven office block in Utrecht. o textile functions as a sunblind without simultaneously impeding its views

Ca s e S t u d y 2 IN N O V A T I O N

Westr a v e n O ff i c e C o m p l e x r e novated and reorgan i z e d

Source: http://modern-arki.blogspot.com/2009/03/westraven-office-complex-receives.html http://architectafrica.com/Westraven http://www.cepezed.nl/en/projects/58-textiele-tweedehuidfa%C3%A7ade

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FACADE o The aluminium mesh was originally developed in the United Kingdom as a means of reinforcing roads. o The façade is shrouded in 3,270 square metres of expanded aluminium, and is the first time this medium has been employed in the United States. o The building is expressed as a series of six asymetrically stacked aluminium-clad boxes which are shifted off centre, the inspiration being the traditional set-backs exhibited by some of the city's earlier skyscrapers. o 60,000-square-foot museum was built on a $50 million budget.

DESIGN o stacked box design allows for skylights to bring diffused light into the spaces of the museum o glass facade to the lobby connect the museum to its surrounding environment o museum’s spaces vary in scale and feel so that exploring the art becomes a journey “For SANAA the challenge was to reconcile the client’s spatial requirements and New York’s building code on a site just over 20 metres in width, wedged in between the neighbouring buildings. These considerations called for a vertical building and led to the concept of stacked boxes. From the entry level, which consists of the ticket zone, a bookshop, a cafe and a small exhibition space at the back, one may proceed to the auditorium below or to the three storeys of galleries above. The education centre comes next, followed by the administration area, a multi-purpose hall with terraces providing a splendid view of downtown New York. Above the top floor, which houses the technical equipment, is the obligatory water tank. The stacked-box concept with its slightly trapezoidal plans offers a number of advantages. On the one hand, it makes it possible to insert a building of considerable height into the low-rise environment; on the other, it ensures that the different types of spaces within are also legible in the facade. Because the floors gradually step back, there is room for skylights on the three levels containing exhibition space. The design employs fluorescent lighting, but daylight also enters from different directions through the skylights: on the first floor in the west and north, above it in the west and east, and in the uppermost gallery, in the south. Each level of the museum – which has in fact always functioned more like a Kunsthalle – is different; on the lower gallery level the elevator and stair core are in the middle of the room, while on the level above they are on the side. The heights of the spaces vary as well. And the steel frame construction is not – as in many of today’s buildings – clad in gypsum board, but is clearly recognizable in the ceiling. The New Museum’s facades are sheathed in expanded aluminium. Depending on the angle of the light and the viewer’s distance from the building, the perception of it varies. From far away, it sometimes brings to mind a mirage, as if the construction workers had failed to take down their fabric-covered scaffolding.”

Ca s e S t u d y 3 IN N O V A T I O N

The N e w M u s e u m o f C o n t e m porary Art A r chitect: SANAA - Kaz u y o S e j i m a , R y u e N i s h i z a w a C onstruction type: high - r i s e F acade material: alumi n u m F acade s ystem: curtain w a l l

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Sources: http://www.neublack.com/art-design/the-new-museum-of-contemporary-art/ http://www.bbsc303.com/blog09/2009_03_01_archive.html http://www.detail.de/rw_6_Plus_Galerie_En_HoleFotosNachKategorie_New%20 Museum%20of%20Contemporary%20Art_Kat.htm

Batungbakal, Aireen

PROGRAM o community-scaled facility, a public library / resource centre, flexible and specialist community space and childcare o ‘environmental-atrium’ that rises in a prismatic spire-like form to clearly identify the new building and public place o series of crystal-like, triangular, tampering airshafts that draw-in, clean and passively cool out-side air o series of crystal-like, triangular, tampering airshafts that draw-in, clean and passively cool out-side air o Natural daylight is filtered through these glass shafts and gardens deep into the interiors. The array of environmental initiatives intrinsic to the design, also include thermal labyrinth for passive filtering and tempering of the air, solar tracking timber louvre systems, automated fabric shading, mixed mode ventilation, extensive photovoltaic array, geothermal cooling bores, green roof, rainwater collection and recycling, sustainable material selection o Building includes: o use of planting together with a thermal labyrinth for passive filtering and tempering of air o incorporation of extensive natural light o solar-tracking timber louvre systems o automated fabric shading o mixed mode ventilation o extensive photovoltaic array o geothermal cooling bores o green roof o rainwater collection o recycling sustainable material selection

Ca s e S t u d y 4 IN N O V A T I O N

Surry H i l l s L i b r a r y a n d C o m m unity Centre A r chitects: Francis-Jone s M o r e h e n T h o r p L ocation: Surry Hills, Ne w S o u t h W a l e s , A u s t r a l i a S t ructural & Façade Eng i n e e r i n g : T a y l o r T h o m s o n W h i t t i n g B uilder: WBHO Pro Build P r oject A rea: 2,497 sqm + 7 7 0 s q m o f l a n d s c a p e P r oject Year: 2007-2009

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Sources: - http://www.topboxdesign.com/surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-by-fjmt-australia/ - http://www.topboxdesign.com/surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-by-fjmt-australia/ surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-natural-daylight-to-interior-and-plant-glass-facade/ - http://blog.larevolucion.com.au/category/architecture/page/2/

Ca s e S t u d y 4 IN N O V A T I O N

Surry H i l l s L i b r a r y a n d C o m m unity Centre A r chitects: Francis-Jone s M o r e h e n T h o r p L ocation: Surry Hills, Ne w S o u t h W a l e s , A u s t r a l i a S t ructural & Faรงade Eng i n e e r i n g : T a y l o r T h o m s o n W h i t t i n g B uilder: WBHO Pro Build P r oject A rea: 2,497 sqm + 7 7 0 s q m o f l a n d s c a p e P r oject Year: 2007-2009

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Sources: - http://www.topboxdesign.com/surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-by-fjmt-australia/ - http://www.topboxdesign.com/surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-by-fjmt-australia/ surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-natural-daylight-to-interior-and-plant-glass-facade/ - http://blog.larevolucion.com.au/category/architecture/page/2/

DA YLIGHT AN A L Y S I S

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Levels

DE SIGN + PER F O R M A N C E

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Levels

A NALYSIS 9 AM

Sun Path Diagram

ECOTECT & REVITcomparison 12 PM

4 PM REVIT MODEL

WINTER WINTER

SUMMER

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SUMMER

Fabric or Film Absorbs Heat while providing degrees of privacy

WINTER [Jan]

[Mar/Sept]

SUMMER [Jul]

Operable Sun Shade [Light Shelf]

Maintained View Bencore or SmartLouvre Panels Dispersed Lighting

Ventilation Outlet Operable Sliding Panel [pop-up pockets]

SCALE: 1/4” =1’- 0”

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VISIBILITY

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C omp onents

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examples

F o r p e r s pective of facade assembly

a X o Assembly

kit-of-parts

Interior Panel

range from: Bencore honeycomb panel Louvre panels (e.g. SmartLouvre)

Floor-to-floor connection integrated wth swagless fork terminal Diagrid Hightex material

range (depending on elevation):

ETFE PVC PFTE

Swagless Fork Terminal System (cable structure) Spider connections Exterior Glazing Sliding Panels Slide outwards to allow ventilation

Operable Panel System

Fins unfolds from top portion Frame and Hinge (e.g. Solarlux )

M ACRO

Section Interior Glaze SmartLouvre panel Shutter grip

I n terior Glaz e / F a c e t

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Swagless Fork Terminal Cable StrandSecured Bolt Angled Socket connection Glazed Plate Spider Connection Gusset Plate Metal edge plate for fabric Single glass grip Net Clips Open socket

F l o o r t o floor connection

M ACRO Swagless Fork Terminal Cable strandSecured Bolt Angled Socket connection Track System Glazed Plate Spider Connection Gusset Plate Bridge socket Cable crossing clamp Fabric Metal edge plate for fabric Single glass grip Welded Fork Terminals Net Clips Open socket

F abric Con n e c t i o n s

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Section

M ACRO Swagless Fork Terminal Cable Angled Socket connection Track System Glazed Plate Spider Connection Gusset Plate Bridge socket Cable crossing clamp Fabric Metal edge plate for fabric Single glass grip Open socket

O perable G l a z i n g S y s t e m

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Section

VA RIANCE

Facade Types

Sliding Panel System (rhythm) Bencore Honeycomb panel Louvre -sandwiched panels

Type I

Operable Fin Panel (Shelving) Sliding Panel System Ext. Glazing Tensile Fabric Int. Glazing Bencore fitted panel

Type II Operable Fin Panel Ext. Glazing Tensile Fabric Int. Glazing Louvre-sandwiched panels

Type II Type II