Detailed Project Report for Municipal Solid Waste Management Collection & Transportation for Nagar Palika Parishad Maharajganj
CHAPTER 4: EXISTING SWM SCENARIO IN THE TOWN
M
unicipal solid waste management is an obligatory function of the urban local bodies in India. As per the definition provided by the Solid Waste Management Rules,2016 of Government of India, Municipal solid waste (MSW) includes commercial and residential wastes generated in municipal or notified areas in either solid or semi-solid form excluding industrial hazardous wastes but including treated bio-medical wastes. With growing population and increasing waste generation, solid waste management has become a major environmental issue. ULBs across India face similar challenges in handling and disposal of municipal solid waste: lack of adequate financial and human resources, poor technology and lack of public participation to list a few. Processing and treatment of waste is not practiced, and final disposal is being made unscientifically in dumpsites, posing threats of ground and surface water contamination and air pollution. Existing solid waste management system of Maharajganj is presented in this section.
SOURCES OF WASTE GENERATION Based on outcome of the discussions and incorporation of various viewpoints of the officials, Project team identified major problematic areas related to waste generation & its management. After detailed discussions and understanding of the ground realities, the major sources of waste generation has been identified. This exercise was carried out to get the focus points of waste generation & its management. The major waste generating sources in NPP are residential, commercial, institutional, market etc. Based on the information received from Maharajganj Nagar Palika Parishad, total municipal solid waste generation in the town is 87.5 MT per day taking 250 gm per capita per day (gpcd). Quantity of waste has been calculated by Nagar Palika officials in the year 2019 - 2020. Two methods have been considered while calculating the solid waste, one was weighing of tractors carrying waste to the dumpsite and another was multiplication of 2011 population with 305 gm of waste per capita per day (CPHEEO manual). Different waste generation sources are briefed out in the following section.
RESIDENTIAL AREA The major land use in the study area is residential and comprises of about 11804 households with a total population of 59020 as per census of India, 2011. Major portion of the waste is generated by residential area only. As informed by the NPP officials, waste generated from outgrowth areas also adds up to total waste from residential area.
COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS Marketing has been the prime function of the central places of the town by which they not only serve their inhabitants but also integrate the people of the region within the town. Area of interrelationship between a town and its region extends generally as per the commercial base and capacity of a town. Thus, commercial activities in most of the town make the essential part of its land use and a town can seldom exist without performing commercial activities. The town has many small restaurants and eateries shop. There are more street vendors lying on the main road leading to high congestion. Apart from formal market area, there are various informal street vendors within
