WORKFORCE SERIES 25 € in Spain ISBN: 978-84-616-9676-5
Independent magazine of architecture+technology Free of advertising / Autumn 2014 issue 44 Revista independiente de arquitectura+tecnología No contiene publicidad / Otoño 2014 número 44
a+t architecture publishers www.aplust.net
WORKFORCE A BETTER PLACE TO WORK 2
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WORKFORCE A BETTER PLACE TO WORK 2
IENE PUBLICID NT
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Editors Dirección: Aurora Fernández Per, Javier Mozas Graphic Concept Concepto gráfico: Alex S. Ollero Layout and production Maquetación y producción: Delia Argote Managing Coordinación: Idoia Esteban Communication and Press Comunicación y Prensa: Patricia García Editor, English-language version Responsable de la versión en inglés: Ken Mortimer Submissions and subscriptions Redacción y suscripciones General Álava,15 2ºA. 01005 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Spain Tel. +34 945 134276 submission@aplust.net pedidosysuscripciones@aplust.net www.aplust.net Publisher Edita: a+t architecture publishers Printing Impresión: Gráficas Irudi s.l. Depósito Legal VI-683/94 ISSN 1132-6409 ISBN 978-84-616-9676-5 Periodicidad Frecuency: Bianual (Spring and Autumn) Semestral (Primavera y Otoño) Distribution Distribución • Europe, USA, Canada, Australia, Asia Idea Books Nieue Herengracht 11. 1011RK Amsterdam. The Netherlands Tel. +31 20 6226154 Fax +31 20 6209299 idea@ideabooks.nl www.ideabooks.nl • España, Portugal y Latinoamérica a+t architecture publishers General Álava,15 2ºA. 01005 Vitoria-Gasteiz. España Tel.+34 945 134276 pedidosysuscripciones@aplust.net www.aplust.net
This issue has been put together with the collaboration of: Este número ha sido realizado con la colaboración de: • Andrea Oliva (Andrea Oliva) • Tamara Muradova (Archiproba) • Christine Jokerst (Baumschlager Eberle) • Seraina Hermann (Bearth & Deplazes) • Pia Simmendinger, Mireya Sanchez Gomez (E2A) • Josefine Lykke (Henning Larsen Architects) • Anne-Sophie Delaveau (Lan Architecture) • Ute Schneider (KCAP Architects & Planners) • Julia Illmer (Max Dudler) • Veronika Weisner (Gigon / Guyer) • Machteld Schoep (Mecanoo) • Sara Moura Martins (Moura Martins Architects) • Bérangère Clepier (MVRDV) • Peter Smisek (OMA) • Anna van Dorp (Inside Outside) • Aki Lee (O-office Architects) • Luciana Rappo (Park Associati) • John Bezold (Wiel Arets Architects) • Deniz Olcay, Sofia Warren (WORKac) Cover Cubierta: Shenzhen Stock Exchange. OMA. Image Imagen: Inside Outside © a+t architecture publishers No part of this publication, including the cover, may be reproduced or transmitted without the express authorization in writing of the publisher. Ninguna parte de esta publicación puede reproducirse o transmitirse por ningún medio, incluida la cubierta, sin la expresa autorización escrita de la editorial.
WORKFORCE A BETTER PLACE TO WORK 2 CONTENTS SUMARIO ARTICLE ARTÍCULO REDESIGNING THE OFFICE BUILDING Sources of inspiration REDISEÑAR EL EDIFICIO DE OFICINAS Fuentes de inspiración. Texts & drawings by Javier Mozas
4
ELEMENTS:
THE COLUMN
IKTINOS, KALLICRATES, PHIDIAS. VALERIO OLGIATI.
DAVID CHIPPERFIELD ARCHITECTS
6
THE ARCH
UNKNOWN. TOYO ITO.
BEARTH & DEPLAZES
8
QUALITIES:
GRAVITY
LUDWIG HILBERSEIMER. VACCHINI GMÜR.
MAX DUDLER 10
LIGHTNESS MIES VAN DER ROHE. HERZOG & DE MEURON.
MATERIALITY
ALISON AND PETER SMITHSON.
WIEL ARETS ARCHITECTS 14
FORM:
SCULPTING
HENRI SAUVAGE.
MVRDV 16
GIGON/GUYER 12
FLOATING
SKIDMORE, OWINGS AND MERRILL.
OMA 18
GREEN AGENDA: SECLUDING
CLAUDE-NICOLAS LEDOUX.
FOSTER + PARTNERS 22
REMEDIATING
SIOUX TRIBES. STEVE BAER. BUCKMINSTER FULLER. BIG, HEATHERWICK STUDIO 24
CAMOUFLAGING
UNKNOWN.
GEHRY PARTNERS 26
BUDGET:
THE GAME IS OVER
GEHRY PARTNERS 30
OFFICE BUILDINGS: FROM FUNCTION TO MEANING EDIFICIOS DE OFICINAS: DE LA FUNCIÓN AL SIGNIFICADO ANDREA OLIVA
OFFICINE REGGIANE. Reggio Emilia (Italy) 2013
144
ARCHIPROBA
DI_TELEGRAPH. Moscow (Russia) 2014
150
BAUMSCHLAGER EBERLE
2226 BUILDING. Lustenau (Austria) 2013
96
BEARTH & DEPLAZES
ÖKK INSURANCE. Landquart (Switzerland) 2012
88
E2A
FARADAY CAGE. Bubikon (Switzerland) 2012
ERNST BASLER AG HEADQUARTERS. Zürich (Switzerland) 2009 - 2013
62 120
HENNING LARSEN ARCHITECTS
ØSTENSJØVEIEN 27. Olso (Norway) 2013
KCAP Architects&Planners
EUROPAALLEE MASTER PLAN. Zurich (Switzerland) 2003 - today
Lan Architecture
EURAVENIR TOWER. Lille (France) 2014
Max Dudler, Gigon/Guyer, David Chipperfield
EUROPAALLEE 21. Zurich (Switzerland) 2013
Mecanoo
RABOBANK WESTELIJKE MIJNSTREEK ADVICE CENTRE.
Sittard (Netherlands) 2011 - 2014
Moura Martins Architects
REFURBISHMENT OF AN OFFICE BUILDING. Lousada (Portugal) 2014
MVRDV
DNB HEADQUARTERS. Oslo (Norway) 2012
76
MVRDV with North by North West
PUSHED SLAB, Paris (France) 2014
82
OMA
THE NEW HEADQUARTERS FOR THE SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE.
Shenzhen (China) 2013
O-office Architects
SILO-TOP STUDIO. Liwan District, Guangzhou (China) 2013
140
Park Associati
LA SERENISSIMA. Milano (Italy) 2012
114
Wiel Arets Architects
ALLIANZ HEADQUARTERS. Wallisellen (Switzerland) 2014
50
REGIOCENTRALE ZUID. Maasbracht (Netherlands) 2014 56
WORKac
72 102 44 106
68 136
34
WIEDEN+KENNEDY NEW YORK. New York (USA) 2014 128
RELATED INFORMATION INFORMACIÓN RELACIONADA CREDITS CRÉDITOS
154
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REDESIGNING THE OFFICE BUILDING. SOURCES OF INSPIRATION
FORM: FLOATING SKIDMORE, OWINGS AND MERRILL Lever House. New York, 1952 SOURCE PROJECT
Lever House was only allowed to have its tower rise vertically from the base, due to the fact that there was sufficient distance between the building and Park Avenue and that the ground floor was to be converted to a public space with a courtyard with sculptures. A la Lever House se le permitió levantar la torre verticalmente desde su arranque, porque era generosa en su separación de Park Avenue y por la conversión de la planta baja en un espacio público con un patio de esculturas.
This is a dual challenge. Firstly, the challenge to break away from the stepped setback of the 1950s Manhattan buildings and to raise the stock exchange office into the Shenzhen air, showing that the speculative stock market works with shares and equities which are not subject to the laws of gravity. In SSE the high cost of the structural solution was justified by the eagerness to give prominence to form which, due to its differentiation, has managed to bring good financial returns owing to the financial services sector’s voracious appetite for exclusivity. If in Lever House unidirectionality is the driving force behind Modernist progress, in SSE there is a constant yin and yang: interior and exterior, public and private, data and art, aesthetics and function, building and garden, curtain wall and exoskeleton, Modernism and Post-Modernism, asymmetry and symmetry, frontal and diagonal, solidity and weightlessness… *see project in pages 34-43.
Esta es una pareja de desafíos. El desafío de romper con el retranqueo escalonado de los edificios en el Manhattan de los años cincuenta y el de colocar unas oficinas bursátiles en el aire de Shenzhen, después de constatar que el mercado especulativo trabaja con activos que no están sujetos a la ley de la gravedad. En SSE, el mayor coste de la solución estructural se ha justificado por el afán de protagonismo de la forma, que, a través de la diferencia, consigue rentabilizar el apetito de exclusividad de los servicios financieros. Si en Lever House todo está marcado por la unidireccionalidad del progreso moderno, en SSE todo se refiere a un continuo yin-yang: interior y exterior, público y privado, información y arte, estética y función, edificio y jardín, muro-cortina y exo-esqueleto, modernidad y postmodernidad, asimetría y simetría, frontal y diagonal, solidez e ingravidez… *ver el proyecto en páginas 34-43.
OMA* The New Headquarters for the Shenzhen Stock Exchange Shenzhen, 2013 “(...) the base, as if lifted by the same speculative euphoria that drives the market, has crept up the tower to become a raised podium, defying an architectural convention that has survived millennia into modernity: a solid building standing on a solid base.” “(...) la base, levantada por la misma euforia especulativa que maneja el mercado, se ha deslizado subiendo por la torre hasta convertirse en un podio elevado, desafiando a una convención arquitectónica que ha sobrevivido durante siglos y ha llegado hasta la Modernidad: la de un edificio sólido aguantado por una base sólida.” OMA. Shenzhen Stock Exchange
1
OFFICE BUILDINGS FROM FUNCTION TO MEANING EDIFICIOS DE OFICINAS: DE LA FUNCIÓN AL SIGNIFICADO The curtain wall is no longer the dress code for office buildings. The obedient army of tower blocks has broken rank and each individual has adopted their own character. The facade is now a multi-functional envelope, a plane where a battle is raging between environmental, social, cultural and business requirements. The facade is also the last resort which the architect defends as his own, against the inevitable indeterminacy of the interior. The projects covered in this second volume of the Workforce Series come at this point of transformation where the limit line between exterior and interior has become a border between professional competencies. The architects who manage to straddle both domains are building architecture. Others are constructing forms available for occupancy or are designing a skin loaded with meaning, whatever that might be. Alongside them, the repurposing of existing buildings, a silent rear guard, is keeping a pulse on the city. El muro cortina ya no es el uniforme de faena de los edificios de oficina. El obediente ejército de torres de vidrio rompe filas y cada efectivo desarrolla su propio carácter. La fachada es ahora una envolvente multifuncional, un plano en el que se libra la batalla de los requerimientos ambientales, sociales, culturales y empresariales. La fachada es también el último reducto que defiende el arquitecto como propio, frente a la inevitable indeterminación del interior. Los proyectos que forman parte de esta segunda entrega de la Serie Workforce surgen en este momento de transformación en el que el límite entre el exterior y el interior se ha convertido en una frontera entre competencias profesionales. Los autores que consiguen abarcar ambos dominios construyen arquitectura. Otros ejecutan una forma disponible para ser ocupada, o diseñan una piel cargada de significado, cualquiera que este sea. Junto a ellos, el reuso de edificios existentes, un ejército silencioso de retaguardia, mantiene el pulso de la ciudad. Comments on the projects by
AURORA FERNÁNDEZ PER
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INDEX OF PROJECTS ÍNDICE DE PROJECTOS
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
THE NEW HEADQUARTERS FOR THE SHENZHEN STOCK EXCHANGE OMA Shenzhen (China) 2013
34
012
EURAVENIR TOWER Lan Architecture Lille (France) 2014
44
013
ALLIANZ HEADQUARTERS Wiel Arets Architects Wallisellen (Switzerland) 2014
50
014
REGIOCENTRALE ZUID Wiel Arets Architects Maasbracht (Netherlands) 2014
56
015
FARADAY CAGE E2A Bubikon (Switzerland) 2012
62
016
RABOBANK WESTELIJKE MIJNSTREEK ADVICE CENTRE Mecanoo Sittard (Netherlands) 2011 - 2014
68
017
ØSTENSJØVEIEN 27 Henning Larsen Architects Olso (Norway) 2013
72
018
DNB HEADQUARTERS MVRDV Oslo (Norway) 2012
76
019
PUSHED SLAB MVRDV with North by North West Paris (France) 2014
82
020
ÖKK INSURANCE Bearth & Deplazes Landquart (Switzerland) 2012
011
88
2226 BUILDING Baumschlager Eberle Lustenau (Austria) 2013
96
EUROPAALLEE MASTER PLAN KCAP Architects&Planners Zurich (Switzerland) 2003 - today
102
EUROPAALLEE 21 Max Dudler, Gigon/Guyer, David Chipperfield Zurich (Switzerland) 2013
106
LA SERENISSIMA Park Associati Milano (Italy) 2012
114
ERNST BASLER AG HEADQUARTERS E2A Zürich (Switzerland) 2009 - 2013
120
WIEDEN+KENNEDY NEW YORK WORKac New York (USA) 2014
128
REFURBISHMENT OF AN OFFICE BUILDING Moura Martins Architects Lousada (Portugal) 2014
136
SILO-TOP STUDIO O-office Architects Liwan District, Guangzhou (China) 2013
140
OFFICINE REGGIANE Andrea Oliva Reggio Emilia (Italy) 2013
144
DI_TELEGRAPH Archiproba Moscow (Russia) 2014
150
33
WORKFORCE SERIES
016 BELONGS TO PROJECT:
CONTENT
Applying the “archipelago” paradigm to an office Aplicación del paradigma “archipiélago” a una oficina WIEDEN+KENNEDY NEW YORK WORKac New York (USA) 2014
OPEN OFFICE = 245
WORKSTATION = 235 53.5 ft2
PRIVATE OFFICE = 9
WORKSTATION FOR CREATIVE DIRECTORS = 10 64 ft2
PRIVATE OFFICE = 8 120 ft2
ECDs + MD OFFICE = 1 250ft2 + 150ft2 + shared lounge 90ft 2
BAR = 1 450 ft2
KITCHENETTES = 4 200 ft2
THE SHOP = 1 400 ft2 (+ 800 ft2)
WELCOME ! LOBBY = 1 800 ft2
THE LIBRARY = 1 1000 ft2
COIN STAIR = 1 1250 ft2
COMMUNAL SPACES = 10
128
A BETTER PLACE TO WORK 2
The programme for this intervention opts for shared space for 96% of the work stations, most of which have been allocated an average area of 5 m2. The desks are laid out in islands close to the facade and the centre of the floor plan is set aside for the meeting and shared working areas, thereby creating an archipelago of work stations surrounded by circulations. The option to preserve an open floor plan is favoured by the height between slabs which stands at 3.5 m in this industrial building which was built in 1926 and converted to rental space in 2012. The project takes in two and a half floors connected by two representative staircases. A double-height terrace has been carved into the facade.
El programa de esta intervención opta por el espacio compartido para el el 96% de sus puestos de trabajo, la mayoría de los cuales tienen asignado un promedio de 5 m2. Las mesas se agrupan en islas próximas a la fachada y dejan el centro de las plantas para las zonas de encuentro y trabajo común, creando un archipiélago de puestos de trabajo rodeado por circulaciones. La apuesta por mantener la planta abierta se ve favorecida gracias a la altura entre forjados, que corresponde a los 3,5 m de este edificio industrial, construido en 1926 y convertido en espacio de alquiler desde 2012. El proyecto se desarrolla en dos plantas y media, conectadas mediante dos escaleras representativas. En la fachada se excava una terraza de dos alturas.
MEETING SPACES = 30
PHONEBOOTH = 4 25 ft2
OVER-THE-COUNTER = 8 200 ft2
PICNIC-TABLE ROOM = 8 250 ft2
WIDE-N-LONG ROOM = 2 500 ft2
THE LOUNGE = 8 350 ft2
129