ARCH 441 VA MEDICAL CENTER: New Rest and Rehabilitation Center (RRC)
FALL 2015
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Vision
Table of Contents
Project Mission Statement: Bridging the transition from soldier to citizen by creating a home from war. “Wings� of Recovery
Project Goals:
Project Team:
Paula Schuller Mechanical
C.J. Blair Mechanical
Mike Walsh Construction
Grant Gheer Construction
Eman Elshahat Structural
Professor: Nathaniel Belcher
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Cover Page Vision Project Brief Precedents Background Building Evolution Site Plan Floor Plans Room Layout Elevations Sections Renderings Construction Sequence Structural Mechanical Lighting Code Site Logistics Program Comparison Cost Estimate Summary
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Project Brief
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Project Brief
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Precedents
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Background Sun Shading Charts
Winter/Spring (December 21- June 21)
Summer/Fall (June 21- December 21)
Image shows some of the buildings on campus including our building.
Wind blows from the South to the North of the site during the summer days.
Wind blows from the North to the South of the site during the summer days.
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Building Evolution
Our Initial design focused around the idea having a central area that bridged together the different portions of our buildings. We did this to go along with our initial plan of creating a building that offered all the services of a rehabilitation center, without the feeling of being in a rehabilitation center
The next design phase was about how we were going to form each of the different portions of our building to show they served separate purpose but were all part of one building. The pool is a simple shape so that it can serve its purpose while keeping cost to a minimum. Both the therapy and administration buildings were designed with mostly straight walls to simplify designing an efficient office layout. The Residential portion features a curve to maximize outside views for the residents. The central portion works to link together everything for easy accessibility.
After receiving some feedback, as well as continuing to think about overall functionability we made changes to the roof design. The changes concentrated around working better with each of our options. We added skylights to create more natural light, redesigned the roof to a simpler more practical to lower cost, and created the front entrance overhang for convenience. Other changes included adding windows and curtain wall systems
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Once we had the general overall shape established, we worked on more specific details just as roof slopes, how the central space interacted with each different section, and how the building as a whole works with the site.
Our final design included only two major changes. One was the completion of the site in how we diverted surface water around our building by raising up the ground The second was changing the pool roof to better match the residence building. Other smaller modifications were slightly raising and lowering roof heights, adding in additional windows, and incorporating surface finishes
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Site Plan Pictures taken from the actual site show how flat the original area was before we modified the ground around our building. It was also taken into account how close neighboring building were to the existing site in order to create a sense of privacy for residents. South facing views were also taken into account to give the residents the best view possible from their rooms.
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West
East
South
North
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Floor Plans
Key: Residential Private
Roof Plan
Public Pool……… Green Area
Floor 2
This shows the two floor plans and the roof and how our building fits together. The colors show the areas and their main functions.
Floor 1
Building Entry showing how people pull up to the building and how they park.
Axon View of building
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Floor Plans First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
The shape of the building played a huge rule in designing our floor plans for the building. The floor plans show our building as a series of wings, each wing is designated to it’s own function/purpose (Residential, Administrative, Public/Private area, Pool).
Roof Plan
While designing the residential area, we were focused on giving the residents the best and maximum views of the bay and the outdoor nature of the site, which enhanced the residential space to take a curved shape.
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Typical Room Layout
As a requirement of this project, we were asked to have one shared bathroom between two bedrooms, which is shown in the close up picture above.
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This picture above shows the furniture that’s placed in all the patients bedrooms, including a desk, closet, and a chair trying to give them the feeling of a home rather than a hospital feeling.
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Elevations We choose two main materials for the exterior of our building. The first materials we choose was a beige stucco. We also choose a stone faรงade for the residential elevation. This serves two purposes; breaking up the long south wall while also adding architectural appeal to the building.
South Elevation
North Elevation
East Elevation
West Elevation
The elevations show the views of the building depending on where you are on the site. The most dramatic elevations is the south elevation. This shows out dramatic roofs, the building materials, and the glass faรงade of the pool. The north Elevations shows what it would look like to approach the building from the road and campus.
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Building Sections
The building section to the right is a cut through the N-S axis of the building. The section shows the structure of the residential roof as well as the columns and footers supporting the residential portion of the building. This section also shows the building entry and the new topography after backfilling.
The building section below is a cut through the E-W axis of the building. The section mainly shows the tunnel access between the RRTP building and the other on campus building. The tunnel will be used for transferring materials and food to the occupants.
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Residential Section: by Mike
Wall Sections
Pool Section: by Grant
Pool Section: by Eman
Green Space Section: by Paula Public Section: by C.J.
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The building wall sections show the details of how our building will come together. They show the structural materials used to hold up the building and the exterior materials used. The wall sections help to get a feel for the scale of the project as well as the coordination between all the options.
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Exterior Renderings Exterior Renderings are provided to show the building in reference to the surrounding buildings and to the bay, to help understanding the scale and the size of it on site. Furniture and human figures were also indicated to give an easy interpretation of the building’s scale to people.
2. South Green Space
North Isometric
South Isometric
1 Image Map
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2 3. East Green Space 1. North Entrance
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Interior Renderings Interior renderings showing the spaces inside the building, including; the dinner place, reception, lobby (gathering space), patient bedrooms, patient bathrooms, indoor natural space, and kitchenette.
The greenspace to the right shows the interior exterior space that we designed with the patients recovery in mind. The ground is made of synthetic grass and the pathways are made of stamped concrete to make it easy for patients in wheelchairs to get around. Also all of the plants in this space are plotted and easy to maintain.
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Construction Sequence This is the sequence of our building in order from left to right, showing how our steel building will be constructed.
Spread Footings and foundation walls
First Floor Slab
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Steel Columns
Steel Framing
Second Floor Slab
Building Envelope
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Structural Model
As shown on the structural plan, the columns are oriented in the strong axis direction to best resist lateral loads such as wind, which presents a high force on the building due to the exposure category of the building.
A steel structural system was preferred to be used in this project due to: 1. A limited budget. 2. Not too heavy on the soil as concrete would be. 3. Won’t be affected by the humidity and moisture in the air caused by the bay as other materials.
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Mechanical Ducted Heat Pump Specialized low-profile and subtle piece of equipment that is used for individualized control in residential area and zone control in the office, exam and conference rooms. Mitsubishi PEAD series yields the best system to use with ductwork. Able to heat or cool a given space based on occupant settings. Closed loop due to the salinity of air near bay. When designing our building we also considered acoustics. Our mechanical equipment sits directly above the residential area. One way we stopped any noise transfer was through a structural frame acoustical base for all the equipment. The next measure we took was to increase the floor STC to 56 to further prevent any sound transfer between floors.
Pool System – Dectron and Enthalpy Recovery Wheel
Devoted Mechanical Suite – 3rd Floor Grills installed on the sides for airflow to the AHUs and Cooling Tower. Redundancy is considered with the systems, especially the cooling system with a cooling tower being added. Campus steam piping systems routed into the building to be processed and run to convert into chilled and hot water. The whole system is closed loop due to the salinity of air near bay.
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The Dectron Pool Perfect® system, designed specifically for pools, cools the glass to prevent fogging around the pool perimeter using a CAV system. The cooling air is then mixed from the hot and humid air rising from the pool. This mixed air is then vented through the return ducts to be processed first by the Enthalpy Recovery Wheel to gain back any possible heat from the system through the latent and sensible load of the area. The Dectron mixes with outside air, dehumidifies it , and then recirculates it.
Lighting
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Figure 2 Figure 1 This rehabilitation center focused on integrating as much natural light into public spaces as possible. With large glass curtain walls facing the south and multiple clear stories located in the aqua pavilion and residential gathering spaces. There are also several glass curtain walls facing the north in order to take advantage of indirect sunlight. As you can see in figure 3 and figure 4, there is constant light penetration throughout the year. This concept in by design in order to keep the natural daylight, however the heat gain/loss created a problem for the mechanical side of the building. In order to resolve this conflict, all of the glass curtain walls will be constructed using double pained glass. By doing so these walls will deflect most ultra violet rays as well as infrared rays while still allowing nearly all visible light through. By deflecting these harmful rays this will decrease the heat gain in the summer months to avoid creating a greenhouse type effect. The winter months still posed a threat with the heat loss of these curtain walls as they are not well insulated. To resolve this problem these double pained windows will be lined with a microscopic layer of metal in order to seal it tight as well as the space between the pains will be filled with argon to create an insulation effect.
Winter Months
Summer Months
Figure 4
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Code For this building the IBC was used as a template for the codes of the building. This building is also under codes provided by the VA for egress and construction requirements. All required codes for this building have been met.
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Exiting Plans This diagram shows the exits of the building from every space and room. As shown on the diagram, there are three exits from the building in addition to the entrance doors to the reception of the building.
Also shown below, a close look on our two stair systems, which are in by the residential and administration areas, since these are the only two story areas.
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Figure 2 is a design of our sump pump system. The sump pumps would be used in the event of 100-year storm that would cause the water table to rise significantly. Before the water table rose high enough to cause our building to float away, the pumps would be turned on to suppress the water until it lowered back to its normal height.
Site Logistics Figure 3 is a view showing how we modified our site to divert surface water around our building during rains. This modification was done through bringing in earth to build up the ground under the site. By doing this, a large portion of surface water would be kept away from our site. However, we still had to but a French drain system in (figure 1) to handle water coming from the North.
Figure 3
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Figure 2 We designed our site to allow construction of the building to occur in the most efficient way possible. We did this by designing the site in a way to maximize the effectiveness of the crane because that ultimately determines the speed of construction. We established two placement areas for the crane that allow the boom to be able to perform picks over large areas of the site, so that it doesn’t have to waste time moving around. Another area of consideration was that of traffic in and out of the site. We wanted supplies to be able to be brought in dropped off without congesting the site and interfering with other activities. This was accomplished by designing the site roads and unloading/drop off areas away from where construction and the crane would be working
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Figure 1 shows our design for our French drain system. The system is located in the Northern portion of our site as shown by the blue arrows in figure 3. The system is implemented by first digging a trench, second laying a perforated pipe at the bottom, third backfilling the trench with gravel, fourth placing a thin layer of grass over the gravel to conceal the entire thing. When rain falls and begins moving downhill toward our site, it runs into the trench and is drained down through the gravel and into the pipe before being directed away from our building.
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Program Comparison Our building as a whole received an efficiency of 67.5%, the goal of the project Residential was to have a building that was at least Private 60% efficient. We could have increased Public our efficiency by minimizing the common area spaces in our residential area. Our Pool……… reasoning for having all of the common Green Area areas was to break up long corridors, to give the building less of a hospital like environment From the chart, you can also see that we went over the allowable square footage for the building. The reason we went over is because we made our aqua therapy building larger, we did this because we wanted more area around the pool to increase accessibility. Our residential area was also larger as a result of how we designed the area. By having a curved wall, our bedrooms and bathrooms were larger, and we had to build a second floor to accommodate all the rooms.
Key:
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Cost Estimate
Updated Estimate Original Estimate
For this estimate we decided to break our building into five separate areas and develop square foot estimates for each section. The five separate areas were administration, residential, public, egress, and aqua therapy. This method increases the accuracy of our estimate by pricing out individual sections of the building, as opposed to pricing the entire building as one piece.
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Summary
This building was designed with the residents as the main variable, manipulating factors around their needs and requirements in order to create the most efficient and desirable space possible. With large open public spaces as well as common areas to create a sense of community for the residents will allow for a smooth transition between war and home. Bridging residents connection back into society was the top priority in this design and was accomplished through a verity of techniques and dedication to the American Soldier.
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