VA Medical Center – New RRTP Building Perry Point, Maryland
ARCH 441 Architectural Design Analysis The Pennsylvania State University Department of Architectural Engineering
Benmakhlouf Cashman Carruth Jumatayeva
Fall 2015
Our Vision
Contents
Bae Area Construction is a fully integrated engineering firm providing smooth transitions from design to construction. We are dedicated to delivering innovative, high quality, aesthetically pleasing, sustainable buildings while creating a transparency between the interior spaces and surrounding environment. The main goal for the project is to deliver a building that provides a rehabilitative interior environment, connections to the surroundings, and aesthetically pleasing exterior.
Danielle Cashman Construction Management
Ben Carruth Structural Engineering
Selma Benmakhlouf Aigerim Jumatayeva Lighting/Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Project Brief……………………………………………………………3 Precedent Studies…………………………………………………….5 Climatic Analysis/ Background Research………………………..6 Building Evolution……………………………………………………...7 Macro/ Micro Site Plan………………………………………………8 Axonometric Views of Floor Plans………………………………...9 Floor Plans……………………………………………………………..10 Typical Patient Rooms……………………………………………….11 Elevations……………………………………………………………...12 Section Views of Building…………………………………………....13 Wall Sections…………………………………………………………..14 Exterior Renderings……………………………………………….....15 Interior Renderings……………………………………………….......16 Construction Sequence…………………………………………..…17 Structural Systems…………………………………………………...18 Mechanical Systems…………………………………………………19 Lighting/ Electrical Analysis……………………………………….20 Code Info………………………………………………………………21 Life Safety Provisions/ Exiting Plans……………………………..22 Site Logistics/ Dewatering Strategies…………………………..23 Program of Building……………………………………………….....24 Detailed Cost Estimate……………………………………………..25 Summary…………………………………………………………….....26
Professor: Nathaniel Belcher
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Precedent Studies ◄ Tallinn Town Hall Bjarke Ingels, Jakob Lange Geometry and Daylighting of the project is outstanding. It laid foundation for a design of our model. Free governance between spaces and transparency in both direction visually expands interior spaces. Medical Resort Bad Schallerbach ► Architects Collective ZT-GmbH Pool Connected to Environment
◄ Maggie’s Oxford Wilkinson Eyre Architects Wood and glass envelope integrated in asymmetrical shapes maximize the relationship between the internal space and the external landscape offering delicate spaces for relaxation and rehabilitation The Johns Hopkins Hospital ► Perkins + Will Interior design of the facility lead us to include high ceilings, lots of natural light. Our purpose is to replicate homelike atmosphere for sensitive patients
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Climatic Analysis of Perry Point
Background Research
Annual Temperature and Comfort Zone
Between May and September average temperatures land in the standard comfort zone for living. This presents opportunity for lowenergy heating/cooling solutions.
Wind Study
“The Veterans Affairs (VA) Maryland Health Care System is a dynamic and progressive health care organization dedicated to providing quality, compassionate and accessible care and service to Maryland's veterans. The Baltimore and Perry Point VA Medical Centers, in addition to the Loch Raven VA Community Living & Rehabilitation Center and five community based outpatient clinics, all work together to form this comprehensive health care delivery system…”
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http://www.maryland.va.gov/about/index.asp
Prevailing winds from South-East coming off of Chesapeake Bay BæArea Construction I VA RRTP I 6
Building Evolution
We initially looked at a compact organization because it is an efficient layout. We then decided a porous organization would be better suited for daylighting.
Our first parti model was one level, with a slightly sloped front entrance and physical voids in the building.
We then added the pool under the building to utilize the slope of the site.
We then simplified the roof and re-organized the interior room layouts, adding some voids back into the plan. We also changed the facade to become more interesting
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Using the organization of blocks we felt the views of the bay would be better utilized.
Our next model had peaked roofs and the voids were then turned into skylights. We also had some sections two stories to utilize space. We then simplified the roof the interior room layouts, adding some voids back into the plan. We also changed the facade to become more interesting.
Finally we pinpointed the facade style and decided to create a unique sunshading system. We also sloped the roof of the Aqua pavilion to reduce solar heat gain.
Macro Site Plan
Micro Site Plan
Chesapeake Bay
Above shows the building placed on the site with respect to the existing buildings. To the right og out building is the Mental Health Inpatient Unit. Diagonally to the right is the Medical Inpatient Unit, and in front of our building is the Mental Health Outpatient Unit and Psychosocial Rehabilitation & Recovery Center.
Above shows the relationship to the Mental Health Inpatient Unit and how the tunnel will connect. Also the builsing’s relationship to the land is shown with the contour lines. Circulation around the building, parking lots and fire lane is also shown in the image.
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Axonometric View of Floor Plans
Aquatherapy MEP/Service Medical
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Admin/Staff Residential
Floor Plans
Aquatherapy
Medical
Admin/Staff
Residential
MEP/Service
First Floor The first and second floor plans circulate around a central open area to create a large volume and a connection with the outdoors. The first floor plan was organized in a way such that the aquatherapy and the medical space are located on the left part of building far away from the MEP/Service and Staff section. For the second floor, the rooms were laid out on the perimeter of the building to maximize views.
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Typical Patient Room This is a typical pair of patient rooms with adjoining bathroom. We wanted to keep the flooring natural and warm, so we picked hardwood flooring for the rooms. It is also good for wheelchairs.
We wanted to make the patients feel like they were at home, not in a hospital.
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Elevations Exterior Materials Limestone Wood
White Paint
Glass
Tan Paint
South Elevation
East Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation
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Section View of Building
Section Cut though aqua therapy room (cubicle on the right); waiting area and lobby for patients, patient rooms on both floors, and administrative space (cubicle in the middle); dining area, offices and storage space(cubicle on the left).
Section Cut though main entrance of the building, waiting area and lobby for patients, and patient rooms on both floors (main middle cubicle).
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Wall Sections Typical Wall and Floor Connection/Composition (2 stories)
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Typical Curtain Wall Section (Pool) - The curtain wall attached directly to the structure and mullions by steel clips. Also, K-series steel joists are used to support the span over the pool.
Key for color-coded wall sections
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Typical Foundation - The spread footing around the building transfers loads from the columns directly into the fill below. Additionally, the french drain provides drainage around the building to prevent water damage to the foundation.
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Exterior Renderings
Exterior View From the North Looking South ►
◄ Rear View Showing the Patio and Curtain Wall System Looking Into the Dining Area
Rear View Showing the Sun Shading System and Façade ►
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Interior Renderings ◄ Waiting area for visitors and main lobby When patients and guests first enter the building, they encounter this space. This room connects fist and second floor of residential with reception area, waiting area of visitors, computer room, and medical treatment rooms. Concept of the room is to create a spacious place for interaction between patients and their close ones, communication between patients and doctors in a homelike settings, and create a gathering space for all occupants.
Computer Room and Vending Area ► Computer Room is accessible to public and it faces main lobby. Both patients and visitors may use the space for personal business. Vending Area is located in the center of building, closer to residential space to allow patients to get food whenever they prefer without walking long distance.
◄ Patient Education/Conference Room The purpose of the room is to allow patients to receive psychological training and seminars. It may be used for administrative purposes as well. Big windows were installed in the space to let abundant natural lighting in and to create a smooth connection with outdoors.
Dining/Servery Room ► Dining Area/Servery Room is a well-lit space comfortable for communication, watching TV, and general relaxation. It is also possible to take food outside of dining area and eat outside. Patio is located right outside of dining room. Big curtain walls and skylight make the space appear to be bigger. Also patients will have a nice, direct view of the bay.
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Construction Sequence Prep site/ dig foundation
Form Footers
Process Map Shown Above in Green Boxes
Pour Footers
Strip Footers/ Backfill with Stone
Prep and Pour SOG
Set Columns
Place Metal Decking
Pour Second Floor Slab
Enclosure
MEP
Interior Finishes
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Structural Systems
3
1
2
4
4 separate structural grids based on 4 different axes of building layout
1
2
Considerations: • Steel Frame • Pool Foundation fill needs to be drained to prevent hydrostatic pressure raising the pool. • Spread footings along the perimeter • Isolated column footings for interior columns • Shear walls and moment frames used to resist lateral loads • Warren Truss spans the pool with K series joists running perpendicular to support roof
Concrete Footings 3
4
W Shape Columns W shape beams/K series bar joists/Warren Trusses Concrete Floor Slabs Shear Walls
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Mechanical Systems
Section cut through Aquatherapy room which shows how roof truss system and ducts are integrates. Main goals from Mechanical design point was to ensure air quality meets AHSRAE standard 90.1 and run it efficiently. One of the downsides of having a building close to bay is a high humidity ratio. Since latent load needs to be removed before conditioning an air, it takes as much as 50% of the energy. Thus it is important to remove the latent load from system efficiently. It was decided to use VAV system coupled with Energy Recovery System with Desiccant Wheel to solve the issue of humidity. Desiccants wheel is driven by thermal energy and system heavily relies on physical properties of desiccants. The system requires less energy compared with conventional air handling units. removes humidity There are three mechanical rooms in the building for respective floors and aquatherapy room. Suggested system will solve both issues since, it is more efficient than conventional system and it removes humidity. The aquatherapy room tends to have a chloramine smell in the room and neighboring rooms. Thus deck drain system was installed in the perimeter of the pool to remove chloramine efficiently. Truss system in the aquatherapy room was low so it was difficult to integrate mechanical system. Solution was to install ducts along the trusses, that way ducts were not too low.
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Return Axonometric View of Mechanical Layout for the building
System integration of Mechanical and Structural System combined in the model
Supply
Daylight Analysis The South faรงade requires the most attention in terms of shading systems because of the large amount of daylight that is penetrating.
High sun angles penetrate the building during the summer whereas low sun angles penetrate the building during the winter time.
Diffused light from the sky enters the building through skylights and windows surrounding the building, while keeping out direct light from the sun to prevent heat gain and glare. To help minimize this solar heat gain, large overhangs and low-e glass material are added to provide both an architectural aesthetic element and a solar heat presentation component.
Projected overhangs are placed over the windows on the south faรงade, that allows light and heat in during the cooler months, which saves in energy and electricity costs.
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Code Information
While looking into the code for the building, we found several things that we needed to keep in mind. One thing was that the location of Perry Point Maryland has a frost line of about 30” below the surface of the coil. This being said, our footers are deeper than 30” so there are not structural issues. We also had to make sure that there was a fire lane all the way around the building, so that the fire department is able access the whole perimeter. Also, we kept out entrance level with the site so there would not need to be a ramp, seeing as many of the patients coming into the building would be disabled. Throughout the plan we made sure to accommodate disabled residents by not having too many obstacles in hallways, having accessible bathrooms, and areas of refuge in the stairwells. Another issue that is addressed later is the water table.
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Life Safety Provisions / Existing Plans Safety of patients and personnel at Veterans Center is a priority of our design. In order to achieve maximum safety measures, we maximized number of exits on the first floor and created a safe exit access on the second floor. Area of refuge is provided in every stair as represented in the image below. Two wheelchairs may fit in the area without blocking main exit way. Disabled people who cannot use stairs may wait for assistance, while allowing for others to leave safely. Both patients and staff have an access to fire alarm in all cubicles and fire extinguishers to put out fire if it is still manageable. Fire lane around building allows firefighters to access building from any angle.
First Floor Evacuation Plan
Area of Refuge
Key for Evacuation Plans Exit Route
Elevator (Do not use in case of fire)
Exit
Fire Extinguisher
Stairs
Fire Alarm
Second Floor Evacuation Plan
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Site Logistics
Dewatering Strategies This shows the fill plan, new contour lines, as opposed to the existing contour lines.
There will be a sump pump needed for the tunnel area Around footing excavation there will need to be a tile line lower than the footing with grading to a sump pump The whole area will be backfilled with pea rock ½ “- 1” diameter On the outside of the footings top 18” will be low permeability soil Footings will have 1-1/2” HDPE pipe along the outside Waterproofing and R-3 rigid insulation will be added under slab and along the outside of foundation walls and tunnel walls. A bituminous mixture will be used on the outside of the foundation wall and top od footing to create a seal Concrete shall be a low-water concrete mixture and air-entrained 3,000 psi, max slump 5”
Site Plan for Construction
Laydown Area
Trailers Soil Storage Porta-Johns Crane Location Crane Swing Above shows the system that was used for the fire lane around our building. We used the AirPave system so that the path would not be as noticable but still be able to support emergency vehicles.
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Above shows the proposed site plan for construction. There are two crane locations to have the available reach over the footprint of the building. There will be one laydown, or shakeout, area for each crame location. The parking on site will be limited, so the parking lot across the street will be used for the workers. Deliveries will be through the main entrance.
Program of Building First Floor
Aquatherapy Admin/Staff MEP/Service Medical
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Second Floor
Lobby/Entrance are located in the center of the building 1st floor residential area facing South to maximize views of the Chesapeake Bay and set away from public space 2nd floor residential area faces out on all sides to maximize views of the surrounding landscape and is also set away from public space Medical Rooms located on North-West side of building Aquapavilion located on South-West section of the building facing the Chesapeake Bay and the Susquehanna River Staff and Administration rooms located in East area of the building facing the street Mechanical Rooms located in East Area of the building toward the back where views and access to the public are less important
Residential
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Detailed Cost Estimate Additional Cost For a 4,000 sqft Aqua Pavilion
Additional Cost For Upgraded Finishes and Systems Square Footage
Cost per Square Foot
Total
Limestone Veneer
5,328 sqft
$6.95
$37,029.60
Wood Siding
2,739 sqft
$6.70
$18,351.30
Glazing
2,446.2 sqft
$125.00/ sqft +($2,100 * 3 doors)
$307,875.00
Hardwood Flooring
11,829.1 sqft
$10.00
$126,304.00
Ceramic Tile Flooring
11,380 sqft
$32.80
$373,264.00
HVAC
31,295 sqft
$8.00
$250,360.00
Plumbing
31,295 sqft
$10.50
$328,597.50
Lighting/ Electrical
31,295 sqft
$8.00
$250,360.00
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Total
$1,692,141.40
Total Estimated Cost of Building
$6,810,392.97
Cost
Total
Deck Drain
$80.00/ LF @ 240.67 LF
$19,253.36
HVAC
$22.00 / sqft
$88,000.00
Plumbing
$25.00 / sqft
$100,000.00
Base Cost
$2,000,000.00
$2,000,000.00 Total
$2,207,253.36
Total Building Cost With Aqua Pavilion
$9,017,646.33
Our building is a steel building with concrete footers and slab on grade. We have concrete on metal decking as the structure for the second floor. The flooring for the second floor is hardwood, that will be on top of the concrete. The first floor has ceramic tile and hardwood flooring that will be placed on the SOG. The exterior walls are mostly comprised of metal studs with insulation and gypsum wall boards, except were there is a curtain wall system. The finishes on the exterior of the building vary. There are some places with limestone veneer, some with wood siding, and the rest is two different colors of stucco that is painted. There is also a shading system on the windows to reduce solar heat gain. The cost per square foot without the aqua pavilion works out to be arounf $218/ sqft.
Summary Throughout this semester, the design of our building has changed greatly. We essentially had two complete re-designs after realizing flaws that couldn’t be fixed any other way. We had a grand vision based off of Tallinn Town Hall Bjarke Ingels, Jakob Lange, but each time we re-designed this theme seemed to be lost a little more. One of the biggest chanllenges, aside from not letting the programs limit our design, was the issue we had of conveyign our concept. During presentaitions, our concept, which we thought was clear, created mixed emotions from those critiquing the design. Some couldn’t see the idea, others saw the concept, but did not like it. With all of this being said, we did end up happy with the final design. No, it is not exactly like the Tallinn Town Hall, but it is our own design with references to that building. We kept the concept of voids on the plan, though they are not completely apparent from the outside. We used glass façades along with tall spaces to symbolize the openess, while solid walled areas with lower ceilings to symbolize private spaces.
Appendix: BIM-EX LITE
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Benmakhlouf Cashman Carruth Jumatayeva
Fall 2015