the inside of the process This section presents the inside of the design process conducted in the exploration of dwelling spatial ideas in this design studio. Design is a conceptual process that involves both divergent and convergent thinking styles; thus, the design process is not only creative and exploratory but also evaluative and analytical (Plowright, 2014). Looking into the inside process may reveal the interplay between such creative and rational approaches performed along the design process (Harahap et al., 2019), and how the final design could emerge as an integration of these two approaches in parallel. The process of reflection becomes the key in the construction of design knowledge by the students as they go along these stages of developing their design ideas. The selected written reflections by the students, as well as some diagrams they produced during different learning stages, convey the process of acquiring various forms of design knowledge and skills. Such acquisition of knowledge and skills happens through the continuous learning acts of investigating, analysing, making and exploring, which are simultaneously reflected and integrated.
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