ON PARADE 2019

OCTOBER 2019

OnParade ANNUAL PUBLICATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF MALTA

www.afm.gov.mt

ArmedForcesofMaltaAFM

EDITORIAL & CONTENTS

@Armed_Forces_MT

IN THIS ISSUE...

05 07 09 12

KNOWING YOUR MILITARY

Minister’s Message Commander’s Word A Medical Profession within Our Army A New AFM Aircraft Hangar The Process

14 EOD [Explosive Ordnance Disposal] 18 Feeding An Army 21 The New Logistics Hub The Re-organisation of the AFM Logistics Supply Chain

22 On Parade poster 24 G Command Maritime Component Maritime Search and Rescue in Gozo

26 Marching In 29 Femina Virtutem Female Regimental Sergeant Majors... Making History

31 Malta’s Contribution to UNIFIL...

The First AFM Contingent Deploy to Lebanon

33 More Than Just a Job! Career progression and training at the AFM Training School

35 The AFM’s ‘Defence Estate’ A Legacy of British Military Architecture

38 The Maritime Squadron Fleet Propelled by the Force of Unsung Heroes

41 The AFM’s New Flagship Offshore Patrol Vessel P71

This publication is being distributed as part of the Times of Malta.

Saturday, October 12, 2019.

Production Allied Newspapers Ltd Printing Progress Press Ltd Cover Photo Sgt Justin Gatt, AFM Public Affairs Office Centre Spread Sgt Justin Gatt, AFM Public Affairs Office Editor Lieutenant Kayleigh Gelfo Deputy Editor Major John Stroud Assisting Staff Sgt David Bugeja, Sgt Justin Gatt, LBdr Francisco Mumford, Gnr Isaac Zammit Cordina, Mr. Bartek Romanczuk, AFM Public Affairs Office Advertising Sales Paula Bugeja. © 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without the prior written consent of the publisher. Opinions expressed in the articles or advertisements are those of the author or advertiser and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Malta or the Armed Forces of Malta.

Send your feedback to On Parade, HQ AFM, Luqa Barracks, VLT 2000 or via e-mail to hq.afm@gov.mt

Lieutenant Kayleigh Gelfo Editor, A/SO3 Public Affairs Office, HQ AFM

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ere’s to another edition of the Armed Forces of Malta’s annual publication; “ON PARADE”. This means that another year of hard work and success has passed, and 2019 has once again proven to be a year of commitment, investment and duty. The Armed Forces of Malta’s Public Affairs Office’s main task in relation to this magazine is to provide the general public with an insight of the Maltese military. This is obtained through a series of topics highlighting the Force’s history, roles and achievements, penned by the personnel who have been part of this contribution. These articles are then given life through the publishing of images and footage, captured by the Force’s official photographers and videographers along the year. There is no better way to present this issue to our readers than with the accompaniment of photographs, because as quoted by Arthur Brisbane, “use a picture; it’s worth a thousand words”.

Since our last publication, the Armed Forces of Malta has continued to grow and invest; be it in equipment and assets, and the education and opportunities of members. So, what will our readers be expecting from this year’s publication? Amongst the never-ending calendar events and appointments that this year has seen, this issue will be presenting thirteen diverse articles from all six Units of the Force. The Air Wing’s new hangar project to the Integrated Logistics Branch’s new hub within Headquarters, 3rd Regiment’s Explosive Ordinance Disposal Unit to G-Command’s Maritime Component in Gozo, Maritime Squadron’s fleet and the first Maltese contingent to deploy to Lebanon. Other than these topics, this issue will also be providing an overview of the Selection Process for enlisting within the Force, and the progression and training a serving member undergoes to develop in their military careers.

Not to give too much away on the first page of this magazine, I do hope that the following series of articles will continue to shed light on what makes The Armed Forces of Malta the entity it is today. None of this work would be possible without the constant cooperation I have from all the Units within this Force, and there are no words of praise worthy for these individuals. As Vince Lombardi said, teamwork is about “individual commitment to a group effort – that is what makes a team work, a company work, a society work, a civilisation work”, and it is through this teamwork that I humbly invite you to enjoy this year’s edition of the Armed Forces of Malta’s “ON PARADE”.

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 03

HON. MINISTER’S MESSAGE

Dr Michael Farrugia Minister for Home Affairs and National Security

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orming part of the Armed Forces of Malta gives the person an honour to serve and protect our country.

Being a member of a disciplinary force brings with it a number of incentives. It gives members a number of rights, along with a number of obligations and responsibilities, and are to act without fear or favour in the defence and security of our country.

For these reasons, like any other Disciplinary Force one can retire after 25 years of service enjoying a service pension.

It is true that by doing so we might be losing the experienced, the elite, the most professional. The Ministry for Home Affairs and National Security is evaluating how human resources are not lost after 25 years of service, without blocking career progression of younger members in the force.

The members of the Armed Forces of Malta have been given the right to be represented by a union of their choice.

For the first time, instead of a collective agreement imposed on all ranks, this collective agreement, is being discussed with union representatives. Hopefully it won’t be too long before we also make history with the signing of such a collective agreement.

Over the last year, an insurance for all members of the disciplinary forces has been introduced to cover any disabilities as a result in doing the member’s line of work.

These are just a few of the benefits introduced for the benefits of the Armed Forces of Malta.

I continuously emphasise to all members of the Armed Forces to seek further educational opportunities in all sectors.

Such opportunities will enhance one’s prospect of climbing up

the ladder, apart from having a solid career base, if one decides to retire after 25 years of service.

It is an honour for me to have men and women in the Armed Forces who are not only committed and prepared to defend our nation, but also to deal with other situations.

The Armed Forces are frequently called to assist other disciplinary forces and to participate in rescue operations on land and at sea.

Malta is an island on the periphery of the European Union.

This puts responsibilities on us to observe and participate in the fight of offshore organised crime.

Malta being an island in the centre Mediterranean puts on us international obligations. It is true that International Maritime law was drafted before the migratory phenomenon in the high seas started. And it is also true that human smugglers are abusing of search and rescue rules. It is for this reason that Malta is at the forefront for changes related to responsibility in the field of irregular migration. I have to thank the Maritime, Airwing and other Army personnel for working day and night to save lives in distress at sea.

The Armed Forces of Malta are investing heavily thanks to local and EU funds, in upgraded equipment, technology, vessels and EOD robots. Personnel are participating in ongoing missions abroad, both with regards to security missions under the auspices of the EU and also in the field of peacekeeping.

Our people were congratulated on the way they acted to liberate the El Hiblu 1 from an alleged hijack earlier this year.

Once again, I take the opportunity to thank the members of the Armed Forced of Malta and take the opportunity to encourage more female and male youths to join our Armed Forces, and be our Men and Women to defend our islands and assure security to all.

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 05

COMMANDER’S WORD

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rom an international relations point of view, the past and upcoming months were and will be particularly challenging for the Armed Forces of Malta. Just last year, through the AFM, Malta took over the presidency of ‘FINABEL’ from our Finnish counterparts. FINABEL is an organisation tasked with promoting cooperation and interoperability between the national armies of Member States of the European Union.

As part of the Armed Forces of Malta’s role in chairing this presidency, considerable work was put in further developing the legacies left by previous Member States who held this presidency, with increased efforts in promoting both the enlargement of FINABEL itself as well as the reassertion and renewal of relationships with European partner organisations. This eventually culminated in the “FINABEL Land Forces Chiefs of Staff and Principal Military Experts Meeting” which Malta proudly hosted last April and saw the participation of top military leaders from various European Member States.

Just after the presidency of FINABEL, works immediately continued on another high- profile event, being the Commanders of European Navies Meeting; also knows as ‘CHENS’, which shall be taking place next year. Once again, the AFM will be acting as host and flag bearer in holding this prestigious presidency passed over to us from our Portuguese Navy colleagues.

For over two decades, CHENS has offered a most valuable platform to discuss issues faced by the various European navies, providing an opportunity for dialogue in order to seek common solutions to similar challenges faced by European navies.

Even though in the present-day scenario the risk of a major naval war between key naval maritime powers is considered to be low, there can be little doubt that conflict

Operation POSEIDON taking place in Greece with a joint maritime and land deployment.

Although the number of officers and soldiers who can be deployed overseas on the former, and other European joint operations or missions, will always be circumscribed by local size and population limitations, the AFM contingent is nevertheless an ambassador to its country, ultimately confirming Malta as an active player also in this aspect.

Notwithstanding these commitments in the international fora, the yearly appointment with the readers of ‘On Parade’; Malta’s local military magazine, remains nevertheless a most welcome event. This, together with the AFM’s Open Day, are events which enable us to keep in touch with the general public and provide snippets of what goes on behind the gates of our barracks and in the daily working lives of our officers and soldiers. This year, by means of a new initiative, we took our local public relations even a step further.

Military life often entails the cancellation of vacation leave at short notice, work at odd hours or additional work during the festive seasons, occasionally even what we term as ‘recalls’, being the recalling back to work of personnel who are off-duty. This year’s most notable event was probably the incident concerning the M/V El Hiblu 1 in March. The threat that the master of the vessel may have been divested of command of his ship, raised the alert state and required boarding by AFM members to ensure the vessel would not be a threat to the Maltese territory and population.

Other occurrences concerning search and rescue, or humanitarian operations are of a far more common nature and similarly often require personnel moving from stand-by or off duty to duty. Whilst these working conditions are intrinsic to

Message from Brigadier Jeffrey Curmi Commander of the Armed Forces of Malta at sea, in one form or another, will continue to occur. In such context, one of the major roles of the navy today is to strike the right balance between acting as a security provider and as a deterring factor to illicit activity. Whilst the Mediterranean Sea; amounting approximately to some 1 per cent of the world’s surface area, is in itself a physical barrier, naval presence providing security in a plethora of roles has, needless to say, a carry-on effect on mainland Europe.

These commitments play a part in reasserting the AFM’s role and contribution as an armed forces of a European Member State which, albeit being the EU’s smallest State, is still an effective team player and participant. By way of illustration, the AFM has this year once again contributed in Frontex’s Joint

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 07

COMMANDER’S WORD

service within a disciplined force, they nonetheless constitute a reality which can undoubtedly have a toll on a soldier’s private life, and which may also be difficult for his or her family to adapt to.

In this regard, an event was organised whereby all personnel were invited to have their children over at our barracks so that the children spend a day shadowing their parent during the conduct of his/her duties. The main purpose behind this initiative was to have children or youngsters gain some exposure to and understand better their parent’s work in the army, and possibly help them in comprehending why the nature of their father or mother’s work at times require the same parent to be away from home during special occasions, or having to work longer than usual hours at short notice. Naturally, if this experience may also entice these youngsters to pursue a military career in the future, then all the better! In such case, the event would have not only been a success from a familial relations point of view, but also served a purpose from a careers’ guidance perspective.

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Indeed, a good number of major investments or infrastructural projects commenced or currently ongoing at the time of writing, will see their completion in the years to come. For instance, these include the construction of a new, bigger, offshore patrol vessel measuring 75 metres in length, and the building of a new Operations Centre, equipped with the latest technologies which will better enable the Force to address current realities and challenges posed by technological advancements. Some of the personnel presently working on these major projects may not be able to see their completion or ‘reap benefit’ from them for the reason that they may have till then reached their retiring age.

Nevertheless, having youngsters and personnel’s own children visiting our barracks reminds us all that we are also leaving a legacy for our future generations through the work and investment we are making today.

As a motto for the United States Navy Sea, Air, and Land Teams goes – “the only easy day was yesterday”. This serves as a reminder that every day will present us

new challenges to overcome. Challenges that we face with eagerness and enthusiasm, also knowing that one of those children who visited the AFM today may indeed one day be carrying on and building upon what we started.

In conclusion, I take the opportunity to pay tribute to all officers and soldiers who have completed their twenty-five years of service or more, and are now retired, and also to all those who may no longer be with us. Your work and legacy lives on and we shall strive to build upon it and leave to the generations to come an armed forces which is worthy of our nation and its citizens. To any young readers of this publication, I urge them to consider a military career in service of our country.

Finally, to all the selfless servicemen and women, civilian employees and other entities or authorities who on a daily basis collaborate and cooperate with us, words of gratitude can never be enough.

To all our readers, we hope you enjoy this publication just as much as it was our joy and pleasure to produce it for you.

Until the next edition of ‘On Parade’, we salute you.

HEADQUARTERS AFM

AVIATION Surgeon Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Matthew Psaila Principal Medical Officer, Medical Centre, Headquarters AFM

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A MEDICAL PROFESSION within our Army SPORTS

Surgeon Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Matthew Psaila Principal Medical Officer, Medical Centre, Headquarters AFM

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he working environment within the AFM is highly sports-oriented – physical activity is regularly promoted and opportunities for physical training are widely available. With reference to recruits undertaking their basic military training, physical conditioning necessitates regular physical and drill training with the inherent risk of training related injuries. In support of the ongoing physical training and in line with the AFM medical officers’ recommendations for the promotion of regular physical activity, a sports clinic is held on a weekly basis within the medical centre. This clinic, which is managed by one of the AFM medical officers having an interest in sports and exercise medicine, is also attended to by a sports and exercise medicine consultant.

During this clinic, sports injuries are reviewed and plans for treatment are made thus expediting management of AFM personnel. Other facilities include musculoskeletal sonography and infiltration therapy to assist the reviewing medical officers in diagnosing and treating sports related injuries. The AFM medical centre is also in the process of adding the services of a physiotherapist in the near future in an attempt to provide a one-stop shop for personnel presenting with sports injuries.

ilots are engaged by the Armed Forces of Malta to operate their rotary and fixed wing air assets and are tasked with carrying out a number of operations concerning the surveillance and protection of Malta’s search and rescue area whilst assisting when requested land-based operations in conjunction with local disciplinary corps. In view of the delicate nature of their work environment, necessitating constant interaction between pilot, machine/air asset, surrounding environment and ongoing operation, pilots need to be subjected to rigorous and intensive medical checks both at the start and during the course of their career.

Military pilots, as is the case with their civilian counter-parts, undertake regular medical examinations that are conducted by qualified and registered medical specialists, referred to as aeromedical examiners. These medical reviews are performed according to specific and strict medical standards and consist of a number of tests and reviews which focus on all bodily functions with particular emphasis on medical conditions of the ear, nose and throat, vision, heart and psychological state of the pilot.

These tests are held at regular intervals depending on the age and medical class held by the pilot and aim to identify and/or prevent medical issues that may result in incapacitation of the pilot during flight especially relevant in single pilot operations.

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 09

HEADQUARTERS AFM

DIVING

ROLE OF AN AFM NURSE Bombardier Kieran Laws Medical Centre, Headquarters AFM

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urses have been engaged in combat since the earliest of wars but were not recognised until the Crimean War of 1854. Foreign military nurses hold different specialised roles such as emergency and pre-hospital care, primary care, theatre nurse, nurse prescribers etc. This is also true in the AFM, as a nurse in the AFM, triaging of personnel commences at 0700hrs in accordance to case severity and in collaboration with the AFM medical officers.

Personnel presenting with minor ailments are usually managed by the nurse. Beyond minor ailments, the medical officer is involved for further evaluation after the initial screening by the nurse. Outpatient services managed by the AFM nurse include post-operative wound care, a phlebotomy (together with certified phlebotomists) service, aeromedical clinic and an immunisation clinic in accordance with local health policies. Apart from the day to day work, the AFM nurse may be called to assist in sea, air and/or land emergency cases within the Maltese territory. Examples of emergency cases that have been covered include pregnancies at sea, amputations, head injuries, chest pains, gunshot wounds and other various emergency situations.

Surgeon Captain Dr. Ciskje Zarb A/ Staff Officer 3 Medical Centre, Headquarters AFM

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iving medicine comprises the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of conditions caused by humans entering the undersea environment. It is also known as undersea and hyperbaric medicine and forms a branch of occupational and sports medicine.

All that is known and understood on the effects of different gasses on the human and mammalian physiology was pioneered by Scottish physiologist John Scott Haldane (1860-1936). Most of these findings were derived from experiments performed on himself and his family.

This specialty deals with the prevention of diving disorders, medical research on issues of diving, diving fitness assessment and treatment of diving accidents. It includes the effect of breathing gases and their contaminants under high pressure on the human body and the relationship between the state of physical and psychological health of the diver and safety.

A corollary field associated with diving medicine is “hyperbaric medicine� since recompression in a hyperbaric chamber is used as a treatment for two of the most significant diving-related illnesses, decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism.

The Armed Forces of Malta have a designated medical officer responsible for the carrying out of such diving medicals. Both diving and hyperbaric medicine are expected to form a bigger part of medicine and hospital treatment as diving is becoming a more widespread practice throughout the world.

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 11

AIR WING

A NEW AFM

AIRCRAFT HANGAR

THE PROCESS Major Ivan Marmara Officer Commanding Support Squadron, Air Wing

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he Armed Forces of Malta Air Wing currently has three hangar facilities housing its operational aircraft. One of the hangars was built way back in 1994, which at the time could only cater for smaller AFM aircraft. Due to an increase in aircraft assets and operations during the years, the AFM has felt the need to have a larger hangar with the scope of increasing and improving its facilities in order to be able to better 12 OCTOBER 2019 OnParade

its operational requirements in Border Control Operations.

Being appointed and entrusted as a Project Leader was a major challenge, since in addition I am also appointed as the Officer in command of the unit’s Support Squadron and also conduct operational duties as a pilot. In view of almost 25 years of active service and operations in SAR (Search and Rescue) and Border control missions, such knowledge and experience gained will without doubt achieve the best results for this project to be a success.

This project started a few years ago when internal studies were conducted in order to determine the best plan of action. Several designs and plans were considered and as this presented a major challenge due to restrictions with the AFM Airwing’s current footprint inside the Malta International Airport, it is

only recently that a plan was agreed upon to be the best course of action.

This plan was also endorsed by MIA (Malta International Airport), MATS (Malta Air Traffic Services), and CAD TM (Civil Aviation Directorate Transport Malta).

The whole project involves the design, the demolition of the present hangar, and the construction of a new larger hangar, which includes a supporting building that will host both Support Squadron and

“Such a project will facilitate the AFM’s operational assets in a single operational structure as to ensure a faster response during operations” Operations Squadron personnel, a maintenance workshop, an electrical sub-station and also a service road. Such a project will upgrade and improve the base facilities and will accommodate and facilitate the Armed Forces of

AIR WING

Malta’s operational assets in a single operational structure as to ensure a faster response during operations.

This project is intended to house the front-line aircraft on operational stand-by. Due to the fact that the fleet has increased over the past years with larger state of the art aircraft, such space is necessary for timely and accurate manoeuvring of these aircraft on ground, in preparation for flight. Whereas with this operational hangar, a proper system would be in place to address any hindering issues which might impair both aircraft and crews.

With these new premises the operational crew will be centralized in the proximity of the new hangar facility in order to eliminate any precious time lost during conveyance

This project is part of the AFM Border Surveillance strategy for a fully functioning Operational Air Unit as envisaged over the past few years by the Armed Forces of Malta.

With an investment in state-ofthe-art aircraft procured over the recent years, the objective of this project will be to provide the necessary ground facilities for a proper set-up of such operational Unit to be in place. The size of the hangar will be approximately 1184m², enough to shelter two King Air B200 (fixed wing aircraft) and two Agusta Westland 139 (helicopters).

This new hangar infrastructure will ensure the maintenance and adequate upkeep of air assets that are employed to conduct border control missions and maintaining such aircraft and their state-of-the-art equipment in an optimal condition, will guarantee a longer lifetime.

The planning phase was initiated at the last quarter of 2018 during which several on site surveys and meetings by key experts in construction and structural designs have been conducted. All data and recommendations forwarded by each key expert have been analysed and discussed internally in order to conduct a research study and obtain the latest equipment available on the market that sustains current and future operational needs. All this required information had to be studied and prepared prior to submitting all necessary applications and documentation to DOC (Department of Contracts) for tender publication.

The tender is estimated to close at the end of 2019 and awarded by January 2020.The demolition of the old hangar structure and excavation works are intended to commence in the first quarter of 2020 in order

In March 2018 a project application was submitted to the Project Selection committee for evaluation in order to qualify for the grant of EU Funds. The project was approved, and the Grant agreement was also signed.

to launch the new hangar including its ancillary buildings by the end of the same year.

The whole project is estimated at €3.5M and is partially financed through EU funds as part of the Internal Security Fund 2014 – 2020.

“A new workshop facility will be constructed adjacent to facilitate maintenance to the aircraft technicians”

of such crews and their equipment to the aircraft parking area. This will also reduce stress fatigue of the crew prior deployment.

A new workshop facility will be constructed adjacent to facilitate maintenance to the aircraft technicians when performing routine inspections and scheduled overhauls which till now technicians and engineers are still using part of the actual maintenance hangar as a workshop. This will also be equipped with a spray-painting facility, a tool storage facility and other essential machines and equipment.

Due to the electrical load that the hangars and the new buildings will be requiring when fully operational, a new Electricity Sub-Station will be necessary to enhance the distribution of their electrical demand.

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3 REGIMENT

EOD Captain James Gauci Officer Commanding EOD, IEDD and Diver Platoon, 3 Regiment

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s stated in its mission statement, the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM) is entrusted with ensuring the security of Malta and its citizens. This implies that the AFM is not only required to play a leading role in conventional defence matters in times of war but is also called upon to contribute to other types of operations, mainly of a constabulary nature, during peacetime.

One of its main contributions to local security during peacetime is that of providing a competent, efficient and well-equipped Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Unit, capable of tackling threats originating from both criminal or terrorist activities. As a result, the Armed Forces of Malta, is constantly on the lookout for new threats and modi operandi in a bid to anticipate and counter hostile actions 14 OCTOBER 2019 OnParade

EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL

through forward planning, training and procurement.

One of the latest and most substantial investments made in recent years was the purchase of a dedicated, custom designed EOD/IEDD Response Vehicle.

This vehicle is fitted with an array of specialised state-of-the-art equipment as well as an EOD/IEDD Response robot. This relatively recent addition has greatly enhanced the EOD unit’s capabilities, in that it helps in no small way to better respond, neutralise and manipulate explosives/explosive accessories, whilst providing a higher level of safety for the EOD operators who often put their lives on the line.

Although the costs of such a system and related training were co-financed

by The European Union, the expenditure incurred by the Maltese Government was still substantial.

The peace of mind offered by this system both to the local population and the EOD/IEDD personnel who operate it however offset all financial considerations. Most importantly, the Response Vehicle holds a wide range of first line equipment and tools that an EOD/IEDD operator may need to handle Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). As a side, it can also generate its own electricity supply to power all the organic and inorganic

3 REGIMENT

“On the job, the robot saves operators from putting themselves in harm’s way as they can remotely perform most of their tasks at a safe distance from within the response vehicle”

equipment to the system, including spotlights and a light mast which can directionally illuminate a large area, making operations during night time much easier and safer for our personnel.

Perhaps, the most easily recognisable piece of equipment within the system is the EOD/IEDD Robot which deploys itself from the rear of the response vehicle. This state-of-theart robot is capable of being driven

with absolute precision by a trained operator to approach, handle, transport, neutralise and analyse an explosive device by means of its robotic arm and crisp video transmitting capabilities. On the job, the robot saves operators from putting themselves in harm’s way as they can remotely perform most of their tasks at a safe distance from within the response vehicle. The robot transmits a live audio and video data feed to the

response vehicle which in turns relays all the information to the Operations Centre in Luqa Barracks.

Nowadays, criminals and terrorists are constantly developing new ways to creating and using explosives to maim, kill or cause damage to property.

The EOD Unit is the only entity on the Maltese Islands equipped with dealing with such threats. The Unit is in a constant state of readiness, always on standby to deploy at a moment’s OnParade OCTOBER 2019 15

3 REGIMENT

notice. The introduction of modern technology and equipment goes a long way in supporting the AFM’s obligation to deal with such threats.

Although the EOD unit has forged ahead with the purchase of a second EOD robot in 2018, it is currently

negotiating the purchase of more equipment and a second response vehicle in order to further enhance the EOD unit’s capabilities across the Island in a bid to further improve on the service it has been providing to Malta and its citizens to date.

4 REGIMENT

FEEDINGAN ARMY The AFM’s ‘Canteens and Messes Sections’ in all AFM Units have been established following the disbandment of the AFM’s Catering Company, which albeit the fact was under the 4 Regiment’s establishment, used to cater for all the AFM Units’ Canteens and Messes.

Lieutenant Jean Pierre Mizzi Officer Commanding, Headquarters Company, 4 Regiment

18 OCTOBER 2019 OnParade

4 REGIMENT

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he AFM’s ‘Canteens and Messes Sections’ in all AFM Units have been established following the disbandment of the AFM’s Catering Company, which albeit the fact was under the 4 Regiment’s establishment, used to cater for all the AFM Units’ Canteens and Messes.

All personnel posted to the various Canteens and Messes Sections are either qualified as Cooks prior to their enlistment in the Force or else attended with success for various kitchen related courses organised by the Institute of Tourism Studies (ITS) throughout their years of service.

As is the practise with every military trade within the AFM, AFM cooks commence their duties as a ‘B3 Cook’ following the achievement of the ITS qualifications in the ‘Basic Kitchen and Larder’ and the ‘Basic Pastry and Backing’ courses. Having such a trade, a member can perform his duties in catering environment under the supervision of his superiors.

Following eighteen (18) months of work and on the job training, soldiers who show determination and commitment in this industry will be nominated to attend the intermediate ‘Kitchen and Larder’ and ‘Pastry and Baking’ courses at the ITS. Once achieving a pass in these courses, which are normally held on a span of six (6) months, individuals will be eligible to sit for the B2 Cook Trade Exam. Having succeeded in such an exam an individual will be qualified to work in any AFM catering installation without the need of supervision.

Once vacancies for a B1 Cook will be available in the respective Canteen and Messes establishment, prospective cooks who have been employed as B2 Cooks for at least twenty-four (24) months will be nominated to attend the advanced ‘Kitchen and Larder’ and ‘Pastry and Baking’ courses at the ITS. Albeit the fact that this is not an easy course, all AFM Canteens and Messes SNCOs in charge and their second-in-command are qualified with such advanced courses offered by Malta’s leading institution which prepares chefs for the Maltese catering industry.

As can be confirmed from the above, the AFM makes sure that the personnel employed in its catering outlets are well trained in the best OnParade OCTOBER 2019 19

4 REGIMENT

local leading institutions to make sure that its members will receive the best service when it comes to daily messing, food prepared for AFM training courses and operations and for hosting VIPs during high-end gala dinners and official functions namely the Officers’ ‘Dining In/Dining Out’ and the ‘Guest Night’.

The Officers’ ‘Dining In/Dining Out’ is an event organised by the AFM Officers’ Mess aimed in welcoming each and every new Officer joining the Armed Forces of Malta and to bid a farewell to all AFM Officers for their service prior retiring from the Force.

The ‘Guest Night’ is another annual event organised by the AFM Canteens and Messes personnel, where AFM Officers invite their partners/spouses for a fine dining dinner organised in the AFM’s Officers’ Mess in a military way. It’s worth mentioning that this tradition was started by the British Army and the Mess committee members with the assistance of the AFM Canteens and Messes personnel organise this event to keep on with the AFM’s military traditions. Guests will be silver served by AFM trained personnel and the event ends with a toast to HE the President of Malta.

Apart from participating in such events, the AFM Canteens and Messes personnel involve themselves on a daily basis in preparing meals for all personnel employed in the various AFM Barracks, which include: breakfasts, light snacks, lunches and dinners.

AFM Canteens and Messes personnel involve themselves in charity events as well. One such example is the charity ‘Bike Ride’ in aid of ‘Id-Dar tal-Providenza’, an annual charity event organised by the AFM for AFM bikers and friends to help this institution raise funds. All the required food is prepared in AFM canteens by AFM cooks and transported and served on site to all attendees.

In a nutshell, the soldiers employed in the AFM’s Canteens and Messes Sections apart from performing their primary roles as soldiers, have an important role in the AFM’s personnel welfare. When it is time for others to rest, the cooks of the AFM Canteens and Messes Sections are working in their respective kitchens to prepare the necessary food and to provide the best possible service for their colleagues.

HEADQUARTERS AFM

Major Keith Mizzi Staff Officer 2 Integrated Logistics Branch, Headquarters AFM

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THE NEW LOGISTICS HUB AND RE-ORGANISATION OF THE AFM LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAIN

he Armed Forces of Malta as a European Military Force strives to promote a 21st century approach with regards to procedures and welfare of the same workforce. Such a modernised mentality is poignant in the reform of the New Logistics Hub within the Integrated Logistics Branch of the Armed Forces.

Logistics Management is the art of supplying a desired product in the right time, right place and right quantity in order to sustain operations whilst eliminating any possibility of shortage in supply – logistically known as scarcity. In order to enhance such level of output, a modernised approach required a professional re-organisation in order to focus on modern logistical methods and eliminate useless procedures which are not up to standard in such a modern world.

With the Governmental centralisation process and effort to decrease bureaucracy, together with the forthcoming introduction of the Centralised Financial Management System (CFMS) for all Government departments, the AFM felt the necessity to re-organise its Logistics chain and thus create a Logistics Hub from where all AFM Logistics could be coordinated and implemented.

The implementation of this project was divided into three (3) phases: Phase 1 included the refurbishment and preparation of the infrastructure required to host the Logistics Hub. The location selected for this project was the ex-Coin Depot, which for a number of years housed the Staff Quartermaster also known as SQM. The building which was originally built over fifteen (15) years ago had to be transformed from a large open warehouse to a state-of-the-art open office, having the capability to house thirty (30) persons plus nine (9) officers and an adequate storage facility.

The works which started in early 2018 took approximately 10 months to be finished and where undertaken entirely by skilled personnel from the various AFM regiments. The works involved were mainly infrastructural; such as the widening of windows, gypsum partitioning, electrical re wiring, laying of tiles, plastering, white washing of walls, plumbing, IT related works including a small server room and the general embellishing of the area.

Phase 2 was the consolidation of the Logistics Branch from three different sections (Logs Branch staff at HQ AFM, Tenders Office, SQM) into one team operating together from the newly refurbished Logistics Hub. Even though challenging, this proved to be a very important step for the centralisation process where previously three autonomous sections working independently now started working as a team in tandem with each other.

Phase 3 which will be kicked off with the new CFMS, will involve the centralisation and reform of the Logistics chain. This will include the restructuring of the Logistics and QM human resources aspect, focusing on the centralisation of the commonly purchased items, reducing the duplication of work and bureaucracy involved in the procurement process.

In conclusion, the centralisation process together with the right attitude and frame of mind of all the personnel involved should serve as the motivator for a modern and more efficient AFM Logistics supply chain capable of handling the requirements of a twenty first century force.

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OnParade ANNUAL PUBLICATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF MALTA

OCTOBER 2019

www.afm.gov.mt

G COMMAND MARITIME Search and Rescue operations. The bulk of these operations are executed during the summer peak season where marine traffic and pleasure craft activities are more intense due to the increase in tourism and recreational activities at sea. Other normal routine tasks also include assisting Malta’s Fisheries and Aquaculture Department by enforcing fishing laws at sea within the Maltese territorial waters. On a day-to-day basis, G-Command crews are also Captain Matthew Camilleri involved in the removal of hazards at sea, Officer Commanding G Command, investigation of reported flare sightings and Maritime Squadron towing of vessels with mechanical failures.

G-Command’s maritime area of he Armed Forces of Malta has responsibility stretches to the island of Filfla, in the past decade invested to around the island of Gozo and up to Saint generate a more efficient and Paul’s Islands. This allows the other AFM effective rapid reaction maritime assets stationed at Hay Wharf to capability at sea and close to shore focus more on the eastern and southern in Malta’s northern archipelago to sides of the Maltese archipelago and responding to emergencies and law offshore operations in the Central enforcement situations and to assist Mediterranean. other civilian and government entities To maintain all G-Command crews’ operating in this area of operations. high readiness and capabilities a routine G-Command’s Maritime Component, training cycle is maintained with the aim of based in Mgarr, Gozo, has now entered brushing up seamanship skills, keeping up its ninth year since its establishment in to date with maritime law and ensuring the June 2011 with the primary aim to act as maintenance of an optimum mental and a forward operating base to the main physical condition capable of conducting Maritime Squadron Base in Hay Wharf operations at sea even during inclement Pieta. This has proven to have weather conditions. minimized AFM’s reaction time and Although the primary tasks and roles of better use of resources directed to cater this Sub-unit remain those of maintaining for an immediate and swift response on the integrity of Maltese waters, provide and around the island of Gozo and Search and Rescue (SAR) services and Malta’s northern archipelago. assist the police and other security The forward based contingent is services, it is envisaged that by the end of composed of three crews who operate 2019, a specialised contingent of Explosive one ‘Supervittoria’ Class 900 SAR Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Operators and launch MELITA II and a Defender Class Surface Rescue Swimmers will also be inshore patrol boat P06. They are also attached to G Command’s Maritime supported by the land component, Component. This specialised contingent consisting of a platoon-sized element will be fully trained and ready to deploy tasked with defending the territorial as an EOD unit in Gozo and conduct sea integrity of the island of Gozo. Their rescuer operations during SAR operations tasks also include the provision of at sea on G-Command’s search and rescue military assistance to the Malta Police launch and patrol boat. This addition to Force and other Government G-Command’s complement will definitely departments and entities. boost AFM’s capabilities in Malta’s In 2018, G-Command’s Maritime northern archipelago.

Component conducted twenty-five

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24 OCTOBER 2019 OnParade

COMPONENT

MARITIME SQUADRON

Maritime Search and Rescue in Gozo

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HEADQUARTERS AFM

MARCHING IN The Armed Forces of Malta commits itself on a continuous investment of enlisting a strategic number of individuals on an annual basis in order to keep pace with the yearly commitments and achieve its’ mission both local and overseas. Retirements from the Force are also adversely affecting the AFM’s effective strength and should also be taken into consideration from a Human Resources’ perspective.

T Lieutenant Jessica Galea A/Staff Officer 3 Human Resources Management, Headquarters AFM

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he AFM provides Maltese citizens with an opportunity to serve for their country, however the job involves significant challenges in safeguarding national sovereignty and perform its’ primary defence functions successfully. Therefore, it is vital that the selection process for enlistment within the Force is set to a high standard in order to ensure that the right individuals are selected for the job.

When a call to fill vacant posts is published, all those who wish to serve within the Force would be

required to go through a selection process. Calls for applications may be issued for various positions at different levels within the Force and the eligibility criteria, both basic and more specific, is subject to the nature of enlistment taking place together with the entry requirements stipulated in the Government Gazette as deemed essential by the Human Resources Management Branch.

In the application process, and since 2015 (after amendments to the respective Law), applicants are now giving their consent to the Malta Police and other competent

HEADQUARTERS AFM

“The purpose of the selection process is to test the ability and potential of the applicants in the most relevant assessments to the vacant posts” authorities to provide the AFM with their full criminal record (Fedina Penali). This replaced the previous requisite of the Police Conduct Certificate. The former detailed document is providing the AFM with a better picture, and it reserves the right to annul the results of the selection process of any successful candidate who at any time is found to have an unacceptable criminal record.

This article provides an understanding of the AFM’s selection process methods that are currently in place, focusing particularly on the different phases

undertaken by those applicants interested in joining as soldiers in the Regular Force.

THE SELECTION PROCESS The purpose of the selection process is to test the ability and potential of the applicants in the most relevant assessments to the vacant posts and identify the best recruits. Over the last two years the AFM has replaced its’ former selection process of selecting those who express their interest to enlist

as Regular Soldiers and Officer Cadets with the introduction of a new modus operandi. The intention was twofold. To retain interested applicants and to give them a tangible experience of what they would be encountering in the first few months of their military career.

The former selection process could last over a good number of months with all the necessary intervals between assessments. Thus, by combining the three main selection phases in one day (Parts I, III and IV below) we have reduced this timeline to three months.

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HEADQUARTERS AFM

This process now takes place on a yearly basis and consists of the following phases: Part I Physical Efficiency Test Part II Written Examination (conducted by the Director of Examinations and the Board of Local Public Examinations on pre-determined dates stipulated in the Government Gazette)

Part III Interview Part IV Military Test Part V Medical Examination During this intensive experience, applicants go through the Physical Efficiency Test, the Interview, and a basic Military Test. These assessments will last for one working day and will take place in Luqa Barracks where candidates will have the opportunity to see whether a military career would be the right path for them. By close of business we would be in a position to identify the potential recruits. However, successful candidates would then be called for the final phase (Part V), the Medical Examination, and their enlistment would be subject to be found medically fit for duty to Regular Force standard.

THE PHYSICAL EFFICIENCY TEST The day kicks off with the first assessment, the physical efficiency test, following an introduction of the safety, expectations and restrictions throughout this experience. This test consists of a 1-mile run, push-ups, and sit-ups, and it is intended to test the ability of the candidates and ensure they are fit to the standard of fitness required. Applicants are expected to prepare themselves in advance and must at least attain the minimum standard in each discipline to be considered as having gained a pass in the physical efficiency test.

Subsequent to these tests, candidates are provided with shower and accommodation facilities to prepare themselves for the ensuing phases.

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THE INTERVIEW The interview is designed to assess an applicant’s suitability for military service and it consists of questions related to general knowledge, military knowledge, aptitude ability, reading and writing skills. Applicants are expected to prepare themselves and gather a brief insight about national interests and the AFM in general beforehand. Any certificates in their possession must be presented for vetting purposes to the interviewing board on the day of the selection process. The candidates are required to obtain a minimum of 150 points to be considered further.

THE MILITARY TEST This part of the selection process gives applicants a taste and a factual experience of a typical military recruitment training day to help them determine their suitability for a military life and discipline. The applicants are required to participate in a number of exercises of a military nature. This assessment consists of a Drill Session, Military Command Tasks, as well as a series of events which are frequently experienced throughout the recruitment training period.

The purpose of Drill is to produce alert, self-disciplined and obedient soldiers. Apart from the actual Drill movements which need to be addressed both on a personal and on a team level, Drill encompasses the foundations of military bearing, attention to detail and personal turn out.

Military Command Tasks are essential to encourage the element of teamwork between the candidates and ensure their ability to work with others without displaying any form of misconduct under pressure. Applicants are split into small teams and be given practical problemsolving tasks to complete as a team. They compete against the clock, and possibly other teams, so it is important to work well together.

The candidates are required to complete all the assessments in order to be considered to have successfully passed the AFM selection process.

MOVING TOWARDS THE END OF THE SELECTION PROCESS DAY Towards the end of this experience, the potential recruits are required to clean their accommodation facilities used throughout the day to a satisfactory standard. An inspection is carried out by the directing staff as per usual procedure, and should this be acceptable, that would mark the end of the AFM selection process day.

3 REGIMENT

FEMINA VIRTUTEM

Female Regimental Sergeant Majors... Making History

It is only natural that male soldiers almost invariably look up to their Sergeants or Regimental Sergeant Majors as role models. In our case, as female soldiers, we unfortunately lacked specific role models within our gender.

Little did we both know at the time that further along the line in our careers we were going to be selected to fill in the prestigious roles of Regimental Sergeant Majors ourselves though, the first ever females to be bestowed with the honour of being given the tile “First Amongst Equals” within our Regiments and become role models for the young female soldiers of today.

Warrant Officer 2 Dorothy Gauci Regimental Sergeant Major, 3 Regiment

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t was just as I was on the phone performing my duties as assistant to Staff Officer in charge of Civilian and Military Cooperation (CIMIC), tasking someone for a Street Lining detail, when I was informed that the Commander wanted to see me. Little did I know that his intention was to appoint me as Regimental Sergeant Major 3 Regiment. Well, coming out of his office afterwards I felt on top of the world (not to mention coming face to face with Garrison Sergeant Major Mulvaney with a wide grin on his face) “Congratulations WO2 Gauci, RSM 3 Regt, Welcome to the team”…

Having been in the Armed Forces of Malta for 24 years at 3 Regiment doing various jobs and roles such as clerk, instructor, driver and Chief Clerk and motivating my 3 brothers to join the army, being appointed RSM 3 Regt was like winning the lottery, but there was a higher onus on me now: to safe guard and maintain the standard, customs and traditions of those RSMs before me.

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3 REGIMENT

Staff Sergeant Lyndsay Shead Regimental Sergeant Major, Air Wing

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have been in the army for nearly 19 years now and have served at the Air Wing for 14 of them mainly as a clerk and Chief Clerk.

Amongst other qualifications, during these years, I also managed to acquire an A3 Armourer Trade and successfully finishing an Assistant Skill at Arms Instructor course making myself the first ever female to attain such qualifications.

In 2014, I was posted to Headquarters AFM and appointed Chief Clerk Human Resources Management Branch. Having the qualifications mentioned above, I also doubled as weapons instructor within HQ AFM, and I was actually giving a demonstration to a couple of young soldiers, explaining the weapon handling test procedure on the AK 56-2 when I was summoned by the Deputy Commander and informed that the Commander had appointed me Regimental Sergeant Major, Air Wing.

To say I was thunderstruck would be an understatement!

During my time as Chief Clerk Air Wing, I worked very close with Wing Sergeant Major WO Mulvaney who was also my mentor in the AFM. This taught me a lot during my military career and now I was finally following in his footsteps…

Air Wing Sergeant Major Lyndsay Shead I could not believe it!

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Being appointed RSM of the Regiment we grew up in brings both advantages and disadvantages. One already knows most of the personnel posted there and the system the Regiment adopts but on the other hand said personnel knew us in different roles and for some of them it seems hard to understand that we now walk in different shoes. However, this raises a bigger challenge, which to both of us, luckily invigorates our character to execute our jobs to a higher level.

The role of an RSM carries massive responsibilities. Together with being in charge of discipline and smooth running of the Regt, which is our main objective, the RSM must make sure that welfare and high morale of personnel are guaranteed.

The RSM’s job also entails mentorship of NCOs and exacting from them the highest standards possible, insisting on the smartest

turn out and being obedient to orders to the letter.

Nowadays an RSM’s approach to get personnel to follow orders in a disciplined manner can only be as effective if they understand why and if they trust us which makes us focus on the hearts and minds more often than not. To an extent it is also important for an RSM to find the balance in keeping harmony between both Regimental Command and subordinates.

The challenges facing us are many especially considering the fact that discipline within society has taken a different turn than in the old days past, which is why new approaches and new methods are constantly required in order to tackle society’s produce. As representatives of the age old system of military custom, tradition and discipline, we shall embrace that challenge fully and head strong ~ After all, its all about female power.

HEADQUARTERS AFM

THE FIRST AFM CONTINGENT DEPLOY TO LEBANON MALTA’S CONTRIBUTION TO UNIFIL...

Major Christian A. Zammit Cordina Staff Officer 2 International Affairs Branch, Headquarters AFM

MALTA’S CONTINUED COMMITMENT TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY

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he United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon or UNIFIL was established on the 19th of March 1978 on a United Nations Security Council resolution following the first Israeli invasion of Lebanon, 5 days prior. The original mandate was designed to confirm the Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore international peace and security, and help the Lebanese government restore its effective authority in the area.

Following the second Israeli invasion in 1982 and the eventual withdrawal from Lebanon in 2000, the UNIFIL mandate was adjusted twice. This was once again

enhanced after the Lebanon War of 2006. UNIFIL’s mandate was to monitor the cessation of violence whilst support the Lebanese Armed Forces deploy throughout the south of the country. The mission was also extended to ensure the distribution of humanitarian aid.

Following the 2006 Lebanon War, the United Nations Security Council enhanced UNIFIL and decided that in addition to the original mandate, it would, amongst other things monitor the cessation of hostilities, accompany and support the Lebanese Armed Forces as they deploy throughout the south of Lebanon, and extend its assistance to help ensure humanitarian access to civilian populations and the safe return of displaced persons.

Currently 43 troop contributing counties make up UNIFIL, deploying

a total of 10500 peacekeepers from across the globe to maintain peace on the Blue Line. Malta is now one of these contributing countries deploying with the Irish Battalion posted thereat.

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HEADQUARTERS AFM

Q&A

WITH...

Lieutenant Manwel Borg National Contingent Commander, UNIFIL, Headquarters AFM

1. What was your first reaction and feeling when you got to know you will be sent out to Lebanon?

When my Commanding Officer approached me about this mission, I was naturally anxious and concerned, but I knew my hard work throughout the past 11 years of my military career has led up to this moment, so I grasped it with both hands.

I felt proud that I was chosen and felt a sense of obligation to attain outstanding results as well as a deep sense of commitment towards the Force and my country. I knew my duty will be stretching wider than just fulfilling my mission whilst conducting my daily tasks, but the safeguarding of the whole contingent, comprising of 10 more AFM personnel, should come first and foremost.

2. What kind of preparation does it involve?

Preparations to deploy on such a mission started early and were as meticulous as one could possibly imagine. As a contingent, we trained hard to achieve the required physical standards, initiated training on the weapon to be used in the theatre of operation, received cultural awareness 32 OCTOBER 2019 OnParade

lectures as well as prepared the mandatory administration and logistical requirements such as the taking of immunisation shots, the preparation of equipment and the gathering of mission essential documentation.

On the 9th of March 2019, we departed to Finner Camp, Ballyshannon in Ireland to conduct 7-week forming up training on a battalion level. This 7-week training period ended with a culminating exercise in the Glen of Imaal in the Western Wicklow mountains.

3. How did your training, both local and abroad, prepare you for what you faced once you had landed in the theatre of operation?

As part of my training to be commissioned as an officer in the AFM, I had to endure a 16-month cadetship course with the Defence Forces of Ireland, therefore I already had a very

good idea of tactics, procedures and military doctrine that the Irish adopt.

Though operation at battalion level, with over 440 personnel while deployed overseas is quite different and presents many challenges.

Upon my deployment, a lengthy handing / taking over period was both mandatory and vital, in order to perform the job in a professional and efficient manner. I was constantly attending various briefs, touring the area of operation to familiarize myself with the area whilst shadowing Captain Andre Buhagiar during his daily tasks, who had been in theatre with the 113th Irish Battalion for the past 6 months.

4. What duties and tasks have you been assigned?

My appointment during this deployment is of a Tactical Operations Centre (TOC) watch keeper. My duties include the strategic coordination of every patrol leaving the post, the monitoring of every movement inside and outside of our area of responsibility, reporting to Sector West Head Quarters any activities deemed necessary inside the IRISHBATT area of observation as well as briefing anyone from Patrol Commanders up to the Battalion Commander.

5. What are your impression so far?

As a Maltese officer, I am proud with the level of professionalism that the whole contingent is displaying, the state-of-the-art equipment that we are conducting our daily operations with, and the military tactical knowledge that have been taught to us in various courses, local and abroad, throughout the years. The exposure and experience gained while working directly with the Defence Forces of Ireland in this UNIFIL deployment, will certainly be beneficial not just for us, as a contingent, but also for future deployments, for the Armed Forces of Malta and for our Nation.

4 REGIMENT

MORE THAN JUST A JOB!

Career progression and training at the AFM Training School

Lieutenant Iona Muscat Second In Command Training School, 4 Regiment

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our years since its re-establishment, Training School continues to strive for excellence in moulding today’s young men and women into tomorrow’s soldiers. This is done through basic military training which is so aptly executed by the instructors of the Initial Training Section of the School. Yet, basic training is not the only investment which the AFM makes in its soldiers.

Through the AFM Training School, servicemen and women hailing from all units within the Force periodically embark on career-progression courses which are intended to refine their basic skills and augment their knowledge thus enabling them to grow in their military careers.

The following will be an overview of the raison d’être of the Career Development Section (CDS) within the AFM Training School. It goes to show how progressing in one’s career does not simply boil down to age and experience but involves a degree of training in various military subjects intended to help a soldier develop personally and professionally, in line with the AFM’s dictum: being a soldier in the AFM is not simply a job, but a rewarding career.

In line with the latest Soldier’s Career Handbook, which was put into effect in 2015, every soldier must undergo at least two cadre courses in

order to be eligible for promotion up the ranks, irrespective of the unit he or she serves at. Young soldiers having completed 4 years of service need to pass a Junior NonCommissioned Officer (JNCO) Cadre Course to qualify for the rank of Lance Bombardier and, three years later, that of Bombardier. On the other hand, soldiers who would have completed 11 years of service and satisfy a number of criteria for promotion to the rank of Sergeant and eventually Staff Sergeant will have to undergo the Senior NonCommissioned Officer (SNCO) Cadre Course. The planning and execution of these 4-month courses is entrusted to the CDS of the School which, ever since its establishment, has held the candidates’ success at heart. This is indeed where the concept of the soldier’s career progression comes to life.

At JNCO level, the cadre course is intended to prepare young soldiers OnParade OCTOBER 2019 33

4 REGIMENT

in the enlisted rank of Gunner to take their first steps towards leading a small number of subordinate soldiers. In the initial stages of the course, candidates are expected to brush up on their basic soldiering skills – all of which they would have learnt in their basic military training, a few years before.

Gradually, other subjects are introduced some of which build up on basics already learnt, others being completely new. In the former group are subjects such as drill, skill at arms and navigation, amongst others. Field craft too, is considered a key-module in the JNCO syllabus and relates to the soldiers’ tactics and operations in the battle field. Moving on from the rudimentary infantry training, aspiring JNCOs are taught, through theory and practice, how to lead a small group of soldiers in combat and adopt a more responsible approach towards achieving their superiors’ intent in the operational context. This ties in nicely with another subject at the other end of the spectrum which, albeit entirely new to many of our JNCO candidates, contributes significantly to their formation into junior leaders.

Leadership in itself is a very complex subject meriting entire courses of its own, yet within the Career Development Section, it is tailored to reflect the needs of the aspiring JNCO. Our dedicated instructors adapt key-notions of leadership (such as qualities of a leader, leadership skills, command tools as well as communication & behavioural studies) so that successful candidates may then employ them in their daily work upon promotion to the JNCO ranks within their respective units. The same concept is applied to the teaching of the various other subjects of the course, which include defence writing, instructor training and military law, amongst others. One needs not delve

elements which are introduced at this level are intended to address situations which successful candidates may come across as effective AFM SNCOs. Amongst these are operations such as internal security whereby candidates are trained for crowd control, vehicle check-points and manning operational command posts. Other subjects which would have already been explored at JNCO level are taken a notch higher. Taking field craft as an example once again, the focus now shifts towards the process of troop-leading, rather than simply learning groundtactics. Of course, the list goes on and no definite quantity of space and time may be enough to say all there is to say about career progression courses offered by the School.

It is truly an extraordinary experience and a privilege to witness the progress which candidates make through their cadre training at the AFM Training School. This is what makes our mission more than just a job. The courses are currently in the process of getting accredited to national standards so that successful candidates may soon be officially certified at a level recognised by both military and civil institutions.

The School, on the other hand, continuously invests time and effort in improving candidates’ experiences, in full knowledge of the fact that this makes a steeper learning curve for its own instructors, whose selfless commitment to the success of others is beyond remarkable. Yet, no regrets!

As those who work tirelessly behind the scenes do know:

“The courses are currently in the process of getting accredited to national standards so that successful candidates may soon be officially certified at a level recognised by both military and civil institutions”

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too deeply into the syllabus of each subject to realise how varied the menu is for the aspiring JNCO. Indeed, absorbing new information becomes the order of the day for every candidate wishing to be successful, as demanding as that may be.

Needless to say, if the JNCO Course may be considered demanding, the SNCO cadre course may be doubly so.

Not as much for the nature of the subjects taught as for the fact that at SNCO level, candidates are expected to think and act as Sergeants – soldiers of which rank are often considered to be the officers’ “right-hand men or women”. Notions of character and competence take on a much more significant role, whilst levels of responsibility increase to befit seasoned soldiers capable of leading an entire platoon. Accountability and management, for instance, are two key-principles learnt in the Range Management Qualification sub-course and which is exclusive to the SNCO cadre. Likewise, new operational

‘Success always demands a greater effort.’

(W. Churchill, in Their Finest Hour, London: Cassell, 1949: 541)

HEADQUARTERS AFM

THE AFM’S ‘DEFENCE ESTATE’ A LEGACY OF BRITISH MILITARY ARCHITECTURE

Major John Stroud Staff Officer 2 Strategy and Forward Planning, Headquarters AFM

FORT MOSTA

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ort Mosta serves as the base of the Ammunition & Explosives, Storage & Disposal Squadron of the 3rd Regiment AFM it is also utilised as an ammunition depot. It was built between 1878 and the 1880s by the British as part of a major defensive line of fortifications known as the Victoria Lines.

Fort Mosta, which is one of three forts, the . other two sister forts being Fort Bingemma and Fort Madliena, is probably the more strategically located fort along these fortified lines. The Fort dominates the ridge overlooking Wied il-Gh-asel, the Burmarrad plateau and the approaches from the seaward side of the Salini area.

Unlike Fort Madliena, Fort Mosta was not intended to act within a coastal defence role, but more as an inland fortified emplacement which would defend the eastern and western extremities of the Victoria lines. During its commissioning into serve it was armed with 64-pounder smooth-bore muzzle loading guns, and at a later stage 6-inch breech-

Upon taking over Malta as its operational base in the Mediterranean, the British administration wasted no time in commissioning the construction of new military infrastructure which has resulted in numerous fine examples of impressive British military architecture spanning over two decades, in fact the Armed forces of Malta’s defence estate is a result of this intriguing legacy.

This article delves into the history of the main locations where units of the land component of the Armed Forces of Malta are based, namely Fort Mosta, Fort Madliena, Luqa, Lyster, Safi and Pembroke Barracks.

loading guns were emplaced. With the decommissioning of the Victoria lines Fort Mosta did not retain its strategic importance as a main defensive strong point, and was subsequently transformed into an ammunition depot by the British, without a doubt its location on a ridgeline which naturally makes the larger part of the Fort rather impregnable contributed to such a use. In fact the Fort has remained utilised as an ammunition storage facility until the present day.

FORT MADLIENA

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ort Madliena formerly known as Fort Madalena, is a polygonal fort situated on the Madliena ridge overlooking the . .

Bah-ar Ic-Cagh-aq coastline. The Fort was also built between 1878 and 1880 by the British as part of the Victoria Lines defensive system running along a natural ridge line dividing the northern part from the more densely populated southern part of Malta.

Fort Madliena, was apparently built on the site of a fifteenth century chapel dedicated to Mary Magdalene, hence the origin of its name.

The Fort’s primary function was to serve as a main coastal defensive position and had guns emplaced which had an effective range of about 8000 yards. Although the Victoria Lines defensive concept was decommissioned by 1907, Fort Madliena, remained in use and it was transformed into a communications post for the Royal Air Force, and then as a radar station during World War II. The radar station remained in use by NATO until the British Forces left Malta in 1979 and the fort was handed to the Maltese Government.

Intriguingly the Fort still serves as a communication post and radar station until the present day and is manned by C2S Company personnel from 4 Regiment, Armed Forces of Malta.

PEMBROKE BARRACKS

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he history of the vast complex of Pembroke’s military infrastructure goes way back to the mid Victorian period when early in 1860 the War Office sought the lease of land in this area in order to develop the location into a large military base.

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HEADQUARTERS AFM

However the earliest trace to the actual name leads us to the year 1859, when the Secretary of War at the time, Sidney Herbert, had approved the establishment and construction of a musketry training area which came to be named Pembroke Camp. It is likely, that this new camp was named in honour of his father who was the 12th Earl of Pembroke.

Pembroke’s military infrastructure expanded over the years especially during the period preceding and throughout the First World War years, followed by further expansion during the ‘roaring 20s’ and it was probably around this time when buildings forming part of the present day Pembroke Barracks were constructed as part of a large group of ‘Nissen’ huts named St Paul’s Hutments. More buildings were added to St Paul’s Hutments in 1942 and these new buildings occupied by the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers served as garages and workshops. The entire group of Hutments became affectionately referred to as The Silver City, due to their prefabricated silvercoloured corrugated iron roofs.

Pembroke Barracks, as it came to be known under the tenancy of the AFM is a small military compound which occupies a number of former buildings at St Paul’s Hutments. This small base is where the Plant Troop of the Combat Engineer Squadron, 3rd Regiment is based, this Troop is responsible for all heavy field engineering tasks and hence this is where one will find all the earth moving heavy vehicles and field engineering equipment. This Barracks is also a ‘stone’s throw away’ from Pembroke Ranges which are still the main military rifle ranges in use to date by the AFM.

LUQA BARRACKS

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uqa Barracks is only a small part of what was once RAF Luqa, a large RAF Base which grew over the years starting from the prelude of World War 2. Work started early in 1939, and Luqa was to become Malta’s first tarmac airfield. RAF Luqa also served as the RAF Mediterranean Command headquarters during the War. Luqa remained a strategic RAF base after the Second World War, particularly during the Suez Crisis of 1956, whilst also serving Malta as the main civilian airport. The RAF retained the military use of the Luqa runways until its departure from Malta in April 1979.

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Luqa Barracks which was the ‘Domestic Site’ of RAF Luqa today houses the main administrative components of the Army, more significantly one finds the Headquarters Armed Forces of Malta. It is a joint Headquarters that operates at the military strategic as well as the operational and tactical levels. The Force Headquarters is supported by the AFM Operations Centre which is also found within the same Base. Luqa Barracks is also home to one of the AFM parent Units namely, 4th Regiment AFM. This Regiment provides service support to all AFM Units in peace time and in times of crises.

SAFI BARRACKS

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he 3rd Regiment, AFM is based at Safi Barracks, this Regiment is a combat support Unit whose role is to contribute to the support of the other AFM Units by deploying well-trained soldiers in providing adequate service support and field engineering tasks.

Safi Barracks is located where once stood RAF Safi a small air field, which served as an –al auxiliary air strip to RAF Luqa and RAF H Far during the Second World War. RAF Safi was commissioned in 1941 by Air Commodore Maynard, who foresaw the requirement of additional airstrips due to the enemy targeting of the other airfields throughout the war years. Initial construction was carried out by the Malta Police Force and concluded by the Hampshire Regiment in 1942.

With the end of the war the airstrips at Safi became redundant and the airfield was transformed into a maintenance base. RAF Safi was also briefly utilised as a Prisoner of War (POW) Camp for German POWs between 1945 and 1946 and was referred to as No.2 Safi POW Camp, it was closed down

on 10 September 1946 with the 510 POWs transferred to the No 1 Pembroke POW Camp.

By the 1960s most of the RAF servicemen had been replaced and the maintenance facility complement was mostly made up of civilian staff, and by the late 70s the site was taken over by the Maltese Government.

A number of original nissen huts dating back to the initial construction phase of RAF Safi still stand to this day and are in use by sub units of 3 Regiment. One very interesting feature which has withstood the course of time is a series of cobbled pathways linking a number of these original nissen huts. It is said that these cobbled pathways were laid by the German POWs who were also utilised as labourers in the upkeep and maintenance of the base and other sites in Malta.

HEADQUARTERS AFM

LYSTER BARRACKS

L

yster Barracks also once formed part of a much larger Air force base, and was designed as an accommodation –al Far later named barracks within RAF H HMS Falcon, a military installation utilised by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy.

–al Far also had its own airfield which RAF H was constructed in 1922 and until the 1930s served as the runway for all civilian and military planes operating in Malta.

–al Far as The Fleet Air Arm, used RAF H a shore-base for its carrier-based aircraft, during the second world war years the length of the runways were increased due to its strategic location and importance as

an airfield, it however also proved to be a prime target for many of the aerial enemy bombings.

–al Far had new During the 1950s RAF H runways constructed suited for the use of jet aircraft and during this period it became host to the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Air Division which utilised the facility between 1950 and 1956 as a training base.

With the departure of the RAF from Malta and its ultimate closure as an airfield, it was later utilised for a number of years as a facility for private aircraft maintenance. In addition it also served as the base to the then newly formed Helicopter Flight of the Armed Forces of Malta.

Lyster Barracks is now home to the AFM’s Infantry Battalion, namely 1 Regiment which

is made up of five Companies. Within the military base perimeter one finds four main barrack blocks and one administrative quarters. The four accommodation blocks still bear the respective names given by the former British tenants, which intriguingly have been named after the Royal Navy aircraft carriers, Glorious, Courageous, Eagle and Hermes a link to the Fleet Air Arm and a proud reminder to all that this was ultimately a Royal Navy Installation.

REFERENCES: Dr Stephen Spiteri – British Military Architecture, 1996 Stephen A Petroni - Prisoners-of-war in Malta, 2005 John Stroud – Safi Barracks WW2 POW camp, 2010 Denis Darmanin - Pembroke: from war symbol to spacious modern town, 2013 Authors own research OnParade OCTOBER 2019 37

MARITIME SQUADRON

THE MARITIME SQUADRON FLEET, PROPELLED BY THE FORCE OF UNSUNG HEROES

Major David Aquilina Officer Commanding Support Command, Maritime Squadron

T

he Maritime Squadron fleet is composed of a variety of vessels which serve different purposes such as military duties, defence of the Maltese sovereign territory, law enforcement, search and rescue, support to civilian operations, international operations and numerous other duties for which an exhaustive list is impossible to compile.

The main aim of the Maritime Squadron is to have the maximum percentage of the fleet 38 OCTOBER 2019 OnParade

readily available for deployment thus no effort is spared in minimizing the downtime of the vessels.

A military vessel casting off from the Maritime Squadron base to carry out operations which may entail saving lives is a marvellous sight, nevertheless this would not be achievable without the crew on board the vessel and the shore based personnel whom are heavily involved in the administration, logistics and technical support. Whilst the crew on board the vessel execute a critical role, the vessels cannot operate effectively unless there is harmonised support from the shore based personnel.

Having an operational vessel requires the effort of several personnel yielding from different backgrounds with various expertise.

Apart from military personnel civilian

contractors are also engaged for specific works. The in house expertise together with the additional knowledge brought by civilian contractors proficient in the field ensure that the vessels are kept at the desired operational standard.

Some may not be aware of what it takes to maintain a military vessel and thus might think that it does not take too much effort to keep the vessels operating, nothing could be further from the truth. Maintaining the operational capability of the vessel requires having an organisation which is comparable to a gear train where the failure of one of the gears may have catastrophic consequences on the operability of the vessel. The continuous operational tempo at the Maritime Squadron has compelled the organisation to become more agile, increase the efficiency of the

MARITIME SQUADRON

circumstances for which equipment on board a vessel might fail thus the repair team have to rise up to the challenge and carry out the repairs effectively, efficiently and in an economically feasible manner.

Planning ahead is not an option but a modus operandi which has to be adopted to ensure the maximum operability of the fleet.

Maintenance cannot be carried out unless the necessary parts are ordered well in advance.

processes, ensure synchronization between the teams and withstand operating under pressure for prolonged periods of time.

In generic terms, a vessel is comprised of navigation and surveillance sensors, the propulsion plant, the electrical generation plant, hotel services and military equipment.

Keeping all the plant and equipment in running order involves a rigorous maintenance and repair schedule which needs to be strictly adhered to.

Works on the vessels can be divided in two categories, the periodical maintenance schedules (PMS) and specific repair tasks.

PMSs are checks and tests that are carried out on a daily, weekly and monthly basis to ensure the operational availability of specific equipment. In addition to the periodical or planned maintenance there are unforeseen

Off the shelf parts are also required to cater for unforeseen circumstances nevertheless if an event is unforeseen, the parts cannot be ordered in advance. The off the shelf parts list is compiled by competent personnel whom through personal and collective experience can define to a certain degree what could fail however this is not an infallible method as it is not possible to have all the parts which can be found on a vessel in store off the shelf.

Let us consider what happens when a vessel of the fleet is operating, the crew are the first liners with regards to the operation of the vessel and maintenance although they do need logistical support to operate.

Following the procurement procedure is quite a laborious task whereby the crew or specialized shore based personnel source quotations for the required parts, materials and equipment. The paper work is then handed over to the Maritime Squadron Quarter Master who prepares the necessary documents for the Commanding Officer and in certain instances for the endorsement of HQ AFM. As soon as the procured parts are delivered they are inserted in a database which is then used when the parts are required. The store personnel are also in

charge of keeping a re-order level to ensure that off the shelf parts are available when required. The stocking of parts together with proper storage helps to reduce the downtime a vessel would incur vis-Ă -vis procuring a spare part from scratch.

We have seen that a task on a vessel has involved seagoing personnel, shore based personnel, the Maritime Squadron Headquarters and the AFM Headquarters.

Other major maintenance and repair works such as the docking of vessels are carried out through tender procedures which would entail the crew compiling a list of works, the shore personnel vetting it and then move the process up through the procurement chain. When the procurement procedures are completed, both the crew and shore personnel ensure that the works are executed in accordance with what was established in the procurement procedure and in line with good industry standards.

There is a symbiotic relationship between seagoing and shore based personnel where one cannot exist without the other. It is not a matter of defining personnel by their specific employment but a matter of recognizing the contribution of a team towards a common objective which in the case of Maritime Squadron is that of having the vessels ready for deployment by maintaining them to the highest standards. The cooperation between each and every individual ensures that all the complexities surrounding the maintenance and repairs of the Maritime Squadron fleet are resolved smoothly although sometimes through a difficult, tedious and laborious process.

It is not an uncommon sight to see personnel standing on the quay when one of the vessels is casting off or mooring. There is a sense of pride, comradeship and sometimes nostalgia during these events. The sense of pride is experienced by those who contribute in any way to the vessel so that it can sail, comradeship by personnel whom have worked together in achieving an objective which has benefitted the vessel and nostalgia by those whom once worked at sea and are now employed ashore.

It is quite difficult for a member or ex member of the Maritime Squadron not to feel a strong emotion when seeing the vessels out at sea. It might be pertinent to say that many have fond experiences which were gathered during their time serving at the Maritime Squadron and that these will be cherished throughout their lifetime.

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 39

HEADQUARTERS AFM

THE AFM’S NEW FLAGSHIP

Offshore Patrol Vessel P71

Major European Engineer Russell Caruana Staff Officer 2 Integrated Logistics Branch, Headquarters AFM

B

ack in 2014, as part of the Armed Forces of Malta’s strategic plan to modernize the Force, the AFM embarked on the acquisition of a more superior and capable patrol vessel.

This will be strengthening Malta’s border surveillance operations and improve the reaction capabilities within the areas falling under the responsibility of the Government of Malta as well as safeguarding the external Borders of the European Union.

The Maltese Government prioritized the acquisition of a €50 million Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) with the assistance of the European Union under the Internal Security Fund Programme for the period 2014-2020.

The new OPV, unique amongst the range of vessels of this size in service with the AFM, is expected to operate in rough seas, host and refuel the recently acquired AW139 helicopters, be equipped with sophisticated weaponry, have more endurance and provide better living conditions for the crew. An AFM team, representing all branches started

preparing the technical specifications and tender documents, followed by adjudicating bids and finally awarding the contract.

On 12 October 2018, the tender was awarded to Cantiere Navale Vittoria. The latter, responsible of constructing many of the Italian Coast Guard and Customs’ fleet were also responsible for the building of the 2 Search and Rescue launches still operated by the Armed Forces of Malta today.

It is with great satisfaction to note that the construction of Malta’s flag ship progresses towards completion on daily basis with delivery scheduled towards the end of 2020.

Project ImplementationDesign Phase The first months of the project implementation saw the shipyard together with the assigned designer, CINTRANAVAL Ship Design hailing from Spain, engage with the AFM project team in order to ensure that the ship is built in accordance with the contract and to the highest of standards.

To minimize risk, one of the contract requirements was to build a model of the ship during the design phase, to verify that the initial calculations for speed, propulsion power and sea-keeping would be guaranteed, once the ship was built to full scale. Wind tunnel test were also conducted on a similar scale model to minimise air turbulence during aft deck landing evolutions.

Initial Construction Phase The start of production steel cutting and fabrication of vessel blocks (sections), commenced in February 2019 while concurrently, detailed designs for other auxiliary systems such as heating ventilation, air conditioning, electrical systems, amongst others, progressed at a steady pace.

An important milestone achieved in June was the joining of the initial blocks of the vessel, and as maritime tradition dictates, such occasions are celebrated by welding coins to the keel. Brigadier Jeffrey Curmi, presided over the Keel Laying Ceremony, wherein 3 coins were welded to the hull, one representing the AFM while the other two coins represents the builder and the designer of the vessel.

Subsequent blocks have been completed

OnParade OCTOBER 2019 41

HEADQUARTERS AFM

and joined together. Meanwhile, factory acceptance tests for the main machinery and equipment continue to speed under the supervision of an AFM’s project team.

Upon completion, OPV P71 will have an overall length of 74.8 meters and a beam of 13 meters, displacing 1,800 tons, and able to attain speeds in excess of 20 knots.

It will be armed by a 25mm remotely operated cannon, host helicopters with a maximum takeoff weight of 7 tons and equipped with two 9.1m rigid hull inflatable boats (dinghies), deployable from a stern notch and side davits. The vessel will also be equipped with state-of-the-art command and communications equipment, including a short range air surveillance radar.

The OPV will be propelled by two diesel electric hybrid engines, incorporating electric motor drives for driving the ship at speeds below 12 knots, thereby reducing fuel consumption, CO2 emissions, and maintenance costs. Prior to launching, the crew will be trained to operate and maintain the OPV and its equipment, and then take command of the vessel with the hoisting of its commissioning pennant.

The AFM’s Maritime Squadron has made huge efforts to procure and upgrade its operational assets since its establishment in 1970 when two riverine Swift Boats were received from the United States of America and manned by an army artillery troop. The commissioning of this new OPV, will mark another major step forward in the Squadron history, enabling it to secure our borders in order to safeguard national sovereignty and interest.

Internal Security Fund 2014 – 2020 This Project is part-financed by the European Union Co-financing rate: 75% EU Funds 25% Beneficiary Funds Sustainable Management of Internal Security