c m y bk
hmcm-¥-∏-Xn∏v ○
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2009 HIv t Sm- _ ¿ 18
sj-co-^v kmK¿
t_mk- v\- n-bb- n-¬ B-`y-¥c- b- p-≤w aq-¿≤- \- yX-bn-seØn-b Im-e-Øm-Wv (1992˛95) C-‚-en-P-‚ vkv _yq-tdm-bp-sS {]-tXy-I A-t\z-j-W-kw-Lw ae-∏p-ds - Ø-Øp-∂Xv. bp-tKm-t…m-hy-≥ Fw-_k - n-°p e-`n-® H-cp I-Øn-\p ]n-∂mse kn. lw-k F-∂ bp-hm-hn-s\-tØ-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p B h-c-hv. tI-´p-tIƒ-hn-bn-√m-Ø hn-[w sk-¿_ - p-Iƒ - ap-ke -v nw-Is - f Iq´-s°m-e sN-øp-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p, t_m-k\ v- n-bb - n¬. C{Xbpw hn-Zym-kº - ∂ - c - p≈, N-cn-{X-Øn-s‚ hy-‡amb ]n-≥_ - e - a - p-≈ H-cp P-\X - Cß-s\ sN-øp-sa-∂v hn-iz-kn-°m-\m-hp-∂n-√. ap-ke v- nwI-sf H-∂S¶w hwil-Xy sN-øm-\p-≈ Cu {Iq-c ]≤Xn A-h-km\n-∏n-®n-s√-¶n¬ ssZ-hw \nß-sf in-£n°pw F∂m-bn-cp-∂p Aco-t°mSv X-]m-em-∏o-kn-¬\ - n-∂v bptKm-t…m-hy-≥ Fw-_k - n-bn-te-°v t]m-b I-Øn-se D-≈S- ° - w. GtXm Xo-{hhm-Z kw-L-S-\-bn-se Aw-Kw Xßsf in-£n-°p-sa-∂v Im-Wn-®v a-e-∏pd-Øv \n∂v I-sØ-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p C-‚e - n-P‚ - vkv _yq-tdm-sb bp-tKm-t…m-hy≥ Fw_-kn [-cn∏n-®Xv. ssZ-hsØ A-dn-bm-ØXp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw I-ayq-Wn-kv-‰p-Imcmb A-h-¿ `-b-s∏-´-sX-∂v B I-Øns\ Hm¿-Øv Nn-cn®p-sIm-≠v lw-km-° ]-db - p-∂p. C-‚e - n-P‚ - k -v n-s‚ A-t\zj-Ww I-gn-™v Zn-h-k-ß-ƒ-°p-ti-jw B-`y-¥-c I-em-]-Øn-¬ apkvv-enw-I-ƒ am-{X-a-√ C-c-I-fm-Ip∂-Xv F-∂ hn-i-ZoI-cW - h - p-am-bn bp-tKm-t…m-hy-≥ Fw-_k - n-bn-¬\ - n∂v a-dp]-Sn h-∂p.
a- s ‰m- c p Po- h nXw B-[p-\n-IX - b - p-sS sImt´m Ipc-htbm C-√msX C-ßs\-sbm-cp kq-^n Po-hn-Xw A-km-[y-am-sW∂v; tI-ƒ° - p-∂h - ¿ - ]-dt- ™-°mw. F-∂m-¬ hm-kvX-h-Øn-s‚ temI-Øv C-ßs\-sbm-cm-ƒ Po-hn-®ncn-°p∂p. a-s‰m-cp Po-hn-Xw km-[y-am-sW-∂v sX-fnbn® kn. lw-k F-∂ F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥, Nn-¥-I≥. t]-¿j - y-≥ kz-]v\ - ß - f - p-sS, `m-jb - p-sS A-km-[y-Xeß-sf kv-]-¿-in-®v Po-h-\n-¬ ]-S-¿Øn-b H-cp a\p-jy-≥. C-dm-\n-b-≥ Nn-¥-I-ƒ-s°m-∏w \-S∂v Cu \memw ¢m- p-Im-c-≥ kz-¥-am-°nbXv `mj-bp-sS A-Xn-cp-Iƒ - ° - pa∏pd-sØ \-∑I - f - mWv. a-e-bm-f-Øn-\p ]pdsa Cw-•ojv, A-d_n, DdpZp, lnµn, t]-¿j - y-≥, kw-kvI - r-Xw Xp-Sßnb `m-jI - f - n-¬ {]m-ho-Wy-ap-≈ kn.lw-k t]¿-jy-≥ `m-jb - n-ep≈ \n-ch-[n ]p-kvX - I - ß - ƒ a-e-bm-f-Øn-te-°v hn-h-¿Ø-\w sN-bv-Xn´p-≠.v 1956 sa-bv 10\v ]me-°mSv Pn√-bnse I¿°n-Smw-Ip-∂n-ep≈ H-cp km-[m-c-W IpSpw-_-Øn-¬ P-\n-® lw-k \memw ¢m- v kv-Iq-ƒ hn-Zym-`ym-khpw A©mw ¢m- v a{Z-km hn-Zym-`ym-khpw e-`n-® ti-jw ]-≈n Z-¿-kp-I-fn-te-°v ]-Tn-°m≥ t]m-hp-I-bm-bncp-∂p. Z-¿-kp-I-fn-¬ ]-Tn-®n-cp-∂ Im-e-ØpXs∂ D-≈n-¬ A-S-ßm-Ø hn-⁄m-\-Zm-lw apf-s]m-´n-bn-cp∂p. A-dn-hp t\-Sm-\p-≈ B-¿ØnsIm-≠v hy-h-ÿm]n-X Nn-´-h-´ß-sf ]-et∏mgpw [n-°-cn-°m≥ ss[-cyw Im´n-b lw-k, sN-dp-∏-Øn-te am-dn Nn-¥n-°m-\p-≈ B-¿÷hw t\-Sn-. ]-e ]-≈n-I-fn-em-bn \n∂pw ]p-dØmbpw Hm-Øv ]-Tn-® A-t±-lw kz-]v-\-Xpeyam- b A- d n- h ns‚ I- h m- S - ß - ƒ Xm≠nb-Xv s]-s´-∂m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A-Xn-\p ]n-∂n-¬ Xym-K-Øns‚ I\-ep ]mIn-b hgn- I - f p- ≠ m- b n- c p∂p. lw-
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| sundaychandrika@gmail.com
k ]-d-bp∂p: im-¥-]p-cw tIm-tf-Pn-¬ ]-Tn-°p-∂ k-ab - Ø - m-Wv _m-∏m-°v A-kp-Jw _m-[n-®Xv. tImtf-Pn-¬-\n-∂v a-t©-cn Pn-√m B-kv-]-{Xn-bn-¬-h-∂v _m∏-sb ip-{iq-jn°pw. km-º-Øn-I-am-bn Zp-cn-XIm-ea - m-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. ssI-bn¬ ss]-kb - n-√m-ØXn-\m¬ tkm-∏n-√m-sX-bm-bn-cp-∂p Ip-fn-®n-cp-∂Xv. tIm-tf-Pn-¬\ - n-∂v e-`n-®n-cp-∂ `-£W - a - m-bn-cp-∂p GI B-izmkw. ]n-∂o-Sv _mw-•q-cn-te-°v h-≠n-Ib - dn. _mw-•q-cnse I-t‚m-¨-sa-‚ n-se-Øn-b-t∏m-ƒ a-e_m-¿ ap-kvenw P-amA-Øv F∂ t_m¿-Uv I≠p. A-hn-sS sh-®v I-≠ a-e-bm-fn-bp-sS k-lm-b-Øn¬ H-cp Xp-Wn-°-S-bn¬ tPm-en In´n. A-hn-sS tPmen sN-bv-Xv B-Zy-am-bn _m-∏m-°v a-cp-∂v hm-ßm-≥ 50 cq-] A-b®p-sIm-SpØp. _m-∏ a-cn-® hnh-cw Hcp t]m-kv‰ - v Im-¿U - n-eq-sS-bm-Wv Rm-\d - n-bp-∂X - v. ]n-s∂ A-hnS-∂p t]m∂p. im-¥-]p-cw tIm-tfPn-se {]n-≥-kn-∏m-ƒ F.sI A-–p-ƒ-Jm-Z-¿ auehn Ip-∂-°m-hv a-{Z-k-bn-¬ k-Z-dn-s‚ H-gn-hn-¬ tNcm-≥ ]-d™p. sN-dp-∏-°m-c\m-b F-s∂ A-hn-sSbp-≈-h-¿-°v A{X ]n-Sn-®n-s√-¶nepw aq-∂v h-¿-jtØm-fw ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂- Ip-´n-It- fm-sSm-∏w A-hc - p-sS kvI - q-fn-se ]p-kX -v I - ß - ƒ t\m-°n ]-Tn-®v ap-hm-‰p]pg P-amA-Øv h-\n-Xm tIm-tf-Pn-¬ A-[ym-]I - \ - mbn. ]m-c-º-cy-Nn-¥-I-fn-¬-\n-∂v hn-Sm-sX F-√m hn-`m-Khp-ambpw tbm-Pn-∏n-s‚ ta-J-e-I-ƒ I-s≠-Øm-≥ Rm-≥ {i-an-®n-cp∂p. Xm-a-k ku-I-cy-an-√m-Ø Ahn-sS P-am-A-Øp-Im-¿ ]-≈n-bp-≠m-°m-≥ {i-an-®-
B-[p-\n-I-X-bp-sS sImt´m Ipchtbm C-√msX C-ßs\-sbm-cp kq-^n Po-hn-Xw A-km-[y-am-sW∂v; tI-ƒ-°p-∂-h-¿ ]-d-t™°mw. F-∂m-¬ hm-kX v- h - Ø - n-s‚ temI-Øv C-ßs\-sbm-cm-ƒ Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂p. a-s‰m-cp Po-hn-Xw km-[y-am-sW-∂v sX-fn-bn® kn. lw-k F-∂ F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥, Nn¥-I≥. t]-¿-jy-≥ kz-]v-\-ß-fpsS, `m-j-bp-sS A-km-[y-X-eßsf kv] - ¿ - i - n-®v Po-h\ - n-¬ ]-S¿ - Ønb H-cp a-\p-jy-≥. C-dm-\n-b≥ - Nn¥- I - ƒ - s °m- ∏ w \- S ∂v Cu \memw ¢m- p-Im-c-≥ kz-¥-am°nbXv `m-j-bp-sS A-Xn-cp-I-ƒ°pa∏pd-sØ \-∑-I-fmWv.
t∏m-ƒ Rm-≥ F-Xn-¿Øp. kao-] {]-tZ-iß - f - n-¬ a‰p ]-≈n-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Cu km-l-N-cyØn-¬ A-Xym-hiyw H-cp tlm-kv‰ - e - m-Wv F-∂m-bncp-∂p F-s‚ A-`n-{]mbw. A-Xv X-≈n-°-f-™ Ah-¿ F-s∂ H-cp ]-≈n hn-tcm-[n-bm-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn°p-Ibpw kp-J-an-√mXm-b H-cp Ip-´n-sb B-kv-]{Xn-bn-te-°v sIm-≠v t]m-bX - p-am-bn _-‘s - ∏-´v IpØn-s∏m°n-b hn-hm-ZØ - n-¬ ]p-dØ - m-°p-Ibpw sNbvX - p. ]n-∂o-Sv A-¥a - m-≥ Zzo-]n-se hnw-_¿ - e - n-K© - n¬ ]-≈n-bn-se J-Øo-_mbpw A-[ym-]-I-\mbpw tPm-en t\m°n. A-hn-sS- \n∂v a-te-dn-b _m[n®v ho-´n-te-°v a-S-ßn.
]q®- ° v In´n- b _n- c n- b mWn im-¥-]p-cw C-kv-emanb tIm-tf-Pn-¬ A-[ym-]I-\m-bn-´m-Wv ]n-∂o-Sv Po-hn-Xw B-cw-`n-°p-∂X - .v 1979. C-dm-≥ hn-π-h-w B-[p\nI temI-sØ A-º-c-∏n® Imew. B-bØ - p-√ Jp-ssa-\n {^m-≥k - n-¬\ - n-∂v C-dm-\n-te°v aS-ßn h-cp-tºm-ƒ A-t±-lØ - n-\v A`n-hm-Zy-a-¿-∏n®v A-co-t°m-Sv t]m-kv-‰-dp-I-ƒ {]-Xy£-s∏´p. A-°me-Øv tIm-gn-t°m-´v ]-Tn-®n-cp-∂ Cdm-\n-b-≥ hn-Zym-¿-∞n-I-fp-am-bn \-√ _-‘w ]p-e-¿Øm-≥ km-[n®p. ssl-Z-cm-_mZv, _mw-•q-¿, U¬ln F-∂n-hS- ß - f - n-se√mw A-ht- cm-sSm-∏w I-dßn. P-am-AØ - p-am-bn hn-tbm-Pn®p-sIm-≠v X-s∂-bm-Wv A∂pw B ]£-Øv \n-e-bp-d-∏n-®-sX-∂v kn. lwk ]-db - p-∂p. H-cn-°-¬ C-kv-emanb tIm-tf-Pn-¬ A∂-sØ P-amA-Øv A-ao-¿ kn-dm-Pp-¬ l ≥ k-µ-¿i-\w \-SØn. A-Xn-Yn-Iƒ-°v _n-cn-bm-Wnbpw Ip-´n-Iƒ°v km-[m-cW - `-£W - h - p-am-Wv A-∂v hn-fº - n-bXv. C-Xp I-≠v tZ-jy-tØm-sS lw-k X-\n-°p In´n-b `£-Ww A-ao-dn-s‚ ap-∂n-¬s - h-®v ]q-®° - n´p- sImSpØp. tNm-Zy-Øn\v C-Xm-bn-cp-∂p a-dp-]Sn: \n-ß-
߃ samgn-am‰w sNbvXp. ap≥-XZ- ap-Xl - c - n-bp-sS Xu-lo-Zn-s‚ {]-_© - h - o-£Ww, a-\p-jy-s‚ A-\iz-cX - bpw ]m-c{- Xn-IP - o-hn-Xh - pw, ]q-¿W - a-\p-jy-≥, a-\p-jy\pw a-X-hn-izm-k-hpw, B-b-Øp-√ X-e-hm\n-bp-sS Pn-lmZpw i-lm-ZØ - pw, Jp-ssa-\n-bp-sS Ckvv-em-an-Iv K-h-¨-sa-‚ v, D-a-¿ h-en-bp-√m A-¬ Jmln-cn-bp-sS ]-Zy-ka - m-lm-cam-b A√^-¬ A-en^v, ssi-Jv ssk-\p-±o-≥ a-JvZ- q-an-s‚ Xp-lv^ - Ø - p-¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥ Xp-Sßn-b ]p-kvX - I - ß - fpw ]-cn-`m-js - ∏Sp-Øn. k-{am-Py-Xz-Øn-s\-Xncmb t]m-cm-´w F-∂ \n-e-bn-¬ C-dm-≥ hn-πh-sØ A-\p-Iq-en-°ptºmgpw kn-an t]m-ep-≈ kw-L-S-\-I-ƒ C-Xn-s‚ Np-hS- p-]n-Sn-®v \-SØ - nb ap-Xs - e-Sp-∏v cm-{„o-bt- ØmSv I-Sp-Ø hn-tbm-Pn-∏v {]-I-Sn-∏n-°m-≥ lw-k a-Sn°p-∂n√.
Pp- a m a- k v - P n- Z n- s ‚ ]- S - h p- I - f n¬
cm-Pm-hn-\pw Aw-_m-k-U-¿°pw Htcm I-Ø-b-®p. A-Xn-Yn-It- fm-Sv am-\y-am-bn s]-cp-am-dp-∂ H-cp cm-PyØv \n-c] - c - m-[n in-£n-°s - ∏-Sp∂-Xv Xm-be v- m-‚ n-s‚ Sq-dn-kw ta-Je - s - bX-s∂ X-I¿ - t- Ø°mw F-∂v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®m-bn-cp-∂p IØv. I-Øn-s‚ _-etam Zkv-X-Kn-cn-bp-sS `mKytam F-∂-dn-bn-√, ssI-lm≥ l-hm-bn-bp-sS ]n-t‰ e-°-Øn-¬ A-t±-lw tamNn-X\m-b hm-¿Ø - b - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
k- D u- Z n- b n- t e- s °m- c p IØv k-Du-Zn-bn-¬ tPm-en-b-t\z-jn-®v sN-∂ sN-dp∏-°mc≥ kp-lr-Øn-s‚ ap-dn-bn-¬s - h-®v t]m-eo-kv ]n-Sn-bn-em-b-t∏mgpw lw-k-bp-sS `m-jm ]mShw c£-s°-Øn. kp-lr-Øn-s‚ ap-dn-bn-¬-\n-∂v t]meokv {_u-¨-jp-K-¿ I-s≠-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ \n-c-]-cm[nbmb B sN-dp-∏° - m-c≥ - Ip-Sp-ßp-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p. k-Du-Zn-bn-se Jm-kn-°v P-bn-enem-b kp-lr-Øns‚ a-l-√n-se Jm-kn ip-≤am-b A-d-_n-bn-¬ IsØ-gp-Xp∂-Xv A-ß-s\-bmWv. X-\n-°v G-sd-°me-am-bn A-dn-bp-∂ Cu hy-‡n C-ßs\-sbm-cp Ip‰-Ir-Xyw sN-øm-\n-Sb - n-s√∂pw tI-kv ]p-\:]cn-tim[n-°-W-sa∂pw B-h-iy-s∏-´m-bn-cp-∂p I-Øv. A[n-Iw ssh-Im-sX B sN-dp-∏-°m-c-≥ P-bn-¬-tamNn-X\ - m-bn.
tI-c-f-Øn-se F-√m hn-`m-Kw a-X-t\-Xm-°-fpsSbpw k-l-I-c-W-tØmsS kw-L-Sn-∏n® C-°tWm-an-Iv sk-an-\m-¿ D-Zv-LmS-\w sN-øm-s\Ønb U-¬-ln-bnse C-dm-≥ I-ƒ-®-d-¬ Iu-¨-kne-¿ aplΩ-Zv l- -≥ j-lm-≥-Zn-bm-\v lw-k-bp-sS t]-¿jy≥ S-®v \-∂m-bn t_m-[n®p. U¬ln C-dm-≥ Iƒ-®-d-¬ Iu-¨-kn-en-¬ A-Xn-Yn-bm-bn \m-ep amkw Xm-ak - n-°m-≥ £-Ww e-`n®-Xv A-ßs - \-bmWv. t]-¿j - y-≥ `m-j- B-gØ - n-¬ ]-Tn-°m-\mb-Xv B kl- ÷ n- \ p- ≈ A- h kcw a-b-Øm-Wv. A-°me-Øv U-¬-ln-sb \-∂m-bn A_m-∏b - pw D-Ωb - pw l-÷n-\p t]m-Im-\p-≈ H-cp\p-`-hn-®-Xm-bn lwk. Xm-a-kn-°m≥ kz-¥-am-bn °-ß-ƒ ]q-¿-Øn-bm-°n-sb-¶nepw k-Du-Zn-bn-¬ ap-dn-bp-≠m-bn-´pw Nn-e cm-{Xn-I-fn-¬ U¬-ln Pp-am ss{U-h-dmbn tPm-en sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂ a-I\v Ad-_n a-kv-Pn-Zn-s‚ ]-S-hp-I-fn-¬ bmN-I-tcm-sSm-∏w D-dAh-[n \n-tj-[n-®p. am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-tfm-sSm-∏w lßpw. ÷v sN-øm≥ sIm-Xn-®n-cp-∂ Cu sN-dp-∏-°m-c-≥ B-b-Øp-√ ap-X-l-cn-bp-sS ]p-kv-X-I-ß-fm-Wv Ah-[n In-´m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ G-sd hn-j-a-Øn-embn. t]-¿-jy-≥ `m-j-bn-¬ G-sd kzm-[o-\n-®-sX-∂v AA-t∏m-gm-Wv A-d_ - n-°v D-Ωb - p-sS I-Øv h-cp-∂X - v. t±-lw ]-db - p-∂p. ap-Xl - c - n-bpsS C-ke v- m-an-s‚ temX-߃ - k-t¥m-jt- Øm-sS Po-hn-°p∂-Xv A-ßb - pI-ho£W-Øn-\v H-cp ap-J-hp-c F∂ t]-cn-ep≈ G-gv ]p-kv-X-I-ß-f-Sßp-∂ ]-cº - c - C-kve - m-an-s\-°p-dn-®v A-Iw s]m-≈bpw a-en-\-hpam-b \n-s∂ Xq-sØ-dn™v Kl \ amb ]T \ ß -fp-≈ {K-Ÿ{]n-b-s∏-´ Ah-s‚ hm-k-Øn-\m-bn lrZ-bw H-cp-°pI. amWv. Cu ]p-kv-X-I-ß-ƒ hm-bn-®p\o C-d-ßp-∂-tXm-sS A-h-≥ A-hn-sS {]-th-in®v I-gn-™m-¬ a-‰v {K-Ÿ-I-¿-Øm-°-fpkz-bw Xy-Pn-® \n-\° - m-bn Znhy-ssN-X\yw Zr-iy-am-°pw. sS ]p-kv-X-I-ß-sf√mw A-{]-k-‡am-sW-∂p tXm-∂pw. (B-cm-[y\m-b A-XnYn˛ ]-Xn-\memw \q-‰m-≠n-¬ Po-hn-® C-{_mlnw kp-sse-am-≥ tk-´v t]-¿-jy-≥ kq-^n I-hn k-Du-Zp-±o-≥ a-lvaq-Zv i-_n-kv-X-cn km-ln-_v H-cn°¬ X-s∂ Im-WmF-gp-XnbXv) ≥ h-∂ A-\p`-hw lw-k Cß-s\ hn-hc - n-°p∂p: Ip-‰n-∏pd-Øv ap-kve - nweo-Kn-s‚ k-tΩf-\w \-S-°p-tºm-gmbn-cp-∂p A-Xv. tk-´v km-ln-_v A-∂v eo-Knfp-sS A-ao¿ sN-tø≠-Xv Rm-≥ sN-bv-Xp. s‚ A-Jn-te¥ym {]-kn-U≠ - m-bn-cp∂p. kH-cn-°-¬ Iq-sS-hn-sS F-∂ kn\n-a I-≠p h-∂ tΩ-f-\-Øn-s\Øn-b A-XnYn C-dm-≥ AwtIm-tf-Pnse Hcp Ip-´n A-Xn-se cw-Kw A-\p-I-cn_m-k-U-¿ C-{_mlnw dlow ]q-cn-bm-bn®v tlm-ƒ-U-dn-\p-≈n-¬ \mW-bw sh-®v _ƒ-_v cp∂p. A-t±-lw hn-am-\Ø - n-¬ \n-∂v C-dßn^yq-km-°m-≥ {i-an®p. Xn-cn-®p-h∂ - t- ∏m-ƒ F-√m Ipb DS-s\ t]-¿-jy-≥ `m-j-bn-¬-\n∂v {]-kw´n-I-sf-bpw A-[ym-]-I-¿ C-Xn-s‚ t]-cn-¬ A-Sn-®nK-]-cn-`mj°v F-s∂-bm-Wv A-t\z-jn-®Xv. cp∂p. C-tX∏-‰n tNm-Zn-®-t∏m-ƒ \n-߃-°v A-dnssS-t^m-bU v- v _m-[n-®v In-S° - p-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂bm-≥ A-h-Im-i-an-√ F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p a-dp-]Sn. Ip-‰w Xn-\m¬ k-tΩ-f\ - Ø - n-s\-Øm-≥ F-\n-°v IsX-fn-bm-sX in-£n-®X - n-\v b-Ym-¿∞ - Ø - n-¬ in-£ngn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Akp-J hn-h-c-a-dn™v t°≠-Xv A-[ym-]-I-sc-bm-Wv F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p lwtk-´v km-ln_pw C-{_mlnw d-lnw-]q-cnbpw k-bp-sS A-`n-{]m-bw. A-hn-Sp-∂v a-Xn-bm-°n t]mA-co-t°m-Sv h-∂v F-t∂m-sSm-∏w hf-sc t\cm-≥ Xm-ak - n-®n√. cw sN-e-h-gn-®p. A-co-t°m-Sv C-kv-em-an-Iv ^u-t≠-j-\n-te-°mCamw A-en-bpsS s\-lv-Pp-¬ _-em-l Wv ]n-∂o-Sv F-Øn-s∏-´Xv. ]n-∂oSv U¬-ln-bn-ep≈ F-∂ {K-Ÿw kw-_-‘n-®v U-¬-ln-bn-¬ \C-dm-≥ I-ƒ-®-d-¬ Iu-¨-kn-e-¿ A-kvI-cn dm-Zp-amS-∂ sk-an-\m-dn-¬ ]p-kvX - I - Ø - ns‚ km-lnbn ]-cn-N-b-s∏-´-Xn-s‚ ^-e-am-bn C-dm-≥ hn-π-hXy-aq-ey-sØ-∏‰n {]_-‘w A-h-X-cn-∏n®p. Øn-s‚ hm-¿-jn-I-Øn-¬ kw-_-‘n-°m-≥ £-Ww U-¬ln, ssl-Zc - m-_m-Zv XpS-ßn hnhn-[ ÿe-`n®p. A-ßs - \-bm-Wv C-dm-\n-te-°v t]m-Ip-∂X - v. e-ßf - n-¬ A-¥m-cm{„ sk-an-\m-dp-If - n-¬ {]Ccp-]Xv Znh-kw C-dm-\n-¬ Xm-a-kn-®p. hm-¿jn-I C-{_mlnw kp-sse-am-≥ tk´v, C-dm-≥ Aw-_m-kU - d - m-bn-cp-∂ kw-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. C-dm-≥ ]m-¿-e-sa-‚ nse-_\ - m-\n-se ln-kv_ - p-√ t\-Xm-hv B- C-{_mlnw dlow ]q-cn F-∂n-h-tcm-sSm-∏w kn. lwk. ¬ kwkmcn®p. B-b-Øp-√ Jp-ssa-\n-bp-sS ho´n¬ t]m-bn A-t±-l-tØm-sSm-∏w 45 an-\p-t´m-fw b-Øp-√ ^-fv-ep-√ F-∂ ]-fin-X-\p-am-bn sNe-hg- n®p. C-dm-s‚ kmw-kI v- mcn-I kz-Xz-hp-am-bn kn. lwk F-gp-Øp-Ip-ØpIƒ \-S-Øn-bnsS Im-cpWyw sIm-≠m-sW∂pw l-÷v k-ab-Øv A-Sp-°p-∂Xpw Xm-¬] - cyw h-¿≤ - n-°p-∂Xpw A-t∏m´p≠v. C-dm-s‚ C-t∏mg-sØ hn-tZ-i-Im-cy-a{¥n a{]m-¿-∞\-°v DØ-cw In-´p-∂ ÿ-e-ß-fn-se-√mw gm-W.v t\m-N-l-¿ ap-Ø-Jn-bp-ambpw A-t±lw D-‰_-‘w \n-߃ - ° - p-th-≠n {]m-¿∞ - n-°m-sa∂pw aI-s\ lA-en i-co-A-Øn-bp-sS c-‡-km-£nXzw F-∂ ]p-e¿ - Ø - nbncp-∂p. _mw-•q-cn-¬ ]-Tn-® a-t\m-Nl¿ ÷v sN-øm-≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa∂pw A-t]-£n-®pC-dm-\n-b-≥ hn-Zym-¿-∞nI-sf Im-Wm-≥ H-cn-°¬ ]p-kv-X-I-am-Wv BZyw X¿-÷-a sN-bv-XXv. D-dp-Zp≈ I-Øv lw-k X-øm-dm-°n A-d-_n-°v ^m-Iv-kv hn-¬\ - n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p hn-h¿ - Ø\w. ]n-∂o-Sv t]-¿j - ytIm-gn-t°m-´v h-∂-t∏m-ƒ H-cp A-^v-Km-≥ A-\pIqsN-bvXp. \n-an-j-ß-ƒ°-Iw Ad-_n X-s‚ ss{U≥ `m-j ]-Tn-®p. C-dm-Jn-¬ I-ayq-Wn-kw i-‡n-s∏e Pm-Yb - n-¬ a-g ap-gp-h≥ sIm≠v ]-s¶-Sp-Ø Imcyw h¿-°v Ah-[n A-\p-h-Zn®p-sIm-SpØp. ´-t∏m-ƒ F-gp-X-s∏-´ B-b-Øp-√m k-øn-Zv ap-lΩ-Zv lw-km° Hm-¿-°p∂p. C-t∏mg-sØ C-dm-≥ Aw\o-≠ Ime-sØ A-e-®n-ep-I-ƒ-s°m-Sp-hn¬ I_m-Jn-¿ k-Zv-dns‚ \-Ωp-sS X-Xz-Nn-¥ (^-¬-k-^_m-k-U-¿ sk-bv-Zv a-lvZn \-_o km-sZ-, an-√n K-kgn™ \mep h-¿j - a - m-bn Zm-dp-∂P - m-Øn-\p Io-gn-¬ Xp\m), \-Ωp-sS km-º-Øn-I im-kv-{Xw (C-‡n‰n-s‚ ]-{Xm-[n-]-¿ k-^-dp-¬ C-kvemw Jm-≥ F{]-h-¿-Øn-°p-∂ \-Pm-Øv tIm-tfPv Hm-^v k-b≥∂n-hc - p-am-bpw A-t±-lØ - n-\v A-Sp-Ø _-‘a - p-≠v. km-Zp\m) F-∂o c-≠p {K-Ÿßƒ (Cu {Kkv B-‚ v sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn-bn-¬ Cw-•o-jv A-[ym-]-I‘-ßf - p-sS h-ct- hm-sS-bm-Wv C-dmJn\m-Wv kn.lw-k. hn-hm-lw I-gn-°m-Xn-cp∂-Xv F¥p¬ I-ayq-Wn-k-Øn-s‚ th-tcm-´w lp- s sk- ≥ Z- k v - X - K ncn sIm-≠m-sW-∂v tNm-Zn-®m-¬ kz-Xk - n-≤am-b `m-j\n-e-®Xv) lwksb h√msX lp-ssk-≥ Z-kv-X-Kn-cn F∂ C-dm-\nb≥ sN-dpbn-¬ In-´nb-Xv ]-‰n-bn-√ ]-‰nb-Xv In-´n-bn-√ F-∂v BI¿jn ®p. C-dm-≥ hn-π∏-°m-c-≥ \n-c-]-cm-[n-bm-bn-cp∂p. Xm-bve‚n-¬ Alw-km° Xam-i ]-d-bpw. Po-hn-X-Ønse sRh-sØ i-‡a - m-bn ]n-¥pt±-lw h-[-in£-°v hn-[n-°-s∏-´ hm-¿-Ø ssIcpßn-b km-lN - c - y-߃ - A-Xn-\p k-ΩX - n-®n-s√-∂W-®X - n-s‚ t]-cn-¬ ]nlm-≥ l-hm-bn F-∂ t]-¿j - y-≥- hm-cn-Ib - n-¬ h∂Xm-Wv Im-cyw. Xm-≥ ]-Tn® t]-¿-jy-≥ `m-j Xm-¬∂o-Sv _mJn¿ kZvdn Xv kn. lw-k-bp-sS {i-≤-bn-¬-s∏-´p. _m-t¶m-°n]-cy-ap-≈ B-¿s - °-¶nepw ]-I¿ - ∂p-sIm-Sp-°W - s - as\bpw k-tlmZ-cn se C{km-Cu-¬ Fw-_-kn-°p k-ao-]w kv-t^m-S∂v A-t±-l-Øn-\v B-{K-l-ap-≠v. kn. lwk-bpsS I-hb - {- Xn-bm-bn-cp∂ I h-kvX - p-°ƒ - \n-d® - H-cp hm-≥ I-s≠-Sp-ØX - p-am{]wkw-Kß - ƒ \m´p-hg - ° - ß - f - psS aWw A\p-`h - n_n- ≥ - X p- ¬ lp- Z bn _-‘-s∏-´m-bn-cp-∂p A-d-Ãv. hm-≥ ss{Uh-¿ ∏n°p-∂p. GsXmcp sNdnb Ip´n°pw F{X henb sbbpw k ±mw `-cHm-Sn c-£-s∏-´t∏mƒ kw-i-b-Øn-s‚ t]-cn-¬ ]n_p≤n-Po-hn°pw Htc-ka - bw B hm°p-Iƒ A\pW-Iq-Sw sIm-es - ∏Sn-Iq-Snb-Xv C-t±-l-sØ-bm-bn-cp∂p. I-ºyq-´-¿ `qXn ]I-cpw. Sp- Ø p- I - b m- b n- c ptcJmNn-{X-Øn-¬ k-am-\am-b ap-J-am-Wv F-∂-XmC-√mØ A-dn-hn-s‚ A-l-¥-I-fn-¬ A-`n-c-an∂p. _m-Jn-¿ k-Z-v Wv C-Xn-\p \ym-bo-I-c-W-am-bn ]-d-™Xv. F-∂m®v kz¥w {]-i-kv-Xn-°p-th≠n s\-t´m-´-tam-Sp-∂dns‚ N-cn-{Xhpw ¬ b-Ym-¿-∞-Øn-¬ knw-K-∏q-cn-¬ \n-∂v t]m-Ip-∂ h-cp-sS Ime-Øv kn. lw-k th-dn-´p-\n-¬-°p∂p. k-aq-lh - pw F∂ h-gn H-cp sd-kv-t‰m-d-‚ n-¬ `£-Ww I-gn-°m-≥ I-b\m-´p-hn-ip-≤n-bp-sS \n-jvI - f - ¶ - X - b - n-¬ C-hnsS-sbm]pkvX-I-Øn dn-bX - m-bn-cp-∂p C-bm-ƒ. cm-ƒ Po-hn-®n-cn-∏p-≠v F∂p-t]mepw Bcpw A-dnse Nne `mKCu hm-¿-Ø I-≠ DSs\ lw-k Xm-bv-em-‚ v bp-∂n√.
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