Asian Conference on Interdisciplinary Research 2018 Book of Abstracts

Asian Society of Teachers for Research, Inc. 1370 individual members as of July 17, 2018

vision & mission Vision We are an Asian Organization devoted to the advancement of pedagogy in the teaching of research in all academic levels.

Mission We commit to design course syllabus in research that prepares students for publication of their thesis/dissertation; produce institutional materials for effective teaching and learning; to exchange best practices in teaching research; organize conferences that promotes new knowledge and best practices; and recognize teachers who excelled in research instruction.

Messages 01 Conference Programme 06 Keynote Speeches 10 Plenary Paper 12 ACIR 2018 Awards 13 Synthesis of Abstracts 16 Paper Presentations 19

Message

On behalf of the Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Tak, I would like to convey my warmest greetings and felicitations to ASTR for successfully treading another riveting milestone by virtue of its 2nd Asian Conference on Interdisciplinary Research. The same goes to the presenters who are in the vanguard of fostering advancement and excellence through exemplary contributions in their respective fields of endeavor. And for the participants, may you have a lot of takeaways in terms of additional information and new ideas from the interesting array of speakers.

The theme of this year’s conference, “Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes”, holds a compelling manifestation of the association’s sincere commitment to foreground the quality of excellence and the advancement of pedagogy in teaching research in all academic levels as crucial means to achieve greater relevance and spawn noble difference in the society. It is rather prudent to consider that if an organization aspires to be a notch above the rest, a culture of excellence and pedagogical advancement must be the core of its dynamics.

May our esteemed ASTR continue to be a powerful and effective platform for personal and professional development for the benefit of our country, the ASEAN community and the whole world! Again, congratulations and cheers to more worthwhile endeavors!

AJARN ROMMEL V. TABULA Research Coordinator & TESOL Specialist Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Tak Amphoe Mueang Tak, Changwat Tak, Thailand

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

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t is truly amazing what an organization can accomplish in a short span of time with dedication and unlimited commitment. The world has become a small place with the advent of the internet, information technology and social media. With the pragmatic use of these tools, much has been achieved in converging interdisciplinary professionals to share breakthroughs and best practices, and to network on a common goal of building a strong and resilient institution that can withstand changes in leadership, external challenges and other inevitable trials that may confront any organization. The Asian Society of Teachers for Research is a living example of this.

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Message 2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

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t is my great pleasure to welcome you in Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018 hosted by The Asian Society of Teachers for Research Inc. (ASTR). The Asian Society of Teachers for Research Inc, commits to advance the professional expertise of the scholarly publishers, provide expert services in scholarly journals, promote publication ethics in scholarly journals and support various causes in the advancement of scientific publication. In line with previous conferences, the Asian Society of Teachers For Research, Inc. brings the 2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research on July 22-24, 2018 at the Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia.

Following the main them “Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes,” the ACIR 2018 has set the specific aims are : 1) to appreciate models of interdisciplinary research across Asia and beyond its borders; (2) disseminate new research results of interdisciplinary studies; and (3) forge partnerships, collaborations and alliances to foster interdisciplinary research.

The interdisciplinary research is valuable not only for its immediate benefits to our research, but also for keeping the door open to diverse career paths. Influential scientists need to understand the importance of educating future researchers using an interdisciplinary approach. I do believe that the conference will promote academic integrity in research and publication; foster collaboration among researchers and to recognize meritorious contributions of researchers in interdisciplinary research. I am also confident that this conference will provide great prospects to the practitioners, scholars, researchers and academicians from across various disciplines to discuss and foster interdisciplinary in research.

The research presentations from various fields assuredly address key challenges and opportunities in Interdisciplinary Research. With the valuable thoughts to be shared by every researcher, this shall open the horizon to internationalization of research in various aspects.

Warmest Regards,

M SULTANA ALAM, PHD Assistant Professor Department of Journalism Faculty of Arts and Social Science Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Message

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Researchers all over the globe gather for these forums and networking is one important aspect in the world of research(which can be related the third objective of the conference -forge partnerships, collaborations and alliances to foster interdisciplinary research.)Even though a scholar is from a geographically small country, his/her contribution in the field of research is of immense value and demonstrates how large he/she is, in terms of value, that is being added to the current stock of knowledge Thus, I hope 22nd to 24th July of this year will be one of the most memorable events with contributions and networking in the field of research. It is a great challenge to organize such an event and the organizers of this event should be praised and admired for organizing such a difficult task.

Therefore, I take this opportunity to convey my best wishes to researchers around the Globe.

NALIN ABEYSEKERA, PHD Senior Lecturer, Department of Management Studies, Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

t is indeed a great pleasure to issue a message for the Second Asian Conference on Interdisciplinary Research. There is a need for scholars and practitioners to be capable of synthesizing their knowledge in interdisciplinary studies. Disseminate new research results of interdisciplinary studies can be considered a challenge. Conceptualization of theories with the help of different paradigms in subject domain/s would help to understand the real world with different perspectives by condensing with research. One of the objective in this conference is to “appreciate models of interdisciplinary research across Asia and beyond its borders” is very much relevant in current context. There is a need to use models in different disciplines with the combination of creativity and imagination. This can be further explained by Levitt in his article of “Marketing imagination”, “To decide correctly what’s to be done and how to do it requires having good data about customers, competitors and markets. Even more, it requires the imaginative conversion of these data into meaningful and usable information. The best way to know your prospects is in a way that is more fundamental and compelling than what’s usually yielded by the purely metrical methods so common in market research today. The difference between data and information is that while data are crudely aggregated collections of raw facts, information represents the selective organization and imaginative interpretation of those facts.

This requires knowing, in some sort of direct and systemic way, the” world with which one presumes to deal. It requires getting inside the lives and work of the people one is trying to understand”.

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2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Message

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I am excited to share my message at this year’s Asian Conference for Interdisciplinary Research Conference of 2018 with the theme of “Interdisciplinary Research as a means to Educational Outcomes.” If you look at Interdisciplinary and Education as metaphors then much like words in poetry when collided, it creates new insights at the emotional intelligence connections; a deeper consciousness of living and learning. Interdisciplinary research within higher education has become an effective tool for WOW Bali’s sustainable and regenerative developments. As one of Asia’s top regenerative organization in supporting academia and alternative education/learning programs with our Internationally renowned “Sustainable Dynamics” framework, we pride ourselves in our META (big picture) scaffolding for diverse stakeholders, within an ecosystem, to co-create and collaborate via mutualism, creative economics and action research for optimum regenerative development.

At this year’s Asian Conference, I want to share a simple knowledge that I have learned from my Bali’s Mentor and Elder, the recently belated Mr. Agung Prana, that “real knowledge must showcase real understandings of experiences beyond ideals and theories.” For my Interdisciplinary research that has found its way through higher education as an effective tool for sustainable and regenerative development, it has proven to me the effectiveness of today’s education for regenerative dynamics. Combined with best practices showcased by a living culture of Bali, WOW Bali’s frameworks can share ancient wisdom into a step-bystep understanding for higher education. “The aims of education are to enable students to understand the world around them and the talents within them so that they can become fulfilled individuals and active compassionate citizens” a quote eloquently expressed by Sir Ken Robison described to me why Interdisciplinary research is an important tool for education to ‘co-create’ positive outcomes. The world around us is no longer isolated as one country’s development but must be connected to global solutions to solve some of the grave issues that are presented in today’s big global issues; such as footprint and biodiversity, sustainable development, financial initiative and climate change to name a few.

With this in mind, heart and actions, I want to start this year Asian Conference for Interdisciplinary Research Message with the understanding that “in all healthy systems, everything must be interconnected and evolving within a system design thinking process.”

We must start this with designing ‘the self,’ an “interdisciplinary” means via multiple intelligences. These disciplines of understandings are connected our aesthetic sensory and via our perceptual connections, FROM social and cultural TO nature and our environment, develop a healthy and balanced multidimensional being. To simply explain why my personal interdisciplinary research in finding SELF at the multidimensional level so that I can function within a simple balance of existence, I must learn to be I a son, a brother, a father, teacher and friend and so forth! To be good at more than one of these iconic labels, you are practicing interdisciplinary research and development. A on-going efforts of finding and defining ourselves so that we can engage at all levels of relatedness; from the micro and macros combined with the seen and even unseen (known and unknown) is to fully be dynamic. These are the core and basics of Interdisciplinary research, a foundation for understanding self that education most often fails to address. This has shown great disconnects at the wellbeing and creative autonomy level within higher education and studies has shown to be a big concerns at the PHD student’s levels. Actually, the higher you are in higher education, the more likely you are disconnected from your interdisciplinary mind/heart/action sets of balanced living; therefore causing stress and disillusions.

Also with today’s disarrays of global concerns, it has better solutions within interdisciplinary collaborations In today’s research, it has shown that interdisciplinary are more likely to offer global solutions and create

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

shown that we can define and fusion developments. research and developments the necessary diversity for

Message sustainable dynamics; a meme that the biodiversity of nature has proven to exemplify. Interdisciplinary concepts are better integrated at the experiential connections, starting at the micro of ‘the self’ and expanding into the macro developments of our community and society. Therefore, the right frameworks for interdisciplinary research as a means for higher education are important for global solutions since it is connected at the individual views of one’s personal wellbeing and creative autonomy via multiple intelligences and direct experiences.

Beyond the ideals and theory-based education, real life practices of what we have learned needs to be integrated within every day living for positive outcomes. This should be the KEY to our student’s success. Simple connections of human’s relatedness via wellness and creative autonomy within our daily environment must be considered for our students to showcase real transformation of understandings is what our interdisciplinary research framework should consider. This is what interdisciplinary research offers, ‘to serve’ as a means for dynamic educational outcomes; both effectively and affectively.

United Nations META understandings for fusion development; such as in the seventeen (17) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are 1) universality, 2) integrative and 3) transformative. These are essentials memes for global collaborations; therefore our interdisciplinary frameworks must be dynamic and connect at all levels understandings for universality in collaborations PLUS be integrative with all diverse stakeholders so their visions and ideals can simply co-create transformative developments. WOW Dynamics framework solves these understandings by initiating at the personal levels of connections via wellness and creative autonomy; an interdisciplinary research of understandings the SELF. Integrate our personal connections with WOW ‘Sustainable Dynamics” framework for community and diverse stakeholders and sustainability and regenerative development naturally happens. Our interdisciplinary research methodologies and frameworks, as a means to community based developments via eco-tourism and beyond tourism developments for optimum regenerative development, has made its way into higher education as an effective and affective tools for educational outcomes. WOW frameworks has also put into considerations, the root word of education; ‘educo,’ meaning ‘to pull the information of knowledge from within’ as part of our interdisciplinary research framework. This dynamic combination of life skills in balanced with living skills has proven to be successful within our interdisciplinary research studies. This was based on best practices of holistic learning from Bali’s traditional living culture and ‘paseraman’ (learning centers before formal education was introduced) methodologies.

In conclusion, the connections of understanding for this year Asian Conference theme: “Interdisciplinary Research as a means to Educational Outcomes” brings us to a new holistic crossroads for knowledge exchange. This is a new dynamic in offering for regenerative development; starting with a balanced student and evolving them into multidimensional being, operating at their highest intelligences for self, community and society. Our offerings of WOW’s Interdisciplinary framework, hope to contribute in a small way of reinforcing the basics understanding of intelligence, the abilities to adapt within any situations at any time. Our offering of new understandings for education institutions is to ‘co-develop’ positive outcomes for today’s global sustainable issues and address universal concerns for optimum collaborations as the dynamics. In short, regenerative understandings start with frameworks that prevent rigidity in collaborations so vision can be actions in making efforts easy to do and simple to share.

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

{PULL QUOTE} “We must become the change we wish to see in the world” Mahatma Ghandi.

5 PROF. HAI DAI NGUYEN Co-Founder WOW Bali International Initiative Yayasan Global Banjar Internasional

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

ASIAN CONFERENCE ON INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 2018 July 22-24, 2018 Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Conference Program

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DAY 1 • July 22, 2018

8:01 – 9:00a.m. Registration

11:15 – 12:15 p.m. PAPER PRESENTATION 12:15-1:00 p.m

LUNCHBREAK

9:01 – 9:05a.m. Invocation 1:01 – 5:00p.m. PAPER PRESENTATION

National Anthem of the Republic

of the Philippines

National Anthem of Cambodia DAY 2 • July 23, 2018

9:06 – 9:20a.m. Opening Remarks and Declaration of the 8:01 – 9:00a.m. Registration

Opening of the Conference MR. RUSSEL B. OBSIOMA 9:01 – 9:20a.m. Invocation Corporate Secretary

National Anthem of the Republic Asian Society of Teachers for Research, Inc.

of the Philippines

National Anthem of Cambodia 9: 21 – 9:30 a.m. Cambodia Declaration: Synthesis of Abstracts National Anthem of Countries Represented DR. JOCELYN L. REYES

Cavite State University 9:20 – 12:00n.n. PAPER PRESENTATION

9:31– 9:35 a.m. Introduction of Keynote Speaker 12:01 – 1:00p.m. LUNCHBREAK

9:36-10:30 am Keynote Speech 1:01 – 3:30 p.m. PAPER PRESENTATION

“Impact of Education Reform

into Education Sector in Cambodia 3:31 – 4:00 a.m. Keynote Speech

since 2014” PROF. DR. ROMEO D. CATURAO DR. CHAN ROATH University of Antique-Tario-Lim Campus Department of Scientific Research

Philippines

Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports

Cambodia 4:01 – 5:00 p.m. Awarding Ceremonies

Best Oral Presenter Award 10:31 -10:45 a.m Awarding Ceremony

Awarding of Certificates to the Participants

Research Advocacy Award

Grand Pictorial

Best Abstract Award

Best Paper Award

Article Citation Award DAY 3 • July 24, 2018 10:45-11:15 nn Plenary Speaker 1

“Article Citation as Means

to Measure Journal and Author Impact” DR. GENARO V. JAPOS

President

Philippine Association of Institutions

for Research, Inc.

Philippines

8:01 – 5:00 p.m.

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Individual Exploration of Siem Reap, Cambodia

ASIAN CONFERENCE ON INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 2018 July 22-24, 2018 Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort Siem Reap, Cambodia

Paper Presentations

Time

Title of Paper

Presenter/Institution/Country

11:15 -11:35 am

Dimensions of Teachers’ Teaching Effectiveness and College Students’ Academic Performance Are Connected

DIEGO M. MALONES Capiz State University-Pontevedra Campus

11:36-11:55 am

Teacher’s Effectiveness in Comprehension Instruction among Grade 11 Senior High School Students: An Evaluation

DYAN YONGQUE-FERRER Fernando Air Base National High School

11:56-12:10 nn

Inquiry Level of Science Teachers in a Public School: An Assessment

12:00-12:20 pm

OPEN FORUM SET A

12:21-1:00pm

LUNCH BREAK

SET A

VIRGIE T. TACCAD General Artemio Ricarte Memorial School

SET B 1:01 – 1:20pm

Lettuce Grown in an Open Field and Protected Culture Applied with Different Fermented Plant Juices

EDEN AZARCE ALAM Capiz State University- Pontevedra Campus

1:21 – 1:40pm

Curcuma longa L. Rhizome Extract as an Alternative Stain for Histological Studies

CARLO C. BONDOC La Consolacion University

1:41 – 2:00 pm

The Potential of Utilizing Trichanthera gigantea Leaf Meal on the Diet of Oreochromis niloticus Fry

ROMEO D. CATURAO University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus

2:01 – 2:10pm

Open Forum (SET B) SET C JOMAR B. MENDOZA Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College

2:11 – 2:30pm

Responding to Educational Reform: The Senior High School Implementation at Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College

2:31 – 2:50 pm

Service Quality Dimensions for Department of Tourism Region III’s Accredited Restaurants in Angeles City, Philippines

2:51 – 3:10 pm

JULIET ALLEGRA A. BLANAS The Viability of the Re-implementation of the Ferry Service Bataan Peninsula State University-Main in the Port of Orion, Bataan, Philippines Campus

3:11– 3:20 pm

Open Forum (SET C)

NORA VELMA M. GAYOD Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College RENNIER T. PEREZ Systems Plus College Foundation ROEL S. AGUSTIN Systems Plus College Foundation

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Day 1: July 22, 2018; The Rainbow Room

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2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

SET D

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DEMETRIO R. RECTO JR. Javalera Elementary School

3:21 – 3:40 pm

Status of Adopt-A-School Program (RA 8525) in Public Elementary Schools in the Division of Cavite: Basis for a Five-Year Strategic Development Plan

3:41 – 4;00pm

Decision-Making Practices and Transformational Leadership Skills of College Deans in Private Higher Educational Institutions in the National Capital Region

4:01 – 4:20 pm

Faculty Empowerment Practices of a State University: Basis for Proposed Faculty Empowerment Development Program for Public Higher Education Institutions

JOCELYN L. REYES Cavite State University

4:21-4:40 pm

English Language Communicative Teaching and Learning of the Association of Schools of the Augustinian Sisters: A Basis for a Communicative Approach-Based Enhancement Program

ENRICO F. ROSALES La Consolacion University

4:51-5:00 pm

Open Forum (SET D)

EDNA A. BAYOT Office of the Public Schools District Supervisor City of General Trias MARIA CARMEN POLACHE-CASEROS Department of Education

Paper Presentations Day 2: July 23, 2018; The Rainbow Room Time

Title of Paper

Presenter/Institution/Country SET E

9:01-9:20 am

Magnifying Another Lens: An Intercultural Dialogue on the Linguistic Influence of Teaching and Learning English to Speakers of Other Languages

ERWIN L. PURCIA Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College

9:21-9:40 am

Lived Experiences of Selected Pioneer Senior High School Teachers

REYMOND A. MOSQUITO Caraga Regional Science High School

9:41-10:00 am

Essence of Aging: A Phenomenological Study

MARIA LUZ CALUMPANG-FUENTES Silliman University

10:01-10:10am

OPEN FORUM SET E SET F

10:11 -10:30 am

Writing Errors of Grade Nine Students: Basis for Sentence Writing Module

JHONATHAN L. ULIT Camba National High School

10:31-10:50 am

Correlation between English Teachers’ Teaching Style and English 123 Performance of AIMS Maritime Students: Basis in the Strategic Development of Teaching and Learning Activities (TLA) in English

VICTOR M. CAJALA Asian Institute of Maritime Studies

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

10:51-11:10 am

Right Master Plan to Express Ones’ Discernment (RIGHT MED): An Intervention Program in English to Enrich the Oral Skills of Grade 1 Pupils

VIRGIE T. TACCAD General Artemio Ricarte Memorial School

11:11-11:40 am

Improving the Achievement of Grade 7 Students in Science through Team Teaching

MARILOU TANADA Bataan National High School

11:41-11:50nn

OPEN FORUM SET F

11:51-1:00pm

LUNCH BREAK SET G

1:01 – 1:20pm

1:21 – 1:40pm

HELEN P. CATANAOAN Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department of Education Competencies of Public Elementary School Teachers: Basis for ICT Development Program

1;41 – 2:00 pm

Benchmarking on Industry-Based Competencies and LESLIE R. JORGE Circumstances on the Perspective of Bachelor of Bataan Peninsula State University Science in Tourism Management Graduates: Basis for Curriculum Enhancement

2:01 – 2:10pm

Open Forum SET G

JOSEPHINE M. MONZAGA Department of Education

SET H 2:11 – 2:30pm

Outcomes-Based Education in General Chemistry: Its Influence on Maritime Students’ Knowledge, Skills and Attitude

DIEGO M. MALONES Capiz State University-Pontevedra Campus

2:31 – 2:50 pm

Development of Instrument to Measure Students’ Attitude in Learning Mathematics

CARMEE LYN L. BALNEG University of Southern Mindanao

2:51 – 3:10 pm

Predictors of Religiosity among High School Adolescents of La Consolacion University Philippines

CHRISTIAN ANGELO D. CATINDIG La Consolacion University Philippines

3:10-3:30 pm

The Effect of Using Window Card Technique in Improving the Performance of Grade 8 Students

ACELA G. RECENTES Sto. Domingo Integrated School

3:31 – 3:40 pm

Open Forum (SET H1)

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

LAURA O. GARCIA Department of Education

Status of Implementation of Constructivist, Collaboration, Integrative, Inquiry-Based, and Reflective (2c2ir) Pedagogical Approaches: Basis for Municipal - 2c2ir Implementation Plan

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2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

KEYNOTE

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Impact of Education Reform into Education Sector in Cambodia since 2014 CHAN ROATH, PHD

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Director, Department of Scientific Research Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, Cambodia President, Cambodian Mathematical Society n the past two decades, globalization of all fields, especially economics, science, technology and politics have brought the world to an unprecedented stage of competition and collaboration. To fully engage in a globalized economy, Cambodia needs to realize our millennium development goals for sustainable development.

These goals call for deep reform of the education sector to develop human resources embodying the knowledge, skills, attitudes and physical balance necessary for success in other sectors of the economy.

Cambodia has the goal of developing its economy from a low-income to medium-high income country by 2030 and a developed country by 2050. To realize this vision, the Royal Government of Cambodia has to ensure reforms of all sectors, especially health, agriculture, industry and tourism. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport has defined its priority plan of reforms, especially teacher education and curriculum framework of general and technical education in order to ensure qualified human resources to serve the all sectors of the society.

The results from the study on effectiveness and the results of the national examination of upper secondary schools in 2014 indicated that the quality of general education today is low. Functional literacy of students is limited even though they have competed primary education level or lower secondary education level.

Many factors impact the quality of education but curriculum is especially important because it guides instruction.

This reform effort seek to develop new documents based on current research evidence and comprehensive consultation, focusing on subjects and sub-subjects and by grade level in order to ensure effectiveness of teaching and learning and relevance with daily lives.

In order to be successful in a globalized economy, learners need to move beyond knowledge and comprehension to the higher order skills of application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation.

Keywords: Education reform, curriculum framework, higher order skill, general education, daily lives.

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

KEYNOTE ROMEO C. CATURAO, D. SC., PHD

University Professor University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus

Influential scientists understood the importance of educating future researchers using an interdisciplinary approach. One of the founding fathers of neuroanatomy, Santiago Ramon Y Cajal, stressed the need for breadth of knowledge in educating future scientists: the biologist does not limit his studies to anatomy and physiology, but also grasps the fundamentals of psychology, physics, and chemistry”. Likewise, PierreSimon Laplace, mathematician and astronomer, conferred that “to discover is to bring together two ideas that were previously unlinked”. Modern thinkers such E. O. Wison, Linus Pauling, and Anne Faustino-Sterling have cultivated scientific schools of thought that emerged from interdisciplinary research.

Therefore, the spirit of interdisciplinary research lies at the core of basic science, and particularly its translation to widespread use.

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

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ver the last decades new approaches to research had emerged that allow for more flexibility, such as the interdisciplinary approach. Interdisciplinary research is a type of study or research that draws from two or more disciplines in order to gain more well-developed perspective or discover something new.

The National Academies has defined interdisciplinary research as “a mode of research by teams or individuals that integrates information, data, techniques, tools, perspectives, concepts, and/or theories from two or more disciplines or bodies of specialized knowledge to advance fundamental understanding or to solve problems whose solutions are beyond the scope of a single discipline or area of research practice.”

Furthermore, it is an approach in advancing scientific knowledge, where researchers from different disciplines work at the borders of those disciplines in order to address complex questions and problems. The assumption is sometimes made that anyone can engage in interdisciplinary research should they choose to do so. But it is clear from a considerable body of literature that successful interdisciplinary efforts require mastery of specific competencies.

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plenary

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Article Citation as Means to Measure Journal and Author Impact

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GENARO V. JAPOS, PHD, DODT, DM, DHRM

President Philippine Association of Institutions for Research, Inc.

Article Citation is a popular means to indicate publication quality for both the article authors and the journal. When metrics are applied, article citation becomes author or journal impact. Citations depend on factors such as: field dependence, journal dependence, article dependence and author/reader dependence. Some articles are better cited than others. Team authored or co-authored papers get more citation than solo-authored articles. Articles in multidisciplinary journals get more citations due to their large public audience.

High-impact journals get higher citation rates. Research review articles also receive higher citations. Some old papers continue to be cited also receive more citations. When scientists seek research grants, file for tenure or promotion or apply for faculty positions, they are required to show evidence for impact factor scores of the journals in which their papers were published. A journal impact factor is based on two elements: the numerator which is the number of citations in the current year to items published in the previous two years, and the denominator which is the number of substantive articles and reviews published in the same two years. Today, the publish or perish doctrine is replaced by get published and be cited or you die.

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

ASIAN CONFERENCE ON INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 2018 July 22-24, 2018 Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort Siem Reap, Cambodia

BEST ABSTRACT (Experimental Design)

ROMEO D. CATURAO

University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus

BEST ABSTRACT

(Descriptive/Quantitative Design)

Faculty Empowerment Practices of a State University: Basis for Proposed Faculty Empowerment Development Program for Public Higher Education Institutions JOCELYN L. REYES Cavite State University

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

The Potential of Utilizing Trichanthera gigantea Leaf Meal on the Diet of Oreochromis niloticus Fry

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ASIAN CONFERENCE ON INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 2018 July 22-24, 2018 Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort Siem Reap, Cambodia

BEST PAPER

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

(Experimental Design)

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Curcuma longa L. Rhizome Extract as an Alternative Stain for Histological Studies CARLO C. BONDOC La Consolacion University

BEST PAPER (Q u a l i t a t i v e D e s i g n )

Essence of Aging: A Phenomenological Study MARIA LUZ CALUMPANG-FUENTES Silliman University

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

ASIAN CONFERENCE ON INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH 2018 July 22-24, 2018 Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort Siem Reap, Cambodia

The Author Citation Award gives recognition to authors who have made an impact in the scientific community through citations of their published research articles. The h-index is computed through Harzing’s Publish or Perish Software which analyzes data and citations from scholarly databases such as Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, Scopus and Web of Science, among others.

ROMEO D. CATURAO, PhD, D.Sc.

University Professor University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus, Philippines Total number of citations: 81 h-index: 4

CHAN ROATH, PhD

Director, Department of Scientific Research Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, Cambodia Total number of citations: 1 h-index: 1

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

AUTHOR CITATION AWARD

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Abstracts JOCELYN L. REYES

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-9066 elenjoy_dec82007@yahoo.com Cavite State University Philippines

hat is the biggest challenge in education today? Well, there is no shortage of challenges in education and academicians have different ways to welcome or shun the challenges and changes in the educational system.

The educational system today has more concerns other than instruction. There is a call for research, extension and even production; though, it seems that there is a louder call for research. This transition is not only complex but also requires a mindset that makes an educator flexible and motivated to perform towards the other mandates. Educators face the challenge of being outcast if they don’t swing with the new trends. The reality is, they don’t just educate and nurture the learners in the process, educators also educate themselves.

One of the challenges is to elevate the status of teaching as a career choice, to attract more adept people into teaching and to develop teaching as a knowledge-based occupation. However, academic institutions need researchers and teachers, but there is significant demand for those who ably do both teaching and researching. The teachers’ research efforts keep them abreast with current trends and develop in them the potential to be equipped and competent facilitators of learning.

After a long day work, browsing facebook and other social media is more inviting than spending time surfing the net for research ideas, or delving into a book of abstracts that may challenge teachers to think deeply about researchable areas. Yet, research has become a way of life for academicians. Technology has transformed teachers into brilliant gatherers of information and the thing is, available information is almost infinite. From books, journals, blogs, online sources and tools that provide access to an overwhelming volume of knowledge, they can study and dig deeper into any subject, and be interdisciplinary.

Yes, the research process is one of the most taxing academic tasks. Fortunately, the price and prize of conducting research, writing a research paper and publishing article are beyond the usual expectations.

Therefore, it is absolutely gratifying for teachers to develop research capabilities and cross-cutting skills.

Teacher-researchers can verify various theoretical concepts through empirical research, thereby increasing their teaching credibility. Teachers who indulge in research endeavors enhance their academic worth.

The Asian Society of Teachers for Research (ASTR) brilliantly creates a platform for teacher-researchers and hold the 2nd Asian Conference on Interdisciplinary Research 2018 (ACIR 2018) themed Interdisciplinary

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes. This conference highlights the role of interdisciplinary research in arriving at educational results which equip individuals in the globally competitive world.

Interdisciplinary research is a mode of research by teams or individuals that integrates information, data, techniques, tools, perspectives, concepts, and/or theories from two or more disciplines or bodies of specialized knowledge to advance fundamental understanding or to solve problems whose solutions are beyond the scope of a single discipline or area of research practice (National Academies’ report, 2004).

Paper presentation in the conference includes an array of completed researches in various disciplines: education, agriculture, educational management, information technology, religion and others. The researchbased papers provide enormous new findings, relevant results and significant outputs.

A study on the connection of dimensions of teaching effectiveness and students’ academic performance revealed that students’ performance differed significantly when classified as to the level of teaching effectiveness; and significantly correlated to their teachers’ commitment, knowledge of subject, teaching for independent learning and management of learning. On the other hand, the study on teachers’ effectiveness in comprehension instruction and assessment of science teachers’ inquiry level discovers that there is a need to develop the teachers’ inquiry skills and inquiry level.

Research results are significant inputs to future plans and development of models. Results of the assessment of English language communicative teaching and learning serve as basis for a communicative approach-based enhancement program. A related study, a correlation between English teachers’ teaching style and maritime students’ performance yields basis for the strategic development of teaching and learning activities in English.

A study on the status of adopt-a-school program in public elementary schools provides basis for a five-year strategic development plan. Likewise, research results of the assessment of faculty empowerment practices in a state university serve as basis for a proposed faculty empowerment development program model for public higher education institutions. Moreso, a benchmarking on industry-based competencies and circumstances on the perspective of BS Tourism Management graduates provides input for curriculum enhancement. Assessment findings of information and communication technology competencies of public elementary teachers are used as basis for ICT development program. On the other hand, an assessment of the status of implementation of

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July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018 18

constructivist, collaborative, integrative, inquiry-based and reflective (2c2ir) pedagogical approaches provides basis for municipal 2c2ir implementation plan.

A study conducted among college deans in private higher education institutions unravels the significant relationship between their decision-making practices and transformational leadership skills. On the other hand, an evaluation of the lived experiences of senior high school teachers in the implementation of senior high school program discloses that these experiences are fulfilling and encourages commitment and passion despite the challenges encountered.

A study on an intercultural dialogue on the linguistic influence of teaching and learning English to speakers of other languages results to an in-depth understanding of the linguistic influence of the English language in as far as its teaching-learning process is concerned. A research which deals with a right master plan to express one’s discernment (RIGHT MED) – an intervention program in English to enrich pupils’ oral skills reveals the improvement of their speaking skills and gradual decrease in fear in using the English language.

Some researches deal with students’ academic performance in science and mathematics. An assessment of the influence of outcomes-based education in general chemistry on maritime students’ knowledge, skills and attitude discloses that there is a significant relationship between students’ knowledge and skills; and concludes that OBE improves students’ knowledge and skills. A related study on students’ performance in science reveals that students taught thru team teaching perform significantly better than those taught by a single instructor.

A study which evaluates the effect of using window card technique in improving the students’ performance reveals that majority of the students accept the new strategy of window card technique which remarkably improves their grades in mathematics. A study geared towards the development of standardized instrument to measure the students’ attitude in learning mathematics yields an acceptable and reliable instrument which can be used to quantify the attitude of the students in learning mathematics.

A study of the predictors of religiosity among school adolescents reveals that the significant predictors are attendance to religious services for the past years; attendance to recollection and religious talks; and family religious practices. The comparison of religiosity across the life span suggests that religiosity declines during high school and stabilizes at relatively low levels during adolescence.

A study establishes the potential of Trichanthera gigantea leaf meal supplementation on the diet of Oreachromis niloticus fry, thereby identifying a cheap source of protein from plants. A related study on nourishment from plants, the evaluation of lettuce growth in an open field and protected culture applied with different fermented plant juices identifies kakawate fermented plant juice to be very effective in producing more lettuce leaves in the open field; hence, resulting to better yield. Still on plants, a study on turmeric or Curcuma longa extract as an alternative stain for histological studies discloses that this alternative stain can be used as substitute to commercially available stains.

Research is life! A researcher’s life is beautiful! To the organizers of 2nd Asian Conference on Interdisciplinary Research 2018 (ACIR 2018) themed Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes, thank you very much for the opportunity.

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Curcuma longa L. Rhizome Extract as an Alternative Stain for Histological Studies CARLO C. BONDOC https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8419-5199 bondocarlo.25@gmail.com La Consolacion University Philippines

Keywords: Histology, turmeric, Curcuma longa L., alternative stain, experimental design, Philippines

Correlation between English Teachers’ Teaching Style and English 123 Performance of AIMS Maritime Students: Basis in the Strategic Development of Teaching and Learning Activities (TLA) in English VICTOR M. CAJALA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5576-9971 vcajala@yahoo.com Asian Institute of Maritime Studies Philippines Many teachers widely apply teacher-centered methods than student-centered methods. However, in specialized writing classes, such as English 123, the former method is not a guarantee for students to learn the tenets of good and effective writing. Thus, this study aimed at determining if there exist a significant relationship between the present teaching styles of English 123 teachers and the English 123 course performance of the students of Asian Institute of Maritime Students (AIMS). Using the descriptivecorrelation design, the study employed 273 freshmen maritime students and nine English 123 professors as respondents of the study. Most of the students found their professors to possess an “Expert” and “Personal Model’ teaching styles while majority of the professors have classified themselves to possess an “Expert” and “Formal Authority” teaching styles. Based on the frequently appearing style of teaching, it is equated that the professors have a teacher-centered teaching style. With the reflected teaching styles, only few gained a very good grade of 91 and above. At the most, almost one third of them gained a low grade of 80 and below which warrants an improvement of achievement in English 123. Greater frequencies of high grades are seen from students under the “Expert” (grade range from 86 to 91 and above) as well as from “Personal Model” professors (grades from 86 – 90) while low frequencies of high grades are observed under the “Formal Authority” and “Delegator” professors. Hence, a significant relationship between students’ English 123 performance and the professors’ teaching styles exist.

Keywords: Education, pedagogy, andragogy, teaching style, correlation descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Most chemically-synthesized stains used in histological practices are expensive, hazardous to human and animal health, and threatening to the environment. Extraction of natural dye out of local plants have gained global interest and give promising tissue staining when outcomes are investigated.

Curcuma longa rhizomes are proven to contain curcuminoids that exhibit various medicinal properties, and curcumin the bright yellow component of the plant that is being used as colorant. This natural dye from Curcuma longa provides significant alternative as they are safer to use without health hazards, biodegradable, and have easy disposability. Nine biological specimens were used to compare the staining capacity of 15, 20, and 25-gram concentrations of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract and the commercial stain and were observed under microscope. The results revealed that the 15, 20, and 25-gram of turmeric stains do not have significant differences in the staining effect on various plant and animal tissues. Also, the staining effects of commercial and Turmeric stains on monocot and dicot root and stem, leaf midrib, frog blood smear, and cycloid scale do not have significant differences Therefore, the alternative stain out of Turmeric can be used as substitute to commercially available stains. However, it cannot be a substitute stain for squashed spinal cord and cheek cells.

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Essence of Aging: A Phenomenological Study

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

MARIA LUZ CALUMPANG-FUENTES https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2133 merloclinpsych@gmail.com Silliman University Philippines

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Accepting the fact that one is “continuously aging” will lead to a more positive outlook in life. If this notion is generally embraced, then aging becomes an exciting experience because one could look at it as a journey rather than as a destination. Getting the study’s main objective, the study attempts to determine the lived experience of older adults 75 years old and above. The theories on the activity, continuity, exchange, and disengagement in the personal adjustment of the older adults serve as its backbone. The qualitative research method of descriptive phenomenology, the fourteen steps in analyzing interview data by Hycner (1985) and hermeneutic phenomenology were used in this study.

Finding reveals that keeping a positive attitude toward aging is particularly important as it allows one to continue to feel good and have a sense of control as one faces another part of the cycle of life. Thus, it can be concluded that aging becomes a journey if one sees aging as a natural occurrence of life. It is recommended then that school curricula may be developed and be implemented addressing aging issues in order to increase intergenerational reciprocity gaps between the youth and older adults.

Keywords: Geriatrics, aging, phenomenology, Philippines

Magnifying Another Lens: An Intercultural Dialogue on the Linguistic Influence of Teaching and Learning English to Speakers of Other Languages ERWIN L. PURCIA

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3167-7746 erwinpurcia@yahoo.com Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College Philippines Teaching English to speakers of other languages remained one of the perennial concerns of many countries not just in Asia but even in other places where English is reckoned as an instructional language. This study aimed to arrive at an in-depth understanding of the linguistic influence of the English language in as far as its teaching-learning process is concerned. Involving Key Research Informants (KRIs) from three different nations vid. Philippines, South Korea and Bali, Indonesia, the researcher has phenomenologically delved into the veracity of teaching and learning the language among these countries and deciphered on their shared practices as basis for a comparative analysis. Thematically analyzed via axial coding, results revealed that both Korean and Balinese English language learners share similar teaching-learning practices. English to them is a privilege and only those who can afford to enroll in an English crash course program can have the nitty-gritty of the language unless otherwise, they pursue baccalaureate degrees which only the affluent ones could afford. Further, English is taught in both countries based on the principles of structural linguistics whereby the use of such a language is strictly governed by rules of grammatical categories which eventually hamper them to speak it freely. Thus, for them spoken or oral communication becomes an issue. In the Philippines, however, Filipinos are dubbed fluent with the language as this has been part of their curriculum and is taught by functionalism where learners are given the freedom to speak whatever they have in mind so long that feedback mechanism is established. By then, they do not have the inhibitions to use the language because for them, it comes out naturally.

Keywords: Intercultural dialogue, linguistic influence, TESOL, phenomenology, Asian countries

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Competencies of Public Elementary School Teachers: Basis for ICT Development Program

Keywords: Education, technology in education, information and communication technology, competencies, descriptive design, Philippines

Predictors of Religiosity among High School Adolescents of La Consolacion University Philippines CHRISTIAN ANGELO D. CATINDIG https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9654-9644 catindigc0518@yahoo.com La Consolacion University Philippines Philippines The study seek to advance the over-all understanding of religiosity among the High School Adolescents of La Consolacion University, Philippines by comparing the identified predictors that are divided into three factors; Personal Demographics, School-Related Factors, and Family-Related Factors. Youth of today are an interesting test case in studying religious development. Involving 354 students from Grade 11 Senior High School Basic Education Department of LCUP, the study revealed that among the fifteen identified predictors only four was significantly related to religiosity namely the Attendance to Religious Services for the past years under Personal Demographic Factors, Attendance to Recollection and Religious Talks under School-Related Factors, and Family Religious Practices under Family-Related Factors. These analyses indicate the importance of religious character models in the development of once religiosity. Moreover, The purpose of this study is to implement as manifested in religious activities such as; attending religious services, praying, ascribing values to one’s religious belief since the comparison of religiosity across the lifespan suggests that religiosity declines during high school and stabilizes (at least temporarily) at relatively low levels during late adolescence.

Keywords: Religiosity, high school adolescents, demographics, school, family, descriptive design, Philippines

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

HELEN P. CATANAOAN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2034-4260 helen.catanaoan@gmail.com DepEd- Gen. Artemio Ricarte Memorial School Philippines

The world is now in the 21st -century learning that requires teachers to effectively use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in carrying out their duties. This study aimed to assess the level of ICT competencies of selected District II public elementary school teachers in the city of General Trias, Cavite, Philippines. The proponent employed descriptive research design. The researcher used a teacher-made questionnaire and administered it through online survey format. The quantitative data from the online survey were evaluated and interpreted using appropriate statistical tools. The researcher concluded that the teachers’ ICT competency based on the responses of the teachers and pupils is generally at a moderate level. The result also showed that there existed a significant difference between the responses of the teacher-participants and pupil-participants only in the use of the interactive whiteboard. The researcher highly recommends the use of the proposed ICT development program for elementary school teachers to assist them in improving their level of ICT competencies which will bring out confidence and capability to integrate technology in the teaching and learning process. The implementation of a comprehensive development program of teachers will help them develop the ICT skills that will help them to facilitate work easier, faster and better in other teachingrelated tasks.

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The Potential of Utilizing Trichanthera gigantea Leaf Meal on the Diet of Oreochromis niloticus Fry

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

ROMEO D. CATURAO https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9923-4859 romeocaturao@gmail.com University of Antique, Tario-Lim Memorial Campus Philippines

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While quality feeds and good feeding practices for larval rearing of tilapia fry has been established, other cheap source of protein from plant sources has not been fully explored. In this study, the potential of Trichanthera gigantea leaf meal supplementation on the diet of O. niloticus fry was evaluated in a complete randomized design in four treatments replicated three times: (Treatment 1, 75% TG + 25% Fm; Treatment 2, 50% TG + 50% Fm; Treatment 3, 25% TG + 75% Cd; and Treatment 4, 100% Cd without TG, as control). Each treatment was stocked with fifty (50) tilapia fry with an average body weight of 0.42 g and an average body length of 27 mm and reared for two months. Sampling of growth and survival rate were done every two weeks, and water quality parameters were monitored daily.

One Way Analysis of Variance was used to determine significant difference among treatments at 0.05 alpha. Results showed that fish fed 75% TG with 25% Fm had significantly (p>0.05) higher ABW (4.29+ 0.242g), ABL (62.45+0.312 mm), and SR (90.40+0.561%) at the end of the culture compared from the rest of the treatments. Tricanthera gigantea can be a potential leaf meal supplementation on the diet of O. niloticus fry.

Keywords: Feeding, larval rearing, potential, leaf meal supplementation, commercial diets, Trichanthera gigantea, O. niloticus, experimental design, Philippines, Asia

The Viability of the Re-implementation of the Ferry Service in the Port of Orion, Bataan, Philippines JULIET ALLEGRA A. BLANAS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-1301 julietblanas@gmail.com Bataan Peninsula State University-Main Campus Philippines Since history has proven that economic prosperity depends on the improvement of transportation facilities as it is considered a basic necessity in the development of an economy because of the constant need for travel and trade. This descriptive study aims to assess the re-emergence of the ferry services operation particularly in Bataan-Manila area and find out whether it could become a viable source of income to the province in general. The study made use of a researcher made instrument which was validated by various experts in the field of transport service, research, business and statistics. It was then distributed and retrieved from the travelling public all over Bataan. Further, this study revealed that majority of the commuters to and from Bataan travel for the purpose of business, school, work and social purposes such that they need a mode of transport that has facilities and amenities that give enough accommodation. Significantly, it must be well-maintained wherein consumers should feel security while on board plus a fare that is reasonable. Further, the transport operation must employ personnel who are courteous and accommodating to attract more passengers to travel and to entice them from using the ferry services and be the commuters’ preference.

Keywords: Transportation, transport services, ferry services, descriptive study, Philippines, Asia

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Responding to Educational Reform: The Senior High School Implementation at Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College JOMAR B. MENDOZA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-6498 qao@dclc.edu.ph Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College Philippines

NORA VELMA M. GAYOD https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3453-1224 svp@@dclc.edu.ph Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College Philippines

Keywords: Basic Education, Senior High School Implementation, policy direction, descriptivecorrelational, Philippines

Status of Adopt-A-School Program (RA 8525) in Public Elementary Schools in the Division of Cavite: Basis for a Five-Year Strategic Development Plan DEMETRIO R. RECTO JR. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-1467 demetrio.rectojr@gmail.com Javalera Elementary School Philippines

EDNA A. BAYOT https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-4702 edna.bayot@deped.ph Office of the Public Schools District Supervisor City of General Trias, Philippines

Education is regarded as the most vital service a government can provide its people. The study aimed to determine the status of Adopt-A-School Program (ASP) in public elementary schools in the Division of Cavite, Philippines. Using descriptive method of research, it was conducted to the selected elementary schools in the Division that are implementing the ASP with the survey questionnaire as the main instrument in gathering the data. It then subjected to the following statistical treatments: weighted mean, chi-square, and t-test. The study revealed that all the variables were rated moderately implemented except for “Assistive Learning Device” which was rated fairly implemented. The identified facilitating and hindering factors on the implementation of the ASP were found to be facilitating and hindering. The implementation, facilitating and hindering factors when related to school profiles have shown significant relationships except for “Physical Facilities”, “Direct Assistance” and “Assistive Learning Device” which were rated not significant when related to facilities, and finally, there is no significant difference between the assessments of the two groups of respondents on ASP. The study concluded that the implementation of ASP is moderately implemented; all the indicators in the different variables was moderately facilitating/hindering; the implementation, facilitating/hindering factors as related to school profiles have significant relationships and there were no significant differences in the assessment of the respondents in the implementation of the Program.

Keywords: Education, Adopt-A-School Program, Republic Act 8525, partnerships, descriptive study, Philippines

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

This study determined the teachers and learners’ perceptions, factors and problems encountered in the implementation of the Senior High School Program in Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College (DCLC). Utilizing the descriptive-correlation method of research, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to serve as its main instrument in gathering the needed data in this study. It was pilot tested and has undergone test of reliability through Cronbach’s alpha to measure its specific constructs. It involved 85 Grade 12 students and 35 teachers of Senior High School during the Academic Year 2017-2018 selected through convenience sampling. Based from the result, they perceived that the Senior High School Program in DCLC is implemented as to school learning environment, teacher’s competence, school physical facilities, student’s participation, school system support, and community and other agencies support and such can be considered as factors influencing the implementation of the program. Thus, its implementation shall be maintained and strengthened to address its changing needs and demands of time. Consequently, inputs of this study shall serve as basis for policy redirection to be instituted in carrying out projects within the Senior High School umbrella that shall be revisited among the measures of the quality management system of the institution.

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English Language Communicative Teaching and Learning of the Association of Schools of the Augustinian Sisters: A Basis for a Communicative Approach-Based Enhancement Program

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

ENRICO F. ROSALES https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-0081 efr64@yahoo.com La Consolacion University Philippines

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This research assessed the use of Communicative Approach in teaching Communication Arts English in selected ASAS Schools. The result of the data analysis was used as basis toward developing a Communicative Approach-Based Enhancement Program of the ASAS Schools. Using the descriptive-survey method, the respondents of this study were the students, Subject Area Coordinators, and Teachers of English from the eleven (11) ASAS schools. A questionnaire and classroom observations were used as data gathering tools by the researcher on the assessment on the use and effectiveness of communicative approach in teaching Communication Arts English. The communicative needs of the high school students in Communication Arts English as to the four communicative language skills such as listening , speaking, reading and writing, listening as perceived by the students and the subject area coordinators are to a Great Extent except for the skill in listening that is to a Very Great Extent. The use of communicative approach and the degree of effectiveness in teaching Communication Arts English based on the classroom observation of the Subject Area Coordinators and the perception of the student-respondents respectively as to the role of the teacher on the use of the communicative approach, instructional materials utilized and strategies and techniques employed resulted a Moderate Extent and Effective respectively for both group of respondents. Of the 15 problems encountered by the teachers on the use of the communicative approach, two are Slightly Serious, six are Moderately Serious, seven are Serious.

Keywords: English language teaching and learning, communicative approach, communicative approachedbased enhancement program, descriptive survey method, Philippines

Inquiry Level of Science Teachers in a Public School: An Assessment VIRGIE T. TACCAD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-2560 del_taccad@yahoo.com General Artemio Ricarte Memorial School Philippines This research was designed to address the prevalent issues of the traditional way of teaching--teachercentered/driven learning. This research study utilized systematic sampling where seven 17% of 41 total population of teaching personnel in General Artemio Ricarte Memorial School (GARMS), one of the public schools in General Trias City, Philippines. This seven respondents were the science teachers of the school from grades 3 to 6. In this study, the respondents provided necessary information by checking the indicators they think they are as teachers of Science using the revised article “Many levels of Inquiry�. Voluntary participation of the participants was considered in the conduct of the study.

The confidentiality of the respondents was also considered thus putting names in the checklist was optional. Afterwhich, the researcher gathered and consolidated the data reflected in the checklist.

There after the retrieval of the instrument, the researcher tabulated, analyzed and interpreted the results. After the conduct of study, it was revealed that four out of seven science teachers of GARMS were considered beginners in using inquiry-based approach. It was discovered that there is need to develop the inquiry skills and inquiry level of the teachers for better result of education. It was also exposed that Programs and trainings are needed to improve the inquiry skills of the science teachers.

Keywords: Education, inquiry-based approach, science teachers, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Right Master Plan to Express Ones’ Discernment (RIGHT MED): An Intervention Program in English to Enrich the Oral Skills of Grade 1 Pupils VIRGIE T. TACCAD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-2560 del_taccad@yahoo.com General Artemio Ricarte Memorial School Philippines

Keywords: Education, intervention program, second language, English, oral skills, experimental design, Philippines

Improving the Achievement of Grade 7 Students in Science through Team Teaching MARILOU J. TAÑADA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-7295 marilou.tanada@yahoo.com Bataan National High School Philippines This study discusses an innovative program of team teaching of Grade 7 in Science at Bataan National High School for the school year 2016-2017. The pre-test and post-test was randomly assigned (using lottery) to two groups. The experimental study investigated the effects of team teaching in the achievement of the Grade 7 students in Science. A total of 94 students participated in the study. Half of it was assigned as the control group while the other half for the experimental group. Data for the study was collected using the Achievement Test in Science which was developed by the researcher and validated by the experts. The obtained data were analyzed with t-test statistics for research results. The result revealed that there was a significant difference between the post-test of the experimental group and the control group. There was a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-test and posttest of the experimental and control groups. This suggests that the respondents from the control group and experimental group both improved after the course of the study and experiment. The accumulated results revealed that students have improved their scores and performance in Science Grade 7 proved that team teaching can significantly uplift their achievement scores. Thus, the team must be well coordinated, and the expert must share his/her knowledge to the non-specialist. Students taught Science 7 through team teaching approach performed significantly better than students taught by a single instructor.

Keywords: Education, pedagogy, science, academic achievement, team teaching, experimental design, Philippines

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Most pupils, especially beginners, are afraid of committing errors in communicating using English as the language. These children, then, choose not to talk or not to participate in any circumstances.

Accordingly, this is an over-the-hill problem that most of the English teachers in General Artemio Ricarte Memorial School (GARMS) face every year resulting to poor academic performance of the pupils.

Since the progress of the respondents in Speaking Skill is being monitored, the experimental method of research was used. This method fits appropriately in this case study format using developmental design. In this study, forty (40) grade1 pupils’ Speaking Skill of GARMS in General Trias City, Cavite, Philippines was assessed according to following pointers of English Language Proficiency: Starting, Developing, Expanding and Bridging. The respondents were given diverse activities which developed their speaking skills. After the conduct of the study in November 2016 to December 2017, the result revealed the improvement of the speaking skills of the respondents. It was revealed that in one way or another, the fear of the pupils in using the English language slowly dissolved.

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Writing Errors of Grade Nine Students: Basis for Sentence Writing Module

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

JHONATHAN L. ULIT https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5860-3010 jhonathan.ulit15@gmail.com Camba National High School Philippines

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This study determined the sentence writing errors of the grade nine students at Dolores National High School, Magalang, Pampanga, Philippines. Seventy grade nine students served as the respondents of the study. The holistic sentence rubric, California Education Language and Development Test (CELDT), was used in analyzing the written sentences of the respondents. The statistical tools such as mean, frequency and ranking, and T-Test Independent Variable were used. The findings revealed that both in pretest and posttest, capitalization was the most persistent sentence error in mechanical category and wrong word choice in structural category. However, the use of preposition was the most persistent error under grammatical category for pretest only since tense/form of verb became the most persistent error in posttest. The grade nine students’ level of writing performance in pretest fell from emerging communication to basic communication in posttest after the conducted intervention. The respondents’ most persistent sentence error in pretest in each category had highly significant difference to their most persistent sentence error in posttest. It also revealed that the respondents’ scores in pretest had highly significant difference to their scores in posttest. The sentence writing module was strongly agreed by the validators with an overall mean of 4.65.

Keywords: Education, writing errors, grade nine students, sentence writing module, descriptive design, Philippines

Teacher’s Effectiveness in Comprehension Instruction among Grade 11 Senior High School Students: An Evaluation DYAN YONGQUE-FERRER https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-1614 dyanferrer02@gmail.com Fernando Air Base National High School Philippines Students need to know the different structures of narrative and expository texts. Interestingly, these components of effective comprehension instruction appear to be necessary for all grade levels, not just for older students. The study aimed to determine the extent of implementation of Grade 11 SHS teachers in comprehension instruction. This study used the quantitative features in the design, data collection and analysis. As perceived by the teachers, among the categories, stimulating student’s participation story-telling, poem and song appreciation and by arousing student’s interest in the story and poem got the highest rank in motivating comprehension instruction. The study concluded that reading comprehension which is a part of teaching English as the second language requires motivation, mental frameworks for holding ideas, concentration and good study techniques. Explicitness with which teachers teaches comprehension strategies makes a difference in learner’s outcomes, especially for low-achieving students. The role of vocabulary instruction in enhancing comprehension is complex.

Various aspects of word consciousness was crucial to strategies for independent word learning especially in Philippine setting where Filipino is the mother tongue.

Keywords: Education, comprehension instruction, effectiveness, senior high school, descriptive design, Philippines Co-author: Evangeline B. Escabel

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Status of Implementation of Constructivist, Collaboration, Integrative, Inquiry-Based, and Reflective ( 2C2IR) Pedagogical Approaches in General Trias City , Philippines LAURA O. GARCIA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1980-7421 laura.garcia@deped.gov.ph Department of Education Philippines

JOSEPHINE M. MONZAGA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-7800 josephine.monzaga@deped.gov.ph Department of Education Philippines

Keywords: Education, pedagogy, Constructivist, Collaboration, Integrative, Inquiry-Based, Reflective, Pedagogical Approaches, 2C2IR Approach

Service Quality Dimensions for Department of Tourism Region III’s Accredited Restaurants in Angeles City, Philippines RENNIER T. PEREZ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2521-3320 perezrennier@gmail.com Systems Plus College Foundation Philippines

ROEL S. AGUSTIN https://orcid.org/0002-8007-483X roelagustin@yahoo.com Systems Plus College Foundation Philippines

The study deals about measuring the service quality (SERVQUAL) dimensions on the setting of the accredited restaurants of the Department of Tourism (DOT) in Angeles City, Philippines. The dimensions that were measured are food quality, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Respondents of the study were the current and past customers of the participating restaurants wherein the survey outcome depicts positive results. The outcome of the study suggested that seven DOT accredited restaurants of Angeles City, Philippines possesses quality in their service delivery in the following SERVQUAL dimensions evidenced on the agreement of their respective respondents. More so, all seven service quality dimensions in combination affects customer satisfaction. This finding provides DOT accredited restaurants in Angeles City, Philippines an indication that they need to work on specific action plans to sustain their services in line with the SERVQUAL dimensions rated strongly by the respondents of this study. Based from the overall consolidated rating, it shows that lack of parking space is still an issue for the respondents, this attribute got the lowest rating of 3.42 which reads “Fairly Agree”, although restaurants are mostly located in business districts which provides limited parking, the researchers therefore suggests and recommends that these restaurants aid the call for maximization of utilization of public transportation as an alternative way of getting by around the city, with the projects on going with the road improvisation of Angeles City, this will pave the way to achieve the said. Moreover, responsiveness rated the lowest amongst the 7 variables, but with proper training session to improve on this aspect of service delivery, which includes; proactively correcting mistakes, Staff well-trained on speed of service, the initiation of extra efforts in deliver of customer service, and employees ability to completely handle guest complains in a manner by which it ends into a win-win resolution.

Keywords: Hotel and restaurant management, service quality, SERVQUAL, accredited restaurants, descriptive design, Philippines

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

The main purpose of this study was to ascertain the status of the Implementation of Constructivist, Collaboration, Integrative, Inquiry-Based, and Reflective (2C2IR) Pedagogical Approaches in the City of General Trias, Philippines. A descriptive method was used in the study. The sets of survey questionnaires were the main instruments used to gather data. From the results of the study, a Municipal 2C2IR Implementation Plan was developed for the utilization of all school heads and master teachers to further improve teaching competency of teachers and utilize the 2C2IR most effectively and appropriately for the pupils. Generally, Collaborative Approach was the most common approach utilized by most of the teachers in General Trias City as revealed by the school heads and the master teachers in their observations. It was notably reported that the approach employed was delivered with mastery and developed with appropriateness based on the diversity of learners. The “competent” remark was rated by the respondents as it was used always by the teachers in their respective schools which had percentile of 100% both for teachers competence and appropriateness and relevance.

Therefore, only two indicators were considered capabilities with perfect percentile score.

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Lettuce Grown in an Open Field and Protected Culture Applied with Different Fermented Plant Juices

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

EDEN AZARCE ALAM https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-5671 eden_alam214@yahoo.com.ph Capiz State University- Pontevedra Campus Philippines

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This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield performance of lettuce in the open field and protected culture with the different fermented plant juices. The experiment was laid out for a two-factor experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments: Factor A (Type of Culture); C1 – Open Filed and C2 – Protected Culture and, Factor B (FPJ); F1 – No FPJ (control), F2 – Azola, F3 – Kakawate and F4 – Ipil-ipil.Lettuce in the protected culture produced significantly longer and more leaves at 15 DAT but not at 30, 45 and 60 DAT. No significant effect was noted on the width of leaves as affected by the two types of culture.Regardless of culture, plants applied with kakawate FPJ produced longer leaf 15 DAT with a mean of 3.73cm. Also, it significantly influenced the number of leaves at 45 and 60 DAT with means of 13.43 and 19.13, respectively. Among the four sources of FPJ, kakawate was effective in producing the heavier plants with a mean of 111.4g.

Likewise, kakawate FPJ was very effective in producing more leaves in the open field.

Keywords: Organic fertilization, lettuce, fermented plant juice, open field, protected culture, experimental design, Philippines

Faculty Empowerment Practices of a State University: Basis for Proposed Faculty Empowerment Development Program for Public Higher Education Institutions JOCELYN L. REYES https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-9066 elenjoy_dec82007@yahoo.com Cavite State University Philippines Empowerment is anchored on the idea that giving faculty motivation, opportunities and resources, as well as responsibility and accountability for outcomes of their actions, contributes to an atmosphere of trust, competence and satisfaction in the workplace. This study aims to assess the extent of implementation of the faculty empowerment practices in selected campuses of Cavite State University. To gather data, survey questionnaire and interview are used. The z-test of independent mean is used to determine if there is significant difference between the assessment of extent of implementation of empowerment practices by the administrators and faculty. Administrators and faculty perceive that empowerment practices in terms of faculty participation in decision-making; faculty participation in policy-making; faculty professional status; faculty professional development; faculty organizations; faculty efficacy; and faculty academic freedom are implemented in great extent. Hence, it can be concluded that the CvSU faculty are greatly empowered. There is a significant difference between the assessment of extent of implementation of empowerment practices by the administrators and faculty participants.

Research results serve as basis for proposed Faculty Empowerment Development Program for Public Higher Education Institutions.

Keywords: Educational management, faculty empowerment, descriptive research, Philippines

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Benchmarking on Industry-Based Competencies and Circumstances on the Perspective of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management Graduates: Basis for Curriculum Enhancement LESLIE R. JORGE https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-787X leslie_jorge@yahoo.com Bataan Peninsula State University Philippines

Keywords: Curriculum enhancement, tourism management, ASEAN Integration, descriptive design, Philippines

Teachers: Keystone on Students’ Performance DIEGO M. MALONES https://orcid.org/0002-2569-6521 26dmmalones@gmail.com Capiz State University-Pontevedra Campus Philippines

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With recent advancement in information and communication technology, will teachers still be an important figure who can influence students’ learning outcomes? To shed light to the issue, this descriptive-correlational research ascertained how teachers’ teaching effectiveness influenced the students’ performance. Utilizing the jury-validated questionnaire, teaching effectiveness in the following areas like commitment, knowledge of the subject, teaching for independent learning, and management of learning were determined. Students’ performance, on the other hand, was based on their weighted average grade for the semester. The samples of the study consisted of 275 college students taking up Bachelor of Science in Agriculture. Data gathered were analyzed using the mean, F-test and Pearson’s r. The study found that teachers were effective in all areas, namely: commitment, knowledge of the subject, teaching for independent learning and management of learning. Students’ performance was “satisfactory.” The study also disclosed that students’ performance differed significantly when classified as to the level of teaching effectiveness, in favor of very effective and effective teachers. Furthermore, students’ performance was significantly correlated to their teachers’ commitment, knowledge of subject, teaching for independent learning, and management of learning.

With these results, it is concluded that effective teachers produced students with better grades.

Keywords: Education, teaching effectiveness, performance, commitment, descriptive design, Philippines

July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

The study aims to identify competencies needed in the Tourism Industry Workforce from the perspective of graduates who are directly affected by the fast paced changes in the growing Tourism Industry. The study identified labor competencies required to fill the current tourism workforce in the Philippines and determine whether educational institutions honed competent and skilled graduates geared towards working in the Tourism Industry. Descriptive method is used to identify the competencies needed through the graduates’ perspectives and experiences in job application and Hiring Process. Using validated researcher made instrument, reaching out to respondents’ through home visitations, utilization of social networking sites and telephone interviews. The study revealed that the competencies needed in the Tourism Industry workforce are: Education such as Baccalaureate degree, trainings, seminars and OJT; Contact-Based Competencies such as Communication Skills, Customer Service Skills and Computer Literacy; Personality and Physical Attributes such as confidence, smile, height, good human relations and good grooming practices. The study also reckon that Bataan Peninsula State University is producing highly competent and skilled graduates but lacks guidance in providing direction to graduates in striving harder to acquire Tourism Related Jobs.

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OBE-Based Examination in General Chemistry DIEGO M. MALONES https://orcid.org/0002-2569-6521 26dmmalones@gmail.com Capiz State University-Pontevedra Campus Philippines

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

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MA. CLARINDA N. MEDEQUISO https://orcid.org/0000-0000-0000-0000 mcnmedequiso67@yahoo.com Filamer Christian University Philippines

Employing the descriptive-correlational research study, the learning outcomes of maritime students in terms of knowledge, skills and attitude towards General Chemistry, the reliability and construct validity of the Attitude Scale, and the difficulty as well as the discrimination indices of the OBE-based Examinations in General Chemistry, and the relationships among the students’ learning outcomes in terms of knowledge, attitude and skills were ascertained. The OBE-based Examinations in General Chemistry, the Skills Assessment Rubric and the Attitude Scale were the data-gathering tools used.

Data gathered were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, and Pearson r. The study found that the learning outcomes of the students in General Chemistry were “average,” “poor,” and “positive” in terms of knowledge, skills and attitude, respectively. The attitude scale on the other hand, has a very good reliability and validity. The difficulty of the items in the prelim, midterm, prefinal and final examinations was on “average” level and the discrimination indices of the items were either good or very good. Finally, the study disclosed a significant relationship between knowledge and skills of students. It is concluded that outcomes-based education improves the knowledge and skills of the students.

Keywords: Outcomes-based education, learning outcomes, difficulty index, discrimination index, rubric, maritime education, descriptive design, Philippines

Decision-Making Practices and Transformational Leadership Skills of College Deans in Private Higher Educational Institutions in the National Capital Region MARIA CARMEN POLACHE-CASEROS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0708-1654 mariacarmencaseros@yahoo.com.ph Department of Education Philippines The ability of the deans to make good decisions and to employ transformational leadership is the defining attribute of a high performance of the college. In this study, the researcher examined the decision making practices and the transformational leadership skills of deans in 31 participating universities of private Higher Educational Institutions (HEI’s) in the entire National Capital Region, Philippines (NCR). Using two survey tools that were prepared and distributed to the respondents which is the Transformational Leadership Behaviors Questionnaire (Lea Daradal Canivel, 2012) was and Flinders Decision Making Questionnaire (Mann, L. & Burnett, P. et al., 1982), the results showed that there was a significant relationship between decision-making practices and transformational leadership skills of the college deans. Since the degree of correlation is moderate, it depicts that the decision making practices of the deans has the tendency to increase if the Transformational Leadership Skills increase.

Consequently, this research study strongly contributes to the understanding of the various practices and skills involved of the college deans’ decision making and transformational leadership since the researcher unravels in this study the significant relationship between the decision making practices and the transformational leadership skills of the college deans.

Keywords: Transformational leadership, decision-making, college deans, higher education institutions, descriptive design, Philippines

Theme: Interdisciplinary Research as Means to Achieve Educational Outcomes

Lived Experiences of Selected Pioneer Senior High School Teachers REYMOND A. MOSQUITO https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9359-3268 reymond.mosquito@deped.gov.ph Caraga Regional Science High School Philippines

Keywords: Education, Lived experience of teachers, implementation of Senior High School program, skills-based instruction, 21st Century teacher and learner, qualitative design, Philippines

2nd Asian Conference in Interdisciplinary Research 2018

Using a modified Van Kaam method by Moustakas (1994), this study explored and described the lived experiences of the selected pioneer Senior High School teachers in the implementation of Senior High School program in Surigao City Division, Caraga Region, Philippines. Ten informants were selected using purposive and criterion sampling specifying as pioneer teachers of senior high school. The emergent themes derived from the study are (1) 21st Century Skills-Based Instruction; (2) Inventiveness and Ingenuity; (3) Beyond Classroom Learning; (4) Competence and Readiness; and (5) Fulfilled Teaching Experience. The emergent themes explained how teachers have viewed the implementation, challenges and success stories in the senior high school program. Undeniably, teacher’s lived experience in the implementation of senior high school program is considered to be fulfilling with commitment and passion to teach despite the challenges encountered. These challenges along the way have been addressed through the ingenuity and creativity of teachers like being resourceful in providing reference materials to learners. There may be lacking and inadequate learning facilities but this does not hinder teachers in providing quality services to students.

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July 22-24, 2018 • Hôtel Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Golf & Spa Resort, Siem Reap, Cambodia