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As you
ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ N 4 / 2012
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ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ As you
N 4 / 2012
ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ
civil society
§Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝ
"Women’s Rights Center" non-governmental organization
§ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÐÐ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍ
RA Draft Law on ”Domestic Violence”
·»Ý¹»ñ
gender
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ØáõïùÇó ³ÛÝ ÏáÕÙ ëå³ë»ÉÇë. ÇÝãáõ± ïճݻñÁ ã»Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý É»½í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý
Waiting outside: Why don’t boys apply to Yerevan State Linguistic University named after V. Brusov?
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Ð³Û Ï³Ý³Ûù ë»÷³Ï³Ý »Ï³ÙïÇ ³ñŨáñÙ³Ý ßáõñç. ëáóÇáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝ »ñ¨³ÝóÇÝ»ñÇ ßñç³ÝáõÙ
Armenian women around valuing their own income: sociological research among people living in Yerevan
ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝ
sexual health
ê»éáí å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙ
Sex selective abortion
Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ
human rights
Ø»Ýù ÉéáõÙ »Ýù, áñ Ù»½ Éë»Ý: ÆëÏ Ç±Ýã »ë ³ÝáõÙ ¹áõ, áñ ˳Ëï»ë ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÁ
We keep silent to be heard. What do you do to break the silence?
سñïÇ 8-Á` γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ
March 8 – International Women’s Day
Ùß³ÏáõÛÃ
culture
ÎÇÝÁ ýáïá³ñí»ëïáõÙ
Women in photography
Ñ»ñáë
hero
²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³Ý
Amalya Kostanyan
ֳݳå³ñÑáñ¹
traveler
6 ³ÙÇë г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ
6 Months in Armenia
³Ýó³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ
past events
ØáÙ³í³éáõÃÛáõÝ` §ÈáõÛëÇ ³Ïódz¦
Candlelight: “Action of light”
ö»ïñí³ñ 29 - §²Ûëå»ë »Ù ÍÝí»É ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³Ù¦-Ç ëï»ÕÍáõÙÁ
February 29- Celebrating the opening of “Born This Way Foundation”
ÞÝáñѳíáñ Ù³ñïÇ 8` γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ
Happy March 8 – International Women’s Day
سñïÇ 9-Á` êåáñïÁ` ѳÝáõÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ. µááõÉÇÝ·
March 9 – Sport in the name of equal opportunities: bowling
§ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦-Ý 1 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿
“As you!” is 1 year old
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гñ·»ÉÇ° ÁÝûñóáÕ,
Ø»Ýù ³ñ¹»Ý Ù»Ï ï³ñ»Ï³Ý »Ýù, ÇÝãÇ ³éÃÇí ßÝáñѳíáñáõÙ »Ýù Ù»½ µáÉáñÇë: êÇñáí Ññ³íÇñáõÙ »Ýù Ò»½ ÁÝûñó»Éáõ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÇ ãáññáñ¹` ·³ñݳݳÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñÁ, áñÁ ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ ÝíÇñí³Í ¿ ϳݳÝó: ²Ûë ѳٳñáõ٠ϳñáÕ »ù ·ïÝ»É Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñ γݳÝó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñí³` سñïÇ 8-Ç å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý, ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ, ϳݳÝó ÑÇÙݳѳñó»ñáí ½µ³ÕíáÕ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, Ýñ³Ýó ÏáÕÙÇó Çñ³Ï³Ý³óí³Í Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ ¨ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ, Ùß³ÏáõÛÃáõÙ Ý»ñ·ñ³íí³Í ϳݳÝó Ù³ëÇÝ: §¶»Ý¹»ñ¦ µ³ÅÝáõ٠ϳñáÕ »ù ·ïÝ»É Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ëáóÇáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ å³ïÙáÕ Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñ, áñáÝù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ »Ý, û ÇÝãå»ë »Ý Ñ³Û Ï³Ý³Ûù ³ñŨáñáõÙ ë»÷³Ï³Ý ¹ñ³ÙÁ, ¨ û ÇÝãáõ ïճݻñÁ ã»Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ ì. ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý ä»ï³Ï³Ý È»½í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý гٳÉë³ñ³Ý: §Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ¦ µ³ÅÝáõÙ ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý úñí³ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿` ûñ, »ñµ ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ å³Ûù³ñáõÙ »Ý ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ³é³í»É ³å³Ñáí ¹³ñÓÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ` ϳÝ˳ñ·»É»Éáõ Ù³ñ¹áõ ³ñųݳå³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýí³ëï³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ, ͳÕñ³ÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ íÇñ³íáñ³ÝùÁ: ²Ùë³·ñÇ ³Ûë ѳٳñÇ Ñ»ñáëÁ Âñ³Ýë÷³ñ»ÝëÇ ÆÝûñÝ»ÛßÝÉ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý Ù³ëݳ×ÛáõÕÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹Çñ ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÝ ¿, áñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ÑÇßáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý ÏÇë»É Çñ ÏáÉ»·³Ý»ñÁ ¨ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ: §ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÇ ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÁ ëÇñáí ßÝáñѳíáñáõÙ ¿ µáÉáñ ϳݳÝó` γݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ ¨ ϳݳÝó ٻϳÙëÛ³ÏÇ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ` Ù³ÕûÉáí ϳݳÝó ¹»ñ³Ï³ï³ñáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óáõ٠ϳé³í³ñÙ³Ý ¨ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»Ýë³·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý µáÉáñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ: سÕÃáõÙ »Ýù Ò»½ ѳ׻ÉÇ ÁÝûñóáõÙ
Dear reader,
We are already one year old, for which we congratulate all of us. We invite you to read the fourth spring edition of e-mag with pleasure, which is mostly dedicated to women. In this edition you can find interesting articles on March 8 history, International Women’s Day, about problems concerning women’s rights and health, about organizations dealing with women’s issues, about the projects and events conducted by them and women involved in culture. In the category of "Gender" you can find interesting articles, which present different sociological research about how Armenian women value their own income and why men don’t apply to Yerevan State Linguistic University named after V. Bryusov. The history of the Day of Silence is presented in "Human Rights" section: a day, when people all around the world fight to make educational institutions safer and prevent degrading treatment of human dignity, bullying and offence. The hero of this edition is Transparency International’s Armenian branch founder Amalya Kostanyan, about whom her colleagues and friends shared their memories. The staff of "As you" e-mag congratulates all women with the International Women’s Day and women’s month and wishes that the role of women will be increased in the governmental and all spheres of public life. We hope that your reading experience will be a pleasant one.
ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ civil society
§Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝ "Women’s Rights Center" non-governmental organization γݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ (ÎÆÎ) áã ϳé³í³ñ³Ï³Ý, ß³ÑáõÛà ãÑ»ï³åݹáÕ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áñÁ ·áñÍáõÙ ¿ 1997Ã-Çó: ²ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÙÇáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áíù»ñ ѳٳËÙµ»É »Ý Çñ»Ýó ç³Ýù»ñÁ ѳÝáõÝ ÁݹѳÝáõñ Ýå³ï³ÏÇ` ϳÝË»Éáõ ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ýϳïٳٵ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, å³Ñå³Ý»Éáõ ϳݳÝó í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ¨ ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ: γݳÝó ³ÏáõÙµÇ ÑÇÙ³Ý íñ³, áñÁ ·áñÍáõÙ ¿ñ ëÏë³Í 1987 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó, 1990 Ã. ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇÝ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñí»ó §Ð³ÛáõÑǦ ϳݳÝó ÙdzíáñáõÙÁ ¨ 1991Ã. ÑáõÝí³ñÇÝ ·ñ³Ýóí»ó ²ñ¹³ñ³¹³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: ²ÛÝ ³é³çÇÝ ·ñ³Ýóí³Í ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ñ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ, áñÁ ÅáÕáíñ¹³í³ñ³Ï³Ý µ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ñëï³Ï»óñ»ó Çñ ³é³ù»ÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ` µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»É Ï³Ý³Ýó ¹»ñÁ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý, ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý, ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ¨ Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ: 1997Ã. §Ð³ÛáõÑǦ γݳÝó ÙdzíáñáõÙÁ í»ñ³Ý³Û»ó Çñ ϳÝáݳϳñ·Á, ³é³ù»ÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ Ù߳ϻó Ýáñ é³½Ù³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝ` ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ Ï»ÝïñáݳóÝ»Éáí ϳݳÝó ¨ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ íñ³: §Ð³ÛáõÑÇݦ í»ñ³Ýí³Ýí»ó §Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ¨ 1997Ã. ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇÝ í»ñ³·ñ³Ýóí»ó ²ñ¹³ñ³¹³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: سñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó ³Ù»Ý³¹³Å³ÝÁ, ûñ¨ë, ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿: ²ÛÝ áãÝã³óÝáõÙ ¿ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ÏÛ³Ýù»ñ, Ó¨³íáñáõÙ ¿ ³Ý³éáÕç ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ËáãÁݹáïáõÙ ¿ ¹ñ³ ½³ñ·³óÙ³ÝÁ: г۳ëï³ÝÁ ¨ë µ³ó³éáõÃÛáõÝ ã¿ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³ÛÉ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç, ¨ ³Ûëï»Õ ÝáõÛÝå»ë ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ` Çñ µáÉáñ
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The Women’s Rights Center (WRC) is a nongovernmental, non-profit organization that has been operating since 1997. The organization consists of dedicated individuals who have joined their efforts in accomplishing and reaching shared goals. The main goals include preventing domestic violence against women and children and protecting women’s reproductive, sexual health and rights. Based on the Women’s Club, operating since 1987, The “Hayouhi” Women’s Association was founded in November of 1990, and was registered in the Ministry of Justice in January of 1991. It was the first registered non-governmental organization in Armenia, which during democratic reforms, made clear its mission to increase women’s role in the political, economical, public and cultural life. In 1997, “Hayouhi” Women’s Association reconsidered its charter and mission and developed a new strategy focusing its activities on promoting women’s and children’s rights. Thus, “Hayouhi” was renamed the Women’s Rights Center and reregistered in the Ministry of Justice in November of 1997. The cruelest violence of human beings is domestic violence; it devastates lives, forms un-
¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñáí áõ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñáí: ²Û¹ ÇëÏ å³ï׳éáí ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ï»ëɳϳÝÝ ¿ áõÝ»Ý³É µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ½»ñÍ »ñÏÇñ, áñï»Õ ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ѳñ·í³Í ÏÉÇÝ»Ý, ÇëÏ Ï³Ý³Ûù ÏÉÇÝ»Ý ³ÝϳË, ³å³Ñáí ¨ áõÅ»Õ: γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³é³ù»ÉáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ³ç³Ïó»Éáõ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ÅáÕáíñ¹³í³ñ³Ï³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ` µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Éáí ϳݳÝó ¹»ñÁ ëáódzɳϳÝ, ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý, Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ¨ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ, ÷áË»Éáõ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ùï³Í»É³Ï»ñåÁ ¨ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ ϳݳÝó ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ Ýϳïٳٵ, å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ýí³½»óÝ»Éáõ ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ýϳïٳٵ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ` ù³ñá½ãáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ÉáµµÇÝ·Ç, Ãñ»ÛÝÇÝ·Ý»ñÇ, ë»ÙÇݳñÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÝ»ñÇ, ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ͳé³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ññ³å³ñ³ÏáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ³ç³ÏóÙ³Ý ¨ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ, Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ¨ µÇ½Ý»ë ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí:
healthy society and hinders its development. Armenia is not an exception among other countries throughout the world and here domestic violence exists in all its forms and types. For this reason, the organization’s vision is to have a country free from any form of violence, and where women’s rights are respected and enforced creating independent, safe and strong women. The mission of the organization is to promote and support the democratic changes in Armenia. These include raising women’s role in the social, economic, cultural and political sphere by altering the mentality and attitude traditionally associated with women. Other goals include protecting women’s rights, ensuring gender equality, reducing the rate of domestic violence against women and their children through advocacy and lobbying programs, conducting seminars, trainings and conferences, providing counseling and services, conducting research, studies and publications, establishing supportive and educational programs, developing cul-
§ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý íϳݻñÁ¦ óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ë ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ, 2010Ã. “Witnesses of Silent” exhibition in Yerevan, 2010
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γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ»ñÝ »Ý. • ϳÝ˳ñ·»É»É ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ýϳïٳٵ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, • å³ßïå³Ý»É ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ` µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ³½³ï ÉÇÝ»Éáõ Çñ³íáõÝùÁ, • ³ç³Ïó»É ϳݳÝó Ýϳïٳٵ ÏÇñ³éíáÕ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý ¨ å³ïųÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ Ù»Ë³ÝǽÙÝ»ñÇ Ï³ï³ñ»É³·áñÍÙ³ÝÁ, • å³ßïå³Ý»É ϳݳÝó í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý áõ ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ: γݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ ѳݹÇë³ÝáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³Ýáõ٠γݳÛù Áݹ¹»Ù µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ºíñáå³ÛÇ ó³ÝóÇ (ìÇ»Ýݳ) ѳٳϳñ·áÕ ¨ ´³ó ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó Ýϳïٳٵ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Íñ³·ñÇ ³½·³ÛÇÝ ÙáÝÇïáñ: γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ ѳݹÇë³ÝáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÏáÝëáñóÇáõÙÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹ÇñÁ ¨ ù³ñïáõÕ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ì»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý ²ñ¨»É³»íñáå³Ï³Ý ²ÉÛ³ÝëÇ ¨ γݳÝó ³å³ëï³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ó³ÝóÇ ÑÇÙݳ¹Çñ ³Ý¹³ÙÁ: γݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ ѳݹÇë³ÝáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ ²êîð² – λÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ¨ ²ñ¨»É³»íñáå³Ï³Ý ë»é³Ï³Ý ¨ í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý³Ýó ó³ÝóÇ, ²ñ¨»ÉùÇ ²ñ¨ÙáõïùÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó ó³ÝóÇ, λÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ¨ ²ñ¨»ÉÛ³Ý ºíñáå³ÛÇ ¨ λÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ²ëdzÛÇ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÐÎ-Ý»ñÇ Î³ñ³ï ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ Ïá³ÉÇódzÛÇ ¨ ÐÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Õáñ³Ûù³ÛÇÝ ÁݹѳïÙ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÏáÝëáñóÇáõÙÇ ³Ý¹³Ù: ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÇó ½³ï` §Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ ë»ñïáñ»Ý ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï: γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ §Àݹ¹»Ù ϳݳÝó Ýϳïٳٵ µéÝáõÃ۳ݦ Ïá³ÉÇódzÛÇ ÑÇÙ-
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tural and business plans. The main goals of the organization include: • Preventing domestic violence against women and their children • Protecting women’s and children’s right to be free from violence • Assisting in the improvement of mechanisms of prevention and sanctions applicable against domestic violence against women • Protecting women’s reproductive and sexual health and rights
The Women’s Rights Center is the coordinator of Women against Violence European Network (WAVE, Vienna) in Armenia, national monitor of Violence against Women program of Open Society Institute. The organization is a founder and Secretariat of the International Consortium against Domestic Violence, a founding member of the Eastern European Alliance for Reproductive Choice (EEARC, Kiev) and of the Global Network of Women’s Shelters (GNWS, Canada). Women’s Rights Center is also a member of Astra - Central and Eastern European Women’s Network for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (Warsaw), Network of East West Women (Warsaw, New York), Karat Regional Coalition of Women’s NGOs in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia (Warsaw) and International Consortium for Medical Abortion (IGMA, London).
ݳ¹Çñ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇó ¿: г۳ëï³ÝÇ 10 Ù³ñ½»ñáõÙ ÎÆÎ-Á áõÝÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ ¨ ϳݳÝó ³ÏïÇí ËÙµ»ñ, ÇëÏ 4 Ù³ñ½Ï»ÝïñáÝÝ»ñáõÙ` ¶³í³éáõÙ, Æ稳ÝáõÙ, ì³Ý³ÓáñáõÙ ¨ γå³ÝáõÙ` ַݳųٳÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÝ»ñ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ:
Besides international cooperation, Women’s Rights Center NGO is closely working with local non-governmental organizations as well. The organization is a founding member of the Coalition to Stop Violence against Women. In ten regions of Armenia, WRC holds active women’s groups and representatives and in the four regional centers (Gavar, Ijevan, Vanadzor and Kapan), offers crisis centers available for women and children who are victims of domestic violence.
¶áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ ²½·³ÛÇÝ Â»Å ¶ÇÍ 1997Ã.-Çó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáõÙ ¿ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ³é³çÇÝ ¨ Ý»ñϳÛáõÙë ÙÇ³Ï íëï³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»é³Ëáë³ÛÇÝ ³Ýí׳ñ ͳé³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ»ñÝ »Ý ` • µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»É ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»åù»ñÁ, • ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»É ³Ýí׳ñ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ¨ Çñ³í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ, • ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»åùáõÙ áõÕÕáñ¹»É ³å³ëï³ñ³Ý: γݳÝó ³ç³ÏóÙ³Ý ¨ ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝ (ַݳųٳÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝ) ַݳųٳÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÝó ïñ³Ù³¹ÁñíáõÙ ¿ ³Ýí׳ñ ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý, Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ¨ Çñ³í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ, ÇëÏ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»åùáõÙ Ýñ³Ýù áõÕÕáñ¹íáõÙ »Ý ³å³ëï³ñ³Ý: γݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåíáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ ËÙµ³ÛÇÝ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³Ýù:
Activities National Domestic Violence Hotline Since 1997, the organization’s National Hot Line Service provides free psychological assistance and legal counseling for women exposed to domestic violence. The service is available 24 hours a day and covers the entire territory of Armenia. The hotline aims to: • Discover cases of domestic violence • Provide free psychological and legal counseling to women and children who are victims of domestic violence • Refer victims to the shelter (if necessary) Women’s Support and Counseling Center (Crisis Center) In the Crisis Center, women who are victims of domestic violence, receive free and personal psychological and legal counseling. If deemed necessary, the women can also be directed to a shelter. For women and their children, psychological group work is also organized.
γݳÝó ¨ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ³ç³ÏóÙ³Ý ËÙµ»ñ Support groups for women and children ´éÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ³ç³ÏóÙ³Ý ËáõÙµÁ Ýå³ï³Ï
The support group, devoted to women and chil-
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áõÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ËÙµ»É ϳݳÝó, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ` ³ÝóϳóÝ»Éáõ ËÙµ³ÛÇÝ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ûñ³ådzÛÇ å³ñ³åáõÝùÝ»ñ` ÏÇñ³é»Éáí ³ñïûñ³ådzÛÇ ¨ ¹ñ³Ù³Ã»ñ³ådzÛÇ ï³ññ»ñ:
dren subjected to domestic violence, intends to unite women and their children to conduct group psychotherapy through the use of art and drama therapy.
´³óûÃÛ³ å³ñ³ÛÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõÙ Áݹ¹»Ù ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ºñ¨³Ý, 2011Ã. Open-air dance perfomance against domestic violence, Yerevan, 2011
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²å³ëï³ñ³Ý
Shelter
г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ·áñÍáÕ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÝáñÙ»ñÇÝ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ë˳ÝáÕ ÙÇ³Ï ³å³ëï³ñ³ÝÝ ¿ ¨ ųٳݳϳíáñ ϳó³ñ³ÝÁ, áñÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ ˽»É µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÷³Ï ßñç³ÝÁ, û·Ý»É ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ ¹³éÝ³É ³ÝϳË, ÇÝùݳíëï³Ñ ¨ áõÝ»Ý³É ³å³Ñáí áõ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ½»ñÍ ³åñ»É³Ï»ñå: ²å³ëï³ñ³ÝáõÙ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÛù ¨ Ýñ³Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÝ ³å³ÑáííáõÙ »Ý ³Ýí׳ñ ûè³Ýáí ¨ ëÝݹáí, Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ¨ Çñ³í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛ³Ùµ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ¨ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ²ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»åùáõÙ ÎÆÎ-Ç Çñ³í³µ³ÝÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ »Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³Í ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ ûñÇÝ³Ï³Ý ß³Ñ»ñÁ ¹³ï³Ï³Ý ¨ ³ÛÉ ³ïÛ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ:
This is the only shelter in Armenia compliant with international standards aiming to break closed circle of violence by helping women and children, victims of domestic violence, become independent, confident, and lead a healthy and violent-free lifestyle. In the shelter, the women and their children are provided with free meals, a place to live, psychological and legal counseling as well as social and medical assistance. If necessary, there are WRC lawyers available who represent women’s rights and their lawful interest in court and elsewhere. Drafting law on domestic violence in the Republic of Armenia The WRC initiated the development of the draft
§ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÍÇ Ùß³ÏáõÙ
Ù³ëÇݦ
ÐÐ
ÎÆÎ-Á Ùß³Ï»É ¨ 2009Ã. Ù³ÛÇëÇ 20-ÇÝ ÐÐ ²ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ Ý»ñϳ۳óñ»É §ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÐÐ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ ßñç³Ý³éáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: §ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÐÐ ûñ»ÝùÁ áõëáõÙݳëÇñí»É ¨ ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¿ »ÝóñÏí»É ÇÝãå»ë ÎÆÎ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó Ññ³íÇñí³Í ØÇç·»ñ³ï»ëã³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇ, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÷áñÓ³·»ïÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ØÇç·»ñ³ï»ëã³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÝ ¿ÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ÝáõÙ ³ÛÝ ·»ñ³ï»ëãáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ, áíù»ñ ³éÝãíáõÙ »Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙݳËݹñÇ Ñ»ï:
law on “Domestic Violence” and on May 20 of 2009 presented it to the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs for further circulation. The law on domestic violence was studied and appropriate changes were made by both the Interagency Committee members (invited by WRC) and by the local and international experts. The members of the Interagency Committee are representatives of agencies who deal with the problems connected to domestic violence. Medical abortion program in Armenia The Women’s Rights Center supports implementing medical abortion as the safest and most secure means of interrupting an undesirable pregnancy. Nvard Margaryan
ÐÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Õáñ³Ûù³ÛÇÝ ÁݹѳïÙ³Ý Íñ³·ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ §Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ¦ ³ç³ÏóáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ³Ýó³ÝϳÉÇ ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Õáñ³Ûù³ÛÇÝ ÁݹѳïÙ³Ý Ù»Ãá¹Ç Ý»ñ¹ñÙ³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÇÝ` áñå»ë Ý»ñϳÛáõÙë ³Ù»Ý³³Ýíï³Ý· ¨ ³å³Ñáí ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ÁݹѳïÙ³Ý ÙÇçáó:
“
Üí³ñ¹ سñ·³ñÛ³Ý
§²Ù»Ý ÙÇ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝ ³í»ÉÇ áõ ³í»ÉÇ Ùé³ÛÉ ¨ í³ÝáÕ ¿, ù³Ý½Ç íϳÛáõÙ ¿ áã û áõÅÇ, ³ÛÉ ¹ñ³ µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ:
¾Ù»ñëáÝ
We have more and more gloomy and repellent violence, because that is not valid, but the lack of it.”
Emerson
ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ civil society
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§ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÐÐ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍ
RA Draft Law on "Domestic Violence"
гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñáõÙ ³éϳ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝãåÇëÇù »Ý Í»ÍÁ, ³Ñ³µ»ÏáõÙÁ, Ëáßï³Ý·áõÙÁ, ×ÝßáõÙÁ, Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÁ »Õ»É »Ý µáÉáñ ųٳݳÏÝ»ñáõÙ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ ÑÇÙݳËݹÇñ ¿ áã ÙdzÛÝ Ñ³Û Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç, ³ÛÉ µÝáñáß ¿ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ·ñ»Ã» µáÉáñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇÝ: ²ÛÉ Ñ³ñó ¿, û ÇÝãå»ë »Ý ¹ñë¨áñíáõÙ ³Û¹ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, ¨ ÇÝãå»ë ¿ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ å³Ûù³ñáõÙ ¹ñ³Ýó ¹»Ù: ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙݳËݹñÇ ßáõñç å»ï³Ï³Ý Ñá·³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý áõ Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý ³Ïï»ñÇ µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ áã ÙdzÛÝ ËáãÁݹáïáõÙ ¿ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³ÝÁ, ³ÛÉ Ý³¨ Ýå³ëï³íáñ ¹³ßï ëï»ÕÍáõÙ ÝÙ³Ý ¹»åù»ñÇ ûñ»óûñ
Different expressions of violence including, but not limited to beating, intimidation, torture, oppression and humiliation have existed in Armenian families throughout time. However, the phenomenon behind domestic violence is a reoccurring one, not only throughout Armenian societies, but in countries all around the world. This poses another question: how does violence express itself and what do societies do to fight against it. Public apprehension concerning domestic violence and the lack of legal rights not only hinders the prevention of domestic violence, but instead allows such behavior to occur again because no one is punished by law. In Armenia, there is no law regarding domestic violence which will prevent and solve the prob-
³í»É³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: Ü»ñϳÛáõÙë ÐÐ-áõÙ ãϳ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É áñ¨¿ ûñ»Ýù, áñÁ ÏÝå³ëïÇ ËݹñÇ Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³ÝÁ ¨ ÉáõÍÙ³ÝÁ: âÏ³Ý í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïí³Í Ù³ëݳ·»ïÝ»ñ, áëïÇϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ ϳ٠¹³ï³íáñÝ»ñ, áíù»ñ å»ïù ¿ ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ݳµ³ñ ³ñÓ³·³Ýù»Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»åù»ñÇÝ: Ð³×³Ë Ýñ³Ýù ϳñÍáõÙ »Ý, áñ ϳݳÛù Çñ»Ýù »Ý Ññ³ÑñáõÙ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ØǨÝáõÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ãÏ³Ý Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ëË³Ý Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ٻ˳ÝǽÙÝ»ñ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝóñÏí³ÍÝ»ñÇÝ å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ ¨ Ù»Õ³íáñÝ»ñÇÝ å³ïÅ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ¸³ï³ñ³Ý ¹ÇÙáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó Ù»Í Ù³ëÁ »ñµ»ÙÝ ëïÇåí³Í ¿ ÉÇÝáõÙ »ñϳñ ëå³ë»É ÙÇÝã Çñ»Ýó ѳÛóÇ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÁ: Þ³ï ¹³ï³íáñÝ»ñ ɳí Çñ³½»Ïí³Í ã»Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ¨ Ñ³×³Ë ã»Ý ï³ñµ»ñáõÙ ³ÛÝ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÛÉ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÇó: ²Û¹ ÇëÏ å³ï׳éáí, §Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ 2007 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó ݳ˳ӻéÝ»É ¿ §ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÐÐ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ùß³ÏáõÙÁ: úñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ í»ñ³Ý³Ûí»É ¨ í»ñ³Ùß³Ïí»É ¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ¨ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ÷áñÓ³·»ïÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó, ÇëÏ ³ñ¹»Ý 2009 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ ³ÙëÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óí»É ÐÐ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝ` ѻﳷ³ ßñç³Ý³éáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: úñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ 2010 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ÝáÛ»Ùµ»ñÇ 12-ÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óí»É ¿ ÐРϳé³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝ ùÝݳñÏ³Ù³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: úñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·Íáí ϳñ·³íáñíáõÙ »Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ϳåí³Í ѳñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, ë³ÑÙ³ÝíáõÙ »Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ëϳóáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ýñ³ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ, ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ, ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý µÝ³·³í³éáõÙ Édz½áñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñÙÇÝÝ»ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÁ ¨ ³Û¹ Ù³ñÙÇÝÝ»ñÇ ýÇݳÝë³íáñÙ³Ý ³ÕµÛáõñÝ»ñÁ, ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ϳÝ˳ñ·»É»Éáõ ѳïáõÏ ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ ݳ˳ï»ëí³Í
lem. Furthermore, no trained specialists, police officers or judges who have to properly address existing domestic violence cases. This is partly due to their biased belief that women have provoked the violence themselves. Similarly, no legal mechanisms have been established to protect the individuals affected by domestic violence and to punish guilty ones. The majority of women bringing their case to the Court have to wait too long, before they can proceed with their case. Nevertheless, judges lack the understanding on domestic violence and quite often do not differentiate it from other forms of violence. All of the aforementioned reasons encouraged the “Women’s Rights Center” NGO to initiate the development of law on “Domestic Violence” in 2007. The draft of the law was reviewed and processed by international and local experts and presented to the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs for further circulation in September of 2009. On November 12, 2010, the draft law was submitted to the Government for further deliberation. The draft law regulates the relations connected to domestic violence, defines domestic violence, its types, the parties involved, the circle of agencies which have authority to prevent domestic violence as well potential funding sources for those agencies, relative means for special preventative measures to avert domestic violence and their adoption. The draft law grants the police the authority to identify and prevent domestic violence cases and ensure urgent and effective protection of the victims. This draft will also aid in the establishment of a structured system, providing social assistance to the victims and would subsequently be governed by the state’s authorized body. Hence, the draft law prioritizes violence prevention, rather than implementation of the punishment. The law will contribute to the decrease of evoked criminal cases concerning domestic violence.
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ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÁ ¨ ¹ñ³Ýó ÁݹáõÝáõÙÁ: úñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·Íáí ÐÐ áëïÇϳÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³å³ÑíáõÙ ¿ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ý³Ë³Ýß³ÝÝ»ñÇ µ³ó³Ñ³ÛïÙ³Ý ¨ ¹ñ³Ýó ϳÝ˳ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý Édz½áñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áñáí ϳå³ÑáííÇ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï¨³Ýùáí ïáõÅ³Í ³ÝÓÇ ³ÝÑ»ï³Ó·»ÉÇ ¨ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ²Ûë ݳ˳·ÇÍÁ Ýå³ëï»Éáõ ¿ ïáõÅáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ù³ïã»ÉÇ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ýáݳϳñ·í³Í ѳٳϳñ·Ç ëï»ÕÍÙ³ÝÁ, áñÁ Ïջϳí³ñíÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý Édz½áñ Ù³ñÙÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ²ÛëÇÝùÝ` ݳ˳·ÇÍÝ ³é³í»É ³é³çݳÛÇÝ ï»Õ ¿ ï³ÉÇë µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³ÝÁ, ù³Ý å³ïÅÇ ÏÇñ³éÙ³ÝÁ: úñ»ÝùÁ ÏÝå³ëïÇ Ý³¨ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³éÝãáõÃÛ³Ùµ ѳñáõóíáÕ ùñ»³Ï³Ý ·áñÍ»ñÇ ù³Ý³ÏÇ Ýí³½»óÙ³ÝÁ: ²ÛÅÙ ÙÇç·»ñ³ï»ëã³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÁ å³ñµ»ñ³µ³ñ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáõÙ ¿ ѳݹÇåáõÙ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÍÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É, áñÁ ßáõïáí å»ïù ¿ Áݹ·ñÏíÇ ²Ä ûñ³Ï³ñ·áõÙ: гÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ Áݹ·ñÏí³Í »Ý ݳ˳ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý, áëïÇϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ÐÎ ë»ÏïáñÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ: ì»ñçÇÝ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÁ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³í ë.Ã. ÷»ïñí³ñÇ 17ÇÝ, áñÁ ûñ»ÝùÇ ÏÇñ³éÙ³Ý Ù»Ë³ÝǽÙÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ¿ñ: ²ñ¹»Ý 2010 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ ÐРϳé³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ù³ÛÉ»ñ ¿ Ó»éݳñÏ»É µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý` ѳïϳå»ë ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: Ð³Ù³Ó³Û³Ý ÐÐ í³ñã³å»ïÇ 2010Ã-Ç Ù³ñïÇ 30-Ç N 213-² áñáßÙ³Ý` г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ëï»ÕÍí»É ¿ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñÇ ÙÇç·»ñ³ï»ëã³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáí, áñÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³ÝÝ áõÕÕí³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÙ³Ý ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ïáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óáõÙÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ §Àݹ¹»Ù ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ µéÝáõÃ۳ݦ ³½·³ÛÇÝ Íñ³·ñÇ Ùß³ÏáõÙÁ: ØÇç·»ñ³ï»ëã³Ï³Ý ѳÝÓݳÅáÕáíÇ ëï»ÕÍáõÙÁ ¹³ñÓ³í
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Currently, the interagency committee organizes regular meetings and discussions on the draft law on “Domestic Violence”, which soon will be included in the agenda of the National Assembly. The Committee consists of representatives from ministries, police as well as the NGO sector. The last formal discussion was held on February 17, 2012 and primarily concerned the topic of the mechanisms for the practice of the law. Already in 2010, the Government took measures to combat violence, more specifically concerning domestic violence. According to the Prime Minister’s decision ( number 213-A) held on March 30, 2010, an interagency committee against gender-based violence was created in Armenia, the goal of which is to increase the effectiveness of preventative measures regarding gender-based violence as well as to develop national program “Against Gender Based Violence”. The creation of the Interagency Committee is a step symbolizing political will, which has shown RA Government’s readiness to take clear measures against gender based violence in the Republic of Armenia. The draft law and its amendments and supplements will be submitted to the government for approval and finally to the National Assembly. It is also appropriate to note that the draft law concerning domestic violence in Armenia should be in compliance with the convention adopted by the Council of Europe concerning
ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ϳÙùÇ ¹ñë»íáñÙ³Ý ù³ÛÉ, ÇÝãÁ óáõÛó ïí»ó ÐРϳé³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ý` г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ µéÝáõÃÛ³ÝÝ áõÕÕí³Í ÑÁëï³Ï ù³ÛÉ»ñÇ Ó»éݳñÏÙ³Ý å³ïñ³ëï³Ï³ÙáõÃÛáõÝÁ: úñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí ¨ Éñ³óáõÙÝ»ñáí ÏÝ»ñϳ۳óíÇ ÐРϳé³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝ` ѳí³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñųݳݳÉáõ ¨ ³ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ ³ñ¹»Ý ²Ä: Æ ¹»å, Ýß»Ýù, áñ §ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÐÐ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ å»ïù ¿ ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ݻóíÇ ºíñáå³ÛÇ ÊáñÑÁñ¹Ç ÏáÕÙÇó ÁݹáõÝí³Í ¨ ÐÐ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó ¹»é ãí³í»ñ³óí³Í ÏáÝí»ÝódzÛÇÝ, áñÁ í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ ¿ γݳÝó Ýϳïٳٵ µéÝáõÃÛ³ÝÝ ¨ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ³ÏïÇÝ: γݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ³ÝÙÇç³Ï³Ý Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ Ùß³Ïí³Í §ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ ²Ä ÏáÕÙÇó ÁݹáõÝí»Éáõó Ñ»ïá ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï ³½¹»óáõÃÛáõÝ Ïáõݻݳ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï³ÝËÙ³Ý ¨ ¹ñ³Ýó ³Ýó³ÝϳÉÇ Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ù»Ë³ÝǽÙÇ ³éϳÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ Ïï³ ³ÙáõëÇÝÝ»ñÇÝ ¹ÇÙ»Éáõ áã û ³ÙáõëݳÉáõÍáõÃÛ³Ý, ³ÛÉ ³í»ÉÇ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ, áñáÝù ݳ˳ï»ëíáõÙ »Ý Ýßí³Í ûñ»Ýùáí: î³ñ³Í³ßñç³ÝáõÙ ìñ³ëï³ÝÁ, ²¹ñµ»ç³ÝÁ, ÂáõñùÇ³Ý ÁݹáõÝ»É »Ý ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ëË³Ý ûñ»Ýù: Ø»ñ »ñÏñáõ٠ݳ˳·ÇÍÝ ³ñ¹»Ý ùÝݳñÏÙ³Ý ÷áõÉáõÙ ¿, ¨ ÑáõÛë áõÝ»Ýù, áñ ³Ûë ï³ñÇ ³ñ¹»Ý ÏÙïÝÇ ²Ä ¨ ÏÁݹáõÝíÇ: Üí³ñ¹ سñ·³ñÛ³Ý
the international act on violence against women as well as domestic violence, which Armenia has not ratified yet. If the draft law on domestic violence, which was designed with the actual help of the members from the Women’s Rights Center, is accepted by the National Assembly, it will have an immense impact on the prevention of domestic violence and elimination of negative consequences of it, as well as the existence of main mechanism will give an opportunity to the parties not to divorce but to take more effective measures which are provided by this law. Neighboring countries of Armenia, such as Georgia, Azerbaijan and Turkey adopted a similar law concerning domestic violence. In Armenia, the law is under discussion with hope that it will enter the National Assembly and be successfully adopted by the end of this year. Nvard Margaryan
·»Ý¹»ñ gender
ØáõïùÇó ³ÛÝ ÏáÕÙ ëå³ë»ÉÇë. ÇÝãáõ± ïճݻñÁ ã»Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý É»½í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý Waiting outside: Why don’t boys apply to Yerevan State Linguistic University named after V. Brusov?
ܳ˳µ³Ý
Introduction
ì. ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý É»½í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÁ (ºäÈÐ) ѳ۳ëï³ÝÛ³Ý ÙÛáõë ´àôÐ-»ñÇó ³é³ÝÓݳóÝáÕ ³Ù»Ý³ó³ÛïáõÝ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ ûñ¨ë ³ñ³Ï³Ý ¨ Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÃíÇ ÙÇç¨ »Õ³Í ͳÛñ³Ñ»Õ ³Ýѳí³ë³ñ³ÏßéáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿: 2011 Ã. Ù³ÛÇë ³Ùëí³ ïíÛ³ÉÝ»ñáí ³Ûëï»Õ ëáíáñáÕ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 4000 áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇó ÙdzÛÝ 4.2%-Ý ¿ñ (ÁݹѳÝáõñ 168 Ñá·Ç) ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ, ÇÝãÁ, µÝ³Ï³Ý³µ³ñ, ëïÇåáõÙ ¿ ËáñÑ»É ³Ûë ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï׳éÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ²ñ¹ DZÝãÝ ¿ ïճݻñÇÝ Ñ»ï å³ÑáõÙ ºäÈÐ ¹ÇÙ»Éáõó: лﳽáïáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ËáëáõÙ »Ý Ñ»ï¨Û³É »½ñ³Ñ³Ý·áõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ:
One of the most vivid differences between Yerevan State Linguistic University (YSLU) (named after V. Brusov) and other universities is the extreme imbalance between the numbers of male and female students. According to May of 2011 data, only 4.2% of the 4000 students (168 in total) studying were males. This of course makes one think about the causes responsible for creating such a big difference. What keeps boys from applying to YSLU? The results of the research conducted provide some interesting conclusions.
Øß³ÏáõÛÃÝ Áݹ¹»Ù Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÝ Çñ Ùß³ÏáõÛÃáí å³ïϳÝáõÙ ¿ Ù³ëÏáõÉÇÝ Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÝ»ñÇ ß³ñùÇÝ, áñï»Õ, Áëï Ñáɳݹ³óÇ Ù³ñ¹³µ³Ý ¶Çñï ÐáýëÃǹÇ, ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ¨ Ï³Ý³Ýó ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ¨ ¿ÙáóÇáÝ³É ¹»ñ»ñÇ Ñëï³Ï ï³ñ³Ýç³ïáõÙ, ¨ »Ýó¹ñíáõÙ ¿, áñ ³Û¹åÇëÇ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ §ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ å»ïù
¿ ÉÇÝ»Ý Ñ³Ù³é, ϳñÍñ ¨ Ï»Ýïñáݳó³Í ÝÛáõÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ íñ³, ÙÇÝã¹»é ϳݳÛù` ÉÇÝ»Ý Ñ³Ù»ëï, Ýáõñµ ¨ Ùï³Ñá·í³Í ÏÛ³ÝùÇ áñ³ÏÇ Ñ³ñó»ñáí¦:
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лﳽáïáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñáí µ³ó³Ñ³Ûïí»ó ³ÛÝ ÷³ëïÁ, áñ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ»ñáõÙ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³ÏÝѳÛï ï³ñ³Ýç³ïáõÙ Áëï ë»é»ñÇ. ³ÛëÇÝùÝ, Ï³Ý Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ,
Culture vs. Profession Armenian culture belongs to a range of masculine cultures, where, according to Dutch anthropologist, Geert Hofstede, there lies a clear allocation between the social and emotional roles of men and women. It is assumed that in these types of “masculine” societies, “men should be
persistent, solid and concentrated on material success, while women should be modest, gentle and concerned about issues deliberating the quality of life”. Upon analyzing the results of the research, it’s evident that people’s perception of gender is clearly accepted, and there is a clear distinction between what’s considered appropriate for men and what’s considered appropriate for women, as far as profession is concerned. The most fitting professions for boys include architecture, programming, medicine and political science. Professions seen and considered
áñáÝù ë³½áõÙ »Ý ïճݻñÇÝ, ¨ Ï³Ý Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ë³½áõÙ »Ý ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ: îճݻñÇÝ ³é³í»É ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ÝáÕ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý ׳ñï³ñ³å»ïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Íñ³·ñ³íáñáõÙÁ, µÅßÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ù³Õ³ù³·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ÇëÏ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ ³é³í»É ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ÝáõÙ »Ý Ù³Ýϳí³ñÅáõÃÛáõÝÁ, óñ·Ù³ÝãáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ñá·»µ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ É»½í³µ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ²ÝÇñ³½»ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ·áñÍáÝÁ ºäÈÐ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó ³é³ç³ñÏíáÕ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ³ÝÇñ³½»ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ë ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ ¹ÇÙáñ¹Ý»ñÇÝ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ Ñ»ï å³Ñ»É ºäÈÐ ¹ÇÙ»Éáõó: úñÇݳÏ` ѳñóíáÕÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó ù³Õ³ù³·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ ³é³ñÏ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ ïճݻñÇÝ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ë˳ÝáÕ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÝáõÛÝ Ñ³ñóíáÕÝ»ñÇ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ó³Íñ ïáÏáëÝ ¿ ï»ÕÛ³Ï, áñ ÝÙ³Ý Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ Ó»éù µ»ñ»É ³Ûë ´àôÐ-áõÙ: ´³ó³ë³Ï³Ý ϳñÍñ³ïÇå»ñ
§ºñ»ëáõÝ»ñÏáõ ³ÕçÇÏ ¨ »ñ»ù ïÕ³ ÁݹáõÝíáõÙ »Ý ´ñÛáõëáí, ãáñë ï³ñÇ Ñ»ïá ³í³ñïáõÙ »Ý »ñ»ëáõÝÑÇÝ· ³ÕçÇϦ: ²Ûë ³Ý»Ï¹áïÇ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ÇÙ³ëïÁ í»ñ³µ»ñáõÙ ¿ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó ºäÈÐ-áõÙ ëáíáñáÕ ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ í»ñ³·ÁñíáÕ ý»ÙÇÝÇÝ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÇÝ, áñáÝù Áëï ³Û¹ ÝáõÛÝ ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ»ñÇ, Ó»éù »Ý µ»ñíáõÙ Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕùÇÝ »ñϳñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ áõë³Ý»Éáõ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ: Àݹ áñáõÙ, ѳñó³ñ³ÝáõÙ Éñ³óí³Í ë»÷³Ï³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝ»ñÝ ³Ùñ³åݹáõÙ »Ý Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ³Ýѳٳå³ï³ë˳ݻÉÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ã»½Á (§´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³é³ç³ñÏ³Í Ù³ëݳ·Çïáõ-
ÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ϳݳóÇ »Ý¦, §îճݻñÇÝ ¹áõñ ãÇ ·³ÉÇë É»½í³µ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦, §´ñÛáõëáíáõÙ ïճݻñÇÝ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ëË³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ï ãϳ¦, §îճݻñÁ É»½íÇó ɳí ã»Ý¦, §¸³ ïճݻñÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý 㿦, §îճݻñÁ
appropriate for girls include pedagogy, translating, psychology and linguistics. The factor behind unawareness The unawareness regarding the professions offered by YSLU can also keep male applicants from applying to YSLU. For instance, according to the majority of respondents, the field of political science is considered suitable for boys, but a low percentage of the same respondents were aware that this field of study is also offered at the University. Negative stereotypes
“Thirty two girls and three boys enter Brusov, four years later thirty five girls’ graduate.” The main meaning behind this joke refers to the feminine characteristics attributed to the boys by the society, which according to the same perception is the influence the boys are subjected while studying with female students at YSLU. In addition, the respondents’ opinions stated in the questionnaire confirm the thesis of cultural non-conformity. For example, “the professions
offered at Brusov are feminine”, “Boys don’t like linguistics”, “There is no fitting profession for boys in Brusov”, “Boys are not good in languages”, “It is not a University for boys”, “Boys don’t like language”. The existence of negative stereotypes also influence people’s perceptions: “In Brusov, girly boys study”, “there are many sissies”, “the number of boys is few and they can’t stand the girls’ pressure”, “there are many light-minded girls and boys are afraid of turning into them”. To confirm and clarify the nature of possible stereotypes regarding the male students of YSLU, pictures of four young students were shown to the respondents (see picture 1), one of which (version 2) was intentionally placed with feminine features (hairstyle, clothing, attitude). The
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É»½áõÝ»ñ ã»Ý ëÇñáõÙ¦), ϳ٠µ³ó³ë³Ï³Ý ϳñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÇ ·áÛáõÃÛ³Ý ÷³ëïÁ (§´ñÛáõëáíáõÙ ùáõñ-ïճݻñ »Ý ëáíáñáõÙ¦, §Ô½ÇÏÝ»ñÁ ß³ï »Ý¦, §îճݻñÇ ù³Ý³ÏÁ ùÇã ¿ ¨ ã»Ý ¹ÇÙ³ÝáõÙ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇ ×ÝßÙ³ÝÁ¦, §Þ³ï »Ý ûèëáÉÇÏ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÁ, ¨ ïճݻñÁ í³Ë»ÝáõÙ »Ý Ýñ³Ýó ÝÙ³Ý ¹³éݳɦ): ºäÈÐ-áõÙ ëáíáñáÕ ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É Ñݳñ³íáñ ϳñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÇ µÝáõÛÃÁ ѳëï³ï»Éáõ ¨ ³í»ÉÇ Ñëï³Ï»óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ѳñóíáÕÝ»ñÇÝ ³é³ç³ñÏí»ó ݳ¨ ãáñë »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ áõë³ÝáÕÇ Ýϳñ (ï»ë Ýϳñ 1), áñáÝóÇó Ù»ÏÁ (ï³ñµ»ñ³Ï 2) ¹Çï³íáñÛ³É å³ïÏ»ñí³Í ¿ñ Áݹ·Íí³Í ý»ÙÇÝÇÝ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñáí (ë³Ýñí³Íù, ѳ·áõëï, Ï»óí³Íù): ²ÛÝ Ñ³ñóÇÝ, û á±ñ å³ïÏ»ñÝ ¿ ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ÝáõÙ ´ñÛáõëáíáõÙ ëáíáñáÕ áõë³ÝáÕÇ å³ïÏ»ñÇÝ, ѳñóíáÕÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÁÝïñ»ó Ñ»Ýó ý»ÙÇÝÇÝ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñáí áõë³ÝáÕÇÝ: гñó³ß³ñÇ Ù»ç Ý»ñ³éí»É ¿ñ ݳ¨ Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ ãáñë áõë³ÝáÕÇ Ýϳñ (ï»ë Ýϳñ 2), áñáÝóÇó Ù»ÏÁ (ï³ñµ»ñ³Ï 4) ¹Çï³íáñÛ³É å³ïÏ»ñí»É ¿ñ §ÍÇï¦ Ñ³ëϳóáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÇ Áݹ·ÍáõÙáí (áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ßñç³ÝáõÙ ï³ñ³Íí³Í ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ, §ÍÇïÁ¦ ³ÛÝ áõë³ÝáÕáõÑÇÝ ¿, áñÇÝ ã»Ý Ñ»ï³ùñùáõÙ ¹³ë»ñÁ, áñÇ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ÇÙ³ëïÁ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïÇã ï»ëù áõݻݳÉÝ ¿ ¨ §ïÕ³ ÏåóÝ»ÉÁ¦): Üß»Ýù, áñ ³Ûë ѳñóÁ ÑÇÙÝí³Í ¿ñ í»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ Ù»Í ï³ñ³ÍáõÙ ·ï³Í Ñ»ï¨Û³É ³Ý»Ï¹áïÇ íñ³. §´ñÛáõëáíÇ ÇÝëïÇïáõï Ãéãݳ·ñÇå ¿ ÁÝÏÝáõÙ, µáÉáñ Íï»ñÁ ë³ïÏáõÙ »Ý¦: ²Ûë ѳñóÇÝ å³ï³ëË³Ý³Í Ñ³ñóíáÕÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÁÝïñ»É ¿ 4-ñ¹ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÁ, ÇÝãÁ íϳÛáõÙ ¿ ϳñÍñ³ïÇåÇ ï³ñ³Íí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ:
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question asked: Of the images provided, which is more compatible to the image of a Brusov student? The majority of the respondents chose the student with the feminine features. Picture 1: In your opinion, which of these pictures is more compatible to the image of student from University (named after V. Brusov)? Choose no more than one answer. (1, 2, 3, 4, 5.don’t know)
Ýϳñ 1 picture 1
Pictures of four female students are also included in the questionnaire, one of which (version 4) depict features of what is typically known as a “chick”. According to the students, a “chick” is a student who is not interested in her studies and whose mission in life is to look attractive and pick up on guys. It’s also appropriate to mention that this question is based on the well-known joke: “Avian flu was spread in the Institute of Brusov, and all the chicks died”. Most of the respondents chose answer 4 as their answer, which proves the popularity of these stereotypes. Picture 2: In your opinion, which of these pictures is more compatible to the image of student from University (named after V. Brusov)? Choose no more than one answer. (1, 2, 3, 4, 5.don’t know)
²Ù÷á÷áõÙ Ø»Ýù ÷áñÓ»óÇÝù óáõÛó ï³É, áñ ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý ºäÈÐ-áõÙ ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÷áùñ ÃÇíÁ ϳñáÕ ¿ å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ÉÇÝ»É ³éÝí³½Ý »ñ»ù ·áñÍáÝÝ»ñáí: ܳË, ѳñóÙ³Ý ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÇó å³ñ½ ¹³ñÓ³í, áñ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ»ñáõÙ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñëï³Ï ï³ñ³Ýç³ïáõÙ Áëï ë»é»ñÇ, ¨ ºäÈÐ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó ³é³ç³ñÏíáÕ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ÝáõÙ Ù³ëÏáõÉÇÝ Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ݳ˳ï»ëí³Í ѳïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÇÝ: ºñÏñáñ¹, ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÝÇñ³½»ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ´àôÐ-áõÙ áõëáõó³ÝíáÕ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ¨ë ϳñáÕ ¿ Ýå³ëï»É ´àôÐ-áõÙ ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ ¹ÇÙáñ¹Ý»ñÇ ë³Ï³íáõÃÛ³Ý ÷³ëïÇÝ: ê³ Ñ³ïϳå»ë ³ÏÝѳÛï ¿ñ ù³Õ³ù³·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ûñÇݳÏáí: ºí, í»ñç³å»ë, ºäÈÐ-áõÙ ëáíáñáÕ ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ Ýϳïٳٵ ÏÇñ³éíáÕ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÝ »Ý` ý»ÙÇÝÇÝ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÇ ß»ßï³¹ñٳٵ, áñ ϳñáÕ »Ý Ñ»ï å³Ñ»É ïճݻñÇÝ` (ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ Ýñ³Ýó ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ) Ñû·áõï ºäÈÐ-Ç áñáßáõ٠ϳ۳óÝ»Éáõó: ´³óÇ ³Û¹, ѳñóÙ³Ý ÙÇçáóáí å³ñ½ ¹³ñÓ³í, áñ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ å³Ñå³Ýí»É »Ý ´ñÛáõëáíÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ ëáíáñáÕ Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É µ³ó³ë³Ï³Ý ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ»ñÁ: Ðá¹í³ÍÁ å³ïñ³ëïí»É ¿ ´ñÛáõëáíÇ ³Ýí³Ý ºäÈÐ-Ç ºñÏñ³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ÅÝÇ µ³Ï³É³íñdzïÇ ³é³çÇÝ ÏáõñëÇ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ (µñÇï³Ý³·»ïÝ»ñ ¨ ³Ù»ñÇϳ·»ïÝ»ñ) Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ:
Ýϳñ 2 picture 2
Summary We tried to show that small number of male students in YSLU can be conditioned by at least three factors. First, it became clear from the research results that in people’s eyes, there exists a fine distinction between what professions are considered to be suitable for males and what suitable for females. The professions offered by the University are not viewed as appropriate for the traits more closely linked to masculinity in Armenian culture. Secondly, unawareness about professions offered by the University can influence male student’s decision not to apply to the University. This is especially clear with the example of political science. Finally, the stereotypes highlighting and attaching feminine traits to the male students of YSLU can influence boys (and their parents) from choosing YSLU. The survey results also made it clear that the negative stereotypes regarding female students studying at Brusov University still exist in the society. The article is prepared with participation of the students of 1st course of the Geology department of YSLU named after Brusov (students of American and British studies). Tigran Matosyan
îÇ·ñ³Ý سÃáëÛ³Ý
17
·»Ý¹»ñ gender
Ð³Û Ï³Ý³Ûù ë»÷³Ï³Ý »Ï³ÙïÇ ³ñŨáñÙ³Ý ßáõñç. ëáóÇáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝ »ñ¨³ÝóÇÝ»ñÇ ßñç³ÝáõÙ Armenian women around valuing their own income: sociological research among people living in Yerevan ÀÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ ÏÝáç ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ÙÇç¨ ÷áËѳñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³é³Ýóù³ÛÇÝ ÏáÕÙ»ñÇó »Ý ¹ñ³Ù³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Û¹ ѳñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý, áñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ó»É »Ý ÏÝáç ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ÙÇç¨ ï³ñ³Ó³ÛÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ÏáÝýÉÇÏïÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ÙáõëݳÉáõÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ·É˳íáñ å³ï׳éÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ: ÜáõÛÝÇëÏ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ¨ ³Ù»ñÇÏÛ³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ, áñï»Õ ÏÇÝÁ ³í»ÉÇ Ù»Í ³½³ïáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¿ ûÅïí³Í ¨ ³í»ÉÇ í³Õ ¿ ëÏë»É í³ëï³Ï»É ë»÷³Ï³Ý ·áõÙ³ñÁ, ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÁ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙáõïÇÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñ ãÇ ¹Çï³ñÏí»É ³Ý·³Ù ³ÛÝ å³ñ³·³ÛáõÙ, »ñµ Ýñ³Ýù ½µ³Õ»óÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ÝáõÛÝ å³ßïáÝÝ áõ ϳï³ñáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ÙǨÝáõÛÝ ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ å³ñï³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ØÇÝ㨠20-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇ Ï»ë»ñÁ ³Ù»ñÇÏÛ³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ÏÝáç í³ëï³Ï³Í ·áõÙ³ñÁ ³Ýí³ÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ §ùáñáó³ÛÇÝ ¹ñ³Ù¦, ù³ÝÇ áñ ³ÛÝ û·ï³·áñÍíáõÙ ¿ñ ùáñáóÝ»ñ ¨ ÝÙ³Ý »ñÏñáñ¹³ÛÇÝ Ý߳ݳÏáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Çñ»ñ ·Ý»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí: г۳ëï³ÝÛ³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ¨ë, áñï»Õ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ý ¿ ѳݹÇë³ó»É ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ »Ï³ÙáõïÇ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ³å³ÑáíáÕ, ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÇÝ »ñÏñáñ¹³ÛÇÝ Ý߳ݳÏáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ïñí»É: γݳÛù, Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ãáõݻݳÉáí ³ß˳ï»É ¨ áõÝ»Ý³É ë»÷³Ï³Ý »Ï³Ùáõï, ϳ٠¿É í³ëï³Ï»Éáí ÷áùñ ·áõÙ³ñ, ëïÇåí³Í »Ý »Õ»É ·áõÙ³ñ Ëݹñ»É ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó: âÝ³Û³Í í»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ Ù»½ Ùáï ٻͳó»É ¿ ³ß˳ïáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÃÇíÁ, áíù»ñ ϳñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ³å³Ñáí»É ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µÛáõç»Ç ½·³ÉÇ
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Money has always been a pivotal aspect in man and woman relationships in a family. For many years, these relationships have caused disagreements, conflicts as well as divorces between men and women. Even in European and American societies, where women have more liberty and are more inclined to start work earlier, women’s income is still not equal to that of men’s even if they carry the same work title and perform the same work-related duties. During the mid-20th century, money earned by women was referred to as “pin money”, as it was used to purchase pins and other secondary items. In the Armenian society as well, where a man is considered to be the main contributor to the household income, a woman’s income has secondary importance and value. Women, not having the opportunity to work and have their own income, or earning little money, were left with no other choice than to ask their men for money. Although the number of employed women who are able to contribute a significant amount to the family income has increased recently, differentiations between men and women’s income still seem to exist. Women’s salary, regardless of the amount or the role in the household, is still not recognized as being as important as the man’s salary. Women’s salary is meant to be used for household and secondary items, and is considered to be an additional source of income.
Ù³ëÁ, ÏÝáç ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ ÙÇç¨ ³éϳ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏáõÙÁ å³Ñå³ÝíáõÙ ¿: ÎÝáç ³ß˳ï³í³ñÓÁ, ³ÝÏ³Ë Çñ ã³÷Çó ¨ ïݳÛÇÝ ïÝï»ëáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ áõÝ»ó³Í ¹»ñÇó, ÙǨÝáõÛÝ ¿, Çñ Ý߳ݳÏáõÃÛ³Ùµ ³í»ÉÇ ó³Íñ ¿, ù³Ý ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ í³ëï³Ï³Í ·áõÙ³ñÁ: ¸ñ³Ýù ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõ٠ͳËëíáõÙ »Ý ïݳÛÇÝ ïÝï»ëáõÃÛáõÝÁ í³ñ»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ »ñÏñá¹³ÛÇÝ Ý߳ݳÏáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ` ³Û¹åÇëáí ¹Çï³ñÏí»Éáí áñå»ë Éñ³óáõóÇ㠻ϳÙáõï: ÂíáõÙ ¿` ÝÙ³Ý Çñ³íÇ׳ÏáõÙ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ Ù»Õ³íáñ »Ý ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ, ß³ï ¹»åù»ñáõÙ, ã»Ý ÃáÕÝáõ٠ϳݳÝó ³ß˳ï»É: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ³Ûëï»Õ Ù»Í ¹»ñ »Ý ˳Õáõ٠ݳ¨ ϳݳÝó ¹ÇñùáñáßáõÙÝ»ñÁ ë»÷³Ï³Ý »Ï³ÙáõïÇ, ¨, ÁݹѳÝáõñ ³éٳٵ, ¹ñ³ÙÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É: ÆÝãå»ë óáõÛó ïí»ó 2011Ã. û·áëïáë ¨ ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ ³ÙÇëÝ»ñÇÝ »ñ¨³ÝóÇÝ»ñÇ ßñç³ÝáõÙ ¹ñ³ÙÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ¹ÇñùáñáßáõÙÝ»ñÇ µ³ó³Ñ³ÛïÙ³ÝÝ áõÕÕí³Í ëáóÇáÉá·Ç³Ï³Ý ѻﳽáïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, »ñ¨³Ý³µÝ³Ï ϳݳÛù ¨ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÝ Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ¨ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É áã ÙdzÝß³Ý³Ï ¹ÇñùáñáßáõÙÝ»ñ áõÝ»Ý: àõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ٠ϳñ»íáñí»É ¿ñ ݳ¨ ïݳÛÇÝ ïÝï»ëáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ¹ñ³ÙÇ û·ï³·áñÍÙ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ³é³ÝÓݳѳïÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñѳÝáõÙÁ: ²ÙáõëÝáõ ¨ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ßáõñç ѳñóíáÕÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ·ÁïÝáõÙ ¿, áñ ³ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙïÇó. (ï»ë` ³ÕÛáõë³Ï 1)
²ÕÛáõë³Ï 1. ÎÝáç ¨ ³ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ` Áëï »ñ¨³ÝóÇÝ»ñÇ: гïϳÝß³Ï³Ý ¿ ѳñóí³ÍÝ»ñÇ å³ï³ë˳ÝÝ»ñÇ áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÁ` Áëï ë»é³ÛÇÝ µ³ßËí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý. ѳñóí³Í Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ï»ëÁ ·ïÝáõÙ ¿, áñ
It seems that in this situation much of the guilt is placed on the men firstly, who quite often do not allow their wives to work. Nevertheless, women stances on their own income and, in general, on money play a crucial role. In August and September of 2011, a sociological research was conducted concerning the people living in Yerevan and their ideals toward money. The research revealed that females residing in the city don’t carry similar beliefs regarding the difference between a man’s and a woman’s income. Within the frames of the research it was also important to reveal main peculiarities of money usage in households. The majority of respondents think that man’s income should be higher than woman’s income in the framework of men’s and women’s incomes relations (see table 1):
Table 1: Comparisons between a husband and wife’s income in family according to people living in Yerevan. 1.Husband’s income should be higher than wife’s income 1.²ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙïÇó
51%
2.Husband’s and wife’s incomes should be equal 2.²ÙáõëÝáõ ¨ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÁ å»ïù ¿ ѳí³ë³ñ ÉÇÝ»Ý
41%
3.Wife’s income should be higher than husband’s income 3.ÎÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ³ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙïÇó
8% 19
·»Ý¹»ñ gender
³ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙïÇó: ÆëÏ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÙÇ ½·³ÉÇ Ù³ë` 57%, ѳٳñáõÙ ¿, áñ ³ÙáõëÝáõ ¨ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÁ å»ïù ¿ ѳí³ë³ñ ÉÇÝ»Ý: γݳÝó ÙdzÛÝ 5%-Ý ¿ ѳٳñáõÙ, áñ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙïÇó: γݳÝó ßñç³ÝáõÙ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ¨ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ¹ÇñùáñáßáõÙÝ»ñÁ ï³ñµ»ñíáõÙ »Ý Áëï ï³ñÇù³ÛÇÝ ËÙµ»ñÇ: ²Ûëå»ë, 18-35 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ϳݳÝó ½·³ÉÇ Ù³ëÁ` 73%, ·ïÝáõÙ ¿, áñ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙïÇó: 36-60 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ϳݳÝó ßñç³ÝáõÙ ÝÙ³Ý Ï³ñÍÇù áõÝÇ Ñ³ñóíáÕÝ»ñÇ 64%-Á: ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µÛáõç»áõÙ »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ µ³ßËáõÙÁ ï³ñµ»ñ Ï»ñå ¿ ÁÝϳÉíáõ٠ݳ¨ ϳËí³Í ϳݳÝó ³ÙáõëÝ³Ï³Ý Ï³ñ·³íÇ׳ÏÇó. ³Ûëå»ë` ã³Ùáõëݳó³Í ϳݳÛù ³í»ÉÇ Ñ³Ïí³Í »Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ¨ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý (67%), ÇëÏ ³Ùáõëݳó³ÍÝ»ñÁ ³é³í»É³å»ë ·»ñ³¹³ëáõÙ »Ý, áñå»ë½Ç ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙïÇó: лï³ùñùÇñ ¿ ³ÛÝ, û ÇÝãå»ë »Ý Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ ÑÇÙݳíáñáõÙ ³ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙïÇ ·»ñ³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙïÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å: ´»ñ»Ýù ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ Ù»çµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñ ѳñó³½ñáõÛóÝ»ñÇó.
§îÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ³ß˳ï³í³ñÓÁ ß³ï å»ïù ¿ ÉÇÝÇ, áñ Çñ»Ý ¿ßÇ å»ë ã½·³, µ³Ûó ¹» ÏÇÝÝ ¿É å»ïù ¿ ÝáñÙ³É í³ëï³ÏÇ, áñ íǽ ãûùÇ, ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõó ËݹñÇ...¦: - 23 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý, Ç·³Ï³Ý §îÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ å»ïù ¿ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ÉÇÝÇ ÏÝáç »Ï³ÙáõïÇó... »Ã» ÏÇÝÁ ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï ¿ í³ëï³ÏáõÙ, ݳ ϳñáÕ ¿ ÇßË»É: ²ë»Ù, áñ Ñ»Ýó ³Û¹å»ë ¿É ÉÇÝáõÙ ¿ ß³ï ¹»åù»ñáõÙ, Ñ³Û Ï³Ý³Ûù ³éÇÃÇ ¹»åùáõÙ É³í ¿É ÇßËáõÙ »Ý, ¹ñ³ ѳٳñ ¿É ÃáÕ ³ÙáõëÝáõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ ß³ï ÉÇÝÇ...¦: - 31 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý, Ç·³Ï³Ý
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It is also interesting to study the answers of the respondents based on gender differentiation: 50% of the women respondents claimed that the husband’s income should be higher than the wife’s income, while 57% of the men respondents think that a woman and a man’s income should be equal. Only 5% of the women in the survey believed that a woman’s income should be higher than the man’s. Women’s positions on men and women’s income varied by different age groups surveyed. The majority of women, between the ages of 18-35 years old (73%), believe that a man’s income should be higher than a woman’s income. 64% of women, between the ages of 36-60, also carried the same belief. However, marital status affects the perception women have toward income. 67% of the single women believe that a man and woman’s income should be equal in the family, compared to the married women, who prefer that the man’s income be higher than the woman’s. It is interesting to note the opinion females carry toward a man’s income to be higher than woman’s income. Here are some quotes from interviews:
23-year-old female: “…A man’s salary should be higher, not to make himself feel like a fool, but a woman should earn enough not to feel the need to beg a man for money” 31-year-old female: “A man’s income should be higher than a woman’s income. If a woman earns more, she is able to be more dominant in the relationship. I should also mention that in many cases, this situation is appropriate; the Armenian women do dominate if they get the chance. This is why I’d want the husband’s income to be higher…” As a result, women living in Yerevan don’t view their own income as means in defining
²ÛëåÇëáí, »ñ¨³ÝóÇ Ï³Ý³Ûù ë»÷³Ï³Ý »Ï³ÙáõïÁ ã»Ý ¹Çï³ñÏáõÙ áñå»ë ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ Çñ»Ýó ½µ³Õ»óñ³Í ëï³ïáõëÇ óáõó³ÝÇß: àñå»ë ÝÙ³Ý óáõó³ÝÇß ¿ ѳݹ»ë ·³ÉÇë ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ »Ï³ÙáõïÁ, áñÁ Ù³ïݳÝßáõÙ ¿ áã ÙdzÛÝ Çñ, ³Ûɨ ÏÝáç ½µ³Õ»óñ³Í ëï³ïáõëÁ: ÜáõÛÝÇëÏ »ñµ ÏÇÝÁ µ³í³Ï³Ý³ã³÷ ·áõÙ³ñ ¿ í³ëï³ÏáõÙ, ÙǨÝáõÛÝ ¿, ݳ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ÇÝùݳѳëï³ïíáõÙ ¿ ³ÙáõëÝáõ í³ëï³Ï³Í ·áõÙ³ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí: âÝ³Û³Í ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ ÏÝáç ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ ¹»ñ»ñÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ÏÝáç ¹»ñÇ µ³ñÓñ³óÙ³ÝÁ, ÙǨÝáõÛÝ ¿, ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ »Ý ³¹»óáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»Ý³É ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ ¹ñ³Ù³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ: ²Ûë µ³ó³Ñ³ÛïáõÙÁ, ÇѳñÏ», Ùï³Ñá·Çã ¿: ¶³ÕïÝÇù ã¿, áñ Ý»ñϳÛáõÙë Ù³ñ¹áõ ³ÝϳËáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñ ·ñ³í³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ ýÇݳÝë³Ï³Ý ³ÝϳËáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿, ¨ ß³ï ³½³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³Ûë ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ áõÕÕ³ÏÇáñ»Ý ϳåí³Í »Ý ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý ¹ñ³Ù³Ï³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ ³éϳÛáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ÏÇÝÝ ÇÝùÁ ãÇ Ó·ïáõÙ áõÝ»Ý³É Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ëË³Ý ¹ñ³ÙÁ ¨ ³Û¹åÇëáí ¹³éÝ³É ³í»ÉÇ ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝ ¨ ³ÝϳË: ê³, ÇѳñÏ», Ùï³Í»Éáõ ï»ÕÇù ¿ ï³ÉÇë: ØÇ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ, áñï»Õ ³Ûëûñ ³ÝÁݹѳï ËáëíáõÙ ¿ ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, ï³ñûñÇÝ³Ï ¿, áñ Çñ»Ýù` ϳݳÛù, µ³í³Ï³Ý³ã³÷ ã»Ý ·Çï³ÏóáõÙ ë»÷³Ï³Ý ¹ñ³Ù áõݻݳÉáõ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ϳ٠¿É, ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ ³ë»É, ã»Ý ϳñ¨áñáõÙ ³Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÁ: àõëïÇ, ϳݳÝó ³ÝϳËáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ٻͳóÝ»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ݳ˨³é³ç ³ÝѳñÅ»ßï ¿ ÷áË»É Ýñ³Ýó ¹ÇñùáñáßáõÙÝ»ñÁ ¨ ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ó·ïáõÙÁ, áñáÝù ¿É, Çñ»Ýó Ñ»ñÃÇÝ, ÑÇÙù ÏѳݹÇë³Ý³Ý ѳٳå³ï³ëË³Ý í³ñùÇ ¹ñë¨áñÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ:
their status in society. A man’s income, on the other hand, does establish his status in society to such a degree, that it even defines his wife’s status. Even if a woman earns enough money to provide for the family, she is defined by the man’s income. Regardless of the role changes men and women have been experiencing in modern day society, gender stereotypes have still influenced the beliefs held toward money in current society.
²Ý³ÑÇï гÏáµÛ³Ý
Anahit Hakobyan
This revelation is concerning. It’s no secret that one factor ensuring one’s personal independence is one’s financial status; the level of freedom one can obtain has a lot to do with the level of money one earns. However, women themselves aren’t too concerned with their own financial gain in ensuring their freedom and relying more on themselves than others. This, of course, is troublesome. In a society where it is permanently spoken about women’s rights protection, it is strange that women themselves do not have enough consciousness about the importance of having own money or we can say they do not care about it. Therefore, in order to increase independence and equality of women, first and foremost, we need to change their stance and aspirations for independence, which in their turn will serve as a basis for performing appropriate behavior.
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ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝ sexual health
ê»éáí å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙ Sex selective abortion
ÐÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ÁݹѳÝáõñ ³éٳٵ ÷áùñ Ù³ëÝ »Ý ϳ½ÙáõÙ ÑÕáõÃÛ³Ý ÁݹѳïÙ³Ý, Ñ³×³Ë ï»ÕÇ »Ý áõÝ»ÝáõÙ ³ÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï, »ñµ åïÕÇ Ùáï ÝϳïíáõÙ »Ý áñáß³ÏÇ ³Ýó³ÝϳÉÇ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñ: ÐÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÝ»ñÁ Ñ³×³Ë Ï³ï³ñíáõÙ »Ý ݳ¨ ³ÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï, »ñµ ÑÕÇáõÃÛáõÝÝ, ÇÝùÝÇÝ, å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ¿ ÉÇÝáõÙ Ù»ÏÇó ³í»É ³Ýó³ÝϳÉÇ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÝ»ñáí: ¸ñ³Ýù ϳñáÕ »Ý Ý»ñ³é»É ¹»åù»ñ, »ñµ • ãÍÝí³Í »ñ»Ë³Ý Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ ¿, ÇÝãÁ å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ¿ Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñ ·áñÍáÝÝ»ñáí, ÇëÏ ³í»ÉÇ ó³ÝϳÉÇÝ ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ »ñ»Ë³Ý ¿, • åïÕÇ Ùáï ³éϳ »Ý áñáß³ÏÇ ýǽÇÏ³Ï³Ý Ã»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, • åïáõÕÁ ãÇ ³ñŨáñíáõÙ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó áñ¨¿ ³ÛÉ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÝ»ñáõÙ, • ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝóóùáõÙ åïÕÇ Ùáï Ç Ñ³Ûï »Ý ·³ÉÇë áñáß³ÏÇ ·»Ý»ïÇÏ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñ, áñáÝù íï³Ý·áõÙ »Ý í»ñçÇÝÇë ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝÁ, • ëáódzɳϳÝ, Ï»Ýó³Õ³ÛÇÝ áã µ³í³ñ³ñ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñ • ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: äïÕÇ` ë»éáí å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáõÙ ¿ ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ ³ÛÝ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ, áñï»Õ Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ÝáñÙ»ñáí ϳ٠³í³Ý¹áõÛÃÝ»ñáí å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ¿ ÇÝã-áñ ë»éÇ »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ ó³ÝϳÉÇ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ѳݷ³Ù³ÝùÁ: ÜÙ³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ·»ñ³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï ïñíáõÙ ¿ ïճݻñÇÝ, ù³Ý ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ, áñÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ ¿É ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙ ¿ ß³ï Ñ³×³Ë Ï³ï³ñíáõÙ ³ÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï, »ñµ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï å³ñ½íáõÙ ¿, áñ åïáõÕÁ Ç·³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ ¿: ÜÙ³Ý å»ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »Ý ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ âÇݳëï³ÝÁ, Ðݹϳëï³ÝÁ, ä³ÏÇëï³ÝÁ, ³Ûí³ÝÁ, ¨ ÎáíϳëÛ³Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ: äïÕÇ ë»éáí å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í` ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ß³ï ÁݹѳïáõÙÝ»ñ »Ý ÉÇÝáõ٠ݳ¨ гñ³í³ÛÇÝ ÎáíϳëÇ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ` ²¹ñµ»ç³ÝáõÙ,
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Abortion, which comprise small portion of pregnancy interruptions, is often performed when an undesirable trait is observed in the fetus. Abortions are also often carried when pregnancy itself is conditioned by more than one undesirable circumstance. Undesirable traits may include: • The unborn child is female and due to cultural factors the male child is more desirable, • The fetus has certain physical defects, • The fetus is not appreciated by the parents in other circumstance, • During pregnancy, certain genetic features develop, threatening the health of the latter, • Social and household problems arise not deemed appropriate in raising a child under, • etc. Sex-selective abortions are carried out mainly in societies where the desired sex of the child is conditioned by cultural norms and traditions. In these types of societies, the importance is given to the boys more than girls, thus abortions are often carried when during a medical testing it becomes clear that the fetus is female. Countries where sex-selective abortions occur in high numbers include China, India, Pakistan, Taiwan, and the Caucasian countries. Many sex-selective abortions are also performed in South Caucasian countries such as Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia. According to the National Statistical Service (NSS) from 2008 to 2010, the abortion es-
г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ¨ ìñ³ëï³ÝáõÙ: гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ íÇ׳ϳ·ñ³Ï³Ý ͳé³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý (NSS) ïíÛ³ÉÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ` ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÝ»ñÇ ÃÇíÁ ï³ï³ÝíáõÙ ¿ 12-14 ѳ½³ñÇ 2008-2010ÃÃ. ÁÝÏ³Í Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³Ñ³ïí³ÍáõÙ: 2011-ÇÝ ÐÐ-áõÙ 43 ѽñ »ñ»Ë³ ¿ ÍÝí»É, áñáÝóÇó 23 ѽñ 160-Á ïÕ³ »Ý, ÙÇÝã¹»é ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÁ` 20 ѳ½³ñ 487: öáñÓ³·»ïÝ»ñÁ ½·áõß³ÝáõÙ »Ý, áñ ³Û¹åÇëÇ ïíÛ³ÉÝ»ñÇ ¹áõñëµ»ñáõÙÁ ϳñáÕ ¿ å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í ÉÇÝ»É ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý Áݹѳïٳٵ` å³Ûٳݳíáñí³Í åïÕÇ ë»éáí: ²í³Ý¹³µ³ñ ѳۻñÝ ³ÏÝϳÉáõÙ »Ý, áñ Çñ»Ýó ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñáõÙ ³é³çÇÝ »ñ»Ë³Ý ïÕ³ å»ïù ¿ ÉÇÝÇ. ¹³ ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ ¿ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹áõ áõÅÝ áõ ³éݳϳÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: гٳñíáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨, áñ ïÕ³Ý §ïáÑٳͳé¦-Ç ß³ñáõݳÏáÕÝ ¿, ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ å³ßïå³ÝÁ, áõ »Ã» ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ ³ÕçÇÏ ¿ ÍÝíáõÙ ³é³çÝ»ÏÁ, ³Û¹ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ ³ë»ë §³Ý·Éáõ˦ ¿ ÙÝáõÙ: Üáñ³ÍÇÝ »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ ë»éÁ »ñµ»ÙÝ í×éáñáß ¿ ¹³éÝáõÙ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ µ³ñ»Ï»óáõÃÛ³Ý, ³Ý¹áññÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ²Û¹ å³ï׳éáí Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ñ³×³Ë ¹ÇÙáõÙ »Ý ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïÙ³Ý` ë»éÇ íñ³ ÑÇÙÝí»Éáí, ÙÇÝã¹»é ³Û¹ »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ ³ñ·»Éí³Í ¿ ûñ»Ýùáí: Àëï ÐÐ Ù³ñ¹áõ í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ñá¹í³Í 10-Ç` ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÁ ÙÇÝ㨠12 ß³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý Å³ÙÏ»ïÁ ϳï³ñíáõÙ ¿ ÏÝáç ¹ÇÙáõÙÇ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ: ÐÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÑ»ëï³Ï³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÁ ÙÇÝ㨠22 ß³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý Å³ÙÏ»ïÁ ϳñáÕ ¿ ϳï³ñí»É ÙdzÛÝ µÅßϳëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý óáõóáõÙÝ»ñÇ ¹»åùáõÙ` ÏÝáç ѳٳӳÛÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ºñ»Ë³ÛÇ ë»éÁ Ñݳñ³íáñ ¿ áñáᯐ ÙdzÛÝ 12 ¨ ³í»ÉÇ ß³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»åùáõÙ, áõëïÇ ³Û¹ ųÙÏ»ïáõÙ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáÕ ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý ÁݹѳïáõÙÁ ³é³Ýó ѳïáõÏ µÅßϳëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý óáõóáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ÑÇÙÝí³Í »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ ë»éÇ íñ³, ãÇ ÃáõÛɳïñíáõÙ ûñ»Ýùáí, ³ÛÝÇÝã ÝÙ³Ý »ñ¨áõÛÃÝ»ñÁ ÙÇßï »Õ»É »Ý, Ï³Ý áõ ¹»é ÏÉÇÝ»Ý, ù³ÝÇ ¹»é ³Û¹ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ ãí»ñ³ÑëÏíÇ Ñ³íáõñ å³ïß³×Ç: Þ³ï Ñ³×³Ë Ï³Ý³Ûù ã»Ý ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ Áݹѳï»É ÑÕÇáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõÕÕ³ÏÇ ë»éÇ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÇ å³ï׳éáí: Üñ³Ýù ¹³éÝáõÙ »Ý ³í³Ý¹áõÛÃÇ ¨ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ½áÑ, »ñµ»ÙÝ` µéÝÇ Ñ³ñϳ¹ñ³ÝùÇ ×ÝßÙ³Ý ï³Ï, »ñµ»ÙÝ` Ù»ÕùÇ ½·³óÙ³Ý. 㿱 áñ ѳٳӳÛÝ É³ÛÝ ï³ñ³Íí³Í ³í³Ý¹³Ï³Ý ѳÙá½Ù³Ý` ϳݳÛù »Ý Ù»Õ³íáñ, áñ Çñ»Ýó ³ÙáõëÝáõÝ ïÕ³ »ñ»Ë³ ãϳñáÕ³ó³Ý å³ñ·¨»É: гÙá½áõÙ, áñÁ áã ³ÛÉ ÇÝã ¿, ù³Ý ¨ë Ù»Ï Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå: سñ¹ÇÏ »ñµ»ÙÝ Ùáé³ÝáõÙ »Ý, áñ »ñ»Ë³Ý å³ñ·¨ ¿` ³ÝÏ³Ë ë»éÇó` ïÕ³, û ³ÕçÇÏ: ¾ÉíÇñ³ Ø»ÉÇùë»ÃÛ³Ý
timates in Armenia ranged from 12,000 to 14,000. In 2011 in the Republic of Armenia, 43,000 children were born in which 23,160 were born male and only 20,487 were born female. Experts believe that such data can occur due to sex-selective abortions. Traditionally, Armenians expect their first child to be a boy. The first boy symbolizes the man’s strength and power. It’s also believed that the male child will pass along the family name and contribute to the family tree, serving as the family’s defender. If a female is born first in the family, it’s believed that the family is “headless”. Furthermore, the child’s sex sometimes plays a major role in the family’s well-being and peace. For these reasons, people often perform sex-selective abortions, even though sex-selective abortions are illegal in Armenia. According to the Article 10 of the law on human reproductive health and reproductive rights, the abortion can only be done by the women’s request until the 12th week of pregnancy. Abortion until the 22nd week can only be carried out if a medical-social intimations exist, and can only be performed with the mother’s consent. Since it is possible to determine the child’s sex after only the 12th or even more weeks of pregnancy, abortion, without specific medical-social intimations, based on fetus’s sex is not permitted by law. Unfortunately, regardless of this law, sex-selective abortions have always existed and will continue to exist until more appropriate actions are undertaken. Quite often women don’t want to get abortions because of sex related issues. They become victims of traditions and discrimination, sometimes under the pressure of violent force, sometimes under the pressure of the feeling of guilt: as according to the widespread traditional belief women are to blame if they are unable to grant the husband a male child. Belief, which is not more than another stereotype. In the midst of it all, people tend to forget that every child is a gift of life, regardless of the sex. Elvira Meliksetyan
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Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ human rights
Ø»Ýù ÉéáõÙ »Ýù, áñ Ù»½ Éë»Ý
We keep silent to be heard
1996 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ ²ØÜ-Ç ì»ñçÇÝdz ݳѳݷáõÙ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ³Ýóϳóí³Í ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñÁ ¹³ñÓ³í áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í ³Ù»Ý³½³Ý·í³Í³ÛÇÝ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÁ, áñÁ Ýå³ï³Ï áõÝ»ñ ³Ý¹ñ³¹³éÝ³É ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ³ÝѳݹáõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ÑÇÙÝ»É ³å³Ñáí ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áñï»Õ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÏÉÇÝ»Ý Ñ³ñ·í³Í ¨ ÁݹáõÝí³Í` ³ÝÏ³Ë Ýñ³Ýó ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÇó ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ ÇÝùÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó: Þ³ï»ñÝ »Ý Éë»É ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³ Ù³ëÇÝ, µ³Ûó áã µáÉáñÝ »Ý ѳëϳÝáõÙ, û ÇÝãáõ ³ÛÝ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ¨ ÇÝã ËáñÑáõñ¹ ¿ ÏñáõÙ: ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÁ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ³ÝѳݹáõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý, Ñ»ï³åݹáõÙÝ»ñÇ, Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ íñ³ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý áõß³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý ë¨»éáõÙÝ áõ ¹ñ³Ýù í»ñ³óÝ»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí ³ñ¹Ûáõݳí»ï å³ï³ëË³Ý ù³ÛÉ»ñÇ Ùß³ÏáõÙÝ ¿: ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÝ áõÕÕí³Í ¿ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý É³ÛÝ ½³Ý·í³ÍÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ Ïáãí³Í ¿ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó áõß³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ 먻é»Éáõ ȶ´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó Ýϳïٳٵ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙùáí Çñ³Ï³Ý³óí³Í ѳÝó³·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ÑáÙáýáµ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ íÇñ³íáñ³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ï³ñ³ÍÙ³Ý, í³Ë»óÝ»Éáõ, ͳÕñ»Éáõ, ýǽÇÏ³Ï³Ý ¨ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ³ÝѳݹáõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇÝ: ²Ù»Ý ï³ñÇ Ñ³½³ñ³íáñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ »Ý ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³Ý ÝíÇñí³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ, áñå»ë½Ç ¿É ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ý»ñ·ñ³í»Ý
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ÆëÏ Ç±Ýã »ë ³ÝáõÙ ¹áõ, áñ ˳Ëï»ë ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÁ What do you do to break the silence? The day of silence, which was first held in 1996 in Virginia, USA became the most widespread event ever organized by students. It was meant to address the issues of discrimination and intolerance all throughout educational institutions, in an effort to establish safe educational institutions where people would be respected and accepted regardless of their sexual orientation and gender identity. Many people have heard about the Day of Silence, but not everyone understands why it exists and what its purpose is. The main purpose of this day is to get the public’s attention, by raising awareness on the issues of violence, intolerance, harassment, and discrimination and by developing relevant and effective solutions in an effort to eliminate them. The International Day of Silence is directed to the world wide public and aims to capture people’s attention on the spread of hate crimes against LGBT communities, homophobia, bullying, physical and psychological abuse, discrimination and intolerance. Every year, thousands of people take part in the events dedicated to the Day of Silence in an effort to increase participation and activism for the reduction of homophobia in educational institutions. This is an opportunity to show the public that this problem concerns not only the LGBT people, but also us, our family members, relatives, friends and all layers of the society. Day by day, thousands of people keep silent. They keep silent because they are afraid. They keep silent because they are what they are. Our
áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ³éϳ ÑáÙáýáµÇ³ÛÇ Ýí³½»óÙ³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÇÝ: ê³ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ óáõÛó ï³Éáõ, áñ ³Ûë ËݹÇñÁ í»ñ³µ»ñáõÙ ¿ áã ÙdzÛÝ È¶´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó, ³ÛÉ Ý³¨ Ù»½, Ù»ñ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇÝ, ѳñ³½³ïÝ»ñÇÝ, ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ³é³Ýó µ³ó³éáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý µáÉáñ ˳í»ñÇÝ: úñ»óûñ ѳ½³ñ³íáñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÉéáõÙ »Ý: Üñ³Ýù ÉéáõÙ »Ý, áñáíÑ»ï¨ í³Ë»ÝáõÙ »Ý: ÈéáõÙ »Ý, áñáíÑ»ï¨ Ýñ³Ýù ³ÛÝ »Ý, ÇÝã ϳÝ: Üñ³Ýó ß³ñù»ñáõÙ Ù»ñ »Õµ³ÛñÝ»ñÝ áõ ùáõÛñ»ñÝ »Ý, Ù»ñ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÁ, Ù»ñ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÝ áõ ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ, ÉéáõÙ »Ý ÑáÙáë»ùëáõ³ÉÝ»ñÁ ¨ Ñ»ï»ñáë»ùëáõ³ÉÝ»ñÁ, ÉéáõÙ »ë ¹áõ, ÉéáõÙ »Ù ݳ¨ »ë: ê³ µáÉáñ É»ëµáõÑÇÝ»ñÇ, ·»Û»ñÇ, µÇë»ùëáõ³ÉÝ»ñÇ, ïñ³Ý뷻ݹ»ñÝ»ñÇ ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý, Ñ»ï³åݹáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ, ÇÝãÇ Ñ»ï Ýñ³Ýù Ùßï³å»ë µ³ËíáõÙ »Ý: ²Û¹ ûñÁ Ýñ³Ýó ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÁ Éë»ÉÇ ÏÉÇÝÇ ³ÙµáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ: ²ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ͳÛñ»ñáõÙ ÙÇÉÇáݳíáñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÏÉé»Ý` ³ÝÏ³Ë ³½·áõÃÛáõÝÇó, ¹³í³Ý³ÝùÇó, ë»éÇó, ï³ñÇùÇó, Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÇó, ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÇó ¨ ³ÛÉ ³ÝÓݳÛÇÝ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÇó: Üñ³Ýù Éé»Éáõ »Ý, áñáíÑ»ï¨ Ñ³Ùá½í³Í »Ý, áñ Ñ»ï³åݹáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ áõ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ å»ïù ¿ í»ñç ¹Ý»É: ²ÛÝ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ, áñï»Õ ȶ´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ѳٻٳﳵ³ñ ³í»ÉÇ É³í »Ý å³ßïå³Ýí³Í, ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ËݹÇñÁ ϳ۳ÝáõÙ ¿ Ýñ³ÝáõÙ, áñ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ¹³éÝ³Ý ³é³í»É ³å³Ñáí µáÉáñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ (³ÝÏ³Ë ³½·áõÃÛáõ-
êáõñ»Ý س·³ùÛ³Ý ³ñß³í §àã ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³ÝÁ¦ Suren Magakian NOH8 campaign
brothers, our sisters, our parents, our friends and coworkers are among them, homosexuals and heterosexuals keep silent, you keep silent and I also keep silent. This is the silence of the entire lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people about discrimination, violence, harassment, which they permanently face. On this day, their silence will be heard all over the world. Millions of people will keep silent in different parts of the world, regardless of their nationality, religion, sex, age, profession, sexual orientation and other personal qualities. They will keep silent because they believe that harassment and discrimination must end. In countries where LGBT rights are better respected, they
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Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ human rights
ÝÇó, ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÇó ¨ ³ÛÉ ³ÝÓݳÛÇÝ Ñ³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÇó): ÆëÏ ³ÛÝ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ, áñï»Õ ȶ´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ å³ßïå³Ýí³Í ã»Ý, ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñÁ ÝíÇñí³Í ¿ ÑáÙáýáµÇ³ÛÇ ¨ ȶ´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó Ýϳïٳٵ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙùáí Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáÕ Ñ³Ýó³·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï³ë»óÙ³Ý ËݹñÇÝ: سñ¹ÇÏ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ »Ý ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³Ý, áñå»ë½Ç Éáõë³µ³Ý»Ý ³Ûë ËݹÇñÁ ¨ ȶ´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ï³Ý ½·³É, áñ Çñ»Ýù ÙdzÛÝ³Ï ã»Ý:
will keep silent for the educational institutions on its mission to become safer for everyone, regardless of nationality, sexual orientation or other personal characteristics. Finally, in countries where LGBT rights are not protected, the Day of Silence is dedicated to the elimination of homophobia and prevention of hate crimes. People are taking part in the Day of Silence to elucidate this issue and let LGBT people feel that they are not alone.
ÆÝãá±õ ¿ í³ï Éé»ÉÁ гë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ³éϳ ï³ñµ»ñ ï»ë³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ¹ñ³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ Éé»ÉÁ ϳñáÕ »Ý µ»ñ»É µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý: ´éÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³ÛÝ ¿, »ñµ ù»½ ó³í »Ý å³ï׳éáõÙ. ó³í, áñÝ ³ÝÙ³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ¿: ²ÛÝ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ÉÇÝ»É Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý, ϳñáÕ ¿ ÉÇÝ»É Ý³¨ ýǽÇϳϳÝ` Í»Í Ï³Ù Ù³Ñ: ØdzÛÝ å³ïÏ»ñ³óñáõ, áñ Ù»ÏÇ »ÕµáñÁ ϳñáÕ »Ý Í»ÍÇ »ÝóñÏ»É ³ÛÝ µ³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ, áñ ݳ §ÝÙ³Ý ã¿¦ áõñÇßÝ»ñÇÝ (áã Çñ ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ùµ) ϳ٠ùñáçÁ, ÁÝÏ»ñáçÁ, ÁÝÏ»ñáõÑáõÝ, ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ: ºñ»Ë³Ý ϳñáÕ ¿ ÇÝùݳëå³Ý ÉÇÝ»É, ù³ÝÇ áñ Ýñ³Ý ͳÕñáõÙ »Ý ѳٳ¹³ë³ñ³ÝóÇÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûëå»ë ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ ³Ýí»ñç Ãí»É: Æ í»ñçá, ¹³ ϳñáÕ ¿ ëå³éÝ³É Ý³¨ ù»½, ÇÝã-áñ Ù»ÏÁ ϳñáÕ ¿ ù»½ Í»ÍÇ »ÝóñÏ»É ³ÛÝ µ³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ, áñ ¹áõ §ÝÙ³Ý ã»ë¦ Çñ»Ý: ÆëÏ µ³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ù»ñ ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ ³ÛÝù³Ý ß³ï ¿: ÎÛ³ÝùÁ Ñdzëù³Ýã ¿ Çñ µ³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ´éÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ¹ñë¨áñáõÙ, áõÕÕí³Í ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, áíù»ñ §ï³ñµ»ñíáõÙ »Ý¦ (ï³ñµ»ñíáõÙ »Ý ³½·áõÃÛ³Ùµ, é³ë³Û³Ï³Ý ¨ ÏñáÝ³Ï³Ý å³ïϳݻÉáõÃÛ³Ùµ, ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßٳٵ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ), ËáëáõÙ ¿ ÙdzÛÝ ïíÛ³É Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹áõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý ó³Íñ ٳϳñ¹³ÏÇ Ï³Ù ¹ñ³ µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ºí ³Û¹ ËݹñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ Éé»ÉÝ ¿ ѳݷ»óÝáõÙ ÙdzÛÝ ³ÛëûñÇÝ³Ï µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÇ
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Why is it bad to keep silent? Witnessing different types of discrimination in societies and keeping silent about them can cause violence to occur. Violence is what causes you pain: pain which is inhumane. It can be both psychological and physical: beating and death. Imagine somebody’s brother being beaten just because he’s “different” (to no choice of his own) or somebody’s sister, friend, parents. A child commits suicide because s/he is constantly being mocked by her/his classmates. We may list endlessly. After all, you may be the victim, someone may beat you because you’re not “like” him/her. Nevertheless, diversity is so much in our lives. Life is wonderful by its diversity. Every expression of violence and hatred against those who are “different” (ethnicity,
µ³ñÓñ³óÙ³ÝÁ: ÐáÙáýáµÇ³Ý íݳëáõÙ ¿ áã ÙdzÛÝ È¶´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó: ÐáÙáýáµÇ³Ý Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ï»ë³Ï ¿. Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ` ÑÇÙÝí³Í ³ÝÓÇ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßÙ³Ý ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ ÇÝùÝáõÃÛ³Ý íñ³: гëáõÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ·Çï³ÏóáõÙ »Ý, áñ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñáÕ ¿ »ÝóñÏí»É ó³Ýϳó³Í Ù³ñ¹` áñáß³ÏÇ ÙÇç³í³Ûñáõ٠ϳ٠ųٳݳϳѳïí³ÍáõÙ, ¹ñ³ ѳٳñ ³Ûë ÙÇçáó³éÙ³ÝÁ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ »Ý áã ÙdzÛÝ È¶´î ³ÝÓÇÝù, ³ÛÉ Ý³¨ Ñ»ï»ñáë»ùëáõ³ÉÝ»ñÁ, áíù»ñ ѳëϳÝáõÙ »Ý, áñ ÑáÙáýáµÇ³Ý, íÇñ³íáñ³ÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ˳ñËÉáõÙ »Ý ³éáÕç ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙù»ñÁ: ÊݹñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ãµ³ñÓñ³Ó³ÛÝ»ÉÁ, ³ÛÝ ãÝϳï»ÉÁ ÙÇßï µ³ó³ë³µ³ñ ¿ ³½¹áõÙ µáÉáñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó íñ³, áíù»ñ ·ïÝíáõÙ »Ý ³Û¹ Ëݹñ³Ñ³ñáõÛó Çñ³íÇ׳ÏáõÙ:
race, religion, values, sexual orientations, etc.) speaks about the low level of tolerance or its absence. Remaining silent about these issues only fuels the fire and leads to a higher level of intolerance and violence to occur. Homophobia doesn’t only hurt LGBT people. Homophobia is a form of discrimination; discrimination based on the sexual orientation and gender identity of the person. Mature people realize that in a certain period of time or space, anyone can be subjected to discrimination, which is why this event isn’t just for to the LGBTs, but also heterosexuals who understand that homophobia, offenses and violence undermine the basis of healthy society, take part in it. Not speaking about the problems, ignoring it, always have negative impact on those people who constantly deal with these issues.
ȶ´î ³ÝÓ³Ýó Ýϳïٳٵ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ íï³Ý·³íáñ ¿ ³ÝËïÇñ µáÉáñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Hatred against LGBT people is dangerous for everyone with no exception ²Ñ³ ³ÛëåÇëÇ µáí³Ý¹³ÏáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÃéáõóÇÏÝ»ñ ¿ÇÝ µ³Å³Ýí»É ݳËáñ¹ ï³ñÇ ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñÁ èáõë³ëï³ÝáõÙ. §ÊݹñáõÙ »Ù, ÷áñÓ»ù ѳëϳݳÉ, û ÇÝãáõ »ë ³Ûëûñ ã»Ù ³ñï³µ»ñáõÙ áã ÙÇ µ³é: ºë Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ »Ù ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³Ý` ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹³Ï³Ý µáÕáùÇ ß³ñÅÙ³ÝÁ ÉéáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù, ÇÝãÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙ »Ý ȶ´î ³ÝÓÇù ¨ Ýñ³Ýó ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ: ÆÙ ¹Çï³íáñÛ³É ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³ñÓ³·³ÝùÝ ¿ ³ÛÝ ÉéáõÃÛ³Ý, áñÝ ³é³ç³ÝáõÙ ¿ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý, Ñ»ï³åݹáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ݳ˳å³ß³ñÙáõÝùÝ»ñÇ áõ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï׳éáí: ºë ѳí³ïáõÙ »Ù, áñ í»ñç ï³Éáí ÉéáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, Ù»Ýù Ïϳï³ñ»Ýù Ù»ñ ³é³çÇÝ ù³ÛÉÝ ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñ»Éáõ ·áñÍáõÙ: Øï³Í»ù ³ÛÝ Ó³ÛÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ, áñáÝù ¸áõù ÑÇÙ³ ã»ù ÉëáõÙ ¨ Ò»½ Ñ»ï¨Û³É ѳñóÁ ïí»ù. §ÆëÏ Ç±Ýã »Ù ³ÝáõÙ »ë, áñ ˳Ëï»Ù ÉéáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦: Øï³Í»ù ³Û¹ Ù³ëÇÝ…¦
Flyers containing these types of written ads were distributed during the previous Day of Silence in Russia. “Please, try to understand, why I don’t say a single word today. I am participating in the Day of Silence, an international youth protest movement against the silence, to which LGBT people and their friends meet. My intentional silence is a response to the silence that arises from violence, harassment, prejudice and discrimination. I believe that by breaking the silence, we will take the first step in fighting against the injustice. Think about the voices which you do not hear now and ask yourself this question: “What do I do to break the silence?” Think about it…”
γÙá ¸³íÃÛ³Ý
Kamo Davtyan
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Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ human rights
سñïÇ 8-Á` γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ March 8 International Women’s Day γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ ³ÙµáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ ÁݹáõÝí³Í ¿ Ýß»É Ù³ñïÇ 8-ÇÝ: ²Ûë ûñÁ ϳݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ïáÝ ¿ å³ßïáݳå»ë ѳÛï³ñ³ñí³Í ݳ¨ ØdzóÛ³É ²½·»ñÇ Î³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó, ÇëÏ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ ³ÛÝ Ñ³×³Ë ÝßíáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë ³½·³ÛÇÝ ïáÝ: سñïÇ 8-Á ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÝáñ»Ý ÁݹáõÝí³Í ÙÇ ûñ, »ñµ ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ï³Ý³Ûù ïáÝáõÙ »Ý ï³ñµ»ñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ (ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý, ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý û ëáódzɳϳÝ) Çñ»Ýó áõÝ»ó³Í Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ ¨ Ýí³×áõÙÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûë ûñÁ ÑÇÙݳϳÝáõÙ ÁݹáõÝí³Í ¿ ѳٳñ»É áñå»ë ϳݳÝó` ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç áõÝ»ó³Í ¹»ñÇ ¨ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ÝóÛ³ÉáõÙ ÙÕí³Í å³Ûù³ñÇ ûñ, áñÇ ÑÇÙùÁ ¹ñ»óÇÝ ý»ÙÇÝÇëï ϳݳÛù: γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ ѳë³ñ³Ï ϳݳÝó å³Ûù³ñÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿: ¸³ ÙÇ ûñ ¿, áñ å³ïÙáõÙ ¿ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ»ï ѳí³ë³ñ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ áõݻݳÉáõ, ѳí³ë³ñ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ³ß˳ï»Éáõ ¨ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùÇÝ ³ÏïÇí Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝ áõݻݳÉáõ ѳٳñ ϳݳÝó ÙÕ³Í å³Ûù³ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ²Û¹ ûñÝ ³ÙµáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ ï³ñµ»ñ ³½·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ¿ÃÝÇÏ áõ ÏñáÝ³Ï³Ý å³ïϳݻÉÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý³Ûù, ³ÝÏ³Ë Çñ»Ýó É»½í³Ï³Ý, Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ³é³ÝÓݳѳïÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó áõ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ѳ۳óùÝ»ñÇó, ѳٳËÙµíáõÙ »Ý Ýß»Éáõ ÏÝáç ûñÁ, áñÝ ³ñ¹»Ý ÇÝÁ ï³ëݳÙÛ³Ï ¿, ÇÝã å³Ûù³ñáõÙ ¿ ѳÝáõÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý, ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ˳ճÕáõÃÛ³Ý: î³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõ٠γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ Ý»ñùÇÝ áõ ÷³Ï ùÝݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñÇó ¹³ñÓ»É ¿ ÙÇ Ù»Í ß³ñÅáõÙ, ï»Õ³÷áËí»É ¿ ÷áÕáóÝ»ñ` Çñ Ñ»ï ͳí³É»Éáí ѻճ÷áË³Ï³Ý Ñáë³Ýù`
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International Women’s Day is celebrated on March 8 worldwide. United Nations has officially made it a women holiday as well, and in various states, it is being celebrated as a national holiday. March 8 is considered to be an internationally recognized day of women, celebrating their advancements and achievements in various spheres (political, economic or social). This day is meant to be seen as a day of struggle for the roles and rights in the social life, which was fought for in the past, the basis for which was instigated by feminist women. The International Women’s Day is the history of the fight of the ordinary women. It is a day telling about the struggles women faced in obtaining equal rights with men, similar working conditions as well as for ensuring active participation to social life. On this day, women of various nationalities, ethnicities and religions, regardless of their linguistic, cultural features and/or political views,
׳ݳå³ñÑÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹Çå»Éáí ï³ñµ»ñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñÇ áõ Ùï³íáñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ Áݹ¹ÇÙáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, µ³Ë»Éáí ï³ñµ»ñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý áõ ѳë³ñ³ñ³Ï³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÝ»ñÇ ¹éÝ»ñÁ, ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í óáõÛó»ñáí ³Ýó»É »ñÏñÇó »ñÏÇñ` Ýå³ï³Ï áõݻݳÉáí ÷áË»É ëáóÇáõÙáõ٠ϳݳÝó ·ñ³í³Í ¹»ñÁ, ûñÇÝ³Ï³Ý å³Ûù³ñÇ áõÕÕáí í»ñ Ñ³Ý»É ÙÇÝã ³Û¹ ³ÝûñÇݳϳÝáñ»Ý áïݳѳñí³Í ¨ ³ñѳٳñí³Í ÏÝáç Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ, Éë»ÉÇ ¹³ñÓÝ»Éáí ϳݳóÇ Ó³ÛÝÁ, å³Ûù³ñ»Éáí ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ï³ñµ»ñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ ³éϳ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ ³Ýѳí³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù: γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñÁ ëÏǽµ »Ý ³éÝáõÙ ¹»é¨ë 1910 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó, »ñµ ³ÛÝ ëÏëí»ó ïáÝí»É ÙÇç³½·³ÛÝáñ»Ý, ÇëÏ ²ØÜ-Ç ëáódzÉÇëï ϳݳÛù ³ñ¹»Ý 1908 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³ëóñ»É ¿ÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ³ÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ïí³ ³é³çÇÝ Î³Ý³Ýó ²½·³ÛÇÝ úñÁ` ÑÇÙù ¹Ý»Éáí ³å³·³ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ïáÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ²Ûëûñ ß³ï Ñ³×³Ë Î³Ý³Ýó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ Ùï³µ»ñ»ÉÇë Ù»Ýù ³é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ ³ÛÝ ÁÝϳÉáõÙ ¨ ïáÝáõÙ »Ýù áñå»ë ϳݳÝó` ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ï³ñµ»ñ µÝ³·³í³éÝ»ñáõÙ áõÝ»ó³Í Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ, Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ýí³×áõÙÝ»ñÇ ûñ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ãå»ïù ¿ Ùáé³Ý³É` ÇÝãåÇëÇ Í³Ýñ ųٳݳÏÝ»ñÇ ¨ ˳éÁ Çñ³¹³ñÓáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ ÍÝí»ó ³ÛÝ: ²ÛÝ 20-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇ ëϽµÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í µ³Ýíáñ ¹³ë³Ï³ñ·Ç ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ³Ýϳñ·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Áݹí½áõÙÝ»ñÇ åïáõÕ ¿ñ: γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ` áñå»ë ϳݳÝó ïáÝ, ëÏëí»ó ¹Çï³ñÏí»É ¹»é¨ë 1900-³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ëϽµÝ»ñÇó, »ñµ ³ñ¹Ûáõݳµ»ñ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ñÑÁ Ýáñ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ½³ñ·³óáõÙÝ»ñÇ, Ù»Í ï³ï³ÝáõÙÝ»ñÇ áõ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³é³ç ¿ñ ϳݷݻÉ, »ñµ Ç Ñ³Ûï »Ï³í µÝ³ÏãáõÃÛ³Ý Ãí³ù³Ý³ÏÇ ·»ñ³× ¨ é³¹ÇÏ³É ·³Õ³÷³ñ³ËáëáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³çÇÝ ÍÇÉ»ñÁ: ²Ûá°, γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ ÍÝí»ó ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ³ÝѳݷëïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ×·Ý³Å³ÙÇ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ` ³ñ¹»Ý ÇëÏ Å³-
unite to celebrate the day of the woman struggling for equality, justice and peace for over nine decades.
Over the years, the International Women’s Day has grown into a large movement from closed discussions, and has been moved to streets by including revolutionary currents. It has seen the opposition of various political figures and intellectuals, it has knocked the doors of various political and social institutions, it has traveled from state to state pursuing the aim of changing the role of women in societies, and defending the illegally violated and ignored rights of women through legal fight. It also aimed in making the voice of women heard, by struggling against the gender inequality existing in many areas of life. The historical roots behind the International Women’s Day date back to 1910, when it was first celebrated internationally, and socialist women of the Unites States had already managed to organize the first National Day of Women in 1908, by setting a foundation for the future international holiday. Thinking about the International Women’s Day nowadays, we perceive and celebrate it as a day of inputs, achievements and advances of women in various domains of life, while, meanwhile, we should not forget in what kind of harsh times and bitter events it was born, as
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Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ human rights
é³Ý·»Éáí ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý ³ÏïÇíáõÃÛ³Ý áõ a result of the confrontations and outbreaks of µáÕáùÇ µáÉáñ ݳ˳Ýß³ÝÝ»ñÁ: гñÏ ¿ Ýß»É, the working class in the beginning of 20th cenáñ ³ÛÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ (20-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇ ëϽµÇó ÙÇÝ㨠tury. 1910 Ãí³Ï³ÝÁ ÁÝÏ³Í Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³Ñ³ïí³ÍÁ) International Women’s Day was perceived as ϳݳÝó ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ¨ women’s holiday since 1900s, when the indus³ß˳ï³í³ñÓÁ ³ÝÑáõë³ÉÇ í³ï íÇ׳ÏáõÙ trial world was involved in new economic de¿ÇÝ: ØdzÛÝ áñáß ³ñ¹Ûáõݳµ»ñ³Ï³Ý ï»ë³Ý- velopment; big turmoil and changes, when the ÏÛáõÝÇó ½³ñ·³ó³Í »ñÏñÝ»ñáõ٠ϳݳÝó overgrowth of population and the first germs of ÙÇ ÷áùñ Ù³ëÁ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ñ radical ideology were first witnessed. µ³í³ñ³ñ í³ñÓ³ïñíáÕ ³ß˳ï³Ýù áõÝ»- Yes! The International Women’s Day was born ݳÉ: ²Ù»Ý ¹»åùáõ٠ϳݳÝó ѳٳñ ݳ˳- in conditions of social convulsion and social criï»ëí³Í ³Ù»Ý ï»ë³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³í³Ûñ ݳ˳- sis, therefore inheriting all the features of civic å»ë ³é³ÝÓݳóí³Í ¿ñ` »ÉÝ»Éáí ë»é³ÛÇÝ activism and outcry. It is to be mentioned that ³é³ÝÓݳѳïÏáõÃÛáõÝÇó: ²ÛëÇÝùÝ, ϳݳÛù the working conditions and wages were terrible ѳñϳ¹ñí³Í ³ß˳ïáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ÙdzÛÝ Ù³Ýñ³- for women back then (the beginning of the 20th ·áñÍí³ÍùÝ»ñÇ, ï»ùëïÇÉÇ áõ Ï»Ýó³Õ³ÛÇÝ century until 1910). It was only a handful of ³ÛÉ Í³é³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ϳåí³Í ³ñï³- women, in few industrially developed countries, ¹Áñ³Ù³ë»ñáõÙ áõ ·áñͳñ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ, áñï»Õ who could afford having a job with reasonable ³ß˳ï³å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ³Ñ³íáñ ¿ÇÝ, ÇëÏ salary. In any case, any kind of workplace for ³ß˳ï³í³ñÓÝ ¿É ³í»ÉÇ: ²Ûë ³Ù»ÝÁ ëÏë»ó women was segregated, based on gender peÑÇÙù ѳݹÇë³Ý³É ѻﳷ³ Çñ³¹³ñÓáõ- culiarities. It is to say that women only had to ÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Í³í³ÉÙ³ÝÁ: 1908 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ work in workshops and factories dealing with ϳݳÝó Ýϳïٳٵ ÏÇñ³éíáÕ ×ÝßáõÙÝ áõ manufacturing, textile and other household serë»é³ÛÇÝ ËÇëï ³Ýѳí³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ vices, where the conditions were horrible and ï³ñµ»ñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ ²ØÜ-Ç the salary was even ³ß˳ïáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ßñç³ÝáõÙ worse. All of this was ¹Å·áÑáÃÛ³Ý ³ÉÇù ëÏë»ó µ³ñÓa base for further adñ³óÝ»É` ¹³ñÓÝ»Éáí Ýñ³Ýó vancement. In 1908, ³í»ÉÇ í×é³Ï³Ý ë»÷³Ï³Ý oppression against Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ áïݳѳñÙ³Ý, women and severe µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ gender inequality in difËïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ferent spheres of life ñ»Éáõ, Çñ»Ýó µ³½ÙÇóë Éé»óí³Í raised a wave of dissatÓ³ÛÝÁ µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Éáõ ¨ ë»é³ÛÇÝ isfaction among workѳí³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ³Ñ³ing women in USA, ½³Ý·»Éáõ, ѳë³ñ³Ï³å»ë áõ by making them more ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý³å»ë ³í»ÉÇ ³Ïdetermined in fighting ïÇí ¹³éݳÉáõ ËݹñáõÙ: ºí against the violation of ÝáõÛÝ 1908 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ ³ñ¹»Ý their rights, violence Ùáï 15.000 ϳݳÝóáí ѳٳand discrimination ÉÁñí³Í »ñÃÁ ³ÝóÝáõÙ ¿ñ ÜÛáõ Îɳñ³ ò»ïÏÇÝÁ, γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ based on gender. It ÚáñùÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ÷áÕáó- ÑÇÙݳ¹ÇñÁ (Ó³ËÇó), Çñ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÑáõ` èá½³ also made them strongÈÛáõùë»Ùµáõñ·Ç Ñ»ï: Ý»ñáí` å³Ñ³Ýç»Éáí ³í»ÉÇ ùÇã Clara Zetkin, the founder of Women’s International minded in uttering their ³ß˳ï³Å³Ù»ñ, ³ñųݳå³- Day (on the left), with her friend Rosa Luxembourg. so-often-silenced voice
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ïÇí ÏÛ³ÝùÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ³ß˳ï³í³ñÓ ¨ ³Ù»Ý³Ï³ñ¨áñÁ` ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ Ó³ÛÝ ï³Éáõ Çñ³íáõÝù: гٳӳÛÝ ²Ù»ñÇϳÛÇ êáódzÉÇëï³Ï³Ý Îáõë³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ³Í ѳÛï³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý` ëϽµáõ٠γݳÝó Æñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñ áñå»ë ³Û¹åÇëÇÝ ³ÙµáÕç ²ØÜ-Ç ï³ñ³ÍùáõÙ ëÏëí»ó ѳٳñí»É ÷»ïñí³ñÇ 28-Á, ¨ ÙÇÝ㨠1913 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ í»ñç ϳݳÛù ÝßáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ³Û¹ ïáÝÁ ÷»ïñí³ñÇ í»ñçÇÝ ÏÇñ³ÏÇ ûñÁ: ÆëÏ ³ñ¹»Ý 1910 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ ¸³ÝdzÛÇ Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ù Îáå»Ýѳ·»ÝáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»óáÕ ²ß˳ï³íáñ ϳݳÝó »ñÏñáñ¹ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ·»ñٳݳóÇ Îɳñ³ ò»ïÏÇÝÁ, áñÝ ³ÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ÝáõÙ ¿ñ ¶»ñÙ³ÝdzÛÇ ëáódzÉ-¹»ÙáÏñ³ï³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý “γݳÝó ¶ñ³ë»ÝÛ³ÏÇ” ջϳí³ñÁ, ³é³ç ù³ß»ó γݳÝó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñÁ` áñå»ë ³Ù»Ý³ÙÛ³ ïáÝ, Ýß»Éáõ ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ: ܳ ³é³ç³ñÏ»ó, áñ µáÉáñ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ ï³ñí³ ÁÝóóùáõÙ ³é³ç³¹ñíÇ Ñëï³Ï ÙÇ ûñ ` áñå»ë ϳݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ïáÝ, áñÝ Çñ Ù»ç ϳñï³óáÉÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙµáÕç ·³Õ³÷³ñ³Ï³Ý ¿áõÃÛáõÝÁ: ÎáÝý»ñ³ÝëÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 100 ϳݳÛù 17 ï³ñµ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇó, áñáÝù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñ ¹³ßÇÝùÝ»ñ, ëáódzÉÇëï³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ³ß˳ï³íáñ ϳݳÝó ³ÏáõÙµ»ñ: Ü»ñϳ ¿ÇÝ Ý³¨ ³ÛÝ 3 ϳݳÛù, áñáÝù ÁÝïñí»É ¿ÇÝ ýÇÝÝ³Ï³Ý å³éɳٻÝïÇ ³Ý¹³Ù: ´áÉáñ í»ñáÝßÛ³É Ï³Ý³Ûù ò»ïÏÇÝÇ ³é³ç³ñÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙdzӳÛÝ Ñ³í³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñųݳóñÇÝ ¨ γݳÝó úñÁ ¹³ñÓ³í ÙÇç³½·³ÛÝáñ»Ý ÝßíáÕ ïáÝ: 1910 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ áñáßáõÙÇó Ñ»ïá γݳÝó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñÁ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù Ýßí»É ¿ Ù³ñïÇ 19-ÇÝ ²íëïñdzÛáõÙ, ¸³ÝdzÛáõÙ, ¶»ñÙ³ÝdzÛáõÙ ¨ Þí»Ûó³ñdzÛáõÙ: ²í»ÉÇ ù³Ý Ù»Ï ÙÇÉÇáÝ Ï³Ý³Ûù ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ¿ÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõ٠γݳÝó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñí³ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåíáÕ »ñûñÇÝ ¨ ù³ñá½³ñß³íÝ»ñÇÝ, áñáÝù áõÕÕí³Í ¿ÇÝ Ï³Ý³Ýó ³ß˳ï»Éáõ, Ó³ÛÝ ï³Éáõ,
and in alarming about gender equality, and in becoming more active, socially and politically. That same year, 15 000 women marched through the central streets of New York, fighting for better working hours, salary necessary for welfare life, and more importantly: the right to vote. According to the statement made by the Socialist Party of America, February 28th was the primary date to be marked as the International Day of Women’s Rights all around the United States, and until the end of the year of 1913, women were celebrating that day on the last Sunday of February. During the Second International Conference of Working Women held in Copenhagen in the capital city of Denmark in 1910, Clara Zetkin, of German origin, who was the head of the “Women’s Office” of Social Democratic Party of Germany, tabled celebrating International Women’s Day as an annual holiday. She suggested establishing a specific day all over the world as an international holiday for women that would incorporate the whole ideological essence of the women’s rights protection. More than 100 women from 17 various countries were participating in the conference, presenting diverse unions, socialist parties, and clubs of working women. Three women that were chosen as members of Finnish parliament were also present. All the women unanimously accepted Zetkin’s proposition, and the Day of Women became an internationally celebrated holiday. After the decision of 1910, the International Women’s Day was first celebrated on March 19 in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland. More than a million women and men were participating in marches and campaigns on the occasion of International Women’s Day. These campaigns intended in helping women work, to vote, get education, holding the right to obtain positions in the social and political sphere, rights protection as well as eliminating gender based discrimination.
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Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ human rights
ÏñÃí»Éáõ, ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ¨ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý å³ßïáÝÝ»ñ ½µ³Õ»óÝ»Éáõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Çëå³é í»ñ³óÙ³ÝÁ: ²ñ¹»Ý 1913 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ éáõë ϳݳÛù ëÏë»óÇÝ ïáÝ»É Çñ»Ýó ³é³çÇÝ Î³Ý³Ýó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñÁ, áñÁ ÁÝÏÝáõÙ ¿ñ ÷»ïñí³ñÇ í»ñçÇÝ ÏÇñ³ÏÇ ûñÁ (Áëï ³ÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï èáõë³ëï³ÝáõÙ û·ï³·áñÍíáÕ ÑáõÉÇáëÛ³Ý ûñ³óáõÛóÇ): ÜáõÛÝ Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ Í³í³Éí³Í ùÝݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ îáÝÁ ï»Õ³÷áËí»ó ¨ ³Û¹ ûñí³ÝÇó ó³Ûëûñ ëÏëí»ó Ýßí»É Ù³ñïÇ 8-ÇÝ` ÁݹáõÝí³Í ³ÙµáÕç ³ß˳ñÑáõÙ ï³ñµ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ܳËÏÇÝ ÊêÐØ ï³ñ³ÍùáõÙ ÙÇÝ㨠1965 Ãí³Ï³ÝÁ سñïÇ 8-Á ѳٳñíáõÙ ¿ñ ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ûñ, µ³Ûó ÝáõÛÝ Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ Ù³ÛÇëÇ 8-ÇÝ ÊêÐØ ¶»ñ³·áõÛÝ ÊáñÑñ¹Ç Ññ³Ù³Ý³·ñáí γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ ѳÛï³ñ³ñí»ó áã ³ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ûñ` Ç å³ïÇí ÊáñÑÁñ¹³ÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý³Ýó` ÏáÙáõÝÇëï³Ï³Ý ѳë³ñ³Ï³ñ·Ç ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Ù»ç áõÝ»ó³Í ³í³Ý¹Ç áõ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ, гÛñ»Ý³Ï³Ý Ø»Í ä³ï»ñ³½Ùáõ٠ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ óáõó³µ»ñ³Í Ëǽ³ËáõÃÛ³Ý, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÛ³Ý ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñÇ ÙÇç¨ µ³ñ»Ï³ÙáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ˳ճÕáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ùñ³åݹٳÝ: ÊêÐØ-áõ٠γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý ÁݹáõÝáõÙÇó ³ÝÙÇç³å»ë Ñ»ïá, »ñµ ³ÛÝ ï³ñ³Íí»ó ³ÙµáÕç ÊêÐØ ï³ñ³Íùáí Ù»Ï, ïáÝÁ ëÏëí»ó Ýßí»É ݳ¨
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Next, in 1913, Russian women started celebrating their International Women’s Day on the last Sunday of February (according to the Julian calendar used in Russia at that time). As a result of discussions, the holiday was shifted on March 8 that same year, becoming an internationally celebrated day since it was recognized worldwide by various states.
In the former USSR territory, March 8 was regarded as a working day until 1965, but that same year, on May 8, according to the order of the Supreme Council of the USSR, the International Women’s Day was proclaimed a non-working day, in honor of the contributions and inputs of women of Soviet Union in developing communist structure, for the bravery in protecting the fatherland during the Great Patriotic War, as well as strengthening comradeship and peace among peoples of Soviet Union. Just after the official recognition of the International Women’s Day in USSR, it spread
ÙÛáõë ËáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ áõ ëáódzÉÇëï³Ï³Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ³ÛÝ ëÏë»óÇÝ ïáÝ»É ãÇݳóÇ ÏáÙáõÝÇëïÝ»ñÁ 1922 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó áõ Çëå³Ý³óÇ ÏáÙáõÝÇëïÝ»ñÁ 1936 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó: ÆëÏ ²ñ¨Ùáõïùáõ٠γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ ëÏë»É ¿ ¹Çï³ñÏí»É áñå»ë ѳٳÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý ÙÇç³ó³éáõÙ` ëÏë³Í 1977 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó, »ñµ زÎ-Ç ¶É˳íáñ ²ë³ÙµÉ»³ÛÇ áñáßٳٵ سñïÇ 8-Á Ñéã³Ïí»ó زÎ-Ç Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ áõ гٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ë³Õ³ÕáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ: гñÏ ¿ Ýß»É, áñ 1945 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ ëïáñ³·ñí³Í زÎ-Ç Î³Ýáݳ¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙÇç³½·³Û³Ýáñ»Ý ׳ݳãí³Í ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³Ù³Ó³Ûݳ·ÇñÝ ¿, áñÝ Çñ Ù»ç Áݹ·ñÏáõÙ ¿ ݳ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ` Ñéã³Ï»Éáí ³ÛÝ áñå»ë Ù³ñ¹áõ ÑÇÙݳñ³ñ Çñ³íáõÝù: ²Ûë ï³ñí³ Î³Ý³Ýó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³Ý ÝíÇñí³Í زÎ-Ç Ã»Ù³Ý áõ ϳñ·³ËáëÝ ¿ §Ð½áñ³óÝ»É ·ÛáõÕ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÝ»ñáõÙ ³åñáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó` í»ñç ï³É ëáíÇÝ ¨ ³Õù³ïáõÃÛ³ÝÁ¦: ÊáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÛ³Ý ÷Éáõ½áõÙÇó Ñ»ïá Ýáñ³ÝÏ³Ë Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛáõÝáõ٠سñïÇ 8-ÇÝ ÝßíáÕ Î³Ý³Ýó ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ úñí³Ý ÝíÇñí³Í ïáݳϳï³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ å³ßïáݳå»ë ¹³¹³ñ»óí»óÇÝ, ¨ ²åñÇÉÇ 7-Ý ³é³ç³ñÏí»ó ïáÝ»É Ø³ÛñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ¶»Õ»óÏáõÃÛ³Ý îáÝÁ` áñå»ë å»ï³Ï³Ýáñ»Ý ÁݹáõÝí³Í Ýáñ ïáÝ, áñÁ ß³ï ³ñ³· Ï»ñåáí ï³ñ³Íí»ó ѳۻñÇ ßñç³ÝáõÙ` ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ÉÇÝ»Éáí ݳ¨ Ð³Û ²³é³ù»É³Ï³Ý ºÏ»Õ»óáõ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ïáÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ` ²í»ïáõÙÁ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ¹»é¨ë ѳí³ï³ñÇÙ ¿ÇÝ ÑÇÝ ûñí³Ý` سñïÇ 8-ÇÝ, ¨ ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñÁ ѳݷ»óñÇÝ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÝíÇñí³Í »ñÏáõ ïáÝ áõݻݳÉáõ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÇÝ, ÇëÏ Ø³ñïÇ 8-Çó ²åñÇÉÇ 7-Á ÁÝÏ³Í Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³Ñ³ïí³ÍÁ ѳÛï³ñ³ñí»ó ϳݳÝó ÙdzÙëÛ³Ï: Ü»ÉÉÇ ö³ÛïÛ³Ý ú·ï³·áñÍí³Í ³ÕµÛáõñÝ»ñÁ` >>>
throughout the territory of former USSR, the holiday was also celebrated in other Soviet and Socialist states, too, including Chinese communists starting in 1922 and the Spanish since 1936. And in the West, the International Women’s Day has been regarded as a nationwide event starting from 1977, when, according to the decision of General Assembly of UN, March 8 was proclaimed, “United Nations (UN) Day for Women’s Rights and International Peace”. In fact, the Charter of the UN signed in 1945 is the first internationally recognized convention which includes gender equality as a basic human right. The theme and the motto of the International Women’s Day of UN of this year is: “Empower Rural Women–End Hunger and Poverty”. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the newly independent Republic of Armenia had officially ceased the celebrations of March 8 for the International Women’s Day, and April 7th was intended to be celebrated as the day of Motherhood and Beauty, as a new holiday recognized by the state which quickly spread among Armenians, also because of being one of the main holidays of Armenian Apostolic Church – Annunciation. People were nevertheless loyal to the old Day, March 8, and public voting resulted in having two holidays dedicated to women, and the period between March 8 and April 7 was announced as Women’s Month. Nelly Paitian Sources: http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/women/ womday97.htm http://www.isis.aust.com/iwd/ http://www.internationalwomensday.com/ http://www.internationalwomensday.org.au/ http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/ story/2011/03/08/f-womens-day-history.html
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Ùß³ÏáõÛà culture
ÎÇÝÁ ýáïá³ñí»ëïáõÙ Women in photography
î»ë³ËóÇÏÁ Ýáñ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ÁÝÓ»é»ó, áõ Ù»ñ ¹³ñáõÙ ýáïá³ñí»ëïÁ ѳÛïݳ·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝ ã¿, ³ÛÉ ï³ñµ»ñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ û·ï³·áñÍíáÕ ÙÇ Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ·áñÍÇù, ÇÝùݳñï³Ñ³Ûïí»Éáõ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ³ÛÉ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ»ñÇ Í³é³ÛáÕ ÙÇ ³ñÑ»ëï/³ñí»ëï/½µ³ÕÙáõÝù… (áí ÇÝãå»ë ϳÝí³ÝÇ): г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ¿É Ï³Ý ýáïá³ñí»ëïáõÙ Ëáëù ³ëáÕ Ï³Ý³Ûù, ¨ ³Ûë Ñá¹í³Íáí ÏͳÝáóݳÝù Ýñ³ÝóÇó »ñ»ùÇ Ñ»ï: The photo camera has brought forth new possibilities, and today the art of photography is not an invention anymore, but rather an interesting tool in various domains to express oneself, and can be viewed as an art/craft/occupation (whatever it may be called) as well, serving various purposes… In Armenia, too, we do have women that have their say in the art of photography, and we are going to learn about three of them in this article.
ܳ½ÇÏ ²ñ Nazik A ٻݳÏÛ³Ý rmenak yan
Ý ÇóñÛ³ Ë Ø ³ Ý ÆÝ an khitary M a n n I
²Ý³ÑÇ ï гÛñ ³å»ïÛ Anahit ³Ý Hayrap etyan
ܳ½ÇÏ ²ñٻݳÏÛ³Ý - г۳ëï³ÝÝ Çñ µÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ, ³ß˳ñѳ·ñ³Ï³Ý ¹Çñùáí, ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý áõ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý å³ïÏ»ñáí, ³ÝóÛ³Éáí, Ý»ñϳÛáí áõ Ñ»é³ÝϳñÝ»ñáí DZÝã ³½¹»óáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ÃáÕ»É ¨ ÃáÕÝáõÙ ùá ³ñí»ëïÇ µáí³Ý¹³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ï»ëùÇ íñ³: γ± ³ÛÝåÇëÇ »ñÏÇñ, áñáõÙ ÏݳËÁÝïñ»Çñ ³åñ»É áõ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ»É: - ØÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ñÇ ³é³ç »ë Ùï³ÍáõÙ ¿Ç, áñ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ É³í ÏÉÇÝ»ñ ³åñ»É ¨ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ»É ÙÇ ³ÛÉ »ñÏñáõÙ. ûñ¨ë ׳ݳå³ñÑáñ¹»ÉÝ áõ Ýáñ »ñÏñÝ»ñ µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»ÉÁ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ýáïáÉñ³·ñáÕÇ Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛ³Ý ·ñ³í³Ï³ÝÝ »Ý: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÝ ÇÝÓ Ñáõ½áõÙ ¿ ³Ù»ÝÇó ß³ï: ºñµ ÝϳñáõÙ ¿Ç §ì»ñ³åñ³ÍÝ»ñ¦ ýáïáݳ˳·ÇÍÁ, áñ úëÙ³ÝÛ³Ý ÂáõñùdzÛÇó ÷ñÏí³Í, гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ í»ñ³åñ³Í Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ ¿ñ, »ë ѳëϳó³ ÙÇ å³ñ½ µ³Ý` ÉÇÝ»Éáí ÇÙ »ñÏñÇ Ý»ñëáõÙ, »ë ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ áõݻ٠¨ ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï »Ù å³ñï³íáñ í»ñѳݻÉáõ ÇÙ »ñÏñÇ ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ` ÷³ëï³·ñ»Éáí ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ųٳݳÏÁ: - î»ë³ËóÇÏÇÝ »ñµ¨Çó», áñå»ë Ù³ñ¹ ¨ áñå»ë г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ³åñáÕ ÏÇÝ, å³ïÙá±õÙ »ë ùá Ùï³Ñá·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ í³Ë»ñÁ, ÑáõÛ½»ñÁ, Éáõë³ÝϳñÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí Ó»ñµ³½³ïíá±õÙ »ë ³ÝѳݷëïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó áõ ³ÝáñáßáõÃÛáõÝÇó, ¨ ɳí³ï»ëáõÃÛ³Ùµ Éóíá±õÙ »ë: ¬-²Ûëûñ Ãí³ÛÇÝ Éáõë³ÝÏñãáõÃÛáõÝÁ ß³ï ٻ˳ÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý í³ñÅáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ÑÇß»óÝáõÙ. í»ñóñ»óÇñ, ·Ý³óÇñ, Ýϳñ»óÇñ, áõ áõÝ»ë Éáõë³Ýϳñ: ÆÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ Éáõë³Ýϳñ»ÉÁ »ñÏËáëáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, Ùï³Í»Éáõ Ó¨, Éáõë³Ýϳñã³Ï³Ý ËóÇÏÁ` ÙÇçáó. ¹³ áõÕÕ³ÏÇ Ï³å ¿ ÇÙ ËóÇÏÇ áõ ûµÛ»ÏïÇ Ñ»ï: ºÃ» ³Û¹ ϳåÁ ãϳ, áãÇÝã ãÇ ëï³óíÇ: ÆѳñÏ», ß³ï ϳñ¨áñ ¿ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÁ` ³ÛÝ ÇÝã ï»ëÝáõÙ »ë. ѻﳷ³ÛáõÙ ¹³ ï»ëÝáõÙ »Ý ß³ï Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ: ºë ëÇñáõÙ »Ù åñáó»ëÁ, Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ»ï ϳåÁ:
Nazik Armenakyan How did and does Armenia, with its nature, geographical location, political and economic image, past, present and perspectives, affect the content and looks of your art? Is there any particular country you’d prefer to live in and create? A few years ago, I thought it would be better to live and work in another country; nevertheless traveling and discovering new countries is a path to success for every photojournalist. Anyway, it is Armenia which I am most concerned with. When I was shooting photos for the photo project called “Survivors”, about the people who survived in Ottoman Turkey, from the Armenian Genocide, I understood one simple thing: I have far greater opportunities being inside my own country, and I am obliged to address the problems of my country by archiving Armenian history and time.
§ì»ñ³åñ³ÍÝ»ñ¦ “Survivors”
Do you ever share your concerns and fears, emotions, as a human being and as a woman living in Armenia, with the camera? Do you ever get rid of distress and uncertainty and get some portion of optimism through photography? Digital photographing seems to be a very mechanical exercise today: one takes the cam-
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²Ù»Ý³¹Åí³ñÇÝ å³Ñ»ñÇÝ »ë Éáõë³ÝÏñáõÙ »Ù, ÇÙ Éáõë³Ýϳñã³Ï³Ý ËóÇÏÁ ÙÇßï ÇÝÓ Ñ»ï ¿: ºë íëï³ÑáõÙ »Ù Ýñ³Ý, ÇëÏ Ý³ ÇÙ ³éç¨ Ýáñ ¹éÝ»ñ ¿ µ³óáõÙ: - ÀݹѳÝñ³å»ë ùá ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç DZÝã ï»Õ ¿ ѳïϳóí³Í å³Ï³ë ï»ë³Ý»ÉÇáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó (ûñ. ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï³Ù ¿ÃÝÇÏ ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ݳ¨ É»ëµáõÑÇ, µÇë»ùëáõ³É, ïñ³Ý뷻ݹ»ñ ϳݳÛù): - ²Ûëûñ ϳݳÛù, ³é³í»É ù³Ý »ñµ»ù, ³ÏïÇí »Ý, Ýñ³Ýù ÷áñÓáõÙ »Ý µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»É ß³ï ÑÇÙݳËݹÇñÝ»ñ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ѳí³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý, ÉdzñÅ»ùáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ºë, áñå»ë ÏÇÝ ýáïáÉñ³·ñáÕ, ÇѳñÏ» Ñ»ï³ùñùñí³Í »Ù ï³ñµ»ñ ϳݳÝó ï³ñ³µÝáõÛà ËݹÇñÝ»ñáí` û° ³½·³ÛÇÝ áõ ÏñáÝ³Ï³Ý ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, û° ѳïϳå»ë ï³ñµ»ñ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÝ»ñ áõÝ»óáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó:
era, visits the place, takes some pictures, and one has got a photo. Photographing for me is a dialogue, a manner of thinking, and the photo camera is the means – there is this connection between my photo camera and my object. If that connection isn’t there, nothing will work. Of course, the result – whatever you see - is highly important; many people will see that later. I enjoy the process, the connection with the people. I shoot photos in my toughest moments; my photo camera is always with me. I trust it, and it opens new doors for me. In general, what is the place given to women that have less visibility (e.g. national or ethnic minorities, as well as lesbian, bisexual, transgender women) in your art? Women are active today more than ever before; they try to utter many problems on violence, equality and wholeness. As a female photographer, I am of course interested in various issues concerning diverse women; both in national and religious minorities, and especially women having different sexual orientations.
üáïá³ñí»ëïÝ ÇÝãá±õ ¿ å»ïù: ƱÝã ¿ ¹³ Ù»½ ï³ÉÇë: ܳ½ÇÏ ²ñٻݳÏÛ³ÝÁ Ýϳñ³·ñ»ó ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ »Õ³Ý³Ï, áñáí ýáïá³ñí»ëïÝ û·ï³Ï³ñ ¿ Ù»½. • Èáõë³ÝϳñãáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ Ù³ëݳíáñ³å»ë ýáïáÉñ³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ û·ÝáõÙ »Ý í»ñÑ³Ý»É »ñÏñÇ ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ, • ´³ó³Ñ³Ûï»É ãµ³ó³Ñ³Ûïí³Í, ãËáëí³Í ûٳݻñÁ, • ì³í»ñ³·ñ»É Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ý»ñëÇó, »ñÏñÇ ËáñùÇó, • Öß·Çñï ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ï³ñ³Í»É, Ýå³ëï»É ï³µáõ ûٳݻñÇ ùÝݳñÏÙ³ÝÁ: ÆëÏ ²Ý³ÑÇï гÛñ³å»ïÛ³ÝÁ ¹ñ³Ý ³í»É³óÝáõÙ ¿ ³ÛÝ Ï³ñ¨áñ ÷³ëïÁ, áñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÷áñÓáõÙ »Ý ÇÝã-áñ Ó¨áí Ýå³ëï»É, û·Ý»É, ݳ¨ ½³Ý·³Ñ³ñáõÙ áõ û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝ »Ý ³é³ç³ñÏáõÙ: ²Û¹åÇëáí ýáïá³ñí»ëïÝ áõÕÇÕ Ó¨áí ¿ »ñµ»ÙÝ ³½¹áõÙ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ ÏÛ³Ýù»ñÇ íñ³` ÉáõÍ»Éáí áñáß ËݹÇñÝ»ñ ¨ Ýå³ëï»Éáí ï³ñµ»ñ ÑÇÙݳѳñó»ñÇ í»ñѳÝÙ³ÝÝ áõ ϳñ·³íáñÙ³ÝÁ:
What do we need photographing for? What’s the use? Nazik Armenakyan described some ways of the art of photography being helpful: • Photography and photojournalism in particular, help in uttering the issues existing inside the country, • To discover undiscovered, unspoken themes, • To document the reality from within the country, • To spread truthful pieces of information, to assist in discussing tabooed topics. And Anahit Hayrapetyan provides another important fact: people tend to assist, to help, they call and offer their hand. Thus, photographing sometimes affects peoples’ lives directly by solving some issues and by aiding in uttering and working various problems out.
ÆÝݳ ØËÇóñÛ³Ý
Inna Mkhitaryan
- à±ñÝ »ù ݳËÁÝïñáõÙ. ³ñí»ëï ѳÝáõÝ ³ñí»ëïDZ, ³ñí»ëï ѳÝáõÝ Ù³ñ¹ÏáõÃÛ³±Ý / ѳÛáõÃÛ³±Ý / ϳݳ±Ýó: ²ÛÉ ï³ñµ»ñ³±Ï: ÆÝãá±õ: -лï³ùñùÇñ ѳñó ¿… γñÍáõÙ »Ù ³Ù»Ý³×ÇßïÁ` ³ñí»ëï ѳÝáõÝ ³ñí»ëïÇ: ¶áõó» ÇÝùݳÝå³ï³Ï ¿ ÑÝãáõÙ, µ³Ûó »ñµ ³ñí»ëïÝ áõÕÕáõÙ »ë ѳÝáõÝ ÇÝã-áñ µ³ÝÇ, ³ñ¹»Ý, Ç٠ϳñÍÇùáí, ÏáÕÙÝ³Ï³É »ë ¹³ñÓÝáõÙ ³ñí»ëïÁ: ØÇßï Ýϳï»É »Ù ³ÛÝ ÷³ëïÁ, áñ, ÉÇÝÇ Ã»° »ñ³ÅßïáõÃÛáõÝ, û° ³ñí»ëïÇ ³ÛÉ ×ÛáõÕ, »ñµ ³ÛÝ ÇÝùݳµáõË ¿ ¨ áã ѳÝáõÝ ÇÝãáñ µ³ÝÇ, ¹³ ³Ù»Ý³×ÇßïÝ ¿ ¨ ³ÝÏ»ÕÍÁ: ºñµ áñ Ýå³ï³Ï ¹Ý»ë, ϳñáÕ ¿ §Ç¹»³É³Ï³Ý¦ ³ñí»ëïÁ ãÉÇÝÇ: ºñ¨Ç ¿¹å»ë… - ²ÏïÇ±í »ù ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ¨/ϳ٠ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ѳñóÏÝ»ñÇ íñ³: ÆÝãå»±ë »ù ¼»½ ½·áõÙ ³Û¹ï»Õ, Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÇÝãå»±ë »Ý í»ñ³µ»ñáõÙ: - êáódzɳϳÝáõÙ` ÙdzÝ߳ݳÏ: ø³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ѳñóÏáõÙ` áã: ÆÙ ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¿, áñ ³ÏïÇí ã»Ù, ã»Ù ÷áñÓ»É. ÇÝÓ Ñ³ñ³½³ï, ³í»ÉÇ Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ¨ û·ï³Ï³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ï»ë³ÝÏÛáõÝÇó ݳËÁÝïñ»ÉÇ »Ý ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ã»Ù³Ý»ñÁ: ì»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ Ñ»ï ϳåí³Í áñ¨¿ ËݹÇñ ã»Ù áõÝ»ó»É: γñÍáõÙ »Ù ë»ñݹ³ÏÇó ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ Éáõë³ÝϳñÇãÝ»ñÝ ³í»ÉÇ Ù»Í ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ ³éç¨ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ϳݷݻÉ, ù³Ý Ù»Ýù, áñáíÑ»ï¨ Ð³Û³ëï³Ýáõ٠ϳݳÝó ѳݹ»å Ùáï»óáõÙÁ ÙÇ ùÇã áõñÇß ¿` Ù»ÕÙ: γñáÕ »Ù ÑÇᯐ 2008Ç Ù³ñïÇÙ»ÏÛ³Ý ¹»åù»ñÁ` ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á ½³Ûñ³ó³Í, áëïÇϳÝÝ»ñÁ ½³Ûñ³ó³Í, ¨ Ù»çï»ÕáõÙ Ù»Ýù ¿ÇÝù: ²Û¹ ûñ»ñÇÝ ½·³óÇ,
What would you prefer: art in the name of art? Or art in the name of humanity/Armenians/women? Any other version? If so, why? It is an interesting question… I think the most right way would be art in the name of art. It may sound like an end in itself, but when one directs art onto something, then, in my opinion, one makes art partial. I’ve always noticed this fact, whether it be music or any other branch of art, when it is involuntary and not in the name of something, it is the most righteous and the most sincere one. If one puts a goal, s/he might not get the “ideal” art. Methinks this is the way it is…
§Ø»Í ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛáõݦ ²ñó³Ë, êï»÷³Ý³Ï»ñï 2011 “The Grand Wedding” Stepanakert, Artsakh 2011 Are you active in the social and political scene as well? How does it feel to be there? How do people react to your presence? I’m precisely active in the social scene. But not in the political one. It is by my own will that I am not active; I haven’t given it a try. Social themes are closer to my heart, more interesting and are more preferable in terms of their value. I haven’t experienced any difficulty regarding the attitude. I suspect male photographers of
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áñ ³Ûë ¹»åùáõÙ ÏÇÝ ÉÇÝ»ÉÝ ³é³í»ÉáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ. á°ã áëïÇϳÝÁ, á°ã ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á Ó»éù ã¿ÇÝ µ³ñÓñ³óÝáõÙ: ÆëÏ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ Éáõë³ÝϳñÇãÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÝ ³í»ÉÇ íï³Ý·³íáñ ¿ñ:
my generation face greater obstacles today than us, as the attitude toward women in Armenia is different, milder. I recall the incidents of the March 1 (2008): the people were angry, the police were angry, and there we were – in the middle of the picture. I felt at that time that being a woman was a privilege: neither police, nor people would touch us. The situation was far dangerous for male photographers back then.
ÆÝݳÛÇó Ëݹñ»óÇ, áñ áñå»ë Éáõë³ÝϳñÇã Ù»Ïݳµ³ÝÇ §·»Õ»óÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ï÷ñÏÇ ³ß˳ñÑÁ¦ ³ë³óí³ÍùÁ: ܳ å³ï³ë˳ݻó, áñ.
I’ve asked Inna to comment, as a photographer, on the following saying: “Beauty will save the world”. She responded that
¶»Õ»óÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ѳñ³µ»ñ³Ï³Ý ¿: ¶»Õ»óÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝϳÉáõÙÁ ï³ñµ»ñ ¿: úñÇÝ³Ï ·»Õ³ñí»ëï³Ï³Ý Éáõë³ÝϳñãáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ǹ»³É³Ï³Ý Ù³ñÙÇÝ Ï³Ù å»Û½³Å å³ïÏ»ñ»É ÷áñÓ»ÉÇë Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ï³ñÍáõÙ »Ý, áñ ¹³ ¿ ·»Õ»óÇÏÁ: ÆëÏ á±í ¿ ³ëáõÙ, áñ ÇÙ Ë»Õ×, ³Õù³ï, ÃáõÛÉ ÉáõÛëÇ ï³Ï Éáõë³Ýϳñí³Í ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ åáñïñ»ïÁ ãÇ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ë˳ÝáõÙ ³Û¹ ã³÷³ÝÇßÝ»ñÇÝ: ÆÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ã»Ù³Ý ß³ï ·»Õ»óÇÏ ¿: гñ³µ»ñ³Ï³Ý ÉÇÝ»ÉÁ »Ã» ÁݹáõÝ»Ýù áñå»ë ÑÇÙù, ÏѳٳӳÛÝí»Ù ³Û¹ ³ë³óí³ÍùÇ Ñ»ï: ´³Ûó ³Ù»Ý Ù³ñ¹áõ ѳٳñ ¹³ ï³ñµ»ñ ¿:
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“Beauty is relative. The perception of beauty varies. For instance, when people try to depict an ideal body or paysage, they think that is the beauty. And how come my portrait of a miserable, poor family under a feeble light is not up to these standards? Social theme is very beautiful to me. If we take into account the fact of relativity as a basis, then I will agree with that saying. But it adjusts from person to person.”
²Ý³ÑÇï гÛñ³å»ïÛ³Ý
Anahit Hayrapetyan
- ä³ï³Ñ»±É ¿, »ñµ Ýϳñ»ÉÇë ·áñÍ áõݻݳÉÇë Did it ever occur to you, when dealing with ÏÝáç Ñ»ï, ÇÝùÝ»ñ¹ Ò»½ ÝáõÛݳϳݳóÝ»ù women, that you would identify with her and Ýñ³ Ñ»ï, ¨ ³é³í»É áõÅ·ÇÝ Ó¨áí ÷áñÓ»ù would try to transmit her reality, feelings, ÷á˳Ýó»É Ýñ³ Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³åñáõÙ- emotions and life in more powerful way Ý»ñÁ, Ñá·»íÇ׳ÏÝ áõ ÏÛ³ÝùÁ: than usually? -ÆÝã ¿É Ýϳñ»ÉÇë ÉÇÝ»Ù, ÙÇçáíë ¿ ³ÝóÝáõÙ, I take it in like a sponge whatever I depict; it ëåáõÝ·Ç å»ë ù³ßáõÙ »Ù Ý»ñë: ÆÝãù³Ý ¿É just goes through me. No matter how hard I try ÷áñÓ»Ù ëáíáñ»É ÏáÕùÇó ݳۻÉ, ÙǨÝáõÛÝ ¿` to look at things from aside, it doesn’t work. Of ãÇ ëï³óíáõÙ: γݳÝó Ýϳñ»ÉÇë áõ Éë»ÉÇë, course, I sense otherwise when depicting and ÇѳñÏ», áõñÇß Ó¨ »Ù ¹³ ½·áõÙ: hearing women. ºñµ Ýñ³Ýù ËáëáõÙ »Ý »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇó, ϳ٠When they speak about children or chores, I Ï»Ýó³Õ³ÛÇÝ ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó, Ù³ßÏǹ feel it in my bones, as I live the same life. Someíñ³ »ë ¹³ ½·áõÙ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ÇÝù¹ ÝáõÛÝ ÏÛ³ÝùÝ times it’s disturbing; a bit of cool-heartedness »ë ³åñáõÙ: ºñµ»ÙÝ ¹³ ˳ݷ³ñáõÙ ¿, ÙÇ would do better in this case. Very often I come ùÇã ë³éݳëñïáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¿ë ¹»åù»ñáõÙ ·áõó» back with producing no photos at all, and then ³í»ÉÇ É³í ¿: Þ³ï Ñ³×³Ë áõÕÕ³ÏÇ Ñ»ï I understand I have turned into a social worker »Ù ·³ÉÇë ³é³Ýó áñ¨¿ Éáõë³ÝϳñÇ, Ñ»ïá which is not my duty in any way. ѳëϳÝáõÙ »Ù, áñ While viewing some í»ñ³Íí»É »Ù ëáódzɳof your works, I Ï³Ý ³ß˳ïáÕÇ, ÇÝãÁ caught myself on ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÇÙ å³ñï³clenching my lowϳÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ã¿: er lip between my - Ò»ñ áñáß ëï»Õͳteeth; some feel·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ¹Çing of empathy and ï»ÉÇë ÇÝÓ µéÝ»óÇ compassion origi³ÛÝ µ³ÝÇ íñ³, áñ nated inside me, ëïáñÇÝ ßñÃáõÝùë especially when ³ï³ÙÝ»ñÇë ³ñ³Ýseeing socially vulùáõÙ ¿Ç ë»ÕÙ»É. Ùáïë nerable individuals ³é³ç³ó»É ¿ñ ϳñ»Ïand the conditions ó³ÝùÇ ½·³óáõÙ, ëÁñthey lived in. What ï³ó³íáõÃÛáõÝ, ѳïemotions would ϳå»ë ëáódzɳå»ë you like to arise ³Ý³å³Ñáí Ù³ñ¹in the heart of the ϳÝó ¨ Ýñ³Ýó Ï»Ýbeholder through ë³å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ï»ëyour art? Ý»ÉÇë: ÆëÏ ¸áõù Ò»ñ These conditions ³ñí»ëïÇ ÙÇçáóáí are not foreign to DZÝã ÑáõÛ½»ñ Ïó³Ýour generation. I ofϳݳÛÇù ³ñÃݳóÝ»É ten visit villages. Me ³é³Ýó Ù»Ïݳµ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¹Çïáñ¹Ç ëñïáõÙ: myself, I have gone no comment - Ø»ñ ë»ñݹÇÝ ³Û¹ù³Ý through all that and
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Ëáñà ã»Ý ³Û¹ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ: Þ³ï »Ù ÉÇÝáõÙ ·ÛáõÕ»ñáõÙ: ²Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÇ ÙÇçáí »ë ¿É »Ù ³Ýó»É, áõ ¹³ ãÇ Ï³ñáÕ ã»ñ¨³É Éáõë³ÝϳñÝ»ñáõÙ: ØÇÝ㨠¹áõ ÇÝù¹ ãÍÝݹ³µ»ñ»ë, ÇÝãù³Ý ¿É í³é »ñ¨³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõݻݳë, ã»ë å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝÇ, û ÇÝã ¿ ¹³: üáïáÉñ³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙÇ ùÇã ѳëáõÝ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áõ å³ï³Ñ³Ï³Ý ã¿, áñ ÇÙ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇó ß³ï»ñÁ, »ë ¿É, ÙÇ áõñÇß Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÇó »Ýù ³Ýó»É ýáïáÉñ³·ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ³Ù»Ý Ù»ÏÁ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ áñáß³ÏÇ ÷áñÓ Ïáõï³Ï»Éáõó Ñ»ïá: ¸³ ݳ¨ ÙÇ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áñÁ ÃáõÛÉ ¿ ï³ÉÇë í»ñóÝ»É Ý³¨ Ñ»ñáëÝ»ñǹ ÷áñÓÁ, Ýñ³Ýó áõñ³ËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ¹Åµ³ËïáõÃÛáõÝÁ` ³åñ»Éáí Ýñ³Ýó ÏÛ³Ýùáí:
that could not be avoided to be seen in the photography. No matter how rich your imagination is, you will not be able to imagine what it’s like to give birth as long as you don’t do it yourself. Photojournalism is sort of a mature profession, and it is not surprising that many of my friends, me including, have come to photographing from a distinct profession; each of us did so after accumulating some amount of life experience. It is also a kind of profession that allows you to get the experience, joys and misfortunes of your heroes by living their lives.
²ß˳ñÑÇ Ñݳ·áõÛÝ ýá ïáËóÇÏÁ World’s oldest photo ca mera
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ܳ½ÇÏÁ ÷³ëïáõÙ ¿, áñ ³ß˳ï»É ¿ í»ñÑ³Ý»É ï³ñµ»ñ ϳݳÝó í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñ, ûñ.` ºÑáí³ÛÇ íϳ, ³Õù³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ³åñáÕ ¨ ³ÛÉ Ï³Ý³Ûù: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Çñ ³é³í»É Ñ»ï³ùÝÝ³Í ¨ ¹»é¨ë ß³ñáõݳÏíáÕ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ ï³ñµ»ñ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÝ»ñ ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ ÇÝùÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ (É»ëµáõÑÇÝ»ñ, ïñ³Ý뷻ݹ»ñÝ»ñ) áõÝ»óáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ ¿: ÆëÏ ²Ý³ÑÇïÁ å³ïÙáõÙ ¿, áñ ÑÇÙ³ ¿É å³ïÏ»ñáõÙ ¿ ϳݳÝó Ýϳïٳٵ ϳï³ñí³Í µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, ¨ ³éѳë³ñ³Ï »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ áõݻݳÉáõó Ñ»ïá ³í»ÉÇ áõ ³í»ÉÇ §Ï³Ý³óǦ »Ý ¹³éÝáõÙ Çñ Ùïù»ñÁ: ÆÝùÁ, ÉÇÝ»Éáí ³Ûë ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇ Ù³ë, ³í»ÉÇ áõ ³í»ÉÇ ¿ ѳëϳÝáõ٠ϳݳÝó ÏÛ³ÝùÇ µ³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñÁ, ³Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÇ ÙÇçáí ÇÝùÝ ¿É ¿ ³ÝóÝáõÙ: ÆÝÝ³Ý ¿É Ýϳñ³·ñáõÙ ¿ Çñ ³Ù»Ý³Ã³ñÙ Íñ³·ÇñÁ: Ðݹϳëï³ÝáõÙ Éáõë³ÝϳñáõÙ ¿ñ ³Ù»Ý³ëïáñÇÝ Ï³ëï³ÛÇ ³Õù³ï ϳݳÝó: îå³íáñí»É ¿ñ êáõÝÇï³ ³ÝáõÝáí ÙÇ ³ÕçݳÏ, áñ í»ó ³Ùë³Ï³Ý ÑÕÇ íÇ׳ÏáõÙ ³Ý³Ý³ëÝ»ñ ¿ñ ·ÉËÇ íñ³ ³ÍáõÙ ¨ í³×³éáõÙ:
Nazik states that she was trying to address various topics a propos women; e.g. witnesses of Jehovah, women living in poverty, etc. But the project of hers which she has been investigating the most and which is still ongoing is about women with different sexual orientations and experiencing different gender identities (lesbians, transgender). And Anahit says that she now depicts violence committed against women, and, in general, after having babies, her thoughts become more and more “feminine”. Being a part of this society, she understands the harshness and limitations of the lives of women in a better way; she herself goes through it. Inna is describing her most recent project. She was shooting the poorest women of the lower cast in India. She was impressed by a girl named Sounita who was pregnant for six months and was selling pineapples, carrying them on her head.
§Ø³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ýϳñ»ÉÁ ÙÇ µ³Ý ¿: Ø»Ï ³ÛÉ µ³Ý ¿ ÙÛáõëÝ»ñÇÝ Ýñ³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ Ùï³Í»É ëïÇå»ÉÁ` µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»Éáí Ýñ³Ýó Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáñǽÁ¦: äáÉ êïñ»Ý¹
“It is one thing to photograph people. It is another to make others care about them by revealing the core of their humanness.” Paul Strand
§Î³ù ÙdzÛÝ ¹áõ ¨ ï»ë³ËóÇϹ: Üϳñǹ ÙÇçÇ ë³Ñٳݳ÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñÁ ¹áõ »ë, ù³Ý½Ç Ù»Ýù ³ÛÝ »Ýù, ÇÝãÁ áñ ï»ëÝáõÙ »Ýù¦: ¾ñÝëï г³ë
“There is only you and your camera. The limitations in your photography are in yourself, for what we see is what we are.” Ernst Haas
ê¨³Ï ÎÇñ³ÏáëÛ³Ý
Sevak Kirakosyan
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Ñ»ñáë hero
²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³Ý Amalya Kostanyan
ÌÝí»É ¿` 10 Ù³ñïÇ 1960Ã.
Born in March 10, 1960
1981Ã. ³í³ñï»É ¿ ºäÐ-Ç Ï»Ýë³µ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ý³ÏáõÉï»ïÁ, 1990Ã. ëï³ó»É ¿ Ï»Ýë³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ã»ÏݳÍáõÇ ·Çï³Ï³Ý ³ëïÇ׳Ý, 1996Ã. ³í³ñï»É ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³Ù»ñÇÏÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÁ` ëï³Ý³Éáí ù³Õ³ù³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù³·ÇëïñáëÇ ÏáãáõÙ: 2000Ã. ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³·ÇëïñáëÇ ÏáãáõÙ ¿ ëï³ó»É ²ØÜ-Ç ¸ÛáõùÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ:
In 1981 she graduated from the Faculty of Biology of YSU, received a degree for biological sciences candidate in 1990, graduated from the American University of Armenia and received a master’s degree in political science and international relations in 1996, in 2000 she received a master’s degree on international development policy in Duke University, USA.
2000Ã. ѳٳËáÑÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ÙdzëÇÝ ëï»ÕÍ»É ¿ §î³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Ï»Ýïñáݦ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÁ 2001Ã. ÑáÏï»Ùµ»ñÇÝ ¹³ñÓ»É ¿ §Âñ³Ýë÷³ñ»ÝëÇ ÆÝûñÝ»ßÝɦ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ï³ÏáéáõåóÇáÝ ß³ñÅÙ³Ý Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÁ: ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ٳѳó»É ¿` 30 ë»åï»Ùµ»ñÇ 2010Ã.
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In 2000, together with stakeholders she founded “Center for Regional Development” NGO, which became the Armenian official representative of “Transparency International” international anti-corruption movement in 2001. Amalyan Kostanyan died in September 30, 2010
Ø»ñ Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ùÇã ã»Ý ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ Çñ»Ýó ³Ý·Ý³Ñ³ï»ÉÇ Ñ»ïùÝ »Ý ÃáÕ»É ÇÝãå»ë ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ó¨³íáñÙ³Ý ¨ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý íñ³, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É Çñ»Ýó Ï»Ýë³Ï»ñåáí ¨ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ùµ, ѳٳñÓ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¨ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³éç¨ ëï³ÝÓÝ³Í å³ï³ë˳ݳïíáõÃÛ³Ùµ ûñÇÝ³Ï »Ý ¹³ñÓ»É ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý áÉáñïáõÙ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝÙ³Ý ¨ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÙ³Ý, ϳñ¨áñ³·áõÛÝ Ñ³ñó»ñÇ µ³ñÓñ³Ó³ÛÝÙ³Ý, Ñ»ï¨áճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÜÙ³ÝûñÇÝ³Ï Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó ¿ ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÁ, áí Çñ ͳí³É³Í ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ùµ Ýå³ï³Ï áõÝ»ñ Ýå³ëï»Éáõ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý, ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý µ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ µ³ñ»Ýå³ëï ÙÃÝáÉáñïÇ Ó¨³íáñÙ³ÝÁ, ³ç³Ïó»Éáõ ó÷³ÝóÇÏ áõ ѳßí»ïíáÕ³Ï³Ý Ï³é³í³ñÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Ç ϳ۳óÙ³ÝÁ ¨ ËóݻÉáõ ÅáÕáíñ¹³í³ñ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÝ»ñÁ, ³Û¹ ÃíáõÙ` Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ »ñÏñÇ Ï³é³í³ñÙ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ: ò³íáù, ³Ûëûñ Ù»Ýù ³ñ¹»Ý ³ÝóÛ³É Å³Ù³Ý³Ïáí »Ýù ËáëáõÙ Ýñ³ Ù³ëÇÝ, µ³Ûó ¨ ÑÇßáõÙ áñå»ë Ñ»ñáë ¨ Ñݳñ³íáñ áõÕ»óáõÛó: ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ ³Ûëûñ ÑÇßáõÙ »Ý ß³ï»ñÁ` û° ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ, û° ³ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ, û° ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÏïÇíÇëïÝ»ñÁ ¨ ß³ï-ß³ï ³ÛÉ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ: ò³íáí »Ù ÝßáõÙ, áñ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ã»Ù áõÝ»ó»É ÇÝùë ׳ݳã»É ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ, Ýñ³ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³ÝÁ, µ³Ûó ßáÝñÑÇí Ýñ³ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ` ȳñÇë³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÇ, ì³ñáõÅ³Ý ÐáÏï³ÝÛ³ÝÇ, ²í»ïÇù Æß˳ÝÛ³ÝÇ »ë ϳñáÕ³ó³ ÇÝãå»ë ͳÝáÃ³Ý³É ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÇ Í³í³É³Í ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ³ÛÝ Ñ³ñáõëï ųé³Ý·áõÃÛ³ÝÁ, áñ ݳ ÃáÕ»É ¿ Ù»½ ³Ûëûñ: §²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý ß³ï å³Ûͳé, ï³ñµ»ñíáÕ, Ñ»ï³ùÁñùñí³Í, ¿Ý»ñ·»ïÇÏ, áõñ³Ë Ù³ñ¹ ¿ñ: ܳ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó ã¿ñ, áñ Ùï³ÍáõÙ ¿ñ` ³í»ÉÇ Éáõñç ¹»Ùùáí ϳñáÕ »Ý ѳí³ÏÝ»É Éáõñç ѳçáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ: ܳ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ å³ñ½, Ù³ïã»ÉÇ, Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ¨ µ³ó ³ÝÓݳíáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ: â¿ñ í³Ë»ÝáõÙ Çñ ϳñÍÇùÝ ³ñï³Ñ³Ûï»Éáõó, áñáíÑ»ï¨ ³ÛÝ ÑÇÙݳíáñ ¿ñ ¨ ÙÇßï áõÝ»ÝáõÙ ¿ñ ѳϳ÷³ëï³ñÏÝ»ñ¦,- ³Ûëå»ë ¿ ÑÇßáõÙ ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ È³ñÇë³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÁ: ÆëÏ ì³ñáõÅ³Ý ÐáÏï³ÝÛ³ÝÝ ³ëáõÙ ¿. §²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý Ë»É³óÇ, µ³ÝÇÙ³ó, áõÅ»Õ ³ÝÓݳíáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ, Çñ»ñÇÝ Ï³ñáÕ³ÝáõÙ ¿ñ Ý³Û»É ß³ï ëó÷, É³í ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõÙ ¿ñ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ¦: §²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý ³ÛÝ »½³ÏÇ Ï³Ý³óÇó ¿ñ, áí ûÅïí³Í
In our reality, there’s no lack of people, who left their priceless trace as for the formation and development of civil society, but also with their lifestyle and activities, courage and responsibility undertaken in front of the society became an example of initiating and implementing changes in the sphere of civil society, for raising the most important issues and being consistent. Amalya Kostanyan was one of such people, who with the activities she held, aimed to contribute to the creation of favorable atmosphere for the formation of political, economical and social reforms, to support the establishment of transparent and accountable governance system and to promote democratic processes, including the protection of human rights and public participation in the government of the country. Unfortunately, today we talk about her in past form, but we remember her as a hero and a possible guide. Many people remember Amalya Kostanyan today: both friends, coworkers, civil society activists and many many other people. I’m sorry to say that I didn’t have a chance to get to know Amalya Kostanyan and her activities personally, but with the help of her friends Larisa Minasyan, Varuzhan Hoktanyan and Avetik Ishkhanyan, I managed to get acquainted with the activities that Amalya Kostanyan held, as well as with the rich herritage that she left for us today. “Amalya was a very bright, different, interesting, energetic and happy person. She was not one of those people who would think that with a more serious face they can claim serious success. She was a much more simple, accessible, interesting and open personality. She was not afraid of expressing her opinion, because it was consistent and she always had counterarguments”, this is how Larisa Minasyan remembers Amalya Kostanyan. And Varuzhan Hoktanyan says “Amalya was a smart, intelligent, a strong person, who could see things in a very sober way and had a good assessment approach of the situation”. “Amalya was a unique woman, who had an extraordinary woman charm, which didn’t hinder her to be utter concerned, emotional, very active. It seemed that she was not despairing, inexhaustible public figure. Amalya always raised urgent problems of society concerning environmental protection, urban development and human rights. It was surprising, that she got involved in Political Prisoners Defense Council since 2006. Amalya had a big influence on
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¿ñ ϳݳóÇ ³ñï³Ï³ñ· ÑÙ³Ûùáí, ÇÝãÁ µáÉáñáíÇÝ ã¿ñ ˳ݷ³ñáõÙ ÉÇÝ»É í»ñÇÝ ³ëïÇ׳ÝÇ Ùï³Ñá·í³Í, ½·³óÙáõÝù³ÛÇÝ, ß³ï ³ÏïÇí: îå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³ÛÝåÇëÇÝ ¿ñ, áñ ݳ ãÑáõë³Ñ³ïíáÕ, ãÑá·ÝáÕ Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇã ¿ñ: ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý Ùßï³å»ë µ³ñÓñ³óÝáõÙ ¿ñ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ Ññ³ï³å ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ` ¨° µÝ³å³Ñå³Ý³Ï³Ý, ¨° ù³Õ³ù³ßÇÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ¨° Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇÝ ³éÝãíáÕ: ¼³ñٳݳÉÇ ¿ñ ³ÛÝ, áñ ¹»é¨ë 2006 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó ݳ Ý»ñ·ñ³íí»ó ù³Õµ³Ýï³ñÏÛ³ÉÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ËáñÑÁñ¹áõÙ: ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý ÇÙ íñ³ ¿É Ù»Í ³½¹»óáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ÃáÕ»É, »ñµ »ë Ñá·Ý»É »Ù áñáß Ñ³ñó»ñÇó, µ³Ûó ݳ Ùßï³å»ë Éñ³óáõóÇã ¿Ý»ñ·Ç³ ¿ ѳÕáñ¹»É: ²Ù³ÉÛ³ÛÇ Ù³ÑÁ Ù»½ ѳٳñ Ù»Í Ïáñáõëï ¿. ݳ ϳñ¨áñ ѳٻÙáõÝù ¿ñ, ³Õ ¿ñ Ù»½ ѳٳñ, áñÁ å³Ï³ë»ó Ù»ñ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÇó¦,-³ëáõÙ ¿ ²í»ïÇù Æß˳ÝÛ³ÝÁ: §ÆëÏ áñå»ë ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÏïÇíÇëï` ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó ¿ñ, áñ ϳñáÕ³ó³í ÇÝãå»ë Ù»Í ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝ Í³í³É»É, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ÷á÷áË»É ³ÏïÇíǽÙÇ ã³÷³ÝÇßÝ»ñÁ` µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Éáí Ñ»ï³ùñùñí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý, ϳٳíáñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ÑÇÙݳËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ ÉáõÍÙ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ¦,- ÝßáõÙ ¿ ȳñÇë³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÁ: §Þ³ï Ñ»ï¨áÕ³Ï³Ý Ù³ñ¹ ¿ñ ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý. ÉÇÝáõÙ »Ý Ñ³×³Ë Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ï³Ù Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ¨ë µ³ñÓñ³óÝáõÙ »Ý ß³ï ϳñ¨áñ, ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ Ññ³ï³å ËݹÇñÝ»ñ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ñ»ï³Ùáõï ã»Ý ÉÇÝáõÙ ¹ñ³Ýó ÉáõÍÙ³ÝÁ, ÇëÏ ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý µáÉáñ ѳñó»ñáõÙ ß³ï Ñ»ï¨áÕ³Ï³Ý ¿ñ: ¸ñ³Ý Ýå³ëïáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ý³¨ Çñ ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ѳïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÁ` Éǹ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåã³Ï³Ý ÓÇñùÁ, Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó` Çñ ·³Õ³÷³ñÝ»ñÇ ßáõñç ѳٳËÙµ»Éáõ ϳñáÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ¦,- ÝßáõÙ ¿ ²í»ïÇù Æß˳ÝÛ³ÝÁ: Àëï ì³ñáõÅ³Ý ÐáÏï³ÝÛ³ÝÇ` §ãÝ³Û³Í Ýñ³Ý, áñ ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý Ý»ñ·ñ³íí³Í ¿ñ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý ³ÏïÇíǽÙÇ ï³ñµ»ñ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ, ³ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí Ýñ³ ûñ³Ï³ñ·Ç ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ù³ëÝ ¿ñ ϳ½ÙáõÙ ÐÐ-áõÙ ÏáéáõåódzÛÇ ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñÁ: î³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùáõÙ Ýñ³Ý ѳçáÕí»ó ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ëï»ÕÍ»É ·³Õ³÷³ñ³Ï³Ý å³ïÏ»ñ³óáõÙ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ ¨ ¹ñ³ µ³ó³ë³Ï³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ. ¨° ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñÁ, ¨° ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ³ÛÉ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ¨° Çß˳ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ëÏë»óÇÝ Ëáë»É ÏáéáõåódzÛÇó, ùÝݳñÏ»É »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ ¨ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ Ýí³½»ó-
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me also, when I was tired of certain issues, she always passed me additional energy. Amalya’s death is a big loss for us: she was an important spice, a salt for us which lessened from our society,” says Avetik Ishkhanyan. “And as a civil society activist Amalya was one of those people, who was as able to launch big activities, as well as to change the standards of activism by raising the importance of interest, volunteerism and participation in solving public problems” mentions Larisa Minasyan.
“Amalya was a very consistent person: often there are people or organizations that also raise very important, urgent problems for the society but they don’t pursue their solutions, but Amalya was steady in all cases. It was contributed by her individual characteristics as well: leadership, organizational talent, ability to unite people around her ideas” says Avetik Ishkhanyan. According to Varuzhan Hoktanyan, “despite the fact that Amalya was involved in civic activism in various fields, however, the main part of her agenda was the fight against corruption in RA. Over the years she managed to create an ideological picture of the phenomenon in the society and its negative manifestations: both citizens and other non-governmental organizations, and authorities began to talk about corruption, to discuss the phenomenon and the actions needed to eliminate it”. Larisa Minasyan mentions, “Another contribution by Amalya Kostanyan was that she managed to bring a new quality in dialogue and debate in our society. The other feature was that she didn’t put in front of her the issues that she could solve herself, but she defined the issues intellectually, by claiming the
Ù³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ·áñÍáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ¦: §²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÇ ³ÛÉ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñÇó ¿ñ ݳ¨ ³ÛÝ,- ³ëáõÙ ¿ ȳñÇë³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÁ,- áñ ݳ ϳñáÕ³ó³í Ù»ñ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ¹Ç³Éá·Ç ¨ ¹»µ³ïÇ Ýáñ áñ³Ï µ»ñ»É: ØÛáõë ³é³ÝÓݳѳïÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿É ³ÛÝ ¿ñ, áñ ݳ áã û Çñ ³éç¨ ¹ÝáõÙ ¿ñ ³ÛÝ ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ϳñáÕ ¿ñ ÉáõÍ»É, ³ÛÉ ÇÝï»É»Ïïáõ³É Ï»ñåáí ¿ñ ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙ ËݹÇñÝ»ñÁ` ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í ËݹñÇÝ Ñ³í³ÏÝ»Éáí ¨ Ùßï³å»ë ·áñÍ»Éáí¦: §²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ ¿ñ г۳ëï³ÝÁ ï»ëÝ»É áñå»ë ÙÇ »ñÏÇñ, áñï»Õ ÏáéáõåódzÛÇ Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ ÏÉÇÝ»ñ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ó³Íñ: Üñ³ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ Ýå³ï³Ï ¿ñ Çñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ùµ óáõÛó ï³É, áñ å»ïù ¿ ÷áËí»Ý å»ïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñÁ ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï Ù³ëßﳵݻñáí, å»ïù ¿ ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ûñ»ÝùÝ ³ß˳ïÇ: ¸ñ³Ý »Ýù Ó·ïáõ٠ݳ¨ Ù»Ýù¦,³ëáõÙ ¿ ì³ñáõÅ³Ý ÐáÏï³ÝÛ³ÝÁ: §¼³ñٳݳÉÇ, ¨ ÙǨÝáõÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ß³ï áÕçáõÝ»ÉÇ ¿ñ Ýñ³` Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ѳٳËÙµ»Éáõ ϳñáÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Æñ µÝáõÛÃáí ²Ù³ÉÛ³Ý Ñ³×áÛ³Ëáë ã¿ñ, ß³ï ѳñó»ñáõÙ ÏïñáõÏ ¿ñ ¨ ϳﻷáñÇÏ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ áã ³Û¹ù³Ý ÏáÙåñáÙÇë³ÛÇÝ, µ³Ûó Ýñ³ ³Û¹ ѳïϳÝÇßÝ»ñÁ áã û í³ÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ýñ³ÝÇó, ³ÛÉ Ñ³Ù³ËÙµáõÙ Çñ ³ñÅ»ùÝ»ñÇ, ͳí³É³Í ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ßáõñç, á·¨áñáõÙ ß³ï»ñÇÝ, ÇëÏ ³Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÁ ݳ ³ÝáõÙ ¿ñ Ù»Í Ñ³í³ïáí ¨ ÝíÇñáõÙáí¦,- ÑÇßáõÙ ¿ ȳñÇë³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÁ: ²Ûëûñ µáÉáñÁ ó³íáí ¨ ³ñóáõÝùÝ»ñáí »Ý ËáëáõÙ ²Ù³ÉÛ³ Îáëï³ÝÛ³ÝÇ ÏáñëïÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ܳ ã³÷³½³Ýó ßáõï Ñ»é³ó³í ÏÛ³ÝùÇó` Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ãï»ëÝ»Éáí ³ÛÝ »ñÏÇñÁ, áñï»Õ ݳ ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ ¿ñ ³åñ»É: ÆëÏ ³Ù»Ý³í»ñçáõÙ ²í»ïÇù Æß˳ÝÛ³ÝÁ ѳí»ÉáõÙ ¿. §ÆÝãáõ± Ù»½ Éù»óÇñ, ²Ù³ÉÛ³ °¦: гñó³½ñáõÛóÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ѳïáõÏ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ` ȳñÇë³ ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÇÝ - §´³ó ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÝ»ñ - г۳ëï³ÝǦ ·áñͳ¹Çñ ïÝûñ»Ý ì³ñáõÅ³Ý ÐáÏï³ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ - §Âñ³Ýë÷³ñ»ÝëÇ ÇÝûñÝ»ßÝɦ ѳϳÏáéáõåóÇáÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ Ñ³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý Ù³ëݳ×ÛáõÕÇ ·áñͳ¹Çñ ïÝûñ»Ý ²í»ïÇù Æß˳ÝÛ³ÝÇÝ - §Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ñ»ÉëÇÝÏÛ³Ý ÏáÙÇï»Ç¦ ݳ˳·³Ñ Üí³ñ¹ سñ·³ñÛ³Ý
biggest issues and by permanently acting”. “Amalya Kostanyan wanted to see Armenia as a country where the level of corruption would be quite low. Her life goal was to demonstrate further the need to change the state, society, citizens in a larger scale, the law should function in the society. We also strive for it”, says Varuzhan Hoktanyan. “Her ability to unite people was surprising and at the same time praiseworthy. With her nature Amalya was not giving much compliments, in many questions she was sharp and categorical, as well as not so much compromising, but these features did not eject people from her, but united them over her values, activities, encouraged many, and she did it all with a big faith and devotion”, remembers Larisa Minasyan.
Today everybody is talking with pain and tears about the loss of Amalya Kostanyan. She passed away too soon and didn’t really see the country where she wanted to live in. And in last Avetik Ishkhanyan adds: “Why did you leave us, Amalya?” Special thanks for the interview to: Larisa Minasyan - Executive Director of Open Society Foundations - Armenia. Varuzhan Hoktanyan - Executive Director of Transparency International Anti-corruption Center’s Armenian branch Avetik Ishkhanyan - Chairman at Helsinki Committee of Armenia Nvard Margaryan
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׳ݳå³ñÑáñ¹ traveler
6 ³ÙÇë г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ 6 Months in Armenia
سñïÇ 20-ÇÝ Éñ³ó³í 6 ³ÙÇë ³ÛÝ ûñÇó, »ñµ »ë ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù »Ï³ ºñ¨³Ý: ÐÇÙ³ ϳñÍ»ë ³Ýѳí³ï³ÉÇ, ¨ ÙǨÝáõÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³é³í»É ¹Åí³ñ ¿ ÑÇß»ÉÁ ³ÛÝ ³Ù»ÝÁ, ÇÝã »ë ½·³óÇ ³Ûë ÁÝóóùáõÙ: ØÇÝã ׳ݳå³ñÑáñ¹»ÉÁ »ë Ùï³Ñá·í³Í ¿Ç ³ÛÝ µ³ÝÇ ßáõñç, áñ ³Ûëï»Õ »ë ÏÁݹáõÝí»Ù áñå»ë ûï³ñ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ÏåÇï³Ï³íáñí»Ù áñå»ë §ë÷Ûáõéù³Ñ³Û¦: ºë í³Ë»ÝáõÙ ¿Ç í³ï ѳÕáñ¹³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÇó, Ùï³ÍáÕáõÃÛ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÇó, ï³ñµ»ñ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ¨ ѳ·áõëï Ïñ»Éáõó, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ³Ýѳݷëï³ÝáõÙ ¿Ç, áñ ÇÙ ³Ù»ñÇÏÛ³Ý ëï³ÙáùëÁ ÁݹáõÝ³Ï ãÇ ÉÇÝÇ ¹ÇÙ³Ï³Û»É ëÝݹÇÝ ¨ çñÇÝ: âÝ³Û³Í ÇÙ µáÉáñ Ùï³í³ËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ` »ë »Ï³ ³Ûëï»Õ ³é³Ýó ³ÏÝϳÉÇùÝ»ñÇ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ã¿Ç ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ áõÝ»Ý³É Ñݳñ³íáñ ѳÙá½ÙáõÝùÝ»ñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, û ÇÝãå»ë ÏÉÇÝÇ ³Ù»Ý ÇÝã: ´³Ûó ϳñÍáõÙ »Ù, áñ »ë µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ É³í ³ß˳ï³Ýù ϳï³ñ»óÇ: ºë ÏɳݻóÇ ³Ûë Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÁ ³ÛÝù³Ý µ³ó Ùïùáí,
On March 20th it was 6 months since I first came to Yerevan. It’s hard to believe now and even harder to try and remember everything I’ve experienced. I started off my journey worrying that I would be considered an outsider and immediately and damningly labeled “diasporan.” I was afraid of poorly communicating, thinking differently, looking and dressing differently, and even afraid that my American stomach would not be able to handle the food and water. Despite my misgivings, I came here with no expectations, and tried not to have any prior beliefs about what it would be like. I think I did a pretty
áñù³Ý ϳñáÕ ¿Ç. »ë ϳñáÕ³ó³ ³ñѳٳñÑ»É ³ÛÝ Ï³Ý³Ýó ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, áõÙ Ùáï ÇÙ ë÷Ûáõéù³Ñ³Û ÉÇÝ»ÉÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó ³ãù ͳÏáÕ ¿ñ ¨ Ï»ÝïñáÝ³ó³ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó íñ³, áíù»ñ ó³ÝϳÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ÇÝÓ ÇÝã-áñ µ³Ý ëáíáñ»óÝ»É Ï³Ù, ÇÝãáõ ã¿, ëáíáñ»É ÇÝÓÝÇó: ºë ³Ûëï»Õ ѳݹÇå»óÇ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó, áíù»ñ ã»Ý ѳ·ÝáõÙ µ³ñÓñ³ÏñáõÝÏ ÏáßÇÏÝ»ñ ¨ ã»Ý ßå³ñíáõÙ ³Ù»Ý ûñ: îÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, áíù»ñ ѳ·ÝáõÙ »Ý í³ñ¹³·áõÛÝ ß³åÇÏÝ»ñ: гݹÇå»óÇ Ý³¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, áíù»ñ áõÝ»Ý »ñϳñ Ù³½»ñ ¨ ϳݳÝó, áíù»ñ áõÝ»Ý Ï³ñ× Ù³½»ñ: سñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ Ñå³ñï »Ý, áñ ͳé³ÛáõÙ »Ý µ³Ý³ÏáõÙ` å³ßïå³Ý»Éáí Çñ»Ýó ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ: ºë ÏÉÇݻ٠³ñ¹³ñ, ѳݹÇå»óÇ Ý³¨ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, áíù»ñ Çëϳå»ë ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ÝáõÙ »Ý ³ÛÝ í³ï ϳñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÇÝ, áñáÝó Ù³ëÇÝ »ñµ¨¿ Éë»É ¿Ç, µ³Ûó Ýñ³Ýù ã»Ý ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áõÙ ·áñÍáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ å»ïù ¿ µ»ñ»Ý ¹ñ³Ï³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ³å³·³ÛÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÆÙ µáÉáñ ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ ¨ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÁ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ¹³ñÓñÇÝ ÇÙ ÏÛ³ÝùÝ ³ÝÙáé³Ý³ÉÇ: ºë ³Ûëï»Õ áã ÙdzÛÝ Ñ³Ý¹Çå»óÇ µÝÇÏ Ñ³Û»ñÇ, ³ÛÉ Ý³¨ ÇÝÓ ÝÙ³Ý ß³ï ³ÛÉ ë÷Ûáõéù³Ñ³Û»ñÇ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ͳÛñ»ñÇó, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ áã ³Û¹ù³Ý ß³ï áã ѳۻñÇ` ßí»¹Ý»ñ, ¹³ÝdzóÇÝ»ñ, ³íëïñdzóÇÝ»ñ, áíù»ñ ÇÝÓ ÝÙ³Ý ·Çï³ÏóáõÙ ¿ÇÝ, áñ ÇÝãå»ë å»ïù ¿ áñáß µ³Ý»ñ ï³Ý, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ëáíáñ»Ý г۳ëï³ÝÇó: ²ß˳ï»Éáí öÆÜø-áõÙ` »ë Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ó³ Ù³ëݳÏó»Éáõ ·»Ý¹»ñÇÝ ¨ ѳí³ë³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ í»ñ³µ»ñíáÕ ¹³ëÁÝóóÇ, áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³Ý»É ¨ ·ñ»É Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñ ïå³·ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ, Ù³ëݳÏó»É ÒƲÐ-Ç Ñ³Ù³Ë³ñѳÛÇÝ ûñí³Ý ÝíÇñí³Í »ñÃÇÝ` µ³Å³Ý»Éáí ÃéáõóÇÏÝ»ñ, áñáÝù, Ñáõëáí »Ù, Çñ»Ýó ÁÝûñóáÕÇÝ ¹³ñÓñÇÝ ³í»ÉÇ ï»Õ»Ï³óí³Í, ÁݹѳÝáõñ ³éٳٳµ ³Ù»ÝûñÛ³ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ó³ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»óáÕ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý ³ÏïÇíǽÙÇÝ: ²Ù»ÝÇó ³í»ÉÇÝ, »ë ëáíáñ»óÇ, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÝ ³ÛÝ ã¿, ÇÝã »ë å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝáõÙ ¿Ç, áñ å»ïù ¿ ÉÇÝÇ, ¨ ß³ï ¹»åù»ñáõÙ ³ÛÝ ÙÇÉÇáÝ ³Ý·³Ù ³í»ÉÇ É³íÝ ¿: ê³ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³×Ç ï»Õ ¿: ØÇÝ㨠ÐáõÝÇëÇ í»ñç ³Ûëï»Õ ³åñ»ÉÝ ÇÝÓ ïËñ»óÝáõÙ ¿, µ³Ûó »ë ·Çï»Ù, áñ í»ñ³¹³é³Éáõ »Ù ³í»ÉÇáí:
good job. I absorbed the culture with as much of an open mind as I could; I ignored the staring men and women to whom it was obvious that I am “diasporan” and focused on the ones who wanted to teach me and who wanted to learn from me. I’ve met women who don’t wear high heels or makeup every day. Men who wear pink shirts. Men with long hair and women with short hair. People who are proud to serve in the army to protect their homeland. I’ll be fair, I’ve met many more people who DO fit every bad stereotype you’ve ever heard of, but they aren’t the ones whose actions will be driving positive change for the future of Armenia. All of my coworkers and friends in Armenia have made my experience unforgettable. Not only have I met native Armenians, but diasporans like myself from all over the world, and even a few non-Armenians – Swedes, Danes and Austrians – who like myself, decided that they had something to offer to and something to learn from Armenia. Working at PINK I had the opportunity to attend a youth training on gender and equality, do research and write articles for publication, take part in an AIDS Day march, handing out leaflets that hopefully left some of their readers more aware, and basically just take part in daily Armenian civic activism and participation. Mostly what I’ve learned is that Armenia is nothing like what I thought it might be like, and in many ways it’s a million times better. It’s a place of opportunity and growth. To leave at the end of June will be profoundly sad, but I know that I’ll be back with more.
ܳÛÇñÇ ÚáíѳÝݿ뻳Ý
Nieri Avanessian
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³Ýó³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ past events
ØáÙ³í³éáõÃÛáõÝ §ÈáõÛëÇ ³Ïódz¦
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Candlelight: "Action of Light"
ê.Ã. ÑáõÝí³ñÇ 28-ÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³í ÙáÙ³í³éáõÃÛáõÝ` ÝíÇñí³Í µ³Ý³ÏáõÙ ëå³Ýí³Í ½ÇÝíáñÝ»ñÇ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇÝ: ´³Ý³ÏáõÙ Ë³Õ³Õ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ½áÑí³Í ½ÇÝíáñÝ»ñÇ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÁ, ѳñ³½³ïÝ»ñÁ ¨ µ³Ý³ÏÇ Ëݹñáí Ùï³Ñá·í³Í ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÙ »Ý ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝ å³Ñ³Ýç»É Çñ»Ýó ëå³Ýí³Í »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ` ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ µ³ó³Ñ³ÛïáõÙ ¨ Ù»Õ³íáñÝ»ñÇ å³ïÅáõÙ: ²½³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ññ³å³ñ³ÏÇó ëÏë»Éáí »ñÃÁ` Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ ëå³Ýí³Í ½ÇÝíáñÝ»ñÇ Éáõë³ÝϳñÝ»ñÁ å³Ñ³Í ù³ÛÉ»óÇÝ ¹»åÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ññ³å³ñ³Ï` í³é å³Ñ»Éáí Çñ»Ýó Ó»éù»ñáõÙ µéÝ³Í ÙáÙ»ñÁ` Ç ÑÇß³ï³Ï ½áÑ»ñÇ: Èñ³·ñáÕ, Ññ³å³ñ³Ï³Ëáë ¨ ѻճ÷áËáõÃÛ³Ý åá»ï ¼³ñáõÑÇ ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÁ Ýᯐ ¿. §Ø»Ýù ï»ë³Ýù, áñ µ³Ý³ÏÇ 20-³ÙÛ³ÏÇÝ ÝíÇñí³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ ¿É ëñµ³½³Ý ïáÝ ã¿ñ, Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ »ñÏ÷»ÕÏí»É ¿ñ, »ñµ ûå»ñ³ÛÇ ß»ÝùÇ Ý»ñëáõÙ ËÝçáõÛù, áõñ³ËáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ, ÇëÏ ¹ñëáõÙ` ²½³ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ññ³å³ñ³ÏáõÙ ÙáÙ³í³éáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ` §ÈáõÛëÇ ³Ïódz¦` Ç ÑÇß³ï³Ï ëå³Ýí³Í ½ÇÝíáñÝ»ñÇ: Ø»ñ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇ ³ÏódzÛÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ·Çï»ÇÝ Ý»ñëáõÙ áõñ³Ë³óáÕÝ»ñÁ, ¹ñ³ ѳٳñ ¿É óùóñ»É ¿ÇÝ µ³Ý³ÏÇ ïáÝÇ Ý³ËûñÛ³ÏÇÝ ëå³Ýí³Í ½ÇÝͳé³ÛáÕÇ Ù³ñÙÇÝÁ, áñ 100 Ñá·³Ýáó ³ÏóÇ³Ý ã¹³éݳñ 1000 Ñá·³Ýáó: ¾³Ï³Ý í³Ë ϳ ³ñ¹»Ý ¹ñëáõÙ` Ññ³å³ñ³Ïáõ٠ϳݷݳÍÝ»ñÇó¦:
Candlelight in memory of soldiers murdered in the army took place on January 28, 2012. The parents, relatives of victims that passed away in the army during times of peace and citizens that are concerned with the issue, insist on demanding justice – discovering the cases and punishing the guilty – for their murdered children. Starting from the Freedom Square, the participants have marched toward the Republic Square by holding the photos of murdered soldiers and by keeping the lit candles ad memoriam the victims. Zaruhi Hovhannisyan, reporter, publicist and a poetess of revolution has mentioned: “We have seen that the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the army is not a holy holiday, the situation was reciprocal; when there was a feast inside the building of Opera, outside, at the Azatutyan (Freedom) square, there was candlelight, an “Action of Light”, in memoriam of murdered soldiers. Those feasting inside knew about our action, therefore they had hidden the corps of the soldier murdered a day before the holiday, to prevent the action of 100 become an action of 1000. There is a real fear of those standing outside, on the square”.
§Ð³Ûñ»ÝÇ°ù, å³ßïå³ÝÇ°ñ å³ßïå³Ýǹ¦
“Fatherland, protect your protector!”
ÝϳñÝ»ñÁ ²ñÙ³Ý ì»½ÇñÛ³ÝÇ photos by Arman Veziryan
ö»ïñí³ñ 29 §²Ûëå»ë »Ù ÍÝí»É ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³Ù¦-Ç ëï»ÕÍáõÙÁ February 29 Celebrating the opening of "Born This Way Foundation" §È»¹Ç ¶³·³Ý ëï»ÕÍ»É ¿ §²Ûëå»ë »Ù ÍÝí»É ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÁ¦, áñå»ë½Ç Ù»½ û·ÝÇ å³Ûù³ñ»É ³ÝѳݹáõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý, Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ͳÕñ áõ ͳݳÏÇ ¹»Ù: ܳ Çñ §÷áùñÇÏ Ññ»ßÝ»ñÇݦ ÙdzÛÝ³Ï áõ Ñáõë³Éùí³Í ãÇ ÃáÕÝáõÙ: Ø»Ýù ¿É` ѳÛáó §÷áùñÇÏ Ññ»ßÝ»ñë¦, §³ÛëåÇëÇÝ ÍÝí³ÍÝ»ñë¦, áñ áõÝ»Ýù Ù»ñ ³Ýѳï³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ·»Õ»óÇÏ »Ýù áõ ɳíÁ Ù»ñ Ó¨áí, ÝáõÛÝå»ë ÙdzÝáõÙ »Ýù È»¹Ç ¶³·³ÛÇÝ ¨ Ù»ñ »ñÏñáõÙ å³Ûù³ñ»Éáõ »Ýù ³ÝѳݹáõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù¦, - ³ëíáõÙ ¿ ý»ÛëµáõùÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ëË³Ý ÙÇçáó³éÙ³Ý Ññ³í»ñáõÙ: سëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ áã ÙdzÛÝ ß÷í»óÇÝ ÙÇÙÛ³Ýó Ñ»ï, ¹Çï»óÇÝ áõ Éë»óÇÝ È»¹Ç ¶³·³ÛÇ ëÇñ»ÉÇ ÑÇûñÁ, ³Ûɨ ѳïí³ÍÝ»ñ ¹Çï»óÇÝ Ýñ³ »ÉáõÛÃÝ»ñÇó, ³ÏïÇíǽÙÇó: Üñ³ »ñ·»ñÇ, ÑÛáõñ³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ϻݳóÝ»ñÇ áõ Ññ×Áí³ÝùÇ Ý»ñùá г۳ëï³ÝÇ §÷áùñÇÏ Ññ»ßÝ»ñÁ¦ ¨ ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ áõ ͳÕñ³ÝùÇÝ ¹ÇÙ³¹ñáÕÝ»ñÁ ÝáõÛÝå»ë Ýß»óÇÝ §²Ûëå»ë »Ù ÍÝí»É ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³Ù¦-Ç å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý µ³óáõÙÁ:
“Lady Gaga has created “Born This Way Foundation” in order to help us fight against intolerance, hatred, humiliation and bullying. She is not leaving her “Little monsters” alone or disappointed. We, too, the “Little monsters” of Armenia, those “Born this way” who have their own individualities, who are beautiful in their way, we, too, join Lady Gaga and we are going to fight against intolerance and hatred in our country”, says the invitation of the appropriate facebook event. The participants have had a chance not only to interact with each other, watch and listen to Lady Gaga’s favorite hits, but they’ve also watched some episodes from her performances, her activism. “Little monsters” of Armenia and those standing against bullying have also celebrated the official opening of “Born This Way Foundation”. Under the accompaniment of music, sweets, beverages, toasts and joy, “Little Monsters” of Armenia and those being against bullying have celebrated the official opening of “Born This Way Foundation” as well.
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ÞÝáñѳíáñ Ù³ñïÇ 8` γݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ
سñïÇ 8-Ç` ϳݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ, г۳ëï³Ýáõ٠ϳݳÝó ËݹÇñÝ»ñáí ¨ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ ½µ³ÕíáÕ ÙÇ ß³ñù ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ»óÇÝ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ß³ñù:
§Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ÐÎ-Ý Ù³ñïÇ 8-ÇÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ»ó ù³Ûɳñß³í` ÉÇ µ³ñÓñ ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¨ ç»ñÙ ÙÃÝáÉáñïáí: §¸áõ ³ñųÝÇ »ë ÉÇÝ»É »ñç³ÝÇϦ Ëáñ³·ÇñÁ ÏñáÕ ù³Ûɳñß³íÁ ëÏëí»ó Ù³ñïÇ 8-ÇÝ, ųÙÁ 16:00, §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáݦÇó (î»ñÛ³Ý 62ß.) ¨ ³í³ñïí»ó γñ³åÇ É×Ç ßñç³Ï³ÛùáõÙ: ºñÃÇ Ù³ëݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ ÏñáõÙ ¿ÇÝ §Ë³Õ³ÕáõÃÛ³Ý Å³å³í»ÝÝ»ñ¦, áñáÝù ËáñÑñ¹³ÝßáõÙ ¿ÇÝ »ñÏáõ ë»é»ñÇ ÙÇç¨ Çñ³í³Ñ³í³ë³ñ ѳñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ºñÃÇ ÁÝóóùáõ٠ϳݳÝó µ³Å³Ýí»óÇÝ á·»ÏáãáÕ ÃéáõóÇÏÝ»ñ` ͳÕÇÏÝ»ñÇ ï»ëùáí, áñáÝù Ù³ïݳÝßáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ÏÝáç á·áõ áõÅÝ áõ í³é ³Ýѳï³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: γݳÝó ÙdzÙëÛ³ÏÇ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»Ýïñáݦ-Á ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÙ ¿ Çñ³½»ÏÙ³Ý ³ÙÇë ݳ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ó³ÝóáõÙ: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÁ ÏñáõÙ ¿ §ºñ»ëáõÝ Ï³Ý³Ûù` »ñ»ëáõÝ ûñáõÙ¦ Ëáñ³·ÇñÁ: سñïÇ 8-Çó ³åñÇÉÇ 7-Á §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»Ýïñáݦ-Ç ³ß˳ï³Ï³½ÙÁ ï»Õ³¹ñáõÙ ¿ñ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ Facebook ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ó³ÝóáõÙ ³ÛÝ Ñ³Û Ï³Ý³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ, áíù»ñ Çñ»Ýó Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ »Ý áõÝ»ó»É Ñ³Û Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý Ù»ç:
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§Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»Ýïñáݦ ÐÎ-Ý ¿É ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ïáÝÇ ³éÃÇí ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ñ ³Ïódz, áñÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ ßÝáñѳíáñ»É Ñ³Û Ï³Ý³Ýó` ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»Éáí ѳë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É: ²ÏóÇ³Ý Ù»ÏݳñÏ»ó Ø. ê³ñÛ³ÝÇ ³ñÓ³ÝÇ Ñ³ñ³ÏÇó ï³ñ³ÍùÇó ¨ ß³ñáõݳÏí»ó ºñ¨³ÝÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝ³Ï³Ý ÷áÕáóÝ»ñáí: ²ÏódzÛÇÝ ¿ÇÝ Ùdzó»É ݳ¨ ϳݳÝó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¨ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý˳ñ·»Éٳٵ Ñ»ï³ùñùñí³Í ï³ñµ»ñ ï³ñÇùÇ ¨ Ù³ëݳ·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ: λÝïñáÝÇ Ñ»ï ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáÕ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ³Ûë ËáõÙµÁ ·³ñݳݳÛÇÝ ãùÝ³Õ Í³ÕÇÏÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ µáõÏÉ»ïÝ»ñ ¨ ÃéáõóÇÏÝ»ñ ¿ñ ÝíÇñáõÙ ³Ýóáñ¹ ϳݳÝó, áñáÝóáí Ýñ³Ýù ϳñáÕ ¿ÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³Ý³É Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ÏáÕÙÇó Ù³ïáõóíáÕ Í³é³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ÇÝãå»ë ݳ¨ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É: §Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ¦ ³Ûë ³ÏóÇ³Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ»É ¿ñ áã ÙdzÛÝ ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ, ³Ûɨ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ãáñë ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñáõÙ` Æ稳ÝáõÙ, ì³Ý³ÓáñáõÙ, γå³ÝáõÙ ¨ ¶³í³éáõÙ:
Happy March 8 International Women’s Day
On the occasion of March 8, International Women’s Day, numerous organizations dealing with women’s issues and with protecting women’s rights in Armenia, organized series of events.
“Women’s Resource Center” NGO organized a march which was full of high mood and warm atmosphere. The march, having the motto “You deserve happiness”, was kicked off on March 8, at 16:00 local time, starting from “Women’s Resource Center Armenia” (Teryan 62) and was over at the Swan lake. The participants of the march wore “peace ribbons” which were symbolizing the possibility of having legally equal relationships between the two sexes. During the march, leaflets were spread, having the shape of flowers and containing inspirational speech which would symbolize the power of the soul of women and their bright individualities. “Women’s Resource Center” has initiated a month of awareness in social networks as well, on the occasion of Women’s Month. The event is entitled “Thirty Women in Thirty Days.” From March 8 till April 7, the staff of “Women’s Resource Center Armenia” shared information on Facebook about those Armenian ladies which have had their input on the development of Armenian society.
Another NGO, “Women’s Rights Center”, organized an action on the occasion of the international day of women the aim of which was to congratulate Armenian women, meanwhile increasing the level of awareness of the society on preventing women’s rights abuses and domestic violence. The action begun from the nearby of the statue of Martiros Saryan and was marched through the central streets of Yerevan. Men of various ages and professions that are interested in women’s rights protection and preventing domestic violence took part in the march as well. This group of men that cooperates with the Center was offering beautiful flowers, as well as booklets and flyers that would help them learn more about the services provided by the Center and on domestic violence to female passers-by. “Women’s Rights Center” has realized this action not only in Yerevan, but also in four other cities of Armenia – Ijevan, Vanadzor, Kapan and Gavar.
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سñïÇ 9 êåáñïÁ` ѳÝáõÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ´ááõÉÇÝ·
سñïÇ 9-ÇÝ §öÉ»Û ëÇÃǦ ųٳÝóÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝáõ٠ϳ۳ó³í §êåáñïÁ` ѳÝáõÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñǦ Ëáñ³·ñáí µááõÉÇÝ·Ç »ñÏñáñ¹ Ùñó³ß³ñÁ: ²ÛÝ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝ»É ¿ÇÝ §ÐáõÛëÇ Ï³Ùáõñç¦ ¨ §²é³ù»ÉáõÃÛáõÝ ³ñ¨»Éù¦ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ¸³ÝdzÛÇ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍ»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý (DANIDA) ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåí»É ¿ñ ϳݳÝó ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³ ³éÃÇí, ¨ Ýå³ï³ÏÁ ѳßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ѳٳñ ѳí³ë³ñ Ñݳñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ³å³ÑáíÙ³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ ù³ñá½»ÉÝ ¿ñ: 2012 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ÑáõÝí³ñÇ ¹ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ å³ßïáݳå»ë ·ñ³Ýóí³Í ¿ ѳßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ 81901 ÏÇÝ: Üñ³Ýù ÏñÏݳÏÇ Ëáó»ÉÇ »Ý Çñ»Ýó ë»éÇ ¨ ѳßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï׳éáí: Þ³ï Ñ³×³Ë Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ Ñ³Ùá½ÙáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ϳ٠ϳñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÁ ÏÝáç ¹»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ å³ï×³é »Ý ¹³éÝáõ٠ѳßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ
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áõÝ»óáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ¨ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹ñë¨áñÙ³Ý: ØÇçáó³éÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ»ñÇó ¿ñ ݳ¨ ųٳÝóÇ Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, áñáÝù ѳñÙ³ñ»óí³Í ã»Ý ѳßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ѳٳñ, óáõÛó ï³É, áñ ѳßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ¿É ѳí³ë³ñ³å»ë ϳñáÕ »Ý û·ïí»É Çñ»Ýó ïñ³Ù³¹ñ³Í ͳé³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÁ ¨ë Ù»Ï ³éÇà ¿ñ µ³ñÓñ³Ó³ÛÝ»Éáõ ³Ûë ËݹÇñÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: Øñó³ß³ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»óÇÝ Ñ³ßٳݹ³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, ѳë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ, ³ÝѳïÝ»ñ: ²é³çÇÝ Ùñó³Ý³Ï³ÛÇÝ ï»ÕÁ ·ñ³í»ó ²ñÙ»Ý ØÏñïãÛ³ÝÁ §êϳñå¦ ÐÎ-Çó, 2-ñ¹ ¨ 3-ñ¹ ï»Õ»ñÁ ½µ³Õ»óñÇÝ §²é³íáï¦ ûñ³Ã»ñÃÇó ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ݳµ³ñ ²ßáï гÏáµÛ³ÝÁ ¨ èáõ½³Ý ØÇݳëÛ³ÝÁ:
March 9 Sport in the name of equal opportunities Bowling
Second tournament of bowling took place on March 9 in “Play City” entertainment center, entitled “Sport in the name of equal opportunities.” The initiators were “Bridge of Hope” and “Mission East” organizations, with the support of DANIDA (Foreign Affairs Ministry of Denmark). The event was organized on the occasion of the international day of women, and the aim was to propagate the idea of equal opportunities for people having disabilities. 81901 women with disabilities are officially registered by January 2012 in Armenia. They are twice over vulnerable because of their sex and disability. Often cultural convictions or stereotypes of the society a propos women’s role make discrimination against women and girls
happen. One of the purposes of the event was to demonstrate to the entertainment centers, which are not adjusted to the needs of people having disabilities that people with disabilities may equally benefit from the services they provide. The event gave yet another opportunity to voice the abovementioned problems. People with disabilities, representatives of nongovernmental organizations (NGO) and mass media, and individuals took part in the tournament. The first place was taken by Armen Mkrtchyan from “Scarp” NGO. The second and third places were given to Ashot Hakobyan of “Aravot” daily and Rousan Minasyan respectively.
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·³ÉÇù ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ upcoming events
§ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦-Ý 1 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿
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"As you!" is 1 year old
2011 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ Ù³ñï ³ÙëÇÝ ¿ñ, »ñµ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ¹áõñë »Ï³í §ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦ ¿É»ÏïñáݳÛÇÝ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÇ ³Ý¹ñ³ÝÇÏ Ñ³Ù³ñÁ: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ ³ÛÝ Ù»Ï ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿: ÜdzÝùËÝáõÙÇó áõ ÊÝáõÙÑáû÷Çó ÙÇÝ㨠å³Ñå³Ý³ÏÝ»ñ áõ ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝ, ÙÇçݳ¹³ñÛ³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ÏÝáç Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ¹ÇñùÇó ÙÇÝ㨠ųٳݳϳÏÇó г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ ÏÝáç ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ áõ ѳí³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ ·Éáµ³É å³Ûù³ñÁ, ³ÝѳݹáõñÅáճϳÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ÙÇÝ㨠г۳ëï³ÝáõÙ »ñµ¨¿ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ³Í §ÐáÙáýáµÇ³ÛÇ ¨ ïñ³ÝëýáµÇ³ÛÇ ¹»Ù ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ¦ (IDAHO) ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÁ: ØÇßï áõñ³Ë »Ýù ù»½ ͳé³Û»Éáõ, ëÇñ»ÉÇ° ÁÝûñóáÕ. ݳ˳·³ÑÝ ³é³Ýó ù³Õ³ù³óáõ áãÇÝã ¿, ·»Ý»ñ³ÉÝ ³é³Ýó ½áñùÇ ½ñá ¿, å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÁ áãÇÝã ¿ ³é³Ýó Çñ ÁÝûñóáÕÇ:
On March 2011 the first e-edition of “As you!” was issued. This year, the e-mag is one year old. Throughout the last year, we have presented the reader various articles and themes. From Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep to condoms and sexual health, from women’s legal position in Medieval Armenia to modern perception of women in Armenia and global fight for equality, from intolerance to the first ever IDAHO (International Day against Homophobia and Transphobia) event in Armenia! We are always glad to serve you, dear reader; a president would be nothing without a citizen; a general would be null without an army, a magazine would be nothing without its reader!
ÞÝáñѳϳ°É »Ýù Ù»½ Ñ»ï ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ:
Thank you for being with us!
¶³ÉÇù ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ. ³åñÇÉ - ÑáõÝÇë 2012Ã. Upcoming events: April - June 2012
²åñÇÉÇ 7 April 7
سÛñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·»Õ»óÏáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ Day of motherhood and beauty
§²ÝϳËáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ý³Ûù¦ Éñ³·ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ÙñóáõÛÃÙ “Women of Freedom” journalists’ contest
²åñÇÉÇ 20 April 20
ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ Day of Silnce
ÙÇçáó³éáõÙ ÁÝݹ»Ù áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ Ýí³ëï³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ event against bullying at schools
سÛÇëÇ 15 May 15
ȶ´î ÏáÝý»ñ³Ýë LGBT conference
ÎáÝý»ñ³Ýë ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ¨ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ϳéáõÛóÝ»ñÇ Ù³Ýë³ÏóáõÃ۳ݵ Conference with local and international institutions’ participation
سÛÇëÇ 17 May 17
ÐáÙáýáµÇ³ÛÇ ¨ ïñ³ÝëýáµÇ³ÛÇ ¹»Ù ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ International Day against Homophobia nad Transphobia
ÌÇ³Í³Ý ýÉ»ßÙáµ RaionbowFlash
سÛÇëÇ 20 May 20
ÒƲÐ-Ç Ù³Ñ³ó³ÍÝ»ñÇ ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇ ÙáÙ³í³éáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ AIDS Candlelight Memorial Day
ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙ public event
سÛÇëÇ 21-28 May 21-28
´³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ß³µ³Ã Diversity week
óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ë ¨ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ß³ñù exhibition and series of events
ÐáõÝÇëÇ 26 June 26
æ³ï³·áíÇñ, Ñá·³, ÷áËÇñ ²ÛÅÙ` ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý »ñµ¨¿ ACT: Advocate, Care, Transform Now More Ever
óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ë ÝíÇñí³Í §ÂÙñ³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ ã³ñ³ß³ÑÙ³Ý ¨ Ãñ³ýÇÏÇÝ·Ç ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñÇÝ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñí³Ý¦ exhibition for the International Day against Drug Abuse & Illicit Trafficking
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ê»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ï³Ý˳ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý, Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óÙ³Ý ¨ ë»é³Ï³Ý ³Ýíï³Ý· í³ñù³·ÍÇ Ëñ³ËáõëÙ³Ý Ýå³ï³Ïáí §Ð³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ Ï³ñÇù¦ ÐÎ-Ý Ù³ïáõóáõÙ ¿ Ñ»ï¨Û³É ³Ýí׳ñ ͳé³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ. - å³Ñå³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÉáõµñÇϳÝïÝ»ñÇ ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÙ - ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ - ØƲì-Ç í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÙ For prevention of sexually transmitted infections, awareness raising and promotion of safe sexual behavior, “Public Information and Need of Knowledge” NGO provides following services free of charge: distributing condoms andubricants counseling organizing of HIV testing -
̳é³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ØƲì-Ç Ýϳïٳٵ ³é³í»É íï³Ý·Ç »ÝóñÏí³Í µÝ³ÏãáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ. - Çñ³í³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ - ¹ÇÙáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ѳÛó³¹ÇÙáõÙÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ÛÉ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ÷³ëï³ÃÕûñÇ Ï³½ÙáõÙ - ߳ѻñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ å»ï³Ï³Ý ¨ áã å»ï³Ï³Ý Ù³ñÙÇÝÝ»ñáõÙ - Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóãáõÃÛáõÝ ¹³ï³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý ¨ ùñ»³Ï³Ý ·áñÍ»ñáí Services for most at risk population toward HIV: - legal counseling - preparation of applications, claims and other necessary documents - rights protection in governmental and non-governmental bodies - representation in courts for civil and criminal cases
§ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÇó ÝÛáõûñ û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ ÑÕáõÙÁ å³ñï³¹Çñ ¿ Materials taken from "As you" magazine need to be referenced ä³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÁ ³ÝÏ³Ë ï»Õ»Ï³ïí³Ï³Ý ³ÕµÛáõñ ¿, Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏíáõÙ ¿ §Ð³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ Ï³ñÇù¦ ÐÎ-Ç, ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ÏïÇíÇëïÝ»ñÇ ç³Ýù»ñáí Üáñí»·Ç³ÛÇ ²ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍ»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ýÇݳÝë³Ï³Ý ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ: The magazine is an independent information source published by efforts of Public Information and Need of Knowledge NGO, partner organizations and activists, by financial support of Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
开 ¶Ìºð HOTLINES γݳÝó Ýϳïٳٵ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Violence against women
08000 11 00 ºñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Children protection
0800 61111 Âñ³ýÇÏÇÝ·Ç ½áÑ»ñÇ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý For the victims of trafficking
0800 50558 0800 80801
ÀÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Domestic violence
0800 80850 010 542828 010 440740 ¶³í³é / Gavar 0264 26919 ì³Ý³Óáñ / Vanadzor 0322 25088 Æç¨³Ý / Ijevan 0263 40114 γå³Ý / Kapan 0285 23140
²ß˳ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ËáõÙµ`
гïáõÏ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÛáõÝ` Working group:
Special thanks to:
Üí³ñ¹ سñ·³ñÛ³Ý Ø³ñÇÝ» سñ·³ñÛ³Ý Ø³ÙÇÏáÝ Ðáíë»÷Û³Ý ê¨³Ï ÎÇñ³ÏáëÛ³Ý ÈáõëÇÝ» ê³ÕáõÙÛ³Ý Î³Ùá ¸³íÃÛ³Ý ÎáÉÛ³ ÐáíѳÝÝÇëÛ³Ý Ü³ÛÇñÇ ÚáíѳÝÝ¿ë»³Ý ÈÇÉÇ³Ý ²í¹³ÉÛ³Ý
¾ÉíÇñ³ Ø»ÉÇùë»ÃÛ³ÝÇÝ Ü»ÉÉÇ ö³ÛïÛ³ÝÇÝ ²Ý³ÑÇï гÏáµÛ³ÝÇÝ ¨ Ù»ñ µáÉáñ ÁÝûñóáÕÝ»ñÇÝ áõ ³ç³ÏóáÕÝ»ñÇÝ
Elvira Meliksetyan Nelly Paitian Anahit Hakobyan and all our readers and supporters
Nvard Margaryan Marine Margaryan Mamikon Hovsepyan Sevak Kirakosyan Lusie Saghumyan Kamo Davtyan Kolya Hovhanisyan Nieri Avanessian Lilian Avedian
Ñ»é./tel. +374 60 377277 email: info@pinkarmenia.org
asyou.pinkarmenia.org
asyou.pinkarmenia.org
سñï, 2012Ã. March, 2012