Recycling Product News January/February 2018, Volume 26, Number 1 by Baum Publications Ltd.

recyclinG PRODUCT news

Taking on

e-waste

FCM has become a leader based on total destruction of data-containing electronic waste and a move into plastics page 18

PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270

Five questions to ask at the mrf page 38

No tire left behind

page 40

January/February 2018

SCRAP

WASTE

C&D

ORGANICS

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features 18 Cover story Taking on e-waste

FCM Recycling has found success based on differentiating themselves from the competition in an ever-evolving sector

Contents jANUARY/fEBRUARY 2018 | Volume 26, Number 1

40 No tire left behind As Ontario tire stewardship

45 Last word

enters its last year of operation, its executive director reflects on a great deal accomplished

How government policy can help C&D recyclers by Troy Lautenbach

24 Achieving higher yield on ferrous shred Eriez Shred1 Ballistic Separator

key to producing #1 shred with less than two percent copper for Tri-State Metals

26 Annual attachments guide Our review of the latest hydraulic

attachments for cutting, handling and size-reduction of scrap and C&D materials

32 collaboration adds capacity for Haul and collection trucks New partnership between Autocar

Cover Story

and Hendrickson adds 800 pounds capacity to collection vehicles

38 five questions to ask at the MRF Van Dykâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Adam Lovewell asks

key questions and provides some simple answers

On the cover:

E-waste on the line at FCM Recycling, Montreal. FOLLOW US

@recyclingpn

32 January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

contents

recycling product news

jANUARY/fEBRUARY 2018 volume 26, number 1 Editor Keith Barker kbarker@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 305 associate Editor Lee Toop ltoop@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 315 Editorial director Lawrence Buser lbuser@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 310 associate publisher Sam Esmaili sam@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext.110 account manager Justin Barone jbarone@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 115

account manager David Gilmour dgilmour@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 105 advertising production manager Tina Anderson production@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 222

departments 10 14 18 24

32 35 40 45

Upfront spotlighT Cover story scrapyard equipment & operations Scrap and C&D attachments guide Hauling & Collection Single-stream MRfs tire recycling lAST WORD

design & production Morena Zanotto morena@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 320 Circulation baumpublications@circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 vice president / publisher Ken Singer ksinger@baumpub.com vice president / controller Melvin Date-Chong mdatechong@baumpub.com president Engelbert J. Baum ebaum@baumpub.com

Published by Baum Publications Ltd. 124-2323 Boundary Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5M 4V8 www.baumpub.com Phone: 604-291-9900 • Toll Free:1-888-286-3630 Fax: 604-291-1906 Recycling Product News is published eight times yearly: January/ February, March, April, May/June, July/August, September, October, November/December. Advertising closes at the beginning of the issue month. One year subscription rates for others: Canada $33.50 + 1.68 GST = $35.18; U.S.A. $40; other countries $63.50. Single copies $6.00 + 0.30 GST = $6.30; outside Canada $7.00. All prices are in Canadian funds. Recycling Product News accepts no responsibility or liability for reported claims made by manufacturers and/or distributors for products or services; the views and opinions e xpressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Baum Publications Ltd. Copyright 2018, Baum Publications Ltd. No portion of this publication may be reproduced without permission of the publishers. Printed in Canada, on recycled paper, by Mitchell Press Ltd. ISSN 17157013. PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270. Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: Circulation Dept., 124-2323 Boundary Rd., Vancouver, B.C. V5M 4V8; e-mail: baumpublications@ circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 or fax: 1-855-272-0972.

38 6 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

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“

The world’s largest single market for recyclable materials has closed its doors to recycled commodity exports with more than 0.5 percent contamination.”

t should be quite a year in the waste and recycling industry. Technology and methodology continue to change at a rapid pace. Increased use of robotics and artificially intelligent systems, along with sophisticated data management, are here to stay. Driverless trucks are “just up the road.” We continue to see advances in the technology of food waste management and waste-to-energy, both with such enormous potential to push landfill diversion levels closer and closer to that noble aspiration of “zero waste.” It’s also the first year we’ll be able to celebrate Global Recycling Day, which takes place March 18. Still, we start 2018 reeling from the news that the world’s largest single market for recyclable materials, China, has officially effectively closed its doors to recycled commodity exports by enacting regulations that restrict import of materials. Restrictions are in place for plastics, fibre and metals, with more than 0.5 percent contamination – a level that is very challenging for most recyclers in North America. Stories of valuable materials piling up in Canada and the U.S. with no market outlets to speak of have been a regular occurrence already since the beginning of the year, from national and local news outlets around the continent. So the question is, in the face of this kind of global market uncertainty, what can our commodity-market-dependent industry do about it? We can turn to increasingly sophisticated automation technology and advanced methodology to improve sorting – to continue to create purer and purer end product. We can hope that average contamination levels can somehow be brought to near-zero within the next couple of years,

or that China may at some point soon realize that they do in fact need North America’s available supply and lessen the restrictions. Whatever the case may be, with contamination thresholds set so high, it remains to be seen whether our industry can ever truly get to the purity levels China is demanding for recovered commodities on a large scale. Which leaves us with the other apparent strategy for dealing with such change in global markets for recycled commodities: create alternative markets. This seems to be the current focus for many recyclers and major industry associations. Indeed, growth of domestic markets and alternative markets in Southeast Asia and India may end up being the future of the industry. But this takes time. Definitely, government policy makers need to take action quickly. Still, while the situation looks a little bleak, most recyclers I’ve talked to about the situation have a generally positive attitude about it. In our cover story this issue, we chat with Andrew Rubin of FCM Recycling, out of Montreal. FCM is a leading Canadian ewaste recycler that recently made the move into handling plastics as well as electronics. For Rubin, the current market situation coming out of China is regarded first and foremost as an interesting opportunity. “There is now more plastic material available domestically and it’s allowed us to source good bead stock, beyond what we generate ourselves,” he told me. So, while the prospect of the year ahead may seem daunting to some, others are finding opportunities where before they may not have existed. This industry has been built on just that.

Keith Barker, Editor kbarker@baumpub.com 888-286-3630; 604-291-9900 ext. 305

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UPFRONT scrapyard news

MTB Cable Box allows Potomac Metals to open up new markets Potomac Metals Incorporated has purchased an MTB Cable Box from Wendt Corporation. According to Wendt, the purchase will provide the company with the opportunity to upgrade their wire packages to clean copper and aluminum products that will open up additional markets. Founded in 1997, Potomac Metals is a privately held independent scrap metal recycling company with 150 employees, at eight locations throughout Virginia, West Virginia and Maryland. Potomac first saw the MTB cable box when they attended Wendt’s Demo Days event in June 2017, which showcased the system running four different material types: shredded wire, #1 copper wires, aluminum cables and aluminum copper radiators. “We saw the MTB Cable Box in action at Wendt Demo Days and the separation system is top of the line,” said Eric Zwilsky, vice president of Potomac Metals. “When we saw the system processing low grades and dirtier wire than we are looking to process, we knew it could easily get the job done.” He said the company plans to initially process highgrade #1 wire through the system and then expand into processing additional wire packages including high-grade #2 wire, insulated aluminum, BX cables and URD cables. Potomac Metals’ MTB Cable Box, a containerized, turn-

New online tool to help keep track of stranded plastics

Current Chinese market restrictions have resulted in concerns about shipments being rejected at entry ports, potentially leaving recyclers and brokers with stranded tonnes. As part of the effort to address this situation, the Canadian Plastics Industry Association (CPIA) has launched a confidential online tool for recyclers and brokers to report on recovered plastics for which they have no market or which have been rejected by overseas markets. The organization is urging all recyclers to participate in this initiative to provide information about plastic materials that are not moving to end markets. According to the CPIA, the data provided will be aggregated to arrive at total tonnes that are currently stranded, and information gathered will inform discussions about investment in new domestic markets, or the potential for taking advantage of capacity that may open up in existing markets. CPIA is collaborating with partner organizations to discuss how to build alternative options to Chinese import markets.

10 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

key system consisting of two 40-foot, one 20-foot and one 10-foot container, will be installed indoors at the company’s headquarters in Sterling, Virginia by this spring and will run seven days a week on two eight-hour shifts per day. The system features a BDR 1245 shredder, two BAT 800 granulators, air density tables, screens, magnetic separators as well as integrated electrical controls and a dust collection system. The wire chopping system will process wire from the company’s eight drive-in locations and industrial accounts. “The purchase and install process has gone flawlessly,” Zwilsky said. “The demand for insulated copper wire has weakened and several buyers have priced themselves out of the market due to oversupply. We look forward to getting up and running because with this machine, and the type of material we will be processing, we will have a very clean product that should be able to reach any mills specs while helping to increase our margins.” “The Cable Box fits perfectly with Potomac Metals operational goals,” said David Siejka, MTB business development manager. “It gives them the ability to process high-grade copper and aluminum cable at a high throughput rate and low operating cost while still producing highquality chops on the market.”

MRF news

Green Recycling first in U.K. to invest in AI Leading U.K. industrial and commercial waste specialist, Green Recycling, has announced the purchase of a Max-AI AQC (Autonomous Quality Control) system. The new technology is meant to increase recovery of recyclables without adding additional manual labour at the company’s commercial and commingled dry recyclables MRF in Maldon, Essex. Green Recycling is the first company in the U.K. to invest in this new technology which has already been successfully installed in three U.S. MRFs, according to Bulk Handling Systems (BHS) who introduced it in 2017. Green Recycling’s Max-AI AQC will be operational in Q1 2018. The Max-AI AQC incorporates an artificially intelligent vision system to identify recyclables and make decisions, along with a robotic sorter that picks items and places them into chutes. The artificial neural network technology mirrors the neural framework of the human brain to identify recyclables in a similar manner to a person. When the recyclables have been identified

More Industry News RecyclingProductNews.com

safety in recycling

SWANA calls for renewed safety focus in 2018

n AI robotic sorting technology by the vision system, a robotic sorter then does the picking. At Green Recycling’s facility, equipment is used to open bags, collect plastic film and OCC, and segregate material using screen and air separation technologies. The Max-AI AQC follows the aforementioned equipment, working on the recovery line to capture card, news and pams, HDPE natural, PET bottles, and wood. The Max-AI AQC intelligent vision system is trained using a process called deep learning and can immediately identify various recyclables, something that simply cannot be achieved using most widely available recycling technologies. Max-AI AQC is also capable of making various decisions including prioritizing the picking order based on size, value and location and then directing the robotic sorter to pick and place the recovered end products into chutes. The Max-AI AQC is capable of making approximately 65 picks per minute, a productivity rate that would require Green Recycling to source and employ staff in two manual sorting positions – employment spaces the company says are difficult to fill due to the nature of the job. When the new system is in place, Green Recycling says they will be able to run that section of the recovery line with no human sorting at all.

According to the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA), in the first ten days of 2018 there were seven solid-wasterelated fatalities in the United States. These tragedies came just weeks after the Bureau of Labor Statistics again identified solid waste collection as the fifth deadliest job in the U.S., this time based on 2016 data. The seven fatal incidents occurred in Pennsylvania, New York, Georgia, Virginia, Massachusetts and North Carolina and involved large solid waste companies, regional haulers and municipal sanitation departments. With six of the seven incidents involving solid waste collection, this disturbing start to 2018 reinforces the urgent need to create a safer environment for industry employees and the public. “I am very disappointed by the number of fatal incidents in the first ten days of 2018; each of them is a tragedy and serves as a reminder that the entire industry needs to improve its safety culture,” said David Biderman, SWANA’s executive director and CEO. “We urge companies and local governments to not only take the time to educate supervisors and employees, but also commit to making safety a workplace priority. Nothing we do at SWANA is more important.” While the uptick in fatalities to start the New Year is alarming, 2017 saw high numbers as well. SWANA says they are aware of more than 100 fatal incidents involving the solid waste sector in the U.S. and several more in Canada last year. With the frequency increasing in the first few days of 2018, SWANA is committed to increasing its safety resources even further to jumpstart efforts throughout North America. Safety will be a major topic at both SWANApalooza in Denver, Colorado, this March and at WASTECON in August in Nashville, Tennessee, where SWANA’s 6th Annual Safety Summit will take place. In the coming months, SWANA and its chapter-based Safety Ambassadors will launch an initiative aimed at small haulers to provide resources in multiple languages to their drivers and helpers. January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

UPFRONT Corporate News

Sorting specialist STEINERT changes name As of December 20th, Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH has been renamed Steinert GmbH. For years, the company says, they have not only been known for separation solutions that use magnet technology, but also for sensor sorting machines. As a result, the company’s name and logo will no longer include reference to just one of these two technologies. “Changing the name is a logical step,” said Dr. Uwe Habich, Steinert’s technical managing director. “Sensor sorting machines account for an increasing share of our business year by year. Moreover, they offer valuable

solutions for the waste and metal recycling markets as well as for the mining industry. We are especially delighted about one project in which we placed 20 sensor sorting systems

Bandit Industries to celebrate 35th Anniversary in 2018 Michigan-based Bandit Industries, a leader in the wood waste recycling industry, celebrates its 35th anniversary in 2018. “Thirty-five years is a long time to be in business,” said Bandit President and co-owner Jerry Morey. “That’s why we’re going to take some time in 2018 to appreciate where we’ve been, what we’ve accomplished, and how we want to keep innovating and evolving – for our employees, for our customers and for our industry.”

ISRI’s 2018 Convention and Exposition set for Las Vegas in April The Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries’ (ISRI) Annual Convention and Exposition, ISRI2018, the world’s largest annual gathering of scrap recycling professionals, is set to be held April 14 to 19, at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino in Las Vegas. “The ISRI show has become the most important meeting in the industry each year with participants typically coming from all 50 U.S. states and from more than 50 countries across the globe,” said Chuck Carr, vice president of convention, education & training for ISRI. “The show’s value comes from how well it is programmed to meet the present needs of the industry.” 12 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

into a single facility for sorting lightweight packaging. This clearly shows that our name should no longer focus exclusively on magnet technology.”

Battery recycling

Call2Recycle Canada releases innovation to increase battery recycling safety Call2Recycle Canada, Inc., Canada’s national consumer battery collection and recycling organization, has introduced an innovation to bolster the safety in handling and transporting potentially dangerous end-of-life batteries in Canada. Its battery collection containers now will include an innovative flame retardant liner. This new feature is part of the organization’s Charge Up Safety! initiative to further the safe collection, transport and recycling of consumer batteries. When certain types of batteries reach their end of life, they may still retain a residual charge that can present a safety risk if not handled properly. To reduce any safety incidents, the Call2Recycle program will include flame retardant liner in all its battery collection boxes as an extra layer of protection during collection, transportation and recycling. “As Canada’s premier consumer battery recycling program, we’re constantly evolving our eco-friendly safety practices,” said Call2Recycle Canada, Inc. President Joe Zenobio. “Our flame retardant liners underscore our commitment to safety, keeping the well-being of our consumers, sorters, collection sites, transporters and processors top of mind.” The patent-pending liner is made of a dry polyester fibre and provides an additional level of defence should a thermal event occur during the battery recycling journey – from collection to transportation to sorting and processing. The liner is manufactured from used plastic bottles, is both reusable and recyclable, and when applied with the program’s guidelines, can limit the potential for flames to escape from a battery box in the event of a thermal runaway or ignition of materials. The flame retardant box liner has been independently tested and can withstand up to 600 degrees Celsius.

More Industry News RecyclingProductNews.com

Global Markets

China’s final scrap import standards disappointing according to major recycling industry associations In November, China notified the World Trade Organization (WTO) of its intent to lower contamination thresholds for certain imported scrap materials. Despite filings and feedback from the global recycling industry on the negative impact these thresholds would have on trade, China’s standards have now been finalized. Smelt slag, wood, ferrous, electric motors, wires and cables, metal and appliances, vessels, and plastics are set at a 0.5 percent contamination threshold limit, while non-ferrous is set at 1 percent and autos at 0.3 percent. In response to the publishing of the final Environmental Protection Control Standards for Imports of Solid Wastes

as Raw Materials (GB 16487.2-13) – the quality standards for imported scrap by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP), the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI) released the following statement: “ISRI is very disappointed to see the Chinese Government finalizing its Environmental Protection Control Standards and failing to take the opportunity to bring them in line with global standards that reflect manufacturing requirements and are utilized by environmentally responsible recycling operations in the U.S. and around the world,” said Robin Wiener, president of ISRI. Both the National Waste & Recycling Association (NWRA) and Solid Waste

DW 3060 K

Association of North America (SWANA), as well as the Canadian Association of Recycling Industries and the Canadian Plastics Industry Association, have issued statements with similar sentiment. According to Darrell Smith, NWRA president and CEO, “We have said before that the 0.5 percent standard would be nearly impossible for our members to meet and it could cause some short-term disruptions in the industry. However, it could also present opportunities as our members continue to adjust. As an association, we will continue to work with our industry partners and the federal government to reduce the burden these stringent rules have placed on the waste and recycling industry.”

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spotlight

Application-specific design for latest Cat wheel material handlers Improvements for 2018 Cat wheel material handlers (MH3022, MH3024, MH3026) include features that support rapid return on investment and enhance overall performance, versatility and safety. The MH3022 is designed as an agile solution for handling jobs with space constraints, providing the necessary reach for tasks such as indoor sorting and waste handling, yet providing application flexibility with a choice of two MH booms, three straight sticks with linkage, and two drop-nose sticks. The compact undercarriage is wide enough for excellent stability, while the centred position of the swing bearing allows equal capabilities when working over the front and rear. If space constraints are not an issue, the MH3024 is ideal for such tasks as waste handling, recycling and bulk-material handling. The MH3024 features optimum reach with its long MH front linkage and a choice of undercarriage configurations to meet customer application needs. If work requires greater lifting capacities and a larger working envelope, then the MH3026 is the optimum machine, equipped with a long

MH boom and providing a choice of three drop-nose sticks ranging in length from 4.9 to 5.9 metres (16.1 to 19.3 feet), three straight sticks, and a choice of three undercarriage sizes.

New digital truck scales employ smart technology

EvoQuip introduces Bison 280 jaw crusher EvoQuip has launched the Bison 280 jaw crusher which is designed to enhance profitability for applications in C&D, asphalt and concrete recycling, quarrying, and contract crushing. “The Bison 280 jaw crusher is a machine that offers versatility with supreme durability while also providing our customers with excellent productivity and fuel efficiency,” said Matt Dickson, EvoQuip product line director. “The quick setup times, simple intuitive operation and ease of transport makes this machine an ideal solution for all applications.” A compact footprint makes the EvoQuip Bison 280 easy to transport and makes it an ideal machine for working in urban areas, and the rapid setup time and intuitive control system enable the operator to be crushing minutes after unloading the machine from the truck. The operator can also adjust the crusher setting easily without the need for any tools using a user-friendly hydraulic jaw adjustment system.

14 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

Cardinal Scale’s new ARMOR series digital truck scales with SmartCell load cells offer high-level performance built to last a lifetime of heavy-duty weighing use. Every aspect of the digital truck scale’s weighbridge and electronics has been built for long-lasting endurance, minimal upkeep, and IoT monitoring convenience. ARMOR truck scales feature 135-ton capacity, 50-ton CLC, no moving parts below the scale deck including the load cells, more structural steel, SmartCell stainless steel waterproof digital load cells, and IoT-enabled iSite remote monitoring software.

Our look at the latest new and updated equipment, technology, Parts and systems for recycling and waste management

Neuenhauser Targo 3000 single-shaft shredder to launch at Waste Expo The Targo 3000 is a universal single-shaft shredder designed and built by Germanybased Neuenhauser. According to the company, this model expands their product line from star and trommel screens into the slow speed shredder market. Available as a wheeled or tracked unit, the Targo 3000 features a 535-hp John Deere Tier 4 engine with a three-metrelong shredder shaft that rotates at 31 rpm and is equipped with either 21 or 42 bolton teeth. The different tooth configurations and an adjustable hydraulic comb mean the machine can be set up to process a variety of products including C&D, stumps, green waste, compost, domestic and industrial waste. A unique feature of the Targo is its directdrive system; the shredder shaft is driven

directly off the engine via v-belts and a flywheel. This drive method ensures maximum energy transfer from the engine to the shredder shaft for maximum throughput at low

fuel consumption in comparison to hydraulic-drive machines. The Targo 3000 will be on display at Waste Expo 2018 in Las Vegas, April 24th to 26th.

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spotlight Basic 518 screen designed for economic separation of material mixtures

Doppstadt’s new trommel screen Basic 518 is designed to be a compact, entry-level solution for small and medium municipal environmental services and recycling plants. The Basic 518 separates mixtures of organic substances, garbage and soil into fine and an oversize fraction. It has been developed for applications in smaller enterprises or recycling plants for the separation of compost, green waste and waste wood or for the separation of sand, gravel and soils in the recovery of construction materials. The basic model is equipped with high-quality Doppstadt components, it is driven by a Cat diesel engine, which complies with E3A and Tier 4 Interim regulations. The feeding hopper accommodates four cubic metres of material, which is separated in two fractions and discharged by the rear and front conveyor. Units also feature reduced maintenance and allow for easy transportation.

Keestrack introduces R5e hybrid impact crusher Following the recent introduction of its fully hybrid H4 cone crushers and B4e jaw crushers, Keestrack is now introducing the R5e hybrid impact crusher unit. This new model is designed to guarantee full capacity at low consumption costs with the aid of a directly driven 350 t/h crusher and electrical transport and screen components, ideal for application in recycling, large-scale projects and quarrying. The Keestrack R5 is a mid-range series of models with an approximate 42-tonne basic weight and a maximum of 50 tonnes, with an overband magnet and double-deck final screen, including oversize material recycler. The R5e is a diesel-electric version of the R5 350 t/h all-round model. Similar to the larger R6e impact crusher model, the R5e uses a highly efficient 5,100-kg rotor driven directly via a 345-kW Volvo six-cylinder diesel engine.

Centrifugal dryer saves energy for plastics recyclers HVT series centrifugal dryers from Herbold USA are engineered to provide gentle energyefficient drying of regrind, especially hollow bodies, PET bottles, polyolefins and other plastics. The HVT’s distinguishing feature is its vertical rotor shaft, which ensures longer dwell time in the drying chamber. This vertical design also offers the added advantage of significant space savings versus horizontal systems. The refinement of the HVT’s internal geometry, including the rotor and housing, minimizes the occurrence of fines and allows for greater yield. HVT dryers operate on the principle of centrifugal drying. Material is accelerated against a screened stator surface and is simultaneously transported from bottom to top by rotor paddles. Energy savings are achieved by a reduction in motor size. A typical one- or two-stage drying system for PET flakes with a 150-hp motor would yield a throughput of 2.5 to 3 tons/hour. An HVT system can equal that performance with a drive motor of only 75 hp.

Sennebogen’s signature Maxcab updated for increased comfort Now standard on Sennebogen material handling machines, the updated version of the Maxcab operator’s station is about 3 inches (70 mm) longer than the previous generation. The resulting cab expansion not only provides more space for the operator to work comfortably, it also offers additional room for an optional electric cooler behind the seat, as well

16 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

as additional storage space for other necessities. Other key features of the updated Maxcab include increased opening width on the sliding door for easier access; optimum climate control; tiltable front windshield and large side window panels that provide excellent visibility; and improved ergonomics throughout.

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Taking on

e-waste

MontrEal-based FCM Recycling has found success based on differentiating themselves from the competition in an ever-evolving sector by Keith Barker, Editor

Part of the team at FCM Recycling, (back row, from left to right), André Lauzon, Nicolas Charette, Valérie Cherrier, Andrew Rubin, Nicka Lavallée, Luc Chayer, Jöel Bussière. (Front row, from left to right): Gilles Marcotte, Natalie Lizotte, Karine St-Jean, Mark Busgang and Mahmood Mehrabzadeh.

ndrew Rubin bought FCM Recycling in 2010, converting it from a ferrous and non-ferrous recycler with a speciality in printed circuit boards, to a specialized processor of electronic waste. With headquarters and a shredder in Lavaltrie, near Montreal, FCM also has plants in Cornwall, Ontario; Elmsdale, Nova Scotia; and Delta, British Columbia (near Vancouver). He says the facilities in Delta and Elmsdale, as well as one facility in Cornwall and one in Lavaltrie, all receive and triage e-waste using manual tear-down shops. These facilities are basically preparing materials for FCM’s shredder, where they process about six tons per hour. In 2016, FCM processed approximately 29 million kilograms of e-waste, and Rubin expects to see a bit more when they tally up totals for 2017. “In 2017, we’re somewhere between 25 and 30,000 metric tons, or about 33 million kilos,” he says. “Most of our growth in recent years has come from finding customers and smaller recyclers to service – recyclers that don’t have

shredding capability, or don’t have the throughput necessary to process their customers’ goods. This has resulted in a decent boom in volume.” FCM’s main shredder in Lavaltrie is a 400-hp, low-speed, twin-shaft shredder manufactured by Quebec-based supplier Jecc Mécanique Ltée. Rubin says that compared to large shredders one might find at a scrapyard processing autos and ferrous, theirs is similar but has a smaller hammermill. They also use several smaller shredders on their line, including one from American Pulverizer and one from Shred-Tech. FCM runs material through several shreds, as well as an entire processing line with magnets, eddy currents and induction sorting. One of the largest differentiators from their major competition (which includes eCycle Solutions and GEEP) is that FCM does not engage in refurbishment. “We are solely an end-of-life asset management company,” explains Rubin. “So we destroy everything, which means customer data is 100 percent secure. While we know that there’s a lot of great software out there that will wipe a hard drive clean, there’s nothing more secure than throwing data-containing hardware into a giant shredder.”

January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

cover story

In 2017, FCM processed over 30 million kilograms of e-waste. plastics and e-waste

A second differentiator for Rubin’s operation, compared to other major e-waste recyclers, is that in January 2016, FCM Recycling became the first e-waste recycler in Canada to also operate a plastics recycling facility. With an initial investment of over $1 million and an annual capacity of 10 million pounds, FCM Polymers has been mandated to recycle the HIPS (high-impact polystyrene) and ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) generated through the FCM e-waste recycling process. Located at their Cornwall, Ontario facility, FCM Polymers converts plastics recovered and generated from FCM’s e-waste processing operations, cleans it, pelletizes it and prepares it for resale into local markets. “Our work in plastics recycling is a couple of years ahead of everybody,” says Rubin. “We feel that that’s a major differentiator for us from our competition, as our recycling rate is considerably higher because of our ability to domestically handle plastic. Plastics recycling has definitely provided great added value in terms of our revenue stream, and it also significantly reduces our carbon footprint. Where plastic would generally be loaded into

20 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

“

While we know that there’s a lot of great software out there that will wipe a hard drive clean, there’s nothing more secure than throwing data-containing hardware into a giant shredder. ” Andrew Rubin

a container and sent, often up to 7,000 kilometres away to China, we’re able to receive it, treat it, upgrade it and put it back into the material stream right here in North America.” Rubin adds that it’s also been easier from a logistics standpoint, in terms of not having to find another recycler

for the waste plastic they receive and produce through their e-waste recycling process. Though, he qualifies, “At the end of the day, once we process plastics, though we do have a finished good, we still have to find a home for it. It goes back into the manufacturing industry, and it still equates to us working with downstream customers to get the mechanical properties of the material to their satisfaction so they can use it in their process. In terms of selling the final product, it’s made it a little bit harder because we went from a standard, commoditized product, where there was an established market for it and it was exchanged with relative ease, to a more customized product for our customer.” As with all e-waste recyclers, Rubin says the most valuable products they produce are generally the printed circuit boards and insulated copper and precious metal mix. They also produce steel and aluminum, which are good value items but, he says, plastics has become a very important stream for them, now representing up to 30 percent of their total weight produced. “As electronics evolve there’s more and more plastics in them. When I first started in this industry plastics

represented maybe 15 to 20 percent of the average material stream. Today it’s upwards of 35 percent. And it’s weightbased, so if you consider how much less the bulk density of plastic is versus steel, you can only imagine how much it represents in terms of volume.” Rubin anticipates others in the industry will follow their model of being an e-waste recycler that also processes waste plastics. He adds that after a year of being immersed in the plastics recycling side of things FCM is now in a position where they have a customer base, regular buyers, and they know exactly what customers are looking for in terms of what type of criteria they need. “It’s going well,” he says. “Plastics recycling of course has its challenges. Because it is commoditized – it follows the prices of natural gas and oil.” With respect to tightening import requirements imposed on plastics and other recyclables in China, Rubin looks at it as an interesting opportunity.

“There is now more plastic material available domestically and it’s allowed us to source good bead stock, beyond what we generate ourselves,” he says. He does also admit that China’s new import restrictions present a significant challenge to the industry, as the current policy is not only affecting plastic, but a lot of metals and a lot of other material, post-shred, that was previously export product. “It’s injured the market somewhat, but we’re hoping things are straightened out relatively soon, or at the very least we see the development of more robust domestic markets for materials.”

Changing infeed, changing technology

According to Rubin, when the e-waste business started in Canada it was mostly based on a producer responsibility model. The bulk of the volume came from old CRT-TVs, which were really difficult to handle and were mostly

dropped off at eco-centres. As the model shifted toward smaller, more affordable items that weigh less because of volumes, he says it opened the door to put more collection bins in more accessible areas. He emphasizes though that the two biggest changes in e-waste have been items getting smaller and lighter. “There are less CRT-TVs, and more and more portable devices,” Rubin says. “This has also meant more lithium-ion batteries, which are a serious fire hazard, and which means they require much more manual manipulation.” Because every good is so different from the next, he adds that it’s proven to be a challenge to find technology that can safely remove batteries from e-waste in an automated fashion. FCM is still removing batteries manually. “Right now, seeing as this change toward lithium-ion batteries came on quickly, we do it by hand. We inspect each good and manually pull out the batteries, though we have explored a

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January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

cover story couple of automated technologies. “From my understanding, and our discussions with others, I don’t see that anyone has come up with a real automated solution to getting batteries out of e-waste, but we have our fingers crossed that where there’s a problem and a will, there might be a way.” Beyond the challenge of extracting batteries from e-waste, Rubin says the existing sorting technologies for electronic waste that are currently used have been around for several years, most of them borrowed from the auto shredding industry, including induction sorting, near-infrared sorting and optical sorting. “There hasn’t been a major technological advance in e-waste sorting equipment in the last few years. There’s been a lot of focus on plastic sorting though, so we’re hoping new technology comes soon, which will make our job a little bit easier.” Still, he does fully expect that AI technology will become a prominent part of their business within the next decade or so. “We do believe that one of the hardest and most complicated parts of our business is triaging materials, or sorting it, because there’s so many different printers, so many different faxes, so many different computers,” he says. “Eventually we’re going to get to a point where there’s a comprehensive database of these items, and a high resolution camera that will allow a machine to do the triage work.”

Responsible recycling of e-waste Rubin emphasizes that to FCM and its customers, the responsible recycling of e-waste is a very important factor. He says there’s two key elements to it. “Number one, our customers need to be sure that their data is being handled safely,” he says. “Let’s face it, in today’s world there’s a lot of information on a hard drive, a printer, a photocopier, and it really needs to be dealt with. For us, the safest way to handle that data is to put it in a shredder, leaving zero ability to reconstruct that hard drive or printer or fax machine. “Number two, we need to keep as high of a landfill diversion rate as

22 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

Sorting materials remains one of the most challenging aspects of e-waste recycling. possible, which allows our customers to go back to their shareholders and stakeholders and show what impact they’re having on the environment.” Currently, he says they have a 99.2 percent diversion rate, and the way they work with customers is that the higher the recycling rate they can provide, the higher the compensation. “So we guarantee them a certain recycling rate, and if we’re able to exceed that, there’s a bonus to it.” He says they also produce CO2 reports, which are basically emission offset reports that customers can show to their stakeholders, detailing how many tons of carbon they’ve saved from the atmosphere by having their goods recycled. “Right now, unfortunately, there’s no legal requirement for companies to make sure their end-of-life goods are properly handled and safely disposed,” he says. “We operate under the hopes that good samaritans, which there are many out there, will choose the green option, not the cheapest option, ensuring that their data is protected and that as much material as possible is diverted from landfill. “When material comes to us, we’re not just harvesting what’s valuable and landfilling the rest. We’re properly dealing with the mercury that’s coming in scanner-based devices and batteries

are being properly treated. Leaded glass from old CRT-TVs is also being properly disposed of and handled. “When we receive goods and we promise destruction, we issue a certification of destruction, putting our reputation on the line that it is destroyed. And we are absolutely legally liable in the event of a breach. As are all recyclers treating sensitive data.” With respect to the illegal overseas dumping of e-waste Rubin says this issue is a tough one, but not one that he sees as a common occurrence in Canada. He says that once certifications are achieved there is a compensation scheme managed by the EPRA (Electronics Product Recycling Association) which allows for payment to properly process e-waste. “The people that we deal with are all on the level, and therefore are not exporting any waste illegally,” he says. Rubin explains how they undergo very rigorous audits to the R2 standard as well as the Canadian standard known as RQP (Recycler Qualification Program). FCM is audited through a quarterly mass balancing and is required to account for any materials that come in, show where it went, and is subject to surprise audits as well as health and safety audits. FCM is also ISO 9001, 14001, 18001 certified, as are most Canadian recyclers, according to Rubin. When it comes to tracing materials

once they leave FCM, Rubin says that it’s a question of knowing which companies materials are going to and that those companies are all certified. “We conduct an on-site audit for every company where we’re sending goods,” he says. “So we’re able to track those materials all the way through to final disposition, and we have to have an R2 approval and an RQO (RQP) approval to use a downstream processor. So they’re vetted quite heavily.”

the path to improving on E-waste recycling in canada

In Canada, the Electronic Products Recycling Association (EPRA), a notfor-profit organization based out of Mississauga, Ontario, is responsible for managing government-approved programs that are established by manufacturers, retailers and other stakeholders to collect and responsibly recycle end-of-life electronics. “The EPRA has done a really great job in harmonizing the market, making it fluid across the all the provinces, so recyclers know what to expect, and can have proper treatment schemes in place,” Rubin says. He adds though that the EPRA has been a little bit limited in some provinces. Ontario is an example. When it comes to e-scrap, Rubin refers to the provincial climate there as a free market where private companies can collect directly from consumers and they are only allowed to service other businesses. “A lot of businesses have popped up trying to make money by buying e-scrap from the public and then brokering it over to electronic recyclers who then apply for a tipping fee to Ontario Electronic Stewardship,” he explains. “The problem is that electronic waste inherently has a negative intrinsic value. So unlike a car where you can take what’s valuable and get rid of the rest, we have to treat a lot of deleterious elements, a lot of hazardous items at cost. “This means that once a recycler has gone through the whole process of treating electronic waste, it actually costs more to treat it than the value of products generated. So what happens in Ontario, is because you’re paying out so much money to get the goods,

there’s very little margin there for you to actually process the goods.” Because of this, FCM considers the Ontario market to be a little bit stalled and it is not a main focus for them. “Plus, we’re always competing with landfill,” Rubin adds. “So what we feel is needed is a ban on electronics to landfill.” He says they would also like to see collection programs expanded in Ontario and in all provinces to encompass a wider range of consumer goods, like in British Columbia, where collection and EPR doesn’t stop at electronics. It extends itself all the way into toasters and microwaves, vacuum

cleaners and power drills. “That’s a huge source of product that needs to be diverted from landfill,” he says. “And unfortunately, in most places in Canada, this category of waste is kind of caught up a little bit in the legislative framework. “To add another product to an EPR program means regulators have to open up the legislation, change it, rework things, have a debate, and so it is a slow process.” At FCM, they would love to see these kinds of changes move faster. As Rubin says, “there remains simply too many items going into landfill that really do not need to.” RPN

Model 4 The new model 4 E-Z log Baler is just what mid size scrap yards have been asking for! Priced right for any yard — small, mid size, or large! Like the Model 3, the NEW Model 4 has no set up time and a very low cost to operate. The one man operations are all handled from the newly designed cab. With the 400º rotation crane and a reach of 27’ adding the continuous rotation grapple, it makes loading the larger chamber a breeze. Taking your loose scrap to a highly sought after shreddable log.

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January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

scrapyard equipment & operations

Tri-State Iron & Metal Achieves Higher Yield on Ferrous Shred Eriez’ Shred1 Ballistic Separator key to producing #1 shred with less than two percent copper

crap processors are continuously seeking new and innovative ways to obtain a premium ferrous shred which yields a higher value per ton and meets the most stringent steel mill standards. That goal was particularly top of mind at Tri-State Iron & Metal Company as the owners were considering how to supply a very high-grade ferrous product to steel mills while reducing their picking labour. Established in 1947, Tri-State Iron & Metal is a thirdgeneration family business which is still located in its original plant in Texarkana, Arkansas. The business has grown rapidly over six decades with the capacity, experience and expertise to handle any recycling needs, including steel, iron, aluminum, brass, copper, auto bodies and many other types of scrap. Tri-State set a goal to increase company profits by supplying a very high-grade ferrous shred to steel mill customers, while at the same time reducing the amount of hand picking on their line. To meet that goal, the company researched and ultimately purchased a Shred1 Ballistic Separator from Erie, Pennsylvania-based Eriez.

Built to separate ferrous from mixed metals

The Shred1, designed to efficiently separate iron-rich ferrous from the mixed metals and waste material in the postdrum magnet flow, produces a premium low-copper shred. “We had a few objectives when we were looking at the Shred1,” recalls Adam Glick, vice president at Tri-State Iron & Metal. “We needed our ferrous shred to contain less than two percent copper. Previously, we were between 2.4 percent to 2.6 percent copper content We also wanted to reduce our hand-picking labour cost with a more efficient way of handling this process. Ideally, we were looking to use technology rather than labour to increase our profit margins.” The Eriez Shred1 uses magnetics and ballistics to separate materials into two distinct fractions: a premium low-copper ferrous #1 shred (less than 2 percent cu) and a traditional #2

24 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

Eriez Shred1 ballistic separator, designed to efficiently separate iron-rich ferrous from the mixed metals and waste material in the post-drum magnet flow, produces a premium low-copper shred. shred. The first fraction is a high-value, low-copper-content ferrous product. The second fraction represents less than 25 percent of the flow and contains mostly mixed metals, copper and aluminum with steel housings or cores. The 25 percent (#2) product goes through a picking station where fewer pickers are required. Those pickers are more efficient because of the lower volume of the #2 shred. The first fraction is worth considerably more than a #2 grade fraction and the demand for this #1 grade product is on the rise. The more ferrous recovered from the shred, the greater the profit, in both higher quality scrap and increased copper pickings.

better recovery provides competitive advantage

Selling a premium low-copper content ferrous product gives operators a competitive advantage when dealing with most steel buyers and leads to greater value or greater share of the local resale market.

“

We needed our ferrous shred to contain less than two percent copper. We also wanted to reduce our hand-picking labour cost with a more efficient way of handling this process. Ideally, we were looking to use technology rather than labour to increase our profit margins.”

Adam Glick

Scrap processors see additional revenue by re-selling the residual copper from the #2 fraction, which is worth considerably more per pound than the ferrous scrap. “Interest in the Shred1 continues to intensify as scrap processors like Tri-State Iron & Metal seek greater value in a premium ferrous product,” says Chris Ramsdell, Eriez recycling product manager. “The ferrous premium combined with the increased copper pickings and reduced labour helps the Shred1 quickly pay for itself in three different ways.” For Tri-State, the Shred1’s ballistics enables them to automatically produce a premium #1 low-copper ferrous product. Its high-speed processing sends clean high-grade ferrous on a different trajectory than mixed metals like meatballs and wire harnesses, which contain some copper or non-ferrous metals. These mixed metals degrade the ferrous product and often render the frag to low value uses such as rebar production. The premium low-copper ferrous is highly valued by most steel mills and it is that sort of product that Tri-State can now deliver to its regional customer base. There is economical and operational return as well to TriState. Glick says the company reduced its pickers from four to two and has experienced a higher recovery rate with the technology of the Shred1. “We looked at different solutions to pull more copper out of the ferrous – even adding more pickers,” explains Glick. “But we decided to invest in the technology and had Eriez demonstrate the unit. “Eriez answered all our questions before we put it online.” Contributed by Eriez.

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scrap and C&D attachments guide

Tools for

Cutting, size reduction and sorting

For scrap and other municipal recyclers who receive a huge range of materials, and for contractors tasked with reducing C&D rubble, metal and wood to a manageable size for transport and recycling, choosing the right hydraulic attachment is essential. Key categories of this type of equipment for recyclers include: mobile shears for cutting metal; pulverizers and processors for breaking apart structures and size-reducing C&D debris; and grapples and buckets for sorting, crushing and screening materials. The latest models include increased power-to-weight ratios, 360-degree rotation capability, as well as more robust bodies, components and wear parts that are easily changeable and replaceable. Following is our annual guide to some of the latest models available from a range of established manufacturers. 26 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

Gensco

ZATO Mobile shear The ZATO FCE-II mobile shear (shown above) delivers increased power and performance leading to an increase in reliability, operating time and cost savings. With a new range of models, Zato mobile shears mount to a carrier’s second or third member position and feature Hardox jaws and frames to facilitate a large-bore cylinder and increased cutting power, along with lowered weight-to-cutting-power ratio, and increased jaw apex and throat design. Key features of Zato mobile shears include: • A newly designed regeneration valve that improves cycle time by up to 35 percent compared to standard hydraulic systems. • Four-way indexable cutting blades tapped and threaded for easy removal when a quick change is necessary. • Fully enclosed piercing tips around the nose, designed to increase performance and discharge heat and force. • Reduced razor blade and piercing tip gap to improve cutting and reduce material jams. • A dual-guide blade system with heat resistance and improved centring dowel which can be removed externally. • A shrouded robust pivot design with a unique “spherical ball joint” assembly, which corrects pin alignment when the shear is being forced to twist. • A new dual-adjustment clutch on the moving jaw that provides the ultimate stability, alignment and an increase to cutting power. • Increased welding on frame and lower jaw specifically in abrasive areas.

Geith

Mechanical Grappler

Rotar

RSP Static Pulverizers RSP 25 and 32 static pulverizers are highly reliable with fast cycle times and strong closing forces. Bodies are manufactured with high-grade and wear-resistant materials, making them not only able to penetrate through the toughest materials, but economically efficient as well. Key features include: • Replaceable teeth. • Jaw design that guarantees powerful penetration of material. • Speed valve developed by Rotar, designed to make sure the jaws close quickly and that they switch from speed to power mode as soon as a job requires cutting power. • Cross-mounted hydraulic cylinder. • Large-diameter hoses, bores and pipes that reduce return pressure in the hydraulic system.

Geith’s Mechanical Grappler maximizes production and minimizes downtime when handling recyclable materials. Eight models are available for excavators from 10 to 90 t and are designed for direct-mount or with a Geith coupler. Key features include: • Boxed tines for increased strength. • Replaceable bearings in main hinges. • O-rings that protect pins by keeping grease in and dirt out for longer life.

MB Crusher

MB-S SCREENING BUCKET Ideal for screening and selection before and after the crushing phase, the MB-S screening bucket series, available in seven models, reduces crushing time up to 60 percent. Key features include: • Interchangeable modular panels to allow a rapid change of grid size. • Conic basket shape designed to increase hourly production performance and to sift all material with no residue. • The basket’s front pin blocks stresses created by particularly large and angular materials – allowing an increase of the load capacity.

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January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

scrap and C&D attachments guide SBM

ShearMax Scrap and Demolition Shears ShearMax 1200X scrap and demolition shears cut through steel, including rebar contained in reinforced concrete structures, quickly and easily reducing material to a size suitable for recycling. Service weight is approximately 2,770 pounds (1,260 kg); length: 92.9 inches (2,360 mm); jaw opening: 34.4 inches (340 mm); jaw depth: 14.2 inches (360 mm); primary cutter length: 7.9 inches (200 mm); max. shear force throat/primary blade centre: 162/92 short tons (1,445/824 KN). Key features include: • 360-degree rotation. • Units can be mounted on smaller excavators ranging from 15 to 25 tons allowing access to spaces that larger shear attachments have trouble with.

AMI Attachments Inc.

Indeco North America

Extractor Demolition and Sorting Grapple

IFP and IRP Pulverizers

The Extractor is a versatile demolition and sorting grapple capable of taking down buildings, moving large volumes of material and picking through fine recyclables. Key features include: • Hardox wear plates and Strenx steel to move higher volumes of material using less fuel. • 360-degree rotation for accurate positioning.

The unique shape of Indeco pulverizers reduces force variation between start and finish operating sequences leading to greater efficiency and reduced working time and stress to the excavator. The IFP and IRP Series are particularly suited for primary demolition of buildings, vertical structures, flooring, slabs and external walls, as well as recycling applications and secondary demolition of reinforced concrete materials and structures. Key features include: • Better grip, easier handling and enhanced hydraulic energy. • Regenerative valve enables movable jaws to be closed more quickly. • Distance between cutters inside the jaws can be regulated so that steel rods inside reinforced concrete can be cut more efficiently. • Wide opening between jaws. • Full 360-degree hydraulic rotation with protection valve ensures material can be held firmly in jaws.

Okada America

TMB Trommel Screening Buckets TMB Series trommel screening buckets are ideal for screening C&D debris out of sand, soil, compost and other materials. The TMB Series features two-way drum rotation or operation in a single direction with a drum rotation speed that can be fine-tuned. The TMB Series is offered in four sizes for carriers ranging from 6 to 40 tons. Key features include: • Compact design that is lightweight and easy to operate. • Built-in control valve regulates flow and pressure, eliminating the need for costly plumbing. • Double-acting single-pump flow kit also runs a grapple, crusher or shear. • Rotation drum consists of four bolt-on concave screens that are easily replaced. • An assortment of screen sizes are available from 3/8-inch to four inches.

28 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

ShearCore

NPK

Fortress Mobile Shears

demolition grabs

The FORTRESS line of excavator-mounted mobile shears is designed to be sophisticated and structurally sound with a reduced number of parts. The shear features a patented two-piece piercing tip that covers the entire tip and doubles the size of the protected area. Key features include: • A massive pivot group that eliminates the need for an auto-guide (puck) and gives the shear a longer life and better cutting stability. • A much larger pivot assembly to accommodate the increased power. • Very high power at the piercing tip.

BTI

fixed-head pulverizer Quick cycle times and strategically placed teeth make the MCP-IT1300 fixed-head pulverizer an ideal tool for fast fragmentation and separation of rebar from concrete. Key features include: • Speed valve that guarantees high performance. • Valve alternates between power and speed, depending on the load, providing fast cycle times and high productivity. • Structure is made of high-quality wear-resistant materials at a hardness of HB400. • The mouth’s profile is reinforced and designed for high resistance to wear and maximum material production.

Made from Hardox steel, these versatile demolition grabs for excavators reduce operation costs for C&D and recyclables handling while fully protected hydraulic components help reduce downtime. Key features include: • 360-degree hydraulic rotation with no drain line required. • Replaceable pin bushings. • Interchangeable and reversible cutters.

January/February 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

scrap and C&D attachments guide EPIROC

SC-series steel cutters

LaBounty

MDG Series demolition grapples LaBounty’s Mobile Demolition Grapples feature 360-degree continuous rotation, heavy-duty turntables and synchronized jaws designed for C&D and a range of recycling applications. The perforated jaw design enables excellent visibility and material control with less pass-through and jamming. The MDG Series is an excellent choice for a wide range of applications including: • Demolition/dismantling of buildings. • Ship and Aircraft demolition. • Solid waste recycling, sorting, handling and land clearing. • Handling concrete and wood.

EPIROC (formerly Atlas Copco) steel cutter attachments cut down nearly any size steel with precision and offer very fast cycle times for demolition, deconstruction and scrap yard applications. Models range in size from 5,100 to 18,190 pounds for carriers starting at 13 tons and are boom or stick mountable. Key features include: • Cycle times as fast as five seconds. • Large slewing rings for fast, effective horizontal work. • Available as fixed steel cutter or rotatable unit.

Geith

Concrete Crusher

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Geith’s Concrete Crusher maximizes safety, performance and reliability for end users. Three models are available to best suit excavators from 30 to 52 t. Key features include: • Ideal for safe and controlled demolition of roads, bridges, foundations and more. • Utilizes the excavator’s hydraulic forces to crush concrete and cut rebar. • No additional hydraulics required.

NPK

material processors

for more power savings Having gravity work for you instead of against you reduces horsepower requirements and power consumption up to 50%

30 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

On-site versatility is optimized by the availability of interchangeable jaws, making NPK’s material processors for concrete, steel and rebar processing cost-effective and productive. An Integral hydraulic intensifier system boosts power by amplifying cylinder pressure to reduce cycle time, improving productivity and providing greater power-to-weight ratio. Key features include: • Three different interchangeable jaw sets. • Full 360-degree free power rotation. • Manufactured from high-strength, abrasion-resistant steel.

Kinshofer

DSX Series of Hydraulic Mobile Shears

Doosan

Rotating grapples Doosan 360-degree hydraulic rotating four-tine grapples feature a semi-closed tine design, allowing a firm grasp on most materials. A 5/8-cubic-yard grapple is approved for use with the Doosan DX210WMH-5 and the DX225MH-3 carriers, while a 1-cubic-yard grapple is approved for use with the DX300MH-5. Key features include: • Tines designed with AR400 high-strength, abrasion-resistant steel for increased durability. • Replaceable tine tips for easier maintenance. • Connecting grapples to Doosan material handlers is fast and easy with a hose kit and mount.

Kinshofer has introduced the DXS Series of hydraulic mobile excavator shears. The debut model, the DXS-50 model (shown), is ideal for scrap processing, tire recycling and C&D, and is suitable for 32- to 50-ton carriers, either boom- or stick-mounted. “We designed the DXS Series to enhance contractors’ productivity and ROI,” said Francois Martin, Kinshofer North America general manager. “Traditionally, more power means a larger cylinder, which results in a bigger, heavier shear and, often, a larger machine. The DXS-50 has the same-sized cylinder as shears in the same weight class, but with 20 percent more power, allowing our customers to achieve higher performance without investing in larger carriers.” Key features include: • Industry-leading power-to-weight ratios and jaw opening sizes. • Fast cycle times, high fuel efficiency and hydraulic efficiency. • DemaPower four-chamber cylinder for power similar to larger shears. • Double-acting speed valve for fast jaw closing and opening.

COUNT ON OKADA. Okada America, Inc.’s all-new Rotating Pulverizer ORC Series is designed for both primary and secondary crushing operations. The toughest concrete demolition jobs are no match for the ORC Series. The key design features include a unique double shell-shaped wedge that provides exceptionally greater crushing ability, patented Okada speed valve for faster cycle times and cost-saving reversible 7.1 inch long cutter blades. Call 1-800-270-0600 for the name of the Okada Distributor nearest you. You can Count on Okada.

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Hauling & Collection

collaboration adds capacity for

Autocar customers

Partnership with Hendrickson gives truck buyers option for dedicated front axle and suspension by Lee Toop, Associate Editor

Refuse and recyclables haulers have specific equipment needs that many other truck owners may not face, especially when it comes to severe service equipment. Heavier loads need special consideration, and a new partnership between two long-standing manufacturers gives that consideration to an important aspect of the truck – the front axle.

ruck manufacturer Autocar has joined with Hendrickson to offer an axle and suspension option on its severe-service refuse trucks that adds weight capacity to the front end of the truck. This is especially important for customers who operate front-loading trucks and need some additional capacity to ensure the truck operates at its full potential. With its fully custom approach to building refuse and recyclable collection trucks, Autocar is in a position to identify where customers need a little extra on their vehicles. A long-standing relationship with suppliers like Hendrickson helps that process along. “Every truck we build is custom engineered; we don’t have stock or standard

32 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

trucks,” comments Adam Burck, Autocar vice president of brand management. “We’ve identified a need to improve the front axle and front suspension on our heavy spec refuse trucks – first to increase capacity, and second, to make

sure that they are very reliable and have low maintenance costs. He continues, “We always want to give a better ride to our drivers, both when the truck is full and when it’s empty. Those are all very different challenges.

“We were very happy when Hendrickson proposed that they could build this suspension just for us.” Steve Hampson, marketing director with Hendrickson, says Autocar approached the company with very specific requirements for weight, performance and ride. Today’s steer axles in the refuse/recycle collection truck weight category are usually in the 20,000-pound range, but Hampson says Autocar wanted a little more coverage and capacity. “So we increased that capacity by an additional 800 pounds in order to give them more freedom of specification,” he says. “On the other hand, we wanted to provide something that was lightweight and based on our proprietary axle design, which is a hollow-block-section construction.” The hollow block construction,

Autocar’s ACX CFEL diesel in a front loader application.

compared to other axles which use an I-beam construction, was able to cut weight for the system, saving about 60 pounds. At the same time, its torsional characteristics were shown to be strong, improving the ride and handling, and it proved itself to be very durable. “It ticked all the boxes that Autocar was looking for in terms of an improved product,” Hampson says. The end result was the Steertek NXT front axle and integrated suspension system, which Hendrickson is building exclusively for Autocar trucks. “This is an exclusive offering to Autocar,” notes Hampson. “The refuse business has some unique conditions in the nature and operation of the vehicle – they stop and start many times per mile, for example, so it has a very demanding duty cycle. This product was designed for that application.” According to Adam Burck, Autocar is making use of the Steertek axle on its ACX severe-duty trucks, which he calls

“

We’ve identified a need to improve the front axle and front suspension on our heavy spec refuse trucks – first, to increase capacity, and second, to make sure that they are very reliable and have low maintenance costs.” Adam Burck, Autocar vice president of brand management

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Hauling & Collection the heavy-duty workhorses of the company’s customers. “The applications in which the load on the front axle tends to be a challenge are front loaders, both for commercial and residential uses,” Burck explains. “One application, for example, is the Curotto-Can, which hangs a lot of weight out in front of the truck – there’s quite a lot of leverage involved.” Autocar and Hendrickson have worked with clients to fieldtest the axle, with good results.

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34 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

Autocar is making use of Hendrickson’s Steertek axle on its ACX severe-duty trucks, providing a lightweight solution with an additional 800 pounds of capacity. “We put a number of field evaluation units out, which serves us two purposes: one is to use the product in real environments to test its durability, and in addition it provides customers the opportunity to experience it,” Hampson says. “The feedback was very positive – the additional weight savings allow the customer to either use that for additional load or, because the vehicle is lighter and therefore not having to haul that extra weight, it contributes to fuel savings. In addition, the ride characteristics and handling were considered to be very good.” The new Hendrickson offering means Autocar has another option to offer customers during the custom truck building process, Burck notes. With it now being available, truck owners in the upper range of weight specifications are able to select it during the build. “There will be a lot of different combinations of wheelbases, rear axles, bodies and types of refuse being collected,” he says. “All of that goes into computer models and determines the mix of weights that will be on the axle during a given day. There might actually be more weight on the axle when the truck is empty because there’s no load in the back pulling it down, for example, or it could be that as they load up the truck there’s more and more weight on the front axle. “All of that has to be considered, and in this case those heavier-spec trucks are probably going to be good candidates for the new axle.” RPN

single-stream MRFs

CP unveils Lightsout air drum separator Latest technology ideal for separation of light materials from glass

ightweight materials and contaminants can be challenging to separate from 2-inch minus glass. To solve this problem, CP Group has developed the LightsOut Air Drum Separator, a robust low-maintenance solution designed to clean mixed broken glass generated from MRFs. The LightsOut Air Drum Separator is a turnkey system designed to deliver maximum separation efficiency when processing high volumes of material. Systems ship ready to plug and play and there is no bag house or cyclone required. According to CP, LightsOut will separate light material such as film, fibre and grit from glass, and it can be used in C&D applications to separate light commodities from heavier materials. Additionally, there are no wear surfaces, the unit’s separation chamber has no blockage points, and the machine is easy to tune and adjust. It is also quiet and runs with no vibration. Three LightsOut models are available with infeed widths ranging from 24 to 60 inches, maximum material sizes from 4 to 18 inches, and with throughput up to 30 tph. “As owners and operators of a MRF, we have unique insights that help us build the best equipment for our customers,” says

Ashley Davis, director of sales for CP Group. “The LightsOut Air Drum Separator separates lightweight materials and contaminants from other valuable commodities. It requires no regular maintenance, doesn’t jam and has no wear parts. The result for our customers is a lower operating cost per ton.”

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single-stream MRFs

optical sorters and aI

boost throughput, quality and recovery for Penn Waste automated system puts recycler in position to take on more material with less labour

ngoing shifts in the material stream and increasing pressure from export markets for improved product quality has many single-stream and other recycling facilities scrambling for ways to increase end-product purity while still maintaining acceptable financial results. After seeing other processors adding labour and slowing down their lines to try to address the problem, Penn Waste president and owner Scott Wagner made the proactive decision in 2017 to invest in their facility’s high-tech sorting technology to stay ahead of the competition. The $3.5 million upgrade includes three new NRT optical sorters and a Max-AI Autonomous Quality Control (AQC) unit, as well as a new Eddy Current Separator and a MetalDirector unit at the end of the line used to capture any plastic or metal containers missed by the main sorting process. According to BHS, the company behind the retrofit, Max-AI AQC employs a neural-network-based AI to identify materials in a similar way to a person. Rather than using deterministic sensors, Max relies on its vision system and probabilistic decision making to provide robotic quality control for the plant’s PET containers. According to Penn Waste, their upgraded technology has not only increased their product quality and throughput – by

Penn Waste’s upgraded single-stream facility in York, Pennsylvania features three new NRT optical sorters and a Max-AI Autonomous Quality Control (AQC) unit, boosting capacity by nearly 30 percent to 45 tph. almost 30 percent, to 45 tph – but has also significantly reduced the plant’s headcount. “While others are slowly adapting to the new reality, our system is running more material than ever,” said Penn Waste Director of Recycling Operations Tim Horkay. “This upgrade was accomplished in just nine days and thanks to our partnership with BHS, we did not have to divert even a single load of material. The new container logic allows us to react to our new container-rich waste stream and capture more materials at higher levels of quality – with fewer sorters. “Commercial recycling isn’t easy right now, but thanks to this system and its upgrades, we are out in front and in a position to take on more material,” Horkay said. Contributed by Bulk Handling Systems.

36 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

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single-stream MRFs

Five Questions for the MRF Q&A with an industry expert

Material streams are changing. End-product purity requirements are tightening. ROI is dependent on commodities markets. How can MRFs best achieve operational efficiencies in such a complex, rapidly evolving sector? Van Dyk Recycling Systems’ Adam Lovewell asks five key questions about current MRF best practices and provides simple answers.

1 by Adam LovewelL

How can plants increase uptime and improve quality without having to invest in major equipment upgrades?

Incentivize sorters. Manual sorting is the first and last line of defense in a MRF. Sorters remove objects that cause jams and downtime, and remove prohibitives from final product streams. Setting targets and providing incentives to sorters can stimulate productivity, increase uptime and improve product quality. Sorters win when you win.

How can MRFs improve fibre quality?

Non-wrapping screens create cleaner fibre streams and are being used to target larger grades of paper, while optical sorters are now being installed to target smaller fibre, using a positive sort to achieve the highest quality.

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How can MRFs best deal with the rising percentage of film and decreasing percentage of fibre?

The quantity of newspaper in the stream still requires the use of traditional screening. However, the use of optical sorters to target the smaller fractions of fibre, including small OCC, is becoming increasingly popular. Positive removal of fibre from the system leaves the film in the negative fraction, which can be cleaned up using ballistic separators.

Are ballistic separators the future alternative for star screens?

Ballistics are currently utilized for the final cleanup of the container stream to remove any remaining 2D items and small fines. Limited capacity of these machines inhibits them from completely replacing star or disc screening, but as the percentage of large fibre continues to drop, ballistics (in conjunction with optical sorting) will gain a stronger presence in single-stream MRFs.

For What role should recyclers be looking to utilize robots?

Robotic technology never caught on in Europe after a decade of R&D, so why would it make a significant impact in the U.S.? Currently, robots are not being developed for pre-sort, fibre QC or container separation. Their role is limited to plastic container QC (quality control). Instead, we recommend investing in quality optical sorting. Why do 60 ppm with a robot when you can do 600 ppm with an optical sorter? From 2011 to 2015 Adam Lovewell was a systems engineer for RRT Design and Construction, based out of Long Island, New York. His focus there was on project engineering and construction management for projects in solid waste and recycling. In 2016, Adam was hired by Van Dyk Recycling Solutions as their midwest regional sales manager. Currently based out of Chicago, Lovewell has been involved in projects related to single- and dual-stream recycling, MSW/fuel systems, PET/plastics sorting, electronic scrap, ash handling, metals recovery and commercial mixed waste.

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Tire recycling

No tire left behind As Ontario tire stewardship enters its last year of operation, its Executive director reflects on what’s been accomplished and where things are headed Resulting from new legislation, Ontario Tire Stewardship (OTS) is scheduled to wrap up operations by the end of 2018. Until then, the organization will continue to maintain a successful recycling infrastructure and manage used tires in the province to ensure they are properly recycled.

by Andrew Horsman

id you know approximately 12 million new tires are sold in Ontario every year? But what happens to all those old, discarded tires? That’s where Ontario Tire Stewardship (OTS) and the Used Tires Program comes in. With the help of our industry partners, including a network of stewards, collectors, haulers, processors and manufacturers who

effectively recycle scrap tires, we continue to ensure that old tires in Ontario are not disposed of in landfills, illegally dumped or burned. In 2017, OTS reached an incredible milestone – the recycling of over 100 million tires since the organization’s inception. The Used Tires Program facilitates the collection of used tires from all parts of the province and the delivery to tire recyclers, leading to an extremely high provincial

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tire diversion rate. The program has also led to the creation of a circular economy by turning recycled tires into high-value, sustainable products that can be used in many applications. Since the beginning, the Used Tires Program has helped Ontario recyclers and product manufacturers advance the tire recycling industry by supporting innovation and investment in the development of new processes and end products. This focus and investment has led to innovative ways to transform old tires into cutting-edge, usable material. OTS initiatives have paved the way for multiple new uses for crumb rubber – the recovered material produced when old tires are recycled – and material made from recycled tires has been successfully used to revitalize community spaces and offer a range of sustainable options for consumer markets.

Supporting R&D in Ontario

OTS has worked alongside Ontario manufacturers to support research and development in the industry, leading to the creation of new products and more efficient recycling facilities. The primary goal of OTS’s R&D program has been to support the growth of a selfsustaining industry in Ontario and build high-value end markets for recycled rubber. To support this evolution, OTS

has focused investment in the domestic manufacturing industry, promoting economic sustainability where recycled tires are a valuable feedstock. Ontario’s recycled tire products industry is now well on its way to establishing itself. We are proud to see how Ontario’s manufacturers have innovated to expand into new markets, creating hundreds of jobs in the province, and have advanced tire recycling in Ontario up the value chain. The results of consistent scrap tire supply and steady investment has meant the creation of new manufacturing processes and equipment to facilitate the use of crumb rubber to make innovative, eco-friendly products for both industry and consumers. Among the major successes of OTS’ R&D program is our work with Fusion Thetics, who received a grant to support the integration of recycled crumb rubber into their manufacturing process to generate a new product. Based in southwestern Ontario, Fusion Thetics designs and manufactures innovative building material solutions for a variety of industries, produced using recycled materials. In fact, they are among the largest recyclers of coffee pods in North America, turning those used pods into composite building materials. To further expand their product offerings, Fusion Thetics applied for

“

By using recycled rubber products, communities are finding unique, sustainable solutions to enhance their spaces while strengthening Ontario’s economy.”

Andrew Horsman

OTS’s R&D grant to support a new product creation – rubberized composite lumber that is made using crumb rubber and recycled plastics. The addition of recycled rubber to Fusion Thetics’ formula has resulted in a product that provides strength, versatility and flexibility, further expanding its potential application and attracting new industries.

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Tire recycling Greening Community Spaces

Supporting the use of recycled rubber products in Ontario communities has been another focus for OTS. The Community Renewal Fund program has challenged communities to think green when planning their local projects and provided them with financial support to choose sustainable materials made from recycled tires. Since the creation of the Community Renewal Fund program, more than 85 community projects across the province have been awarded funding to improve their need-to-be renewed public spaces, such as playgrounds and fitness centres. By using recycled rubber products, communities are finding unique, sustainable solutions to enhance their spaces while strengthening Ontario’s economy. A unique project recently completed was a parking lot and walkway in King City, Ontario. The King City Heritage and Cultural Centre was looking for an environmentally friendly way to manage water runoff issues. The township took advantage of the grant to redesign its parking lot and walking path using recycled rubber bricks. What makes this project unique is the modular grid system that was used to hold the rubber bricks. It’s called Ecoraster and it is made from recycled plastic bags, therefore combining two recycled products, each designed using repurposed materials that might otherwise end up in landfills. In King City, rubber bricks were laid in a cobblestone-style pattern to provide a permeable surface, allowing water to flow through rather than pooling and potentially damaging the surface. The King City project is part of a pilot to test the recycled rubber product for potential installation across the township.

Helping Consumers Make Eco-Friendly Choices

Working in partnership with key retailers, OTS has also supported recycled rubber product retail rebates in an effort to encourage consumers to consider recycled rubber materials and help grow the market for goods made from retired tires. Used tires contain valuable materi-

42 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

als such as rubber, steel and polyester fibres that are recycled into innovative green products that are not only sustainable, but perform better than the traditional ones they replace. Delivering on our mandate of developing and a growing a robust and successful long-term recycling industry in Ontario, OTS’s Retail Rebate program helped Ontario consumers make environmentally sustainable choices. The in-store program at Lowe’s offered cost savings on recycled tire products such as garden borders and edging, rubber mulch and landscape tiles. It has been through programs like this that OTS has helped support the growth of Ontario manufacturing and has encouraged innovation in the sector, spurring new investment and jobs in the province.

Crumb Rubber for RMA

As we consider how recycled rubber will be used in the future, a significant market opportunity exists in Ontario for the expanded use of rubber-modified asphalt (RMA). The use of crumb rubber as a modifier in asphalt is an excellent example of creating a sustainable end-of-life option for used tires while delivering a product that is superior to its traditional counterpart. Globally, we are already seeing cities, states and national governments specifying the use of RMA on their roadways – and for good reason.

The redesigned parking lot and walking path at the King City Heritage and Cultural Centre incorporates a recycled rubber brick system to manage water runoff. The use of RMA offers a sustainable market for rubber recovered from scrap tires, but even more importantly, it is environmentally friendly, durable and performs in both hot and cold climates. It also provides improved noise reduction, better driving conditions, increased durability and proves to be a more costeffective long-term option for roadways across the province. Despite all these benefits, RMA is just starting to gain traction in Canada. Through 2018, we continue to focus our efforts to develop a market for RMA in Ontario. It’s heartening to see the many ways that OTS has helped build a legacy to bring sustainable, market-driven benefits to Ontario in just eight years. We are proud of the work we have done alongside our industry partners to support the tire recycling industry and create a circular economy where tires are no longer seen as waste, but as a resource that can be repurposed in new ways. Andrew Horsman is the executive director of Ontario Tire Stewardship (OTS).

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lastword How Government policy can help C&D recyclers building end markets is the best way to boost recycling rates

by Troy Lautenbach

everal actions can be taken by governments at all levels to support the recycling of waste products. One of the most common tactics is landfill disposal bans on recyclable materials in the waste stream. Two examples are the ban on drywall disposal in British Columbia, and the requirement in King County, Washington that all C&D loads with more than 20 percent recyclable material be rejected at the transfer station and sent to a Material Recovery Facility. However, the most important part of any recycling process is having strong end markets. The current situation in China is not

making it any easier for recyclers, especially on the West Coast of North America. As many know, China has long been a key end point for recycled materials ready for development into new products, mainly with respect to the traditional stream commonly referred to as curbside recyclables – paper, cans, glass, etc. Recently, low levels of deleterious requirements were installed for incoming loads of recyclables into China, to levels never seen before and nearly impossible to achieve. While this policy is affecting plastics and paper, we have also seen how the end of local market outlets has hurt the recycling of C&D materials.

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“

We suggest that governments

at all levels in North America should work assiduously to help find end markets for recycled products.” Troy Lautenbach

C&D biomass is a good example. The state of Massachusetts has a disposal ban on C&D wood that hasn’t passed through a recycling centre, but the amount of wood available for fuel in that region is overwhelming compared to the limited number of power plants that will use the end product – to the point where some of the fuel is being shipped as far away as Quebec. Few other local markets besides this one are available, making wood a major problem in New England and putting pressure on Canadian recyclers. A similar situation happened in the U.S. Pacific Northwest region. While local governments there strongly

encourage the recycling industry to recover as much as possible, in recent years some market outlets have disappeared. One large paper product company in the region, for example, that previously used C&D biomass as a fuel, has switched to natural gas. Multiple paper mills have also closed. No other new markets have opened up to fill the large hole for wood waste that these changes have brought. This has seriously and negatively impacted the local market for C&D biomass. We appreciate and support government initiatives to support recycling and recognize that bans are one tool in the government “tool kit,” but we suggest that governments at all levels in North America should work assiduously to help find end markets for recycled products. A few examples of how this can be done include tax incentives, pilot project funding and market demand incentives. As the China situation has shown us, without strong end market stability and demand, good recyclable materials end up in landfills, even with government disposal/recycling mandates.

C&D World celebrates 25 Years

The CDRA (Construction & Demolition Recycling Association) does many remarkable and beneficial projects for the C&D recycling industry. But the

longest running benefit that provides the most exchange of information is C&D World, the annual meeting of the CDRA. For 25 years we have presented the latest updates on the issues and opportunities in our industry, and the event includes an exhibit hall with the newest and best products and services for C&D recyclers. But perhaps the most important function of C&D World is the opportunity presented for attendees to interact in a non-competitive arena. It allows for a free exchange of information from all over North America. This was especially important 25 years ago when the show started, as there was nowhere for industry participants to find ways to improve their businesses. C&D recycling has changed and improved a lot in the past 25 years, and we like to think C&D World has done its part in fostering those improvements. C&D World’s 25th Anniversary event takes place in Nashville, Tennessee, February 10 to 13, 2018. Besides serving as president of the Construction & Demolition Recycling Association (CDRA), Troy Lautenbach is president of Lautenbach Industries. Mount Vernon, Washington, USA.

advertiser index

ELV Select................................... 41

Paradigm Software...................... 45

Exodus........................................ 27

PMR............................................. 40

American Baler......................... 40

Frontline Machinery..................... 47

R.M. Johnson.............................. 23

Benzaco Scientific.................... 45

Gensco Equipment...................... 29

Rotochopper............................... 48

BM&M Screening Solutions..... 36

Industrial Netting......................... 38

Sennebogen.................................. 9

Buffalo Turbine......................... 33

Intermat................................... 44

Steelweld Enviro Products.......... 21

CBI/Terex.................................. 35

Kensal Carbide.............................. 4

Van Dyk Recycling Solutions....... 15

CP Group.................................. 25

Kobelco Construction Machinery.... 7

Vermeer......................................... 3

Eco Green Equipment............. 17

Lindner America.......................... 39

VP Building Solutions.................. 34

Ecoverse................................... 13

Mack Trucks.................................. 2

WasteExpo.................................. 37

E-Crane.................................... 30

Okada America............................ 31

World of Asphalt.......................... 43

46 Recycling Product News January/February 2018

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