Recycling Product News March 2018, Volume 26, Number 2 by Baum Publications Ltd.

recyclinG PRODUCT news

Auto Focus

Behind the long-term success of B.C.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s only auto shredder page 20

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ferrous market report page 34 Wood waste sector positioned for growth page 39 A new era of automation page 44

January/February March 2018 2018

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features

Contents March 2018 | Volume 26, Number 2

20 Cover story Auto focus

42 five ways to maximize grinder profitability Richmond Steel Recycling has found long-term success as B.C.’s only auto 44 A new era of shredder Automation The rise of technology is right on 28 built to dismantle time to parry market pressure How the Kobelco SK210D is redefining the task of auto 48 equipment focus dismantling for Texas Auto Salvage Handheld scrap analyzers – 32 experience leads to wheeled handlers Sennebogen 825M handlers

comparing LIBS and XRF

56 Shuttered end-markets could open new doors CPIA’s Joe Hruska on the

challenges and opportunities for plastics in the face of restricted markets

61 Last word

Now is the time for innovation in North American recycling and manufacturing sectors

key for Tennessee-based RMG’s scrap operation

34 Market report: Ferrous 2018 outlook upbeat compared to

other commodities, by ISRI’s Joe Pickard

36 Branching out Vermeer tub grinders are heart of

the operation for organics recycler

Canadian wood waste recycling sector positioned for growth

Cover Story

Supporting a holistic approach to development

On the cover: John Rai and Brett Matheson at Richmond Steel Recycling with their Liebherr wheel loader.

@recyclingpn

42 March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

contents

recycling product news

March 2018 volume 26, number 2 Editor Keith Barker kbarker@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 305 associate Editor Lee Toop ltoop@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 315 Editorial director Lawrence Buser lbuser@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 310

associate publisher Sam Esmaili sam@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext.110 account manager Justin Barone jbarone@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 115 account manager David Gilmour dgilmour@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 105 advertising production manager Tina Anderson production@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 222 design & production Morena Zanotto morena@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 320 Circulation baumpublications@circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 vice president / publisher Ken Singer ksinger@baumpub.com vice president / controller Melvin Date-Chong mdatechong@baumpub.com

president Engelbert J. Baum ebaum@baumpub.com

departments 10 Upfront 16 spotlighT 20 Cover story 28 Auto Recycling 32 scrap yard equipment

48 6 Recycling Product News March 2018

& operations 34 market report: Ferrous 36 wood waste recycling 44 sorting & separation 48 Equipment focus: Handheld scrap Analyzers 56 plastics recycling 61 lAST WORD

Published by Baum Publications Ltd. 124-2323 Boundary Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5M 4V8 www.baumpub.com Phone: 604-291-9900 • Toll Free:1-888-286-3630 Fax: 604-291-1906 Recycling Product News is published eight times yearly: January/ February, March, April, May/June, July/August, September, October, November/December. Advertising closes at the beginning of the issue month. One year subscription rates for others: Canada $33.50 + 1.68 GST = $35.18; U.S.A. $40; other countries $63.50. Single copies $6.00 + 0.30 GST = $6.30; outside Canada $7.00. All prices are in Canadian funds. Recycling Product News accepts no responsibility or liability for reported claims made by manufacturers and/or distributors for products or services; the views and opinions e xpressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Baum Publications Ltd. Copyright 2018, Baum Publications Ltd. No portion of this publication may be reproduced without permission of the publishers. Printed in Canada, on recycled paper, by Mitchell Press Ltd. ISSN 17157013. PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270. Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: Circulation Dept., 124-2323 Boundary Rd., Vancouver, B.C. V5M 4V8; e-mail: baumpublications@ circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 or fax: 1-855-272-0972.

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from the editor

staying focused, eye on the prize

“

The implementation of reduced ‘carried waste’ thresholds starting March 1 remains squarely in focus for scrap recyclers despite numerous unanswered questions.” Joe Pickard, ISRI

t seems the industry can’t stop talking about China’s National Sword initiative, which is now officially and fully in effect as of March 1st. Since the country’s “scrap import ban” unofficially came into play through 2017, the policy has affected recovered plastics, fibre and nonferrous markets most significantly, while ferrous markets have not been impacted to the same degree. According to Joe Pickard, ISRI’s chief economist and one of our industry contributors this edition, “For ferrous market participants, the 2018 market outlook is ‘upbeat’ compared to other commodities.” This, he says is due in part to the sector’s relatively limited dependence on Chinese ferrous scrap import demand, expectations for relief from subsidized steel imports, rising domestic steel output, improving business sentiment, and elevated price levels across the ferrous supply chain. He adds that while overall exports fared better in 2017 and provide some ground for optimism, “we need look no further than available plastics data to see the potential impacts of China’s import ban on other scrap commodities.” China’s ban and change in regulations will no doubt continue to affect global scrap flows, while multiple questions remain. “The implementation of reduced ‘carried waste’ thresholds starting March 1 remains squarely in focus for scrap recyclers despite numerous

unanswered questions,” says Pickard. “Among those questions are: what exactly constitutes carried waste; whether one percent for nonferrous scrap and 0.5 percent threshold for all other scrap materials can be effectively (and consistently) implemented; and whether import license cuts will be geared mainly toward mixed metal shipments or for all nonferrous scrap commodities. Furthermore, the difference between scrap and waste remains a critical distinction in policy discussions moving forward.” The topic of global markets and the North American strategy for addressing current conditions will be a central theme of discussion at ISRI’s upcoming 2018 Convention & Exposition, set for April 14-19 in Las Vegas, as well as Waste Expo 2018, following that same month, and at CARI’s 2018 Annual Convention in Niagara Falls, in June. Our Last Word this issue, from Tracy Shaw, CARI’s president and CEO, as well as contributions from the Canadian Plastics Industry Association’s Joe Hruska, and BHS’ Peter Raschio, all address the challenges of adapting to current global markets for recovered materials, whether through changes in policy and regulations, end-market development or technological advancement. Clearly, the industry is well-focused, the discussion is on course, and as Tracy Shaw puts it, “Now is the time for innovation...” Keith Barker, Editor kbarker@baumpub.com 888-286-3630; 604-291-9900 ext. 305

Canadian Association of Recycling Industries

8 Recycling Product News March 2018

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UPFRONT robotics in recycling

Zanker among first in North America to install AI-powered robotic sorting San Jose-based Zanker Recycling, a construction and demolition (C&D) materials processing systems and recycling company, has awarded a contract to Plexus Recycling Technologies, the North American distributor of ZenRobotics. Two ZenRobotics ZRR2 AI robots will be among the first systems to operate in the U.S. and are expected to be operational by fall 2018. Zanker Recycling currently handles 2,600 tons of C&D material daily, processed through three recycling systems. This high volume taxes the limits of these systems, resulting in excessive overtime. By providing a fourth processing line, featuring the ZenRobotics system, Zanker Recycling says they will dramatically increase diversion from landfills plus decrease overtime and operating costs. “The advantage of deploying AI robotics to recycling differentiates Zanker from our competitors,” said

Michael Gross, director of sustainability for Zanker Recycling. “In this case it means identifying the sweet spot where a hybrid mix of our employees and robotics deliver the biggest payback, both to the bottom line and also to our employees, while increasing the diversion of recyclables.” The ZenRobotics ZRR2 AI will operate 20 hours per day with total system production at 150,000 tons per year,

TerraCycle US acquires Air Cycle Marking its first acquisition, TerraCycle US Inc., a leader in the collection and repurposing of hard-to-recycle postconsumer waste, has acquired Chicago-based Air Cycle Corporation, a leader in universal waste recycling that provides solutions for mercury-containing fluorescent bulbs, battery, ballast and electronic waste disposal. “This acquisition marks an important step in our growth and diversification strategies,” said TerraCycle CEO Tom Szaky. “Adding Air Cycle to TerraCycle’s core business means that we can now offer, for the first time, the collection and recycling of products mandated for disposal by federal regulations, in addition to the voluntary programs we’ve had for over ten years.” Air Cycle and its two decades of experience in the industry will join the TerraCycle Regulated Waste business unit and will operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of TerraCycle US, Inc. In its new capacity, the company will continue to offer lamp recycling products and services worldwide, through the Bulb Eater, EasyPak and National Bulk recycling programs. 10 Recycling Product News March 2018

increasing diversion of recyclables for Zanker by 20 percent. The operation will only allow a very small amount of human interaction to the sorting process, possibly as quality control, thanks to the two ZenRobotics Recyclers being installed on the 3D material sort line to handle the majority of the operation’s difficult-to-handle materials. “This will be the most advanced waste material processing facility in the world,” said Dane Campbell, the project’s system engineer from T3CHCOMP. “We have combined the very best equipment available into one fantastic recycling system for Zanker.” Plexus Recycling Technologies will provide Zanker with key European-built systems including the ZenRobotics Recyclers, as well as Komptech Terminator, Ballistor and Fines Drumscreen. To bring all of these systems together, along with key equipment from Action, Steinert and Keith Mfg., and a

Technology News

Kuusakoski method advances medical im Kuusakoski, based out of Finland, has developed a method of recycling magnetic imaging devices by separating electrolytic copper and niobium-titanium conductors, which are thinner than a human hair, from superconducting wires. According to the company, this innovation is useful cur-

More Industry News RecyclingProductNews.com

Organic waste management

New facility to employ Anaergia technology to recover farm and food waste for energy

PLC electrical control system from Hertlein Industries, Plexus selected long time C&D system leader Krause Manufacturing of the CP Group. “This will be a substantial milestone for all of us,” said Ashley Davis,

director of sales and marketing for CP group. “We are able to showcase our new Air Drum Separators and superior Glass Breaker Fines Screen next to technology partner Plexus’s equipment offering.”

al imaging device recycling rently, in particular because of the increased use of magnetic imaging in the healthcare industry, with many hospitals replacing their old devices with newer, more powerful imaging devices. Magnetic imaging requires an extremely strong magnetic field. For that reason, in the core of the imaging device there is a superconducting coil that is cooled with helium. This coil is sealed inside multilayered metal chambers and cast in resin. When old imaging devices from hospitals are recycled, everything that can be reused is carefully separated from them. The coil inside the resin block has traditionally required dismantling by flame cutting – dirty work that produces a lot of smoke. The recovered copper is also quite impure. Using Kuusakoski’s new recycling method, only the outermost case structures of imaging devices need to be dismantled with flame cutting. The coil and resin inside the machine are processed in a pyrolysis furnace. The coil’s copper wire is separated during this treatment. The wire also contains superconducting niobium-titanium conductors that have been rolled inside a copper wrap, which are also recovered. “Niobium-titanium cannot be separated from copper with mechanical methods or by melting,” said Arsi Saukkola, who is responsible for R&D in Kuusakoski’s precious metals department. “That is why we developed an electrochemical production method. This method produces very pure electrolytic copper and niobium-titanium wire. The test production phase was a success, and now we are ready for actual production according to market demand.”

Construction is underway at a new facility in Yabu City, Japan, that will use technology and equipment from Burlington, Ontario-based Anaergia to convert both farm waste and food waste into renewable energy. The facility, operated by Toyo Energy Solution Co., will use Anaergia’s advanced solid waste processing and wastewater treatment equipment. The facility will take in a combination of farm waste and food waste, and will treat it with a wide range of Anaergia’s equipment. This equipment includes Anaergia’s proven manure feeding system and its BIOREX system that extracts organics from unsorted waste, as well as other proprietary resource recovery and treatment equipment. Organic feedstock recovered from the waste streams will be transformed into renewable energy via anaerobic digestion. Biogas, produced in the digestion process, will be converted into approximately 1.4 MW of electricity. Wastewater produced by the facility will be treated to “reuse” water quality standards, using next generation membranes from Anaergia’s Fibracast subsidiary. Adjacent to the facility, a state-of-theart greenhouse will also be built that will utilize waste heat recovered from the facility. “Toyo Group is partnering with Anaergia to develop this biogas plant in Japan, and other potential opportunities in the Far East region, to utilize Anaergia’s leading technology to contribute to waste diversion and CO2 reduction,” said Yoshimitsu Okada, president and director of Toyo Group. “This new facility underscores Anaergia’s commitment to the Japanese market, and it is the direct result of Anaergia’s exemplary partnership with Toyo Energy Solution Co.,” said Andrew Benedek, CEO of Anaergia Inc. March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

UPFRONT MRF news

Levenseat fuel preparation plant projecting 98 percent diversion

Enerkem signs agreement for over 100 facilities in China by 2035

Enerkem Inc. announced at the end of January that it has signed an agreement with Sinobioway Group worth over C$125 million in the form of equity investment in Enerkem Inc., future licenses, equipment manufacturing and sales. The agreement includes plans for the creation of a major joint venture that will lead to the construction of over 100 Enerkem state-of-the-art facilities in China by 2035.

SWANA establishes Task Force

The MRF provided by Machinex at the Energy-from-Waste (EFW) plant for Levenseat Renewable Energy Limited, in Lanark, Scotland, has now been fully operational since the end of 2017. According to the company, the 200,000 tonnes of commercial and industrial waste, along with all the MSW expected to be received annually, will be diverted from landfill at a rate of 98 percent. Currently, Machinex is also completing an adjacent 13 tph container sorting facility, designed to treat dual-stream materials containing glass. It is expected to be operational by Spring of 2018. “The MRF will allow us to maximize recovery of valuable material from municipal solid waste and prepare the remaining waste into a fuel for our energy-from-waste facility,” said Angus Hamilton, director at Levenseat Ltd. “Machinex has been key to helping us achieve this and we are happy to be working with them again on the design and installation of our container recycling facility.” “What we achieved for Levenseat at their waste treatment facility represents an important part of the future of our industry,” commented Jonathan Menard, executive VP sales and strategic positioning at Machinex. “Turning waste into energy and removing recyclables is an environmental and economical solution for many large cities and regions, not only in Europe but all around the world.” The Levenseat system is processing 42 tonnes of material per hour and it will produce a minimum of 100,000 tonnes per year of high quality RDF (Refused Derived Fuel) as a feedstock for the adjacent Levenseat Power Plant, while also maximizing the recovery of high value recyclables such as paper, cardboard, plastic, metal and wood. The system also produces a Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) stream from super-light and high calorific non-recyclable waste commodities. Key technology at the plant provided by Machinex includes a trommel, air separators, MACH Ballistic Separators, MACH Hyspec optical sorting units, two single-ram balers, as well as a belt dryer manufactured by Andritz.

12 Recycling Product News March 2018

The Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA) has established a new Recycling Task Force, created to provide guidance to members, industry stakeholders, state/provincial and local governments, and elected officials, concerning the challenges facing recycling programs in the United States and Canada. With China’s waste ban already in place and the 0.5 percent contamination standard taking effect as of March 1, SWANA’s Recycling Task Force will develop and support strategies for ensuring the continuation of sustainable recycling programs throughout North America.

SCS Engineers to oversee construction of advanced MRF in Maine for Fiberight

SCS Engineers, based out of Long Beach, California, hired as the independent engineer and construction monitor by Fiberight LLC, recently submitted their due diligence report supporting the construction of an advanced materials recovery and processing facility (MRF) in Hampden, Maine. The 180,000-ton per year MRF, being built in partnership with CP Group, which is supplying all of the MRFs front-end technology, will recover and convert mixed waste materials into high-value commodities. The facility will serve 83 municipalities and public entities.

GFL acquires Smithrite Disposal and Carney’s Waste Systems GFL Environmental Inc. recently closed the acquisition of Smithrite Disposal and Carney’s Waste Systems. Smithrite and Carney’s are B.C.-based independent solid waste service providers in British Columbia, providing solid waste, recyclable and organic food waste collection, hauling, processing and management services to municipal, commercial and industrial customers. The acquisition will complement and extend GFL’s existing solid and liquid waste operations in B.C.

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Industry Events

ISRI update

CBI and Terex Ecotec demonstrate latest equipment live at COMPOST 2018

ISRI launches mobile app

CBI and Terex Ecotec drew big crowds at the US Composting Council’s 2018 Conference and Equipment Demo, held in Atlanta in January. More than 1,200 visitors attended the industry’s largest trade show dedicated to composting and organics recycling, with hundreds of industry professionals stopping by the demo site to see machines running live. CBI showcased their 5800BT and 6800BT horizontal grinders, while Terex Ecotec ran their TDS 820 slow speed shredder (shown here) along with a Phoenix 2100 trommel screen and TWT 500 windrow turner for large crowds throughout the demo portion of the event.

The Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries recently launched a new mobile app called ISRI Connect, available for download on Apple and Android devices. “ISRI Connect takes advantage of the latest in mobile technology to bring ISRI members and others together,” said ISRI’s Mark Carpenter. “It gives recyclers the tools, access and information needed to operate successfully at any given time. It will also enhance the attendee experience at ISRI events through interactive features, the ability to better manage schedules and relationship building with other attendees.”

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UPFRONT MRF News

Monterey MRF to process 80 tph singlestream, mixed materials and C&D

Liebherr sponsors first live DEMO at National Demolition Association event Liebherr USA’s Construction Equipment division served as the official sponsor of the first Live DEMOlition event, at the National Demolition Association’s (NDA) Demolition Austin 2018 trade show in February. Liebherr showcased three machines at the event, including an R 936 Demolition Excavator, an LH 30 M Material Handler and an L 550 XPower Tier 4 Final Wheel Loader.

New tire recycling facility planned

The Monterey Regional Waste Management District (MRWMD), in California, has started up its new MRF. Supplied by Bulk Handling Systems (BHS), this technologically advanced recovery system processes up to 80 tons per hour (tph) on two lines. The multi-material line processes 30 tph of commercial and residential single-stream, or 40 tph of commercial mixed materials, while the construction and demolition line handles 40 tph. The $24 million project occupies 100,000 square feet of the District’s campus, which also includes the country’s first SMARTFERM anaerobic digestion system. “This first-of-its-kind system on California’s Central Coast will provide the regional building industry with compliance for the CalGreen 65 percent diversion mandate for new construction,” said District General Manager Tim Flanagan. “It will also provide the incremental diversion necessary for our community to meet the State 75 percent recycling goal by 2020.” To recover the maximum amount of materials, this system’s recycling line features BHS bag-breaking and screen technology to present liberated and consistently sized fractions to Nihot Single Drum Separators, which remove contamination from the fibre and container streams. To ensure recovery of high quality paper, an NRT FiberPure optical sorter positively sorts either plastic film or paper, depending on the material stream and the operator’s discretion. NRT’s patented In-Flight Sorting technology is employed to accurately recover various types of plastics, production decisions that the operator can change based on marketability. All recyclables are baled with a Kadant PAAL Konti baler. “The MRWMD has been a long-time partner to BHS and we are honoured to have once again delivered a state-of-the-art solution,” said BHS CEO Steve Miller. “Processing 80 tons per hour is an achievement for any operator, but the district really stands out in its deep commitment to high levels of both recovery and product quality. Their leadership has committed to the technology necessary to achieve their desired results as they continue on their path to a zero-waste future.”

14 Recycling Product News March 2018

Sweden-based Enviro Systems has signed an MoU with ArticCan Energy Services, based out of Regina, as a first step in establishing a new 30,000-tonnes per year capacity tire recycling plant in Canada. ArticCan has been in operations for over 10 years, providing services to the Oil & Gas industry, and have expanded their operations to include provision of energy efficiency, environmental and sustainability services. “The signing of the MoU with Enviro represents a significant milestone in our strategic vision of finding a sustainable solution that allows recovery of valuable materials from end of life tires,” said Dr. Anastassia Manuilova, VP, Energy and Environment of ArticCan.

Newalta and Tervita merger to create largest energy-focused waste and environmental services company Newalta Corporation and Tervita Corporation, have announced that they have entered into an agreement to combine their businesses, creating the largest publicly traded energyfocused environmental solutions provider in Canada. The company will provide waste processing, treating, recycling and disposal services to customers in the oil and gas, mining and industrial sectors. The transaction, which will result in the merger of Newalta and Tervita, under the name New Tervita Corporation, is expected to provide significant scale, resources and future growth opportunities for the newly formed company.

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Distributor update

Expansion News

Lindner Recyclingtech invests in North American expansion

Komptech secures new dealer in Canada

Lindner Recyclingtech GmbH, a European leader in industrial stationary and mobile shredding equipment, has opened its new North American headquarters located in Statesville, North Carolina. In late 2017 the company completed the purchase and renovation of a 25,000 square foot facility on a 4-acre campus and renamed its fully owned U.S. subsidiary Lindner Recyclingtech America. The new facility is focused on expansion of the Lindner parts inventory and service support team, along with a fully operational customer demonstration and test lab facility. “The investment we have made in our North American subsidiary is one to support our customer base as we continue to expand our market presence in the waste, plastics and paper recycling, and mobile shredding businesses,” said Michael Lackner, managing director of Lindner GmbH. “With our new operational facility and added staff we now have increased our inventory levels along with giving customers the opportunity to visit and run production tests as well as receive service and operation training. This investment gives Lindner the foundation to continue its success in the United States and Canada.”

Alberta-based Tyalta Industries recently confirmed a partnership with Komptech Americas to offer screens, shredders, windrow turners and separation technology in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. Tyalta, part of the aggregate equipment industry for over 20 years, wanted to complement their product line with organic processing equipment. According to the company, Komptech’s extensive line of equipment helps position Tyalta and its already well-established customer base to profit from opportunities in recycling. “Tyalta’s focus on customer satisfaction and quality products, coupled with their ability to quickly respond to service requests, is exactly what the territory needs,” said Lee Short, Komptech’s Western Canadian area manager.

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spotlight Model 2460XP added to Beast lineup Bandit Industries has added an additional option to The Beast horizontal grinder lineup by introducing the model 2460XP. Available as a towable or track machine, the 2460XP is built from the ground up to outperform every other horizontal grinder in its class. “We looked at everything when designing the model 2460XP,” said Bandit Sales Manager Jason Morey. “Every design decision, every standard feature, and every option was chosen to make this the most productive horizontal grinder with 520 horsepower. Anyone who sees the 2460XP in action will be able to immediately see what makes this unit so special.” Morey adds that particular attention was paid to making the 2460XP among the easiest horizontal grinders to service and maintain. Common maintenance items were designed to be accessible from either the ground or on built-in platforms, reducing maintenance downtime and increasing useful uptime. In addition, for the tracked 2460XP, Bandit offers Strickland and Caterpillar undercarriage options, giving customers an additional option for their track machines.

New online tool calculates revenue loss in UBC recovery streams Industrial Magnetics, Inc. recently published a new tool on their website to help plant managers calculate potential revenue loss from their existing Used Beverage Can (UBC) recovery lines. Reclaiming aluminum cans typically involves the use of an Eddy Current magnetic separator, which repels the can as it passes through the magnetic field. In this way, the aluminum is “thrown” and separated from the rest of the waste stream for recycling. As Eddy Current Separators can vary in their magnetic field strength, overall design, and years in use, this new online tool aims to help users identify what inefficiencies in their current equipment may be costing them. Taking into account factors such as number of cans missed in 60 seconds, the current price of aluminum and the number of hours the line runs, managers can better assess their current productivity and evaluate the pay-off on the investment in new equipment.

16 Recycling Product News March 2018

“Key to any of The Beast horizontal grinders is the patented downturning cuttermill,” Morey said. “The 2460XP is equipped with a 60-inch wide by 30-inch diameter, 30-tooth cuttermill, running Bandit’s patented saw-tooth style cutterbodies. This regulates the size of the tooth’s bite, so most of the material is sized on the initial cut, allowing material to be sized correctly on the first pass so it exits the larger screening area more quickly.”

McCloskey introduces UF1200 Universal Feeder Peterborough, Ontario-based McCloskey International now has a high-capacity universal feeder in its lineup, engineered to deliver powerful, reliable and portable production at 650+ tph. Designed for virtually any application, including recycling and waste-to-energy, the UF1200 comes with a standard tipping grid, and offers a number of options including vibrating grid, aggregate hopper, mulch hopper or shredder. The unit’s stockpile height, at 24 degrees, reaches 4 metres (13 feet 3 inches) making this feeder an efficient partner for stackers. Other key features include: a 1,200-mm (48-inch) wide feed conveyor; 10.01-cubic-metre (13.09 -cubic-yard) high-capacity hopper; choice of remote control tipping grid or live head; tracked or wheeled for mobility onsite and from site to site; 48-inch integrated stockpiling conveyor; fast setup time; and ground level access for ease of maintenance and service. “Helping customers achieve greater production levels is what drives us to design and manufacture innovative products,” said Paschal McCloskey, president and CEO of McCloskey International. “This design takes their processing to a new level, and we will continue to look at new ways to develop our products to meet the unique challenges of projects around the globe.”

Our look at the latest new and updated equipment, technology, Parts and systems for recycling and waste management

SEDA’s latest tire recycling technology available from ELV Select the user from shattered alloy rims. This Austrian-built equipment is available in Canada through Ontariobased ELV-Select.

pushes the rim down and away from the tire, providing a cycle time of only 20 seconds. Additionally, a self-raising plastic and steel mesh guard protects

IMITATED BUT NEVER EQUALED SEDA’s new T-REC XXL is designed to quickly and easily separate tires from wheel rims. T-REC stands for ‘TireRecycling’, and with this advancement of SEDA’s technology, recyclers and other users are assured more power and dimension when processing tires. These units will process about 100 tires per hour, and incorporate unique time saving and safety features. T-REC XXL will process all kinds of tires, including run-flat tires, with both alloy and steel rims, as well as tires found on bigger cars such as: Audi Q7, VW Tiguan, BMW X5 and Mercedes ML. With its unique, laser-aided quick adjustment system, T-REC XXL can separate tires from all sizes of rims, steel and alloy, up to a maximum size of 22 inches. The unit incorporates a sturdy piercing device to deflate the tire and hold it in place while a hydraulic unit

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March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

spotlight Doosan’s new DL280-5 wheel loader with optional guarding to be displayed at ISRI Doosan Infracore North America will display its new DL280-5 wheel loader with optional guarding package at the 2018 Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI) convention and exposition, in Las Vegas, April 16 through 19. This new dealer-installed optional guarding package includes a range of features designed for working in harsh conditions such as scrap processing, waste transfer stations, recycling and demolition. Some features of the optional guarding package include air-intake protection, and guards for a range of key areas susceptible to damage in harsh applications, including the axle seals, belly pan, cylinders, drive shaft and headlights/tail lights. Additionally, on this latest model, heavy-duty axles deliver high-level machine performance in harsh applications, and allow owners to use solid tires to improve uptime where pneumatic tires are susceptible to puncture. According to Doosan, these wheel loaders are also designed for fast cycle times with variable displacement piston pumps that provide excellent speed, control and multifunction operation, making them an ideal machine for repetitive tasks at recycling centres.

DuraTech offers 12- and 15-inch tree chippers DuraTech Industries now offers TC-12 and TC-15 Tree Chippers in its line. Using 129hp (96 kw) CAT C4.4 engines, these powerful chippers can grind land clearing and other tree waste, including logs up to 12 and 15 inches in diameter respectively. The TC-12 also has a Kubota V3800 88 hp (74 kw) engine option. “We offer a large tree chipper, TC-15, with the same advanced and powerful technology utilized in our grinders,” said Bob Strahm of DuraTech Industries. “Our TC-12 Tree Chipper entered us into this market and we expanded further into this territory.” Both chippers feature a spring-loaded feed wheel with adjustable down pressure, an optional height sensor that automatically adjusts the feed roller to material size and an optional hydraulic gathering winch. A hydraulic two feed roller system feeds four 4.5inch knives. These high-powered units discharge debris 360 degrees from the hydraulic rotating adjustable chip spout, allowing the user to alter chip disposal, and feature multiple safety features, including innovative hopper safety light bars with easy and instant shut down. There are also two E-stop switches, a disc hood closed proximity switch and a breakaway brake switch to ensure the safety of operators.

18 Recycling Product News March 2018

New IMRO UltraHigh Frequency ECS available from TAV

The new RCSX-E series ultra-high frequency eddy current separator from Germany-based IMRO, and recently introduced to the North American market by TAV Holdings out of Atlanta, Georgia, is able to process up to 15 tph. Magnetic frequencies range above 1,300-hertz, with rotors spinning at 4,000 rpm. According to TAV, the value of having this series in downstream processes is that the E series excels at separating nonferrous metals under 3 mm (1/8-inch), a size range that is traditionally challenging for a high frequency ECS to recover. With its patented adjustable pole system that can go from 0 to 20 degrees, the E series can handle all types of applications with extra fine material. IMRO’s E series also provides a patented shell ring with lifting assistance to easily replace a shell when needed, plus with an electrically adjustable splitter, this eddy current provides an infinitely variable system for all applications. TAV is offering the E series in three different sizes: 40-, 60- and 80inch, to match varying throughputs and budgets. According to the company, the IMRO E series eddy current has increased their portfolio of products which currently includes a patented Dynamic Sensor Sorter, as well as a Deep Box Aspirator and fluidized screening technology.

Our look at the latest new and updated equipment, technology, Parts and systems for recycling and waste management

EcoPower shredder offers greater power and drop height Doppstadt’s new AK 310 EcoPower shredder is at home in any application, processing preshredded trunks, roots and waste wood just as reliably as green waste or organic waste. This compact, versatile, towable shredder (total weight of 16 tonnes) is designed for onroad mobility and can be easily moved around any site, fed by wheel loader, excavator or other bucket carriers. According to Doppstadt, the AK 310’s new rear conveyor has increased the shredder’s drop height to 3.5 metres, enabling it to produce

Bunting receives patent for SSSC magnetic circuit design Bunting Magnetics Co. has been awarded a U.S. patent for its magnetic circuit design, incorporated in the company’s Stainless Steel Separation Conveyor (SSSC). The SSSC, launched at ISRI 2017, removes up to 94 percent of large fraction stainless steel, and is ideal for use in the auto shredding residue industry for the separation of work-hardened stainless steel from Zurik streams, the purification of small fraction stainless steel and in ICW wire-chopping purification applications.

larger piles of processed material, or fill feed hoppers, much more easily. Other key features of the AK 310 EcoPower shredder include a lowemission 310-hp diesel engine and an optional rear basket with 3D design specifically for waste wood applications.

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20 Recycling Product News March 2018

cover story

Auto Focus The right processing equipment key to long-term success for B.C.’s only auto shredder by Keith Barker, Editor

John Rai and Brett Matheson, at Richmond Steel Recycling’s Mitchell Island yard with their Liebherr wheel loader.

ichmond Steel Recycling has been in business for over 45 years, with operations starting in the early 1970s. Today Richmond Steel Recycling has four locations in B.C., with feeder yards in Prince George, Fort St. John and Kamloops. At their main yard, located on Mitchell Island, on the Fraser River between Richmond and Vancouver, B.C., they operate the province’s only large-scale auto shredder. Al Roadburg originally founded the business, in part as a response to the fact that in B.C. at the time, there was no place for end-of-life vehicles to be recycled. Scrap vehicles were largely ending up at landfills and piling up at the auto wreckers and “junkyards” of the day. In the mid 1970s the business was sold to a large corporation and the company has been through various corporate owners since. Since the 1990s, the company has been owned as a joint venture between Sims Metal Management and Nucor Corporation. The current general manager of Richmond Steel is Harbinder Dhillon who has been with the company for over 27 years. “When Al Roadburg started Richmond Steel they installed a shredder and started recycling vehicles,” explains John Rai, Richmond Steel Recycling’s assistant manager and senior buyer. “The B.C. government helped recyclers at that time to go around the province crushing cars, and then they were transported to Richmond Steel. That was basically the genesis of the company.” Mitchell Island is a high-density industrial park surrounded by the north arm of the Fraser River. Rai says there has always been a lot of auto wreckers on the island and nearby, which is one of the reasons the shredder was originally installed there. The main reason for Richmond Steel’s choice of location however, was the specific proximity to a steel mill which was also located on Mitchell Island at the time. “Vancouver is very limited for industrial space,” says Rai. “Over the years, many metal recyclers have opened up here on Mitchell Island. As the only shredder in B.C. currently, we work with recyclers from around Western Canada, Alaska and Washington State, as well as those located around Vancouver and right here on Mitchell Island with us.” March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

cover story

The shredder, in the background, at Richmond Steel Recycling. Inflow and outflow

“We buy a lot of cars off auto wreckers,” says John Rai. “Our main activity is shredding cars. So once auto wreckers are finished selling parts, depolluted car bodies come to us. We’ve built very good relationships with B.C.’s auto wreckers and scrap recycling industry.” A portion of Richmond Steel’s material supply comes directly from the company’s three feeder yards in the B.C. interior and northern regions. The Prince George yard was opened up in about 1995, Fort St. John was added about 10 years later, and the Kamloops yard was acquired about five years ago. “Any shreddable material the feeder yards get is shipped down to us via truck or rail,” explains Rai. “Their cut grades of ferrous are prepared and shipped directly from their yard to Nucor Steel Seattle.” Outside of ELVs and other material collected and sent to their Mitchell Island yard from their three feeder locations, for end-of-life auto collection from scrap yards and auto wreckers, Richmond Steel Recycling uses OverBuilt mobile car crushers.

22 Recycling Product News March 2018

“When we first decided to replace our car crushers, we did our research,” continues Rai. “OverBuilt had the features we wanted. These machines are very efficient in the way they process cars, provide excellent power for crushing, and quick cycles.” Rai adds that prior to buying their first OverBuilt machine, about 12 years ago, they used old crushers, dating from the 1970s and early 1980s, which had been welded, rebuilt and serviced for many years. “We bought our first OverBuilt machine and were impressed with it,” says Rai. “And then basically, within a couple

All incoming material is weighed and passes through a radiation detector.

years, we replaced our fleet. At one time, we had six of them. I think we’re down to about four now. We’re fans of our OverBuilt machines. “The majority of our cars are collected from auto wreckers,” he continues. “So they’ve already taken the parts they need, de-polluted the vehicles, removed the tires, etc. We do get a few ‘wet’ end-of-life vehicles here, with fluids still in them. To facilitate that, we have a SEDA system to de-pollute the vehicles. We’ve been using the SEDA system for about five years and the guys like it.” For collection of ferrous materials

from surrounding landfills, a Sierra International mobile baler is used. Rai says Richmond Steel has been landfill baling for more than 35 years, since about the early 1980s. Using mobile balers, they pull metal out of the landfill and bale it for transport back to their yard. “Our Sierra mobile balers go to landfills and will bale up materials, including a large amount of tin, for transport to our shredder, where we’ll shred the bales,” says Rai. “Typically, landfills are managed quite well these days. Most landfills have a metal pile. Some even call it a ‘baling pile.’ When the trucks come in, they dump in separate piles. We basically just take care of the metal pile for them.” He adds that because landfills are generally remotely located, they’ll typically put out tenders for collection of materials and companies will bid. “You need a mobile baler to really make this process worthwhile,” he says. “You can’t really ship light-gauge metal from landfills without a baler because the freight cost would be too much. You wouldn’t be able to get enough weight on a truck.” Overall, Richmond Steel recycles thousands of tons of ELVs, white goods (household appliances) and other material on a monthly basis, and also processes a great deal of nonferrous material. Using a Harris Baler at their main yard, baled nonferrous material is sold to global markets. For ferrous materials, because Richmond Steel is owned by Sims and Nucor, both of which are global corporations involved heavily in steel recycling and manufacturing, they have the benefit of operating with a set buyer. Ferrous end product, bulk shred produced by their shredder, is sold domestically to Nucor Steel’s mill in Seattle, Washington.

what it can shred,” explains Rai. “So the process mainly dictates lighter gauge metal, including the lighter gauge metals found in automobiles and household metal appliances.” In 2012, their shredder was largely replaced. Brett Matheson, one of Richmond Steel’s commercial buyers, says “At that point, its capacity to shred various grades, such as HMS 2 improved.”

(HMS 2 is Heavy Metal Steel - steel and wrought iron containing galvanized and blackened steel.) “When material arrives here, the first part of the shredding process begins at our entry,” continues Matheson. “Everything is run through a radiation detector. So nothing can go to the shredder that hasn’t gone through the detector.”

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Process and equipment

Richmond Steel’s ferrous shredder, also known as an auto shredder, was supplied by Metso Texas Shredder, but consists of various components, and is powered by a 4,000 horsepower ATB Schorch electric motor. “The shredder, by its nature, dictates

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cover story

Richmond Steel Recycling’s Harris nonferrous baler.

“

In the last ten years, I would say the big change is that everyone is starting to come to a level playing field, with a uniformity and a more professional way in which business is done.” John Rai, Richmond Steel Recycling

24 Recycling Product News March 2018

Once incoming material is weighed, scanned and recorded, then it moves into the yard. “If it’s shreddable material, it’s directed towards the shredder intake area,” explains Rai. “At that point, if it’s in a self-dumper, the truck will dump. If it needs to be unloaded, for example, like with a load of cars on a flat deck, we use scrap handlers to unload. These same scrap handlers feed the shredders via infeed conveyor. All of our scrap handlers are Liebherr machines.” He says there’s usually two scrap handlers at the shredder on a normal busy day – one helping to unload, and one feeding the shredder and helping to unload in between feeding the shredder. “In the Richmond yard, we have three Liebherr handlers,” says Rai. “We’ve been running Liebherr since about the mid-1990s, and just Liebherrs. We like them.”

Rai explains that cutting of large ferrous materials is done in one of two ways. “We have ‘burners’ (employees who torch cut) and we use a mobile shear mounted on a Cat excavator.” For end-of-life autos, if it has not been done at source, vehicles have their tires removed, fluids removed, batteries removed and mercury switches removed. “The rest of the car is put through the shredder which separates the metal from the foam and the seats and the carpet and plastics,” explains Rai. “We separate loads of iron and aluminum, and also buy transmissions, aluminum engine blocks and any other form of iron and aluminum,” Matheson adds. “Beside our shredder, we have a separate process called the metals recovery plant. That’s where shredded materials are separated into nonferrous grains.” According to Rai and Matheson, the

nonferrous side of their operation is a very key component, but one which differs greatly from the ferrous business. “We’ve got a Harris nonferrous baler,” says Rai. “Whereas we have to shred steel and separate its components, usually nonferrous is separated and baled as opposed to being shredded. Copper and aluminum and wires, including insulated wires, are separated and baled. “We’ll also shred aluminum or other materials,” he continues. “When we get material in that can’t be sold as nonferrous in the state that it’s in, it will go through the shredder, and then through the MRP (metals recovery plant). “Sometimes, material is just way too big to be baled. A good example of what we call ‘ferrous other’ would be a reefer trailer. It may have aluminum flooring and aluminum skin. But the frame will be steel and the chassis that it’s sitting on, and axles will be steel. And it could contain foam insulation that needs to be separated. Something like that would be shredded, and then the material separated.”

Richmond Steel Recycling runs a fleet of Liebherr machines at their Mitchell Island location.

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March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

cover story success in a changing industry

John Rai says he’s noticed several elements of the industry that have changed significantly over the last decade or so. He says one thing that has happened is that the “playing field” has been levelled to a certain extent. “In the last ten years, I would say the big change is that everyone is starting to come to a level playing field, with a uniformity and a more professional way in which business is done,” comments Rai. He says this has much to do with the various environmental regulations that have been put in place and notes that the auto wrecker (or auto salvage) sector has updated their environmental regulations and associations over the last decade as well. “I think that's made everybody put more structure to the process of auto recovery, so that everyone is competing at the same level,” he says. When it comes to metal theft, because Richmond Steel’s incoming supply is mostly from commercial sources and their own feeder yards, they don’t have to deal with the issue as much as many of the smaller scrap yards would, where there is more supply coming from the general public. “Of course, if anyone from the general public comes to our yard, we scan their driver's license and comply with all regulations,” adds Matheson. “But generally, this is a small portion of our business. Most of our business is with dealers and from large industrial accounts.” When asked about the current situation with respect to tightened import restrictions for recyclable materials in the Chinese market, Matheson says, “Currently, everyone’s talking about China, but they’ve basically been building up to this for several years, receiving specs and quality controls and changing the way business is done. “China started a CCIC inspection program ten or twelve years ago,” he continues. “Now they have the National Sword. Limits have been put on transactions, and while environmental regulations have been there for many years, I see more companies meeting them, big or small.”

26 Recycling Product News March 2018

In the yard at Richmond Steel Recycling. For Richmond Steel, because their main buyer for ferrous is set, domestically, with Nucor Steel Seattle, the current Chinese restrictions have not affected this side of their business much at all. But nonferrous still relies on endmarkets overseas, or domestically, wherever the market is the strongest on a given day. So with the recent import restrictions coming out of China, Matheson says it has affected their nonferrous program somewhat. “It's made it more difficult to sell certain items to lower recovery, like wires, motors, alternators and product such as that,” he says. “The clean

material hasn't been much of an issue. But at the end of 2017, a lot of the quotas were running out overseas. So, we find it a little more difficult to sell into certain markets.” He says this means they will both look to find markets outside of China, and work to increase the purity of the material being produced. “Right now, we’re cleaning up our shredded aluminum, our Zorba, differently because it’s got to be cleaner than it has been in the past,” says Matheson. “Either new markets will emerge, or new technology will come out to enable us to produce a cleaner product.” RPN

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Auto Recycling

BUILT TO DISMANTLE How the Kobelco SK210D is Redefining the Task of Auto Dismantling for Texas Auto Salvage

ure, you could dismantle four to five cars a day by hand. Or, you could process up to 70 a day with the raw power and delicate precision of the Kobelco SK210D multi-dismantling machine. This is what Texas Auto Salvage of San Antonio is currently doing. The company purchased its first SK210D in October, 2017 and quickly ordered a second unit one month later. “Before, we were using an excavator with a bucket and thumb attachment to pull motors and tear apart cars,” says Daniel Hack, manager at Texas Auto Salvage. “We were breaking most of the motors and losing a lot of material during the process. Once we got the SK210D and saw how much more revenue we were making from the same volume of material, we realized we needed a second machine to expand and go after the revenue we were missing in white goods.” Traditionally, auto recyclers have been in the business of removing and selling car parts. All usable parts were taken out of the car and then the car was flattened and sent to a scrap yard or mill with a shredder. The shredder pulverized the car into smaller pieces which were sorted into different materials of different values, primarily ferrous and nonferrous metals, aluminum and copper. Auto recyclers were paid for mixed materials based on the weight of the car. After auto recyclers came to understand the profits that scrap yards were making by separating and sorting valuable metals from their cars, they began to remove these metals by hand before sending the car to the scrap yard shredder. This created a new and profitable revenue stream for their auto recycling business, but they still needed a better

28 Recycling Product News March 2018

Kobelco dismantling units are engineered with a heavier frame, turntable, bearing, counterweight and additional boom and arm reinforcement compared to a standard excavator.

and more efficient way to pull the copper and aluminum from the car.

The SK210D multi-dismantling machine

In the 1970s, Kobelco began to work closely with the Japan Auto Recyclers Association (JARA) to develop and refine a machine for their market that

would provide a safe and cost effective way to capture these materials. Almost 40 years and several machine generations later, Kobelco has brought the SK210D and new SK140D multidismantling machines to the North American market. “The Kobelco auto demolition machines are not add-on or conversion

packages that take a standard excavator, weld on tines and a nibbler tool,” says David Donneral, specialized machinery manager at Kobelco USA. “These units are purpose-built from the factory for one job, which is to tear things apart with power and precision, and make revenue.” The Kobelco dismantling units are engineered with a heavier frame, turntable, bearing, counterweight and additional boom and arm reinforcement compared to a standard excavator, enabling them to withstand the demands of heavy dismantling and demolition work. These machines also boast various other features, such as boom and arm holding valves, cylinder guarding, reinforced belly guards and travel motor covers. “One of the biggest advantages of using the Kobelco dismantler is its hold-down arms,” says Hack. “The hold-down arms are able to raise, lower, open and close in order to grab the car low and from the sides, rather than by the top of the roof or front fenders. This leaves the engine area and interior open to capture more copper and aluminum as well as gives us the ability to hold the engine and frame for more complete dismantling.” Texas Auto Salvage is one of a growing number of companies that is ignoring the parts business in favour of directly scrapping end-of-life vehicles

After close to 40 years of development, and several machine generations, Kobelco now offers the SK210D and new SK140D multi-dismantling machines in North America. down in their yard before final shipping of separated metals to shredders and mills. Hack comments, “When we realized what we had been missing for the past 10 years, it made me sick knowing all the revenue we gave away.” “Kobelco is bringing several ma-

chines to North America in the next few years for the scrap, recycling and high reach demolition markets,” adds Donneral. “Kobelco has over 40 percent market share in Japan, and we are excited to do the same here.” This article was provided by Kobelco USA.

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Auto Recycling: Feature product

Iris-Mec launches visual component for vehicle depollution systems For auto recyclers, being able to see used fuel as it is being extracted can Result in higher purity of recovered fuel

he new end-of-life vehicle (ELV) processing regulations now in force in Ontario and coming to other provinces are having a significant impact on the automobile recycling sector. With increased depollution requirements, Recycling Equipment Canada (REC), based in Waterloo, Ontario, set out to find the safest, easiest-to-use, and highest-quality solution to enable its auto recycling customers to meet the new standards. REC focused its search on Europe, where similar regulations have been in place longer, and concluded that Iris-Mec equipment was the right choice. Since launching Iris-Mec in Canada in 2014, REC has sold many systems to used auto parts and scrap

30 Recycling Product News March 2018

metal recycling customers. According to REC, auto dismantlers and scrap dealers understand that even a small amount of contaminated fuel can spoil an entire storage tank of good-quality fuel. That’s why being able to see the fuel as it is being extracted is so important. Iris-Mec’s proven line of fuel drills do come equipped with a sight glass, so that users can see the state of fuel as drilling is taking place. This feature is great for newer vehicles, where it’s less likely that the fuel being extracted will be bad quality. With older vehicles, however, it’s more likely that there will be significant contamination, so that viewing the fuel through a regular sight glass in the fuel drill might not give us-

An Iris-Mec fuel drill with sight glass.

Your Shield Against the National Sword Iris-Mec’s PFT-Visual fuel extraction system with glass reservoirs for good and bad fuel.

The Iris-Mec IBQ vehicle depollution system with visual option. ers enough time to properly evaluate what they are seeing. To address this problem, Iris-Mec now offers the new PFT-Visual, a safe and very efficient system for extracting fuel from ELVs. The PFT-Visual is equipped with a large glass reservoir (top) that allows users to see a much larger quantity of fuel while it’s being extracted, compared to traditional systems. This lets recyclers see more of the fuel as it is being extracted and allows for more time to evaluate fuel as the reservoir fills, so users can decide whether to divert fuel to their “good” or “bad” tanks. The PFT-Visual is available for gas and diesel extraction systems. Also recently, Iris-Mec has added the same visual component to their popular ISQ and IBQ vehicle depollution systems (above). This option adds to the versatility of these systems by allowing the operator to see fuel while it is being extracted, for efficient diversion to either good or bad fuel tanks. This visual component can also be added to existing ISQ or IBQ depollution systems, as a module. REC is exhibiting at the Ontario Automotive Recyclers Association trade show in Markham, Ontario, March 23.

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scrap yard equipment & operations

“HANDS-ON” EXPERIENCE LEADS RMG TO 825 M SCRAP HANDLERS

An elevated cab allows the operator to see right into the box when moving bales and for other loading and unloading tasks.

Purpose-built Sennebogen material handlers are the way to go for Roane metals

uke Wyatt likes to learn by doing. A co-owner of Rockwood, Tennessee-based Roane Metals Group LLC (RMG), Luke learned the recycling trade on the job working alongside his fatherin-law, Albert Baisley, at Rockwoods Southern Alloys and Metals. When RMG began, they used a hands-on approach to learn their way around scrap handling machines. “We tried all the usual suspects: different types of loaders and different dealers,” Wyatt reports. “One machine might be a little quicker. Another might have a stronger boom. But at the end of the day, it just made sense to put all our eggs in one basket. We chose the best machine with the best dealers. We figured that’s how to make sure we have the dealer’s

32 Recycling Product News March 2018

attention when we need support.” For RMG, the right combination was Sennebogen purpose-built material handlers, backed by the nearby Power Equipment dealership.

Long-life service

RMG now runs a number of Sennebogen machines, with most of them on their main site in Rockwood and another at their branch in Crossville. “We got our first Sennebogen, an 825 M, from Power Equipment in 2007,” says Wyatt. “It’s still doing all our loading work in Crossville with over 26,000 hours on it. It’s had a couple normal wear parts through it, but it still runs on all its original pumps. It’s done pretty doggone well for us.” On balance, Wyatt feels that most

machines in the category they require would be able to handle their day-to-day work. RMG chose to stick with Sennebogen for the long-term reliability of the machines and parts support available from Power Equipment. Gary Hirsch, Power Equipment vice president and general manager, says it’s no surprise. “Purpose-built material handlers are the way to go. And Sennebogen has invested heavily in its U.S.-based parts inventory and factory support services. Providing first rate customer service is the driving value behind Power Equipment, and we are thrilled to have represented Sennebogen for the last 10-plus years.”

Continuing investment

RMG is also investing in its facilities. Recently, Wyatt says, they poured

close to a half million dollars worth of concrete to expand the paved area in its main yard. The RMG truck fleet now totals 18 tractors, trailers and roll-offs to serve customers within a 150 mile radius of Rockwood – not including the 85 units operated by their sister company, Roane Transport. RMG recently took delivery of their newest Sennebogen machine, an 835 M E Series model. All of their material handling equipment runs on rubber tires; the new machine is dedicated to feeding the site’s 750-ton Sierra International shear/ logger/baler. The operation sorts, grades, shears, compacts and ships up to 70,000 tons of ferrous and non-ferrous metals per year. The other scrap handlers offload material trucked in by customers and prepare loads for shipping by truck or rail. “We put the new 835 M E in the hands of our longest-serving operator, Darrell,” says Wyatt. “He keeps the material moving 8 to 10 hours a day, every

RMG’s Sennebogen handler feeding the crusher. day. The elevating cab puts Darrell over 18 feet in the air, so he has a good look into the shear. We have very little downtime problems with the Sennebogen, because we’ve never had any major issues with any of these machines.” Still, the learning process will continue at RMG. Wyatt has plans to send his technicians to the Sennebogen

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Training Center in Stanley, NC soon. “We appreciate the support we get from Power Equipment,” he says. “But if we don’t have to call the dealer every time we need to service the equipment, that works for me too.” This article was provided on behalf of Sennebogen LLC.

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Market report: Ferrous

Ferrous Scrap Market Looking Relatively Healthy 2018 ferrous markets outlook upbeat compared to some commodities

eading into 2018, China’s proposed scrap import restrictions, widespread transportation bottlenecks, and fluctuating foreign exchange rates were key concerns for most scrap recyclers even as the major developed economies entered a period of synchronized economic growth. More recently, renewed volatility in the equity and bond markets has by Joe Pickard been added to that list of concerns. But for ferrous market participants, the 2018 market outlook has been significantly more upbeat as compared to other commodities, due in part to the sector’s relatively limited dependence on Chinese ferrous scrap import demand, expectations for relief from subsidized steel imports, rising domestic steel output, improving business sentiment, and elevated price levels across the ferrous supply chain. In early February, Scrap Price Bulletin reported composite U.S. prices for No. 1 heavy melt and shredded scrap increased around 25 percent year-on-year to $323.50 per gross ton and $342.83 per gross ton, respectively. At the same time, American Metal Market reported their U.S. hot-rolled coil index level was up nearly 22 percent year-on-year in midFebruary to $743.40 per short ton ($37.17/cwt). The price gains came on top of healthy North American steel consumption and production figures. Preliminary estimates from the World Steel Association indicate crude steel production in the NAFTA region increased 5 percent year-on-year in 2017 to more than 115 million metric tons. As has been the case, the health of the North American steel and scrap industries remain closely interconnected. Overseas demand also continues to be a key determinant for ferrous scrap flows, market sentiment and, by extension, pricing. In 2017, U.S. ferrous scrap exports (excluding stainless steel and alloy steel scrap) had their best annual performance since 2014, climbing 23 percent higher year-on-year by volume to 13.8 million metric tons, valued at over $4.1 billion last year. U.S. ferrous scrap exports to Turkey rose to more than 3.6 million metric tons, an increase of nearly 16 percent as compared to 2016. Improved ferrous scrap import demand from Vietnam (+93 percent), China (+60 percent), Pakistan (+65 percent), Bangladesh (+111 percent), Mexico (+12 per-

34 Recycling Product News March 2018

cent) and others also contributed to last year’s gains. But the rapidly changing policy landscape has become a key driver for how the scrap industry, including the iron and steel scrap sector, will evolve going forward, impacting the industry’s on-going restructuring, trade flows, and investment in technology. On the trade policy front, the U.S. administration’s 232 steel investigation in particular has been garnering a great deal of attention. According to a recent U.S. Commerce Department press release, the Secretary’s list of potential trade remedies submitted to the President include the following: 1. A global tariff of at least 24 percent on all steel imports from all countries into the United States, or 2. A tariff of at least 53 percent on all steel imports from 12 countries (Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Egypt, India, Malaysia, Republic of Korea, Russia, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey and Vietnam) with a quota by product on steel imports from all other countries equal to 100 percent of their 2017 exports to the United States, or 3. A quota on all steel products from all countries equal to 63 percent of each country’s 2017 exports to the United States. Although U.S. steel industry representatives have almost unanimously cheered the Trump administration’s approach to trade, taxes, regulations, and manufacturing, protectionist measures also pose significant downside risks, not least of which is the potential for retaliatory trade measures. Reuters recently reported that “China will cut export taxes on some steel products and… ditch those for sales abroad of steel wire, rod and bars from January 1.” The threats posed by China’s incentivized steel exports and growing reservoir of ferrous scrap should not be overlooked. In addition, the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement could have significant consequences for the flow of steel and steel-containing products across our borders. In 2017, U.S. ferrous scrap trading with Canada and Mexico was valued at more than $1.6 billion according to Census Bureau trade data. Any policy changes that would restrict the free and fair trade of ferrous scrap within the NAFTA region or around the world could significantly offset the healthy tailwinds the ferrous scrap industry is currency experiencing. Joe Pickard is the chief economist and director of commodities at the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI) located in Washington, D.C.

wood waste recycling

Branching out Tub grinders are heart of the operation for organics recycler by Matt Eul

or Homer Industries, “roots were planted” in 1950 when Joseph Reposh began offering Lockport, Illinois residents and businesses tree care services. Known then as Homer Tree Service, the little family-owned company slowly grew over the span of more than three decades before Ronald Reposh purchased it from his father in 1985. Under his watchful eye the company continued to grow steadily; the business really took off in 1997 when it expanded into land clearing services. Reposh was able to predict an emerging market again when he established their mulch and grinding division, Homer Industries, in 2003. The company expanded again in 2013, creating an environmental division committed to reestablishing natural native habitats around the Midwest U.S.

Grinding out profits

Today, Homer Companies employs more than 200 people across its four different divisions and operates a fleet of 400 pieces of equipment. According to Todd Hahn, COO of Homer Industries, the division he works for was established to make use of all the raw material the tree service division was producing. “The business went from having one to two loads of chips per day to producing 20-plus loads every day,” he explains. “By adding a few more pieces of equipment, we were able to create a new service for current customers and establish several new partnerships.” Homer Industries receives most of its raw material from its land clearing operations but has also opened its yard up to other tree care professionals, municipalities and landscapers for wood waste disposal. The material is then

36 Recycling Product News March 2018

turned into a variety of mulch products, including playground surfacing, colourenriched mulch and hardwood mulch. According to Hahn, around 80 percent of their products are sold in bulk, by the truckload. The rest is bagged and sold locally. “Wholesalers, landscapers and cities make up the largest percentage of our customer base,” he says. “We also sell to do-it-yourself homeowners in the area who need a small truckload of mulch from time to time.” With all the competition in the mulch industry, Homer Industries believes it’s the quality of its end product that makes them stand out. “There are a lot of variables involved with making high-end mulch products,” Hahn notes. “To ensure customers are

Part of the team at Homer Industries, with one of their TG9000 Vermeer tub grinders, from left: Todd Hahn, Chad Wallace, Kimberly Bell, Sam Elder and Josh Doherty. getting exactly what they want, we have invested in the right equipment. It is those machines that help us sort material and control size consistency.”

Heart of the operation

Homer Industries uses Vermeer tub grinders to process most of the raw material it receives. The company runs a Vermeer TG7000 and three Vermeer TG9000 tub grinders. “While we do use chippers and some

horizontal grinders in our land clearing operations, back at our yard we use all tub grinders,” Hahn explains. “They are fast, efficient and can handle a variety of material.” Homer Industries purchased their Vermeer TG7000 tub grinder shortly after expanding into mulch and grinding. As business increased, so did the amount of raw material on hand that needed to be processed, which led them to investing in two TG9000 tub grinders over the course of the next several years. In the fall of 2017, Homer Industries determined it was time to increase its processing capabilities again and purchased a third TG9000. The TG9000 is the most powerful tub grinder Vermeer produces. It features a large diameter opening with an inside diameter of 3.4 metres (11 feet). For Homer Industries, that means they can process large pieces of material and regrind material processed on jobsites quickly. Also, the Vermeer patented thrown object restraint system (TORS) helps limit the amount of thrown debris while working. “It’s a great safety feature in the yard and when we have one of our grinders working in the field,” adds Hahn. According to Homer Industries, their reasons for choosing Vermeer tub grinders were due to the quality of the machine build, as well as the support they receive from Vermeer Midwest, their local dealer. “When Homer Industries started, it was a constant struggle to keep up with demand, so we didn’t have room for downtime,” explains Hahn. “Vermeer Midwest’s Aurora location is just 20 minutes from our facility and I really could, at times, get a mechanic from there to the yard quicker than I could get one of our guys. So, service has been over-the-top.”

Land clearing

Homer Companies’ land clearing customers include private development companies, city municipalities and state highway departments. Its crews have been involved with several of the largest Illinois

Homer Industries runs Vermeer TG9000 and TG7000 tub grinders to process land clearing and other wood waste into high-end mulch and other products. The TG9000 features a large-diameter opening with an inside diameter of 3.4 metres.

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wood waste recycling and Indiana highway expansion projects over the last two decades. They are usually the first contractor on a job preparing the land for development. Homer Tree Service was a part of the recent I-69 expansion project from Bloomington to Indian Creek, Indiana where crews cleared 21 miles of right-ofway so the road could be expanded from two lanes to four. According to Hahn, the terrain was rough on most of that project and Homer Tree Service crews processed a lot of big timber. On jobs like these, smaller material is processed onsite using chippers. Feller bunchers are used to clear large trees. Eventually, all the material is transported back to the yard in Lockport for additional processing. Large material is cut and fed through the TG9000 and blended with other material. Then, everything gets reground, sorted and either prepared for bulk shipping or bagged.

Homer Industries is a wood waste recycler with a speciality in land clearing and restoring contaminated land back to its natural state.

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Product News March 2018

In addition to clearing land for development, the Homer Companies team is also extremely knowledgeable about restoring land back to its natural state. Homer Environmental specializes in restoring, replenishing and replanting sites where old abandoned infrastructure once stood. Of course, before restoration can begin, overburden needs to be removed. Homer Tree Service’s land clearing crews are again the first on the scene to give the environmental team a fresh slate to work with. The two divisions worked together recently to help transform the old Joliet Arsenal in Will County, Illinois, into Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, the first national tallgrass prairie in the U.S., and one of the newest units of the U.S. National Forest System. Homer Tree Service cleared several acres of land, and then Homer Environmental restored the area with native plants. The site is now home to around 60 bison. “The Midewin project is just one example of how our different divisions work together to provide a single-sourced solution for our customers,” Hahn says. “We also work with the tree care division after major storms hit local communities. They are often the first ones on site, and we’ll follow with a tub grinder so a community can clean up as quickly as possible.” Growth has spurred Homer Companies to branch out from the little tree care company it once was. But the company hasn’t changed in many respects. The company remains rooted in meeting the needs of customers, whether they need tree care service, land clearing or environmental restoration expertise.

1/20/16 7:05 PM

The Canadian Wood Waste Recycling Business Group supports the “cascading use” model, whereby wood is recovered for the next most valuable alternative.

Canadian Wood Recycling Sector Positions Itself for Growth Alberta-based Wood waste recycling business group supports a holistic approach to development

T by Rick Leblanc

here’s a lot more to wood recycling than shredding, screening and grinding. The state of wood recycling continues to evolve, according to Jim Donaldson, CEO of the Alberta-based Canadian Wood Waste Recycling Business Group. Practices are well established in the forest industry for converting sawmill residuals into fibre applications such as pulp and paper and waste-to-energy, but overall, the development of wood recycling in Canada is still in its infancy. According to Donaldson, wood recycling industry infrastructure in Europe is much more advanced. In North America, factors such as the relatively cheap availability of virgin timber and the acceptance of wood by landfills have slowed the momentum for

wood recycling industry growth. Interest has continued to grow, however. The increasing corporate pursuit of zero-waste-to-landfill programs has helped, as have sustainability practices emerging in the construction industry to promote recycling. In some regions, including Metro Vancouver, a landfill ban on clean wood instituted on July 1, 2016 has significantly boosted recycling efforts. Donaldson adds that available statistics related to wood waste recycling in Canada are minimal, which makes the growth of the industry more difficult to track. Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) estimated that unrecovered wood debris in the country’s MSW and CR&D waste streams amounts to roughly 1.75 million metric tons annually, or about 7 percent of the unrecovered waste stream, according to a 2013 report. March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

wood waste recycling

Changing Perspectives on Wood Recycling

Recent research from the Technical University of Munich supports the idea that the sustainability case for wood is improved through “cascading use.” This concept refers to the practice of recovering wood for the next most valuable alternative. Such an approach reduces the carbon footprint impact at each stage of use due to the availability of recycled material, which is much less carbonintensive to produce. Examples would include lumber which can be reclaimed for reuse or, in the next phase, unusable lumber that can be converted into chips for chipboard. Waste-to-energy is a last resort for wood recycling, yet it remains by far the most popular form of diversion from landfill. “We are still a throw-away society,” Donaldson says. “Tossing reusable material in the grinder makes us feel good that we are recycling and doing the right thing, but it might not be the best choice with respect to making the most money or choosing the ideal option to support sustainability.” The Canadian Wood Waste Recycling Business Group (CWWRG) promotes a holistic approach to wood recycling that supports the cascading use model. The organization believes that through the promotion of wood recycling, networking and the sharing

40 Recycling Product News March 2018

In the barn-wood sector, as well as in remanufacturing and reprocessing, end-product potential is varied, including everything from new lumber and briquets to landfill cover and fire log production. of related resources, the sector can better position itself for financial success. In the process, wood waste will increasingly be diverted from landfills.

focused on Three Core Activities

The CWWRG has identified three core business activities that support the growth of the Canadian wood recycling industry, or bioeconomy. These include the barn wood sector, as well as the remanufacturing and reprocessing industries. In all three sectors, wood is recycled into reusable wood products including new and used lumber, pellets, briquets, animal bedding and landfill cover, or it is used for fire log production. The three sectors are defined as below. Barn wood: The business of reclaiming used wood into a barn wood inventory retail business platform. Inventory is sold as recycled renewable building products. Remanufacturing: The business of creating a remanufacturing business platform, using a small portable wood

sawmill. This includes sawmilling, kiln drying, planing and/or milling the wood product into an inventory that is sold as recycled, renewable building products. Reprocessing: The business of creating a small portable reprocessing business platform, using the process of grinding, screening and/or shredding used end-of-life wood, which is sold as recycled wood product for developing reuse markets. According to Donaldson, there are about 80 barn wood business operations in Canada. Typically, these are small businesses. He says any community of 3,000 people or more can support a barn wood business, employing three to four people. Lumber is recovered from old structures, prepared by removing old fasteners, inventoried, priced and then retailed to the public from a storefront location. In some cases, reclaimed lumber is now also being offered by big box retailers at premium prices over new material. In remanufacturing, portable sawmill units can provide entrepreneurs with the opportunity to resize recovered timber or urban logs for resale.

Cloverdale Fuel

Some operators, such as Langley, B.C.-based Cloverdale Fuel, report seeing an increasing urban waste wood supply. And it is welcome news. Robby Gill, Cloverdale Fuel’s GM, noted that the sawmill businesses that have provided the company’s traditional source of material are gradually disap-

Jim Donaldson is CEO of the Alberta-based Canadian Wood Waste Recycling Business Group.

pearing in the Metro Vancouver area. Real estate prices have skyrocketed, and land development can be a more attractive option than milling. “When some of these mills started 60 years ago, their land wasn’t worth much,” Gill says. “In some cases now, it can be worth $2.5 or $3 million per acre. Today, you would never buy that land to start a mill.” Fortunately, increased amounts of urban waste wood from sources such as construction and wood product manufacturing have helped Cloverdale Fuel maintain its throughput. By hauling bins from construction sites, Cloverdale Fuel can help builders meet their LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification requirements. Company drivers print pickup receipts in the field to provide builders with proof that their wood residuals are being recycled. In 2011, Cloverdale Fuel was chosen as the sole wood fibre supplier to an innovative biomass cogeneration project at the University of British Columbia. Known as the Bioenergy Research Demonstration Facility (BRDF), the UBC facility is the first of its kind in North America. Unfortunately, Gill noted, natural gas pricing has impeded the development of more cogeneration projects. “The low cost of natural gas is inhibiting investment in any new projects,” he says. “If you base it on the price of natural gas, today, it doesn’t justify cogeneration on a purely economic model.”

“

Tossing reusable material in the grinder makes us feel good that we are recycling and doing the right thing, but it might not be the best choice with respect to making the most money or choosing the ideal option to support sustainability.” Jim Donaldson Chinese import Policy Changes Won’t Impact Recycled Wood Fibre Markets

The tightening of contamination tolerances for recycled materials exported to China has severely impacted recycling markets around North America. China recently released its final Environmental Protection Control Standards for Imports of Solid Wastes as Raw Materials (GB 16487.2-13) – the quality standards for imported scrap by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP). For recycled wood fibre, however, changes in Chinese policy have had only a minor market impact. Chinese wood imports are dominated by virgin chip material. “China only imports chips for the manufacturing of pulp and paper,” explains Hakan Ekstrom, Wood Resources International LLC. “Importing recycled wood chips would be too costly.” Virgin chips by contrast are the third most important category of timber imported to China, valued at $1.8 billion in 2016, following logs and sawn

NEW 30-Tooth Bandit BEAST RECYCLER Increases Production and Lowers the Cost of Processing Logging, Sawmill and Green Waste.

wood. Chips are sourced predominantly from tree plantations in Vietnam and Australia. Cloverdale Fuel’s Robby Gill reports that his company has been approached by Japanese and Chinese buyers, but says recycled fibre for the Chinese market has not yet generated significant interest. Gill says Asian buyers are looking for a product “that looks a particular way” and that recycled product does not have the ‘bright white look’ that is being sought after. In the future, however, the scarcity of virgin material might lead such buyers to take a closer look at recycled chips. “It’s coming,” Gill says. The same could be said for wood recycling in general. Rick LeBlanc blogs about packaging reuse and recycling, including wood packaging, at www.packagingrevolution.net. He is the editor of Western Pallet Magazine and Reusable Packaging News. This article was submitted on behalf of the Canadian Wood Waste Recycling Business Group.

Bandit Industries’ extremely popular Model 3680XP Beast Recycler has undergone some design improvements, which increases its production and lowers its operating costs. We build a better Beast to help you Build Your Bottom Line! The improvements include: • A new 30-tooth grinding pattern – which lowers your wear parts costs • A faster mill rpm – material clears the mill faster, which lowers your wear parts costs • A more-open mill housing design – reduces wear in the mill chamber, which lowers your wear parts costs • Additional screening area – which increases production • A new proportional feed drive system – which increases production The result is up to a 40% increase in production and a lower per-ton grinding cost. The Beast will process as much as 500 cubic yards an hour in typical green waste and does exceptionally well in processing cull logs, cut offs and chunkwood. If you want to lower your operating costs while increasing your production, take a look at the best – take a look at The Beast! Let us prove it to you. Contact Bandit Industries today to arrange for a demonstration and find out how Bandit Builds Your Bottom Line. Call 1-800-952-0178 or visit us online.

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wood waste recycling

Five ways to maximize grinder profitability

he challenges for wood fibre markets have grown along with the opportunities. Many of the challenges are in fact a sign of growth. One example is the increased competition for wood fibre in many regions. As a recycler, the first step in moving past these challenges is to equip yourself with the right knowledge. Rotochopper sales representatives start by considering the factors below every time they tailor a grinding solution to a customerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s needs. Most current recycling markets grew out of challenges of one kind or another. Coloured mulch was the response to shortages of bark and other premium fibres. Compost is growing as a result of landfill bans on yard waste and increased demand for organic soil additives. It will be exciting to see what new fibre markets will emerge in the next few years in response to the challenges we see currently. One thing is certain: the grinding companies that focus on the right factors, like the issues outlined below, will be the ones growing along with evolving fibre markets.

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Consider Electric

If your grinding operation meets some simple criteria, an electric grinder will almost always offer a lower cost per ton or cubic yard of finished product, compared to a diesel grinder. This criteria includes: if your material handling process is fixed; if you have access to three-phase power; and if you don't need mobility. When it comes to mobility, even if you need to grind at multiple locations, an electric grinder with a mobility package (trailer mount, electrical quick connects, etc.) can offer significant savings. Recyclers should make a point to learn more about the cost savings of electric grinders.

Minimize Handling

Multiple machines and processes add costs, sometimes in very surprising ways. Count how many times you handle your feedstock and finished product. Factor in a dollar per ton each time you do and see how much it costs in your current operation. Strive to make the process as seamless as possible. Each additional step in the process cuts into your profit margins.

Match the Grinder to the Core, not the Fringe

Don't look for a grinder to handle the exceptions. Choose a grinder that matches the core of your business. If your business is grinding wood, don’t look for a machine that can handle the small percentage of miscellaneous trash you get in the mix, like rubber tires, carpet rolls, and so on. If 99 percent of your grinding operation is focused on small diameter round wood, choose a machine that will most efficiently process your material – not one that will handle the occasional large diameter stump. Choose a grinder that works with your existing process and equipment – unless you plan to upgrade your existing equipment. Over-sizing the grinder to match the fringe materials drives up the costs of every ton or cubic yard you produce. An empty grinder with the engine or motor running means you’re grinding air. Consider alternative strategies for processing fringe materials to keep capital costs and operating expenses down, such as sorting and stockpiling, hiring contract grinders (perhaps once per year) or using loader attachments to pre-process “oddball” raw materials. Rotochopper offers grinding solutions from 127 to 1,050 horsepower, but the biggest is not always the best solution.

Rotochopper’s largest, most sophisticated grinder, the B-66 is available as an electric-powered model and is designed to process a broad range of raw materials, from whole trees and railroad ties to C&D wood and pallets.

Flexibility is Essential for Sustainable Growth

The opportunities for recycling have never been better. Markets for wood fibre, recycled asphalt shingles (RAS), and other products are growing and changing. Today, Rotochopper customers are producing coloured mulch, natural mulch, hot mix asphalt supplement, fuel pellets, compost, boiler fuel, animal bedding and several other engineered fibres.

The ability to handle multiple feed stocks, create a variety of end products and adapt to changing markets is essential for capitalizing on these changing opportunities. You want to be able to choose a fibre market because it offers the greatest opportunities, rather than having your grinder “choose” a fibre market for you because it is unable to meet certain fibre specifications. This article was submitted by Rotochopper.

Focus on Cost per Ton or Cubic Yard

One hundred tons of production an hour sounds great, but if your machine is down ten hours a week for hard-facing, cleaning or maintenance, all that production gain is lost. More consistent production will represent higher output in the long run and, most importantly, a lower cost per ton or cubic yard. For example, in a high abrasion application like shingle recycling, you may be able to push more material through the grinder by increasing infeed speeds, adjusting engine RPM, and so on. But the higher wear costs and increased downtime cancel out those gains. March 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

sorting & separation

A New Era of automation The rise of technology is right on time to parry market pressure

I by Peter Raschio, Marketing Manager, Bulk Handling Systems

ndustrial recycling at its core is a manufacturing process that creates products, but it is certainly not as simple or as streamlined as, for example, producing toothpicks. We don’t have the luxury of controlled and predictable inputs, repeatable processes and identical outputs. While other industries have been heavily automated for decades, recycling has remained dependent upon people controlling inputs, making decisions and directly

participating in the production process through manual sorting. The largest hurdle to overcome remains the inherent nature of the waste stream; it’s highly variable and unpredictable, and includes everything – including the kitchen sink. We’ve come a long way since the inception of materials recovery facilities (MRFs), making major advancements in technology and process design, including advanced optical sorting and the rise of the super MRF. Processing is more efficient and effective than it has ever been. But it’s not good enough. By now we’re all familiar with China’s National Sword policy and the impact it is having on our industry. The world’s largest buyer of recycled commodities has demanded that we make them better. No longer is 87 octane sufficient, but 93 is demanded – and at the same price. Processors are spending more time and money to improve the purity of their products: slowing down their lines, hiring more sorters and adding equipment. These changes inherently mean increased capital expenditures and operational costs, and in many cases less production. While that may sound negative, the timing could not be better, because we’re ready. Concurrent with the demand for increased quality comes new technology in the form of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that significantly disrupts the economics of our manufacturing process.

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44 Recycling Product News March 2018

People have historically played an important role in the industrial recycling process because of our ability to make sense of the variable and unpredictable nature of a waste stream. We use our eyes to see what’s on a belt, our brains to think and make decisions and our hands to pick and place items in the proper chutes. Empowered by revolutionary, artificially intelligent (AI) technology, Max-AI from Bulk Handling Systems (BHS) now allows the MaxAI AQC (Autonomous Quality Control) robotic sorter to accomplish the same tasks that people can perform. Fundamentally, Max-AI technology identifies recyclables in a similar way to a person. A process called deep learning runs through hundreds of thousands of images to train neural networks to “think out” the correct identification. Once built these neural networks resemble the architecture of the brain and, when paired with a camera, will correctly identify the items in our recycling stream in near-real time. Through training, Max is also able to very accurately identify items never seen before, based on probability. While this breakthrough technology seems complicated, we often find ourselves explaining it with

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sorting & separation the straightforward phrase: “If a person can identify where it belongs, so can Max.” Max-AI technology is changing the industry. In numerous plants around the world, the AQC is sorting containers at speeds faster than a manual sorter. There is no risk of Max being late, walking off the job or getting hurt. Perhaps the best part is that Max doesn’t take breaks and can work multiple shifts. The Max-AI AQC is also at work on residue belts, pulling commodities that would otherwise go to landfill. Later this year, Max-AI technology will be employed on paper sorting lines. BHS’ recently announced RePower South project includes only four human sorters. As this technology matures, it will be common to have no sorters at all.

Economics and data in the MRF

Economics in the MRF change significantly without having to rely on 15, 20, 50 or more manual sorters. Consider the financial impact, when running two or three shifts is only marginally more expensive than running one. The labour savings alone account for millions of dollars every year the system is operational – not to mention the production benefits and savings from buying a smaller system that runs nearly all day. Suddenly, the addition of a few more optical sorters to increase purity looks much better on a pro forma basis. Rather than spending more and slowing down to produce less, subsequent generations of MRFs will automate more to boost production, purity and profits.

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46 Recycling Product News March 2018

Through deep learning technology, Max-AI employs both multi-layered neural networks and a vision system to see and identify recyclable objects similar to the way a person does. Additionally, Max-AI technology does more than empower robots to sort – it will provide recyclers with previously unavailable intelligence about their business. Could an operator look at a screen today and tell exactly what is in his or her PET bunker? With the Max-AI Visual Identification System (VIS), he or she can. VIS is Max-AI technology without the robot. VIS identifies material and collects data that are visualized through BHS’ advanced controls and business intelligence software. It can alert an operator of material status or changes at any point in the system, and even certify a bale’s contents. Eventually, VIS will be used to dynamically optimize a system, making autonomous real-time adjustments to equipment including infeed, conveyors, screens, optical sorters, balers and everything else. Even the best MRF operator couldn’t possibly observe and comprehend what’s on every conveyor, analyze it in real time and make adjustments. Soon they won’t have to try. AI has enabled the recycling process to reach a new age of automation, where investments in new technology are a welcome addition in exchange for higher production, increased quality and much lower operational expenses. Again, the roadblock to fully automating our production process has been the nature of our waste streams being highly variable and unpredictable. This problem is solved with AI. This technology can now see, think and act. It’s the beginning of a new era of automation, and it’s going to be a fun ride. This article was contributed by Bulk Handling Systems.

equipment focus: Handheld scrap analyzers

LIBS vs XRF by Keith Barker, Editor

or recyclers who sort metals and alloys, in applications where precise understanding of content and composition is paramount, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) based handheld analyzers have been the main tool employed for over a decade. In recent years, however, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology has been used increasingly in metal recycling applications, especially with aluminum and other nonferrous metals, and for light elements. XRF is still considered by most to be the best option for applications in stainless steel and heavy metals, or for recyclers focused on plastics and e-waste sorting. To put it most simply, XRF technology uses X-ray radiation to determine metal and alloy content and composition, while LIBS uses low-energy lasers and optical technology, providing analysis without radiation concerns. Overall, advances in handheld analyzers for scrap mean recyclers can now identify and sort a wider range of elements and alloys, including light elements, in the yard or in their facilities, with high speed, accuracy and safety. Both LIBS and XRF, now feature smart, reliable connectivity to data analysis tools, and are designed to be lightweight, rugged and ergonomically friendly for users. Recycling Product News asked some of the industry’s leading manufacturers to provide insight on how the two technologies compare.

48 Recycling Product News March 2018

Hitachi High-Technologies’ Vulcan LIBS analyzer employs advanced data management for logging of both results and images.

Bruker: A tale of two technologies

Bruker, a leading U.S.-based manufacturer of both XRF and LIBS handheld analyzers, describes XRF technology on their company website as a completely non-destructive process whereby electrons are displaced from their atomic orbital positions, releasing a burst of energy that is characteristic of a specific element. This release of energy is then registered by a silicon detector in the XRF handheld instrument, which in turn categorizes the energies by element. With LIBS technology, Bruker’s site describes the concept as follows. “With LIBS, a laser pulse strikes the surface of the sample and ablates an amount of material and generates a plasma plume (partially ionized gas). The energy of the laser is low, but is focused to a microscopic point on the sample to generate the plasma. In this plasma, emitted light is transmitted through optical fibres and the polychromatic radiation is dispersed in one or more spectrometers and detected by CCD chips.” (CCD is an acronym for “charge coupled device”, an image sensor technology that converts light into electrical charges, as used in most digital cameras.) In a 2015 white paper, by John I.H. Patterson, Phd., a consultant for Bruker and expert on the topic of metals analysis, he compares the two technologies in detail. He writes: “For fast sorting of aluminum alloys based upon light elements, LIBS is clearly the best alternative, as well as for separating many magnesium and titanium grades. When precision and accuracy matter more, as in PMI (positive material identification) analysis and quality control or when price figures are required in scrap trading (Ni, Mo, etc.), or if your application is measuring stainless steel, high-temp alloys or other heavy metal alloys, then XRF is the still the method of choice.”

TSI’s ChemLite LIBS analyzer provides high accuracy and speed for light metals. TSI: LIBS provides speed, ease of use and low cost of ownership

Todd Hardwick is the global marketing manager for TSI Incorporated, a company focused on the manufacture of LIBS handheld analyzers. “XRF cannot compete with LIBS when it comes to speed, ease of operation and cost of ownership,” says Hardwick. “Our ChemLite LIBS analyzers precisely identify metals in one to two seconds, much faster than with XRF.” Hardwick says that because there are no radiation concerns and their units use an eye-safe Class 1M laser, ChemLite “gun” owners avoid regulatory hassles – such as radiation licensing and the paperwork that comes with it. “LIBS requires no special training or storage and ChemLite LIBS guns do not need argon gas to operate,” he continues. “When you add up the extra time, fees, training and supplies that XRF requires, the cost of ownership is often lower for LIBS.” Hardwick adds that when it comes to accuracy, LIBS is a clear improvement over XRF for light metals. “LIBS allows better, faster aluminum alloy separation,” he says. “Our ChemLite LIBS guns have limits of detection as low as 1 ppm.” Overall, for Hardwick, LIBS is the tool of choice for nonferrous recycling yards and aluminum scrap sorting. “Our engineering teams at TSIChemLogix patented a LIBS sensor for in-line metals analysis a few years ago,” he says. “Our customers have deployed these sensors successfully for high-volume automatic aluminum scrap sorting as well as part of a Zorba/Twitch sorting system.” Hardwick does add though that LIBS is not a viable option for plastics recycling or e-waste applications according to their experience, whereas XRF technology is a viable tool for use in these applications.

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equipment focus: Handheld scrap analyzers

Olympus’ Vanta handheld scrap analyzer on the job. Olympus: Each has its place

According to Ted Shields, portable products manager, analytical instruments division, Olympus Scientific Solutions Americas, LIBS is best viewed as a complimentary technology to more traditional handheld XRF, and each type of technology does certain things well. “The most intriguing thing about LIBS is the ability to measure elements that you cannot measure with XRF,” says Shields. “Carbon, beryllium and lithium are all possible, and recent advances are making carbon in L-grades achievable for some LIBS analyzers.” He says however that LIBS technology struggles with some elements that XRF excels at. Most notably, he says, these include refractory metals, such as Cr, Zr, Mo, Ta and other common and commercially important alloying elements. “LIBS has a much smaller spot size than XRF,” continues Shields. “This is good in the sense that the burn mark left behind is small. But it makes it much harder to get the same answer when you test twice in a row. This is because the sample varies across the small scale of the LIBS spot.” He says some LIBS analyzer manufacturers compensate for this by recommending users take several shots at dif-

50 Recycling Product News March 2018

ferent places (called rastering the laser). But this adds to the test time. “Variations in sample geometry effect the results to a much larger degree for LIBS,” he continues. “LIBS is also more sensitive to moisture and surface contamination. Some manufacturers try to address this by recommending users perform a cleaning pre-burn with the laser, again adding time to the analysis.” Shields continues by adding that

while LIBS calibrations are empirical, XRF metal calibrations are Fundamental Parameters (FP). “FP lets the XRF instrument calculate the effect of every element on every other element,” he says. “This calculation lets one XRF calibration be remarkably accurate for a wide range of samples. On the other hand, empirical calibrations are only as broad as the samples used to create them. If you analyze something outside of the range of calibration samples, the results can be dramatically wrong. This is why LIBS analyzers require users to choose among several calibrations, and why making the right choice is critical to achieving reasonable results.” Shields also emphasizes that knowledge about what materials are being dealt with is critical to achieving higher purity standards, especially in light of increased global standards for end materials, including those recently established by China. “One sample with a high concentration of an undesirable element can contaminate an entire batch of metal,” he says. “The only way to know is to test. And the test needs to be quick and portable – like it is with handheld XRF technology,” which he adds “are faster and more sensitive than ever before, making it possible for recyclers to meet higher purity standards.”

Property

LIBS

XRF

Non-destructive

Minimally destructive

Yes

Carbon analysis

Possible

Elements lighter than Mg

Yes

Refractory elements

Poor

Good

Spot size

50 to 100 micrometer diameter 3 or 9 mm diameter

Argon purge

Preferred

Pre-clean

Required

Preferred

Calibration

Empirical

Fundamental parameters

Table courtesy of Olympus Scientific Solutions Americas.

Hitachi High-Technologies: speed vs range of application

For Hitachi High-Tech’s latest LIBS analyzer (the Vulcan) speed is the biggest asset to scrap metal recyclers as this maximizes their operational efficiency during metal sorting. According to Sean McKernan of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Products, an Ontario-based distributor for Hitachi High-Technologies analyzers; “by employing point and shoot operation, Hitachi HighTech’s Vulcan LIBS technology, creates a simple, fast routine for recyclers which eliminates user related errors and ensures consistency of results. “Our Vulcan is able to provide an accurate alloy ID, often sufficient for most scrap metal recyclers,” says McKernan. “And Vulcan’s advanced data management allows logging both results and pictures to make reporting easy and complete.” He adds that as a laser analyzer, there are no requirements for operator certification and licensing, which is required for XRF operation in Canada.” Hitachi High-Tech’s latest XRF analyzer, the X-MET8000, is typically used in metal recycling and scrap yards when accurate on-site alloy identification and chemistry are required. “The optimized combination of a high performance X-ray tube and large area silicon-drift detector (SDD) delivers the results required in even the most demanding metals applications,” says McKernan. “The X-MET8000 is used for analysis of light elements (Mg to S) and most commercial alloys, including aluminum, titanium, bronze and high temperature alloys. The low

Hitachi High-Technologies’ X-MET8000 XRF-based analyzer features calibration options that suit various recycling applications. limits of detection provide accurate grading and determination of impurities and penalty elements.” McKernan adds that unlike Hitachi-High Tech’s LIBS model (Vulcan), its X-MET8000 HH-XRF analyzer is available with calibration options that suit various recycling applications. The X-MET8000’s plastic FP calibration, for example, is optimized for the determination of a wide range of elements (Cl, Cd, Hg, Pb and many others). “In instances where separation of chlorinated from non-chlorinated plastics is required, The X-MET8000

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equipment focus: Handheld scrap analyzers can be used to ensure that materials such as PVC are not incinerated, preventing damage to the incinerator’s masonry as well as the release of harmful dioxins into the atmosphere,” explains McKernan. “HHXRF is also often used at e-waste recycling facilities to quickly check for the presence of precious metals such as gold (Au), as well as toxic elements such as lead (Pb), to decide the next best processing step,” he says. “In automobile scrap yards, Hitachi High-Tech X-MET8000 with Car Catalyst calibration is used in the determination of platinum, palladium and rhodium at various stages in the recycling and refining process of automotive catalytic converters. “Empty exhaust converter cans, manifolds and pipes can also be sorted on-site using the X-MET’s alloy calibration,” he says, “adding further value to the recycling process.” RPN

Bruker: S1 TITAN (XRF) The S1 TITAN Handheld XRF Spectrometer is among the lightest tube-based handheld XRF analyzers on the market today, according to its manufacturer Bruker, at 1.5 kg, including battery. Fast analysis speed and exceptional accuracy are two key attributes that help define the S1 TITAN. Other innovative features

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include an integrated touch-screen colour display, 50 kV X-ray tube, SMART Grade timing, SharpBeam optimized X-ray geometry, Silicon Drift Detector (SDD), and an extremely tough housing that is sealed against humid and dusty environments. The S1 TITAN series is available in five configurations: models 800, 600, 500, 300 and 200. All models use Bruker’s SharpBeam technology. The S1 TITAN 800 and 600 use a large area CUBE SDD detector to provide incredibly fast analysis times, while the S1 TITAN 500 is configured with a fast, accurate, and affordable standard SDD detector. The S1 TITAN 200 and 300 are configured with an economical Si-PIN detector. In addition, the S1 TITAN can be configured with calibrations that are optimized for a variety of sample materials, including a wide range of alloys, a variety of mining and environmental samples, as well as restricted materials.

Hitachi High-Technologies: X-MET8000 (XRF) The X-MET8000 handheld XRF analyzer is available in three configurations, offering both fundamental parameters (FP) method and empirical calibrations (traceable to CRMs) for superior precision and accuracy. The X-MET8000 series’ intuitive, icon-driven user interface minimizes operator training, while a customizable results screen accelerates decisionmaking. The latest models are lightweight (as low as 1.5 kg) and feature an ergonomic design, comfortable for daily use. A 4.3-inch colour touchscreen is easy to use and read, and no tool is required to change a quick-swap analysis window when broken or dirty. These analyzers also have an automatic sample size compensation for accurate testing of cables, wires, fasteners, turnings, chips, etc. Data can be store on-board the X-MET8000, exported to USB flash drive, PC or the Hitachi High-Technologies cloudbased service.

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equipment focus: Handheld scrap analyzers Bruker: EOS 500 Handheld (LIBS)

TSI: ChemLite Plus (LIBS) ChemLite Plus is TSI’s newest handheld LIBS metals analyzer. Units are designed to be accurate and fast, with 1 to 2 second readings and eye-safe, Class 1M lasers. Because there’s no radiation, there are no regulation requirements, and compared to XRF units, ChemLite is easy and safe for any operator. Additionally, ChemLite analyzers have the largest laser spot size available, and a built-in cleaning mode. ChemLite guns identify Al, Mg, Ti, Fe, Ni, and Cu alloys, and are able to separate close Al alloys that XRF cannot. TSI LIBS technology can also detect tramp elements, like Li and Be, down to 1 ppm and can measure Be copper alloys.

Bruker’s new EOS 500 is a handheld Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (HHLIBS) system. The EOS 500 is based on laser excitation of a metal sample followed by quantitative analysis of the light generated in the plume. This technology provides quick (3 to 5 seconds) analysis of alloys including aluminum, titanium and magnesium. The EOS is especially well suited to scrap sorting of these alloys because of its quick and user-friendly operation. In addition to common elements detectable with XRF technology, the EOS is capable of measuring very light elements such as Li, Be and B, as well as laser-fast analysis of Mg, Al and Si.

Hitachi High-Technologies: Vulcan (LIBS) Hitachi High-Tech’s Vulcan (LIBS) analyzers are among the fastest in the industry, taking just one second to identify and analyze a wide range of alloys. Designed to be rugged and durable, the latest models, including the Vulcan Smart and Vulcan Expert, are IP54-certified and comply with MIL-STD-810G military-grade standards. These LIBS-based analyzers feature measurement optics protected by tough, sapphire glass, with a single battery charge lasting up to eight hours when analyzing one sample every five seconds. Units also include intuitive user interface and point-and-shoot analysis to reduce the chance of user-related errors. Additionally, Vulcan features advanced reporting tools, allowing results to be shared via mobile phone or securely stored through Hitachi cloud-based service.

SciAps: Z-200 (LIBS) SciAps offers both LIBS and X-ray technologies. The Z-200 LIBS model uses a pulsed laser, 5-6 mJ/pulse, with a 50 Hz repetition rate. According to SciAps, it is the world’s only handheld LIBS capable of carbon analysis, and the only handheld technology with integrated argon purge, allowing for operation in both air-based analysis for quick screening, or argon-purge for highly sensitive, precise measurements. The Z model is ideal for analysis of aluminum scrap, particularly where low concentrations of Li, Be and/or B are important, for upgrading stainless into low-carbon or straight grades, and for sorting carbon steels. Complementing the LIBS model, SciAps’ latest XRF model is the X-250, which provides quick analysis of stainless, high temperature- and red metals. The X-250 also excels in the analysis of aluminum alloys, in four seconds, including Al alloys that historically get mixed by other X-ray guns. Additionally, the X-250 offers leading performance on other light elements including S, P, Al and Si.

54 Recycling Product News March 2018

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plastics recycling

China’s Shuttered End-Markets Gives North America Motivation to Open New Doors CPIA’s Online plastics markets reporting tool already revealing valuable data about stranded tonnes and potential alternative markets for recovered plastics

By Joe Hruska

hen China closed its doors to scrap commodity materials, including recovered plastics, because of unacceptable levels of “carried waste”, it set many countries around the globe that ship post-consumer materials to China on their heels. And, like a whack-a-mole game, the pain kept popping up. Even before the end of last year, alternative markets in South Asia and in many countries stopped accepting imports, as redirected shipments from Europe and North America overflowed domestic and global capacity to process plastics and other materials. Many recycling collection programs in North America were left with

stranded tonnes. So, what now? At the Canadian Plastics Industry Association (CPIA), we set out to get a handle on how much recovered plastic is jammed in the pipeline, stored or worse, disposed of in landfill. To collect data, we created a voluntary Online Plastics Markets Reporting Tool. In an easy-to-use format, we encouraged Canadian processors and brokers to record total tonnes of stranded plastics. Individual entries are completely confidential. Our intention is to aggregate the information and compile data on the types of plastic resins and total number of tonnes that collectors haven’t been able to move. We will use the information to shop for potential end-markets that need significant tonnage to

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grow new plastic processing capacity. What has the reporting tool and our discussions revealed so far? First, for many Canadian collectors/recyclers and brokers, the shrinking overseas markets are actually not disrupting business as usual for two main reasons. The first reason is that because many Canadian recyclers have traditionally produced high quality plastic bales that meet or exceed industry specifications, the “China situation” has caused little or no problem. Recovered commodities from these programs continue to be shipped to existing markets. The second reason is that many Canadian recycling processors have cultivated domestic end-markets early in their planning, and have remained loyal to them, even when overseas spot markets raised prices by a few dollars a tonne. By assuring their domestic end-markets a stable supply of quality feedstock over the long haul, their end-markets remain available to them now. Stable supplies have allowed plastic processors to invest in new capacity and technology to meet the high-quality demands of domestic manufacturers who have a choice of virgin and recycled plastic feedstocks. According to a study by U.S.-based Moore Recycling Associates, about 80 percent of plastics recovered in Canada’s residential recycling programs goes to end-markets in North America; only about 20 percent has been shipped to Chinese or other offshore end-markets. Indications suggest that across the country, processors in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec may be challenged, but are moving their plastic materials, particularly where adjustments to quality control have been made to better meet end-market specifications. More serious issues with respect to marketing materials have surfaced in Alberta and the Maritimes where the Chinese ban on scrap waste is impacting mixed rigid plastics, numbers 1 to 7, and low and high-density polyethylene #2 film, generally used for plastic bags and overwrap. In those locations, the stranded materials are being shipped to available markets where quality and capacity permits, stored, used for fuel in cement kilns or, regrettably, some has been landfilled.

Unfortunately, it would appear other global jurisdictions that have shipped a greater percentage of their plastics to China are in a more serious struggle, with fewer options. Everyone agrees the China situation has been a “wake-up call” which has sparked talk of reestablishing end-market capacity in North America. That’s an

important and logical step that needs immediate action, because creating new domestic capacity takes time to plan and build. A vital driver will be incentives from governments, industry and funding organizations like the Closed Loop Fund. But there are other pieces in this puzzle that need discussion, in tandem with the need to build market infrastructure.

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plastics recycling For example, better quality material. The problem that “carried waste” caused for China cannot be transferred to our homegrown solutions. A good start is adopting measures, including slowing down lines in material recycling facilities, increasing manual “quality checks and sorts” to clean incoming materials more effectively, and investing in sorting technology. Add to that the need for more effective promotion and education programs to improve the quality of recyclables, beginning at the curb, depot or other recovery points. We’ll also need to look ahead at developing markets for the newly processed resin pellets and flakes generated by any new processing capacity. The past has seen the lion’s share of manufacturing depart North America in favour of lower wage economies. Encouraging a “Made-in-Canada” and even a “Madein-North-America” reinvestment in our manufacturing industry is a topic worthy of discussion. Along with it, we need procurement policies that stimulate and expand demand for post-consumer plastics. This is one area where voluntary industry and producer responsibility programs, depending on the local preferences of various jurisdictions, can push this agenda forward, fuelling our transition to a low carbon, sustainable economy. And while we’re talking about how to regain control of our industry’s future, we might examine how advanced engineering technology can improve our ability to manage used plastic resources. We are no longer limited by the bottle-to-bottle and cap-to-cap confines of recycling. It’s now possible to deconstruct plastic resins to their base molecular components and to reconstruct them into entirely different and new plastic resins. This exciting, emerging technology can expand markets for used plastic resources beyond conventional processing technologies, enhancing our ability to recycle a greater range of plastics domestically. These opportunities hold the promise of putting challenges, like “China”, behind us. And they hold the promise of helping all of us benefit from a more sustainable economy and environment at home. Joe Hruska is VP Sustainability, Canadian Plastics Industry Association.

58 Recycling Product News March 2018

CWMA meeting focused on plastics Vancouver island gathering brings together 80 delegates to talk about current market conditions

n February 16th, the Victoria, B.C.-based Coast Waste Management Association (CWMA) hosted a meeting and seminar called Plastics Management – economic, market and regulatory trends affecting plastics. The conference, held in Nanaimo, B.C., brought together close to 80 delegates from Vancouver Island and around the province, and as far away as the Yukon and Washington State, including an expert industry panel. All of the day’s speakers focused on the topic of the current state of the plastics recycling industry, as it relates to China’s new import restrictions. They agreed that the currently required recycled commodity purity levels are nearly impossible for North American recyclers to meet, and that already, the industry is seeing backlogs of valuable recycled fibre, plastics and metals, with no end-markets. One of the day’s speakers was Craig Foster, the Canadian Plastics Industry Association’s sustainability consultant, B.C. region. Foster said, “We need to get to the point where we’re all thinking about the same end goal. We’re starting to move to where we’re talking not just about how B.C., Alberta or Ontario should be working, but how Canada should be working.” Foster continued, “The current Chinese policy situation is an interesting one, but it’s not a surprise. We should not be shocked that we have wound up with the marketplace where it is right now.” Foster pointed out that because approximately 80 percent of plastics collected in Canada

The industry panel from left: Rustam Punja, Craig Foster, Ian Kidd, Pat McLaughlin, along with Will Burrows. are processed in Canada, China’s recent National Sword initiative does not have quite the same effect on Canadian recyclers as it does on our neighbours to the South. “We don’t have quite the same extent of reliance on export markets,” he said. Foster also told delegates about how the CPIA has been working with processors across the country, for over three months to network and put together a database of stranded tonnes. “With all the information we’ve gathered in the last three or four months, in B.C. what we’ve found is that we’re not having a real issue – we have homes for our materials,” said Foster. “But the other provinces are not doing quite so well. We need to focus on building our domestic marketplace.” Foster added that “The bottom line is quality. When you put material back into the system, you are supplying some other company with their raw material. We have to generate quality.” RPN

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ELV Project paves way for recovering plastics from autos

promising future exists for successfully recycling plastics recovered from automobiles, according to the U.S. based Plastics Industry Association (PLASTICS), which released results from Phase I of its End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) Recycling Demonstration Project in February. The results demonstrate both the technical and economic feasibility of collecting and reprocessing certain plastic auto parts so they can either be put back to use in automotive applications or reborn as new products. Work continues through phases two and three of the project. “The ELV project is one of many demonstration projects that PLASTICS is leading to develop long-term, sustainable ways to give plastics a new life through recycling,” said PLASTICS President and CEO William R. Carteaux. “These initial results are a promising indicator of the potential value that exists in recycled plastics from sources that haven’t been tapped yet.” For the PLASTICS-led ELV project, 19 companies and organizations set out to create a model for how to create new sources of

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recycled plastics from old, scrap automobiles. The project focused specifically on plastic car bumpers, chosen both for their homogeneity of material and for their relative abundance. Recyclers and processors participating in the project were able to convert bumpers made of thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO) a broad category of durable plastic materials, into raw plastic materials that possessed many of the same qualities as virgin TPO. “While the recycled material could not directly replace virgin TPO in a high-demand application, we found that the material was very strong, and could be used for less-intensive applications on vehicles or serve as a feedstock for products in other sectors,” said Kendra Martin, PLASTICS’ vice president of industry affairs. “These results are extremely encouraging for our ultimate goal – to create a large-scale recovery model for automotive plastics – and marks an important step in the plastics industry’s work to make sure all plastic materials – including bumpers – are put to their highest and best use.” A full copy of the report is available through PLASTICS.

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The way forward

Now is the time for innovation in North American recycling and manufacturing sectors

by Tracy Shaw

xporters in Canada have already begun seeing disruption in trade flows stemming from China’s Environmental Protection Control Standards for Imported Solid Waste Used as Raw Materials. Despite the concerns raised by governing bodies and industry representatives from around the world, the Chinese government moved forward with its decision to implement these severe and restrictive standards. Chinese import fees have increased, quotas and licenses have been drastically reduced, and exporters are finding it increasingly difficult

to move material to the country that has long been the world’s largest importer of scrap. Scrap markets have been beset by uncertainty since China first announced its intentions to restrict imports last year. The Bureau of International Recycling predicts that exports of restricted materials could drop by 40 percent or more. What’s more, China has announced a larger plan to stop importing materials that can be recovered domestically. Confusion surrounding the restrictions persists. While the full impact of these restrictions is unclear, one thing is certain: the recycling

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lastword

“

While the full impact of these restrictions is unclear, one thing is certain: the recycling industry can no longer rely on China as its golden goose.” Tracy Shaw

industry can no longer rely on China as its golden goose. The short-term effect of these restrictions will be painful, and will necessitate a change in the way we do business. The way forward will require diversity and innovation. North America is already seeing the impact of these restrictions on regional recycling and collection programs. Reactions have been varied: some municipal programs have stopped accepting certain types of recyclable materials, some have redirected material to landfills or incinerators, and some are adopting a moratorium on adding new materials to municipal collection programs. The rapid implementation of the Standards for Imported Solid Waste Used as Raw Materials gave the industry little time to adapt, and some facilities are stockpiling material in hopes of finding alternative markets. Finding new and diverse markets for the long term is an inevitability. Trade is critical to the recycling industry’s success, and scrap material is crucial to the global manufacturing supply chain. However, in the short term, there are few viable alternative destinations for these materials. Although many exporters are looking to other markets in Southeast Asia, these countries simply do not have the processing capacity to fill the void left by China. We will no doubt start to see countries seizing this opportunity to grow their

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industries. Trade in scrap material supports value-added economic activity, and investment in broadening their capacity will create jobs and opportunities for these emerging markets. Opportunities for investment and growth are also available to our domestic industries. Now is the time for innovation in the North American recycling and manufacturing sectors. New technologies and equipment will be needed to process certain materials to a high quality and in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Some MRF operators have already reportedly begun installing new equipment to better process material. But recovering secondary resources requires a market for the material as well as a system to process it. Manufacturers could take this opportunity to design products with recycled material and for maximum material recovery. Although the impact of the Standards for Imported Solid Waste Used as Raw Materials remains to be seen, it is clear the status quo has changed. Moving our industry forward will be a difficult process, but it could lead to a new era of innovation. Tracy Shaw is president and CEO, Canadian Association of Recycling Industries (CARI). CARI’s 77th Annual Convention will be held in Niagara Falls, Ontario, June 7-9, 2018.

Exodus.........................................52

OverBuilt Inc...................................7

Frontline Machinery......................47

Paradigm Software.......................60

Gensco Equipment.......................30

PMR..............................................53

American Baler.............................61

Harris Equipment..........................17

RCBC...........................................61

Bandit Industries..........................41

Herbold USA................................19

Recycling Equipment Canada......25

BM&M Screening Solutions.........43

Industrial Magnetics, Inc..............23

R.M. Johnson...............................63

Bruker Elemental..........................49

Industrial Netting..........................38

Rotochopper..................................9

Buffalo Turbine.............................37

Intermat....................................59

Sennebogen...................................4

CP Group......................................31

Kensal Carbide.............................35

Sierra International Machinery.....27

DuraTech Industries......................60

Komptech.......................................2

Terex (Fuchs)................................45

Ecotec..........................................56

LBX Company................................3

Terex/CBI......................................51

Ecoverse.......................................15

Lefort North America LLC............44

TSI Inc..........................................33

E-Crane........................................46

Liebherr........................................64

VP Building Solutions...................57

ELV Select....................................29

Lindner America...........................13

WasteExpo...................................55

62 Recycling Product News March 2018

Model 4 The new model 4 E-Z log Baler is just what mid size scrap yards have been asking for! Priced right for any yard — small, mid size, or large! Like the Model 3, the NEW Model 4 has no set up time and a very low cost to operate. The one man operations are all handled from the newly designed cab. With the 400º rotation crane and a reach of 27’ adding the continuous rotation grapple, it makes loading the larger chamber a breeze. Taking your loose scrap to a highly sought after shreddable log.

— Cycles in under 2 minutes! — Produces up to 70 tons per day. — Fully portable in the closed position. — New seat design for more operator comfort.

Experience the Progress.

Liebherr Wheel Loaders L 526 - L 546 for industrial applications Waste applications demand a machine that is custom-engineered for the job, with wastespecific guarding to protect key components from debris. Our range of wheel loaders are powerful, offer smooth operation and can be configured with optional parallel linkage for industrial operations. And like the rest of our loaders, the Liebherr-Power-Efficiency (LPE) System adjusts the power to the job for fuel savings of up to 25 percent - so you handle more, faster. Liebherr-Canada Ltd. 1015 Sutton Drive, Burlington, Ontario L7L 5Z8 Phone: +1 800 387 3922 E-mail: info.lca@liebherr.com www.facebook.com/LiebherrConstruction www.liebherr.ca