RECYCLING PRODUCT NEWS
DEFENSE IS THE BEST
OFFENSE GRINDER DAMAGE DEFENSE SYSTEM KEY FOR ONTARIO’S WASTEAWAY ENVIRONMENTAL PAGE 32
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LARGEST IN-VESSEL COMPOSTING FACILITY IN CANADA PAGE 24
RECYCLING AUTO CATALYST IN THE DATA AGE PAGE 40 November/December 2018
SCRAP
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CONTENTS NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2018 | Volume 26, Number 8
FEATURES 24 TAKING IN-VESSEL COMPOSTING TO THE NEXT LEVEL
The Calgary Composting Facility is the largest of its kind in Canada
damage protection system key for growth at WasteAway
32 DEFENSE IS THE BEST OFFENSE Machine monitoring and
50 EQUIPMENT FOCUS: HORIZONTAL GRINDERS Customer feedback based on
proven designs is shaping the latest organics processing workhorses
56 ADVANCING THE HOME- GROWN SOLUTION Matt Zubick is CARI’s newly
appointed chair and is looking forward to advancing efforts over the next two years
61 LAST WORD WE ARE ALL COMPOSTERS
USCC’s Frank Franciosi on the need for municipalities to step up and support organics recycling
34 BUILDING A PROFIT MACHINE With the right equipment,
converted landfill site works for composting
40 AUTO CATALYST REACHES THE DATA AGE 44 AUTO SHREDDER UPGRADE CALLS FOR FASTER HANDLERS
32
cover story
48 WRATH OF THE GODDESS OF THE EARTH Nonferrous and other recycling
markets have been hit hard in 2018, and the situation appears to be here to stay
On the cover:
On site at WasteAway Recycling & Environmental in Ontario. FOLLOW US
@recyclingpn
44 November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
7
CONTENTS
RECYCLING PRODUCT NEWS
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2018 VOLUME 26, NUMBER 8 EDITOR Keith Barker kbarker@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 305 ASSOCIATE EDITOR Lee Toop ltoop@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 315 MANAGING EDITOR Kaitlyn Till ktill@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 330
12
EDITORIAL DIRECTOR Lawrence Buser lbuser@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 310 ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER Sam Esmaili sam@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext.110 ACCOUNT MANAGER David Gilmour dgilmour@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 105 ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER Tina Anderson production@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 222 DESIGN & PRODUCTION Morena Zanotto morena@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 320 CIRCULATION baumpublications@circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 PRESIDENT / PUBLISHER Ken Singer ksinger@baumpub.com
24
VICE PRESIDENT / CONTROLLER Melvin Date-Chong mdatechong@baumpub.com FOUNDER Engelbert Baum
DEPARTMENTS 12 UPFRONT 18 SPOTLIGHT 24 COMPOSTING & ORGANICS
46
RECYCLING
40 AUTO RECYCLING 46 FEATURE PRODUCT:
EW240E MATERIAL HANDLER
48 COMMODITY FOCUS:
NONFERROUS
50 EQUIPMENT FOCUS:
HORIZONTAL GRINDERS
50
56 INDUSTRY LEADER PROFILE: MATT ZUBICK 61 LAST WORD
8 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Published by Baum Publications Ltd. 124-2323 Boundary Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5M 4V8 www.baumpub.com Phone: 604-291-9900 • Toll Free:1-888-286-3630 Fax: 604-291-1906 Recycling Product News is published eight times yearly: January/ February, March, April, May/June, July/August, September, October, November/December. Advertising closes at the beginning of the issue month. One year subscription rates for others: Canada $33.50 + 1.68 GST = $35.18; U.S.A. $40; other countries $63.50. Single copies $6.00 + 0.30 GST = $6.30; outside Canada $7.00. All prices are in Canadian funds. Recycling Product News accepts no responsibility or liability for reported claims made by manufacturers and/or distributors for products or services; the views and opinions e xpressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Baum Publications Ltd. Copyright 2018, Baum Publications Ltd. No portion of this publication may be reproduced without permission of the publishers. Printed in Canada, on recycled paper, by Mitchell Press Ltd. ISSN 17157013. PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270. Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: Circulation Dept., 124-2323 Boundary Rd., Vancouver, B.C. V5M 4V8; e-mail: baumpublications@ circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 or fax: 1-855-272-0972.
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FROM THE EDITOR
looking past a year of uncertainty
I
“
Recyclables
are just another raw material whose prices fluctuate. The light is clearly shining at the end of this tunnel. It’s a long tunnel, and the train is moving slowly, but I see no reason to panic.”
Chaz Miller
f asked by anyone outside of our industry about how things have gone in 2018 your average North American recycler, exhausted and somewhat frazzled, would likely say something to the effect that “it’s been a tough year.” Waste management and hauling firms would probably say something similar. Phrases such as “diminished profit margins,” “lack of end markets” or “need for change” might well be used. Blue Sky, National Sword and other terms used to describe the evolving stages of China’s scrap import restriction policies may be thrown around. And one could expect to hear words including “uncertainty” or even “crisis.” In 2018, commodity prices for key recyclables, including mixed paper and plastics, especially Nos 3–7), as well as most grades of nonferrous metal, are down significantly overall. Demand is also down as China’s scrap import restriction policies have resulted in stockpiles of huge amounts of materials without end markets. Owners of mixed material recycling facilities, single-stream MRFs and some scrapyards have been hit hardest by lower market prices for their recovered materials. This situation has set us back with respect to the increased amount of material going to landfills rather than being diverted and turned into valuable new material, and has driven many recyclers out of business entirely. The year has also brought with it a trade war between the U.S. and China, which has resulted in massive tariffs on both sides, and will be remembered as the year in which NAFTA was renegotiated as USMCA (yet to be ratified), adding to uncertainty on many trade fronts between Canada, Mexico and the U.S. After such a year, it is clear the waste management and recycling industry could use some support. It does not seem right that our industry is shouldering the financial and logistical burden of dealing with society’s wasteful habits at relatively low profit margins and at the mercy of geopolitical economic forces. This when multi-billion dollar companies continue to churn out non-recyclable and difficult-
to-recycle consumer and commercial goods without nearly enough thought towards their end-of-life recovery, and without paying for all the adverse results of their profitability. Governments also need to increase support for our industry. Governments use tax dollars to build and maintain other essential infrastructure which society needs to function efficiently, including roads and sewers. Why is waste management not considered at least nearly as important? We have only to look to the giant ocean garbage patch in the Pacific to understand the importance of proper management of waste. What would we all do if our waste and recyclables suddenly weren’t picked up, or if facilities and yards stopped taking recyclable materials because they could not function on the basis of profitability alone? If this situation lasted for even a few months on a large scale, government entities and society at large would have some serious problems. Thankfully, we are not quite there yet. Still, without doubt, it is time for a monumental shift in the way our valuable recyclable materials are managed – from their design to their recovery. It will take time, certainly, but clearly change has begun as of 2018 – as new domestic markets start to get built, new foreign markets are established, waste generators continue to be educated and advances in technology continue to help the recycler’s bottom line. And truly, we have to take all of the doom and gloom we’ve seen in 2018 with a granule of recyclate, if you will. In an article from the summer, 40-year industry veteran and member of SWANA’s recently created Recycling Task Force, Chaz Miller, puts things in perspective from the optimist’s point of view. Miller said: “Clearly this latest crisis will not be resolved overnight. Instead of panicking, however, we should take a deep breath and calm down. Recyclables are just another raw material whose prices fluctuate. The light is clearly shining at the end of this tunnel. It’s a long tunnel, and the train is moving slowly, but I see no reason to panic.” Agreed. All the best in 2019.
Keith Barker, Editor kbarker@baumpub.com 888-286-3630; 604-291-9900 ext. 305
CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF RECYCLING INDUSTRIES
10 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
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UPFRONT PET RECYCLING
BHS front-end sorting and purification system part of massive new rPlanet Earth PET recovery facility producing food-grade output rPlanet Earth has opened the company’s new 302,000-square-foot plastics recovery and production facility in Vernon, California. The facility takes in bottles, clamshell containers, and other packaging waste from curbside collection then puts it through an extensive series of sorting and cleaning procedures. The next step grinds material into flake and subjects it to rigorous wash and decontamination. The system then raises the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the material in accordance with end-use requirements and processes it into food-grade sheet, thermoformed containers and injection molded preforms for bottles. The new rPlanet Earth plant has an annual capacity of 80,000,000
pounds (36,290 metric tons). Among a range of state-of-the-art reclaim and polymer processing systems in place at the Vernon plant include three Welex sheet lines supplied by Graham Engineering Corporation and equipped with EDI extrusion dies and BKG melt delivery components from Nordson Corporation. On the front end of the plant, Germany-based Krones supplied its bottle-grade flake production system, which includes BHS bottle sorting and purification. The highly automated BHS purification system processes more than 6 tph of baled post-consumer PET and runs nearly 24 hours a day. According to Oregon-based Bulk Handling Systems (BHS), the rPlanet
BATTERY RECYCLING
Quebec’s Lithion Recycling project secures $3.8 million in SDTC funding Seneca, a Montreal-based engineering consulting firm specializing in industrial materials process engineering, recently announced that the Lithion Recycling project consortium has received a $3.8 million funding from Sustainable Development Technology Canada (SDTC). “We are delighted that Lithion Recycling Inc. has received support from SDTC,” said Benoit Couture, president of Seneca. “The electric vehicle market is growing, but there is currently no sustainable solution for its lithium-ion battery recycling. The innovative and patented process we have developed for Lithion Recycling Inc. will allow up to 95 percent of these batteries’ components to be recovered in an eco-friendly and cost-effective manner. We are excited about the idea of contributing to the shift to a circular economy.” Lithion Recycling Inc. will enable the recycling of all types of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), essential to the sustainable development of transportation electrification. The project consortium is a partnership between Seneca, Centre d’études des procédés chimiques du Québec (CEPROCQ), Call2Recycle, and Hydro-Québec’s Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES). 12 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Earth Vernon plant employs BHS screen, Nihot air, NRT optical and Max-AI robotic sorting technologies to produce a highly pure clear PET product for further processing. Five NRT optical sorters with In-Flight Sorting technology remove metals, mixed plastics and coloured PET,
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATIONS
Kajman 1000 Alligator Shear allows G Globe Metal recently purchased a brand new Kajman 1000 Alligator Shear. According to the Montreal-based scrap recycler, this new machine allows for the shearing of stainless pipe and plate to produce foundrygrade cut plate, prepared for any customer’s specifications. It is also capable of producing any size of Ferro additives as per customers’ exacting requirements. According to Gensco Equipment, the Torontobased equipment supplier which worked with Globe Metal on the installation, the new Kajman 1000 Alligator Shear is known as the Rolls Royce
MORE INDUSTRY NEWS RecyclingProductNews.com
and positively sort clear PET. The system’s Max-AI AQC-2, an artificial intelligence-directed robotic sorter, uses a camera, neural networks and two robots to autonomously perform final quality control. Aluminum, metals and mixed plastics are also recovered for recycling. In addition, BHS supplied the
company’s recently launched Total Intelligence Platform, a system that automatically processes information from the controls system and motors, optical and Max-AI equipment, scales, baler and other sensors, to provide an easy-to-use information and analytics platform. “This is a really amazing process and we are honoured to have supplied the front-end system for Krones and rPlanet Earth,” said BHS VP of Sales & Marketing Rich Reardon. “This system fills the demand for RPET from producers and is also a domestic outlet for our MRF operators – it’s a true win-win.” According to rPlanet Earth coCEO Bob Daviduk: “We really are a technology company. We’re going to bring technology to bear to improve the way that post-consumer PET is recycled. We’ll have the lowest carbon footprint of any packaging in the marketplace because of the way we’ve put the plant together.”
s Globe Metal to get stainless to any specifications of alligator shears. It has a blade length of approximately 40 inches (1,000 mm), a maximum opening of roughly 23 inches (580 mm) and a maximum force of 348 tonnes (3,100 kN). Its cut profile is round and approximately 3.5 inches with a 3-inch plate. “The addition of the Kajman 1000 Alligator Shear puts Globe Metal in a position to produce finished product in-house instead of having to rely on outside contractors,” commented Globe Metal CEO Jeff Solomon. “The tool gives us better cost control. It puts us in a position to control quality from our production floor instead of having to rely on third-party processors. It also allows us to perform just-in-time deliveries and have better control over stringent delivery dates by managing all aspects of production inhouse.”
EDUCATING THE PUBLIC
Expanded Mercury Roundup to educate Ontarians Scout Environmental recently announced the expansion of Mercury Roundup: a ground-breaking program that educates Ontarians on the dangers of mercury and empowers them to bring mercury-containing products to their local household hazardous waste facilities for safe recycling. With generous funding from the Ontario Trillium Foundation, Scout partnered with the Region of Peel on a program pilot in 2016. The City of Peterborough and the City of Barrie joined in 2018, and together these three municipalities have collected over 670 mercurycontaining items to date. Scout Environmental plans to expand Mercury Roundup to four more municipalities by 2021. Mercury is a naturally occurring substance, a good conductor of electricity and the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. As such, it is used in the production of button batteries, fluorescent tubes, and compact fluorescent lighting (CFLs). It was also once used in the manufacture of thermostats, thermometers, blood pressure monitors, and a variety of switches used in residential, commercial and industrial applications. Mercury contamination carries a substantial threat to human and ecosystem health. Exposure to small amounts can have toxic effects on the nervous, digestive and immune systems, and on lungs, kidneys, skin and eyes. It can also contaminate soil and water and cause catastrophic damage to ecosystems. Humans have increased the base level of mercury contamination in the global environment by 300 percent. Mercury Roundup works directly with participating municipalities to collect and safely manage mercurycontaining items. A full list of items that may contain mercury and what to do in the event of a spill can be found at MercuryRoundup.ca.
November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
13
UPFRONT WASTE-TO-FUEL
MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS
HEBioT resource recovery facility to process municipal waste into renewable fuel
GFL and Waste Industries merge
BioHiTech Global, Inc., a technology and services company that provides cost-effective and sustainable waste management solutions, recently announced that the Company’s subsidiary, Rensselaer Resource Recovery, LLC, has received local permit approval from the City of Rensselaer, New York, to build a 72,000-square-foot HEBioT municipal waste processing facility on 23 acres of land in the city’s southern industrial area. The planned facility is expected to generate approximately $12 million of high margin annual revenue through a patented waste processing system that converts approximately 40 percent of mixed municipal waste into an EPA-approved solid recovered fuel (SRF) and reduces the total residual waste ultimately sent to landfills by as much as 80 percent. “With the first U.S. HEBioT plant in West Virginia nearing completion, our Rensselaer project achieving this significant milestone, and our planning stage project in Philadelphia, we are well on our way to building a strong pipeline of HEBioT facility projects that will add significant high margin revenue to BioHiTech in the years to come,” said BioHiTech CEO Frank E. Celli.
GFL Environmental Inc. based out of Vaughan, Ontario, and Raleigh, North Carolina–based Waste Industries completed their merger agreement November 15th in a transaction that values Waste Industries at US$2.825 billion (C$3.65 billion). Following its recapitalization completed in May, 2018 with a consortium led by affiliates of BC Partners and including affiliates of Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan and others, GFL, combined with Waste Industries, is now the largest privately owned environmental services company in North America, with operations in nine Canadian provinces and 20 U.S. states. The combined company will operate 98 collection operations, 59 transfer stations, 29 material recovery facilities, 10 organics facilities and 47 landfills, and will have more than 8,850 employees. “Waste Industries will more than double GFL’s current footprint of operations in the United States, adding collection, transfer station, materials recovery and landfill operations in fast growing U.S. markets, growing our customer base and forming an extended platform from which GFL can continue to execute on our proven organic and acquisition growth strategy,” said Patrick Dovigi, Founder and CEO of GFL and CEO of the newly combined companies. “Waste Industries strongly complements GFL’s brand with an over 47-year history of providing excellent customer service to its local communities and has a management team with a proven track record of harnessing technology, processes and systems to drive operating efficiencies.” Upon completion of the merger, Ven Poole, the former chairman and CEO of Waste Industries, has joined GFL’s Board of Directors.
PLASTICS
ReVital Polymers, Pyrowave and INEOS partner to launch polystyrene recycling consortium September 19, at the G7 Ministerial Meeting on Working Together on Climate Change, Oceans and Clean Energy, three industry leaders involved with post-consumer packaging recovery – ReVital Polymers, Pyrowave and INEOS Styrolution – formed a strategic partnership to recycle polystyrene packaging collected in consumer curbside and depot recycling systems as well as other sources such as restaurants, offices, schools and universities. The collaboration will use advanced recycling technology pioneered by Pyrowave that will close the loop by recycling single-serve polystyrene packaging and utilizing recycled polystyrene in the manufacturing of new products and packaging. According to the members
of the partnership, this Canadianmade solution will not only reduce the amount of polystyrene packaging going to landfill, but will also address the global problem of plastic pollution in marine environments. Polystyrene is mostly known for its use in foam and rigid packaging, containers, cups and utensils commonly used for food and beverage delivery in supermarkets and take-out food service. By enabling this groundbreaking recycling chain, ReVital, Pyrowave and INEOS Styrolution say they will change the way post-consumer polystyrene packaging is recycled in an integrated, restorative and regenerative manner that maintains the material’s highest utility and value within a circular economy.
14 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
MORE INDUSTRY NEWS RecyclingProductNews.com
MANUFACTURING
Sierra breaks ground on Georgia manufacturing facility expansion Due to overwhelming demand for the Sierra REB line of tworam balers and conveyors, Sierra International Machinery has announced the addition of a 24,000-square-foot expansion at their manufacturing facility in Jesup, Georgia. According to the California-based company, this expansion will allow for the ability to increase production and meet demand for the full Sierra product line. This will be the third expansion Sierra has added to its Georgia facility since it opened in 2008. “We are proud to announce the expansion of our facility in Jesup, Georgia,” said John Sacco, president and owner of Sierra International Machinery. “The success of our two-ram balers and conveyors in the waste sector has grown exponentially, far more than we initially anticipated. Which can be largely contributed to our new REB-4 two-ram baler that has surpassed all expectations. With this type of growth, the expansion was necessary to meet the demand for the Sierra catalogue.” Every Sierra two-ram baler and conveyor is fully engineered,
manufactured and assembled in Georgia, which the company says is truly the birthplace of the Sierra line of two-ram balers. Sierra offers three different two-ram models, including the patent pending REB-4 with Dual-Compression Doors, and many conveyor models. Once completed, Sierra’s Georgia manufacturing facility will be 72,000 square feet, providing increased job opportunities in the Jesup area.
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15
UPFRONT ELECTRONICS
Premier Surplus expands e-waste division of company with SSI system Premier Surplus, Inc., a Georgia-based asset management and electronics recycling company, in partnership with SSI, has completed the design of a new e-waste shred system. The system, scheduled for installation in spring 2019, will be replacing Premier’s original shred line with state-of-the-art equipment and technology. “Premier Surplus has very specific goals and a desire to offer their clients tailored solutions,” commented Dave Fleming, director of sales and marketing at SSI. “We are thrilled to be selected as a part of Premier’s growth plans and excited to supply their next generation e-scrap processing system.” According to Premier Surplus, their new approach will allow them to consider a wider breadth of materials than a typical processor might, at a time when the industry is looking for reliable domestic outlets. “We spent a great deal of time reviewing multiple system designs and proposals before selecting the equipment
RecyclingProductNews.com
Link-Belt dealer opens branch in Calgary LBX Company LLC, makers of LinkBelt excavators, forestry machines, demolition and scrap/material handling equipment, recently announced the opening of an Equipment Sales and Service Limited (ESS) branch in Calgary, Alberta. ESS has been a Link-Belt excavators dealer since September 1978 and has won Canada’s Best Managed Companies award for seven consecutive years since 2011.
CDE expanding in North America that will work for our application,” said Phillip Kennedy, President of Premier Surplus. “We have been shredding e-waste for over five years and are now faced with much more volume and harder to recycle electronics. Commodity values continue to drop but the volume continues to rise. “We designed the new shred system around our existing system, so we can simultaneously perform data and product destruction projects while at the same time processing the electronic scrap.”
C&D
Study finds Ontario municipalities performing poorly on concrete and asphalt recycling A new study released in October, commissioned by the Toronto and Area Road Builders Association (TARBA), has found that many municipalities in Ontario have policies that prohibit or severely limit the use of recycled asphalt and concrete in road construction and other public works. According to the study, every year millions of tonnes of this material is being stockpiled in mountains of urban rubble or dumped in landfill. “And that’s a terrible waste of a valuable resource,” said Rob Bradford, executive director of TARBA. Mississauga, Oshawa, Peel, Durham and Niagara were among the “worst” per-
MORE INDUSTRY NEWS
formers in recycling aggregate, according to the study, and only about seven percent of the aggregate needed in Ontario currently comes from recycled sources. In contrast, some European countries use up to 20 percent recycled aggregate. Ontario’s Ministry of Transportation also uses about 20 percent recycled materials in its highway construction. “Residents have a right to know whether their municipality is doing a good job – or not – of recycling asphalt and concrete,” said Bradford, who noted that TARBA has joined with other industry groups to launch a campaign to raise public awareness of the issue.
16 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
CDE Global is expanding global operations with “big plans for the North American screening and washing marketplace.” The Northern Ireland– based manufacturer of washing plants for aggregates, recycling and mining operations marked the grand opening of its new North American headquarters in Cleburne, Texas, with a celebration for staff and customers in September. According to CDE, the move into North America is just one part of CDE’s growth at present; it is also establishing a new research and development centre and recently purchased and converted a former Caterpillar production facility near Belfast, Northern Ireland, that will add 350,000 square feet of production space.
Builtrite Holdings acquires Lemco Hydraulics As of October 12, Builtrite Holdings, LLC has acquired Lemco Hydraulics. Lemco, located in Hill City, Minnesota, designs and produces truck-mount and stationary material handlers and attachments for solid waste, recycling and other applications. Lemco will join with Builtrite Manufacturing, located in Two Harbors, Minnesota, to expand sales and distribution of the two companies’ lines of complementary material handlers and attachments.
SPOTLIGHT
Rotochopper unveils B-66 L-Series horizontal grinder at 2018 Demo Days Rotochopper unveiled the new B-66 L-Series horizontal grinder, the latest addition to their line of horizonal grinders, at its annual Demo Day event in September. The B-66 L-Series horizontal grinder is an advanced fibre processing system designed to meet the needs of grinding larger, more abrasive feedstock materials and engineered to increase overall production rates with very high efficiency. See details on the B-66 L, as well as the latest models from a range of manufacturers in our equipment focus on horizontal grinders, this issue (50–54).
Latest Goodyear Waste Haul Retread offers longevity and enhanced traction Waste haul fleets that want to optimize their tire investment through retreading have a new option with the Goodyear Endurance WHD. Engineered to provide enhanced traction while offering long miles to removal, the Goodyear Endurance WHD is the latest from Goodyear’s Total Solution line of products. “Waste haul fleets are avid users of retreads due to the often-severe conditions faced by waste haul vehicles,” said Dustin Lancy, Goodyear marketing manager. “We are excited to add the Endurance WHD to our portfolio of waste haul retread products, which includes the Goodyear Endurance WHA retread, our complement retread product for the Goodyear Endurance WHA new waste haul tire.” Features of the Goodyear Endurance WHD, which has been designed for the drive position, include: a dual-layer tread compound for slow tread wear and low rolling resistance; deep, 32/32-inch tread depth to offer enhanced miles to removal; and self-cleaning grooves to help evacuate mud and snow. “Tires represent a significant investment for waste haul fleets,” said Lancy. “Designed for excellent miles to removal and fuel efficiency – and offering enhanced traction and other benefits – the new Goodyear Endurance WHD retread helps waste haul fleets optimize their tire assets.” The Goodyear Endurance WHD is available in widths from 8.5 inches (215 mm) to 10-5/8 inches (270 mm). Waste haul tires can be retreaded at any Goodyear Authorized Retreader across North America.
18 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Rigaku KT-100S LIBS handheld analyzer features improved capabilities Rigaku Analytical Devices introduced its newest handheld analyzer for metal alloy analysis in September. The Rigaku KT-100S laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) handheld analyzer provides an alternative for identification of a larger number of alloys in less than two seconds, ideal for use in the toughest environments, including scrap metal and other recycling applications.
OUR LOOK AT THE LATEST NEW AND UPDATED EQUIPMENT, TECHNOLOGY, PARTS AND SYSTEMS FOR RECYCLING AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
CP Anti-Wrap Screen introduced CP Anti-Wrap Screen uses high-agitation discs and extra-large rotor shafts to mitigate wrapping. The rubberized discs run with a non-pinching motion that eliminates jamming. “These features allow it to run at peak performance throughout a shift,” continued Schneider. “With no unscheduled maintenance breaks due to wrapping or jamming.” The CP Anti-Wrap Screen is equipped with CP’s lock out tag out mechanism with large access door, providing optimal safety to the operating staff. CP
CP Group’s new Anti-Wrap Screen is the recycling manufacturer’s second new screen introduction of 2018. According to the California-based company, the CP Anti-Wrap Screen accurately separates newsprint and large fibre from material streams by using high-amplitude elliptical discs to agitate material. Terry Schneider, president and CEO of CP Group, said “With more flexpackaging and film showing up in the material stream, wrapping is a serious concern for many MRF operators. The
The KT-100S handheld LIBS metal analyzer provides on-thespot identification of the most difficult alloys, including aluminum grades, with lower detection limits and the ability to analyze more alloys. This includes upgraded precision for low-alloy steels, stainless steels, as well as hightemperature alloys and the added detection of lithium (Li). In addition, the KT-100S analyzer offers unique auto surface preparation with its patented DrillDown feature, is very compact, rugged and low-weight, and requires minimal to no regulatory licensing requirements.
Group says they have installed the CP Anti-Wrap Screen in several plants, and plan to incorporate it into MRF designs in the future.
SCC-15 designed for cannabis waste New York-based Munson Machinery has introduced the SCC Screen Classifying Cutter Model SCC-15, designed to reduce fibrous cannabis stalks and bulbs into compost-ready particle sizes at high rates for efficient post-harvest processing. With an infeed throat of 381 x 279 mm, this heavy-duty cutter features an 279 mm diameter rotor with dozens of cutter heads attached to a helical array of staggered holders called interconnected parallelograms. They continuously shear oversize cannabis materials against twin, stationary bed knives. Unlike conventional knife cutters that slice material in scissor-like fashion, the SCC Cutter is configured with carbide-tipped cutter heads along the entire shaft with no gaps between tips, providing total contact with the material being processed.
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Bandit Industries’ extremely popular Model 3680XP Beast Recycler has undergone some design improvements, which increases its production and lowers its operating costs. We build a better Beast to help you Build Your Bottom Line! The improvements include: • A new 30-tooth grinding pattern – which lowers your wear parts costs • A faster mill rpm – material clears the mill faster, which lowers your wear parts costs • A more-open mill housing design – reduces wear in the mill chamber, which lowers your wear parts costs • Additional screening area – which increases production • A new proportional feed drive system – which increases production The result is up to a 40% increase in production and a lower per-ton grinding cost. The Beast will process as much as 500 cubic yards an hour in typical green waste and does exceptionally well in processing cull logs, cut offs and chunkwood. If you want to lower your operating costs while increasing your production, take a look at the best – take a look at The Beast! Let us prove it to you. Contact Bandit Industries today to arrange for a demonstration and find out how Bandit Builds Your Bottom Line. Call 1-800-952-0178 or visit us online.
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November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
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SPOTLIGHT TOMRA enhances X-Tract with dual processing, multi-density channels and application packages TOMRA Sorting Recycling has introduced a new generation of X-TRACT machine with advanced sorting technology that allows a broader range of market segments to take advantage of its ability to boost purity levels. Today’s XTRACT features innovative Dual Processing Technology to enhance final purity levels; multi-density channels for more precise classification and sorting of materials; and a broad range of application packages. “With X-ray transmission technology to assess materials according to their density, X-TRACT was already capable of delivering excellent sorting performance,” comments Carlos Manchado Atienza, regional director Americas for TOMRA Sorting, Inc. “Our innovative and unique Dual Processing Technology improves accuracy to material recognition and sorting. There is no other technology on the market like this. Now that X-TRACT is available for a broader range of customized application packages, more businesses can take advantage of it.”
X-TRACT is best known for the sorting of zorba (shredded mixed nonferrous scrap metals) into aluminum and mixed heavy metals. Design advancements on the new machine now make it possible for X-TRACT to be configured in five different application packages: E-Scrap, Organic, Wood, Aluminum and High-Power-Pack.
Container loading system loads metal efficiently
Digital controls improve safe use of compactors and balers Epax Systems has developed Axxess controls, an electronic key box system that replaces traditional key-based on-and-off switch systems for balers and compactors. This system provides a digital keypad that allows multiple users to type a 4-digit code to control the equipment and allows for administrators to add and edit users. Axxess controls eliminates lost keys and hazards posed by keys unintentionally left in the machine and meets OSHA standards. In addition, this system is weather-resistant, comes equipped with a light for use in the dark and can be installed on new or existing compactors or balers.
20 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
The BPS Container Loading System is engineered to load 20and 40-foot shipping containers quickly and efficiently for the export of ferrous and nonferrous metals. The three major components of this system are the vibratory hopper feeder, loading belt conveyor and system controls. The robust surge hopper is constructed of 1/2-inch plate and has a holding capacity of approximately 15 cubic yards, using a manually adjustable product flow control gate for product feed rate. The unit’s heavy-duty cantilevered belt conveyor is engineered with a belt speed of 500 to 1,000 fpm to allow for more material to stack up in the container, and the control package includes a VFD for both the vibratory feeder and the belt conveyor mounted in a NEMA 12/4 UL/cull listed enclosure with all necessary operator functions. Load cells or a belt scale can be included as an option.
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SPOTLIGHT VEZ 3200 shredder engineered for refuse-derived-fuel With the recently introduced VEZ 3200, Vecoplan says they have developed a powerful single-shaft pre-shredder with high throughput capacity for applications in refuse-derived-fuel (RDF). The VEZ 3200 is ideally suited for the manufacture of RDF from production and sorting waste, packaging material and the highcalorific fraction of domestic and commercial waste, for use as an energy source in cement works and power stations. According to Vecoplan, all areas of this fully enclosed plant are subject to particularly high forces and loadings in the shredding process have been specifically reinforced. In addition, units can handle large bales, yet include compact external dimensions, and a lower loading edge to simplify feeding. Other key features include: infinitely adjustable pusher speed; reusable, easily replaceable rotor knives; a HiTorc gearless drive unit; and low maintenance.
New wind sifter RVB1700 designed to blow away impurities Austria-based manufacturer Rockster Recycler GmbH has developed a wind sifter for their line of mobile crushers designed for C&D recycling, quarry and aggregate applications. The wind sifter RVB1700 separates non-mineral components, including paper, wood and foils, from crushed material, resulting in a cleaner and higher quality final aggregate product, and the valuable recovered materials for recycling. The centrepiece of the RVB1700 is a variably adjustable blower, which is connected by flexible hoses to an air nozzle. This air nozzle is adjustable in inclination. Through the narrow slot of the air nozzle, air emerges and blows diagonally from below through the crushed material, so that lightweight materials (e.g., polystyrene, textiles, gypsum, foils, wood, etc.) are separated for recovery. The Rockster RVB1700 wind sifter is hydraulically operated and can be completely integrated into any Rockster crushing plant.
22 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Generac dust suppression system Generac Mobile’s dust suppression systems nebulize water, creating a fine mist that evenly covers the application area. According to the company, Nebulized water particles have a 5 to 150 micron diameter, combining themselves with dust particulate down to 80 microns and dragging them to the ground. Generac Mobile’s DF 7500 system can rotate 335 degrees, covering an area of 49,514 square feet (4,600 square metres). Units have a maximum horizontal range of 131 feet (40 metres) and a vertical range of 52 feet (16 metres). The unit also features an electronic control panel with an optional remote control and comes skid-mounted.
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COMPOSTING & ORGANICS RECYCLING
taking in-vessel compos THE CALGARY COMPOSTING FACILITY IS THE LARGEST IN-VESSEL BASED OPERATION IN CANADA, AND A MODEL OF HOW TO GET A MASSIVE JOB DONE RIGHT BY KEITH BARKER, EDITOR
O
pened in July 2017, the City of Calgary Composting Facility is the largest in Canada to use in-vessel composting technology. Yearly, the facility can process over 100,000 tonnes of food and yard waste brought in through the City of Calgary Green Cart collection program, along with 45,000 wet tonnes of de-watered biosolids from municipal wastewater treatment. After one year of operation, the facility processed over 100 million kilograms of organic material. “We’re very happy with the success of the Calgary Composting Facility after one year,” says Craig More, P. Eng. and program manager – or-
24 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
ganics, City of Calgary. “The amount of organic waste that’s come to the facility has exceeded expectations, so that’s great news because it is more diverted from the landfill than we anticipated heading in.” Laura Hamilton, waste diversion specialist with the City of Calgary, explains that since their Green Cart program was implemented in 2017, city waste sent to landfill from single family homes has declined by 46 percent. She adds that they are committed to a diversion target that encompasses all waste generating sectors, including single-family, multi-family, IC&I as well as construction and demolition, and that by supporting initiatives across all of these sectors, the city is steadily moving towards a goal of diverting 70 percent of waste from landfill by 2025.
osting to the next level “For 2018, the City is diverting approximately 60 percent of waste in its residential cart collection program, through a combination of blue cart recycling and green cart composting,” she says. “As the program matures and Calgarians get more comfortable with how to use the cart and the types of materials that can go in, we should see that diversion rate increase.” According to Ken Kielly, general manager, AIM Environmental, the operator of the Calgary Composting Facility, and a member of the consortium that designed and built it, the facility is really performing the way that it was intended. “It’s been optimized in the first year of operations to achieve what was projected by year 10 based on current operating practices and daily production performance,” he says. In the 2018 calendar year, they expect to surpass 110,000 tonnes of SSO
(source-separated organics) – a combination of standard food waste and leaf and yard materials. “In addition, the biosolids program has performed very well during the same timeframe,” he says. AIM Environmental operates multiple composting facilities across Canada, but this one, according to Kielly, stands out. “It’s really a combination of physical size and integrated technology that makes this facility unique,” he says. “The technology brings together the latest advancements in business, operations and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) management to create a combination of process and control best practices, enabled by strategic partnerships across North America and Europe. “It is also our largest Canadian facility,” he continues. “If you look at the North American landscape it’s also one of the largest. So it has a good strong physical presence.”
Green cart receiving outside the Calgary Composting Facility, Canada’s largest in-vessel operation. Kielly adds that the business operations, technical and health and safety models that are in place are sophisticated and fairly integrated as a combination of people, process and technology. “The Calgary in-vessel composting facility certainly brings together an amazing capability to fast-track the normal biological process of composting food, leaf and yard waste, and biosolids, compared to any type of outdoor or traditional composting model.”
COMPOST IN 60 DAYS
Compost in 60 days is impressive when one considers that composters using only a traditional outdoor windrow
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COMPOSTING & ORGANICS RECYCLING system, can generally achieve finished, saleable high-quality compost product in about three to six months or more. According to More, high-quality compost can be created in as little as 60 days at the Calgary facility due to their use of an in-vessel system combined with sophisticated control technology. When material arrives at the facility, an initial screening for obvious contaminants is done prior to the initial active composting stage. Actively aerated static pile composting takes place in the in-vessel system over a period of approximately three weeks, and is followed by a screening process combined with Cyclone air technology, which removes any remaining light contaminants, including paper and film. Indoor aerated windrows are then used for the final curing stage, and storage buildings are used to store material post-curing. Their control system monitors air flow, oxygen, moisture content, temperature and other parameters during the entire process. “I would say the use of the in-vessel technology really gives us the maximum control over the composting process,” says More. “We’re still using just a natural process of composting but the facility design and technology incorporated in the facility allows us to get to ideal conditions much more quickly,” he says. “And we’re more confident that we’ve maintained those ideal conditions. Really, we’re facilitating the natural process but allowing it to happen in the shortest time period possible.”
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Loading material into the in-vessel system where the initial stage of composting takes place. He continues, “Our completely enclosed facility is fully automated, using a system that allows for the entire process to be monitored and controlled by operators, either within the facility’s control room, or remotely from any internet connection. This system also records and logs a nearly continuous stream of data from each system component, allowing for continuous monitoring and control of air flow, oxygen, moisture content and temperature within each of 18 composting vessels independently. And it creates a detailed operating log of the facility that can be stored for years to come. “This high level of control allows for the rapid development of ideal composting conditions, which allows that natural composting process to occur in about 60 days.”
A RANGE OF HIGH-QUALITY END-PRODUCTS
Composting of de-watered biosolids, sourced from Calgary’s Bonnybrook Wastewater Treatment Plant, allows the Calgary Composting Facility to operate at near full capacity year round, minimizing wasted capacity over winter months when green cart tonnages drop significantly. Biosolids and SSO residential and commercial organics are kept separate throughout the process, so there are three distinct compost products available at the end, providing consumers alternatives based on their specific needs. One is an SSO-only product called Peak, and the second is a biosolids-only compost, higher in certain nutrients, called Peak+. Finally, a high-nitrogen-based Ammonia Sulphate Powder product is also currently being produced with a go-to-market strategy planned for 2019. “The biosolids program was introduced last winter,” explains Kielly. “By the late fall 2018, early winter of 2019, we will have the biosolids feedstock stream online as well, which means we should be exceeding the 145,000 total tonnage target at the facility.” According to Kielly, both feedstock streams are 100 percent separated right from the beginning of receiving into the facility all the way through composting, maturation and storage in the storage building, each with targeted end-markets in a number of different industries.
MEETING THE STANDARD
For odour control at the Calgary Composting Facility, before going through the wood media of their biofilter, compost process air goes through acid scrubbers to clean out ammonia using a sulphuric acid mist. “On the SSO side, the end market is primarily residential and commercial, landscaping, and reclamation projects within the energy sector and key municipal departments, as well as top-dressing for landfills,” Kielly says. “The biosolids can also span across all of those industries, but traditionally, it’s been mainly adopted and utilized in the agricultural sector across Canada. Different municipalities also used biosolids in the larger landscaping application such as parks and recreation, golf courses, and in larger community spaces.”
Calgary’s finished product is measured to the highest industry and regulatory standards in Canada , including voluntary participation in the Compost Council of Canada’s CQA (Compost Quality Alliance.) Kielly explains that once compost has gone through both the in-vessel and curing stages, the third stage is what they call laboratory testing and certification. “At that point in time we take specific samples from every windrow or product produced and it is sent to a CQA certification lab in Ontario. We go through a number of specific testing parameters, and about 30 days later, that product receives a certification to be sold as a category A or category B finished compost product.” According to More, the CQA standard has become an internal quality baseline for operational success and once met, provides the peace of mind and quality assurance that the marketplace and customers demand. “Our facility provides a SSO, biosolids, and ammonia sulfate concentrated powder product suite to the market based on a business-to-business approach to the market,” adds Kielly. “Demand has been greater than current supply leading to strong customer attraction and new customer growth. Most challenging has been collaborating with logistics and transportation providers to support customer supply chain delivery programs. This is expected to be mitigated going forward with improved customer communications and supply chain coordination.”
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COMPOSTING & ORGANICS RECYCLING
GROWING PARTICIPATION FROM THE START
Of course, prior to all of the magic that takes place at the Calgary Composting Facility, organic material needs to be properly and efficiently collected. And there is the ongoing task of building community participation. According to Laura Hamilton, prior to their Green Cart curbside collection program established in 2017, the only composting available to residents of
“
From an environmental perspective, from a financial cost-benefit savings to the City of Calgary, and to the constituent or resident, the net positive impacts of the Calgary Composting Facility are going to be quite substantial.” Ken Kielly
Calgary was leaf and pumpkin drop-off, Christmas tree drop-off and composting at home. “This resulted in just three percent diversion of food and yard waste,” she says. “Since the Green Cart program was rolled out city wide October 2017 we have collected over 111 million kilograms of food and yard waste that would have otherwise gone into the landfill.” Hamilton explains that Calgary’s Green Cart program was set up to be user-fee funded through a fee applied to all serviced households on their monthly utility bill. To encourage citizen buy-in of the program, she says the City of Calgary started the first six months of the program as free for residents, then a subsidized rate was applied at $6.50/month, with the intent being that the User Fee would cover the program costs. Citizen buy-in was also supported through the provision of an extensive “starter kit” to all 330,000 households prior to the program launch. In addition, the four years before starting collection, the City of Calgary ran a pilot program, primarily to look at what works and what didn’t work in other municipalities. “Being able to learn those lessons from other places was really valuable,” says Hamilton. “And then when we rolled out the program we had a really
28 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Indoor green cart receiving where about 400 loads of organics are brought into the Calgary Composting Facility weekly.
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extensive communication campaign.” She says their communication efforts have focused on education with a presence at festivals, trade shows as well as media appearances. “Regular communication materials are distributed with tips on utility bill inserts, transit ads, TV/radio and social media,” she says. “We also maintain web pages that detail specifically how to use the cart, what materials are accepted, what type of bags are acceptable and where they can be purchased.” In addition to communicating about their new program, at the start, all households received a 240-litre cart, kitchen pail, 10 compostable kitchen pail liners and five paper yard waste bags. The starter kit contained a stepby-step guide, walking Calgarians through how to use their new food and yard waste program. “Citizen feedback has indicated that the provision of this comprehensive starter kit made it easy and convenient for them to use the program early on,” says Hamilton. According to City of Calgary audits, participation since startup has been between 70 and 80 percent. “Not every household will put their MY
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COMPOSTING & ORGANICS RECYCLING
The Calgary Composting Facility consists of three buildings (totalling 521,000 square feet) including the main building where in-vessel composting occurs, the curing building and a storage building. green cart out every week, depending on the volume of waste they are producing,” she explains, adding “We just did a survey in the summer and it told us that well over 95 percent of people had used their cart at some point.”
LOOKING FORWARD TO CONTINUED SUCCESS IN YEAR TWO
“We’re just entering our second full year of operation,” says More. “Over the next year we’re definitely going to be monitoring the tonnages compared to the first year of operation, and just really try to get a good understanding of how the program is trending. “There’s theories out there that you might see an increase in the second year, but you might actually see a decrease because the first year had some initial enthusiasm for the program that might peter off. “The second year, I think, will be our first real opportunity to get a sense of whether there’s a trend up or down, or if it’s holding steady.” Hamilton says after a year in, people are still really supportive of the program. “Our tonnage certainly supports that,” she
The final indoor curing stage.
says, adding that they continue to monitor how Calgarians are feeling about the program and what challenges they are having. “The goal is to tailor communication and education to help move that forward and continue the support,” she says. “People are talking about waste diversion. When you implement a program like ours in Calgary, people start asking questions. Whether they support it or don’t support it, they’re at least talking about it.” Kielly agrees that Calgarians have been incredibly adaptive in adopting the green cart program. “I think as Canadians, they’re concerned about the environmental and societal impacts of participating. And that has leant itself to a high adoption rate for the first year. I would see that continuing to grow, and the main diversion goal of 70 percent over the life cycle of this program, certainly to be achieved. “From an environmental perspective, from a financial cost-benefit savings to the City of Calgary, and to the constituent or resident, the net positive impacts of the Calgary Composting Facility are going to be quite substantial.” RPN
30 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
CALGARY COMPOSTING FACILITY QUICK FACTS • Opened in 2017, the facility is the largest invessel composting operation in Canada; • Owned by the City of Calgary; • Operated by AIM Environmental Group; • Capacity to process upwards of 145,500 metric tons of residential food and yard waste and dewatered biosolids yearly; • In first year of operation, a total of over 100,000 metric tonnes of organic material processed; • Organics processed consist of food/yard waste collected from Calgary’s Green Cart program established in 2017, and dewatered biosolids sourced from the Bonnybrook Wastewater Treatment Plant; • Compost control system to manage temperature, moisture, oxygen and airflow provided by Netherlands-based Christiaens Group; • Water applied to compost is captured and reused over and over, with no offsite disposal; • Aerated floors are uniquely designed with spigot-based irrigation piping, which allows for positive and negative pressure capability, and simultaneous distribution of air and water throughout the facility; • CQA-certified end product includes Category A SSO-only compost (Peak), Category A or B biosolids-based compost (Peak+) as well as a concentrated ammonia sulfate powder set for availability in 2019.
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COVER STORY
Mike Forsyth from WasteAway Recycling & Environmental, and Russ Cogar from Vermeer Canada, on site in Ontario with WasteAway’s HG6000 HOG with Damage Defense system. 32 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Defense is the best offense MACHINE MONITORING AND DAMAGE PROTECTION CREATES A MORE EFFICIENT AND PROFITABLE OPERATION FOR WASTEAWAY RECYCLING & ENVIRONMENTAL BY MATT EUL
I
n American football, teams must be efficient at offense, defense and special teams, and they need to work well together to win games. Similarly, the three companies owned by AGI Environmental Inc. work very well together to excel in the waste and recycling industry. The star of the team is Ground Force Environmental Inc., which does civil, industrial and technology environmental remediation work throughout the province of Ontario and beyond. AGI’s trucking company, RCT Bins, transports waste from worksites and municipalities, and finally, WasteAway Recycling & Environmental, located in Kitchener, Ontario, processes all of the material brought in from the two companies, as well as from other area sources. The well-crafted team has taken the company’s owner 10 years to develop. AGI was started in 2009 by Dan Forsyth when Ground Force Environmental opened its doors. Along the way, the trucking company was added, and land for WasteAway was secured in 2012. It would take an additional three years for the organization to obtain all the necessary permits and develop the 14,400-square-foot building (1337.8 square metres) to house their waste recy-
cling operation. Today, Forsyth’s vision of creating a complete operation that could process recyclable material for beneficial reuse, while helping the environment and saving landfill space, is a reality.
EXCELLING IN ALL THREE PHASES
Starting with a team of five individuals, AGI now has more than 100 full-time employees. Each of the company’s three divisions works together but operates separately. Ground Force handles the bulk of the work on waste generating sites. Then, construction debris and other materials are hauled by RCT Bins’ fleet of trucks to the WasteAway facility for processing. If a project calls for land clearing, WasteAway will send a crew to the site to grind material using its Vermeer HG6000 horizontal grinder. According to Mike Forsyth, operations manager for WasteAway, this machine does spend a lot of time in the field, but is also essential back at WasteAway’s recycling facility. “We replaced a couple of smaller machines with the HG6000 horizontal grinder in 2016,” explains Forsyth. “All of the wood waste we receive at our facility is processed with that machine, and we also send it frequently out to the field. We depend on the machine for a lot of things.”
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COVER STORY
“
The Damage Defense system will alert the grinder control and operator and automatically initiate the shutdown process if the mill comes in contact with certain metal contaminants.” Russ Cogar
The wood chips processed through WasteAway’s HG6000 grinder get reused as biomass for making animal bedding and for creating material to absorb liquid waste. “Our biggest customers of the processed material are ourselves (Ground Force), followed by greenhouses and the farming community,” explains Forsyth. “It’s pretty cool how we’re able to reuse the bulk of the waste we collect. It’s what makes us a great team.” The WasteAway HG6000 horizontal grinder is set up to grind material to under 3 inches (7.6 cm) in size using a hexshape screen. Forsyth says their setup creates the right size material for their biomass needs and helps separate nails and other debris, while still giving them a production rate of 200 to 250 yards per hour (182.9 to 228.6 metres per hour).
MANAGING AN INCREASING AMOUNT OF WOOD WASTE
Since adding the Vermeer horizontal grinder, the amount of wood waste and processing work being done for other companies has increased dramatically, and oftentimes the raw material isn’t as clean as what Forsyth would like to see. Not catching contaminates, especially metal, was causing increased maintenance on their machine. “In the beginning, it was easy to pre-
34 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
WasteAway’s HG6000 horizontal grinder is set to grind material to under 7.6 cm in size providing a production rate of 182.9 to 228.6 metres per hour. sort through the wood waste material by hand and remove any non-wood debris,” he explains. “However, as we’ve grown, so has the amount of waste we’re taking in, which has made sorting through everything impossible. It’s also not a realistic expectation to ask customers to make sure there isn’t any non-wood material in their piles when we’re working at their locations.” Determined to come up with a viable solution to catch more contaminate debris before it goes through the hammermill, Forsyth reached out to his local Vermeer recycling and forestry specialist, Russ Cogar with Vermeer Canada. “Russ told me about the Vermeer Damage Defense system for horizontal and tub grinders,” says Forsyth. “It sounded like a great solution for the issues we were having, and it was much more practical than some of the other options I was considering, which included having to thoroughly pre-sort everything.” According to Cogar, the Vermeer Damage Defense system was launched in early 2017 to reduce the likelihood of
significant machine damage caused by some types of metal contaminants entering the grinder’s hammermill. “The system will alert the grinder control and operator and automatically initiate the shutdown process if the mill comes in contact with the certain metal contaminants,” Cogar explains. “It can be an effective solution for contractors who have a lot of foreign debris mixed in with their wood waste.” Forsyth thought it was exactly what he was looking for and the team from Vermeer Canada installed the Damage Defense system on WasteAway’s HG6000 horizontal grinder in the summer of 2017. “It didn’t take much time for them to complete the install,” he notes.
GAME PLAN FOR THE FUTURE
Forsyth says the Vermeer Damage Defense system has significantly helped optimize the performance of their HG6000 horizontal grinder. “Now, we wouldn’t think of running the grinder without having the Damage Defense system engaged,” he says, adding that with the Vermeer Damage Defense system helping to optimize productivity, WasteAway’s HG6000 horizontal grind-
er operates more hours every month, allowing their two-person grinder crew to stay productive at their facility and while on customer jobsites. Forsyth concludes that it’s been a wonderful experience to help his father (Dan) and founder of the business make his dream a reality. “The business has come a long way from when I started working at Ground Force in 2014,” he says. “We’ve added other businesses to support his vision, and we’ve set up the WasteAway facility to thrive as recycling becomes common practice in the waste industry. We have the equipment and people to handle
Vermeer’s Damage Defense system is designed to reduce the likelihood of damage from metal contaminants entering the hammermill. separating different types of recyclable material and have already demonstrated that we can create a second life for the waste we collect. “I believe we’ve established three organizations that will continue to lead the industry into the future.” Matt Eul is a senior product marketing specialist, Vermeer.
November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
35
COMPOSTING & ORGANICS RECYCLING
Building
Kerry Weaver, operations manager at the City of Lexington’s compost site with their new BACKHUS A60 tracked 36 Recycling Product News November/December 2018 compost turner.
ng a profit machine BACKHUS TURNER AND DOPPSTADT SCREENS PROVIDE NEEDED PRODUCTION AND VERSATILITY SOLUTIONS FOR CONVERTED COMPOSTING SITE
R
egulation can be a powerful business stimulus. For the Town of Lexington, Massachusetts, state regulation proved to be a huge municipal benefit as well. When the Massachusetts yard waste recycling mandate took effect in 1987, the visionary leaders in Lexington converted an outdated, unused 30-acre landfill into a composting site to eliminate transfer costs for all the green waste they were collecting. Thirty years later, the operation has become a profit machine, effectively flipping hundreds of thousands of dollars of expenses to the other side of their balance sheet.
CONVERTING COSTS TO REVENUES
Kerry Weaver, operations manager of the site, emphasizes the benefits that organics recycling has generated. “This is a completely self-supporting operation that produces a positive cash flow for the city,” Kerry shares. “All our labour and equipment investments come from our revenues, and we’re still able to give back to the budget.” He says residents also gain the benefit of having access to an organics recycling yard. “Residents can of course drop off material at no charge,” continues Kerry. “The
compost we produce is then sold back into the community to landscapers and individuals, so all those organics are eventually returned to our land.”
SPACE, TIME AND COST
Back in 2016, city leaders had a new vision and voted to convert five and a half acres of the compost site into a solar farm which generates nearly 2.2 MW of electricity to help offset the cost of powering the municipal buildings around town. While that outcome is obviously in the best interest of the city overall, the loss of space proved challenging to the compost operation. “All of our windrows had been previously set down with 20 feet of buffer between them. We turned with front-end loaders, so the extra space was necessary,” recalls Kerry. “When we lost the acreage to the solar project, we didn’t want to reduce our overall production so we needed to find a solution.” That solution came in the form of a new BACKHUS A60 compost turner. Adding more equipment to a smaller site may seem counterintuitive on the surface, but the benefits were enormous. “The BACKHUS turner allowed us to build our windrows toe to toe, so we could easily fit as much com-
November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
37
COMPOSTING & ORGANICS RECYCLING
“
With our BACKHUS turner, not only can we fit more windrows in less space, we’re able to cure twice as much compost in the same amount of time.” Kerry Weaver
post into the reduced space,” Kerry explains. “But the real benefit was in time and cost.” Turning with front-end loaders used to require two people, 10 days and 800 gallons of fuel. Today, Kerry’s team turns an equal amount of material with one person in eight hours, using only 100 gallons of fuel. Curing time improved dramatically as well, reduced by nearly half. “Getting high-quality finished compost in seven months, where before we used to wait 14 months, is a real difference maker. So not only can we fit more windrows in less space, we’re able to cure twice as much compost in the same amount of time. It’s really unbelievable how much our investment in the BACKHUS has paid off.”
EXPANDING CAPABILITY WITH A TWO-IN-ONE SCREEN
As the operation became ever more efficient, Kerry found additional materials and products that
38 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
The City of Lexington’s Doppstadt SM 720K tracked trommel with star screen insert helps operators create both fine compost and mulch. could be produced and offered. In 2018, leaf and bark mulches were added to the mix. “We do a leaf mulch, as well as a black bark and natural brown bark mulch,” he said. “Those products have been very popular since we started making them.” But the additional products required another investment in equipment to make the economics work. Lexington had no screening capability on site, and were relying on an outside contractor to come in and take care of their screening needs as they arose. With the addition of mulches, screening demand rose to the level where a screen acquisition made sense. “We knew we wanted a trommel screen to produce a finer compost
product, but since we started making mulches too, a star screen also seemed appealing,” admits Kerry. Ultimately, the City of Lexington opted for a Doppstadt SM 720K trommel screen with a star screen insert. “That’s what made the Doppstadt such a perfect choice for us. The ability to run a trommel drum, but easily switch to a star screen insert suited our flexibility quite well. Now, when we’re making bark mulches, or if our compost is really wet, we can swap in the star unit and keep our production rates running at peak.” Another factor in their equipment acquisitions was the option of a tracked chassis versus rubber tires. Running a 12-month operation in New England presents some challenging conditions in deep snow or the rainy spring, and being able to locate equipment without hassle is important. Both the BACKHUS A60 turner and the Doppstadt SM 720K trommel come on tracks, and Kerry is glad they made that decision.
PAINTING ON A BLANK CANVAS
For more than 40 years, prior to taking on his role at the City of Lexington compost site, Kerry worked in the construction industry, and spent six years of service in the military. When the opportunity arose to lead the effort to build this compost operation, he says he was thrilled. “When this first opened, they told me I had a blank slate
Operating on what was originally a landfill, the City of Lexington composting site now produces high-quality compost in seven months as well as a variety of mulch products. and to just go make it work,” he recalls. “It was fantastic. I got to chart the course and the town supported us greatly. “There were some slow times and some hard times, but looking back on what we’ve built is tremendously rewarding. This is a resource that the residents cherish, and I’m so pleased to have been able to play a part and looking forward to all the new ideas we have planned.”
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39
AUTO RECYCLING
Auto Catalyst reaches the Data Age IT’S TIME TO RETHINK WHAT IS POSSIBLE TO ACCOMPLISH WITH DATA WHEN IT COMES TO CATALYTIC CONVERTER RECYCLING BY CLIFF HOPE
I
n the automotive recycling world there is endless data produced and studied by companies large and small. Being able to make sense of that data has been the preoccupation of business owners, managers and the people behind the creation of data for many years. With respect to recycled auto catalyst data, the focus has primarily been on the average value per unit. For those who are serious about data tracking and catalytic converter profits however, it’s time to rethink what is possible to accomplish with data. To look at how to begin with a new approach it is best to consider those that are the most successful in getting more from converter recycling. The best cases are the recyclers that have been able to perform separate assays of the various types of auto catalyst and have a long history of toll refining.
FIVE TYPES OF AUTO CATALYST
There are five types of auto catalyst that should each be looked at differently.
Identifying the five types of auto catalyst through PMR’s photo grading app. metals. They represent the other five percent (approximately) of converters in the marketplace and must be processed differently for recycling than ceramic cordierite units, but have similar precious metal loadings.
OEM Ceramic Converters Original Equipment Manufacturer or the converter that was put on the vehicle from the factory. The base material of these converters is cordierite ceramic that has been wash-coated with precious group metals (PGM: platinum, palladium and rhodium.) These converters make up roughly 95 percent of all auto catalysts and have the highest precious metal loadings.
DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) Currently, this material can be split into two categories. High-Grade that is worth the effort to recover the PGMs, and Low-Grade that costs more to recover the PGMs than the returns are worth. Also noteworthy is that many smelting facilities are having difficulty processing this material as the high silicone carbide content is causing issues with arc furnaces, resulting in extra fees for recycling.
OEM Metallic Converters These converters are also original equipment from the manufacturer but have a different internal composition. The guts are made up of 409 stainless steel, also wash-coated with precious
Aftermarkets These converters are replacements for when the OEM Converter fails. The PGM loadings of aftermarkets are 90 percent less than OEM materials, but while the loadings of pre-
40 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
cious metals are one tenth of the OEM, they are made from the same cordierite ceramic base. Beads These converters were the first on the market and were most commonly found on light-duty trucks. While there not that many left to recycle, they are typically processed separately as the loadings of precious metals are closer to aftermarket levels, offering an accurate assay value. Until very recently it has been difficult for most auto catalyst recyclers to have enough volume of material to run each of these materials in separate assays. This is due to the fact that most refiners are set up to process 2,000–8,000 pound lot sizes. This has forced most auto catalyst recyclers to mix the various types of catalyst. While this has been an acceptable means of operation for payment, it is not the best way to track data or provide precise compensation for each of the converter types.
GETTING INTO THE MIX
First let’s look at why processing a combination of materials fails on the compensation end. Toll refining as a whole is largely a mystery to many of the clients that use the service. One of those mysteries is how refiners arrive at the contained and recoverable precious metals value in a given lot. Most savvy customers know that the analysis is done by systematically sampling a lot, and using both XRF and ICP machines to determine the PGM contents. What most do not fully understand is that both XRF and ICP machines need to have complex formulas to accurately read samples. The formulas have been developed over time to look for very specific elements contained in the five different types of catalyst, and the materials are very different from each other. As outlined in the descriptions of each type of catalyst above, some have a completely different base construction, while others have very different PGM loadings. If the
substrates are mixed for assay, the laboratory machinery is delivering results based on improper scientific assumptions. For example, for material with a mixture composed of primarily OEM Ceramic, but which has more than 20 percent aftermarket and some DPF, the reading will be tainted as the lab formula will only be reading for the regular auto catalyst cordierite ceramic base. There is no way for the machinery to register the DPF and its silicone-carbon base properly. Then, if the lower content readings on the aftermarket material are added, the results will skew lower. This practice is not uncommon in the industry and does not do any favours for the businesses selling auto catalyst material. It should also be noted that no supplier of recycled auto catalyst is paid on what comes out of a furnace, so an accurate pre-furnace assessment of the catalyst is vital. While there is no way to say exactly how much loss is generated from mix-
“
While mixing the various types of catalyst has been an acceptable means of operation for payment, it is not the best way to track data or provide precise compensation for each of the converter types.” Cliff Hope ing materials, we can say two very clear things about keeping materials separate. First, when performing an assay on like materials, auto catalyst labs are excep-
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41
AUTO RECYCLING tionally accurate when identifying the recoverable PGM content of a given lot. And secondly, the data that is created by these separate material assays gives the automotive recycler a very clear picture as to the value of each material, so they can generate more profit and have better control of their inventory, both when acquiring converters and when selling. On another very important side note, there needs to be special attention paid to DPF material. Since 2006 this material has been produced with a siliconecarbide additive or SiC. While this addition to the filters makes them run cleaner by trapping the carbon emissions from diesel fuel, it has created significant challenges in recycling the material. The biggest challenge high carbon DPF poses to recovering precious metals is that the trapped carbon (if not treated properly) can ignite and cause an explosion in an arc furnace. Presently, smelting facilities are dealing with the problem, but must treat high carbon content DPF differently to avoid potential disaster. This new and growing issue has increased fees relating to the processing of DPF, and in some cases loads are being rejected outright by some catalyst smelting facilities. Further, this problem will continue to become more and more evident as the increase of DPF, made after 2006, is just now fully entering the recycling stream. This, combined with the increased sales of diesel-fuelled light-duty trucks and passenger vehicles in the last 10 years, will put mounting pressure on the need
Separation of materials and small lot assays makes it easier to spot data spikes that can act as profit/loss indicators. to separate materials properly. Recyclers who have been mixing small amounts of DPF into regular auto catalyst will experience increased financial loss when their lots are charged additional fees for high carbon content or rejected outright by their processing partners due to increased carbon levels. Armed with this information, it is best to separate DPF right away to avoid losses and to increase profits.
TRAINED, KNOWLEDGEABLE STAFF
Another real challenge for recyclers dealing with catalyst materials is having the trained, knowledgeable staff on hand to do the sorting, especially if they are cutting converters and dealing directly with a smelter. If auto catalyst recyclers are not doing their own decanning they are relying on their processor to separate the materials. Currently there are very few processors in North America that process lot sizes
small enough to guarantee the proper separations of materials. If the lots do not contain enough ceramic weight to meet the minimum requirement of 2,000 to 8,000 pounds, many catalyst processors are mixing the lots. A common practice is to process aftermarket material with regular auto catalyst. While the base of the material (ceramic substrate) is the same, the precious metal loading is so different that it becomes difficult for an auto recycler to quantify the results. So what can be done by a business owner who relies on auto catalyst sales when there are so many challenges in getting the most accurate and reliable results for their material? The answer is simple. Find a processor that is able to assist you with the correct information to identify and separately assay the five different types of converter materials. Your bottom line will begin to look brighter as your company is able to interpret the data more precisely.
SMALLER LOTS, BETTER DATA
OEM Ceramic Converters – the most common type processed – have a base material of cordierite ceramic wash-coated with precious metals. 42 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Getting compensated more precisely for your converter material is always a good thing. Having the ability to track the consistency of results based on the type of catalyst material coming from multiple locations or departments is even better. However, the only way to accomplish this, for most companies, is to look for a converter processor that is able to offer assay results on small lots of converters. This raises the question: “What defines a small lot of converters?” Traditional converter processor/refiners have kept lot sizes to between 2,000 and
“
When you can separate all the various categories of converters in smaller lots, the data feedback will keep you one step ahead of your competitors and provide real control over this highly valuable inventory.”
converters, a supplier is able to turn material faster. Instead of waiting, sometimes months, to collect 1,000 or more converters, material can be shipped out much sooner and a company can insulate itself from PGM market changes. When you can separate all the various categories of converters in smaller lots, the data feedback will keep you one step ahead of your competitors and provide real control over this highly valuable inventory. Separation of materials and small lot assays makes it much easier to spot data spikes that can act as profit/loss indicators. Furthermore if a company is also purchasing converter units across the scale
and is not separating the lots between production converters and purchased material, there is an even bigger potential for lost profit. In the marketplace today there is a lot of information available regarding the value of converters. If a company doesn’t have a ready source for that information it could be at risk for dumping of low-grade material. Partnering with a converter processor that is able to provide instant converter information feedback will end this practice and provide the opportunity to make converters a higher profit core. Cliff Hope is senior account manager, PMR Inc.
Cliff Hope 8,000 pounds of ceramic substrate, or roughly 1,000 to 4,000 automotive converters. As newer converter processing companies press the traditionalists there are now accurate assays being done on as few as 100 automotive converters or 200 pounds of ceramic. This is really changing the way data can be analyzed and managed. With a lot size of 100 converters, just about any size auto recycler can manage to separate each of the five different converters types, gaining access to better returns and better tracking of assay data. Companies that have multiple facilities can look at smaller lot data to make decisions with respect to the purchase of vehicles to recycle. What is the competitive advantage? If the majority of companies are using converter processors that don’t separate materials and blend the aftermarkets with small amounts of DPF, the inaccurate information could end up resulting in an average converter worth $60 U.S. In reality, the average OEM converter is worth closer to $80 or more, and the average high-grade DPF can be $150 or more – based on accurate sorting and count information from the converter purchaser/processor. If working with a company that offers small lot assays of, for example, 100
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November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
43
AUTO RECYCLING
auto SHREDDER UPGRADE
CALLS FOR faster handlers AS LAKESIDE AUTO RECYCLERS PICKS UP THE PACE, THERE IS NO TIME FOR TIME OFF
M
ike Levell says he and his family have been easing their way into the auto shredding business. With their latest move up to a 4,000-hp 6085 auto shredder, Lakeside Auto Recyclers has picked up the pace, and according to Levell, there’s no time for time off – especially considering the company’s mission to “Shred the World!” “It’s a full-throttle lifestyle,” he says. Once they had the new shredder, he found that his previous material handler couldn’t keep up with the challenge. “It didn’t have the best balance and it needed a lot of maintenance and downtime. I wanted something more suitable for this kind of production – a more reliable machine.”
MORE BANG FOR THEIR BUCK
Levell had spent some time travelling to other recycling yards to see their shredder operations. What he saw convinced him that Lakeside needed a new Sennebogen machine to feed his 6085 shredder. “I got down to two possible material handler lines. I really gravitated to the way the Sennebogens are designed, and I learned that their service and support is really great,” he says. In April, after the 6085 was commissioned, Lakeside took delivery of a new Sennebogen 840 M. This model is a rubber-tired 117,000-pound (53,000kg) purpose-built machine powered by a 305-hp (227-kW) Cummins engine. Levell had it fitted with Sennebogen’s orange peel grapple.
44 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
FEEDING THE HUNGER
After almost a year in production, Levell says the 6085 is churning out shred as advertised and is running smoothly. The shredder sets the pace for every other aspect of the operation. “It’s a hungry machine,” he says. “Yesterday I watched it eat a one-ton Chevrolet pickup in about 25 seconds. It can normally process two or three cars in a minute.” He says in fact, as long as it’s getting fed, the 6085 will produce of 55 tons/hour, and any problem with other equipment just gets in the way of Lakeside’s mission to “Shred the World!” Lakeside is now receiving trailerloads of cars to process from up to 100 miles away and uses their old machine
Left: A Sennebogen 840 M scrap handler keeps up with Lakeside Auto Recycler’s 4,000-hp auto shredder. to move cars into the staging area by the shredder. A wheel loader hauls away the outbound shred and fluff. “The 840’s main job is to feed the shredder and keep everything going without any downtime,” Levell explains. “If you can’t feed the shredder, you’re pretty well out of business and Sennebogen now helps keep my operation going.”
“I love the two cameras (rear and right side), so you can see out the back and see through the blind spot next to you,” he continues. “And it’s comfortable. When you’re spending 10 hours a day in here, it’s the place you want to be.” Levell credits Sennebogen’s hydraulic design for much of its reliability. “There’s no electronics. So there’s less to go wrong.”
SAFE, QUIET, COMFORTABLE
Along with managing the business at Lakeside, Levell is often at work in the cab of the new Sennebogen. “It’s an amazing machine – it’s really safe, really quiet, really comfortable. It has a good feel for the operator; smooth, strong and efficient. The cab is nice and quiet; you can’t even hear the shredder.
He adds that to date, the 840 M has also met Lakeside’s expectation for dealer support. “Murphy Tractor has been really good – right on the spot. Once we have a few more Sennebogens in the yard, I’ll send a couple of my guys down to the training centre in Charlotte. For now, Murphy has been on top of all the service.”
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FEATURE PRODUCT
Volvo’s latest material handler continues long-term dedication to waste & recycling
T
he EW240E Material Handler is Volvo Construction Equipment’s first material handler designed specifically for the North American waste and recycling sector. According to Matthew McLean, product manager, Volvo Construction Equipment, the EW240E is not an example of a manufacturer simply taking an existing machine and modifying it to fit a market. “The EW240E was developed specifically for the waste
46 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
and recycling segment,” says McLean. “People are excited to see the machine and try it out. With a newly designed centre frame mounted on a reinforced undercarriage with 9-foot axles and extra-wide outriggers, the new material handler is ideal for medium-duty applications such as handling waste material blocks and loading and unloading scrap.” Not only is the EW240E Material Handler designed with a larger, wider and heavier undercarriage, but it also has a reinforced upper frame featuring modified positions for the boom and boom cylinders, all tailor-made for material handling applications. McLean emphasizes that the EW240E Material Handler differs from previous Volvo models with application in the waste and recycling industry, including the proven EW210D material handler, by being purpose-built for operation in waste and recycling. He says Volvo listened to years of customer feedback and designed this model specifically based on what customers indicated the industry needed. “When designing this model, we focused on finding new ways to benefit the operator and increase operator safety,” McLean says. “One of those additions is our Comfort Drive Control, which lets the operator steer the machine and control the outriggers by using joysticks rather than separate levers. Also, because material handlers never leave the working yard, there is an option to order the machine without a steering wheel. Without a steering wheel, the operator can get a much better view of his working area.” McLean notes that while the EW240E Material Handler is Volvo’s first dedicated material handler for the North American waste and recycling sector, Volvo Construction Equipment has been in the industry worldwide and in North America for many years.
“Our wheel loaders, excavators, haul trucks and attachments are frequently used for this type of work and represent our commitment to the industry,” he says. “Another example of our dedication to serving customers in waste and recycling was the introduction of the LC450H landfill compactor in April 2018. This was Volvo’s first purpose-built landfill compactor in North America.” Volvo’s EW240E Material Handler will be on display at ISRI 2019 in Los Angeles, California, April 2019.
STANDOUT FEATURES OF THE VOLVO CE EW240E 26-TON MATERIAL HANDLER • 173-hp Tier 4 Final Volvo D6 engine; • Speeds to 12.4 mph; • Hydraulically elevated cab raises 16 feet, and has doubledamped cushioning to reduce noise and vibrations;
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• L8 multifunction joystick with Comfort Drive Control (CDC); • Standard arm-in-limiter prevents grapples and material from contacting the cab; • Standard features include solid tires, hose rupture valves, boom dampening system, and factory-installed auxiliary circuits; • One-piece Margard windshield helps with visibility and can be outfitted with a steel safety net or FOPS/FOG guarding;
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Almond Hull Recycling, Manteca, California
• Cab walkway uses anti-slip grating and extra steps are built into the front and rear outriggers; • LED light packages available to cover all four sides of the machine;
EXTERIOR: Solid Waste Transfer System, Smyrna, Georgia
• Optional height limiter is available for indoor operation;
INTERIOR: Solid Waste Transfer System, Smyrna, Georgia
• Optional Volvo Smart View bird’s eye view camera system provides the operator with a 360° view; • ActiveCare Direct telematics is available.
Material Recycling West Palm Beach, Florida November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
47
COMMODITY FOCUS: NONFERROUS
the Wrath of the Goddess of the Earth 2018 – THE YEAR OF THE NONFERROUS SCRAP MARKET’S DOWNFALL – OR IS IT?
BY KAMYAR LOLAVAR TEHRANI
T
his year has gone down as one of the toughest years in many for the global nonferrous scrap industry and the recycling industry overall. With new initiatives getting launched in every corner of the world to reduce waste and increase material recycling for the manufacture of new products, one would think there would be less ending up in our landfills. Unfortunately, that simply has not been the case. Operation Goddess of the Earth is a three-phased initiative started by the Chinese government in April 2009. One of the policies enacted since then has been to reduce the country’s foreign scrap intake – to help protect its environment and to focus more on recycling local scrap. The latest phase of this initiative, dubbed Blue Sky 2018, continues to enforce significant limitations on the type of scrap accepted at Chinese borders, and on recovery percentages, to ensure that China is only importing premium grades of the world’s scrap. These policies mean there is virtually no tolerance for contaminated mate-
rial shipped from foreign markets, and there are vigorous scrap inspections at the point of origin. This kind of policy costs buyers and sellers of scrap precious time, money, and poses numerous administrative challenges. Until a few years ago, many countries were counting on China to take as much as 70 percent of their scrap, some of which consisted of lower grade nonferrous metals. Yard infrastructures and other facilities that would generate nonferrous and other scrap were geared towards pushing this kind of material out of their system towards foreign markets such as China where not only the processing cost was lower, but where environmental restrictions were also not as rigorous. This was true especially for more developed countries where labour and ground logistics are so expensive that it was much cheaper to load all materials into a container and ship it to the other side of the globe, rather than moving it to another province or state where often an hour’s wage would be equal to a whole day’s wage in another country. However, significant changes, both expected and unexpected, have started affecting the scrap industry since 2016, and it has become more and more apparent that our current global market situation for scrap materials is not just another passing phase. Since the Chinese government started implementing their restricted scrap import policies, businesses now know they will not be experiencing the same global market environment again in the foreseeable future. For nonferrous, 2018 was a downward trend continuation of what was already happening in 2017. One reaction to this has been that many scrapyards throughout the developed world have
48 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
“
Recent change has forced
significant capital costs upon nonferrous recycling businesses and at the same time, has been putting downward pressure on profit margins.” Kamyar L. Tehrani
started adding to their downstream processing – to either achieve higher grades of nonferrous scrap that passes their threshold for export, or create a product that would be acceptable to the local market. However, this change has come to recyclers at a cost. It has forced significant capital costs upon recycling businesses and at the same time, due to higher supply and lower demand in the local market, it has put more and more downward pressure on profit margins. With the trade war between China and the U.S. already in place, we have also been witnessing a decrease in the overall prices of raw material, including nonferrous, which has in turn taken its toll on the recycling market. To complicate matters further, there is almost a unilateral agreement among economists that the longest bull market in U.S. history will be running out of fuel in the next few years, perhaps triggering years of recession when it ends. After all, scrap
demand is in correlation with manufacturing output. As for businesses in China, and in other large economies such as India, there are two main scenarios: one is that the main importers of nonferrous scrap are now considering investment in the country from which they were purchasing most of their material, so processing can be done prior to shipment. This makes it easier to continue importing, but as discussed above, at a lower profit. On the other hand, in these same countries we are seeing an unprecedented amount of scrap businesses shutting down, either voluntarily or because governments and regulators are cutting them down for noncompliance issues and violations. At the same time, we are witnessing new businesses flourishing (with similar identities and owners) in other third-party countries like Vietnam and Malaysia. Over time this has triggered their government’s reaction to the sudden, rapid increase of importation of nonferrous and other scrap. The local infrastructure of these markets has not been set up to replace the volumes that China used to take, and they will almost certainly never be able to replace China as the main importer of lower grade scrap. And while we see new preventative, environmentally conscious measures being taken by the authorities in these countries, very similar to what the Chinese government has been doing, one would wonder if it’s only a matter of time until there will be a similar clamp down on new businesses. More importantly, what’s next if something like this happens? So far, we have not had enough time to adjust and look for more suitable and sustainable solutions to the challenges posed by this shift, especially with respect to finding alternative nonferrous and other commodity end markets for the large amounts of recyclable materials that continue to be created. We expected the downtrend trajectory for the price of nonferrous in 2018. We can only wait and see if 2019 will be any different.
Historical copper prices YTD 2018 (Source: LME).
Kamyar Lolavar Tehrani is the business development manager of Everison International Group Inc. November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
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EQUIPMENT FOCUS
Horizontal grinders Morbark’s 6400XT Wood HOG.
CUSTOMER FEEDBACK BASED ON PROVEN DESIGNS IS SHAPING THE LATEST ORGANICS WASTE PROCESSORS BY KEITH BARKER, EDITOR
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ultiple major manufacturers of horizontal grinders have released new models this year. HOGS, as they are sometimes called (HOrizontal GrinderS), are unquestionably the workhorse of the wood recycling industry and are a key piece of equipment for composters, land clearing contractors and biomass-forenergy producers, as well as C&D and MSW processors, where in both cases, wood and other organics are part of a mixed stream of materials. The latest model horizontal grinders feature lighter weights with higher production, increased transportability and site mobility, diesel, hybrid and fully electric power options, along with sophisticated controls systems, and ease of use and maintenance for operators and owners. Following are details and commentary about some of the latest models.
CW Mills’ HogZilla HZL-6250T.
CUSTOMER INPUT SHAPING NEXT GENERATION 6400XT WOOD HOG
Morbark’s 6400XT Wood Hog, introduced in May 2018, is the newest model in the company’s next-generation platform of horizontal grinders. According to Michael Stanton, Morbark director of industrial sales, “Morbark listened closely to our customers when we developed the 6400XT Wood Hog. We took our previous proven design technology and added the features our customers want and the versatility they need when we created this highproduction unit. “Industry demands for high-production mobile units that meet stringent logistic restrictions but remain economically viable were the leading drivers during the design phase.” The new 6400XT includes many feature improvements which are similar to the smaller 3400XT, introduced in 2017. The infeed bed is 24 inches (60.96 cm) longer than previous Morbark grinders in the 1,000-plus horsepower range and has sloped sides. This configuration improves operator sightlines for more efficient loading of material. Standard on the 6400XT is a removable infeed chain return floor, which allows excess material to fall away to minimize the wear on the floor, bed chain and inserts, particularly useful in land-clearing or other applications
50 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
processing “dirty” material. As part of a focus on transportability, the 6400XT is designed to weigh in at less than 96,500 pounds (43,772 kg) and measures 3.49 m wide with the standard Caterpillar 325L undercarriage. Combined with 600-mm double grousers, this allows the unit to be transported to nearly all domestic and international markets. “When we introduced the 3400XT last year, our customers responded very favourably,” explained Stanton. “It had a major impact on the market, and so far the 6400XT has been as wellreceived.” Another key improvement is the 42x 61-inch (107- x 155-cm) solid-plate rotor with 3-inch (7.6-cm) retaining rods and a 42-inch (106.7-cm) tip swing. The 6400XT’s standard hammer pattern includes 18 hammers with 18 rakers, but like all Morbark rotors, it can be configured to multiple patterns for various application requirements. The standard engine options for these new grinders are the Caterpillar C27, 1,050-hp (783kW) engine or Caterpillar C32, 1200-hp (895-kW) engine, both Tier 4 Final. Morbark’s proven and exclusive driveline protection system is also standard on all Wood Hog models, including an externally adjustable breakaway torque limiter that helps protect the driveline and hammermill from catastrophic damage caused by contaminants.
HZL SERIES BASED ON DECADES OF TUB GRINDER EXPERIENCE
HZL Series horizontal grinders are designed to put CW Mill Equipment’s long experience in industrial grinders to work, and are built with the same commitment to reliable performance that HogZilla has provided with its Monster tub grinders for decades, according to the Kansas-based manufacturer. By providing similar features including solid construction and high-production-oriented design, the HZL Series can be configured in stationary, portable or track mounted arrangements with engine choices ranging from 400 to 1,000 hp. The HogZilla HZL-6250T horizontal on tracks (bottom, opposite) features a CAT C27 engine, 1,200-hp rated torque converter mill drive designed to provide greater production and fuel economy, a 16-belt, 1,600-hp Jackshaft Drive designed for longer service life and reduced maintenance, dual feed rollers, and a 44-inch single feed wheel with integrated hydraulic motor. HZL model horizontal grinders can be equipped with a variety of different mill drive systems including wet clutch, hydraulic coupling, or torque converter, and provide several choices in hammermills, feeder sizes and styles, allowing the grinder to be custom built for the end user.
B-66 L GRINDER DESIGN BASED ON CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
According to Rotochopper, their latest horizontal grinder, the B-66 L-Series (above right at its introduction in September at the company’s Minnesota headquarters, Demo Days 2018) is designed to be an aggressive, flexible and heavy-duty machine that is the result of a focus on innovation and growth, based largely on customer feedback. “Today’s world requires the ability to execute change with laser focus to meet your customer’s changing needs and wants,” said Rotochopper President/CEO Art de St. Aubin. “When you sell direct to end users, you have the unique advantage to listen, adapt, change and innovate through customer feedback. “The new B-66 L-Series launch required extensive R&D, data evaluations, engineering assessments and, most important, customer partnerships,” he continued. “This new heavy-duty superior machine will compete on a world-class market platform.” The new B-66 L’s infeed hopper is designed lower, longer, and produces less drag, a newly designed aggressive powerfeed pulls materials into the grinding chamber effortlessly, and the unit’s 38-inch throat opening accommodates some of the toughest material including large logs, whole trees and brushy feedstocks. Plus, remote monitoring, through Rotochopper’s RotoLink system, provides reporting and tracking data to ensure consistent efficiency, predict maintenance needs and reduce downtime. Rotochopper says customer feedback resulted in the following options as standard features on the B-66L grinder: wear liners, bolt-in anvil, 24-tooth rotor with 2-inch-thick drum, and a reinforced case. In addition, the B-66 L-Series grinder can be powered by either a 950- or 1,050-hp diesel engine and can be paired with an enhanced Generation II Dolly to seamlessly transition the ma-
Rotochopper’s B-66 L-Series. chine from highway transport to work site navigation modes in minutes. The reengineered Gen II Dolly incorporates a longer, more robust axle spread to more evenly distribute the weight of the grinder, mitigating transport restrictions and obstacles. “Our belief is we are not doing our customers a favour by serving them,” said de St. Aubin. “They are doing us a favour by giving us an opportunity to do so.” Earlier in 2018, Rotochopper also introduced the B-66 E 1,000-hp dual-motor-drive electric-powered horizontal grinder. The dual-motor drive on this machine is designed to reduce operating and maintenance costs compared to a singlemotor drive, and minimize amperage surges at start-up. “The growth in yard waste composting, municipal waste and other high-volume markets is driving increased demand for bigger electric grinders with higher horsepower,” said de St. Aubin.
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• Large feed opening and 64 inch hammermill • Oscillating stacking conveyor • Also manufactures a wide variety of quality tub grinders
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EQUIPMENT FOCUS: HORIZONTAL GRINDERS energy loss from each strike, requiring less power to rotate while evenly distributing wear and outproducing the competition. “The 6800CT has been designed completely with the end user in mind, including serious production and maintenance upgrades,” said Art Murphy, director of sales and marketing at Terex Environmental Equipment. Supported by a larger shaft and bearings and an optional 1,200-hp CAT C32, the 6800 CT engine powers a forged drum rotor through the toughest materials. These grinders are built to process land clearing debris, pallets, clean industrial waste, stumps, logs, mulch, bark, shingles, railroad ties and whole trees as fast as material can be loaded.
CBI’s 6800CT. NEW 6800CT GRINDER ON DISPLAY AT 2018 FACTORY FORUM
Industry professionals from around the world gathered in Newton, New Hampshire, at the start of October for the 2018 CBI and Ecotec Factory Forum. CBI’s expanded on-site demo arena included live demos of 12 machines from the CBI and Ecotec product lines, including the all-new CBI 6800CT Horizontal Grinder. The three-day event featured a pair
of CBI 6800CT horizontal grinders which, according to the company, have been engineered to improve on CBI’s 6800BT model design. The new 6800CT features a 15 percent larger screening area that wraps more than 190 degrees around the rotor, allowing production rates to surge beyond 200 tons per hour. In addition, according to CBI, the naturally efficient design of the new grinder’s offset helix rotor minimizes kinetic
DZH3000 DESIGNED TO PREVENT HAMMERMILL LOSS
Diamond Z’s latest-model horizontal grinders include the DZH3000, a smaller, lighter, cost efficient machine infused with all of Diamond Z’s proven heavy-duty performance features. These units provide 580 hp in a 63,000-pound package, and units are designed durable with a patented breakaway mill bearing feature to prevent horizontal hammermill loss due to contaminant impact. These units also feature an class-leading mill shaft/bearing design, according to DiamondZ. Standard features of the DZH3000 include: fluid coupling mill drive transmission, reversing fan, radio remote control, tool box, engine cover, and super-screw belt lacing. Production rates are up to 50 tph (140 yph), with a screen area of 3,146 square inches.
Diamond Z’s DZH3000. 52 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
LATEST BEAST MODEL GRINDER DESIGNED FOR PRODUCTIVITY, MOBILITY AND EASE OF USE
In 2018, Bandit Industries added an additional option to the Beast horizontal grinder lineup by introducing the Model 2460XP. Available as a towable or track machine, the 250-hp 2460XP is built from the ground up to outperform every other horizontal grinder in its class, according to Bandit. The company says special attention was paid to making the 2460XP among the easiest horizontal grinders to service and maintain. Common maintenance items were designed to be accessible from either the ground or on built-in platforms. This reduces maintenance downtime and increases useful uptime. “Key to any of The Beast horizontal grinders is the patented downturning cuttermill,” said Bandit sales manager Jason Morey. “The 2460XP is equipped with a 60-inch-wide by 30-inch-diameter, 30-tooth cuttermill running Bandit’s patented saw-tooth-style cutterbodies. This regulates the size of the tooth’s bite, so most of the material is sized on the initial cut, allowing material to be sized correctly on the first pass so it exits the larger screening area more quickly.” For the tracked 2460XP, Bandit offers Strickland and Caterpillar undercarriages, giving customers an additional option for their track machines. “We looked at everything when designing the Model 2460XP,” added Morey. “Every design decision, every standard feature, and every option was chosen to make this the most productive horizontal grinder with 520 horsepower. “Anyone who sees the 2460XP in action will be able to immediately see what makes this unit so special.”
Bandit’s 2460XP.
November/December 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com
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EQUIPMENT FOCUS: HORIZONTAL GRINDERS
Precision Husky’s ProGrind.
Vermeer’s HG6800TX. HG6800TX DAMAGE DEFENSE SYSTEM PROTECTS FROM CONTAMINANTS
Ideal for all wood and organics material grinding applications including land clearing and pipeline rightof-way operations, Vermeer’s most recently introduced tracked model, the HG6800TX horizontal grinder, uses a high-horsepower 708-kW (950-hp) engine on a 41,730.5-kg (92,000-pound) machine with a compact design. Units are available with Vermeer’s Damage Defense system that reduces the likelihood of certain metal contaminants from entering the hammermill by reacting to the initial contact with the contaminant and reversing the feed system to allow removal of the contaminant. “The optional Damage Defense system is ideal for any tub or horizontal grinder operation that may encounter metal mixed in their incoming material,” said Jeff Bradley, Vermeer’s product manager for recycling and forestry. “The system can be factory-installed on new Vermeer grinders, and is available as a refitted option for many older Vermeer grinder models.” In addition, these units feature Vermeer’s SmartFeed system that monitors engine rpm and adjusts grinding speed for optimal machine performance, as well as easy-change screens and an infeed design built specifically for feeding larger materials such as whole trees and large stumps. “The feed roller on this machine can climb up to 127 cm (50 inches) to help tackle the tough material elements,” added Bradley. Other key features on the HG6800TX grinder include a Series III hard-faced
duplex drum that offers durability and convenient maintenance, with the ability to remove and replace single hammers and balance the drum externally, and low side walls that aid in feeding whole trees and other larger material with less restriction, reducing the need for operator interaction with material.
PRO-GRIND HORIZONTAL GRINDERS EASILY SWITCH TO CHIPPER
Precision Husky’s fuel-efficient, lowmaintenance and low-noise grinders are busy all over the world manufacturing mulch, compost and boiler fuel. Highspeed ProGrind horizontal grinders are ideal for working with long limbs, and each unit is built with a down-cut design, which allows users to switch out the hammermill for a two- or fourknife chipper drum. Additionally, the unit’s dual cutting surfaces at various depths eliminate frustrating jams, and each model is remotely controlled and comes with a rugged diesel engine that offers from 520 hp up to 1,050 hp. Each unit is also equipped with a steel infeed belt and all models can be trackor trailer-mounted. Precision Husky ProGrind horizontal grinders include H-3045, H-3060 and H-4060 models with either 30- or 40-inch cutting diameters, 45- or 60inch infeed widths, and a self-adjusting clutch. Other features include a largediameter feed wheel and dual opening doors for easy access to the screen and hammermill area, as well as a raised feed wheel that locks in place with hydraulically operated safety pins for ease of maintenance.
54 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Peterson’s 6710HD. PETERSON TO DISPLAY LARGEST MODEL AT USCC 2019
Peterson’s largest available model, the 6710D Horizontal Grinder is scheduled to be on display at this year’s US Composting Council event in Phoenix at the end of January. Designed for operations that need the most durable, highest output machine, these machines are powered by a 1125-hp (839-Kw) Tier 2, Caterpillar C32 engine (or an optional Tier 4 Interim Caterpillar C32 engine), and include a feed opening of 50 x 66 inches (127 x 168 cm). The 6710D can process large stumps traditionally reserved for tub grinders, and is particularly suited for land clearing operations or other applications where mobility is desired. Track mounting also reduces material handling costs in conventional recycling yards, and with the unit’s R+ package, the 6710D Horizontal Grinder can be configured as a mid-speed grinder to handle heavily contaminated piles, and easily converts back to a high-speed grinder. In addition, Peterson’s three-stage grinding process with an up turning rotor and large grate area enables the 6710D Horizontal Grinder to produce materials to exact specifications, and a quick change multiple grate system makes it easy to customize grate configurations to produce a wide variety of finished materials. RPN
INDUSTRY LEADER PROFILE
Advancing the Home-Grown solution MATT ZUBICK – CARI’S NEWLY APPOINTED CHAIR – IS FOCUSED ON ADVANCING INDUSTRY COMMUNICATION AND ADVOCACY AND HELPING MEMBERS NAVIGATE THE TRANSITION BACK TO DOMESTIC SELF-SUFFICIENCY BY KEITH BARKER, EDITOR
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att Zubick was appointed as the new Canadian Association of Recycling Industries (CARI) Chair at this year’s Annual Convention, held in Niagara Falls, Ontario, in June. Zubick has been in the scrap business his entire working life and is currently manager at London, Ontariobased John Zubick Scrap Metals Ltd., started by his grandfather after he served in the U.S. Navy during the Second World War. “I decided to go into the family business after graduation, in 1997, because it was a company that I was proud of, respected, and it was an established platform to launch any new ventures that I had,” explains Zubick. “It’s a changed industry from that point in time, from all perspectives – from a health and safety standpoint, from an environmental standpoint, from product lines. We weren’t dealing with tires or electronics or even catalytic converters.” With respect to recycled commodity market changes, he says it is notable that up to the 1990s, most in the industry were recycling domestically. “In the 2000s, things changed and China became a bit of a catch-all for any recyclables,” he says. “Labour there for sorting materials was very cheap. So, if you weren't sure what to do with material, it would often just go to China. And now we see it coming back where we’re
going to have to figure out responsible domestic solutions for the recyclables that we have – and that’s no different than it was before. “Except now, thankfully, it’s not okay to send material to landfill, so we’re going to have to truly figure it out. The market is constantly changing. I see it as an opportunity.”
TAKING ON THE CARI CHAIR ROLE
“I joined CARI so that I could make a difference,” states Zubick. “I wanted to help out and to try to make things better. So I was honoured to be nominated as chair and to have the opportunity to work with a board of like-minded individuals and the staff of CARI. I just saw it as a great chance to try to contribute. “I believe strongly in CARI,” he continues. “I believe that it provides us the voice to tell the world who we are and what we do in this industry.” He says that as an organization, CARI is the industry’s collective voice to let government and other decision makers know that recyclers are part of the solution, not part of the problem. “We want to be viewed as partners and not obstacles for any new issues that arise,” he says. “And with our collective experience as an organization, we can help find common sense solutions that are more likely to be successful.” He adds that without CARI’s input, the risk is that heavy-handed legislation that’s hard for those in the industry to comply with, is more likely to be enacted. “Or there might be a new
56 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
“
There’s a collective knowledge out there and we’re trying to encourage people in the industry to talk more.”
Matt Zubick
stewardship program that bypasses us completely,” he says. “So our message is clear, and we’ve been recycling professionally for a very long time. We have a lot of collective knowledge as an industry and we have a nationwide presence.”
According to Zubick, CARI is also ideally situated to be a conduit for information between members, between government organizations and members, and between available services and members. This is something that CARI is constantly working to strengthen. “If there is new legislation that comes into effect in a province, for example, we’re a conduit,” he says. “We want to be a channel where the government can do a shout out to members in that province. Our objective is to have members informed so that they have information to run their businesses better.” He continues, “We’re trying to make it easier for our membership to be aware of any new policies that will affect them, and we’re trying to encourage more communication between members to solve problems collectively.” Zubick points to CARI’s recently established online member’s directory as a significant new development to this end, and notes that at John Zubick
Scrap Metals, they run up against the same problems, or similar problems, as most scrapyards. “Each scrapyard owner, at least for the independents like ourselves, runs into problems and you try to come up with solutions, and you do your best to do that,” he says. “But I guarantee there are other people that have run into the same problem. So, there’s a collective knowledge out there and we’re trying to encourage people in the industry to talk more.” Efforts to increase the value of the current membership, of course, also include the goal of drawing in new membership. “The more vibrant our community is, the more members we have, the louder our voices are,” he says, adding that industry events remain key to creating and sustaining this community. “I love the opportunity to talk to our membership,” he says. “We’re a localized scrap yard here in London, Ontario, so it is great, at the various CARI events through the year, to talk to our
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members in Calgary, Vancouver, Halifax and across Canada. “It’s a very vibrant community that we have in the recycling industry, and there are a lot of very bright people involved.”
A SOLID VISION FOR YEARS TO COME
Zubick says for the next few years, the CARI mantra remains primarily focused on communication, advocacy and building value for members. “We want to communicate very clearly along simple lines that we’re trying to build value, we’re trying to increase communication, we’re looking for feedback from members, and we’re just trying to come up with some simple solutions to some of the barriers that might be out there,” he says. Currently, the organization is working on a range of ongoing issues. One is metal theft. In the September edition of Recycling Product News, Zubick’s CARI colleague, and the organization’s communications manager, Marie Binette, contributed an article on the current
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INDUSTRY LEADER PROFILE state of metal theft in the recycling industry in which she emphasizes that the focus needs to be on thieves, not recyclers. Binette’s article pointed specifically to the case of Hydro One, Canada’s largest electricity provider, which has had great success implementing strategies that do not focus on recyclers, such as properly securing materials normally targeted by thieves, increasing penalties for perpetrators of metal theft and allocating appropriate law enforcement resources. “Marie from CARI nicely summarized the standing of metal theft in the recycling industry in Canada,” comments Zubick. “Hydro One is a great example of how we can be a great resource for other industries, and that’s what it’s all about.” He says, in the case of Hydro One, the company has really taken a proactive approach to this issue. They host an annual metals theft seminar that brings together different parties affected by metals theft, such as other utility provides, law enforcement, first responders and recyclers. “The seminar allows all parties to present the unique way that crime affects their industry and it boosts communication and problem solving.” This is the kind of collaboration and innovation Zubick and CARI is trying to drive forward, he says. “We want a seat at the table. We want to be able to talk and share the knowledge that we have.” Being involved in the development of stewardship programs is another industry issue at the top of CARI’s agenda, and one which is changing rapidly in Ontario and across Canada. Zubick says the challenge has long been to change the way stewardship programs are developed, often without consultation and insight coming directly from the industry, via CARI and other industry professionals. “We’re recycling professionally already,” says Zubick. “We already have established procedures and markets. We have a nationwide presence. Any program that is going to focus on recycling a particular material should at least be discussed with us, because we might already have a solution without them having to recreate a whole infrastructure.” He says the most recent development
of ELV stewardship in Ontario is one example of the current redundancy in stewardship policy development. “New ELV regulations have recently been put in place, but any major recycler that I know in Ontario was already meeting most of the requirements before the legislation came into effect. It’s something that we’re already doing as an industry, as a best practice.” He continues, “All we need is a market. So, give us the market and we can make sure that materials are being recycled. There is a benefit to the government enforcing the rules universally. Having a formal program evens the playing field and forces everyone to follow best practices.” The dissolution of the Ontario Tire Stewardship program this year, an organization that has done an effective job managing the province’s tires for many years, but which is being replaced with a brand-new organization and infrastructure for the management of scrap tires, is another case in point. “It is unfortunate,” Zubick says. “With ripples in a stewardship program, it makes it an unsure market and that makes it complicated.” Zubick adds that U.S. tariffs are currently another one of their largest concerns. “The U.S. is our largest trading partner and the economy there affects a lot of Canadian recyclers,” he says. “So, we are trying to communicate, we are working with ISRI [the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries] on it, and just waiting to see where things are going to settle out. It’s just the uncertainty of it.” Zubick, however, is an optimist at
58 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
Matt Zubick (left) with CARI’s Marie Binette and member Aaron Posner from Hamilton-based Posner Metals, at CARI’s annual Blue Jays networking event in August. heart. When asked about his overall perspective regarding the global changes that have affected the recycling industry over the last year, particularly with the disappearance of China as a reliable end market, combined with the restructuring of trade agreements in North America, he does not see any of it as a threat to the Canadian recycling industry – just opportunity. “I see it as opportunity because I’m an optimist,” he says. “U.S. tariffs are something that we’re going to need to figure out. It would be very unfortunate to have barriers against doing business there increased. “As for the Chinese market, in my personal opinion, I think we’re going to have to find our way without China in the game. Companies have been using China for too long as a catch-all for all recycling needs. Having them out of the equation means that we’re going to have to find domestic solutions to make sure that items are recycled responsibly. “Necessity drives change,” he continues. “I think the true answer is in finding homegrown solutions for our own recyclables. We were doing it before the 2000s, so, it’s a matter of just going back to that. “We’re going to have to invest and innovate, and I think historically we’ve been very good at that.” RPN
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LASTWORD We are All Community Composters MUNICIPALITIES NEED TO HELP TO KEEP UP WITH DEMAND FOR COMPOSTING: TIME TO STOP KICKING THE CAN DOWN THE ROAD
BY FRANK FRANCIOSI
S
ome US Composting Council (USCC) members and staff have been on conference panels with our colleagues in the traditional recycling industry during the past year, and we’ve heard some harrowing tales. Tales are circulating of the cancellation of glass programs, the suspension of curbside recycling contracts, and of the costly retooling of materials recovery facilities to integrate increasingly complex sortation lines in order to meet the requirements of foreign markets to accept recyclable materials. Creating local markets for recycled materials is not an easy task, and we in the composting industry empathize. Composting is fortunate in its place as a local microcosm of any community’s circular economy. But we certainly
are not smug about it. So why is composting “local” by definition? A variety of markets exist in every community – from stormwater, erosion control and highway construction projects, to farms and brownfield sites, to golf courses, corporate campuses and sports stadiums and fields. These end users keep composters busy with sales and marketing in their local region. Compost is a recyclable material that demonstrates the circular economy right in its own market – by using a community’s discarded organic materials and quickly providing them back to the community in useful forms. Also, the economic barrier to entry for the compost industry can be easier to overcome than in the capital-intensive traditional recycling industry. In composting, there is a larger pool of potential entrepreneurs already trained in soil science, landscape construction and nursery operation, and the feedstock is readily available. A smart businessperson can work hard to engineer viable markets for compost endproduct, which with consistent nurturing will respond better than markets for a well-manufactured recycled product. This all assumes the
entrepreneur, launching or diversifying an existing business into composting, is well trained – through the Compost Council Research & Education Foundation or a university-led course emphasizing proper operation – and is working towards certification of their managers, and their product, to demonstrate their knowledge to skeptical neighbours and regulators. But being local does not inherently guarantee success. The infrastructure gaps that we are all working hard to solve in the compost industry – primarily in the southeast, mid-Atlantic and Midwest U.S. – wouldn’t be
a problem if local markets were the entire solution. Low landfill tipping fees, outdated zoning codes and state regulations can provide a barrier to entry for the industry, even when entrepreneurs are ready to move.
ADDRESSING THE INFRASTRUCTURE GAP
About a year ago we wrote about the launching of one of the compost industry’s efforts to address this infrastructure gap: the update of the Model Rule Template used by numerous states to bring their permitting regulations up to date. We continue with that effort – which is about
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LASTWORD a quarter of the way complete – and are marching on with outreach to speak to counties and cities about zoning with our Target Organics! project. While these projects are underway, it’s still hard for the industry to keep up with demand from the generators of organics. The US Environmental Protection Agency’s most recent Food Waste Characterization report showed 26 percent of food waste coming from restaurants, 8 percent from institutions and 10 percent from the grocery sector. Households, which are generally high in compost contamination and are most often addressed by municipal programs, accounted for 52 percent. It makes sense for the compost industry, charged with making a quality product that can be used by communities, to focus first on the non-residential generators, from which we can expect a more homogenous feedstock. • According to the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education, out of 753 U.S. college programs, 351 campuses self-identified that they are composting, for a total of 172,159 tons per year, an average of 491 annual tons per campus.
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Colleges, led by campuses such as the University of Arizona, often find themselves serving not only their own community, but providing a service to their neighbouring municipality – with the possibility of providing students with real job experience and enhancing campus revenue streams at the same time. Addressing the growing demand for more programs and expansion in the college campus sector is something we are working on addressing with resources and training in the coming year. There will be an entire educational track filled with collegiate compost experts at COMPOST2019 in January. • The National Restaurant Association’s 2018 State of Restaurant Sustainability Report had restaurants naming food waste reduction as the #4 top trend, with environmental sustainability as #6, according to spokesman Jeff Clark. Both of those numbers are up from previously, he said. • Small and medium scale community composting also continues to grow as an infrastructure solution. The Cultivating Community Composting track at USCC’s 2018 Atlanta conference brought more of these entrepreneurs together than ever, and
partnerships are increasing between the “micro-haulers” and urban composters, and the more traditional commercial composting sector. • Increasingly, institutional generators of organics waste are becoming compost leaders in their own right. The Philadelphia Department of Prisons program is a model not only in the detention centre sector, but has been a sought-after information source for the compost industry. Local circular economies are developing at a fast pace in compost manufacturing and organics collection. But municipalities need to help move the process along by updating codes and requirements in their own back yards. Urban planners and city departments of resiliency need to carve out a space for organic transfer stations, drop-off centres and for compost manufacturing facilities. There’s no time like the present to plan for the future. Let’s stop kicking the can down the road. Frank Franciosi is executive director of the USCC, which holds its annual conference, COMPOST2019, January 28–31 in Phoenix, Arizona.
Kensal Carbide..............................49
Rotochopper.................................64
Kobelco Construction Machinery....11
Sennebogen..................................63
American Baler..............................45
Komptech......................................29
Sierra International Machinery.......17
Bandit Industries...........................19
Lefort North America LLC............. 41
TAV Holdings Inc.............................6
bauma...........................................60
Link-Belt Excavators.......................4
Terex/CBI......................................15
BM&M Screening Solutions..........52
Morbark...........................................2
Terex/Ecotec..................................27
DuraTech Industries.......................51
National Heavy Equipment Show....59
USCC’s COMPOST 2019..............53
Ecoverse........................................23
OverBuilt Inc..................................21
Vermeer...........................................5
Exodus..........................................57
Paradigm Software........................61
Volvo Construction..........................9
Gensco Equipment........................35
PMR...............................................45
VP Building Solutions....................47
Harris Equipment.............................3
Recycling Equipment Canada.......39
WasteExpo....................................31
IPL Products..................................26
R.M. Johnson................................43
World of Asphalt............................55
62 Recycling Product News November/December 2018
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