Recycling Product News October 2018, Volume 26, Number 7

RECYCLING PRODUCT NEWS

MEETING NEW CHALLENGES

AT THE MRF PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270

EDUCATION AT THE SOURCE AND ADVANCES IN HIGH-TECH MATERIAL RECOVERY OFFER OPPORTUNITY PAGE 44

A HALF CENTURY IN SCRAP: SIERRA RECYCLING PAGE 22 VIDEO-BASED SAFETY FOR THE FLEET PAGE 32 January/February October 2018 2018

SCRAP

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WASTE

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C&D

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ORGANICS

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FEATURES

CONTENTS OCTOBER 2018 | Volume 26, Number 7

22 A HALF CENTURY IN SCRAP 52 INCREASING FIBRE

FOR SIERRA RECYCLING OUTPUT QUALITY WITH

AND DEMOLITION MAX-AI TECHNOLOGY

Reliable equipment, advanced technology and solid culture central to longevity in the scrapyard

30 SELECTING THE RIGHT

LIFT MAGNET

Choosing a lift magnet to match

a crane’s capacity is critical

New layer of advanced detection to revolutionize NIR optical sorting

54 ECS ON THE RISE Eddy current separators help

56 AHEAD OF THE CURVE ON NONWOVENS Repurposing nonwovens is

produce clean zorba at the scrapyard and improved UBC recovery at the MRF

keeping millions of pounds of textiles out of the landfill

61 LAST WORD BUILDING ON A RENEWED PLASTIC WASTE FOCUS

G7 Oceans Plastic Charter is a catalyst for change on plastics

32 BOOSTING FLEET SAFETY

WITH CAMERA SYSTEMS Mack has introduced pre-wire

options for the Lytx DriveCam video-based safety system

36 SELECTING THE RIGHT LUBRICANT

How to select a heavy-duty

engine oil for your waste fleet

40 FIVE KEY ELEMENTS OF

FLEET RENTAL

The benefits of truck rental vs.

22

ownership in waste and recycling

44 MEETING NEW

CHALLENGES AT THE MRF Industry expert Adam Lovewell

talks about the challenges facing material recovery facilities

On the cover:

Inside the MRF at SANCO Resource Recovery, California.

FOLLOW US

@recyclingpn

44

cover story October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

5

CONTENTS

RECYCLING PRODUCT NEWS

OCTOBER 2018 VOLUME 26, NUMBER 7 EDITOR Keith Barker kbarker@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 305 ASSOCIATE EDITOR Lee Toop ltoop@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 315 MANAGING EDITOR Kaitlyn Till ktill@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 330

32

EDITORIAL DIRECTOR Lawrence Buser lbuser@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 310 ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER Sam Esmaili sam@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext.110 ACCOUNT MANAGER David Gilmour dgilmour@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 105 ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER Tina Anderson production@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 222 DESIGN & PRODUCTION Morena Zanotto morena@baumpub.com; 604-291-9900 ext. 320 CIRCULATION baumpublications@circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 PRESIDENT / PUBLISHER Ken Singer ksinger@baumpub.com VICE PRESIDENT / CONTROLLER Melvin Date-Chong mdatechong@baumpub.com FOUNDER Engelbert Baum

52 DEPARTMENTS

54 56 6 Recycling Product News October 2018

10 UPFRONT 16 SPOTLIGHT 22 SCRAPYARD EQUIPMENT & OPERATIONS

32 HAULING & COLLECTION 44 PAPER & FIBRE 54 EQUIPMENT FOCUS:

EDDY CURRENT SEPARATORS

56 TEXTILES RECYCLING 61 LAST WORD

Published by Baum Publications Ltd. 124-2323 Boundary Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5M 4V8 www.baumpub.com Phone: 604-291-9900 • Toll Free:1-888-286-3630 Fax: 604-291-1906 Recycling Product News is published eight times yearly: January/ February, March, April, May/June, July/August, September, October, November/December. Advertising closes at the beginning of the issue month.

One year subscription rates for others: Canada $33.50 + 1.68 GST = $35.18; U.S.A. $40; other countries $63.50. Single copies $6.00 + 0.30 GST = $6.30; outside Canada $7.00. All prices are in ­Canadian funds.

Recycling Product News accepts no responsibility or liability for reported claims made by manufacturers and/or distributors for products or services; the views and opinions e­ xpressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Baum Publications Ltd. Copyright 2018, Baum Publications Ltd. No portion of this publication may be reproduced without permission of the publishers.

Printed in Canada, on recycled paper, by Mitchell Press Ltd. ISSN 17157013. PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40069270.

Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: Circulation Dept., 124-2323 Boundary Rd., Vancouver, B.C. V5M 4V8; e-mail: baumpublications@ circlink.ca; 1-855-329-1909 or fax: 1-855-272-0972.

IN MEMORIAM Engelbert J. Baum 1948 – 2018

Engelbert J. Baum started publishing Heavy Equipment Guide 33 years ago, and Recycling Product News in 1994.

Sadly, he won’t see our latest issues as he passed away on August 27. For those who knew him over the years, this is a deep loss.

While Engel, as he was known to friends and colleagues, was not actively involved in Baum Publications for the last few years due to health reasons, he maintained contact with many people in the industry, and no photo

CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF RECYCLING INDUSTRIES

8 Recycling Product News October 2018

of him would be complete without showing some of them. Here he is on the right with long-time construction industry publishing friends Walt Moore, Frank Raczon and Greg Sitek (left to right) at a press event at ConExpo 2017.

For those of us who have worked with him – some of us for decades – he was an inspiration and mentor, in both business and in life, and a great friend. He will be greatly missed and his legacy will continue.

FOLLOW US @recyclingpn

UPFRONT HAULING & COLLECTION

Largest scrap recycler in eastern U.S. building extensive Western Star fleet to keep up with demand Upstate Shredding – Weitsman Recycling, the largest privately owned scrap metal processing and recycling operation in the eastern U.S., is currently operating a fleet of over 45 new Western Star 5700XE trucks and expects to have over 60 of the trucks by the end of 2018.

Upstate Shredding has 17 scrap recycling and processing operations in New York and Pennsylvania, with metals hauled from the yards to two shredding locations, and then trucked out again to domestic steel mills or to ports for shipping overseas. According to company owner Adam Weitsman, this amounts to a lot of deliveries that must be made on time. “We need to be able to service the customers exactly when they need to be serviced,” he said. “And the steel mills are counting on performance from us.”

Weitsman said Upstate had been using contracted local trucking firms, but they proved unable to keep up with company demand, which was limiting growth. Upstate Shredding initially bought a large number of dump trailers and leased them for $1-per-year to owner-operators, but there were still gaps in service that needed to be filled. “We couldn’t really grow anymore,” Weitsman said. “We had to do it ourselves to guarantee the service to our customers and to guarantee outbound shipments from our 17 facilities.” So, Weitsman decided to work with New York–based Tracy Road Equipment to build their private fleet.

Upstate’s current fleet of new 5700XE trucks feature Detroit

McCloskey International acquires Lippmann-Milwaukee Ontario-based screening and crushing industry manufacturer McCloskey International has acquired Lippmann-Milwaukee Inc., the privately held international company and manufacturer of crushing equipment for aggregate, mining and recycling industries, based out of Wisconsin.

According to McCloskey, Lippmann’s line of heavyduty jaw crushers, combined with McCloskey’s product offerings, including portable and mobile crushers, will allow market expansion for both companies, serving a broader base of customers worldwide.

“Lippmann’s reputation for quality is legendary,” said Paschal McCloskey, president and CEO of McCloskey International. “We are excited at the opportunity to leverage the best practices of both companies while aligning the organization and operation for a customer-driven model.

“Our success in the market has been built on quality products, along with dedicated employees.

Looking at the similar values and culture between McCloskey and Lippmann, it’s an excellent fit.”

10 Recycling Product News October 2018

DD16 engines, Eaton Fuller transmissions, 13,300-pound front axles and 46,000-pound rear axles. According to Weitsman, “They have performed very well and improved uptime. Our

WASTE-TO-BIOFUELS

Fiberight MSW-to-biofuel facility to include CP front-end system This past summer, CP Group broke ground on the installation of the advanced material recovery facility that will be the front-end system for Fiberight’s waste processing and refining facility. This site will feature Fiberight’s first full-scale operation of its biofuels and biogas processing systems. Serving 115 municipalities, the 144,000-square-foot Hampden, Maine, facility will feature the latest technologies from CP Group to recover recyclable commodities and prepare residual waste for further processing on site.

Fiberight’s proprietary anaerobic digestion and biogas technology is the first commercial process of its kind to convert organic wastes to biofuel and refined bioproducts. Residual waste at the facility will be processed by Fiberight’s system, upgrading MSW residue into industrial bio-energy products, with anticipated landfill diversion of up to 80 percent. According to Fiberight, by designing the plant in Maine to be adaptable based on future market trends, they will be well-suited to handle changing market conditions, particularly because the system is capable of upgrading mixed paper to pulpbased products.

The CP front-end recovery system features a trommel screen with bag-opening knives, a steel-disc OCC screen, a new nonwrapping auger screen used to size material in place of a traditional

MORE INDUSTRY NEWS RecyclingProductNews.com

GLOBAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

Canada’s three largest cities join C40 pledge to divert waste

customer service has been better, and in the end we’ve been more profitable because of it.” He added that because their new Western Star trucks are so well designed

and dependable, and because they look very good on the job, their new fleet is also helping to attract and retain good drivers in a tight labour market.

scalping screen, two screens for 2D/3D separation, an abrasion-resistant glass breaker to remove glass and fines, and four optical sorters. According to CP, two MSS CIRRUS PlasticMax optical sorters will recover PET and HDPE, one MSS CIRRUS FiberMax optical sorter will sort and clean fibre, and one MSS CIRRUS will be used as a scavenger optical sorter to recover any remaining commodities. “The system is a blend of traditional and new equipment to provide Fiberight with flexibility for changing markets with extremely low-maintenance and durable machines,” stated Terry Schneider, President and CEO of CP Group.

“CP is an engineering-focused company, which brought great value and utility when working with Fiberight to create a flexible design that is optimized for our unique processing needs,” said Craig Stuart-Paul, Fiberight CEO. CP’s installation of the Fiberight MRF will take just over three months, with a forecasted system startup in Q4 2018.

Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver have joined 20 other major global cities in a pledge to cut waste sent to landfill and incineration by 50 percent, and per capita waste by 15 percent. The commitment by 23 cities and regions globally is meant to avoid disposal of at least 87 million tons of waste, with overall diversion of 70 percent by 2030.

Other signatory cities and regions involved include Auckland, Catalonia, Copenhagen, Dubai, London, Milan, Navarra, New York, Newburyport, Paris, Philadelphia, Portland, Rotterdam, San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Monica, Sydney, Tel Aviv, Tokyo and Washington D.C. The C40 commitment, made ahead of the Global Climate Action Summit in San Francisco in October, is focused on delivering on the goals of the Paris Agreement and keeping global temperature rise below 1.5 percent.

Specifically, signatory cities have committed to implementing actions, including: reducing food losses and wasting of food; building source-separated collection for food scraps and other organics and treatment infrastructure; implementation of extended producer responsibility and sustainable procurement; reduction or ban of single-use and non-recyclable plastics; improving on C&D materials recovery; and increasing accessibility, awareness, scale and inclusivity of reduction, reutilization and recycling programs and policies for all communities and neighbourhoods, including investing in city-wide communication and engagement efforts. The cities involved have also committed to publicly report every two years on their progress made towards these goals.

According to Montreal Mayor Valérie Plante, “Montreal believes in the value of collective action by cities and their citizens in order to reach global waste reduction goals. Our city’s initiatives, such as the implementation of organic waste collection, and the development of a comprehensive plastic-reduction strategy on city territory, all converge towards one common goal: reducing household consumption and providing alternatives to landfills for household waste.”

October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

11

UPFRONT INDUSTRY EVENTS

Terrafirma customer event celebrates growth Terrafirma Equipment held its Customer Appreciation Days, August 23 to 25, at the company’s Edmonton, Alberta, headquarters. According to Terrafirma, the event was a way to celebrate the strong relationship that the heavy equipment sales, rental and service specialist has developed with its clients in the aggregates, recycling and related industries, and featured opportunities for customers to chat with staff and representatives from suppliers that Terrafirma represents.

“We had a little of all our equipment and rentals on display – we wanted everyone to be aware of all the new things that we have coming in,” said Dave Rock, Terrafirma operations manager. “Mostly, though, this event was held to say thank you to our customers and let them know we’re here for the long haul.”

Terrafirma brought in a number of reps and equipment from industry partners, which includes excavators from LBX, Caterpillar and other major manufacturers, large crushing and screening plants, including SBM and Rubble Master units, as well as hydraulic attachments from Epiroc, Antraquip, Allied and Seppi.

“We’re building a team where we have people who are happy to be here, care about our customers and want to learn,” Rock said. “We’re seeing more interest in purchasing equipment, rentals are strong, and we want to make that bigger and be here for our customers.”

MUNICIPAL RECYCLING

Re-TRAC Connect and Recycling Partnership BETA-launch data standardization program Re-TRAC Connect and The Recycling Partnership have launched the first phase of the Municipal Measurement Program (MMP) to provide municipalities with a robust and accessible materials management program analysis and planning tool. It was designed, with industry assistance, to standardize terminology and harmonize methodologies in support of consistent measurement across the U.S. and Canada.

This innovative program will empower municipalities to benchmark performance and then identify and replicate bright spots, leading to better investment decisions and a stronger U.S. recycling system.

The new measurement program’s goal is to reach the majority of municipalities in the U.S. and Canada to advance the standardization and harmonization of material measurement of curbside recycling across the countries and facilitate decisionmaking to improve recycling program performance. Without adequate performance data, municipal program managers can struggle to identify the best course of action to improve recycling.

“The Re-TRAC Connect team is extremely excited about launching the Municipal Measurement Program in collaboration with The Recycling Partnership,” says Rick Penner, president of Emerge Knowledge. “The MMP is designed to help municipalities measure the success of their programs while creating a national database of standardized information that will benefit the entire industry.

12 Recycling Product News October 2018

SAFETY NEWS

New study quantifies needlestick injuries at MRFs Results found in a new report from the Environmental Research & Education Foundation (EREF), in collaboration with the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA), indicate a needlestick injury rate at material recovery facilities (MRFs) of 2.7 per 100 workers. According to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) 2016 data, MRF injuries (including non-needlestick related) occur at a rate of 6 per 100 workers, suggesting about 45 percent of MRF injuries could be attributed to needlesticks.

This first-of-its-kind study surveyed MRF owners on needlestick occurrences at their facilities – an area in which little data exists. The survey, initiated online with followup calls and e-mails for additional information, included responses from 35 MRFs across the U.S. and Canada. Fifty-three percent of these facilities noted having simply observed needles daily or a few times per week. Over half of the facilities observed them mixed with plastics. Due to their direct contact with waste material, MRF picking line workers experienced the highest number of incidences at a rate of 3.9 per 100 workers. Based on EREF findings, it is estimated that between 781 and 1,484 needlestick injuries may occur each year at U.S. MRFs alone. These injuries could result in up to $2.25M in direct costs for treatment, prophylaxis and patient monitoring.

The study also identified several strategies to reduce needlestick injuries, including written protocols, the use of personal protective equipment, changes in operations or equipment to manage the hazard, reinforcement of reporting and facility and community education.

MORE INDUSTRY NEWS RecyclingProductNews.com

DISTRIBUTOR UPDATE

Finning new dealer for MultiDocker

Finning Canada, based out of Edmonton, has signed an agreement to become the exclusive dealer of MultiDocker in Western Canada.

MultiDocker, based in Sweden, is an established manufacturer of hydraulic material handlers for the scrap recycling, forestry and bulk handling industries.

“We are delighted to be the exclusive dealer for MultiDocker, a company with

CONSUMER PRODUCT RECYCLING

TerraCycle continues growth by taking on difficult waste TerraCycle, with operations based out of Toronto and Trenton, New Jersey, has been very busy in 2018. After starting the year with the acquisition of AirCycle, the company behind the BulbEater fluorescent bulb recycling system, TerraCycle has continued to develop multiple partnerships with leading consumer product manufacturers, including Subaru, L’Oreal, L’Occitane, Garnier, Hasbro and Barilla. The company, which specializes in managing difficult-to-recycle waste also reached a milestone this summer by recycling 100 million cigarette butts.

Most recently, TerraCycle announced that it has begun processing used sharps from the medical industry.

over 30 years of experience in manufacturing and distributing cargo handlers world wide and a recognized leader in the customization of these products to meet individual industrial sector needs,” says David Primrose, EVP core industries, Finning Canada.

According to Finning, this partnership with MultiDocker is a natural fit, and very compatible with Finning’s sales and service network, given the MultiDocker base machine is produced by Caterpillar, and many parts are standard Cat components.

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October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

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UPFRONT Recycle Across America launches largest industry education campaign in U.S. history In response to the current U.S. recycling crisis, including the shutdown of 1,000 California recycling centres and nonprofits, Recycle Across America (RAA) has launched the celebrity-led “Let’s recycle right!” campaign, the largest recycling education campaign in U.S. history. According to the California-based non-profit, many of the campaign’s TV/billboard/print/ social media ads feature simple tips for proper recycling and introduce a societywide standardized labelling solution for recycling bins, which “makes it possible for people everywhere to recycle right.”

The “Let’s” Campaign features a cross-section of recognizable influencers and celebrities who have donated their time, likeness and influence to help resolve this crisis, including CEOs, politicians, as well as actress Kristen Bell, 2018 Olympic gold medal snowboarder Red Gerard, Grammy Award–winning musician Alanis Morissette, and Emmy Award–winning comedian/commentator Bill Maher.

DATA & METRICS

SWANA approves technical policy for measuring recycling to promote consistent methodology

14 Recycling Product News October 2018

RecyclingProductNews.com

WWF study finds grey water from vessels serious threat to Arctic

EDUCATING THE INDUSTRY

This summer, SWANA’s International Board unanimously approved a new technical policy citing the need for increased measurement of recycling progress and the development of a consistent methodology.

Although, historically, the measure for recycling has been weight-based, SWANA is encouraging the ongoing evaluation of different metrics, to gain a holistic and improved view of the domestic recycling process.

“As organizations throughout the U.S. begin utilizing the identified weightbased standard within the new technical policy, staff members will be able to review and determine how their programs compare to others at a clear and concise baseline starting point,” said Robert Smouse, from the City of Fort Worth, Texas, and director of SWANA’s planning and management technical division.

“In addition, organizations can convert and interpret their recycling weights into additional beneficial attributes,

MORE INDUSTRY NEWS

such as economic influences, environmental contributions, greenhouse gas generation, life cycle impacts and energy comparisons.”

According to SWANA, with increased quality requirements for recyclables in the wake of China’s waste import restrictions, more material, in some states, is temporarily being disposed of in landfills. This is leading many industry leaders to take a fresh look at local recycling programs and requirements, including how we measure such programs.

This issue was discussed at the MRF Summit that took place at WASTECON 2018 in Nashville, in August. “Adoption of this policy represents the culmination of a collaborative, four-year process among a wide range of stakeholders,” said Scott Pasternak, senior project manager at Burns & McDonnell, who led efforts to develop the policy at SWANA. “A uniform recycling measurement standard is a great benefit to all in the solid waste and recycling industry.”

The amount of untreated grey water dumped in Canadian Arctic waters is projected to double by 2035, if left unregulated, according to a new report commissioned by World Wildlife Fund Canada (WWF). As climate change makes the frozen region more accessible, grey water from vessels’ galleys, showers and laundry is being released in increasing amounts into fragile Arctic marine ecosystems. Although the impacts of grey water are similar to sewage, ships passing through Arctic waters in Canada are not required to adhere to any specific regulations for grey water and ships are not monitored. Notably, Transport Canada rules for grey water are more stringent for waters below the 60th parallel.

Fuchs adds to growing North American team Germany-based material handler manufacturer Fuchs is continuing the company’s growth in North America with the appointment of two additions to the sales team. Tim Gerbus will lead the Fuchs North America team, while Shane Toncrey is the company’s new regional sales manager.

Stanley Black & Decker acquires leading hydraulic attachment brands in $690 million deal Stanley Black & Decker has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire International Equipment Solutions Attachments Group (IES Attachments) for $690 million in cash. Separately, the company completed a $300 million share repurchase in July, bringing total share repurchases in 2018 to $500 million. IES Attachments is a manufacturer of high quality, performancedriven heavy equipment attachment tools for off-highway applications, with leading brands such as Paladin, Genesis and Pengo.

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SPOTLIGHT Volvo introduces first dedicated material handler for North America

Designed specifically for waste and recycling applications, the new EW240E material handler from Volvo Construction Equipment is designed as a powerful and reliable machine for challenging work conditions.

“This is not an example of a manufacturer simply taking an existing machine and modifying it to fit a market,” said Matthew McLean, product manager, Volvo Construction Equipment. “The EW240E was developed specifically for the waste and recycling segment. With a newly designed centre frame mounted on a reinforced undercarriage with nine-foot axles and extra-wide outriggers, the new material handler is ideal for mediumduty applications such as handling waste material and loading and unloading scrap.”

The 26-ton EW240E material handler features a 173-hp Tier 4 Final Volvo D6 engine. And with a straight boom measuring 21 feet 4 inches, and a 16-

foot 5-inch gooseneck arm, the machine has a maximum reach of 36 feet 9 inches. According to Volvo CE, the EW240E is designed to keep productivity and uptime high, and is ideal for applications requiring optimum reach and visibility. These machines are also built with a dedicated upper structure and reinforced undercarriage to withstand extreme conditions in scrap and other waste sorting applications.

Granulator knife bolt replacements

Updated XRF analyzer designed for improved productivity in scrap

Manufactured under an ISO 9001:2015 quality system, replacement granulator knife bolts from D&S Manufacturing are specifically designed to help reduce the risk of knife failure due to bolt fatigue.

D&S granulator knife bolts are made from carbon alloy steel and are quenched and tempered to achieve optimum tensile strength. These grade-8 bolts are rated to a minimum tensile strength of 150,000 psi, strong enough to withstand the toughest granulating production challenges, and are coated with a black oxide finish, fully threaded up to the bolt head and manufactured to all applicable IFI standards.

According to D&S, failure of fastening bolts on knives can result in damage to knives and/or processing machines. Bolts stretch and wear over time, and it is recommended they be replaced every time knives are sharpened or replaced.

16 Recycling Product News October 2018

The Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer is now easier to use and more durable for operators and quality control personnel in scrap recycling, precious metals, fabrication, and PMI (positive material identification).

The Thermo Scientific Niton XL2 Plus handheld XRF analyzer provides elemental composition, enables metal alloy identification, and is intended to allow users to conduct laboratoryquality testing in the field. The latest update incorporates new functionality into the original Niton XL2 analyzer which is designed to provide uninterrupted operation in harsh environments, as well as an advanced silicon drift detector (SDD) that delivers superior analytical performance. The Niton XL2 Plus analyzer uses a standardless Fundamental Parameter (FP) calibration designed to provide fast and accurate quantitative results from unknown samples. The point-and-shoot instrument is equipped with a 2W x-ray tube and is optimized to provide low limits of detection, including light elements.

OUR LOOK AT THE LATEST NEW AND UPDATED EQUIPMENT, TECHNOLOGY, PARTS AND SYSTEMS FOR RECYCLING AND WASTE MANAGEMENT

Near-zero-emission Cummins Westport engine now available

Kenworth’s T680 on-highway flagship and T880 and T880S vocational models, ideal for refuse and recycling fleets, are now available with the Cummins Westport L9N near-zero NOx emissions natural gas engine. The Cummins Westport L9N is certified to low NOx standard of 0.02 g/bhp-hr – a 90 percent reduction compared to engines operating at the current EPA NOx limit of 0.2 g/bhp-hr. The L9N engine also features on-board diagnostic capability, a unique maintenance-free three-way catalyst, closed crankcase ventilation system, and an engine control module with excellent durability.

“The Kenworth T680, T880 and T880S specified with the Cummins Westport L9N near-zeroemissions engine are ideal for pickup and delivery, vocational and refuse fleets focused on reducing their environmental impact and decreasing operating costs,” said Kurt Swihart, Kenworth marketing director.

PMR unveils new foil technology for catalytic converter recycling PMR, the Montrealbased catalytic converter processing specialist, has announced a new foil recovery process. PMR is now able to run lots starting at one gaylord box of foil converters and offer final assay results in 15 business days. According to PMR, their process for the recovery of wash coat results in no wash coat residue left on shredded metallic waste, ensuring complete precious metal recovery. And because there is no need to go through the long and time-consuming task of trimming foil units, used catalytic converter cans can be sent in whole. According to Chris Thibault, PMR’s VP operations and sales, “When you avoid cutting and/or trimming your units close to the core you reduce the chances of harming and damaging your foil units, possibly losing wash coat and recovery value.” Foil units can be cut similar to any other converter, and boxed up. PMR then trims and processes foil, ensuring the highest possible recovery of precious metals.

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October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

17

SPOTLIGHT

New LIBS sorting system on display at Aluminium 2018 STEINERT has begun operation of the first industrial LIBS system for separating aluminum scrap alloys. The first system is operating in Europe and the new technology is being introduced globally at the Aluminium trade fair in Düsseldorf, Germany, October 9 through 12.

According to Steinert, by introducing the first LIBS sorting system of this kind in Europe they are setting a milestone in the processing of aluminum scrap, and providing the missing link for aluminum recyclers who need to separate presorted aluminum scrap into its alloys. The specially designed STEINERT LSS line sorting system, using LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) technology, enables scrap recyclers to separate multiple alloys with just one detection by the LIBS sensor. By default, the calibration methods stored in the measuring device analyze the concentrations of the alloy

elements Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Si, Zn and Cr. “The demand for this sorting method, which is up to 99.9 percent accurate, is increasing,” said Uwe Habich, technical director at STEINERT. “The separation of the material and the multiple outputs are of primary importance for our customers.”

Updated Spectrotest mobile metal analyzer

CAT S2000/S3000 Series mobile shears Caterpillar’s new S2000/S3000 Series mobile shears, designed for hydraulic excavators working in scrap and demolition applications, feature optimum forceto-weight ratios that yield faster cycle times and more cuts per hour compared with predecessor models from Caterpillar. Manufactured from alloy steel that has both superior yield and tensile-strength properties, as well as substantially greater hardness ratings than T1-type steel, the new S2000/S3000 Series shears are engineered for long, productive service. These mobile hydraulic shears feature added structural strength with advanced jaw-protection features, can be boom- or stick-mounted and are available in both straight and 360-degree-rotating configurations.

18 Recycling Product News October 2018

SPECTRO Analytical Instruments recently announced the latest major upgrade to its SPECTROTEST arc/ spark mobile metal analyzer for applications in recycling, metal producing and processing industries.

The SPECTROTEST mobile spectrometer delivers precise results without compromise when an exact metal analysis is required, or when materials are difficult to identify, or if there is a large number of samples to be tested. Applications include metal sorting for value-optimized recycling, as well as on-site grade confirmation of incoming materials. The upgrade, which introduces a new, more-advanced readout system, represents a dramatic improvement to an already industry-leading solution, according to SPECTRO. The new readout is a prerequisite for the introduction of iCAL 2.0 – a consistent enhancement of the instrument’s proprietary iCAL calibration logic system. iCAL 2.0 enables the mobile analyzer to deliver very high-level stability, even in the face of ambient temperature changes.

With pre-defined calibration packages and the iCAL 2.0 diagnostics software, the upgraded SPECTROTEST allows users to perform a single-sample standardization (in less than five minutes) at the start of the day’s testing. The iCAL diagnostics ensure stable performance through a typical day, and the new software helps maintain the same standardization regardless of most temperature shifts.

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SPOTLIGHT

New SBM REMAX 400 mobile impact crusher built to take crushing on the road The REMAX 400 is the latest model mobile impact crusher from Germanybased manufacturer SBM. Designed as a performance-optimized, mediumclass crusher for C&D recycling and quarry applications, and based on the well-established REMAX 1312, the new model has improvements to key components such as the crusher, drive system and transportability. SBM’s basic medium-class impact crushers without a secondary screen have a total weight of less than 40 tons. According to SBM, the dimensions of the previous model have been optimized, resulting in a reduced transport height of 3.60 metres and a maximum width of three metres, allowing the REMAX 400 to achieve greater overall transport

flexibility. Key features of the updated REMAX 400 tracked mobile impact crusher include: SBM’s well-established dolly system; weight-optimized, threeaxle construction; a powerful 1300 crusher designed around a forged rotor shaft; electric generator drive; two impact aprons and adjustable crusher speed; easy-change, four impact bar rotor that can be installed at different heights due to offset locking grooves;

and an inlet opening of 1,260 x 800 mm for output capacity of up to 400 tph.

The REMAX 400 can be operated with diesel-electric drive or fully electric as an option.

Other models in this series include the REMAX 500, which can process up to 500 tons of material per hour, and the REMAX 300, the smallest model, providing the shortest setup times and most flexibility for relocation.

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ASA Electronics expands Voyager Camera line ASA Electronics has added the VCMS20B fullcolour camera to the company’s line of heavyduty Voyager observation equipment for trucks operating in waste and recycling collection/haul and other applications.

The VCMS20B uses a 1/3-inch CMOS sensor and 19 LED lights to help deliver a high-quality, full-colour image even in low-light conditions.

Voyager cameras are also engineered to withstand the elements and the rigours of any jobsite. The VCMS20B features an aluminum housing that is corrosion resistant with an IP69K waterproof rating to ensure years of reliable use, and is equipped with a built-in microphone and a switch that allows users to choose a normal or mirrored image. This camera will work with any Voyager monitor to create a complete observation system for vehicles. Units are compact, low profile and run on 12-volt DC power.

20 Recycling Product News October 2018

MAXAM MS706 solid skid-steer tires feature zero maintenance and extreme durability

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CY

CMY

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The new MAXAM MS706 CONSTRUCTION PRO solid skid-steer tire is ideal for the most extreme applications.

According to MAXAM Tire North America, the all-new MS706 features extra-deep tread, allowing for three to five times longer tire life versus traditional pneumatic tires with a more robust tread pattern, and is specifically designed for harsh working applications, including asphalt recycling, metal recycling, road paving and concrete work.

“The MAXAM MS706 uses internal steel reinforcement rings to eliminate wheel slip and offers incredibly balanced performance by combining smooth ride, terrific traction and extreme durability in one proven package,” explains Jimmy McDonnell, VP of sales & marketing at MAXAM Tire North America. “Utilizing our industry leading MAXAM three-stage 100 percent rubber construction process, the MS706 uses a pure rubber base with a heat dissipating cushion centre compound and a solid tread centreline for smoother running on hard ground with better chunk resistance over rough surfaces. The zeromaintenance solid construction also eliminates the threat of flat tires often and downtime caused by punctures or sidewall damage, while also ending the need for time consuming air pressure checks.”

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SCRAPYARD EQUIPMENT & OPERATIONS

Sierra Recycling and Demolition, located in Bakersfield, California, has been processing metal Recycling Product News 2018 and22other recyclables for October over half a century.

A half century in scrap SIERRA RECYCLING AND DEMOLITION HAS BUILT SUCCESS AT THE SCRAPYARD BASED ON RELIABLE EQUIPMENT, ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AND SOLID CULTURE

BY KEITH BARKER, EDITOR

S

hortly after World War II, Ben Sacco came to California and started Sierra Bag Company, servicing the agriculture industry. In the late fifties, Sierra Iron & Metal was born when he dedicated a portion of his operation to scrap metal collection.

He then added a baler to process scrap, which he found while visiting his homeland of Italy. Sacco eventually became the official North and South American distributor for the baler manufacturer, starting Sierra International Machinery, while at the same time continuing to operate his scrapyard, Sierra Iron & Metal. About 10 years ago, the business was passed on to Ben Sacco’s two sons, John and Philip Sr., both of whom have been lifelong employees and contributors to the business. The scrap recycling part of the Sacco family business today operates as Sierra Recycling and Demolition Inc., run by Phil Sacco, while Sierra International Machinery, the recycling equipment manufacturer and distributor, is run by John Sacco – both out of Bakersfield, California.

According to Phil Sacco, when his father started “he was buying and acquiring containers of textile burlap, cotton and other materials. He would recycle and upcycle them.” That gave birth to Sierra Recycling, which began as Sierra Iron & Metal in 1958.

“It’s been a great, great voyage,” says Sacco. “Our father brought us into the business at a very young age. I started my first summer in 1969 at the age of nine years old, and became full time in 1979. February of 2019 will be my fortieth year, full time.”

Since their start, Sierra Recycling has not only

found long-term success in recycling both residential and commercial scrap, ELVs, C&D and a wide range of other materials, they have grown to provide industry-specific waste management services to sectors including oil and gas, petrochemical and the agriculture industry.

Sacco says his vision from as early as the eighties was to transition the scrap processing side of the business toward more of service company, and specifically, to a demolition waste services company.

He says as a successful demolition company, it is really about providing full service. Sierra Recycling goes directly to demolition sites, hauling the needed equipment, including excavators, wheeled and crawler machines, as well as mobile shears, loaders, and then hauls away waste using specialized trailers.

About four years ago, Sierra Recycling sold one of their two yards to focus on streamlining operations in Bakersfield. The primary goal was to focus on becoming more of a regional service company through the growth of their demolition and other contract services business, for a range of commercial and industrial clients. Since they streamlined operations, Sacco says he’s proud to say business has seen steady growth.

COMPLEMENTARY OPERATIONS

Sierra Recycling and Demolition is associated very closely with Sierra International Machinery, which today manufacturers and globally distributes balers, shear/baler/loggers, material handling equipment and conveyors designed to handle a wide range of recycled materials, including metals, plastics and fibre.

October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

23

SCRAPYARD EQUIPMENT & OPERATIONS

“

To succeed in the scrap business,

you have to be ready to ride the fences between legislation and regulation, and be committed to operating excellence, so that people do not get hurt, and environments don’t get polluted.”

Phil Sacco

24 Recycling Product News October 2018

Because of this, Phil Sacco says they are often looked upon as a proving ground for various new equipment models and technology the company is introducing to the industry.

“Sierra has been very, very fortunate to have had great suppliers over many years – definitely in the 40 years that I have been involved,” says Sacco. “Our scrapyard in Bakersfield is an ongoing testing and proving ground for equipment from Sierra International Machinery and other manufacturers.” Outside of balers and shears from Sierra, he says they have a fleet of roll-off, heavy-haul and articulated trucks, and lowboy trailers. Sierra also employs material handlers, excavators, hydraulic attachments, loaders and forklifts, as well as auto recycling crushers, balers and drainage technology to help safely and efficiently process a steady stream of ELVs. “We depend on Sierra International Machinery for our big, heavy shears, loggers and balers,” Sacco says. “We’re not just not a showcase for Sierra equip-

ment, we’re also a beneficiary of the technology, which has really streamlined our efficiencies.” He added that this is where their family’s years of experience come into the equation.

“It comes down to being very active in the business,” he says. “My brother John and others on the Sierra International team that have learned the business from the bottom up, being operators, metal graders and understanding processes, has allowed Sierra International Machinery to fully understand what recyclers, material handlers and the waste industry need for efficient equipment that’s going to have longevity.”

Most recently, Sacco says Sierra International introduced a new generation of two-ram baler called the REB-4. He says this baler “will revolutionize how recyclers can bale and process safely and very efficiently through time, speed and density.” REB-4 balers handle a wide range of material, from fibre and plastics, to metals and other items in mixed solid waste. “We’re very excited to have

Sierra Recycling and Demolition is a proving ground for a wide range of equipment, including this Sierra International Machinery REB-4 baler, used to process a wide range of material, including fibre, plastics and metals. this piece of equipment in our yard currently running, and we’re helping to make sure it’s going to be viable long-term for the industry. After its first several months of operations at Sierra Recycling, it has been very successful, and we’re looking forward to a long life with it.”

They also run a Sierra 1100 model shear/baler, which has been operating for six years. “It’s a fabulous machine that has kept our productivity and efficiency at a low cost and really kept us in the game when our industry took a bad downturn a few years ago,” says Sacco. “Coming out of it now, if we didn’t have the 1100, we wouldn’t be able to produce as much and be as efficient. Still, at its age, our 1100 is producing at a high level.”

He adds that in recent years, they have also benefitted from Sierra’s integration of on-board electronics to monitor and diagnose their machines.

“To have ongoing diagnostics and system analysis while machinery is being operated is an example of the efficiencies that Sierra has really integrated in its manufacturing quality.”

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BUILDING THE CULTURE

At its core, Sierra has always been a family business. Ben Sacco’s primary mantra in building the business was to “tell the customer the truth.” This integrity is at the core of what Sierra is all about as a company, and these values were passed down to his sons Philip and John. “This is how you will be treated when you do business with Sierra today,” says Phil Sacco.

He says he is very proud of Sierra’s overall company culture that has been built over the years. He credits the attitude and hard work of their management team all the way down to their employees, from the office to the manufacturing plant, to the scrapyard.

“It’s a combined culture that has really developed into an interlocked team that cares, and which is very transparent, very accountable,” says Sacco. “We are a company that has really improved on standard operating procedures in every aspect of our business.”

He adds that one of their key business strategies has always been to be customer service orientated. “At Sierra Recycling, we are material handlers. We are demolition contractors. We are scrap metal recyclers and recyclers of paper, fibre and plastics.

Therefore, we share the same operating management issues as our customers and face the same ongoing environmental and regulatory challenges. So, the key strategy in this environment is to make sure that everybody is communicating to the customer on changes, potentially on the recycling side, which are ongoing. Similarly, on the equipment side of the business, we have to communicate about the introduction of technology. What are we doing to enable the elimination of wasted efficiencies?

“We don’t communicate via email,” continues Sacco. “We communicate by being in front of customers. It takes time.

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SCRAPYARD EQUIPMENT & OPERATIONS

It’s the old-fashioned way where you have to be in front of people. And Sierra’s success and strategy is to have a complete network of salespeople and service people, so our customers can lean on that and depend on it. Our commitment is that we’re always there for the customer.”

Sacco is also particularly proud of the fact that Sierra Recycling has gone over 10 years servicing oilfields, hauling away and processing a wide range of waste materials, from structures to equipment and hazardous waste, without any time loss incidents.

“We’re a company of high cultural values in safety, and I think that passes onto the quality of Sierra’s workmanship and how we’ve stayed focused. This is one of the most key elements, and can be credited to the entire team.”

He says that in 1988, at a time when both the oil and gas and scrap recycling industries were suffering from a particularly high rate of industrial accidents and deaths, he attended several safety seminars sponsored by local petroleum organizations, and was introduced to

26 Recycling Product News October 2018

behaviour-based safety. Following that, Sierra introduced the concept to all aspects of their business.

Sacco describes the key aspect of behaviour-based safety as total human interaction. “The focus is to prevent injuries, and it’s an ongoing journey,” he says. Once everyone is trained in safety, Sacco continues, management and employees will help each other follow safe practices – it becomes part of the culture.

He says their commitment to behaviour-based safety is based on totally eliminating incidents in the workplace.

Workers know that everyone is involved, everyone is responsible, and it has paid dividends.

“It’s separated us from a lot of companies because our great employees and team have adopted the culture over time and have enforced the culture, and they don’t want to see it go away,” explains Sacco. “Everybody has everybody’s back, you might say. It’s a wonderful culture of safety. Without it, we couldn’t be successful. We couldn’t qualify to even work in certain job areas without the

Safety is the most important aspect of Sierra Recycling’s overall culture as a company. All employees are trained in behaviour-based safety practices and are committed to eliminating incidents at the scrapyard and when working on remote sites. safety record we have. It’s absolutely the most important aspect of our overall culture as a company.”

ADAPTING TO CHANGE

According to Sacco, in the last 10 years, the biggest changes in the scrap recycling industry include the ongoing development of environmental and employment laws, along with changing government regulations.

“We have come a long way as an industry,” Sacco says.

“We have trained our people to reduce exposure to potentially harmful items and all hazards. We have now done everything we can to safeguard ourselves from radiation, we have lead

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containment, mercury containment, and we can identify hazardous materials in autos and white goods, including refrigerants, carbons, oils or greases, and pesticides and asbestos.”

Sacco says that probably the biggest-ticket item that has hit scrapyards in the last decade is stormwater runoff compliance.

The State of California has a very firm policy on how it’s to be implemented, and it’s a very costly one.

“Liabilities are high in this business, and compliance is one of the biggest challenges as a scrapyard. It is very expensive and it takes a level of expertise to interpret what results could be, and to comply to those results. But, that’s the law and we comply to that. It’s about ongoing management. And again, we are fortunate because we have built our culture for many years to be environmentally conscious. That’s why we’ve been able to get on board with compliance easily, and we’ve tried to stay ahead of curve, and worked with our agencies so we’re not behind.”

He adds that because there are naturally occurring radioactive materials around Bakersfield – an oil-producing region – they have been focused on radiation safety in particular, for a very long time. “To protect the employees, to protect clients, and protect the land, you have to protect yourself from gamma and neutron radiation,” he says. “The technology in radiation detection has come a long way, in a good way. We have zero tolerance for hazardous material coming onto our site, into our facilities, or being on the jobsite without it being identified by our customer.”

Another change Sacco has seen in the last decade or so is with respect to metal theft. He says it is not as significant a problem as it used to be now that the industry is engaged on the issue.

“We’re fully engaged with our clientele and we have seen a decline in metal theft,” he says. “Sierra’s standard operating policies just don’t invite criminals to come into our facility. We’ve

when it’s being processed and inventoried, or put to sale off to market, it is tracked from beginning to the end.”

Finally, with respect to the current challenging global market situation for scrap commodities, specifically with China shutting doors to mixed scrap exports from North America, Sacco says it’s not as critical a situation from their perspective, as some in the industry

have made it out to be.

“It’s affected all of us to a certain degree. It’s constricted the flow of materials that were actually going into markets in China, and it’s causing little rifts here and there.

“We are adapting to it, and we’ll just see how it plays out. I like a little shake up, personally. I think shaking it up is a good thing.” RPN

MAXIMIZE YOUR MRF At Sierra Recycling and Demolition, the latest advanced technology helps track the huge volumes of incoming scrap received, from the time material enters the yard, through processing and to its final end market. been very successful as an organization, working with the local law enforcement agencies very closely, on a really interactive level, and have seen declining incidents at Sierra Recycling.

He says advances in technology – similar to their effect on compliance and safety – have also greatly helped in deterring metal theft and with their overall efficiencies as an organization.

“There has been great technology to help us track incoming scrap that has been introduced over the last 20 years, which is good for law enforcement and our clients,” he says. “Our clients depend on our internal audit processes, to have the right paperwork. We have excellent technology in place to validate and verify ownership of material, including how it comes in and how it’s paid for.”

He continues, “Our team has built a system with transparency, backup to catch oversight, and great internal control measures. The team prospers in this kind of environment, and the technology we use in the front office really helps everyone to be an efficient team.

The technology provides basically pushbutton real-time data. We know what goes in to our yard, where it’s located, its weight, and how it’s classified. And then

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SCRAPYARD EQUIPMENT & OPERATIONS

selecting THE RIGHT lift MAGNET CHOOSING A LIFT MAGNET TO MATCH A CRANE’S CAPACITY IS CRITICAL TO THE SAFETY, EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ANY RECYCLING OPERATION

M

ark Volansky, Winkle’s director of sales, has answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about what to consider when adding or adapting a lift magnet to the recycling operation at hand.

1

HOW DO I PROPERLY AND SAFELY SIZE A LIFT MAGNET TO OPTIMIZE THE CAPABILITIES OF MY CRANE?

2

HOW DO I PROPERLY SIZE A MAGNET TO A CONTROLLER/GENERATOR?

Using the lift charts for your crane, determine the lift capacity when the boom is fully extended over the side at ground level. Then subtract the weight of the magnet as well as the maximum weight of the material (scrap) you are lifting.

If the combined weight of the magnet and materials is less than the crane capacity, you will be operating safely.

If the cold amps of your magnet are less than the cold amp rating of your controller, you are sized correctly and safely. For your generator, multiply the volts by cold amps and you will get a kW rating. This number must be below the kW rating of your generator.

3

WHAT IS DUTY CYCLE AND HOW DOES IT AFFECT THE PERFORMANCE OF MY MAGNET?

Duty cycle is simply time on versus time off. Duty cycle is generally measured in 10-minute intervals, so for a 50 percent duty cycle magnet, every five minutes the magnet is operating it should be off for five minutes.

For a 75 percent duty cycle magnet, the magnet can be operated approximately seven minutes out of every 10.

30 Recycling Product News October 2018

Exceeding the duty cycle will have a negative impact on the productivity and life of the magnet.

4

WHAT ARE THE MAIN CAUSES OF MAGNET FAILURES AND ARE THERE TESTS THAT I CAN RUN TO DETERMINE ELECTRICAL CONDITION?

The main causes of magnet failures are heat and abuse.

These two items can have a domino effect and cause a magnet to fail prematurely. Any time a magnet is not allowed to cool and dissipate the heat generated by the coil, it can cause premature magnet failure. Any mechanical abuse may also contribute.

You can test the resistance with an ohm meter and compare with the nameplate data to determine the integrity/condition of the conductor. Also take a meggar reading to test for grounding between the coil and case.

These two field tests will provide a pretty good indication of what is happening inside the magnet.

5

ARE THERE ANY KEYS TO EXTENDING MAGNET LIFE?

There are things that can be done to help extend magnet life. Two key components are operator training programs to help crane operators understand the consequences of mishandling/abusing a magnet, as well as developing and maintaining a consistent magnet inspection program.

Operators are the front line defence in preventing premature magnet failures, and if they truly understand the potential consequences of mishandling a magnet, as a scrap processor, they can be your best asset in extending service life. Consistent and systematic inspection programs are key in identifying a magnet that is in the early stages of failure. RPN

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HAULING & COLLECTION

boosting fleet safety with camera systems MACK TRUCKS HAS INTRODUCED PRE-WIRE OPTIONS FOR THE LYTX DRIVECAM SYSTEM IN ITS TERRAPRO, LR AND GRANITE MODELS

BY LEE TOOP, ASSOCIATE EDITOR

R

efuse and recycling trucks are some of the busiest big vehicles on the road, and spend most of their time navigating streets that are filled with other vehicles, as well as pedestrians and other potentially dangerous obstacles. To protect their drivers and trucks from potential harm, fleet managers are increasingly turning to camera systems that can provide views of both the drivers themselves and the roadway around them, offering multiple ways to improve safety.

Mack Trucks has recognized the benefits of such systems and recently announced a collaboration agreement with Lytx, a California-based manufacturer of cameras and software solutions. This has led to the offering of a pre-wire option for Lytx camera equipment on Mack LR, TerraPro and Granite models for the refuse and recycling industry.

Connectivity and telematics are key areas that Mack has fully embraced in recent years, so bringing a safety tool

32 Recycling Product News October 2018

like the Lytx offerings makes sense, according to Curtis Dorwart, Mack refuse product manager.

“Mack has been an industry leader in bringing those sorts of features to the entire industry,” Dorwart said during a recent ride-and-drive event. “Beyond just analytics, beyond just ELD, we also can do things regarding prognostics, be able to predict and monitor a truck when it's driving down a road. And if there's a problem, we'll fix it.

“And there's a big component of safety in that as well. That safety component, and how we’re enhancing safety with all of our connected services, includes bringing in Lytx pre-wired.”

The pre-wire offering means that customers who want to include Lytx in their truck can do so with ease.

Adding a camera “without having to do any additional wiring, getting to the dashboard, and causing potential problems down the road . . . leaving it as simple and upfit-ready as possible” is the goal, Dorwart said.

When a customer installs the Lytx DriveCam system in their truck, they

gain the opportunity to review any risky occurrences that may happen while their driver is on the road. Kristin Costas, Lytx director, product development, said the system captures exception-based video that gives insight on what happened ahead of – and inside – the truck at the time of that particular incident.

Sensors in the Lytx device, mounted in the truck cab, trigger when something like sudden braking or acceleration occur, Costas described.

“If there’s a lane departure warning or forward collision warning, we’ll capture 12 seconds of video, and then we review that video to identify behaviours that are happening,” Costas said.

“So, whether the driver is wearing their seatbelt, for example, or whether they have proper following distance – all of that is delivered to the customer in a package that allows them to have a really meaningful conversation through our coaching workflow.

“Through telematics data, you can get some insight about G-forces happening during cornering or braking, and all of that is interesting. But without really

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33

HAULING & COLLECTION knowing what’s happening inside the cab, it’s hard to manage what the driver is doing.”

Costas added that incidents captured

by Lytx DriveCam can include everything from sudden stops to lane change issues, and each incident that is identified as problematic is presented to the customer through the Lytx interface.

One example shown to media at the recent ride-and-drive event featured an outside view of a truck approaching an intersection, then having to slam on the brakes and evade cars stopped at a light.

The cab view is shown next to the out-

The Mack Granite (here in a roll-off configuration) as well as LR and TerraPro models, are now available with pre-wired Lytx DriveCam technology.

34 Recycling Product News October 2018

side view, and showed the driver texting prior to the sudden stop.

Managers can interact with the data presented by Lytx and use it to coach drivers on improving their on-road behaviours, based on the information collected during the video review.

“Our customers don’t have a lot of time to sit in front of computers all day and watch videos, so we’re really trying to boil down, identify behaviours that are happening in and outside the cab, and also identify risky events that allow our customers to have meaningful conversations with drivers to change their behaviour,” said Costas.

The Lytx system provides videobased safety and driver training capability by showing what’s happening outside a vehicle and in the cab.

FOCUSED ON THE ROAD – AND THE DRIVER

The added driver training opportunities that come with Lytx DriveCam are valuable for fleet managers, but the largest benefit of the system is its focus on both the road and the driver. The proliferation of cameras to the side and rear of trucks, and the potential for use

of that video in even more situations, has been on Lytx’s radar for some time.

The company’s Video Services solution is one way to take advantage of that broader video view.

“Video Services is all about allowing fleets to have more visibility – to take video beyond safety. What we’ve done is enabled our devices to have continuous recording on the road safety view, so while the vehicle is moving and on the road we are constantly recording, and then the fleet can go in and grab video from any point in time,” explained Costas.

Video Services can be used for everything from insurance claims to confirmation of delivery, depending on the customer’s needs. Pilot projects are currently underway in both the waste/recycling and construction sectors, said Dave Riordan, Lytx executive vice president and chief client officer.

“One trial is with a recycling group in Penticton, B.C., looking for recycling compliance and waste stream contamination,” he explained. “They have a camera in the hopper when a recycling bin is deposited . . . the driver already has the ability to monitor what’s going into the hopper, but this gives him the ability to say ‘oh, that’s a TV’ or ‘that’s a car battery,’ to recognize there’s something that shouldn’t be in the waste stream and be able to record that time instance in the vehicle.”

Lytx curates the video received from each truck equipped with Video Services and makes it available for owners who are looking to view a specific point in time. This includes, for example, the time at which a customer was supposed to put out recycling containers, or the time when a delivery was to be made in the case of a late delivery complaint.

“We are always looking at capturing video and assigning it to a workflow – sometimes it’s safety oriented, sometimes it’s compliance and prevention,” Riordan said. “We see our role as curating the video so that customers aren’t getting a bunch of noise and placing it in an efficient process within a workflow.” RPN

The Lytx DriveCam interface is designed to help fleet managers with driver safety training.

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35

HAULING & COLLECTION

How to select a heavy-duty engine oil for your waste fleet

BY BRIAN HUMPHREY, OEM TECHNICAL LIAISON, PETRO-CANADA LUBRICANTS

H

eavy-duty diesel vehicles that collect and transport waste and recyclables in urban environments, and which work at transfer station sites, material recycling facilities (MRFs) scrapyards and landfills, operate under tough conditions. In these settings, fleet managers are required to maintain high levels of monitoring on specialized vehicles to ensure optimum performance and safety of their employees.

Constantly stopping and starting, waste fleets work in unique conditions where there is often a wide operating

36 Recycling Product News October 2018

temperature range. These varied environments can result in increased engine wear – resulting in unplanned maintenance and downtime. This, combined with heavy loads that further accelerate engine wear, can significantly impact a business’ bottom line, where every day a vehicle is down can result in lost revenue. For waste fleet managers, selecting the correct lubrication is crucial for ensuring the protection of vital engine components to prevent unscheduled maintenance and breakdowns.

A CLOSER LOOK AT THE ROLE OF HEAVY-DUTY ENGINE OILS

Before considering the factors that influence lubricant choice for heavy-duty

vehicles, it’s good practice to understand the crucial role that engine oils play in vehicle maintenance.

Reducing pumping and spinning losses as well as minimizing frictional losses between moving components, heavy-duty engine oils protect engine components while improving fuel economy and reducing viscous drag.

Supported by the move to lower-viscosity oils, newer engine oils reduce frictional resistance and drag in the engine even further. Simply put, this means that the engine does not have to consume as much fuel or work as hard to provide the same level of power. This allows the engine to run more efficiently and offer improved levels of wear protection, and

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“

For waste fleet managers,

selecting the correct lubrication is crucial for ensuring the protection of vital engine components to prevent unscheduled maintenance and breakdowns.”

Brian Humphrey

helps improve fuel economy, which in turn reduces carbon emissions.

WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN SELECTING A LUBRICANT

Evolving industry legislation and heavy-duty engine oil technology means that selecting a lubricant can be challenging. So, with an abundance of oils available, what factors should be considered before making a choice?

The first step should always be to consult the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) vehicle manual or contact the company directly for information and advice.

Following this, the fleet and its operating conditions should be considered

High-level fleet management includes choosing the right lubricant to ensure optimum vehicle performance and safety of employees.

– a particularly important factor for the heavy-duty equipment used in the recycling industry where the use of stop/start technology is common. For this type of technology, it is important to use a more durable lubricant that can provide protection during the engine’s high number of on/off cycles.

Also, for newer engines that run at higher temperatures, a conventional lubricant that suffers from an accelerated rate of oxidation and degradation under these

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conditions would not be the most suitable solution. Recent innovations, such as oils that meet API CK-4 or FA-4 standards, should be utilized as they offer greater resistance to oxidation and improved aeration control and shear stability.

As part of this process, operators should examine their region and climate.

Fleets operating in warmer climates will have different oil requirements to fleets in the colder regions of Canada and the northern U.S. Oils that are designed to provide protection in colder temperatures have a ‘W’ (which stands for winter) on the container, which features after the SAE (Society of Automotive Engineer) grade. For those fleets in warmer areas, a heavier oil such as an SAE 30 or 40 grade would be more suitable – these resist the breakdown associated with high temperatures and ensure proper flow and engine protection.

The oil’s viscosity dictates its ability to flow. In cold conditions, if the oil’s viscosity is too high it may resist easy movement, delaying the lubrication and protection of the engine resulting in increased engine wear. Oils that meet industry standard tests such as Cold Crank Viscosity and Low Temperature Pumpability provide peace of mind that the oils will lubricate critical components, even in the coldest of operating conditions.

Because, there are a multitude of factors to consider, it’s always important to seek OEM and expert lubricant advice and recommendations ahead of changing the type or grade of engine oil used.

its way into the bottle.

Send sample to a qualified used oil analysis laboratories – once the sample has been taken, it should be sent as soon as possible to an oil analysis lab certified to perform the testing required. The lab will test the oil using standard test regimes, providing accurate results and diagnosis in a report that can be sent by email or viewed online.

Interpret used oil analysis results – this is when technical advisors take stock, evaluate the results and provide recommendations on whether it is possible to extend oil drain intervals.

A worthwhile investment, used oil analysis can highlight minor mainte-

nance problems before they become serious and expensive to repair. This helps improve fleet reliability while also minimizing maintenance costs and unplanned downtime. In addition, used oil analysis programs can help to determine oil drain intervals to ensure that the optimum performance of the oil and protection of vital engine components.

Selecting a heavy-duty lubricant for a fleet operating in unique, extreme conditions can be a challenging task.

By seeking expert advice and following OEM manual recommendations, superior engine protection can be achieved, resulting in increased fleet reliability and less unplanned downtime. RPN

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THE BENEFITS OF USED OIL ANALYSIS

Due to the number of factors involved, including the extreme conditions in which waste vehicles operate, incorporating a used oil analysis program can prove to be very beneficial. The process itself is typically comprised of three steps: Take a representative sample – this is the most important step in the process as improper sampling can lead to inaccurate interpretation of the results and potential equipment damage or failure.

A clean, dry container suitable for oil analysis should be used, and the sampling point should be wiped with a rag before a small amount of oil is flushed to ensure no foreign contamination makes

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HAULING & COLLECTION

the five elements of rental for fleet management A WELL-BALANCED FLEET NEEDS TO CONSIDER ALL COSTS, BOTH DIRECT AND INDIRECT, ON THE ROAD TO A MORE PROFITABLE BUSINESS

BY JAKSA PANIC, BIG TRUCK RENTAL

W

aste industry aside, the typical attitude toward renting equipment, vehicles and other assets has historically been negative, and in some cases, rental has been viewed as an alternative that can lead toward organizational failure. However, what used to be a last-effort solution, viewed as unorthodox or unattainable, has evolved and changed over time. For the waste industry, specifically, new challenges

40 Recycling Product News October 2018

continue to present themselves daily for haulers of all sizes and for municipalities as well. The landscape of asset ownership in the industry is quickly changing. Some of the reasons for this stem from the industry’s improved understanding of the benefits of rental, based on what we refer to as the five key elements of renting: financial flexibility, total cost of ownership, growth opportunities, equipment availability and, most importantly, improved fleet management.

All of these attributes are contributors to the change occurring in how

rentals are perceived within the waste industry. Still, depending on who you speak to or which resource you ask, many remain quick to dismiss renting from a financial perspective. Endless cost calculators have been created and numbers crunched, with the net benefits always pointing toward purchasing rather than renting. The remarkable fact is that most calculators and reasons simply do not address the five key elements, as below.

Each of these five factors tell a compelling story that most rental versus purchase calculators simply cannot cap-

ture, and they typically apply to most companies running a fleet of vehicles, whether they are large or small haulers, public or private.

1

FINANCIAL FLEXIBILITY

Renting provides a company with the ability to strategically save capital dollars while gaining the benefit of using equipment immediately.

This can be done for a long period of time or can be used as a bridge into a new fiscal year. Renting additionally provides a company with predictable costs as the rent is consistent monthto-month, and with little maintenance costs, as the rental company is responsible for any major maintenance items related to warranty.

2

TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP

There is a math equation that can be evaluated on a per company basis to determine how fleet rentals may be able to provide a lower total cost of ownership. This equa-

tion needs to factor in fleet age, fleet purchasing costs, maintenance costs, financing costs, downtime, lost opportunity and many others. Renting provides the opportunity to perform minimal maintenance, including both preventive maintenance and consumables, without the burden of large out-of-pocket expenses for replacing

Fleet rental can provide the benefits of financial flexibility, decreased total cost of ownership, growth opportunities, equipment availability and effective fleet management.

October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

41

HAULING & COLLECTION

major maintenance items such as engines, transmissions and the labour or outsourcing costs that go along with material costs. Industry leaders in the courier market such as UPS and FedEx, to many people’s surprise, all have adopted renting as part of their business strategy. For an industry focused primarily on transportation and moving products, to adopt and embrace rental as it has, should give us all encouragement, especially in the waste industry.

3

GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES

When municipalities or other customers request contract start dates that are sooner than new equipment can be acquired, the current option is to typically not bid on the project, due to “asset setbacks.” However, renting assets until equipment can be received can provide the bridge needed to capitalize on these otherwise difficult opportunities. In addition, a customer may request a contract length that is less than five years or shorter contracts

42 Recycling Product News October 2018

with potential extensions, which may jeopardize attainable ROI, or make purchasing capital equipment burdensome to an organization facing a risk of what to do with equipment should business be lost. The waste industry has typically capitalized equipment over a seven to ten year period, making it difficult to pursue shorter contracts. Renting can provide equipment with no risk to the waste hauler, as trucks can be returned at any given time.

Growing your business one truck at a time is challenging, especially when deciding on the right time to purchase the next piece of equipment while keeping the business sustainable. Renting can provide an option to add assets without the risk, as haulers work to maximize and expand routes before making the decision to purchase equipment. Also, opportunities for seasonal work or storm relief can be cost-prohibitive, again, because the equipment may only be used for a short period of time, thus forcing many waste haulers to forego these opportunities.

Renting can provide equipment to the waste and recyclables hauler without financial risk as assets can be returned at any given time.

4

EQUIPMENT AVAILABILITY

As both the economy and the waste and recycling industry continue to evolve and grow, the demand for refuse fleets is creating immense pressure and strong demand on the manufacturers of both refuse bodies and chassis. This growing demand in many cases has pushed truck delivery lead times in the marketplace to months, limiting the ability to have access to new equipment in a time frame that either supports growth or maintains a fleet replacement strategy.

Renting can keep your strategy and plans intact as a suitable option to help mitigate wait time issues tied to new equipment deliveries.

5

IMPROVED FLEET MANAGEMENT

Typical management and ownership of a truck fleet within the waste industry over a 10-year period with a 10-1 spare ratio has become the representative standard. This standard strategy comes with some consistent challenges of increases in ongoing maintenance costs, downtime and spikes in capital needs as refuse fleet age within the public and private sector. Refuse and recycling trucks that have been moved from the active fleet to “spares” are usually transitioned for reasons related to age and reliability.

Spare trucks, which have been retired due to age or reliability, present a very costly expense to most organizations, including licensing, higher than typical maintenance costs, taxes and many other factors, all while, in most cases, failing to provide a backup plan as a true fleet replacement when needed most. Renting can be a part of the answer to this, helping reduce the spare vehicle ratio size and ensuring uptime and customer service expectations are met when the need arises.

Do you find that your new trucks are over-used to make up for the challenges of an aging fleet? Double-timing use of newer trucks can be common, but causes long-term maintenance challenges, which can drive the fleet to age at a quicker pace, which may lead to additional capital needs earlier than expected.

The use of rental trucks can help relieve this bottleneck and even be used to allow all trucks to more regularly receive their proper preventive maintenance, keeping the fleet up and running for longer.

Regardless of a hauler’s size, in either the private or public sector, the question of whether rental or ownership is a better strategy toward creating a wellbalanced fleet, can be determined by examining the above five key elements – elements which truly drive the rental industry. Questions to ask include: Why rent? What drives your decision? What benefits do you see from adding rentals?

A well-balanced fleet typically considers all costs, both direct and indirect.

All of our key customers have adopted

“

For the waste industry, new challenges continue to present themselves for haulers of all sizes . . . The landscape of asset ownership in the industry is quickly changing.”

Jaksa Panic this strategy, and it has allowed them to run more profitable businesses. As we continue our pursuit to help provide the waste industry with new and modern fleet options, every hauler, both public and private, should take the time to consider the option of renting to build their business and profitability. RPN

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COVER STORY

meeting new challenges at the MRF

Inside the facility at SANCO Resource Recovery, California.

INDUSTRY VETERAN ADAM LOVEWELL TALKS ABOUT THE ROOTS OF THE CHALLENGES FACING MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES AND THE PATH FORWARD

BY KEITH BARKER, EDITOR

T

his past summer, Van Dyk Recycling Solutions sponsored and hosted a webinar titled “MRFs in Crisis! Where do we go from here?” During the webinar, Van Dyk’s sales manager and process Engineer, Adam Lovewell, along with colleague Mark Neitzey, focused on the topic of how recycling businesses have been struggling to deal with China’s changes in import policy.

According to Lovewell and Neitzey, the so-called “China crisis” has exposed serious issues throughout the recycling industry and “we have hit a critical point where owners and operators need to take a hard look at their equipment’s ability to handle changes in the stream.”

Lovewell says the topics focused on in their webinar were similar to the conversations being had around the industry on a regular basis this year, including at the first MRF summit, held at Wastecon 2018 in Nashville. He

44 Recycling Product News October 2018

says the conversation centres around broad questions including: What can the recycling industry do considering the challenging global climate we find ourselves in? Where can materials go?

And what does the future look like for paper, plastics and other recyclables?

ROOTS OF A CRISIS

Lovewell says that in the simplest terms, the current crisis in the global materials recovery industry stems from China’s import policies which have come into place since 2017.

“The MRF crisis has everything to do with our inability to ship material to China,” explains Lovewell. “The latest stage (called BlueSky) which began in the Spring of 2018, where they completely shut off North American exports for a period of time, is what started the crisis, because nobody really knew where to go with their material – especially fibre – everyone has been frantically trying to find buyers.

“And then there are the restrictions that China has put on quality. They’ve now said that recyclers can start shipping material to them but that it has to meet a very high quality specification.

For fibre, the specification is at half of one percent contamination levels. It’s not economically possible to really reach that quality for medium to large MRFs. Volumes of material are just too high.”

In particular, the specifications for fibre, including mixed paper, newspaper and cardboard are extremely challenging to meet. “If MRFs want to be shipping end product to China, they have to slow down their throughput, and add sorters and equipment,” he says.

Plus, due to the risk of shipping material and it not being accepted at Chinese ports, there is a high potential to have ships turned around, with product rejected and sent back to its source. At about an average of $10,000 per container to have material re-routed back to North America, it’s very costly. “And

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PAPER & FIBRE then you still have to do something with material when it comes back,” says Lovewell.

FOCUS ON FIBRE

With single-stream MRFs, the majority of plastics processed are either PVC or HDPE. “For much of this material, there are plants here in the United States and there’s capacity domestically,” explains Lovewell. “A lot of MRF plastic is easily processed domestically, which is similar to nonferrous and ferrous metals. It’s really paper that’s the big issue.

“There’s not as much of a domestic market for it,” he continues. “But that’s changing as well. There’s a couple of plants that are opening up recently, and there’s movement in the United States to open up more markets for paper.

“But it’s going to take time. You can’t just do it overnight. If you want to put in a new paper mill, it takes probably 18

Clean paper comes off the non-wrapping screen at JP Mascaro & Sons, Total Recycle, in Birdsboro, Pennsylvania. months from the time that a project is given the go-ahead. It takes time to do the design, get the funding and the permitting, and to construct the infrastructure.”

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INBOUND CONTAMINATION

According to Lovewell, a major factor that has increasingly played a part in creating challenges at the MRF, especially since the new Chinese regulations have been put in place, is inbound contamination. Meeting standards of 95 percent pure fibre is achievable, but with the average quality of the inbound material being so poor, it makes it extremely difficult.

“We’ve seen upwards of between 15 and 20 percent inbound contamination in many regions,” he says.

Inbound recyclable material contamination has increased since the advent of single-stream systems, where fibre and containers are collected in one bin. This contamination can range from irregular items that need to be manually removed, such as diapers, to flexible packaging, such as plastic bags, to organics and food waste – especially in mixed waste streams. Lovewell says that while contamination of plastics and metals does occur, it is not as serious an issue, “because metals go into smelting equipment and all the plastics go through bottle washes and such to be cleaned. But it’s really hard to take dirty fibre, clean it and get a clean recycled product from it.”

He continues, “Flexible packaging is probably the biggest contributor to contamination. It looks like paper, it acts like paper. And because of the density of the material, it’s extremely hard to remove from the system manually and requires a large amount of automation.

He adds that so many bags end up at the recycling facility, in large part, because it’s a means of transporting material

from inside a house to the bin outside.

This plastic ends up at the MRF, causes equipment problems, and is extremely hard to recover.

The other large contingent of contaminants that end up in MRF systems are really anything that people think is recyclable that is actually not. “There’s really only a couple of things that are truly supposed to be included in most recycling programs: plastic containers one through seven, aluminum and tin cans, and cardboard and paper,” Lovewell says. “MRFs get a lot of plastic bags, and other miscellaneous plastic items that don’t fall into any of the categories of the one through seven. They just end up in the system.”

He says MRFs and other recycling facilities regularly also receive holiday lights and extension cords, or hoses that end up getting wrapped up in equipment, jamming systems and causing downtime and increasing the potential for injuries to personnel at the plant. Plus, there are large volumes of

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PAPER & FIBRE e-waste, including batteries, as well as items such as small propane cylinders, both of which can result in explosions, endangering the lives of MRF workers and causing damage to expensive infrastructure.

“Outside of the contamination issue with film bags, it’s really about a misunderstanding of what is recyclable and what is not. You could probably create a list of a million things that show up at a MRF that are just not recyclable or included in the program.”

EDUCATION IS THE FIRST STEP

U.S. There are certain areas that are doing a good job. Minneapolis does a really good job at educating the folks there about what is recyclable.

So their actual inbound contamination rates are some of the lowest in the U.S., at about five to seven percent on the inbound compared to 15 to 20 percent in some other places in the country.

“We also have systems in Canada, and what we’ve seen is that contami-

The path toward a solution to current challenges at the MRF with respect to contamination involves educating about required changes at the source and at the curb, combined with improving personnel and technology that can more effectively separate materials at the MRF. “I would say education is the start,” says Lovewell. “Right now, there’s literally no education in a lot of areas of the

The MRF installation crew at SANCO Resource Recovery in Lemon Grove, California. nation levels vary there just like they do here in the United States. We have plants there that have 15 to 20 percent contamination on the inbound as well.”

In some places, however, like British Columbia, Lovewell says recyclers and municipalities are doing a particularly good job. “I think they have a better educa-

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tion program,” he says. “I think there’s more programs in place there that do a better job at educating people and enforcing some of the recycling rules.

But overall, I wouldn’t say that Canada is any further ahead than the U.S. with respect to curbing contamination levels.

I would say Europe is far more advanced than both the U.S. and Canada when it comes to recycling. It’s a little bit difficult to understand why they’re so far ahead, but it might just be as simple as people caring a little bit more about what they’re doing, and they’re making more conscious decisions about what they’re putting in the bin and where they’re taking it.”

“I’ve been living in Chicago for the last three years,” he continues. “I’ve never received any information about recycling. My family lives in Maryland and they’ve had the same recycling bin for the last seven or eight years, and it still includes instructions that read; ‘Put your plastic bags in the recycling bin.’

They’ve never received a flyer, they’ve

never received an update or any information about guidelines for recycling.”

“So education is what I say is step one and is definitely the biggest thing that needs to be worked on across the U.S. and Canada.”

SHARING THE BURDEN WITH MRFS

According to Lovewell, recycling plants are having to spend great amounts of money to upgrade their systems, to improve separation in order to stay in business. And while the volume of clean material coming into systems (especially fibre) as a percentage is decreasing, the percentage of unclean incoming material is increasing. This is combined with disappearing markets, including China.

“Many plants are struggling to make money – because they’re getting hit on all ends. They spend money and make less,” says Lovewell, adding that he agrees that increased taxes designed to support recycling facilities would help, and would be warranted.

“People pay $150 or $200 for cable every month, and don’t really blink an eye at it,” he says. “It costs an average of about $15 to $20 a month for trash.

So, if that was increased by $10, for example, it does not seem like much, compared to $200 for cable.”

Lovewell says he hopes such changes will be part of the solution going forward, but it would be challenging. “One difficulty is that there are contracts already set up and in place. Many areas have long-term contracts with municipalities for both hauling and processing, so you can’t just change the contract.

You have a 10-year contract that says that this is what you’re charging. If you’re a MRF, you can’t say, “Residents and businesses need to start paying more to help effectively process materials.”

He continues, “It’s hard to change.

It’s hard to start telling people that they need to pay more – it’s just bad for business. So there’s a political game involved. And then the question is: How does it change? Would it be a national

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change? Would it be a federal tax that would support recycling and solid waste efforts or would it be a state, provincial or local tax?”

Lovewell is reluctant to say it, but adds that the only way to do curb contamination may be to penalize waste generators. “It’s either you recycle correctly or you get penalized for it,” he says. “And really, the reason why some of the increase in contamination has occurred is that advancement in technology and the growth of singlestream systems has actually hurt us all at the curb.

“Sorting has been lost at the curb to some degree, with unrecyclables not being seen until it ends up at the plant.

And recycling facilities are processing so much material that it’s really hard to audit every single truck that’s coming through, nearly impossible to do. So it’s tough.”

ADVANCING TECHNOLOGY

According to Lovewell, the other part of the equation to solving the current MRF crisis, beyond improved education efforts, is developments in recycling equipment and technology. He points to advances in screening and sorting technology to separate paper (2D) from containers (3D), as central to building success at the MRF going forward.

“Since there’s so much plastic film in our systems, the old screening technology just doesn’t work effectively,” he says. “Film wraps in the screen, or it

50 Recycling Product News October 2018

travels over a screen with paper, and you can’t just do a simple 2D paper separation from 3D (containers).

“One of the big advances that we came out with in late 2015, which we have deployed in many of our facilities, is our non-wrapping screen. Traditional screening utilized a certain screen design to separate paper from containers.

Over the years, as the volume of film and long stringy items has increased in the inbound stream, those screens have seen a lot of issues. They get wrapped with that material, and it causes significant wear on the stars (screen hole configuration).

“So we developed a non-wrapping screen that eliminates the wrapping of this plastic film, which has helped increase the quality of material, including fibre, being produced, and has saved a significant amount of time on labour required for cleaning screens and changing stars.

“The latest screen technology has also helped increase throughput at some facilities where we’ve done retrofits, where they have had to slow down due to fibre quality requirements. They’ve been able to bring their throughput back up with these new screens.”

POSITIVE SORTING FOR THE FUTURE

With the new MRFs that Van Dyk is currently building and planning to build, the concept of positive sorting is key. “Positive sorting is a name we’ve coined to describe the way that we are

looking at processing single-stream material today and in the future,” says Lovewell. “A traditional sorting system makes what is basically a rough guess based on density and shape of the materials. Traditional screens do a decent separation of 2D from 3D, but since the screens can’t make an intelligent decision, other than with 2D/3D material, anything that’s 2D, which includes a lot of your flexible packaging, including plastic bags, goes with the paper and contaminates the paper.

“With positive sorting, the idea is to utilize advancements in optical sorting technology to positively recover fibre so that an intelligent decision is made based on the actual commodity. Currently, we use a lot of optical sorters on the container line to recover PET and HDPE, and the technology is effectively making a positive decision. We can see up 98 percent quality on those recovered products before any kind of manual sorting is done.”

He says this compares to using traditional screening technology for fibre, with which, before manual sorting is done, MRFs might see upward of 15 percent contamination in their product.

To get that down to the “China-grade specification” of half a percent, a facility would probably need 50 people on the sorting line.

“Using optical sorting and today’s smarter technology to recover fibre will get you closer to meeting those quality specifications,” Lovewell says. “And it also allows material recovery facilities to adapt to the future.

“As the inbound composition continues to change, MRFs can upgrade software and technology inside an optical sorter. Effectively, this makes a smarter system that will be able to adapt to the changing composition and market demand of the future.” RPN

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51

MRF NEWS PAPER RECYCLING & FIBRE

Max-AI technology combined with optical sorters increasing fibre output quality in initial applications NEW LAYER OF ADVANCED DETECTION TO REVOLUTIONIZE NIR OPTICAL SORTING

N

ational Recovery Technologies (NRT), part of Oregon-based Bulk Handling Systems (BHS), recently announced the integration of the company’s NRT SpydIR optical sorter with Max-AI technology. According to NRT, this creates a revolutionary new sorter with detection abilities unmatched in today’s optical sorter market. NRT’s SpydIR technology uses near infrared light (NIR) detection to identify paper, plastics, wood and other materials by material type. Max-AI uses artificial intelligence (AI) to identify materials using a camera and neural network algorithm (NN). The NRT SpydIR optical sorter with Max-AI employs both detection technologies to create a machine that is able to combine the information from each technology, delivering a unique sorting capability.

In its initial installation as combined technology at Penn Waste in York, Pennsylvania, Max-AI was integrated with a SpydIR unit that was designed to sort out paper at the pre-sort to a container line. According to NRT, the unit was seeing a significant quantity of steel cans with fibre labels which were being ejected by the optical unit. Max-AI is now able to identify these cans and has since suppressed the firing signal in the optical unit to prevent contamination in the fibre stream. Not only is Max-AI able to identify this material, but it is able to do so at speeds of 600 fpm on the optical feed belt. Thus, material quality for Penn Waste has increased dramatically as did the recovery of both fibre and ferrous cans.

“Competing in today’s recycling markets is tough,” said Penn Waste director of recycling operations, Tim Horkay.

“Our investment in this new technology is immediately paying off with both higher purity of our fibre and greater recovery of steel cans. The two technologies complement each other well.”

According to NRT president, Matthias Erdmannsdoerfer, “Max-AI technology is remarkable in that it can detect multiple views of different material categories in one location using a camera and AI, similar to how a person can using his or her eyes and brain – the difference being Max can do this at very high speeds.

52 Recycling Product News October 2018

“While our SpydIR line of optical sorters is fantastic at identifying materials very confidently at high volumes, it is limited to material composition analysis,” continued Erdmannsdoerfer. “Recyclers care about more than material type, and this is where Max comes in. We can now sort using the SpydIR’s speed and confidence, while adding the criteria that Max is able to differentiate.

“For example, in a PET sorting application, while the optical sorter identifies the material PET, Max is able to differentiate between different types of PET like thermoform tray, redemption container, food-grade, rigid, bottle and more.

“Thus, the customer is able to produce a product with increased value at a minimal additional expense without the need to add labour. It is among the most impactful innovations in optical sorting in recent memory.”

NORWAY’S LARGEST WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANY TO IMPLEMENT MAX-AI VIS TO MONITOR OUTBOUND QUALITY ON NEW PAPER LINE

Norsk Gjenvinning (NG), Norway’s largest waste management company, recently announced the selection of Oregon-based Bulk Handling Systems (BHS) to supply their new state-of-the-art paper recycling system in Oslo.

Planned to start operations in Q1 2019, the system will process 20 tonnes per hour (tph), and run three shifts to process approximately 120,000 tonnes of material annually.

Noteworthy to this process is the inclusion of Max-AI VIS (Visual Identification System) units to monitor the quality of outbound paper.

According to BHS, the new paper sorting facility will include the latest technology to maximize NG’s fibre output quality and return on investment, including six NRT optical sorters and four Max-AI AQC (Autonomous Quality Control) robotic sorters. This will create a highly automated process, allowing NG to run multiple shifts with minimal variable cost increase, take on more tonnage, create a highly marketable product, and decrease labour costs.

NG’s system begins with a BHS Metering Bin, OCC Separator and Debris Roll Screen to feed the system, recover cardboard and remove fines. A BHS NewSorter then separates news and pams from smaller fibre and contamination. The news and pams are split into two material streams for purification, a process that begins with two NRT SpydIR-R optical sorters used to remove and recover plastic film. The news and pams are then treated by two NRT ColorPlus optical sorters to remove and recover any remaining cardboard. Final paper purity is achieved completely autonomously by Max-AI AQC-2 robotic sorters. NG will also recover aseptic containers and remove contamination from mixed paper with two NRT SpydIR-R units.

According to BHS, NG will be able to analyze product quality in real time with its two Max-AI VIS units and the system’s Total Intelligence Platform. With material purity requirements paramount, this is an advantage that will allow NG to ensure the system is creating highly pure paper before it goes to market.

BHS says this is the world’s first system to commit to this level of intelligence, adding that with both NRT and Max-AI technologies reporting material compositions and communicating through the system’s Total Intelligence Platform, NG’s operators will gain valuable analytics to track, analyze and share with customers.

“We are extremely pleased to have signed with BHS for a new paper line for our production facilities in Oslo, Norway,” said Frode Karlsen, Norsk Gjenvinning’s head of the Oslo region.

“The level of automation and technology is astounding and will help us achieve new levels of throughput and quality. We are very eager to receive the equipment and start production as soon as we can next year.”

“This system will truly be a first of sorts,” commented BHS Europe sales manager Richard Tromp. “BHS, NRT and Max-AI technologies come together to not only deliver unmatched performance, but to also provide NG with intelligent and actionable reporting throughout the system – including product quality.” RPN

A rendering of Norsk Gjenvinning’s planned BHS paper recycling system, to be operational in early 2019.

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53

EQUIPMENT PLASTICS RECYCLING FOCUS: EDDY CURRENT SEPARATORS

ECS on the rise THE LATEST EDDY CURRENT SEPARATORS CAN HELP PRODUCE CLEAN ZORBA AT THE SCRAPYARD AND IMPROVED UBC RECOVERY AT THE MRF

A

ndersen’s Sales & Salvage in Greeley, Colorado, takes the quality of its shredded nonferrous metals products seriously – to the extent that it developed its own patented IQASR system to create premium zorba and zurik grades. IQASR technology uses horizontal airflow to separate heavy fraction ASR from the light fraction.

Andersen’s operates a Riverside M88 auto shredder that handles a variety of

dealer as well as peddler scrap. According to Sarah Willcutts of Andersen’s, “Shredded materials are directed toward a sophisticated downstream sorting system which must accomplish several goals, including removing the magnetic fuzz and trash from our nonferrous stream.”

Willcutts explains that by using Eddy Current Separators (ECS), the company produces a clean zorba package that they then turn into a very clean twitch package. “Our state-ofthe-art nonferrous separation system also allows us to recover the maximum metallic value from the remainder of the nonferrous product – producing clean, consumer-ready product,” she says.

According to Chris Ramsdell, Eriez recycling product manager, their team consulted with numerous users and equipment integrators when developing their RevX-E Eddy Current Separators, specifically to deliver a design to meet demands for reducing downtime. He points FULL SERVICE CATALYTIC CONVERTER PROCESSOR to the RevX-E’s larger access panels, conveniently located to enable trouble-

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free and speedy service, and a unique cantilever frame that expedites conveyor belt maintenance, allowing the belt to be replaced in less than 10 minutes. The RevX-E also incorporates a rack and pinion splitter design to allow for easy splitter adjustment to maximize recovery.

“We have six Eriez ECS units, four of which feature the Quick Change belt system,” notes Willcutts. She says Andersen’s Sales & Salvage has been using Eddy Current Separators from Eriez for seven years, adding that the latest design feature are among key reasons they stay loyal to Eriez.

“The Eriez Quick Change belt system and the easy splitter adjustment are extremely useful features and save time,” she comments. “The splitter adjustment can very easily be managed by one person with accuracy, allowing for on-thefly splitter adjustments if necessary.”

According to Willcutts, Andersen’s has had previous experience with belt changes and adjustments that took far longer. “The Quick Change Belt system takes a fraction of the time, saving me and my employees time and frustration,” she notes. “This reduces downtime and allows me to spend time in actual production.”

And the time savings, says Willcutts, has a clear bottom-line impact. “Time is money, and by saving time with splitter adjustments and belt changes, Eriez is saving me money and allowing for increased revenue.”

She adds that the staff at Andersen’s is also impressed with Eriez’ top-rate

Ramsdell notes also that Eriez offers two rotor assemblies, LT2 and ST22, to conquer specific challenges of various recycling industry applications. The LT2 eight-pole rare earth eccentric rotor assembly is designed to sort coarse material greater than one inch, making it ideally suited for recovery of UBCs. The ST22 is a 22-pole rare earth ec-

Eriez RevX-E Eddy Current Separators are available in 40-, 48- and 60-inch widths and feature easy maintenance, including a quick-change belt that can be swapped out in 10 minutes. customer service. “Eriez is an excellent vendor; they are easy to work with and the equipment delivered is high quality. Any support that is required is handled very quickly with honest pricing and answers.”

centric rotor assembly designed for recovery of nonferrous fines sized less than one inch.

“Eriez’ eccentric design incorporated into both rotor options protects against potential damage from ferrous contamination in the material stream while maintaining a high level of separation performance,” says Ramsdell. RPN

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DEMAND FOR REVX-E ECS ACCELERATING AMONG MRFS

According to Ramsdell, company findings at Andersen’s Sales & Salvage are in line with the benefits experienced by other Eriez customers, who have been increasingly placing orders for the RevXE ECS units outfitted with the Quick Change feature. Specifically, he says sales of the company’s new generation RevXE models are on the rise to materials recovery facilities (MRFs), where operators appreciate the maintenance-friendly features as well as the superior used beverage can (UBC) recovery provided.

“Independent tests prove our RevXE Eddy Current Separators throw aluminum material nearly 20 percent farther than other brands,” said Eriez Recycling Product Manager, Chris Ramsdell. “This extra distance improves aluminum grade and increases recovery, resulting in substantially more profits for MRFs.”

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55

TEXTILES RECYCLING

Ahead of the curve on nonwovens AFTER 50 YEARS, FIBEMATICS’ FOCUS ON REPURPOSING NONWOVENS IS PAYING DIVIDENDS WHILE KEEPING MILLIONS OF POUNDS OF TEXTILES OUT OF LANDFILL

“

Manufacturing SRM is one of

the oldest practices in the nonwoven industry. This material remains in high demand due to its strong durability, and it continues to be an economical choice for wipers.”

David Bloovman

A

s a niche market in the textile recycling industry, nonwovens quietly continue to keep hundreds of millions of pounds of materials out of landfills.

One company has grown over the past five decades to become one of the largest in the industry in purchasing nonwoven “seconds” from major U.S. mills.

Established in 1968, Fibematics Inc. began manufacturing Scrim Reinforced Material (SRM) and converting nonwoven wiping products in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and has since expanded its business to include wiping product conversion in southern California. The company is celebrating its fifty-year anniversary in 2018.

Fibematics’ principal location in Philadelphia operates in a Historically Underutilized Business Zone (HUBZone) and is a Small Business Administration (SBA) HUBZone employer. Currently employing 70 workers, the company has experienced steady growth in revenue in recent years, including its California location, which has been successful since the factory opened in 2014.

“We repurpose an average of five million pounds of nonwovens per month,” says David Bloovman, vice president of

56 Recycling Product News October 2018

Fibematics. “Our work centres around manufacturing SRM, converting nonwoven wiping materials and trading specialized industry products.”

SRM is a material composed of high-wet-strength tissue laminated to polyester scrim threads, and is typically run to tight specifications for medical applications. For industrial applications, this material often begins as parent rolls of towel and tissue rejected by mills for their primary applications, and as industrial SRM. It is utilized in industries such as janitorial and sanitation as an absorbent wiping material.

“Manufacturing SRM is one of the oldest practices in the nonwoven industry,” says Bloovman. “This material remains in high demand due to its strong durability, and it continues to be an economical choice for wipers [manufactured products used to clean surfaces].”

In the higher-end market, Fibematics ships virgin SRM to converters in China, where it is transformed into items such as surgeon’s hand towels and disposable caps, procedural tray towels and smaller towels for medical kits. These products are then shipped back to hospitals in North America.

On the lower-end, Fibematics pur-

chases “seconds” from mills, producing “firsts” such as napkins and paper towels.

This lower grade material is reinforced with SRM, resulting in a heavier-duty product, which is cut and sold as various types of wipers.

Fibematics’ Philadelphia headquarters has 14 machines used to convert both firsts and seconds into nonwoven wiping materials, giving these discarded textiles a useful second life and keeping waste out of landfills. The resulting products find end markets as base for new wiping products, including specialty wet wipes and dry towels.

“Think of Fibematics the next time you’re at a barbecue restaurant and use a wet wipe to clean up that messy sauce,” Bloovman jokes. “The wipe material may have come from our factory!”

Fibematics also offers private label

Fibematics’ converted nonwoven wiping products include a variety of rolls, wipes and flat sheets. Opposite: Baled nonwoven material ready for repurposing.

October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

57

TEXTILES RECYCLING WEAR PARTS & MAINTENANCE

Secondary nonwoven parent rolls piled at Fibematics’ facility, ready for shipment overseas. wipes and partners with existing and startup hygiene companies, on both U.S. coasts, helping companies select the appropriate nonwoven wiper material and sizes best for their businesses, and designing custom logos and branded packaging.

Specifically, Fibematics converts and/or trades the following nonwovens: Spunlace, Airlaid, DRC, Embossed Tissue, Meltblown Polypropylene (MBPP), Spunbond Polypropylene (SBPP)/Polyester (SBPE), Polyethylene Laminates, and others, including parent rolls and a variety of converted formats. Custom converted products include slit/rewound Parent Rolls,

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Continuous Roll Towels, Perforated Rolls, Centre Pull Rolls, Interfold Pop Ups, 1/4 Folds, 1/6 Folds, 1/8 Folds and Flat Sheets in many sizes.

The company also offers many specialized products that are highly restricted with regard to application and geographical location, selling through strategic relationships in more than 30 countries on six continents. After purchasing secondary material from mills in the United States, Fibematics processes and sells between 10 and 15 million pounds of material overseas yearly, with all materials thoroughly vetted prior to shipment.

Bloovman adds that Fibematics works hard to educate customers on the importance of nonwoven wipers and notes that studies show disposable nonwoven wipers cause less harm to the environment than the laundering of textilebased towels.

From washrooms to factory floors, Fibematics’ products are helping to

replace traditional textile towels, rags and wipers worldwide. So, what does the future hold for Fibematics?

“We will continue to adapt to global market conditions and create new sales channels for existing and emerging wiper technologies via our well-established global network of customers and suppliers,” says Bloovman. RPN

STAYING AHEAD OF THE CURVE

Fibematics’ success, according to Bloovman, is due in part to their ability to stay ahead of the curve in industry awareness and presenting creative options to customers.

For example, their trade vertical is enhanced through long-time membership with the Secondary Materials and Recycled Textiles (SMART) association, a relationship advocated by Bloovman, who recently became SMART’s newest board president.

“We work with many SMART members in the wiping chapter who primarily sell rags,” Bloovman explains.

“These relationships help augment our customers’ businesses, enabling them to compete with larger companies by creating different types of wipers.

“We’re seeing more and more of a push towards biodegradability,” he continues. “It is a big challenge to create a strong product that functions at the high-end level while making it biodegradable. Unfortunately, current biodegradable nonwovens simply don’t perform as well. It is our industry’s job to remain innovative and continually work towards the most environmentally friendly solution.”

COMING UP IN THE NEXT ISSUE: Focus on organics recycling and composting, material handlers and auto recycling.

October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

59

LASTWORD

building on a renewed plastic waste focus

G7 OCEANS PLASTIC CHARTER IS A CATALYST FOR CHANGE THAT SHOULD HELP SET IDEALS INTO ACTION

BY JO-ANNE ST. GODARD

I

n what feels like a blink of an eye, the omnipresence of plastic waste has captured media attention and public awareness like never before. The unprecedented global alignment on prioritizing the management of plastic waste is akin to how the world embraced the seriousness of climate change. The bombardment of images of marine life ingesting plastic pollution has moved the conversation upstream from concerned citizens to the highest levels of governments and business, and to their supply and value chains.

Initiated in April 2018, the United Kingdom Plastics Pact has brought together businesses from across the entire plastics value chain, as well as governments and nongovernmental organizations, to tackle plastic waste. The European Union published

“A European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy” that presents key commitments for action at the EU level. The Ellen MacArthur Foundation is also uniting governments and global companies under “The New Plastics Economy – Rethinking the Future of Plastics.”

And closer to home, Canada hosted the G7 Summit in June 2018, which produced the Oceans Plastic Charter that will require Canada to develop a domestic strategy.

When China suddenly closed the door on recycled material imports, it also served as a stark reminder that there’s far too much waste, particularly in plastics, and emphasized the need to look both upstream and downstream for reduction solutions and new markets for recyclables.

While the collective focus on plastic waste is an opportunity for governments to enact policy and businesses to create value, we must be wise to ensure that next steps do not result in knee-jerk policymaking or market shifting that negates intentions. The desired outcome for new policy is to reduce waste through a transformation at each phase of the circular economy: collection,

production and end-of-life management. Real solutions are rooted from adjustments at each phase, and no single point is solely responsible. In fact, success will depend on a multi-faceted approach.

THE G7 OCEANS PLASTIC CHARTER

The G7 Oceans Plastic Charter is a catalyst for change, and the corresponding Canadian strategy will set ideals into action. As such, it requires purposely designed principles that offer

stakeholders clear direction to meet targets, and should include the following four suggestions: • Set Standards: Central to transitioning from intention to action is setting parameters and goals for assessing success, and a clear plan that the marketplace can follow. This includes creating product standards and specifications that improve links between production, consumption and recycling activities. For example, the current untethered use of

ting Celebraars 25 Ye

October 2018 www.recyclingproductnews.com

61

LASTWORD the universal recycling symbol disconnects consumer use from recycling market realities, and allows producers to make recycling claims without knowing if their product or package actually makes it to a recycling end-market.

• Define Recycling: As a key pillar of the circular economy and component of measuring success against goals, definitions must be refined as we expand collection of plastic discards for reintegration into production cycles. Recycling, in its current catch-all definition, as understood by the public, does not carry the same connotations amongst policy makers, producers, recyclers and environmental groups. Defining terminology will no doubt be a contentious exercise, but it is absolutely critical for a national strategy to succeed.

• Scope the Objective: Identifying problematic material will determine points of focus for enacting meaningful change. For example, specific products have become global symbols of the plastics problem, including straws, single-use bags and fishing nets. These materials are problematic for different reasons, which means their solutions will vary. Some are designed for single use, some are not highly valued or are difficult to manage in recycling markets. Do they contribute to litter but remain recyclable? Are they over-consumed, and therefore over-disposed? Each material that causes pollution has a unique solution through regulation, design and education.

• Use Accountable and Transparent Reporting: While businesses and governments announce various commitments, it is independent tracking, quantifying and, most importantly, verifying contributions, that are at the heart of accurately measuring returns and meeting a myriad of lofty goals.

Plans are only good intentions until they turn into hard work. We are seeing a bevy of directives around the world aimed at plastic waste that require considerable coordination, both upstream and downstream. In doing so, we will have to adopt new thinking, new habits and new expectations. With the contemporary, renewed focus on properly managing plastic waste, including the G7 Oceans Plastic Charter, we have reason to be optimistic that this challenge can be met.

Jo-Anne St. Godard is the executive director of the Recycling Council of Ontario.

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