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Avcbvi ¯§vU©‡dv‡b wKDAvi †KvW e¨envi Ki‡Z PvB‡j cÖ_‡gB ¸Mj †c­‡÷vi A_ev A¨vcj †÷vi †_‡K webvg~‡j¨i wKDAvi mdUIq¨vi (†hgb : I-NIGMA BARCODE SCANNER)

Bb÷j Ki“b| Gici mdUIq¨viwU Pvjy Ki“b Ges Avcbvi †gvevBj †dv‡bi K¨v‡giv Ab K‡i wKDAvi †Kv‡Wi Ici a‡i _vKzb| Gi d‡j wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨ Avcwb Kvwj I Kjg I‡qemvB‡U †cuŠ‡Q hv‡eb|

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AvBm wgwWqv wjwg‡U‡Wi c‡¶ Aveyj Lv‡qi KZ…©K Kzkj †m›Uvi, c­U 29, †m±i 3, DËiv Av/G, XvKv-1230 †_‡K cÖK vwkZ Ges Gg †K wcÖ›Uvm© A¨vÛ c¨v‡KwRs, 189/G †ZRMuvI wk/G, XvKv-1208 †_‡K gyw`ªZ | m¤úv`Kxq I evwYwR¨K Kvh©v jq : †e½j †m›Uvi, c­U 2, wmwfj Gwf‡qkb, wbD Gqvi‡cvU© †ivW, wLj‡¶Z, XvKv-1229| †dvb : + [880 2] 09666773311, 01551888111, 01551888000 B-†gBj : mail@kaliokalam.com| I‡qe : www.kaliokalam.com

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iex›`ªbv‡_i MvbB Zuv‡K †Pbvi me †_‡K mnR Dcvq| Zuvi Mvb Zuvi msMxZ-fvebv‡K Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q g~Z© K‡i †Zv‡j| wbR nv‡Z mvwR‡q †`Iqv MxZweZv‡bi cÖ_g Mvb¸‡jv, †h¸‡jv Zuvi Mv‡bi Mvb, Zuvi cÖ_g MvbwU‡Z wZwb `ytL-my‡Li †XD †Ljv‡bv c„w_ex‡Z wPiRxeb Mv‡bi Wvjv e‡q hvevi B”Qvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| Kvbœvnvwmi-†`vj-†`vjv‡bv †cŠl-dv¸‡bi cvjv, Zvwi g‡a¨ wPiRxeb eBe Mv‡bi Wvjv Ñ GB wK †Zvgvi Lywk, Avgvq ZvB civ‡j gvjv my‡ii-MÜ-Xvjv| fv‡jvjvMv, fv‡jvevmvq msMxZ‡K mvivRxeb m½x K‡i‡Qb| e‡j‡Qb ÔjvMj fv‡jv, gb †fvjv‡jv GB K_vUvB †M‡q †eovB|Õ Kwe wek¦vm Ki‡Zb, wek¦m„wói m‡½ msMx‡Zi Mfxi m¤úK© Av‡Q| GB wek¦ Zuvi Kv‡Q GK gnvmsMxZ e‡j g‡b n‡q‡Q| kvwš—wb‡KZb MÖš’gvjvi Ô†kvbvÕ bvgK cÖe‡Ü (5 †cŠl, 1315) Kwe wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔGB cÖKvÊ wecyj wek¦Mv‡bi eb¨v hLb mg¯— AvKvk Qvwc‡q Avgv‡`i wP‡Ëi Awfgy‡L Qy‡U Av‡m, ZLb Zv‡K GK c_ w`‡q MÖnY Ki‡ZB cvwi‡b, bvbv Øvi Ly‡j w`‡Z nq, †PvL w`‡q, ¯ú‡k©w›`ªq w`‡q, bvbv w`K w`‡q Zv‡K bvbv iKg K‡i wbB| GB GKZvb gnvmsMxZ‡K Avgiv †`wL ïwb QyuB ïuwK Av¯^v`b Kwi|Õ M‡`¨ †h-K_v e‡j‡Qb, Mv‡bI †m-K_vB e‡j‡Qb : wek¦exYvi‡e wek¦Rb †gvwn‡Q| ¯’‡j R‡j b‡fvZ‡j e‡b Dce‡b b`xÕb‡` wMwi¸nv-cvivev‡i wbZ¨ Rv‡M mim msMxZgaywigv, wbZ¨ b„Z¨imfw½gv| Ñ msMx‡Zi cÖvY Ñ kã, myi I evYx| cÖK…wZ‡Z cÖwZwbqZ KZ iK‡gi kã, evZv‡m Av‡›`vwjZ Mv‡Qi kã, b`xi e‡q Pjvi kã, †g‡Ni MR©b, cvwLi WvK, Ñ Gm‡ei wgwjZ kã msMxZ n‡q D‡V‡Q Kwei Kv‡Q| Abš— G-kã‡mªvZ Kwei Kv‡Q ïay mZ¨ bq, cÖK…wZ‡Z wbiš—i e‡q Pjv GB kã‡mªv‡Zi eb¨vq wecyj GB wek¦msMx‡Zi iƒcK wn‡m‡e cÖwZfvZ n‡q‡Q Zuvi Kv‡Q| GB AvKvk,

mgy`ª, c„w_ex Amxg, b`xi e‡q Pjv †hgb Awew”Qbœ, gvby‡li †mªvZUv‡K †Zgwb Amxg Avi Awew”Qbœ e‡j g‡b n‡q‡Q Kwei Kv‡Q| fv‡jvjvMv, fv‡jvevmvq wg‡k‡Q Kíbv, ïi“ n‡q‡Q Kve¨, msMx‡Zi b~Zb b~Zb Drmaviv| msMxZwPš—v MÖ‡š’ wek¦m„wói m‡½ msMx‡Zi m¤úK©, wb‡Ri msMxZm„wói †cÖiYv, ivM-ivwMYxi Aš—wb©wnZ Av‡e`b, msMx‡Z ivM-ivwMYxi e¨envi, msMx‡Zi g~jZË¡ wel‡q wewfbœ †jLvq Zuvi Mfxi Dcjwäi K_v `„pcÖZ¨‡qi m‡½ e¨³ n‡q‡Q| iex›`ªbv‡_i KweRxeb Ges msMxZRxe‡bi ïi“ cÖvq GKB mg‡q nIqvq Zuvi msMxZ-fvebvI ejv hvq GKB m‡½ mgvš—ivj P‡j‡Q| R‡b¥wQ‡jb aª“c`x msMxZ-PP©vgyLi cwiev‡i| †kLvi Av‡MB kÖeY ˆZwi n‡q wM‡qwQj| gnwl© †`‡e›`ªbv_ wb‡R aª“c` MvB‡Zb| mš—vb‡`iI gvM© msMxZwk¶vi e¨e¯’v K‡iwQ‡jb| fviZxq kv¯¿xq Ges aª“c`x msMx‡Zi wk¶K‡`i Kv‡Q Kwei msMx‡Zi wk¶vbwewk ce© ïi“ n‡qwQj| Kwe Aek¨ c‡i web‡qi m‡½ e‡jwQ‡jb, kv¯¿xq msMx‡Zi wk¶v Zuvi e¨_© n‡q‡Q| †Z‡iv eQi eq‡m cÖ_g Mvb iPbv, cÖ_gevi wejvZ †_‡K †divi ci evj¥xwK cÖwZfv MxwZbvU¨ iPbv, GQvov eªþmsMxZ I Ab¨vb¨ bvbv ai‡bi msMxZ iPbv Zuvi m„wó-cÖwZfv‡K mwµq †i‡LwQj ˆK‡kvi †_‡KB| msMxZ-wel‡q cÖ_g cÖeÜ ÔmsMxZ I fveÕ hLb iPbv K‡ib, ZLb Zuvi eqm gvÎ Kzwo eQi| 1881 mv‡j wØZxqevi wejvZ hvÎvi Av‡M wZwb cÖeÜwU iPbv K‡ib Ges †e_yb †mvmvBwUi GK mfvq cvV K‡ib| GB cÖe‡Ü wZwb D`vniYmn †evSv‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb Mv‡bi K_v‡K Mv‡bi my‡ii Øviv cwiùzU K‡i †Zvjv msMx‡Zi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨| Kwe Av‡iv e‡jwQ‡jb, fve cÖKvk KivB msMx‡Zi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨, ivM-ivwMYxi I¯—vw` wKsev wµqvKjvc †`Lv‡bv bq| G-K_v ejvi †cQ‡b nq‡Zv Zuvi e¨w³MZ Ges msMx‡Zi mgmvgwqK cÖPwjZ avivwUi K_vB g‡b wQj| wQbœcÎvejxi wPwV‡Z Avgiv †`Le fvecÖKv‡ki Rb¨ wZwb evYxweij ivM-ivwMYxi my‡ii Qvqvq wd‡i †M‡Qb| evj¥xwK cÖwZfv MxwZbv‡U¨i iPbvKvj 1287 e½vã Avi ÔmsMxZ I fveÕ cÖeÜwU iPbv K‡ib ˆR¨ô 1288 e½v‡ã| msMxZ-wel‡q Kwei Mfxi AbymwÜrmv Aíeqm †_‡KB Zuv‡K fvwe‡q‡Q, cÖkœwe× K‡i‡Q msMx‡Zi gyw³i c_ mÜv‡b| ÔmsMxZ I fveÕ cÖe‡Ü Kwe e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔmsMxZ m‡e RvwMqv DwVqv‡Q gvÎ, KvR fv‡jv Kwiqv Avi¤¢ nq bvBÕ Ñ evj¥xwK cÖwZfv iPbvi ga¨ w`‡q Kwe wb‡RB msMx‡Z †mB RvMi‡Yi m~Pbv Ki‡jb| hvÎv, cuvPvwj, nvd AvLovB-Aay¨wlZ Dwbk kZ‡Ki

evsjvq, ÔAvcb ü`‡qi †Mvcb weRb N‡iÕ mevi Aj‡¶ wb‡R‡K †h wZwb evsjv msMx‡Zi gyw³i w`kvwi wn‡m‡e ˆZwi KiwQ‡jb evj¥xwK cÖwZfv MxwZbvU¨ iPbvB Zvi cÖgvY| VvKzievwoi †PŠnwÏi g‡a¨ AwfbxZ n‡jI †m-mg‡q GB MxwZbvU¨ bZzb Avw½K, msMxZ Ges Awfbq-fvebvi ¯^v¶i †i‡LwQj| evj¥xwK Pwi‡Î Kwe wb‡RB Awfbq Ki‡Zb| evj¥xwK Pwi‡Îi m~² Aš—we©c­e, Zvi Aš—‡ii Ki“Yv Avi Av‡jvob Awfb‡qi ga¨ w`‡q Kwe Rxeš— K‡i Zzj‡Zb| evj¥xwK PwiÎ m„wó‡Z Zi“Y iex›`ªbv‡_i QvqvB cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q, KviY evj¥xwKi K_v iex›`ªbv‡_i wb‡Ri K_vB| Ôe¨vKzj n‡q e‡b e‡b/ åwg G‡Kjv k~b¨g‡b/ †K cyiv‡e †gvi KvZi cÖvY/ Ryov‡e wnqv myav ewil‡Y \Õ Ñ Kwei cÖv_©bv Avi evj¥xwKi K_v GK n‡q †M‡Q| cvw_©e mvdj¨ bq, A‡jŠwKK Avb›`B cv‡i cÖvwßi Avb‡›` gb fwi‡q w`‡Z| msMx‡Z mv‡ewKAvbv fvOvi †h cÖej B”Qv, Zuvi †mB B”Qvi cÖwZdjb GB MxwZbvU¨| MvqKiv †h ïay KZK¸wj †PZbvnxb Romy‡ii Ici msMxZ‡K ¯’vcb K‡ib wZwb Zvi we‡ivwaZv K‡iwQ‡jb| Kwe Zv‡K ÔRxeš— Agi fv‡eÕi Ici ¯’vcb Ki‡Z PvB‡jb| A‡bK c‡i Rxeb¯§„wZ‡Z hLb Zi“Y eq‡m †jLv msMxZ welqK iPbv¸‡jvi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb, ZLb Zuvi fvebv †_‡K A‡bK `~‡i m‡i †M‡Qb wZwb| Rxeb¯§„wZ‡Z Kwe wj‡L‡Qb, Ô... †h gZwU‡K ZLb GZ ¯úa©vi mv‡_ e¨³ KwiqvwQjvg †m gZwU †h mZ¨ bq, †m K_v AvR ¯^xKvi Kwie| MxwZKjvi wb‡RiB GKwU we‡kl cÖKw… Z I we‡kl KvR Av‡Q| Mv‡b hLb K_v _v‡K ZLb K_vi DwPZ nq bv, †mB my‡hv‡M Mvb‡K QvovBqv hvIqv| †mLv‡b †m Mv‡biB evnb gvÎ| Mvb wb‡Ri Hk¦‡h©B eo| ev‡K¨i `vmZ¡ †m †Kb Kwi‡Z hvB‡e! evK¨ †hLv‡b †kl nBqv‡Q †mBLv‡bB Mv‡bi Avi¤¢| †hLv‡b Awbe©Pbxq †mB Lv‡bB Mv‡bi cÖfve|Õ wQbœcÎvejxi wPwV¸‡jv‡Z msMx‡Zi †mB Awbe©Pbxq mylgvi K_v Kwe e‡j‡Qb, †hLv‡b Mvb wb‡Ri Hk¦‡h©B eo n‡q D‡V‡Q| 1287 e½vã evj¥xwK cÖwZfv MxwZbv‡U¨i iPbvKvj Avi BsivwR 1890 Ñ gv‡S †K‡U †M‡Q A‡bKUv mgq| GB mg‡qi g‡a¨ we”QywiZ n‡q‡Q Kwei m„wó cÖwZfvi wewPÎ m¤¢vi| mvwn‡Z¨, msMx‡Z cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q Zuvi Abb¨Zv| Zi“Y eq‡mi msMxZfvebv †_‡KI wZwb m‡i †M‡Qb `~‡i| we‡k¦i inm¨ ZLb Zuvi Kv‡Q Awbt‡kl| Acvi we¯§q Avi gy»Zvq cÖK…wZi Aciƒc †mŠ›`h© Ae‡jvKb K‡i‡Qb, we¯§‡q †R‡M D‡V‡Q Zuvi Mvb| AevK jv‡M fve‡j, KZ Zz‡”Qi g‡a¨ wZwb Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb cig g~j¨| Mv‡bi my‡i RxY© Zz”QZvI A‡_©i eÜbgy³ n‡q gnr fv‡ei ¯^M©‡jv‡K DËxY© K‡i w`‡q‡Q Zuv‡K| Rxe‡bi cig mZ¨ Mv‡bi ga¨ w`‡q e‡j‡Qb, Mv‡bi wfZi w`‡q hLb †`wL fzebLvwb ZLb Zv‡i wPwb Avwg, ZLb Zv‡i Rvwb| iex›`ªbv‡_i Mvb Zuvi KweRxe‡bi k~b¨¯’vb c~i‡Yi Rb¨ bq, Zuvi Mvb Ab¨me iPbv‡K Qvwc‡q hvIqv Ag„ZmÂvix GK m„wó, hv Zuvi Avcb Ôü`‡qi †Mvcb weRb N‡iÕ evmv †eu‡awQj Zuvi ˆkk‡eB| me wk‡íi m„wógyn~‡Z©i hš¿Yv †hgb Av‡Q, †Zgwb Av‡Q Avb›`| cÖme-†e`bvi g‡Zv| mvwnZ¨m„wói Aš—iv‡ji Avb›` KZfv‡e, fvlvq, Q‡›` Kwe ïwb‡q‡Qb, msMxZm„wó m¤ú‡K©I GKB iKg Avb›`Nb ˆKwdqZ w`‡q‡Qb| e‡j‡Qb ÔAcÖ‡qvR‡bi m„wóB Avb‡›`i m„wó|Õ me m„wói g~‡j i‡q‡Q jxjvgq iƒ‡ci cÖKvk| Kwei gb †mB cÖKv‡ki A‡nZzK Avb‡›` hLb †hvM w`‡Z cv‡i, ZLbB m„wói g~j Avb‡›` gb †cuŠ‡Q hvq|

msMxZ iPbv m¤ú‡K© Kwei †h-Avb›`gq ˆKwdqZ Zv n‡jv, Ôm„wói Aš—iZg GB A‡nZzK jxjvi imwU‡K hLb gb †c‡Z Pvq, ZLbB ev`kvwn †eKv‡ii g‡Zv †m Mvb wjL‡Z e‡m| PviLvwb cvcwo wb‡q GKLvwb †QvU RyuBdz‡ji GKUzLvwb Mvb hLb m¤ú~Y© n‡q I‡V ZLb †mB gnv‡Ljv N‡ii †g‡Ri Dc‡iB Zvi Rb¨ RvqMv Kiv nq, †mLv‡b hyM hyM a‡i MÖnb¶‡Îi †Ljv n‡”Q| †mLv‡b hyM Avi gyn~Z© GKwU, †mLv‡b m~h© Avi m~h©gwY dzj A‡f`vZ¥v, †mLv‡b muvS mKv‡ji †g‡N †h ivMivwMYx Avgvi Mv‡bi m‡½ Zvi Aš—‡ii wgj Av‡Q|Õ †ZlwÆ eQi eq‡mi GB Awfe¨w³ Kwei mvivRxe‡bi msMxZ-fvebvi g~j myiwU‡K Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Zz‡j a‡i| iex›`ªbv‡_i msMxZ-welqK me Av‡jvPbvB ü`q‡K bvov †`q, RvwM‡q †`q we¯§q-wegy»Zvq, KviY Gme Av‡jvPbv Zuvi Abykxj‡b PwP©Z we`¨v †_‡K AvnwiZ bq| Rxeb w`‡q DcjwämÄvZ| †gav, Dcjwä, AwfÁZvi AmvaviY †cÖiYvi dmj| msMx‡Zi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmvi K_v KZRb‡K KZfv‡e e‡j‡Qb, wewfbœ mg‡q wj‡L‡Qb Ñ Zvi meUzKzi cwiPq †`Iqv mnR bq| w`jxc Kzgvi iv‡qi m‡½ msMxZ-wel‡q Av‡jvPbvq Kwe e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvwg hLb Mvb euvwa ZLbB me‡P‡q Avb›` cvB| gb e‡j, cÖeÜ wjwL, e³„Zv w`B, KZ©e¨ Kwi, G meB Gi Kv‡Q Zz”Q|Õ Avwg GKevi wj‡LwQjvg, h‡e KvR Kwi cÖfz †`q †gv‡i gvb| h‡e Mvb Kwi, fv‡jvev‡m fMevb| G K_v ewj †Kb? Ñ GB R‡b¨ †h, Mv‡b †h-Av‡jv g‡bi g‡a¨ wewQ‡q hvq Zvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q GB w`e¨‡eva †h, hv cvevi bq, Zv‡KB †cjvg, Avcb K‡i, bZzb K‡i| GB †eva †h, Rxe‡bi nvRv‡iv Aevš—i msNl©, nvbvnvwb, ZK©vZwK© Gme Gi Zzjbvq evn¨ Ñ GB n‡jv mvie¯‘| †Kbbv, GB n‡jv Avb›`‡jv‡Ki e¯‘, †h-†jvK ˆRejxjvi Avw`g Drm| cÖKvkjxjvq Mvb wKbv me‡P‡q m~² Ñ ethereal Ñ ZvB †Zv †m Ac‡ii ¯^xK…wZi ¯’~jZvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| ïay ZvB bq, wb‡Ri ü`‡qi evYx‡K †m ivwO‡q †Zv‡j my‡i| †hgb a‡iv, hLb fv‡jvevmvi Mvb MvB ZLb cvB ïay Mv‡bi Avb›`‡KB bv; fv‡jvevmvi Dcjwä‡KI †g‡j Ggb GK bZzb ˆbwð‡Z¨i ga¨ w`‡q †h, gb e‡j †c‡qwQ Zv‡K †h Aaiv, †h Av‡jvKevmx, †h ÔKv‡Qi †_‡K †`q bv aiv Ñ `~‡ii †_‡K Wv‡K|Õ (msMxZwPš—v) Mvb n‡jv Avb›`‡jv‡Ki e¯‘, cÖKvkjxjvq me †_‡K m~², ¯^Mx©q, ZvB †m Kv‡iv ¯^xK…wZi ¯’~jZvi avi av‡i bv| msMxZwPš—v MÖ‡š’ wQbœcÎvejx †_‡K 16wU wPwV msKwjZ n‡q‡Q| wPwV¸‡jv Kwei msMxZ-fvebv‡K aviY K‡i Av‡Q| ev‡ivwU wPwV wkjvB`n, cwZmi, kvnRv`cyi †_‡K †jLv, PviwU †jLv n‡q‡Q KjKvZv †_‡K| wQbœcÎ †jLvi mgq Ges †cÖ¶vcU Rvbv _vK‡j Kwei IB mg‡qi gvbwmK, mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi QwewUI Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q ¯úó nq| msMx‡Z Av‡Mi Ae¯’vb †_‡K wZwb KZUv `~‡i m‡i G‡m‡Qb, wPwV¸‡jv Zuvi †mB fvebv‡KI Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Zz‡j a‡i| Zi“Y eq‡m †h-K_v e‡jwQ‡jb, †h-wek¦vm Zuvi msMxZwPš—v‡K †m mgq cÖfvweZ K‡iwQj, Mv‡bi K_vB KÉmsMx‡Zi †¶‡Î gyL¨ f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i, †mLvb †_‡KI m‡i G‡m‡Qb| 1894 mv‡j Bw›`iv †`ex‡K †jLv wQbœcÎvejxi GKwU wPwV‡Z evYxweij myigMœZvq Av”QbœZvi Lei Rvwb‡q Kwe wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔAvgvi my‡ii m‡½ KZ UzK‡iv UzK‡iv

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K_v †h Avwg Rywo Zvi Avi msL¨v †bB Ñ Gme GK jvB‡bi Mvb mg¯— w`b KZ Rg‡Q Ges KZ wemR©b w`w”Q| ixwZg‡Zv e‡m †m¸‡jv‡K cy‡iv Mv‡b euva‡Z B”Qv Ki‡Q bv| ... AvR mg¯— mKvj wbZvš— mv`vwmav ˆfiex ivwMYx‡Z †h †MvUv `yB-wZb QÎ µgvMZ Ave„wË KiwQjyg †mUzK g‡b Av‡Q Ges bgybv ¯^iƒ‡c wb‡æ DׄZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ñ I‡Mv Zzwg be be iƒ‡c G‡mv cÖv‡Y| (Avgvi wbZ¨be!)

G‡mv MÜ eiY Mv‡b| Avwg †h w`‡K wbiwL Zzwg G‡mv †n Avgvi gy» gyw`Z bqv‡b| (wQbœcÎvejx, KjKvZv, 21 b‡f¤^i 1894) ˆfiex‡Z ÔI‡Mv Zzwg be be iƒ‡c G‡mv cÖv‡YÕi `yB-GK jvBb wj‡LB Kwe ZLb Lywk| ïi“ n‡qwQj Ôgvqvi †LjvÕ †_‡KB, †hLv‡b Mv‡bi i‡mB mg¯— gb wQj Awfwl³| wQbœcÎvejxi Avðh© eY©bvgq iPbvi ga¨ w`‡q Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi Kxfv‡e Zuvi gb gMœ n‡”Q my‡ii RM‡Z| iex›`ªb v_ Rxeb¯§„wZ wj‡LwQ‡jb cwiYZ eq‡m †cuŠ‡Q (50), †mLv‡b Rxe‡bi cÖ_g cuwPk eQ‡ii K_v e‡j `uvwo †U‡b w`‡jb| Rxeb¯§„wZ‡Z hv e‡jbwb †mB bv-ejv K_vi my‡ii †Quvqvq f‡i D‡V‡Q wQbœc‡Îi wPwV¸‡jv| cuwPk †_‡K †PŠwÎk eQi eq‡mi iex›`ªbv‡_i Rxeb Ges fvebvi Aš—i½ Qwe dz‡U D‡V‡Q wQbœcÎvejxi wPwVi cvZvq cvZvq| 1890 †_‡K 1900 Ñ GB `k eQi wQj Kwei Rxe‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `k eQi| ¸i“Z¡c~Y© G-Kvi‡Y †h, GB mg‡q Zuvi Rxe‡b N‡U †M‡Q A‡bK cwieZ©b| iex›`ª-RxebxKvi cÖfvZKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi g~j¨evb MÖš’ †_‡K Rvb‡Z cvwi, 1890 †_‡K 1910 GB wek eQi iex›`ªbv‡_i Rxe‡b me †_‡K Ô¸i“Z¡c~Y©, me †_‡K msKUgq, me †_‡K AvZ¥-AwfÁvb A‡š^lvq PÂj wek eQi|Õ GB mg‡q Kwei D‡ØM, hš¿Yv, DrKÉv, Zuvi mvgvwRK, ˆbwZK, ivwóªK I e¨w³MZ Rxeb I K‡g©i ¯^iƒc m¤^‡Ü mv¤úÖwZKKv‡ji M‡elYv †_‡KI A‡bK wKQy Rvbv hvq| A‡b‡Ki g‡Z, AvZ¥-AwfÁvb A‡š^lvq PÂj GB wek eQ‡ii Av‡M wZwb hv wKQy †f‡e‡Qb Ges K‡i‡Qb Zv †hb GK wnmv‡e Gi Rb¨B ˆZwi n‡q IVv, Avi Gi c‡i hv wKQyB K‡i‡Qb Zv Gi cÖf v‡eB µgcwiYvg| 1890 †_‡K 1900 mvj Ñ GB mg‡q iex›`ªb v_ KjKvZv kn‡i bvMwiK Rxe‡bi wkKonxb AvaywbKZvi evB‡ii PvKwPK¨ Avi †RŠjym †_‡K, Zvi ¯^v_©‡Kw›`ªK Rxe‡bi e„Ë †_‡K `~‡i cÙvcv‡ii Rxe‡b w¯’Zz n‡q wP‡b wbw”Q‡jb MÖvgevsjv‡K| cÙvcv‡ii Rxeb, Gi AK…wÎg AÜKvi AvKvk, w`Mš—-we¯—…Z mgZj, wbR©b-bxieZv, b`x, mnR-mij gvby‡li mvwbœa¨ Zuv‡K Rxeb, mgvR, msmvi‡K bZzb fv‡e

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†`Lv-Rvbvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡qwQj| wQbœcÎvejxi 3-msL¨K wPwV‡Z Kwe Zuvi gy»Zvi K_v wj‡L‡Qb Ñ Ôc„w_ex †h ev¯—weK wK Avðh© my›`ix Zv KjKvZvq _vK‡j fz‡j †h‡Z nq| GB †h †QvU b`xi av‡i kvwš—gq MvQcvjvi g‡a¨ m~h© cÖwZw`b A¯— hv‡”Q, Ges GB Abš— a~mi wbR©b, wbtkã P‡ii Dc‡i cÖwZiv‡Î kZ mnmª b¶‡Îi wbtkã Afz¨`q n‡”Q, RMr msmv‡i G †h Kx GKUv Avðh© gnr NUbv Zv GLv‡b _vK‡j Z‡e †evSv hvq|Õ 1890-Gi K‡qK eQi Av‡M †_‡K MÖvgevsjvi m‡½ Avmv-hvIqvi ga¨ w`‡q Av‡¯— Av‡¯— M‡o D‡VwQj Kwei m¤úK©| 1890-Gi ci †_‡K Zv Av‡iv wbqwgZ n‡q D‡VwQj| 1895 mv‡j Kwei gb hLb msmvi-mgv‡Ri bvbv Amvgćm¨ cxwoZ, MÖvgRxe‡bi AwZ`wi`ª, weg~p, Rwg`vi-kvwmZ gvby‡li `ytLK‡ói m‡½ cÖwZw`b Zuvi cÖZ¨¶ cwiPq n‡”Q, ZLb gv‡S gv‡S msMx‡Zi myavi‡m Wze w`‡Z B‡”Q n‡q‡Q Zuvi| wQbœcÎvejxi 211msL¨K wPwV‡Z Kwe wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔAvgv‡`i Kv‡Q

1890 †_‡K 1900 mvj Ñ GB mg‡q iex›`ªbv_ KjKvZv kn‡i bvMwiK Rxe‡bi wkKonxb AvaywbKZvi evB‡ii PvKwPK¨ Avi †RŠjym †_‡K, Zvi ¯^v_©‡Kw›`ªK Rxe‡bi e„Ë †_‡K `~‡i cÙvcv‡ii Rxe‡b w¯’Zz n‡q wP‡b wbw”Q‡jb MÖvgevsjv‡K| Avgv‡`i cÖwZw`‡bi msmviUv wVK mvgÄm¨gq bq Ñ Zvi †Kv‡bv Zz”Q Ask nq‡Zv AcwiwgZ e‡ov, ¶zavZ…òv SMovSuvwU Avivg e¨vivg UzwKUvwK LyuwUbvwU wLwUwgwU GB¸wjB cÖ‡ Z¨K eZ©gvb gyn~Z©‡K KÈwKZ K‡i Zzj‡Q, wKš‘ msMxZ Zvi wb‡Ri wfZiKvi my›`i mvgćm¨i Øviv gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ †hb Kx-GK †gvng‡š¿ mg¯— msmviwU‡K Ggb GKwU cvim‡cKwU‡fi g‡a¨ `uvo Kivq †hLv‡b Ii ¶z`ª ¶Y¯’vqx AmvgÄm¨¸‡jv Avi †Pv‡L c‡o bv Ñ GKUv mgMÖ GKUv e„nr GKUv wbZ¨ mvgÄm¨ Øviv mg¯— c„w_ex Qwei g‡Zv n‡q Av‡m Ges gvby‡li Rb¥-g„Zz¨ nvwm-Kvbœv f‚Z-fwel¨r Ñ eZ©gv‡bi ch©v‡q GKwU KweZvi mKi“Y Q‡›`i g‡Zv Kv‡b ev‡R| †mB m‡½ Avgv‡`iI wbR wbR e¨w³MZ cÖejZv ZxeªZvi n«vm n‡q Avgiv A‡bKUv jNy n‡q hvB Ges GKwU msMxZgqx we¯—xY©Zvi g‡a¨ AwZ mn‡R AvZ¥wemR©b K‡i w`B|Õ m¤ú~Y© wPwVwUB GLv‡b DׄZ Kiv n‡jv| wPwVwU †jLv n‡q‡Q KjKvZv †_‡K, 2 †g 1895 mv‡j| msMxZ Zuvi †gvng‡š¿ msmv‡i Zz” QZv-KÈwKZ AmvgÄm¨c~Y© eZ©gvb‡K `~‡i mwi‡q GKUv mgMÖ, GKUv mvgÄm¨ w`‡q c„w_ex‡K Qwei g‡Zv my›`i

K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i| msMx‡Zi my‡i e¨w³MZ Rxe‡bi fvi ZxeªZv, cÖejZv n«vm cvq, gb ZLb jNy n‡q GKwU msMxZgqx we¯—xY©Zvi g‡a¨ AwZ mn‡R AvZ¥wemR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB wPwV Kwe hLb wj‡L‡Qb ZLb wek¦‡Rvov msKU, †`‡k gyw³-Av‡›`vj‡bi mgm¨v, e¨w³MZ Rxe‡bi bvbv Aemv` Kwe‡K welv`MÖ¯— K‡i †i‡LwQj| wKš‘ GB Aemv`, K¬vwš—‡K AwZµg K‡i GwM‡q †h‡Z n‡e Ñ GB †eva GB mg‡q iwPZ Zuvi Mv‡b cÖej n‡q D‡V‡Q| GB mg‡qB wZwb wj‡L‡Qb ÔwPË wccvwmZ †iÕ, ÔZzwg i‡e bxi‡e ü`‡q ggÕ, ÔZzwg be be iƒ‡c G‡mv cÖv‡YÕ, ÔAvb›`aviv ewn‡Q fze‡bÕ, ÔKx ivwMYx evRv‡j ü`‡qÕ, ÔG Kx AvKzjZv fze‡bÕ cÖf„wZi g‡Zv me Mvb| mgvR, msmv‡ii †h-Amvgćm¨i K_v wZwb wPwV‡Z wj‡LwQ‡jb, hv Zuv‡K †mB gyn~‡Z© cxwoZ KiwQj, GB Mvb¸‡jv‡Z e¨w³MZ †mB cÖejZvi ZxeªZv we›`ygvÎ †bB| Rxeb¯§„wZ MÖ‡š’i ÔMvb m¤^‡Ü cÖeÜÕ wk‡ivbvg-Aa¨v‡q Kwe wj‡L‡Qb, Ô†hLv‡b Awbe©Pbxq †mBLv‡bB Mv‡bi cÖfve| evK¨ hvnv ewj‡Z cv‡i bv Mvb ZvnvB e‡j|Õ 1895-Gi 20 †m‡Þ¤^i wkjvB`n †_‡K †jLv wQbœc‡Îi GKwU wPwV‡Z msMxZwel‡q GKB K_v e‡j‡Qb Ñ ÔmsMx‡Zi g‡Zv Ggb Avðh© B›`ªRvjwe`¨v RM‡Z Avi wKQyB †bB Ñ G GK b~Zb m„wóKZ©v| Avwg †Zv †f‡e cvB‡b Ñ msMxZ GKUv bZzb gvqvRMr m„wó K‡i bv GB cyivZb RM‡Zi Aš—iZg Aciƒc wbZ¨ivR¨ D`&NvwUZ K‡i †`q| Mvb cÖf…wZ KZK¸wj wRwbm Av‡Q hv gvbyl‡K GB K_v e‡j †`q †h, Ô†Zvgiv RM‡Zi mKj wRwbm‡K hZB cwi®‹vi eyw×Mg¨ Ki‡Z †Póv K‡iv-bv †Kb Gi Avmj wRwbmUvB Awbe©PbxqÕ Ges ZviB m‡½ Avgv‡`i g‡g©i gg©vwš—K †hvM Ñ ZviB R‡b¨ Avgv‡`i GZ `ytL, GZ myL, GZ e¨vKzjZv|Õ msMxZ GK Avðh© B›`ªRvjwe`¨v, A‡jŠwKK kw³, hv bZzb GKwU gvqvRMr m„wó K‡i, cyi‡bv wPi‡Pbv RM‡Zi Aš—iv‡j jywK‡q _vKv Aš—iZg Aciƒc wbZ¨ivR¨ D`&NvwUZ K‡i| ePb †hLv‡b e¨_© †mLv‡bB Awbe©Pbxq, hZB Avgiv eyw× w`‡q †evSvB, ev‡K¨i ci evK¨ mvRvB, Kwei g‡Z, †hUv eyS‡Z PvB, Rvb‡Z PvB, †mB Avmj wRwbmUvB †Zv Awbe©Pbxq, Avi Zvi m‡½B Avgv‡`i cÖv‡Yi †hvM, Zv‡K Rvb‡ZB Avgv‡`i GZ `ytL, myL Avi e¨vKzjZv| msMx‡Zi H›`ªRvwjK kw³i K_v Kwe eû RvqMvq eûfv‡e e‡j‡Qb| wPwVwU †jLv n‡qwQj wkjvB`n †_‡K, 20 †m‡Þ¤^i 1895 mv‡j| iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi my`xN© m„wókxj Rxe‡b msMxZ‡K me©vwaK g~j¨ w`‡q‡Qb Ñ GK_v ej‡j Zuvi Ab¨vb¨ m„wó‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡eB jNy Kiv nq bv| Mv‡bi my‡i wZwb †R‡M‡Qb, cÖvY-gb f‡i D‡V‡Q Avb‡›`| my‡ii m‡½ wQj Zuvi AvZ¥vi wbweo †hvM| Zuvi Kwe-ü`‡qi †cÖiYvI Mv‡bi my‡ii m‡½ Muv_v n‡q Av‡Q| G-cÖm‡½ Rxeb¯§„wZ‡Z Zuvi Rxe‡b msMx‡Zi cÖfve wel‡q g‡bvig Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| Kwe wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔwPiKvjB Mv‡bi myi Avgvi g‡b GKUv Awbe©Pbxq Av‡eM Dcw¯’Z K‡i| GL‡bv KvRK‡g©i gvSLv‡b nVvr GKUv Mvb ïwb‡j Avgvi Kv‡Q GK gyn~‡Z©B mg¯— msmv‡ii fvevš—i nBqv hvq| GB mg¯— †Pv‡L †`Lvi ivR¨ Mv‡b-†kvbvi ga¨ w`‡q nVvr GKUv Kx b~Zb A_© jvf K‡i| nVvr g‡b nq Avgiv †h RM‡Z AvwQ we‡kl Kwiqv †Kej Zvnvi GKUv Zjvi m‡½B m¤úK© ivwLqvwQ GB Av‡jv‡Ki Zjv, e¯‘i Zjv Ñ wKš‘ GB‡UB mg¯—Uv bq|... Mv‡bi my‡i hLb Aš—tKi‡Yi mg¯— Zš¿x Kuvwcqv D‡V ZLb A‡bK mgq Avgvi Kv‡Q GB `„k¨gvb RMr †hb AvKvi-AvqZbnxb evYxi

fv‡i Avcbv‡K e¨³ Kwi‡Z †Póv K‡i Ñ ZLb †hb eywS‡Z cvwi RMrUv‡K †hfv‡e Rvwb‡ZwQ Zvnv Qvov KZiKgfv‡eB †h Zvnv‡K Rvbv hvB‡Z cvwiZ Zvnv Avgiv wKQyB Rvwb bv|Õ iex›`ªbv‡_i msMxZ-Av‡jvPbv †Kv‡bv ˆeÁvwbK we‡k­lY bq, `vk©wb‡Ki ZË¡g~jK Mfxi †Kv‡bv Av‡jvPbvI bq| msMxZ‡K wZwb cÖK…wZ I cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K †_‡K eyS‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| Rxeb hLb Zz”QZvi RÄv‡j cwiKxY© n‡q I‡V, msMx‡Zi mylgv †mB RÄvj mwi‡q Rxe‡b Av‡b mvgÄm¨, †mŠ›`h©, cÖkvwš—| msMxZRxeb‡K RvMÖZ K‡i, m„wói c‡_, K‡g©i c‡_ GwM‡q hvIqvi kw³ †`q| wQbœcÎ †jLvi mgq Kwei gb K_vwbi‡c¶fv‡e ivM-ivwMYxi my‡ i gy» n‡q‡Q| ˆfiex, gyjZvb, c~iex, ivg‡Kwj, BgbKj¨v‡Yi my‡i f‡i D‡V‡Q Zuvi gb, Zuvi w`b-ivwÎ| GB mg‡q cÖK…wZi m‡½ Mv‡bi Mfxi m¤úK© Avwe®‹v‡i Zuvi gb K…Zv_© n‡q‡Q| cÖK…wZi m‡½ Mv‡bi †h wbweo m¤úK© †m-m¤^‡Ü 26 †m‡Þ¤^i 1895 mv‡j wkjvB`n †_‡K wQbœcÎvejxi GKwU wPwV‡Z Kwe wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔcÖK…wZi m‡½ Mv‡bi hZ wbKU m¤úK© Ggb Avi wKQy bv Ñ Avwg wbðq Rvwb GLwb hw` Avwg Rvbjvi evB‡i `„wó †i‡L ivg‡Kwj fuvR‡Z Avi¤¢ Kwi Zv n‡j GB †iŠ`ªiwÄZ my`~iwe¯—…Z k¨vgjbxj cÖK…wZ gš¿gy» nwiYxi g‡Zv Avgvi g‡g©i Kv‡Q G‡m Avgv‡K Ae‡jnb Ki‡Z _vK‡e| hZevi cÙvi Dci el©v nq ZZeviB g‡b Kwi †gNgj­v‡i GKUv bZzb el©vi Mvb iPbv Kwi... K_v †Zv H GKB Ñ e„wó co‡Q, †gN K‡i‡Q, we`y¨r PgKv‡”Q| wKš‘ Zvi wfZiKvi wbZ¨b~Zb Av‡eM, Abvw`-Abš— wein-†e`bv, †mUv †Kej Mv‡bi my‡i LvwbKUv cÖKvk cvq|Õ wPwVwU‡Z cÖK…wZi m‡½ Mv‡bi wbweo m¤ú‡K©i K_v ej‡Z wM‡q Aciƒc GKwU wPÎKí †hgb e¨envi K‡i‡Qb, †Zgwb ivM-ivwMYxi †fZiKvi wbZ¨b~Zb Av‡eM, Abvw`-Abš— wein-†e`bv hv †Kej Mv‡bi my‡i cÖKvk cvq Zvi K_vI e‡j‡Qb| Zi“Y eq‡mi msMxZ-fvebvq ivM-ivwMYxi cwi‡ekbvq I¯—vw` wµqvKjv‡ci cÖwZ Kwei weiƒcZv †kl Aewa A¶zYœ wQj, wKš‘ ivM-ivwMYxi Aš—wb©wnZ m~² Av‡e`b‡K Zuvi ms‡e`bkxj gb KL‡bv AMÖvn¨ K‡iwb| cÖKvkjxjvq Mvb †h me †_‡K m~², ü`‡qi evYx‡K †h Zv my‡i ivwO‡q †Zv‡j, ivM-ivwMYxi my‡ii ¯ú‡k© Zv cÖùywUZ nq, Avcbv‡K DRvo K‡i †g‡j a‡i| ivM-ivwMYxi `vmZ¡ bq, msMx‡Z fve cÖKvk KivB ivM-ivwMYxi D‡Ïk¨| Kwe wek¦vm Ki‡Zb Avgv‡`i kv¯¿xq ivM-ivwMYx¸‡jv ¯§„wZ‡K RvwM‡q †`q| Mfxi †Kv‡bv †kvK-`ytL n‡Z cv‡i, †mB †kvK wcÖqRb nvivevi †kvK, Mfxi †mB †kv‡KI †Kv‡bv ivwMYxi myi cv‡i ¯§„wZ‡K RvwM‡q w`‡Z| ˆfiex wQj Kwei wcÖq ivwMYx| Ôˆfiex †hb mg¯— m„wói Aš—iZg weine¨vKzjZv|Õ (ÔQ‡›`i A_©Õ, ˆPÎ 1324) ˆfiexi Ki“Y myi g‡bi Mfx‡i myß ¯§„wZ‡K RvwM‡q †kv‡Ki evZ©v wb‡q Av‡m| gvbmx Kv‡e¨i Ôˆfiex MvbÕ KweZvi K‡qKwU jvBb DׄZ Ki‡j †m-K_v †evSv hv‡e Ñ nvq AZ…ß hZ gnr evmbv †Mvcbgg©`vwnbx, GB Avcbv gvSv‡i ﮋ Rxebevwnbx| IB ˆfiex w`qv Muvw_qv Muvw_qv iwPe wbivkvKvwnbx| wcÖqRb nviv‡bvi †kvK ey‡K wb‡qB Kwe wj‡LwQ‡jb KweZvwU| wcÖqRb nviv‡bvi k~b¨Zv †h nZvkv-ˆbivk¨ m„wó K‡i, msMxZ,

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ivM-ivwMYxi myi †mB †kvK-k~b¨Zv‡K mwi‡q AZxZ ¯§„wZi myiwf‡Z gb‡K wdwi‡q wb‡q hvq| mnR-KwVb ؇›Ø-Q‡›` Pjv Rxeb ivM-ivwMYxi my‡i †R‡M I‡V| ¯§„wZ‡K mvg‡b G‡b †`q| welYœZvq welv‡` ev‡R ˆfiex| †fv‡ii GB ivwMYx †hb RM‡Zi cÖvY‡K›`ª †_‡K †ewi‡q Avmw³nxb GK e¨_vi myi Qwo‡q †`q AvKv‡k-evZv‡m| wbweo GK cÖkvwš— ZLb e¨w³MZ `ytL-†kvK‡K Avovj K‡i| ˆfiexi †Kvgj c`©v¸‡jv wPiwei‡ni e¨_v‡K wPiwgj‡bi Avk¦v‡m cwiYZ K‡i| 1894 mv‡ji 21 b‡f¤^i KjKvZv †_‡K †jLv GKwU wPwV‡Z we‡qvM‡kvKKvZi msmv‡ii †fZi wPi¯’vqx myMfxi †h `ytL ˆfiexi myi Zv‡K weMwjZ K‡i †ei K‡i wb‡q Av‡m, †m-K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Kwe wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔKg©wK¬ó m‡›`ncxwoZ we‡qvM‡kvKKvZi msmv‡ii wfZiKvi †h wPi¯’vqx myMfxi `ytLwU, ˆfiex ivwMYx‡Z †mBwU‡K G‡Kev‡i weMwjZ K‡i †ei K‡i wb‡q Av‡m| gvby‡l gvby‡l m¤ú‡K©i g‡a¨ †h-GKwU wbZ¨‡kvK wbZ¨fq wbZ¨wgbwZi fve Av‡Q, Avgv‡`i û`q D`&NvUb K‡i ˆfiex †mB KvbœvwU‡K gy³ K‡i †`q Ñ Avgv‡`i †e`bvi m‡½ RMبvcx †e`bvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i †`q| mwZ¨B †Zv Avgv‡`i wKQyB ¯’vqx bq, wKš‘ cÖK…wZ Kx GK A™¢yZ gš¿e‡j †mB K_vwUB Avgv‡`i me©`v fzwj‡q †i‡L‡Q Ñ †mB R‡b¨B Avgiv Drmv‡ni mwnZ msmv‡ii KvR Ki‡Z cvwi| ˆfiex‡Z †mB wPimZ¨ †mB g„Zz¨‡e`bv cÖKvk n‡q c‡o, Avgv‡`i GB K_v e‡j †`q †h, Avgiv hv-wKQy Rvwb Zvi wKQyB _vK‡e bv Ges hv wPiKvj _vK‡e Zvi Avgiv wKQyB Rvwb‡b|Õ AmvaviY GB wPwV‡Z ïay msMxZ bq, Rxe‡bi Mfxi mZ¨ D`&NvUb K‡i Zvi gy‡LvgywL `uvo Kwi‡q w`‡q‡Qb Avgv‡`i| cÖK…wZi †gvnb iƒc Avi gš¿e‡j Kg©wK¬ó, we‡qvM‡kvKKvZi msmv‡ii †fZi evmv †eu‡a _vKv wPi¯’vqx myMfxi †h-`ytL, wbZ¨bZzb K‡g©i cÖejZvq hv‡K Avgiv fz‡j _vwK, ˆfiexi myi †mB Kvbœv‡K gy³ K‡i w`‡q RM‡Z Qwo‡q _vKv Kvbœvi m‡½ Avgv‡`i e¨_vi †hvMm~ÎwU ¯’vcb K‡i †`q| wKQyB †h ¯’vqx bq, meB †h A-wbZ¨, f½yi, †mB wPimZ¨, †mB g„Zz¨-†e`bv ˆfiexi my‡i cÖKvk n‡q c‡o| ZvB †evanq mKvj‡ejvi Av‡jvq we`vqe¨_vi ˆfiexi myi ev‡R| msMxZwPš—v MÖ‡š’ wQbœcÎvejxi Av‡iv `ywU wPwV‡Z ˆfiex ivwMYxi welYœ Ki“Y Av‡e`‡bi D‡j­L Av‡Q| 1889-Gi Ry‡b KjKvZv †_‡K †jLv wPwV Ñ Ôˆfiex my‡ii †gvPo¸‡jv Kv‡b G‡j RM‡Zi cÖwZ GK iKg wewPÎ fv‡ei D`q nq... g‡b nq GKUv wbq‡gi n¯— AwekÖvg AvwM©Yh‡š¿i nvZv †Nviv‡”Q Ges †mB Nl©Y‡e`bvq mg¯— wek¦eªþv‡Êi gg©¯’j n‡Z GKUv M¤¢xi KvZi Ki“Y ivwMYx D”Q¡wmZ n‡q DV‡Q Ñ mKvj †ejvKvi m~‡h©i mg¯— Av‡jv ¤­vb n‡q G‡m‡Q, MvQcvjviv wb¯—ä n‡q Kx †hb ïb‡Q, Ges AvKvk GKUv wek¦e¨vcx AkÖ“i ev‡®ú †hb Av”Qbœ n‡q i‡q‡Q Ñ A_©vr, `~i AvKv‡ki w`‡K PvB‡j g‡b nq †hb GKUv Awb‡gl bxj †PvL †Kej QjQj K‡i †P‡q Av‡Q|Õ KweZvq Mv‡bi ivM-ivwMYx m¤ú‡K© †h Dcjwäi K_v e‡j‡Qb, wQbœcÎvejxi wPwV‡ZI †mB Dcjwäi cÖwZaŸwb ïwb| G cÖm‡½ D‡j­L Kiv hvq Kwo I †Kvg‡ji Ô†NvwMqvÕ Ges gvbmx Kv‡e¨i Ôˆfiex MvbÕ KweZv `ywUi K_v| ivM-ivwMYxi myi¸‡jv †hb RM‡Zi Aš—¯—j †_‡K D‡V G‡m AvKv‡k-evZv‡m Avmw³nxb GK e¨_vi eb¨v Qwo‡q †`q| e¨w³MZ †kvK-`yt‡Li nvnvKvi `~‡i wM‡q Mfxi kvwš—i evZ©v AvKv‡k-evZv‡m Qwo‡q c‡o, wPiwei‡ni e¨_v‡K wPiwgj‡bi Avk¦v‡m cwiYZ K‡i|

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wQbœcÎvejxi wPwV¸‡jv‡Z Kwe ivM-ivwMYxi my‡ii Av‡e`b g‡bi Ici †h †gvn-gvqvRvj we¯—vi K‡i †m m¤ú‡K© we¯—…Zfv‡e e‡j‡Qb| GB mgq K_vi KznK †_‡K m‡i wM‡q cÖK…wZi wbwk&Q`ª bxieZvq my‡ii B›`ªRv‡j Wze w`‡Z †P‡q‡Q Zuvi gb| †Kv‡bv ivwMYxi Ki“Y-gayi ¯§„wZRvMvwbqv my‡ii g‡a¨ e‡q P‡j e¨_vnxb my‡ii aviv| †kv‡Ki g‡a¨I ZvB m„wói kw³‡K Lyu‡R wb‡q‡Qb ivM-ivwMYxi my‡i Wz‡e wM‡q| gvbmx Kv‡e¨i Ôˆfiex MvbÕ wb`vi“Y †Kv‡bv g„Zz¨‡kvK †_‡KB DrmvwiZ| wQbœcÎvejxi 16wU wPwVi g‡a¨B G-†jLv mxgve×| wQbœc‡Îi cÖ_g 13wU wPwV 1885 †_‡K 1890 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †jLv| 1891 †_‡K 1895-Gi g‡a¨ †jLv wPwV¸‡jv iex›`ªbv‡_i Rxe‡bi GK we‡kl mwܶ‡Y †jLv e‡jB AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Zi“Y iex›`ªbv_ †h-msMxZ fvebvq AbycÖvwYZ n‡qwQ‡jb, †hŠe‡bi cwiYZ gb µgk Zv †_‡K m‡i G‡m‡Q `~‡i| m„RbkxjZv KL‡bv GK RvqMvq `uvwo‡q _v‡K bv| iex›`ªbv‡_i g‡Zv m„wókxj gvby‡li Rxe‡b fvOvMovi †Ljv bZzb wKQy bq| iex›`ªbv_ kv¯¿xq ivM-ivwMYxi Pwi·K †hfv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, †mfv‡e Avgv‡`i kv¯¿xq msMx‡Zi I¯—v‡`iv fv‡ebwb| meyRc‡Î cÖKvwkZ ÔmsMx‡Zi gyw³Õ cÖe‡Ü e‡j‡Qb, Avgv‡`i ivM-ivwMYx‡Z †h Awbe©Pbxq wek¦im _v‡K Zv‡K bvbv eo eo Avav‡i a‡i ivLv nq| Dcjwäi †mB AwfÁZv †_‡KB wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgv‡`i Kv‡jvqvwZ MvbUv wVK †hb gvby‡li Mvb bq, Zvnv †hb mg¯— RM‡Zi|Õ Zuvi Abyf‡e G‡KKwU ivM weg~Z© n‡q‡Q Zvi ¯^KxqZvq| Ôˆf‡iuv †hb †fvi‡ejvi AvKv‡kiB cÖ_g RvMiY; ciR †hb Aembœ ivw·k‡li wb`ªvwenŸjZv; Kvbvov †hb NbvÜKv‡i AwfmvwiKv wbkxw_bxi c_we¯§„wZ; ˆfiex †hb m½wenxb Amx‡gi wPiwein‡e`bv; gyjZvb †hb †iŠ`ªZß w`bv‡š—i K¬vwš—wbk¦vm; c~iex †hb k~b¨-M„nPvwiYx weaev mܨvi AkÖ“‡gvPb|Õ (msMxZwPš—v) gyjZvb iv‡Mi †h iƒcwU Zuvi Kíbvq cÖwZfvZ n‡q‡Q wQbœcÎvejxi GKwU wPwV‡ZI Kwe gyjZvb‡K †mBfv‡e Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| 22 †deª“qvwi 1895-G wkjvB`n †_‡K †jLv wPwV Ñ ÔAvgv‡`i gyjZvb ivwMYxUv GB Pvi‡U-cuvPUv †ejvKvi ivwMYx, Zvi wVK fveLvbv n‡”Q Ñ ÔAvR‡Ki w`bUv wKQyB Kiv nqwb|Õ... AvR Avwg GB Aciv‡nèi wSKwgwK Av‡jv‡Z R‡j-¯’‡ j-k~‡ b¨ me RvqMv‡ZB †mB gyjZvb ivwMYxUv‡K Zvi Ki“Y Pov Aš—iv-my× cÖZ¨¶ †`L‡Z cvw”Q Ñ bv myL, bv `ytL, †Kej Avj‡m¨i Aemv` Ges Zvi wfZiKvi GKUv gg©MZ †e`bv|Õ Aciv‡nèi wSKwgwK Av‡jv‡Z R‡j-¯’‡j me RvqMv‡ZB gyjZvb ivwMYxi Ki“Y Pov my‡i †h Dcjwä Zv myL bq, `ytL bq, †Kej Avj‡m¨i Aemv` Avi Zvi †fZiKvi gg©MZ †e`bv| c~Rv ch©v‡qi ÔAvcwb Avgvi †KvbLv‡bÕ MvbwU‡Z gg©MZ GB †e`bvi QvqvB wK †`wL bv Ñ Avcwb Avgvi †Kvb&Lv‡b †eovB Zvwi mÜv‡b \ bvbvb iƒ‡c bvbvb †e‡k †d‡i †hRb Qvqvi †`‡k Zvi cwiPq †Ku‡` †n‡m †kl n‡e wK, †K Rv‡b \ Avgvi Mv‡bi Mnb-gv‡S ï‡bwQjvg hvi fvlv Lyu‡R bv cvB Zvi evmv| †ejv KLb hvq †Mv e‡q, Av‡iv Av‡m gwjb n‡q Ñ c‡_i euvwk hvq Kx K‡q weKvj‡ejvi gyjZv‡b \ Avgv‡`i ivM-ivwMYxi g‡a¨ mg‡qi †h-ˆewkó¨, mKvj, mܨv, ga¨iv‡Zi ivM, GgbwK el©v-em‡š—i iv‡Mi g‡a¨ Kwe Zuvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i Mfxi GK ZË¡ms‡KZ Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb, hv

GKvš—B Zuvi wb‡Ri| wcÖq ivM ˆfiex Ges gyjZvb wel‡q 5 RyjvB 1892 mv‡j kvnRv`cyi †_‡K wjL‡Qb, ÔAvR mKv‡j GKUv mvbvB‡q‡Z ˆfiex evRvw”Qj, Ggwb AwZwi³ wgwó jvMwQj †h, †m Avi Kx eje Ñ Avgvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡bKvi k~b¨ AvKvk Ges evZvm ch©š— GKUv Aš—iwbi“× µ›`‡bi Av‡e‡M †hb ùxZ n‡q DVwQj Ñ e‡ov KvZi wKš‘ e‡ov my›`i Ñ †mB myiUvB Mjvq †Kb †h †Zgb K‡i Av‡m bv eyS‡Z cvwi †b|... GLb Avevi Zviv gyjZvb evRv‡”Q Ñ gbUv e‡ovB D`vm K‡i w`‡q‡Q Ñ c„w_exi GB mg¯— meyR `„‡k¨i Dc‡i GKwU AkÖ“ev‡®úi AveiY †U‡b w`‡q‡Q Ñ GK-c`©v gyjZvb ivwMYxi wfZi w`‡q mg¯— RMr †`Lv hv‡”Q| hw` me mg‡qB GB iKg GK-GKUv ivwMYxi wfZi w`‡q RMr †`Lv †hZ, Zv n‡j †ek nZ| Avgvi AvRKvj fvwi Mvb wkL‡Z B‡”Q K‡i Ñ †ek A‡bK¸‡jv f‚cvjx... Ges Ki“Y el©vi myi Ñ A‡bK †ek fv‡jv fv‡jv wn›`y¯’vbx Mvb Ñ Mvb cÖvq wK”QyB Rvwb †b ej‡jB nq|Õ fve‡Z AevK jv‡M, †kLvi me my‡hvM _vKv m‡Ë¡I †h-Mvb †kLvq Zuvi we›`ygvÎ AvMÖn wQj bv, †mB Mv‡biB my‡ii

cwZmi †_‡K GKwU wPwV‡Z Kwe wjL‡Qb, Avgv‡`i g‡Zv evavnxb cwi®‹vi AvKvk, eû`~i we¯—…Z mgZjf‚wg BD‡iv‡ci †Kv_vI Av‡Q wKbv m‡›`n| Gi g‡a¨ †h Amxg J`vm¨ jywK‡q Av‡Q G‡`‡ki gvbyl †mUv Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| Rv`y Zuv‡K, Zuvi cÙvcv‡ii Rxeb‡K cÖjyä Ki‡Q| cÖK…wZi Aš—imËvi m‡½ wg‡k‡Q Zuvi e¨w³mËv Ñ kvš—, wbR©b †mŠ›`‡h©i g‡a¨ †fv‡ii ˆfiex Avi we‡K‡ji gyjZv‡bi my‡i gy» Av”QbœZv G-K_vB e‡j †h, cÖK…wZ Avi msMxZ Awe‡”Q`¨, †gkv‡gwk K‡i _v‡K| GiKg Av‡iv GKwU wPwV| †jLv n‡qwQj wkjvB`n †_‡K 15 wW‡m¤^i, 1895 mv‡j| †hLv‡b Kwe Rvwb‡q‡Qb c~iex Avi Bgb Kj¨v‡Yi Avjv‡c mg¯— w¯’i b`x Avi ¯—ä AvKvk Kxfv‡e gvby‡li ü`‡q cwic~Y© n‡q hvq| mvܨcÖK…wZi g‡a¨ mg¯— Aš—tKiY hLb cwic­yZ ZLb Ñ Ô...nVvr `~‡ii GK A`„k¨ †bŠ‡Kv †_‡K †envjvh‡š¿ cÖ_‡g c~iex I c‡i Bgb Kj¨v‡Y Avjvc †kvbv †Mj Ñ mg¯— w¯’i b`x Ges ¯—ä AvKvk gvby‡li ü`‡q G‡Kev‡i cwic~Y© n‡q †Mj| BwZc~‡e© Avgvi g‡b nw”Qj gvby‡li RM‡Z GB mܨvcÖK…wZi Zzjbv eywS †Kv_vI †bB Ñ †hB c~iexi Zvb †e‡R DVj, Agwb Abyfe Kijyg GI GK Avðh© Mfxi

Ges Amxg my›`i e¨vcvi, GI GK cig m„wó Ñ mܨvi mg¯— B›`ªRv‡ji m‡½ GB ivwMYx Ggwb mn‡R we¯—xY© n‡q †Mj, †Kv_vI wKQy f½ n‡jv bv Ñ Avgvi e¶¯’j f‡i DVj|Õ (wkjvB`n, 15 wW‡m¤^i, 1895) cÖK…wZ †hgb c„w_ex‡K ivwO‡q †`q Zvi meUzKz iO w`‡q Zvi g‡a¨ ZLb cÖv‡Yi Avb›` †XD †L‡j hvq, †Kv‡bv A_© †LuvRv, e¨vL¨v †LuvRvi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, Avb›` Avcbv‡Z Avcwb weKwkZ nq| Kwe evievi GB K_vB e‡j‡Qb, AcÖ‡qvR‡bi m„wóB Avb‡›`i m„wó, †hgb ki‡Zi wkDwj dzj, beel©vi Rjel©‡Y Nv‡mi ey‡K bvgnviv i‡Oi PgK| ÔGUv n‡jv iƒ‡ci jxjv, †KejgvÎ n‡q IVv‡ZB Avb›`|Õ mg¯— m„wóB GB A‡nZzK Avb›` †_‡K DrmvwiZ, Kwei Kv‡Q Mv‡bi f‚wgKv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ kxl©¯’vbxq| KviY Mvb n‡jv wbQK m„wójxjv| cwZmi †_‡K GKwU wPwV‡Z Kwe wjL‡Qb, Avgv‡`i g‡Zv evavnxb cwi®‹vi AvKvk, eû`~i we¯—…Z mgZjf‚wg BD‡iv‡ci †Kv_vI Av‡Q wKbv m‡›`n| Gi g‡a¨ †h Amxg J`vm¨ jywK‡q Av‡Q G‡`‡ki gvbyl †mUv Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| Avi ÔGB Rb¨ Avgv‡`i c~iex‡Z wKsev †Uvwo‡Z mg¯— wekvj RM‡Zi Aš—‡ii nvnvaŸwb †hb e¨³ Ki‡Q, Kv‡iv N‡ii K_v bq| c„w_exi GKUv Ask Av‡Q †hUv Kg©cUz, †ønkxj, mxgve× Zvi fveUv Avgv‡`i g‡b †Zgb cÖfve we¯—vi Kievi Aemi cvq wb| c„w_exi †h fveUv wbR©b, weij, Amxg, †mB Avgv‡`i D`vmxb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| ZvB †mZv‡i hLb ˆfiexi wgo Uv‡b, Avgv‡`i fviZelx©q ü`‡q GKUv Uvb c‡o|Õ (cwZmi, 18 Rvbyqvwi, 1891) iex›`ªbv_ GKmgq wj‡LwQ‡jb, ÔBsivwR Mv‡bi m‡½ Avgv‡`i msMx‡Zi cÖavb cv_©K¨ BsivwR msMxZ †jvKvj‡qi msMxZ Avi Avgv‡`i msMxZ ÔcÖKvÊ wbR©b cÖK…wZi Awbw`©ó Awbe©Pbxq welv‡`i msMxZ|Õ Kwei g‡Z, Avgv‡`i ivM-ivwMYx¸‡jv, †hgb Kvbvov †Uvwoi g‡Zv ivwMYxi g‡a¨ †h AZj MfxiZv †m †Kv‡bv e¨w³we‡k‡li bq, Ô†m †hb AK‚j Amx‡gi cÖvš—eZx© GB m½xnxb wek¦RM‡Zi|Õ Bs‡iwR msMxZ wel‡q Kwei GB aviYv †kl ch©š— AcwiewZ©Z wQj| wQbœcÎvejxi GKwU wPwV‡Z w`b I iv‡Zi Zzjbv Ki‡Z wM‡q Bs‡iwR I fviZxq msMxZ‡K Kwe Dcgvb wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| ÔAvgvi g‡b nq w`‡bi RMrUv qy‡ivcxq msMxZ, my‡i-†emy‡i L‡Ê-As‡k wg‡j GKUv MwZkxj cÖKvÊ nvg©wYi RUjv Ñ Avi iv‡Îi RMrUv Avgv‡`i fviZelx©q msMxZ, GKwU weï× Ki“Y M¤¢xi AwgkÖ ivwMYx| `y‡UvB Avgv‡`i wePwjZ K‡i, A_P `y‡UvB ci¯úiwe‡ivax| Avgv‡`i wbR©b GK‡Ki Mvb,

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qy‡iv‡ci mRb †jvKvj‡qi Mvb| Avgv‡`i Mv‡b †kÖvZv‡K gby‡l¨i cÖwZw`‡bi myL-`yt‡Li mxgv †_‡K †ei K‡i wb‡q wbwL‡ji g~‡j †h-GKwU m½xnxb ˆeiv‡M¨i †`k Av‡Q †mBLv‡b wb‡q hvq, Avi qy‡iv‡ci msMxZ gby‡l¨i myL-`yt‡Li Abš— DÌvb-cZ‡bi g‡a¨ wewPÎfv‡e b„Z¨ Kwi‡q wb‡q P‡j|Õ (wkjvB`n, 10 AvM÷, 1894) iex›`ªbv‡_i Mv‡b wek¦cÖK…wZ A‡”Q`¨fv‡e Rwo‡q Av‡Q| my‡L-`yt‡L, nvwm-Kvbœvq, Rxe‡bi DÌvb-cZ‡b Rxe‡bi m‡½ msMxZ‡K Awew”Qbœfv‡e Rwo‡q wb‡q‡Qb| Avgv‡`i cÖK…wZ‡Z †hgb Amxg J`vm¨ jywK‡q Av‡Q, †Zgwb Avgv‡`i Mvb cÖwZw`‡bi myL-`yt‡Li mxgv †_‡K Avgv‡`i †ei K‡i G‡b m½xnxb ˆeiv‡M¨i †`‡k †cuŠ‡Q †`q| gvby‡li †h Rxeb †jvf Avi jvjmv, we‡iva-we‡Øl, Avivg-Av‡q‡m cwic~Y©, ؇›Ø-Q‡›` Pjv wbZ¨w`‡bi †mB Rxeb Zz”QZvq hLb mvgÄm¨nxb n‡q I‡V, msMxZ †mB AmvgÄm¨¸‡jv‡K `~‡i mwi‡q mvgÄm¨ I †mŠ›`h© wb‡q Av‡m| ZLb Ôgvby‡li Rb¥g„Zz¨, nvwmKvbœv, f‚Z-fwel¨r-eZ©gv‡bi ch©vq GKwU KweZvi mKi“Y Q‡›`i g‡Zv Kv‡b ev‡R|Õ (wQbœcÎvejx, 2 †g, 1895) msMxZ‡K iex›`ªbv_ GK Avðh© B›`ªRvjwe`¨v e‡j‡Qb| e‡j‡Qb, ÔmsMxZ b~Zb GK m„wóKZ©v|Õ (wkjvB`n, 26 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1895) Kwei gb memgqB fviZxq ivM-ivwMYxi Aš—wb©wnZ mZ¨ I †mŠ›`h©‡K Lyu‡R‡Q| mvsMxwZK Av‡jvPbv¸‡jv Kwe-g‡bi fveKíbvq ZvB Abb¨ n‡q D‡V‡Q| 1891 †_‡K 1895 Ñ Kwei Rxe‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cuvP eQi| wQbœc‡Îi wPwV¸‡jv †jLviI mgqKvj| msMxZwPš—v MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ wQbœcÎvejxi wPwV‡Z Kwei e¨w³g‡bi welYœZv, Avb‡›`i Awfe¨w³, cÖK…wZ-gy»Zv, msMxZ, ivM-ivwMYxi my‡i gMœZv Zuvi g‡b †h Av‡eM-Abyf‚wZ m„wó K‡i‡Q, Zvi cÖKvk GB wPwV¸‡jv‡Z †hfv‡e n‡q‡Q, m¤¢eZ †Zgbfv‡e Avi †Kv_vI nqwb| wb‡RB wZwb †m K_v ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb| 200-msL¨K wPwV‡Z iex›`ªbv‡_i Mfxi Avš—wiK Kɯ^i ïb‡Z cvB| Bw›`iv †`ex‡K wjL‡Qb, ÔAvgv‡K GKevi †Zvi wPwV¸‡jv w`m& (ee), Avwg †Kej Ii †_‡K Avgvi †mŠ›`h© m‡¤¢vM¸‡jv GKUv LvZvq Uz‡K †be| †Kbbv hw` `xN©Kvj euvwP, Zv n‡j GK mgq wbðq ey‡ov n‡q hve, ZLb GB mg¯— w`b¸wj ¯§i‡Yi Ges mvš—¡bvi mvgMÖx n‡q _vK‡e| ZLb c~e©Rxe‡bi mg¯— mwÂZ my›`i w`b¸wji g‡a¨ ZLbKvi mܨvi Av‡jv‡K ax‡i ax‡i †eov‡Z B”Qv Ki‡e| ZLb AvR‡KKvi GB cÙvi Pi Ges wø» kvš— emš— †R¨vrøv wVK Ggwb UvUKv-fv‡e wd‡i cve| Avgvi M‡`¨ c‡`¨ †Kv_vI Avgvi myL `yt‡Li w`bivwθwj G iKg K‡i Muv_v †bB|Õ (wPwV msL¨v200, 11 gvP© 1895) cÙvcv‡ii Rxeb Kwe‡K gy» K‡iwQj| ALÊ Aemi Avi wbR©b bxieZvq m½xnxb mgq †K‡U‡Q m„wó-ˆewP‡Î¨i eb¨vq, Nv‡Ui K_v Av‡M †jLv n‡jI GLv‡bB Zuvi †QvUMí †jLvi ïi“, cÖK…wZi m‡½ †gkv‡gwk K‡i _vKv gvbyl Zuvi M‡íi PwiÎ, GKB m‡½ Mvb, Mí, wPwV, KweZv Ñ Zvic‡iI Rxeb‡K Avi GKfv‡e Qyu‡q †`Lvi AvKv•¶v| Ôciïw`b Agwb †ev‡Ui Rvbjvi Kv‡Q Pzc K‡i e‡m AvwQ, GKUv †R‡jwWwO‡Z GKRb gvwS Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z P‡j †Mj Ñ Lye †h my¯^i Zv bq Ñ nVvr g‡b c‡o †Mj eûKvj nj †Q‡j‡ejvq evevgkv‡qi m‡½ †ev‡U K‡i cÙvq AvmwQjyg Ñ GKw`b ivwËi cÖvq `y‡Uvi mgq Nyg †f‡O †h‡ZB †ev‡Ui RvbjvUv Zz‡j a‡i gyL evwo‡q †`Ljyg wb¯—i½ b`xi Dc‡i dzUdz‡U †R¨vrøv n‡q‡Q,

14

GKwU †QvÆ wWwO‡Z GKRb †QvKiv GKjv `uvo †e‡q P‡j‡Q, Ggwb wgwó Mjvq Mvb a‡i‡Q Ñ Mvb Zvi c~‡e© †Zgb wgwó KL‡bv ïwbwb| nVvr g‡b nj Avevi hw` RxebUv wVK †mBw`b †_‡K wd‡i cvB! Avi GKevi cix¶v K‡i †`Lv hvq Ñ Gevi Zv‡K Avi Z…wlZ ﮋ AcwiZ…ß K‡i †d‡j †i‡L w`B †b Ñ Kwei Mvb Mjvq wb‡q GKwU wQcwQ‡c wWwO‡Z †Rvqv‡ii †ejvq c„w_ex‡Z †f‡m cwo, Mvb MvB Ges ek Kwi Ges †`‡L Avwm c„w_ex‡Z †Kv_vq Kx Av‡Q; Avcbv‡KI GKevi Rvbvb w`B, Ab¨‡KI GKevi Rvwb; Rxe‡b †hŠe‡b D”Q¡wmZ n‡q evZv‡mi g‡Zv GKevi û û K‡i †ewo‡q Avwm, Zvi c‡i N‡i wd‡i G‡m cwic~Y© cÖdjz ­ eva©K¨ Kwei g‡Zv KvUvB|Õ (wkjvB`n, 6 A‡±vei 1891) Kzwo eQi eq‡m ÔmsMxZ I fveÕ cÖeÜ †_‡K ïi“ K‡i mvivRxeb msMxZ-wel‡q hZ K_v e‡j‡Qb Zvi cwiPq †`Iqv m¤¢e bq| wQbœcÎ iPbvi mgq wQj Kwei Rxe‡bi Pig D‡ØM I hš¿Yvi, DrKÉv Avi AvwZ©i, †m-K_v Av‡MB D‡j­L K‡iwQ| †h-Av‡jv iex›`ªbv_ †`‡LwQ‡jb KjKvZvq, jÛ‡b, †m-Av‡jv Zuv‡K bvov w`‡Z cv‡iwb| †m-Av‡jv Zuvi Kv‡Q Aev¯—e e‡j g‡b n‡q‡Q| (wQbœcÎvejx, 7-msL¨K cÎ) Zvi †_‡K A‡bK †ewk mZ¨ I ev¯—e e‡j g‡b n‡qwQj wbR †`‡ki mgZjf‚wgi wbR¯^ AÜKvi| 1895 mv‡j Kwei gb msmvi-mgv‡Ri bvbv Amvgćm¨ cxwoZ wQj| Akvwš—i AvNv‡Z †e‡R‡Q exYv, wPwV¸‡jv‡Z D‡V G‡m‡Q Zvi Avfvm| 16wU wPwVi cÖvq meKwU‡ZB Kwe cÖK…wZ Ges ivM-ivwMYxi Aš—wb©wnZ †mŠ›`‡h©i m‡¤§vnbx kw³i K_v e‡j‡Qb| cÙvcv‡ii Rxeb †hgb Zuv‡K bZzb K‡i Rxeb, RMr, cÖK…wZ‡K wPwb‡qwQj; Zuvi Mvb, wPwV †_‡K AvgivI cÖK…wZ‡K †`Lvi cvV wb‡qwQ| Avgv‡`i AvKvk, cÖvš—i, b`x, wbR©bZv, mKvj, mܨv, ivwÎ Ggb A_© wK KL‡bv Lyu‡R †c‡q‡Q wZwb e‡j †`evi Av‡M! Av‡Z¥vcjwäi w`‡K Kwei cwic~Y© AwfhvÎvI ïi“ n‡qwQj wQbœc‡Îi w`b¸wj †_‡KB| †kl Kie Kwe Awgq PµeZx©‡K †jLv iex›`ªbv‡_i GKwU wPwV w`‡q| iex›`ªbv_ wj‡LwQ‡jb Zuvi †kl eq‡mi ¯’vqx Av¯—vbv Mvb I Qwe| Zuvi Mv‡bi weiƒc mgv‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q, 僇¶c K‡ibwb| Mvb Zuvi Rxe‡bi mKj Avb‡›`i Drm| wPwV‡Z Kwe wj‡L‡Qb, ÔMv‡b Avgvi cvwÊZ¨ †bB, GK_v Avgvi wbZvš— Rvbv Ñ Zvi †P‡q †ewk Rvbv Mv‡bi wfZi w`‡q Ae¨ewnZ Avb‡›`i mnR †eva| GB mnR Avb‡›`i wbwðZ Dcjwäi Dc‡i euvav AvB‡bi Ki‡¶c Avgv‡K GKUzI bvov‡Z cv‡iwb| GLv‡b Avwg D×Z, Avwg ¯úwa©Z Avgvi Avš—wiK AwaKv‡ii †Rv‡i| eP‡bi AZxZ e‡jB Mv‡bi Awbe©PbxqZv Avcb gwngvq Avcwb weivR Ki‡Z cv‡i, hw` Zvi g‡a¨ _v‡K AvB‡bi †P‡q eo AvBb| Mvb hLb m¤ú~Y© Rv‡M g‡bi g‡a¨, ZLb wPË AgiveZx‡Z wM‡q †cuŠQq|Õ (msMxZwPš—v) GUv Kwei †kl eq‡mi ¯^xKv‡ivw³| Mvb iPbvi †bkvq hLb Zuv‡K †c‡q‡Q me fy‡j, ZLb wZwb Zv‡ZB Wz‡e †M‡Qb| Avcb Aš—‡ii AvwZ©‡K, cÖKv‡ki †e`bv‡K Mv‡b g~wZ© †`evi †h-Avb›` †m-Avb›` Zuvi Kv‡Q wQj Zzjbvnxb| †m-Avb‡›`i MfxiZv Qvwc‡q †M‡Q Ab¨ mewKQy‡K| Kwe Rvb‡Zb, P‡j †h‡Z n‡e GKw`b, †i‡L †h‡Z n‡e mewKQy| kÖg, ¯^cœ Avi mvabvq `xN© lvU eQ‡iiI wKQy †ewk mgq a‡i Mvb iPbv K‡i‡Qb, Mv‡bi †mB m¤¢vi c‡o iB‡e †cQ‡b| wZwb Rvb‡Zb, P‡j wM‡qI †mB Zuvi †_‡K hvIqv| Rxe‡bi mg¯— myL-`ytL‡K ZvB Mv‡bi my‡i †Mu‡_ wb‡q‡Qb| Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q ei cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Qb, g„Z¨z †_‡KI †hb †R‡M DV‡Z cv‡ib Mv‡bi my‡i| 

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16

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19

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20

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evox| GKw`b mܨvi wKQz c~‡eŸ© ew¼gevey‡K mvgvb¨ GKLvwb †bŠKvi Dci evÜvNvU nB‡Z c~eŸ© cvi hvB‡Z †`wLjvg| m‡½ GKRb Avi`vjx| ûMjxi †dŠR`vix KvPvix nB‡Z evUx hvB‡Z‡Qb| cÖZ¨n GBiƒc hvIqv [Avmv] K‡ib| Avgvi m‡½ AviI K‡qKRb gym jgvb QvÎ wQ‡jb| Avgv‡`i mgv‡R ev½vjvfvlvi P”P©v G‡Kev‡i bvB ewjqv A‡bK `ytL Kwi‡jb Avi ewj‡jb Avgv‡`i mgv‡R GKLvwb ev½vjv Le‡ii KvMR bvB eoB Av‡¶‡ci welq| GB wPš—v i djkÖ“wZ‡Z AvRxRb †bnvi ÔgvwmKÕcÎwU ûMwj K‡j‡Ri KwZcq Drmvnx gymjgvb wk¶v_x©i D‡`¨v‡M I gkviid †nv‡m‡bi m¤úv`bvq PzuPzov †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| Gi cÖ¯‘wZ-cÖwµqvi Ask wn‡m‡e MÖvgevË©v cÖKvwkKvq (16 ˆPÎ 1280) AvRxRb& †bnvi wk‡ivbv‡g ÔûMjx K‡j‡RÕi ÔKGKRb gymjgv‡bÕi eiv‡Z GB cwÎKvi cÖKvk-wel‡q GKwU ÔweÁvcbÕ cÖPvwiZ nq| Zv‡Z GB gvwmKcÎwU ÔAvMvgx ˆekvL nB‡ZÕ cÖKv‡ki †NvlYvi cvkvcvwk Kzwóqvi jvwnbxcvovi wVKvbvq gxi gkviid‡K wPwV wjL‡j cwÎKv cvIqv hv‡e e‡j Rvbv‡bv nq| gx‡ii cÖ_gv cZœx AvRxRb‡bmvi bv‡g GB cwÎKvi bvgKiY| mgKvjxb cÎ-cwÎKvq AvRxRb †bnv‡ii Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ wKQy cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ cvIqv hvq| cwÎKvwU `y®úÖvc¨ e‡j cÎ-cwÎKvi weÁvcbmsev`-mgv‡jvPbv ev wbe‡Üi gš—e¨ Ges gkvii‡di fvl¨B G-wel‡q aviYv MÖn‡Yi g~j Drm| †Kbbv G-cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ msev`-m¤úv`Kxq-cÖeÜ-wbe‡Üi bgybv AvR Avi myjf bq| KvOvj nwibv‡_i MÖvgevË©v cÖKvwkKvq (Avlvp 1281) AvRxRb †bnvi m¤ú‡K© GB Av‡jvPbvwU cÖKvk cvq : ÔAvRxRb †bnviÕ gymjgvb KË…©K m¤úvw`Z cvw¶K cwÎKv| Avgiv µgvš^‡ q Bnvi 3 msL¨v cÖvß nBqvwQ| Bnvi †jLKMY Avgvw`‡Mi cwiwPZ, GB Bunv‡`i b‡e¨v`¨g b‡n, Z‡e mvnm Kwiqv cwÎKv cÖPvi Kiv b~Zb e‡U| Bunviv †h ¸i“Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ †jLbx aviY Kwiqv‡Qb, Zvnv mswm× nBevi hw`I Aš—ivq jw¶Z nq, Z_vwc AvRxRb †bnvi Øviv Zvnvi wKQz bv wKQz wbivK…Z nB‡e Giƒc Avkv weo¤^bvi welq b‡n| Bnv‡Z †h K‡qKUx cÖ¯—ve cÖKvwkZ nBqv‡Q, Zvnv gymjgvb m¤cÖ`v‡qi c‡¶ AwZ Dcv‡`q dj ewjqv ¯^xKvi Kwi‡Z

AvRxRb †bnvi ÔgvwmKÕcÎwU ûMwj K‡j‡Ri KwZcq Drmvnx gymjgvb wk¶v_x©i D‡`¨v‡M I gkviid †nv‡m‡bi m¤úv`bvq PzuPzov †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| Gi cÖ¯‘wZ-cÖwµqvi Ask wn‡m‡e MÖvgevË©v cÖKvwkKvq (16 ˆPÎ 1280) AvRxRb& †bnvi wk‡ivbv‡g ÔûMjx K‡j‡RÕi ÔKGKRb gymjgv‡bÕi eiv‡Z GB cwÎKvi cÖKvk-wel‡q GKwU ÔweÁvcbÕ cÖPvwiZ nq| 21

nB‡e| Avgiv cÖ¯—ve¸wj g‡bv‡hvMmn cvV Kwiqv cig mš‘ó nBqvwQ| fvlv AwZ g‡bvig| gymjgvb wjwLZ ewjqv g‡b nq bv, Ggb wK A‡bK AvaywbK wn›`y †jL‡Ki wjwc-PvZzh©¨‡K Bnvi wbKU ewj`vb w`‡Z civgk© w`|...

GWz‡Kkb †M‡R‡U (1 †g 1874/ 19 ˆekvL 1281) cÖKvwkZ ÔkÖxc~-Õ QÙbv‡g R‰bK cvV‡Ki GK wPwV‡Z GB ÔgvwmK msev`c‡ÎÕi cÖksmv K‡i gš—e¨ Kiv nq : Ô†`Lyb... gn¤§`xqMY gaygq ev½vjv fvlvi h_v_© ¯^v`MÖn‡Y †Kgb mg_© nBqv‡Qb|Õ c‡ii mßv‡n AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKvi Av‡jvPbv-cÖm‡½ GWz‡Kkb †M‡R‡U (8 †g 1874) Av‡iv †Lvjvmv K‡i ejv nq : Avgiv m¤úªwZ `yBLvwb b~Zb mvßvwnK cwÎKv cÖvß nBqvwQ| GKLvwbi bvg b¨vm‡bj e‡RU,... AciLvwbi bvg AvRxRb& †bnvi| ûMjx K‡j‡Ri KwZcq gymjgvb hyeK Bnvi cÖPvi Avi¤¢ Kwiqv‡Qb| Bnvi g~‡j¨i I cÖPv‡ii mg‡qiI GLb wbiƒcY nq bvB| cÖPviKMY wjwLqv‡Qb, ÒGev‡i g~‡j¨i wKQzB wbY©q Kiv †Mj bv| cvVKM‡Yi Drmvnm~PK cwÎKv I MÖvnKM‡Yi msL¨ve„w× †`wL‡jB AvMvgx gvm nB‡Z cvw¶Kiƒ‡c cÖKv‡ki B”Qv iwnj|Ó GB cwÎKvLvwbi wel‡q we‡kl e³e¨ GB, GLvwb gymjgv‡bi wjwLZ, A_P Bnv‡Z gymjgvwb ev½vjvi bvgMÜ bvB, weï× ev½vjvi ixwZ‡Z wjwLZ| †jL‡Kiv Drmvn cvBevi †hvM¨, Zvnvi m‡›`n bvB| Avgiv Dfq cwÎKviB g½j Kvgbv Kwi| †mKv‡ji Avi-GK wewkó cwÎKv †mvgcÖKvk (18 †g 1874) LyeB msw¶ß K_vq GB AvRxRb †bnv‡ii Avwef©ve‡K ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡qwQj : AvwRRb †bnvi| GLvwb b~Zb msev`cÎ| Bnvi we‡kl wPý GB KwZcq gymjgvb Øviv m¤úvw`Z nq| KvMRLvwb cwoqv Avgiv Avbw›`Z nBqvwQ| Bnvi fvlv A‡bK weÁ weÁ m¤úv`‡Ki fvlvi A‡c¶vI DrK…ó| Avgiv meŸ©vš—tKi‡Y cÖv_©bv Kwi †h KvMRLvwb w`b w`b DbœZ nDK| PzuPzovi mvaviYx mvßvwn‡K (25 ˆR¨ô 1281) Ôb~Zb cwÎKvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g AvRxRb †bnv‡ii cÖKvk‡K Awfb›`b Rvwb‡q gš—e¨ Kiv nq : AvwRRb †bnvi, e½xq gymjgvbM‡Yi gyL¯^iƒc nBqv cÖKvwkZ nB‡Z‡Q; eo Avn¬v‡`i welq| mKj m¤cÖ`v‡qiB c„_K c„_K cwÎKv _vKv DwPZ| we‡klZ e‡½ gymjgv‡bi msL¨v eo Aí b‡n| wbR ev½vjvq wn›`y 1,81,00,438 Rb, gymjgvb 1,76,09,135 Rb, myZivs wbR ev½vjvq wn›`ygymjgvb cÖvq mgvbB| A_P gymjgvb‡`i nBqv cÖvq †KnB †Kvb K_v K‡nb bv, GwU †¶v‡fi welq ewj‡Z nB‡e| GZw`b c‡i gymjgv‡biv Avcbv‡`i wRnŸv mÂvjb Kwi‡eb| GKwU K_v, AvwRRb †bnv‡i `yBRb ev½vjx wn›`y †jLKI G‡R›U ewjqv cwiwPZ nBqv‡Qb, Avgv‡`i we‡ePbvq Giƒc bv nB‡jB fvj nBZ| fimv Kwi cÖKvkKMY G wel‡q GKUz we‡ePbv Kwiqv †`wL‡eb| hvnv nDK AvwRRb †bnvi wPi¯’vqx nq Bnv Avgv‡`i GKvš— B”Qv| ûMwj Kv‡j‡Ri gymjgvb QvÎMY Bnv cÖKvk Kwi‡Z‡Qb, AvwRRb †bnvi Avgv‡`i GKiƒc cÖwZevmx| Giƒc D`vi‡PZv cÖwZevmxi g½j nDK| wKš‘ GB ï‡f”Qv-Ávc‡bi wKQz c‡iB mvaviYx (29 Avlvp

22

1281) AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKvi wei“‡× i“wPweKv‡ii Awf‡hvM DÌvcb K‡i GKwU e¨½vZ¥K weiƒc mgv‡jvPbv cÖKvk K‡i : AvwRRb †bnvi| GB Awfbe c‡Îi Avgiv h_v_©B ïfvbya¨vqx| bwn‡j m¤^v`c‡Îi wØZxqevi mgv‡jvPb mvaviYx‡Z m¤¢‡e bv| AvwRRb †bnvi µ‡g GKwU c¶xi `j nBqv DwV‡Z‡Q| cÎ GB Pvwi msL¨v cÖvß nBqv‡Q, BwZg‡a¨ Bnv‡Z KvKvZzqv, eyjeywj, UzbUzwb, `uvoKvK, wd‡½ I †ZvZv †`Lv w`qv‡Q; ï× wPwoqvLvbv cÖ`j©b [cÖ`k©b] KwiqvB AvwRRb ¶vš— b‡nb, j‡¶èŠ‡qi beve K…wÎg cvnv‡o †hvov [†evov] mvc †`Lvb; Bunviv BwZg‡a¨ †Ku‡Pv jvwni [evwni] Kwiqv‡Qb, †evanq µ‡g mvc evwni Kwi‡eb| we`ªƒc Z¨vM Kwiqv Avgiv wRÁvmv Kwi, Awfbe cÎ m¤úv`‡Ki Giƒc i“wP †Kb? G i“wP weK…Zv| mvaviYxi GB †¶v‡fi cÖK…Z KviY Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q A¯úóB i‡q †M‡jv| G-ch©š— g~jZ GWz‡Kkb †M‡RU, †mvgcÖKvk, mvaviYx I MÖvgevË©v cÖKvwkKvB wQj AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKv m¤ú‡K© aviYvi g~j Drm| Z‡e †ek wKQzKvj Av‡M Avwe®‹…Z gkviid †nv‡m‡bi AcÖKvwkZ AvZ¥Rxebx, ¯^iwPZ Rxebe„Ëvš— I w`bcwćZ AvRxRb †bnvi m¤ú‡K© D‡j­L‡hvM¨ wKQz Z_¨ †g‡j| Gi wfwˇZ GB cwÎKvi bvgKiY, cÖKv‡ki D‡Ïk¨, cÖKvkKvj, cÖKvk-e¨eavb, ¯’vwqZ¡, cÖKvk-e‡Üi KviY Ñ Gme wel‡q ¯úó aviYv AR©b Kiv hvq| d‡j AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKv m¤ú‡K© c~e©m~wi‡`i A‡bK AwfgZ-Abygvb-wm×vš— cybwe©‡ePbv I ms‡kva‡bi my‡hvM wg‡j‡Q|

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cÖKvk cv‡e e‡j D‡j­L Kiv nq| GWz‡Kkb †M‡R‡U cÖ_‡g ÔgvwmKÕ, Avevi GK mßvn c‡i ÔmvßvwnKÕ wn‡m‡e AvRxRb †bnvi cwiwPwZ cvq| AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki d‡j evOvwj mgv‡R, we‡kl K‡i gymjgvb mgv‡R, we‡kl cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nq| G-m¤ú‡K© gkviid Zuvi AcÖKvwkZ AvZ¥Rxebx‡Z Rvwb‡q‡Qb : gvZvgnxi ¯^M©v‡ivn‡Yi ci 1281 mv‡ji 1jv ˆekvL ÔAvwRRb †bnviÕ bv‡g ev½jv gvwmK cwÎKv cÖKvk Kwijvg| gymjgvb mgv‡R GB ev½vjv cwÎKv e½‡`‡k cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nBj| ev½vjx gymjgvbmgvR RvwbZ bv eywSZ bv †h msev`cÎ wK? cÖ_g LÊ cÖKvk nB‡j gnv Av‡›`vjb Dcw¯’Z nBj| N‡ii cqmv LiP Kwiqv c‡ii N‡i Giƒc Le‡ii KvMR cvVvB‡j jvf wK? mKj K_vB wK mZ¨ wjLv nq? GZ Lei cvq †Kv_v? hvnv nDK whwb hvnv ewj‡Z jvwM‡jb Kvb cvwZqv ïwb‡Z jvwMjvg| gb‡K `„p Kwijvg| wePwjZ nBe bv| hvnv msKí ZvnvB w¯’i| cÖ_g L‡Ê Òm~PbvÓ ÒwK wjwLÓ GB `yB cÖeÜ cÖKvk nBj| gkviid hLb ûMwj‡Z wQ‡jb, †mBmg‡qB AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKv PzuPzov †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| wKš‘ gkvii‡di AcÖKvwkZ AvZ¥Rxebx †_‡K Rvbv hvq jvwnbxcvov †_‡KB wZwb cwÎKv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Zb : Ô`yB erm‡ii g‡a¨ KwjKvZv wK K…òbMi hvB bvB| evwo‡Z ewmqvB ÔAvwRRb bvnviÕ cwÎKv cwiPvjbv Kv‡h©¨ wbhy³ iwnqvwQ|Õ cwÎKv †gvUvgywU `yeQi P‡jwQj e‡j Lei cvIqv hvq| Abygvb Kiv P‡j, cwÎKvwU PzuPzov †_‡K cÖKv‡ki cÖ_g ch©v‡q gkviid †mLv‡b wQ‡jb, Zvici jvwnbxcvovq wd‡i Av‡mb Ges GLvb †_‡KB cwÎKv-msµvš— KvRKg© m¤úv`b Ki‡Zb| nq‡Zv K¡wPr KL‡bv PzuPzovq †h‡Z n‡Zv Zuv‡K| g~jZ mn‡hvwMZv I c„ô‡cvlKZvi Afv‡eB GB cwÎKvi cÖKvk eÜ n‡q hvq| †mBm‡½ cwÎKvi cwiPvjK‡`i D`vmxbZv I Aš—Ø©›ØI Kg `vqx wQj bv, mvaviYxi (2 AvM÷ 1874) m~‡Î †m-K_v Rvbv hvq| gkviid Zuvi AcÖKvwkZ AvZ¥Rxebx‡ZI Gme K_v wKQy wKQy wj‡L †M‡Qb : AvwRRbbvnvi cwÎKvq cÖ_g `yB ermi †ek UvKv Av`vq nBj| Zvnvi ci AvgviI gb Lvivc| wjLvI Avi c~‡eŸ©i gZ Drmv‡ni mwnZ nBj bv| g~j¨I cvIqv hvq bv... †cÖ‡mi †`bv, KvM‡Ri †`bv A‡bK `vqx nB‡Z nBj| c„ô‡cvlK Kvnv‡KI cvBjvg bv| wjwLevi †jvKI Avi bvB| g‡a¨ g‡a¨ Avgvi fw³fvRb nwibv_ gRyg`vi we‡kl mvnvh¨ Kwi‡Zb| Avgvi `ytmgq mgvMZ ewjqvB †hb Zuvnvi gv_vi †e`bv| kxicxov †ivM Dcw¯’Z nBj| wZwb wjLvcovi K¤§© nB‡Z GK cÖKvi weiZ nB‡jb| Gic‡iI cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki †Póv K‡ib wZwb, wKš‘ A_©vfv‡e Zv e¨_© nq| e‡j‡Qb wZwb : ÔcwÎKv eÜ nBqv‡Q| †h †cÖ‡m QvcvBZvg Zvnv‡`i A‡bK UvKv evwK covq Ñ ûMjx †ev‡av`q h‡š¿ QvcvB‡Z w`jvg| UvKv Afv‡e Qvcvb KvMR¸wj †mB †cÖ‡mB iwnqv †Mj|Õ AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKv KZw`b P‡jwQj †m-m¤ú‡K© wnZKix cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ (10 ˆekvL 1298) ÔwnZKixi AvZ¥K_vÕ wbeÜ †_‡K Bw½Z cvIqv hvq : ÔKzwóqv mewWwfmb m„ó nB‡Z G ch©¨š— GB wnZKix jBqv wZbLvwb cwÎKv cÖKvk nBj| cÖ_g MÖvgevË©v cÖKvwkKv, Zvnvi ci AvRxRbbvnvi| AvRxRbbvnvi

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wnZKix gxi gkviid †nv‡mb-m¤úvw`Z wØZxq cwÎKv| AvRxRb †bnvi cÖKv‡ki ci †lv‡jv eQi weiwZ w`‡q Avevi bZzb cwÎKv †ei Kivi D‡`¨vM †bb gkviid| wnZKixi D‡Øvabx msL¨vq (1g fvM 1g msL¨v : 15 ˆekvL 1297) cwÎKvi cÖKvkbv-wel‡q bvbv Z_¨ cvIqv hvq| GB m~‡Î wnZKixi cÖKvkKvj m¤ú‡K© mwVK I my¯úó aviYvjv‡fi my‡hvMI wg‡j‡Q| ejv n‡q‡Q : Ô†n! Abš—kw³ m¤úbœ Ki“Yvgq, K…cvgq, K…cvwmÜz feeÜz fMevb! †ZvgviB Abš—¸Y AvkÖq I mnvq Kwiqv wnZKix 1297 m‡bi 15B ˆekv‡L cÖKvk nBj|Õ wnZKix Ñ GB cwÎKv Zvi bv‡gi mv_©KZv cÖgvY K‡iwQj RbKj¨v‡Yi Av`k© AbymiY K‡i| cwÎKvi D‡Ïk¨ I bxwZ m¤ú‡K© ¯úóB Rvbv‡bv nq : mK‡ji wnZK_v, hvnv‡Z meŸ©mvavi‡Yi wn‡Zi Avkv _v‡K, †mB mKj K_vB wnZKix‡Z cÖKvk nq| RvwZMZ, wK a¤§©MZ †Kvb c¶‡K j¶¨ Kwiqv wKQy cÖKvk nq bv| (wnZKix, IB) GB e³e¨ †_‡K wnZKixi D`vi gZ, me©Rbxb g‡bvfve I wbi‡c¶ `„wófw½i cwiPq cvIqv hvq| wnZKix KzgviLvjx g_yivbv_ h‡š¿ gyw`ªZ Ges Kzwóqv jvwnbxcvov †_‡K cÖKvwkZ n‡Zv| cwÎKvi gy`ªvKi I cÖKvkK wQ‡jb h_vµ‡g iRbxKvš— †Nvl I †`ebv_ wek¦vm| cÖwZ msL¨vi g~j¨ wQj `yB cvB Avi WvKgvïjmn evwl©K g~j¨ `yB UvKv| m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e Kv‡iv bvg Qvcv n‡Zv bv| Z‡e gx‡ii AcÖKvwkZ ¯^iwPZ Rxebe„Ëvš— †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, wZwb Ô1297 mv‡j 15B ˆekvL wnZKix bvgK cwÎKvi m¤úv`K n‡qb|Õ

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Ab¨vb¨ Z_¨ I cwÎKvi Af¨š—ixY mv¶¨-mvey`I GB e³e¨ mg_©b K‡i| GBme Z_¨ †_‡K wbtmskq nIqv hvq †h, gxi gkviid †nv‡mbB eivei wnZKix cwÎKvi m¤úv`K I ¯^Z¡vwaKvix wQ‡jb| Z‡e Uv½vBj-c‡e© †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y †gvm‡jgDÏxb Luv‡K fvicÖvß m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ w`‡Z nq| Avi wnZKixi †klc‡e© iIkb Avjx †PŠayixi m‡½ †hŠ_ m¤úv`bvq wnZKix cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM †h-†Kv‡bv Kvi‡YB †nvK mdj nqwb| Z‡e wnZKix P~ovš—fv‡e eÜ n‡q hvIqvi Av‡M †klev‡ii g‡Zv KzgviLvjx †_‡K †h †ek wKQzw`b cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj, †mLv‡b gkvii‡di ixwZg‡Zv AbygwZ wb‡q m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ n‡Z nq †R¨vwZcÖmv` mvb¨vj‡K| wKš‘ †klch©š— wnZKixi gvwjKvbv I m¤úv`bv-¯^Z¡ DfqB gkvii‡diB wQj| wnZKix cvw¶K cwÎKv wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk Ki‡jI cvVK-Pvwn`vi Kvi‡Y wØZxq e‡l© Ô`vkvwnKÕ ev Ô`vkwnKÕ wn‡m‡e (A_©vr `kw`b cici) cÖKvwkZ n‡Z _v‡K| GB cwieZ©b e¨ZxZ cwÎKvi g~j¨, gy`ªvKi, cÖKvkK, gy`ªYvjq, G‡R›U ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv bxwZ-e³‡e¨i i`e`j nqwb| cÖRvwnZmva‡bi j‡¶¨ mr I e¯‘wbô mvsevw`KZvi Av`k© wb‡q wnZKixi AvZ¥cÖKvk| cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki D‡Ïk¨, j¶¨ I `„wófw½ m¤ú‡K© ¯úó D‡j­L cvIqv hvq cwÎKv KZ…©c‡¶i e³‡e¨ (wnZKix, 10 ˆekvL 1298) : `yB `k UvKv jv‡fi Rb¨ wnZKix cÖKvk nq bvB| RxweKv wbeŸ©v‡ni †Kvb Dcvq bv cvBqv GB KzwUj I RwUjc_ AvkÖq Kiv nq bvB| b¨vh¨ ewje, mZ¨ cÖKvk Kwie| mZ¨vkÖ‡q _vwKe, mvavi‡Yi wnZKiKv‡h©¨ Aek¨B †hvM w`e| Avgiv c~eŸ© nB‡ZB ewjqv Avwm‡ZwQ †h, Avgiv †Kvb m¤úª`vqfz³ bwn, Avgiv mK‡ji| GKP‡Lv `„wó Avgv‡`i bvB| †hLv‡b Ab¨vq, †mBLv‡bB Avgiv, †hLv‡b AZ¨vPvi, †hLv‡b AwePvi †mBLv‡bB Avgv‡`i K_v! Avgiv cÖksmvi cÖZ¨vkx bwn| Avw_©K mvnv‡h¨i AvkvI ivwL bv| myZivs Avgv‡`i f‡qi †Kvb KviY bvB| cÖ_g m~Pbvq ewjqvwQ, Avgv‡`i cÖ_g c~Rbxq Ck¦i, Zrc‡iB ivRv, MÖvnKgvÎ bv _vKzK, mvavi‡Y wnZKix cvV bv Ki“b, ¶wZ bvB| huvnvi wbKU RvbvB‡j †`‡ki DcKvi nB‡e, AZ¨vPvi AwePvi Kwg‡e, Ab¨v‡qi mywePvi nB‡e, †Kej Zuvnv‡KB RvbvBe| Avi †`‡ki gvb¨MY¨ †jvK huvnv‡`i ü`q Av‡Q, Zuvnv‡`i wbKU Dcnvi¯^iƒc Dcw¯’Z nBe| Avi fq wK, wK‡mi Avk¼v| GLv‡b j¶ Kivi welq GB †h, ivRfw³ I ivRvbyM‡Z¨i cÖ‡kœ wnZKix Zvi hyM‡K A¯^xKvi ev AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| ZvB g~jZ ivRØv‡i Av‡e`b-wb‡e`‡bi gva¨‡g mgvR I RbM‡Yi mgm¨v `~i Kivi cÖqvmB Aej¤^b K‡iwQj wnZKix| eQiLv‡bK cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki ci wnZKixi cwiPvjK‡`i GB AwfÁZv AwR©Z nq †h, ¯^vaxb I wbi‡c¶fv‡e cwÎKv cwiPvjbv AZ¨š— KwVb| bvbv msKU, mgm¨v I cvi¯úwiK we‡f`-Ø›Ø m‡Ë¡I wnZKix mevi ïfeyw× I we‡eK-we‡ePbvi Kv‡Q HK¨ I m™¢v‡ei R‡b¨ Av‡e`b Rvwb‡q‡Q| †mB m‡½ Rb¥j‡Mœi A½xKv‡ii K_v cybivq D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q| wnZKixi (20 fv`ª 1298) GK Ôm¤úv`Kxq gš—‡e¨Õ GB welq¸‡jv †hb mvjZvgvwgi cÖwZ‡e`‡bi g‡Zv †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q : wnZKix †h ¸i“Zi fvi gv_vq Kwiqv mvaviY m¤§y‡L Dcw¯’Z nBqv‡Q, †h c‡_ †h cÖYvjx‡Z Pwj‡Z‡Q

24

Zvnv‡Z Zvnvi cÖwZcwË jvf Kiv mnR b‡n| GLvwb wn›`yi KvMR, ILvwb eªvþ cwÎKv, ILvwb gymjgvb mgv‡Ri gyLcÎ| GK GKRb GK GKR‡bi nBqv K_v Kwn‡Z‡Q| ïwb‡ZI wgwó, Pwj‡ZI †mvRv c_| †Kvbiƒc evav cÖwZeÜK wKQzB bvB| mK‡ji Ñ mvavi‡Yi wnZmvabB wnZKixi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨| Ges H cv_©K¨fve `~i Kivi K_v gy‡L Avbv GKcÖKvi cvM‡ji †nuqvjx| Z‡e G‡Kev‡i KvUvKvwU gvivgvwi bv nBqv åvZ…fv‡e ci¯úi ci¯ú‡ii w`‡K KUv¶fv‡e GKevi `„wó Kwi‡jI wnZKixi Rxeb mv_©K, Rb¥ mdj| mKj w`K j¶¨ ivwLqv Avcb g¯—K euvPvBqv, †Z‡j †e¸‡b `v Kzg‡o, m™¢ve ¯’vcb Kwiqv cÖYqfve e„w× Kiv eoB KwVb Kvh©¨, †bn¨ wbi‡c¶i mxgv nB‡Z GKPzj cwigvY mwievi ¶gZv wnZKixi bvB| myZivs RvwZMZ, m¤cÖ`vqMZ, a¤§©MZ †Kvbiƒc D‡ËRbv, †Kvbiƒc BZiwe‡k‡l Ggb wK Dwbk we‡k GKUv eY© D”PviY Kwievi ¶gZv wnZKixi bvB| evnev cvBevi eivZ bvB| mnvq Ck¦i, fimv Ck¦i| Avi AbyMÖn cvVKM‡Yi Ñ gd¯^‡j ev½vjv Le‡ii KvMR hvÎvi `‡ji ms we‡kl Ñ| †cÖiYvk~b¨ I c„ô‡cvlKZvnxb ˆeix mgv‡R wnZKixi Pjvi c_ myMg wQj bv| A‡bK wei“×Zv I weiƒc mgv‡jvPbv mn¨ K‡i Zvi Aw¯—Z¡ eRvq ivL‡Z n‡q‡Q| GB mgv‡jvPbv †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î ˆewiZvi iƒc wb‡q kvjxbZvi MwÊ AwZµg K‡i‡Q| Kzwóqvi †Qv‡Uv Av`vj‡Zi wePviK wQ‡jb ei`vcÖmbœ †mvg| Zuvi wei“‡× bvbv Awf‡hv‡Mi Lei cÖKvwkZ nIqvq w¶ß wePviK cÖKvk¨ Av`vj‡Z wnZKix cwÎKv‡K Ô†cuv` †cuvQv KvMRÕ e‡j KU~w³ K‡ib Ges cwÎKvi mnKvix m¤úv`K DwKj ivBPiY `vm‡K fr©mbv I Acgvb K‡ib| welqwU GLv‡bB †kl nqwb Ñ ivBPiY `v‡mi wei“‡× wePviK g‡nv`q †gvKÏgvI `v‡qi K‡ib| Gici fxwZ I cÖ‡jvfb †`wL‡q ÔRReveyi ¯^c‡¶ wjwLevi Rb¨ wnZKixi wbKU †Mvc‡b cÖ¯—ve nBj, mKjB wedjÕ (wnZKix, 20 fv`ª 1298)| mgv‡Ri Kj¨vYwPš—v I cÖM wZkxj f~wgKvi R‡b¨ wnZKix‡K KL‡bv KL‡bv i¶Ykxj-gvbmZvi gvby‡li weivMfvRb n‡Z nq| m¤§wZ`vb AvBb mg_©b Kivq A‡bK MÖvnK wnZKixi m‡½ m¤úK©‡”Q` Ges †KD †KD D‡ËwRZ n‡q Mvjg›` K‡i wPwVI †j‡Lb (wnZKix, 20 ˆekvL 1298)| GB ai‡bi cÖwZwµqv m‡Ë¡I wnZKix KZ…©c¶ ¯^vaxb gZcÖKvk I wbfx©K f~wgKv cvj‡bi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡Z I Zv i¶v Ki‡Z wØav K‡ibwb| Aek¨ wb›`v-mgv‡jvPbvi cvkvcvwk wnZKixi cÖwZ mnvbyf~wZkxj gvby‡li Avš—wiKZvi mÜvbI †g‡j| ivqZ-cÖRvi Afve-Awf‡hvM Ges cÖkvmwbK ΓwU-wePz¨wZ-Ae¨e¯’vi K_v wbfx©Kfv‡e cÖKvk K‡i wnZKix h_v_© mvgvwRK KZ©e¨ cvj‡b wbô †_‡K‡Q Ñ ÔR‰bK MÖvn‡KÕi wPwV‡Z (wnZKix, 30 ˆR¨ô 1298) Ggb cÖksmvi K_v †kvbv hvq : BwZc~‡eŸ©I K‡qK msL¨v‡Z wnZKixi cÖwZ mvavi‡Yi we‡Ølfv‡ei K_v cÖKvwkZ nBqv‡Q| wnZKix †Kb †h †jv‡Ki wel bq‡b cwo‡Z‡Q wKQzB eywS‡Z cvwi‡ZwQ bv|... wnZKix b¨v‡qi c_ Aej¤^b Kwiqv †jvK‡meveª‡Z Rxeb DrmM© Kwiqv‡Q| AZ¨vPvixi AZ¨vPvi Kvwnbx, Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev`, b¨v‡qi mg_©b, ¯^‡`kevmxi g½jwPš—v, GBmKj welqB †Zv wnZKix‡Z †`wL‡Z cvB|... Kzwóqvi eoB †mŠfvM¨ ewj‡Z nB‡e

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Uv½vBj-Z¨v‡Mi mvZ eQi ci gkviid cybivq †Kvwnbyi-m¤úv`K Gm.†K.Gg. gn¤§` iImb Avjxi [iIkb Avjx †PŠayix] mn‡hv‡M wnZKix cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib| †Kvwnbyi cwÎKvi wØZxq el© (1306) ïi“i Av‡M cÖKvwkZ GK weÁvcb-cyw¯—Kvi †klfv‡M wnZKixi cybtcÖKvk m¤ú‡K© GKwU weÁvcb Qvcv nq| G‡Z D‡j­L Kiv nq : Ô ÔwnZKixÕ 1306 mv‡ji ïf ˆekvL nB‡Z bZzb cÖYvjx‡Z LuvwU wbLyuZ gymjgvbxfv‡e evwni nB‡e|Õ 4_© e‡l© be-K‡je‡i cÖKvwkZ nIqvi IB weÁvcb †_‡K aviYv Kiv hvq, 3q e‡l© wnZKix Uv½vB‡j †gvUvgywU cÖvq GK eQi P‡jwQj| Aek¨ Uv½vB‡j wnZKix cÖKv‡ki mvZ eQi ci cvskv †_‡K bech©v‡q wnZKix cwÎKv ÔbZzb cÖYvjx‡Z LuvwU wbLyuZ gymjgvbxfv‡eÕ cÖKvwkZ nIqvi †Kv‡bv Z_¨-cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv| Z‡e IB eQ‡iB (1899) wnZKix cwÎKv †h wn›`ycwiPvjK I m¤úv`‡Ki ZË¡veav‡b cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj Zvi mvey` †g‡j| 1899 mv‡j (evsjv 1306) PZz_© e‡l©i wnZKix cwÎKv cvw¶K wn‡m‡e cÖKv‡ki mywbw`©ó Lei cvIqv hvq KvOvj nwibv_-cÖwZwôZ KzgviLvjxi g_yivbv_ h‡š¿i 1307 mv‡ji wPwVi bKj cy¯ —K †_‡K| wnZKix GB ch©v‡q KzgviLvjxi g_yivbv_ h‡š¿ gyw`ªZ n‡Zv| g_yivbv_ h‡š¿i gy`ªv Ki KzÄjvj `vm Inspector General of Registration, Bengal-†K †cÖwiZ cÖwZ‡e`b-c‡Î 1899 mv‡j gyw`ªZ cy¯—K I cwÎKvi g‡a¨ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb, ÔFortnightly newspaper ÔHitakariÕ 11 issuesÕ. GB GKB mv‡j 4 LÊ (Ô4 partsÕ) †Kvwnbyi cwÎKvI gyw`ªZ nq GB †cÖm †_‡K| GB ch©v‡qi wnZKix gkviid †nv‡mb I iIkb Avjx †PŠayixi †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡Mi dmj wKbv Zv gkvii‡di Wv‡qwi, †Kvwnbyi cwÎKv wKsev g_yivbv_ h‡š¿i cÎ bKj LvZv Ñ †Kv‡bv m~Î †_‡KB Rvbv hvq bv| Z‡e g_yivbv_ h‡š¿i 1307 mv‡ji wPwVi bKj cy¯—K †_‡K wnZKix cwÎKv m¤ú‡K© Ab¨ wel‡qi †ekwKQy ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Z‡_¨i mÜvb cvIqv hvq| evsjv 1307 mv‡ji (1900 wLª.) 5g e‡l©i wnZKixI †h g_yivbv_ h‡š¿B gyw`ªZ nq, GB wPwVi bKj cy¯—K †_‡K Zvi cÖgvY †g‡j| 5g

Uv½vBj-Z¨v‡Mi mvZ eQi ci gkviid cybivq †Kvwnbyi-m¤úv`K Gm.†K.Gg. gn¤§` iImb Avjxi [iIkb Avjx †PŠayix] mn‡hv‡M wnZKix cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib| 25

e‡l©i wnZKix 1307 mv‡ji ˆekvL gvm †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| KzgviLvjxi wewkó wPwKrmK, Abvivwi g¨vwR‡÷ªU I Kwe beØxcP›`ª cvj wnZKixi m‡½ RwoZ wQ‡jb| Zuv‡K †jLv g_yivbv_ h‡š¿i gy`ªvKi KzÄjvj `v‡mi wPwV †_‡K bech©v‡q 5g e‡l©i wnZKixi cÖKvkbv-cÖ¯‘wZi Avfvm cvIqv hvq : wnZKixi m¤úv`K I ¯^Z¡vwaKvix gnvk‡qi mwnhy³ Av‡`kcÎ bv cvB‡j Avgvi gy`ªvhš¿ nB‡Z wnZKix QvcvB‡Z †M‡j Avgv‡K Ô†cÖm GK&&UÕ Abymv‡i `vqx nB‡Z nB‡e| AZGe wb‡e`b AZtci wnZKixi Kvwc w`‡Z nB‡j ev ms‡kvab Kwi‡Z nB‡j Dchy³ ¶gZvcÖvß e¨w³i ¯^v¶i Avek¨K| kÖxhy³ †R¨vwZevey [†R¨vwZcÖmv` mvb¨vj] m¤úv`K ev ¯^Z¡vwaKvix ewjqv cwiwPZ b‡nb| AZGe Zuvnvi `¯—LZ AvBbm½Z b‡n| hw` Avgv‡K Zuvnvi `¯—LZ MÖnY Kwi‡Z nq Z‡e Zuvnv‡K Hiƒ‡c cwiwPZ nIqv Avek¨K| bZzev G cÖKvi `vqxZ¡nxb cÎ QvcvBqv Avwg wec`MÖ¯— nBe| GB f‡q Avcbv‡K mg¯— RvbvBjvg| mZ¡‡i wewnZ weavb Kwiqv evwaZ Kwi‡eb| (10 msL¨K wPwV : 8 ˆekvL 1307) GB wPwV †_‡K †ek †evSv hvq, beØxcP›`ª cvj ev †R¨vwZcÖmv` mvb¨vj bb, Z…Zxq GKRb wnZKixi m¤úv`K I ¯^Z¡vwaKvix wQ‡jb Ges wZwb gxi gkviid †nv‡mb| 1307 mv‡ji 30 ˆekv‡Li GK c‡Î †R¨vwZcÖmv` mvb¨vj‡K wnZKixi m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡Z g‡b nq, B‡Zvg‡a¨ wZwb wnZKixi cÖK…Z ¯^Z¡vwaKvixi KvQ †_‡K wbqggvwdK m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡cvj‡bi AbygwZ jvf K‡i‡Qb| GB wPwV‡Z gy`ªvKi KzÄjvj `vm g_yivbv_ gy`ªvh‡š¿ wnZKix cwÎKv gy`ª‡Y AcviMZvi K_v Rvwb‡q †`b (28 msL¨K wPwV : 30 ˆekvL 1307)| Aek¨ Gi ciciB GKB Zvwi‡L QvcvLvbvi ¯^Z¡vwaKvix KvOvj nwibv‡_i †R¨ô cyÎ mZxkP›`ª gRyg`v‡ii Av‡iKwU wPwV‡Z IB wm×vš— cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i †bIqv nq| wPwV‡Z Rvbv hvq, KvOvj nwibv_ m¤ú‡K© ÔKwZcq `ytLRbK K_v kÖ“wZ‡MvPi nIqvq; ¯^Z¡vwaKvix I †cÖ‡mi K¤§©Pvix‡`i g‡bi Av‡eM‡nZz Hiƒc cÎ wjwLZ nBqvwQjÕ| cwÎKvi g~j †cÖmKwc QvcvLvbvq msi¶Y cÖ‡kœ †cÖm I cwÎKv KZ…©c‡¶i g‡a¨ GKmgq gZ‡f` †`Lv †`q| †cÖ‡mi c¶ †_‡K welqwUi myivnvi R‡b¨ nwibv‡_i `yB mvwnZ¨wkl¨ A¶qKzgvi ˆg‡Îq I Rjai †m‡bi civgk© I wb‡`©kbv PvIqv nq| GB ch©v‡q cÖKvkbvi cÂg e‡l©, wnZKix 1307 mv‡ji †klfvM ch©š— †h cÖKvwkZ n‡qB wQj Zvi cÖgvY Av‡Q GB wPwVi bKj cy¯—‡K| GB LvZvi KxU`ó †kl wPwVwUI (dvêyb 1307) wnZKix-m¤úwK©Z| GLv‡b †R¨vwZcÖmv` mvb¨v‡ji cwiPq †g‡j wnZKixi fvicÖvß m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e| GKvwaK wPwV‡Z ¯^Z¡vwaKvix I m¤úv`K [`vwqZ¡cÖvß] †h wfbœ e¨w³ †mB D‡j­L Av‡Q| Z‡e c‡ii eQi A_©vr 1308 mv‡jI wnZKixi cÖKvkbv Ae¨vnZ wQj wKbv †Kv‡bv m~‡ÎB Zv Rvbvi my‡hvM cvIqv hvqwb| c~e©eZx© mg‡q wnZKix gy`ª‡Yi R‡b¨ g_yivbv_ h‡š¿i A_©-cvIbv wQj gxi gkviid †nv‡m‡bi Kv‡Q| †Kvwnbyim¤úv`K Gm.†K.Gg. iIkb Avjxi e‡Kqv Av`v‡qi R‡b¨ evievi †cÖm †_‡K ZvwM`-cÎ cvVv‡bv nq, ZviB GKwU‡Z Gi D‡j­L †g‡j| Amwnòz I wei³ †cÖm-cwiPvjK Kov fvlvq Rvbvb : 27/28 ermi †cÖ‡mi KvR nB‡Z‡Q, wKš‘ G ch©¨š— †jv‡Ki bv‡g bvwjk Kwiqv UvKv Av`vq Kwi‡Z nq bvB| GK gxi gkvii‡di m‡½ Avi Avcbvi m‡½

26

Kwi‡Z nB‡Z‡Q, †m †eva nq GK RvZxqZvi ¯^fve| (64 msL¨K cÎ : 22 Avlvp 1307) Lvm-Z_¨ cvIqv bv †M‡jI 1307 mv‡ji ci wnZKix cÖKv‡ki m¤¢vebv bvbv we‡ePbvq G‡Kev‡i bvKP Kiv hvq bv| Z‡e GUzKz wbwðZ ejv hvq, 1297, 1298, 1299, 1306 I 1307 Ñ GB cuvP eQi wnZKix P‡jwQj, Z‡e Zv weiwZnxbfv‡e bq| wKš‘ 1300 †_‡K 1305 Ñ GB Qq eQi wnZKixi cÖKvk cy‡ivcywi eÜ wQj ev AwbqwgZ †ei n‡Zv wKbv †m-Z_¨ AÁvZ| GQvov G-in‡m¨iI mgvavb nqwb, wnZKix c~e ©‡ NvwlZ †hŠ_ m¤úv`bvq ÔLuvwU wbLuyZ gymjgvbxfv‡eÕ bv †ewi‡q wn›`y-m¤úv`‡Ki ZË¡veav‡b †Kb cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj! †ek †evSv hvq, wnZKixi Awš—g-c‡e© Rxeb-RxweKvi msK‡U RR©wiZ gkvii‡di cwÎKv-wel‡q †Zgb AvMÖn-Drmvn ev †Kv‡bv mwµq f~wgKv wQj bv, hw`I LvZv-Kj‡g wZwbB wQ‡jb GB cwÎKvi ¯^Z¡vwaKvix|

mvZ wnZKix Dwbk kZ‡Ki †kl `k‡Ki ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cwÎKv Ñ ¯^Zš¿ Pwi‡Îi Ges wfbœ †gRv‡Ri| RvwZ‰ei-Amwnòz mgvR-cwi‡e‡k wnZKix wbi‡c¶ `„wófw½ I m¤cÖ`vq-m¤cÖxwZi g‡bvfve wb‡q cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| Avw_©K ¶wZ, †MvôxMZ we‡Øl, mvgvwRK weiƒcZv ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡qI cwÎKvwU mvgvwRK msKU-mgm¨vi cÖwZdjb, †jvKKj¨vY I RbgZ-MV‡b cÖksmv‡hvM¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| wbR m¤cÖ`v‡qi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvMx I KZ©e¨wbô n‡qI, wfbœ m¤cÖ`vq‡KI †h Avcb Kiv hvq, cÖxwZe܇b Ave× Kiv m¤¢e Ñ †m-K_vwU †hgb †jLK gxi gkviid †nv‡mb Aš—i w`‡q Dcjwä Ki‡Zb, †ZgbB Zuvi cwÎKv wnZKixI †mB wgj‡bi evZ©vB c~e©vci †NvlYv K‡i‡Q| wnZKix‡Z g~jZ ¯’vbxq-RvZxq-wewea-ewnwe©‡k¦i msev`, cxwoZ gvby‡li Afve-Awf‡hv‡Mi wPwVcÎ, m¤úv`Kxq gš—e¨ I Dcm¤úv`Kxq wbeÜ Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv-ev mvwnZ¨agx© iPbvI cÖKvwkZ n‡Zv| GBme iPbvq †jL‡Ki bvg mvaviYZ gyw`ªZ n‡Zv bv| Z‡e fvlvfw½ I welq-wbe©vP‡bi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z GB A¯^v¶wiZ A‡bK iPbviB †h †jLK wQ‡jb gxi gkviid †nv‡mb Zv †ek Abygvb Kiv P‡j Ges †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î G-wel‡q cwÎKvi mn-m¤úv`K ivBPiY `v‡mi bvgI G‡m hvq| gkviid wQ‡jb D`vi gb I g‡Zi †jLK| ¯^‡`k I mgvR m¤ú‡K© Mfxi g‡bv‡hv‡Mi cwiPq Zuvi A‡bK †jLv‡ZB cvIqv hvq| Amv¤cÖ`vwqK †PZbv Zuvi Pwi‡Îi Avi-GK we‡kl ¸Y| Zuvi cwiPvwjZ cwÎKvq msMZ Kvi‡YB GBme ˆewk‡ó¨i mv¶vr †g‡j| gkvii‡di wPš—v-†PZbv Kxfv‡e wnZKix cwÎKvq Zuvi bvbv †jLv ev gš—‡e¨ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †mB welqwU we‡kl AbymÜvbx `„wó wb‡q D`&&NvUb K‡i‡Qb gxi-M‡elK kvgmy¾vgvb Lvb (Ôgxi gkviid †nv‡mb : bZzb Z‡_¨ bZzb fv‡l¨Õ, XvKv, 1410)| mvgwMÖKfv‡e wnZKix cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ bvbv wbeÜ, msev` ev m¤úv`Kxq gš—‡e¨ evOvwji mgvR-ms¯‹…wZ, `y`©kv-`ytL, mgm¨v-Awf‡hvM I Rxeb-RxweKvi bvbv msK‡Ui cwiPq cÖwZdwjZ| wnZKixi m~‡Î Dwbk kZ‡Ki Awš—gc‡e©i evsjvi mgvR-A_©b xwZ-wk¶v-ivRbxwZ-ag©-fvlv-mvwn‡Z¨i Aš—i½ cwiPq Luy‡R cvIqv hvq|

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cÖKvwkKvq (Avlvp 1281) GB cwÎKvi wnZKvgx D‡Ï‡k¨i cÖwZ ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡q ejv nq, AvRxRb †bnv‡ii gva¨‡g mgvR-mgm¨vi ÔwKQz bv wKQz wbivK…Z nB‡eÕ, we‡kl K‡i ÔZvnv gymjgvb m¤cÖ`v‡qi c‡¶ AwZ Dcv‡`q dj ewjqv ¯^xKvi Kwi‡Z nB‡eÕ| †jLK wn‡m‡e Avwef©v‡ei m~Pbv‡ZB gkviid Ôweï× ev½vjvfvlvÕ-PP©vi R‡b¨ wn›`y-cwiPvwjZ cÎ-cwÎKvi †h-cÖksmv I Awfb›`b jvf K‡iwQ‡jb, m¤úvw`Z cÖ_g cwÎKvi †¶‡ÎI †mB GKB ¯^xK…wZ Ry‡UwQj| AvRxRb †bnvi cwÎKvi fvlv m¤ú‡K© MÖvgevË©v (Avlvp 1281) D‡j­L K‡iwQj : Ôfvlv AwZ g‡bvig| gymjgvb wjwLZ ewjqv g‡b nq bv, Ggb wK A‡bK AvaywbK wn›`y †jL‡Ki wjwc-PvZzh©¨‡K Bnvi wbKU ewj`vb w`‡Z civgk© w`Õ| GWz‡Kkb †M‡R‡Ui (1 †g 1874) GK c·jLK evOvwj gymjgvb Ôgaygq ev½jv fvlvi h_v_© ¯^v`MÖn‡Y mg_© nBqv‡QbÕ Ñ GB †`‡L Drdzj­ n‡q‡Qb| IB cwÎKv‡ZB (8 †g 1874) Avevi ejv nq, gymjgvb-cwiPvwjZ n‡jI fvlvq Ôgymjgvwb ev½vjvi bvgMÜ bvB, weï× ev½vjvi ixwZ‡Z wjwLZÕ| †mvgcÖKvkI (18 †g 1874) GKB my‡i e‡j‡Q : ÔBnvi fvlv A‡bK weÁ weÁ m¤úv`‡Ki fvlvi A‡c¶vI DrK…óÕ| gkviid eivei mv¤cÖ`vwqK m¤cÖxwZ I H‡K¨i c‡¶ wQ‡jb Ñ mvwn‡Z¨i g‡Zv mvgwqKcÎ-cwiPvjbv‡ZI| AvRxRb †bnvi gymjgvb-cwiPvwjZ cwÎKv n‡jI G‡Z wn›`y m¤cÖ`v‡qiI †hvM I m¤úK© wQj| mvaviYxi (8 Ryb 1874) m~‡Î Rvbv hvq : ÔAvwRRb †bnv‡i `yBRb ev½vjx wn›`y †jLKI G‡R›U ewjqv cwiwPZ nBqv‡QbÕ| wØZxq cwÎKv wnZKix cwiPvjbvq wn›`ymgv‡Ri m¤ú„³Zv wQj Av‡iv †ewk| `y®úÖvc¨ e‡j AvRxRb †bnv‡ii †Kv‡bv iPbvi ¯^v` MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM AvR‡Ki w`‡bi cvV‡Ki †bB| ïay mvgvb¨ GKUz AskB i¶v †c‡q‡Q GWz‡Kkb †M‡R‡Ui (11 wW‡m¤^i 1874) Kj¨v‡Y Ñ ÔG †`‡ki gymjgv‡bivI ev½vjxÕ kxl©K wbe‡Ü AvRxRb †bnv‡ii GKwU iPbvi Askwe‡kl DׄZ Kivi d‡j| iPbvskwU evOvwj gymjgv‡bi RvwZmËv I gvZ…fvlvi cÖ‡kœ †bwZevPK g‡bvfve I cÖPwjZ ms¯‹v‡ii wec‡¶ GK mvnmx I wbf©yj wm×v‡š—i ¯^v¶i wn‡m‡e MÖvn¨ nIqvi †hvM¨ : Avgiv gy³K‡É msev`c‡Î ¯^xKvi KwiqvwQ, Avgiv ev½vjx, ev½vjv Avgv‡`i gvZ…fvlv, Avgiv wK Avgv‡`i Aegvbbv KwiqvwQ? †Kvb †`‡k cyi“lvbyµ‡g evm Kwiqv Z‡Ïkxq ewjqv cwiPq †`Iqv †`kxq fvlv e¨envi Kiv Aegvbbvi welq b‡n; ciš‘ exh©¨evb †`kvw` gvZ…f~wg fvY Kwiqv Zvnv‡`i weK…wZcÖvß fvlv e¨envi Kiv Dcnvm-mÂviK| BnvI Aí in‡m¨i welq b‡n, cÖK…Z gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ N„Yv Kwiqv cwðgw`K&evmx ewjqv cwiPq w`‡Z cvwi‡j †MŠie we‡ePbv Kwi|... hvnv nDK, Avgiv ev½vjx ejv‡Z Avgv‡`i Aegvbbv nq bvB...| GKk GKPwj­k eQi Av‡M ¯^‡`k-gvZ…fvlv-RvZxqZvi cÖ‡kœ weåvš— i¶Ykxj evOvwj gymjgvb mgv‡Ri †Kv‡bv cÖwZwbwai K‡É Ggb cÖZ¨q`xß D”PviY cÖvq Am¤¢e I AKíbxq e‡j g‡b n‡e| Gw`K w`‡q evOvwj gymjgv‡bi g‡a¨ gkviid‡K evsjvi fvlvwfwËK RvZxqZvev‡`i cÖ_g cÖe³v e‡j ¯§iY Ki‡Z nq| DËiKv‡j gkviid Zuvi cwiPvwjZ cwÎKv wnZKix Ges mvwnZ¨PP©v q m¤cÖ`vq-m¤cÖxwZ, mgvRgb¯‹Zv, †`k I fvlvcÖxwZi cÖ‡kœ Av‡iv cÖvÁ I cwiYZ n‡q‡Qb Ñ †eva-wek¦vm†PZbvq Av‡iv `„p n‡q‡Qb| wbweo ch©v‡jvPbvq GB wbwi‡L ejv hvq, GmewKQyi g~‡j Zuvi cÖavb I cÖ_g FY †evanq Zuvi cwiPvwjZ mvgwqKc‡Îi Kv‡Q| 

27

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28

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¯^cœ Zuvi KweZvq cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| wZwb gy‡L gvK©mev‡`i K_v ej‡jI ev¯—‡e gvK©mev`x wQ‡jb bv| 1974 mv‡j Rvm`-mgw_©Z ˆ`wbK MYK‡Éi m¤úv`K n‡j ZrKvjxb miKv‡ii wb‡`©‡k wZwb †MÖdZvi nb| †R‡j _vKvKvjxb Zuvi Rxebv`‡k©i cwieZ©b nq| wZwb gvK©mev`x wPš—v-†PZbv ev` w`‡q ag©‡Kw›`ªK Rxebv`‡k© wbgMœ nb| G-mg‡qi fvebv m¤ú‡K© wZwb e‡jb, ÔG‡`‡k GKUv i¨vwWK¨vj msev`cÎ m¤úv`bv Ki‡Z †M‡j hv nq, Avgvi fv‡M¨I ZvB NU‡jv| A_©vr webv Kvi‡Y Avgvi †Rj n‡q †Mj| Avwg GK eQi webv wePv‡i XvKv †K›`ªxq KvivMv‡i AvUK _vKvi mgq nVvr Avgvi wcZvi Av‡`k cvj‡bi my‡hvM cvB| A_©vr GKLÊ cweÎ KziAvb Avgvi ¯¿x Avgv‡K †RjLvbvq w`‡q G‡j Avwg Zv A_©mn Av‡`¨vcvš— cvV Kiv ïi“ Kwi| Avi cÖ_g cv‡VB Avgvi kixi †Ku‡c I‡V| Gi Av‡M †Kv‡bv MÖš’ cv‡V Avgvi g‡a¨ Ggb f~wgK¤ú m„wó nqwb| †hb GK A‡jŠwKK wb‡`©‡k Avgvi g¯—K gvwU‡Z ¸wU‡q c‡o|Õ Avj gvngy` PZz_© Kve¨MÖš’ gvqvex c`©v `y‡j I‡Vv †_‡K gvK©mev`x `k©b Z¨vM K‡i Avj †Kvivb Øviv cÖfvweZ nb| †mvbvjx Kvweb ch©v‡q Zuvi Kwefvebv wQj GiKg : wKQyB _v‡K bv †Kb? Kv‡iv‡MU, Qb wKsev gvwUi †`qvj Muv‡qi Aq eU Dc‡o hvq PvUMuvi `vi“Y Zzdv‡b wPo Lvq c‡j¯—viv, wek¦v‡mi gZb wekvj ûogyo k‡ã Ae‡k‡l a‡m c‡o Avgv‡`i cvovi gmwR`| (ÔevZv‡mi †dbvÕ, †mvbvjx Kvweb) gvqvex c`©v `y‡j I‡Vv Kve¨MÖ‡š’ †mB a‡m cov cvovi gmwR`wU weaŸ¯— n‡q‡Q wfbœ `„wó‡Z Ñ Zey Avgvi g‡b n‡jv, aŸsm¯—~‡ci g‡a¨ KvZ n‡q cov M¤^yRwUB eywSev LvwbKUv DuPz n‡q Av‡Q| (Ôgvqvex c`©v `y‡j I‡VvÕ, gvqvex c`©v `y‡j I‡Vv) Avj gvngy` †mvbvjx Kvweb Kv‡e¨ †h-gmwR`‡K †f‡O †h‡Z †`‡LwQ‡jb, gZv`‡k©i cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y Zuvi Kv‡Q g‡b n‡”Q gmwR‡`i M¤^yRwU ÔLvwbKUv DuPzÕ n‡q Av‡Q| agx©q wek¦v‡mi cwieZ©b Gfv‡e Zuvi wPš—v‡PZbv I `„wófw½‡K Avg~j e`‡j w`‡q‡Q| mgvRZvwš¿K wec­‡ei g‡š¿ D¾xweZ Avj gvngy` cÖ_g w`‡K wj‡Lb : kÖwgK mv‡g¨i g‡š¿ wKiv‡Zi DwV‡q‡Q nvZ wn‡qbmv‡Oi †`‡k kvwš— bv‡g †`‡Lv wcÖqZgv, Gwkqvq hviv Av‡b Kg©Rxex mv‡g¨i `vIqvZ Zv‡`i †cvkv‡K G‡mv Gu‡U w`B ex‡ii Z‡Kvgv| Avgv‡`i ag© †nvK dm‡ji mylg eÈb cig ¯^w¯—i g‡š¿ †M‡q I‡Vv †kÖYxi D‡”Q`, (Ô†mvbvjx Kvweb 10Õ, †mvbvjx Kvweb) agx©q wek¦vm I ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vb e`‡ji ci Kwe Avj gvngy` KweZv wj‡Lb Gfv‡e Ñ gv‡S gv‡S ü`q hy‡×i Rb¨ nvnvKvi K‡i I‡V g‡b nq i³B mgvavb, evi“`B Awš—g Z…wß; Avwg ZLb ¯^‡cœi †fZi †Rnv`, †Rnv` e‡j †R‡M DwV| ... ... ...

AvR Avevi ü`‡q †Kej hy‡×i `vgvgv g‡b nq i‡³B dqmvjv| (ÔeLwZqv‡ii †NvovÕ, eLwZqv‡ii †Nvov) Avj gvngy` cÖPwjZ kvmbe¨e¯’v cwieZ©‡bi AvKv•¶v e¨³ K‡i †NvlYv K‡ib : ÔBmjvg‡K Avwg MÖnY K‡iwQ Avgvi Rxe‡bi mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb wn‡m‡e|Õ Zuvi g‡b cÖej aviYv R‡b¥‡Q †h, GKgvÎ BmjvgB cv‡i iv‡óªi mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z| LuvwU gymjgv‡bi g‡Zv ZvB †Zv wZwb GKRb Bgv‡gi AbymÜvb K‡ib|

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wZwb wj‡Lb Ñ P‡jv A‡c¶v Kwi †mB Bgv‡gi whwb bxj gmwR‡`i wgbvi †_‡K †b‡g Avm‡eb †gk‡Ki myiwf Qwo‡q co‡e c„w_exi `ytmn ew¯—‡Z| (Ôbxj gmwR‡`i BgvgÕ, eLwZqv‡ii †Nvov) Kgi“wÏb Avng` (R. 1965) GKRb Kwe I M‡elK| Avwki `kK †_‡K wZwb †jLv‡jwL ïi“ K‡ib| G ch©š— wZwb QqwU MÖ‡š’i RbK| Zuvi cÖKvwkZ MÖš’¸‡jv n‡jv Ñ kni †Q‡oB hv‡ev (2006), meyR my‡Li cyjK (2007), welv‡`i fvmv‡b RjR NvZK (2009), AvaywbK KweZv : cÖvmw½K we‡ePbv (2011), ü`q k•L Zx‡i (2013) Ges G-eQi †deª“qvwi‡Z cÖKvwkZ Zuvi wØZxq cÖeÜMÖš’ Avj gvngy` : Kwe I K_vwkíx (2015)| Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨ MÖš’ †k‡liwU| G-MÖ‡š’ M‡elK Kgi“wÏb Avng` Avj gvngy‡`i mgMÖ mvwnZ¨K‡g©i Av‡jvPbv Kivi cÖqvm †c‡q‡Qb| wZwb welqµg mvwR‡q‡Qb Gfv‡e Ñ Avengvb evsjvKv‡e¨ Avj gvngy`, †mvbvjx Kvweb : ˆRweK msK‡Ui wkíiƒc, Avj gvngy‡`i Q›` I Dcgv, Avj gvngy‡`i KweZvq KvwnwbKv‡e¨i LÊ-Av¯^v`, Avj gvngy` : e¨wZµgx Qovwkíx, Avj gvngy‡`i Dcb¨vm : bibvixi wewPÎ ü`¨Zvi mvZKvnb, WvûKx mgvR¯^xK…Z †cÖ‡gi RqMvb, gyw³hy‡×i Dcb¨vm Dcgnv‡`k, cvwievwiK Dcb¨vm A‡a©K gvbex, Kvwe‡ji †evb Øvw›ØK RwUjZvq ˆeaZvi eÜb, Avj gvngy‡`i †QvUMí, cÖvewÜK Avj gvngy`, Avj gvngy‡`i KweZvq b›`bZË¡ I †jvKms¯‹…wZ I Avj gvngy‡`i KweZvq wg‡_i e¨envi| wb‡gœ Kgi“wÏb Avng‡`i K‡qKwU cÖe‡Üi Av‡jvPbvi cÖqvm cve| †mvbvjx Kvweb : ˆRweK msK‡Ui wkíiƒc GB wk‡ivbv‡g wZwb Avj gvngy‡`i †mvbvjx Kvweb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i wKQy KweZvi Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb, ÔAvengvb evsjvi evOvwji Rxeb-hvcb, g„Zz¨i mxgv‡iLv‡K AwZµg K‡i fvlv Avi Ô†cÖggq Kv‡e¨Õi kc‡_i bv›`wbKZvq cvVKwPˇK cÖej SuvKzwb w`‡q hvq, Avj gvngy‡`i †mvbvjx Kvweb|... †jvK †jvKvš—i I Kv‡ji Kj‡m †`‡LwQ Kwei e¨w³MZ AvwZ¥K msKU| †mvbvjx Kvwe‡b G‡m cÖvavb¨ †c‡q‡Q ˆRweK msKU| †mvbvjx Kvwe‡bi c~‡e© cÖvwZw¯^KZv‡K Qyu‡Z cv‡ibwb Kwe| ZLb Kwei cÖavb fi wQj Kíbv, cÖwZfv Ges Abb¨ Kve¨fw½i Ici| †mvbvjx Kvwe‡b G‡m Gi m‡½ hy³ n‡q‡Q AvÂwjK fvlvixwZi aib| AvÂwjK fvlvixwZi wgkÖY Avj gvngy‡`i KweZv‡K ïay Awfbe K‡iwb, evsjv KweZvq AvaywbKZv‡K wZwiwk KweZvi ci eû`~i cÖmvwiZ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| GLv‡b G‡m Rxebvb‡›`i ci Avj gvngy`I cieZx© Kwe‡`i Kwe n‡q D‡V‡Qb|Õ (c„ 31 I 33)| Avj gvngy` Qov-mvwn‡Z¨ D¾¡jZvi ¯^v¶i †i‡L‡Qb| Qov I KweZv‡K wZwb Avjv`vfv‡e †`L‡Z bvivR| Kve¨Rxe‡bi cÖ_g w`‡K iwPZ cvwLi Kv‡Q dz‡ji Kv‡Q MÖš’wU‡K Qovi eB ej‡jI cieZx©Kv‡j Avjv`vfv‡e †Kv‡bv QovMÖš’ iPbv K‡ibwb| wewfbœ Kve¨MÖ‡š’ QovRvZxq iPbv¸‡jv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| Avie¨ iRbxi ivRnuvm, cÖniv‡š—i cvk‡div, GK P¶z nwiY, evi“`MÜx gvby‡li †`k BZ¨vw` Kve¨MÖ‡š’ Zuvi Qov-KweZv¸‡jv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| cvwK¯—vbwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb hLb Zz‡½, ZLb Kwe †j‡Lb Ô3-msL¨K m‡bUÕ| UªvK! UªvK! UªvK!/ Uªv‡Ki gy‡L Av¸b w`‡Z/ gwZqyi‡K WvK| †Kv_vq cv‡e gwZqyi‡K/ Nywg‡q Av‡Q †m| †ZvivB Z‡e †mvbv gvwbK/ Av¸b †R¡‡j †`| (ÔEbmˇii Qov-1Õ, cvwLi Kv‡Q dz‡ji Kv‡Q) Avj gvngy` wkï‡`i Dc‡hvMx wKQy D‡j­L‡hvM¨ Qov wj‡L‡Qb| GB Qov¸‡jv‡Z Kwei wkïg‡bi Awfe¨w³ PgrKvifv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q| †hgb Ñ

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K. Av¤§v e‡jb co‡i †mvbv/ AveŸv e‡jb gb †` cv‡V Avgvi gb e‡m bv/ KuvVvjPuvcvi M‡Ü| Avgvi †Kej B‡”Q Rv‡M/ b`xi Kv‡Q _vK‡Z| eKzjWv‡j jywK‡q †_‡K/ cvwLi g‡Zv WvK‡Z| (ÔcvwLi g‡ZvÕ, cvwLi Kv‡Q dz‡ji Kv‡Q) L. GKUv †Q‡j GB †Q‡jUv/ bL fiv Zvi gvwU gqjv nv‡Z Lvq †m Lvevi/ a‡i `y‡ai evwU| gvwQ fb fb gvwQ fb fb/ mw`©-fiv bvK bv‡Ki Dci co‡Q gvwQ/ †hb Kv‡Ki SuvK| GB †Q‡j Avi GB †g‡qUvi/ AmyL _v‡K †ivR, NÈv a‡i wMj‡Q ewo/ †evZj fiv †WvR| (ÔeuvPvi Rb¨Õ, GK P¶z nwiY) Avj gvngy` Kve¨PP©vi cvkvcvwk Mí-Dcb¨vmI iPbv K‡ib| Zuvi D‡j­L‡hvM¨ Dcb¨vm¸‡jv n‡jv Ñ †hfv‡e †e‡o DwV, Kvwe‡ji †evb, wbwk›`v ivbx, Dcgnv‡`k, A‡a©K gvbex, WvûKx, Av¸‡bi †g‡q, Kwe I †Kvjvnj BZ¨vw`| M‡elK Kgi“wÏb wKQy Dcb¨vm wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb d«‡q‡Wi g‡bvweKjb ZË¡, bi-bvixi †cÖgfvebv, †hŠb-Cl©v, mvgvwRKZv‡eva BZ¨vw` cÖm½ wb‡q Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Avj gvngy‡`i Mí wb‡q wek` †Kv‡bv we‡k­l‡Y hvbwb| A_P Avj gvngy` GKRb mdj MíKvi| Zuvi wZbwU AmvaviY Mí n‡”Q Ñ Ôcvb‡KŠwoi i³Õ, ÔRj‡ek¨vÕ I Ôgxievwoi KzimxbvgvÕ| b›`bZË¡ I †`kR ms¯‹…wZ, †jvKvqZ wek¦vm, BwZnvm I HwZn¨, cÖK…wZ I gvbyl, `vk©wbKZvi m‡½ AvaywbKZvi mgš^q mvab Zuvi KweZvq †hfv‡e G‡m‡Q, Ab¨ Kv‡iv KweZvq †mfv‡e Av‡mwb| Zuvi KweZvq evOvwji Avengvb Kv‡ji BwZnvm gyw`ªZ n‡q‡Q| bvix, bvixi kixix Kvg I †hŠbZv, †cÖg wg‡jwg‡k Zuvi KweZvi kixi MwVZ| wZwb †j‡Lb Ñ K. ïi“ †nvK †¯—vÎcvV MÜeZx †Zvgvi mybv‡g, cxZvf †auvqvi Z‡j Wy‡e _vK gw›`i-†`nwj, k•LgvRv ¯—b `ywU g‡b n‡e †k¦ZcÙ Kwj, j¾vq weeY© gb †X‡K hv‡e wµ‡mbw_gv‡g Ñ A_ev i‡³i bvP ïi“ n‡e wmçwbi myi e„wói k‡ãi g‡Zv g‡b n‡e †Zvgvi b~cyi| (ÔwmçwbÕ, †jvK †jvKvš—i) L. P‡ii gvwUi g‡Zv Ly‡j `vI kix‡ii fuvR D‡Mvj gv‡Qi gvsm Z…ß †nvK †Zvgvi Kv`vq, †Vuv‡Ui G-jv¶vi‡m wm³ K‡i bg© Kvi“KvR `ª“Z Wy‡e hvB G‡mv, N~Y©gvb i‡³i auvavq| (Ô3-msL¨K m‡bUÕ, †mvbvjx Kvweb) Avj gvngy`‡K wb‡q B‡Zvg‡a¨ A‡b‡K M‡elYv K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ BqvnBqv gvbœvb `y‡Uv MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_gwU Avj gvngy` I wewPÎ Abyl½ Ges wØZxqwU Avj gvngy‡`i Dcb¨vm welq wPš—v| KvR‡j›`y †` iPbv K‡ib Avj gvngy‡`i KweK…wZ bvgK c~Y©v½ MÖš’| Zvici dRjyj nK Zzwnb iPbv K‡ib Avj gvngy‡`i KweZv welq I wkíiƒc| me©‡kl Avgiv †cjvg Kwe I cÖvewÜK Kgi“wÏb Avng`-iwPZ Avj gvngy` : Kwe I K_vwkíx †deª“qvwi 2015 mv‡j| Avj gvngy`‡K wb‡q †kl K_v ejvi mgq GL‡bv nqwb| MZ 11 RyjvB Avj gvngy` Avwk eQ‡i c`vc©Y K‡i‡Qb| Kwe Avj gvngy` mvwn‡Z¨i cÖwZwU kvLvq mvd‡j¨i ¯^v¶i †i‡L‡Qb| Avgiv Avkv Kwi, AvMvgx w`b¸‡jv‡Z wZwb Avgv‡`i Av‡iv A‡bK fv‡jv fv‡jv mvwnZ¨-iPbv Dcnvi †`‡eb| 

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eDVv‡bi Aby‡iv‡a jxjv ivq D`&‡hvMx n‡q Avjvwcbxi mw¤§wjZ cÖqv‡m iex›`ªbv‡_i evwo Ôk¨vgjxÕ‡Z ÔAvb›` cvVkvjvÕ ïi“ K‡ib| jxjv I Avjvwcbxi Ab¨ m`m¨MY cv‡ki MÖv‡g wM‡q mš—vb cvjb I ¯^v¯’¨i¶vi c×wZ m¤ú‡K© MÖv‡gi gwnjv‡`i civgk© w`‡Zb| M‡í M‡í 1953 mv‡ji mvwnZ¨‡gjvi cÖm½ G‡jv, cÖavb D‡`¨v³v Abœ`vk¼i ivq, mn‡hvMx‡`i g‡a¨ jxjv ivqI wQ‡jb| ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—vb †_‡K †h-PviRb mvwnwZ¨K †gjvq †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb, Zuv‡`i gv‡S Zuvi fvlvwk¶K gbmyiDÏxbI wQ‡jb| kvwš—wb‡KZ‡bi Av‡kcv‡ki `k©bxq ¯’v‡bi K_v wR‡Ám Ki‡j wZwb BjvgevRv‡i ARq b`xi Zx‡i evDj‡`i Av¯—vbvi K_v e‡jb| ILvbKvi cÖexY evDj bebx `vm I Zuvi cyÎ c~Y©P›`ª `v‡mi m‡½ Iu‡`i NwbôZv wQj| evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci PÆMÖv‡g evDj c~Y©P›`ª `v‡mi Abyôvb †`‡LwQ| GKevi †Uiv‡KvUvi KvR †`Lvi Rb¨ BjvgevRv‡iI wM‡qwQjvg| jxjv ivq M‡íi duv‡K duv‡K Bs‡iwR mnRcv‡Vi cvÊywjwc ˆZwi Ki‡Qb| eBwU gv I †Q‡j cyY¨‡k­vK wg‡j wj‡LwQ‡jb| iex›`ªfe‡b mb&Rx`v LvZz‡bi m‡½ †`Lv n‡jv| KjKvZvi weL¨vZ cÖKvkK I `y®úÖvc¨ eB‡qi †`vKvb myeY©‡iLvi gvwjK I mvwnwZ¨K gn‡ji NwbôRb B›`ªbv_ gRyg`v‡ii mv¶vr †cjvg| ILv‡b myeY©‡iLvi kvLv Kivi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡”Qb| jxjv Avgv‡`i cÖfvZKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z ej‡jb| we‡K‡j †Mjvg| Iui cyÎ Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡jb| cÖfvZKzgvi A¨vj‡SBgv‡i fzM‡Qb, eviv›`vq GKUv BwR‡Pqv‡i e‡m Av‡Qb| BKevj Ii bvg ejv‡Z wPb‡Z †c‡i ej‡jb, ÔZzwg Avgvq GKUv wPwV wj‡LwQ‡j|Õ cyi‡bv K_v Zuvi g‡b Av‡Q, bZzb wKQzB g‡b _v‡K bv| †Q‡ji m‡½ Iui covi N‡i †Mjvg, DB‡cvKv Iui eû cvÊywjwc bó K‡i‡Q| evwo wd‡i Zuv‡K mvivw`‡bi Mí ejZvg| wZwb wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Kwe‡K †jLv Kvi Kvi wPwV cvIqv †M‡Q| kvwš—wb‡KZ‡b evmKv‡j K‡qKUv w`b Avgv‡`i cÖwZ jxjv iv‡qi g‡bv‡hvM I AvwZ‡_qZv Avgv‡`i gy» K‡iwQj| KjKvZvq †divi w`b †fviiv‡Z Avgv‡K †W‡K Qv‡` wb‡q †M‡jb Zviv †`Lvi D‡Ï‡k¨| K‡qKwU ZvivI †Pbv‡jb| †fvi‡ejvq `y‡Uv wiK&kvq †÷k‡b iIbv njvg| Gevi †evjcyi bq, Mš—e¨ cÖvwš—K †÷kb| D‡Ïk¨ Avgv‡`i †KvcvB b`x †`Lv‡bv| AvKv‡k m~h© IVvi cÖ¯‘wZ Pj‡Q, jvj Avfv, iex›`ªbv‡_i Ô†QvU b`xÕi cvk w`‡q hvw”Q| b`xi cv‡o kvwš—wb‡KZ‡bi QvÎQvÎxiv e‡m Av‡Q| Avwg Avi jxjv ivq cvkvcvwk GK wiK&kvq| AvKvk I b`x wg‡j †h ˆbmwM©K †mŠ›`h© m„wó K‡i‡Q, Zv‡Z gy» Avwg A‡bK¶Y †Nv‡ii g‡a¨ wQjvg| GL‡bv Avgvi ¯§„wZ‡Z †mB `„k¨ Agwjb| cÖvwš—K †÷k‡b †cuŠ‡Q †`wL c­¨vUdg© †bB| jxjv iv‡qi †Uª‡b DV‡Z Lye Kó n‡qwQj| K‡ói K_vUzKz Iui ARvbv wQj bv| cÖK…wZi GB Abe`¨ †mŠ›`h© Avgv‡`i †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨B Zuvi GB Kó¯^xKvi| Avgvi Rb¨ Av‡iv we¯§q A‡c¶v KiwQj| †Uª‡b emvi RvqMv †bB, GKRb Kgeqmx †Q‡j Iu‡K RvqMv †Q‡o w`‡jv| Lvwj RvqMvq wZwb evievi Avgv‡K emv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡Qb; ZLb Iui eqm wZnvËi, Avgvi mvZvk| jxjvi e³e¨, Iu‡`i A‡f¨m Av‡Q| ¯^qs wek¦fviZxi ZrKvjxb DcvPvh© A¤­vb `ˇKI emvi RvqMv bv †c‡j `uvwo‡q †h‡Z nq| Avwg hLb Zuv‡K †evSvjvg, Avwg em‡j †Q‡jwU A‡kvfb gš—e¨ Ki‡e, ZLb wZwb em‡jb| kvwš—wb‡KZb †_‡K †divi ci Avwg gv‡S gv‡S jxjv iv‡qi d¬¨v‡U †hZvg| wZwb Zuvi †jLvi Mí Ki‡Zb, Zuvi AZx‡Zi Mí Ki‡Zb| gvZ…f~wg Z¨v‡Mi Pwj­k eQi ci gv‡K †`L‡Z

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Av‡gwiKv wM‡qwQ‡jb| Amy¯’ gv †g‡q‡K wPb‡Z cv‡ibwb| †`Lv bv n‡jI gv‡qi m‡½ gv‡S gv‡S Zuvi cÎvjvc n‡Zv| Avgvi m‡½ mš—vb‡`i Mí Ki‡Zb Ñ cyÎ cyY¨‡k­vK, Avb›`iƒc, Kb¨v Rqv I Z…wßi Mí| cyY¨‡k­vK I Z…w߇K Avwg Iu‡`i evwo‡Z †`wL| Z…wßi m‡½ Avjvc Kwi‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb| Z…wß ZLb †ewi‡q hvw”Q‡jb| †g‡q‡`i cÖm ‡½ gv‡qi Awfgvb Ñ KjKvZvq `wR© k¯—v e‡j †g‡qiv ïay `wR©evwoi Rb¨ KjKvZv Av‡m| eo cy‡Îi cÖm½ IVvq AvßevK¨ e‡jwQ‡jb : cix¶vq me mg‡q cÖ_g nIqv fv‡jv bq, Rxe‡b Gi e¨Z¨q NU‡j †m †g‡b wb‡Z cv‡i bv| GKevi Iui Rb¥w`‡b bvZwbi cvVv‡bv Dcnvi †`Lv‡jb| GKUv ev_©‡W Kv‡W© †bK‡jm Gu‡K bvZwb Av‡gwiKv †_‡K cvwV‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv e¨vcv‡i Abœ`vk¼i Amwnòz n‡j wZwb KzÉv cÖKvk Ki‡Zb| gv‡S gv‡S mim gš—e¨I Ki‡Zb; Avwk eQ‡ii ey‡ov we‡`ªvn K‡i‡Q| Aby”P¯^‡i wZwb cÖPzi Mí e‡j †h‡Zb| c~e©vci wewfbœ NUbv m¤ú‡K© wb‡Ri gš—e¨ Zz‡j ai‡Zb| gv‡S gv‡S G-K_vI ej‡Zb, Ô†Zvgvi g‡b n‡”Q eywo ïay eKeK Ki‡Q|Õ cÖwZev` Rvwb‡q e‡jwQ, Avwg Iui mvwbœa¨jv‡f ab¨ n‡qwQ| Iui K_v †_‡KB Dcjwä Kwi, cvðvZ¨ I cÖvP¨ `yB GKvKvi n‡q Zuvi Rxebv`k© M‡o D‡V‡Q| Avgvi KjKvZv evmKv‡j m‡Üi c‡i GK weL¨vZ Kwei Kb¨v w_‡qUvi †ivW a‡i †nu‡U hvw”Q‡jb, cywjk †Rvi K‡i Zuv‡K Mvwo‡Z Zz‡j †bq fvmgvb cwZZv m‡›`‡n| GB NUbvq myax mgv‡R cÖej cÖwZwµqv N‡UwQj, mie n‡qwQj cwÎKv¸‡jv| NUbvi wb›`v K‡iI jxjv ivq gš—e¨ K‡iwQ‡jb †g‡qwUi D‡Ï‡k Ñ ÔGZ cwðgv †`‡k Ny‡i‡Q, Ii †Zv Rvbvi K_v wkKv‡Mvi g‡Zv RvqMvqI †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv GjvKvq m‡Üi c‡i †g‡qiv e¨v‡M wc¯—j iv‡L|Õ Avwg †`‡LwQ wZnvËi eQi eq‡m e¨vs‡Ki KvR, B‡jKwUªK wej †`Iqv BZ¨vw` cv‡q †nu‡U iv¯—v cvi n‡q wb‡RB Ki‡Zb| mvwnwZ¨K nIqvi AwfcÖv‡q mvwnwZ¨K Abœ`vk¼i ivq‡K we‡q K‡ibwb jxjv ivq| cÖ_g w`‡K wZwb ej‡Zb, ÔDwb K‡ib mvwn‡Z¨i †mev, Avwg Kwi mvwnwZ¨‡Ki †mev|Õ Z‡e mvwn‡Z¨i cÖwZ AbyivM wQj; jywK‡q KweZv wjL‡Zb| AvBwmGm ¯^vgx Abœ`vk¼‡ii PvKwim~‡Î cwðg I c~e©e‡½i eû kni Ny‡i‡Qb| GB mg‡qB evOvwji hvwcZ Rxeb, gvwU I gvby‡li m‡½ Zuvi cwiPq N‡U‡Q| 1933-G XvKv evmKv‡j weØrmgv‡Ri ms¯ú‡k© Av‡mb| XvKvq ZLb fvIqvj mbœ¨vmxi gvgjvi ïbvwb ïi“ nq; cÎcwÎKvi gyL¨ welq GB gvgjv| ¯^vgxi m‡½ jxjv †Kv‡U© †h‡Zb gvgjvi mIqvj-Reve ïb‡Z, wKš‘ AwaKvsk evsjvB wZwb eyS‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| GB mg‡q m‡Z¨b emy Zuv‡K

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e‡jb, †h-fvlvi mvwnZ¨ †m-fvlvq co‡jB Zvi im Av¯^v`b Kiv hvq| GB Dcjwä †_‡K wZwb bZzb K‡i evsjv †kLv ïi“ Ki‡jb| ïay cov bq| †jLvi Rb¨I cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡jb| gbbkxj iPbvi gva¨‡g Zuvi mvwnZ¨Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek| kirP‡›`ªi g„Zz¨i c‡i wZwb kir-mvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡K© †h-cÖeÜ iPbv K‡ib, †mwU wQj Zuvi cÖ_g cÖeÜ| wc.B.G‡bi gyLc‡Î GB iPbvcÖKv‡ki ga¨ w`‡q Zuvi mgv‡jvPK Rxe‡bi m~Pbv| KwecÖqv‡Y cÎcwÎKvi †jLv‡RvLv Aej¤^‡b iex›`ªwelqK wbeÜ ˆZwi K‡ib| Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii mvwnwZ¨K cwiPq me©cÖ_g Zz‡j a‡ib jxjv ivq| GB Kvjce©wU Zuvi mvwnZ¨PP©vi m~PbvjMœ| ZL‡bv ¯^íL¨vZ †mv‡gb P‡›`i Mí wb‡q Av‡jvPbv cÖKvk K‡ib| bexb †jLK‡`i wkíKg©‡K wZwb we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb| c~e©evsjvi PviRb cÖwZkÖ“wZkxj Zi“Y Kwei m¤¢vebv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ K‡ib wZwb Ges KjKvZvi

mvwnZ¨Rxe‡b Abyev`K wn‡m‡e jxjv ivq me©vwaK cwiwPwZ I m¤§vb jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| Abœ`vk¼i-iwPZ I wc.B.Gb. †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Bengali Literature : A Historical Survey

bv‡g evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡mi evsjv Kv‡e¨i D×…wZ¸‡jvi Abyev` K‡ib jxjv ivq| wZbR‡bi KweZvi AvaywbK cÖeYZv kbv³ K‡ib| wZwb w¯’i K‡ib, ¯^vgxi e`wji PvKwi Dcj‡¶ †hLv‡b hv‡eb †mLvbKvi †jLK‡`i m¤ú‡K© wjL‡eb| GBfv‡e exif~‡g Zvivk¼‡ii Dcb¨vm wb‡q Ges gqgbwms‡n D‡c›`ªwK‡kvi ivq‡PŠayix I `w¶YviÄb wgÎ-gRyg`v‡ii wkïmvwnZ¨ wel‡q mgv‡jvPbv †j‡Lb| gqgbwms‡n iwPZ Av‡iKwU wbe‡Ü `x‡bkP›`ª †mb-m¤úvw`Z ˆggbwms-MxwZKvi Amv¤cÖ`vwqK `„wófw½ mÜvb K‡ib| gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi Ag„Zm¨cyÎvt, mniZjx, wPý, mniev‡mi BwZK_v, `c©Y cÖf…wZ Dcb¨vm Ges †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ I AwPš—¨Kzgvi †mb¸‡ßi iPbv wb‡q wbeÜ cÖKvk K‡iwQ‡jb| bRi“‡ji wZàvbœZg Rb¥w`‡b Mvb I mvwnZ¨K‡g©i Abb¨Zv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| wc.B.G‡bi cwÎKvq `yB evsjvi †jLK‡`i wel‡q iPbv K‡ib wbeÜ| gyn¤§` gbmyiDÏx‡bi nvivgwY Av‡jvPbv K‡ib Dchy³ D×…wZm‡gZ| wef~wZf~lY e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi g„Zz¨‡Z Zuvi mvwnZ¨-wk‡íi wewkóZv kbv³ K‡ib| eûiƒcx bvU¨‡Mvôxi AwfbxZ bvUK m¤ú‡K©I cÖKvk K‡ib mgv‡jvPbv| Dwj­wLZ iPbvw` QvovI jxjv ivq AmsL¨ cÖ e Ü cÖ Y qb K‡ib| wc.B.G‡bi m¤úvw`Kv

†mvwdqv Iqvw`qvi Drmvn I AvMÖ‡n jxjv mvwnZ¨PP©vq AbycÖvwYZ n‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb jxjv‡K DØy× K‡ib, eû iPbv wc.B.G‡bi gyLc‡Î wbqwgZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| jxjvi mvwnZ¨Rxe‡bi m~Pbvj‡Mœ †mvwdqvi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv I Ae`vb wQj| mvwnZ¨Rxe‡b Abyev`K wn‡m‡e jxjv ivq me©vwaK cwiwPwZ I m¤§vb jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| Abœ`vk¼i-iwPZ I wc.B.Gb. †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Bengali Literature : A Historical Survey bv‡g evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡mi evsjv Kv‡e¨i D×…wZ¸‡jvi Abyev` K‡ib jxjv ivq| GwUB Zuvi cÖ_g Abyev`| cÖ_g cÖ_g †QvUMí Abyev` K‡i †÷Umg¨vb, Ag„ZevRvi cwÎKv, wn›`y¯’vb ÷¨vÛvW© cÖf…wZ ˆ`wbK cwÎKvi †µvocÎ I Bjv‡÷ª‡UW DBKwj‡Z gyw`ªZ K‡ib, G¸‡jv cvVKmgv‡R mgv`„Z nq| wc.B.Gb.-cÖKvwkZ jxjvi cÖeܸ‡jv Bs‡iwR‡Z A Challenging Decade : Bengali Literature in the Forties bv‡g wW.Gg. jvB‡eªwi †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| Zuvi Abyev`MÖš’ Broken Bread-G wef~wZf~lY, Zvivk¼i, †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ, AwPš—¨Kzgvi, eyׇ`e emy, gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, Abœ`vk¼i, my‡eva †Nvl I b‡i›`ª wg‡Îi Mí Ab~w`Z n‡qwQj| w¶wZ‡gvnb †m‡bi evsjvi evDj The Bauls of Bengal bv‡g Abyev` K‡ib| GB c‡e©B jxjv evDj Rxeb I mvabv m¤ú‡K© AvMÖnx nb| Aa¨vcK mywRrKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi (ms¯‹…Z I cvwj fvlvq we‡klÁ) wbe©vwPZ GK¸”Q ms¯‹…Z †k­v‡Ki Bs‡iwR Abyev` K‡ib The Path of Universal Love bvg w`‡q; MÖš’wU wek¦fviZx †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| we‡bvev fv‡ei Abymvix f~`vbhÁ-Kgx©‡`i Aby‡iv‡a fviZxq msweav‡bi †gŠwjK AwaKvi AskwU mnR evsjvq Abyev` K‡ib| BD‡bm&‡Kvi wek¦mvwn‡Z¨i Abyev‡`i ZvwjKvq mZxbv_ fv`yoxi RvMix MÖš’wU wQj, MÖš’wU Bs‡iwR Abyev‡`i `vwqZ¡ c‡o Zuvi Ici| 1961 mv‡j †iv‡g AbywôZ ivDÛ †Uwej Kbdv‡iÝ Ab Uªv݇jk‡b fviZxq cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e jxjv ivq Avgwš¿Z nb| wd‡i G‡m wZwb gš—e¨ K‡ib, Abyev‡`i gva¨‡gB fvi‡Zi AvÂwjK fvlvi mvwnZ¨ wfbœfvlx cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q cwiwPZ n‡Z cv‡i| Abyev‡`i KvRwU‡K †ckv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ †`Iqv DwPZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ †ckvi g‡Zv GB †ckvq cVbcvV‡bi cÖwk¶Y cÖ‡qvRb| GB mg‡q wewfbœ AvÂwjK fvlvi Abyev‡`i Rb¨ Zuvi Kv‡Q Aby‡iva Av‡m| Iwoqv mvwnwZ¨K Kvwj›`xPiY cvwYMÖvnxi †jLv gvwUi gwbl ¯^qs †jLK I Abœ`vk¼i iv‡qi mn‡hvwMZvq A House Undivided bv‡g wZwb fvlvš—i K‡ib| ebdz‡ji Aby‡iv‡a Zuvi Dcb¨vm fzeb †mvgI Abyev` K‡ib| jxjv iv‡qi Abyev`-mvwn‡Z¨i ZvwjKv `xN©| KL‡bv Aby‡iv‡a, KL‡bv †¯^”Qvq wZwb fvlvš—‡i wjß n‡qwQ‡jb| 1968 mv‡j Uªv݇jUi †mvmvBwU Ae BwÛqv cÖwZwôZ nq| jxjv ivq nb mfvcwZ| GB mgq On Translation bv‡g GKwU cyw¯—Kv iPbv K‡ib| jxjv ivq Pjw”PÎ-RM‡Zi m‡½I m¤ú„³ nb| mZ¨wRr iv‡qi Akwbms‡KZ †_‡K N‡i-evB‡i ch©š— me Pjw”P‡Îi Bs‡iwR mveUvB‡Uj †j‡Lb| c‡_i cuvPvwj wPÎbv‡U¨i Bs‡iwR Abyev` K‡ib| dwUKPuv‡`i ZiRgv K‡ib| M‡`¨i m‡½ KweZv Abyev‡` nvZ †`b, evsjv †_‡K Bs‡iwR Ges wewfbœ fvlv †_‡K evsjvq| jxjv ivq-iwPZ Bs‡iwR KweZv †`‡k I we‡`‡ki cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| Zuvi GKwU KweZvi msKjb Entrance cÖKvwkZ nq| GwU Zuvi cÖ_g KweZvi eB| we‡`wk cÎ-cwÎKvq Zuvi Bs‡iwR cÖeÜ I Av‡jvPbv cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| Rxe‡bi †k‡li w`‡K wZwb evsjvq KweZv †jLv ïi“ K‡ib Ges Zv cÎ-cwÎKvq gyw`ªZ n‡qwQj| wKš‘ Amy¯’Zvi Rb¨ MÖš’vKv‡i cÖKvk cvqwb|

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†m-my‡hvM †bB| Zv‡K †KD Ny‡gv‡Z †`‡e bv| ZvB Ny‡gv‡bvi B‡”QB †m Z¨vM K‡i‡Q| GKgvÎ ag©N‡Ui cÖZx¶v| ag©NU n‡j cywj‡ki Mvwo Qvov Avi †KvbI Mvwo mB‡Z nq bv Zv‡K| wKš‘ eivnbM‡ii me iv¯—v Rv‡b Ñ cywj‡ki Mvwoi IRb `ye©n|Õ (emyaviv) Ggb AvcvZ-wbwj©ß fw½‡Z KweZvNb M‡`¨ cwicvk¦©, Pwi‡Îi Mfxi g‡bi K_v cÖKvk Kivi Av‡qvRb †`wL ˆmq` IqvjxDj­vni Puv‡`i Agvem¨vq Ñ Ô`ycyi‡ejvq B¯‹z‡ji wekÖvgN‡i AvZ¥cÖeÂbvi K_vwU hyeK wk¶K me©cÖ_g Avcb-g‡b ¯^xKvi K‡i| e¯‘Z, ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z †m eva¨ nq| me©cÖKvi †Póvi †kl n‡q‡Q, wK K‡i Zvi KÕw`be¨vcx gvbwmK wenŸjZvi mZ¨ KviY wb‡Ri Kv‡Q Avi †X‡K iv‡L? m‡½ m‡½ †h-b¨vqev‡bi †k¦Z‡mŠa †m m„wó K‡iwQj Zv wb‡g‡l a~wjmvr nq| wb‡Ri Kv‡QB †m wb‡R aiv c‡o‡Q Ae‡k‡l : †Kv_vI Avi GKwU cÖvPxi `uvwo‡q bvB hvi cðv‡Z †m AvZ¥‡Mvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i|Õ A_ev Ñ ÔAK¯§vr gy¯—dvi cÖej R¡i ïi“ nq| ZeviK fyBTv c~Y©-D`¨‡g R¡ivµvš— wbtm½ gynv¤§` gy¯—dvi †mev-kÖ“kÖƒlvq †j‡M hvq| GKw`b iv‡Z gynv¤§` gy¯—dv †`L‡Z cvq ZeviK fyB Tv weQvbvi cv‡k `uvwo‡q w¯’i`„wó‡Z Zvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q i‡q‡Q| mnmv †m GKwU Kɯ^iI ïb‡Z cvq| Z‡e †m eyS‡Z cv‡i, Kɯ^iwU ZeviK fyBTvi bq, wb‡RiB Kɯ^i| AKvi‡YB †m †hb PgwKZ n‡q c‡o, AKvi‡Y G-R‡b¨ †h wb‡Ri Kɯ^i ïb‡j PgwKZ nevi †Kv‡bv h_v_© KviY †bB| Zvici Nigq mnmv bxieZv bv‡e| A‡bK¶Y †m-bxieZv RgvU n‡q _v‡K, †h-bxieZvi g‡a¨ evB‡i †Kv_vI we`y¨rMwZ‡Z P°i w`‡Z _vKv GKwU ev`y‡oi Avwef©ve n‡j †m-ev`y‡oi kã, c‡i `~‡i †Kv_vI GKwU weovj-Qvbv ¶xY-KvZi K‡É Kuv`‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j †m-Kvbœvi kã Ñ Gme D”Pie aviY K‡i| ZeviK fyBTv †Kgb PÂj n‡q GKevi nvZ-cvLvwU Zz‡j †bq, ci¶‡Y †ivMxi Z…òv †c‡q _vK‡e †f‡e cyuwZ-†Svjv‡bv Rvwj w`‡q XvKv cvwbi †MjvmwU IVvq|Õ (Kuv‡`v b`x Kuv‡`v) hw`I ˆmq` mv‡n‡ei Kvwnwb-wbg©vY cÖKi‡Yi m‡½ ewni‡½ GK KYvI wgj †bB wZ‡jvËgvi m„R‡bi, wKš‘ GB Rxeb †`Lvi AvcvZ-wbwj©wßi m‡½ †hb Zuvi AvwZ¥K ms‡hvM! wZ‡jvËgvi cÖKvkfw½i ¯^KxqZv Av‡Q| IB ¯^vZš¿¨ †Kv_vq? ˆewkó¨B ev Kx? Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnwb engvb, KL‡bv †jL‡Ki K_‡b, KL‡bv Pwi‡Îi msjv‡c| Zvi Mfxi g‡bi K_vq DrmvwiZ n‡”Q Rxeb‡eva, `vk©wbK we‡k­lY, `uvwo‡q co‡Q Zvi

Rivqyi †fZi †_‡K dzj †ewi‡q G‡j wkïwU hLb wew”Qbœ nq, †m wkïwU‡K AÜKv‡i L‡oi Ici bMœ Rbbxi ey‡Ki Kv‡Q †i‡L †ei n‡q hvq Ges AvKv‡ki w`‡K gyL DuPz K‡i †`‡L †h, Puv` µ‡g ivûi MÖvm †_‡K †ei n‡q Av‡m Ges Mv‡Qi cvZvq Ges cÖvš—i Ry‡o †R¨vrøv S‡i co‡Z _v‡K 37

AvPi‡Yi c¶-wec‡¶i hyw³, hv Av`‡Z †jL‡KiB K_v| wKš‘ GKwUev‡ii Rb¨I Kvwnwbi engvbZv ¶zYœ n‡”Q bv| mevB nvZ aivawi K‡i wg‡jwg‡k Pj‡Q IB g~j cÖev‡ni m‡½| e¯‘Z cÖevnwUi mnvqK wµqv Zviv| GB Kvi‡YB, Avgiv `k©b wKsev gb¯—Ë¡ wkLe e‡j wZ‡jvËgv co‡Z ewm bv| RxebcÖev‡ni GK ms‡e`x iƒc Dc‡fvM Kie e‡j Zuvi Dcb¨vm cwo| A‡b‡KB wZ‡jvËgv-cÖm‡½ †hŠbZv †U‡b Av‡bb| Zv e¨vL¨v Kivi †Póv Kiv hvK| †hŠbZv wb‡q cÖwZwU gvby‡li wbR¯^Zv Av‡Q, Zv †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó Quv‡P †djv hvq bv| wZ‡jvËgv Zuvi m„R‡b †mB ˆewPΨ †`Lvevi mr †Póv K‡i‡Qb Mfxi Awfwb‡e‡k| d‡j Zuvi †hŠbZv wbQK †hŠbZvi cÖ`k©b bq, Zv n‡q I‡V m¤ú‡K©i RwUj ¯—i cÖKv‡ki gva¨g| GB RwUjZv cÖengvb †mB Avw`g hyM †_‡KB| Avw`g Dj½ gvbe-gvbexI, b„ZË¡we`-mgvRweÁvbxiv Rvwb‡q‡Qb, m½‡gi mgq Lyu‡R wb‡Z †P‡q‡Q Avovj| ¯^vfvweK Af¨v‡m, cÖPwjZ ixwZ Abyhvqx, nq‡Zv †Kv‡bv †Mvôx‡bÎx m½g K‡i Zvi cy‡Îi m‡½, nq‡Zv †mB cyÎ †c‡q‡Q ZviB ¯^vgxi gh©v`v, †mB bvixI AKvi‡Y cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z Pvqwb Zvi †hvwb‡`k| e„× XvK‡Z †P‡q‡Q Zvi wkkœ| A_©vr mf¨Zvi Rb¥j‡MœB GB ˆbwZKZv-A‰bwZKZvi Ø›Ø| †mB Avw`ce© †_‡KB Lvov †gi“`Ê cvIqv †nv‡gv †mwc‡q‡Ýi GwUB PvwiwÎK ˆewkó¨| GwUB Zvi aib| AZGe, AvaywbK bi-bvixi m¤úK© †h Av‡iv RwUj, RwUjZi n‡e Zv wb‡q †Zv ZK© n‡Z cv‡i bv| Ges †mB AvaywbK RwUjZvi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ¯—i cÖKvwkZ wZ‡jvËgvi iPbvq| hZ`~i ey‡SwQ, †hŠbZv wb‡q gvby‡li ÔwØPvwiZvÕ †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ †jLK †Kvgi †eu‡a bv‡gbwb, wZwb †`Lv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb Rxe‡bi GKwU mZ¨‡K| Zuvi wecyj AwfÁZv-cÖm~Z †jLvq †mB Rxe‡bi mZ¨ n‡q D‡V‡Q wk‡íi mZ¨| hv g¨vw·g †MvwK©i fvlvq, Ô¯^vaxb, gy³ gvby‡li ag©Õ| Av‡iv GK K_v, wZ‡jvËgv Z_vKw_Z †dwgwb÷ bb| huviv K_vq K_vq cyi“l-we‡Øl cÖKvk K‡ib, Zuv‡`i m‡½ †jL‡Ki Avwo| Zuvi Kv‡Q mevB gvbyl| wZwb Zwbœôfv‡e we‡k­lY K‡ib †mB wewPÎ, Pjgvb gvby‡li †cÖg-A‡cÖg, †hŠbZv-ˆkZ¨, mvij¨-KzwUjZv Z_v Zvi PvwiΨ| †hŠbZv cÖm‡½ †jL‡Ki †h-Dcb¨vm¸wji K_v mvaviYfv‡e ejv n‡q _v‡K Zv n‡jv Ñ Puv‡`i Mv‡q Puv`, cÖnvY Avi kvgyK‡Lvj| cÖ_‡g Puv‡`i Mv‡q Puv`| 228 cvZvi AvL¨vwqKvwUi cÖ_g 28 cvZvq Abe`¨ mshg-`¶Zvq, gvÎ K‡qKwU Z‡_¨i AuvP‡o †jLK ÔAe‡jvKbÕ Kwi‡q‡Qb bvixeÂbvi BwZnv‡mi fi‡K›`ªwU‡K, hv bvwK bvix Avevm M‡o IVvi cÖv_wgK, ¸i“Z¡c~Y© hyw³| Zvic‡i NUbvi ïi“ DËi KjKvZvi GK bvix-Avev‡m, †hLv‡b QvÎxiv Av‡m Zv‡`i eqtmwÜKv‡j, K‡jR cÖ‡e‡ki mgq| Kvwnwb GwM‡q‡Q kÖ“wZ, †kÖqmx Avi †`eiƒcvi wbf©‡i| †hLv‡b gd¯^j †_‡K KjKvZvi K‡j‡R co‡Z Avmv kÖ“wZ †`L‡Q Zvi N‡ii Ab¨ `yB AvevwmK †kÖqmx Avi †`eiƒcvi µg-NwbôZv| †m Abyaveb Ki‡Q| AvewZ©Z n‡”Q †`eiƒcv-†kÖqmxi m¤úK©‡K †K›`ª K‡i| Zvi †PZbv cwiYZ n‡”Q| †`eiƒcvi g‡a¨ µgk cyi“lfve, KZ…©Z¡ evo‡Q| †m kvmb Ki‡Q, AwaKvi Ki‡Q, cÖvq MÖvm Ki‡Z PvB‡Q †kÖqmx‡K| †kÖqmxi g‡a¨I AvZ¥mgc©Y| µgk ¯’vwcZ n‡”Q mgwj½-†cÖg| ivwˇi kÖ“wZi Kv‡b Av‡m †`eiƒcv-†kÖqmxi GKvš— msjvc Ñ Ñ G Kx! eªv c‡i AvwQm? GZ¶Y eªv †Lvjvi mgq cvmwb?

38

Ñ Avgvi B‡”Q K‡iwb, Lywjwb! e¨m! Ñ eªv †Lvj| e‡jwQ bv, ivwˇi eªv c‡i _vKwe bv| Ñ _vKe| †ek Kie| Dt...D...D... Ñ Avevi K_v| †`wL, Avwg Ly‡j w`B| kÖ“wZi †PZbvq we‡ùviY N‡U‡Q, hLb †m GK ga¨iv‡Z nVvr Av‡jv †R¡‡j †`L‡Q †`eiƒcv-†kÖqmxi kvixwiK wgjb Ñ Ô...`yÕLvwb †Mvj Puv` †hb-ev hy³ Av‡Q| Ges Dcyo Kiv †Mvjv‡U †m Puv‡` cuvP cuvP `kLvwb AvOyj †hb ev evRv‡”Q g„`½g...|Õ kÖ“wZ jvBU R¡vjv‡Z Iiv wei³| †bfv‡Z e‡j‡Q| kÖ“wZ †bfvqwb| wKš‘ †m †h I‡`i ˆbKU¨‡K A‰bwZK †f‡e‡Q, Zv bq| eis KvbvNy‡lvq I‡`i ˆbK‡U¨i Lei hviv †R‡bwQj, †nv‡÷‡ji †mB msL¨vMwiô AvevwmK †`eiƒcv-†kÖqmxi wei“‡× `uvwo‡q Zv‡`i ewn®‹v‡ii `vwe Zzj‡j, kÖ“wZ, Awfhy³‡`i Ôi“g‡gUÕ wn‡m‡e hvi mv¶¨ AZxe ¸i“‡Z¡i, ¯úó Rvwb‡q w`‡q‡Q, †m wem`„k wKQy †`‡Lwb †Kv‡bvw`b| Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i kÖ“wZ †`eiƒcv-†kÖqmxi cv‡kB `uvwo‡q‡Q| cÖwZfvZ n‡q‡Q kÖ“wZ PwiÎwUi `vX©¨ Ges Ab¨‡`i †P‡q Zvi `k K`g GwM‡q-_vKv g‡bvfve, hv Avm‡j †jL‡KiB| Gi eûKvj c‡i kÖ“wZ, ZLb GK †emiKvwi mgvR‡mex ms¯’vi Kgx©, Avevi †`Lv cvq †`eiƒcvi| †mI NUbvP‡µ ILv‡bB Kgx© n‡q G‡m‡Q| ms¯’vi AvkÖ‡ q G‡m c‡o bvixg‡bvfvevcbœ, wbivkÖq GK cyi“l| hv cÖ_‡g †evSv hvqwb| KviY, †m c‡i mv‡jvqvi-KvwgR, Rbmg‡¶ øvb Kivi mg‡qI †m Lyj‡Z Pvq bv e¶eÜbx| AwP‡iB †m bvg †c‡q‡Q jwjZv| nVvr kÖ“wZ GKw`b Avwe®‹vi K‡i, †`eiƒcvi m‡½ jwjZv-bvæx cyi“lwUi kvixwiK wbweoZv Ñ Ô†`eiƒcvi kvwo D‡V †M‡Q †Kvg‡i| cv Qov‡bv| Ii †Kv‡j jwjZv| Mv‡q kvU© †bB| ey‡K GKwU Kvco KuvPzwji g‡Zv euvav| Zvi Ici †`eiƒcvi nvZ †Lj‡Q| `yR‡bi gyL GKcv‡k bvgv‡bv| Gi †Vuv‡U Ii †VuvU Xz‡K Av‡Q| †Kv‡bv ûuk †bB|Õ GB wbweoZv e¨vL¨v Ki‡Qb wZ‡jvËgv `vk©wbKZv-F× fvlvq Ñ Ô...Iiv kixi-cÖK…wZ Qvwc‡q †M‡Q| gb-cÖK…wZ‡Z wg‡j‡Q| wPiš—i bvixgb wPiš—b cyi“lg‡b wg‡j‡Q| †`n-MVb GLv‡b evav nqwb| bvix‡`navix cyi“l, cyi“l‡`nx bvix‡K Rwo‡q‡Q|Õ Gi c‡iB hLb †mB A‡gvN evK¨eÜ D”PviY K‡ib †jLK Ñ ÔRq cÖK…wZi Rq!Õ Ñ ZLb GB cÖK…wZ Avi ïay Ôkixi-cÖK…wZÕ wKsev Ôgb-cÖK…wZÕi msÁvq AvU‡K _v‡K bv, Zv n‡q hvq †mB Amxg cÖK…wZ Ñ †bPvi| GK Ab¨iKg †hŠbfvebv iƒc cvq cÖnvY iPbvq| †hLv‡b mdj e¨emvqx, bxwZevMxk myRq e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi Kb¨v kÖx, hvi ¯^fv‡eB Av‡Q j•Nb, Av‡Q we‡`ªvn, Zxeªfv‡e Kvgbv Ki‡Q Zuv‡KB! gv‡S gv‡S Zz‡j w`‡”Q Mfxi cÖkœ Ñ ÔAv”Qv ej †Zv evwc, †KvbUv †ewk Ab¨vq? gv nIqv bv åƒYnZ¨v?Õ AveiYnxb KvgbvKvZi kÖx myR‡qi w`‡K GwM‡q G‡m‡Q m½‡gi Zxeª B”Qvq| myRq kÖxi Mjv wU‡c Lyb Ki‡jb Ñ Ô...†Zviv Avi Rb¥vm bv GLv‡b| wc­R| wc­R| wc­R|Õ Ae¨ewnZ c‡iB myRq hLb e‡jb, Ô...AvR Avwg cvc Kijvg| AvZ¥R‡K nZ¨v Kijvg Avwg|Õ, Zv Avi ïay myR‡qi msjvc _v‡K bv, n‡q I‡V eZ©gvbKv‡ji †mme ¸wUK‡qK gvby‡li wPš—vaviv, hviv we‡`k †_‡K Avg`vwb Kiv mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi g‡Wj ¯’vcbv‡_©, mybxwZi †`vnvB †c‡o, mdjZvi K_v e‡j, wb‡Ri †`‡ki wb‡Ri gvbyl‡K, AvMvgx cÖRb¥‡K Lyb Ki‡Q| Ges cvc gvL‡Q| Aek¨

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K‡i Dwo‡q w`j evZv‡m| †Quov-†Quov KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv c‡o iBj D‡Vvbgq|Õ AK¯§vr weRyi g‡b nq, Giv KvM‡Ri KzwP bq, Giv Kg‡ji †Pv‡Li cvZv| ÔKg‡ji bvwK R‡g©i? Rg©B Kgj n‡q G‡mwQj eywS... †m GLb wbwðZ, Gme †Pv‡Li cvZvi †_‡K Avevi Rb¥ †b‡e mn‡mªi AwaK ¯^v¯’¨evb Pv-MvQ|Õ Kg‡ji †Pv‡Li cvZv †_‡K Rb¥v‡bv GB bZzb Pv-MvQ bZzb GK mgq, bZzb GK cÖwZ‡ek PvB‡Q, †ek †evSv hvq| cÖZxKwUi cÖ‡qvMI h_vh_ n‡q I‡V| m‡e©vcwi Pv-evMv‡bi †bvsiv ivRbxwZi Aemvb NwU‡q bZzb GK w`b‡K Avevnb K‡i| Gevi GKZviv Avi ivRcvU| cÖ_‡g GKZviv| G-iPbv †`eviwZ fÆvPvh© bv‡g GK †g‡qi Acgvb, eÂbv Avi Zvi Ny‡i `uvovevi AvL¨vb| †h-†g‡q cvnvo-R½j-b`x‡Niv DRvwbbMi e‡j GK †QvU gdm&mj kni †_‡K Zvi weevn Dcj‡¶ KjKvZvq G‡mwQj| †`eviwZi g‡ZvB Zvi weev‡ni Dcnvi wn‡m‡e †mB bMi †_‡KB ev‡mi gv_vq †P‡c KjKvZvq G‡mwQj GK Kv‡Vi IqvW©‡ive| KjKvZvq †cuŠQ‡Z Zvi jKUv n‡q †M‡Q boe‡o, Ôcvj­vi cvwj‡k AuvPo, nvZ‡ji bKkvq AvaywbKZvi e`‡j †Mu‡qv c­vw÷KÕ| weev‡ni Avm‡i †m †hb DRvwbbMi †_‡K Avmv †`eviwZi GK `xb-`ytLx AvZ¥xq| Zvi w`‡K we`ªƒc Qy‡o w`‡”Q k¦ïievwoi †jvKRb, hviv IqvW©‡iv‡ei Pvicv‡k Nyi‡Q Ñ ÔZvi MÖvg¨Zvq, `ye©jZvq, cvwj‡ki IciKvi ¶‡Z KU‚w³ wb‡¶c KiwQj| nvmvnvwm KiwQj| I‡`i abx, AnsKvix †VuvU †e‡q, Mvj †e‡q, `vwg cvÄvwei c‡KU Dc‡P we`ªƒc S‡i cowQj|Õ GgbZi Acgv‡bi Ave‡n †`eviwZi weevn Abyôv‡bi ïi“| weev‡ni cÖ¯‘wZi mg‡qB Aek¨ †ebviwm kvwo †Kbv Dcj‡¶ †`eviwZ AcgvwbZ n‡q‡Q Zvi eogvgvi Kv‡Q| weev‡ni ci Zvi ¯^vgx bxj, kvïwo gvaex Ges k¦ïi wkevb‡›`i †_‡K cÖwZwbqZ cvIqv bvbvb †QvUeo Acgv‡bi Zi‡½ Wy‡e-†f‡m †`eviwZ cvi K‡i mvZ-mvZwU eQi| me Acgvb G‡Kev‡i bxi‡e †g‡b †bqwb| Zvi mxwgZ ¶gZvq, f`ªZv eRvq †i‡L KL‡bv cÖwZev`I K‡i‡Q †m| Ges wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i wjL‡ZI ïi“ K‡i‡Q Zvi wbR¯^ K_v| †h-IqvW©‡ive‡K Z¨vR¨-Z¨³ K‡i Ab¨Î ivLv n‡qwQj, Zv‡K wdwi‡qI G‡b‡Q wb‡Ri N‡i| mgMÖ Dcb¨v‡m GB g~K IqvW©‡ive n‡q D‡V‡Q GK Acvi e¨Äbvq evO&gq GK PwiÎ| †`eviwZ Zvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q wb‡Ri cxwoZ Rxe‡bi K_v †f‡e‡Q KZw`b! Zvi Rxeb mwZ¨B cxwoZ, Zvi kvïwoi †`Iqv jvÃbv QvovI, Zvi m‡›`n, hv Ag~jK bq, †m †ev‡S Zvi ¯^vgx bxj †jvK VwK‡q cqmv †ivRMvi K‡i †eovq| KL‡bv Zxeª AvcwË Rvbvq †`eviwZ, †RviMjvq Zv †NvlYvI K‡i| KvRUv mnR bq, KviY, †mB †hŠ_ cwiev‡ii evwo‡Z weevwnZ n‡q Av‡Q Zvi w`w` mwÂZv, hvi ¯^vgx wbg©j| Zv‡K fve‡Z n‡q‡Q w`w`-RvgvBeveyi †hb †Kv‡bv Acgvb bv nq Zvi K_vI| †`eviwZ Zvi GB weevwnZ Rxe‡bi BwZ †NvlYv K‡i k¦ïivjq Qv‡o †mw`b, hvi wKQyKvj Av‡MB bxj GKwU †jv‡Ki jvjmv †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ A‡_©i wewbg‡q Zv‡K Zz‡j w`‡qwQj †mB A_©ev‡bi Kv‡Q| wKš‘ GB wm×vš— iv‡Mi gv_vq †bIqv bq| hw`I bx‡ji cÖ‡hvRbvq NUv IB Pig Acgv‡bi NUbvwU †`eviwZ‡K Pig wm×v‡š—i w`‡K wb‡q hvq, Zvi Av‡Mi cÖwZwU Acgvb, cÖwZwU jvÃbv Zvi Ô†Q‡o hvevi Zcm¨vqÕ hyw³ wbg©vY Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| Gi c‡iB †`eviwZi bZzb Rxe‡bi ïi“| bv, †m Zvi wcÎvj‡q wd‡i hvq bv, Zvi bZzb wVKvbv Ô¯^wbf©ivÕ

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miKvwi †nv‡÷j| Zvici PvKwi cvIqv| PvKwi‡Z cÖPzi kÖg, ¯^v¯’¨nvwbi m¤¢vebv| ZviB g‡a¨ †jLv‡jwL| AvBbMZfv‡e Zv‡`i weevwnZ Rxe‡bi mgvwß| GKw`b eo cÖKvkbv †_‡K †`eviwZi cÖ_g eB cÖKvk| †`eviwZ Avi gi‡e bv| euvP‡e| cÖwZw`b wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i, wb‡Ri †Rv‡i euvP‡e| A`¨vewa †h-m‡Z‡ivwU Dcb¨vm wj‡L‡Qb wZ‡jvËgv, Zvi g‡a¨ GKZviv Zuvi Ab¨Zg †kÖô Dcb¨vm| 237 cvZvi G-AvL¨v‡bi cÖ_g 56 cvZvi g‡a¨B †`eviwZi M„nZ¨v‡Mi `„k¨ iPbv Ki‡jI, Zvi KviY¸wj, †jLK †g‡j a‡ib KL‡bv mvg‡b GwM‡q, KL‡bv AZx‡Z wd‡i, Amvgvb¨ K_‡Ki `¶Zvq| mgMÖ AvL¨vwqKvwUi wbg©v‡YB msh‡gi cwiPq, wKš‘ GB Ni †Q‡o hvIqvi `„k¨wU‡Z Zv Abe`¨| GB NiQvov wb‡q †jLK Lye mn‡RB wUwf-wmwiqvj gvK©v †g‡jvWªvgv evbv‡Z

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42

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43

wkIwiwU w`w”Q| hvK, GKR‡bi `vwe †_‡K gy³ njvg| eyS‡Z cviwQ GUv ingvb‡`i n‡e| †ivR AvRvb covi cuvP wgwbU Av‡M Ii †g‡qwU w`‡q †hZ| GUv I‡`iB n‡e| ciw`b mܨvq K¬v‡e †e‡iv‡e Ggb mgq GKUv eo wgwQj †Mj... Pj‡e bv Pj‡e bv... Ki‡Z Ki‡Z... Mvwo †ei Kivi mvnm †cj bv dRj| AMZ¨v cÖwZ‡ekx ingv‡bi †LuvR †b‡e gbw¯’i K‡i| †mBm‡½ †c­U †diZ w`‡q `vwqZ¡ mgvß Ki‡e| Kwjs‡ej wUc‡Z `iRv Lyjj wg‡mm ingvb| Av‡i `v`v †h, K¬v‡e hvbwb?

B”Qv wQj| wKš‘ weivU GK wgwQj †Mj, ZvB Mvwo †ei Ki‡Z mvnm †cjvg bv| wVK K‡i‡Qb| †Kvbw`K w`‡q †h wec` Avm‡e †evSv gykwKj| dRj nv‡Zi †c­UUv evwo‡q w`‡q e‡j, bvI †Zvgvi †c­U| †c­U! AevK wg‡mm ingvb| G-†c­U †Zv Avgv‡`i bq! fv‡jv K‡i †`‡Lv| wb‡Ri msmv‡ii wRwbm wPbe bv!

Gevi dR‡ji AevK nIqvi cvjv| e‡j, Z‡e Kvi †c­U GUv! GKkfvM wkIi n‡q G‡mwQjvg| mgm¨vi mgvavb bv nIqvq dRj Rvb‡Z PvBj ingvb Av‡Q wKbv| ingvb †bB| Z‡e †h-†Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z© G‡m hv‡e e‡j wg‡mm ingvb dRj‡K Pv‡qi Avgš¿Y Rvbvq| cuvP wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ ingvb G‡m hvIqvq Zviv Avjv‡c gv‡Z| IVvi mgq Avevi †c­U-ce© Av‡m| dRj ingvb‡K e‡j, †`‡Lv, †Kgb wkIi n‡q †Zvgvi GLv‡b cÖ‡ek Kijvg... wKš‘ e¨_©| hv‡`i †c­U ZvivB GKw`b G‡m hv‡e, Avcwb AZ e¨¯— n‡”Qb †Kb! m¤¢ve¨ `yRvqMvq e¨_© n‡q dRj Gevi `„pfv‡e wek¦vm K‡i †h, GUv Zvn‡j Zvi mvg‡bi cÖwZ‡ekx mvnvbv‡`i| N‡i †XvKvi Av‡M I‡`i `iRvi mvg‡b wM‡q g¨vwRK AvB AÜKvi †`‡L †ev‡S evmvq †KD †bB| I‡`i Avi wR‡Ám Kivi my‡hvM †cj bv| ciw`b `ycy‡i dRj evB‡i †_‡K wd‡i wjd‡U DV‡Z hv‡”Q †cQb †cQb cÖ‡ek K‡i mvnvbv| Kzkjwewbgq n‡jv| wjdU †_‡K †b‡gB dRj `ª“Z nv‡Z `iRv †Lv‡j| Avi PU K‡i †Uwe‡ji Ici ivLv †KvqvU©vi †c­UUv wb‡q †ewi‡q Av‡m| mvnvbv ZLb `iRv Ly‡j gvÎ †fZ‡i GK cv evwo‡q‡Q †cQb †_‡K dRj WvK †`q, mvnvbv, GKUz `uvovI| mvnvbv wd‡i `uvovq| †Zvgvi †c­UUv... dRj †c­UUv mvg‡b evwo‡q a‡i| †c­U! mvnvbvi we¯§q| GUv †Zvgv‡`i bq? bv, G-†c­U Avgv‡`i bq| Avwg Gi g‡a¨ `yevwo‡Z †`wL‡qwQ, hviv †i¸jvi BdZvwi cvVvZ| Zviv e‡j‡Q Zv‡`i bq, ZzwgI ejQ †Zvgvi bq...

Zvn‡j wKš‘ GUv Avgvi n‡q †Mj! Kv‡iv hLb bq, †nvK bv Avcbvi! mvnvbvi †KŠZzK| M¤¢xi n‡q dRj wd‡i Av‡m| †m G‡Kev‡i nZvk| †c­UUv Ab¨vb¨ †c­‡Ui Ici †i‡L †`q| g‡b g‡b D”PviY K‡i, Kv‡iv bq †Zv bq| wKš‘ †m g‡bi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv Avb›` †eva K‡i bv| eis †Ui cvq, g‡bi g‡a¨ GKUv Pvc †eva KvR Ki‡Q| GB GKUv †c­U wb‡q †m †Zv Avi beŸBUv d¬¨v‡U Ny‡i †eov‡Z cv‡i bv! ZvB GKiKg fy‡jB _vK‡Z Pvq| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv †c­U Zzj‡Z †M‡j †Kb Rvwb GB †c­UUvB Zvi nv‡Z cÖ_g D‡V Av‡m| Ggwb‡Z †m memgq wmivwgK †c­U e¨envi K‡i| GK fvB

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wmivwgK-wkíx, Zuvi cÖfveI n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †gjvgvB‡bi †c­UUv nvjKv e‡j GUv nv‡Z wb‡q †m A‡bKUv ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva K‡i| fv‡e, fwel¨‡Z wKQy †gjvgvBb †c­U wKb‡e| Gfv‡e Zvi †c­‡Ui g‡a¨ †gjvgvB‡bi †c­UUv ¯’vqx Avmb †M‡o e‡m| gvmLv‡bK ci| M‡elYvi Kv‡R ivRkvnx wM‡qwQj dRj| †divi c‡_ †m wKQy wgwó †K‡b mnd¬¨vwU‡`i R‡b¨| ivRkvnxi jvÇyUv Zvi Lye cQ›`| ¯^v` fv‡jv| †ek K‡qKw`b ivLvI hvq| Avi Qvbvi wgwó bq †h G·cvqvwi n‡q hvIqv ¸u‡ov `y‡ai Qvbv †gkv‡e| jvÇy me w`K w`‡q mv_©K| mvg‡bi d¬¨vU I Ab¨ `y-d¬¨v‡U wgwó wejv‡bv †kl| Gevi evwK Av‡Q †KvbvKzwb d¬¨v‡Ui e¨vsKvi `¤úwZ : wgwki Avi wKiY| wKiY memgq dRj‡K †`L‡jB D”Q¡wmZ n‡q I‡V| dRj bvwK †`L‡Z A‡bKUv Zvi eofvB‡qi g‡Zv| wKiY †hŠe‡b A¨v_‡jU wQj| †g`nxb my›`i †Pnviv| Pwj­k cvi n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ eq‡mi †Kv‡bv Qvc c‡owb| dRjI wKiY‡K Lye cQ›` K‡i Ñ I‡K †c‡q we‡`‡k Ae¯’vbiZ GKgvÎ m‡nv`ivi Afve wKQyUv c~iY nq| dRj †MvUv Av‡UK jvÇy †gjvgvB‡bi †KvqvU©vi †c­UUvq mvwR‡q wb‡q iIbv †`q| ivZ ZLb cÖvq bUv| Iiv e¨vsKvi, wdi‡Z wdi‡Z †ek ivZ nq| †ej evRv‡ZB `iRv †Lv‡j wKiY| K‡e wdi‡j wKiY? GB †Zv wZbw`b n‡jv| Avcbvi nv‡Z Kx? GB KUv jvÇy| ivRkvnx wM‡qwQjvg...

XvKbv DwV‡q †c­UUv evwo‡q †`q dRj| evn&, †c­UUv †`wL Avgv‡`i †c­‡Ui g‡Zv| Kx ej‡j? †c­UUv ûeû Avgv‡`i †c­‡Ui g‡Zv| AvcwbI †`LwQ GB dz‡ji bKkvUv cQ›` K‡i‡Qb| GUv Avgvi cQ‡›` †Kbv| Avcbvi fvB Avevi Gme dzjUzj cQ›` K‡i bv| AvwgI cQ›` Kwi bv| Avi GB †c­UUv AvgviI bq| GUv †Zvgvi| Avgvi! K‡e Kx cvVvjvg| I nu¨v, mvZv‡k †ivRvi w`b g‡b nq BdZvwi cvwV‡qwQjvg| hvK, euvPv †Mj| †c­‡Ui gvwjK Ly‡u R †cjvg| GUv †Zv AvgviB n‡q wM‡qwQj! gv‡b! dRj me e„Ëvš— Ly‡j e‡j| me †kvbvi ci wKiY e‡j, Av”Qv fvBqv, †c­UUv wK Avcbvi AcQ›`?

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46

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ivZ-w`b NvogyL ¸u‡R wj‡L †`o‡kvUv wm­c BwZg‡a¨ bvwg‡q †d‡j‡Qb ivRv ivq Ñ K‡¤úvR n‡Z P‡j †M‡Q Ñ evwK cÂvkUv wm­c w`b`‡k‡Ki g‡a¨B awi‡q w`‡Z n‡e cvwiRvZ cvewj‡Kk‡bi gvwjK iRbx †mb‡K, Avi ZviciB nvZ w`‡Z n‡e cieZx© M‡ívb¨vmUvq| †mUviI †÷vwi jvBb `ygvm Av‡M †_‡KB gv_vi †fZ‡i QKv n‡q Av‡Q| M‡íi w_g wb‡q GLb Aek¨ Lye †ewk GKUv fve‡Z nq bv ivRv ivq‡K| KvMR-Kjg mvg‡b †i‡L LvwbK¶Y ïay Pzc K‡i e‡m _vK‡Z nq| cÖ_g jvBbUv hw` GKevi we`y¨‡Zi g‡Zv wSwjK †g‡i hvq gv_vi g‡a¨, c‡ii jvBb¸‡jv Zvici †hb †UwjwcÖ›Uv‡ii ni‡di g‡Zv Avcbv M‡íi bvqK GKUv GmGbwmi Uc †_‡KB G‡K G‡K dz‡U DV‡Z _v‡K gv_vi Gw·wKDwUf| Kg©m~‡Î wnwj­w`wj­ Ny‡i †eov‡Z †fZ‡i| ZvB hw` bv n‡e c‡b‡iv eQi a‡i nq Zv‡K| Kg©m~‡ÎB fvi‡Zi cuvPwU iv‡R¨i nvRvi nvRvi jvBb †Kb wjL‡jb wZwb? nvRvi nvRvi Kwc eB †h Zvi Mig †K‡Ki g‡Zv wewµ cuvP gwnjvi m‡½ Zvi Nwbô Avjvc| G‡`i n‡q hvq GK eQ‡iB Zv wK Ggwb GgwbB? cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki K_vevZ©v, nvefve, fvlvfw½ Ac‡ii c‡ii Mí wZwb †hUv †du‡`‡Qb †mUv GKUz Ab¨ ai‡bi| bvqK GKUv GgGbwmi Uc †_‡K Avjv`v| wKš‘ †kl Aewa Kvi Nv‡U Gw·wKDwUf| Kg©m‡~ Î wnwj­w`wj­ Ny‡i †eov‡Z wM‡q †bŠ‡Kv †fov‡e bvqK Zv wb‡q-B nq Zv‡K| Kg©m~‡ÎB fvi‡Zi cuvPwU iv‡R¨i cuvP gwnjvi m‡½ Zvi Nwbô Avjvc| G‡`i i“×k¦vm Dcb¨vm| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki K_vevZ©v, nvefve, fvlvfw½ Ac‡ii †_‡K Avjv`v| wKš‘ †kl Aewa Kvi Nv‡U wM‡q

ivRv iv‡qi †KD †dv‡b Zuv‡K PvB‡j †hb e‡j †`Iqv nq wZwb evwo †bB| GKUvbv †jLvi cwikÖ‡g AvOy‡ji MuvU¸wj UbUb K‡i Zuvi| Nv‡o ¯úwÛjvBwU‡mi wPbwP‡b e¨_vI Aí Aí †Ui cvb; wKš‘ ZeyI eo GK my¯^v`y myL Abyfe K‡ib wZwb| Rxe‡b mdj n‡Z cvivi myL| †jLK wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ n‡Z cvivi myL| Gi m‡½ †Kv‡bv my‡LiB †Kv‡bv Zzjbv P‡j bv| cy‡Rv wKsev eB‡gjvi Av‡M Zuvi `iRvq GLb bvwg`vwg cÖKvkK Avi cwÎKv-m¤úv`‡Ki wfo| wbtkã cÖwZ‡hvwMZv P‡j wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨, ivRv ivq‡K †K Av‡M evqbvew›` K‡i †dj‡Z cvi‡e| cy‡Rv msL¨vq Dcb¨vm †ei“‡Z bv †ei“‡ZB Avevi wUwf wmwiqvj, †Uwjwd‡j¥i Rb¨ evqbv| GLb G-jvB‡b Aíeqmx SKS‡K me ¯§vU© †Q‡j‡g‡qiv G‡m‡Q| ivRv iv‡qi Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK-bvwqKv‡`i Zz‡Lvo ¯§vU© WvqvjM Zv‡`i Lye cQ›`| evsjv A¨vKv‡Wwg wKsev b›`b PZ¡‡i ivRv iv‡qi m‡½ †`Lv n‡q †M‡j Zi“Y wPÎ-cwiPvj‡Kiv M`M` Mjvq e‡j Ñ Gev‡ii cy‡Rvq Avcbvi Dcb¨vmUv `vi“Y ivRv`v, g‡b n‡”Q †hb G‡Kev‡i wd‡j¥i Rb¨B †jLv| w¯ŒÞ ˆZwi Ki‡Z †M‡j LvU‡Z n‡e bv †ewk| K¬vš— AvOyj‡K GKUz wekÖvg †`Iqvi Rb¨ Kjg _vwg‡q fv‡eb wZwb| GLv‡b G‡m †cuŠQyevi Rb¨ jovB †Zv Zuv‡K Kg Ki‡Z nqwb| cvÊywjwc eM‡j wb‡q n¨vMv‡W©i g‡Zv cvewjkvi‡`i `iRvq `iRvq GKKv‡j Kg †Nv‡ibwb wZwb| ei‡di g‡Zv VvÛv †Pv‡L Ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q †_‡K cvewjkviiv eywS‡q w`‡q‡Q Ñ Zv‡`i mgq Lye `vwg| Av‡Rev‡R K_vq mgq bó Kivi g‡Zv mgq Zv‡`i nv‡Z †bB| †Kv‡bvg‡Z †k‡l wKQy UvKv msMÖn K‡i gdm&m‡ji †Uª`ªj †gwk‡bi QvcvLvbv †_‡K fvOv †jUvi †cÖ‡m jvj wbDRwcÖ›U KvM‡R Qvcv GKUv cvZjv AvUwU M‡íi eB †Q‡cwQ‡jb wZwb| KjKvZvi †Kv‡bv cvewjkvi wWw÷ªweDU Ki‡ZI ivwR nqwb †mB eB| eÜzevÜe hv‡`i wZwb w`‡qwQ‡jb †m-eB Zviv †h cyi‡bv Le‡ii KvM‡Ri m‡½ †mi `‡i wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Q Zv Zuvi Rvb‡Z evwK wQj bv| wP‡j‡KvVvi Zv‡K ivLv evwK eB DB Avi Bu`y‡i †K‡U‡Q| eQi `y‡qK GiKg †jLv‡jwLi ci ïfv_x© wKš‘ ¯úóevK& GK cvVK e‡jwQj Zuv‡K Ñ †Kvb MÖ‡ni gvby‡li Rb¨ Gme wj‡L‡Qb ejyb †Zv ivRvevey, Mí bv KweZv, ZvB †Zv †evSv hvq bv| c„w_ex MÖ‡ni gvby‡li Rb¨ wKQy wjLyb Aš—Z| hviv gvby‡li fvlv eyS‡e| ïfv_x©‡`i civgk©g‡Zv c„w_ex MÖ‡ni gvby‡li Rb¨ †Kvgi †eu‡a wjL‡Z wM‡q nVvr †c‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb †mB wPwPs duv‡Ki gš¿, hv w`‡q cvVK‡`i g‡bi eÜ ¸nvi `iRv †Lvjv hvq| Kzmy‡gi evmi cÖKvk K‡iwQj K‡jR w÷ª‡Ui GK bMY¨ cÖKvkK| Qvcvi LiPUv Aek¨ w`‡qwQ‡jb ivRv ivq wb‡RB, wKš‘ wWw÷ªweDk‡bi fvi wb‡qwQj †mB cÖKvkK| wKš‘ cÖKvk nIqv gvÎB eBUv mycviwnU| GiKg myLcvV¨ imv‡jv †cÖ‡gi Dcb¨vm evsjv fvlvq bvwK Gi Av‡M Avi KL‡bv †jLv nqwb| GKevi co‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j bvwK †kl bv Kiv Qvov Dcvq †bB| G‡Kev‡i mwZ¨ A‡_©B hv‡K e‡j unput downable. Gici Avi ivRv ivq‡K wd‡i ZvKv‡Z nqwb| cÖKvk‡Ki `iRvq `iRvq cvÊywjwc eM‡j PvKwii D‡g`v‡ii g‡Zv Ny‡i †eov‡bv g‡b nq †hb †Kv‡bv jyß AZx‡Zi `yt¯^cœ| KZ¶Y a‡i Gme fvewQ‡jb Rv‡bb bv ivRv ivq| PgK fvOj evwoi Kv‡Ri †jvK kÖxbv‡_i Kɯ^‡i| Ñ evey, GK f`ª‡jvK evB‡ii N‡i e‡m Av‡Qb, Avcbvi m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡eb e‡j| cvZjv c­vw÷‡Ki GKUv wfwRwUs KvW© kÖxbv_ GwM‡q a‡i mvg‡b| ivRv ivq LvwbKUv D`vmxb †Pv‡L KvW©Uvi Ici †PvL eywj‡qB Pg‡K I‡Vb| mv`vi Ic‡i bxj A¶‡i †jLv gwng mvbœ¨vj| behyM cÖKvkb|

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12/1 †ewbqv‡Uvjv †jb| `y-GK gynZ ~ © †hb wb®újK cv_‡ii †Pv‡L wZwb ZvwK‡q _v‡Kb †jLvUvi w`‡K| wew¯§Z fveUv †K‡U wM‡q Zuvi †Pv‡L wSwjK w`‡q I‡V m~² inm¨gq GK nvwm| kÖxbv_ e‡j, Kx eje evey I‡K? Ñ wK”Qy ej‡Z n‡e bv, ZzB hv| kÖxbv_ eyS‡Z bv †c‡i e‡j, evey †Zv e‡m Av‡Qb Ñ ivRv ivq agK w`‡q I‡Vb, ejjvg †Zv wKQy ej‡Z n‡e bv, ZzB hv| wKQy eyS‡Z bv †c‡i kÖxbv_ weoweo Ki‡Z Ki‡Z P‡j hvq| ivRv ivq Kjg nv‡Z wb‡q PzcPvc e‡m _v‡Kb| wjL‡Z fy‡j †M‡Qb wZwb| `ywU bvg wZwb ïay weoweo Ki‡Qb wb‡Ri g‡b Ñ gwng mvbœ¨vj! behyM cÖKvkb! cÖKvk‡Kiv GKwU gvÎ Kvi‡YB †Zv Zuvi Kv‡Q Av‡m G-mg‡q| gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji Avmvi KviYI wbðqB Zvi †_‡K Avjv`v wKQy bq| Zuvi †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y Avevi dz‡U DVj †mB m~² KwVb nvwm| wf¶vcÖv_x©i g‡Zv gwng‡K evB‡ii N‡i ZZ¶Y A‡c¶v Ki‡ZB n‡e hZ¶Y bv ivRv ivq wb‡P G‡m †`Lv Ki‡Qb gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji m‡½| AvR MiRUv IiB| A‡c¶v Ki“K wKQy¶Y gwng mvbœ¨vj| ivRv iv‡qi nv‡Z AvR Adziš— mgq Av‡Q| †hb wKQyB nqwb GiKg ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB Avevi Kjg gy‡Vvq a‡i wjL‡Z hvb ivRv ivq; wKš‘ GK jvBbI Avi G‡Mv‡Z cv‡ib bv| gbtms‡hvM G‡Kev‡i bó n‡q †M‡Q Zuvi| cuwPk eQ‡ii Icvi †_‡K AveQv RjQwei g‡Zv ¯§„wZ¸wj nVvr †hb Rxeš— n‡q D‡V Zuvi †Pv‡Li Ici w`‡q bvP‡Z bvP‡Z P‡j hv‡”Q| nu¨v, cuwPk eQi Av‡MKviB K_v †mme| wZb-Pvi RvqMvq cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡q Ae‡k‡l wb‡Ri m`¨-†jLv KwU Dcb¨v‡mi cvÊywjwc †Svjvq f‡i ivRv ivq nvwRi n‡qwQ‡jb †ewbqv‡Uvjv †j‡bi behyM cÖKvkbvi `߇i| gwng mvbœ¨vj ZLbKvi GKRb WvKmvB‡U cÖKvkK| ¯^fv‡e †hgb ivkfvix, †Zgwb †VuvUKvUv `ygy©L bv‡gB cÖKvkKgn‡j wZwb L¨vZ| cÖvq e„wð‡Ki g‡ZvB bvwK wZwb `skbcivqY| me RvqMv †_‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vZ nIqvi Rb¨B †evanq behy‡Mi Awd‡m Xy‡K covi K_v †kl Aewa gv_vq G‡mwQj Zuvi| GKgvÎ nZvkvB †evanq Rb¥ w`‡Z cv‡i GiKg cÖPÊ mvn‡mi| wKš‘ `iRv ch©š— †h‡Z †h‡ZB mg¯— mvnm D‡e wM‡qwQj Zuvi Ñ wbtk‡ã Avevi wd‡i hv‡eb wKbv fve‡Z fve‡ZB †Lvjv `iRv w`‡q gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Pv‡L c‡o hvb wZwb| `„k¨Uv GZ eQi ciI ¯úó †Pv‡L fv‡m Zuvi| gvSvwi mvB‡Ri Ni-`iRvi GKcv‡k K‡qKUv †Pqvi Avi †ew cvZv| GKw`‡K WuvB n‡q c‡o Av‡Q evnvwi gjv‡Ui me eB| eB‡qi cvnvo †hb| †Pqv‡ii mvg‡b e‡m wKQy gvbyl Ñ †gvUvgywU †cÖŠp wKsev ga¨eqmx| j¤^v j¤^v Pzj A‡b‡Ki Ñ cvRvgv-cvÄvwe civ, Kuv‡a †Svjv Ñ †Kgb Auv‡Zj Auv‡Zj †Pnviv| ivRv ivq †P‡bb bv KvD‡KB; wKš‘ GuivB †mme WvKmvB‡U †jLK wbðqB, huv‡`i eB wbqwgZ Qv‡c behyM| †Pqv‡ii †cQ‡b †h ga¨gwY n‡q e‡m Av‡Q †m-B †h gwng mvbœ¨vj Zv bv †evSvi g‡Zv Avbvwo bb ivRv ivq| ga¨eq¯‹ KuvPv-cvKv PzjIqvjv gvbylwUi †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y GKUv VvÛv e¨‡½i nvwm †h AvVv w`‡q muvUv Av‡Q Zv cÖ_g bR‡iB †Pv‡L c‡o hvq ivRv iv‡qi| K‡jR w÷ªU cvovq gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji bv‡g †h-Kvwnwb Pvjy Av‡Q †jLK-cÖKvkK gn‡j Zv Zvn‡j wg_¨v bq| Pkgvi wbP †_‡K evRcvwLi g‡Zv Zx¶è `ywU †PvL Zz‡j gwng mvbœ¨vj †g‡Ni Wv‡Ki g‡Zv M¤¢xi Mjvq e‡jb Ñ Kx PvB? †PŠKv‡V GK cv †i‡L †Kv‡bvg‡Z †Zv †Zv K‡i e‡jb ivRv ivq Ñ Av-Av-†Á Avwg GKUv G‡Kev‡i bZzb ai‡bi D-c-b¨v-m Ñ gv-†b Ñ D-D-cb¨vm? †PvL w`‡q I‡K GKevi AvMv‡Mvov

Rwic K‡i wb‡q Ggbfv‡e e‡jb gwng mvbœ¨vj †hb Dcb¨vm kãUv GB cÖ_g ïb‡jb wZwb| `iRvi cv‡k ivLv †ewÂUv †`wL‡q e‡jb, A‡c¶v Ki“b ILv‡b Ñ ivRv ivq nvZ KP‡j e‡jwQ‡jb Ñ Avcwb wK e¨¯— Av‡Qb, GKUz c‡i Avme? w¯’i Aš—‡f©`x †Pv‡L Ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q e‡jwQ‡jb gwng mvbœ¨vj Ñ Avcwb bvI Avm‡Z cv‡ib| Avgvi †Kv‡bv Amywe‡a †bB| gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji K_vi fw½‡Z †Pqv‡i emv gvbyl¸wji gy‡L wK GKUz g„`y nvwm dz‡U DVj? AcgvwbZ †eva KiwQ‡jb ivRv ivq wKš‘ Acgv‡bi †P‡q ZxeªZi GKUv f‡qi Abyf~wZ †hb cv‡qi wbP †_‡K gvwU mwi‡q w`‡qwQj Zuvi| GLvb †_‡KI wK cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡q wdi‡Z n‡e Zuv‡K? fq †c‡q ZvovZvwo e‡j D‡VwQ‡jb ivRv ivq Ñ bv, bv, A‡c¶v KiwQ Avwg| Kx K‡i †evSv‡eb wZwb GB Dcb¨vm Qvcvi Rb¨ GK gbyl¨Rb¥ A‡c¶v Ki‡Z ivwR wZwb| eva¨ †Q‡ji g‡Zv †ewÂi GK †Kv‡Y Pzc K‡i wM‡q e‡mb ivRv ivq, Zvici A‡c¶v Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| G-A‡c¶vi †hb †Kv‡bv †kl †bB| GK`j gvbyl D‡V P‡j hvq| N‡i GLb †gv‡U `yRb gvbyl| Gevi wbðqB gwng mvbœ¨vj WvK‡eb I‡K| G fv‡jvB n‡jv| cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡jI †ewk gvby‡li mvg‡b Aš—Z AcgvwbZ n‡Z n‡e bv Zuv‡K| wKš‘ gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Kv‡bv 僇¶c †bB| GKUv wmMv‡iU awi‡q bZzb D`¨‡g †LvkMí ïi“ K‡i †`b wZwb| K‡e my›`ieb †eov‡Z wM‡q Kv`vq ev‡Ni cv‡qi Qvc †`‡LwQ‡jb †mme Mí| †m †h GKUv gvbyl PzcPvc GK NÈvi Ici e‡m A‡c¶v Ki‡Q †m-wel‡q †hb †Kv‡bv ûukB †bB Zuvi| †hb Qvi‡cvKv Avi‡kvjvi g‡Zv bMY¨ GKUv cÖvYx †m, hv‡K Abvqv‡m D‡c¶v Kiv P‡j| †Kv‡bvwKQy Kivi bv _vKvq Pvicv‡k ïay ZvKvw”Q‡jb ivRv ivq| wbix¶Y KiwQ‡jb NiUv‡K| WuvB K‡i ivLv bZzb Qvcv eB‡qi Kx my›`i MÜ! b›`bKvb‡bi cvwiRv‡Zi MÜI †hb Gi Kv‡Q nvi gv‡b| ivRv ivq jyä †Pv‡L ZvwK‡q †`‡Lb KZ †jL‡Ki KZ eB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q GLvb †_‡K| Ggb `y-GKRb †jLK Av‡Qb Gu‡`i g‡a¨ huv‡`i bvg ivRv iv‡qi Kv‡b Ghver Av‡mwb| Zvn‡j bZzb †jLK Iui †jLvI wb‡Z AivwR n‡eb †Kb gwng mvbœ¨vj? wbðqB MRcwZ †Mv¯^vgx ev Zvwibx gʇji †P‡q Lvivc wZwb wjL‡eb bv| Zuvi GB Dcb¨vm hw` Qv‡cb gwng mvbœ¨vj Zvn‡j Gfv‡e A‡c¶v Kivi me Acgvb wZwb gyL ey‡R nRg Ki‡Z ivwR| †Svjvi †fZ‡ii cvÊywjwcUvi Mv‡q Av‡¯— GKevi nvZ eywj‡q †bb, †hb wb‡Ri ürwc‡Ê nvZ ey‡jv‡”Qb wZwb| KZ fv‡jvevmvq wb‡Ri ey‡Ki i³ wbO‡o †jLv Zuvi GB ¶xYZby Dcb¨vm| Ñ AÜKv‡ii MÜ| Pvicv‡k nvRvi gvby‡li iY‡ivj, †Kvjvn‡ji wf‡o wg‡k †_‡K GKwU wbR©b GKvKx AvZ¥vi µ›`b wZwb dzwU‡q Zzj‡Z †P‡q‡Qb GB Dcb¨v‡mi cÖwZwU k‡ãi ga¨ w`‡q| †g‡qiv †hgb Kv‡c©‡Ui bKkv †ev‡b, †Zgwb wZj wZj h‡Zœ GK eQi a‡i wZwb wj‡L‡Qb cuqlwÆ c„ôvi GB Dcb¨vm| Kv‡QB iv¯—vi av‡i GKUv cvewjK BDwib¨vj †_‡K gv‡S gv‡S †f‡m Avm‡Q SuvSv‡jv A¨v‡gvwbqvi MÜ; wKš‘ ivRv iv‡qi †mw`‡K ûuk †bB, gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji gy‡LvgywL e‡m _vK‡Z _vK‡Z nVvr †hb wb‡Ri Rb¥MÖv‡gi QweUv †f‡m DVj †Pv‡Li Ici| †mB Zv‡`i `w¶Y evsjvi †QvÆ MÖv‡gi evwo| Agvem¨vi Zvivfiv AÜKvi AvKv‡ki wb‡P AÜKviZi GK Lvj| `ycv‡k Szcwm Kv‡jv MvQcvjv, mvwi mvwi †bŠ‡Kvi inm¨gq wUgwU‡g Av‡jv| †Kv‡bv AjxK †`‡k cvwo †`‡e e‡j †hb Zviv GB gvSiv‡Z †bvOi Zzj‡Q| PivPie¨vcx ¯—äZvq ïay Zv‡`i †bvOi †Zvjvi kã|

AvKv‡ki D¾¡j wbi“¾¡j b¶Î MÖn †hb ms‡KZ †`Lv‡”Q †bŠ‡Kv¸‡jv‡K †Kv‡bv GK Avðh© c„w_exi w`‡K †f‡m †h‡Z| M‡Äi AvoZ`vi, nvUz‡i, wfwLwi, gvZv‡ji EaŸ©k¦vm wf‡o †mB c„w _exUvi m‡½ †ivR †Mvc‡b KvbvKvwb P‡j ïay Zi“Y †jLKhkcÖv_x© ivRv iv‡qi| KZ g„Zz¨nxb gvayh,© KznK fv‡jvevmvi Mí †m ïwb‡q‡Q Iu‡K| †mB ¯^‡cœi c„w_ex‡K ey‡Ki Kv‡Q cvIqvi Rb¨ AvKzj KvbœvB Av‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡mi Q‡Î Q‡Î| GKevi hw` †m my‡hvM †cZ GB †Mvcb Kvbœvi K_v Qvcvi A¶‡ii ga¨ w`‡q mevB‡K Rvbv‡Z| hv †KD Rv‡b bv Zv Rvbv‡bvi `vwqZ¡ †Zv GKRb †jL‡KiB| Ñ KB †`wL, Kx Avcbvi Ñ PgK fv‡O ivRv iv‡qi| cÖvq GK NÈv †cwi‡q †M‡Q| huv‡`i m‡½ Mí KiwQ‡jb gwng mvbœ¨vj mevB P‡j †M‡Q| GLb N‡i †KD †bB e‡jB wK WvK coj Ii? DrKÉvq ivRv iv‡qi i³ ¯ú›`b †hb ¯—ä n‡q hv‡e| †Svjv †_‡K cvÊywjwcUv Av‡¯— †ei K‡i e‡jb Ñ GKevi hw` `qv K‡i GKUz c‡o †`‡Lb Ñ Zvw”Q‡j¨i fw½‡Z nvZ evwo‡q cvÊywjwcUv GKevi †bb gwng mvbœ¨vj| Zvw”Q‡j¨i m‡½B Zvm kvd&j& Kivi g‡Zv didi K‡i cvZv¸‡jv Dj‡U hvb| mvg‡bi cvZvq †PvL co‡Z cÖvq AuvZ‡K IVvi fw½‡Z e‡jb Ñ Kx bvg Dcb¨v‡mi? AÜKv‡ii MÜ? e‡jb Kx gkvB, MÜiv‡Ri MÜ _v‡K e‡jB †Zv RvbZvg| AvRKvj AÜKv‡iiI MÜ n‡”Q eywS? bvn&, KzKz‡ii g‡Zv Avgvi NªvYkw³ AZ cÖLi bq gkvB| †h AÜKv‡ii MÜ cve| Avcwb eis Ab¨ †Kv_vI †`Lyb| ivRv ivq gwiqv n‡q e‡jwQ‡jb Ñ A‡b‡Ki Kv‡QB †MwQ Ñ Zviv Dj‡UI `¨v‡Lwb| Avcwb hw` GKevi ïay c‡o `¨v‡Lb| ïay AÜKvi GKUv b`x Avi GKRb gvbyl‡K wb‡q †jLv GB Dcb¨vm| b`xB Gi bvqK| Ggb Dcb¨vm evsjvq Av‡M Avi KL‡bv †jLv nqwb| Ñ mevB wdwi‡q w`‡q‡Q e‡j Avgvi Kv‡Q wb‡q G‡m‡Qb? †Kb? Avgvi cvewj‡KkbUv Wv÷web bvwK? bv, Avcbvi GB MÜ Avcwb Ab¨ †Kv_vI wM‡q †kvKvb| wbôzi D‡c¶vq cvÊywjwcUv cÖvq GKiKg mvg‡bi †Uwe‡j Qy‡oB w`‡qwQ‡jb gwng mvbœ¨vj| wbtk‡ã †mUv Kzwo‡q wb‡q Ni †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡mwQ‡jb ivRv ivq| Acgv‡bi Av¸‡b ey‡Ki †fZiUv R¡‡jcy‡o LvK n‡q hvw”Qj Zuvi| cuwPk eQi Av‡MKvi †mB `ytmn Acgv‡bi K_v GZw`b ci Avevi g‡b c‡o †Mj Zuvi| wKš‘ AvR GZw`b ci gwng mvbœ¨vj †Kb G‡m‡Q weL¨vZ mvwnwZ¨K ivRv iv‡qi Kv‡Q Zv eyS‡Z wK Avi evwK _v‡K Zuvi?

Nwo `¨v‡Lb ivRv ivq| AvaNÈv wb‡P A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb gwng mvbœ¨vj| GLb wb‡P bvgvB hvq| N‡i XyK‡ZB gwng mvbœ¨vj kke¨‡¯— †Pqvi †Q‡o D‡V `uvwo‡q bg¯‹vi K‡ib| ¯úóZB G m¤§vb cÖ`k©b M„n¯^vgxi cÖwZ AwZw_i bq, eis G-mg‡qi e¨¯— mdjZg GK †jL‡Ki cÖwZ AbyMnÖ cÖv_x© GK cÖKvk‡Ki| cuwPk eQ‡i gwng mvbœ¨vj A‡bKUvB eywo‡q †M‡Q| Zievwii g‡Zv Lvov †mB SKS‡K †PnvivUv, hv †`‡L Av‡M mgxn RvMZ, Zv A‡bKUvB eq‡mi fv‡i `yg‡o-gyP‡o †M‡Q| ivRv ivq ¯úó Abygvb Ki‡Z cviwQ‡jb Ñ Kvj ZZUv bq, hZUv Rxe‡bi †Kv‡bv wech©q I ¶wZB Zuvi Pvgovq G‡b w`‡q‡Q eva©‡K¨i GiKg KzÂb| isPUv weeY© †cvkvK †Kgb w`kvnviv †Pv‡Li `„wó eywS‡q w`w”Qj Ñ mgqUv Lye fv‡jv hv‡”Q bv Zuvi| gwng mvbœ¨vj bg¯‹vi K‡i e‡jb Ñ Avgv‡K nq‡Zv wPb‡eb bv Ñ Avwg Ñ Ñ Avwg wPwb Avcbv‡K Ñ Avcwb gwng mvbœ¨vj Ñ weL¨vZ

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cvewj‡Kkb behy‡Mi gvwjK Ñ evav w`‡q e‡jb ivRv ivq| Ñ Avcwb wPb‡jb Kx K‡i? Ñ wPwb Ñ cÖ_gUvq GKUz wech©‡qi fve dz‡U I‡V gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Pv‡Lgy‡L, ZviciB †m-we¯§‡qi †NviUv †K‡U wM‡q Zvi †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y welYœ AvZ¥Z…wßi GKUz g„`y nvwm wSwjK w`‡qB wgwj‡q hvq| AvR Zuvi Ae¯’v MÖ‡ni †d‡i Lvivc n‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ GKKv‡j K‡jR w÷ªU cvovq Zuv‡K Avi Zuvi cÖKvkbv ms¯’v‡K †h GKWv‡K mevB wPbZ nq‡Zv †m-K_v †f‡eB| ivRv ivq e‡jb, m¨wi, A‡bK¶Y Avcbv‡K ewm‡q ivLjvg| Z‡e AvaNÈv nqwb GL‡bv| Ava NÈvi †ewk ewm‡q ivLv wbðqB Ab¨vq| gwng mvbœ¨vj K‡ó gy‡L †K‡Vv nvwm dzwU‡q e‡jb Ñ bv, bv, Avcbviv †jL‡Kiv e¨¯— gvbyl Ñ ivRv ivq VvÛv KwVb Mjvq e‡jb Ñ mevB bq, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †jLK| Ñ †nu †nu, ZvB †Zv, K…ZÁZvq nvZ KPjvb gwng mvbœ¨vj| ivRv ivq Nwo †`‡L e‡jb, ejyb, Avgv‡K Gevi DV‡Z n‡e| gwng mvbœ¨vj webxZ fw½‡Z e‡jb, Avcwb G-mg‡qi me‡P‡q L¨vwZgvb †jLK| Avcbvi GKUv Dcb¨vm Avgvi cvewj‡Kkb †_‡K hw` †ei Kivi my‡hvM cvB Zvn‡j ab¨ g‡b Kie wb‡R‡K| Avwg Rvwb mvi& jvL UvKv w`‡jI Avcbvi Dcb¨v‡mi mwVK g~j¨ †`Iqv nq bv, wKš‘ Avwg mvgvb¨ cvewjkvi| Avgvi mvg_©¨I mvgvb¨| Avgvi mvg_©¨ AbyhvqxB mvgvb¨ wKQy UvKv Avwg A¨vWfvÝ wn‡m‡e wb‡q G‡mwQ| eo Avkv wb‡q G‡mwQ Avwg †h, Avcwb bv Ki‡eb bv| GB eB‡gjv‡ZB Dcb¨vmUv †ei Ki‡Z PvB Avwg| cÖvq KvZi wfwLwii `„wó‡Z ivRv iv‡qi w`‡K ZvKvb gwng mvbœ¨vj| ivRv ivq‡K M¤¢xi Avi PzcPvc †`‡L gwiqv Mjvq e‡jb, GKUv †QvU Dcb¨vm n‡jI n‡e m¨vi Ñ Avcbvi bvgUv _vK‡jB †Zv h‡_ó| D-c-b¨v-m| †U‡b †U‡b kãUv D”PviY K‡ib wZwb| †hb kãUv cÖ_g ïb‡Qb wZwb| †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y ¶gvnxb nvwm dz‡U I‡V Zuvi| e‡jb, emyb, Avwg AvmwQ| Ic‡i D‡V hvb ivRv ivq| wP‡j‡KvVvi N‡ii GKUv Kv‡Vi ZvK| Zvi GK †Kv‡Y ivLv A‡bKw`‡bi cyi‡bv evwZj cvÊywjwci ¯—‚c| Zuvi cÖ_g eq‡mi ey‡Ki i³ †X‡j †`Iqv †mB me †jLv, hv †Kv_vI Qvcv‡Z cv‡ibwb wZwb, A_P cÖv‡Y a‡i ev‡R KvM‡Ri Szwo‡Z †d‡jI w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| †bvsiv Szj Avi ay‡jvq XvKv KvMRcˇii WuvB †Nu‡U †ei K‡i Av‡bb bxj jvBb Uvbv dzj‡¯‹c KvM‡R †jLv cvÊywjwc AÜKv‡ii MÜ| W¨v¤ú †j‡M †Kv_vI †Kv_vI †jLv AveQv n‡q †M‡Q Z‡e Zvi cv‡Vv×vi GL‡bv Am¤¢e n‡q `uvovqwb| cvÊywjwcUv nv‡Z wb‡ZB m~² cÖwZ‡kv‡ai GKwPj‡Z nvwm dz‡U DVj ivRv iv‡qi Pvcv †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y| †mw`b¸wji K_v wZwb Av‡Rv †fv‡jbwb| gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji KvQ †_‡K AcgvwbZ n‡q wd‡i Avmvi ci iv‡M-`yt‡L †f‡ewQ‡jb, GB wbõj cvÊywjwc Qy‡o Dby‡b †d‡j †`‡eb Ñ Rxe‡b Avi Kjg nv‡Z †b‡eb bv wZwb; wKš‘ †klvewa wb‡Ri GB cÖwZÁv wZwb ivL‡Z cv‡ibwb| AvR †mB evwZj cvÊywjwc Gfv‡e GKw`b Kv‡R †j‡M hv‡e fv‡ebwb ivRv ivq| wb‡P †b‡g G‡m gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji D`&MÖxe nv‡Z cvÊywjwcUv w`‡q e‡j Ñ GB wbb| A‡bKw`b Av‡MKvi †jLv| cÖ_g cvZvq †MvUv †MvUv K‡i †jLv Dcb¨v‡mi bvgUv weoweo K‡i c‡ob Ñ A-Ü-Kv-†i-i M-Ü Ñ ivRv ivq e‡jb Ñ nu¨v, MÜiv‡Ri MÜ bq wKš‘ Ñ AÜKv‡ii Ñ nvB cvIqv‡ii †gvUv †j‡Ýi wb‡P gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji a~mi †Pv‡L nVvr Kx GKUv wSwjK †L‡j †Mj| ivRv ivq ey‡S IVvi †Póv

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K‡ib| IB wSwjK wK eywS‡q w`‡q †Mj †h gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji mewKQy g‡b c‡o †M‡Q? wKš‘ ¯úóZB evB‡i wZwb †mUv eyS‡Z w`‡Z PvB‡Qb bv| ivRv ivq gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Pv‡Li w`‡K w¯’i `„wó †i‡L e‡jb, Kx? Pj‡e †Zv GB Dcb¨vm Ñ A-Ü-Kv-†i-i M-Ü Ñ ? gwng mvbœ¨vj BwZg‡a¨ cvZv DjwU‡q †`‡L †M‡Qb cuqlwÆ c„ô„ vi Dcb¨vmUv| nVvr g‡b n‡jv ivRv iv‡qi cÖwZ‡kv‡ai †h-nvwm wZwb wbtk‡ã GZ¶‡Y wb‡Ri g‡b nvmwQ‡jb Zvi †P‡q †Xi †KŠZzK Avi iM‡oi nvwm †hb dz‡U D‡V‡Q gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y| gwng †mUv eyS‡Z w`‡Z bv PvB‡jI wZwb c‡o wb‡Z fyj Ki‡jb bv| ixwZg‡Zv wew¯§Z nb ivRv ivq| LvwbKUv µz×I| GL‡bv G-†KŠZzK Zvi wK‡mi? AvR †Zv Avi wZwb gwn‡gi †KŠZz‡Ki cvÎ bb| mg‡qi N~wY©cv‡K gwng mvbœ¨vj AvR GK `y¯’ cÖKvkK gvÎ Avi ivRv ivq mdjZg mvwnwZ¨K| gwng mvbœ¨vjB eis AvR Zuvi K…cvi cvÎ| gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Vuv‡Ui duv‡K G †Mvcb †KŠZz‡Ki nvwm gvbvq GLb? gwng wKš‘ evB‡i Lye KuvPzguvPz gyL K‡i e‡jb, Avcbvi Dcb¨vm KL‡bv Qvcv‡bvi my‡hvM cve fvwewb| G Avgvi cig †mŠfvM¨| cÖ_g †h KwU c„ôv †Pv‡L coj mvi& Ñ Ac~e©| evsjvfvlvq GiKg †jLv Gi Av‡M Aš—Z †KD †j‡Lwb| wKš‘ Dcb¨vmUv hw` `qv K‡i GKUz †kl K‡i †`b| eB‡gjvi †Zv Avi †ewk †`wi †bB| wKw¯—‡Z wKw¯—‡Z w¯­c cvVv‡Z n‡e †cÖ‡m| †ewk †`wi n‡j †Kv‡bv †cÖmB Avi wb‡Z PvB‡e bv| ivRv ivq AevK n‡q e‡jb, gv‡b? †MvUv Dcb¨vmB †Zv Avwg w`jvg Avcbv‡K| Ñ bv mvi&, webxZ nvwm nv‡mb gwng mvbœ¨vj, Ñ GB †`Lyb Ñ gwng cvÊywjwcUv `ynv‡Z cy‡iv †g‡j a‡i didi K‡i GKevi Dj‡U †h‡ZB ivRv ivq `¨v‡Lb G‡Kev‡i †k‡li w`‡Ki †ek K‡qKUv c„ôv wmjfvi wd‡ki Avµg‡Y G‡Kev‡i d`©vdvB| †Quov gv‡Qi Rv‡ji g‡Zv †`Lv‡”Q c„ôv¸wj‡K| fy³vewkó A¶i¸wj hv c‡o Av‡Q Zv niàvi wjwci g‡ZvB `y‡e©va¨| Ah‡Zœ ivLv GKw`‡bi G‡Zv h‡Zœ †jLv cvÊywjwcUv †h Gfv‡e †cvKvq †L‡q hv‡e Zv NyYv¶‡iI KL‡bv gv_vq Av‡mwb ivRv iv‡qi| ivRv ivq ZvwK‡q `¨v‡Lb gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y †mB m~² gRv cvIqvi nvwmUv †hb †j‡MB Av‡Q| hvi KviY wKQyUv Abygvb Ki‡Z †c‡i cÖwZ‡kv‡ai nvwmUv †hb Av‡iv KwVb n‡q I‡V ivRv iv‡qi| hZ weL¨vZ †jLKB †nvb bv †Kb ivRv ivq Ñ Zuvi †jLv GKUv Aa©mgvß Dcb¨vm wbðqB Qvc‡Z ej‡eb bv gwng mvbœ¨vj‡K| d‡j AÜKv‡ii MÜ Qvcvi nvZ †_‡K wbðqB wb®‹…wZ †c‡q †M‡jb wZwb| wKš‘ cuwPk eQi ci huv‡K wZwb nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq †c‡q‡Qb Zuv‡K G‡Zv mn‡R †Q‡o †`‡eb Kx K‡i? g‡b g‡b e‡jb ivRv ivq Ñ hZB Zzwg nv‡mv gwng mvbœ¨vj, GB AÜKv‡ii MÜB Avwg †Zvgv‡K w`‡q Qvcve| KzKz‡ii g‡ZvB †Zvgv‡K ïu‡K †eov‡Z n‡e AÜKv‡ii MÜ| ivRv ivq gy‡L Lye m`qfv‡e e‡jb Ñ wVK Av‡Q gwngevey bZzb K‡i Avwg wj‡L w`w”Q †cvKvLvIqv c„ôv¸wj| eB‡gjv ïi“ nIqvi w`b c‡b‡iv Av‡MB †c‡q hv‡eb| K‡qKUv †Zv †gv‡U c„ôv| gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji gy‡Li nvwmUv wKš‘ e`jvq bv| nvZ KP‡j e‡jb Ñ Avwg Zvn‡j IB nßv`y‡qK c‡iB Avme mvi&, Avcbvi Kv‡Q Ñ †gv‡U †Zv †MvUv c‡b‡iv c„ôv| I Avcwb euv-nv‡Z wjL‡jI w`b cuvP-Q‡qi g‡a¨ bvwg‡q w`‡Z cvi‡eb mvi&| ivRv ivq Pzc K‡i _v‡Kb| GKUz KuvPzguvPz gy‡L gwng mvbœ¨vj Avevi e‡jb Ñ ïay GKUv K_v mvi&, A‡bKw`b Av‡Mi †jLv †Zv Ñ bZzb †jLvUv †hb Zvi m‡½ Lvc Lvq| cuwPk eQi a‡i wj‡L ivRv ivq †jLK wn‡m‡e AvR G‡Zv hk Avi ¯^xK…wZ †c‡q‡Qb| †jLv wb‡q Kv‡iv Mv‡q-cov wn‡Zvc‡`k

wZwb mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| M¤¢xifv‡e e‡jb ivRv ivq Ñ †m-e¨vcviUv Avgvi Ic‡i †Q‡o w`‡jB wK fv‡jv nq bv? Ñ †nu †nu, Zv †Zv e‡UB mvi&| evB‡i KuvPzguvPz fve †`Lv‡jI ivRv ivq `¨v‡Lb †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y †KŠZz‡Ki nvwmUv †j‡MB Av‡Q gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji| G-nvwmi Kx A_© wVK †hb ai‡Z cv‡ib bv ivRv ivq; wKš‘ g‡b g‡bB wZwb GK Awfbe DrmM©cÎ wVK K‡i †d‡jb eBUvi Rb¨| Ô†h-Acgvb K‡iwQj Zv‡K|Õ G DrmM©c‡Îi gv‡b eyS‡e bv GZUv †eiwmK wbðqB bb gwng mvbœ¨vj; wKš‘ gy‡Li fveUv ZLb Zuvi KxiKg n‡e †`Lvi Rb¨ cÖvYUv †hb QUdU K‡i I‡V ivRv iv‡qi| Ii IB gy‡Li fve †`Lvi †P‡q †hvM¨ cÖwZ‡kva Avi Kx Av‡Q?

`yB eB‡gjvi Rb¨ cvewjkvi‡`i hv AwMÖg digvk wQj w`‡b mvZ-AvU NÈv bvKgyL ¸u‡R wj‡L Zv †gv‡Ui Ici Zz‡j w`‡Z †c‡i‡Qb ivRv ivq| h~_x, †Zvgvi ü`q Dcb¨v‡mi †kl K‡qKUv w¯­c wjL‡Z wM‡q Aek¨ GKUz †`vUvbvq co‡Z n‡qwQj ivRv ivq‡K| A‡bKw`‡bi Af¨v‡mi d‡jB †i‡mi †Nvovi g‡Zv Kj‡gi Ici GKevi †P‡c em‡Z cvi‡j KjgB †hb Zuv‡K EaŸ©k¦v‡m QywU‡q wb‡q hvq wb‡Ri iv¯—vq| †Kv‡bvwKQyB Avi gv_v Nvwg‡q we‡kl fve‡Z nq bv ivRv ivq‡K| mvwnZ¨ iPbv e¯‘Z Zuvi Kv‡Q GLb Mv‡q †Zj gvLv ev fvZ LvIqvi g‡ZvB GKUv mnR cÖwµqv, Zv †f‡e wb‡Ri cÖwZfvq wb‡RB gy» nb ivRv ivq| g‡b c‡o †jLKRxe‡bi cÖ_g w`‡K hLb Lye covï‡bv Ki‡Zb wZwb GKwU weL¨vZ Rvg©vb Dcb¨vm c‡o Lye gRv †c‡qwQ‡jb| Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK GK ¯^‡NvwlZ †jLK GKUv wbZvš— nvm¨Ki wPwVI wjL‡Z wM‡q evievi KvUvKzwU Ki‡Z Ki‡Z †k‡l GB wm×v‡š— †cuŠQ‡jb Ñ ÔRvZ †jLK ZuvivB †jLvUv huv‡`i Lye mn‡R Av‡m bv|Õ bv, Kzm‡y gi evmi †jLvi ci †_‡K Aš—Z bv-wjL‡Z-cvivi mc‡¶ GiKg †KŠZzKKi hyw³ KL‡bv nvwRi Ki‡Z nqwb ivRv ivq‡K Ñ †Kbbv, †jLvUv Zuvi GLb Aš—Z mn‡RB Av‡m| wKš‘ G-Dcb¨vmwU †kl Kivi e¨vcv‡i GKUz mgm¨vq c‡owQ‡jb e‡U ivRv ivq| Dcb¨v‡mi †MvovUv wZwb a‡iwQ‡jb fv‡jv| bvwqKv‡K wZwb Gu‡KwQ‡jb Uc, UvBU wRb‡mi c¨v›U civ GK `yiš— bvixev`x Zi“Yx wn‡m‡e| c¨v‡›Ui c‡K‡U Zvi `vwg wmMv‡i‡Ui c¨v‡KU| GKUz †Ubkb n‡jB dzidzi K‡i wmMv‡iU Uv‡b| wKš‘ Dcb¨vmUv Gfv‡e †kl Ki‡Z PvBwQ‡jb bv ivRv ivq| Zuvi G-Dcb¨vm wb‡q wm‡bgv, wUwf wmwiqvj n‡eB| eq¯‹ gvby‡livB g~j `k©K Gm‡ei| Zuviv e¨vcviUv‡K Ab¨iKgfv‡e wb‡Z cv‡ib, myZivs bvwqKvi c‡K‡U wmMv‡i‡Ui c¨v‡KU _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zvi wmuw_‡Z wmu`yi w`‡qB wZwb Dcb¨vmwU †kl Ki‡Z PvBwQ‡jb| wKš‘ †mUv Ki‡Z n‡e Lye †KŠk‡j wkím¤§Zfv‡e| Zi“Y cvVK‡`i AvRKvj Lye Auv‡Zj Auv‡Zj fve| LyuZ bv ai‡Z cvi‡j Avevi Auv‡Zj nIqv hvq bv| Pvi-cuvP c„ôv †jLv‡jwL KvUvKvwU Ñ †hUv eûw`b Zuv‡K Ki‡Z nqwb Ñ Kivi ci Ae‡k‡l e¨vcviUv wZwb cQ›`g‡Zv `uvo Kiv‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| Gevi wZwb wbwðZ G-eB evRv‡i †ei“‡bv gvÎ û-û K‡i KvU‡Z ïi“ Ki‡e| cvV‡Ki †gRvR-gwR©B hw` bv eyS‡Z cvi‡jb Zvn‡j cuwPk eQi a‡i mvwnZ¨PP©v Ki‡jb †Kb wZwb? GLb nv‡Z Zuvi Avi †Kv‡bv Kv‡Ri Pvc †bB| GLb wZwb m¤ú~Y© gy³| cuwPk eQi Av‡MKvi DB‡q LvIqv cvÊywjwcUv wb‡q Gevi em‡ZB cv‡ib wZwb| cvÊywjwc †givgZ Kivi Rb¨ GL‡bv mvZw`b mgq nv‡Z Av‡Q Zuvi| LvIqv`vIqv †m‡i GKUz †ewk iv‡ZB e‡mb wZwb cvÊywjwcUv wb‡q| GUvB Zuvi †jLvi me‡P‡q wcÖq mgq| Zuvi gbtms‡hvM bó Kivi g‡Zv †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv kã †bB, †Kvjvnj †bB| gv‡S gv‡S

`y-GKUv Mvwo ïay û-D-k K‡i P‡j hv‡”Q mvg‡bi iv¯—v w`‡q| cvÊywjwci †k‡li w`‡Ki A‡bK¸wj A¶i DB‡qi †c‡U P‡j †M‡jI mvg‡bi w`‡Ki cvZv¸wj A‡bKUv AUzU A¶q Av‡Q| ivRv ivq co‡Z _v‡Kb Zuvi cuwPk eQi Av‡MKvi †jLv Ñ hLb mvwnZ¨hkwf¶z mvgvb¨ GKRb hyeKgvÎ wZwb, huv‡K Abvqv‡mB Acgvb Kiv P‡j| eyu` n‡q co‡ZB _v‡Kb ivRv ivq Ñ Avðh©!

G-†jLv wK GKKv‡j wZwbB wj‡LwQ‡jb? †Kvb c„w_exi K_v wZwb wj‡L‡Qb G‡Z? co‡Z co‡ZB cuwPk eQi Av‡MKvi GKUv jyß AjxK RMr †hb K‡qKevi we`y¨rMf© †g‡Ni g‡Zv wSwjK w`‡q D‡VB wb‡f hvq Zuvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b| Zvici ˆkk‡ei nvwi‡q-hvIqv ¯^‡cœi g‡Zv GKUv Mnb Kv‡jv wbR©b b`xi Qwe †hb evievi †Pv‡Li Ici †f‡m DV‡Z _v‡K Zuvi| gvZ…M‡f©i g‡Zv b`xi Ic‡ii AÜKvi AvKvk †hb †Kv‡bv Avðh© Rxe‡bi Rb¥ †`‡e e‡j Zvivi Av‡jvq Kuvc‡Q...| b`xi cv‡ii †Mu‡qv Miv‡bi cvZvi ga¨ w`‡q nvIqv e‡q hv‡”Q †hb †mB Avðh© R‡b¥i DjyaŸwbi g‡Zv| ïK‡bv LoKz‡Uv Avi †bŠ‡Kvi †Lv‡ji AvjKvZivi MÜ, b`xi `ycv‡ki MvQMvQvwj Avi b`xi Rj †_‡K D‡V Avmv Auvk‡U MÜ me wg‡jwg‡k †hb Zv †mB AÜKv‡ii MÜ, hv GKw`b GK inm¨gq Rxe‡bi K_vB ej‡Z PvBZ ïay|...

GKw`b KZ cÖZ¨¶ wQj IB b`xUv Zuvi Kv‡Q, AvR Avi †bB| GKw`b eyK f‡i wbk¦vm wb‡j †mB AÜKv‡ii MÜUv mZ¨B †c‡Zb ivRv ivq, wKš‘ AvR? meUvB AjxK Aev¯—e g‡b n‡”Q Zuvi Kv‡Q? †hb GK AjxK KweZ¡?

Kjg-nv‡Z wbtkã cv_‡ii g~wZ©i g‡Zv e‡m _v‡Kb ivRv ivq| †hb A‡c¶v Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †mB ˆ`e gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ hLb nVvr †Kv‡bv GK Avðh© nvIqvq cuwPk eQi Av‡MKvi MíUv nVvr wd‡i Avm‡e Avi Zvi Abyl‡½ †Pv‡Li mvg‡b `c& K‡i R¡‡j DV‡e jyß AvUjvw›U‡Ki g‡Zv †mB c„w_exUv, GKw`b wZwb hvi Awaevmx wQ‡jb Ñ Avi †mB c„w_exUv wb‡q ZLb Avevi wZwb wjL‡Z ïi“ Ki‡eb| wKš‘ PzcPvc e‡mB _v‡Kb Amnvq ivRv ivq| Avevi e‡m _v‡Kb| mvg‡b †Lvjv cvÊywjwc| kã nvZ‡o †eovb wZwb Ñ †h-k‡ã fi w`‡q UvBg †gwk‡bi g‡Zv GKw`b wZwb wd‡i †h‡Z cvi‡eb Zuvi †mB jyß c„w_exUvq, †h-c„w_exi GKw`b GKgvÎ Aaxk¦i wQ‡jb wZwbB| wKš‘ e„_vB e‡m _vKv ivRv iv‡qi| hZB evwYR¨mdj RbwcÖq †jLK †nvb bv †Kb wZwb, AvR AÜKv‡ii AjxK MÜ cvIqvi kw³ wZwb K‡eB nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Qb| Zuvi nv‡Z Avi KL‡bvB wd‡i Avm‡e bv †mB me kã hv w`‡q GKw`b wZwb ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi wbR¯^ GKUv RMr‡K| ARy©‡bi g‡Zv Zuvi nvZ †_‡K †hb K‡eB MvÊxe L‡m †M‡Q Ñ wZwb Rvb‡ZI cv‡ibwb| Av‡jv wbwf‡q w`‡q GKmg‡q eviv›`vi AvKv‡ki wb‡P G‡m `uvovb Amnvq ivRv ivq, Avi ZLbB †hb gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji †Vuv‡Ui †Kv‡Y jU‡K _vKv m~² nvwmi A_©Uv cÖvÄj n‡q hvq ivRv iv‡qi Kv‡Q| GZB `~i`ªóv Zvn‡j gwng mvbœ¨vj †h, Zuvi †kl nvwmUv wZwb G‡Zv Av‡MB †n‡m wb‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb? wKš‘ bv, gwng mvbœ¨v‡ji Kv‡Q Avev‡iv nvi‡Z cv‡ib bv wZwb| †h-†Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ †nvK wRZ‡Z Zuv‡K n‡eB| gbw¯’i K‡i †d‡jb ivRv ivq| c‡b‡iv w`b ci hLb Avm‡eb gwng mvbœ¨vj cvÊywjwc wb‡Z ivRv ivq Zuv‡K e‡j †`‡eb †h, Ab¨ Avi GKRb cvewjkvi A‡bK †ewk g~j¨ w`‡q †mB cvÊywjwc wK‡b wb‡q †M‡Q Zuvi KvQ †_‡K| GUzKz wg_¨v ej‡Z n‡eB Zuv‡K| †Kbbv †hLv‡b G‡m AvR wZwb †cuŠ‡Q‡Qb †mLv‡b †RZvi Rb¨I AvR Avi nviv P‡j bv| 

51

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UvWi †_‡K gvwU‡Z cv w`‡ZB RvqMvUv †hb MvQMvQvwj, cyKzi, cvwLi WvK, wSiwS‡i evZvm Ñ me wb‡q GK cj‡K G‡Kev‡i `k nv‡Z Avcb K‡i wbj| `y‡Uv j¤^v j¤^v k¦vm †djjvg `uvwo‡q| †ek Qov‡bv-wQUv‡bv cvov| ev GL‡bv cvov n‡q I‡Vwb †mfv‡e| `ycv‡k †ekwKQy wK‡b ivLv c­U| gvSLvb w`‡q †h-iv¯—v a‡i Avgiv Gjvg, †mUv †kl n‡”Q GKUv gv‡Vi g‡Zv RvqMvq| Wvbw`K †_‡K euvw`‡K ZvKv‡j cÖ_‡g GKUv †`vZjv evwo| GL‡bv is Kiv nqwb| mvg‡b †QvUg‡Zv evMvb Kivi †Póv Pj‡Q| Zvi c‡i GKUv †ek eo kvb-euvav‡bv PvZvj| Avi PvZv‡ji c‡iB †QvU `y-Kvgivi GKZjv evwoUv|

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†Kv‡bv evMvb †bB| †Kv‡bv mxgvbv Rvbv‡bv †eov †bB| meUvB D‡Vvb| mvg‡b wZb nvZ g‡Zv †QvU eviv›`v| D‡Vvb †_‡K IVvi Rb¨ K‡qKUv BU R‡ov K‡i wmuwoi avc gZb Kiv Av‡Q| GgbwK c­v÷viI Kiv nqwb evwoUvi| GUv Avgv‡`i evwo| Avgvi Avi gv-i| fvov bq, GKvbœeZx© fv‡Mi Ni bq| ïay Avwg Avi gv| G‡Kev‡i wb‡R‡`i| hLb hv B‡”Q ZvB Kivi evwo| iv‡Z `kUvi g‡a¨ †Kb †d‡ivwb? †`qv‡j †Kb †c‡iK VzK‡j? mKv‡j †PŠKv‡V R‡ji Qov †K †`‡e Ñ wK”Qy †bB| †mme wK”Qy †bB| Avn&...| gv KLb VzKVzK K‡i cv‡k G‡m Kuv‡a nvZ †i‡L‡Q| Avwg Ny‡i gv‡K †`wL| eqm Av‡¯— Av‡¯— AwaKvi Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| GLb Avi ZZUv mUvb

†bB, m‡ZR †bB| Pjv‡divq gv‡S gv‡SB GKUv K¬vwš— aiv c‡o| AvR Aek¨ †mme G‡Kev‡iB DavI| `y‡PvL Dc‡P Drmvn Avi Lywk Sjgj Ki‡Q| wc‡Vi Ici Avj‡Zv Pvc w`‡q ejj, Pj, gvjcθ‡jv bvgv‡Z n‡e †Zv! gvjcÎ mvgvb¨B| g¨vUvW‡ii WªvBfvi Avi LvjvwmUv wg‡j `wo`ov Lyj‡Q| Avwg gv‡K `ynv‡Z Rwo‡q aijvg| gv aij Avgv‡K k³ K‡i| A‡bK jovB‡qi ci †kl ch©š— GKUv gv_v‡MuvRvi Av¯—vbv GB evwo| jovB `yR‡bi `yiKg| gv-i jovB evev P‡j hvevi c‡i Avgv‡K eo K‡i †Zvjv| c„w_exi mK‡ji Kv‡Q bZ n‡q, bgbxq n‡q _vKv memgq| hv‡Z Avgvi †Kv‡bv ¶wZ bv nq| Avi Avgvi jovB... g¨vUvWi _vgvi AvIqvR †c‡q mvg‡bi †`vZjv evwo †_‡K gnv‡`eevey †ewi‡q G‡m‡Qb| †eu‡U I †gvUv‡mvUv f`ª‡jvKwU nuvmduvm Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avgv‡`i w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Qb| †cQ‡b Ii ¯¿x| G‡`i KvQ †_‡K Avgiv evwoUv wK‡bwQ| GKZjv `yKvgivi evwoUv †Q‡o Iiv mvg‡bi †`vZjv evwo‡Z D‡V †M‡Qb| evevi eqmx f`ª‡jvK cÖvq R‡ji `‡i evwoUv wewµ K‡i w`‡jb Avgv‡`i| †f‡ewQjvg wKQy †Mvjgvj Av‡Q †evanq| Dwb Avgvi nv‡Z `wjj w`‡q ej‡jb, hv‡K w`‡q Lywk †PK Kwi‡q wb‡Z cv‡iv, †Kv‡bv †Mvjgvj †bB| wiUvqvi K‡i nv‡Z wKQy UvKv G‡jv, Avi mvg‡bi RwgUvI †Kbv wQj, ZvB ILv‡b P‡j †Mjvg| GLb †`vZjvUv Ki‡Z wM‡q †V‡K †MwQ| ZvB IB evwoUv †ePv| bv n‡j, wb‡Ri cÖ_g Kiv evwo †KD †e‡P bv| †ewkw`b evmI Kwiwb ILv‡b| cÖvq bZzbB Av‡Q evwoUv|

f`ª‡jvK‡K †Kb †hb fv‡jv †j‡M †Mj| `vgUvI †ek m¯—v| Avi Av‡Mwc‡Q wKQy fvwewb| Ñ G‡m c‡o‡Qv †Zvgiv? Avmyb Avmyb| iv¯—vq †Kv‡bv Kó nqwb †Zv? Ii ¯¿x GwM‡q G‡m gv-i nvZ a‡ib| gy‡L wKQy e‡jb bv| `yRb cÖvq mgeqmx gwnjvi gyL D¾¡j n‡q I‡V| Avwg eyS‡Z cvwi, GLv‡b Avgv‡`i cieZx© RxebUv AZ¨š— kvwš—cY~ © n‡e| gnv‡`eevey g¨vUvWi †_‡K gvjcÎ bvgv‡bv Z`viK Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Ii ¯¿x bxi‡e ¯^vgx‡K mvnvh¨ K‡ib| gv‡S gv‡S `y-GKUv K_v e‡jb| Avwg Avi gv evwoUvi w`‡K GwM‡q hvB| eviv›`vq D‡V Avwg Zvjv Lywj| eûevi †`Lv n‡q‡Q GB Kqw`‡b| Zey Avgiv wKQy¶Y Pzc K‡i ZvwK‡q _vwK| mg¯— kixi w`‡q Abyfe K‡i wb‡Z PvB wb‡Ri N‡ii ¯^v`| gm„Y †g‡S‡Z cv N‡l N‡l wM‡q Rvbvjv Ly‡j w`‡Z Av‡jvq nvIqvq Ni †f‡m hvq| evwoUv †Kbvi c‡iI wKQy UvKv †eu‡P hvIqvq GB †g‡SUv Kwi‡q wb‡qwQ| jvj UK&UK& Ki‡Q bZzb †g‡S| Avwg nvZ w`‡q Qyu‡q Qyu‡q Abyfe Ki‡Z _vwK| gv †n‡m e‡j, cvMj †Q‡j| IV&| wVK DËgKzgv‡ii wm‡bgvi gv‡q‡`i g‡Zv jv‡M Avgvi gv-†K| `ycyi nIqvi Av‡MB gvjcÎ me wVK K‡i ivLv n‡q †Mj| gnv‡`eeveyi ¯¿x evwo P‡j †MwQ‡jb| hLb wd‡i G‡jb, Avgv‡`i KvR cÖvq †k‡li gy‡L| Avgiv ZLb †`qv‡j evevi GKgvÎ d‡UvUv UvwO‡q ivLwQ| gv-i w`‡K †cQb wd‡i AvwQ, Zey Rvwb gv-i †Pv‡L Rj| AvR Avgv‡`i wb‡Ri evwo n‡q‡Q, mvgvb¨ n‡jI GKUv PvKwi n‡q‡Q| AvR †Zv gv-i evevi K_v g‡b co‡eB| gvbylUv wKQyB †`‡L †h‡Z cvij bv| mg¯— my‡Li w`‡bI Avgv‡`i GB `yt‡Li RvqMvUv fivU nevi bq| gnv‡`eeveyi ¯¿x wKQyB wRÁvmv Ki‡jb bv| wKQy¶Y cv‡k †g‡S‡Z Pzc K‡i e‡m iB‡jb| †PvL e¨_vq ¤­vb| Zvici ej‡jb, AvRB G‡jb| G‡ejv Avi ivbœvevwoi nv½vgv K‡i KvR †bB| I-evwo‡ZB hv †nvK wKQy gy‡L w`‡q †b‡eb| †Kgb| Ñ bv bv, †m wK? GB †Zv ivbœvi e¨e¯’v n‡qB †M‡Q| Avcwb Avevi Kó K‡i... Gme wKQyB ej‡Z cvijvg bv| Zvi Avš—wiKZvi mvg‡b me wkóvPviB †L‡jv g‡b n‡jv| `ycy‡i LvIqvi e¨e¯’v LyeB mv`vgvUv, wKš‘ AZ¨š— h‡Zœ Kiv| Wvj fvZ kvK †e¸‡bi ZiKvwi Avi †QvU gvQ| †L‡Z e‡m gnv‡`eevey‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg, Av”Qv IB PvZvjUv Kv‡`i? gv‡b GiKg GZUv RvqMv wm‡g›U w`‡q euvwa‡q ivLv... Ñ AvwgI wVK Rvwb bv| Dwb gv_v bv‡ob| Ñ ï‡bwQ IB †cQ‡bi RjvUvi Kv‡Q bvwK GK mv‡n‡ei avbKj wQj| avbUvb ï‡Kv‡Z w`Z †evanq| Ñ mv‡ne? KZw`b Av‡Mi K_v? Ñ Zv Pwj­k eQi n‡e| Ñ †m wK? †m †Zv ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i! Ñ nu¨v| ZvB †Zv `uvov‡”Q| Ñ Avðh©! ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i mv‡ne G‡`‡k avbKj Pvjv‡”Q! Ñ RvqMvUvi bvg Av‡iv Avðh©| †Uwbm‡KvU©| †Uwbm‡KvU©? Zvn‡j †Uwbm †Ljv n‡Zv ejyb| Ñ †miKg wKQy wKš‘ ïwbwb| †cv÷vj A¨v‡Wª‡mI †jLv _v‡K †Uwbm‡KvU©| Avgv‡`i wPwVcÎI me IB wVKvbv‡ZB Av‡m|

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†Uwbm‡KvU©| †Uwbm‡KvU©| gv_vi g‡a¨ bvgUv wb‡q †kl `ycy‡i †g‡Si Ici ï‡q _vwK| GL‡bv d¨vb jvMv‡bv nqwb| A_P GKUzI Mig jvM‡Q bv| wK A™¢yZ Avi my›`i bvg| †Uwbm‡KvU©| wPwVI bvwK Av‡m IB wVKvbvq| AvgviI wPwV Avm‡e| Avgvi bv‡g Avm‡e| †Kv‡bv †Kqvi Ad QvovB| wKš‘ †K wPwV wjL‡e GLv‡b? Avgvi wVKvbv †Zv †KD Rv‡b bv| AwbZv? bv, AwbZvI Avgvi wVKvbv Rv‡b bv MZ GK eQi| kni KjKvZv‡K Avwg †Q‡o G‡mwQ| KjKvZvi mg¯— eÜz‡Mvôx, K‡jR w÷ªU †_‡K ag©Zjv I‡qwjsUb ch©š— nuvUv, iv¯—vi cÖwZwU dzUcvZevmxi Rxeb Ajm †Pv‡L †`Lv, KwVb KóKi evsjv g‡`i g‡Zv Kov †bkvZzi Rxeb Ñ me me| Avi AwbZv| KjKvZv Avgvi Kv‡Q A‡bKUvB AwbZv| I‡`i më‡j‡Ki d¬¨vU| mewKQy GZ ¸wQ‡q mvRv‡bv| gvc gZb| Ii gv-evevi AMva cÖkqÖ | `xN© `xN© `ycyi| Ii KvZi A_P FRy kix‡ii fw½| GKUz fzj n¨v‡Ûj Ki‡jB k³ Avi kxZj n‡q hv‡e| gyn~Z© †b‡e bv †Zvgv‡K GK SUKvq mwi‡q w`‡Z| †Q‡o G‡mwQ| cvwiwb †kl ch©š— Uvb‡Z| kix‡ii †Kv_vI GKUv wd‡K e¨_v †j‡M _v‡K| kni KjKvZv Avgv‡K †bqwb| AvwgI Zv‡K †d‡j G‡mwQ| †K nvij †K wRZj †f‡e Kx n‡e?

Zvi †P‡q GB †Xi fv‡jv| GB jvj kvb-euvav‡bv Ni| c­v÷vinxb †`qvj| Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q _vKv Avmeve| cv‡ki N‡i gv| wb‡Ri evwo| mvgvb¨ PvKwi| w`‡bi †k‡l Ni-†Mi¯’vwji wKQy K_v| Po–B cvwLi wKwPiwgwPi| wb‡Ri wVKvbv| †Uwbm‡KvU©| IB wecyj weKU knikixi †_‡K gv‡qi †Q‡j gv‡qi †Kv‡j wd‡i G‡mwQ| AvnZ, Zey RxweZ †Zv! gv G‡m Avgvi cv‡k e‡m| Kg K_v ejv Avgvi gv| †QvU †QvU myL-`yt‡L KvZi n‡q c‡o| A_P eo eo †kvK mvg‡j D‡V‡Q| k³ †_‡K‡Q evB‡i| nvi gv‡bwb| Kx K‡i cv‡i?

Avwg gv_v bv Zz‡jB ewj, wMÖj w`‡q wb‡Z n‡e eviv›`vUvq| bv n‡j ivZ-we‡i‡Z... Ñ `uvov GLbB GZ¸‡jv UvKv †Mj| evwo †Kbv, †iwRw÷ª LiP| Zvi Ici GZ¸‡jv UvKv w`‡q †g‡S ˆZwi Kivwj| GKUz †_‡g hv| bZzb PvKwi| AZ mB‡e bv| Avwg ejjvg, †cv÷ Awdm wM‡q Rvwb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e Avgiv G‡mwQ| wPwV G‡j †hb GLv‡b w`‡q hvq| `ycyi e‡q hvq| GKUv kvš— wb¯—i½ cÖvq cwj­Rxeb ïi“ Kivi gy‡L Avwg Avi gv Pzc K‡i e‡m _vwK|

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eywo ey‡S hvq Avgvi K_v| ivwRI n‡q hvq| ivwR bv n‡q Dcvq! wKš‘ ev` mv‡a Avgvi eD| gvSLv‡b G‡m Suvwc‡q c‡o| Ñ Kx ej‡Qv Zzwg? gv-i we‡qi Avjgvwi, IUv hv‡e bv! wbðqB hv‡e| wb‡q †h‡ZB n‡e| Av‡i †gv‡jv hv, G-†g‡qUv wb‡Ri fv‡jv hw` GKUz †ev‡S! Avwg G-mg¯— KiwQ Kvi Rb¨? ayi ayi| kvjv me msmv‡i kvïwo-eD‡q SMov| Avi G‡K †`L, gv‡K wKQy ejv n‡jv wK n‡jv bv, Agwb †duvm K‡i DV‡e| gi‡M hv| Avgvi Kx? _vKwe ¸`vgN‡i| gvjcÎ me Lv‡Ui Ici wb‡q ï‡q _vKwe| Avi gvjcÎB Kx Kg! wd«R| wUwf| †Wªwms †Uwej| wWfvb| Avjgvwi| †MvUv `y‡qK †kv‡Km| Id| hv †c‡i‡Q `ynv‡Z wK‡b‡Q| GLb wkdU Ki‡Z wM‡q Avgvi `g †ewi‡q hv‡”Q| Qq-mvZRb †jvK jvMj AvjgvwiUv‡K Zzj‡Z| mi“ wmuwo| `uvovevi RvqMv †bB| Avjgvwi gm„Y| aiv hv‡”Q bv| nvZ w¯­c K‡i †M‡j †K‡j¼vwi n‡e| †k‡l GKRb eyw× w`‡jv, wmuwoi †iwjs‡q Zz‡j `vI Avjgvwi| Zvici Nm‡U wb‡q P‡jv| Ifv‡eB †Zvjv mnR n‡jv| wKš‘ PviZjvq D‡V †`Lv †Mj Avjgvwii GKUv cvkRy‡o j¤^v GKUv ¯Œ¨vP| Avgvi gv_v †Mj R¡‡j| Ñ ZLbB e‡jwQjvg, Ime dvjZz †evSv Avbvi `iKvi †bB| GLb GB ¯Œ¨vP cov Avjgvwi Avevi is Kiv‡Z n‡e| Ggwb‡ZB GB cvqivi LycwiUv †RvUv‡Z Avgvi mewKQy †ewi‡q †M‡Q| GLb Avwg g‡i †M‡j kÖv× Ki‡Z iv¯—vq wM‡q `uvov‡Z n‡e †Zvgv‡`i, †m-†Lqvj Av‡Q? †h hvi g‡Zv bevwe K‡i P‡j‡Q| LvU, cvj¼, Avjgvwi Ñ †XvKvI Av‡iv †XvKvI| mevB ïb‡Q| gv Avgvi wgB‡q hvq| wKQy ejvi †Póv K‡i| cv‡i bv| KUzev‡K¨i †mªvZ Avgvi gw¯—‡®‹i g‡a¨ †Zv‡o eB‡Z _v‡K| ïay AvR‡K bq| cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K w`b GKB e¨vcvi NU‡Z _v‡K| UzK K_v‡Z †i‡M DwV Avwg| eyS‡Z cvwi, memgq Avwg wVK bB| wb‡Ri fzj KL‡bv ¯^xKvi Kwi bv| wb‡Ri Kv‡QI bv| G-d¬¨vU Avgvi cqmvq †Kbv| Avwg G-cwiev‡ii KZ©v| GLv‡b me wm×vš— Avwg †be| Avgvi †Kqvi A‡d mewKQy n‡e GLv‡b| mevB ZU¯’ n‡q _vK‡e Avgvi mvg‡b| _v‡KI| Biv Avi evev e‡j †Nul w`‡Z Av‡m| bv| BZz memgq mZK©| KLb cvb †_‡K wK Pzb L‡m| Avi gv †Zv Qvqvgvbyl n‡q †M‡Q| Zey wKQyw`b PzcPvc KvU‡jB Avgvi gv_vi †fZi myomyo Ki‡Z _v‡K| Bmy¨ LyuR‡Z _vwK I‡`i we× Kivi| †c‡qI hvB| bZzb d¬¨vU, bZzb is Kiv †`qv‡ji AvbvP-KvbvP, †gvRvBK Kiv †g‡S Ñ me we× n‡Z _v‡K| BZz GKw`b e‡jwQj, †Zvgvi †cÖkviUv †evanq wVK †bB| GZ ûUnvU iv‡M hv‡”Qv...| Avgvi AmyL! nvt| Am¤¢e| Avwg GL‡bv wmuwo‡Z cÖwZwU †÷c `„pZvi m‡½ †i‡L Dc‡i DwV| PviZjv D‡V hvB GK`‡g| DwV Avi fve‡Z _vwK, BZz BÝy¨‡iÝ wcÖwgqvg †`Iqvi K_v Avgv‡K g‡b Kwi‡q †`qwb, I‡K AvR..., Biv AvRKvj ¯‹zj †_‡K wdi‡Z LyeB †`wi Ki‡Q, wbðqB †Kv‡bv †Q‡j‡U‡ji P°i, †g‡qUv‡K †c‡j..., Avi gv-i †Zv †Kv‡bv K_vB †bB... evwK Rxeb Avwg GB Acwimi wmuwoUv a‡iB DV‡Z _vKe| nq‡Zv GiB †Kv‡bv j¨vwÛs‡q †gvo Nyi‡j ivLv Av‡Q Avgvi ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv ˆK‡kv‡ii ¯^‡cœ †`Lv evwo| `y‡Uv Ni| jvj †g‡S| mvg‡b eviv›`v| euvav‡bv PvZvj| `ycyi Mov‡bv we‡Kj| Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gv| Avi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Avwg| wKš‘ Gme Avwg fvwe-Uvwe bv| 

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AjsKiY : Ave`ym kvKzi

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†mw`bB mܨvq †gŠPvK gv‡K©‡U Zvi kvwoi †`vKvb Rjw`-Rjw` eÜ K‡i †`q mvgv`| evmvq wd‡i Zvi ¯¿x jybv‡K e‡j, ÔjI, i“by‡i †`BLv Avwm wMqv|Õ Zvici mvgv` Avi Zvi ¯¿x jybv w`jy †iv‡W i“byi k¦ïievwo‡Z †eov‡Z hvq| †mB evwo‡Z emvi N‡ii †mvdvq e‡m wUwf‡Z mܨvi Lei †`‡L i“byi my`k©b RvgvB Avi Mí K‡i mvgv` I jybvi m‡½| ZLb Zc‡bi K_v g‡b c‡o hvq mvgv‡`i| Zc‡bi D”PZv wQj cuvP dzU AvU Bw g‡Zv, Mv‡qi isUv k¨vgjv Avi Mv‡q-MZ‡i †hb †Kv‡bv gvsmB †bB! †PnvivmyiZ †`‡L †gv‡UB Zv‡K AvKl©Yxq ejv †hZ bv| wKš‘ Zc‡bi nvwmUv Lye my›`i wQj| I nvm‡j g‡b n‡Zv †hb Zvi ü`‡qi mg¯— J¾¡j¨ SKS‡K `uv‡Zi duvK M‡j wVK‡i co‡Q Pviw`‡K! Avi i“byi RvgvBUv †Kgb †hb `uvZ K¨vjvqv w`qv nvm‡Z _v‡K mKj mgq! GUv fv‡jv jv‡M bv mvgv‡`i| Avi †mB evwo‡Z ZLb wek-evBk eQ‡ii `y‡Uv †g‡q‡K Ny‡i †eov‡Z †`Lv hvq| †g‡q `y‡Uv hgR Ñ G‡Kev‡i i“byi Kwc! i“byi †g‡q `y‡Uv‡K †`L‡j Zc‡bi K_v Av‡iv †ewk K‡i g‡b c‡o mvgv‡`i| 1971 mv‡j Zvi mn‡hv×v Zcb cÖvqB ejZ Ñ Ôgyw³hy× †h K‡e †kl nBe †`v¯—! hy× †kl nB‡j i“by‡i Avwg weqv Ki“g|Õ gyw³hy× †kl nIqvi Av‡MB †Kv‡bv GKiv‡Z Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷k‡b nvgjv Kivi mgq cvwK¯—vwb †mbv‡`i ¸wj‡Z g‡i †Mj ZcBb¨v| nq‡Zv Zcb Avi i“byiI hgR †g‡q n‡Z cviZ! †Kgb †`L‡Z n‡Zv Zviv? mvgv‡`i g‡b nq, Zcb Avi i“byi †g‡qiv i“byi g‡ZvB †`L‡Z my›`i n‡Zv Ñ †Kv‡bv m‡›`n bvB Zv‡Z| Gme fvebv †ewk¶Y P‡j bv, †Kbbv i“by Avi jybv †Kv‡bv GKUv wKQy wb‡q Lye nvm‡Q ZLb| Avi Zv‡Z †f‡O hvq mvgv‡`i Zcb-welqK fvebv| nvwR mv‡n‡ei evmvi MMbwkixl †K‡U †djvi Kvi‡Y mvivw`bB gbLvivc wQj Zvi| †m-K_v ZvB †m GKduv‡K AKc‡U e‡j †d‡j i“by‡K : ÔeySjv i“by! MMbwkix‡li MvQUv wKš‘ AvBRKv KvBUv †dj‡Q! nvwR mv‡n‡ei evmv A¨vcvU©‡g›U weìvi‡i w`qv w`‡Q Ñ Rv‡bv †Zv?Õ ZLb _g‡K wM‡q mvgv‡`i †Pv‡L Aí¶Y ZvwK‡q _v‡K nVvr welYœ n‡q hvIqv i“by| Zvici i“by e‡j : ÔAvc‡bi eÜzB hLb euvBPv bvB, Zvi wcÖq Mv‡Qi w`‡K ZvKvqv _vBKv Kx cvB‡Zb Avc‡b?Õ i“byi †m-cÖ‡kœi †Kv‡bv DËi K‡i bv mvgv`| wKš‘ mvgv‡`i g‡b nq, Zc‡bi wcÖq MMbwkix‡li Abycw¯’wZ Zxeª nvnvKvi Zzj‡Z cv‡i i“byi Lye Mfx‡i| i“byi ZLb g‡b co‡eB, ayÜzgvi e„wó‡Z A¯úó n‡q hvIqv MvQUvi w`‡K GK`v gy» n‡q ZvwK‡q _vKZ Zcb; Avi †m fveZ, †Kv‡bv GKw`b A‡Svi e„wói †fZ‡i PzcPvc `uvwo‡q wfR‡Z _vK‡e i“by Avi †m K‡qKUv mv`vKv‡jv Qwe Zzj‡e ZLb| wbDgv‡K©‡U †ikwg Pzwo wKb‡Z wM‡q A_ev wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †iwR÷ªvi wewìs‡qi gv‡V e‡m dzPKv †L‡Z †L‡Z G-K_vUv i“by‡K eûevi e‡jwQj Zcb †mB K‡e †Kvb Kv‡j Ñ EbmËi A_ev mˇi| wKš‘ GKUv K¨v‡giv †RvMvo Kivi Avi mgq cvqwb Zcb| Zvi Av‡MB Dwbk‡kv GKvËi mv‡j gyw³hy× ïi“ n‡q hvq| Zvici KZB bv Qwe †Zvjv n‡q‡Q i“byi! wKš‘ e„wói †fZ‡i i“byi `uvwo‡q _vKvi Qwe †KD Zzj‡Z Pvqwb, i“byI e‡jwb KvD‡K †Zgb GKUv Qwe Zy‡j w`‡Z †Kv‡bvw`b| †h-gvbylUv GK`v Zvi Qwe Zz‡j w`‡Z †P‡qwQj, †mB gvbylUvB hLb †eu‡P †bB, ZLb Zvi Zz‡j †`Iqv Qwe kvwoi fuv‡R AwZ mveav‡b mevi †Pv‡Li Avovj K‡i †i‡L w`‡q A_ev jywK‡q-jywK‡q GKUz †`L‡jB ev Kx jvf n‡Zv i“byi! Zvi PvB‡Z Zc‡bi G-¯^cœUv A_ev Ggb Av‡iv A‡bK ¯^cœB †ewk Rxeš— n‡q †R‡M _v‡K i“byi g‡bi †fZi| wKš‘ mvgv` fvB‡qi wPš—vfvebv Ab¨iKg| †m †Kej Zc‡bi †d‡j hvIqv wPý Lyu‡R †eovq! GUv wb‡q Avev‡iv weZK© Ki‡Z cviZ i“by| wKš‘ i“byi

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RvgvB‡qi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z †mUv Avi nqwb †mw`b| G-B nq Ñ i“byi evmvq †eov‡Z †M‡j Zcb‡K wb‡q †Zgb †Kv‡bv K_vB ej‡Z cv‡i bv mvgv`| Zcb Avi i“byi †Kv‡bv GKKv‡ji m¤ú‡K©i K_v GKvb-IKvb †_‡K wKQyUv n‡jI Rv‡b i“byi RvgvB| Kv‡RB Zvi mvg‡b Zcb‡K wb‡q K_v ej‡Z mKj mg‡qB A¯^w¯— nq mvgv‡`i| †Zv i“byB hvq mvgv`‡`i wm‡×k¦ixi evwo‡Z cÖvq cÖvqB| Zcb‡K wb‡q ZLb i“byi m‡½ gb Ly‡j K_v ejv hvq A‡bK| Zc‡bi ¯§„wZi m‡½ Nwbôfv‡e RwoZ wm‡×k¦ixi gvbylRb‡K AvRKvj Avi mn‡R nv‡Zi Kv‡Q Lyu‡R cvq bv mvgv`| †hgb mv‡`K Avi evmy‡`e mËi `k‡Ki †k‡li w`K †_‡KB †`‡ki evB‡i| eQi `yB-wZ‡bK cici †`‡k †eov‡Z Av‡m Iiv| ZLb I‡`i m‡½ g„Z Zcb‡K wb‡q A‡bK Mí nq| gwZ‡bi evev †gvnv¤§`cy‡i wkqv gmwR‡`i Xv‡j evmv evwb‡q‡Q Avwki `k‡Ki cÖ_g w`‡K| gwZb †Zv gwZwS‡j Zvi e¨vs‡Ki KvR †kl K‡iB †mvRv †gvnv¤§`cy‡i wd‡i hvq| wm‡×k¦ix‡Z †m †Zgb GKUv Av‡mB bv Avi| gv‡S gv‡S †dv‡b GUv-†mUv K_v nq gwZ‡bi m‡½| Gw`‡K Zc‡bi gv gviv †M‡Q A‡bK Av‡MB Ñ Zcb gviv hvIqvi AvU eQ‡ii gv_vq| D”P i³Pvc †_‡K cqjv †÷ªvK nq Zc‡bi gv‡qi Ges c‡i c¶vNv‡Z Avµvš— n‡q weQvbvq c‡o hvIqvi ci bó n‡q hvq Zvi `y‡Uv wKWwbB| Kv‡RB Zc‡bi gv‡qi cv‡k e‡m e‡m Zcb‡K wb‡q Mí KivUvI eÜ n‡q †M‡Q mvgv‡`i| Zvn‡j Zc‡bi Nwbô gvbylR‡bi †fZ‡i _vKj evwK i“by Avi mvgv‡`i †QvU †evb gvmy`v, hv‡`i mn‡RB Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq nv‡Zi Kv‡Q| i“by _v‡K w`jy †iv‡W Avi gvmy`v B¯‹vU‡b| ZvB 1971 mv‡j Zcb g‡i hvIqvi ci †_‡K †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv †iveev‡i i“by‡K †dvb K‡i mvgv` : ÔIB wgqv! eyBov nqv †MwQ eBjv cvËv w`‡ZQ bv Ñ ZvB bv?Õ ÔAvgv‡iv †Zv lvBU e”Qi cvi nB‡Q! †mB R‡b¨B †Zv AvMjv gv‡m Avc‡b GKev‡ii R‡b¨I †dvb †`b bvB! AvwgI †dvb Kvwi bvB ivM KBiv!Õ †dv‡b K_v ej‡Z ej‡Z ZLb i“by nq‡Zv nvm‡Q! ÔPBjv Av‡mv AvBRKv| iweevi eBjv †gŠPvK gv‡K©U †Zv AvBR eÜ| AvBRKv Avgvi Avi †`vKvb Lyj‡Z jvMe bv|Õ Lye Ri“wi KvR bv-_vK‡j i“by ZLb wm‡×k¦ix‡Z Av‡m| nq‡Zv i“by †Kv‡bv †iveev‡i mvgv‡`i evmvq †_‡K hvq mvivw`b| nq‡Zv †Kv‡bv †iveev‡i †m Av‡m †Kej NÈvLv‡b‡Ki Rb¨| wKš‘ i“by Av‡m; mvgv` WvK‡j mPivPi †m bv-K‡i bv, †Kbbv †m Rv‡b, Zc‡bi K_v Lye †ewk g‡b bv-n‡j mvgv` Zv‡K LyuR‡e bv| wKsev †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †iveevi mKv‡j mvgv`‡K †dv‡b wRÁvmv K‡i ¯^qs i“by : Ôevmvq Av‡Qb †bwK mvgv` fvB? †bwK kvwoDwo †eP‡Z hvB‡Z‡Qb? Avmyg Avwg?Õ mvgv` ZLb e‡j : ÔAv‡i wgqv AvBmv c‡ov bv! AvBRKv †Zv iweevi| Avg‡Mv †gŠPvK gv‡K©U eÜ|Õ c„w_exi hZ KvR me eÜ K‡i w`‡q i“byi Rb¨ ZLb A‡c¶v Ki‡e mvgv`| i“by evmvq XyK‡ZB mvgv` cÖwZw`b nš—`š— n‡q K_v ïi“ Ki‡e Gfv‡e : ÔAv‡i i“by! Zywg AvBmv coQ? †Zvgvi j‡M Lye `iKvwi K_v Av‡Q!Õ Ges cÖwZeviB i“by DËi Ki‡e : ÔRvwb mvgv` fvB| e‡jb|Õ Zvici emvi N‡ii †mvdvq wM‡q em‡e i“by| †Zgb †Kv‡bv GK †iveev‡i, aiv hvK 1978 mv‡j, mvgv` i“by‡K e‡j : Ôciïw`b Kx nB‡Q Rv‡bv? cyivb wRwbmcˇii wfZ‡i Avgv‡Mv †QvUKv‡ji gv‡e©j¸jv LyuBRv cvBjvg| niwjK‡mi eqv‡gi wfZ‡i gv‡e©j¸jv K‡e †h ivLwQjvg Zv g‡bB AvwQj bv!Õ i“by ZLb ˆK‡kv‡ii ¯§„wZ‡Z Avµvš— nq| †m e‡j, ÔIB †h

Avc‡biv iv¯—vi Dc‡i †hB gv‡e©j¸jv w`qv †Lj‡Zb Ñ †mB¸jv? Avwg Avi gvmy`v wgj­v Avc‡bi gv‡e©j Pzwi KiwQ eûZ! Avi Avc‡b Lvwj †PBZv hvB‡Zb|Õ ÔwVKB KBQ| †PZzg bv K¨vb? GKLvb gv‡e©‡ji A‡bK `vg AvwQj Ñ Zv Rv‡bv? evmv w_Kv cqmv Pzwi KBiv bv-nB‡j evRv‡ii cqmv gvBiv kvwš—bM‡ii GKUv `yKvb w_Kv gv‡e©j wKb‡Z nBZ Avgv‡Mv!Õ mvgv‡`i †m-K_v ï‡b nvm‡Z _v‡K i“by Avi gvmy`v| ZLb i“by e‡j : ÔAvwg bv GKevi Zc‡bi Mvp bxj i‡Oi GKUv gv‡e©j Pzwi KiwQjvg! Zcb †mBUv †Ui cvBwQj `yB-wZb w`b c‡i| †m wK ivM Zvi! Zvi ivM †`BLv gv‡e©jLvb wdiZ w`wQjvg Avi wK! gv‡e©j wbqv †Kb †h Avc‡biv GZ dvjvdvwj Ki‡Zb! Avc‡b‡Mv †Q‡jgvbwl †`BLv Avwg Avi gvmy`v KZB bv nvmwQ!Õ ÔniwjK‡mi eqv‡gi wfZ‡i ZcBb¨vi †mB bxj gv‡e©jWvI LyuBRv cvBwQ Rv‡bv! IBWv †ni Lye cQ‡›`i gv‡e©j AvwQj| †`Lev Zzwg?Õ ÔKB? eqvgUv Av‡bb bv! †`wL|Õ mvgv` niwjK‡mi eqvgUv Av‡b| GKUv c­vw÷‡Ki evwU‡Z gv‡e©j¸jv Xv‡j| Zvici bxj gv‡e©jUv i“byi nv‡Z Zz‡j w`‡q e‡j : ÔGBWv Zzwg wbev i“by?Õ bxj gv‡e©jUv evg nv‡Zi cvÄvq ewm‡q †i‡L gv‡e©‡ji Ic‡i Wvb nv‡Zi AvOyj¸‡jv eyjv‡Z eyjv‡Z †mB †iveevi i“by DËi K‡i : ÔAv‡i bv! gv‡e©jLvb Avc‡bi Kv‡QB _vK| Avwg AvBmv AvBmv †`BLv hve| †nBWvB fv‡jv|Õ ÔAv”Qv wVK Av‡Q| wKš‘ Zzwg †mB dzj`vwbWv wVKVvK g‡Zv ivL‡Qv †Zv? IB †h ZcBb¨v †hBWv †Zvgv‡i wbDgv‡K©U w_Kv wKbv w`wQj? †ikwg PzwoI wKbwQjv Zzwg †mBw`bKv|Õ Ôn! wmivwg‡Ki †QvÆ GKLvb mv`v dzj`vwb| dzj`vwbi Mv‡q dzjcvZvi Qwe| IBWv‡Z †Zv Avwg GL‡bv dzj ivwL|Õ ÔKvwgbxdzj ivL Ñ ZvB bv?Õ ÔKvwgbx Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv dzj ivwL bv IB dzj`vwbWvq| Avc‡bi g‡b Av‡Q mvgv` fvB, Avc‡bi eÜy Zc‡bi mePvB‡Z wcÖq dzj AvwQj Kvwgbx?Õ Ôg‡b _vKe bv K¨vb? ivRvievM cywjk jvB‡bi cv‡ki GKLvb bvm©vwi w_Kv Zzwg Avi ZcBb¨v QqLvb bv KqLvb Rvwb Kvwgbxdz‡ji MvQ wKbwQjv †mB AvUlwÆ m‡b| AvjeZ g‡b Av‡Q Avgvi|Õ †mB †iveev‡i ZLb i“by ej‡Z _v‡K : Ô†mBmyg Avwg wm‡×k¦ix Mvj©m ¯‹z‡j K¬vm †Ub †kl KiZvwQ| Avi Zcb bUi †Wg K‡j‡R B›UviwgwW‡qU dv÷© Bqv‡i c‡o| †Zv Avwg c¨v‡Ui e¨_v eBjv ¯‹zj w_Kv cvjvqv wMqv Zc‡bi m‡½ Kvwgbxdz‡ji MvQ wKb‡Z †MwQjvg| cuvPLvb MvQ wKbwQjvg Avgiv| Kx †h fq cvBwQjvg †mBw`bKv mvgv` fvB! †mB cÖ_g ¯‹zj w_Kv cvjvBwQ! †KD hyw` †`BLv dvjvBZ, Zv nB‡j Kx KiZvg Avwg?Õ ÔAvi ZcBb¨v KBwQj †h Zzwg gyiwMi jvnvb fxZz| ZvB bv?Õ nvm‡Z nvm‡Z i“by‡K wRÁvmv K‡i mvgv`| i“by DËi †`q : ÔGgb dvwRj AvwQj Avc‡bi eÜy! Kq Kx Ñ GZ WivI Zzwg? gyiwMi †Lv‡ci wfZ‡i Xy‡Kv wMqv!Õ Ôn! Zcb fvB‡qi mvnm Avgv‡Mv Lye †`Lv Av‡Q!Õ mvgv‡`i †evb gvmy`v ZLb mvgv` Avi i“byi Av‡jvPbvi †fZ‡i †Xv‡K| gvmy`v e‡j : ÔGKevi nB‡Q Kx, Zcb fvB‡qi N‡ii Rvbvjvq †Pvi AvBmv LvovB‡Q| Zcb fvB‡Zv Ô†Pvi! †Pvi!Õ eBjv Ggb GKLvb wP°zi w`‡jv †h Avgvi NygB fvB½v †MjMv| mv‡_ mv‡_B

Avwg Rvbjv w`qv ZvKvBwQ| †`wL †h †Pvi e¨vUv GK‡`Š‡o AvBmv †`qvj cvi nBqv Avgv‡Mv evmvi wfZ‡i jvd w`Zv‡Q| ZL‡bv Zcb fvB †PuPvB‡Z‡Q Ô†Pvi! †Pvi!Õ eBjv| wPš—v Ki!Õ ¯^ífvlx gvmy`vi Zcb welqK ¯§„wZi eY©bv †kl n‡j i“by, mvgv` Avi mvgv‡`i eD jybv nvm‡Z nvm‡Z †f‡O c‡o †mvdvq| ZLb mvgv‡`i g‡b c‡o, GK`v Zcb Zv‡`i evmvi evMv‡b ivRvievM †_‡K wK‡b Avbv Kvwgbxdz‡ji MvQ¸‡jv jvwM‡qwQj Lye hZœ K‡i| `yt‡Li K_v n‡jv, Zcb‡`i wU‡bi Pv‡ji evmvUv wKQyw`b Av‡M †f‡O †d‡j hLb A¨vcvU©‡g›U †Zvjv nq ZLb KvUv c‡o‡Q †mB KvwgbxMvQ¸‡jv| wm‡×k¦ix Rv‡g gmwR‡`i cwðg-gnj­vq, aiv hvK 1978 mv‡ji †Kv‡bv GK †iveev‡i, mvgv‡`i evmvq Zcb‡K wb‡q GgbB wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv nq| †mB †iveev‡i mvgv`‡`i emvi N‡ii †mvdvq e‡m cy‡e ZvKv‡j kÖve‡Yi Kv‡jv †g‡Ni †Kv‡j mv`v i‡Oi GKUv bZzb cuvPZjv evmv †Pv‡L c‡o i“byi| IUv 111 b¤^i wm‡×k¦ix mvKz©jvi †ivW, †hLv‡b 1951 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m Rb¥ n‡qwQj Zc‡bi| wKQyw`b Av‡M ch©š—I †mLv‡b wQj cuvP Bw †`qvj Avi wU‡bi Pv‡ji GKUv †QvU evmv, Zvi mvg‡b g¯—eo gvV, evmvUvi Gw`K-Iw`K A‡bK MvQcvjv Ñ Avg, wnRj, cvKzi, †gnMwb, ¯^Y©Puvcv, Kvwgbx Ñ Gme| †mB †iveev‡i gvmy`vi m‡½ mvgv`‡`i †`vZjvi evwi›`vq G‡m `uvovq i“by| gvmy`v‡K †m e‡j : ÔKx evbvB‡Q GBWv Iiv †`L? cuvPZvjv GKLvb ev·! Kx my›`iB bv AvwQj Zcb‡Mv wU‡bi Pv‡ji cyivbv evmvWv! g‡b Av‡Q bv Zi?Õ Ôn! IBWv Zi k¦ïievwo nB‡Z cviZ!Õ ÔKB‡Q Z‡i! gyw³hy× w_Kv wdiv AvBmv Zcb hw` Avgv‡i weqv bv-KiZ? Zv nB‡j?Õ ÔKx †h Km bv ZzB i“by! Zi wc‡Q Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z Zcb fvB RyZv¶q KBiv dvjvBwQj! †eev‡KB Rv‡b †nBWv!Õ ÔZv Ki‡Q| wKš‘ †m Avevi UM‡ii j‡M nvBmv nvBmv K_vI KB‡Q|Õ ÔUM‡ii K_v †Zv fyBjvB †MwQjvgMv! Av‡i ayi! Zcb fvB wR‡›`wM‡ZI UMi‡i cvËv †`q bvB| gnj­vi iv¯—vq gvBb‡li j‡M †`Lv nB‡j wK nvBmv K_v KIb hvBe bv †bwK? GBWv Kx Km ZzB?Õ Ô†Kb, ZzB fyjQm †h Avgv‡Mv wm‡×k¦ix Mvj©m ¯‹z‡ji K¬vm GB‡Ui gvBqviv wKBmv dvwRj AvwQj? UMi‡i Zviv †¶cvBZ Zc‡bi bvg eBjv!Õ ÔZv‡Z Kx nB‡Q? Zcb fvB †Zv Z‡iB fv‡jvevm‡Q| gvbm ZzB? †KWv Kx KBj bv-KBj Zv w`qv Kx hvBe-AvBe?Õ ZLb nqZ †mB †iveev‡i MMbwkix‡li g‡Zv j¤^v K‡i †g‡qUvi `y‡PvL Kvbœvi `g‡K Ujgj K‡i DV‡e| gvmy`v †mUv †`‡LI †`L‡e bv| gvmy`v Lv‡gvLv Gw`K-Iw`K ZvKv‡Z _vK‡e Ges Zvi `„wó wbe× n‡e Zcb‡`i bZyb evmvUvi †`vZjvi evwi›`vq †Pqv‡i e‡m Le‡ii KvMR cvViZ GKRb e„‡×i w`‡K| ZLb nq‡Zv mvgv` emvi Ni †_‡K evwi›`vq G‡m i“by‡K kvš— Ki‡Z m‡Pó n‡e : ÔP‡jv i“by! wm‡bgv †`BLv Avwm wMqv| †RvbvwK n‡j iv¾vK-eweZvi wm‡bgv jvMvB‡Q| bvgWv g‡b bvB! hvBev Zzwg?Õ Ôbvn! evmvq hvBMv| Avgvi bv `g AvUKvBqv AvmZv‡Q Avev‡iv!Õ GB e‡j †mB †iveev‡i nš—`š— n‡q mvgv`‡`i evmv †_‡K †ei n‡q hv‡e i“by| mvgv` Avi gvmy`v Rvb‡e †h wm‡×k¦ix †ivW †_‡K wiKkv wb‡q i“by †hLv‡bB iIbv w`K bv †Kb Ñ Kvjxevwo †iv‡W Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i evmvq A_ev Zvi w`jy †iv‡Wi

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Av¯—vbvq Ñ †m ayÜzgvi e„wói †fZ‡i co‡eB! wKš‘ i“by‡K wKQy‡ZB AvU‡K ivLv hv‡e bv ZLb| Zc‡bi K_v DV‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv Dj‡UvcvjUv AvPiY Ki‡e i“by Ñ GUv †g‡b wb‡q‡Q eÜziv mevB| G †Zv †Mj †Kv‡bv GKUv †iveev‡ii Mí, †hw`b †gŠPvK gv‡K©‡U mvßvwnK QywU Ñ mvgv‡`i †`vKv‡b hvIqv †bB Ges w`jy †ivW †_‡K i“by †eov‡Z G‡m‡Q wm‡×k¦ix‡Z mvgv`‡`i evmvq| Zv ev‡` 1971 mv‡j gyw³‡hv×v Zc‡bi g„Zz¨i ci cÖwZw`bB K‡qKevi K‡i Zc‡bi K_v g‡b c‡o mvgv‡`i| †hgb GB gyn~‡Z©, 2013 mv‡ji 11 GwcÖ‡j, i“byi evmv †_‡K wd‡i G‡m eviv›`vi AÜKv‡i †Pqv‡i e‡m wmMv‡iU Lv‡”Q mvgv`| †m fve‡Q 1960 mv‡ji GKUv w`‡bi K_v, hLb Zviv m‡e wm‡×k¦ix e‡qR ¯‹z‡j K¬vm w_ª‡Z fwZ© n‡q‡Q| mvgv‡`i KvR ZLb gnj­vi Mv‡Q Mv‡Q P‡o †eov‡bv| GKw`b mvgv` KwP Wve cvo‡Z Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i bvi‡KjMv‡Q D‡V‡Q| wbPz AvgMvQ Qvov †Kv‡bv Mv‡QB DV‡Z cv‡i bv Zcb| †Zv Zcb nvdc¨v‡›Ui c‡K‡U nvZ XywK‡q `uvwo‡q Av‡Q bvi‡KjMv‡Qi wb‡P Ñ Mv‡Qi †Mvov †_‡K GKUz `~‡i| ZLb mvgv‡`i KwP nvZ dm‡K wb‡P c‡o hv‡”Q GKUv Wve| ZvB †`‡L wPrKvi K‡i ej‡Q mvgv` Ñ ÔZcBb¨v! mBiv hv! Wve coZv‡Q wKš‘!Õ Zcb `~‡i ZvwK‡q AvKvk †`LwQj Ñ kÖve‡Yi AvKv‡k Kx my›`i Mvp Kv‡jv †gN K‡i‡Q! mvgv‡`i mveavbevYx‡Z †m Mv‡Qi wbP †_‡K Rjw` K‡i m‡i hvq e‡U Z‡e Zvi Wvb cvUv c‡o wM‡q †mvRv †`qv‡ji m‡½i AMfxi GKUv †Wª‡bi †fZ‡i| Avi ZLb mvgv`‡K MvwjMvjvR Ki‡Q gqjv cvwb‡Z gvLvgvwL Zcb : Ô`uvov! ZzB Av‡M bvBgv j! Z‡i AvBRKv †`LvBZvwQ!Õ †mB `„k¨Uv g‡b c‡o GL‡bv nvwm cvq mvgv‡`i| KZB bv fxZz wQj Zcb, KZB bv fveyK, KZB bv A‡MvQv‡jv!

Ggb Av‡iv GKUv cyi‡bv Mí Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ZLb mvgv`iv K¬vm bvB‡b c‡o| †Kv‡bv GKw`b wm‡×k¦ix e‡qR ¯‹z‡ji gv‡V mvgv`‡`i m‡½ cÖxwZ dzUej g¨vP Pj‡Q kvwš—bM‡ii n¨vwc‡`i| †Ljv‡Z 3-2 †Mv‡j mvgv`iv wR‡Z hvq| wKš‘ kvwš—bM‡ii †Q‡jiv `vwe K‡i e‡m †h, wm‡×k¦ixi †`Iqv †kl †Mv‡ji wm×vš—Uv †idvwi wVK †`qwb, †Kbbv ÷ªvBKvi Avm‡j AdmvB‡WB wQj| KvKivB‡ji bRi“j †idvwi †Kv‡bv wm×vš— †`Iqvi Av‡MB wm‡×k¦ixi gwZb kvwš—bM‡ii ivRy‡K GKUv Nywm †g‡i e‡m| Agwb ïi“ n‡q hvq `y`‡ji g‡a¨ nvZvnvwZ| wm‡×k¦ixi wgWwdìvi mvgv` kvwš—bM‡ii BKevj‡K Nywm w`‡q gvwU‡Z †d‡j †`q Ges Zvici mvgv` †`L‡Z cvq, Zv‡`i wW‡dÛvi Zcb gvV †Q‡o `ª“Z gnj­vi †fZ‡i P‡j hv‡”Q| gvivgvwii c‡i hLb kvwš—bM‡ii †cvjvcvBb P‡j †M‡Q ZLb †PvLgyL †dvjv mvgv` Zcb‡K gnj­vi Mwj‡Z †c‡q Awf‡hvM Rvbvq : ÔGB! ZzB cvjvBwj K¨vb?Õ ZLb Zcb mvgv`‡K hyw³ †`q : Ôn! fv‡jvB KBQ! n¨vwc‡Mv gvBi LvBqv nvZ-cv fvw½ Avi Kx!Õ Zc‡bi †mB Kvcyi“lZvq fq¼i †i‡M wM‡qwQj gnj­vi eÜziv| ÔZzB kvjv Avm‡jB GKUv MvÏvi!Õ GgbB Dcmsnvi †U‡bwQj †ZvZjv Kvgvj| Kzwo eQ‡ii Rxe‡b Zcb mvn‡mi KvR K‡iwQj gvÎ `y‡Uv Ñ GK, †klch©š— †m i“by‡K †cÖg wb‡e`b Ki‡Z †c‡iwQj Ges `yB, 1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi Z…Zxq mßv‡n †m gyw³hy‡× †hvM †`Iqvi Rb¨ fvi‡Z P‡j wM‡qwQj| cÖ_g MíUv i“byi Kv‡Q †kvbv †h‡Z cv‡i †h‡nZz mvgv`‡K Zcb †Zgb wKQyB e‡jwb †Kv‡bvw`b| Z‡e wØZxq MíUv mvgv‡`i wb‡RiB Rvbv| †Kv‡bv GK †iveev‡i, aiv hvK 1983 mv‡j, mvgv`‡`i njy` †`vZjv evmvi Qv‡` e‡m hLb weKv‡ji Pv Lv‡”Q i“by, mvgv` Avi jybv,

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ZLb cÖ_g MíUv Zv‡`i Av‡jvPbvq P‡j Av‡m| †mB †iveev‡i Pv †L‡q GKUv wmMv‡iU aivq mvgv`| i“by Avi jybv †eBwj †iv‡Wi kvwoi †`vKvb¸‡jv‡Z Zv‡`i åg‡Yi M‡í ZLb e¨¯—| †mw`‡K mvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv g‡bv‡hvM bvB| Zvi g‡b c‡o, Zv‡`i evmvi GB Qv‡`B GK`v Kvjxevwo †iv‡Wi i“by‡K Zcb fv‡jvevmv Rvwb‡qwQj| Zcb ZLb bUi †Wg K‡j‡R B›UviwgwW‡qU dv÷© Bqv‡i Ges i“by wm‡×k¦ix Mvj©m ¯‹z‡j c‡o K¬vm †U‡b| †Kvb duv‡K †h e‡qR ¯‹z‡ji gv‡Vi AvÇv †d‡j D‡V †M‡Q Zcb Ñ Zv mvgv`iv †LqvjB K‡iwb! c‡i gvmy`vi KvQ †_‡K Rvbv hvq, PzwcPzwc Zcb P‡j wM‡qwQj mvgv`‡`i evmvi Qv‡`| †mw`b mܨvi AÜKv‡i Qv‡` nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z Mí KiwQj gvmy`v Avi i“by| Qv‡` D‡VB gvmy`v‡K e‡jwQj Zcb Ñ ÔGB! ZzB wb‡P hv †Zv GKUz| i“byi j‡M Ri“wi K_v Av‡Q Avgvi|Õ ÔKx K_v? e¨v‡½i gv_v?Õ Ñ ej‡Z ej‡Z nvm‡Z nvm‡Z wb‡P P‡j †M‡qwQj gvmy`v| gvmy`vi nvwmi KviYUvI ¯úó Ñ i“byi cÖwZ Zc‡bi gy»Zvi K_v mevi PvB‡Z †Zv †mB-B fv‡jv RvbZ! wKš‘ gvmy`v Qv` †_‡K †b‡g wb‡P P‡j hvIqvi c‡ii NUbvUv mvgv` Avi fv‡jvg‡Zv Rv‡b bv| Zvi †evb gvmy`v‡KI †m-K_v Avi wRÁvmv Kiv nqwb †Kv‡bvw`b| ÔZzB Kx KBQm i“by‡i K †`wn!Õ †mw`b iv‡ZB Zcb‡K Aek¨ G-K_vUv wRÁvmv K‡iwQj mvgv`| ÔKx Avi ejyg? KBjvg †h Avwg Zv‡i fv‡jvevwm|Õ ms‡¶‡c DËi w`‡qwQj Zcb| ÔAvi Kx KiQm ZzB? PzgvPvwÆ LvBwQwj †bwK?Õ ÔZi wK gv_v Lvivc, bv c¨vU Lvivc? m¨v‡Û‡ji evwo LvB‡Z Km Avgv‡i? i“byi ivM Rvbm bv ZzB?Õ Ôbv, ZvI KB‡ZwQjvg Avi Kx! †Zv i“by Kx KBj?Õ Ôwek¦vm Ki, nu¨v wK bv wKQyB Kq bvB †m|Õ M¤¢xi n‡q DËi w`‡qwQj Zcb| Zc‡bi Awbw`©ó K_v ï‡b †gRvR Lvivc n‡q wM‡qwQj mvgv‡`i| Zcb‡K †m mvnm w`‡q‡Q A‡bKevi Ñ ÔAv‡i e¨vUv! Kqv †`L bv! i“by †Zv ivwR nB‡jI nB‡Z cv‡i!Õ GZ Aby‡cÖiYvi ci Zcb i“by‡K †cÖ‡gi cÖ¯—ve w`‡Z cvij †kl ch©š— wKš‘ Zvi g‡bi K_v i“by‡K †evSv‡Z cvij bv! dvBRjvwg Ki‡Q bv †Zv Zcb? Zcb ZLb DËi K‡iwQj : ÔAv‡i e¨vUv dvjvBqv ivL †Zv GBme! ivwR nB‡j nBe, bv nB‡j bv nBe| i“by-dyby Avgvi R‡b¨ †Kv‡bv d¨v±i bv|Õ Zvici †_‡KB wm‡×k¦ixi Kvjxevwo †iv‡W Zc‡bi hvZvqvZ †e‡o wM‡qwQj| IB gnj­vi 43 b¤^i evmvUv i“by‡`i| Zc‡bi †mB bZzb D‡ËRbvi mvw_ n‡qwQj mvgv` Lye Lywk n‡qB| wKš‘ †mw`b mܨvq mvgv`‡`i Qv‡` Zc‡bi cÖ¯—ve ï‡b Kx DËi w`‡qwQj ev Kx-Kx e‡jwQj i“by Zv Avi KL‡bvB Zv‡K ¯úó K‡i e‡jwb Zcb| ZvB †Kv‡bv GK †iveev‡i hLb i“by Avi jybv Mí Ki‡Q Uv½vBj kvwo KzwU‡ii Zuv‡Zi kvwoi †mŠ›`h© wb‡q, ZLb †mB Av‡jvPbvUv‡K _vwg‡q w`‡q mvgv` e‡j : ÔGB i“by! †Zvgv‡i GKUv K_v wRMvB?Õ ÔAv‡i fvB wRMvb bv! kvwo wbqv Avgv‡Mv Mí †Zv AvBR Avi _vge bv|Õ ÔIB †h Avgv‡Mv evwoi Qv‡` EbmËyi mv‡j ZcBb¨v †h †Zvgv‡i †cÖv‡cvR KiwQj, Zzwg Avm‡j Kx ejwQjv I‡i? IB nvivgRv`vq wKš‘ †Kv‡bvw`B Avgv‡i fvB½v wKQyB Kq bvB!Õ mvgv‡`i cÖkœ ï‡b †n‡mB †d‡j i“by, Zvici e‡j : ÔAvi

eB‡jb bv! gvmy`v‡i Qv` w_Kv fvMvqv w`qv Avc‡bi eÜz cÖvq wgwbU cuv‡PK gv_v wbPz KBiv Avgvi mvg‡b Lvovqv _vKj| Avwg Zv‡i KB Ñ Kx K_v Av‡Q Rjw` eBjv dvjvb| wKš‘ Zc‡bi gyL w`qv †Kv‡bv K_vB evBi nB‡Z‡Q bv ZLb| Avwg †Zv Av‡MB eySwQ †h Pv›`y Kx KB‡Z cv‡i! wKš‘ †m mvnmUv cvB‡Z‡Q bv| ZvB †kl ch©š— Avwg Zcb‡i Svwi jvMvBjvg Ñ Pzc KBiv _vK‡j wKš‘ Avwg GLbB wb‡P bvBgv hvB‡ZwQ KBjvg! ZLb Avc‡bi eÜy Wi Lvqv KBj †h, †m Avgv‡i fv‡jvev‡m| wKš‘ mwZ¨B Avwg nu¨v-bv †Kv‡bv DËiB Kwi bvB| †Zv Zcb Avi Avc‡b‡i cwi®‹vi KBiv Kx KBe? Avwg Zv‡i ej‡ZB cvwi bvB †h, Avwg K¬vm †m‡fb w_KvB Zvi †cÖ‡g cowQjvg! Avgvi Lvwj g‡b nBj †h, Avwg Zv‡i Avgvi GKUv ¯^cœ Dcnvi w`e| ZvB †mBw`bKv Zv‡i ejwQjvg †h Avgv‡i GKLvb bxj cvo Avi bxj AuvP‡ji `ya-mv`v i‡½i kvwo wKBbv w`‡Z| e¨vm! Zcb‡i Avi wKQyB ewj bvB Avwg|Õ ZLb AevK nq mvgv` : Ô†`LQ KvÊWv? Avgv‡i kvwo wKbvi K_v ZcBb¨v wKQyB Kq bvB! wKBmv MvÏvi AvwQj IB nvjvi cyZ!Õ ÔAvc‡bi eÜy kvwo wKbvi K_v †Kb Avc‡b‡i Kq bvB †mBWv †Zv GLb Avi Zv‡i wRMvB‡Z cvi‡ZwQ bv| Avwg fvewQjvg †h Avc‡b Rv‡bb|Õ GB e‡j †di nv‡m i“by Ges †m mvgv`‡K Z_¨ †`q Ñ Ômv`v i‡½i kvwoUv I wKBb¨v w`wQj wVK GKw`b c‡iB| gvmy`vi g‡b _vK‡jI _vK‡Z cv‡i|Õ Ôn! Lye g‡b Av‡Q| wbDgv‡K©U w_Kv kvwoWv wKbwQj Zcb fvB| ZyB IB mv`v kvwoWv cÖvq cÖvqB ciwZ|Õ GgbUvB Rvbvq gvmy`v| ÔKx Zv¾e K_v! ZcBb¨v nvjvq kvwo wKbvi K_v †Kg‡b QycvB‡Q Avgvi Kv‡Q! A_P †`L, Avwg Avi ZcBb¨v Znb mvivw`bB GKj‡M NyiZvwQ, my‡hvM cvB‡jB kvwš—bMi †gv‡o wMqv ZcBb¨vi Nvo fvB½v Kvw”Pwewiqvwb LvBZvwQ! KLb †h I wPcv w`qv wbDgv‡K©U †M‡QMv Ñ †nBWv Avwg aieviB cvwi bvB!Õ GB e‡j, aiv hvK 1983 mv‡ji †mB †iveev‡i, Pyc K‡i hvq mvgv`| Zc‡bi †mB jy‡KvPzwi‡Z mvgv` `ytwLZ nq LvwbKUv Ges Av‡iKUv wmMv‡iU awi‡q ZvwK‡q _v‡K AÜKv‡ii w`‡K| mvgv`‡`i Qv‡` ZLb bxieZv bv‡g †mB mܨvq| wZbRb gvbyl Ñ mvgv`, gvmy`v Avi i“by Ñ ZLb nq‡Zv Pzc K‡i fve‡Z _v‡K wm‡×k¦ix gnj­vi knx` Zc‡bi Rxe‡bi K_v| nq‡Zv i“byi g‡b nq, Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷k‡b †Mwijv Acv‡ikb Ki‡Z wM‡q Kzwo eQi eq‡m cvwK¯—vwb †mbv‡`i ¸wj‡Z gviv bv-†M‡j GLv‡b, nq‡Zv wVK Zvi cv‡ki †PqviUvq, e‡m Pv †L‡Z †L‡Z A‡bK Mí KiZ Zcb| wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †iwR÷ªvi wewìs‡qi gv‡V e‡m e‡m i“byi m‡½ AvÇv †`Iqvi w`b¸‡jv‡K nq‡Zv †m ¯§iY KiZ| nq‡Zv bxj‡¶Z †_‡K cjvkx †gv‡o hvIqvi iv¯—vUvi Rvi“j Avi K…òP~ov‡`i Mí ejZ †m| GgbwK jywK‡q jywK‡q GKw`b i“byi m‡½ ejvKv wm‡bgv n‡j wm‡bgv †`Lvi ¯§…wZi K_vI Zzj‡Z cviZ Zcb| nq‡Zv †m ej‡Z cviZ AvMiZjvi †gjvN‡i †Mwijv †Uªwbs‡qi mg‡q gvlKjvB Avi fvZ †L‡q w`b KvUv‡bvi Mí¸‡jv| wKsev †mB cyi‡bv ¯^cœUvi K_v Avev‡iv nq‡Zv e¨³ Ki‡Z cviZ Zcb : ÔXvKv kn‡ii †gqi nB‡j Avwg †gŠPvK gv‡K©U w_Kv cvKgUi ch©š— iv¯—vi `yBcvk w`qv GKMv`v MMbwkixl jvMvBZvg!Õ ZLb nq‡Zv gvmy`v Av‡Mi g‡ZvB †LuvPv‡Zv Zcb‡K : Ô`ywbqvi GZ dz‡ji MvQ ivBLv Avc‡b wgqv X¨v½v GKLvb MvQ wm‡j± Ki‡jb K¨vb? MMbwkixl w`qv †Zv jvKwo Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv KvRB nBe bv!Õ i“byi g‡b nq, gvmy`vi †LuvPv †L‡q ZLb wbN©vZ †i‡M †hZ

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`yB †Kv‡bv GK †iveevi weKv‡j, aiv hvK 1999 mv‡j, mvgv`‡`i emvi N‡ii †mvdvq e‡m mvgv` 27 gvP© 1971-Gi cyi‡bv MíUv Avev‡iv ej‡Z ïi“ K‡i i“by, gvmy`v Avi jybv‡K| MíUv bZzb wKQy bq| Zey AvÇvi †fZ‡i mvgv` evievi wd‡i hvq DËvj gv‡P©i w`b¸‡jv‡Z| †mw`b †iwWI‡Z Ri“wi Gjv‡bi gva¨‡g mKvj 8Uv †_‡K ev‡iv NÈvi Rb¨ XvKv kn‡i KviwdD Zz‡j †bIqv nq| Zvi Av‡M 25 gvP© ga¨iv‡Z 32-cvÄve †iwR‡g‡›Ui ˆmb¨‡`i A‡bK U¨vsK cvKgU‡ii w`K †_‡K AvDUvi mvKz©jvi †ivW a‡i ivRviev‡Mi w`‡K GwM‡q †M‡Q| ivZ 1Uvi w`‡K cvwK¯—vwb †mbviv AvµgY K‡i‡Q ivRvievM cywjk jvBÝ| ivRviev‡Mi w`K †_‡K cvIqv †M‡Q †Rvi †Mvjv¸wji AvIqvR| Ô†Zvgvi g‡b Av‡Q i“by, ZLb `w¶Y w`‡Ki AvKvk `vD`vD Av¸‡b jvj Avi iv‡Zi AÜKvi †Q` K‡i Gw`K-Iw`K QyU‡Q ¸wj Avi ¸wj!Õ mvgv‡`i K_vq gv_v bv‡o i“by| i“by e‡j : ÔAvgiv †Zv W‡i jvBU wbfvqv w`qv Lv‡Ui wb‡P jyKvqv AvwQjvg mvivivZ! gkv Dovqv wbqv hvB‡ZwQj!Õ mvgv` ¯§iY K‡i, RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb ¯’wMZ n‡q hvIqvi ci ¸ReUv GgbB wQj †h, ivRvievM cywjk jvBÝ, wcjLvbv Avi XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi nj¸‡jv‡Z 25 gvP© iv‡Z nvgjv Ki‡e cvwK¯—vwb †mbviv| †mUvB nq| ZvB †m-iv‡Z ivRvievM QvovI wm‡×k¦ixi DËi-cwðg w`K †_‡K hLb cÖPÊ

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†Mvjv¸wji AvIqvR Avm‡Z _v‡K ZLb †evSv hvq †h, †m w`b¸‡jv‡Z XvKv kn‡i ¸Re e‡j Avm‡jB wKQy wQj bv| `geÜ kn‡i GKmgq 26 gv‡P©i mKvj nq| wm‡×k¦ix Rv‡g gmwR‡`i cwðg-gnj­vi gvbylR‡bi †Pv‡L-gy‡L Sz‡j _v‡K Zxeª AvZ¼ Ñ gnj­vi †fZ‡i Avevi Avwg©iv Xy‡K co‡e bv †Zv? hw` N‡i N‡i Zviv gvbyl‡K Lyb K‡i, Zz‡j wb‡q hvq †g‡q‡`i! Z‡e? gvbylRb ZLb eyS‡Z cv‡i bv, kni †Q‡o wb‡R‡`i MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z cvwj‡q hv‡e wKbv| bvwK cvwK¯—vwb nvbv`vi‡`i wbabhÁ †_‡g hv‡e Rjw` Rjw`? Zcb, gwZb, mv‡`K Avi mvgv` gnj­vi duvKv Awj‡Z-Mwj‡Z †mB mKv‡j Lye mveav‡b nuvUvnuvwU Ki‡Z _v‡K, hw` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q kn‡ii †Kv‡bv Lei-Uei cvIqv hvq| AvDUvi mvKz©jvi †iv‡W mveav‡b DuwK w`‡j †`Lv hvq, †mLv‡b †_‡K †_‡KB Unj w`‡q †eov‡”Q cvwK¯—vwb †mbv‡`i RjcvB i‡Oi wRc| Zv‡`i‡K BZ¯—Z nuvU‡Z †`‡L evwo¸‡jvi Rvbvjvq `uvwo‡q _vKv DrKwÉZ eq¯‹iv e‡j : GB Ziv Rjw` evmvq †XvK| KLb AvRivBj AvBmv coe? †nBWv wK †KD KB‡Z cv‡i? wbðq †Zvgvi g‡b co‡e i“by , ZLbB evmy‡`‡ei eo`v Lei Av‡b, 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© iv‡Z cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨iv bvwK R¡vwj‡q-cywo‡q w`‡q‡Q XvKv kn‡ii ZuvwZevRvi Avi kuvLvwievRvi GjvKv; nZ¨v K‡i‡Q †mLv‡bi wbiciva gvbylRb‡K| ZvÕev‡` eveycyiv cywjk duvwo, Bswjk †ivW, bIqvecyi, bqvevRvi, †MÊvwiqv, m`iNvU Ñ Gme RvqMv‡ZI bvwK Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q c‡o Av‡Q AmsL¨ gvby‡li jvk| XvKv †gwWK¨vj Ges wgU‡dvW© nvmcvZv‡j bvwK wPwKrmvi Rb¨ wMRwMR Ki‡Q GB kn‡ii AvnZ gvbyl‡`i `j| cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨‡`i Gme b„ksm nZ¨vh‡Ái Lei cvIqvi ci Av‡iv AvZw¼Z, Av‡iv wew¶ß n‡q hvq wm‡×k¦ix Rv‡g gmwR‡`i cwðg gnj­vi gvbylRb| Gw`‡K AvDUvi mvKz©jvi †ivW QvovI wm‡×k¦ix †iv‡Wi w`KUvq Ñ †h iv¯—vUv wfKvi“bwbmv b~b ¯‹zj †_‡K †gŠPvK gv‡K©U ch©š— P‡j †M‡Q Ñ DuwK w`‡j †`Lv hvq, †mLv‡bI Unj w`‡”Q cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨iv| Kv‡RB 26 gvP© wm‡×kix †ivW cvi n‡q KviwdD‡qi †fZi w`‡q Kvjxevwo †iv‡Wi i“by‡K Avi †`L‡Z †h‡Z mvnm cvq bv Zcb| 27 gvP© mKvj 8Uv‡Z mvgwqKfv‡e KviwdD D‡V †M‡j gnj­vi gvby‡liv m`vB Ki‡Z †`Šovq kvwš—bMi evRv‡i| Gfv‡e hw` mvg‡bi w`b¸‡jv‡Z evwo‡Z Aei“× n‡q _vK‡Z nq Z‡e kvKmewR ev gvQgvsm bv-†nvK PvDj †Zv jvM‡e, WvDj jvM‡e, AvUv jvM‡e, Avi jvM‡e gkjvcvwZ; †Kiwmb †Zj A_ev jvKwoI †Zv `iKvi| wKš‘ Zcb Zvi gv‡K Ôdvjvqv ivL GBme!Õ e‡j cqjv‡ZB †`L‡Z hvq i“by‡K| bv! †m-K_v i“by †fv‡jwb| i“by Avi Zcb `yR‡bB ZLb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q c‡o Ñ i“by †Kej dv÷© Bqv‡i fwZ© n‡q‡Q Avi †m‡KÛ Bqv‡i Zcb| wKš‘ ZeyI mvgv‡`i gy‡L 27 gvP© 1971-Gi MíUv Avev‡iv ïb‡Z fv‡jv jv‡M i“byi| †mB †iveev‡i, aiv hvK 1999 mv‡j, mvgv` ej‡Z _v‡K, Ôi“byi A‡c¶vq iv¯—vq wM‡q `uvov‡bvi PvB‡Z Kvjxgw›`‡ii †fZ‡ii PZ¡‡i e‡m _vKvUvB wbivc` e‡j g‡b nq Zc‡bi Kv‡Q| Kvjxevwo †ivW w`‡q †h‡nZz wm‡×k¦ix †_‡K ms‡¶‡c kvwš—bMi †gv‡o hvIqv hvq, Kv‡RB †mB c‡_I cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨‡`i UnjMvwo P‡j Avmvi m¤¢vebv †_‡K hvq| KviwdD D‡V †M‡Q ZeyI Kvjxevwoi †iv‡W †Kv‡bv gvbylRb †Pv‡L c‡o bv Zc‡bi| GKZjv Avi †`vZjv evwo¸‡jvi `iRv †fZi †_‡K AvUKv‡bv, †Kv_vI †Kv_vI †Kej Rvbvjv Ly‡j ivLv GKUz K‡i| Kvjxgw›`‡ii cy‡ivwnZ Avi †mevBZiv Kuvc‡Q ewji cuvVvi

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g‡Zv| gvwbKM‡Äi cy‡ivwnZ Zcb‡K †c‡q Zvi D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡i : ÔAvgiv Anb KB hvgy `v`v?Õ †mB cÖ‡kœi †Kv‡bv h_v‡hvM¨ DËi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv mš¿¯— Zcb| gw›`‡ii PZ¡i †_‡K Zcb ZLb ZvwK‡q _v‡K 43 wm‡×k¦ix †j‡bi †`vZjv evwoUv w`‡K| †m †`L‡Z cvq, i“byi N‡ii †h RvbvjvUv iv¯—vi m‡½ †mUv †fZ‡ii w`‡K Ly‡j ivLv Av‡Q Bw Q‡qK| eive‡ii g‡Zv †mB Rvbjvq Szj‡Q jvj i‡Oi †gvUv c`©v| Zxeª Aw¯’iZvq wgwbU cuv‡PK AwZµvš— nIqvi ci Zcb †`L‡Z cvq, i“byi RvbvjvUvi GKUv cvU cyivUvB Ly‡j †M‡Q, m‡i †M‡Q jvj c`©vi GKUv Ask Ges †mLv‡b N‡ii AÜKv‡ii cÖ”Q‡` †R‡M Av‡Q i“byi K¬vš—, AvZw¼Z `y‡PvL| Zv‡K †`‡L nvwmnvwm gy‡L `~i †_‡K GKevi nvZ bv‡o Zcb| i“by nvZ †b‡oB Zvi DËi †`q| wKš‘ i“byi gy‡L †Kv‡bv nvwm bvB| ZLb gvÎ ev‡iv MR g‡Zv e¨eavb Zv‡`i `yR‡bi †fZ‡i| Zv‡`i gvSLv‡b gw›`‡ii †`qvj Avi AcÖk¯— Kvjxevwo †ivW| †mB `~iZ¡UzKz cvi n‡q i“byi nvZUv GKUz a‡i Aw¯’iZv Kgv‡bvi my‡hvM cvq bv Zcb| `~i †_‡KB †hb i“by †`L‡Z cvq, Zc‡bi †Pv‡L wgj‡bi AvKzwZ Avi Zvi Rb¨ eivfq| Zv †`‡L †kl ch©š— i“byI GKUz nvm‡Z cv‡i| i“byi gwjb nvwm †hb Zcb‡K e‡j †`q? ÔAvwg fv‡jv AvwQ| Zywg mveav‡b _vB‡Kv!Õ Gfv‡e Zviv 27 gvP© mKv‡j `~i †_‡K ci¯ú‡ii †Pv‡Li K_v c‡owQj wgwbU `‡kK g‡Zv| GLv‡b mvgv` MíUv _vgvq| Pzc K‡i _v‡K i“by| Avi †m fv‡e, AvZ‡¼i †m-kn‡i Zc‡bi m‡½ †mw`b GKUz †`Lv nIqvi ¯§„wZ GKUzKzI ¤­vb nqwb GZw`‡b! i“by‡K †`‡L G‡m mvB‡Kj wb‡q †ei n‡q mvgv`‡K a‡i Zcb; e‡j : ÔPj BDwbfvwm©wU hvB| n‡ji †cvjvcvBb‡`i Lei †bIqv `iKvi| gBivB †M‡Q wKbv Zv †K KBe!Õ Kv‡RB Avey Ri wMdvwi K‡j‡Ri wWwMÖ K¬v‡mi QvÎ mvgv` Zvi eÜyi AbyMvgx nq| Aek¨ XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi nj¸‡jv‡Z ZLb Lye GKUv †ewk QvÎQvÎx wQjI bv| cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©iv nj A¨vUvK Ki‡e Ñ GB f‡qB A‡bK Av‡M †Q‡j‡g‡qiv wd‡i †M‡Q wb‡R‡`i kn‡i ev MÖv‡g A_ev AvkÖq wb‡q‡Q XvKv kn‡ii Ab¨ †Kv‡bv AvcvZ wbivc` RvqMvq| Z‡e 25 gvP© iv‡Z nj¸‡jv‡Z †h KRb wQj, Zv‡`i †ewki fv‡MiB †eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv Kg e‡j Zcb‡`i g‡b nq| cÖ_‡gB Zviv BKevj n‡j hvq Zc‡bi mncvVx †fvjvi iwk`‡K LyuR‡Z| BKevj n‡ji †`qvj SuvRiv n‡q †M‡Q nvRvi nvRvi ¸wji AvNv‡Z Ñ nq‡Zvev †gwkbMv‡biB ¸wj n‡e! †`qv‡ji RvqMvq RvqMvq wekvj MZ©¸‡jv‡Z Zv‡`i †PvL AvU‡K hvq mePvB‡Z †ewk| cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨iv U¨vs‡Ki †Mvjv `vwM‡q‡Q †mLv‡b! n‡ji †`vZjvq DV‡j †`Lv hvq, A‡bK¸‡jv i“g cywo‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| iwk‡`i i“gUvI Av¸b †_‡K i¶v cvqwb| mvivUv n‡j Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q c‡o Av‡Q Rvbjvi fvOv KvP, eB-cËi, evwjk, †ZvkK BZ¨vw`| n‡ji i“g¸‡jv‡Z jvk, †`qvj¸‡jvi Kv‡Q jvk, n‡ji cyKzicv‡i c‡o Av‡Q †MvUv `‡kK cy‡o hvIqv jvk, Qv‡`I jvk| jvk¸‡jvi †fZ‡i iwk`‡K Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq bv| M¤¢xi n‡q hvIqv Zcb ZLb mvgv`‡K e‡j †h, Zvi wnmveg‡Zv 25 gvP© iv‡Z Kgc‡¶ k‡`‡oK QvÎ BKevj n‡j wQj| Zv‡`i †KD Avi †eu‡P Av‡Q e‡j Zvi g‡b nq bv| Zvici Av‡iK mncvVx Wvqbv‡K LyuR‡Z †iv‡Kqv n‡j XyK‡Z mvnmB cvq bv Zcb| †gBb †MU †_‡K GKUz †fZ‡i XyK‡jB `~i †_‡K †`Lv hvq BKevj n‡ji g‡ZvB †iv‡Kqv n‡ji †`qv‡j AmsL¨ ¸wji `vM Avi wewfbœ i“‡g Av¸‡bi wPý| Zviv Av‡iv †`L‡Z cvq, wZbRb †g‡qi ¶Zwe¶Z jvk c‡o Av‡Q mvg‡bi

gvVUvq| wKš‘ †iv‡Kqv n‡ji KRb Wvqbv‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q 25 gvP© iv‡Z Zv †evSv hvq bv| Wvqbviv †eu‡P Av‡QB ev KRb? hviv †eu‡P Av‡Q Zviv †Kv_vq ZLb? K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U? mvgv` Avi Zcb ZvI eyS‡Z cv‡i bv| RMbœv_ n‡ji †`qv‡jI †R‡M Av‡Q BKevj nj Avi †iv‡Kqv n‡ji g‡ZvB nvRvi nvRvi ¸wji `vM| mvg‡bi w`‡Ki i“g¸‡jvi Rvbvjvi fvOv KvP wb‡P Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q c‡o Av‡Q| RMbœv_ n‡ji †fZ‡i Avi †Xv‡K bv Zviv †h‡nZz n‡ji †M‡U `uvwo‡q _vKv GKRb `v‡ivqv‡bi wejvc †_‡K Zviv Av‡MB ey‡S‡Q †h n‡ji †fZ‡i †Kv‡bv jvk Avi c‡o †bB; mevB‡K †Mvo †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †Kv‡bv GKUv MYKe‡i, nq‡Zvev Agj‡KI| †cQ‡b ZvKv‡j †`Lv hvq, Kvgvb `vwM‡q ¸uwo‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q gv‡Vi †fZ‡ii knx` wgbviUv| knx` wgbv‡ii wVK †cQ‡b g¯— eo GKUv MYKei| RMbœv_ n‡ji GKRb Kg©Pvix Rvbvq, †mLv‡b cyu‡Z ivLv n‡q‡Q n‡ji QvÎ, gvwj, `v‡ivqvb, eveywP©, myBcvi, Zv‡`i cwiev‡ii wK‡kvi-m`m¨, wiKkvIqvjv Avi †VjvMvwoIqvjv‡`i jvk| ZL‡bv MYKe‡ii ZvRv gvwU dzu‡o †R‡M Av‡Q g„Z‡`i nv‡Zi cvÄv, cv‡qi AvOyj Avi i‡³ gvLv RvgvKvc‡oi Ask| Avi MYKeiUv wN‡i wejvc K‡i P‡j‡Q RMbœv_ n‡ji g„Z Kg©Pvix‡`i cwiev‡ii gvbylRb| ÔZLb Avc‡bi eÜz Lye M¤¢xi nBqv †MwQj, ZvB bv? GBWv c‡i Avc‡b Avgv‡i ejwQ‡jb|Õ aiv hvK 1999 mv‡ji †mB †iveev‡i mvgv`‡`i Qv‡` †gvovq e‡m GK_v e‡j i“by| Ôn! I †Zv ivBMv †M‡j Lv‡gvk nBqv hvBZ| GKUz K_vKvUvKvwU nB‡Q †Zv mvZw`b †Kv‡bv K_v Kq bvB Ñ g‡b Av‡Q bv †Zvgvi? RMbœv_ n‡ji MYKei †`Lvi c‡i bv ZcBb¨v cyivB Pzc nqv †MwQjMv! Zvici †Zv †di mvB‡Kj jqv Avgiv cyivb XvKvq †MwQ|Õ GB e‡j _v‡g mvgv`| DrmyK i“by Zv‡K e‡j : ÔAvc‡b _vB‡gb bv mvgv` fvB|Õ i“byi wb‡f hvIqv †Pv‡L ZvwK‡q mvgv` wRÁvmv K‡i : ÔGB GK K_v Avi KZevi ïbev Zzwg? Zcb IBw`b KB-KB †MwQj, Kx-Kx KiwQj Ñ †mB¸jv †Zv Avwg †Zvgv‡i eûZeviB ejwQ!Õ ÔZvI e‡jb| Avwg †Zv cÖ‡Z¨KeviB bZzb KBiv Zcb‡i LyuBRv cvB Avc‡bi M‡íi wfZi w`qv|Õ ZvB mvgv` †mB †iveev‡i, aiv hvK 1999 mv‡j, Avev‡iv Mí ïi“ K‡i : ÔZcb c‡i Avgv‡i ejwQj †h GZ gy`©v †`BLv †m Avi mvB‡Kj PvjvB‡Z †Rvi cvB‡ZwQj bv Mv‡q| ZvB AvwgB mvB‡Kj PvjvBjvg| mvB‡K‡ji mvg‡bi i‡W I eqv _vKj Pzc KBiv| RMbœv_ nj w_Kv cjvkx nBqv bxj‡¶Z eveycyiv cywjk duvwoi w`‡K hvI‡bi mgq iv¯—vi gvbylR‡b KBj, cywjk duvwo R¡vjvBqv w`‡Q, gvBiv †dj‡Q wWDwU‡Z _vKv †eevK cywjk‡Mv| cywjk duvwoi mvg‡b AvBmv ZcBb¨v KBj : ÔmvB‡Kj _vgv|Õ ZLb eveycyiv cywjk duvwoi evwi›`vq Avi iv¯—vi Dc‡i cBov Av‡Q BDwbdg© civ cuvP-QqRb cywj‡ki jvk| Avi †ijjvB‡bi cv‡ki eveycyiv ew¯— cyBov GK`g QvB nB‡Q| ew¯—i †jvKRb‡Mv jvk cBov Av‡Q †ijjvB‡bi Dc‡i| evBb‡PvZ cvK Avwg©‡Mv †mB MRe hw` Zzwg †`LZv i“by Zv nB‡j Zzwg wPrKvi w`qv Kvb‡Z _vKZv!Õ ÔZvici †Zv ZuvwZevRvi †MwQ‡jb Avc‡biv Ñ ZvB bv?Õ i“by wRÁvmv K‡i mvgv`‡K| Gw`‡K i“byi Pv VvÛv n‡q hvq| wKš‘ †mB †iveev‡i mvgv` Avi i“by‡K Zvov †`q bv Ñ ÔIB wgqv! Pv LvI!Õ A‡bK cyi‡bv Mí n‡jI Zc‡bi K_v g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Q i“by, ïbyK| wmMv‡iU awi‡q ZvB †di mvgv` 27 gv‡P©i M‡í wd‡i hvq|

Ôcy‡o hvIqv eveycyiv ew¯—i w`‡K KwVb †Pv‡L A‡bK¶Y ZvwK‡q _v‡K Zcb; Zvici mvgv`‡K e‡j : ÔBwÄwbqvwis BDwbfvwm©wUi wfZi w`qv eKkxevRvi hvwe| Zvici bIqvecyi w`qv ZuvwZevRvi Avi kuvLvwievRvi| IBw`‡K A‡bK gvbyl Lyb Ki‡Q cvK Avwg©iv Ñ evmy‡`‡ei eo`v KBj bv!Õ Avwg ZvB-B Kijvg| hvI‡bi c‡_ coj Bswjk †ivW| `yBcv‡ki Kv‡Vi KviLvbv¸jv bv cyBov G‡°ev‡i Kqjv nB‡Q! bIqvecyi w`qv hvI‡bi mgq †`wL, GK cvewjK †Rv‡i c¨v‡Wj gvBiv mvB‡Kj wbqv AvBZv‡Q DjUvw`K w_Kv| †nq ZLb wPrKvi w`qv KBj : kuvLvwievRv‡i MRe nB‡Q Ñ MRe! KvBj iv‡Z KvD‡i wR›`v iv‡L bvB KzËvi ev”Pv cvK‡mbviv!Õ ZcBb¨v‡i jBqv gykwK‡j cojvg †mB kuvLvwievRvi wMqv| IBnv‡b iv¯—vq cBov Av‡Q jv‡ki Mv`v| cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨iv GK evBo‡ZB GKk R‡bi Dc‡i gvbyl R‡ov KBiv Lyb Ki‡Q! †Zvgv‡i †Zv ejwQ †h ZcBb¨v Znb KBj : ÔAvi †Kv‡bv evBo‡Z XywKm bv mvgv`! Pj evmvq hvBMv|Õ Avgvi B”Qv AvwQj †h Avi KqWv evBo‡Z XyKzg| †Zv ZcBb¨v hvBe bv R‡b¨ Avgvi Avi hvIqv nBj bv| ZcBb¨v‡i ZLb cvMj-cvMj jvMZv‡Q| iv‡M Avi `yt‡L ZcBb¨vi †PvL w`qv ZLb cvwb coZv‡Q UcUc KBiv| AvwgI Avi Kvbœv AvUKvB‡Z cvwi bvB| †Zvgvi g‡b Av‡Q i“by, Zvici †Zv Avgiv mvB‡Kj PvjvBqv wm‡×k¦ix wdiZ Avmjvg?Õ GUzKz e‡j mvgv` _v‡g| ZLb †mB †iveev‡ii coš— weKv‡j, aiv hvK 1999 mv‡j, mvgv`‡`i emvi N‡ii †mvdvq e‡m i“by Zvi wbR¯^ ¯§„wZ‡Z wd‡i hvq : ÔAvc‡biv hy‡× hvIqvi R‡b¨ eªvþYevwoqvi mxgvš— cvi w`qv AvMiZjv †M‡jb 1971 mv‡ji GwcÖ‡ji †k‡li w`‡K| XvKv w_Kv 28 ZvwiL hvÎv KiwQ‡jb Avc‡biv Ñ ZvB bv?Õ Ôn! wVK KBQ| eûZ wi¯‹ jqv XvKv w_Kv biwms`x nqv eªvþYevwoqv †MwQjvg| IBLvb w_Kv †PŠgynbx w`qv mxgvš— cvi w`wQjvg Avgiv| cvK‡mbv‡Mv †PvL GovBqv KL‡bv ev‡m PBov, KL‡bv nuvBUv, KL‡bv †bŠKv w`qv †MwQ| AvMiZjvi †gvnbcyi kiYv_x© K¨v‡¤ú Avgiv †cuŠQvBwQjvg †g gv‡mi cqjv Zvwi‡L|

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hy‡×i †Uªwbs †`I‡bi wjMv IBLvb w_Kv `yB b¤^i †m±‡ii †gjvN‡i wbqv †Mj Avgv‡`‡i|Õ i“by ZLb mvgv`‡K cÖkœ K‡i, ÔAvc‡bi g‡b Av‡Q mvgv` fvB, 25 gv‡P©i ci w_Kv 28 GwcÖj ch©š— Zc‡bi j‡M Avgvi gvÎ GKw`b †`Lv nBwQj? g‡b Av‡Q, Avc‡b wb‡R wMqv Avgv‡i wbqv AvmwQ‡jb Avc‡b‡Mv evmvq?Õ ÔLvjyRvb †Zv †Zvgv‡i QvoeB bv! Avwg LvjyRvb‡i †RviB Kijvg : i“by‡i hvB‡Z †`b LvjyRvb! `iKvi Av‡Q| `qv KBiv Avi wKQy wRMv‡qb bv Avgv‡i! GB eBjv Avwg KuvPzgvPz nBqv eqv _vKjvg †Zvgv‡Mv emvi N‡ii †mvdvq| Avgvi †eqv`we †`BLv †Zv LvjyRvb _!Õ GB e‡j †n‡m †d‡j mvgv`| Ô†k‡l Av¤§vB AveŸv‡i ivwR KivBj wfZ‡i wbqv wMqv| Avgvi †Pv‡Li w`‡K ZvKvqv Av¤§v eyBSv †MwQj †h Avwg Zc‡bi j‡M †`Lv Ki‡Z hvB‡ZwQ| †mBw`bB AveŸv cÖ_g Rvbj †h Zvi GKgvÎ gvBqv Kv‡iv j‡M †cÖg K‡i|Õ mvgv` e‡j, ÔKvjxevwo †ivW w`qv nuvBUv wm‡×k¦ix †ivW cvi nBqv Avgv‡Mv Mwj‡Z XyK‡Z jvMj wZb-Pvi wgwbU gZb| g‡b nBZvwQj †hb wZb-Pvi eQi aBiv nuvUZvwQ IUzK iv¯—v! Avi †Zvgvi g‡b Av‡Q i“by, Zzwg Lvjv¤§vi Kvjv †eviLv cBiv †Rv‡i †Rv‡i nuvUZvwQjv Avgvi j‡M? Zzwg †eviLv ciQ? ZvI Avwg W‡i KuvcvKuvwc KiZvwQjvg| cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©iv †`BLv dvjvB‡j †Zvgv‡i †Zv ZzBjvI wbqv hvB‡Z cviZ! Kx KiZvg Avwg Znb? gvBb‡l‡i Kx Reve w`Zvg Avwg?Õ ÔwKš‘ mvgv` fvB, Avgvi wKš‘ Wi jv‡M bvB! ZLb Avgvi eqm Dwbk| w`b`ywbqvi A‡bK wKQyB eySZvg bv Avwg| cuwP‡k gv‡P©i µ¨vKWvDb wKš‘ ivZvivwZ Avgvi eqm evovBqv w`qv †MjMv! fq cvBwQjvg A‡bK| Avevi KB w_Kv ZLb mvnmI AvBmv coj, KB‡Z cvwi bv! †mBw`bKv Avgvi Lvwj g‡b nB‡ZwQj, Avgv‡i GKevi bv-†`BLv hy‡× †M‡j ci Zc‡bi g‡bi wfZ‡i LPLP Ki‡Z _vKe| I‡i †Zv Avwg wPwb! GKw`b Avgv‡i bv-†`L‡j cvMj nqv hvBZ †Kgyb Ñ g‡b Av‡Q bv Avc‡bi? ZvB Avwg SzuwK wbwQjvg Zcb‡i †`L‡Z hvIqvi R‡b¨| wb‡Ri mvnm †`BLv Avwg wb‡RB AevK nB‡ZwQjvg ZLb! Avwg Gnb †hBWv eywS, Avm‡j cuwP‡k gv‡P©i GK iv‡ZB Avgv‡`i mK‡ji ev¯—eZv cvjUvqv †MwQj|Õ Ô†Zvgvi g‡b Av‡Q i“by, Avgvi †`vZjvi N‡i eBmv Lvwj wmMv‡iU dzKZvwQj ZcBb¨v? †nq †Kv‡bv K_v KB‡Z cviZvwQj bv? †Zv Avwg ZLb †Zvgv‡i KBwQjvg : i“by! Avwg wb‡P hvBZvwQ| Av¤§vi j‡M K_v Av‡Q|Õ Zvici i“by Zvi wb‡Ri Mí e‡j : ÔAvc‡b bvBgv †M‡j c‡i Zcb‡i Avgvi ey‡Ki wfZi aBiv ivBLv Zvi Pz‡j Av½yj eyjvB‡Z eyjvB‡Z Avwg ïay Zv‡i KB‡Z cviwQjvg Ñ hy× Ki‡Z wMqv †Zvgvi hw` Lye fq jv‡M, hw` Zywg fvB½v c‡ov, Zv nB‡j Avgvi gyL g‡b KB‡iv Zywg| Avi Zcb Avgv‡i KBwQj Ñ mveav‡b _vKev Zywg| fvwm©wU hvI‡bi Kvg bvB| KIb †Zv hvq bv †h Knb Kx nqv hvq! evmvi evB‡iI hvBI bv Zzwg| nvbv`vi cvK Avwg©iv Avi Zv‡Mv `vjv‡jiv †Zv Gnb Ni w_Kv gvBqv‡Mv ZzBjv jqv hvBZv‡Q! †Zgyb nB‡j ivqcy‡i †Zvg‡Mv MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z PBjv hvBI bv-nq|Õ GKUz †_‡g i“by mvgv`‡K Av‡iv e‡j : ÔwKš‘ Avgiv ZL‡bv eywS bvB †h Lvwj kni K¨vb `¨v‡ki †Kv‡bv MÖvgI Avm‡j Av¯— _vKe bv! wRwÄivB Zvi cÖgvY! hvB †nvK Avi †Kv‡bv K_v nq bvB Avgv‡Mv| Zcb‡i Avwg A‡bK Av`i KiwQjvg †mBw`bKv| Rv‡bb mvgv` fvB, Avc‡b‡i KB‡Z j¾v bvB GLb, Avgvi Avi Zc‡bi hw` GKUv ev”Pv nBZ, Avwg wKš‘ ev”PvWv ivBLv

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w`Zvg!Õ i“byi K_vi c‡i †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡Z ZLb A‡bKLvwb mgq †bq ¯—w¤¢Z mvgv`| gv_v wbPz K‡i A‡bK¶Y e‡m _vKvi ci mvgv` i“by‡K cÖ‡eva w`‡Z m‡Pó nq; e‡j : Ôev”Pv bv-_vBKv fv‡jv nB‡Q i“by! evcnviv ev”PvUv‡i gvbyl Ki‡Z Kó nBZ †Zvgvi|Õ Ôbv! fv‡jv nq bvB! fv‡jv nq bvB! GB †h †`‡Lb Avwg wb‡R‡i K¨vg‡b gvBiv dvjvBjvg? gyw³hy× Ki‡Z wMqv Zcb gBiv †Mj Avi Avwg Gnb Ab¨ gvBb‡li j‡M msmvi Kwi| GB M­vwb Avgvi cÖ‡Z¨K w`‡bi! Avc‡b GBWv eyS‡eb bv mvgv` fvB! Avwg †Zv eywS bvB †h Zc‡bi g„Zz¨ Avwg †Kv‡bvw`b fyj‡Z cvi“g bv!Õ GB e‡j A‡bK A‡bK w`b c‡i, aiv hvK 1999 mv‡ji †mB †iveev‡i, Kvbœvq †f‡O c‡o i“by| Zvi Kvbœvi AvIqvR †c‡q †Uwjwfkb †`Lv eÜ K‡i †kvqvi Ni †_‡K emvi N‡i †`Š‡o Av‡m jybv| jybv‡K Rwo‡q a‡i nvnvKvi Ki‡Z _v‡K i“by : Ôfvwe! Avc‡biv Avgvi Zcb‡i wdiZ wbqv Av‡mb, bv-nB‡j Avgv‡i gvBiv dvjvb!Õ i“by‡K kvš— Kivi Rb¨ jybv ZLb i“byi Pz‡j nvZ eywj‡q w`‡Z _v‡K ax‡i ax‡i| welYœ mvgv` †mB †iveev‡i Zv‡`i †`vZjvi eviv›`vq `uvwo‡q wmMv‡iU Uvb‡Z _v‡K| †m Avev‡iv fve‡Z e‡m, 1971 mv‡j Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷k‡b †Mwijv nvgjvi c­¨vbUv Av‡iv fv‡jvfv‡e Kiv `iKvi wQj! †m‡Þ¤^‡ii 28 ZvwiL ivZ 10Uvi w`‡K ivgcyivi †këvi †_‡K DËi kvnRvnvbcyi n‡q †cQbw`K w`‡q †ij‡÷k‡b Xy‡KwQj mvgv`, Zcb, gwZb, mv‡`K Avi evmy‡`e| Acv‡ik‡bi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wQj Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷k‡bi cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©‡`i †PŠwK‡Z A¨vUvK Kiv| cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©‡`i †PŠwKUv †ij‡÷k‡bi `w¶Y-cwðg †Kvbvq| †mLv‡b MvW© w`‡”Q PviRb nvbv`vi ˆmb¨ Avi `yRb ivRvKvi| cici wZbw`b †iwK Kivi ci Avµg‡Yi cwiKíbvUv wQj GiKg : cqjv‡Z cyew`K †_‡K PviUv n¨vÛ †MÖ‡bW PvR© Ki‡e gwZb Avi mv‡`K| wZwik †m‡KÛ ci cÖ_‡g mvgv` cyew`K †_‡K, Zvici evmy‡`e `w¶Yw`K †_‡K cici †÷BbMvb eªv k Ki‡e| DËi kvnRvnvbcy‡ii w`‡K wiwUªU Kivi mgq cyew`‡Ki †`qv‡ji KvQ †_‡K †÷bMvb w`‡q evwK‡`i Kvfvi †`‡e Zcb| cwiKíbvg‡Zv mvgv‡`i wb‡`©‡k cqjv‡Z Avwg©‡`i †PŠwK‡Z †MÖ‡bW PvR© K‡i gwZb Avi mv‡`K| AZwK©Z Avµg‡Yi m‡½ m‡½B gviv c‡o GKRb cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨| ˆmb¨iv Ges ivRvKviiv QÎf½ n‡q †QvUvQywU ïi“ Ki‡j mvgv` Zvi †÷bMv‡bi cyiv g¨vMvwRb eªvk K‡i| ZLb gviv c‡o Av‡iv GKRb cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨ Ges GKRb ivRvKvi| evwK `yRb cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨ Ges GKRb ivRvKvi wbPz †`qv‡ji IBcv‡i cwð‡gi iv¯—vi w`‡K †këvi wb‡q ¸wj Qyo‡Z ïi“ K‡i Zv‡`i †÷bMvb Avi w_ª-bU-w_ª ivB‡dj w`‡q| evmy‡`e `w¶Yw`K †_‡K †÷BbMvb eªvk K‡i GKevi| Zv‡Z K‡i cvK‡mbv Avi ivRvKviiv Zv‡`i †PŠwK‡Z †d‡j hvIqv jvBU †gwkbMvbUvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bvg‡ZB Avi †diZ †h‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvici wØZxqevi †÷bMvb eªvk K‡i mvgv`| wVK ZLbB Zviv †`L‡Z cvq, cwðgw`‡Ki AvDUvi mvKz©jvi †iv‡W KB †_‡K G‡m Dcw¯’Z n‡q‡Q cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨‡`i GKUv Unj wRc| wR‡c cuvPRb ˆmb¨| mvgv`iv †Zv Zv¾e! AwZwi³ ˆmb¨ †hvM nIqv‡Z cvK‡mbv Avi ivRvKvi‡`i `jUvi AvµgY ZLb ZxeªZi nq| Ae¯’v †eMwZK †`‡L mvgv` Avi evmy‡`e Av‡iv `yB g¨vMvwRb K‡i †÷bMvb eªvk K‡i| cwð‡gi †`qv‡ji †këv‡i _vKv cvK‡mbv Avi ivRvKviiv †KDB Zv‡Z g‡i bv|

ZLb mvgv`iv cy‡ei †`qv‡ji w`‡K wcQy n‡U hvq| cyew`‡Ki †`qv‡ji wb‡P Nv‡mi Ic‡i ï‡q †÷bMvb w`‡q Zv‡`i Kvfvi †`q Zcb| †m cici `yB g¨vMvwRb ¸wj †Qv‡o| ZZ¶‡Y †ij‡÷k‡bi †`qvj cvi n‡q wM‡q †`qv‡ji IBcvi †_‡K Pv‡qi †`vKv‡bi †e‡Âi Ic‡i `uvwo‡q †÷bMvb w`‡q Zcb‡K Kvfvi w`‡”Q mvgv` Avi evmy‡`e| Zcb hLb jvd w`‡q †`qvj Uc‡K IBcv‡k co‡e wVK †mB gyn~‡Z© Zvi wc‡V †m GKSuvK ¸wj Lvq| Zvj mvgjv‡Z bv-†c‡i †ij‡÷k‡bi †`qv‡ji †fZ‡ii Nv‡mi Ici c‡o hvq Zcb| wKš‘ Zcb‡K †`qv‡ji IBcv‡k Zz‡j wb‡q †h‡Z †M‡j †Mwijv‡`i cyiv `jUvB SzuwK‡Z co‡e AeavwiZ| GB we‡ePbvi cÖvq `k †m‡KÛ c‡i kvnRvnvbcy‡ii wewfbœ Mwj‡Z wiwUªU K‡i mvgv`iv| Kv‡RB A‡bKw`b c‡i, aiv hvK 2006 mv‡ji †Kv‡bv GK †iveev‡i, mvgv`‡`i Qv‡` e‡m weKv‡ji †iv` †cvnv‡Z †cvnv‡Z i“by‡K mvgv` Zvi Aby‡kvPbvi K_v e‡j : ÔZywg †Zv Rv‡bv †h IB Acv‡ik‡bi KgvÛvi AvwQjvg Avwg| Avgvi eySv DwPZ AvwQj †h c­¨v‡bi evB‡iI `yN©Ubv NBUv hvB‡Z cv‡i| Avwg †Zv WvBbw`K w_Kv my‡jgvb Avi †iRv‡i wbqv hvB‡Z cviZvg wiRvf© †dvm© wnmv‡e! †iwK wKš‘ KiwQjvg wVKVvK Ñ ivZ 10Uvi w`K †PŠwK‡Z cvnvivq _vKe PvBiRb cvK‡mbv Avi `yRb ivRvKvi| wKš‘ AvZKv †h GKUv UnjwRc AvBmv co‡Z cv‡i Ñ GBUv Avgvi gv_vq Av‡nB bvB Rv‡bv! IBLv‡b Dcw¯’Z _vBKvI Avwg †Zvgvi Zcb‡i euvPvB‡Z cvijvg bv i“by!

Avgvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b w`qv †nq ¸wj LvBj! AvnZ ZcBb¨v‡i Avwg †`qv‡ji GBcv‡i UvBb¨vI Avb‡Z cvwi bvB| Kvcyi“‡li g‡Zv cvjvqv †MwQ Avwg!Õ ZLb gv_v wbPz K‡i Qv‡`i †iwjs‡q KbyB‡qi fi †i‡L `uvwo‡q nvwR mv‡n‡ei evmvi DuPy MMbwkixlUvi w`‡K GK`„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q _v‡K mvgv`| gb¯—v‡ci Kvi‡Y †m Avi †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvi cv‡k `uvwo‡q evievi Zv‡K †evSv‡Z _v‡K i“by : ÔAvc‡bi †Kv‡bv fyj AvwQj bv mvgv` fvB! Avgiv †Zv A‡bKwKQyB c­¨vb Kwi| wKš‘ gv‡S gv‡S †Zv M¨vbRvg jvBMvB hvq| Avc‡b Avi wb‡R‡i `yB‡lb bv wc­R!Õ ÔZzwg Avgv‡i gvd KBiv w`I i“byÕ Ñ GB e‡j evg nv‡Zi AvOyj w`‡q gyL †X‡K û-û K‡i Kuv`‡Z _v‡K mvgv`| A‡bK ggZvq ZLb Zvi wc‡V ax‡i ax‡i nvZ eyjv‡Z _v‡K i“by| myw¯’i n‡q mvgv` GKUv wmMv‡iU aivq, Zvici e‡j : Ô†Zvgvi †Zv g‡b Av‡Q †h 1971 mv‡j †Mwijv †UªBwbs †kl KBiv †gjvNi w_Kv Avgiv XvKvq wdiv Avwm RyjvB gv‡mi †k‡li w`K| ZLb Avgv‡Mv `‡ji †këvi AvwQj evmv‡ev Avi ivgcyivq| AvM‡÷i cqjvw`‡K wLjMuvI evRv‡i w`‡bi †ejvq wZbRb Lvb‡mbv LZg Kwi Avwg, Zcb Avi gwZb| wcQb w_Kv †÷bMvb w`qv eªvk KiwQj ZcBb¨v| Avwg Avi gwZb wifjevi w`qv Zv‡i Kvfvi w`wQjvg| Lvb‡mbviv dvqvi I‡cb Kivi UvBgB cvq bvB Rv‡bv? Avgv‡Mv †KD wKš‘ aiv c‡i bvB †mBw`bKv! bv nB‡j a‡iv, †m‡Þ¤^‡ii gvSvgvwS Avgiv †h evmv‡evi K`gZjx cywjk duvwo †iBW KiwQjvg, ZL‡bv †Zv Avgiv gBiv hvB‡Z cviZvg! fve‡Z cv‡iv Zzwg, w`‡b`ycy‡i Avgiv c‡biRb †Mwijv jvBU †gwkbMvb, GmGjAvi, †÷bMvb Avi A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj wbqv cywjk duvwo A¨vUvK KiwQjvg? cywjk Avi ivRvKviiv †Zv Avgv‡Mv dvqvi cvIqv‡ii mvg‡b LvovB‡ZB cvij bv! I‡Mv †ZiRb giwQj| Avgiv hLb we‡ji wfZi w`qv wZbLvb †bŠKv wbqv wdiv hvBZvwQjvg †Miv‡gi w`K ZLb cvK‡mbv‡Mv gyM`v-K¨v¤ú w_Kv wgwjwkqv Avi ivRvKviiv

wgj­v Avgv‡Mv †bŠKv¸jv Uv‡M©U KBiv jvBU †gwkbMvb PvjvB‡Z ïi“ Kij| ¸wj jvBMv Avgv‡Mv GKUv †bŠKv WyBev †MwQjMv Znb| wKš‘ Avgv‡Mv †KD g‡i bvB, Rv‡bv?Õ Zvici aiv Mjvq mvgv` i“by‡K wRÁvmv K‡i : ÔAvi †`‡Lv, Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷kb A¨vUvK Ki‡Z wMqv Avwg c­¨vwbs‡q fyj KBiv emjvg Avi †Zvgvi Zcb ¸wj LvBqv gBiv †MjMv! Zywg †Kg‡b Avgv‡i gvd Kiev i“by?Õ †e`bvZ© i“by †mB cÖ‡kœi †Kv‡bv DËi †`q bv| i“by ZvwK‡q _v‡K cy‡e †hLv‡b GK`v eo GKUv gv‡Vi †k‡l wU‡bi Pv‡ji GKUv evwo wQj wkixl, Avg, wnRj Avi cvKz‡ii Qvqvq; †hLv‡b Zcb bv‡g GKRb wK‡kvi wnR‡ji Qvqvq e‡m gy» n‡q AvKv‡k †g‡Ni Kvi“KvR †`LZ Avi ejZ : Ôi“by! †`L, IB RvqMvUvi †gN¸jv‡i GKUv nvwZi gZb g‡b nB‡Z‡Q, bv?

Avi IB †h `w¶‡Y IB †gNUv †hb wVK †Zvgvi gy‡Li gZb †`L‡Z| Kx my›`i!Õ †mB Zcb Zvi“‡Y¨ G‡m Zv‡K fv‡jv‡e‡mwQj| gvÎ Kzwo eQi eq‡m gyw³hy× Ki‡Z wM‡q A‡bK ¯^cœ †d‡j †i‡L GB c„w_exi my›`i Rxeb †_‡K nvwi‡q †Mj †m-†Q‡jUv! 1971-Gi AvM‡÷i 23 Zvwi‡L Pv‡gwjev‡M gvÎ GK NÈvi Rb¨ †mB †Q‡jUvi m‡½ †Mvc‡b †`Lv K‡i i“by| G-gyn~‡Z© i“by mvgv`‡K †mB MíUv Avev‡iv ej‡Z _v‡K| RyjvB gv‡m Zcbiv †Mwijvhy× Kivi Rb¨ †gjvNi †_‡K XvKv kn‡ii wd‡i Avm‡jI AvM‡÷i 23 Zvwi‡Li Av‡M Zcb Avi i“byi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| ZLb ivRvKv‡iiv †Mwijv‡`i‡K aivi Rb¨ gnj­vq gnj­vq Zrci| †mRb¨ Zcb Zvi Pv‡gwjev‡Mi Lvjvi kiYvcbœ nq| Zc‡bi †gSLvjvB i“by‡K †dvb K‡i Zvi evmv‡Z Ri“wi Kv‡R †h‡Z e‡j| †gSLvjvi †dvb †c‡qB i“by eyS‡Z cv‡i †h Zcb †eu‡P Av‡Q Ges †m ZLb XvKv‡ZB| Zc‡bi m‡½ †`Lv nIqvi Avb›` Avi D‡ËRbvq ¯‹zjcoyqv †Qv‡Uv fvB‡K wb‡q Pv‡gwjev‡M †Qv‡U i“by| c‡_ c‡_ cvK nvbv`vi Avi ivRvKvi‡`i Unj| Z‡e †m fq‡K cvËv †`q bv i“by| Pv‡gwjevM †cuŠwQ‡q cÖ_‡gB i“byi †Pv‡L c‡o †h Zcb ïwK‡q

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†M‡Q A‡bK| nvm‡Z nvm‡Z Zcb e‡j : ÔKB _vwK bv-_vwK! LvIqv`vIqvi wVK bvB| Ny‡gi †Kv‡bv i“wUb bvB| kixi †Zv ïKv‡ZB cv‡i GKUz! †`k ¯^vaxb n‡j wVK n‡q hv‡e me| wKš‘ i“byI †Zv A‡bK ïwK‡q †M‡Q!Õ i“by ZLb Zcb‡K e‡j : ÔAvZ¼B hLb GKUv †`‡ki ev¯—eZv nq ZLb †mB AvZ¼ gvby‡li kix‡i cÖfve †dj‡eB!Õ i“by mvgv`‡K e‡j : Zc‡bi †gSLvjvi Pv‡gwjev‡Mi evmvq ivbœvN‡ii cv‡k ZLb †QvU GKUv Ni wQj| wbðq NiUvi K_v g‡b Av‡Q mvgv‡`i| IB N‡i ZLb covïbv KiZ †gSLvjvi ev”Pviv| †mLv‡b AcÖk¯— GKUv Lv‡U nvjKv bxj nvd kvU© Avi Mvp QvB i‡Oi c¨v›U civ Zcb i“byi nvZ a‡i e‡m _v‡K| i“by‡K wkjs-åg‡Yi Mí †kvbvq Zcb Ñ †Uªwbs‡k‡l K¨v¤ú †_‡K GKw`‡bi QywU wb‡q mvgv` Avi †m GKevi wkjs wM‡qwQj| †gjvNi †_‡K ev‡m †P‡c weKv‡j Zviv wkjs †cuŠQvq| cywjkevRv‡ii GKUv Kg`vwg †nv‡U‡j wM‡q ¯^v` K‡i A‡bKw`b ci Zviv mv`v fvZ Lvq i“Bgv‡Qi †Svj w`‡q| Zvici _vbv †iv‡Wi cv‡qj wm‡bgv n‡j bvBU †kv‡Z DËg-AcY©vi mvov RvMv‡bv Qwe RqRqš—x †`‡L †d‡j Zviv| ciw`b mKv‡j Zviv wkjs wc‡K D‡V †g‡NXvKv wkjs kniUv ZvwK‡q ZvwK‡q †`‡L wKQy¶Y| `ycy‡i evm a‡i Zviv iv‡Zi †ejvq wd‡i hvq †gjvN‡i| †mB cÖ_g Zv‡`i †UªwbsK¨v¤ú †_‡K QywU †bIqv| †mB cÖ_g Zv‡`i wkjs-ågY! Zc‡bi nvwm-nvwm gy‡Li w`‡K ZvwK‡q †_‡K gy» n‡q wkjs-åg‡Yi †mme Mí ïb‡Z _v‡K i“by| GKmgq Zcb i“by‡K wRÁvmv K‡i : Ôe‡jv †Zv Avwg wkjs †MwQjvg K¨vb?Õ g„`y nvwm‡Z DËi K‡i i“by : Ôwe‡qi ci Avwg †Zvgvi m‡½ wkjs hvB‡Z PvBwQjvg| fywj bvB Avwg!Õ Zvici Zviv `yR‡b wg‡j †d‡j Avmv kvwš—i w`b¸‡jv wb‡q Mí K‡i| Zc‡bi †mf Kiv gm„Y Mv‡j nvZ eyjv‡Z eyjv‡Z i“by ZLb fv‡e Ñ ZvI fv‡jv †h Zc‡bi m‡½ †`Lv n‡jv! Aei“× †mB XvKv kn‡i cvK‡mbv Avi ivRvKvi‡`i †`Šiv‡Z¥¨i †fZ‡i Zv‡`i †mUzKz †`LvI †Zv bv-n‡Z cviZ! wKš‘ i“by ZLb RvbZ bv †h, †mUvB Zv‡`i †kl †`Lv n‡e!

Zvici, aiv hvK 2006 mv‡ji †mB †iveev‡i, mܨvi AÜKv‡i mvgv`‡`i evmvi Qv‡` e‡m Pv‡qi Kv‡c GKUv PygyK †`q i“by Ges †m nvm‡Z nvm‡Z mvgv`‡K e‡j : Ô1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡mi K_v KB| Znb wKš‘ Avc‡b Zcb‡i QywU w`‡ZB Pvb bvB! g‡b Av‡Q Avc‡bi? bv-nB‡j Zcb †Uªwbs wbqv XvKvq Avmvi ci, †hg‡bB cvi“K, wm‡×k¦ix AvBmv Avgvi j‡M †`Lv KiZB KiZ! Avc‡bI †Zv I‡i fv‡jv KBivB wPb‡Zb!Õ i“byi K_v ï‡b mvgv` †n‡m I‡V| Zvi Kv‡Ri †cQ‡b †m Gfv‡e hyw³ `uvo Kiv‡Z Pvq : Ô†mBmygKvi XvKv kn‡ii Ae¯’vi K_v Zywg wK fyBjv †MQMv i“by? ZLb ivRvKv‡iiv wKjwej KiZv‡Q PvBiw`K| cvKevwnbxi nv‡Z Zviv aivqvI w`‡Q A‡bK †Mwijv‡i| g‡b bvB †Zvgvi? ZvB †Zvgvi j‡M jyKvqv jyKvqv †`Lv Ki‡Yi R‡b¨ Zcb‡i hvB‡Z Avwg cviwgkb †`B bvB| Avgv‡Mv wm‡×k¦ix gnj­vi dRBj¨v ivRvKv‡ii K_v g‡b Av‡Q bv †Zvgvi? †nq hyw` Kybyfv‡e Zcb‡i †`BLv dvjvBZ Zv nB‡j Zviv Zcb‡i †Zv aBiv wbqv hvBZB, †Zvgv‡Mv evBo‡Z †iW Ki‡Z WvBKv wbqv AvmZ cvK Avwg©‡`‡i! Zywg Kx Ki‡Z cviZv Znb? fveQ GKevi?Õ i“by ¯§iY K‡i †h †Mwijvhy‡×i Rb¨ XvKvq wd‡i Avmvi ci mvgv` Avi Zcb fy‡jI †Kv‡bvw`b wm‡×k¦ix‡Z Zv‡`i cwiev‡ii m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z Av‡mwb| Ges GI wVK †h, Zcb Zvi m‡½ jywK‡q †`Lv Ki‡Z G‡m ivRvKvi‡`i nv‡Z aiv c‡o

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†M‡j mevi Rb¨B mg~n wec‡`i m¤¢vebv wQj| mvgv‡`i †m-hyw³‡Z †Kv‡bv fyj bvB| wKš‘ i“byi g‡b nq †h, GZme mveavbZv Aej¤^‡bi c‡iI cvwK¯—vwb †mbv‡`i ¸wj‡Z wVKB g„Zz¨ n‡qwQj Zc‡bi| QwÎk eQi a‡i †mB cwiZv‡ci †Kv‡bv gxgvsmv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb i“by, Avi cvi‡eI bv! mvgv`‡`i Qv` †_‡K nvwR mv‡n‡ei evmvi MMbwkix‡li w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vK‡Z _vK‡Z i“byi ZLb g‡b nq, †mB wcÖq gyL GB c„w_exi †Kv_vI Avi †m †`L‡Z cv‡e bv †Kv‡bvw`b! Zv †f‡e i“by A‡Sv‡i Kvu`‡Z _v‡K Avi e‡j: Ômvgv` fvB! GBevi Avc‡b K_v eÜ K‡ib| Avwg Avi wb‡Z cviZvwQ bv! Avwg †Kg‡b mn¨ Ki‡Z cvie †h ¸wj LvBqv Zcb Nv‡mi Dc‡i wPZ nBqv cBov Av‡Q, I e¨v_vq KvZivBZv‡Q, bo‡Z cviZv‡Q bv!

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wZb 2013 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS nvwR mv‡n‡ei njy` †`vZjv evmvUv †f‡O †d‡j A¨vcvU©‡g›U weìvi| evmvUvi `w¶Ycv‡ki †`qv‡ji m‡½i cyi‡bv MMbwkixlUv hLb A¨vcvU©‡g›U weìvi mg~‡j †K‡U †d‡j ZLb Lye duvKv duvKv jvM‡Z _v‡K mvgv‡`i| Zvi g‡b c‡o hvq, AvR †_‡K weqvwj­k eQi Av‡M IB MMbwkix‡li w`‡K ZvwK‡q i“byi K_v fveZ Zvi wcÖq eÜy Zcb; Avi cÖvqB ejZ Ñ Ôhw` i“by‡i wbqv KweZv †jL‡Z cviZvg!Õ wKš‘ i“by‡K wb‡q Zc‡bi Avi KweZv †jLv nqwb| 1971 mv‡ji 28 †m‡Þ¤^i Kgjvcyi †ij‡÷k‡b A¨vKk‡bi mgq cvK‡mbv‡`i ¸wj‡Z knx` nq Zcb| Gw`‡K gyw³hy× †kl n‡j wm‡×k¦ix‡Z wd‡i Avmvi ci AveyRi wMdvwi K‡jR †_‡K wWwMÖ cix¶v w`‡q _vW© K¬vm cvq mvgv`| cov‡kvbvq n‡Zv`¨g n‡q †m †gŠPvK gv‡K©‡U Zvi evevi kvwoi †`vKv‡b wbqwgZ em‡Z ïi“ K‡i| cÖwZw`b mKv‡j Zv‡`i evmv †_‡K †ei n‡q †gŠPvK gv‡K©‡U hvIqvi Rb¨ iIbv K‡i mvgv`| †mB mg‡q nv‡Zi WvB‡b nvwR mv‡n‡ei evmvi w`‡K †m ZvKvq Ges †m †`L‡Z cvq, A‡bK Dc‡i gv_v Zy‡j `~i AvKv‡k Qwo‡q †M‡Q MMbwkixlUv| ZLb Zcb cÖvq cÖvqB Zvi m‡½ nuv‡U Avi Zv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i : ÔIB mvgvB`¨v! Lvov †Zv GKUz! Av”Qv †`v¯—, Zi wK g‡b nq bv †h i“by Avm‡jB MMbwkix‡li gZb my›`i †`L‡Z? †mB iKg j¤^v, †mB iKg cvZjvmvZjv! Kx Km ZzB? †mB iKg M¤¢xi?Õ mvgv` gv_v †b‡o mvq †`q Zc‡bi K_vq| Gfv‡e Zc‡bi m‡½ Mwj a‡i PycPvc nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z †m wm‡×k¦ix †iv‡W I‡V Ges Zvici ev‡g AMÖmi nq †gŠPvK gv‡K©U eivei| ZLb mvgv` Zvi gv_vq mvivw`‡bi Kv‡Ri ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki‡Z e¨¯— n‡q hvq Ges ZvB n‡Zv`¨g Zcb †gRvR Lvivc K‡i †Kv‡bv GKmg‡q gnj­vq wd‡i hvq| Gfv‡e †iv‡`, e„wó‡Z A_ev Kzqvkvq Zc‡bi ¯§…wZ wb‡q `uvwo‡q _v‡K wm‡×k¦ix Rv‡g gmwR‡`i cwðg-gnj­vi GKgvÎ MMbwkixl| †mB my›`i MMbwkixlUv w`‡b w`‡b Av‡iv cyi‡bv nq; Av‡iv evo‡Z _v‡K EaŸ©gy‡L AvKv‡ki w`‡K| wKš‘ nvwR mv‡n‡ei njy` †`vZjv evmvUvi RvqMvq A¨vcvU©‡g›U IVvi mgq KvUv c‡o MvQUv! Avi †mRb¨ GLb mKvj‡ejvq evmv †_‡K †ei nIqvi c‡iB mvgv‡`i Kv‡Q Zcb Lvwj N¨vbN¨vb Ki‡Z _v‡K : ÔMvQUv‡i Ziv Gg‡b gvBiv dvjvBwj? Anb Kx nBe Avgvi?

i“byi K_v Avwg fveyg Kx †`BLv?Õ wZbw`b Av‡M, 11 GwcÖj 2013-Gi mܨvq, i“byi w`jy †iv‡Wi evmvq e‡m Zc‡bi †mB Awf‡hvMUv i“by‡K Rvbv‡Z cv‡iwb mvgv`| i“byi RvgvB‡qi mvg‡b Zc‡bi ¯§„wZ wb‡q gb Ly‡j Avjvc KivUv DwPZ e‡j g‡b nqwb Zvi| †Zv †mw`b iv‡Z evmvq †divi ci mvgv‡`i eD jybv mvgv`‡K eyw× †`q : ÔZvB‡j mvg‡bi †iveev‡i i“by‡i AvB‡Z KI|Õ jybvi civgk©g‡Zv kwbevi iv‡Z ZvB i“by‡K †dvb K‡i mvgv`; †dvb K‡i e‡j, ÔKvBj †Zv †iveevi| Avwg †`vKvb Lyjyg bv| mKv‡j Avmev GKUz? Kvg AvwQj| A‡bKw`b †Zv AvmI bv Avgv‡Mv evmvq!Õ ÔAv”Qv Avmyg‡b| wKš‘ GZ Zvov K¨vb? kvwo Avb‡Qb bvwK Avgvi Avi fvwei wjMv?Õ nvm‡Z nvm‡Z cÖkœ K‡i i“by| Ô†Zvgv‡Mv wjMv kvwoDwo c‡i Avbb hvBe| Ab¨ GKLvb Kvg Av‡Q †Zvgvi j‡M| mvgbvmvgwb ejyg‡b| †dv‡b GZK_v KIb hvq †bwK?Õ ÔAvc‡b GZ M¤¢xi K¨vb AvBRKv? Zc‡bi K_v g‡b coZv‡Q, ZvB bv? eyaev‡i Avgvi evmvq AvBmv Avc‡b †Zv wVKg‡Zv K_vB KB‡Z cv‡ib bvB Ñ Rvwb|Õ Ô†nBWv wVKB KB‡Qv Zzwg|Õ GBUzKz e‡j †_‡g hvq mvgv`| Kv‡RB AvR 14 GwcÖj 2013 †ivR †iveevi mKv‡j mvgv`‡`i evmvq †eov‡Z Av‡m i“by| AvR †iveevi emvi N‡ii †mvdvq e‡m gv_v wbPz K‡i welYœ mvgv` i“by‡K e‡j : ÔZcBb¨v gBiv †M‡Q c‡i weqvwj­k eQi aBiv cÖ‡Z¨KUv w`b Avwg ZvKvqv ZvKvqv MvQUv‡i †`LwQ Avi ZcBb¨vi K_v fvewQ| nvwR mv‡n‡ei †cvjviv A¨vcvU©‡g›U Zzj‡Z wMqv MMbwkixlUv‡i gvBiv dvjvBj! MvQLvb KvU‡Z bv-KiwQjvg! †niv ï‡b bvB| Zv nB‡j Avgvi Kó jvMe bv Ñ KI?Õ nvwR mv‡n‡ei evmvi MMbwkixlUvi g„Zz¨ nIqv‡Z mvgv` Kó cv‡”Q †`‡L AvR †iveevi mKv‡j i“by Zv‡K Gfv‡e †evSv‡Z e‡m : ÔGB †h Avc‡bi eÜy gyw³hy‡× wMqv gBiv †Mj, †m Avm‡j KB Av‡Q Kb †Zv †`wL? †Mj weqvwj­k eQi aBiv Zcb Avgv‡Mv ¯§„wZi wfZ‡iB euvBPv Av‡Q envj Zweq‡Z| ZvB bv? Ggb GKUv w`‡bi K_v Kb, †hBw`b Zc‡bi K_v Avc‡bi g‡b c‡o bvB? Zvi R‡b¨ wK MMbwkix‡li w`‡K Avc‡bi ZvKvqv _vK‡Z jvMe †bwK?Õ mvgv` Avi †Kv‡bv K_v e‡j bv i“byi K_vi wc‡V| i“by wKQy¶Y mvgv‡`i e¨w_Z †Pv‡Li w`‡K ZvwK‡q †_‡K Rvbvq : ÔMMbwkix‡li MvQUv KvBUv †dj‡Q eBjv Avgv‡iv Lye Kó jvM‡Q mvgv` fvB! gyw³hy‡×i Av‡Mi w`b¸jv‡Z IB MvQUv †`L‡Z †`L‡ZB †Zv Zcb Avgvi K_v fveZ! Zcb gBiv †M‡Q c‡i AvwgI KZw`b Avc‡b‡Mv Qv‡` DBVv MMbwkixlUv‡i ZvKvqv ZvKvqv †`LwQ Avi Zc‡bi K_v fvewQ!Õ ÔjI ZvB‡j GKLvb KvR Kwi P‡jv Ñ Avgv‡Mv evmvi Dˇii †`qv‡ji j‡M Avgiv GKLvb MMbwkixl jvMvB| Gg‡bv †Zv nB‡Z cv‡i †h `~i w_Kv ZvKvqv ZvKvqv †mB MvQUv Zc‡b †`Le Avi †Zvgvi K_v fve‡Z _vKe! nB‡ZI †Zv cv‡i? Kx KI Zzwg?Õ mvgv‡`i †mB cÖ‡kœi †Kv‡bv DËi K‡i bv i“by| †m ax‡i ax‡i †mvdv †_‡K D‡V `uvovq, e¨v‡Mi †fZ‡i †gvevBj †dvbUv †XvKv‡Z †XvKv‡Z †m mvgv`‡K cÖ¯—ve †`q : ÔP‡jb ZvB‡j MMbwkix‡li Pviv wKbv wbqv Avwm wMqv| dwKivcyj cvwbi U¨vswKi Kv‡Q iv¯—vi cv‡k Avwg GKUv bvm©vwi †`LwQ †mBw`bKv|Õ mvgv` D‡V `uvovq m‡½ m‡½B| GK‡`Š‡o †m M¨v‡iR †_‡K Mvwo †ei K‡i| Zvici i“by‡K wb‡q †m dwKivcy‡ji w`‡K iIbv †`q|

14 GwcÖj 2013 †iveevi mvgv` Avi i“by dwKivcyj cvwbi U¨vs‡Ki Kv‡Q Mvwo †_‡K bv‡g| Mvwo †_‡K bvgvi ci Zviv Avwe®‹vi K‡i †h bvm©vwiUvq †KejB dzjMvQ, cvZvevnvi Avi AwK©W wewµ nq| †mLv‡b MMbwkixl ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e„‡¶i †Kv‡bv Pviv †bB| mvgv` i“by‡K e‡j : ÔGBWv fyqv bvm©vwi! jI avbgwÊ hvBMv|Õ mvgv‡`i avbgwÊ †h‡Z PvIqvi cÖ¯—v‡ei †cQ‡b Aek¨ GKUv KviYI Av‡Q| †g‡q‡K avbgwʇZ ¯‹z‡j bvgv‡Z G‡m mvgv` mvaviYZ wZb b¤^i †ivW w`‡q mv‡qÝ j¨v‡ei iv¯—vq hvq| avbgwÊ wZb b¤^i †iv‡W hvIqvi c‡_ Pvi b¤^i †iv‡Wi cvK©Uvi avi †Nu‡l M‡o D‡V‡Q GKUv eo bvm©vwi| AvR †iveevi †mLv‡b Mvwo _vgvq mvgv`| bvn&! GLv‡bI MMbwkix‡li Pviv †g‡j bv| ZvB bvm©vwiIqvjv‡K i“by wRÁvmv K‡i †h, MMbwkix‡li Pviv cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i †Kvb RvqMvq| bvm©vwiIqvjv Rvbvq, †k‡ievsjv bM‡i AvenvIqv Awdm cvIqvi Av‡MB nv‡Zi ev‡g GKUv bvm©vwi Av‡Q| †mB bvm©vwi‡Z wewfbœ e…‡¶i Pviv wewµ nq| Kv‡RB avbgwÊ †_‡K mvgv` Avevi Mvwo Uvb †`q †k‡ievsjv bM‡ii w`‡K| †kl ch©š— †mB bvm©v wi‡ZB MMbwkix‡li Pviv Lyu‡R cvq Zviv| mvgv` i“by‡K wRÁvmv K‡i : ÔKqUv Pviv wKbev i“by?Õ i“by e‡j : ÔGKUvB wKwb|Õ †mLv‡b wewfbœ D”PZvi MMbwkix‡li Pviv Av‡Q Ñ GK dzU †_‡K ïi“ K‡i AvU-bq dzU ch©š—| i“by Zvi B”Qv cÖKvk K‡i : Ôeo †`BLv Pviv wKwb P‡jb| Zv nB‡j MvQUv Lye Kg UvB‡g AvKv‡ki w`K DBVv hvBe| Kx Kb?Õ Kv‡RB MMbwkix‡li AvU dzU g‡Zv j¤^v GKUv Pviv cQ›` K‡i Zviv| wKš‘ i“by Avi mvgv‡`i †fZi gZwe‡iva †`Lv †`q MMbwkix‡li Pvivi `vg cwi‡kva Kiv wb‡q| †kl ch©š— idv nq †h Zviv `yR‡b wg‡jwS‡j Pvivi `vg †`‡e Ñ i“by A‡a©K Avi mvgv` evwK A‡a©K| mvgv` Avi i“byi †fZ‡i wØZxq gZwe‡iva †`Lv †`q mvgv`‡`i evmvi †`qv‡ji DËi-c~e© †Kvbvq MMbwkix‡li PvivUv ey‡b †`Iqvi cÖ‡kœ Ñ †K jvMv‡e MvQUv? mvgv`, bv i“by? †Kv`vj w`‡q gvwU‡Z `yB dzU g‡Zv Mfxi MZ© Lyu‡o wb‡q mvgv` i“by‡K Aby‡iva K‡i : ÔZywgB MvQUv jvMvI|Õ i“by wKQy‡ZB Zv gvb‡e bv| †m hyw³ †`q : ÔMMbwkixl jvMv‡bvi c­¨vb Ki‡Qb Avc‡b| PvivUv †mB R‡b¨ Avc‡biB jvMv‡bv DwPZ|Õ wKš‘ mvgv` i“by‡K e‡j : Ôgnj­vi gvbylR‡b Rvbe †h ZcBb¨vi K_v fvBevB Zzwg GB MvQLvb jvMvBwQjv| fv‡jv jvMe Avgvi|Õ MMbwkix‡li PvivUv i“byB gvwU‡Z ey‡b †`q †kl ch©š—| MMbwkix‡li †Mvovq †Kv`vj w`‡q †U‡b gvwU fivU K‡i mvgv`| Avi nuvUz †M‡o e‡m `y-nv‡Zi me¸‡jv AvOyj w`‡q Mv‡Qi †Mvovi G‡jv‡g‡jv gvwU A‡bK¶Y a‡i mgvb K‡i †`q i“by| mvgv‡`i †evb gvmy`v †QvU GKUv evjwZ‡Z K‡i cvwb wb‡q Av‡m| i“by GKUv gM w`‡q evjwZ †_‡K ax‡i ax‡i cvwb Xv‡j MMbwkix‡li PvivUvi †Mvovq| PvivUvi meyR, wPij cvZv¸‡jvq GKUz nvZ eywj‡q w`‡q i“by D‡V `uvovq Zvici| mvgv‡`i w`‡K gwjb †Pv‡L GKUz ZvKvq i“by Ges gvmy`v‡K Rwo‡q a‡i wejvc Ki‡Z _v‡K : Ô†`L! Avgvi ey‡K cvK Avwg©‡Mv ¸wj jvM‡Q †Kgyb! eyK w_Kv wPwoK w`qv i³ evBi nBZv‡Q! †`LZvQm bv ZzB? †PvL bvB Zi?Õ 14 GwcÖj 2013 †iveevi µ›`biZ i“byi w`‡K k~b¨`…wó‡Z ZvwK‡q _v‡K mvgv`| Kx e‡j i“by‡K cÖ‡eva †`Iqv hv‡e, Zv †m eyS‡Z cv‡i bv| 

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D evsjvfvlx gvby‡li Kv‡Q GL‡bv c¨vixPuv` wgÎ GK ¯§iYxq bvg| fvlvwe‡`ªvnx, mgvRwbô, K_vKvi, gvbe-Dbœqb msMVK, mvsevw`K, Aa¨vZ¥wPš—K Ñ KZfv‡eB †Zv Zuv‡K ¯§iY Ki‡Z cvwi Avgiv| 68

wbk kZ‡Ki evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨Zg †kÖô †jLK c¨vixPuv` wgÎ (1814-83)| c¨vixPuv`‡K Avwg mªóv Ges Kg©‡hvMx gvbyl wn‡m‡eB †`L‡Z fv‡jvevwm| R‡b¥i ci `y‡kv eQi AwZµvš—, g„Zz¨i ciI Avgiv †cwi‡q G‡mwQ GKk ewÎk eQi Ñ Zey evsjvfvlx gvby‡li Kv‡Q GL‡bv wZwb GK ¯§iYxq bvg| fvlvwe‡`ªvnx, mgvRwbô, K_vKvi, gvbe-Dbœqb msMVK, mvsevw`K, Aa¨vZ¥wPš—K Ñ KZfv‡eB †Zv Zuv‡K ¯§iY Ki‡Z cvwi Avgiv| wØkZZg Rb¥e‡l©i GB ïf-gyn~‡Z© `uvwo‡q c¨vixPuv‡`i Kg© I mvwnZ¨-mvabv wePvi Ki‡Z em‡j Zuv‡K Abvqv‡mB Db¥w_Z Dwbk kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg †kÖô Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl wn‡m‡e kbv³ Kiv hv‡e| ivg‡gvnb ivq, Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi Avi ÔBqs‡e½jÕ‡`i mgKv‡j evsjv‡`‡k Avwef~©Z n‡qwQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| Zuvi mgq †K‡U‡Q ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq Avi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi mvwnwZ¨K-mvnP‡h©| c¨vixPuv` wgÎ Ggb GK mg‡q Avwef~©Z n‡qwQ‡jb, hLb cÖMwZkxj wPš—v, D`vi gvbeZvev`x `k©b, eªvþ ag©-Av‡›`vjb Ges bvw¯—KZvi cvkvcvwk i¶Ykxj wn›`ymgv‡Ri `vcU, mvgvwRK AmsMwZ I mbvZb g~j¨‡PZbvi hyMj‡mªv‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki mgvR wQj MwZPÂj, ؛ضZ Ges Avmbœ cwieZ©bgyLx| wn›`y K‡j‡R wW‡ivwRIi QvÎ wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv`, d‡j Zuvi gvbm‡jv‡K D`vi gvbeZvev`x †PZbv I gy³-Rxeb`„wói exR A¼zwiZ n‡qwQj cÖ_g †hŠe‡bB| jyB wfwfqvb wW‡ivwRI Ges †WwfW †nqv‡ii m‡½ wZwb KvR K‡i‡Qb, mnKgx© wQ‡jb Dwbk kZ‡Ki Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl ivgZby jvwnoxi| e¯‘Z, Dwbk kZ‡Ki Ômxgve× beRvMi‡YÕi m`_©K me ¸YB wµqvkxj wQj c¨vixPuv‡`i gvbm‡jv‡K|

Dwbk kZ‡K KjKvZvi Av‡jvwKZ mgv‡R c¨vixPuv` wQ‡jb MwZkxj GK gvbyl| bvbv Kg© I Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ Zuvi wQj cÖZ¨¶ ms‡hvM| 1838 mv‡j KjKvZvq cÖwZwôZ nq Ô`¨ †mvmvBwU di w` GKzBwRkb Ae †Rbv‡ij b‡jRÕ bv‡g ÁvbPP©vi e¨wZµgx GK cÖwZôvb|

wk¶v, mgvR I e¨emv-msµvš— bvbv cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½ hy³ wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| 1836 mv‡j wn›`y K‡j‡Ri cvV mgvß K‡i K¨vjKvUv cvewjK jvB‡eªwi‡Z mve-jvB‡eªwiqvb c‡` †hvM †`b c¨vixPuv`| 1839 mvj †_‡K PvKwii cvkvcvwk e¨emvi w`‡K Szu‡K c‡ob| e¯‘Z, we`¨v I we‡Ëi mvabvi GK D¾¡j D`vniY c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| K¨vjKvUv cvewjK jvB‡eªwi‡Z Kg©wbôvi Rb¨ wZwb jvf K‡ib AvRxeb wKD‡iUi I KvDwÝj‡ii c`; Ab¨w`‡K Avg`vwb-idZvwb evwY‡R¨i Rb¨ wZwb cÖwZôv K‡ib D‡j­L‡hvM¨ A‡bK e¨emvq-cÖwZôvb| ÔKvjvPuv` †kV A¨vÛ †Kv¤úvwbÕ‡Z Avg`vwb-idZvwbi KvR K‡ib c¨vixPuv`, †Q‡j‡`i wb‡q cÖwZôv K‡ib Ôc¨vixPuv` wgÎ A¨vÛ mÝÕ bv‡g †Kv¤úvwb| ¯^vaxb evwY‡R¨ Zuvi wmw× ixwZg‡Zv we¯§qKi| Ô†MÖU B÷vb© †nv‡Uj †Kv. wj.Õ, Ô†cvU© K¨vwbs j¨vÛ Bb‡f÷‡g›U †Kv¤úvwbÕ, ÔnvIqv WwKs †Kv¤úvwb wjwg‡UWÕ Ñ Gme we‡`wk †Kv¤úvwbi cwiPvjK wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib c¨vixPuv`| Ô†e½j wU †Kv¤úvwbÕ, ÔWviv wU †Kv¤úvwb wjwg‡UWÕ Ñ Gme ms¯’viI cwiPvjK wQ‡jb wZwb| Dwbk kZ‡K KjKvZvi Av‡jvwKZ mgv‡R c¨vixPuv` wQ‡jb MwZkxj GK gvbyl| bvbv Kg© I Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ Zuvi wQj cÖZ¨¶ ms‡hvM| 1838 mv‡j KjKvZvq cÖwZwôZ nq Ô`¨ †mvmvBwU di w` GKzBwRkb Ae †Rbv‡ij b‡jRÕ bv‡g ÁvbPP©vi e¨wZµgx GK cÖwZôvb| c¨vixPuv` wgÎ I ivgZby jvwnox GB cÖwZôv‡bi hyM¥-m¤úv`K wbe©vwPZ nb| Ô`¨ †e½j weªwUk BwÛqv †mvmvBwUÕi (1843) A‰eZwbK m¤úv`K wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv`| Ô`¨ weªwUk BwÛqvb A¨v‡mvwm‡qkbÕ (1851), ÔweUb †mvmvBwUÕ (1851), Ô`¨ K¨vjKvUv †mvmvBwU di `¨ wcÖ‡fb&kb Ad& µz‡qwë Uz A¨vwbg¨vjmÕ (1851) BZ¨vw` cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½ Mfxifv‡e hy³ wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| 1867 mv‡j cÖwZwôZ Ô`¨ †e½j †mvk¨vj mv‡qÝ A¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bÕi hyM¥-m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib c¨vixPuv`| 1820 mv‡j †Kwi-cÖwZwôZ ÔGwMÖKvjPvi A¨vÛ nwU©KvjPvi †mvmvBwU Ad BwÛqvÕi m`m¨ wQ‡jb wZwb| m`m¨ wn‡m‡e G-mg‡q †mvmvBwUi Rvb©v‡j c¨vixPuv` K…wl-wel‡q A‡bK cÖeÜ †j‡Lb| c¨vixPuv`-iwPZ K…wlwelqK †gŠwjK I Ab~w`Z iPbvmg~n fviZe‡l© K…wlwk¶vi BwZnv‡m D‡j­L ‡hvM¨ Ae`vb wn‡m‡e DËiKv‡j ¯^xK…wZjvf K‡i‡Q| 1860 mv‡j ¯¿x evgvKvjxi g„Zz¨i ci c¨vixPuv` †cÖZZË¡ Z_v w_Imwdi cÖwZ cÖejfv‡e AvK…ó n‡q c‡ob| cÖm½Z ¯§iY Kiv hvq c¨vixPuv‡`i GB fvl¨ : ÔI became

lost my wife, which convulsed me much. I took to the study of spiritualism which, I confess, I would not have thought of otherwise nor relished its charms.’ (Peary Chand, 1881 : 9)| wZwb

mggbv‡`i wb‡q cÖwZôv K‡ib fviZxq w_ImwdK¨vj †mvmvBwU| †`wk-we‡`wk eû w_ImwdK¨vj ms¯’vi m‡½ c¨vixPuv‡`i wQj Mfxi m¤úK©| 1860-DËi Zuv i mKj iPbv‡ZB w_Imwdi cÖfve cwijw¶Z nq|

`yB c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi Kg©Rxeb †hgb ˆewPΨgyLx, †Zgwb Zuvi mvwnZ¨RxebI PgrKvwiZ¡ Avi we‡`ªv‡n F×| mvwnZ¨K‡g©i Rb¨B DËiKv‡ji evOvwji Kv‡Q wZwb mgwaK cwiwPZ| †UKPuv` VvKz‡ii QÙvei‡Y c¨vixPuv` wgÎ mvwnZ¨‡¶‡Î †h mvnm I †`ªv‡ni cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb, DËiKvjxb evOvwj Av‡Rv wK Zv h_v_©fv‡e g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z m‡Pó n‡q‡Q? mvwn‡Z¨i welq I fvlv, fvem¤ú` I cÖKiY¯^vZš¿¨ Ñ Dfq `„wó‡Kv‡YB c¨vixPuv‡`i †`ªvn g~j¨vqb wKsev cybg~©j¨vq‡bi `vwe iv‡L| G-K_v †jLvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv †h, c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi mvwnwZ¨K L¨vwZi cÖavb Drm n‡”Q Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj (1858)| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb Av‡iv m‡Z‡ivwU MÖš’; wKš‘ GB GKwU eB-B evOvwji Kv‡Q Zuv‡K ¯§iYxq K‡i †i‡L‡Q| bvbvgvwÎK weZK© _vK‡jI Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj‡KB ejv nq evsjvmvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g Dcb¨vm| evsjv Dcb¨vmmvwn‡Z¨i cÖavb me mgv‡jvPKB Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj‡K, me mxgve×Zv Avg‡j wb‡qB, evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g Dcb¨vm e‡j ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb| cÖm½Z n¨vbv K¨v_vwib gy¨‡jÝ-iwPZ Ki“Yv I dzjgwYi weeiY (1852) MÖ‡š’i K_v D‡j­L Ki‡Z nq| GKvwaK mgv‡jvPK G-MÖš’wU‡K evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g Dcb¨vm e‡j we‡ePbv K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kv‡bv kZ©B c~iY K‡i bv Ki“Yv I dzjgwYi weeiY Ñ GwU GKvš—B wLªóa‡g©i gvnvZ¥¨-cÖPviK GKwU iPbv gvÎ| G-cÖm‡½ ¯§iY‡hvM¨ m‡ivR e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi gš—e¨ : ...Jcb¨vwm‡Ki gvbm`„wó, we¯—…Z Rxebc‡U AwfÁZvi web¨vm I Dcb¨v‡mvwPZ mgm¨v Ñ GKwU Dcb¨v‡mi GB cÖavb wÎ-k‡Z©i GKwUI G cy¯—‡ K [Ki“Yv I dzjgwYi weeiY] iw¶Z nqwb|... ÔdzjgwY I Ki“YvÕq Pwi‡Îi †Kv‡bv evjvB †bB| bxwZ-cÖPvi‡Ki mygwZ-KzgwZi M‡íi g‡Zv G-M‡í †jwLKvi D‡Ïk¨‡cvlKfv‡e †h-†Kv‡bv

a theisist or a Brahma… . In 1860, I

69

NUbv †h-†Kv‡bvfv‡e N‡U| gvby‡ li g„Zz¨`„k¨I G-Dcb¨v‡m gvby‡li g„Zz¨`„k¨ bv n‡q wLª÷v‡bi g„Zz¨`„k¨ n‡q D‡V‡Q| (m‡ivR, 2003 : 57) Dcb¨vm n‡q-IVvi mgy`q kZ©B c~iY K‡i‡Q Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj| Dcb¨v‡mvwPZ mgm¨v, †`kR RxebcU, gvbyl I cÖK…wZi Avš—tm¤úK©, i³gvsmgq PwiÎ, ¯^Kxq fvlv Ges †jL‡Ki Rxeb`„wó Ñ Dcb¨v‡mi Gme ˆewk‡ó¨i meUvB cvIqv hv‡e Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjv‡j| G-Dcb¨v‡mi wkí¸Y e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z wM‡q kÖxKzgvi e‡›`¨vcva¨vq wj‡L‡Qb : ÔAvjv‡ji cÖwZ‡ek... c~Y©v½ I Z_¨eûj, Rxe‡bi bvbvgywLbZv‡K Aej¤^b Kwiqv iwPZ| Bnv‡Z †Kej iv¯—vNv‡Ui Kg©e¨¯—Zv I mRxe PvÂj¨ bvB, Av‡Q cvwievwiK Rxe‡bi kvš— I `„pg~j †Kw›`ªKZv, AvBb-Av`vj‡Zi †KŠZ‚njc~Y© Kvh©- cÖYvjx, becÖwZwôZ Bs‡iRkvm‡bi †h myKwíZ ewne©¨e¯’v ax‡i ax‡i e¨w³Rxe‡bi MwZQ›`‡K wbqš¿Y Kwiqv Avwb‡Z‡Q, Zvnvi m¤ú~Y© wPÎ| PwiÎv¼‡b Bnvi †kÖôZ¡ AviI mycK Ö U| gvbyl †h NUbvcÖev‡n fvmgvb LoKzUvgvÎ bq, Zvnvi e¨w³Z¡ †h b`xZi½-cÖnZ ce©‡Zi b¨vq Kw¤úZ nB‡jI ¯’vbåó nq bv Ñ Bnv‡Z PwiÎ-wP·Yi GB Av`k©B Abym„Z nBqv‡QÕ (kÖxKzgvi, 1996 : 27)| Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK gwZjv‡ji AvL¨v‡b mgKvjxb Rxe‡bi eûgvwÎK mgm¨v wkíiƒc †c‡q‡Q, hv‡K Avgiv Dcb¨v‡mvwPZ mgm¨v wn‡m‡eB we‡ePbv Ki‡ev| gvbeag© †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡j gvbeRxeb †h wecbœ nq, G-K_vUvB ej‡Z †P‡q‡Qb c¨vixPuv`| G-mgm¨vwU Dwbk kZ‡Ki ga¨cv‡` KjKvZv-Rxeb‡K wecbœ K‡i Zz‡jwQj| c¨vixPuv` a‡g©i gvbyl‡K LyuR‡Z Pvbwb, wZwb mÜvb K‡i‡Qb gvby‡li ag©‡K| Dwbk kZ‡Ki gvbegq †PZbvi m‡½ G-†ev‡ai wbweo ms‡hvM Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvi‡jB c¨vixPuv‡`i Jcb¨vwmK-mvdj¨ Avwe®‹vi Kiv m¤¢e| Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjv‡j c¨vixPuv` Avgv‡`i cwii Mí †kvbvbwb, ïwb‡q‡Qb †`kR Rxebc‡U we¯—Z … i³-gvsmgq gvby‡li Mí| gwZjvj, ei`v-†eYxevey, VKPvPv-VKPvPx Ñ Gme PwiÎ Dwbk kZ‡Ki Ø›Øgq mgv‡Ri K_vB Avgv‡`i ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q| m‡ivR e‡›`¨vcva¨vq wj‡L‡Qb : ÔmgKv‡ji Rxeb m¤^‡Ü cÖej ¯ú„nv Ges †mB Rxe‡bi eû e¨Z¨‡q cÖej †e`bvq ÔAvjv‡ji N‡ii `yjv‡jÕi Rb¥Õ (m‡ivR, 2003 : 60)| Jcb¨vwm‡Ki BwZevPK Rxebv_© Ges Ôcig gvbweK `„wófw½Õ ÔAvjvjÕ‡K, eûwea mxgve×Zv m‡Ë¡I, wkí K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| VKPvPvi Kvi“Y¨, VKPvPxi AmnvqZv wKsev Kvkxi M½vZx‡i cÖvPxb fviZe‡l©i Qvqvq gwZjv‡ji Av‡Z¥vcjwä Ñ G mg¯—B Jcb¨vwm‡Ki gvbe‡PZbvi fvwlK-cÖKvk| cÖm½Z ¯§iYxq Dcb¨v‡mi Awš—g evK¨wU : ÔVKPvPx †Kv‡bv Dcvq bv †`wLqv PzoxIqvjx nBqv †fwUqvwi Mvb ÔPzwoqv‡ji PzwoqvÕ MvB‡Z MvB‡Z Mwj Mwj wdwi‡Z jvwMj|Õ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi bxwZevK¨ w`‡q ÔAvjv‡jÕi mgvwß N‡Uwb, eis Abvm³ RxebcÖxwZB Gi cig e¨Äbv| ev¯—e‡eva c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi Jcb¨vwmK-cÖwZfvi wewkó j¶Y| m‡ivR e‡›`¨vcva¨vq wj‡L‡Qb : Ôc¨vixPuv` Ebwesk kZvãxi GKgvÎ evOvwj †jLK whwb AuvKvov ev¯—e‡K Dcb¨v‡m Dcw¯’Z Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jbÕ (m‡ivR, 2003 : 61)| GwU †hgb c¨vixPuv‡`i ¸Y, †Zgwb †`v‡liI AvKi| †Kbbv, A‡bK ¯’‡jB ev¯—e-eY©bv wkwíZ n‡q I‡Vwb ÔAvjv‡jÕ, KL‡bv KL‡bv PwiÎ n‡q D‡V‡Q UvBc, Dcb¨vm msMV‡b, m‡PZb cvV‡Ki †Pv‡L aiv co‡e, KL‡bv N‡U‡Q †K›`ªvbyM kw³i wbqš¿YnxbZv| GZme mxgve×Zv m‡Ë¡I ALÊ mgvR`„wó Avi gvbegyLxbZvi Kvi‡Y

70

c¨vixPuv‡`i Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj‡KB Avgiv evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g Dcb¨vm wn‡m‡e kbv³ Ki‡Z PvB Ges ej‡Z PvB G-K_v Ñ Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvjB cÖ_g ÔAvgv‡`iÕ Dcb¨vm| evOvwj wn‡m‡e Avgv‡`i †MŠie GB †h, Dcwb‡ewkZ mgvR-KvVv‡gv‡Z †e‡o-IVv c¨vixPuv` wgÎ Jcwb‡ewkK iƒcKí (form) AMÖvn¨ K‡i wbR¯^ ixwZ‡Z Dcb¨vm wj‡L‡Qb| Dcwb‡e‡ki wk¶vq †e‡o-IVv mgv‡jvPK ZvB Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj Dcb¨vm g~j¨vq‡b †Zgb AvMÖn †`Lvbwb, eªvþY¨ ms¯‹…wZi aviK-evnK‡`i Kv‡QI c¨vixPuv` wgÎ cvbwb †Zgb cvËv| A_P, †hgb e‡j‡Qb ew¼gP›`ª, Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvjB Avgv‡`i RvZxq mvwn‡Z¨i Avw` m„wó (ew¼gP›`ª, 1390 : 863)| m~Pbvm~‡ÎB e¨³ n‡q‡Q †h, 1860 mv‡j ¯¿xi g„Zz¨i ci c¨vixPuv‡`i gvbm‡jv‡K µgk cÖej n‡q I‡V Aa¨vZ¥‡PZbv I †cÖZÁvb| Avjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvj Dcb¨v‡m †h mgvRwbôv I gvbe‡PZbvi cwiPq cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj, 1860-DËi c¨vixPuv‡`i iPbvq Zv AewmZ n‡jv; c¶vš—‡i †mLv‡b cÖavb n‡q DV‡jv Aa¨vZ¥‡PZbv, ciRvMwZK‡eva Ges †cÖZZvwË¡K Ávb| c¨vixPuv‡`i GB gvbm-iƒcvš—‡ii cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q MxZv¼zi (1861), hrwKwÂr (1865) A‡f`x (1871), Ava¨vwZ¥Kv (1881) Ñ Gme iPbvq| cÖm½Z Avgiv ¯§iY Kie 1859 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ c¨vixPuv‡`i mgvR I mgKvjwbô Ab¨ GKwU iPbvi K_v| g` LvIqv eo `vq, RvZ _vKvi wK Dcvq? MÖ‡š’ c¨vixPuv` mgKvjxb mgvRRxeb‡K †hfv‡e ai‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb, GK eQ‡ii e¨eav‡b Zvi †h iƒcvš—i NUj, Zv fve‡j wew¯§Z n‡Z nq| mgKvjxb mgvR-msMV‡bB wQj GB cðvrgyLx iƒcvš—‡ ii Uvb| ivgZby jvwnox, ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq, ivRbvivqY emy Ñ Kvi g‡a¨ wQj bv GB iƒcvš—‡ii evmbv?

Dcwb‡e‡ki AvkÖ‡q-cÖkÖ‡q M‡o-IVv Dwbk kZKx be-RvMi‡Yi GB mxgve×ZvB wK c¨vixPuv‡`i gvbm-iƒcvš—‡ii †gŠj KviY? me mgv‡jvPKB c¨vixPuv‡`i ¯¿x-we‡qvMRwbZ †e`bvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| Avgv‡`i g‡b nq, evgvKvjxi g„Zz¨ AvcvZKviY n‡jI †gŠj KviY wµqvkxj wQj ÔwfwLwii gv_vq Rwi-RniZ †`Iqv cvMwoi g‡ZvÕ wK¤¢~ZwKgvKvi mgvR-msMV‡b| mgvR-msMV‡bi cðvrMwZ c¨vixPuv‡`i Rxeb‡PZbv‡K wØavwš^Z K‡iwQj Ges GB wØav I ؇›Øi d‡jB c¨vixPuv‡`i mgvRgq ev¯—eZv iƒcvš—wiZ n‡jv Aa¨vZ¥-cigv_©‡PZbvq| D”Pv½msMxZ-mvabvi ga¨ w`‡q Ava¨vwZ¥K Dbœqb wQj c¨vixPuv‡`i cig Afxó (gwbi“¾vgvb, 1968 : 20)| MxZv¼z‡ii A‡bK Mv‡bB BnRvMwZKZv AwZµvš— AvwZ¥K Kj¨vY I Aa¨vZ¥‡PZbv cwiùzU n‡q‡Q (exYvcvwY, 1993 : 113)| hrwKwÂr, A‡f`x I Ava¨vwZ¥Kv iPbvÎq Aa¨vZ¥‡PZbv I Ck¦iÁv‡b gyLi Ñ Gme iPbvq c¨vixPuv` Mfxi w_Imwd‡Z wb‡R‡K wbgMœ K‡i‡Qb| Rxeb‡PZbvq iƒcvš—i m‡Ë¡I c¨vixPuv‡`i Gme iPbvi i‡q‡Q wfbœ GK Zvrch©| mbvZb fviZxq ms¯‹…wZi K_v Av‡Q Gme iPbvq, Dcwb‡e‡ki ms¯‹…wZ I a‡g©i wecÖZx‡c c¨vixPuv‡`i GB Ae¯’vb Zuvi †`ªvnxg‡bi wfbœ GK cÖKvk wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv hvq wK? Jcwb‡ewkK ms¯‹…wZ‡Z hyM¥-ˆecix‡Z¨i (binary-opposition) aviYvq cÖv‡P¨i mewKQy Lvivc Ñ Jcwb‡ewkK ms¯‹…wZi wei“‡× Gfv‡eB wK c¨vixPuv` GKUv k³ Ae¯’vb MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb? cÖm½Z ¯§iY Ki‡Z cvwi kÖxKzgvi e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi GB `~imÂvix Bw½Z : c¨vixPuv‡`i iƒcK ev Ava¨vwZ¥K Dcb¨vm evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ GKK I AwØZxq Ñ †Kvb cieZx© Jcb¨vwmK Zuvnvi

avivi AbyeZ©b K‡ib bvB| Zuvnvi g‡bvfve hy‡MvwPZ cÖMwZkxjZv I mycÖvPxb fviZxq ms¯‹…wZwbôZvi GK Avðh© mgš^q| (kÖxKzgvi, 1996 : 29)| Ñ n¨vbv K¨v_wib gy¨‡jÝ †h wLªóag© cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ Kjg a‡iwQ‡jb, c¨vixPuv‡`i cÖqvm wK Zvi wei“‡× GK cÖwZev`? Ggb K_v wK fvev hvq?

wZb Dwbk kZ‡Ki Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| wZwb wQ‡jb wW‡ivwRIi QvÎ, wQ‡jb ivgZby jvwnoxi mnKgx©| Dwbk kZKx Ômxgve×Õ beRvMi‡Yi A‡bK ¸YB c¨vixPuv‡`i gvbmMV‡b cÖZ¨¶ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| cÖm½Z mg_©K I BwZevPK bvix-fvebvi K_v GLv‡b we‡klfv‡e D‡j­L Ki‡Z nq| c¨vixPuv` wgÎ cÖvK…wZK ˆjw½K `„wó‡Kv‡Y bvix‡K we‡ePbv K‡ibwb, eis Zuvi †PZbvq DuwK w`‡qwQj mvgvwRK †RÛvi `„wó‡Kv‡Y bvix‡K g~j¨vq‡bi mw`”Qv| bvix-Dbœq‡bi AvKv•¶v wb‡qB wZwb cÖKvk K‡iwQ‡jb gvwmK cwÎKv (1854)| cwÎKvi cÖwZ msL¨vi m~Pbv‡ZB †jLv _vK‡Zv GB K_v : GB cwÎKv mvavi‡Yi we‡klZ ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki Rb¨ Qvcv nB‡Z‡Q, †h fvlvq Avgvw`‡Mi mPivPi K_vevZ©v nq, Zvnv‡ZB cÖ¯—ve mKj iPbv nB‡eK| cwʇZiv cwo‡Z Pvb cwo‡eb, wKš‘ Zuvnvw`‡Mi wbwg‡Ë GB cwÎKv wjwLZ nq bvB| (DׄZ : exYvcvwY, 1993 : 76) evOvwj bvixmgv‡Ri gvbwmK, ˆbwZK I cvwievwiK DrKl© mva‡b gvwmK cwÎKv cvjb K‡i‡Q HwZnvwmK f~wgKv| bvixmgv‡Ri bvbvgvwÎK DbœwZi Rb¨ gvwmK cwÎKvq c¨vixPuv` G‡Ki ci GK avivevwnKfv‡e wj‡L‡Qb ivgviwÄKv (1860), GZ‡Ïkxq ¯¿x‡jvKw`‡Mi c~eŸ©ve¯’v (1879), A‡f`x (1871), Ava¨vwZ¥Kv (1880), hrwKwÂr (1865), evgv‡ZvwlYx (1881) BZ¨vw` iPbv| c¨vixPuv` wgÎ evj¨weev‡ni we‡ivax wQ‡jb, wQ‡jb eûweev‡ni wec‡¶| wZwb g‡bcÖv‡Y cÖZ¨vkv K‡i‡Qb bvixi mvg~wnK DbœwZ| evsjv fvlvq bvix-wel‡q MÖš’-iPbvq wZwb Ab¨Zg cw_K…r| bvix-cyi“‡li †f` wZwb gvb¨ K‡ibwb; bvix‡K wZwb Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb cyi“l-wbi‡c¶| gvbevwaKvi, mvg¨ I ci¯úi mn‡hvM-evmbv c¨vixPuv‡`i bvix-cyi“l fvebvi †K›`ªxq cÖZ¨q| eZ©gvb mg‡q bvixev`x fvebvi †h-cÖwZôv, mva©kZ eQi c~‡e©B c¨vixPuv‡`i nv‡Z Zvi exR Dß n‡qwQj Ñ G-m~‡ÎI wZwb ¯§iYxq|

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gvÎ c‡b‡iv eQi eq‡mB c¨vixPuv` wgÎ Ávbv‡š^lY cwÎKvi m¤úv`Kxq wjL‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡ib| c¨vixPuv‡`i m¤úv`bvq cÖKvwkZ nq K…wl-welqK ¶YRxex cwÎKv Agriculture in Bengal (1881)| evsjv‡`‡k K…wlwk¶vi BwZnv‡m G-cwÎKvi i‡q‡Q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb|

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gvwmK cwÎKv QvovI Av‡iv wKQy cwÎKvi m‡½ mivmwi mswk­ó wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| `w¶YviÄb gy‡Lvcva¨vq-m¤úvw`Z mvßvwnK Ávbv‡š^lY (1831) cwÎKvi Ab¨Zg mvsevw`K wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| gvÎ c‡b‡iv eQi eq‡mB c¨vixPuv` wgÎ Ávbv‡š^lY cwÎKvi m¤úv`Kxq wjL‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡ib| c¨vixPuv‡`i m¤úv`bvq cÖKvwkZ nq K…wl-welqK ¶YRxex cwÎKv Agriculture in Bengal ( 1881)| evsjv‡`‡k K…wlwk¶vi BwZnv‡m G-cwÎKvi i‡q‡Q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb| Agriculture in Bengal cwÎKvq K…wl-wel‡q c¨vixPuv` A‡bK cÖeÜ wj‡L‡Qb, hv msKwjZ n‡q‡Q Zuvi Agriculture in Bengal (1881) kxl©K MÖ‡š’| GLv‡b D‡j­L Kiv hvq, K…wl-welqK Zuvi Av‡iv GKwU MÖš’ i‡q‡Q, hvi bvg K…wl cvV (1861)| K‡b©j IjKU Ges gv`vg e­vfvUw¯‹-m¤úvw`Z Theosophist (1879) cwÎKvi m‡½I Nwbôfv‡e hy³ wQ‡jb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ|

mvsevw`K wn‡m‡eI c¨vixPuv` wgÎ, mva©kZ eQ‡ii e¨eavb m‡Ë¡I, Av‡Rv ¯§iYxq GK bvg| BwZc~‡e©B e¨³ n‡q‡Q, 1854 mv‡j c¨vixPuv` bvix-Dbœq‡bi evmbv wb‡q cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb gvwmK

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71

Bs‡iwR fvlvq c¨vixPuv` iPbv K‡ib AvUwU MÖš’| GQvov AMÖw_Z Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q Zuvi A‡bK Bs‡iwR iPbv| c¨vixPuv‡`i Bs‡iwR iPbvi g‡a¨ we‡klfv‡e D‡j­L‡hvM¨ A Biographical Sketch of David Hare (1877), Stray Thoughts on Spiritualism (1880), Life of Dewan Ramcomul Sen (1880), On the Soul : Its Nature and Development (1881), Agriculture in Bengal (1881) BZ¨vw`| Gme MÖ‡š’ Ges AMÖw_Z Bs‡iwR

iPbvq c¨vixPuv` fviZe‡l©i ms¯‹…wZ, ag©, evOvwj bvixi AvwZ¥K RvMiY, evsjvi A_©bxwZ Ges K…wl-welqK bvbvgvwÎK we‡ePbv Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| Bs‡iwR iPbvq c¨vixPuv‡`i `„wófw½ wbi‡c¶, wkíxmyjf Ges Mfxi AbymwÜrmy (exYvcvwY, 1993 : 157)| Bs‡iwR iPbvmg~n cvV Ki‡j Abyaveb Kiv m¤¢e c¨vixPuv‡`i Aa¨qb-e¨vwß, Z_¨wbf©iZv, ZË¡Ávb Ges gbbPP©vi eûgvwÎKZv| c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi Bs‡iwR iPbvmg~n wb‡q we¯—…Z M‡elYvi AeKvk Av‡Q e‡j Avgv‡`i g‡b n‡q‡Q|

Qq Kg©wbô I mvwnZ¨mva‡Ki ci Gevi cwiPq †bIqv hvK fvlv‡`ªvnx c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi| e¯‘Z, DËiKvjxb evOvwji Kv‡Q mvwnZ¨wkíx c¨vixPuv` bb, eis fvlvwkíx c¨vixPuv`B mgwaK ¯§iYxq| cÖvK&-c¨vixPuv` evsjv M`¨ †jŠwKK evsjv‡K AMÖvn¨ K‡i‡Q, mvwnZ¨-iPbvq MÖnY Kiv nqwb †jvKRxe‡bi K_¨fvlv| CðiP›`ª we`¨vmvMi I A¶qKzgvi `Ë ms¯‹…Zvbymvix evsjv fvlv‡K LvwbKUv mnR‡eva¨ Ki‡jI Zuv‡`i iPbvq gvb¨ nqwb evOvwji †jvKfvlv| ms¯‹…Z mvwnZ¨ Ges ms¯‹…Z fvlvi k„•Lj †_‡K gyw³jv‡fi Rb¨ evsjv mvwnZ¨ Ges mvwn‡Z¨i fvlv‡K A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi Avwef©ve ch©š—| ew¼gP›`ª gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb, ms¯‹…Z mvwnZ¨ I fvlvi k„•Lj †_‡K evsjv mvwnwZ¨K fvlv‡K cÖ_g D×vi K‡ib c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| ew¼gP›`ª wj‡L‡Qb : †h fvlv mKj evOvwji †evaMg¨ Ges mKj evOvwj KZ©„K e¨eüZ, cÖ_g wZwbB Zvnv MÖš’ cÖYq‡b e¨envi Kwi‡jb| Ges wZwbB cÖ_g Bs‡iwR I ms¯‹…‡Zi fvÊv‡i c~eŸ©Mvgx †jLKw`‡Mi Dw”Qóve‡k‡li AbymÜvb Kwiqv, ¯^fv‡ei Abš— fvÊvi nB‡Z Avcbvi iPbvi Dcv`vb msMÖn Kwi‡jb| GK ÔAvjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvjÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’ GB Dfq D‡Ïk¨ wm× nBj| ÔAvjv‡ji N‡ii `yjvjÕ ev½vjv fvlvq wPi¯’vqx I wPi¯§iYxq nB‡e| Dnvi A‡c¶v DrK…ó MÖš’ Zrc‡i †Kn cÖYxZ Kwiqv _vwK‡Z cv‡ib A_ev fwel¨‡Z †Kn Kwi‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ ÔAvjv‡ji N‡ii `yjv‡jÕi Øviv ev½vjv mvwn‡Z¨i †h DcKvi nBqv‡Q Avi †Kvb ev½vjv MÖ‡š’i Øviv †miƒc nq bvB Ges fwel¨‡Z nB‡e wKbv m‡›`n| (ew¼gP›`ª, 1390 : 863) Ñ ¯§i‡Y ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, ew¼gP›`ª hLb G-K_v wj‡L‡Qb, ZLb cÖKvwkZ n‡q †M‡Q Zuvi A‡bK D‡j­L‡hvM¨ iPbv| wb‡R ms¯‹…Zvbymvix M`¨ wjL‡jI ÔAvjv‡jÕi fvlv‡KB ew¼gP›`ª mvwnZ¨-iPbvi fvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb| ew¼gP›`ª wj‡L‡Qb : Avwg Ggb ewj‡ZwQ bv †h ÔAvjv‡ji N‡ii `yjv‡jÕi fvlv Av`k© fvlv| Dnv‡Z Mv¤¢x‡h©i Ges weïw×i Afve Av‡Q Ges Dnv‡Z AwZ Aí fve mKj, mKj mg‡q, cwiùzU Kiv hvq wKbv m‡›`n| wKš‘ Dnv‡ZB cÖ_g G ev½vjv †`‡k cÖPvwiZ nBj †h, †h ev½vjv meŸ©Rbg‡a¨ Kw_Z Ges

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cÖPwjZ, Zvnv‡Z MÖš’ iPbv Kiv hvq, †m iPbv my›`iI nq Ges †h meŸ©Rb-ü`q-MÖwnZv ms¯‹Z … vbyhvwqbx fvlvi c‡¶ `yjf © , G fvlvi Zvnv mnR ¸Y| (ew¼gP›`ª, 1390 : 863) Db¥w_Z Dwbk kZ‡Ki M`¨gq ev¯—eZv wbg©v‡Y c¨vixPuv‡`i fvlv ixwZg‡Zv GK we‡`ªvn| Zuvi c~‡e©i, GgbwK cieZx©Kv‡ji, †jLKe„›`I Dcwb‡ek-m„ó Rbwew”Qbœ fvlv‡Z mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡i‡Qb| ev¯—e-AwfÁZvi Z‡ji m‡½ †Kv‡bv m½wZ bv †i‡LB, ejv hvq, ev¯—e-wbi‡c¶fv‡e ˆZwi nw”Qj K_v, iwPZ nw”Qj mvwnZ¨| †`‡ek ivq G‡K e‡j‡Qb ÔAbyev` M`¨Õ| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb : ÔGKwU fvlv ˆZwi n‡”Q hvi cÖv_wgK e¨envi N‡U‡Q Abyev‡` Ñ fvlvi Abyev‡` bq Ñ eZ©gvb AwfÁZvi Abyev`, BwZnv‡mi e¨vL¨vi Abyev`, Avi GB `yB‡qi wgkÖ‡Y ˆPZ‡b¨i Abyev`Õ (†`‡ek 1990 : 69)| bZzb M`¨ Rb¥j‡MœB Avµvš— n‡qwQj Rxebwew”QbœZvi exRvYy‡Z (AvRg, 2014 : 183)| fvwlK GB Rbwew”QbœZvi exRvYyi wei“‡×B wQj c¨vixPuv‡`i we‡`ªvn| ÔAvjv‡jÕi fvlv w`‡q Jcwb‡ewkK fvwlK-KvVv‡gv‡KB AvNvZ K‡iwQ‡jb c¨vixPuv`| mvayfvlvi wecix‡Z ÔAci fvlvÕ‡K mvwn‡Z¨i Avm‡i ¯’vb w`‡q DËiKvjxb evOvwj †jLK‡`i Kv‡Q c¨vixPuv` †i‡L †M‡Qb Acvi mvn‡mi Drm| evsjv fvlvi Dcwb‡ekvqb-cÖwµqvi wei“‡×B wQj c¨vixPuv‡`i hy×| evsjv fvlvi ms¯‹…Zvqb cÖwµqv‡K av°v w`‡qwQ‡jb c¨vixPuv`| GLv‡bB †evaKwi mvwnZ¨mvaK Ges fvlv-msMÖvgx wn‡m‡e c¨vixPuv‡`i HwZnvwmK mv_©KZv|

mvZ Dwbk kZ‡Ki †jLK n‡jI c¨vixPuv` wgÎ eûgvwÎK Kvi‡Y GL‡bv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖvmw½K e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡ib| mvwn‡Z¨i welq I fvlv †h mgKvjxb Rxeb I Rbmvavi‡Yi K_¨fvlv †_‡K MÖnY Kiv hvq Ñ evOvwj †jLK‡K †Zv G-K_v wkwL‡q‡Qb c¨vixPuv` wgÎ| fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i Dcwb‡ekvqb cÖwµqvi wei“‡× wQj Zuvi msMÖvg| ZvB nv‡ji DËi-Jcwb‡ewkK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi mvwnZ¨Kg© we‡k­lY Ki‡j Avgiv Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z cvie bZzb GK c¨vixPuv`‡K|

MÖš’cwÄ †`‡ek ivq : 1990, Dcwb‡e‡ki mgvR I evsjv mvsevw`K M`¨, c¨vwcivm, KjKvZv| ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq : 1390, ew¼g-iPbvejx Ñ wØZxq LÊ, mvwnZ¨ msm`, KwjKvZv| exYvcvwY evMPx : 1993, c¨vixPuv` wg‡Îi Rxeb I mgvRfvebv, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, XvKv| †gvnv¤§` AvRg : 2014, evsjv fvlvi Dcwb‡ekvqb I iex›`ªbv_, Av`k©, XvKv| †gvnv¤§` gwbi“¾vgvb (m¤úv`K) : 1968, c¨vixPuv` iPbvejx (f~wgKvsk), K_vKwj, XvKv| kÖxKzgvi e‡›`¨vcva¨vq : 1996, e½mvwn‡Z¨ Dcb¨v‡mi aviv, gWvb© eyK G‡RwÝ cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW, KjKvZv| m‡ivR e‡›`¨vcva¨vq : 2003, evsjv Dcb¨v‡mi Kvjvš—i, †`ÕR cvewjwks, KjKvZv| myKzgvi †mb : 1998, ev½vjv mvwn‡Z¨ M`¨, Avb›` cvewjkvm© cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW, KjKvZv| Peary Chand Mitra : 1881, On the Soul, Modern Publisher, Calcutta. 

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Z_¨m~Î 1. dvi B÷vb© B‡KvbwgK wiwfD, nsKs †_‡K 1982 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ wb‡`©kK cyw¯—Kv Aj Gwkqv MvBW, c„ 33| 2. bMi M‡elYv †K›`ª KZ…©K cÖKvwkZ ÔUrban Housing and Shelter Process in Bangladesh Ñ A study in seven cities Ñ Dacca, Chittagong, Khulna, Sylhet, Chandpur, Patuakhali and TakurgaonÕ, `ªóe¨ : Table 13 (Population Growth of Dhaka City)| 3. Growth of Dacca City : Population and Area (1608-1981), AvwZKzj­vn Ges Kwig (1965)|

4. Ôwmcvnx we‡`ªv‡ni Kv‡j XvKvÕ, XvKvi K_v, iwdKzj Bmjvg (1982)| 5. Ôgnvgš^š—‡ii Kv‡j XvKvÕ, IB| 6. fvi‡Zi BwZnvm K_v, W±i wKiYP›`ª, DׄwZ Ñ Ave`yj nvwg` jv‡nvixi weeiY, Oxford History of India, SMITH| 7. ÔEarly 20th Century Mansions of Dhaka City : Contextual ConceptÕ, Gg. Avjx Lvb I Avwgb, Architectural Conservation Bangladesh, GGBP Bgvg DwÏb-m¤úvw`Z, c„ 168, 1993| 8. GB wbe‡Üi KZK Z_¨ Ges m~Î, wefvMxq cÖKí : Study of Conservation of Dhaka City : It’s Historical Buildings and Areas †_‡K msKwjZ| 

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86

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wk‡ivbvgnxb wgkÖgva¨g, 2010

†_‡K wb‡qwQjvg| wZwb wQ‡jb iv‡R›`ªcÖmv`| GKUv we‡kl Qwei Rb¨ †c‡qwQjvg †mB cyi¯‹vi| Kx Qwe wQ‡jv ejwQ| Avwg †Zv †m‡KÛ Bqv‡i fwZ© njvg Ges mevB ej‡jv, Zzwg hw` cÖwZeQi dv÷© nI, Zvn‡j wd« ¯‹jviwkc cv‡e| Gw`‡K cwiPq e‡j GKUv cwÎKvq c‡owQjvg, DU, gyV, NyU †h AuvK‡Z cvi‡e †m GKRb wewkó wkíx n‡e| DU †Zv DU, gyV n‡jv nv‡Zi gy‡Vv Avi NyU n‡”Q †Nvov| GB wZb‡U Lye KwVb| K‡qK nvRvi nv‡Zi gy‡Vv Gu‡KwQjvg| †hLv‡b e‡m _vwK, †mLv‡b AuvKwQ| DU †Zv cvB bv| GmGb e¨vbvwR© †iv‡W gvD‡›UW cywj‡ki †Nvovi Av¯—vej wQ‡jv| ILv‡b ivZ KvUvZvg| †Nvovi Qwe AuvKZvg| †Nvov ï‡q Av‡Q, Avwg AuvKwQ| Avgvi m‡½ †Nvovi †cÖg n‡q †M‡jv| mwZ¨ mwZ¨| gv‡b Avgv‡K Av`i Ki‡Zv †Nvov| Zvici †Nvov AuvK‡Z AuvK‡Z RvZxq cyi¯‹vi †cjvg| Avgv‡K mevB P¨vs‡`vjv K‡i bvP‡Q| Kx? bv Dwb ivóªcwZ cyi¯‹vi †c‡q‡Qb|

cÖ_gevi| c‡iI `y-wZbevi †c‡qwQ ivóªcwZ cyi¯‹vi| Ab¨ Qwe Gu‡K, †Nvov bq| g‡b Av‡Q cÖ_gevi cyi¯‹v‡ii K_v| Avgvi eqm nq‡Zv 17 wK 18| AvU© K‡j‡R †evanq _vW© Bqv‡i cwo wK †m‡KÛ Bqv‡i| ZLb †cjvg| w`wj­ †Mjvg| A‡bK NUbv| ej‡Z A‡bK mgq jvM‡e| hv-B †nvK| †h-evwo‡Z weL¨vZ me wkíx AvÇv gvi‡Qb, Zvi euvw`‡K Av‡gwiKvb jvB‡eªwi| Avwg †mRb¨ GKUz KzwÉZB wQjvg, ûgvqyb Kwei wQ‡jb Ic‡i| Avwg †`vZjvq bvg‡ZB GK f`ª‡jvK ej‡jb, ÔI Zzwg mybxj `vm| G‡mv, G‡mv, G‡mv|Õ Zvici wb‡q †M‡jb wb‡P, †`vZjvi N‡i| ïbwQ me nvmvnvwm, AvÇv Gme| `iRv Ly‡j Dwb ej‡jb, ÔG‡mv, G‡mv, †Zvgv‡K Avjvc Kwi‡q w`B|Õ Dwb `iRv Ly‡j wb‡q †M‡jb| Guiv me wewkó e¨w³ AvÇv gvi‡Qb| Avgv‡K †fZ‡i wb‡q wM‡q cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb| c‡i ûgvqyb Kwei Lye Lywk n‡q ej‡jb, ÔZzwg †Zv ev”Pv †Q‡j, Kx

91

K‡i cÖvBR †c‡j? Pzwi K‡i‡Qv?Õ Avwg ejjvg, ÔAvwg Kx K‡i Pzwi Ki‡ev? Avwg †Zv wkíx, PP©v K‡iwQ|Õ GKw`‡K †Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ †hZvg| euvk‡`ªvYx| dzUej †Lj‡Z †hZvg| Ab¨w`‡K Qwe AuvKZvg| ZLbKvi w`‡b Avgv‡`i wQ‡jv n¨vÛivBwUs g¨vMvwRb| GLb †Zv †bB| nv‡Z‡jLv g¨vMvwRb| †mUv ZË¡veavb KiZvg| cÖwZ cvZv †W‡Kv‡ikb KiZvg, Avjcbv AuvKZvg| cvZv¸‡jv‡K my›`i K‡i †W‡Kv‡ikb KiZvg| cvovi hviv KweZv wjL‡Zv, mvwnZ¨ Ki‡Zv, Zv‡`i ejjvg, ÔmevB †j‡Lv|Õ †m¸‡jv wb‡q K¤^vBÛ K‡i eo GKUv LvZv n‡jv| me KweZvi Pvicv‡k bKkv KiZvg| GUv cÖwZ evwo‡Z 15 w`b K‡i _vK‡Zv| gv‡b wk¶vi cÖPvi| wb‡R Drmvn †`Iqvi †Póv| †mRb¨ G-evwo I-evwo, I-evwo, G-evwo| gv‡mi ci gvm| mg¯— cvovq| GKUvB LvZv, me evwo‡Z Nyi‡Zv| mevB †`L‡Q, co‡Q| GLb Gme D‡V †M‡Q| †KD Gme K‡i bv| cvovi †Q‡j‡`i Drmvn wQ‡jv K¨vig †evW© †Ljv| GLb †Ljvi g‡a¨ K¨vig †evW©UvB †L‡j, evwK me D‡V †M‡Q| iv¯—vq †`L‡eb, mܨv n‡jB †`L‡Z cv‡eb, jvBU R¡‡j‡Q Avi K¨vig †Ljv Pj‡Q| Avi wKQy †L‡j bv| Z‡e Avgv‡`i GLv‡b, GB cvovq, †Q‡jiv wµ‡KU †L‡j, jvBU-UvBU R¡vwj‡q| cÖ‡Z¨K evwo‡Z jvBU R¡vjvq| †Ljvi Kw¤úwUkb P‡j| wµ‡KU Avi dzUej| ivw·ejv jvBU R¡vwj‡q †L‡j| cuvP-QUv wUg, bvbviKg Rvwm© c‡i †L‡j| cÖ‡Z¨K evwo †_‡K Pvi-cuvPUv ev”Pv Av‡m| †L‡j| Avwg Av‡iv K‡qKevi RvZxq cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQ, Z‡e †Nvovi Qwe Gu‡K bq, Ab¨ Qwe Gu‡K| GKUv weivU Qwe wQ‡jv Ñ `k dzU evB `k dzU| †iv‡Ukb Ae g¨vbKvBÛ| ZLb Ab¨iKg Qwe AuvKZvg| †Nvov cÖ_geviB †c‡qwQ| †Nvovi Qwe cuvP-Qq nvRvi Gu‡KwQ| †mUv Avgvi wmM‡bPvi wQ‡jv| ZLb A‡b‡K Avgv‡K wPb‡Zv| cvM‡ji g‡Zv AuvKZvg| ZLb mevB wPb‡Zv| ej‡Zv, Ômybxj, GB kwbevi Avgvi evwo‡Z †W‡gv‡b‡÷ªkb †`‡e| nvB-dvB †mvmvBwUi gwnjv‡`i WvK‡Zv| Zviv me †Pqv‡i, †mvdv‡Z e‡m Av‡Q| Avgv‡K ej‡Zv, Ômybxj, Zzwg j¨vR †_‡K Auv‡Kv †Zv|Õ Avwg AuvKZvg| ÔKZ `vg?Õ ÔGKk UvKv|Õ ÔB‡qm, GUv Avwg wKb‡ev|Õ ZLb GKk A‡bK UvKv| cÂvk eQi Av‡M| w`w`iv Avwjcy‡i me AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb wb‡q _vK‡Zv| Zuviv me g‡i †M‡Q GLb| wew”Qbœ n‡q †M‡Q †mme| GLv‡b †Zv †Nvov AuvKZvg| Zvici hLb divwm e„wË †cjvg, 1960 mv‡j, ZLb c¨vwim †Mjvg| ILv‡b ÔG‡Kvj `¨ †evRv‡U©Õ Qwe AuvKv wkLZvg| weL¨vZ AvU© K‡jR| G‡Kvj gv‡b ¯‹zj| †ev gv‡b my›`i| my›`i AvU©| eo eo weL¨vZ wkíx †kLv‡Zb| ILvb †_‡K †Mjvg †eov‡Z, wgDwRqvg †`L‡Z| †¯ú‡b| †gv‡U‡j _vKZvg m¯—vq| iv‡Î AvÇv w`w”Q| Mí Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Iiv hLb Rvb‡jv Avwg Qwe-Uwe AuvwK, ZLb ej‡jv, ÔhvI bv| eyjdvBU nq| eyjdvBU AuvK‡Z cv‡iv? †`‡L G‡mv|Õ Avwg ejjvg, Ô†Kv_vq?Õ ej‡jv, A‡bK RvqMvq nq, ev‡m©‡jvbv, gvw`ª`, U‡j‡Wv| ej‡jv, ÔAvgiv †Zvgv‡K e‡j †`‡ev †Kv_vq n‡”Q|Õ eyjdvBU †`L‡Z †hZvg| dvBwUs, Zvi Ici my›`i †Wªm| d¬¨vwg‡½v bvP‡Q| Avevi AuvK‡Z ïi“ Kijvg| wZb‡kv UvKvq wewµ n‡jv| divwm wZb‡kv UvKv| mvZw`‡bi Rb¨ wM‡qwQjvg| wZb gvm wQjvg| K‡qK nvRvi UvKvi Qwe wewµ K‡iwQ| Zvic‡i †mLvb †_‡K †hZvg wgDwRqvg †`L‡Z| ÷vwW KiZvg| Qwe

92

AuvKZvg| fv‡jvB wQjvg we‡`‡k| Lvivc bv| c¨vwi‡m wZb-Pvi eQi wQjvg| Avwg GKgvm mKvj 6Uv †_‡K we‡Kj 6Uv, AwWI-wfRy¨qv‡j divwm wk‡LwQjvg| eySjvg †h, bv, fvlv bv Rvb‡j wKQy Ki‡Z cvi‡ev bv| Avwg Mfb©‡g›U‡K ejjvg, ÔAvwg divwm wkL‡Z PvB|Õ Iiv ej‡jv, ÔwVK Av‡Q, Zzwg P‡j hvI Ñ GLv‡b cvi‡e bv| GLv‡b AwWI-wfRy¨qvjUv Ab¨iKg nq| Zzwg mvD_ Ae d«v‡Ý hvI|Õ mKvj 6Uv †_‡K we‡Kj 6Uv ch©š— divwm †kLv| AwWI-wfRy¨qvj| ILv‡b GKgvm wkLjvg| R‡ji g‡Zv divwm ejZvg| wjL‡Z-co‡Z cviZvg bv| ej‡Z cviZvg| gv‡b Lvevi jvB‡b `uvwo‡q GK †_‡K nvRvi gyL¯’ K‡i †d‡jwQjvg| Zvi cv‡k evsjvq wj‡L wbZvg| ZLb divwm ej‡Z ïi“ Kijvg| Zvici c¨vwim Rq K‡i †djjvg| c¨vwi‡m Qwe Gu‡K, divwm e‡j Avgvi mgq fv‡jv †K‡U‡Q| A‡bK RvqMvq Avgvi Gw·wekb n‡”Q, Qwe wewµ n‡”Q| AvB IqvR wKs Ae c¨vwim| Zvici Ggb n‡jv, hw` †KD Av‡m, BwÛqvb Ggevwm‡Z, ej‡Zv, ÔhvI mybxj `v‡mi Kv‡Q|Õ †h-B Avm‡Zv, Avgvi Kv‡Q cvwV‡q w`‡Zv| I gv, GKw`b ivwËi‡ejv G‡m †`wL Avgvi N‡i Av‡jv R¡j‡Q| Kx e¨vcvi? †`wL GK f`ª‡jvK ï‡q Av‡Qb| ÔAvcwb?Õ e‡jb, ÔBwÛqvb Ggevwm Avcbvi Kv‡Q cvwV‡q‡Q|Õ Ô†L‡q‡Qb?Õ ZLb ivZ AvovBUv ev‡R, Avwg AvÇv-dvÇv †g‡i wdiwQ| e‡jb, Ôbv|Õ ÔLvbwb? KLb G‡m‡Qb?Õ wZwb G‡m‡Qb mv‡o cuvPUvq, ZLb ev‡R AvovBUv| ejjvg, ÔPjyb, Pjyb|Õ Zuv‡K LvIqvjvg`vIqvjvg| wZwb Avï‡Zvl K‡j‡R covb| †Kv‡bv GKUv cov‡kvbv Kivi Rb¨ wM‡qwQ‡jb| K_v e‡j fv‡jvB jvM‡jv| Kx Ki‡Z Pvb ï‡b †mLv‡b wb‡q †Mjvg| DcKvi Kijvg Avi Kx| †KD ej‡jv, ÔAvwg Gi Rb¨ Ry‡Zv G‡bwQ| cvwV‡q w`‡Z n‡e| Kx K‡i cvVv‡ev?Õ ejjvg, ÔwVK Av‡Q, †i‡L hvI| cvwV‡q †`‡ev|Õ ZLb evUvi Kx GKUv Ry‡Zv wQ‡jv, Lye fv‡jv| e­¨vK Ry‡Zv| Gme †jv‡Ki DcKvi KiZvg| c¨vwi‡m A‡bK NUbv Av‡Q| m‡e †Zv ïi“| hvB †nvK| †gvUvgywU UvP K‡i ewj| c¨vwim †_‡K wd‡i PvKwi LuyR‡Z jvMjvg| PvKwi †Zv cvB bv| ZLb w`wj­ †Mjvg Gw·wekb Ki‡Z| mKvj‡ejv, †mUv wQ‡jv †iveevi w`b, mvb‡W| Avwg Qwe UvOvw”Q| GK f`ª‡jvK G‡jv| nvd c¨v›U civ, kU© †MwÄ| me Ny‡i-Ny‡i †`L‡Q| A‡bK Qwe| cÖvq 80-90Uv Qwe| †`‡L-†U‡L ej‡jb, Ôû BR `¨ AvwU©÷?Õ Avwg ejjvg †h, Avwg| wRÁvmv Ki‡jb, Ôw`R Avi di †mj?Õ Avwg ejjvg, Ônu¨v|Õ ej‡jv, ÔI‡K, AvB DBj evB Gfwiw_s|Õ f`ª‡jvK wKb‡jv me| ej‡jv, ÔAvgvi KvW©Uv iv‡Lv| AvB DBj †mÛ `¨ Kvi| AvdUvi GBU IÕK¬K| BD Kvg Uz gvB nvDm|Õ e‡j KvW©Uv w`‡jv| BZvwjqvb GgevmvWi, W. Kviviv bvg| I me wK‡b wb‡jv| †mB †`‡L cv‡ki N‡i †h Gw·wekb Ki‡Q AvwU©÷, †m †i‡M‡U‡M †evg| fxlY †i‡M †M‡jv| MvjvMvwj Ki‡Z jvM‡jv| Avwg Kx Ki‡ev| f`ª‡jv‡Ki cQ›` n‡jv Avgvi Qwe| wK‡b wb‡jv| A‡bK NUbv Av‡Q| Qwei RM‡Zi A‡bK NUbv Av‡Q| Avwg hLb cÖ_gevi RvZxq cyi¯‹vi cvB| mg¯— AvU© K‡j‡R QywU| DBw`b Av †m‡KÛ| Avb‡›`| Mfb©‡g›U K‡j‡Ri GKUv †ew` Av‡Q| weivU| †mLv‡b Avgv‡K ewm‡q gvjvdvjv w`‡”Q| me K‡jR †_‡K mevB P‡j G‡m‡Q AvwU©÷iv| me QvÎ| nBnB e¨vcvi n‡jv| †QvU‡ejv †Ljvayjv KiZvg| bvg wQ‡jv †Ljvayjvq| Qwe AuvKZvg| †`k-we‡`k †Nviv, GLv‡b †Nviv, ILv‡b †Nviv| I,

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fMœ cÖvmv` Kzwo‡q cvIqv AvgMv‡Qi †Mvov, 2007

ïK‡bv cvZvi Mvb emš— ivq †PŠayix ÔRvwb, nuvU‡e hLb ïK‡bv cvZv MvB‡e Mvb ˆa‡h©¨i cÖv‡Yi cÖmv‡` Rj I †ejdz‡j †jLv i‡e me AwZg‡›`ª gay‡Z gw›`‡i †fv‡i|Õ Ñ weòz wek¦vm ïK‡bv Wv‡j emv cvwLwUI Kzwo‡q cvIqv Wvjcvjv w`‡q ˆZwi| cv‡kB meyR Nv‡mi m‡½ jZvcvZv Rov‡bv| giv Kv‡V cÖv‡Yi ¯ú›`b Avgv‡`i Avkv RvMvq| †di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYxi Kv‡R cÖv‡Yi †LuvR †g‡j| wbweó c‡_i AbymÜv‡b wcÖqfvwlYx †kK‡oi †gŠbZvq wb‡Ri Mí Luy‡R cvb| Zuvi Kv‡R †kK‡oi gv‡S Av‡jvi Avevnb †hgb Av‡Q, Av‡Q †gŠbZv, AvZ©bv`, Q›`, Avb›`| Zuvi fv¯‹‡h© Avgiv †`wL evsjvi mij gvwU-gvby‡li Aeqe, gyw³‡hv×vi w¶cÖMwZ, gvby‡l gvby‡l eÜb, cÖK…wZ Avi gvby‡li mw¤§jb| cÖvYcÖvPz‡h© DrmvwiZ g„Z Kv‡Vi Mv‡q M‡o †Zvjv fw½‡K GKK_vq ejv P‡j wcÖqfvwlYxi hvcbg‡š¿i DrmviY| 1994 mv‡j †di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYx XvKvi †e½j M¨vjvwi Ae& dvBb AvU©‡m GKK cÖ`k©bxi gva¨‡g Zuvi KvR `k©K‡`i †`Lvb| Kzwo‡q cvIqv Mv‡Qi ¸uwo, Wvjcvjvi †fZ‡i †h-Aeqe Av‡Q Zuvi Kv‡R ZLb †mwU cvIqv hvq| fv¯‹‡h©i cÖ_vMZ Mo‡bi

94

wk‡ivbvgnxb †Zjis, 1999

†h-K_v ej‡Z wM‡qwQjvg, †mUv g‡b c‡o‡Q| PvKwi LuyRwQjvg, PvKwi cvB bv| †R wW UvBUjvi bv‡g GK f`ª‡jvK wQ‡jv| wm‡bgvI K‡iwQ‡jv| weªwUk, †R wW UvBUjvi| †m Qwe †`L‡Z G‡m‡Q, †`‡L-†U‡L Lye fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q| †m ej‡jv, ÔKx K‡iv?Õ ejjvg, ÔwKQy Kwi bv| Qwe AuvKwQ Avi PvKwi LuyRwQ|Õ ej‡jv, ÔKvg A¨vÛ R‡qb gvB ¯‹zj|Õ Ii GKUv ¯‹zj Av‡Q| ¯‹zjUvi bvg †R wW UvBUjvi ¯‹zj| †mLv‡b Avwg PvKwi Kijvg| Ii A¨vWvc‡UW mb wQ‡jv, †cvl¨cyÎ| fve‡Zv, eveviB †Zv ¯‹jz , ILv‡b G‡m AvÇv gvi‡Zv| Avgv‡`i m‡½I AvÇv gvi‡Zv| Avwg wUPvi| Ii bvg n‡”Q RM`xk UvBUjvi| I wgwb÷viwdwb÷vi n‡qwQ‡jv| GUv 1965 n‡Z cv‡i, wVK †Lqvj †bB, Z‡e lv‡Ui `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS n‡e| Avgv‡`i GKUv fv‡jv MÖ“c nq wM‡qwQ‡jv| †Rgm IqvUvb †bm‡ji WvB‡i±i| cÖZvc ivq| w`wj­‡Z _vK‡Zv, Avgvi AvU© m¤ú‡K© I‡`i Lye AvMÖn wQ‡jv, Kv‡RB Avgvi m‡½ eÜzZ¡ n‡q †Mj| w`wj­‡Z ZLb wW‡dÝ K‡jvwb ˆZwi n‡”Q| duvKv, †Lvjv| †jvKRb †bB †mLv‡b| Iiv evwo Ki‡Q, Avi d¬¨vU wb‡q‡Q| RM`xk UvBUjvi, mÄq MvwÜ, †Rmg IqvUvb, Avgiv me AvÇv gviZvg wW‡dÝ K‡jvwb‡Z| UvBUjvi‡`i ¯‹zjUv cykv †iv‡W wQ‡jv, GL‡bv Av‡Q| UvBUjvi Avi †bB| w`wj­‡Z _vKjvg, Zvici w`wj­‡Z Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM w`jvg| †MjvW© †i÷z‡i›U wQ‡jv, RvqMvUvi bvg †hb Kx? KbU †c­‡mi ILv‡b, Av‡M bvg wQ‡jv cvwjKv evRvi| Av‡M evRviUv wQ‡jv bv, †Lvjv gvV, IB gv‡V ivwˇi mgvR‡mev KiZvg| jvBU-UvBU jvwM‡q Mvb-evRbv, Kwd wewµ Kiv| IBme n‡Zv| Qwei Gw·wekb UvwO‡q IBme n‡Zv| †MjvW© †i÷z‡i‡›U ÷ªvBK n‡jv| I‡`i IqvK©vi‡`i wb‡q gywfs KwgDwbwU ïi“ Kijvg| gywfs Kwd| kwb-†iveevi cÖPzi †jvK Avm‡Zv| c‡i †QvU K‡i Ni ˆZwi n‡jv Ñ Pvj n‡jv, †`qvj n‡jv, Kwd-evi n‡q †M‡jv| Bw›`iv MvwÜ †mUv †f‡O w`‡jv Ggv‡R©wÝi mgq| Zvic‡i bvbv iKg Av‡›`vjb, gvivgvwi, Gme n‡Z Avi¤¢ Ki‡jv| Avwg A¨vc­vB Kijvg PvKwii Rb¨, †mUv n‡”Q DBfvm© mvwf©m †m›Uv‡i| Zvi mywcÖg em wQ‡jb cy¸j WvUv| gviv †M‡Qb| Gw`‡K wVK †mB mgq Avgvi w`wj­‡Z AvU© Gw·wekb nIqvi K_v Pj‡Q|

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cuvP Avwg †lvokx! gayiv †lvokx!! Ges c¨vwi‡m!!!

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fviZgvZv, 1935

113

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114

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of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain’ -Gi Rb¨ Rb

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cient blue light emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy saving white light source’-Gi Rb¨ AvKvmvwK,

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115

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wPÎ-4 : wRGdwc A Ae¯’v †_‡K A+ Ae¯’vq hvq Ges hLb A-†Z wd‡i Av‡m, ZLb Av‡jv wbtmiY nq (m~Î : †bPvi, 1997)

wPÎ-5 : GKwU wbKU‡¶Î AYyex¶Y h‡š¿i `„k¨

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wPÎ-2 : GKwU STED AYyex¶Y h‡š¿i `„k¨

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116

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120

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wPÎ-12 : gw¯—‡®‹i G‡›Uviwnb¨vj Ki‡U‡·i Ae¯’vb

wPÎ-13 : gw¯—‡®‹i G‡›Uviwnb¨vj Ki‡U‡· wMÖW †Kv‡li Ae¯’vb

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ˆZwi m¤¢e n‡”Q| imvqbweÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi ZviB ¯^xK…wZ| evsjvi Av‡iK MxwZKwe wj‡L‡Qb, ÔhLb `y‡PvLf‡i bvg‡e Auvavi, ZLb †hb †`wL...|Õ Auvav‡i †`Lvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Av‡jv Ges †m-Av‡jv hw` mv`v Av‡jv nq Zvn‡jB †`Lv n‡q I‡V ev¯—em¤§Z| jvMmB cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g Kgkw³ e¨envi K‡i Avgv‡`i †`Lvi ¶gZv evwo‡q w`‡q‡Qb huviv, †mB AvKvmvwK, Avgv‡bv Ges bvKvgyivi GjBwW cÖhyw³B G‡b w`‡q‡Q c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej ¯^xK…wZ| Avgiv Kxfv‡e Rvwb Avgiv †Kv_vq AvwQ? Kxfv‡e Avgiv GK¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨¯’v‡b hvIqvi c_ Lyu‡R cvB? †KB-ev †RvMvb †`q GB aviYvmÄvZ †eva? wRwcGm cÖhyw³ †h Avgv‡`i GKwU Aš—R©vZ mvg‡_©¨iB ewntcÖKvk, †mm‡ei DËi hviv Lyu‡R †ei K‡i‡Qb, †mB IÕwKd Ges †gvmviØq‡K †`Iqv n‡jv wPwKrmvweÁv‡b †bv‡ej ¯^xK…wZ| 2014 mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vicÖvß weÁvbx‡`i Avwe®‹vi AvMvgx w`‡b gvbeKj¨v‡Y †h wbiš—i Ae`vb †i‡L hv‡e, Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB|

Z_¨m~Î imvqbweÁvb 1. The Royal Swedish Academy of Science (RSAS), Press Release 8 Oct, 2014.

2. RSAS, Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014, Sweden.

3. Betzig, E, Proposed method for molecular Optical imaging. Optical Letters, 20 : 237-239, 1995.

4. Hell, S.W and Watchman, J, Breaking the Diffraction Resolution Limit by stimulated emission : STED, Optical Letters, 19 : 780-782, 1994.

5. Moerner, W. E and Kador, L, Optical Detection and Spectroscopy of single Molecules in a Solid. Physics Review Letters, 62 : 2535-2538, 1989.

wPÎFY : ivRKxq myBwWk weÁvb A¨vKv‡Wwg

c`v_©weÁvb 1. RSAS, Press Release, 7 October 2014, Sweden.

2. RSAS, Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2014, Sweden.

3. N Zheludev, The Life and Times of the LED - a 100 Years History, Nature Photonics, Vol-1, 2007

wPÎFY : ivRKxq myBwWk weÁvb A¨vKv‡Wwg|

wPwKrmvweÁvb 1. The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Press Release, 6 October 2014, Sweden.

2. Ole Kiehn and Hans Forssburg, Science Background : the Brain’s Navigational Place and Grid Cell System, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.

3. O’Keefe, J. Place Units in the Hippocampus of the Freely Moving Rat : Experiment Neurology, 51, 78-109, 1976.

4. Fyhn, M. Molden, S, Witter, M.P. Moser, E. I. Moser M. B. Spinal Representation in the Entortinal Cortex, Science, 305, 1258-1264, 2004.

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