Kali o Kalam September 2017 Issue

cÖ”Q`-cwiwPwZ

m~ wP c Î cÖ e Ü 15 iex›`ªbv‡_i †QvUMí : GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv l †gvi‡k` kwdDj nvmvb 21 hZxb miKvi Kx †j‡Lb, †Kb †j‡Lb? l m‡ivR †gv¯Ídv 118 †eMg AvKZvi Kvgv‡ji iex›`ªPP©v l mbrKzgvi mvnv 127 Ph©vc`-M‡elYvq gvBjdjK : bZzb Ph©vc` l gvneyeyj nK †Qv U M í 36 GKwU mvgvb¨ Ly‡bi LyuwUbvwU ev c~e©vci l my`k©b †mbkg©v 44 kvqjv gyimvwjb hLb GKv l mv‡jnv †PŠayix 50 †cÖg I cUf‚wg l nvmvb Awi›`g 54 hLb AÜKvi welYœZvq †X‡K †M‡Q c„w_ex l BKevj AvwRR A by ev ` M í 60 mvgwqK e¨vcvi l Sz¤úv jvwnwo/ Abyev` : Av‡bvqviæj nK

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íx Aveyj eviK& Avjfx G‡`‡ki wPÎwk‡íi wefvgq D`¨v‡b wewkó n‡q Av‡Qb cwikxwjZfv‡e cÖK…wZi AšÍwb©wnZ †mŠ›`h©-D‡b¥vP‡b| Zuvi m„wó hw`I AdzišÍ bq, ZeyI hv wZwb A¼b K‡ib, Zv‡Z GB wkíxgvbylwUi ü`‡qi Av‡eM bZzb gvÎv wb‡q D‡b¥vwPZ nq| cÖK…wZ I gvbyl Zuvi wcÖq welq| wZwb Avav weg~Z© I ev¯Íeev`x GB `yB aviv‡ZB h‡_ó cvi`wk©Zvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| cÖK…wZi †mŠ›`h©‡K wZwb bvbv AvKvi w`‡q‡Qb Zuvi m„wó‡Z Ges cÖK…wZi Abycy•L welqI Zuvi wP‡Îi welq n‡q I‡V| cÖK…wZi AšÍjx©b Av‡jvob Zuvi wP‡Î gh©v`vi m‡½ cÖwZdwjZ nq e‡j Zuvi m„wó‡K g‡b nq †ivgvw›UK| 1967 mv‡j KivwP‡Z wZwb weL¨vZ wcÖ›U †gKvi gvB‡Kj cÝ wW wjq‡bi ZË¡veav‡b QvcvB Qwe‡Z wkÿvMÖnY K‡ib| GBmgq †_‡K Zuvi QvcvB Qwe we‡klZ GwPs ï×wkí¸Ymgwš^Z n‡q I‡V| ev¯Íeev`x I weg~Z© GB aviv‡ZB wZwb KvR K‡ib| Aveyj eviK& Avjfx 1968 mv‡j PviæKjv Bbw÷wUDU †_‡K mœvZK wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib| 1972 mv‡j wZwb PviæKjv Bbw÷wUD‡U wcÖ›U †gwKs wefv‡M wkÿK wn‡m‡e †hvM †`b| 1983 mv‡j wZwb Rvcvb miKv‡ii e„wË wb‡q Rvcv‡bi ZvmyKzev wek¦we`¨vj‡q K‡¤úvwRkb, Kb÷ªvKkb, AvU© I wWRvB‡b Aa¨qb K‡ib| Rvcv‡b Aa¨qb GB wkíxi m„wói aviv‡Z I gvbmfze‡b GK cwieZ©b Av‡b, we‡klZ is I d‡g© bZzb Av‡eM ¯úw›`Z nq| Zuvi Rb¥ 1949 mv‡j cvebvq| cÖ”Q‡`i wPÎwU 1999 mv‡j A¨vwµwj‡K AuvKv| msMÖvnK †e½j dvD‡Ûkb|

kÖ ×v Ä wj 69 kvšÍby Kvqmvi l Avn‡g` gvIjv K we Zv 73-80 Avmgvb eBqv K_v Kq Rwgb eBqv †kv‡b... Ñ g‡bv‡gvnb `Ë l Avmv` †PŠayix/ D™£vwšÍi f‚Z l gvneye mvw`K/ ivM l Abyivav gnvcvÎ/ AbšÍ Av¸b l †iRvDwÏb ÷vwjb/ `y‡j I‡V D‡ëv b`x l nvwimyj nK/ nvwi‡Kb 11 l mywnZv myjZvbv/ Iiv P‡j hvq! l we`y¨r †`e/ Q›` cixÿv l †UvKb VvKzi/ cUzqv l iYwRr AwaKvix/ K…òKwji Ab¨ Rxeb : GKwU c`¨Mí l ZvRyj Bgvg A by ev ` K we Zv 81 ivqbvi gvwiqv wij‡K Ñ cybe©vi l c~e©vfvm : A‡jvKiÄb `vk¸ß/ cÖvK&K_b : ïfiÄb `vk¸ß/ KweZvi Abyev` : mgi ivq, myb›`v emy I ïfiÄb `vk¸ß 85 †WwfW †nvqvB‡Ui KweZv l Abyev` : Avb›`gqx gRyg`vi wP Î K jv 89 †kK‡o †R‡M I‡V cÖvY l †gvevwk¦i Avjg gRyg`vi 91 bxcvi Qwe : eY©-my‡i hvcb l gBbyÏxb Lv‡j` P j w”P Î 93 A¨vÛ †`b Iqvb †W : bvwmiDwÏb kvn : ˆeVwK Pv‡j Awf‡bZvi A›`ign‡ji PvweKvwV l Asïgvb †fŠwgK av iv ev wn K D c b¨v m 106 ¯§„wZi QvqvcvZ l kvnxb AvLZvi 110 wKm&mv e‡jb †kn&iRv‡` l iweksKi ej h vÎv 114 †jvKms¯‹…wZ : iƒcevb-Kvnb l mygbKzgvi `vk eBcÎ 131-136 Awgq †`e/ bIkv` Rvwgj/ KvRj ikx` kvnxb

†jLv cvVvevi I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv : m¤úv`K, Kvwj I Kjg, †e½j †m›Uvi, cøU-2, wmwfj Gwf‡qkb, wbD Gqvi‡cvU© †ivW, wLj‡¶Z, XvKv-1229, evsjv‡`k| †dvb : 09666773311, 09606773311| Kvwj I Kj‡g cvVv‡bv iPbvi m‡½ wVKvbv I †Uwj‡dvb b¤^i †`Iqvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv †Mj| †e½j cvewj‡Kkb&m wjwg‡U‡Wi c‡¶ Aveyj Lv‡qi KZ…K © Kzkj †m›Uvi, cøU­ 29, †m±i 3, DËiv Av/G, XvKv-1230 †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Ges Gg †K wcÖ›Uvm© A¨vÛ c¨v‡KwRs, 189/G †ZRMuvI wk/G, XvKv-1208 †_‡K gyw`ªZ| m¤úv`Kxq I evwYwR¨K Kvh©vjq : †e½j †m›Uvi, cøU 2, wmwfj Gwf‡qkb, wbD Gqvi‡cvU© †ivW, wLj‡¶Z, XvKv-1229| †dvb : + [880 2] 09666773311, 09606773311 B-†gBj : mail@kaliokalam.com| I‡qe : www.kaliokalam.com

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cÖKvkK Aveyj Lv‡qi m¤úv`KgÐjxi mfvcwZ Avwbmy¾vgvb m¤úv`K Aveyj nvmbvZ m¤úv`KgÐjx myeªZ eo–qv iæex ingvb jyfv bvwn` †PŠayix

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5 AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi GK D¾¡j bÿÎ Kwe mgi †mb, hw`I RbwcÖq Kwe‡`i ZvwjKvi g‡a¨ Zuvi Ae¯’vb nq‡Zv †Zgb GKUv Luy‡R cvIqv hvq bv| cÖfvZKzgvi `v‡mi GB iPbvwU‡Z KweZv cwÎKvi cÖm‡½ mgi †m‡bi f‚wgKv Ges Kwe wn‡m‡e Zuvi wmw× m¤ú‡K© AvMÖ‡nvÏxcK Av‡jvPbv Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q| AvaywbK KweZvi nw`m wb‡Z †M‡j mgi †mb †h †mLv‡b GK e¨wZµgx Kwe, Zv wbðqB A¯^xKvi Kiv hvq bv|

/kaliokalam

25 Jcb¨vwmK kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi iPbv wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ wKsev mswÿß Ñ †Kv‡bv †jLvB †Zgb `„ó nq bv GLbKvi Kv‡j| †m Kvi‡YB GB iPbvwUi Ab¨Zg f‚wgKv n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki GB we¯§„ZcÖvq K_vmvwnwZ¨‡Ki iPbv wel‡q GKv‡ji cvVK‡K AvMÖnx K‡i †Zvjv, Zuvi iPbvi GKwU eY©bvZ¥K cwiPq Zz‡j aiv| cÖeÜKvi g~jZ †m-KvRwUB K‡i‡Qb Zuvi GB eY©bvagx© iPbvq|

Avcbvi ¯§vU©‡dv‡b wKDAvi †KvW e¨envi Ki‡Z PvB‡j cÖ_‡gB ¸Mj †cø‡÷vi A_ev A¨vcj †÷vi †_‡K webvg~‡j¨i wKDAvi mdUIq¨vi (†hgb : I-NIGMA BARCODE SCANNER) Bb÷j Kiæb| Gici mdUIq¨viwU Pvjy Kiæb Ges Avcbvi †gvevBj †dv‡bi K¨v‡giv Ab K‡i wKDAvi †Kv‡Wi Ici a‡i _vKzb| Gi d‡j wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨ Avcwb Kvwj I Kjg A¨vc WvDb‡jv‡Wi wVKvbvq †cuŠ‡Q hv‡eb|

100 Avwd«Kvi mvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡K© B`vbxs †h AvMÖn I JrmyK¨ m„wó n‡q‡Q c„w_ex Ry‡o Zvi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z wPbyqv Av‡P‡ei Dcb¨vm m¤ú‡K© Gjnvg †nv‡mb wj‡L‡Qb GB cwiwPwZ I we‡kølYg~jK cÖeÜwU| bvB‡Rixq GB Jcb¨vwm‡Ki cÖ_g eBwU †ewi‡qwQj 1958 mv‡j, bvB‡Rwiqvi ¯^vaxbZvi Av‡M| Zuvi iPbvi welqe¯‘, Avwd«Kvb †jLK‡`i wPšÍv‡PZbvi RMr Ges Zuv‡`i fvebvi wKQy mÜvb G iPbvwU‡Z A‡bKLvwb cvIqv hv‡e|

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avbZ eyׇ`e emyi AvMÖ‡n Ges †bZ…‡Z¡ ïay KweZvi Rb¨ gyw`ªZ KweZv bv‡g ˆÎgvwmK cwÎKvi Rb¥K_v wZwb bvbv Dcj‡ÿ wee„Z K‡i‡Qb| †mKv‡j gvwmK cwÎKvq mvaviYfv‡e KweZvi ¯’vb wQj c`cÖvwšÍK| cÖevmxi g‡Zv cwÎKv‡ZI Bw †g‡c KweZv Qvcvi welqwU we‡ewPZ n‡Zv| ÔBwÂ-K…cY cv`c~iYKvix Ae¯’v †_‡KÕ KweZv‡K m¤§vbRbKfv‡e me©mg‡ÿ Zz‡j ai‡ZB KweZvi Rb¥| eyׇ`e ZLbKvi mvgwqK cwÎKvq KweZvi gy`ªY wel‡q gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb : Ô1931-32-Gi KjKvZvq fv‡jv cwÎKv A‡bK wQj wKš‘ Ggb †Kv‡bv cwÎKv wQj bv hvi ga¨ w`‡q KweZv nÕ‡Z cv‡i we‡klfv‡e cÖKvwkZ I cÖPvwiZ I imÁR‡bi `„wó‡MvPi|Õ †hRb¨ cieZx©Kv‡j, eyׇ`e wbZvšÍ Ô†Ljv”Q‡jBÕ M„nxZ †mw`‡bi †mB D‡`¨vM wel‡q Rvwb‡q‡Qb : Ô†Kv‡bv m¤^j ev Av‡qvRb wQ‡jv bv; †`Lv hvK bv Kx nq Ñ GB †Mv‡Qi g‡bi fve wb‡q Avi¤¢ n‡jv|Õ †m-cwÎKvi cÖwZôv-c‡e© huviv hy³ n‡qwQ‡jb, ïay eq‡mi w`K †_‡K bq, D`xqgvb Kwe wn‡m‡eI mgi †m‡bi g‡Zv †Kv‡bv Ae©vPxb Kwei bvg| eis QvÎ wn‡m‡e K…Zx mgi AvB.G. covi mgq ¯‹wUk PvP© K‡j‡Ri g¨vMvwR‡b †gŠwjK Bs‡iwR KweZv wj‡L wKsev AvšÍtwek¦we`¨vjq QvÎQvÎx‡`i kÖxnl© cwÎKvq †gŠwjK evsjv KweZv wj‡L eÜz‡`i Kv‡Q wKQy cwiwPwZ †c‡qwQ‡jb| †mUv 1933 mv‡ji K_v| cieZx© eQ‡i Avevi ¯‹wU‡ki g¨vMvwR‡b Bs‡iwR KweZv cÖKvwkZ n‡jI Ñ c~eŸ©vkv cwÎKvi (KvwZ©K 1341) wj‡LwQ‡jb ÔwbtkãZvi Q›`Õ Ges ÔGKwU ivwÎi myiÕ (kÖveY 1342)| GB hrmvgvb¨ K…Zxi evB‡i D‡jøL¨ ¯‹wUk PvP© K‡j‡Ri PZz_© e‡l©i K‡qKRb mncvVx eÜz‡K m‡½ wb‡q Uz †W bv‡g GKwU Bs‡iwR cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki ga¨ w`‡q m¤úv`bvK‡g© bwewki m~ÎcvZ| GiKg GKRb m`¨Z‡bi cÖ_gvewa KweZvi g‡Zv GKwU `„óvšÍ¯’vcbKvix cwÎKvi m‡½ hy³ nIqvi NUbv wbtm‡›`‡n D‡jøL‡hvM¨| Ô1934-G MÖx®§Kv‡j `viæY gg©‡e`bv †_‡K wb®‹…wZÕ †c‡Z AvVv‡iv eQi eq‡mi mgi, †m-mg‡qi weZwK©Z Kwe eyׇ`‡ei igv †iv‡W †Mvjvg gn¤§` g¨vbm‡bi d¬¨v‡U Dcw¯’Z n‡q‡Qb, D‡Ïk¨ e›`xi e›`bv Kve¨MÖ‡š’i K‡qKwU ¯^K…Z Bs‡iwR Abyev` m¤ú‡K© Zuvi AwfgZ Rvbv| †mw`‡bi mvÿvrKv‡ii weeiY w`‡q‡Qb cÖwZfv emy : ÔAvwg ZLb †mLv‡b GKvšÍ bZzb gvbyl| wbe©vK `k©K wn‡m‡e hv †`‡LwQ Zv n‡jv evOvwji Zzjbvq, AZ¨waK dm©v is, D¾¡j †PvL, Zxÿèbvmv GK eyw×`xß †Pnvivi ZiæY; GK wbe©vK †kÖvZv wn‡m‡e hv ï‡bwQ Zv n‡jv, Zuvi Bs‡iwR ZR©gv I iPbvi D‰”Pt¯^‡i cÖksmviZ GK ¸YMÖvnx hye‡Ki Awbw›`Z Kɯ^i| eyׇ`e Zuv‡K evsjv iPbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡ivwPZ Ki‡jb| Zvi mv_©KZv wel‡q hyw³Z‡K©i Rvj we¯Ívi Ki‡jb|Õ Zuv‡`i GB hyMj-m‡¤§jb wel‡q wZwb Av‡iv gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb : ÔKweZv cwÎKvi mnKgx© wn‡m‡e eyׇ`e wb‡Ri m‡½ hy³ n‡Z huv‡K huv‡K wbe©vPb ev Avgš¿Y K‡iwQ‡jb, Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ mgi †mbB wQ‡jb †hvM¨ mnKgx©| GKvZ¥ n‡q hvevi g‡Zv †gRvR ïay mg‡iiB wQ‡jv|Õ GB mvÿvrKvi wel‡q mgi †mb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, †mw`‡bi AvMš‘K hyeK‡K

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eyׇ`e cÖkœ K‡iwQ‡jb Ñ KweZv †j‡Lb wKbv| cieZx© mvÿv‡Zi mgq mg‡ii K‡qKwU †jLv c‡o †mw`‡bi m`¨ ZiæY‡K Dc‡`k w`‡qwQ‡jb, ÔwbqwgZ Q‡›`i †Póv †Q‡o M`¨ Q‡›` †h‡Z|Õ †mB cÖ_g w`‡bi mvÿvr wel‡q eyׇ`e c‡i ¯§„wZPviY K‡i‡Qb : ÔGK MÖx‡®§i mKv‡j Avgvi N‡i G‡jv GKwU ÿxYv½ †Q‡j Ñ cÖvq evjK, m‡e cv w`‡q‡Q †hŠe‡b Ñ Mv‡qi is nj‡`‡Nulv dm©v, †Vuv‡U †Muv‡di Qvqv, †Pv‡L Pkgv, Mv‡j GKUv eª‡Yi Dci GK †duvUv Pzb jvMv‡bv| wKQygvÎ f‚wgKv bv-KÕ‡i ej‡jv ÔAvwg Avcbvi ÔkvcåóÕ KweZvi GKUv Bs‡iwR K‡iwQ Ñ Avcwb †`L‡eb?Õ cvÐzwjwc‡Z Zvi bvg †`Ljvg mgi †mb, wVKvbv †envjvq `x‡bkP›`ª †m‡bi evwo| ¯‹wUk Pv‡P© AvB.G. co‡Q, `x‡bk †mb Zuvi `v`y nb Ñ Avgvi cÖ‡kœi Dˇi ms‡ÿ‡c GB `ywU Z_¨ Rvwb‡q †m gyn~Z©Kvj c‡i we`vq wb‡jv| ZR©gvwU cÕ‡o PgK jvM‡jv Avgvi Ñ GZ Aí eqm, A_P Bs‡iwR fvlvq Zvi `Lj Amvgvb¨, KweZvi w`‡K g‡bi Uvb Av‡Q †evSv hvq|Õ eyׇ`e GZUvB Awff‚Z n‡qwQ‡jb, †jLvUv wZwb gy¤^vB‡qi bZzb-†e‡iv‡bv Iwi‡q›U cwÎKvq cvwV‡q w`‡j m¤úv`K †mwU mgv`ic~e©K MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| c‡i, Zuvi K‡qKwU †gŠwjK evsjv KweZv †`‡L, Zuvi Q‡›`i nvZ U‡jvg‡jv ey‡S eyׇ`e M`¨KweZv †jLvi civgk© †`b| Gici KweZv cwÎKv m~Pbvi mgq wb‡q G‡mwQ‡jb Zuvi †jLv cÖ_g M`¨KweZv¸”Q Ñ cybði c‡i evsjv fvlvq M`¨KweZv Rv‡Z D‡V‡Q ZZw`‡b| eyׇ`‡ei g‡Z, Ôivexw›`ªK †ivgvw›UKZvi †mB †kl gayi †mŠi‡f-fiv `xN©k¦vm, AvR‡Ki w`‡b A‡b‡KiB hv AšÍi½|Õ mgi †m‡bi m‡½ eyׇ`‡ei m‡L¨i †mLv‡bB ïiæ| A_P eyׇ`‡ei e›`xi e›`bv c‡o mgi †m‡bi aviYv n‡qwQj, †m-Kv‡e¨i Kwe n‡eb Ôewjô, `xN© `„ßKÉ gvbylÕ Ñ cÖ_gevi eyׇ`e‡K †`‡L mgi wew¯§Z n‡qwQ‡jb| G-ai‡bi ÔGKwU KweZvme©¯^Õ cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki B”Qv eyׇ`e jvjb K‡iwQ‡jb cwiP‡qi GK ˆeV‡K Abœ`vk¼‡ii nv‡Z n¨vwi‡qU gb‡iv-¯’vwcZ wkKv‡Mv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ †cv‡qwUª †`‡L| cÖvq Pvi eQi c‡i †mwU ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡jv, Zuvi †m-mgqKvi NwbôZg mvwnwZ¨K eÜz †cÖ‡g›`ª wg·K m‡½ wb‡q, cÖavb Drmvn`vZv weòz †` I mgi †m‡bi mvnP‡h©| †m-cwiKíbv iƒcvq‡Y cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vi ¯§„wZPviY K‡i‡Qb eyׇ`e : ÔcuvP UvKv KÕ‡i Puv`v w`‡jb Kwe‡`i g‡a¨ `y-wZbRb| Avgvi AmvwnwZ¨K eÜz c¼z cvVv‡jv w`wjø †_‡K `y-wKw¯Í‡Z `k UvKv; ivYyi cÖwZ †mœnkxjv GK abx gwnjv Avgv‡`i dv‡Û Av‡iv `k UvKv †hvM Ki‡jb| Qvcv‡bv nÕ‡jv wPwV †jLvi KvMR †jdvdv BZ¨vw`, wWwKbmb †Kv¤úvwbi DrK…ó wewjwZ A¨vw›UK †Kbv nÕ‡jv| Avgvi Aby‡iv‡ai Dˇi mK‡jB †jLv cvVv‡jb| Awbj Gu‡K w`‡jv wKDwe÷ Quv‡` wekvj Aÿ‡i gjvU-wPÎ, GKRb †`‡L ej‡jb, Ô†c‡e‡Ki g‡ZvÕ; †Q‡c w`‡jb c~e©vkv †cÖ‡m mÄq-mZ¨cÖmbœ webvg~‡j¨| Ggwb KÕ‡i A‡bK avÎxi cwiPh©vq, njy` gjv‡U Pwjøk c„ôvq weÁvcbnxb, Rb¥ wb‡qwQ‡jv Avgv‡`i ˆÎgvwmK ÔKweZvÕ Ñ GK Avwk¦‡bi w`‡b fevbxcy‡ii Mwji g‡a¨ †mB GKZjvq...|Õ eZ©gvb D×…wZ‡Z AmvwnwZ¨K eÜz c¼z Ñ Zuvi eÜz c¼R `vk¸ß, Awbj A_©vr Awbj fÆvPvh©, XvKvi eÜz, wkíx| Avi ÔivYyi cÖwZ †mœnkxjv GK abx gwnjvÕ m¤ú‡K© cwiPq Rvbv hvq cÖwZfv emyi ¯§„wZPviYvq : ÔPuv`v Zz‡j UvKv †RvMv‡oi eyw×Uv Kvi †mUv g‡b †bB, Z‡e cÖ_g Puv`vUv †h AvwgB Zz‡jwQjvg †mUv fzwjwb| †mB `vwR©wjs‡qi gvqvgvwmgvB (gvqv emy : wPËiÄb `v‡ki åvZz®úyÎx) w`‡qwQ‡jb| Puv`vi nvi cuvP UvKv; c‡b‡iv UvKv †Zv D‡VB †Mj| Kx d‚wZ© mK‡ji| evwo †f‡m †Mj my‡Li

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†Rvqv‡i| mvܨ AvÇvUv †Rviv‡jv nj| †kl ch©šÍ cuqwÎk UvKv Puv`v DV‡ZB ïiæ n‡q †Mj KvR|Õ ÔcuvP UvKv K‡i w`‡q ÔKweZvÕi m~ÎcvZÕ Ñ mgi †mbI e‡j‡Qb| cieZx©Kv‡j GKwU Bs‡iwR †jLvq wZwb ¯§„wZPviY K‡i‡Qb : ÔTwenty-seven years ago, five poets decided to bring not a Bengali poetry quarterly Ñ the first in India Ñ and each, after much deliberation, contributed five rupees to the publication fund. They were : Buddha Dev Bose, Bishnu Dey, Premendra Mitra, Ajit Datta and this writer. Even today it is not Ñ the average per capita monthly income in India is less than that.’ †ZwÎk cvZv KweZv Ges mvZ cvZvi m¤úv`Kxq wbeÜ Ñ †gvU Pwjøk cvZvi weÁvcbnxb ÿxYKvq ˆÎgvwm‡Ki cÖ_g msL¨v cÖKvwkZ nq eyׇ`‡ei ZLbKvi fevbxcy‡ii A¯’vqx evm¯’v‡bi wVKvbv 12 †hv‡Mk wgÎ †ivW †_‡K| m¤úv`K `yRb, eyׇ`e emy, †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ; mnKvix m¤úv`K Ñ eyׇ`‡ei †_‡K AvU eQi e‡qvKwbô mgi †mb| msL¨vwU cÖKv‡ki ci eyׇ`e KjKvZvi myaxgn‡j Ñ mvwnwZ¨K, mvwnZ¨iwmK Aa¨vcK QvovI Zuvi e¨w³MZfv‡e †Pbv, gyL‡Pbv GiKg RbvKzwo bvMwi‡Ki Kv‡Q evnK gvidZ cvwV‡q Ôiæ×k¦vm cÖZxÿvÕi dj Kx n‡qwQj Zvi weeiY w`‡q wj‡L‡Qb : Ô†Q‡jwU wd‡i G‡jv evwo-evwo Ny‡i we‡Kj‡ejvq Zvi †Pnviv K¬všÍ, iægv‡j euvav UvKv wmwK-Avaywji ¯Í‚c| Avð‡h©i welq, cÖvq mKj‡KB evwo‡Z cvIqv wM‡qwQj, cÖvq mK‡jB cvwV‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb nv‡Z nv‡Z evwl©K Puv`v †`o UvKv Ñ ZLbKvi gv‡c †mUv‡K Lye Zz”Q ejv hvq bv|Õ mg‡ii Ici `vwqZ¡ c‡o wQj Gmcøv‡bW ÷‡j `kwU Kwc †cuŠ‡Q †`Iqvi Ñ cÖ_g `k©‡b ÷jIqvjv mskq cÖKvk K‡iwQj Ñ IUzKz cwÎKv Q-Avbv w`‡q †K wKb‡e Ñ `y-w`b c‡iB Zviv Av‡iv `k Kwc †P‡q wbj| ïay ZvB bq, cÖ_g msL¨v †`‡L, †h-mKj eÜz ZLb KjKvZvi evB‡i, GgbwK eÜzi eÜziv Ñ bvbv cwiwPwZi m~Î a‡i huviv MÖvnK n‡qwQ‡jb, Zuv‡`i me©‡gvU msL¨v mËi| GB m‡`¨v™¢‚Z cwiPqnxb cwÎKvq huviv cÖ_g MÖvnK n‡jb †mB AhvwPZ I ARvwbZ e¨w³eM© cÖvq mK‡jB wnRwj ev †`Dwjwbevmx ivRew›`| GB MÖvnK-msMÖn Awfhvb m‰e©e myLKi nqwb Ñ ZviI eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb cÖwZfv emy : ÔGu‡K Iu‡K †Lvmv‡gv` K‡i `y-PviRb‡K

GKwU KweZvme©¯^Õ cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki B”Qv eyׇ`e jvjb K‡iwQ‡jb cwiP‡qi GK ˆeV‡K Abœ`vk¼‡ii nv‡Z n¨vwi‡qU gb‡iv-¯’vwcZ wkKv‡Mv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ †cv‡qwUª †`‡L| cÖvq Pvi eQi c‡i †mwU ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡jv, Zuvi †m-mgqKvi NwbôZg mvwnwZ¨K eÜz †cÖ‡g›`ª wg·K m‡½ wb‡q, cÖavb Drmvn`vZv weòz †` I mgi †m‡bi mvnP‡h©|

MÖvnK Kiv, GK GKwU msL¨v cÂvk cqmvq wewµ Kiv, GB me `ytLgq AwfÁZvi m‡½ Avgvi Avi eyׇ`‡ei g‡Zv GKgvÎ mg‡iiB msmªe wQj| g‡b Av‡Q gvÎ wZbRb †µZvi g‡a¨ Avgvi weev‡ni c~‡e© cwiwPZ GKRb abx †µZv mgi‡K GKwU APj Avaywj w`‡q wQ‡jb| ivZ ev‡ivUv ch©šÍ e‡m wZbgv_v GKÎ K‡i fvev n‡jv AvaywjUv Zuvi Kv‡Q wM‡q e`‡j Avbv msMZ n‡e wKbv| GKUv Avaywji `vg †Zv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q e‡ov †mvRv bq, A‡bK| †kl ch©šÍ mgi ivq w`j, Ôbv, Avi †Kv‡bvw`b Gi Kv‡Q hv‡ev bv, Gu‡K Avgiv gb †_‡K †Qu‡U †djjvg|Õ eyׇ`e †PuwP‡q nvZZvwj w`‡q e‡j DV‡jb, ÔPgrKvi decision Ñ bvn& mg‡ii g‡Zv nq bv| ivRy Avevi ivM Ki‡j bv †Zv? †Zvgvi eÜz|Õ AvU Avbvi ÿwZ †mB mܨvq Avgv‡`i my‡Li cÖZxK n‡q iBj|Õ Av‡jvP¨ D×…wZi mvgvb¨ cÖgv` ms‡kvab‡hvM¨ Ñ cÖ_g msL¨vi g~j¨ wQj AvU Avbv bq, Q-Avbv|

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KweZvi cÖ_g msL¨v ïiæ n‡qwQj †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎi KweZv w`‡q, Ñ wKš‘ eq‡mi Zzjbvq A‡bKUvB ¸iæZ¡ †c‡qwQ‡jb ZiæYZg mgi †mb| Zuvi KweZv PviwUi wk‡ivbvg : Amor stands upon you, gyw³, ¯§„wZ, †cÖg| †cÖ‡g›`ª, eyׇ`e, weòzi c‡iB Zuv‡K ¯’vb w`‡q eyׇ`e nq‡Zv wKQyUv cÿcvZ K‡iwQ‡jb Ñ †Kbbv, cieZx© Kweiv h_vµ‡g mÄq fÆvPvh©, Rxebvb›` `vk, AwRZKzgvi `Ë, cÖYe ivq, ¯§„wZ‡kLi Dcva¨vq, †ngP›`ª evMPx Ñ huviv cÖvq mK‡jB GK-GKwU cwiwPZ bvg| cwÎKvi m¤úv`bvi Kv‡R eyׇ`e cÖ_‡gB hy³ K‡ib †cÖ‡g›`ª wg·K| Zvici mgi‡K mnKvix wn‡m‡e †bIqvi K_v Rvbvb †cÖ‡g›`ª‡K| cieZx©Kv‡j †cÖ‡g›`ª wj‡L‡Qb : ÔK_vI nj GKw`b| †kl eq‡mI Iu‡K huviv †`‡L‡Qb Zuviv jÿ K‡i‡Qb Ii wfZ‡i †Kv_vI GKUv ZviæY¨ wQj, `xwß wQj Ñ †mUv GKvËi eQ‡iI nvivqwb| gRvi K_v GB, cÖ_g hLb I KweZv wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡i ZLb eqm †h Ii AZ Kg †mUv †hgb †evSvi Dcvq wQj bv †Zgwb Avevi mwZ¨ A‡bK eqm n‡q‡Q ZLb Ii †jLv c‡o †evSv †hZ bv †h eqm AZ †ewk| †fZ‡i †fZ‡i GB m‡ZR fve Ñ hv‡K ejv hvq g‡bi ZviæY¨, me mgq Ii wQj|Õ D‡jøL¨, cÖ_g msL¨vq GKgvÎ M`¨ m¤úv`Kxq iPbvi wk‡ivbvg Ñ ÔKweZvq `y‡e©va¨ZvÕ, A¯^vÿwiZ †mB wbeÜwU wj‡LwQ‡jb Ab¨Zi m¤úv`K eyׇ`e emy| GKUv welq we‡klfv‡e jÿ Kivi, ZLbKvi †h-†Kv‡bv cÎcwÎKvi cÖ_g msL¨vwUi cwiKíbvq iex›`ªbv_‡K ev` †`Iqv †hgb AKíbxq n‡jI Ñ eyׇ`e `ytmvnwmK cÖqvm †`wL‡q RMwØL¨vZ Kwe¸iæi kiYvcbœ nbwb| Z‡e eyׇ`e-wjwLZ Ôm¤úv`KxqÕ iPbvi Aóg Aby‡”Q‡` cÖvmw½Kfv‡e iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖm½ DÌvcb K‡iwQ‡jb : Ôevsjv‡`‡k KweZv huviv c‡ob, Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ g‡b-g‡b Ñ wK KL‡bv-KL‡bv cÖksmbxq cÖKvk¨Zvq Ñ iex›`ªbv‡_i PvB‡Z w؇R›`ªjvj, m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ wK bRiæj Bmjvg‡K A‡bK †ewk cQ›` K‡ib| †Kbbv †k‡lv³ Kwe‡`i iPbvi GKUv wbw`©ó ÔwelqÕ Av‡Q, Zv ¯úó I ¯úk©mn, Zvi †evaMg¨Zv eyw×mv‡cÿ| Avgvi e³‡e¨i Avi-GKUv g¯Í cÖgvY GB †h, iex›`ªbv‡_i mg¯Í Kve¨MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ Avgv‡`i †`‡k K_v I Kvwnbxi cÖPviB eûjZg; †Kbbv †mLv‡b Av‡Q mywbw`©ó welq, Av‡Q †evaMg¨Zv|Õ wKš‘ cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki c‡i, Clr f‡q-f‡q iex›`ªbv_‡K cÖ_g msL¨v cvwV‡q ÔkÖxPi‡YlyÕ m‡¤^va‡b eyׇ`e wjL‡jb (30.09.35) : ÔAvgiv GKwU KweZv cÎ evi K‡iwQ Ñ Zvi cÖ_g msL¨v AvR Avcbv‡K cvVvjvg| GKUv wRwbm Avcbvi

†Pv‡L co‡eB Ñ G-msL¨vi AwaKvsk KweZvB M‡`¨| cybð‡Z Avcwb †h-M`¨ Q‡›`i cÖeË©b K‡i‡Qb, Zv wewfbœ Kwei nv‡Z wewfbœ iKg iƒc wb‡q evsjv KweZvq ¯’vqx nÕ‡Z P‡j‡Q e‡j g‡b nq| Avgvi wb‡Ri wek¦vm, fwel¨‡Z evsjv KweZv c‡`¨ hZLvwb †jLv n‡e M‡`¨ Zvi Kg bq| Gi Aeva gyw³ Ñ Ges gyw³i m‡½ m‡½ AwZ m~² Zvj I gvÎv A‡bK‡KB AvKl©Y Ki‡e|Õ Gici GB m~Î a‡iB wZwb m`¨Zb mg‡ii wel‡q mcÖksm gšÍe¨ Rvwb‡q wjL‡jb : ÔGKRb Kwei iPbv AvgivB cÖ_g cÖKvk Kijvg Ñ mgi †mb| Gui †QvU-†QvU KweZv¸‡jv Avgvi wb‡Ri Lye fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q| Gui e‡qm Aí, mvwnZ¨ †ÿ‡Î Bwb GLb ch©šÍ AcwiwPZ Ñ wKš‘ Gui iPbvi Ggb GKwU we‡kl ¯^KxqZv Av‡Q hv‡Z Gui m¤^‡Ü g¯Í Avkv †cvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|Õ ÔKj¨vYx‡qlyÕ m‡¤^va‡b iex›`ªbv_ wZbw`‡bi gv_vq, 3 A‡±vei 1935 DËi w`‡jb, Ôg¯Í GKLvbv Zz‡jvU KvM‡Ri GwcV-IwcV fwZ©Õ Awb›`¨-my›`i n¯Ívÿ‡i| c‡Îi cÖ_gvs‡k wZwb wjL‡jb : Ô†Zvgv‡`i ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvwU c‡o we‡kl Avb›` †c‡qwQ| Gi cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K iPbvi g‡a¨B ˆewkó¨ Av‡Q| mvwnZ¨-ev‡ivqvwii `j-euvav †jLvi g‡Zv nqwb| e¨w³MZ ¯^vZš¿¨ wb‡q cvV‡Ki m‡½ Giv cÖvq b~Zb cwiPq ¯’vcb K‡i‡Q| Aíw`b Av‡M ch©šÍ †`‡LwQ evsjvq M`¨Q‡›`i KweZv Avcb ¯^vfvweK PvjwU AvqË Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| KZKUv wQj †hb eûKvj LuvPvq e›`x cvwLi Avoó †Póv| M`¨Q‡›`i ivR‡Z¡ AvcvZ`„wó‡Z †h ¯^vaxbZv Av‡Q h_v_©fv‡e Zvi gh©v`v iÿv KwVb| e¯‘Z mKj †ÿ‡ÎB ¯^vaxbZvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb `yiƒn| evYxi wbcyY-wbqwš¿Z S¼vi †h †gvn m„„wó K‡i Zvi mnvqZv A¯^xKvi K‡iI cvV‡Ki g‡b Kve¨im mÂvi Ki‡Z we‡kl Kjv‰ef‡ei cÖ‡qvRb jv‡M| e¯‘Z M‡`¨ c`¨Q‡›`i Kviæwkí †KŠk‡ji †eov †bB †`‡L Kjg‡K Abvqvm †`Šo Kivevi mvnm AevwiZ nevi Avk¼v Av‡Q| Kve¨fviZxi AwaKv‡i †mB ¯úa©v KL‡bvB cyi¯‹…Z n‡Z cv‡i bv| Abvqv‡mi AvMvQv fiv R½j‡K Kve¨¸Ä e‡j Pvwj‡q †`qv Am¤¢e| †Zvgiv duvov Gwo‡q †MQ|Õ Av‡jvP¨ c‡Îi DËi As‡k cÖ_g msL¨vi K‡qKRb ev‡` Ab¨ Kwe‡`i µgvbymvix D‡jø‡L cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ gšÍe¨ Ki‡jb| mgi †mb m¤ú‡K© wZwb Rvbv‡jb : ÔKweZv KqwU‡Z M‡`¨i iƒpZvi wfZi w`‡q Kv‡e¨i jveY¨ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| mvwn‡Z¨ Gi †jLv U¨vKmB n‡e e‡j g‡b n‡”Q|Õ e¯‘Zc‡ÿ, iex›`ªbv‡_i GB mgv‡jvPbvq AvcøyZ eyׇ`e, c‡ii c‡Î wjL‡jb (16.10.35) : Ômgi †m‡bi KweZv Avcbvi fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q †R‡b we‡kl Kvi‡Y Lywk njvg| Gi e‡qm Aí, wjL‡Qb Aíw`b a‡i, wKš‘ Gui KweZv cÖ_g †`‡LB Avgvi g‡b n‡qwQ‡jv evsjv M`¨ Q‡›` m¤ú~Y© bZzb GKwU myi Bwb a‡i‡Qb| ZvQvov †hUv cÖK…Z Kve¨-e¯‘, ZviI Afve †bB| Gui cwiPq w`‡j Avcwb wPb‡eb, Bwb W±i `x‡bk †m‡bi †cŠÎ I kÖxhy³ AiæY †m‡bi cyÎ| GL‡bv Gui QvÎve¯’v, Ges QvÎ wn‡m‡eI Bwb cqjv b¤^‡ii|Õ cÖ_g msL¨v KweZv cwÎKvi GKwU mgv‡jvPbv cÖKvwkZ nq 1936-Gi 9 †deªæqvwi UvBg cwÎKvi (35 el© 1775 bs) mvwnZ¨ †µvoc‡Î| A¯^vÿwiZ †mB m¤úv`Kxq cÖeÜwUi †jLK †m-mgqKvi GKgvÎ †k¦Zv½, whwb evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i PP©v K‡i _v‡Kb Ñ bvg GWIqvW© Ugmb| Zuvi †jLv iPbvi wk‡ivbvg : ÔA Land Made for Poetry : Now India’s Hopes and FearsÕ| mgv‡jvPbvq Ugmb †cÖ‡g›`ªi c‡iB mgi m¤ú‡K© †h-gšÍe¨ K‡ib, eyׇ`‡ei Abyev‡` †mwUi Ask : ÔAvi-GKwU KweZv, Zvi †jLK kÖxhy³ mgi †mb, wk‡ivbv‡g aviY Ki‡Q kÖxhy³ GRiv cvD‡Ûi Amor stands upon you : ... GRiv cvDÛ, wU. Gm. GwjqU, Av‡iv GKR‡bi bvg GB ZiæY wn›`y

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Kwe‡`i Dci Qvqv †d‡j‡Q Ñ wW.GBP. j‡iÝ| G‡`i cÖfve †h m¤ú~Y©B gyw³ G‡b‡Q, Zv wKš‘ bq|... KL‡bv KL‡bv, bex‡bi cv‡k-cv‡kB cÖvPxb HwZ‡n¨i cybtcÖwZôv †`L‡Z cvB, †hgb kÖxhy³ †m‡bi GKwU KweZvq j‡i‡Ýi Av‡eM cÖej cvw_©e gb Avi ¯úwa©Z iƒcK iPbvi m‡½ wg‡k‡Q Dò Z›`ªvZzi ivwÎi †mŠMÜmÂq|Õ eû eQi c‡i, †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ Ugm‡bi c~‡e©v³ mgv‡jvPbv m¤ú‡K© ¯§„wZPviY K‡i wj‡L‡Qb : ÔGLbKvi K_v Rvwb bv, ZLbKvi w`‡b wek¦-mvwn‡Z¨i †ÿ‡Î †mB KvM‡Ri g~j¨B wQj Avjv`v| T.L.S.-G wKQy †ei nIqv gv‡b Ñ mviv c„w_ex‡Z mvwnZ¨-iwmK‡`i g‡a¨ Zv Qwo‡q hvIqv| Ugmb Zuvi cÖe‡Ü ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKv wb‡q A‡bK K_v wjL‡jb, Zvici Avgv‡`i KweZv wel‡q GKUz-AvaUz D‡jøL Ki‡jI ¸iæZ¡ w`‡jb mgi‡KB me PvB‡Z †ewk, Ii `y‡Uv KweZvi Abyev`-mn Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb|Õ †h‡nZz ZL‡bv mgi †m‡bi K‡jRRxeb †kl nqwb, †mw`K †_‡K GUv †h eogv‡ci m¤§vb I ¯^xK…wZ †m-K_v D‡jøL K‡i †cÖ‡g›`ª Zuvi Av‡jvP¨ iPbvq Av‡iv wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔAb¨ Kv‡iv n‡j H †_‡KB nq‡Zv Zvi Rxe‡bi c_ wbw`©ó n‡q †hZ| ILvb †_‡KB nq‡Zv †m msMÖn K‡i wbZ evwK Rxe‡bi im`, GšÍvi KweZv wjLZ, bvg KiZ, we‡`k †hZ Ñ BZ¨vw`| A_P, †m-m‡ei wKQy mgi Kij bv| hviv Zv‡K †P‡b Zviv Rv‡b Gme I MÖvn¨B KiZ bv| †Kv‡bv †jvfB wQj bv Ii ¯^fv‡e|Õ GKwU c‡Î (3.11.36) eyׇ`e iex›`ªbv_‡K wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔKweZvÕ-i AvMvgx †cŠl msL¨vi Rb¨ Avcbvi GKwU KweZv †c‡j Lywk ne| Avcbvi M`¨Kv‡e¨ †h ˆewPΨ I we¯Í…wZ cÖKvk cv‡”Q, Zvi dmj †_‡K ÔKweZvÕ‡K wbðqB ewÂZ Ki‡eb bv? ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvwU M`¨ Q‡›`iB evnb mvaviY cvV‡Ki g‡b GB iKg GKUv aviYv R‡b¥ †M‡Q| I K_v mZ¨ bq, wKš‘ ÔKweZvÕ M`¨Q›`‡K we‡klfv‡eB A½xKvi K‡i‡Q Zv mZ¨|Õ cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, KweZvi cÖ_g eQ‡ii wØZxq msL¨vq exw_Kvi Av‡jvPbv Ges Z…Zxq msL¨vq ÔM`¨Q›`Õ kxl©K GKwU m¤úv`Kxq wbe‡Ü M`¨KweZv wbg©v‡Yi GB Avw`ce© m¤ú‡K© mvaviY cvVK‡`i AewnZ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| hLbB †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †c‡q‡Qb, ZLbB mgi †m‡bi cÖm½ G‡b‡Qb AZ¨šÍ D”PK‡É| Ôeyׇ`eeveyi m‡½ Avjvc Mfxi n‡Z mgq jv‡Mwb| †kl ch©šÍ Zuvi AvÇvi †K›`ª¯’j nÕj KweZvfeb, 202 ivmwenvix G‡fwbD|Õ Ñ mgi †mb-Kw_Z GB wVKvbv Kxfv‡e msM„nxZ n‡qwQj †m-wel‡h ¯^qs eyׇ`e Rvwb‡q‡Qb, GKw`b we‡K‡j †eov‡Z †ewi‡q wZwb, ¯¿x ivYy Ges m½x mgi †mb GB d¬¨v‡Ui mÜvb †c‡qwQ‡jb| Zvici 1937-Gi Ryb gv‡m Zuviv fevbxcyi GjvKv †Q‡o GB bZzb evm¯’v‡b D‡V G‡mwQ‡jb| GKvw`µ‡g EbwÎk eQi KvUv‡bvi ¯§„wZ †ivgš’b K‡i eyׇ`e wj‡L‡Qb : Ô†`L‡Z-†`L‡Z ˆK‡kvi †_‡K c~Y©-†hŠe‡b DËxY© n‡jv Avgv‡`i ivmwenvix A¨vwfby¨, Avi, Zvici, `y‡Uv-GKUv HwZnvwmK NUbvi av°vq, Z¡ivwš^Z cÖMwZ A_ev cZ‡bi Uv‡b †cuŠ‡Q †M‡jv KsµxU-KwVb dzkdzk iwnZ †cÖŠp‡Z¡i cÖv‡šÍ, cÖvq eva©K¨mxgvq| wKš‘ Avgiv Avi VuvB bvojvg bv, †Kbbv Ñ µgvMZ cÖKvwkZ bvbvb Amywe‡a I gvwjb¨ m‡Ë¡I Ñ d¬¨vUwU †hb MÖw_Z n‡q †M‡Q Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi g‡a¨ : †mB Avgv‡`i KweZvfeb, `y-†kv `yB, Uz-I-Uz, hv †Q‡o hvIqvi ¯^cœ †`‡L K‡ó Avwg †R‡M D‡VwQ A‡bKw`b|Õ KweZvi wØZxq e‡l©i PZz_© msL¨v (Avlvp 1344) ZLb cÖ¯‘qgvb, †m-Ae¯’vq evmv e`j K‡i Zuviv bZzb wVKvbvq G‡jb Ñ †mRb¨ Av‡jvP¨ msL¨vq Avjv`v KvMR AvVv w`‡q †mu‡U †mB ¯’vqx Kvh©vj‡qi K_v †NvwlZ n‡jv| Av‡jvP¨ e‡l©i Z…Zxq msL¨vq

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(ˆPÎ 1343) mgi †m‡bi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM wel‡q weÁwß cÖKvwkZ nq : ÔKweZvq G ch©šÍ mgi †m‡bi hZ KweZv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q, †mB mg¯Í Ges Ab¨vb¨ c‡Î cÖKvwkZ I BwZc~‡e© AcÖKvwkZ A‡bK KweZv GKÎ KÕ‡i ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕ bv‡g GKwU eB AvMvgx cqjv ˆekv‡Li c~‡e©B †ei Kiv n‡e| eBLvbvi `vg n‡e cuvP wmKv| wKš‘ 1jv ˆekv‡Li c~‡e© huviv ÔKweZvÕ Kvh©vj‡q GK UvKv gvwb AW©vi K‡i cvVv‡eb, Zuviv eB cÖKvwkZ nIqv gvÎ webv WvK e¨‡q N‡i e‡m GKLvbv cv‡eb| gwb-AW©vi Kzc‡b ÔK‡qKwU KweZvi Rb¨Õ GB K_v wj‡L w`‡Z n‡e Ges bvg I wVKvbvI ¯úó KÕ‡i †jLv `iKvi|Õ KweZvi wØZxq e‡l©i PZz_© msL¨vq mgi †m‡bi KweZvi eB‡qi weÁvc‡b cÖKvkb wn‡m‡e KweZvfeb kãe‡Üi cÖ_g e¨envi †`Lv †Mj| GQvov Kvh©vjq e`‡ji ga¨ w`‡q Avi †hme e`j cwijwÿZ n‡jv Ñ Zvi g‡a¨ D‡jøL¨ Ab¨Zi m¤úv`K †cÖ‡g›`ª wg‡Îi cwie‡Z© eyׇ`‡ei m‡½ mgi †m‡bi bvg gyw`ªZ n‡jv| mgi †mb GB e`‡ji KviY Rvwb‡q‡Qb : Ô†cÖ‡gbevey Ajm cÖK…wZi †jvK, wØZxq eQ‡i Avwg hyM¥ m¤úv`K nB, wKš‘ m¤úv`b, cÖKvkb, UvKvKwoi wn‡me wb‡Kk mg¯Í wKQy Ki‡Zb eyׇ`eevey|Õ GB gšÍe¨ ms‡kvab K‡i Rvbv‡bv `iKvi eyׇ`‡ei m‡½ mgi †mb m¤úv`‡Ki hyM¥ `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb Z…Zxq e‡l©i cÖ_g msL¨v, Avwk¦b 1344 †_‡K| GB e¨e¯’v Pvjy wQj lô el© Z…Zxq msL¨v †cŠl 1347 ch©šÍ| D‡jøL¨, 1940-Gi A‡±ve‡i w`wjøi ivghk Kgvwk©qvj K‡j‡R PvKwi wb‡q cÖevmx nIqvi ci mgi †mb GK ZvwiLwenxb c‡Îi (Abygvb 1941-G †jLv) †k‡l eyׇ`e‡K wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔKweZvÕi m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e Avgvi bvg Avi K‡Zvw`b ivL‡eb? e¨vcviUv nvm¨Ki †`Lvq|Õ cÖwZfv emy e‡j‡Qb : ÔGB evwo‡Z Avmvi c‡iB †cÖ‡gbeveyi AvmvUv Lye K‡g †Mj| `~iZ¡B Zvi GKgvÎ KviY bq, wZwb ZZw`‡b wdj¥ jvB‡b Xz‡K †M‡Qb| †mLv‡b †XvKvi ciB Zuvi cyivZb eÜz‡`i AvÇvq Avmvi mgqI nq bv, †evanq cÖ‡qvRbI nq bv|Õ eyׇ`‡ei gšÍ‡e¨ GB Abygv‡bi mg_©b Av‡Q : Ô†cÖ‡g‡bi Avi Drmvn †bB Ñ †evanq †mB mg‡qB Zvi wm‡bgv-msmªe ïiæ nw”Q‡jv|Õ Avm‡j †cÖ‡g›`ª wg‡Îi cÖ¯’vb-wel‡q cÖK…Z KviY cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| cÖ_gZ, webvg~‡j¨ KweZv †Q‡c w`‡jI Ñ wØZxq msL¨v cÖ¯‘wZKv‡j mÄq fÆvPv‡h©i KweZv eyׇ`e KZ…©K cÖZ¨vL¨vb nIqvq Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ g‡bvgvwjb¨ †`Lv †`q| wØZxqZ, KweZvq weòz †`-i cÖvavb¨ †cÖ‡g›`ª †g‡b wb‡Z cv‡ibwb e‡j m¤úv`bvi `vwqZ¡ †_‡K Ae¨vnwZ †bb| c‡i KweZvi cÖwZØ›Øx cwÎKv wn‡m‡e †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ mÄq fÆvPv‡h©i m¤úv`bvq cÖKvwkZ nq wbiæ³ bv‡gi GKwU ˆÎgvwmK KweZvcwÎKv 1347-Gi Avwk¦‡b| KweZv cwÎKvi gva¨‡g eyׇ`e emy AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi †h-beZi aviv wn‡m‡e M`¨KweZvi AwfhvÎv‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡qwQ‡jb Ñ †mUvi we‡ivwaZv Kiv Aek¨ KZ©e¨ e‡j we‡ePbv K‡iwQ‡jb wbiæ³i m¤úv`KØq| ejv evûj¨, KweZvi †jLK huviv Zuv‡`i A‡b‡KB wbi泇Z wj‡L‡Qb Ñ GKgvÎ eyׇ`e, weòz †` Ges mgi †mb †Kv‡bvw`b †m-cwÎKvq †j‡Lbwb| †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ KweZvi m‡½ Zuvi m¤úK© wQbœ Kivi wel‡q †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv gšÍe¨ K‡ibwb Ñ ïay Avfv cwÎKvi †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ msL¨vq (gvN-dvêyb 1387) wbg©‡j›`y †fŠwgK-iwPZ Ô†cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ I ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvÕ kxl©K wbe‡Üi Dcmsnv‡i †cÖ‡g›`ªi Revwb‡Z Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb, †e½j BwgDwbwU‡Z PvKwi †bIqvi Rb¨ wZwb KweZvi msmM© †Q‡owQ‡jb| GB Z‡_¨i hv_v_© m¤ú‡K© eZ©gvb †jLK †cÖ‡g›`ªi AwfgZ Rvb‡Z PvB‡j wZwb GKwU c‡Î (24.12.83) Rvbvb : ÔKweZv cwÎKvi m‡½ Avgvi m¤úK©

ÿxY nevi GUv †Kv‡bv KviYB bq|Õ G-K_v wVK, †cÖ‡g›`ª †e½j BwgDwbwU‡Z hy³ wQ‡jb 1931-32, 1936-G `vwqZ¡ †bb bekw³ cwÎKvi m¤úv`bvi| Zvici 1938-G wm‡bgvi m‡½ Zuvi ms‡hvM N‡U| Z‡e, eZ©gvb Av‡jvP‡Ki wRÁvmvi Dˇi BwZc~‡e© †cÖ‡g›`ª GKwU wPwV‡Z (8.12.83) wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvi m‡½ Avgvi we‡iv‡ai †Kv‡bv weeiY Avgvi †Kv‡bv †jLvq cvbwb wj‡LwQ‡jb| hv †gv‡UB nqwb Zvi weeiY †Kgb K‡i cv‡eb? mÄq fÆvPvh© ÔKweZvÕi GKRb †jLK wQj gvÎ wKš‘ eyׇ`‡ei m‡½ Avwg mgi †mb‡K mnKvix wn‡m‡e wb‡q ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKv cÖ_g evi Kwi| †ek wKQy w`b c‡i ÔKweZvÕi m¤úv`bv †Q‡o w`‡qwQjvg e‡U wKš‘ †mUv †Kv‡bv we‡iv‡ai R‡b¨ bq| †mB mgq Avwg wdj¥RM‡Zi m‡½ hy³ n‡q Qwe †Zvjvi Kv‡R e¨¯Í _vwK| ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`bvq mgq w`‡Z bv cvivi `iæb eyׇ`e I mgi †m‡bi Ici †m fvi mvb‡›` †Q‡o w`B| m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e bvg †`Iqv eÜ Kivi ciI ZvB Avgvi †jLv ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKvq evi †h n‡q‡Q Zv cy‡ivb dvBj LuyR‡jB Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|Õ G-wel‡q cÖK…Z Z_¨, †Q‡o †`Iqvi ci KweZvq PZz_© e‡l©i cÖ_g msL¨vq (Avwk¦b 1345) †cÖ‡g›`ªi ÔbxjKÉÕ Ges PZz_© el© wØZxq msL¨vq ÔmgªvUÕ KweZv gyw`ªZ n‡qwQj| m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e hy³ _vKv Ae¯’vq wj‡LwQ‡jb gvÎ `ywU msL¨vq cÖ_g e‡l©i cÖ_g msL¨vq GKwU Ges cÖ_g e‡l©i Z…Zxq msL¨vq wZbwU| KweZv cwÎKvi m‡½ cÖ_‡g mÄq fÆvPvh© Ges c‡i †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ m¤úK© wQbœ Kivi KviY hvB †nvK bv †Kb Ñ KweZvcš’x‡`i m‡½ wbiæ³cš’x‡`i weev` †h wZ³ ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡QwQj, Zv‡Z cÖavbZ weòz †`, mgi †mb, myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨vq cÖgyL evgcš’x Kwei cÖwZ mÄq fÆvPv‡h©i weiƒcZv ¯úó| cwiYZ eq‡mi ¯§„wZPviYvq mÄq wj‡L‡Qb : Ô1937 †_‡K ÷vwjb-gvK©v mgvRZvwš¿Kiv KweZvq ev¯Í‡ei cvjv MvBevi IKvjwZ K‡i‡Q| huviv †kl Kwe e‡j wb‡R‡`i B`vbxs †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb Zuviv gvwK©b cÖvM‡gw÷K ûBUg¨vwbqviB †ivMx A_ev weK…Z ÿzavi duv‡` ew›`| Kv‡e¨i GB ivRc‡_ hvIqvi mywe‡a A‡bK| wgwQ‡ji ev mfvmwgwZi bibvixi nvZZvwj, DjyaŸwb †c‡Z Kvjwej¤^ nq bv| ZvQvov I c‡_ hvIqv †hgwb mnR, †Zgwb eyw×gv‡bi KvR| a~R©wU`v w·ki `k‡K Rxebvb›`‡K D‡cÿv K‡i kÖxgvb mg‡ii eyw×gËvq IKvjwZ K‡i Avgv‡K cÎI †`b| KweZvq eyw×i ¯’vb Av‡Q e‡j Avwg ¯^xKvi Kwi‡b|Õ eyׇ`e Aek¨ KweZv cwÎKvi gva¨‡g †hgb evsjv KweZvi AvaywbK avivi c„ô‡cvlYv‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡qwQ‡jb, †Zgwb bZzb huviv cvVK `jfz³, Zuv‡`iI h‡_ó cÖwkÿY w`‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb KweZvi cvVK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi j‡ÿ¨| KweZvi cÖ_g e‡l©i PZz_© msL¨vq †h-m¤úv`Kxq iPbvwU eyׇ`e wj‡LwQ‡jb †mwUi wk‡ivbvg †`Iqv nq ÔKweZvi cvVKÕ Ñ †mB wbe‡Üi Dcmsnv‡i wZwb Avkv e¨³ K‡iwQ‡jb : ÔKwe ˆZwi Kiv hvq bv, wKš‘ AbyK‚j Abyl‡½ KweZvi cvVK ˆZwi n‡Z cv‡i| fv‡jv cvV‡Ki msL¨v Aí, wKš‘ evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges fv‡jv cvVK hZ †ewk nq, Kwei I KweZvi c‡ÿ ZZB fv‡jv|Õ

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KweZvfeb cÖKvkbvi cÖ_g eB mgi †m‡bi K‡qKwU KweZv cÖKvwkZ nq 1937-Gi gv‡P© Ñ eyׇ`e gy`ªY ZË¡veavb Ki‡jI cÖKvkK wn‡m‡e mgi †m‡bi bvg Ges wVKvbv mvMigvb¨v †ivW, †envjv DwjøwLZ nq| Z‡e mgi †m‡bi KweZv hv‡Z cvVKgn‡j MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq

†mRb¨ eyׇ`e LyeB Zrci f‚wgKv cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb, †m-wel‡q m‡›`n †bB| K‡qKwU KweZv cÖKv‡ki ci iex›`ªbv‡_i Kv‡Q cvwV‡q mgi wj‡LwQ‡jb (16 GwcÖj 1937) : ÔAvgvi KweZvi eB GK Kwc Avcbvi wVKvbvq cvwV‡qwQ| Avcbvi †Kgb †j‡M‡Q Rvb‡Z cvi‡j evwaZ ne|Õ iex›`ªbv_ Aek¨ G-wPwVi †Kv‡bv DËi †`bwb| wKš‘ eyׇ`e KweZvi wØZxq el© PZz_© msL¨vq (Avlvp 1344) Ôbe †hŠe‡bi KweZvÕ bv‡g GKwU `xN© mgv‡jvPbv wjL‡jb| Zv‡Z Zuvi Kve¨ixwZ m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q eyׇ`e Rvbvb : ÔZuvi KweZv M‡`¨ iwPZ, Ges †KejB M‡`¨| Avgvi aviYv wQ‡jv c`¨ iPbvq fv‡jv `Lj _vK‡j Z‡eB M`¨ KweZvq ¯^v”Q›`¨ Av‡m, wKš‘ mgi †m‡bi g‡a¨ Gi e¨wZµg †`Ljyg| wZwb M‡`¨ Qvov †j‡Lbwb, Ges KL‡bv wjL‡eb Ggb AvkvI Avgvi †bB|Õ ÔZuvi M`¨-Q›` evsjv fvlvq AwfbeÕ GB D‡jø‡Li ci wZwb ej‡jb : Ôiex›`ªbv‡_i ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kwei Quv‡P XvjvB Kiv bq| Avgiv iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖfve †_‡K gy³ nIqvi K_v ewj, A_©vr GUv Avgiv a‡iB wbB †h iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖfve AvaywbK evOvwj Kwei cÖ‡Póvq Awbevh©| wKš‘ GB hyeK-Kwe †Kb iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖfv‡e KL‡bvB c‡obwb, †mUv Avgvi Avðh© jv‡M| ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕq †m-iKg m‡PZb I wZh©K fw½‡Z iex›`ª-Kve¨ D×…Z Kiv Av‡Q Zv‡ZB †evSv hvq †h Avgv‡`i †hgb cÖ_g †hŠe‡b wek¦v‡mi evZvmB wQ‡jv iex›`ª-Kve¨, G-Kwei †m-iKg bq| evsjv KweZvi †h-HwZn¨m¤ú` iex›`ªbv‡_i m„wó, GB bexb Kwe †mLv‡b †hb †Kv‡bv Aej¤^b Luy‡R cvbwb|Õ mgi †m‡bi KweZvq mgKvjxb mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v, Zuvi e¨w³MZ Rxeb Ae‡PZbfv‡eB Zuvi Kv‡e¨i i³gvsm‡K M‡o Zz‡j‡Q| eyׇ`e wj‡L‡Qb : ÔeZ©gvb mg‡qi mskqv”Qbœ AÜKvi †h-ZiæY wPˇK Avweó K‡i‡Q, mgi †mb ZviB cÖwZwbwa|Õ ÔGKwU †g‡qÕ kxl©K KweZvi D×…wZ w`‡q, mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨ Zuvi Kwe-¯^fv‡e †h Db¥xjgvb †hŠe‡bi cxovq AvµvšÍ †mwU‡K wPwýZ K‡i e‡j‡Qb : Ômgi †m‡bi KweZvq GB Amy¯’Zv‡eva Lye e‡ov GKUv jÿY| bvMwiK Rxeb Avgiv Avi¤¢ K‡iwQ A‡bKw`b, wKš‘ Avgv‡`i Kv‡e¨ G-ch©šÍ †ewkifvMB cvIqv †M‡Q ivLvj-evj‡Ki †Pv‡L cjøx-cÖK…wZi Qwe| bvMwiK Rxe‡bi LÐ-LÐ Qwe ev D‡jøL †Kv‡bv-†Kv‡bv AvaywbK Kwe‡Z _vK‡jI, mvgwMÖKfv‡e AvaywbK bMiRxeb mgi †m‡bi KweZv‡ZB aiv co‡jv| mgi †mb kn‡ii Kwe, KjKvZvi Kwe, Avgv‡`i AvRKvjKvi Rxe‡bi mg¯Í weKvi, we‡ÿvf I K¬vwšÍi Kwe| wVK †hb kn‡ii myiwU aiv c‡o‡Q Zuvi Q›`|Õ †mB Q›` †Kvb w`K †_‡K ¯^Zš¿, ¯úóZ †m-wel‡q eyׇ`e Rvwb‡q‡Qb : Ôevsjv M`¨Q›`‡K GB ZiæY Kwe †h-iƒc w`‡q‡Qb, †mUv Avi Kv‡iviB bq; wZwb Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb GB Q‡›`i Awfbe aŸwb I cÖwZaŸwb| G-M`¨ M‡í ev cÖe‡Ü wVK e¨envh© bq; G †hb we‡klfv‡e KweZviB evnb|Õ iex›`ªbv_‡K eyׇ`‡ei Dch©ycwi mycvwik m‡Ë¡I GB evnbwU‡K Af¨_©bv Rvbvbwb, †mUv Avð‡h©i NUbv| Z‡e Abygvb Kiv hvq, eyׇ`‡ei mgv‡jvPbvq iex›`ªbv_-cÖm½ wdwi‡q G‡b hv †jLv nq Zv Kwe¸iæ‡K Lywk Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| Kv‡ji cyZzj MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ n‡j †mB Dcmsnvi Ask eyׇ`e eR©b K‡iwQ‡jb, †mUv GB iKg : Ôiex›`ªbv‡_i cÖfve wPýgvÎ †bB Ggb Kwe AvR GKRb hLb †`Lv †M‡Q µ‡g µ‡g Av‡iv †`Lv hv‡e wbðqB Ñ Zuv‡`i fve I fw½, welqe¯‘ I `„wó meB n‡e Ab¨ iK‡gi| Avi GB w`‡KB hw` cwiYZ nq (Ges g‡b n‡”Q †h ZvB n‡e) Zv n‡j evOjv Kv‡e¨ m¤ú~Y© GK bZzb w`b †ewk `~‡i bq| evOjv KweZvi fwel¨r m¤^‡Ü Lye eo Avkv n‡”Q|Õ

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cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, M`¨KweZvi huviv we‡ivwaZv K‡iwQ‡jb Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ †gvwnZjvj gRyg`vi XvKv †_‡K ebdzj‡K †jLv GKwU c‡Î (20 Ryb 1937) wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔQ‡›`vnxb KweZv Avi hvB †nvK LuvwU KweZv bq, fv‡ei †h myi Ges Kíbvi †h Av‡eM fvlvq cÖKvk Kiv‡K Kve¨-wbg©vY e‡j Ñ †mB myi I †mB Av‡eM Q‡›`vwfbœ fvlvq msµvwgZ nq bv|... †evjcyi, evjxMÄ I †envjv Ñ GB wZb e-Kv‡ii R¡vjvq evsjvi Kve¨mi¯^Zxi GLbI wKQyKvj AÁvZevm Qvov Avi Ab¨ Dcvq bvB...|Õ c‡Î DwjøwLZ ¯’vb¸‡jv h_vµ‡g iex›`ªbv_, eyׇ`e emy I mgi †m‡bi evm¯’vb‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| e½vã 1345-Gi kÖveY gv‡m (1938 AvM÷) iex›`ªbv‡_i m¤úv`bvq hLb evsjvKve¨ cwiPq bv‡g msKjbwU cÖKvwkZ n‡jv, ZLb KweZvq AvwkÖZ `yB ZiæY weòz †` I mgi †m‡bi KweZv MÖnY K‡ibwb| mgi †mb‡K eR©b Kivi KviY bv‡gv‡jøL bv K‡iB Ôf‚wgKvÕq D‡jøL Kiv nq : ÔGB msKjbMÖ‡š’ AvaywbK evsjvi M`¨Kve¨ †_‡K msMÖn Kiv nqwb| †m Kv‡e¨i fvÐvi AwZ msKxY©, Zvi †_‡K evQvB K‡i †bIqv mnR bq| G Kv‡ji cvK aivi mgq GL‡bv Av‡mwb †mRb¨ A‡cÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ GB A‡cÿv Kivi K_v wZwb mgi †mb‡K `yeQi c‡i Rvwb‡q‡Qb Av‡iv ¯úó fvlvq| D‡jøL¨, KweZvq (Avwk¦b 1345) GKwU ÿzä mgv‡jvPbv wj‡LwQ‡jb eyׇ`e evsjv Kve¨ cwiPq wel‡q, Zv‡Z wZwb Rvbvb : ÔM`¨ KweZv iex›`ªbv_ †bbwb; bv †bevi AwaKvi Zuvi m¤ú~Y©B Av‡Q| †mB Rb¨ mgi †mb ev` c‡o‡Qb| 1927-28-Gi c‡i, A_©vr K‡jøv‡ji mg‡qi c‡i, evsjv Kve¨mvwn‡Z¨ bZzb kw³i Avwef©ve mgi †mbB| Lye Kg evsjv Kwe‡ZB GZ Aí eq‡mB GZLvwb eyw×i cwiYwZ I Avw½‡Ki Dci `Lj cvIqv †M‡Q| evsjv M`¨Q›`‡K mgi †mb bZzb KÕ‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb I Ki‡Qb| Zuvi cÖfve Gi g‡a¨B h‡_ó e¨vcK, AvR‡Ki w`‡b †`Lv hv‡”Q cÖvq †Kvb hyeKB Zuv‡K AbyKiY bv-KÕ‡i wjL‡Z cv‡ib bv|Õ GB cÖfv‡ei D`vniY w`‡Z eyׇ`e msKjbfz³, wbwkKvšÍi KweZvi D‡jøL K‡i cÖkœ ivL‡jb : Ômg‡ii cÖfve cvIqv hvq, Ggb KweZv Ôevsjv Kve¨ cwiP‡qÕI Av‡Q| mgi †mb‡K wb‡Z n‡e e‡jB M`¨Q›`‡K ¯^xKvi Kiv A‡hŠw³K nZ bv, Zv‡Z iex›`ªbv_ hLb M`¨KweZv †bbBwb, ZLb fzjµ‡gI †Kv‡bv M`¨KweZv hv‡Z Xz‡K bv c‡o †m-wel‡q Zuvi jÿ¨ wbðqB cÖLi wQj| wKš‘ wbwkKvšÍi ÔcwÛ‡Pwii Ckvb †Kv‡Yi cÖvšÍiÕ †Kgb K‡i XzK‡jv?Õ Z_¨ wn‡m‡e GUv Rvbv‡bv hvq, wbwkKvšÍi Av‡jvP¨ KweZv KweZviB Z…Zxq el© cÖ_g msL¨vq (Avwk¦b 1344) gyw`ªZ n‡qwQj| Av‡jvP¨ msKj‡b mgi †m‡bi Abycw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© Av‡iKwU Zxeª mgv‡jvPbv wj‡LwQ‡jb A‡kvK wgÎ, Ñ PZzi½ cwÎKvq (Avwk¦b 1345) cÖKvwkZ †mB `xN© iPbvq wZwb Rvbvb : Ôf‚wgKvq Avi GKwU K_v Avgiv cvB, ÔGB msKjb MÖ‡š’ AvaywbK evsjvi M`¨Kve¨ †_‡K msMÖn Kiv nqwb| †m-Kv‡e¨i fvÐvi AwZ msKxY©, Zvi †_‡K evQvB K‡i †bIqv mnR bq|Õ wØZxq evK¨wU Avgv‡`i nZeyw× K‡i‡Q| mvaviY eywׇZ Aek¨ GUvB g‡b nIqv ¯^vfvweK †h, fvÐvi hZB msKxY© n‡e ZZB evQvB K‡i †bIqv mnR; KviY evQvB Kievi wRwb‡mi AcÖvPzh©¨| Ges M`¨Kve¨ †jLK ej‡Z cÖK…Zc‡ÿ †evSvq `ywU Kwe‡K; iex›`ªbv_ I mgi †mb| ZvQvov GB wbK…ó msKjbMÖ‡š’i m¤úv`bv KvRwU cÖK…ZB Lye `yiƒn I Avqvmmva¨ n‡q‡Q e‡j Avgv‡`i g‡b nq bv| M`¨ixwZ m¤^‡Ü ¯^qs iex›`ªbv_ eZ©gvb hy‡Mi c_cÖ`k©K, †m m¤^‡Ü Zuvi wePviB wk‡ivavh©¨ K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|... M`¨ixwZi cÖwZôvZv mgi †m‡bi iPbv †h Av`¨šÍ c`¨ Q‡›`vgq †m m¤^‡Ü

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Kviæi †Kvb m‡›`n _vKvB DwPZ bq| Ges †m hyw³ AbymiY Ki‡j mgi †mb †h †Kb ÔKve¨cwiPqÕ-G ¯’vb †c‡jb bv †mUv GKUv inm¨|Õ mgi †m‡bi wØZxq KweZvi eB MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZv cÖKvwkZ nq 1940-Gi gvP© gv‡m Ñ †mwUI cÖKvk K‡ib MÖš’Kvi| DrmM©c‡Î †jLv nq : eyׇ`e emy, ivavigY wgÎ I weòz †`| ÔAZ¨šÍ ms‡Kv‡Pi m‡½Õ †m-eB iex›`ªbv_‡K cvwV‡q GKwU c‡Î (11 gvP© 1940) mgi wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔAvcbvi mg‡qi AZ¨šÍ Afve Rvwb, Zey ÔMÖnYÕ Avcbvi †Kgb †j‡M‡Q Rvb‡Z cvi‡j we‡kl DcK…Z n‡ev|Õ BwZc~‡e© eyׇ`‡ei m½x n‡q kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b iex›`ªbv‡_i m‡½ cwiwPZ nIqv m‡Ë¡I wZwb Dˇi wjL‡jb (15 gvP© 1940) : Ô†Zvgvi †jLbx Kv‡e¨i †h bZzb mxgvbvq hvÎv K‡i‡Q Ñ †m Avgvi AcwiwPZ, ïay Avgvi bq, mvavi‡Yi Kv‡Q Gi g¨vc GL‡bv ¯úó †iLvq wPwýZ nqwb myZivs GLv‡b †Zvgvi Avmb Aí †jv‡Ki Kv‡QB ¯^xK…Z n‡Z eva¨| GLvbKvi cwiPq µgk nq‡Zv cÖk¯Í n‡e wKš‘ †h ch©šÍ bv nq †m ch©šÍ †Zvgvi Af¨_©bv we‡kl imMÖvnx gn‡jB msKxY© n‡q _vK‡e Ñ G Awbevh©| Avgv‡`i imm‡¤¢v‡Mi Af¨vm †Zvgv‡`i G hy‡Mi bq ÿzYœ g‡b GB K_v Keyj K‡i †Zvgv‡K Avkxe©v` RvbvB|Õ MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZv MÖ‡š’i GKwU `xN© Av‡jvPbv wj‡LwQ‡jb Awgq PµeZx©, eyׇ`‡ei Aby‡iv‡a| ÔSY©v-Q‡›`i Kve¨Õ wk‡ivbv‡g †mB †jLvwU gyw`ªZ nq KweZvi lô e‡l©i AwZwi³ msL¨vq (KvwZ©K 1347)| Avi GKwU NUbvi K_v D‡jøL¨ Ñ c~‡e©v³ evsjv Kve¨ cwiP‡qi av°vq g‡bvÿzYœ eyׇ`e D‡`¨vMx n‡qwQ‡jb AvaywbK KweZvi GKwU ch©vß msKjb cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z| KweZvfeb †_‡K cÖKvwkZe¨ †mB msKjb cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z me‡P‡q DrmvwnZ eyׇ`e, m¤úv`bv wbi‡cÿ n‡e GB we‡ePbvq Ggb `yRb‡K m¤úv`bvi `vwqZ¡ w`‡qwQ‡jb, hviv Ôˆe`»evb wKš‘ wb‡Riv Kwe bbÕ Ñ Avey mqx` AvBqye I nx‡i›`ªbv_ gy‡Lvcva¨vq| wKš‘ KvR ïiæ nIqvi ci Zuv‡`i g‡bvgvwjb¨ µ‡g Zxeª n‡q I‡V Ñ †hRb¨ Av‡jvP¨ msKj‡b `ywU c„_K f‚wgKv wj‡LwQ‡jb| msKjbwU cÖKvwkZ nq 1346 e½v‡ãi kÖveY, RyjvB 1940 Ñ †mwUi DrmM©c‡Î †jLv nq : kÖxiex›`ªbv_ VvKzi/ eiYx‡qly| iex›`ªbv‡_i ev‡ivwU KweZv w`‡q ïiæ K‡i †klvs‡k mgi †mb‡K GKUv eo cwimi †`Iqv nq, Zuvi KweZvi msL¨v AvU| cÖ_‡gv³ R‡bi f‚wgKvq Zuv‡K Ômvg¨ev`x `‡jÕ Ôwbtmw›`» KweÕ wn‡m‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| iex›`ªbv_ msKjbwU cvV K‡i AwfgZ Rvbvb : Ô†Zvgv‡`i GB msKjb †`‡L Avbw›`Z I Avk¦¯Í n‡qwQ| cÖvq me¸wjB we‡klfv‡e Dc‡fvM¨|Õ eyׇ`e emyi lvU eQi c~wZ© Dcj‡ÿ KjKvZv cwÎKv †h hyM¥ msKjb (mßg-Aóg wW‡m¤^i 1968-Rvbyqvwi 1969) cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ Zv‡Z KvgvÿxcÖmv` P‡Ævcva¨vq ÔKweZvÕi mvZ eQiÕ bv‡g GKwU cÖe‡Ü eQi a‡i a‡i ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔwØZxq eQ‡i 1343-4 ÔKweZvÕq Rxebvb‡›`i †Z‡ivwU KweZv Qvcv nq, mgi †m‡bi cuvPwU, iex›`ªbv‡_i wZbwU KweZv Ges ÔM`¨Kve¨Õ bv‡g cÖeÜ Ges mgi †m‡bi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕi Dci eyׇ`eeveyi weL¨vZ mgv‡jvPbv Ôbe‡hŠe‡bi KweZvÕ| GLv‡b hw` GB gšÍe¨ Kwi †h eyׇ`e emy hw` ÔKweZvÕ cwÎKv cÖKvk bv-Ki‡Zb Ges mgi †m‡bi KweZv wb‡q D³ `xN© cÖeÜ bv-wjL‡Zb ZvnÕ‡j ZLbKvi w`‡bi mgi †mb nq‡Zv Agb Drmv‡n AZ KweZv wjL‡Zb bv Ges Zuvi KweZvi cÖwZ we`» mgv‡Ri `„wó co‡Zv bv Ñ ZvnÕ‡j eÜzei mgi †mb nq‡Zv Avgvi Dci weiƒc n‡Zb bv|Õ

Pvi G-K_v wVK, mgi †m‡bi Kve¨PP©vq cÖavb Drmvn`vZv I c„ô‡cvlK wQ‡jb eyׇ`e emy| KweZvi m‡½ GKbR‡i mgi †m‡bi m¤ú‡K© LwZqvb n‡jv : µwgK wn‡m‡e cÖ_gZg †_‡K weqvwjøk msL¨v ch©šÍ †gvU †ZwÎkwU msL¨vq Zuvi †hme †jLv gyw`ªZ n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv Ñ KweZv 55, mgv‡jvPbv AvU Ges cÖeÜ gvÎ GKwU| KweZvq cÖ_g cÖKvkKv‡j Zuvi eqm gvÎ 19, ZL‡bv wZwb QvÎ| 1935 †_‡K 1944 gvÎ b-eQi KweZvq wj‡L‡Qb Ñ GKw`K †_‡K cÖ_‡g c~eŸ©vkvi g‡Zv cwÎKvi gva¨‡g AvZ¥cÖKvk Ki‡jI, KweZvB Zuvi KweL¨vwZi cÖavb ïay bq, GKgvÎ Aej¤^b ejv hvq| KjKvZvq evMevRvi wek¦‡Kvl †j‡b Zuvi Rb¥ 10 A‡±vei 1916 Ñ wcZvgn `x‡bkP›`ª †mb, wcZv AiæYP›`ª †mb, BwZnv‡mi Aa¨vcK| ev‡iv eQi eqmKv‡j Zuvi gv P›`ªgyLx m~wZKv †iv‡M cÖqvZ nb| ¯‹zjRxe‡bi ïiæ KvwkgevRvi cwj‡UKwbK ¯‹z‡j lô †kÖwY‡Z, †mLvb †_‡K 1932 mv‡j g¨vw÷ªK cvk K‡i ¯‹wUk PvP© K‡j‡R fwZ© nb| †mB mgq `x‡bkP›`ª Zuvi evMevRv‡ii evwo fvovq w`‡q †envjvq GK evMvbevwo‡Z evm Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| ivRbxwZwe`, mvwnwZ¨K Ges Ab¨ A‡b‡Ki m‡½ Zuvi cwiwPwZ NU‡Z _v‡K| ivavigY wgÎ I ew¼g gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi m‡½ †mB myev‡`B Avjvc| wcZ…eÜz ivavigY Zuvi m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Qb : ÔgxivU lohš¿ gvgjv †_‡K Qvov †c‡q G‡m Avwg ZLb D‡VwQ Aiæ‡Yi Kv‡QB| mgi †m-mgq Gg.G.-i Rb¨ wcÖcv‡ikb Ki‡Q| GKw`b Iui GKUv †jLv c‡o Avwg AevK, †`wL AmvaviY Bs‡iwR| Ggwb‡Z †Zv I wQj, eive‡ii gZb wKQyUv evDÐz‡j| K_v †ewk ejZ bv †Kv‡bv w`b| †jLvq †hgb K_vevZ©v‡ZI Ii mshg wQj †Zgwb †Pv‡L coevi gZb| A™¢zZ †mÝ Ae wnDgvi, KzÆzm K‡i wKQy gšÍe¨ Ñ mew`K †_‡KB I wQj Avi cuvPR‡bi †_‡K Avjv`v|Õ eyׇ`e emyi m‡½ cwiwPZ nIqvi ci wb‡Ri Kve¨PP©v I KweZv cwÎKv wb‡q gvZvgvwZ K‡iI Bs‡iwR‡Z Abvm© Ges Gg.G. cixÿvq cÖ_g †kÖwY‡Z cÖ_g ¯’vb †c‡q‡Qb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K| Gg.G. cvk Kivi `y-eQi ci wZwb 1940-G cÖ_‡g gvÎ `ygv‡mi Rb¨ Kuvw_ cÖfvZKzgvi K‡j‡R Ges eQ‡ii †k‡li w`‡K A‡±ve‡i w`wjøi ivghk Kgvwk©qvj K‡j‡R Aa¨vcbv K‡i‡Qb| KjKvZv †_‡K `~‡i P‡j hvIqvi Rb¨ KweZvi m¤úv`bv I MÖvnK msMÖ‡ni KvR †_‡K wb‡R Ae¨vnwZ †bb| wZwb KweZv cÖKvkKv‡j KxiKg Zrci _vK‡Zb, mvMi gvb¨v †ivW †envjv †_‡K eyׇ`e‡K †jLv GKwU cÎvsk D×vi Ki‡j †evSv hv‡e, 31 wW‡m¤^i 1935-G wjL‡Qb : Ôgv‡S Av‡iv `y-wZbRb KweZvi ÔSubscriberÕ †RvMvo K‡iwQ| kÖxn‡l©i m¤úv`K K‡qKwU K‡i‡Q; Ges K‡i †`‡e e‡j‡Q, hw` Avcwb Zv‡`i GKUv Ôfv‡jvÕ †jLv `¨vb| Avwg K‡qKw`b Esplanade-Gi Stall †`wLwb| Z‡e g‡b n‡”Q Stall-G Gevi †Kv‡bv ÔKweZvÕ †`Iqv nqwb| AšÍZ w`bAv‡óK Av‡M ch©šÍ †`Iqv nqwb|Õ w`wjø evmKv‡j Zuvi Rxe‡bi eo NUbv Ñ 1941-Gi 28 GwcÖj nwicÖmbœ †m‡bi Kb¨v my‡jLvi m‡½ Zuvi weevn| †m mgq Zuvi Avw_©K Ae¯’v GZUvB Lvivc †h, GKUv d¨vb wKb‡Z Kx fvov Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| `y‡Uv LmLm wK‡bwQ‡jg, Zv‡Z Av‡iv Mig †e‡o‡Q| Ô`ycyi¸‡jv Rv‡bvqv‡ii g‡Zv Amnvqfv‡eÕ KvUv‡Z n‡”Q| Gme K_v 12 we `wiqvMÄ w`wjøi wVKvbv †_‡K Rvbv‡”Qb weòz †`-†K, Ges we‡qi w`‡b †jLv c‡Î wZwb Lei

w`‡”Qb : Ôwe‡qUv Lye gRvi n‡”Q| evwoi cv‡kB Avgvi fvex ¯¿x _v‡Kb; we‡qi mg¯Í Abyôvb I‡`i evoxi †g‡qiv †RvMvohš¿ K‡i m¤úbœ K‡i‡Qb| Ggb wK †h RvgvKvco c‡i we‡q Ki‡Z hv‡ev †mUvI evwM‡qwQ| Avgvi nv‡Z gvÎ cuvP UvKv Av‡Q| Gi Kv‡Q Kvco, Ii Kv‡Q iægvj, ivavigYeveyi Kv‡Q UvKv, †Kv‡bviKg manage K‡iwQ| evev ïbjvg †g‡q‡K Avkxe©v` Kivi mgq k¦ïigkv‡qi KvQ †_‡K wMwb wb‡q †mUvB w`‡q‡Qb| gRv g›` bq, Avcbviv G‡j Lye Dc‡fvM Ki‡Zb| AvwgI †klevi Avcbvi Kv‡Q †mB 25 UvKv D×vi Kivi †Póv KiZvg|Õ KweZvq †klev‡ii g‡Zv hLb wjL‡jb ZLb Zuvi eqm AvUvk gvÎ| †m-mgq Aa¨vcbv †Q‡o weÁvcb ms¯’vq KvR Ki‡Z-Ki‡Z Aj BwÛqv †iwW‡qvi †eZvi mvsevw`KZvq †hvM w`‡q‡Qb| cieZx© AvUwÎk eQi wZwb mvsevw`KZv wKsev m¤úv`bv Qvov g‡¯‹v‡Z Abyev‡`i Kv‡R eQiPv‡iK (195761) hy³ wQ‡jb| ivavigY wgÎ Zuvi Kg©Rxe‡bi mswÿß cwiPq w`‡q wj‡L‡Qb : Ô1949 bvMv` mgi P‡j Gj KjKvZvq| XzKj †÷Umg¨vb-G| †mLvb †_‡K †Mj g‡¯‹vq| ZR©gvi KvR wb‡q| eQiPv‡iK wQj ILv‡b| †di KjKvZvq G‡m wn›`y¯’vb ÷¨vÛv‡W©i PvKwi wbj †m| wKš‘ mv¤úª`vwqKZvi cÖ‡kœi bxwZMZ Kvi‡Y H PvKwiI mgi Qvoj|Õ wn›`y¯’vb ÷¨vÛv‡W©i PvKwi †Q‡o †`Iqvi eQi 1964-Gi A‡±ve‡i ûgvqyb Kwe‡ii AvnŸv‡b m¤úv`bvi `vwqZ¡ †bb bvD cwÎKvi| 1967-†Z †m-cwÎKvi m‡½ gZwe‡iv‡ai Kvi‡Y m¤úK© wQbœ K‡i dw›Uqvi mvßvwnK cwÎKv Zuvi m¤úv`bvq cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq IB eQi 14 GwcÖj| †mB cwÎKvi m¤úv`K _vKvKv‡j wZwb cÖqvZ nb 1987-Gi 23 AvM÷ †ejv 2-30Uvq, K¨vjKvUv nmwcUv‡j Ñ gvÎ GKvËi eQi eq‡m| Zuvi cÖ_g KweZvi eB K‡qKwU KweZv cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj 1937-Gi gv‡P©, cieZx© Kve¨MÖš’¸‡jv cÖKvk cvq h_vµ‡g : MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZv (†deªæqvwi 1940); bvbvK_v (†g 1942); †Lvjv wPwV (RyjvB 1943) Ges `k eQ‡ii e¨eav‡b cÖKvwkZ nq mgi †m‡bi KweZv (1954)| k•L †Nvl wj‡L‡Qb : ÔAíw`bB KweZv wj‡LwQ‡jb mgi †mb| wKš‘ †mB Aí K‡qK eQ‡ii †jLv wVK GKB RvqMvq †_‡g _v‡Kwb| GKwU eB †_‡K Ab¨ eB‡Z †cuŠQevi c‡_ Zuvi e`jvevi aibUvI Avgiv †Ui cvB|Õ Gici wZwb Av‡jvP¨ we‡køl‡Y ax‡i-ax‡i cwieZ©‡bi iƒcwU‡K Aí K_ vq awi‡q w`‡q‡Qb : ÔcÖ_g w`‡Ki ¯§„wZweayi Uvb A‡í A‡í †K‡U hvq c‡i, Zvi e`‡j †R‡M DV‡Z _v‡K GKUv SuvR| ÿ‡qi Qwei ga¨ †_‡K ¯úóZi n‡q DV‡Z _v‡K fvex mgv‡Ri Bkviv, gûqv d‡ji Av‡ek †Q‡o †`Lv w`‡Z ïiæ K‡i ÔZvgv‡U cÖvšÍ‡iÕi gvby‡liv, Avi wPËiÄb †mevm`‡bi K¬všÍ De©kx b„Z¨iZv n‡q I‡V ÔKv‡ji Z‡cvf‡½Õ|Õ mgi †m‡bi KweZvq †h cvjve`j AeavwiZ n‡q D‡VwQj, Zuvi ivRbxwZi w`‡K †h `vqe×Zvi †SuvK †`Lv w`‡qwQj Ñ Zuvi Rxe‡bi cÖ_g c‡e© cÖavbZg c„ô‡cvlK eyׇ`e emy Zv mn‡R gvb‡Z cv‡ibwb| g‡b c‡o hvq, Rxebvb‡›`i KweZvq mgvRm‡PZb GK Kwei Awbevh© dmj Ñ †mUvI mg_©b‡hvM¨ g‡b K‡ibwb KweZvi m¤úv`K| KweZvi 1351 e½v‡ãi ˆPÎ msL¨vq Rxebvb‡›`i gnvc„w_ex Avi mgi †m‡bi wZbcyiæl QvovI Av‡iv K‡qKwU eB‡qi m‡½ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q †k‡lv³wU m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb : ÔZuvi ivR‰bwZK †SuvK cÖ_g †_‡KB ¯úó; G-eB‡q wZwb cÖvq ivR‰bwZK mvsevw`KZv K‡i‡Qb| DuPz`‡ii mvsevw`KZv m‡›`n †bB, wKš‘ Kwei Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv Ab¨-wKQy|Õ ÔKweZvi bv‡g mvsevw`KZvÕ Zuvi Kv‡Q ÔAv‡ÿ‡ci welqÕ g‡b n‡qwQj| †mB Av‡ÿc Av‡iv Mfxi n‡qwQj Ñ

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ÔhLb mgi †m‡bi g‡Zv kw³kvjx‡K GB mvgvwRKZvq AeZxY© nÕ‡ZÕ †`‡LwQ‡jb| GB mgv‡jvPbvq Zuvi AvcwË n‡jv : ÔKwe hv Abyfe K‡i‡Qb Zv †j‡Lbwb, hv †f‡e‡Qb Zv-B wj‡L‡Qb|Õ eyׇ`e jÿ K‡iwQ‡jb, Av‡jvP¨ MÖ‡š’ K‡qKwU KweZv I MÖn‡Yi Kwe ÔPwK‡Z wgwj‡q hv‡”Qb|Õ Zuvi g‡Z : ÔKweZvq wPšÍvi ¯’vb wbðq Av‡Q, wKš‘ Zv‡K Abyf‚wZi i‡m `ªe nevi mgq w`‡Z nq Ñ G-eB‡q mgi †mb me©Î Zv †`bwb|Õ eQiLv‡bK Av‡M cÖKvwkZ Zuvi PZz_© Kve¨MÖš’ †Lvjv wPwV, KweZv‡ZB mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q ïiæ‡ZB g½jvPiY P‡Ævcva¨vq Zuvi AvZ¥‡ivgš’‡bi A‡gvN P‡µ aiv cov‡K †kvPbxq cwiYwZ g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb, hv Zuvi f³‡`i †evanq Amnbxq n‡qwQj| Z‡e Av‡jvP¨ iPbvi †k‡l mgi †m‡bi G-eB‡qi KweZv Kxfv‡e Zuv‡K AvK…ó K‡i‡Q, D`vniY-D×…wZmn Zz‡j a‡i Dcmsnv‡i e‡j‡Qb : Ômgi †m‡bi Kv‡Q GL‡bv A‡bK-wKQy Avkv Kiv P‡j Avi ga¨weË g‡bi `ytmn AÜKv‡iI Avi GKevi bZzb KÕ‡i Rxe‡bi cÖwZ Av¯’v ivwL|Õ Zuvi Kve¨PP©vq †k‡li w`‡K mgi †mb KwgDwb÷ Av‡›`vj‡bi Z`vbxšÍb Pwi‡Î Av¯’vkxj _vK‡Z cv‡ibwb| we‡klZ K_vq I Kv‡R wØPvwiZv †`‡L wb‡R‡K mwi‡q wb‡qwQ‡jb| wb‡Ri †jLv‡jwL wel‡q wZwb Drmvn nvwi‡q †djvi KviY †Kb †j‡Lb bv Avi, gnv‡k¦Zv †`exi G-cÖ‡kœi Dˇi e‡jwQ‡jb, Ôfv‡jv jv‡M bv, Rv‡bb?Õ gnv‡k¦Zv Zuvi GB wbivmw³ wel‡q wb‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb : ÔwjL‡ZB fv‡jv jv‡M bv| fv‡jv jvMv nvwi‡q hvw”Qj| bKkvj ivRbxwZi g‡a¨ GZ `j fvM Zuv‡K DwØMœ KiZ| cwðge‡½ evgd«›U miKvi ÿgZvq Avm‡Z wZwb cÖ_‡g DrmvwnZ n‡qwQ‡jb| c‡i hLb †ev‡Sb †h †NvlYv I Kg©cš’vq mvhyR¨ _vK‡Q bv, †mUvI Zuv‡K cxwoZ K‡i| mgi †mb BwZevPK e¨vcvi †`L‡Z PvB‡Zb| †mRb¨I wQj A‡cÿv, wKš‘ wZwb kvixwiK Ae¯’v‡b †hLv‡b wQ‡jb, nq‡Zv †bwZevPK e¨vcviUvB Zuvi †MvP‡i †cuŠQZ|Õ d¨vwm÷we‡ivax †jLK I wkíx m•N-cÖKvwkZ myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨vq I †Mvjvg KzÏym-msKwjZ GKm~‡Î bvgK msKj‡bi mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q KweZv cwÎKvq (8 : 4 ˆPÎ 1349) wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔGKm~‡ÎÕi AwaKvsk KweivB Ôk~b¨gvMx© AvšÍR©vwZKZvqÕ AvkÖq Luy‡R‡Qb| RvZxq msK‡Ui cUf‚wgKvq, `yt‡Li m‡½ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡”Q, ÔGKm~‡ÎÕ c‡o wbZvšÍ nZvk n‡qwQ|Õ A_P mgi †m‡bi KweZv †h ivR‰bwZK mgmvgwqKZv‡K AvkÖq K‡i iwPZ n‡”Q e‡j eyׇ`e µgk Am‡šÍvl cÖKvk Ki‡Z wØav K‡ib Ñ GgbwK mÄq fÆvPvh©I Zuvi we‡ivax wkwe‡i †_‡KI ey‡SwQ‡jb ÔiƒcK‡íI wZwb ˆewkó¨ †`Lv‡Z mg_© n‡q‡Qb|Õ Zv m‡Ë¡I mÄq ¯úóZ e‡jwQ‡jb : Ômgi †mb ga¨weË Rxe‡bi †bwZevPK w`KwU‡K G‡Zv †ewk D¾¡j K‡i Zz‡jwQ‡jb, hvi `iæb wZwb †kl ch©šÍ K¬vwšÍKi|Õ GQvov GKB gšÍ‡e¨i Ab¨ As‡k wZwb GI e‡j‡Qb : Ômgi †m‡bi KweZv µ‡g iæÿ nvnvKvi w`‡q‡Q| we`ªƒc-wel Qwo‡q‡Q, gvayh© †`qwb|Õ A_P eyׇ`‡ei g‡Z, Zuvi Kve¨PP©vi cÖ_g c‡e© Ômgi †mb †ivgvw›UK nevi ficyi B‡”Q wb‡qI †ivgvw›UK nÕ‡Z cv‡ibwb e‡j mgi †mb †h-`xN©k¦vm †d‡jwQ‡jb ZviB bvg ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕ|Õ GZ AímsL¨K KweZv wj‡LI mgi †mb mvwnZ¨RMr †_‡K †¯^”Qvwbe©vmb wb‡jI Ñ Av‡Rv †h AvaywbK KweZvi weeZ©bwelqK Av‡jvPbvq Aek¨ D”PvwiZ GKwU bvg Ñ Zvi ¯’vqx wmj‡gvni w`‡qwQ‡jb eyׇ`e, KweZvq K‡qKwU KweZvi Av‡jvPbvq| Zuvi †kl ch©v‡qi KweZvi w`Ke`j wb‡q eyׇ`e Lywk nbwb, wKš‘

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mgi †mb‡K evwZjI K‡i †`bwb eis Amg‡qvwPZ cÖ¯’vb‡K GK e„nr wRÁvmvi mvg‡b DÌvcb K‡i wZwb 1945-G cÖkœ Zz‡jwQ‡jb : ÔAZ¨šÍ ZiæY eq‡m AZ¨šÍ cwiYZ g‡bi cwiPq w`‡q wZwb wK †hŠe‡bi cwic~Y© FZz‡ZB wbt‡kwlZ n‡q †M‡jb?Õ 1351-i †miv KweZv bv‡g †Mvcvj †fŠwgK-m¤úvw`Z msKj‡bi A¯^vÿwiZ mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q eyׇ`e emy KweZv cwÎKvq (Avwk¦b 1352) wj‡LwQ‡jb : Ôm¤úv`K f‚wgKvq e‡j‡Qb †h evsjvi Kweiv †h AvR ÔmgvRwegyLZvi gvivZ¥K c_ Z¨vM K‡i mgvRgyLxÕ n‡q D‡V‡Qb, GUv Ômy‡Li K_vÕ| ÔmgvRwegyLÕ, ÔmgvRgyLxÕ, Gme K_v A¯úó| hvB †nvK, m¤úv`‡Ki cwifvlv e¨envi K‡iB wR‡Ám Kwi †h Avgv‡`i AvaywbK Kweiv hLb Ôe¨w³ ¯^vZš¿¨ev`x `y‡e©va mgvRwegyLÕ wQ‡jb, ZLb Zuviv hv wj‡L‡Qb Zvi m‡½ wK †Kv‡bv Zzjbv nq Zuv‡`i GLbKvi ÔmgvRgyLxÕ iPbvi? `„óvšÍ¯^iƒc GB MÖ‡š’iB AšÍM©Z mgi †mb I myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi iPbv `ywU c‡o wK G-K_v g‡bI Avmv m¤¢e †h GuivB ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕ I Ôc`vwZ‡KÕi †jLK?Õ

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evsjv Kve¨RM‡Z KweZvi m‡½ wbiæ³i we‡ivwaZv mgmvgwqKKv‡j †ek fqsKi iƒc aviY K‡iwQj| wbiæ³i m¤úv`Kxq iPbvq Avµg‡Yi jÿ¨ n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb mgi †mb| KweZvq eyׇ`e-wjwLZ K‡qKwU KweZvi mgv‡jvPbv cÖKv‡ki mgmvgwqKKv‡j a~R©wUcÖmv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq Ag„ZevRvi cwÎKvq (Ryb 13, 1937) †h-Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ‡jb, Zv‡Z mÄq Lywk n‡Z cv‡ibwb| †mB K_v mćqi †Kv‡bv c‡Î Rvb‡Z †c‡i a~R©wUcÖmv` Zuv‡K Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb : ÔGKUv K_v †Zvgv‡K †LvjvLywj wjLwQ| mZ¨ DËi †`‡e? Avgvi mgi †m‡bi review-Uv Zzwg ï‡bQ, bv c‡oQ? hw` c‡o _vK Z‡e Avi GKevi co‡Z Aby‡iva KiwQ| Avgvi g‡b nq †mLv‡b Avwg Zv‡K †invB †`Bwb| Z‡e Zvi †jLv Avgvi fv‡jv jv‡M, Ges †Kb fv‡jv jv‡M hv ey‡SwQ Zvi Bw½Z w`‡qwQ| Zvi †ewk ej‡Z Aÿg, mÿgI hw` nZvg Z‡e ¯’vbvfv‡ei Rb¨ wek` Ki‡Z cviZvg bv|Õ hv‡nvK GB c‡Î wZwb mÄq‡K civgk© w`‡qwQ‡jb : ÔZzwg †`LwQ fxlY P‡UQ mg‡iiI Ici, †Zvgvi fvlvi fw½‡Z ZvB g‡b nq| ZvB †Zvgvi mgv‡jvPbv `‡gwb, dz‡U‡Q Av‡µvk| ZzwgB †jL bv †Kb †Zvgvi fv‡jv jv‡M bv, †Zvgvi fvlv Av‡Q, wb‡R Kwe, im‡eva Av‡Q, ZvQvov fv‡jv-bv-jvMvi KviY †`Lvb Avgvi fv‡jvjvMvi KviY †`Lvb-i †P‡q †mvRv|Õ eyׇ`‡ei †jLv K‡qKwU KweZvi mgv‡jvPbvwU KweZvq cÖKv‡ki mgq †mwUi wk‡ivbvg wQj Ôbe‡hŠe‡bi KweZvÕ| †mB Av‡jvPbvq e›`xi e›`bvi m‡½ K‡qKwU KweZvi Zzjbv K‡i wZwb wj‡LwQ‡jb : Ô†h-iKg eq‡m mgi †mb Zuvi ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕ wj‡L‡Qb, †m-iKg eq‡mB Avwg Ôe›`xi e›`bvÕi KweZv¸wj wj‡LwQjyg; GB `yB be‡hŠe‡bi Kve¨ g‡b-g‡b Zzjbv Ki‡Z fv‡jv jvM‡Q| BwZg‡a¨ AvU-`k eQi †K‡U †M‡Q; †`‡ki nvIqv Av‡iv wKQy e`‡j‡Q; Zzjbv Ki‡j GB‡UB †`Lv hv‡e †h ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕ KvjcÖfv‡e wKQy †ewk ÔAvaywbKÕ, Ges †jL‡Ki ¯^fv‡ei cÖfv‡e wKQy †ewk mxgve×| Ôe›`xi e›`bvÕi we‡`ªvn wQ‡jv e¨w³MZ ev gvbweK, ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕi we‡`ªv‡ni Drm mvgvwRK we‡iva I †kÖYx-msNl©| wb‡Ri gyw³i Rb¨ mgi †mb e¨¯Í bb, Avi weavZv‡K, Awfkvc †`evi Rb¨I, KL‡bv Zuvi Kv‡e¨ †U‡b Av‡bbwb| †mŠ›`‡h©i Dcjwäi c‡_ †h-evav †mUv Zuvi c‡ÿ wfZiKvi bq, evB‡ii; AvZ¥we‡iva bq, e„nr mgvR-¯^v‡_©i m‡½ ÿz`ª †kÖYx-¯^v‡_©i we‡iva|Õ eZ©gvb iPbvi Z…Zxq Aby‡”Q‡`,

eyׇ`e iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖm½ †U‡b G‡b ej‡Z wØav K‡ibwb : ÔGB hyeK-Kwe †hb iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖfv‡e KL‡bvB c‡obwb, †mUv Avgvi Avðh© jv‡M| ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕq †h-iKg m‡PZb I wZh©K fw½‡Z iex›`ª-Kve¨ D×…Z Kiv Av‡Q, Zv‡ZB †evSv hvq †h Avgv‡`i †hgb cÖ_g †hŠe‡b wbtk¦v‡mi evZvmB wQ‡jv iex›`ª-Kve¨, G-Kwei †m-iKg bq| evsjv KweZvi †h-HwZn¨m¤ú` iex›`ªbv‡_i m„wó, GB bexb Kwe †mLv‡b †hb †Kv‡bv Aej¤^b Lyu‡R cvbwb|Õ mgi †m‡bi iPbvq ¯úk©KvZi my›`i †hŠeb‡K †`‡L Awff‚Z eyׇ`e wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔGB †Qv‡Uv eBLvbvi g‡a¨B Av‡Q cwiYwZi Avfvm| Kv‡e¨i iƒc `L‡j Avbvi cÖv_wgK †Póvi Aí c‡iB †`Lv hvq, wfZiKvi K_vUv Pvcv Av‡jvi g‡Zv we”QzwiZ| kw³kvjx ZiæY Kwe cÖ_g D”Q¡v‡mi †Suv‡K †h-AvwZkh¨ K‡i _v‡Kb, Ges †h-AvwZkh¨ gvR©bxq, GgbwK kÖ‡×q n‡Z cv‡i Ñ AevK n‡q †`LwQ GB iPbv¸wj‡Z Zvi †Kv‡bv wPý †bB|Õ c~‡e©v³ mgv‡jvPbv cÖKv‡ki mgmvgwqKKv‡jB cwiPq cwÎKvq (fv`ª 1344) gyw`ªZ nq weòz †`-i GKwU wbeÜ, Zv‡Z mgq †m‡bi KweZv wel‡q Zuvi gšÍe¨ : ÔwZwb Avw½‡Ki w`K †_‡K, Avgv‡`i `yf©vM¨Z, KweZv †_‡K M‡`¨, M`¨ †_‡K KweZvq bv †M‡jI Zuvi fvlv e¨envi KweZviB, M‡`¨i bq| fvlv Zuvi Aek¨B M`¨ e¨vKi‡Yi, wKš‘ cÖ‡qvMixwZ KweZvi g‡Zv H›`ªRvwjK, M‡`¨i g‡Zv weZK©evnK bq| cÖZ¨q-cÖwZÁvq Zuvi gb P‡j bv, ZvB Zuvi M`¨ Kve¨vj¼v‡i gwÐZ n‡q wb‡R‡K I cvVK‡K ¯Íw¤¢Z K‡i bv; Zuvi KweZvi Avavi ¯^Kxq RMr evwb‡q cÖÁvc‡_ G‡m mvÿv‡Z `uvovq|Õ GB Av‡jvPbvq iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖm½ G‡b weòz †` wjL‡jb : Ômgi †m‡bi KweZv †h-†Kv‡bv †jv‡KvËi k~‡b¨i Rxe bq, †mB‡UB Zuvi KxwZ©i m~Pbv| ZvB Zuvi Kv‡e¨ iex›`ªbv_-jvwjZ KiæY welv`, kvj-gûqv-e‡b, K…òP‚ovi Wv‡j-Wv‡j, Puv‡`i cvÐzi Av‡jvq, cvnv‡oi `~i bx‡j, kn‡ii G‡jv‡g‡jv Mwj‡Z, `~i w`M‡šÍ w¯’wZ cvq| Avi †m w¯’wZ ¯^Kxq fvimvg¨ cvq Kwei wb‡Ri cÖ_g †hŠe‡bi ¯^vfvweK †`nweZ…òv Avi wdwj÷vBb kixi-me©¯^Zvi AvZzi K¬všÍ Av‡e‡k Ges mgvR-Rxe‡bi gg©vwšÍK e¨_©Zv‡ev‡a| GB e¨_©Zv‡ev‡ai m¤¢vebvi Rb¨B mgi †m‡bi eZ©gv‡b ÿvšÍ bv n‡q cvV‡Kiv Zuvi fwel¨‡Z Avkvwš^Z|Õ eQi`yB c‡i myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi c`vwZ‡Ki m‡½ MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZvi Av‡jvPbv Kivi mgq PZzi½ cwÎKvq (ˆPÎ 1346) †`excÖmv` P‡Ævcva¨vq, mgi †mb‡K ÔAvðh© m~² imvby‡evam¤úbœ eyw×RxexÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔmsMÖv‡g, Ges msMÖv‡gi ci gy³Rxe‡bi Bw½‡Z wZwb mvov †`b| ZeyI eyw×Rxex g‡bi c‡ÿ e¨w³‡K›`ª m¤ú~Y© KvwU‡q IVv nj bv| wØav I Ø›Ø, Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv e¨vnZ m~² gwZ, m~² Kíbv Zuvi KweZvq cybive„wËi iƒc MÖnY K‡i‡Q|Õ cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi c`vwZK Kve¨MÖš’ Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ KweZvq (†cŠl 1347) eyׇ`e e‡j‡Qb : K‡qKwU KweZv cÖKvkKv‡j mgi †mb ZiæYZg Kwe wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ n‡jI myfvl gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi Avwef©v‡e †mB Cl©v‡hvM¨ Avmb mgi †m‡bi †e`Lj n‡q‡Q| mvg¨ev`x ev mgvR‡PZbvi †h-bZzb aviv evsjv KweZvq †`Lv w`‡q‡Q, †mB cÖengvbZv wel‡q eyׇ`e †mB iPbvq wj‡LwQ‡jb : Ôevsjv KweZvq GB ai‡bi mgvR‡PZbv mgi †m‡bi ÿz`ª iPbv¸wj‡ZB Avgiv cÖ_g cvB; Avgv‡`i Kve¨RM‡Z †h Av‡›`vjb wZwb Av‡bb Zvi dj GZ`~i Mwo‡q‡Q †h GLb kw³kvjx AvaywbK Kwe‡`i A‡b‡KB mgvR wecø‡ei AvMgbx Mvb MvB‡Qb| wKš‘ mgi †mb wb‡R

†gvngy³ eyw×Rxexi f‚wgKvB eivei eRvq †i‡L Avm‡Qb|Õ PZzi½ cwÎKvq †`excÖmv` P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi Av‡jvPbv cÖKv‡ki cÖvq mvZ gv‡mi e¨eav‡b KweZvq (KvwZ©K 1347) GKwU mgv‡jvPbv wbeÜ wj‡LwQ‡jb Awgq PµeZx© Ñ wk‡ivbvg ÔSY©v-Q‡›`i Kve¨Õ| MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZv c‡o wZwb Zuvi AwfgZ Rvbv‡jb : Ômgieveyi †jLvq cwi”QbœZvi Av`k© jÿ¨ K‡iwQ| Abb¨Zvi mvabvq fv‡ei g~j m~Î A`„k¨cÖvq n‡q‡Q, mswkøó ev‡K¨i wZh©Kf½x Bkvivq K_v bv e‡j RwUjZvi m„wó K‡i‡Q ZviI cÖgvY Av‡Q| DMÖ Dcgv †hLv‡b gb‡K cÖwZnZ K‡i‡Q, Zuvi `„wói m‡½ †g‡jwb Zv‡K gvb&e †Kb Ñ Aek¨ cvV‡Ki g‡bI e¨w³MZ evav jywK‡q _v‡K| wKš‘ wePvi‡Ki Avm‡b e‡m ÎæwUi ZvwjKv evi Kievi AwaKvi ev kw³ Avgv‡`i A‡b‡KiB †bB †h‡nZz †`k Ges Kv‡ji `ªæZ avivq AvewZ©Z n‡q Kz‡ji mÜvb cvBwb| mgmvgwqK Kwe‡Z¡i mÜvb †c‡j †mB‡U cig jvf| †mB cig jv‡fi †LvivK ÔMÖnYÕ-G Qov‡bv|Õ Av‡jvP¨ Av‡jvPbv m¤ú‡K© cwiPq cwÎKvq (AMÖnvqY 1347) Ô2Õ Av`¨ÿ‡i D‡jø‡L wniYKzgvi mvb¨vj c~‡e©v³ mgv‡jvPbvi cÖksmv K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔMÖnYÕ-Gi KweZv‡K Awgqevey SY©Q‡›`i KweZv AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb| GB AvL¨v AvaywbK M`¨KweZvi g‡a¨ GKgvÎ mgi †m‡bi KweZv m¤^‡ÜB Lv‡U, †Kbbv GKgvÎ Zuvi M`¨KweZvq Q‡›`i †`vj cvIqv hvq| mgieveyi †mŠfvM¨ †h Awgqeveyi cvKv nv‡Z Zuvi eB mgv‡jvPbvi fvi c‡owQj| †Kbbv Zuvi KweZvi DrKl© evQvB evQvB D×…wZi mvnv‡h¨ †h-fv‡e Awgqevey Avgv‡`i †Pv‡L AvOyj w`‡q †`wL‡q‡Qb Zv Lye Kg mgv‡jvPKB cvi‡Zb|Õ jÿ Kivi welq, Ôwbi¼zk KweÕ wk‡ivbv‡g cÖeÜ wj‡L wbiæ³ cwÎKvq (1 : 2 †cŠl 1347) mÄq fÆvPvh© evsjv KweZvq evgcš’v, `y‡e©va¨Zv I Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i cÖfve‡K KUvÿ K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔBwjq‡Ui `y‡e©va¨Zv‡KB m¤^j K‡i evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i GK`j Ôeyw×RxexÕ Kwe w`‡bi ci w`b evsjv KweZv‡K cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q A¯ú„k¨ K‡i Zzj‡Qb| A‡W‡b wesk kZKxq qy‡ivcxq ga¨we‡Ëi gvbwmK cwiYwZi wPÎ Av‡Q, ga¨weË i‡³ De©kxi ¯úk© cvevi Rb¨ AvKzjZv †bB| †¯úÛv‡i KweZv fwel¨r ïf mgvRe¨e¯’vi Avkvq D¾¡j Ñ eZ©gvb mgvRe¨e¯’vi cÖwZ gøvb wb‡¯ÍR we`ªƒ‡c c½y bq| A_P AbeiZ GwjqU, A‡Wb, †¯úÛv‡ii †`vnvB w`‡q Avgv‡`i GB Ôeyw×RxexÕ Kwei `j Kwe †LZv‡ei D‡g`vix K‡i †eov‡”Qb; †k‡l wb‡R‡`i m¤§wZ‡ZB wb‡Riv Kwe n‡q e‡m‡Qb, †h‡nZz iex›`ªbv_ GLb Avi D”PevP¨ Ki‡Z Pvb bv|Õ jÿYxq a~R©wUcÖmv` 1347 e½v‡ãi ˆekvL msL¨v cwiPq cwÎKvq Ôiex›`ªbv‡_i cÖfve I AvaywbK mvwnZ¨Õ kxl©K †h-mgv‡jvPbv wj‡LwQ‡jb †mwUi Aej¤^b wQj, Awgq PµeZx©i GKgy‡Vv, mgi †m‡bi MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZv Ges wkwkKvšÍi AjKvb›`v| Awgq Ges mg‡ii Kve¨ `ywU‡K be¨ mvwn‡Z¨i ch©v‡q D‡jøL Kivi KviY wn‡m‡e Zuvi hyw³ : ÔZviv cyi‡bv K_v we¯Íi K_vq e‡jbwb, wbijsKv‡i, ¯^í I KvUvKvUv fvlvq hv bZzb g‡b K‡ib ZvB ej‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb, Ges †mRb¨ Avw½‡Ki hZUv cwieZ©b Aek¨¤¢vex †f‡e‡Qb ZvB Avb‡Z m‡Pó n‡q‡Qb|Õ eZ©gvb Av‡jvPbvi †klvs‡k G‡m wZwb mgi †m‡bi KweZvq gyw³i Avqvm bv †`L‡Z cvIqvi cÖm½ G‡b wj‡LwQ‡jb : Ômg‡ii Kve¨MÖš’ cÖavbZ mvgvwRK| hvi cÖZxK GB KjKvZvi RxebhvÎv, †mB e¨_©Zvi cÖwZf‚ wn‡m‡e Zvi KweZvi GKZ¡|Õ Zv m‡Ë¡I mvgwMÖKfv‡e mgi †m‡bi KweZv m¤ú‡K© wZwb wb‡Ri wePvi wKQyUv ¯úó Ki‡Z D‡jøL K‡iwQ‡jb : Ôe¨_©Zv‡evaRwbZ fv‡ei HK¨ I mxgv‡ev‡ai HK¨, `ywUB AwZ mn‡R bZzb‡Z¡i I cÖvPz‡h©¨i cÖwZK‚j n‡q I‡V| ZvB N‡UI‡Q| mg‡ii cÖ_g KweZv

13

c‡o DjøwmZ nB, cÖ_g KweZv-msMÖn c‡o cÖkœ I‡V GBevi †Kvb avi, wØZxq cy¯Í‡K †mB cÖ‡kœi DËi †cjvg bv| ÔMÖn‡YÕi `y-GKwU jvBb Qvov Ggb †Kv‡bv cÖgvY †cjvg bv, e³…Zvi cÖgvY, D”Q¡v‡mi cÖgvY ejwQ bv, hv‡Z Avwg †Rvi Mjvq ej‡Z cvwi †h mg‡ii e¨_©Zv‡ev‡ai AšÍ‡i GKUv bT_©K mgvR‡eva _vK‡jI Zvi wcQ‡b GKUv †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡ii we‡k¦vcjwä Av‡Q|Õ Av‡jvP¨ Kvjc‡e© mgi †m‡bi KweZvq QÙ mvg¨ev` ev wecø‡ei Qwe aiv n‡q‡Q, Zvi K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPbv K‡iwQ‡jb m‡ivR `Ë, AMÖYx cwÎKvq (GwcÖj 1340) ÔAwZ AvaywbK evsjv KweZvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g, MÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZvi Av‡jvPbvq| Zuvi Awf‡hvM : Ô†h ga¨weË Rxe‡bi mwnZ Zuvnvi Rb¥MZ I HwZn¨MZ cÖvZ¨wnK cwiPq Zvnvi MwjZ, ¯’vei I bcysmK iƒcwUB Zuvnvi †Pv‡L cwoj, A_P B¯úvZ-KwVb †h Ask e¨w³MZ fvev`‡k© wKsev wbôzi cvwicvwk¦©KZvi AvNv‡Z wecøe-cÖev‡ni mwnZ Avcbv‡K wgkvBqv w`qv‡Q I w`‡Z‡Q Zvnvi K‡Vvi my›`i iƒc, Zvnvi †kÖYxwePz¨wZi †e`bv-BwZnvm, Zvnvi eyw×we`» Avkvev‡`i †Kv‡bv Avfvm kÖxhyZ †m‡bi Kv‡e¨ †g‡j bv| kÖxhyZ †mb †h Kve¨ Av‡›`vj‡bi DËi-mvabv Kwi‡Z‡Qb Zvnv AZx‡Z ga¨weË cwiPvwjZ wecøex Av‡›`vjb‡K D‡cÿv Kwiqv‡Q Ñ Amn‡hvM, AvBb Agvb¨ I mš¿vmev‡`i mwnZ †Kv‡bv m¤úK©B iv‡L bvB, ZvB AvR mvg¨ev`x Av‡›`vj‡bi mwnZ Zvnvi GB HwZn¨nxb GKZ¡‡ev‡ai cðv‡Z †h weivU cÖeÂbv iwnqv‡Q Zvnv‡Z Avðh© nBevi wKQyB bvB|Õ wZwb GI g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi KweZv mvavi‡Yi Ô†evaMg¨Õ bq, †mme ÔIntellectual CliqueÕ-Gi Rb¨ †jLv| Zuvi gZ : ÔcvVK-m¤úª`v‡qi cÖwZ GB mvbybvwmK Ae‡njvÕ Avcbvi Kve¨‡K me©mvavi‡Yi Dc‡fvM nB‡Z euvPvBqv `y‡e©va¨ Kwievi GB Mj`Ng© cÖqvm, Bnv Avi hvnvB nDK, wecøex g‡bvfv‡ei cwiPvqK b‡n| gmx‡KŠjx‡b¨i Awfgv‡b kÖxhyZ †mb AvR Av‡U©i cÖPviiƒc I Communicativeness-†K c‡ivÿfv‡e A¯^xKvi Kwi‡Z‡Qb|Õ G-Awfg‡Zi wec‡ÿ AMÖYx‡Z c‡ii gv‡mB DËi wj‡LwQ‡jb mgi †mb, †m-gšÍ‡e¨iI weiæ×vPiY K‡i GKB msL¨vq `xN© cÖZz¨Ëi wj‡LwQ‡jb m‡ivRKzgvi `Ë| cieZx© Kve¨MÖš’ bvbvK_v cÖKv‡ki ci a~R©wUcÖmv` cwiP‡q (dvêyb 1349) †h-mgv‡jvPbv wj‡L‡Qb Zv‡Z cÖvmw½Kfv‡e Zuvi †QvU AvKv‡ii KweZv wel‡q mK‡ji wcÖqZvi K_v D‡jøL Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, bvbvK_v c‡o A‡b‡K bvwK gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb : ÔLvc Qvov, Ab¨ †QvU KweZvi gZb Nb bqÕ| a~R©wUcÖmv`I Zuvi mgv‡jvPbvq AwewgkÖ cÖksmv bv K‡i Rvwb‡q‡Qb : ÔKweiI wK cwiYwZ †bB, Zvi Kve¨‡eva hw` cÖmvwiZ n‡q mgvR‡ev‡ai w`‡K AMÖmi nq Z‡e †Kv‡bv cvV‡Ki, †Kv‡bv mgv‡jvP‡KiB AwaKvi †bB, ÿgZv †bB, evav †`evi| mgi †mb GwM‡q P‡j‡Q H w`‡K GUv Avgv‡`i MÖnY Ki‡ZB n‡e Ñ Zvici Ab¨ K_v| wKš‘ GB Ab¨ K_vi g‡a¨ GKUv `iKvix K_v GB, AMÖ¯§„wZUv †Rvi cv‡q, bv Luywo‡q, Zvi wcQb-Uvb Av‡Q wK †bB| hw` †Rvi K`‡g nq, hw` wcQb-Uvb bv _v‡K Z‡eB mgš^q cvIqv hv‡e| wKš‘ Lye gb w`‡q c‡oI Zv cvBwb|Õ wKš‘ gYx›`ª ivq KweZv‡ZB (Avwk¦b 1349) Av‡jvPbv K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb : ÔKwei Kve¨v`k© GLv‡b Av‡MKvi eB `yBLvwbi gZ †KejgvÎ ga¨weË †kÖYxi Aeÿ‡qi jÿY wP·YB mv½ bq| GLv‡b Kwe †PvL wdwi‡q‡Qb cÖ_gZ wb‡Ri w`‡K, Zvici mgv‡Ri w`‡K Ñ mvabv P‡j‡Q e¨w³‡K Kx K‡i mgwói g‡a¨ wejxb Kiv hvq|Õ Dcmsnv‡i wZwb G-I Rvbv‡jb : Ô†gv‡Ui Ici ÔK‡qKwU KweZvÕ I ÔMÖnYÕ †cwi‡q ÔbvbvK_vÕ welqe¯‘ I Avw½K, GB `yB w`K †_‡KB Avi GKwU wewkó avc| Ges ej‡Z AvcwË †bB Avgiv A‡b‡K †h Avk¼v K‡iwQjvg Ñ mgi †mb †h ai‡bi

14

M`¨ †j‡Lb Zv‡Z AwP‡iB ixwZgZ AiæwP ïiæ n‡e Ñ Kwe GB cÖKvk K‡i †mUv‡K G‡Kev‡i Ah_v cÖwZcbœ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|Õ Zuvi wZbcyiæl Kve¨MÖš’ cÖKv‡ki ci g½jvPiY P‡Ævcva¨vq cwiPq (†cŠl 1352) cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ mgv‡jvPbvq Zuvi Ôe¨w³MZ mvwnwZ¨K BwZnvmÕ ¯§iY K‡i wj‡LwQ‡jb : Ômgievey GKRb kw³gvb AvaywbK Kwe Ges Zvi wØZxq Kve¨MÖš’, 1940-G cÖKvwkZ ÔMÖnY I Ab¨vb¨ KweZvÕi iPbvKvj †_‡K ÔivRbxwZÕi (gvK©mxq ivRbxwZi) I Ôfve‡jv‡KiÕ (g~j `vk©wbK gZev‡`i Ges Ø›Øg~jK e¯‘ev‡`i eûgyLx e¨vL¨vi) Ô†cÖiYvÕq Av¯’vI Zuvi AK…wÎg, A_P 1944-G cÖKvwkZ Zuvi AvaywbKZg KweZvi eB ÔwZbcyiælÕ co‡Z wM‡q GB K_vUvB evievi g‡b n‡jv †h, ÔivRbxwZÕi Ôfve‡jv‡KiÕ weï× Ô†cÖiYvÕ MZ Pvi-cuvP eQ‡i Kwei e¨w³‡PZbvi m‡½ mgwó‡PZbvi mgxKi‡Yi Kv‡R Zuv‡K GKwZjI AMÖmi n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡iwb!Õ Zey `xN© Av‡jvPbvi †k‡l AvRKvj wZwb Kg wjL‡Qb e‡j k¼v cÖKvk K‡iwQ‡jb| GB Av‡jvPbv cÖKv‡ki cÖvq `yB `k‡Ki AwaKKvj AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci PZzi½ (kÖveY 1374) cwÎKvq `xN©Zg Av‡jvPbv-wbeÜwU wj‡LwQ‡jb Ag‡j›`y emy| g‡b ivLv `iKvi †mwU wjwLZ n‡qwQj cÖvq †Z‡iv eQi Av‡M cÖKvwkZ mgi †m‡bi KweZv msKj‡bi wØZxq ms¯‹iY Aej¤^b K‡i| †mB †jLvq, mgi †m‡bi †klKv‡e¨ cÖPzi m¤¢vebv †`‡LI Zuvi ÿvwšÍ‡Z wePwjZ †eva K‡iwQ‡jb mgv‡jvPK| wVK †Kvb mgq †_‡K mgi †mb cÖKvk¨fv‡e KweZv †jLvq ÿvwšÍ w`‡qwQ‡jb, †m-wel‡q cyjK P›`ª Rvwb‡q‡Qb ÔGKwU AcÖKvwkZ KweZvÕ bv‡g †mB Kve¨bgybvwU cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ Zuvi me©‡kl †gŠwjK KweZv| Z‡e Zvi †ZBk-PweŸk eQi Av‡MB wZwb KweZv †jLv eÜ K‡iwQ‡jb e‡jB A‡b‡Ki †jLvq D‡jøL Av‡Q| MZ kZ‡Ki lv‡Ui `k‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K mgi †m‡bi Kve¨RMr †_‡K †¯^”Qv wbe©vmb wb‡q cÎcwÎKvq Zuvi DËim~wi Kwe‡`i A‡bK wejvc †kvbv †M‡Q| g‡b nq cÎcwÎKvi Avmi †_‡K wZwb wb‡R‡K mwi‡q wb‡jI Avey mqx` AvBqye nx‡i›`ªbv_ gy‡Lvcva¨vq-m¤úvw`Z AvaywbK evsjv KweZv (1940) cÖKv‡ki ci †_‡KB AwaKvsk cÖvgvwYK msKj‡bB Zuvi KweZv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| †mB aviv‡ZB me©‡kl ms‡hvRb kvšÍby `vm iæ‡`ª›`y miKvi-m¤úvw`Z ¯^wbe©vwPZ (†m‡Þ¤^i 1970) bv‡gi msKj‡b, wb‡Ri evQvB Kiv KweZv, †mwU cÖ_g KweZv cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj Ñ ÔGKgvÎ †Zvgv‡KB mZ¨ e‡j gvwbÕ gy`ª‡Y m¤§wZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| Gi Av‡M wZwb AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi cÖ_g js †cøwqs †iK‡W© †cÖ‡g›`ª-eyׇ`e cÖgyL Kwei m‡½ wb‡Ri KÉ `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| GUv jÿ Kivi welq, KweZvi cÖv½Y †_‡K wb‡R‡K m¤ú~Y© mwi‡q wb‡jI Ñ Drmvnx‡`i KvQ †_‡K †Kb mwi‡q wb‡qwQ‡jb Zvi †Kv‡bv DËi w`‡Z AvMÖn †`Lvbwb| GKevi wRÁvmy wbg©jKzgvi P›`ª‡K g„`y †n‡m Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb : Ô†jLvi ZvwM` K‡g wM‡qwQj, PvKwi wbjvg, we‡q Kijvg, evRvi-msmvi-PvKwii AvÇv wb‡q w`bUv fvi †h‡Zv, mgvR-ivRbxwZ Gme wVK Av‡Mi g‡Zv eySZvg bv...|Õ Z‡e `k eQi c‡i 1974-G mˇii hxï cwÎKvq ÔnVvr Avcwb KweZv †jLv †Q‡o w`‡jb †Kb?Õ Ñ GB cÖ‡kœi mswÿß Reve wn‡m‡e e‡jwQ‡jb : ÔwVK Rvwb bv| Z‡e nqZ g‡b n‡qwQj †jLv GKUv Q‡K c‡o wM‡q‡Q, Pwe©Z PeŸ©‡Y jvf †bB|Õ GB DËiB Zuv‡K Rvbvi c‡ÿ h‡_ó Ñ †Kbbv wZwb ¯^fveZ ¯^Zš¿| h‡_ó †hvM¨Zvi AwaKvix n‡qI RbwcÖqZv‡K Zvw”Qj¨ K‡i KweZv †jLv †Q‡o †`Iqvi Kvi‡YB RxweZve¯’vq wKse`wšÍ Ñ G-D`vniY Avengv‡bi evsjv KweZvq Avi wØZxq †bB| r

cÖeÜ

iex›`ªbv‡_i †QvUMí : GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv †gvi‡k` kwdDj nvmvb

i

ex›`ªbv_ e‡jwQ‡jb evOvwj‡K Zuvi Mvb MvB‡Z n‡e| Zuvi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wkím„wó m¤ú‡K© Ggb fwel¨ØvYx wZwb K‡ibwb| Ki‡j wK †mUv Zuvi †QvUMí m¤ú‡K© n‡Zv? bvwK GB wkígva¨gwU m¤ú‡K© ZZUv AvZ¥wek¦vmx wZwb wQ‡jb bv? wKš‘ wZwb bv ej‡jI, Zuvi g„Zz¨i mva©kZvwaK eQi ci AvR Avgiv †evanq cÖej wbðqZvi m‡½B ej‡Z cvwi, mvwn‡Z¨i GB kvLvwU‡Z Zuvi †h-mvdj¨, Zvi m‡½ Zzjbxq gv‡bi `ÿZvi cwiPq Zuvi Av‡M ev c‡i evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Avi †KD w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| G‡ÿ‡Î wZwbB cw_K…r Avevi wZwbB cy‡ivav| evsjv †QvUM‡íi m~ÎcvZ Zuvi nv‡Z, Avevi wZwbB G‡K Zvi cwiYwZ‡Z †cuŠ‡Q w`‡q‡Qb| n‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb wZwb KweB| gvSc‡_ Ôg‡bi my‡LÕ Mí wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| G cÖm‡½ 1894 mv‡ji 27 Ryb wkjvB`n †_‡K Bw›`iv †`ex‡K GK wPwV‡Z wj‡LwQ‡jb, ÔAvRKvj g‡b n‡”Q hw` Avwg Avi wKQy bv K‡i †QvU †QvU Mí wjL‡Z ewm Zvn‡j KZKUv g‡bi my‡L _vwK Ges K…ZKvh© n‡Z cvi‡j nq‡Zv cuvPRb cvV‡KiI g‡bi my‡Li KviY nIqv hvq| Mí †jLevi GKUv myL GB, hv‡`i K_v wjLe Zviv Avgvi w`bivwÎi mg¯Í Aemi G‡Kev‡i f‡i †i‡L †`‡e, Avgvi GKjv g‡bi m½x n‡e, el©vi mgq Avgvi e× N‡ii msKxY©Zv `~i Ki‡e, Ges †iŠ‡`ªi mgq cÙvZx‡ii D¾¡j `„‡k¨i g‡a¨ Avgvi †Pv‡Li c‡i †ewo‡q †eov‡e|1 iex›`ªbv‡_i †QvUMí iPbvi cÖv_wgK †cÖiYv ev D‡Ï‡k¨i wKQyUv Avfvm nq‡Zv G-K_v¸‡jvi g‡a¨B cvIqv hvq| G cÖm½wUI eû-Av‡jvwPZ †h, iex›`ªbv‡_i †QvUMí iPbv I Zvi wkímv_©KZvi †cQ‡b Avgv‡`i AvR‡Ki GB evsjv‡`k bv‡g cwiwPZ f‚LÐwUi Ñ Gi cwjø-cÖK…wZ I RbRxe‡bi GKUv eo f‚wgKv Av‡Q| †mw`b hw` Rwg`vwi †`Lvi m~‡Î Zuvi c~e© evsjvq AvMgb bv NUZ, Avi b`xc‡_ G-†`‡ki GK we¯ÍxY© AÂj cwiåg‡Yi AwfÁZv wZwb AR©b bv Ki‡Zb, Zuvi A‡bK¸‡jv †miv MíB nq‡Zv †jLv n‡Zv bv| Kwei bvbv mg‡qi e³e¨ †_‡KB G-K_vi ¯^xK… wZ cvIqv hvq| †hgb 1909 mv‡ji 2 †g kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b GK AvjvcPvwiZvq wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvwg cÖ_‡g †Kej KweZvB wjLZzg, M‡í U‡í eo nvZ w`B bvB| gv‡S GKw`b evev †W‡K ej‡jb, Ñ Ô†Zvgv‡K Rwg`vixi welqKg© †`L‡Z n‡e|Õ Avwg †Zv AevK; Avwg Kwe gvbyl, c`¨U`¨ wjwL, Avwg G m‡ei wK eywS? wKš‘ evev ej‡jb Ñ ÔZv n‡e bv; †Zvgv‡K G KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ Kx Kwi? evevi ûKzg, Kv‡RB †ei‡Z nÕj| GB Rwg`vix †`Lv Dcj‡ÿ bvbv iK‡gi †jv‡Ki m‡½ †gkvi my‡hvM nq Ges GB †_‡KB Avgvi Mí †jLviI ïiæ nq|Õ1 Zuvi weL¨vZ K‡qKwU Mí †h cÙvZx‡ii cUf‚wg‡Z †jLv, †m-K_vi D‡jøL K‡i iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi ÔgvbemZ¨Õ (1339) cÖe‡Ü e‡j‡Qb, ÔmvRv`cy‡i hLb AvmZzg †Pv‡L coZ MÖvg¨Rxe‡bi wPÎ, cjøxi wewPÎ K‡g©v‡`¨vM| ZviB cÖKvk Ô†cv÷gv÷viÕ, ÔmgvwßÕ, ÔQywUÕ cÖf…wZ M‡í| Zv‡Z †jvKvj‡qi LÐ LÐ PjwZ `„k¨¸wj Kíbvi Øviv fivU Kiv n‡q‡Q|2 Zuvi GB c‡e©i Mí¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© K‡qKRb wnw›`fvlx †jLK I ¯^‡`kKgx©i m‡½ GK mvÿvrKv‡i wZwb hv

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e‡jwQ‡jb ZvI G-cÖm‡½ we‡kl cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| Avgiv GLv‡b GKUz wek`fv‡eB Zv D×…Z KiwQ :

The river system of Bengal, the best part of this province, fascinated me and I used to be quite familiar with those rivers. I got glimpses into the life of the people which appealed to me very much indeed. At first I was quite unfamiliar with the village life as I was born and brought up in Calcutta and so there was an element of mystery for me. My whole heart went out to the simple village people as I came in close contact with them. They seemed to belong to quite another world so very different from that of Calcutta. My earlier stories have this background and they describe this contact of mine with the village people. They have the freshness of youth. Before I had written these short stories there was not anything of that type in Bengali literature. No doubt Bankimchandra had written some stories but they were of a romantic type; mine were full of temperament of the village people. There was the rural atmosphere about them. ...My later stories haven’t got that freshness, that tenderness of earlier stories. 3

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ZLb ÔwnZev`xÕ‡Z cuvP nßvq cuvPLvbv †Qv‡UvMí wj‡LwQjyg| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i GwWUi K…òKgj Ñ wZwb ej‡jb, Ô†`‡Lv iwe, Zzwg hv wjLQ G wK mevB eyS‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv hv‡`i wb‡q Kvievi KiwQ, Giv wK wKQy eyS‡e| G †h high class literature|Õ nq‡Zv ZLb ew¼‡gi hyM e‡jB GB Mí Pjj bv Ñ ZLbKvi gvcKvwV‡Z h‡_ó Romance wQj bv| †m hv-B †nvK, Dwb GB‡U ejv‡Z, Avwg ZLbKvi g‡Zv †Qv‡UvMí †jLv eÜ K‡i w`jyg| GKB cÖm‡½ eª‡R›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq I mRbxKvšÍ `vm‡KI iex›`ªbv_ e‡jwQ‡jb, Mí¸wj Ômvavi‡Yi c‡ÿ ¸iæcvKÕ n‡”Q Ges ÔAviI jNy iK‡gi iPbv Avek¨KÕ K…òKg‡ji Ggb K_vq Ôwei³ n‡qÕB wZwb wnZev`x‡Z †jLv †Q‡o †`b| c~‡e©vwjøwLZ ÔwfLvwiYxÕ I ÔNv‡Ui K_vÕ ev` w`‡j, wØZxq c‡e© fviZxi ˆekvL 1305 (1898 wLªóvã) †_‡K †cŠl 1318 (1912 wLªóvã) msL¨v ch©šÍ iex›`ªbv‡_i †gvU †Z‡ivwU Mí cÖKvwkZ nq| Mí¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wQj Ô`yivkvÕ, ÔwW‡UKwUfÕ, ÔAa¨vcKÕ, ÔgwYnvivÕ, Ô`„wó`vbÕ, Ô†djÕ, ÔbóbxoÕ, ÔivmgwYi †Q‡jÕ cÖf…wZ| e½`k©b cwÎKvi 1309 m‡bi (1903 wLªóvã) dvêyb I ˆPÎ msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ nq h_vµ‡g iex›`ªbv‡_i Ô`c©niYÕ I Ôgvj¨`vbÕ Mí `ywU| cÖevmx‡Z Qvcv nq Ôgv÷vi gkvqÕ, ÔbvgÄyi MíÕ, ÔejvBÕ I Ôe`bvgÕmn †gvU QwU Mí| G¸‡jv cÖKvwkZ nq cwÎKvi Avlvp-kÖveY 1314 (1907 wLªóvã) †_‡K Avlvp 1348 (1941 wLªóvã) ch©šÍ wewfbœ msL¨vq| cÖg_ †PŠayixi m¤úv`bvq meyRcÎ cÖKvwkZ n‡j iex›`ªbv_ GB cwÎKvq Mí wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| ÔˆngšÍxÕ, Ô†evógxÕ, Ô¯¿xi cÎÕ, Ô†k‡li ivwÎÕ, Ôcqjv b¤^iÕmn Zuvi A‡bK weL¨vZ MíB meyRc‡Î cÖKvwkZ nq| cwÎKvi cÖ_g msL¨vwU‡ZB (ˆekvL 1321 e½vã/ 1914 wLªóvã) Qvcv nq Zuvi Ônvj`vi †MvôxÕ MíwU| Gici †cŠl 1324 e½vã/ 1918 wLªóvã ch©šÍ Zuvi †gvU `kwU Mí meyRc‡Î cÖKvwkZ nq| meyRc‡ÎB iex›`ªbv_ PwjZ ev K_¨fvlvq Mí wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| Ic‡i DwjøwLZ cwÎKv¸‡jv QvovI wewfbœ mgq beRxeb, evjK, mLv I mv_x, cÖ`xc, †QvUMí, kwbev‡ii wPwV, Avb›`evRvi cwÎKv, wek¦fviZx cwÎKv Ges FZzc‡ÎI iex›`ªbv‡_i †ek K‡qKwU Mí cÖKvwkZ nq| G-Mí¸‡jv m¤ú‡K©I GLv‡b wKQy Z_¨ †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i| beRxe‡bi AMÖnvqY 1291 (1884 wLªóvã) msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ ÔivRc‡_i K_vÕ MíwU‡K iex›`ªbv_ ÔivRc_Õ wk‡ivbv‡g Zuvi wewPÎ cÖeÜ (1314 e½vã) cy¯Í‡KI ¯’vb w`‡q‡Qb| evj‡Ki ˆekvL-ˆR¨ô 1292 (1885 wLªóvã) msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ ÔgyKzUÕ‡K GKwU ÿz`ª Dcb¨vmI ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| GwU Mí¸”Q ev iex›`ªbv‡_i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv MímsKj‡b ¯’vb cvqwb| QywUi cov (1909) cy¯Í‡K AšÍfz©³ Kivi Av‡M gyKzU bv‡gB iex›`ªbv_ Gi GKwU bvU¨iƒc (1908) †`b| mLv I mv_x cwÎKvq (Avwk¦b 1302 e½vã/ 1895 wLªóvã) cÖKvwkZ ÔB”Qvc~iYÕ MíwU iex›`ªbv_‡K cwÎKv KZ…©c‡ÿi ÔAZ¨šÍ cxovcxwoÕ‡Z wj‡L w`‡Z n‡qwQj e‡j Jcb¨vwmK cÖfvZKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq‡K †jLv GK c‡Î (6 ˆPÎ 1302) wZwb Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb| Avi ÔcÖMwZmsnviÕ, Ô†kl cyi¯‹viÕ I Ôgymjgvbxi MíÕ Ñ GB wZbwU Mí cÖKvwkZ nq h_vµ‡g Avb›`evRvi cwÎKvi we‡kl kvi`xq msL¨v 1948 Ges wek¦fviZx cwÎKvi kÖveY 1349 (1942 wLªóvã) I FZzcÎ cwÎKvi Avlvp 1362 (1955 wLªóvã) msL¨vq| Gi g‡a¨ †kl `ywU Mí iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi g„Zz¨i K‡qK gvm Av‡M wjL‡jI Qvcv nq ejv evûj¨ Zuvi g„Zz¨i ci| G ch©šÍ †h-Mí¸‡jvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv, Zvi meB

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iex›`ªbv‡_i A‡bK Mí iPbvi †cQ‡bB GK ev GKvwaK Mí ev Kvwnwb Av‡Q| Avi †m¸‡jvI Kg †KŠZ‚n‡jvÏxcK bq| hw`I Mí ev Kvwnwb bv e‡j G¸‡jv‡K eis NUbv ev AwfÁZv ejvB fv‡jv| Gme AwfÁZv Zuvi Mí iPbvi m~Î wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i‡Q| wewfbœ mg‡q bvbvR‡bi m‡½ wPwV‡Z I AvjvcPvwiZvq wZwb wb‡RB Ggb wKQy NUbvi D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| bgybv wn‡m‡e Avgiv GLv‡b A‡cÿvK…Z ÿz`ªvqZb `ywU gvÎ AwfÁZvi eqvb D×…Z KiwQ| †hgb ÔK¼vjÕ cÖm‡½ : †Q‡j‡ejv Avgiv †h N‡i ïZzg, Zv‡Z GKUv †g‡qi skeleton Sz‡jv‡bv wQj| Avgv‡`i wKš‘ wKQy fqWi KiZ bv| Zvici A‡bK w`b †K‡U wM‡q‡Q, Avgvi we‡qwU‡q n‡q wM‡q‡Q, Avwg ZLb wfZi-evwo‡Z ïB| GKw`b K‡qKRb AvZ¥xqv G‡m‡Qb, Zuviv Avgvi N‡i †kv‡eb, Avgvi Dci ûKzg n‡q‡Q evB‡i †kvevi| A‡bKw`b c‡i Avwg Avevi †mB N‡i G‡m ï‡qwQ| ï‡q †P‡q †`Ljyg, †m‡Ri Av‡jvUv f‡q Kuvc‡Z Kuvc‡Z wb‡e †Mj| Avgvi gv_vq †evanq ZLb i³ †euv †euv K‡i NyiwQj, Avgvi g‡b n‡Z jvMj †K †hb gkvwii Pvi w`‡K Ny‡i †eov‡”Q, ej‡Q, ÔAvgvi K¼vjUv †Kv_vq †Mj? Avgvi K¼vjUv †Kv_vq †Mj?Õ µ‡g g‡b n‡Z jvMj †m †`qvj nvr‡o nvr‡o eb& eb& K‡i Nyi‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i‡Q| GB Avgvi gv_vq Mí G‡m †Mj Avi wK|

17

wKsev ÔbvgÄyi MíÕ cÖm‡½ : Mí¸‡”Qi ÔbvgÄyiÕ M‡íi †h RvqMvq c`‡mev wb‡q weeªZ n‡q covi Mí Av‡Q Ñ Zv Avgvi wb‡Ri Rxe‡bB N‡UwQj| ZLb Avwg †Rvovmuv‡Kvi evwo‡Z Bbd¬z‡qÄvq fzMwQ, mviv Mv‡q e¨_v, IlyacÎ Avbv-Avwb, Qy‡UvQywU Lye P‡j‡Q| †ZZvjvi N‡i i‡qwQ| †eŠgv GKw`b †ewi‡q‡Qb ivbxi m‡½ mvÿvr Ki‡Z| †eŠgvi msmv‡ii Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wZwb GKwU mw½bx MÖvg †_‡K Avwb‡qwQ‡jb| †eŠgvi Kv‡R mvnvh¨ Ki‡Zv| GKUz `~‡i `~‡iB _v‡K †m| †mw`b ï‡q AvwQ, Mv‡q Lye e¨_v Gcvk-Icvk KiwQ, Ggb mg‡q †mB †g‡qwU G‡m cv‡q nvZ w`‡q cÖYvg K‡i AZ¨šÍ m¼zwPZ n‡q cv‡q nvZ eywj‡q w`‡Z jvMj| Ggwb‡Z Avwg KL‡bv Kv‡iv †mev wb‡Z cviZzg bv; †KD Avgvi cv‡q Mv‡q nvZ †`‡e Zv‡Z eis wei³B nZzg, wKš‘ †mB †g‡qwU‡K Avwg eviY Ki‡Z cvijyg bv| Ggb mg‡q Ô Ñ Õ G‡m N‡i XzKj| Ô Ñ Õ Xz‡KB †g‡qwU‡K †`‡L Ggb `„wó nvbj Ñ Zv †g‡qgvbyl Qvov †KD cv‡i bv| †m wM‡q Zÿzwb evwoi `ywU †g‡q G‡b nvwRi Ki‡j Avgvi c`‡mevi R‡b¨| Avgvi c`‡mevi GKUv g~j¨ Av‡Q, †mLv‡b †mB †g‡qwU †hb Avm‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvici Pj‡Z jvMj Avgvi c`‡mev cy‡iv`‡g| gvbvI Ki‡Z cvwi †b Ñ gnv gykwKj| †Ucvi `iæb cv Av‡iv e¨_v Ki‡Z jvMj| Avwg gv‡S gv‡S Avi bv †c‡i ewj Ñ †`‡Lv, n‡q‡Q Ñ Avi jvM‡e bv Ñ wKš‘ †K Kvi K_v †kv‡b| c`‡mev Pj‡ZB jvMj| Zvici bv †c‡i †klUvq bx‡Pi Zjvq P‡j Avm‡Z Avgv‡K eva¨ n‡Z nj| †k‡l H MíUv wjwL| iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi me M‡íiB Kvwnwb †h Avcb AwfÁZv ev Kíbvi wfwˇZ M‡o‡Qb, Zv wKš‘ bq| Zuvi wKQy M‡íi cøU ev Kvwnwbm~Î wZwb Ab¨‡`i KvQ †_‡KI †c‡q‡Qb| Ggwb GKwU Mí ÔcyÎhÁÕ m¤ú‡K© iex›`ªbv_ wj‡L‡Qb, ÔBnv Avgvi åvZz®úyÎ mg‡i‡›`ªi iPbv, Z‡e Dnv‡Z Avgv‡iv wKQy nvZ Av‡Q|Õ hw`I iwe KvKvi GB ÔnvZ _vKvÕi e¨vcviwUi e¨vL¨v mg‡i›`ªbv_ VvKzi w`‡q‡Qb Gfv‡e : ÔAvwg †KejgvÎ Dnvi AvL¨vbe¯‘wU Avgvi KuvPv fvlvq wjwLqv Lvg‡Lqvwj mfvq cv‡Vi Rb¨ Zuvnv‡K †`LvBqvwQjvg, wZwb Dnv †`wLqv Zvnvi Avg~j ms‡kvab Kwiqv I wb‡Ri AZzjbxq fvlvq wjwLqv †mB mfvq Avgvi wjwLZ ewjqv cvV K‡ib|Õ fviZx cwÎKvqI MíwU cÖ_‡g mg‡i›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii bv‡gB Qvcv nq| hw`I c‡i iex›`ªbv‡_i †jLv Mí wn‡m‡eB GwU Mí¸”Q wØZxq L‡Ði AšÍfz©³ nq| iex›`ªbv_ wb‡R †hgb Ab¨‡`i KvQ †_‡K cvIqv cøU Aej¤^‡b Zuvi K‡qKwU Mí wj‡L‡Qb, †Zgwb Ab¨‡`iI †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv M‡íi cøU w`‡q Zuv‡`i e‡j‡Qb Zvi wfwˇZ Mí wjL‡Z| Gfv‡eI wZwb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i G-kvLvwU‡K mg„× Ki‡Z Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| eª‡R›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq I mRbxKvšÍ `v‡mi †jLv †_‡K Rvbv hvq : iex›`ªbv_ Ô†hŠZzKÕ M‡íi cøUwU kirKzgvix‡K †`b Ges Dnv jBqv Zuvnv‡K GKwU Mí iPbv Kwi‡Z Aby‡iva K‡ib| GB Aby‡iva-g‡Zv cuvP-mvZ w`‡bi g‡a¨B kirKzgvix Ô†hŠZzKÕ MíwU wjwLqv †d‡jb| m¤¢eZ iex›`ªbv_ Bnv Rvwb‡Zb bv; KviY cieZx©Kv‡j wZwb GB cøUwU Avevi Pviæ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq‡K †`b Ges wZwb ÔPuvw`i RyZvÕ MíwU †j‡Lb| MíwU Pviæeveyi ÔeiYWvjvÕ bvgK cy¯Í‡K ¯’vb cvBqv‡Q| cÖfvZKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi weL¨vZ Ô†`exÕ MíwUiI (hv Aej¤^b K‡i mZ¨wRr ivq Zuvi †`ex Pjw”PÎwU ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb) g~j Kvwnwb

18

ev ÔAvL¨vbfvMÕ iex›`ªbv‡_i Ô`vb KivÕ e‡j ¯^qs cÖfvZKzgvi Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Gfv‡e Ab¨‡`i M‡íi cøU mieivn cÖm‡½ iex›`ªbv_ bvwK GKevi PviæP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv me eo c‡i R‡b¥‡Qv| eQi Kzwo Av‡M hw` Rb¥v‡Z Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i Avwg †``vi cøU w`‡Z cviZvg| ZLb Avgvi g‡b n‡Zv Avwg `ynv‡Z cøU wewj‡q nwii jyU w`‡Z cvwi|Õ

Pvi

wjwcKvi (1329 e½vã/ AvM÷ 1922 wLªóvã) Mí¸‡jv‡K iex›`ªbv_ e‡j‡Qb ÔKw_KvÕ| G-wel‡q cÖg_ †PŠayix‡K GK wPwV‡Z wj‡LwQ‡jb, Ô†QvU †QvU Mí‡K ÔK_vYyÕ bv e‡j ÔKw_KvÕ ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| ÔMí¯^íÕ ej‡j ÿwZ wK?Õ wjwcKvq †gvU 39wU Mí Av‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ cÖ_g MíwUi bvg Ôcv‡q Pjvi c_Õ| GwU cÖKvwkZ nq cÖevmxi Avwk¦b 1326 msL¨vq| hw`I cÖevmxi Av‡M meyRc‡Îi gvN 1324, dvêyb 1325, ˆekvL 1326 I Avlvp 1326 msL¨vq hLvµ‡g Ô†ZvZv-KvwnbxÕ, Ô¯^M©-gZ©Õ, Ô†NvovÕ I ÔcÖ_g †kvKÕ Mí¸‡jv Qvcv nq (Gi g‡a¨ cwÎKvq cÖKv‡ki mgq Ô†NvovÕ I ÔcÖ_g †kvKÕ iPbv `ywUi wk‡ivbvg wQj h_vµ‡g Ôgyw³i BwZnvmÕ I ÔKw_KvÕ)| evsjv 1324 †_‡K 1329 mv‡ji g‡a¨ cÖevmx I meyRcÎ QvovI fviZx, gvbmx I gg©evYx, AvMgbx, kvwšÍwb‡KZb, AvOzi, †gvm‡jg fviZ I e½evYx cwÎKvi wewfbœ msL¨vq Mí¸‡jv cÖKvwkZ nq| Z‡e iex›`ªbv‡_i Ab¨ A‡bK iPbvi g‡Zv GB Mí¸‡jviI †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bvwUi †ÿ‡Î cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ I MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ cv‡Vi AívwaK cv_©K¨ jÿ Kiv hvq| wjwcKvi GB Mí¸‡jv iPbvi GKwU cUf‚wg Av‡Q| iex›`ªbv‡_i m‡½ GK AvjvcPvwiZvq cÖkvšÍP›`ª gnjvbwek hv ¯§iY K‡i‡Qb Gfv‡e : g‡b Av‡Q Avcbvi †mB ÔwjwcKvÕi K_v? Zvi Av‡M kixi Lye Lvivc, RvwjIqvbIqvjvev‡Mi e¨vcvi wb‡q Lye Kó cv‡”Qb| Avwg GKw`b Avcbv‡K †cwbwUi evMv‡b wb‡q †Mjvg| †mLv‡bI fv‡jv jvM‡jv bv| Kw`b wK iKg K‡i KvU‡jv| Zvici †hw`b bvBUûW Qvovi wPwV cvwV‡q w`‡jb †mBw`b †_‡K wbwðšÍ| mKvj‡ejv Avwg wPwVLvbv w`‡q †Mjvg, Avi we‡K‡j G‡m †`wL †ZZjvi N‡i P‡j wM‡q‡Qb| N‡i XzK‡ZB GKUv †Qv‡Æv jvj LvZv Avgvq w`‡q ej‡jb, ÔGB bvI Avi GKUv †jLv|Õ †`wL Ñ Ôevc k¥kvb n‡Z wd‡i G‡m‡QÕ H‡U wj‡L‡Qb| GBUvB ÔwjwcKvÕi cÖ_g †jLv| Zvic‡i Kw`‡bi g‡a¨B ûogyo K‡i mg¯Í eBLvbv †jLv n‡q †Mj| Avi iex›`ªbv_ wb‡R Zuvi wjwcKv iPbvi Kvwnwb eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb : †ek g‡b Av‡Q w`‡bi ci w`b ÔwjwcKvÕ wjLwQ| †Kv_vq †M‡Q RvwjIqvbIqvjevM, †Kv_vq †M‡Q cwjwU·| Avgvi Avi wKQyB g‡b †bB, †Kej †jLvi g‡a¨ Wz‡e i‡qwQ| fvlv Kx! G‡Kev‡i bZzb †Pnviv wb‡q‡Q| Avðh©! †Kv_v †_‡K Gj I iKg fvlv? Avwg A‡bKevi †`‡LwQ †Kv‡bv wKQy GKUv wb‡q gbUv eÇ †ewk bvov †L‡jB Zvici Avgvi †jLv †e‡ivq| ...cÖkvšÍ Avevi †mB ÔwjwcKvÕi LvZvLvbv GKevi †evjcyi G‡m mvivivZ †R‡M e‡m GKiv‡Îi g‡a¨ Kwc K‡i w`j| Avwg hv hv KvUvKzwU K‡iwQjyg, I ZvI mg¯Í LyuwU‡q D×vi K‡i wb‡q‡Q| c‡i me M‡elYv Ki‡e, cÖ_g †hUv wj‡LwQjvg †mB K_vUvB fv‡jv wQj, bv †k‡l †hUv ewm‡qwQ †mBUvB fv‡jv; GBme KZ wK| wjwcKvi iPbv¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© ÔbZzb wKQy bqÕ Ges G¸‡jv Avm‡j M`¨KweZv Ñ Ôweï× M`¨KweZvÕ Ñ Ô†jLvUv M‡`¨i

Quv‡`, GB gvÎ ZdvrÕ, wewfbœ mgq bvbvRb‡K Ggb K_v e‡j‡Qb iex›`ªbv_| GgbwK cybð Kv‡e¨i f‚wgKvqI wjwcKvi iPbv¸‡jv‡K Zuvi ÔcÖ_g M`¨KweZv †jLvi †PóvÕ wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i e‡j‡Qb, ÔQvcevi mgq evK¨¸wj‡K c‡`¨i g‡Zv LwÐZ Kiv nqwb Ñ †eva Kwi fxiæZvB Zvi KviY|Õ Z‡e A‡bKUv KweZvi auv‡P †jLv n‡jI G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Mí Av‡Q| Avi mgv‡jvPKiv cieZx©Kv‡j iPbv¸‡jv‡K Mí wn‡m‡eB MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| †m-i (1344 e½vã) Mí¸‡jv‡K A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib wkïcvV¨| wKš‘ iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi GB iPbv¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔcvV‡Kiv IUv‡K wkïcv‡V¨i †KvVvq †d‡j w`‡q Ii cÖwZ K…cvKUvÿcvZ K‡i‡Q Ñ Rv‡b bv KvwnbxUv †Qv‡Uv †_‡K µ‡g e‡ov n‡q D‡V‡Q ¯^qs iPwqZviB g‡Zv|Õ iex›`ªbv_ GB K_v¸‡jv wj‡LwQ‡jb ebdzj‡K (ejvBPuv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq), Zuvi GK c‡Îi Rev‡e| B‡Zvc~‡e© ebdzj †m-cv‡Vi cÖwZwµqv Rvwb‡q iex›`ªbv_‡K wj‡LwQ‡jb, ÔAvgvi aviYv wQj eBLvwb wkïcvV¨| c‡o †`Ljvg G ïay wkïcvV¨ bq wPi wkïcvV¨| hv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ Avcwb eBLvwb wj‡L‡Qb Zv‡`i wkïZ¡ †Kv‡bvKv‡jB NyP‡e bv|Õ cvVK †h-eBwU‡K wkïcvV¨ g‡b K‡i Zvi KviY Gi Mí¸‡jvi †kÖvZv cy‡c, iex›`ªbv‡_i bvZwb, hvi eqm gvÎ bq eQi, Ôcycyw`‡K mvg‡b ewm‡q Ges †m-†K Dcjÿ¨ K‡iÕ †jLK Zuvi Mí †du‡`‡Qb| A‡bKUv iƒcK_vi Xs‡q| GI GK iKg iƒcK_vB| iex›`ªbv‡_i fvlvq : Ô...wkïKvj †_‡K gvbyl ej‡Q ÔMí e‡jvÕ; †mB Mí‡K e‡j iƒcK_v| iƒcK_vB †m e‡U; Zv‡Z bv _vK‡Z cv‡i Avek¨K msev`, m¤¢eciZv m¤^‡ÜI Zvi nq‡Zv †Kv‡bv ˆKwdqZ †bB| †m †Kv‡bv-GKUv iƒc `uvo Kivq g‡bi mvg‡b, Zvi cÖwZ JrmyK¨ RvwM‡q †Zv‡j, Zv‡Z k~b¨Zv `~i K‡i; †m ev¯Íe| ...Mí ïiæ Kiv †Mj ...†Qv‡Uv †g‡q †PvL `y‡Uv g¯Í K‡i nuv K‡i †kv‡b| Avwg ewj, ÔAvR GB ch©šÍ|Õ †m Aw¯’i n‡q e‡j, Ôbv, e‡jv, Zvi c‡i|Õ †m-i cÖ_g, wØZxq I PZz_© Aa¨v‡qi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv As‡ki c~e©Zb cvV gvwmK m‡›`‡ki (bech©vq) 1338 m‡bi Avwk¦b, KvwZ©K I AMÖnvqY msL¨vq Ges cÂg Aa¨v‡qi wKQy Ask isgkvj cwÎKvi cÖ_g el© cÖ_g (KvwZ©K 1343) msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ nq| gv‡S ÔGK wQj †gvUv †Ku‡`v evNÕ KweZvwU cÖKvwkZ nq gyKzj cwÎKvi ˆekvL 1341 msL¨vq| ZLb Gi wk‡ivbvg wQj Ôev‡Ni ïwPZvÕ| cy¯ÍKvKv‡i cÖKv‡ki mgq eBwU‡Z iex›`ªbv‡_i AuvKv †ekwKQy †¯‹P ev Qwe hy³ nq| Mímí cÖKvwkZ nq 1348 m‡bi 27 ˆekvL (10 †g 1941), A_©vr iex›`ªbv‡_i g„Zz¨i K‡qK gvm Av‡M| hw`I 1940 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤^‡i wZwb hLb Amy¯’ Ae¯’vq Kvwj¤ús‡q, ZLbB eBwUi bvgcÎ Gu‡K iv‡Lb| `y-wZbwU ev‡` Mím‡íi Mí¸‡jv iex›`ª-Rxe‡bi G‡Kev‡i †kl eQ‡i (1941 wLªóvã) †jLv| e¨wZµg Ôcv‡ji m‡½ `uv‡oi eywSÕ (1937 wLªóvã) I Ô†hgb cvwR, †Zgwb †evKvÕ (1940) G-`ywU Mí| ÔBu`y‡ii †fvRÕ MíwUI wKQy Av‡M †jLv e‡j aviYv Kiv hvq, †h‡nZz G-MíwU e½j²x cwÎKvi Avlvp 1346 (1939) msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| ZLb Aek¨ MíwU †mLv‡b iex›`ªbv‡_i bvZwb bw›`bxi bv‡g Qvcv nq| Mímí hLb cÖ_g eB AvKv‡i †e‡ivq ZLb G-MíwU Zv‡Z wQj bv| A‡bK c‡i 1372 m‡bi (1965 wLªóvã) ms¯‹i‡Y GwU ms‡hvwRZ nq|

cuvP

Kwe wn‡m‡e iex›`ªbv‡_i weiæ‡× Awf‡hvM wQj, GgbwK

GL‡bv KZKUv cwigv‡Y †m-Awf‡hvM cÖPwjZ Av‡Q †h, wZwb Kíbvwejvmx, MR`šÍ wgbvievmx Kwe| wZwb Rwg`vi cwiev‡ii mšÍvb, mvaviY RbRxe‡bi m‡½ Zuvi cwiPq wQj bv ej‡jB P‡j| d‡j e„nËi †m-Rxe‡bi K_v Zuvi Kv‡e¨ ¯’vb cvqwb| iex›`ªbv_ wb‡RI Kwe wn‡m‡e Zuvi Kve¨mvabvq GB duvK ev Ômy‡ii Ac~Y©ZvÕi K_v ¯^xKvi K‡i mgv‡jvPbvwU‡K GKiKg h_v_©Zv w`‡q‡Qb| Zuvi †klw`‡Ki K‡qKwU Kve¨MÖ‡š’i wKQy KweZvq bvMwiK ga¨weË Rxe‡bi LyuwUbvwU wKQy wPÎ, Abyfe ev Abyl‡½i Dcw¯’wZ †m-Awf‡hvM‡K bvKP Kivi c‡ÿ h‡_ó wK bv, †m Ab¨ cÖm½, Avi Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kivi ¯’vbI G bq| Z‡e wQbœc‡Îi wPwV¸‡jv‡Z †hgb, †Zgwb iex›`ªbv‡_i A‡bK M‡í MÖvgxY K…wlRxex gvbyl we‡kl K‡i bvix‡`i RxebwPÎ wbcyY `ÿZvq AuvKv n‡q‡Q †`L‡Z cvB| hw`I mgKv‡j G-welqwUi ¯^xK…wZ wZwb cvbwb| G wb‡q Mfxi GKUv `ytL‡evaI Zuvi g‡a¨ wQj| bvbv mg‡q I Dcj‡ÿ hv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| Zuvi †mme e³e¨ ev e¨vL¨v GKB m‡½ Zuvi Awfgvb I AvZ¥wek¦vm‡K Zz‡j a‡i| †hgb : 1. †mw`b †`Ljyg GKRb mgv‡jvPK wj‡L‡Qb, Avgvi Mí AwfRvZ m¤úÖ`v‡qi Mí, †m Zuv‡`i ü`q ¯úk© K‡i bv| Mí¸‡”Qi Mí †eva nq wZwb Avgvi e‡j gv‡bb bv| †mw`b Mfxi Avb‡›` Avwg †h †Kej cjøxi Qwe Gu‡KwQ Zv bq, cjøx ms¯‹v‡ii KvR Avi¤¢ K‡iwQ ZLb †_‡KB Ñ †m mg‡q AvR‡Ki cjøx`i`x †jL‡Kiv Ô`wi`ªbvivqYÕ kãUvi m„wóI K‡ibwb| 2. †jv‡K A‡bK mgqB Avgvi m¤^‡Ü mgv‡jvPbv K‡i NiMov gZ wb‡q| e‡j, ÔDwb †Zv abx-N‡ii †Q‡j| Bs‡iwR‡Z hv‡K e‡j iæ‡cvi Pvg&P gy‡L wb‡q R‡b¥‡Qb| cjøxMÖv‡gi K_v Dwb Kx Rv‡bb| Avwg ej‡Z cvwi, Avgvi †_‡K Kg Rv‡bb Zuviv huviv Ggb K_v e‡jb| Kx w`‡q Rv‡bb Zuviv| Af¨v‡mi RoZvi wfZi w`‡q Rvbv wK hvq| h_v_© Rvbvq fv‡jvevmv| Kzuwoi g‡a¨ †h KxU R‡b¥‡Q †m Rv‡b bv dzj‡K| Rv‡b evB‡i †_‡K †h †c‡q‡Q Avb›`| Avgvi †h wbišÍi fv‡jvevmvi `„wó w`‡q Avwg cjøxMÖvg‡K †`‡LwQ Zv‡ZB Zvi ü`‡qi Øvi Ly‡j wM‡q‡Q| AvR ej‡j An¼v‡ii g‡Zv †kvbv‡e, Zey eje Avgv‡`i †`‡ki Lye Aí †jLKB GB im‡ev‡ai †Pv‡L evsjv‡`k‡K †`‡L‡Qb| Avgvi iPbv‡Z cjøxcwiP‡qi †h AšÍi½Zv Av‡Q, †Kv‡bv euvaveywj w`‡q Zvi mZ¨Zv‡K D‡cÿv Ki‡j Pj‡e bv|...

3. Avgvi iPbvq huviv ga¨weËZvi mÜvb cvbwb e‡j bvwjk K‡ib Zuv‡`i Kv‡Q Avgvi GKUv ˆKwdqr †`evi mgq G‡jv| ...GK mg‡q gv‡mi ci gvm Avwg cjøxRxe‡bi Mí iPbv K‡i G‡mwQ| Avgvi wek¦vm, Gi c~‡e© evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cjøxRxe‡bi wPÎ Ggb avivevwnKfv‡e cÖKvk nqwb| ZLb ga¨weË †kÖYxi †jL‡Ki Afve wQj bv, Zuviv cÖvq mK‡jB cÖZvcwmsn ev cÖZvcvw`‡Z¨i a¨v‡b wbweó wQ‡jb| Avgvi Avk¼v nq, GK mg‡q ÔMí¸”QÕ ey‡R©vqv †jL‡Ki msmM©‡`v‡l AmvwnZ¨ e‡j A¯ú„k¨ n‡e| GLbB hLb Avgvi †jLvi †kÖYxwbY©q Kiv nq ZLb GB †jLv¸wji D‡jøLgvÎ nq bv, †hb I¸wji Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB|...

Z‡e g„Zz¨i wKQyw`b Av‡M cwiPq cwÎKvq (ˆRô¨ 1348) cÖKvwkZ nicÖmv` wg‡Îi GKwU cÖeÜ ÔMí¸‡”Qi iex›`ªbv_Õ c‡o Zuvi GB `ytL ev †e`bv‡eva wKwÂr n‡jI cÖkwgZ n‡qwQj| AšÍZ ivYx P›`‡K ejv Zuvi K_v¸‡jv †_‡K ZvB g‡b nq|

19

4. ...evsjv‡`‡ki †h GKUv gvnvZ¥¨ Av‡Q Ñ Avgvi Av‡M G Avi †KD †`‡Lwb GB †Pv‡L| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki †jv‡Ki aviYv Av‡Q †h, Avwg Kx K‡i eySe Ñ Avwg wK Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡KwQ, †`‡LwQ| Avwg njyg e‡ov‡jvK; Mwi‡ei †e`bv, ˆ`bw›`b myL`yt‡Li IVvbvgv Ñ Zvi Avwg Kx Rvwb| Avwg Pzc K‡i me mn¨ K‡i †MwQ| wKš‘ GB †Qv‡Uv Mí¸wj‡Z we‡kl GKUv recognition Avgvi cvIbv wQj Ñ hv Avwg cvBwb GZKvj| Gevi ÔcwiPqÕ-G †cjyg Zv| G-wel‡q cwiPq cwÎKvi wniYKzgvi mvb¨vj‡K K…ZÁZv Rvwb‡q GKwU cÎI wj‡LwQ‡jb iex›`ªbv_| Zv‡Z wZwb e‡jb : Avgvi eqm ZLb Aí wQj| evsjv‡`‡ki cjøx‡Z Nv‡U Nv‡U ågY K‡i wd‡iwQ| †mB Avb‡›`i c~Y©Zvq Mí¸wj †jLv| wPiw`b GB Mí¸wj Avgvi AZ¨šÍ wcÖq A_P Avgvi †`k Mí¸wj‡K h‡_ó Af¨_©bv K‡i †bqwb, GB `ytL Avgvi g‡b wQj; Gevi †Zvgv‡`i ÔcwiP‡qÕ GZw`b c‡i Avwg h‡_vwPZ cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQ| ...GB K…ZÁZv †Zvgv‡K bv Rvwb‡q cvijyg bv| Zuvi Mí¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© MxZawg©Zvi Awf‡hvMI bvKP K‡i iex›`ªbv_ e‡j‡Qb : Avwg GKUv K_v eyS‡Z cvwi‡b, Avgvi Mí¸wj‡K †Kb MxZagx© ejv nq| G¸wj †bnvr ev¯Íe wRwbm| hv †`‡LwQ ZvB e‡jwQ| †f‡e Avi Kíbv K‡i AviwKQy ejv †hZ; wKš‘ Zv †Zv Kwi wb Avwg| eyׇ`e emyi g‡Z, iex›`ªbv_ hLb M`¨ †j‡Lb ZLb ZvI †j‡Lb KweZvi g‡Zv| wKš‘ eyׇ`e emyi m‡½ AvjvcPvwiZvq iex›`ªbv_ e‡jwQ‡jb : ...AmsL¨ †QvU †QvU wjwiK wj‡LwQ Ñ †eva nq c„w_exi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kwe GZ †j‡Lbwb Ñ wKš‘ Avgvi AevK jv‡M †Zvgiv hLb e‡jv †h, Avgvi Mí¸”Q MxZagx©| GKmgq Ny‡i †ewo‡qwQ evsjvi b`x‡Z b`x‡Z, †`‡LwQ evsjvi cjøxi RxebhvÎv| GKwU †g‡q †bŠ‡Kv K‡i k¦ïievwo P‡j †Mj, Zvi eÜziv Nv‡U bvB‡Z bvB‡Z ejvewj Ki‡Z jvMj, Avnv, †h cvMjv‡U †g‡q, k¦ïievwo wM‡q Ii Kx bv Rvwb `kv n‡e| wKsev ai GKUv ÿ¨vcv‡U †Q‡j mviv MÖvg `yózwgi †Pv‡U gvwZ‡q †eovq, Zv‡K nVvr GKw`b P‡j †h‡Z n‡jv kn‡i Zvi gvgvi Kv‡Q| GBUzKz †Pv‡L †`‡LwQ, evwKUv wb‡qwQ Kíbv K‡i| G‡K wK †Zvgiv Mvb RvZxq c`v_© ej‡e? Avwg ej‡ev M‡í ev¯Í‡ei Afve KL‡bv N‡Uwb| hv-wKQy wj‡LwQ wb‡R †`‡LwQ, g‡g© Abyfe K‡iwQ, †m Avgvi cÖZ¨ÿ AwfÁZv| ... Kíbvq M‡owQ, KweZvq iPbv K‡iwQ gvbmmy›`ix‡K| G nj KweZvi K_v, wKš‘ M‡íi Dcv`vb G bq| M‡í hv wj‡LwQ Zvi g~‡j Av‡Q Avgvi AwfÁZv, Avgvi wb‡Ri †`Lv| Zv‡K MxZagx© ej‡j fzj Ki‡e| ÔK¼vjÕ wK ÔÿzwaZ cvlvYÕ‡K nq‡Zv LvwbKUv ej‡Z cvi KviY †mLv‡b Kíbvi cÖvavb¨, wKš‘ ZvI cy‡ivcywi bq| †Zvgiv Avgvi fvlvi K_v e‡jv, e‡jv †h M‡`¨I Avwg Kwe| Avgvi fvlv hw` KL‡bv Avgvi Mívsk‡K AwZµg K‡i ¯^Zš¿ g~j¨ cvq, †mRb¨ Avgv‡K †`vl w`‡Z cv‡iv bv| Gi KviY, evsjv M`¨ Avgvi wb‡R‡KB Mo‡Z n‡q‡Q| fvlv wQj bv, c‡e© c‡e© ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q Avgv‡K| Avgvi cÖ_g w`KKvi M‡`¨, †hgb ÔKv‡e¨i D‡cwÿZvÕ, Ô†KKvaŸwbÕ Gme cÖe‡Ü

20

c‡`¨i †SuvK Lye †ewk wQj, Ime †hb A‡bKUv M`¨-c`¨ †Mv‡Qi| M‡`¨i fvlv Mo‡Z n‡q‡Q Avgvi MícÖev‡ni m‡½ m‡½| †gvcvmuvi g‡Zv †hme we‡`kx †jL‡Ki K_v †Zvgiv cÖvqB e‡jv, Zuviv ˆZwi fvlv †c‡qwQ‡jb| wjL‡Z wjL‡Z fvlv Mo‡Z n‡j Zuv‡`i Kx `kv nZ Rvwb‡b| †f‡e †`L‡j eyS‡Z cvi‡e, Avwg †h †QvU †QvU Mí¸‡jv wj‡LwQ evOvwj mgv‡Ri ev¯Íe Rxe‡bi Qwe Zv‡ZB cÖ_g aiv c‡o| iex›`ªbv‡_i M‡í mgvR-ev¯ÍeZvi Afve wKsev Zuvi M‡`¨i weiæ‡× MxwZawg©Zvi Awf‡hvM `y‡qiB Reve Zuvi wb‡Ri ejv G-K_v¸‡jv‡Z Lye fv‡jvfv‡eB †`Iqv n‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kwi|

UxKv

1.

2.

3.

4.

iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, wQbœcÎ| wR‡Z›`ªjvj e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, ÔkvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b iex›`ªbv_Õ| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, gvby‡li ag©| P›`ª¸ß, my`k©b, mZ¨eZx †`ex I ebvimx`vm PZz‡e©`Forward, 23 †deªæqvwi 1936| 5. wek¦fviZx cwÎKv, KvwZ©K-†cŠl 1350| 6. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, AvZ¥cwiPq| 7. ivYx P›`, AvjvcPvix iex›`ªbv_| 8. wbe©vY| 9. mxZv †`ex, ÔcyY¨¯§„wZÕ| 10. ivYx P›`, AvjvcPvix iex›`ªbv_| 11. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, wPwVcÎ : 10| 12. ÔMÖš’cwiPqÕ, Mí¸”Q (ALÐ)|

13. eª‡R›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq I mRbxKvšÍ `vm, kirKzgvix †PŠayivYxi iPbvejx| 14. cÖfvZKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq, be-K_v| 15. PviæP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, iweiwk¥| 16. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, wPwVcÎ : 5| 17. wbg©jKzgvix gnjvbwek, evB‡k kÖveY| 18. IB| 19. PviæP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq‡K †jLv wPwV| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, wPwVcÎ : 15| 20. ˆg‡Îqx †`ex, gscy‡Z iex›`ªbv_| 21. †`k mvwnZ¨ msL¨v, 1382| 22. IB| 23. ÔmvwnZ¨ZË¡Õ, mvwn‡Z¨i c‡_| 24. Rb¥w`‡b, 10 msL¨K KweZv| 25. kÖxcÖfvZP›`ª ¸ß, ÔcÖfvZ-iweÕ, cÖevmx, ˆekvL 1344| 26. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, ÔAvgvi DËiÕ (1940), cÖevmx, ˆekvL 1347| 27. b›`‡Mvcvj †mb¸ß‡K †jLv iex›`ªbv‡_i wPwV, KweZv, Avlvp 1348| 28. ivYx P›`, AvjvcPvix iex›`ªbv_| 29. DׄZ : cÖg_bv_ wekx, iex›`ªbv‡_i †QvUMí| 30. ivYx P›`, cÖv¸³| 31. eyׇ`e emy, m½ wbtm½Zv iex›`ªbv_| 32. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, ÔmvwnZ¨, Mvb I QweÕ, cÖevmx, Avlvp 1348| r

cÖeÜ

hZxb miKvi Kx †j‡Lb, †Kb †j‡Lb? m‡ivR †gv¯Ídv

G

KUv K_v hZxb miKvi cÖvqB cÖPvi K‡ib †h, ÔwZwb Kó †jLKÕ| GB K_vi wfwË I IRb iÿv‡_© wZwb GKUv †hŠw³K cwi‡ek ˆZwi K‡i Kɯ^‡i Av‡eM gvwL‡q ej‡Z _v‡Kb, Ôevsjv mvwnZ¨ GZ `xb bv †h Avgvi g‡Zv Aag †jL‡Ki Abycw¯’wZ‡Z evsjv fvlv nvnvKvi Ki‡e| Avwg ïay gv÷vi n‡Z †P‡qwQ| mvivRxeb gv÷vwi K‡iwQ| K¬v‡m Avwg wm‡jevm cwo‡qwQ| KZ…©cÿ weivM n‡Z cv‡ib Ñ GB we‡ePbvq K¬v‡m wm‡jev‡mi evB‡i GK Zzjv K_vI cÖKvk Kwiwb| wKš‘ mgq, mgvR, ivóª, ms¯‹…wZ wb‡q AvgviI ejvi wKQy Av‡Q| †h-mg‡qi †fZ‡i emevm Kwi †m-mgq‡K gvbv-bv-gvbvi Avgvi wbR¯^ `„wó I AwfÁvb Av‡Q| †mB K_vB Avwg wjwL| Avgvi †jLv‡jwLB Avgvi gv÷vwi|Õ cÖvPxb fviZxq mgv‡R gv÷vi bv‡gi †Kv‡bv †ckvRxex †kÖwY nq‡Zv wQj bv| gv÷vi wQ‡jb mgvR I ms¯‹… wZi AwffveK| †m-mgv‡R gv÷vi KL‡bv RxweKv wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡Zb bv wKsev mgvR gv÷vi‡K RxweKv wb‡q fve‡Z w`Z bv| mgq, mgvR, fvlv I ms¯‹…wZi cwiPh©vi KvRwU gv÷vi mh‡Zœ m¤úbœ Ki‡Zb| `kR‡bi gb I gbb ˆZwii KvRUv‡K Zuviv `vwqZ¡ fve‡Zb| mgv‡Ri †cvl¨ n‡q gv÷vi mgq I cÖRb¥‡K wewbg©vY wKsev wPšÍ‡Ki KvRUvB K‡i †h‡Zb| mgvR GL‡bv Ôgv÷viÕ †kÖwYwUi cÖwZ GKUz `i` eivÏ †i‡L‡Q| GB `i‡`i †ik a‡iB nq‡Zv GKUz Av`i K‡i Ôgv÷viÕ k‡ãi D”Pvi‡Y GKUv wbR¯^ ¯^i XzwK‡q Ôgv÷iÕ bv‡g Wv‡K| gy³evRvi A_©bxwZi †fZ‡i Xz‡K gv÷viI e`‡j †M‡Q| gy³evRvi A_©bxwZ‡Z †KD KvD‡K Avi †Zgb cvËv w`‡Z Pv‡”Q bv| cÖvq mevi GKUvB ¯^cœ ÔUvKv Kvgv‡Z n‡eÕ| DuPz `vjv‡bi DuPz‡Z `uvwo‡q DuPz‡Z ZvKv‡Z n‡e| mgvR wKsev Qv‡Îi m‡½ gv÷v‡ii Avi kÖ×vi m¤úK© †bB| UvKvB hLb m¤úK© ˆZwi K‡i †`q ZLb †K Avi Kv‡K cvËv †`‡e| bxwZ-ˆbwZKZvi †kl av‡c †cuŠQy‡bv GB mgv‡R gv÷vi n‡q wZwb Kx Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| GB Ôgv÷iÕ n‡q hZxb miKvi K¬v‡m wKsev K¬vmiæ‡gi evB‡i kwcsg‡ji †fZ‡i Xz‡K hvIqv bvMwiK gb‡K Kx †kLv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| c‡K‡U wKsev nv‡Z ÔjvjKjgÕ wb‡q cÖvPxb fviZxq ¯‹zwjs‡qi GKUv a¨vb-Ávb wb‡q wZwb mgvR‡K Kx †kLv‡Z PvB‡Qb| Avm‡j, gv÷vwi Avi †jLv‡jwL‡K wZwb GKUv mvabvB fv‡eb| Avjv‡c-AvÇvq wee„wZi my‡i wZwb e‡j‡Qb, K¬v‡m Avwg e¨vKiY cwo‡qwQ, wm‡jevm cwo‡qwQ| wm‡jev‡mi evB‡i AwZwi³ dg©vq K_v e‡j KZ©…c‡ÿi weivM-fvRb nBwb| wKš‘ cuqZvwjøk wgwb‡Ui K¬v‡m Avgvi AvZ¥MZ Abyfe¸‡jv‡K Avwg ej‡Z cvwiwb| Avgvi Abyfe¸‡jv‡K wbs‡o †`Iqvi Rb¨ Avwg Ôgy³ evZvqbÕ Ly‡jwQ| †jLv‡jwL K‡iwQ| e³…Zvi wecyj cwim‡i wKsev K¬vmiæ‡g ej‡Z bv cviv K_v¸‡jv wKsev wjL‡Z bv cviv K_v¸‡jvB e‡jwQ| Avgvi RvMÖZ Rxe‡bi mgMÖ Kg©wUB ÔAvgvi gv÷vwiÕ| Avm‡j mgvR gv÷vi I gv÷vwi‡K wKsev †jLK I †jLv‡jwL‡K Avjv`v †kÖwY wn‡m‡eB Rv‡b I gv‡b| GLb †KD GKRb hw` e‡jb, ÔAvgvi †jLv‡jwLB

21

Avgvi gv÷vwiÕ Ñ ZLb evK¨Uv e¨w³i hvwcZ Rxe‡bi cÖÁv I gb‡bi cÖwZ‡ek wb‡qB nvwRi nq| wZwb Kx wjL‡Qb, †Kb wjL‡Qb, Kx Zuvi `„wó I `vk©wbK cÖwZÁv Ñ G-cÖkœ¸‡jv mvg‡b G‡m `uvovq|

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22

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23

GgbwU N‡U‡Q, Av‡Rv NU‡Q|... g‡b ivLv `iKvi : wiwjwRqvbB †nvK wKsev Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv fvev`k©B †nvK, mewKQyiB mªóv mvgvwRK gvbyl|

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†jLv‡jwL‡Z wZwb KvD‡K AbymiY Ki‡Z Pvbwb| Bb‡d±, M`¨ †jLvq wZwb KvD‡K Av`k© wn‡m‡e †bbwb| ejv hvq, ¯^vZwš¿K M`¨ixwZ ˆZwi‡Z Zuvi †Kv‡bv †SuvK wQj e‡j g‡b nq bv| wb‡Ri fvebv‡K h_vm¤¢e mnR fvlvq cwi‡ekb KivB n‡”Q hZxb miKv‡ii M`¨ixwZ| Rbgvb‡mi †jvKÁv‡bi aviYv‡KB wZwb wj‡L †M‡Qb| G‡ÿ‡Î fvlvixwZi †P‡q M‡`¨i welqUvB eo n‡q D‡V‡Q| GKUv msnZ iPbv‰kjx‡ZB wZwb Zuvi K_v¸‡jv e‡j‡Qb| Avjv‡c-AvÇvq GB cÖm‡½ wZwb ¯úó e‡j‡Qb, †jLv‡jwLi †ÿ‡Î Avwg KvD‡KB AbymiY Kwiwb| †Mvcvj nvj`vi, i‡Yk `vk¸ß wKsev m`©vi dRjyj Kwig Avgvi gvbm-†PZbv‡K mg„× K‡i‡Qb wKsev G‡`i †jLv‡jwLI Avgv‡K cÖvwYZ K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ †jLv‡jwLi †ÿ‡Î KvD‡KB g‡Wj Kwiwb| †RjLvbvq _vKvKvjxb mg‡q GKUv cÖZ¨q Xz‡KwQj †h Avgv‡K wjL‡Z n‡e| cÖwZw`b wjL‡Z n‡e| †mB †cÖiYv‡ZB Wz‡e AvwQ| cÖwZw`b GB wb‡q AvwQ| wKš‘ Kv‡iv fvebvi wKsev †jLvi Kve©bKwc Avwg n‡Z PvBwb| Avm‡j †Kv‡bv Wz gvK©v †jLvB Avwg wjL‡Z PvBwb| GgbI n‡q‡Q Avwg GKUv †jLv wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQ †KD G‡m ej‡jb GB wel‡q †Zv Dwb wj‡L‡Qb| mv‡_ mv‡_ Avwg †jLv _vwg‡q w`‡qwQ| IB †jL‡Ki eBUv covi ci Avwg hw` g‡b Kwi Avgvi ejvi b~Zb K_v Av‡Q Z‡eB Avwg †mB welqUv wb‡q wj‡LwQ| wZwb Lye MZvbyMwZK wKsev mgKvjxb n‡q _vK‡Z Pvbwb| GB K_vUv ¯úóB ejv hvq, wZwb bex‡bi †fZ‡i, AvMvgxi †fZ‡i wb‡Ri fvebvi GKUv m‡PZb Abykxjb cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib| bex‡bi g‡a¨ GB m¤¢vebv †c‡j wZwb Lywk nb| Zviæ‡Y¨i

24

Rb¨ bex‡bi Rb¨ wZwb NÈvi ci NÈv mgq eivÏ iv‡Lb| Avwg KL‡bvB Zviæ‡Y¨i m‡½ K_v ej‡Z hZxb miKvi‡K wei³ n‡Z †`wLwb| Zviæ‡Y¨i wfbœ wfbœ Áv‡bi cÖwZ Zuvi kÖ×v Av‡Q| Z‡e hy‡M hy‡M eZ©gvb †h-Ávb †m-Áv‡bi cÖwZ Av¯’vevb ZiæY‡K wZwb wPrKvi K‡i kÖ×v I Awfb›`b Rvbvb|

cuvP

hZxb m¨vi iw³g Pv Lvb| m¨v‡ii evmvq wM‡q Avcwb Pv bv †L‡q Avm‡Z cvi‡eb bv| M„nKÎx© gvwmgv Avcbv‡K Pv †Zv LvIqv‡ebB, Zvi m‡½ gÐv, wgwó, cv‡qm wKsev Kgc‡ÿ we¯‹zU n‡jI Avcbv‡K †L‡Z n‡e| m¨vi Mig Pv‡K VvÛv K‡i ewW †U¤úv‡iPvi K‡i cvb K‡ib| Rvg©vwb åg‡Y G-dg©yjv wZwb wk‡L G‡m‡Qb| c„w_exi GK Avðh© gvbyl wZwb| Zuvi N‡i †cuŠQy‡bvi Rb¨ Avcbvi †Kv‡bv cviwgkb jvM‡e bv| wZwb wjL‡Qb wK co‡Qb Ñ †mUv _vwg‡q Avcbvi m‡½ K_v ejvUvB Riæwi n‡q DV‡e ZLb| Avm‡j GB K_v ejvUv‡K wZwb `vwqZ¡ g‡b K‡ib| Zuvi †h wbR¯^ ¯‹zwjs Av‡Q †mUv ej‡Z _v‡Kb| cy‡iv Rxe‡b AaxZ Abyfe¸‡jv‡K wZwb be-bex‡bi g‡a¨ Lyu‡R †`L‡Z Pvb| wZwb nq‡Zv Rv‡bb, KvD‡K †Rvi K‡i †kLv‡bv hvq bv| whwb †k‡Lb wZwb `~‡i `uvwo‡q GKj‡e¨i g‡ZvI †k‡Lb wKsev wkL‡Z Rv‡bb| Zey wZwb ej‡Z _v‡Kb| bexb AvMš‘K‡`iB cQ›` K‡ib wZwb| GB ewW †U¤úv‡iPvi Pv cvb Ki‡Z Ki‡Z AvÇvi gy‡WB A‡bK AvZ¥cÖZ¨‡q m¨vi †mw`b e‡jwQ‡jb, Ô†kv‡bv, †jLK wn‡m‡e Avwg nq‡Zv LyeB bMY¨| Z‡e hv wj‡LwQ, †m¸‡jv Avgvi wbR¯^ wPšÍv I wPšÍ‡bi BwZnvm| Avwg †Zv e³…Zv Kwi, e³v wn‡m‡e Avwg nq‡Zv mvgvb¨ mdjI n‡qwQ| Z‡e, GB K_vUv Avwg Me© K‡iB ej‡Z cvwi, ÔI am one of the best teachers in the world|Õ GB K_v ejvi ci m¨vi A‡bKÿY Pzc _v‡Kb| AvwgI Pzc _vwK| Zuvi †Pv‡Li gwYi w`‡K ZvwK‡q Zuvi wkÿKZvi wbR©b Av`k©Uv †`L‡Z _vwK| †Pv‡Li w`‡K ZvKv‡j nq‡Zv KL‡bv KL‡bv gvby‡li Av`k©‡K mwZ¨ mwZ¨ †`Lv hvq| r

cÖeÜ

kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi Dcb¨vm :

gv‡qi Uv‡b gvwUi Kv‡Q ew`Di ingvb

kv

gmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg (1926-97) GKvav‡i Jcb¨vwmK, †QvUMíKvi, Awf‡bZv I wPÎcwiPvjK| evsjvi `wÿYvÂj ewikv‡j Zuvi Rb¥MÖnY Ges †e‡o IVv| ewikvj wRjv ¯‹zj †_‡K g¨vwUªK cvk 1941-G| Gici cov‡kvbvi Rb¨ KjKvZv Ges Kvh© Dcj‡ÿ XvKvq emevm| 1959-G †ZwÎk eQi eq‡m wZwb †`kvšÍix nb; ¯’vqx Avevm Lyu‡R †bb BZvwji †ivg bMix‡Z| †mLv‡bB KvUvb Rxe‡bi evwK AvUwÎk eQi| Zuvi Avmj bvg Aveyj Kvjvg kvgmy`&`xb| GB bv‡g Zuvi †jLvI cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj cÖ_gw`‡K| c‡i wZwb cwiwPZ nb kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg bv‡g| QvÎRxeb †_‡KB Zuvi †jLvq nv‡ZLwo| †hLv‡bB †_‡K‡Qb Ñ wZwb Aweivg wj‡L‡Qb, wj‡L‡Qb Dcb¨vm Avi †QvUMí| Zuvi cÖvq me †jLvB evsjvi gvwU‡Quvqv| evsjvi †L‡U LvIqv gvby‡li RxebcÖevn Zuvi iPbvi g~j welq| `xN©Kvj wfb‡`‡k, wfbœ cwi‡e‡k, ci-fvlvi cÖwZ‡e‡k Rxeb KvUv‡jI Zuvi iPbvi welq I fvlv evsjvi gvwU Avi gvby‡li evB‡i hvqwb KL‡bv| wek kZ‡Ki Pv‡ii `k‡K Zuvi ÔRvnvRNv‡Ui KzwjÕ †QvUMí e¨vcK Av‡jvob m„wó K‡i| GB MíwU 1945-G KjKvZv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Zuvi kv‡ni evby MíMÖš’fz³ nq| GhveZ Zuvi cÖKvwkZ Dcb¨v‡mi msL¨v †Pv‡Ïv Ges †QvUMíMÖš’ AvUwU| GLv‡b Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨ welq Zuvi Dcb¨vm| †kÖwYwefv‡Mi avivq kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi Dcb¨v‡mi Ae¯’vb ejv hvq `ywU w`‡K| GK. DcRvwZ, †e‡`, †R‡j, bvweK cÖf…wZ AvÂwjK I Kg©Rxex gvby‡li RxebwPÎcÖavb Ges `yB BwZnvm‡PZbv I HwZnvwmK welqwbf©i| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi m„wóaviv wba©vi‡Y GB †kÖwY ev avivweb¨vmB †kl K_v bq| Gi evB‡iI Av‡Q Zuvi iPbvi we¯Í…wZ| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi cÖKvwkZ Dcb¨vmaviv GiKg : Kvke‡bi Kb¨v (1954), AvjgbM‡ii DcK_v (1954), Avwkqvbv (1955), Rxeb Kve¨ (1956), KvÂbgvjv (1961), RvqRsMj (1978), g‡bi gZ VuvB (1985), mgy`ªevmi (1986), hvi mv‡_ hvi (1986), bevbœ (1987), KvÂbMÖvg (1998) Ges AvZ¥‰RewbK Dcb¨vm Cl`vfvm (2016)| GQvovI Av‡Q kv‡ni evby (1945), A‡bK w`‡bi Avkv (1952), c_ Rvbv †bB (1953), †XD (1953), `yB ü`‡qi Zxi (1955), gRv Mv‡Oi Mvb (1987), cyuB Wvwj‡gi Kve¨ (1987) cÖf…wZ MíMÖš’| Av‡iv Av‡Q wZbwU wK‡kvi Dcb¨vm : iv‡Zi AwZw_ (1945), KvKjxgyLi (1948-Gi c~‡e©), mevB hv‡K Kij †njv (1961)| Dcb¨v‡mi g‡a¨ GKgvÎ AvjgbM‡ii DcK_v BwZnv‡mi †PZbvq iwPZ, GQvov evwK me cÖvq †jvK¯úkx©| Avi KvÂbMÖvg iwPZ evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i †cÖÿvc‡U| Kvke‡bi Kb¨vi cÖ_g cÖKvk evsjv 1361, wØZxq cÖKvk 1364 Ges Z…Zxq cÖKvk 1375-G| cÖKvkK Imgvwbqv eyK wW‡cv, XvKv| cÖ_g I wØZxq

25

ms¯‹i‡Y †jL‡Ki bvg Qvcv n‡q‡Q ÔAveyj Kvjvg kvgmy`&w`bÕ| cÖm½Z 1364 mv‡j KjKvZvi behyM cÖKvkbx cÖKvwkZ kv‡ni evby MíMÖ‡š’I GKBfv‡e (Aveyj Kvjvg kvgmy`&w`b) bvg gyw`ªZ †`Lv hvq| cieZx©K‡j mvsevw`K Aveyj Kvjvg kvgmywχbi m‡½ bvgweåvU †`Lv w`‡j wZwb kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg bv‡g †jLv ïiæ K‡ib| G-cÖm‡½ †jL‡Ki eqvb : ÔAvRv`-m¤úv`K mv‡n‡ei bv‡gi m‡½ Avgvi bvg GK nIqv‡Z †hme Amyweav m„wó nBqv‡Q, Zvnv wbim‡bi Rb¨ GLb nB‡Z Avgvi bvg Ôkvgmy`&`xb Aveyj KvjvgÕ wjwL‡ZwQÕ (RxebKve¨ MÖ‡š’i f‚wgKv)| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi cÖ_g Dcb¨vm Kvke‡bi Kb¨v| Dcb¨v‡mi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ †`‡ki gvwU Avi gvby‡li cÖwZ Mfxi AvMÖn| `wÿY evsjvi Kg©Rxex gvby‡li Ab¨Zg Ôbv‡qi gvwSÕi Rxe‡bi myL-`ytL, Avkv-wbivkv, KvwVb¨-†KvgjZv wKsev `„pZv, †cÖg-wein G-Dcb¨v‡m D¾¡j n‡q dz‡U D‡V‡Q| Zxinviv gvwS‡`i Rxe‡bi Avw_©K AbUb, Afve, k~b¨Zv, nvnvKvi, kvwšÍi bxo iPbvi e¨_© cÖ‡Póv, †cÖwg‡Ki Awfgvb Avi Aby‡kvPbv, mvgvwRK Drcxo‡b RxY© bvwqKvi mvnwmK M„nZ¨vM, mvgvwRK wewawb‡l‡ai Mfx‡i wbgw¾Z n‡q Aby‡kvPbvi cwiYwZ‡Z Amnvq AvZ¥mgc©Y G-Dcb¨v‡mi Aa¨v‡q Aa¨v‡q cwiùzU n‡q D‡V‡Q| Dcb¨v‡m `y‡Uv Kvwnwb cvkvcvwk, cwiYwZi cÖ‡Póvq KL‡bv †Kv‡bv GKwU Kvwnwb cvi¯úwiK cwiwgwZi Afv‡e A‡cÿvK…Z kø_ n‡q cvVKgb‡b cxovi KviY n‡q `uvovqwb| Kvke‡bi Kb¨vq Nv‡Ui gvwSi Rxe‡bi AmsL¨ LÐwPÎ D¾¡j n‡q‡Q †jL‡Ki ms‡e`bkxj g‡bi gvayixwgwkÖZ evYxe܇b| †jLK AZ¨šÍ mZK©Zvi m‡½ ¯’vbxq ev AvÂwjK fvlv e¨envi K‡i‡Qb GB Dcb¨v‡m| A_P G-fvlv KL‡bv †Kv‡bv cvV‡Ki gg©cxovi KviY n‡q `uvovq bv A‡eva¨Zvi ARynv‡Z, cv‡Vi MwZ‡KI kø_ K‡i bv| Jcb¨vwmK kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg †jvK-HwZn¨‡K Kxfv‡e aviY K‡i‡Qb Zuvi gb‡b, Zvi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq Dcb¨v‡mi cÖwZwU Aa¨vq web¨v‡m mshy³ †jvKMxwZi ms‡hvR‡b| Aa¨v‡q Aa¨v‡q : g‡bi gvbyl bB‡j g‡bi K_v KBI bv K_v KBI bv, cÖvY mRbx †Mv (c„ 0) Avevi my‡L‡i KBivwQ ˆeix †i eÜz `yt‡L‡i †`vmi| Avwg c‡ii cxwi‡Z gRvBqv

Avcb Kijvg ci? (c„ 75) c‡ii Aa¨v‡q Zzwg †Zv my›`i Kb¨v

†gv‡i w`Q gb euvkxi my‡i †Zvgvi K_v

Kwne GLb! (c„ 87) Avevi Avwg Ggb KiBqv mvRjvg mvRvBjvg

Zey eÜz AvBjv bv GZ †iŠ` gv_vq jBqv GZ †`qB gv_vq jBqv GZ Kv`v-†Ruv‡Ki Kvgo LvBqv †ÿ‡Z jvOj w`jvg, dmj w`jvg †mB dmj wmRvBjvg, ivwÜjvg Zey fv‡Z †mvqv` cvBjvg bv| (c„ 113) Avevi eay ü`q †h Avi gv‡b bv eviY

26

Avevi

A½i †hŠeb-R¡vjv bv gv‡b kvmb| (c„ 191)

I Avgvi ¸iæi K_v ej‡ev wK, Avgvi fiBqv †M‡Q `yB AuvwL (c„ 161) c‡ii Aa¨v‡qi ïiæ‡Z : Avwg †Zv Aejv bvix nBjvg AšÍi cyiv K‚j fvw½‡j b`xi Rj g‡a¨ c‡o Pov (c„ 179) Avevi Avevi Kx AvBmev‡i gvwS

GB Nv‡U bvI jBqv Avwg †h iBgy w`evivwZ Avmvi cš’ PvBqv| (c„ 210) Ges †kl Aa¨v‡qi ïiæ‡Z : ¸iæ †Zvgvi PiY Kijvg mvi Zzwg we‡b †Kg‡b Kg‡e

GB `yt‡Li fvi (c„ 215) Gme D×…wZi †k‡l ÔmsMÖnÕ K_vwU †jLv Av‡Q| †jvKMxwZ fvwUi my‡i myi wgwj‡q †hb b`xi KjZv‡b GKvZ¥ n‡q wgwj‡q hvq GB K_vgvjv| cÖwZwU D×…wZ c~Y©c„ôve¨vcx Ges Zvi m‡½ Av‡Q wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi AuvKv †¯‹P| Ggb g‡bvig A½m¾v wb‡q cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Kvke‡bi Kb¨vi AšÍZ wZbwU ms¯‹iY| GB Dcb¨v‡mi Ab¨Zg PwiÎ wkK`vi GKRb †jvKKwe| K_vq K_vq Mvb †M‡q hvi cwiPq ZviI Rxe‡b †cÖg Av‡m, Av‡m wein; †klvewa wkK`vi Ni-msmv‡ii euva‡b aiv c‡o bv, eis fvwUi †mªv‡Z Mv fvwm‡q P‡j hvq my`~i fvwUi †`‡k| ïay e‡j hvq Ô†`n mvabvi jBM¨vB ciev‡m PjjvgÕ| d‡j mvaviY gvby‡li mij RxebcÖev‡ni †ivgvw›UK Av‡eM Avi e¨vKzjZvB G-Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb DcRxe¨| G-Dcb¨v‡mi Pwi‡Î Ø›Ø-msNvZ †Zgb ¯’vb cvqwb; Zv †hb †mªv‡Zi Uv‡b wejxb n‡q wg‡k †M‡Q, †f‡m †M‡Q Rj‡mÖv‡Z| hvhvei †e‡`i RxebKvwnwb wb‡q M‡o D‡V‡Q Dcb¨vm KvÂbgvjv| M„n¯’ K…lKcyÎ KvÂb Avi fvmgvb †e‡`i cvwjZ Kb¨v gvjvi †ivgvw›UK Av‡jL¨ wb‡qB G-Dcb¨v‡mi †`n wbg©vY| b`xi ey‡K fvmgvb Rxeb-gi‡Y Af¨¯Í †e‡`-Av‡jL¨B

Zxinviv gvwS‡`i Rxe‡bi Avw_©K AbUb, Afve, k~b¨Zv, nvnvKvi, kvwšÍi bxo iPbvi e¨_© cÖ‡Póv, †cÖwg‡Ki Awfgvb Avi Aby‡kvPbv, mvgvwRK Drcxo‡b RxY© bvwqKvi mvnwmK M„nZ¨vM, mvgvwRK wewawb‡l‡ai Mfx‡i wbgw¾Z n‡q Aby‡kvPbvi cwiYwZ‡Z Amnvq AvZ¥mgc©Y G-Dcb¨v‡mi Aa¨v‡q Aa¨v‡q cwiùzU n‡q D‡V‡Q|

G-Dcb¨v‡mi g~j DcRxe¨| †e‡` cwiev‡i jvwjZ gvjvi m‡½ Pvwli †Q‡j Kv‡bi †cÖgwgj‡b AšÍivq †e‡` m¤úª`v‡qi g`b| Gi Av‡M Aek¨ `wi`ª K…lKcyÎ KvÂb gvjvi †cÖ‡gi Uv‡bB †e‡`-Rxeb‡K eiY K‡i wb‡qwQj ¯^”Q‡›`| g`‡bi K‚U‡KŠk‡j KvÂb †e‡`i AvkÖq †_‡K n‡jv weZvwoZ| MÖv‡g wd‡i KvÂb †cj gvjvi Avmj cwiPq Ñ †m †e‡`i †g‡q bq| KvÂb wd‡i wM‡q gvjv‡K wb‡q cvwj‡q hvq| GB mv`vgvUv Kvwnwb Aej¤^‡b iwPZ KvÂbgvjv Dcb¨v‡mi ˆewkó¨ Ab¨Î| KvÂbgvjvi Jcb¨vwmK Dcb¨vm‡K cÖvYešÍ K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb †e‡`-Rxebv‡jL¨i giwg DcvL¨vb Dc¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g| Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnwbweb¨v‡mi duv‡K duv‡K ˆeòec` D”PviY, mvcy‡oi Mvb, Mvowji cyuw_ cvV, mvc †Ljv‡bv †e‡` bvP cÖf…wZ Dcb¨vm‡K MxwZgq K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| MxwZKvagx© †ivgvw›UK PwiÎweb¨vmB †hb G-Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb cÖwZcv`¨| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi mvaviY Kg©Rxex gvby‡li cÖwZ ggZ¡‡evaB G-cwi‡ek m„wói mnvqK| KvÂbgvjvi fvlvi Muv_ywb m‡ZR I †eMevb, Zvi m‡½ Av‡Q D×…wZi evnvi|

ivavi wK nBj AšÍ‡i e¨_v

ewmqv wei‡j _vKvq GK‡j

bv ï‡b Kvnvi K_v wKsev

QyuBIbv QuyBIbv ea~ HLv‡b _v‡Kv

gyKzi jBqv Puv` gyLLvwb †`‡Lv

bq‡bi KvRj eqv‡b †j‡M‡Q

Kv‡jvi Dci Kv‡jv

cÖfv‡Z DwVqv I gyL †`wLby

w`b hv‡e AvwR fv‡jv Dcb¨v‡mi welqwbf©i †kÖwYwePv‡i KvÂbgvjv‡K AvÂwjK Dcb¨vm †kÖwYfz³ ejv hvq| Avi GB AÂj ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB evsjv‡`‡ki `wÿY A‡ji Rbc`, A_©vr †jL‡Ki Rb¥f‚wg Ges ˆkke-ˆK‡kvi AwZevwnZ ewikvj AÂj| cÖm½Z e‡j ivLv fv‡jv, kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi gyLbvg ev WvKbvg ÔKvÂbÕ| Avcb-gn‡j ÔKvÂb fvBÕ bv‡g wZwb we‡kl cwiwPZ wQ‡jb| Avcb m„wói †ÿ‡ÎI wZwb welqwU‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| wjL‡jb KvÂbgvjv, Avevi KvÂbMÖvg| welqwUi w`‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q ejv hvq, KvÂbgvjv Zuvi RxebKvwnwb n‡q I‡Vwb| KvÂbgvjv‡K †jL‡Ki RxebwfwËK ev AvZ¥‰RewbK Dcb¨vm ejv hvq bv| KvÂbgvjv n‡q D‡V‡Q †jL‡Ki wPi‡Pbv cvwicvwk¦©K cÖwZ‡e‡ki RxešÍ AvL¨vb| KvÂbgvjv `wÿY evsjvi we‡kl GK Rb‡Mvôx †e‡`‡`i Rxe‡bi myL-`ytL, nvwm-Kvbœv, †cÖg-wein, Ø›Ø-msNvZ, Avkv-wbivkvi RxešÍ Av‡jL¨| †e‡`‡`i †Kv‡bv ¯’vqx evwoNi ev wVKvbv †bB| †bŠKvq fvmgvb wewPÎ G‡`i Rxeb| hvhvei †kÖwYi GB Rb‡Mvôxi A¯’vqx fvmgvb Avevm-wePi‡Yi wewPÎ eY©bv dz‡U D‡V‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| †e‡`mgv‡Ri g‡a¨B RxebcÖev‡ni evB‡i MÖvg-MÄ, nvU-evRvi GgbwK b`x-bvjv, Lvj-we‡ji bvbv cÖm½ D‡V G‡m‡Q KvÂbgvjvq| MÖvgevsjvi wewPÎ PvjwPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡mi cvZvq cvZvq| gvwU‡Quvqv K_vmvwnwZ¨K kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi eY©bv‡KŠk‡j gvwUi gD gD myevm cvVK‡K AvcøyZ K‡i †Zv‡j mn‡RB| AvjgbM‡ii DcK_v cieZx©Kv‡j bvg cwieZ©b K‡i `yB gnj ivLv n‡jI Zv AvjgbM‡ii DcK_v bv‡gB †ewk cwiwPZ| GwU GKB m‡½ DcK_v Ges BwZnvm| AvjgbM‡ii DcK_v MYRvMiY Avi mgvRweeZ©‡bi Kvwnwbgq wPÎKí| hyMci¤úivq we¯Í…Z BwZnv‡mi bvbv DcKiY wkíxi mv_©K Zzwji Uv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q BwZnvmK_vq| †m-Kvwnwb‡Z wea„Z

n‡q‡Q hyM gvbwmKZvi wbh©vmiƒc, Avi †m-BwZnvm n‡q D‡V‡Q mgvRweeZ©‡biB BwZnvm| ga¨-fvi‡Zi cxi nRiZ RvgvjDÏxb ag©cÖPv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ G-†`‡k G‡m Av¯Ívbv †M‡owQ‡jb AvjgbM‡i| AvjgbM‡i agx©q †PZbv weKv‡ki †Rvqvi G‡jv| cx‡ii g„Zz¨i ci Zuvi eskaiiv agx©q †PZbv‡K †MŠY †f‡e Hk¦h© e„w× Avi Zv iÿYv‡eÿY‡KB gyL¨ fve‡jb| M‡o †Zv‡jb bevwe Avi bevwe †RŠjy‡m fiv ivRcÖvmv`| †cÖ‡gi duv` †c‡Z bev‡ei nvZ a‡i cÖvmv‡` cÖ‡ek Kij MnievC| wKš‘ MnievCi †cÖg nvi gvbj bevwe `‡¤¢i Kv‡Q| beve ˆmq` Avmjv‡gi wejvm‰ef‡ei w`b †kl n‡q G‡jv| wejvZ †_‡K AvaywbK wkÿvq wkwÿZ n‡q G‡jb beveRv`v AvjgMxi| D`vi gvbwmKZvm¤úbœ D”PwkwÿZ G-hyeK gvbyl Avi Zvi fv‡jvevmvi gh©v`vq wek¦vmx| †ivkbvevC‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z Zvi AvcwË †bB Ñ eis Av‡Q Drmvn| gvbyl‡K gh©v`vevb †`L‡Z, †kvlYgy³ †`L‡ZI Zvi Drmv‡ni AšÍ †bB| gvbemf¨Zvi BwZnv‡m be¨ †kvlK wkícwZi AvMg‡bi g‡ZvB Dcb¨v‡m G‡jb gxi Luv| AvaywbK Rxe‡bi RNb¨Zg †kvl‡Yi g‡š¿ n‡jb `xwÿZ| Hk¦h©evb gxi Luvi AvMgb e‡q Avbj `ye©j mvgšÍZ‡š¿i m‡½ bZzb Amvay wkícwZi msNvZ| †m-msNv‡Zi gxgvswmZ cwiYwZi Av‡MB D¾¡j n‡jv MY‡PZbvi Awfe¨w³ Ges RqI n‡jv MYwPšÍvi| bZzb gvbeRxe‡bi G-Bw½Zc~Y© m~Pbvq Dcb¨v‡mi mgvwß| evOvwj wK‡kviPwiÎ mv‡e‡ii Rxe‡bi GKwU ÿz`ª Ask wb‡q mevB hv‡K Kij †njv Dcb¨v‡mi †`nwbg©vY| wbgœweË N‡ii †jLvcovq Ag‡bv‡hvMx wK‡kvi mv‡ei| †jLvcovq gb †bB A_P Pviw`‡Ki bvbv wel‡q Zvi AvMÖn| bvbvR‡bi bvbv Kv‡R mvnvh¨ Kivi cÖ‡Póv Zvi mevi Av‡M| GKw`b ¯‹z‡ji g¨vwRK jÉb †givgZ K‡i w`‡q mevi `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i| A_P wbR cwiev‡ii †KD cQ›` K‡i bv mv‡ei‡K| mevB Gwo‡q PjZ, GKgvÎ †evb gÄy Qvov| eofvB gv‡jK wQj m¤ú~Y© Avjv`v Pwi‡Îi, †jLvcov Kiv fv‡jv QvÎ| GKmgq mv‡ei cwiwPZ nq †Ljvi gv‡Vi eÜz iwd‡Ki cwiev‡ii m‡½| iwd‡Ki Av‡gwiKv cÖevmx AvZ¥xq Avng` mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q ¯^xK…wZ cvq mv‡e‡ii KvwiMwi †gav| Avng` mv‡n‡ei APj n‡q hvIqv wm‡bgv cÖ‡R±iwU †givgZ K‡i w`‡q mv‡ei Zuvi wcÖqfvRb n‡q I‡V| mv‡e‡ii cyZzj ˆZwii †KŠkjI gy» K‡i Avng` mv‡ne‡K| GB cyZzj ˆZwii †KŠk‡ji m~Î a‡iB Avng` mv‡ne mv‡ei‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`b Zuvi Av‡gwiKvb eÜz g¨vK mv‡n‡ei m‡½| g¨vK mv‡n‡ei APj Mvwo mPj K‡i w`‡q wew¯§Z K‡i mevB‡K| g¨vK mv‡ne Lywk n‡q Zuvi MvwowUB w`‡q †`b mv‡ei‡K| wKš‘ mv‡ei †m-Mvwo wb‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| mv‡ei GKmgq Amy¯’ n‡q c‡o| wPwKrmv Kivq evev-gv| GKw`b Avng` mv‡ne I g¨vK mv‡ne mv‡e‡ii evwo‡Z G‡m mvZ nvRvi UvKvi †PK †`b| cyZz‡ji bZzb bZzb wWRvBb Kivi Rb¨ Pvi nvRvi UvKv, Avi mv‡ei †h-Mvwo (†givgZ Kiv) †bqwb, Zvi `vg wn‡m‡e wZb nvRvi UvKv, GB †gvU mvZ nvRvi UvKv| GB mvZ nvRvi UvKvB mv‡e‡ii cwiev‡ii cvjve`‡ji PvweKvwV| Zvn‡j †Kgb wQj mv‡e‡ii cwievi| †mB Kvwnwb w`‡qB Dcb¨v‡mi we¯Í…wZ| mgmvgwqK mg‡qi wbgœwe‡Ëi mvgvwRK Ae¯’v-Ae¯’v‡bi IciB M‡o D‡V‡Q mevB hv‡K Kij †njv| mv‡e‡ii evev MÖvg †Q‡o kn‡i hvb fv‡M¨i A‡š^l‡Y| †QvU PvKwi K‡ib| †m-PvKwii Avq GZ Kg †h, Zv‡Z QqR‡bi msmvi Pvjv‡bv `vq| `yB †Q‡j, `yB †g‡qmn QqR‡bi msmvi| mvgvj w`‡Z Awd‡mi evB‡i mv‡e‡ii evev †QvU‡`i Rb¨ cvV¨eB

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iPbv K‡ib| †mLv‡bI cÖKvkK bv‡gi ayiÜi e¨emvqx‡`i Là‡i c‡ob| GKmgq A‡bK K‡ói Av‡q XvKvi kvwšÍbMi GjvKvq GKUv †QvU evwo †Kbvi Pzw³ K‡i †mLv‡b I‡Vb, wKš‘ evwK UvKv †kva Ki‡Z bv cvivq †Q‡o P‡j Avm‡Z nq †m-evwo †_‡K| mv‡e‡ii GB UvKv wdwi‡q †`q †mB evwo| †PK cvIqvi ci Jcb¨vwmK cvVK‡K mv‡e‡ii m‡½ Av‡iv Nwbô K‡i †Zv‡j : gv G‡m hLb ey‡K †U‡b wb‡q Avb‡›` gv_vq Pzgy †L‡jb, †Kej †mB mg‡q †m Zvi nv‡Z †mB †PKLvbv ¸u‡R w`‡q Zvi ey‡K gyL jywK‡q ejj : evev‡K e‡j Avgv‡`i †mB kvwšÍbM‡ii evwo‡Z wd‡i hvevi e¨e¯’v K‡iv gv| gv evi evi Zvi gv_vq Pz‡gv †L‡q ej‡jb : Ki‡ev Ki‡ev evev, †KD hv cvi‡jv bv, Zzwg †mB Amva¨ mvab K‡i‡Qv| (mevB hv‡i Kij †njv, 1961, c„ 107) Ggb GKUv cvwievwiK NUbv‡K †K›`ª K‡i wbwg©Z Dcb¨vm mevB hv‡K Kij †njvq D‡V G‡m‡Q mgmvgwqK mg‡qi mvgvwRK, Avw_©K cvjve`‡ji ev¯Íe wPÎ| †`kwefv‡Mi ci A_©vr MZ kZ‡Ki cuv‡Pi `k‡Ki evOvwj wbgœ-ga¨we‡Ëi MÖvg †Q‡o kn‡i Avmvi cÖeYZv Ges kû‡i Rxe‡b bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNv‡Zi weiæ‡× msMÖvg K‡i †eu‡P _vKvi myKwVb msMÖv‡gi Kvwnwb dz‡U D‡V‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| Gi m‡½ Av‡Q wK‡kvi gb¯Í‡Ë¡i h_v_© we‡kølY| cÖPwjZ Av_©-mvgvwRK †cÖÿvc‡U mšÍvb, we‡kl K‡i †Q‡jiv †jLvcov wk‡L PvKwi-evKwi K‡i fv‡jv Avq-DcvR©b Ki‡e, msmv‡ii Mwiwe nUv‡e, GB _v‡K evev-gvi cÖZ¨vkv| kZ Avw_©K AbU‡bI †Q‡ji wkÿvq hv‡Z e¨vNvZ bv N‡U †mw`‡K _v‡K mRvM`„wó| mnR K_vq †L‡q-bv-†L‡qI †Q‡j‡K wkwÿZ Ki‡Z n‡e| †m‡ÿ‡Î †jLvcovi evB‡i m„Rbkxj †gav weKv‡k mnvqZvi †Kv‡bv cÖkœB DV‡Z cv‡i bv| GB cÖPwjZ aviYv †_‡K Ab¨w`‡K cvV‡Ki †PvL wdwi‡q‡Qb Jcb¨vwmK kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg| mv‡ei‡K wZwb `uvo Kwi‡q‡Qb cÖPwjZ avivi evB‡i m„Rbkxj †gavweKv‡ki avivi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ebvÂj my›`ie‡bi evwm›`v‡`i Rxe‡bi wewPÎ Kvwnwb, NUbv †mB m‡½ cÖvK…wZK ˆewP‡Î¨i eY©bv wb‡q M‡o D‡V‡Q RvqRsM‡ji Aeqe| mvMicv‡ii ebf‚wgi bvbv‡kÖwYi gvby‡li Rxe‡bi wewPÎ Kvwnwb dz‡U D‡V‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| my›`ieb GjvKvi gvby‡li Rxeb wewPÎ ˆewk‡ó¨ mgy¾¡j| wnsmª cïcvwLi m‡½B G‡`i Rxebhvcb| evN, mvc, Kzwgi, nwiY, euv`i †hgb Av‡Q, †Zgwb Av‡Q my›`ix, MRvwi, †MvjcvZvi m‡½ Av‡iv KZ MvQcvjv, jZvcvZv| Av‡Q bvbv Rv‡Zi gvQ| G-A‡ji gvbyl‡K RxweKvi cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖwZwbqZ hy× Ki‡Z nq cÖwZc‡ÿi m‡½| wnsmª Rš‘-Rv‡bvqvi Avi cÖvK…wZK SÅvi m‡½ cÖwZwbqZ msMÖvgB G‡`i Rxeb| GB RxebcÖev‡ni ev¯Íewbf©i I mij e„ËvšÍ RvqRsM‡ji g~j AvKl©Y| †mm‡½ Av‡Q my›`ie‡bi nvwi‡q hvIqv HwZ‡n¨i cÖwZ Mfxi ggZ¡fiv Av‡ÿc| †jL‡Ki fvlvq : bvbviKg weivUvKvi e„ÿ, Nb Nb euvk-Svo, ARmª jZv I ¸j¥, `kev‡iv nvZ j¤^v †nvMjv, †MvjcvZv, bj-LvMov, Kvk I kbeb Avðh© iKg Rxebxkw³ jBqv ¯^v¯’¨ I †mŠ›`‡h© GB AiY¨‡K GK gnvgwng iƒc w`‡q‡Q| (RvqRsMj, 1978, c„ 2) GB †mŠ›`‡h©i eY©bv dz‡U D‡V‡Q Dcb¨vmwUi ci‡Z ci‡Z| †mB m‡½ Av‡Q my›`ie‡bi evwm›`v‡`i †jvf-jvjmv, Ø›Ø-msNvZ, loh‡š¿i Kvwnwb| Av‡Q e¨w³¯^v_© nvwm‡ji bvbv dw›`-wdwKi|

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†kvlK-†kvwl‡Zi Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z KL‡bv fvix n‡q I‡V my›`ie‡bi AvKvk-evZvm| Dcb¨v‡m †e‡`mgv‡Ri Rxeb-cwiwPwZI D‡V G‡m‡Q mv_©Kfv‡e| wfbœ cwi‡e‡k emevmKvix GK`j gvby‡li Rxeb msMÖvg †hgb dz‡U D‡V‡Q RvqRsMj Dcb¨v‡m, †Zgwb GB wekvj A‡ji fwel¨r wb‡qI mRvM n‡q I‡Vb Dcb¨v‡mi m‡PZb cvVK| bvbv PwiÎ wbg©v‡Y gywÝqvbvi ¯^vÿi †i‡L‡Qb kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg Zuvi RvqRsM‡j| RvqRsMj cÖKv‡ki cÖvq GK `kK ci cÖKvwkZ nq g‡bi gZ VuvB| wfbœavivi Dcb¨vm g‡bi gZ VuvB| GK wfbœ cwi‡e‡k Gi Kvwnwb web¨vm; Dc¯’vcb †KŠkjI Avjv`v| GK ch©UK Pwi·K Aej¤^b K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q g‡bi gZ VuvB| Kvwnwb eY©bv A‡bKUv msjvcwbf©i| c„w_exi Ab¨Zg AvKl©Yxq ch©Ub †K›`ª BZvwji †fwb‡mi RxebhvÎv eY©bvi ga¨ w`‡q Gi cU D‡b¥vPb| ch©UK Pwi·K †K›`ª K‡iB kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg Zuvi mvgªvR¨ev`we‡ivax fvebv e¨³ K‡i‡Qb GB Dcb¨v‡m| Avwgi GB Kvwnwbi cÖavb PwiÎ| bvgB e‡j †`q †m BZvjxq bq| Aci `yB Pwi‡Îi GKRb †fwbm kn‡ii GK †nv‡Uj gvwjK cwiev‡ii †g‡q gvwiqv Avi GKRb gvwK©b ZiæYx K¨vij Ñ mgvRweÁv‡b mœvZK †m| GB wZb Pwi·K †K›`ª K‡i wKQyUv nvjKv wÎfzR †cÖ‡gi Kvwnwb †hb g‡bi gZ VuvB| Z‡e G‡K wbQK †cÖ‡gi Kvwnwb ejv hv‡e bv, eis Gi D‡Ïk¨ Ab¨ wKQy, wVKvbv Ab¨ †Kv_vI| GB Ab¨ wKQy n‡jv ivR‰bwZK gZv`k© cÖPvi; Avi †m-gZv`k© mvgªvR¨ev`we‡ivax g‡bvfve| GB Dcb¨v‡mi g~j cÖwZcv`¨ ejv hvq gvby‡li ¯^‡`k A‡š^lv| Kvwnwbi g~j ev †K›`ªxq PwiÎ evOvwj hyeK Avwgi †`kåg‡Y BZvwj G‡m hv †`‡L‡Q, hv †L‡q‡Q me D‡jøL K‡i‡Q, A_©vr Jcb¨vwmK Gme ewj‡q‡Qb Zuvi m„ó Pwi‡Îi gy‡L| †Kej e‡jB ÿvšÍ nbwb, Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb evsjv‡`‡ki `„k¨ ev Lv‡`¨i m‡½| BZvwji mgvR †`‡L Avwg‡ii Awfe¨w³ : GLv‡bI Afve †`‡LwQ, `vwi`ª¨ †`‡LwQ, Avi Zvi cvkvcvwk wPËe„wËi ARmª Hk¦h©, HwZn¨| G‡`‡ki gvby‡li Rxeb mvabv Avgvi †mB †`‡ki †P‡q wfbœ wKQy bq| (g‡bi gZ VuvB, 1985, c„ 52) gvby‡li Rxeb mvabvi Awfbœ msMÖvg mvabvi K_v D‡V G‡m‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| `yB †`‡ki gvby‡li †h gvbweK HK¨ ev mvhyR¨ Jcb¨vwmK Zvi w`‡K mRvM `„wó †i‡L A‡Pbv c‡_ c_ nuvwU‡q‡Qb Avwgi‡K| Dcb¨v‡mi cÖvq †k‡li w`‡K Avwgi †fwb‡mi GKwU †QvU †i‡¯Íviuvq †m‡`‡ki Lvevi ÔwcrmvÕi AW©vi †`q, m‡½ Zvi evÜex gvwK©b ZiæYx K¨vij| Jcb¨vwm‡Ki Ae‡jvKb : wcrmv G‡m †Mj| Avwgi Qywi KuvUv nv‡Z wb‡q ejj : Rv‡bv, G wRwbmUv A‡bKUv Avgv‡`i †`‡ki Z›`ywi iæwUi g‡Zv| †KD †KD e‡j wcVv| †Kej †MvkZ ZiKvwi wbR iæwPi m‡½ wgwk‡q wgwk‡q †L‡Z nq| (g‡bi gZ VuvB, 1985, c„ 76) Dcb¨v‡mi mgvw߇Z kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi eY©bv-ˆbcyY¨ cvVKgv·KB AvKl©Y K‡i| Zuvi fvlvq : cy‡ei AvKvk ZLb cÖvq dm©v n‡q Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| wKQyÿ‡Yi g‡a¨B eKeK K‡i DV‡e cvqivi `j| NÈv †e‡R DV‡e wMR©vi P‚ovq| eû kZvãxi eû gvby‡li wbtk¦vm Avi ü`‡qi AwfhvÎx ¯^cœcyix AveviI †R‡M DV‡e e¨¯ÍZvq, gvby‡li wf‡o| iƒcK_vi eB‡qi c„ôv †K‡U

†K‡U ˆZwi †fwb‡mi i½g‡Â AveviI AwfbxZ n‡e cvbv jxjvbvU¨| h‡ZvB †Rv‡i e‡q †h‡Z PvK S‡oi evZvm, jv¸bvi Kv‡jv cvwb nvgv¸wo w`‡q D‡V G‡m gy‡Q wb‡q †h‡Z PvK Zvi DciKvi Li PiYwPý, AvRI †m awiÎxi g‡Zv J`v‡m¨ Zvi exi mšÍvb‡`i VuvB †`‡e| kx‡Zi †k‡l emšÍKv‡ji g‡Zv N‡i N‡i Rvbvjvq Rvbvjvq dz‡ji †gjvi cÖvq aŸ‡mcov weeY© Nievwo¸‡jv‡K D¾¡j K‡i Rxe‡bi cÖwZ wek¦vmUv‡KB Avevi cÖKU K‡i Zzj‡e| `~i `~ivšÍ †_‡K Avmv bvweKI Zvi gvqv fzj‡Z cv‡i bv| (g‡bi gZ VuvB, 1986, c„ 91) eY©bvi GB gywÝqvbv kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi ¯^vZš¿¨‡KB ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg cÖvq †hŠe‡b gvZ…f‚wg evsjv‡`k †Q‡o emwZ †c‡ZwQ‡jb BZvwji †iv‡g| Zuvi †mB Avevm‡K wZwb g‡bi gZ VuvB g‡b K‡i wfb‡`‡k cÖ_g cÖ‡e‡ki AwfÁZv‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q GB Dcb¨vm wj‡L _vK‡Z cv‡ib| mgy`ªevmi Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡Z (cÖ_g ms¯‹iY) Ômgy`ªevmiÕ wk‡ivbv‡g `ywU evK¨ Qvcv Av‡Q GiKg : g~j Dcb¨vmwUi iPbvKvj 1947-48 mvj; eZ©gvb AvswkK cybwj©Lb I ms¯‹iY 1980-81 mv‡j| AvÂwjK mv`„k¨ iÿvi D‡Ï‡k¨B cÖvPxb M`¨ixwZ e¨eüZ| (mgy`ª evmi, 1986, c„ 7)| GB evK¨`ywU †_‡K cvVK mn‡RB Rvb‡Z cv‡ib GwU 1947-48 A_©vr †`kwefvM Ges †`kwefv‡Mi cieZx© mg‡qi †cÖÿvc‡U iwPZ, GwU AvÂwjK Dcb¨v‡mi ch©vqfz³ Ges Gi fvlvixwZ ¯^Zš¿| Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡Z Gi Kvwnwb m¤^‡Ü †jL‡Ki fvl¨ : G Kvwnbx GK wnmv‡e c„w_exi BwZnv‡mi gZB cyivY-K_v| †`k Kvj Ges gvbyl †Mvôx‡f‡` Zvnvi fvlv I GKB iKg bq| wjwce× BwZnv‡m ivR¨ivóª fvOvMov Zuvnvi ivR-ivR‡b¨i weeiY Av‡Q| wkjvwjwc, Zvgª, GgbwK ¯^Y©cv‡ÎI eû KxwZ©-Kvwnbx Ges Rq civR‡qi LÐ LÐ Aa¨vq wgjvBqv †h BwZnvm mvaviYZ wjwLZ nq, ZvnviI evwn‡i Rxeb-K_v cwoqv iq, †mBw`‡K KvnviI `„wócvZ eo mnR nBqv I‡V bv| f‚¾© A_ev Zvjc‡ÎI †h Mv_v-DcMv_v gvby‡li gw›`‡i gw›`‡i †kvfv cvBqv‡Q, Zvnvi g‡a¨I Gi †KvbI D‡jøL bvB| (mgy`ª evmi, 1986, c„ 337) wkjvwjwc, Zvgªwjwc, f‚R©cÎ, Zvjc‡Î wjwce× wKsev BwZnv‡m hv‡`i ¯’vb †bB Ggb gvbe‡Mvôxi Rxebv‡jL¨ wb‡qB mgy`ªevm‡ii †`n, wbg©vY| mvMiZx‡ii wewfbœ †Mvôxi wewPÎ †ckvi gvby‡li Rxe‡bi wewPÎ Kvwnwb D‡V G‡m‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| G‡`i RxebKvj wba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q 1947-Gi †`kwefv‡Mi c~e© ev weªwUk kvmbKv‡ji †kl ch©vq Ges weªwUk we`v‡qi c‡ii mgq| mvMi DcK‚‡ji RbRxe‡bi eY©bvi cvkvcvwk bMiRxe‡bi cÖwZ AvKl©‡Yi K_vI wee„Z n‡q‡Q mgy`ªevm‡i| mvMiZx‡i emevmKvix †R‡j, †e‡`, Kzgvi, gM, ˆe`¨ ev e¨evB¾vi Rxebv‡jL¨ †hgb ewY©Z n‡q‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m; Avevi cÖfve-cÖwZcwË we¯Ív‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq jvwVqvj‡`i K_vI †fv‡jbwb gvwU‡Quvqv Jcb¨vwmK kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg| †mB m‡½ Av‡Q my‡ii cvMj eqvwZ, Avi †bŠKvi QB‡q Zvi †`vZviv-mvwi›`v nv‡Z gb-gvZv‡bv Mv‡bi myi| †L‡U LvIqv gvby‡li KwVb Rxebv‡jL¨ eY©bv GB Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb DcRxe¨ n‡jI Zvi cvkvcvwk †RvZ`vi awbK †kÖwYi kvb-kIK‡Zi eY©bv w`‡ZI †fv‡jbwb GB mgvRm‡PZb Jcb¨vwmK|

GB Dcb¨v‡m †hme A‡ji K_v D‡jøL Av‡Q Zvi A‡bK bvgB KwíZ bq, ev¯Íe| Av‡Q evnv`yicyi, mywe`cyi, ev‡KiMÄ, bjwQwU, SvjKvwV, cvw`©kxecyi, Pid¨vkb, myRvev`, KzqvKvUv, gvwUfv½v, †eZvMx, Kvg‡`ecyi BZ¨vw`| Dcb¨v‡mi m~Pbvq †h-AvÂwjKZvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †m-AÂj ewikvj AÂj| †jLK fvlv e¨env‡i m‡PZbfv‡e ewikv‡ji AvÂwjKZvi ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| Dcb¨v‡m DwjøwLZ Mvb ev Mv‡bi Ask D‡jø‡LI wZwb AvÂwjK fvlv e¨envi K‡i‡Qb m‡PZbfv‡e : ivBZ Kvjv RvBZ Kvjv Kvjv mgyÏy‡ii †XD Dc‡i Av‡Q Av‡jvi gvjv †`L‡Qv PvBqv †KD! I‡i Avgvi fvB †eiv`i PvPv bv nq †`L †RvbvK †cv‡Ki †Ljv euvwPqv AvwQ GB K_vUvB muvPv euvwPqv _vKzK i½-i‡mi †gjv Ñ (mgy`ªevmi, 1986, c„ 245) bvbv cÖwZK‚jZvi g‡a¨ AwZevwnZ nq mvMiZxievmx‡`i Rxeb| cÖwZwbqZ hy× Ki‡Z nq cÖwZK‚j cÖK…wZi m‡½| G-cÖwZK‚jZv †_‡K gyw³ †bB mvMiZx‡ii gvbyl‡`i| ZviB my¯úó eY©bv cvIqv hvq Dcb¨v‡mi G‡Kev‡i †kl ch©v‡q| †jL‡Ki eY©bv cvVKgv·KB wePwjZ K‡i †Zv‡j : †Kv_vI †KvbI wKQy AuvKovBqv awievi my‡hvMI †m cvBj bv| K‡qKwU gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ †m µgvMZ cvK LvBqv kãnxb `„k¨nxb Abyf‚wZnxb GK †Nvi AÜKv‡ii g‡a¨ nvivBqv †Mj| N~wY©i m‡½ m‡½ mgy`ª nB‡Z DwVqv Avwmj cvnv‡oi gZ DuPz DuPz †XD, †hb ZvnviB-†PjvPvgyÐv `jej, bvbviKg MR©b I †Kvjvnj Zzwjqv Zvnviv gË nBj wbôzi aŸsmh‡Á| P‡ii †KDB ev †KvbI wKQyB Zvnv‡`i A‡µvk nB‡Z AvZ¥iÿvi my‡hvM cvBj bv| (mgy`ªevmi, 1986, c„ 335) Gi ciB Av‡Q : †bŠKv cv‡oi Xvjy gvwU ¯úk© Kwievi m‡½ m‡½ †m D‡Ø‡M AvMÖ‡n jvdvBqv cwoj wb‡P, hw`I †KvbI w`‡K wbZ¨w`‡bi cwiwPZ Nievwo MvQcvjv wKQyB †hb Avi Aewkó wQj bv, Zey †m cÖvq Db¥v‡`i gZ †mB aŸsm¯Í‚‡ci g‡a¨ me wKQy LuywRqv †eovB‡Z jvwMj| G‡K G‡K WvwK‡Z ïiæ Kwij mK‡ji bvg awiqv, wKš‘ †Kvbw`K nB‡Z KvnviI †KvbI mvov wgwjj bv| me w`K †`wLqv g‡b nBj So Avi Zzdvb †hb me wKQy ayBqv gywQqv jBqv wMqv‡Q| (mgy`ªevmi, 1986, c„ 337) GB mewKQy ay‡q-gy‡Q wb‡q hvIqv hv‡`i wbZ¨w`‡bi mvw_, Zv‡`iB wVKvbv mgy`ªevmi| mgy`ªevmi ZvB n‡q I‡V BwZnv‡mi GK Agi gnvKve¨| GKw`b †R¨vrmœviv‡Z G‡mv Avgv‡K †kvbv‡e Zzwg G‡`‡ki †mB iƒcK_v k•Lgvjv, ivRcyÎ, km¨kvjv, Avnv gwi, AviI KZ wKQy! me wM‡q Zey wKQy _v‡K GKw`b Avgv‡`iI fv‡jvevmv n‡e Ôfv‡jvevmv †nvKÕ Ñ †h †hLv‡b Av‡Q fv‡jv †nvK Zvjyi †fZ‡i Zvgv `» †`k Zz‡j ewj,

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Ôfv‡jv †nvK †h †hLv‡b Av‡Q fv‡jv †nvK|Õ (hvi mv‡_ hvi, 1986, c„ 7) wek kZ‡Ki Qq-mv‡Zi `k‡Ki mvov RvMv‡bv Kwe Aveyj nvmv‡bi KweZvi GB QÎ KwU w`‡q ïiæ kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi Dcb¨vm hvi mv‡_ hvi| D‡jøL¨, kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg Zuvi cyuB Wvwj‡gi Kve¨ MíMÖ‡š’i ïiæ‡ZI Kwe Aveyj nvmv‡bi iPbv †_‡K ev‡ivwU QÎ D‡jøL K‡i Zvi wb‡P wj‡L‡Qb : ÔAKvj-cÖqvZ Aveyj nvmvb-Gi AwZKvq †`e`viæ esk bvgK Amgvß KweZv †_‡K|Õ hvi mv‡_ hvi Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnwb M‡o D‡V‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki K…wlwbf©i RbRxe‡bi Mfxi Abyf‚wZkxj gg©evYx wb‡q| †L‡U LvIqv wbixn MÖvgevmxi Rxebhvc‡b †RvZ`vi gybvdv‡Lvi‡`i †jvjycZv; Zvi weiæ‡× K…lKKz‡ji m‡PZb Av‡›`vjb-msMÖvg Ges †mB msMÖv‡g mdjZv BZ¨vw` welq-Avkq wbcyYfv‡e D‡V G‡m‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| K…wlwbf©i Rb‡Mvôxi RxebmsMÖv‡gi m‡½ gnvRb-†RvZ`vi‡`i AZ¨vPvi loh‡š¿i bvbv Kjv‡KŠkj †gvKvwejv K‡i weRq wQwb‡q Avbvi Kvwnwb‡Z D¾¡j GB Dcb¨vm| †mB m‡½ D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q mvgvwRK ixwZbxwZi ¯^iƒc| Ôevsjvi gvwU evsjvi R‡jÕ c~Y© ¯^Y©Mf©v gvwU †mvbvi dm‡ji Rbbx| hZ dmj GB evsjvi gvwU‡Z d‡j Zv‡Z Kv‡ivi Abvnv‡i _vKvi K_v bq| A_P GLv‡bI `ywf©ÿ nq; Abvnv‡i cÖvY nviv‡Z nq AMwYZ gvbyl‡K| mgvRm‡PZb Jcb¨vwmK kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi Kj‡g †mB `ywf©‡ÿi KiæY weeiY dz‡U I‡V mv_©Kfv‡e| hvi mv‡_ hvi Dcb¨v‡mi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ w`‡Ki eY©bv ˆewkó¨| Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡Z : kx‡Zi mKv‡j m~h©I nq‡Zv Nyg †f‡O RvM‡Z Mwogwm K‡i| wKQyUv Ny‡g wKQyUv kx‡Z nq‡Zv †mI KuzK‡o ¸wU‡q Avcb Mv‡qi †jcK¤^j G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i †d‡j meLv‡b| GKmgq avb‡ÿ‡Zi Ici Zvi LmL‡m cvZvq Ggb K‡i AvU‡K hvq †h Zvi Avi Qvwo‡q †beviI D`¨g _v‡K bv| nv‡Zi Uv‡b †mB Kzqvkv-K¤^j `~i K‡i w`‡Z w`‡Z †PvL c‡o BwZg‡a¨ nq‡Zv wKQy Dg †c‡qB avb¸‡jv †ek †cv³ n‡q DV‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwU Mv‡Qi †Pnviv Mwf©Yx hyeZxi g‡Zv, av‡b Pvc w`‡j ¯Í‡bi †euvUvq †ewi‡q Avmv `ya-Gi g‡Zv im| Zvi ¯^v` wgwó, i‡O cÖwZkÖæwZ| (hvi mv‡_ hvi, 1986, c„ 9) Dcgv-iƒcKvkÖqx Ggb eY©bv evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ weij ejv hvq| cÖK…wZ eY©bvq kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi gywÝqvbv me©Rb¯^xK…Z| Ggb eY©bv cvVK‡K evsjvi cÖK…wZi Mwn‡b cÖ‡e‡ki ØvicÖv‡šÍ wb‡q hvq mn‡RB| hLb ü`‡qi Av¸b wb‡f Av‡m mg¯Í wKQyB by‡q c‡o †hb A‡avgywL jZv, m~‡h©i Wv‡K Rv‡M bv mvov P›`ªZv‡c bv wkniY, GgbwK ˆekv‡Li gvZvj S‡oI †`v‡j bv kixi, bv cÖwZev‡`, bv Djøv‡m †hgb n‡q _v‡K D×Z cjøe GK`v †h-†jvK †RvQbvi wbwe‡o nwi‡Yi mv‡_ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Q ¯^cœvKzj Rjcvb ev‡Ni †WvivKvUv Qvqvq e‡m †g‡Z‡Q Amg wekÖ¤¢vjv‡c

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†m †Kb, Ni Ni bvix bvix eÜz eÜz e‡j Aweivg wPrKvi AK¯§vr iæ× K‡i G‡Kev‡i P‡j †h‡Z Pvq ¯§„wZi cicv‡i hw`I wkKo Zvi †Qu‡owb †gv‡UI! †K Zv‡K `ynv‡Z †g‡i‡Q Agb †K Zv‡K `yÕnv‡Z †g‡i‡Q Agb †h cÖvYim wbt‡k‡l S‡i †M‡Q AweKj †m wK AbyÿY dm‡ji wejxb n‡q hvIqv? fvlv †hb me©vs‡k Aci nv‡Zi Qvqv, myVvg bxjf Rvnv‡R P‡o µgvMZ mg¯Í gvbweKZv aylKvi AwaKvi gvZ…f‚wg †Q‡o P‡j hvIqv? †m wK †Kvgjv½ fv‡jvevmvi wbN©vZ bvwfk¦vm, mr cÖwZ‡ekx kZZvi `g eÜ n‡q Avmv, cÖZvi‡Ki wekvj `y`©všÍ g~wZ©‡Z Avc‡mi evKkw³i wbiæcvq `vg KZ wj‡L †`qv? †m wK Am¤¢e A‡bK i³cvZ, Qywii Qvqvi bx‡P Rxe‡bi me©¯^ cZb? GZ wKQy gv‡i †Kb gvby‡l‡i hLb ZLb? ïay nvIqv Avi †iŠ`ªR‡j Awbe©vY _v‡K bv wK wb‡RB wb‡R‡K Ag„‡Zi myavim, wPiKvj AbvnZ? gvby‡li Qvqv †Kb gvbyl‡KB Kv‡U, KvjvšÍK, †Kewj †bfvq Av¸b? (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 7)| nvmvb nvwdRyi ingv‡bi GB `xN© KweZv w`‡q bevbœ Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi wfbœagx© Dcb¨vm bevbœ cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq 1987-i GwcÖ‡j| cÖKvkK : gy³aviv, XvKv| †jL‡Ki Kíbvi Rbc` Ôiƒcvi †SviÕ| GB Rbc‡`i gvby‡li Rxeb-RxweKv, †cÖg-fv‡jvevmv, Ø›Ø-msNvZ, cÖfve-cÖwZcwËi Kvwnwb wb‡q Dcb¨v‡mi kixi-wbg©vY| wKš‘ †Kv_vq GB Ôiƒcvi †SviÕ? Gi †Kv‡bv †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’v‡bi nw`m †g‡j bv GB Dcb¨vm cv‡V| eis Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡Z †jLK GK AwPb Ôiƒcvi †SviÕ-Gi mÜvb †`b| g‡b nq G-GK Kíbvi Ôiƒcvi †SviÕ| Jcb¨vwmK ¯úó K‡i e‡jb : K‡e KLb Ges Kviv †h cÖ_g G GjvKvq G‡m emwZ K‡iwQ‡jv GLbKvi Awaevmx‡`i Kv‡iviB Zv fv‡jv K‡i Rvbv †bB| Z‡e GKUv welq wbwðZ hviv Gi bvgKiY K‡iwQj Ôiƒcvi †SviÕ Zviv Av‡iK hy‡Mi, Av‡iK mf¨Zvi gvbyl| GK mgq Zviv Kv‡Qi wekvj Mv‡Oi †mªv‡Z †hLv‡b G‡m‡Q, Zvici GKw`b Avevi Kvj‡mªv‡Z †f‡m †M‡Q| LÐ LÐ Pif‚wgi ga¨ w`‡q AuvKveuvKv Rj‡mªvZ †hLv‡b cÖej‡e‡M Mv‡O wM‡q wg‡k‡Q, cÖLi †iŠ‡`ª Zvi Sjg‡j iƒc GL‡bv †PvL Sj‡m †`q| GKmgq Zvi GK‡Kv‡Y GKUv cvKv KvQvixevwo ch©šÍ wQ‡jv| mvg‡b Lvov wQj weivU GKUv eUMvQ Avi PZzw`©‡K Zvj-bvi‡Kj-mycvwii eb| mßv‡n GKevi nvU em‡Zv H eUg~‡j, `~‡i `~ivšÍi †_‡K Avm‡Zv L‡Ïi Avi e¨vcvixiv| wKš‘ Lvg‡Lqvjx b`x gwZMwZ e`‡j Zv Luy‡o Kz‡i wb‡Ri MnŸ‡i cy‡i‡Q, bv nq bvgvi mgy‡`ª fvwm‡q wb‡q †M‡Q| GK mgq †h wKbvivq `uvwo‡q Mv‡Oi Gw`K-†mw`K Kx Av‡Q †`Lvi Rb¨ DrmyK n‡Zv, GLb Zvi Kv‡Q †h‡ZI fq nq| GK GK LÐ Lvov cvo MvQMvQvwj m‡gZ †hfv‡e †f‡O c‡o jyß n‡q hvq, Zv †`‡L †`‡L g‡b nq fze‡b meB AwbZ¨, wKQyB ¯’vqx bq, A_©nxbfv‡e †KvbI gvqvi e܇b Rwo‡q c‡o wKQy jvf †bB| Avi †Kej H MvOB bq, `wÿY †_‡K nVvr

dzu‡m Avmv `vb‡ei g‡Zv So Zzdvb K‡Zvevi QviLvi K‡i w`‡q †M‡Q me wKQy, Zey gvbyl kvgy‡Ki g‡Zv cv‡oi gvwU AuvK‡o wU‡K _vK‡Z †P‡q‡Q, nvi gvb‡Z Pvqwb cÖwZK‚j fvM¨ A_ev fweZ‡e¨i Kv‡Q| †mB Aciv‡Rq g‡bvej wQ‡jv e‡jB `qvj †PŠwK`vi GL‡bv G fze‡b wU‡K Av‡Q| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 9)| GB `qvj †PŠwK`viB Dcb¨v‡mi gyL¨ PwiÎ| `qvj-Rxe‡bi bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNv‡Zi wewPÎ Kvwnwb dz‡U D‡V‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| nvRv‡iv KwVb cÖwZK‚j cwiw¯’wZi m‡½ msMÖv‡g weRqx `qvj †PŠwK`vi nvi gv‡b bv wb‡Ri mšÍv‡bi Kv‡QI| g„Zz¨‡K eiY, Zey bxwZ †_‡K wcQy nUv bq| ejv hvq wb‡Ri †Q‡ji nv‡ZB Rxeb w`‡Z nq GB AvRxeb msMÖvgx `qvj †PŠwK`vi‡K| `qvj †PŠwK`v‡ii knievmx †Q‡j gwR` abm¤úwËi †jv‡f evevi Kv‡Q Av‡m Rwg wjwL‡q wb‡Z, wKš‘ evev Zv‡Z ivwR nq bv| gwR` †Rvi K‡i ¯^vÿi wb‡Z PvB‡j `qvj †PŠwK`vi GK SvgUvq Zvi nvZ Qvwo‡q wb‡q‡Q : cvMj Avwg? wb‡Ri gvwU, GB gvwU hvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU KYvq es‡ki K‡Zv Nvg K‡Zv i³ cyY¨ n‡q wg‡k Av‡Q, Zv wewK‡q †`evi †bkv wK †KvbI my¯’eyw×i KvR? (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 92) wKš‘ gwR` bv‡Qvoev›`v| bvbv hyw³ †`Lvq| Zv‡ZI nvi gv‡b bv `qvj| gwR` Avev‡iv k³fv‡e GwM‡q †M‡Q Zvi Kv‡Q : ÔmB K‡iv bB‡j dj fv‡jv n‡e bv|Õ `qvj ZLb wbtmvocÖvq| DV‡Z Pvq DV‡Z cv‡i bv fvOv †PqviUv †Q‡o| Z…òvq eyK †d‡U hv‡”Q `qv‡ji| cvwbi Rb¨ nvnvKvi K‡i| †Q‡j gwR‡`i mvd Reve, Av‡M mB, Zvici cvwb| Zvici : KjgUv Quy‡o †d‡j w`‡q‡Q `qvj †PŠwK`vi| †Rvi K‡i D‡V `uvovevi †Póv Ki‡Z wM‡qI gwR‡`i av°vq †m †mB †K`vivUvi Dci ûogyo †L‡q c‡o‡Q| G‡KB †PqviUv GKw`‡K KvZ n‡q †KvbI iK‡g Lvov wQ‡jv, Gevi Avi a¯Ívaw¯Íi av°v mvgjv‡Z cv‡iwb| G‡Kev‡i gvwUi Dc‡iB AvQ‡o c‡o‡Q `qvj †PŠwK`vi, Avi †mB my‡hv‡M gwR` Zvi Mv‡qi Dci wM‡q GKiKg †Rvi K‡i †P‡c a‡i‡Q : Ki ejwQ, mB Ki! `qvj †PŠwK`vi nuvmduvm K‡i‡Q D‡V `uvov‡Z, nvZ w`‡q †hb evZvm a‡i Lvov n‡Z †P‡q‡Q, Zvici AK¯§vr wb‡¯ÍR n‡q ax‡i ax‡i gvwUi Dci Gwj‡q c‡o †M‡Q| gwR` Zv‡K K‡qKevi bvovPvov w`‡qI Avi †KvbI mvov cvqwb| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 93)| `qvj †PŠwK`v‡ii g„Zz¨i ci Zvi †Q‡j gwR‡`i AvPiY : GKav‡i LuywUi Kv‡Q duzwc‡q IVv Zwg‡Ri w`‡K †P‡q gwR` nuvK w`‡q‡Q : GB GB †Quvov, fv‡jv K‡i ZvgvK †m‡R wb‡q Avq| †gvovUv‡K cv‡q †V‡j GKav‡i e‡m c‡o‡Q gwR`| wKš‘ DVv‡bi wf‡oi w`‡K GK GK K‡i ZvwK‡q †Kgb GKUz cvsï n‡q †M‡Q Zvi gyL| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ : 94) gwR‡`i Avi †Kv‡bv AvPiY-wePi‡Yi D‡jøL †bB Dcb¨v‡m; Av‡Q cÖZxKx cÖwZev`| `qvj †PŠwK`v‡ii †cŠÎ ZwgR gwR‡`i ûKzg Zvwgj K‡i ZvgvK mvRv‡Z hvq bv; eis †duvcv‡bv gyL wb‡q GK`„‡ó ZvwK‡q _v‡K gwR‡`i w`‡K| Zvici GKw`‡K c‡o _vKv eo`v`yi jvwVLvbv GwM‡q †`q eo`v`yi Amvo nv‡Zi Kv‡Q|

nq‡Zv GKgvÎ ZviB wek¦vm nq bv †h eo`v`y Ggb K‡i g‡i †h‡Z cv‡i| gv‡jKI Zv‡K e‡j‡Q eUMvQ KL‡bv g‡i bv| GKUv bv GKUv Aej¤^‡bi Dci Lvov _v‡KB| hyM hyM a‡i Qvqv †`q, AvkÖq nq, wVKvbv nq, wbkvbv nq| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 94) Gfv‡eB Dcb¨v‡mi mgvwß| gwR‡`i GB AvPi‡Yi c~e©vfvm cvIqv hvq Dcb¨v‡mi cÖvq ïiæ‡Z wØZxq Aa¨v‡q| gwR‡`i B”Qv ÔRvq-Rwg me †e‡P kn‡i wM‡q DV‡ZÕ| wKš‘ `qvj †PŠwK`vi Zv‡Z ivwR bv| kn‡i †Q‡ji evwo‡Z bvwZ-bvZwb‡`i wbwðZ Av`i-h‡Zœi K_v †R‡bI `qvj †mw`‡K cv evovq bv| gvwUi UvbB Zvi Kv‡Q eo AvKl©Y| †h-gvwU Zv‡K jvjb K‡i‡Q †mB gvwU‡ZB wg‡k _vKj `qvj †PŠwK`vi| GMv‡ivwU Aa¨v‡q mgvß GB †QvU Dcb¨v‡m wee„Z n‡q‡Q BwZnv‡mi `xN© mg‡qi bvbv NUbv-Kvwnwb| evOvwj mgv‡Ri ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK welq-Avkq D‡V G‡m‡Q bevbœi cvZvq cvZvq| G‡m‡Q bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNv‡Zi wewPÎ me Kvwnwb| Dcb¨v‡mi Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q Gi mgqKv‡ji wKQyUv cwiPq cvIqv hvq : BwZg‡a¨ Bs‡iR-Rvg©vb hy× †kl n‡Z bv n‡ZB Av‡iK hy× ïiæ n‡q †Mj wn›`y Avi gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨| hviv G‡ZvKvj Gi we‡kl †Kv‡bvw`‡KB †Zgb Szu‡K c‡owb ZvivI kni-e›`‡ii MY¨gvb¨‡`i UvbvUvwb‡Z †ek GKUz gykwK‡j c‡o †Mj| ci¯ú‡ii wek¦vm Avi ¯^v‡_©i cÖ‡kœ PZzw`©‡K †hiKg †ilv‡iwli fve †R‡M DV‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jv Zv Kviæi c‡ÿB †Zgb Lye ¯^w¯ÍKi wQ‡jv bv| ZLb wVK †mB mgq hLb Mv‡Oi fv½b iƒcvi †Sv‡ii KvQvoxevwoi wfZ ch©šÍ G‡m †cuŠ‡Q‡P| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 21)| wØZxq wek¦hy×-cieZx© mg‡q mv¤úÖ`vwqK m¤úÖxwZ‡Z wPo aivi m‡½ b`xi fvO‡bi cÖZxKx e¨env‡i kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg †h gywÝqvbvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb Zv AZzjbxq| †mB m‡½ cvV‡Ki †Pv‡L AvOzj w`‡q †`wL‡q w`‡q‡Qb Ôkni-e›`‡ii MY¨gvb¨‡`i UvbvUvwb‡ZÕB MÖvgevsjvi gvbyl Ggb Awek¦v‡mi c‡_ cv evwo‡q‡Q| G-K_v BwZnvm-¯^xK…Z †h, evsjvq hZ mv¤úÖ`vwqK nvbvnvwb ev `v½v, Zvi AwaKvskB N‡U‡Q kni GjvKvq| Zv N‡U‡Q Z_vKw_Z wkwÿZ gvbyl‡`i Drmvn I cÖ‡ivPbvq| Aek¨ Zvi †cQ‡b KvR K‡i‡Q Bs‡iR †ewbqv kvm‡Ki K‚U‡KŠkj| GB †ilv‡iwl †h evsjvi gvby‡li Kv‡Q mn‡R MÖnY‡hvM¨ wQj bv, †m-K_viI D‡jøL cvIqv hvq Dcb¨v‡m| `qvj †PŠwK`v‡ii cwiev‡i †h-fvOb, ZviI g~j kni I MÖv‡gi we‡iv‡ai m~‡Î| `qvj †PŠwK`v‡ii `yB †Q‡j gwR` Avi gv‡jK; gwR` †jLvcov wk‡L‡Q evev-`v`vi AvMÖ‡n| wkwÿZ gwR` kn‡i hvq, PvKwi K‡i, myyweav‡fvMx‡`i m‡½ `nig-gnigI Av‡Q| wKš‘ Zv‡Z mš‘ó _vK‡Z cv‡i bv gwR`| kn‡i hvevi ci Gwd‡WwfU K‡i bvg e`‡j‡Q gwR`| wb‡Ri Kv‡b ï‡b G‡m‡Q `qvj †PŠwK`vi, bvg wb‡q‡Q Ave`yj gwR` †KvivBkx| Zvici †kL †P‡c GLb wjL‡Q Gm G gwR` †KvivBkx| wb‡Ri †Q‡ji bvgI †i‡L‡Q ˆmq` Avjx †KvivBkx| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 52)| bvg Avi eskcwiPq cvjwU‡q ˆmq` ebvi GB PZziZvq nZevK `qvj †PŠwK`vi| fvB gwR‡`i AvMÖ‡n gv‡jKI kn‡i hvq GKmgq| wKš‘ welq-ˆefe Zv‡K AvKl©Y Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY gv‡jK Ab¨ auv‡Pi gvbyl| †Zgb cÖvwZôvwbK †jLvcov K‡iwb| wKš‘ cov‡kvbvi cÖwZ Zvi Mfxi AvMÖn| hy³ nq †Mvcb wecøex msMV‡bi m‡½| c‡o wecøex eB, hv Zv‡K †`k‡cÖgx K‡i

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Zz‡j‡Q; †RjI LvU‡Z n‡q‡Q| `xÿv †`q KwVb †`k‡cÖ‡gi| AskMÖnY K‡i gyw³hy‡×| ¯^vaxbZv-cieZx© mg‡q GK‡kÖwYi gvby‡li Kg©KvÐ †`‡L Zvi g‡b cÖkœ Rv‡M : we‡`wk AZ¨vPvix‡`i Zvwo‡q w`‡Z cvi‡jB wK me `yt‡Li Aemvb n‡e? (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 42) Zvi Av‡MB gv‡j‡Ki Dw³ : ¯^vaxbZv G‡m‡Q wVKB, wKš‘ bvbvb kÎæ GL‡bv †hb cv‡q cv‡q Pj‡Q| (cÖv¸³, c„ 40) kn‡ii gvqv KvwU‡q gv‡jK GKmgq wd‡i Av‡m wb‡Ri MÖv‡g, evevi Kv‡Q| n¨v evcRvb| Avwg gbw¯’i K‡iB G‡mwQ| _vK‡Z Gjvg †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †`‡ki Kv‡R, `‡ki Kv‡R| Zzwg wVKB e‡jv evcRvb, Avcb gvwUi g‡Zv mv”Pv wRwbm gvby‡li Kv‡Q Avi wKQyB †bB| Avt! GB AvKvk evZvm gvwU R‡ji †Quvqv †c‡q Avwg Avevi mim m‡ZR n‡q DVwQ| g‡b n‡”Q, Avgvi hw` †KvbI KZ©e¨ _v‡K, Z‡e Zv ev¯ÍweKB GBLv‡b| evcRvb, Zzwg ev‡i ev‡i SoZzdv‡b Nv-LvIqv eû eQ‡ii cyiv‡bv eUMv‡Qi g‡Zv, A‡bK `~i Aewa †Zvgvi wkKo, A‡bK †Zvgvi kw³| Avwg †Kej †Zvgvi Kv‡Q GKUz AvkÖq PvB| n¨v GKUz AvkÖq PvB| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 37)| gwR` Avi gv‡jK GB `yB fvB n‡q I‡V MÖvg Avi kn‡ii ؇›Øi cÖZxK| Avi gv‡jK Pvq MÖv‡g †_‡K evevi Kv‡R mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv K‡i, cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i MÖv‡gi Dbœqb| my‡L-`yt‡L mevB wg‡j m¤úÖxwZi mgvR Movq `„pcÖZ¨qx gv‡jK| Avi gwR` †jvf †`Lvq evev‡K, fvB‡K| Zv‡`i‡K kn‡i wb‡q wb‡Ri evwo‡Z ivL‡Z Pvq cig h‡Zœ| wKš‘ †mB hZœ-myL AvK…ó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv gvZ…f‚wgi gvwUi Uv‡b AvK…ó evev Avi †QvUfvB gv‡jK‡K| †KŠkj Avi eywׇZ bv †c‡i wbôziZvi c_ †e‡Q †bq gwR`| ˆcZ…K m¤úwË wj‡L w`‡Z m¤§Z bv nIqvq †Q‡j gwR‡`i nv‡ZB wbnZ nq evev `qvj| †h-gvwUi cÖwZ `qv‡ji ggZ¡, †mB gvwUi gvbyl, gvby‡li Rxeb, Zv‡`i bvbv †ckv, ag©gZ, mngwg©Zv, mK‡ji wgjb Drme bevbœ, mvgvwRK Abyôvb we‡q Ges cÖPwjZ Av‡iv bvbvb ixwZ-†iIqvR Gm‡ei weeiY †hgb dz‡U D‡V‡Q Dcb¨v‡m, †Zgwb Rwg`v‡ii Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPvi, Rwg`vwi cÖ_vi Ryjyg-†kvlY, dwoqv-e¨emvqx‡`i †`ŠivZ¥¨, RbmsL¨v e„w×, Zv †iv‡a cwievi cwiKíbv e¨e¯’vi cÖPjb, †eKviZ¡ BZ¨vw`iI eY©bv cvIqv hvq bev‡bœ| Av‡Q wbLv` †`k‡cÖ‡gi K_v, g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿ‡qi K_v| Dcb¨v‡m bev‡bœi K_v D‡jøL `yevi| `qvj †PŠwK`v‡ii Revwb‡Z cÖ_g bevbœ G‡m‡Q Ab¨vb¨ Drme-Avb›` cÖm‡½, D‡jøL GiKg : ZLb G‡Ki Rwg‡Z nvj †`evi mgq ixwZg‡Zv GKUv Drme n‡Zv, Drme n‡Zv avb †evbv Avi avb KvUvi mgqI| GL‡bv g‡b Av‡Q evwoi Kvgjv‡`i m‡½ AvwgI †MwQ avb‡ÿ‡Zi cv‡k| AvwgI gv_vq †eu‡a wb‡qwQ nvU †_‡K wK‡b Avbv jvj MvgQv, Mjvq †QvU †Xvj| nuvUzmgvb Kv`vi g‡a¨ `uvwo‡q mvwi›`v †`vZviv Kx Mv‡bi m‡½ Zvj †`Iqv Lye mnR wQ‡jv bv| Zv‡j Zv‡j avb ey‡b‡Q G evwo †m evwoi †jvK| DVv‡bi GKav‡i †cjøvq †UK`vb ˆZix K‡i e¨e¯’v n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i †fvR‡bi| bev‡bœi mgq †mB Drm‡ei †hb Avi †kl wQ‡jv bv, †QvU †nvK, eo †nvK cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki evwo †jv‡K RgRg| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 63)

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Dcb¨v‡m bev‡bœi wØZxq D‡jøL cvIqv hvq G‡Kev‡i †k‡li w`‡K `kg Aa¨v‡q| `qvj fvZ †L‡Z e‡m Rwgjvi evwo‡Z| †L‡Z e‡m bZzb Pv‡ji MÜ †c‡q‡Q `qvj, ej‡Q, GB fvZ G‡Kev‡i †bvZzb av‡bi myevm Qov‡”Q| Rwgjv Lvevi †e‡o w`‡Z w`‡Z e‡j‡Q : bev‡bœi Pvj| wKQy euvwP‡q †i‡LwQjvg| Zzwg cQ›` K‡ib e‡jB †iu‡awQ| Dˇi `qvj e‡j : Avm‡j cÖwZwU AbœB †bvZzb Abœ| g‡b Av‡Q mevB GK mv‡_ avb †K‡U g‡j R¡vj w`‡q †h wmwbœ †LZvg| K‡Zvw`b †f‡ewQ m„wóKZ©vi †`Iqv GB ing‡Z cÖwZw`b †Kb Drme Kwi bv| (bevbœ, 1987, c„ 85) Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB bev‡bœi wPivqZ iƒc my¯úó n‡q I‡V| bevbœ evOvwj Rxe‡bi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ AvbyôvwbKZv| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg Rxe‡bi cÖwZw`b †mB Avb‡›`i cÖZ¨vkx| ZvB †Zv Dcb¨v‡mi bvg n‡q I‡V bevbœ| bevbœ Dcb¨v‡mi cÖavb ev †K›`ªxq ev bvqK PwiÎ `qvj †PŠwK`vi| Av‡Q Zvi `yB †Q‡j gwR` Avi gv‡jK Ges Zv‡`i gv †gvm‡jgv| Av‡iv Av‡Q `qv‡ji †QvU‡ejvi mvw_ Rwgjv, Rwgjvi ¯^vgx gyRd&di Avi Zv‡`i †g‡q †R¨vrmœv| Av‡Q Mdzi, me`vi wcqb, K‡qKRb Kvgjv, wKQy MÖvgevmx| †jLK Kv‡iv f‚wgKv‡K †QvU K‡i †`‡Lbwb| Dcb¨v‡m bvbv welq-Avkq D‡V G‡m‡Q kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi wbLuyZ eY©bvq| hvi gva¨‡g evOvwj cvVK mn‡RB Luy‡R †c‡Z cv‡ib AZxZ BwZnvm-HwZ‡n¨i †MŠieMv_v| fvlv-cÖ‡qv‡Mi e¨vcv‡iI wZwb HwZn¨mÜvbx| ewikv‡ji gvbyl kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg A‡bK RvqMvq ewikv‡ji AvÂwjK ev cÖPwjZ ev K_¨ kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb gywÝqvbvi m‡½| D`vniY wn‡m‡e ejv hvq, Dcb¨v‡mi cÂg Aa¨v‡q ÔAvBjÕ, ÔwRqj gvQÕ, ÔLvUvjÕ, Ô†LvojÕ, ÔMiRÕ, Ô`uvZ wKowgiÕ, ÔweZsÕ, ÔLvQjZÕ, Avevi mßg Aa¨v‡q Ôwe‡qi mivÕ, Ô†PvL UvUvwbÕ, `kg Aa¨v‡q ÔZvjvwdÕ, Ô†KvjvÕ BZ¨vw` kã e¨env‡ii K_v| Ggb ARmª kã ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q bev‡bœ| evOvwj Rxe‡b cÖPwjZ †ek wKQy cÖev`-cÖePbI e¨envi K‡i‡Qb †jLK, †Kv‡bv wel‡qi Mfx‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z hv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| Gi K‡qKwU D`vniY : Dcb¨v‡mi beg Aa¨v‡q Ô†Pv‡ii bRi †euvPKvi w`‡K, Avi bvwcZ ZvKvq Pz‡ji w`‡KÕ, ÔAwZ fw³ †Pv‡ii jÿYÕ, ÔGK gv‡N kxZ hvq bvÕ, Ômveav‡bi gvi †bBÕ, Avevi GKv`k Aa¨v‡q ÔAíwe`¨v fq¼ixÕ BZ¨vw`| Ggb Av‡iv cÖev`-cÖePb Qwo‡q Av‡Q GB Dcb¨v‡m| †QvU cwim‡i A_P wekvj K¨vbfv‡m iwPZ bevbœ †hb gnvKv‡e¨i Bw½Zevnx| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi c‡ii Dcb¨vm KvÂbMÖvg cÖKvwkZ nq 1998-†Z XvKvi mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk †_‡K| KvÂbMÖv‡gi GB ms¯‹i‡Y Av‡Q wewPÎ wel‡qi eY©bv| GB eY©bv †_‡K Rvbv hvq, ÔcÖ_g iPbv-Lmov : Ryb-RyjvB, 1972 XvKv Ges †ivg| cÖ_g evsjv I Bs‡iwR wPÎbvU¨ : Ryb-RyjvB, 1972 Ges Rvbyqvwi, 1973| cybwj©Lb : A‡±vei, 1986-Rvbyqvwi, 1987, †ivg, wgjvb nvmcvZvj (mvb ivdv‡qj) Ges gvP©-GwcÖj, XvKv|Õ (m~Î : MÖš’ ïiæ‡Z gyw`ªZ)| G‡Z KvÂbMÖvg iPbvi Kvjmxgvi †h BwZnv‡mi Bw½Z cvIqv hvq, Zv †Kv‡bv Dcb¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î ¯^vfvweK bq| G‡K Av‡iv AmvaviY K‡i †Zv‡j †jL‡Ki wb‡Ri eY©bvq| MÖ‡š’i ïiæ‡Z †jL‡Ki fvl¨ :

evOvwji nvRvi eQ‡ii RxebcÖev‡ni cwim‡i kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi KvÂbMÖvg Dcb¨vm-Kvwnwbi we¯Í…wZ| A‡bK mgv‡jvPK G‡K D”Pvwfjvlx Dcb¨vm e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Z Pvb| `xN©w`b cÖevmRxe‡b AwZôcÖvq wb‡Ri gv Avi gvwUi cÖwZ ¯§„wZKvZiZv (b÷vjwRqv) Zuv‡K G-c‡_ nuvwU‡q‡Q| mü`q cvVKeive‡ily, mvaviYZ †KvbI Dcb¨v‡mi ¯^Zš¿ f‚wgKvi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv; wKš‘ †`k-Kvj-cvÎ cÖf…wZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kwiqv wKQy e³e¨ wb‡e`b KZ©e¨ g‡b Kwi‡ZwQ| GKwU wbR¯^ M„n-†Mvôx Ges ¯^‡`k-evmbv gvby‡li mf¨Zvi AZ¨šÍ Mfxi Ges †gŠj welq; †KvbI Dcb¨v‡m Zvnvi h_vh_ iƒc-KíI AZ¨šÍ `yiƒn Kg©| †mB iKg ¯^‡`k I ¯^f‚wgi wewfbœ Kvwnbx †hgb cÖavb cÖavb gnvKv‡e¨i welqe¯‘, †Zgwb †jvKMv_v-DcK_v-iƒcK_v Ges BwZnv‡miI A½-cÖZ¨½| cÖvPxb MÖx‡mi A‡UvKjbym Ges `wÿY-c~e© Gwkqvi f‚wgcy·`i m‡½ mKj KvwnbxiB AwZ Nwbô m¤úK© Av‡Q Ñ GB iKg GKwU a¨v‡bi m~Î Aej¤^b Kwiqv eÿ¨gvY KwíZ Dcb¨vmwUi K_KZv; †KvbI we‡kl Rbc` †Mvôx A_ev PwiÎmg~‡ni ûeû AvL¨vb bq; eis wewfbœ `„wó‡KvY nB‡Z †gŠj Rxebevmbv‡KB cy•Lvbycy•Lfv‡e cixÿvi †Póv; GKB m½x‡Zi g~javivi wewfbœ ev`¨hš¿ I K‡Éi ¯^b‡b Dc¯’vc‡b GKwU AwfÁvb‡K iƒc-Kí`v‡bi cÖqvm; aªæc`x m½x‡Zi gZ Gi †KvbI LÐvskB nqZ wKQygvÎ g~j¨evb bq, c~Y©v½¯^iƒc GB Dc¯’vcbI †KvbI im-m„wó‡Z mÿg nBqv‡Q wK bv Zvi wePviI †Kej mü`q cvVKe„›`B Kwi‡Z cvwi‡eb| welqwU cÖvPxb Ges †h-fvlv Abyiƒc aªæc`x Pvwi‡Îi mn‡hvMx I AbyK‚j ZvnvB Aej¤^‡b eva¨ nBqvwQ| eZ©gvb MÖš’wUi m~Pbv wbR †`k-¯^cœ nB‡Z, ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ¯^‡`k MV‡bi cÖv°v‡j| g~j cÖ_gZ Bs‡iwR fvlvq Ôe¨vUj Ae evsjv‡`kÕ bv‡g wjwLZ nB‡jI eûwea Kvi‡Y Zvnv cÖKvk‡hvM¨ g‡b nq bvB| c‡i wb‡Ri Rxeb-msMÖv‡gi GK ch©v‡q cÖvq weaŸ¯Í Ae¯’vq Gi g~j welqe¯‘wU AveviI AbyiwYZ nBqv I‡V Ges GKRb †iL-wPÎKviK A_ev m½xZ-iPwqZvi gZ Zvnvi KZK¸wj LÐ LÐ iƒc GKB m‡½ MÖw_Z Kivi Aby‡cÖiYv †eva KwiqvwQjvg, AviI c‡i Zvnv‡K cÖKv‡kvc‡hvMx iƒc w`‡Z wMqv A‡bK ms‡kvab I m¤§vR©‡bi †PóvI KwiqvwQjvg; wKš‘ Avgvi wb‡RiB g‡b nq GB MÖ‡š’i m‡½ wbR †`‡ki eZ©gvb ev¯ÍeZvi †KvbI m¤úK© bvB; cÖevm-Rxe‡b wbR †`k-¯^‡cœi GKwU iƒc-Kíbvi Ave‡nB Gi m~ÎcvZ Ges mKj NUbv I PwiθwjI Kíbvi m„wó; AwaKš‘ †mB meB Avgvi K_ KZv‡K †cÖiYv w`qv‡Q, AvMvBqv jBqv wMqv‡Q| ...AviI GKwU K_v Ñ ¯§„wZ, kÖæwZ Ges Kíbv GB DcvL¨v‡bi me©cÖavb Kzkxje‡`i Ab¨Zg| ejv evûj¨, AsK‡b wP‡Î I m¾vq GB Av‡jL¨ DcvL¨vb gvÎ, KwíZ PwiÎ Ges NUbv mgv‡ek nqZ-ev †Kej wb‡R‡KB cÖey× Kwievi cÖqvm, †KvbI we‡kl gZ A_ev c_-Gi cÖPviYv Av‡`Š GB MÖ‡š’i D‡Ïk¨ bq; GKgvÎ †h B”QvwU Bnvi cðv‡Z mwµq Zvnv GB †h me©Î mK‡ji myeyw× nDK, g½j nDK| (KvÂbMÖvg, 2000, c„ 9-10)

ejv hvq wekvj Dcb¨v‡m cÖ‡e‡ki Av‡MB Jcb¨vwmK Zuvi m„wó‰ewP‡Î¨i w`Kwb‡`©kbv w`‡jb Ômü`q cvVKeive‡ilyÕ‡K| ej‡jb Zuvi GB iPbvi c~e©m~Î-m~Î, Kvwnwb, PwiÎ, Kvwnwbi Kvjmxgv BZ¨vKvi bvbv welq| GB †jLvi †kl ev‡K¨ kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg cvVK‡K Av‡iv Rvbvb : ü`q nB‡ZB wbR †`k, GKwU Rbc`, KZK¸wj PwiÎ Ges GK wecyj †Mvôx gvbyl †hb Avcbv nB‡ZB wdwiqv AvwmqvwQj, mg¯Í cÖwZK‚jZv m‡Ë¡I GK fv‡jvevmvi AsKzi D`MZ nBqv DwVqvwQj| (cÖv¸³) †`k Avi †`‡ki gvby‡li cÖwZ †mB fv‡jvevmvi eY©vX¨ cÖKvk GB KvÂbMÖvg| ÔKvÂbÕ †jL‡Ki wb‡Ri WvKbvg, Zuvi wb‡Ri MÖvgB †Zv ÔKvÂbMÖvgÕ| wKš‘ Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnwb †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó †fŠ‡MvwjK ÔMÖv‡gÕ mxgve× _v‡Kwb, n‡q D‡V‡Q wbR †`k, gvwU Avi gvby‡li we¯Í…Z wePiYf‚wg GK AÂj; ÔMÖvgÕ GLv‡b GK wekvj f‚L‡Ði cÖZxK †Kej| evOvwji nvRvi eQ‡ii RxebcÖev‡ni cwim‡i kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi KvÂbMÖvg Dcb¨vm-Kvwnwbi we¯Í…wZ| A‡bK mgv‡jvPK G‡K D”Pvwfjvlx Dcb¨vm e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Z Pvb| `xN©w`b cÖevmRxe‡b AwZôcÖvq wb‡Ri gv Avi gvwUi cÖwZ ¯§„wZKvZiZv (b÷vjwRqv) Zuv‡K G-c‡_ nuvwU‡q‡Q| evOvwji my`xN© BwZnvm, †`‡ki gvbyl Ñ Zv‡`i †kÖwY, Zv‡`i †ckv, bvbv m¤úª`vq Ñ Zv‡`i Avb›`gyLi Rxe‡bi myL-`ytL Avevi we‡ivwaZv msN‡l©i Kvwnwb, mvgvwRK-ivR‰bwZK-A_©‰bwZK aviv †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× BZ¨vw`i e¨vcK cwiPq dz‡U D‡V‡Q KvÂbMÖv‡g| KvÂbMÖvg †hb gnvKvwe¨K avivq cÖengvb| Zzjbxq †Kej ÔKZ Qwe KZ MvbÕ (L›`Kvi †gvnv¤§` Bwjqvm) Avi ÔcÙv †gNbv hgybvÕ (Avey Rvdi mvgmyÏxb)| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi Dcb¨v‡mi GK ˆewkó¨, Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡Z †Kv‡bv KweZvi Dc¯’vcb| KvÂbMÖvgI Zvi e¨wZµg bq| Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡Z AvVv‡iv Q‡Îi D×…wZi wb‡P †Kej †jLv Av‡Q, Ô†evwamË¡`vb KíjZvÕ| gv½wjK, DcµgwYKv, AeZiwYKv, cÖ_gv AšÍiv, wØZxqv AšÍiv, we¯ÍviYv, ¯^Ztkxjv, AeevwnKv, AšÍjx©bv, µgvšÍiv, ¯^qseiv, ga¨wgKv, aviv-Dcaviv, Dcje¨wqZv, wbwk_ M¤¢xiv, †Mvcbvwfmvi, ci¤úiv, w`K cwiµgv, AšÍtmwjjv, Rxeb eb¨v, K‚j-DcK‚j, Zi½ i½, evq evZvm, D`viv, †ec_y e¨vKzjv, Dcmsnvi, cwiwkó Ñ GB mvZvk Aa¨v‡q wef³ wekvj AvqZ‡bi Dcb¨vm KvÂbMÖvg| Kvwnwbi cwi‡”Q` web¨v‡m Jcb¨vwm‡Ki AwfbeZ¡ jÿYxq| GB Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnwb, NUbv, NUbvi cÖvmw½KZv BZ¨vw`i web¨vm hZUv bv eY©bvq, Zvi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk wewPÎ me Pwi‡Îi K_KZv Ges fvebvi gv‡S; d‡j m„wó n‡q‡Q GK bvUKxq Aven| cvÎ-cvÎxi K‡_vcK_‡bi ga¨ w`‡qB D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnwb| GB K‡_vcK_‡bi GK wekvj Ask Ry‡o Av‡Q ¯^MZK_b, hv bvU‡Ki fvlvq ¯^MZ-msjvc| `xN© Kvjmxgvi †cÖÿvc‡U iwPZ KvÂbMÖv‡g ewY©Z n‡q‡Q wØZxq

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wek¦hy×cieZx© mv¤úª`vwqK `v½v, †`kfvM Ges Gi cieZx© `yB `kK Kv‡ji gvby‡li e¨w³K, mvgvwRK, Av_©bxwZK, ivRbxwZK BZ¨vw` welq-Avkq| Dcb¨v‡mi cUweb¨v‡m KvwjK avivevwnKZv †Zgb ¸iæZ¡ cvqwb| Kvwnwbi c_Pjvq KL‡bv †cQ‡b ZvwK‡q Avevi KL‡bv mvg‡b GwM‡q c_ †nu‡U‡Qb Jcb¨vwmK| c~‡e©i I c‡ii bvbv wewPÎ welq †hb cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q aiv w`‡q‡Q| Jcb¨vwm‡Ki fvlvq : mg¯Í fviZel© Rywoqv hLb ev¯‘wfUv Z¨v‡Mi wnwoK cwoqv wMqvwQj, weËevb Ges ag©-e¨vKzj Rb‡Mvôx hLb cÖv‡Yi f‡q Ab¨Î QywU‡ZwQj, Ave`yj gv÷vi ZLb m‡egvÎ Rb¥jvf Kwiqv‡Q| ZvnvivI mbvZb wcZ…-cyiæ‡li wfUv-f‚wg Z¨vM Kwiqv Ab¨Î wQUKvBqv cwo‡Z eva¨ nBqvwQj| wØZxq wek¦hy× Ges cÖvq ZvnviB mgmvgwqK Kv‡j †`‡ki `yB cÖavb m¤úª`v‡qi ga¨Kvi we‡iv‡ai †KvbI cÖZ¨ÿ AwfÁZv Zvnvi nq bvB| (KvÂbMÖvg, 2000, c„ 27) weªwUkwe‡ivax ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb, †`kfvM, cvwK¯Ívwb kvmb, mvgwiK RvšÍv AvBDe-Bqvwnqv, e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ¯^vaxbZvi WvK, gyw³hy×Kvjxb cvK‡mbv‡`i AZ¨vPvi-wbcxob †Kv‡bv wKQyB ev` hvqwb KvÂbMÖv‡gi †PŠnwÏ †_‡K| wZZzgxi †_‡K †k‡ievsjv Ñ mevB G‡m‡Qb GB Kíbvi KvÂbMÖv‡g| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i ïiæi w`‡K MÖv‡gi gvby‡li fvebvi K_v ej‡Z Jcb¨vwmK kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi eY©bv : †nZv‡qZDjøvn&& GKUz BZ¯ÍZ Kwiqv ewjqvwQj : ÔAvgv‡`i GBLv‡b †Zgb W‡ii ev¯ÍweKB †KvbI KviY Av‡Q? Hme wgwjUvix-wdwjUvix Avgiv †KvbIw`b †PŠ‡LI †`wL bvB ej‡jB nq| Avgv‡`i Rvbgvj, wS-†eŠi Dci nvgjvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j Avgv‡`iI †Zv wbwðšÍ nBqv _vKb hvq bvÕ| BQy-bmyi gy‡L-†Pv‡LI †ek `yf©vebv NbvBqv DwV‡ZwQj : Ô†kL gywRe Zv nB‡j N‡i N‡i `yM© Mwoqv †Zvj‡bi K_v G‡Kev‡i †eû`v Kq bvB| †m Bmviv w`‡Q N‡i N‡i †gvLv‡jd †VKvBevi Rb¨ Zvi Avi Dcvq bvBÕ| (KvÂb MÖvg, 2000, c„ 303) wewPÎ PwiÎgvjvi wewPÎZi K‡_vcK_‡bi gva¨‡g GK wekvj Rbc‡`i nvRvi eQ‡ii DÌvb-cZb, KxwZ©-Kvwnwb ewY©Z n‡q‡Q cÖvq Qq‡kv c„ôvi wekvj GB Dcb¨v‡m| Ô†kl n‡qI nBj bv †k‡lÕi aŸwb AbyiwYZ nq KvÂbMÖvg Dcb¨v‡mi mgvwßi ci| Dcmsnvi Aa¨v‡qi ci cwi®‹vifv‡e ÔmgvßÕ K_vwU †jLv m‡Ë¡I Jcb¨vwmK Ry‡o w`‡q‡Qb ÔcwiwkóÕ, hv †Kej Dcb¨v‡mi cwiwkó n‡qB _v‡Kwb, n‡q D‡V‡Q Dcb¨vm wbg©v‡Yi D‡Ïk¨-we‡aqi wbh©vmevYx| KvÂbMÖv‡gi ÔcwiwkóÕ eqvb Ggb : eZ©gvb MÖš’ ÔKvÂbMÖvgÕ Ñ Dcb¨vm gvÎ; wKš‘ mgMÖ †`‡ki miKvwi I †emiKvwi wnmve Abyhvqx †`Lv hvq †h GB cÖwZ‡iva I gyw³hy‡× wbnZ‡`i msL¨v wÎk j‡ÿi KvQvKvwQ| al©‡Yi d‡j Mf©eZx gwnjv‡`i msL¨v Pwjøk nvRv‡ii †ewk Ges wkÿK, Wv³vi, AvBbRxex, wkíx, mvwnwZ¨K, mvsevw`K, Pjw”PÎKvi Ges cÖ‡KŠkjx‡`i nZ¨vi msL¨v cÖvq GK nvRvi| eû ZiæY GB hy‡× Zvnv‡`i Rxeb-†hŠeb m¤ú~Y© DrmM© Kwiqv‡Qb; AMYb AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v GLbI †`‡ki me©v½xY `ytL Aemv‡bi †gŠb cÖZxÿvq †`kevmxi g‡a¨B iwnqv‡Qb| mvaviYfv‡e GB †`‡ki gv_vwcQy Av‡qi cwigvY evwl©K AvovBkZ Wjvi nB‡jI BwZg‡a¨ wewfbœ iKg `yf©v‡M¨ ˆe‡`wkK F‡Yi cwigvY gv_vwcQy AvUkZ Wjvi cwigvYI

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QvovBqv wMqv‡Q; µgea©gvb RbmsL¨v Ges AviI eûwea `yM©wZ-`y`©kvi Pv‡c| GZ`&&m‡Ë¡I †`‡ki ¯^vaxb MYcÖRvZš¿x miKvi mKj `yie¯’v AwZµg Kwiqv Zvnv‡K myôzfv‡e Mwoqv Zzwjevi †Póv Kwi‡Z‡Qb| eû hyMen `ytL‡gvP‡bi msK‡í †`‡ki Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡bvej GLbI AUzU Ges cÖevmxivI Zvnv‡`i wbR †`k¯^cœ mv_©K Kwi‡Z `„pcÖwZÁ| (KvÂb MÖvg, 2000, c„ 584) gnvKve¨agx© GB Dcb¨vm cÖm‡½ †Kej ejv hvq, my`~i cÖev‡m emevmiZ mü`q-ms‡e`bkxj GK evOvwj Jcb¨vwmK Dcb¨v‡mi Av`‡j GKUv †MvUv Rbc` Ges †m-Rbc‡`i wekvj Rb‡Mvôxi `xN©Rxebaviv Z_v Rxeb-`k©‡bi g~j ZË¡ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| AZx‡Zi bvbv ¯§„wZ, Abyfe, Abyf‚wZi †hb GK mv_©K `~i-`k©K kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Gi Zzjbv weij, ejv hvq| Rbc` wbe©vPb, Kvwnwb eY©b Ges PwiÎ wbg©v‡Yi †KŠk‡j KvÂbMÖvg mgMÖ evOvwj RvwZi GK A‡gvN RxebMv_v n‡q D‡V‡Q; hv cvVKgv‡Îi mvg‡b Avkvi GK D¾¡j Av‡jvKewZ©Kv| Gi Kvwnwb eY©b Ges cvÎ-cvÎxi K‡_vcK_‡b GK we‡kl A‡ji fvlvi mv_©K e¨envi cvVK‡K mRvM K‡i †NvlYv K‡i Ôwd‡i Pj gvwUi Uv‡bÕi A‡gvN D”Pvi‡Yi Amxg mvnm| GhveZKv‡j kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi gyw`ªZ-cÖKvwkZ me©‡kl MÖš’ Cl`vfvm| Cl`vfvm Dcb¨vm bq, AvZ¥‰RewbK iPbv| GwU cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq 2016-i eB‡gjvq (†deªæqvwi)| Dcb¨v‡mi auv‡P iwPZ Cl`vfvm cv‡V cvVK mn‡RB kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg, Zuvi ˆK‡kviKvj, †m-mg‡qi cÖwZ‡ek, c~e©cyiæ‡li K_v, gvby‡li Rxebhvcb, Rxeb‡eva BZ¨vw`i ˆbKU¨ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib mn‡RB| iPbvi ïiæB cvVK‡K †m-c‡_ wb‡q hvq : Avwg hw`I `wÿYv‡ji †jvK, wKš‘ XvKvi m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq 1948-Gi †k‡l| ˆkke, ˆK‡kvi Ges cÖ_g †hŠeb †K‡U‡Q ewikv‡ji Kvg‡`ecyi MÖv‡g, kn‡i Ges KjKvZvq| AvšÍevmx ewikvj †_‡K KjKvZvi ivRavbx‡Z wKQyUv wkÿvMZ Kvi‡Y, wKš‘ cÖavbfv‡e ms¯‹…wZi AvMÖ‡n| †mB ms¯‹…wZ‡PZbvi m‡½ †KvbiKg ag©vÜZvi w`‡K Avgv‡`i †Kvb Drmvn wQj bv| (Cl`vfvm, 2016, c„ 9) †jL‡Ki GB Awfe¨w³i cwiPq cvIqv hvq MÖ‡š’i cvZvq cvZvq| Cl`vfvm †hb mgmvgwqK Kv‡ji mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK cwi‡ek-cwiw¯’wZi BwZnv‡miB| G‡Z BwZnvm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q mim Dcb¨v‡mi fw½‡Z, hv cvV‡Ki gb‡PZbvq mÂvwiZ nq AwZmn‡R| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjvg Rxe‡bi `xN©mgq KvwU‡q‡Qb cÖev‡m, BZvwji ivRavbx †ivg kn‡i| †mB wfb cwi‡e‡kI wZwb †``vi wj‡L‡Qb, wj‡L‡Qb Zuvi gvZ…fvlvq Ñ G‡Kev‡i wbR GjvKvi gvby‡li gy‡Li K_vq| RxweKvi cÖ‡qvR‡b wj‡L‡Qb Ab¨ fvlvqI, wbg©vY K‡i‡Qb Pjw”PÎ, Awfbq K‡i‡Qb †mB Pjw”P‡Î Ñ †hLv‡b wb‡Ri fvlv e¨env‡ii †Kv‡bv my‡hvMB _v‡K bv| wKš‘ Zuvi †kvwbZavivq GKvKvi Zuvi ¯^‡`k, Avi †`‡ki wbinsKvi Avi AjsKvinxb Avcb gvbyl¸‡jv| ZvB Zuvi `xN© K_vmvwnZ¨avivi meUvB Ry‡o Av‡Q evsjv‡`k, we‡kl K‡i `wÿYevsjvi ewikvj A‡ji gvby‡li Rxeb-ms¯‹…wZ Avi nvRv‡iv cÖvK…wZK iƒc‰ewPΨ| evOvwji cÖengvb Rxe‡bi †kKo Quy‡q hvq Zuvi wekvj m„wóm¤¢vi| kvgmy`&`xb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi GB †eva-e¨vcKZv `xN©w`‡bi mvabvi dmj, hvi m‡½ Zzjbv †Kej Ô†ivg GKw`‡b M‡o I‡VwbÕ AvßevK¨wUi| r

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GB †b e‡j gnv‡`‡ei mv`v is Kiv Mv‡j VvwU‡q GKUv Po gvij †m Ñ gnv‡`e c‡o †h‡Z-†h‡ZI evNQv‡ji Bjvw÷‡Ki †fZi nvZ Mwj‡q nvdc¨v‡›Ui c‡KU †_‡K Am¤¢e `ªæZZvq euvwkUv †ei K‡i dzu w`j| Dj‡Uvw`K †_‡K Gevi cywjkwU gv‡b dvêybx gRyg`vi GmAvB Qy‡U G‡m UzwcAjv‡K Rvc‡U a‡i wbj... †cUªj cv‡¤ú Avovj †bIqv wRc †_‡KI mv`v †cvkv‡K KRb...

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Kx †Mv †duvciv †fjy... Pj mKvj‡ejv GKUz †Ljy ev †Kjy n‡q hvK| Ñ dvêybx gRyg`vi ej‡jb| gnv‡`e Mv‡j nvZ ey‡jv‡Z-ey‡jv‡Z ejj, †Ljy †Zv nw”QjB... †duvciv `uvZ N‡l gnv‡`‡ei w`‡K ZvwK‡q ejj, Ñ kvjv wUKwUwK| Ñ †duvciv †fjyi Rvgvi Kjvi a‡i †U‡b †mvRv K‡i `uvo Kwi‡q dvêybx gRyg`vi ejj Ñ Lye Mv‡qi †Rvi ZvB †Zv! gnv‡`‡ei Mv‡q nvZ Zzj‡j! gnv‡`‡ei QÙ‡ek †bIqv wbZvB ev evev gy¯vÍ dvcvov _vbvi †mvm© wQbZvB †Nvl nvwm‡Z gyL fwi‡q ejj, Avgvi Ggb wKQyB jv‡Mwb dvêybx `v`v... wØZxq my‡hv‡MB I‡K QvZv‡cUv Kie| Ñ nu¨v †i wbZvB, QvZvi Ic‡i Avi IVv hv‡”Q bv ZvB †Zv! †iW KvW© †`Lv‡j wU‡gi Ab¨ †L‡jvqvoiv †hgb `uvwo‡q c‡o, kvw¯Í Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ †idvwi‡K Aby‡iva K‡i, Pvc m„wó K‡i, w`kvix ms‡Ni m¤úv`KI dvêybx‡K †miKg Aby‡iva Kij †duvciv †fjyi Rb¨| dvêybx gRyg`viI Abo, †m ejj... Avcbv‡KI Zz‡j wb‡q hve wKš‘, cy‡Rvi ZLb `dvidv n‡q hv‡e| fv‡jvq fv‡jvq Avcbv‡`i mfvcwZi †dvb bv¤^viUv †fvjvbv_‡K w`‡q w`b| Ggb wKQy Ki‡eb bv hv‡Z cy‡Rv eÜ K‡i w`‡Z nq| †fvjvbv‡_iI fvebvi welq †Zv A‡bK| †dvb bv¤^viUv, g‡b ivL‡eb wVK bv n‡j, †dK n‡j †fvjvbv_ wKš‘ Avevi Avm‡eb| Avi Avgv‡KI ZLb Ab¨ wKQy fve‡Z n‡e| mwPe ejj, Avwg GLywb wj‡L w`w”Q| m¨vi ejwQjvg wK †duvciv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Ri †Q‡j... GKUz †`L‡eb... Ñ †m †Zv †`LvB hv‡”Q...

Kx †fvjvbv_! dvêybx nvm‡Qb, Avcbv‡K †Zv ˆKjv‡m wd‡i †evW© wgwUs WvK‡Z n‡e... eªþv `v`yi Iwcwbqb, Gb I wm jvM‡e ZvB †Zv! †`Lyb cve©Zx‡K Qvo‡eb wKbv! †duvciv‡K f¨v‡b Zz‡j wbZvB‡qi w`‡K wd‡i †PvL wUc‡jb Gevi| wK‡i Mvj R¡j‡Q †Zv! PoUv fv‡jvB †L‡qwQm wbZvB| evU AvB gv÷ †m I‡qjWvb| ZzB †h Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í Acwinvh© n‡q DVwQm wbZvB| ïay ZzB QvZv PzwiUv †Q‡o †`... wbZvB nvm‡Z-nvm‡Z ejj, GZ eo-eo Pzwi †`LQ dvêybx`v...

QvZv PzwiUv †Zv †Kv‡bv PzwiB bv... dzj Pzwii gZb... `yB ivZ mv‡o 10Uv ev‡R| gnvweòz wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, GB †Zviv †K-†K AvwQm? ˆZRm wms G‡m `uvovj, wR m¨vi| †Zvi g¨vWvg KB? Dwb †Zv †`o NÈv Av‡M †ewi‡q‡Qb... Avcbviv wd‡i Avmvi ciciB| Ñ ˆZRm ejj| Zzwg hvIwb †Kb? gnvweòzi Mjvq ¯úó †ÿvf| `ywðšÍv| Mvwo wb‡q †M‡Q... ? Ñ nu¨v m¨vi, Avwg KZ ejjvg g¨vWvg Avwg hvB...

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38

AvRKvj K¬v‡m gv‡S-gv‡SB cov‡bv _vwg‡q Zv‡K †bvUm †`L‡Z n‡”Q... GKUv weo¤^bv †Zv e‡UB... gv‡S-gv‡SB, GUv Aek¨ GK`g nv‡ji, K¬v‡m e³…Zv _vwg‡q w`‡Z n‡”Q nVvr-nVvr| †Kbbv †mB gyn‡~ Z©i Rb¨ e¨env‡ii Dchy³ kãwU, h_v_© kãwU wZwb ZLb nvZ‡o †eov‡”Qb... Ly‡u R cv‡”Qb bv... †QvU-†QvU wefv‡M mgwó Av‡jvPbvq ev weZ‡K© GKUv cÖm½ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q †LB nvwi‡q hv‡”Q bvwK Zvi, nq‡Zv cÖm½všÍ‡i GwM‡q Av‡Mi RvqMvq cyi‡bv wel‡q Kb‡U·‡U wdi‡Z cvi‡Qb bv Ges KL‡bv-KL‡bv Kx wb‡q ejv ïiæ K‡iwQ‡jb †mUvB fz‡j hv‡”Qb... QvÎQvÎx‡`i wR‡Ám Ki‡Z n‡”Q Kx †hb ejwQjvg| GL‡bv K¬v‡m nvwmi †XD I‡Vwb e‡U, wKš‘ KZw`b... gnvj²xi fq, Gici †Zv †Q‡j‡g‡qiv †eªK †dj ej‡e...| Gme Kvi‡YB †mB w`b Bbw÷wUDU Ae KvjPv‡ii †mwgbv‡i AvZ‡¼, gnvj²x wjwLZ e³e¨ cvV Ki‡jb| gnvweòz Gici cvIqvi c‡q›U †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb... gwZ me K‡i †`‡e, w`‡Z cv‡i... wKš‘ gwZ‡K g¨vWvg cQ›` K‡ib bv| gnvweòz ˆZRm‡K Ab¨ MvwoUv †ei Ki‡Z e‡j wb‡R cÖ¯Z ‘ nw”Q‡jb| gnvj²x‡K LyR u ‡Z †e‡iv‡eb w¯’i K‡i m¤¢ve¨ me RvqMvq †dvb K‡i‡Qb| d‡ibwmK we‡klÁ gnvj²xi eÜz MqP›`ª we`¨v_x©i Kv‡Q Rvb‡jb gnvj²x †j›Uzi e¨vcv‡i wek‡` K_v e‡j‡Qb, bvbv Z_¨ w`‡q‡Qb, †mvbvjx‡K wb‡q hv‡eb e‡j‡Qb, wKš‘ AvR hvbwb... G-mg‡qB †dvbUv evRj... GK UªvwdK mv‡R©‡›Ui Mjv, evBcv‡mi g‡n›`ªbMi AvBj¨v‡Ûi Kv‡Q gnvj²x c_ fz‡j P‡j †M‡Qb... UªvwdK mv‡R©›U ej‡jb, Dwb g‡n›`ªbMi AvBj¨vÛ wmMb¨vj c‡q‡›Ui Kv‡Q Av‡Qb... fzj K‡i Ab¨ †j‡b P‡j G‡mwQ‡jb... GK`g AmsjMœ KbwdDmW&| Ñ †dvb Wvqvj Ki‡ZI cviwQ‡jb bv... evwoi †dv‡bi bv¤^viUvI gv‡b Avcbvi bv¤^viUv Z…Zxq †Póvq wVK e‡j‡Qb... cÖ_gevi wZb‡U bv¤^vi fzj wQj, wØZxqevi `y‡Uv... m¨vi Avgv‡`i mgq †Zv Kg, Lye wewR wmMb¨vj c‡q›U, m¨vi Ibv‡K Avi GKv Qvo‡eb bv, m¨vi wec` n‡q hv‡e... mv‡R©›UwUi Mjvq ¯úó ggZv... gnvweòz ej‡jb, _¨vsK BD eªv`vi| Avwg GLywb hvw”Q| wmuwo w`‡q bvg‡Z-bvg‡Z fvewQ‡jb I AZ`~‡i P‡j †Mj Kx K‡i! †MwUs j÷| G.wW gv‡b A¨vjSvBgvi n‡”Q bv †Zv! d¨vwgwj wnw÷ª †Zv Av‡Q!! eo k¨vjK cuqlwÆ eQi eq‡mB w`K&åvšÍ D`&åvšÍ n‡q nvwi‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb A‡bK eQi, A‡bK eQi Av‡Mi GK Aógx‡Z MwoqvnvU †_‡K Avi wd‡i Av‡mbwb... nVvr Pg‡K DV‡jb gnvweòz, GB †Zv Kw`b Av‡M mKvj‡ejv †Uwe‡j Pv w`‡Z wM‡q gnvweòz‡K `v`vi bv‡g †W‡KwQj gnvj²x...

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wZb

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Av‡¯Í Avjvc Rwg‡q †d‡j| bvbviKg †LuvRLei †bq| wVKVvK LvIqv-`vIqv K‡i wKbv, G-Mi‡g Mvwo‡Z Rj iv‡L wKbv! G-†Q‡jwUi bvg eiæY| Wvbj‡ci w`‡K _v‡K GLb| `yB †Q‡j Ñ Av‡ÿc K‡i ejj, m¨vi hvi †`Lvi †mB hw` wVKVvK kvmb bv K‡i, Avwg †Zv Mvwo wb‡q Ny‡i †eovB... †Q‡j`y‡Uv cojB bv| GKUv K¬vm wm·... GKUv K¬vm †m‡fb| Zvici †Ljv †kl| GLb Zviv i‡Oi wgw¯¿! g„`½ GKUz mvnm K‡i e‡jwQj, Avcbvi covï‡bv?

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Av‡i †Zvgvi K_v ej... Ñ ejv †bB, KIqv †bB evevi Askx`vi eÜzi †Q‡j nVvr GKw`b wÿß n‡q evevi †c‡U Qywi ewm‡q w`j, Avgvi ZLb cuvP eQi... Ñ Igv †m-Kx... †Kb! Ñ †m †Zv Rvwb bv, ZLb Avwg †QvU †Zv... evevi eÜz †mB cvU©bvi _vbvcywjk _vK| nvmcvZv‡ji LiP me Avwg †`e e‡j †mB †Q‡jUv‡K †Kv_vI cvwV‡q w`j... Avi evev KjKvZvi nvmcvZv‡j eûw`b †_‡K evwo wdij e‡U... wd‡i †`Lj wewoi KviLvbv cÖvq jyU n‡q †M‡Q... Av‡iv Amy¯’ n‡q †Mj evev| ivM K‡i wb‡Ri Ask Ab¨ Avi GKRb‡K †e‡P w`j| Zvici bZzb Askx`v‡ii m‡½ gvivgvwi‡Z... KviLvbvUvB D‡V †Mj...| Ñ evev Av‡Qb... ? Ñ bv bv, eû eQi MZ n‡q‡Qb| Ñ Iw`‡K GLb Avi †KD †bB? gv? Ñ gv Av‡Qb w`w`‡K wb‡q| Zvi we‡qUvI †U‡Kwb| we‡q n‡qwQj GK nvivgRv`vi m‡½... Ñ gv-i m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z hvb? Ñ bv, eûw`b hvIqv nqwb| G-K_v wR‡Ám Ki‡jb †Kb? Ñ GgbB, Avm‡j gv-I †Zv wbðqB †Q‡j †Q‡j K‡ib, ZviI †Zv †`L‡Z B‡”Q K‡i... Ñ wVKB e‡j‡Qb| Zv †Zv K‡i| Ñ Z‡e? Ñ Avm‡j Mvwo †Zv Avgvi bq| Avwg PvjvB| hLb QywU cvB, †h‡Z cvwi ZLb, nq‡Zv Kv‡Q UvKv _v‡K bv Ñ gv‡qi Rb¨ AšÍZ wKQy †Zv... Avi hLb UvKv _v‡K ZLb QywU †g‡j bv Ñ AvcwbI †Zv Iw`KUv fvjB †P‡bb... behyM wewo ej‡jb| g„`½ nv‡m| gøvb nv‡m| A‡kvKbMi wK ïay behyM wewo w`‡q †Pbvi! KZ wK Av‡Q A‡kvKbM‡i! ¯§„wZi kni Avgvi| w`MšÍ we¯ÍZ … meyR gvV, eo wSj... wØZxq wek¦h‡y ×i mgqKvi hy×wegvb †cvZ... †`Šoc_... gb DPvUb... nvivgwb nvivgwb K‡i †m †`Šo c‡_ g„`½I KZw`b g‡b g‡b †`Š‡o Av‡m|

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†mw`b A¨vUwb© gnvweòz weòz gnvk‡qi Rb¥w`‡bi cvwU© wQj| N‡ivqv| GKUz †`wi K‡i †d‡jwQj g„`½| †cuŠ‡Q †`Lj †mLv‡b welv‡`i QvqvNb cwi‡ek| A¨vUwb© gnvweòz, A¨vW‡fv‡KU ivqeg©Y, e¨vbvwR©iv Aw¯’i c`PviYv Ki‡Qb, †dvb Ki‡Qb| g¨vWvg gnvj²x weòzi †Pv‡L-gy‡L wejÿY S‡oi c~ev© fvm| †Kbbv, G-Abyôv‡bi Ab¨Zg Av‡qvRK, e¨e¯’vcK Ges DÏxcK †j›Uz mvi‡Lj‡K bvwK GKUz Av‡M Kviv eªWw÷ªU I e‡Ûj †iv‡Wi KvUvKzwUi Kv‡Q cv‡K©i cv‡k g„Z c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡L‡Q| weaŸ¯Í †m-I wM‡q `uvwo‡qwQj| †mLv‡b cywj‡k-cywj‡k mqjve| Mvwoi wfo| UªvwdK R¨vg| `ycv‡ii wZb‡U iv¯Ív w`‡q `yg‡y Lv Mvwo P‡j, eo iv¯Ív w`‡qI ZvB| hvbevnb Nywi‡q w`‡jI GKUv wew”Qwi Ae¯’v, AvR †Zv GZÿ‡Y †evanq me e¨e‡”Q` ïiæ n‡q †kl n‡Z Pjj| m‡Üi mgq †gwWK¨vj K‡jR †h‡Z n‡e GKevi| g„`½ g‡b-g‡b ejj, GZ Pvc wb‡Z cviwQ bv eÜz| G-RxebhvÎv eo ÿqcÖ`| wb‡R‡K euvPv‡Z cvi‡j bv eÜz| KZw`b GKm‡½ Avgiv Kz‡gviUzwj‡Z, †gwWK¨vj K¨v‡¤ú...

Avbgbv g„`½ nVvr mvg‡b ZvwK‡q ejj, eiæY fvB Gevi mvg‡b Wvbw`‡K wgé ey_Uv Qvwo‡q Avgvq bvwg‡q w`b| A‡kvKbM‡i gv... Wvbj‡c _vKv... M¨v‡iR? Gw`K w`‡qB †Zv hvZvqvZ Kwi, †`Lv n‡q hv‡e Avevi| eiæY ejj, evey Avgvi †dvb bv¤^viUv †i‡L w`b, cÖ‡qvR‡b †dvb Ki‡j hw` wd« _vwK... bvgUv fzj‡eb bv eiæY wgw¯¿... G¯‹ A‡kvKbMi...

G¯‹ bq, GK&m... eiæYfvB| wbb UvKvUv aiæb... Av‡i wVK Av‡Q †diZ w`‡Z n‡e bv... Ñ _¨vsK BD m¨vi| c‡i †hw`b †`Lv n‡e... †mw`b †hb ïwb gv‡qi m‡½ †`Lv K‡i G‡m‡Qb... ivBU m¨vi, wmIi m¨vi| Pvi PvBwbR c¨vwfwjq‡bi GKcv‡k Av‡jvQvqvq dvêybx gRyg`vi `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| e‡Ûj †iv‡W Mvwo¸‡jv eo iv¯Ív †_‡K euvw`‡K euvK wb‡”Q| GKUv †Q‡j QyU‡Z QyU‡Z Gw`‡K Gj, m¨vi Avcwb GLv‡b `uvwo‡q! dvêybx gRyg`vi wPb‡jb †Q‡jUv‡K| e‡Ûj †iv‡Wi Iw`KUvq eqvj †ivc A¨v‡mgweøi gv‡b ivRKxq i¾y mgv‡ek †`vKvbN‡ii †mB Kg©Pvix| KzwoI †c‡ivqwb| †Q‡jwU BZ¯ÍZ KiwQj †`‡L dvêybx ej‡jb, Zzwg wK wKQy ej‡e? Ñ nu¨v m¨vi, GKUv K_v ej‡Z G‡mwQjvg| Avcbv‡K avevi Iw`K †_‡K †`L‡Z †c‡q Qy‡U Gjvg| Kvj †_‡K Avgvi PvKwi bU n‡q †M‡Q| Avcbviv m¨vi ZLb Av‡iv †fZ‡i XzK‡jb bv †Kb? m¨vi, GUv Avwg w`‡Z G‡mwQ... Avcbv‡K... Ñ Kx... †`Lyb hw` Kv‡R jv‡M| dvêybx †`L‡jb WvqvjfvOv GKUv Nwo... GKw`‡Ki e¨vÛ †Quov, NwoUv wKš‘ Pj‡Q... wVK mgq †`Lv‡”Q| Ñ †Kv_vq †c‡j? Ñ Awd‡mi †cQb w`‡K GKUv Ni Av‡Q| `iRvUv †`LwQ ciï †_‡K GKUv Avjgvwi †U‡b Avovj Kiv| iv‡Z _vK‡Z n‡j IB N‡i Ny‡gvZvg| MRy`v`y †cQ‡bi N‡i Avi hvm-Uvm bv, IN‡i Avi RvqMv †bB ejv‡Z Avgvi LUKv jv‡M, m‡›`n nq| MRy`v`y P‡j †M‡j †`vKvb eÜ Kivi Av‡M ZvB IB N‡i Xz‡KwQjvg| †Kgb GKUv f¨vcmv cPv MÜ| G-NwoUv †cjvg| A‡bK¸‡jv _v‡g©vK‡ji _vjv-Møvm... bv †kl nIqv Lvevi †cUUv ¸wj‡q DVj, GKevi IB NiUvq hv‡eb?

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Ñ PvweUv `vI Z‡e! Ñ Pvwe †Zv AvR †`qwb... Kvj †_‡K `yw`b Avm‡Z bv K‡i‡Q| Zvici Rvbv‡e Avgvi PvKwiUv mwZ¨mwZ¨ bU n‡jv wK bv? Ñ †Kv_vq _v‡Kv Zzwg? Ñ cvUzwj! Ñ †j›Uz mvi‡Lj‡K †P‡bv? Ñ †Kgb †`L‡Z wQj ejyb †Zv! †ivMv-j¤^v †QvU GKUz †Muvd wQj? Ñ nu¨v| Ñ IB gyrmywÏi `‡j wQj? Ñ nu¨v| Ñ nu¨v m¨vi wPbZvg| Avgvi evev-gv †bB m¨vi| Avgv‡K GB †`vKv‡b wZwbB XzwK‡qwQ‡jb| wb‡Ri Kv‡Q cqmv _vK‡j Avgv‡K †L‡ZI w`‡Zb| wKš‘ Avgv‡K ej‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q Avwg wPwb bv| wKš‘ Avwg wPwb wPwb wPwb| Kvj †_‡K MRy`v`y‡K wPwb bv, wPbe bv...

Av”Qv Gi Av‡M †Zvgv‡K †Kv‡bvw`b †`vKv‡b Avm‡Z eviY K‡iwQj? Ñ nu¨v fz‡j †MwQ... †hw`b †j›Uzevey‡K iv¯Ívq c‡o _vK‡Z †`Lv hvq... †mw`b Avgvq QywU w`‡qwQj| Av‡Mi w`bI we‡K‡ji Av‡MB Avgvi QywU n‡q †M‡Q| Ñ †e-G-k| †Zvgvi gvwjK, †Zvgvi MRy`v`y M‡R›`ª ¸QvBZ‡KI Avgiv ¸wQ‡qB †`e... mIe †Kgb! GLb IB `¨vL IB †h cv‡K©i w`K †_‡K wnR‡o w`w` Gw`‡K Avm‡Q, I‡K wM‡q ej Avwg GLv‡b `uvwo‡q AvwQ... Zzwg cv‡K©i KvQUvq wgwói †`vKv‡bi Dj‡Uvw`‡K `uvwo‡q _v‡Kv... Avgiv †Zvgv‡K evwo w`qvm‡ev... nu¨v, mwZ¨ K‡i ej †Zv, cvUzwj‡Z †j›Uz †Kv_vq _vKZ Zzwg Rv‡bv? †PvL`y‡Uv PKPK K‡i DVj †Q‡jwUi, `y‡duvUv RjI Movj...

GKw`b aygR¡i DVj Avgvi †`vKv‡b KvR Ki‡Z Ki‡ZB Ñ †j›Uz`v Zz‡j wb‡q †Mj cvUzwj‡Z Ñ Ilya w`j... GLb Aek¨ †mB cvUzwj‡ZB _vwK| PvjvNi| e„wó n‡j Rj c‡o| Avi `v`vi †g‡mi NiUv Zvjve× Av‡Q| `iKvi n‡j ILv‡b wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e?

Lye cvie| Avgvi g¼z bvgUvI hÏ~i g‡b c‡o `v`viB †`Iqv, Avgv‡M Av‡M mevB bv _vK... wVK Av‡Q GLb m‡i hvI, mveav‡b †_‡Kv| NwoUv `vI... gnv‡`e `v`v wgwói †`vKv‡bi Avkcv‡kB Av‡Q... I‡K wM‡q Avgvi K_v ej... Avi gnv‡`‡ei KvQvKvwQ _vK‡e...

GB e„nbœjvwUi bvg g›`vwKbx| GLb g›`vwKbxi †cQb †cQb gnv‡`eiƒcx wbZvB Ii‡d wQbZvB †Nvl whwb nv‡j dvêybx `v-†`i _vbvi †mvm©| hvÎvcvjv Mv‡bI GKmgq wQj| QvZv PzwiUv Ii †¯úkvwjwU... dvêybx gRyg`vi Av‡o †`‡L wb‡jb g¼zUv gnv‡`‡ei †cQ‡bB Av‡Q wKbv| Av‡Q| g›`vwKbx dvêybxi mvg‡b G‡m `uvwo‡q GKMvj †n‡m †nu‡o Mjvq ejj, GB Awdmvievey GB cvwZ evNQvjUv‡K Avgvi †cQ‡b †dD jvwM‡q‡Qb †Kb? Ñ Zzwg †Zv g›`vwKbx... GKUz cve©Zx mvR‡Z cvi‡e? e„nbœjv `y‡j`y‡j nv‡m, IBUzKz gnv‡`‡ei cve©Zx n‡ev gvbv‡e bv †Zv! Ñ gvbv‡e, gvbv‡e| Lye gvbv‡e| aiB bv MuvRv-fvs †L‡q gnv‡`e bvUv n‡q †M‡Q... †Zvgv‡`i †VK †_‡K †h KvDwÝji DrLvZ K‡i w`‡Z PvBwQj bZzb evwo Zzj‡e e‡j| g‡b Av‡Q? Ñ Lye g‡b Av‡Q, evey g‡b Av‡Q, nv‡o nv‡o g‡b Av‡Q| Ñ ZLb †K †Zvgv‡`i cv‡k `uvwo‡qwQj?

Ñ Avcwb Avi gyKjz evey| Ñ Z‡e! Ñ Kx Ki‡Z n‡e SUcU ejyb| Ñ cve©Zx n‡Z n‡e| †Zvgv‡K Kvj mKv‡j ev AvRB GKUz c‡i, gnv‡`e wbZvB-B †Zvgv‡K mvwR‡q †`‡e| g›`vwKbx nvmj Avevi| `y‡j DVj| giY Avgvi!! †Nvi Kwj †Mv evey| nvZUvb QvZv †Pvi wbZvB GLb gnv‡`e| wnR‡o mvR‡e cve©Zx, wnt wnt| Ñ bv, GLywb †Zvgv‡K †dvb Ki‡Z n‡e †mB †jvKUv‡K| GLb Zzwg Avgv‡`i †mvbvwj... my›`i Mjvq M`M` X‡O K_v ej‡e †jvKUvi m‡½... Ñ †nt †nt evey †Qbvwj Ki‡Z n‡e †Zv? Ñ bvI bv¤^viUv bvI| Ñ bv¤^vi Avgvi Av‡Q... û GUvB cv°v bv¤^vi, `ybv¤^vwii| Ñ GL‡bv †hvMv‡hvM Av‡Q? Ñ wbj©¾ †jvK †Zv GKUv| Avgv‡`iI bvP †`Lv‡Z Wv‡K †Zv gv‡S gv‡S... Ñ †K e‡jv †Zv? e‡Ûj †iv‡Wi duvwoi w`‡Ki gyLUvi Av‡jvQvqvq e„nbœjv Av‡iv GKevi †Kvgi `ywj‡q ejjÑ Av‡i gyZz evey †Zv gyK›z ` gyrmywÏ Ñ Rvwb evev Rvwb| †Zvgiv KvZjvUv‡K GKUz †Lwj‡q Zzj‡e e‡j fuvR w`”Q †Zv evey| evey IUvB †Zv †mw`b... Ñ ev‡R K_v †i‡L †dvbUv Ki| Ñ Kx ej‡ev †Mv evey e„nbœjv Gevi wR‡Ám K‡i| Ñ e‡j w`jvg †Zv... fvj jvM‡Q bv... Zzwg †mvbvwj I‡K †Uvc w`‡”Qv... K‡e I GKv _vK‡e... Iqv_©‡jm... dvêybx KcU ivM †`Lvb| eywSwQ †Mv evey eywSwQ... GBevi `¨vL e¨vUv‡K †Kgb ïB‡q †`B... Avwg g›`vwKbx gv‡b Rv‡bv evey... ¯^MM© ½v... †mB M½vq nuvUzR‡j Wzwe‡q gviwQ `¨vL...

GKUz QÙ Avovj wb‡q ey‡Ki †fZi †_‡K g›`vwKbx †dvbUv †ei K‡i bv¤^vi wUc‡Z wUc‡Z wdmwdm K‡i e‡j X¨vgbv eveyi evmiN‡ii bv¤^vi| †civB‡fU... G bv¤^vi cywjkeveyiI †bB... Ñ nu¨v †jv-I-I-I-I Ñ nu¨v †K? Ñ †K-†Mv-I-I Zzwg gyrmywÏ evey †Zv Avgv‡`i... Ñ n¨v‡jv †K? Ñ †kv‡bv bv‡Mv PUcU †kv‡bv (†hb Kv‡bi Kv‡Q wdmwdm Ki‡Q g›`vwKbx) gyLïw× Ki‡e bvwK? Ñ †K ej‡Z ejwQ †Zv †K ejQ? ivav, bv k¨vgv? kixiUv Lvivc| Ñ †m-kixi †Zv †Zvgvi eive‡ii Lvivc... Avwg bv n‡j Pj‡e †Zv? †Zvgvi weKj kixi Avwg Kj jvwM‡q wVK K‡i †`e| nvwmI cvw”Qj dvêybx gRyg`v‡ii... cv‡Q nvwmi kã bv Iw`‡K †f‡m hvq wb‡Ri gyL wb‡R †P‡c GKUz `~‡i m‡i †Mj| g›`vwKbxI Zv‡K åƒfw½‡Z kvmb Kij †hb| Ñ GB †K ej‡Z e‡jwQ †Zv ej bv Avgvq... kixi-gb fvjI †bB... GKUv KvR K‡i †d‡jwQ... meŸvB †d‡j GLb mU‡K hv‡”Q... `‡ji ¯^v‡_©B †Zv K‡iwQ... Ñ Kx K‡i‡Qv †Mv Zzwg, Lvivc wKQy Zzwg Ki‡ZB cvi bv... †g‡q‡`i IB GKUv e¨vcv‡i AvU‡K †`Iqv Qvov... †m †Zv cyiæ‡liB ag©| Avwg †Zvgvq †d‡j hve bv‡Mv, Avwg †Zvgvq †d‡j... GL‡bv ivav, k¨vgvq c‡o Av‡Qv? cvwj‡q‡Q, Iiv cvwj‡q‡Q| Ñ wcøR e‡jv bv †Mv, †K Zzwg! Ñ †mvbvwj †Mv, †mvbvwj|

Iw`‡K Gevi Pvcv Awfgvb Ges mZK©Zv, †Kvb †mvbvwj? Ñ ayi| †mvbvwj Avevi KUv! hZUzKz `i` Mjvq Xvjv m¤¢e ZZUvB †X‡j g›`vwKbx ejj Ñ †h-†mvbvwj‡K Avcwb wPb‡Zb m¨vi †mB †mvbvwjB| Ñ †j›Uz mvi‡L‡ji... g›`vwKbx MjvUv‡K Av‡iv Av`ª© K‡i †hb Kvbœv‡fRv Mjvq e‡j Ôfzj n‡qwQj... Ime †Zv Pz‡Key‡K †M‡Q GLb... Z‡e nu¨v myweavUv GB... †j›Uz †Zv Avi †bB| cvi n‡q‡Qb h‡gi `yqvi, ejyb bv m¨vi, †K Av‡Q Avi... eB‡Z Avgvi ü`q fvi!

GB GB G-MjvUv mwZ¨ †mvbvwji! wek¦vm n‡”Q bv| Kz‡njx bv ¯^c?œ wPgwU †K‡U †`Le... GB †`Ljvg mwZ¨ †mvbvwj!

Avgvi bv GLbB j¾v Ki‡Q a¨vr Ñ †mw`b avevi Dj‡Uvw`‡Ki Ô¸YgvbÕ-G †j›Uzi mvg‡bB Ggb d¨vjd¨vj K‡i ZvKvw”Q‡j... Kx †`LwQ‡j †Mv? dvêybx Avðh© n‡q fv‡e, wbZvB e¨vUv †Zv fvjB ÔweªdÕ K‡i‡Q g›`vwKbx‡K| Ñ Kx †`LwQjvg... †Zvgv‡K †`‡L fvewQjvg wKQy g‡b †Kv‡iv bv... Ñ Kx Avevi fvewQ‡j... cviI e‡U †`L‡Z-†`L‡Z fv‡evI... Ñ evb‡ii Mjvq gy‡³vi gvjv... Pvj-Pz‡jvnxb GKUv AcM‡Ði nv‡Z cojv Zzwg... Ñ hvK †m-evbi †Zv †kl! GB Rvb mwZ¨ ejwQ †Zvgv‡K †`‡L †mw`bB Avwg KZ Kx †f‡ewQjvg Ñ A¨v g¨vbwj g¨vb...

DB`vDU Gwb.... Ñ QvB! ¸Ygv‡b Zzwg e‡jwQ e‡j KZ wKQy †kvbv‡j! I¸‡jv wK Z‡e wg‡_¨? Ñ wg‡_¨ †Mv me wg‡_¨... Ime ej‡Z nq †j›Uz m‡½ wQj bv... mgq e„_v bó n‡”Q... KLb hve ej hw` Amyweav _v‡K †Zvgvi _vK... Ñ bv bv, †Kv‡bv AmyweavB bvB, GLywb P‡j Gm bv Zzwg, RvqMvUv †Zv Zzwg †P‡bv bv ï‡b bvI... f‡qm †iKW©vi Ab KivB wQj... Gevi jvDW w¯úKvi Ab nj Ñ wVKvbvUv dvêybxI ï‡b wbj... g›`vwKbx KLb hv‡e ej‡e... Bkvivq dvêybxi w`‡K ZvKvj... g›`vwKbx ejj, †kv‡bv bv †Mv, GLywb n‡e bv... `yNÈvi g‡a¨ AvmwQ me w`K mvg‡j †Zv Avme...

Icv‡ii Mjv Gevi M`M` Ñ wcøR G‡mv, Lye Pv‡c AvwQ... †dvbUv hw` `yw`b Av‡M Ki‡Z GZ KvÐ Z‡e Avi... Ñ NUZ bv? Ñ ZvB †Zv Ñ I‡qU KiwQ... I gvB MW! Zzwg †Zv Avevi cywjk... cywjk-Uzwjk wb‡q G‡mv bv wKš‘, myweav n‡e bv... Ñ ayËwi PvKwiUv Avwg †Q‡o w`‡qwQ... Ñ †e-G-k| Avgvi Lye fq Ki‡Q... Zzwg ZvovZvwo G‡mv... †j›Uzi f‚Z hw` †k‡l... Ñ Ime Zzwg GK`g †f‡ev bv †Mv| AvwgB GLb †Zv †Zvgvi `‡j... Ñ ejQ, †Zvgvi K_v Avwg wek¦vm KiwQ... †mvbvwj wg‡_¨ ej‡e bv... wcøR| cuvP †j›Uz mvi‡Lj nZ¨v wb‡q ˆ`wbK KvMR¸‡jv A‡bK K_v wjL‡Q| †mw`b `yc‡y i bvwK cÖvq we‡K‡j Kviv GKUv †gvUimvB‡K‡ji †cQ‡b †j›Uz mvi‡Lj‡K †`‡LwQj Ñ Lye w¯ú‡W e‡Ûj †ivW w`‡q AvmwQj duvwoi w`‡K Ñ †j›Uzi gv_v bvwK GKw`‡K KvZ n‡q †n‡j †MwQj... †K bvwK, †Pbv †KD bvwK †gvUimvB‡K‡ji †cQ‡b †`Šo‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQj| Pvj‡Ki gyL bvwK Kv‡jv Kvc‡o XvKv wQj... gv_vq

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†nj‡gUI _vKvq...GK cÖZ¨ÿ`kx© KvM‡Ri Awdm‡K bvwK e‡j‡Q, †j›Uz mvi‡L‡ji gyLUv bvwK ¯^vfvweK wQj bv, †dvjv †Kgb †hb... g„ZcÖvq... Zvici †Zv †`nUv †`Lv †Mj c‡o Av‡Q| †gwWK¨vj K‡j‡Ri d‡ibwmK wefv‡Mi mvg‡b w_Kw_K Ki‡Q wfo| we‡klÁ RqP›`ª we`¨v_x©, Aa¨vcK we`¨v_x© Kx e‡jb! g„Z‡`n †diZ †c‡Z-†c‡Z bvwK Av‡iv ivZ n‡e| RqP›`ª bvwK ej‡eb, GUv nZ¨vB| g„Z¨z n‡q‡Q †`n c‡o _vK‡Z †`L‡Z cvIqvi AšÍZ Kg K‡iI AvVv‡iv NÈv Av‡M, Lyb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ab¨Î| †j›Uz gviv hvIqvi c‡iI kix‡i A‡bK iKg AvNv‡Zi wPý ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q Ñ e¨vcviUv‡K ¸wj‡q †`Iqvi Rb¨| AK_¨ wbh©vZb Kiv n‡q‡Q †j›Uz‡K g„Z¨z i Av‡M| kix‡ii †fZ‡ii A‡bK `iKvwi hš¿, MÖwš’ wew”Qwifv‡e RLg Kiv n‡q‡Q| hK…Z, cøxnv, Aš¿| g„Z¨z wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ ey‡Ki euvw`‡K ürwcÐ eivei Pig Av‡µv‡k QuPy ‡jv †jvnvi wKQy XzwK‡q †`Iqv nq| hv ürwc‡Ði euvw`‡Ki †fw›UªK‡j GKwU GK †mw›UwgUvi e¨v‡mi ÿZ m„wó K‡i Ges cÖPÐ i³ÿi‡Yi KviY n‡q †mwUB g„Z¨z NwU‡q‡Q Ñ Zvici g„Z‡`nwU‡K m¤¢eZ †Kv‡bv `ªæZMwZi hvb †_‡K †d‡j †`Iqv n‡Z cv‡i| wbn‡Zi g„Z‡`nwU‡K k³ i¾y w`‡q †Kv_vI m¤¢eZ wcQ‡gvov Kiv n‡qwQj Ñ wc‡Vi wb‡Pi w`‡K i¾yi GKwU Mfxi `vM cvIqv †M‡Q Ñ †hwU †c‡Ui w`‡K †bB... Z‡e Kxfv‡e Ges †Kv_vq euvav n‡qwQj †mB inm¨ fvev‡”Q...

A_P Aa¨vcK RqP›`ª we`¨v_x© msev`gva¨g‡K wKQyB ej‡jb bv| ïay ej‡jb, GUv nZ¨vB| Z‡e Avgv‡K Av‡iv wKQy Z`šÍ Ki‡Z n‡e| cvK¯’jxi LveviI cixÿvMv‡i cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| wf‡mivI| Avgv‡K †hLv‡b g„Z‡`n cvIqv †M‡Q, †m-RvqMvq †h‡Z n‡e...

Av‡iv `ywU RvqMvq hve Avwg... †mme RvqMvi K_v Z`‡šÍi ¯^v‡_©B Avcbv‡`i ejv hv‡e bv| †Mv‡q›`v wefvM AwZ`ªæZ Lye fv‡jv KvR K‡i‡Q, Ki‡Q| nZ¨vq e¨eüZ wRwbmcÎI wKQy Avgv‡`i nv‡Z G‡m‡Q| evwKUvI Avm‡e... Kx, Avcwb wKQy ej‡eb... RqP›`ª we`¨v_x© †n‡m gvBKwU †Mv‡q›`v wefv‡Mi DccÖavb Nbk¨vg †Rvqvi`v‡ii nv‡Z w`‡Z Dwb ej‡jb, Avi `yw`‡bi g‡a¨ wKsev AvR‡KB g~j nZ¨vKvix, Pµx cywj‡ki Rv‡j aiv co‡e e‡jB Avkv KiwQ... Avgvi †jv‡KivI e‡m †bB... Zviv †ewi‡q c‡o‡Q, Avkv KiwQ Kvj mKv‡ji g‡a¨B Avcbv‡`i fvj †Kv‡bv Lei...

GKUv mvaviY AwZmvgvb¨ nZ¨vi e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡`i GB c`‡ÿc Lye fv‡jv jvMj, msev`gva¨‡gi †Kv‡bv GK KwP mvsevw`‡Ki GB K_vq †cÖm M¨vjvwi‡ZB cÖwZev‡`i So DVj Ñ Nbk¨vgI evav w`‡q ej‡jb, GUv †Zv LywbiI K_v...Avgv‡`i GK gnvgvb¨ A¨vUwb©‡K Avgv‡`i g~j m‡›`nfvRb GB GKB K_v e‡j‡Qb| Gevi mvsevw`K‡`i g‡a¨ gyL PvIqv-PvIwq, nvwmI Pjj...

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42

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Avcwb ej‡j wbðqB Avme m¨vi| †Kv‡bv KvR Av‡Q? Ñ GKUz Av‡M †Zvgv‡`i g¨vWvg‡K wb‡q wdijvg| Mvwo wb‡q †Pbv RvqMvq †ewi‡q c_ fzj K‡i evBcvm g‡n›`ªbMi... GLb mvg‡j‡Q... wk IqvR †UvUvwj KbwdDRW&| Lvwj ej‡Q †mvbvwj‡K Wv‡Kv Avgvi K_v Av‡Q... Avgvi K_v Av‡Q... Ñ m¨vi, Avgiv Gw`‡KB AvwQ, GKUz ev‡`B hvw”Q| †mvbvwjI hv‡e| Avgv‡`iI GKUz K_v Av‡Q Avcbvi m‡½... Ñ Rvwb †Zv... AvgviI Av‡Q, mvgbvmvgwb e‡m K_v e‡j †bIqv fvj †Zv| A‡bK ivZ nj hw`I| Gevi gnvweòz bv¤^vi †Nviv‡”Qb... Ñ n¨v‡jv... Ñ Avwg gnvweòz ejwQ| Ñ ejyb| †Kgb Av‡Qb! Ñ GKUz g¨vWvg‡K †`‡L w`‡q †h‡Z n‡e! Kvj Avm‡eb! cvi‡eb? Ñ wbðqB hv‡ev, Kx n‡q‡Q! gnvweòz me ej‡jb| Aw¯’i Mjvq g„`½ ejj, Bbd¨v± †gwWK¨vj K‡j‡R wM‡q hLb ïbjvg AvR ewW Qvov n‡e bv... m¨vi P‡j wM‡qwQjvg, †j›Uzi Rb¨ †Zv Kvj Avm‡ZB n‡e Avevi| Avwg mKv‡jB wK¬wb‡K hvIqvi Av‡M Avcbvi ILv‡b P‡j hve| Avgv‡K ejyb †Zv m¨vi BR wm Kbkvm? Ñ B‡qm| Ñ Ávb nvwi‡q wQ‡jb Kx? Ñ †bv| evU wm IqvR wjUj WªvDwR A¨vÛ †UvUvwj KbwdDR| †Zvgv‡K ewj A¨vjSvBgv‡ii wnw÷ª Av‡Q Ii d¨vwgwj‡Z... Ii GK `v`v wbiæ‡Ïk eû w`b... AvR wd‡i Avmvi ci ej‡Q I Ii `v`v‡K †`‡L‡Q... Kvj Avevi ˆZRm‡K wb‡q bvwK LuR y ‡Z hv‡eb| Ñ K_vevZ©v ej‡Qb GLb? Ñ nu¨v Zv ej‡Q Ñ Ñ BR wm A¨vjvU© bvD? Ñ B‡qm| Ñ GLb A¨vjSvBgv‡i A‡bK fvj cixÿv †ewi‡q‡Q, Kvj K_v n‡e m¨vi| LvIqv-`vIqv K‡i‡Qb? Ñ Kie... gyKjz weRq eªþiv Avm‡eb †Zv| †mvbvwj Avm‡e|

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wbKv‡ii mvBR wb‡q wjL‡e? †g‡qwU weeªZ n‡qwQj| Z‡e DBM wb‡q †Kb †jLv hv‡e bv eyS‡Z cv‡iwb| A¨vcvU©‡g‡›U `uvwo‡q Rb‡mªvZ †`L‡Qb| nvRvi iKg †dwiIqvjv| AvIqvR Pvicv‡k| K¨vwj‡dvwb©qvi evwoi Pvicv‡k †jvKRb †bB| †ek GKUz wbwiwewj evwo| gyimvwjb P‡j hvIqvi ci eo evwoUv wewµ K‡i †QvU evwo‡Z P‡j Avmv| †jLvi Af¨vm Av‡Q| BDwUDe †Q‡o w`‡q cyi‡bv wnw›` Mv‡b D`vm nIqvi| Ges wKQy wKQy RgvwU Bs‡iwR, ¯‹vie‡iv †dqvi ev ÷vwi ÷vwi bvBU| ZLb wKš‘ Zvi ey‡Ki †fZi GK ai‡bi wPbwP‡b e¨_v ev‡R| †mUv Kv‡iv Rvbevi K_v bq| GB ey‡Ki †fZ‡ii e¨_vUv GK GK mgq KviY †bB Iu‡K AkÖæmRj K‡i| ZLb fv‡eb ni‡gv‡bi evovevwo| KviY †bB Zey e¨_v| ni‡gv‡bi evovevwo Qvov Avevi Kx| KL‡bv fv‡eb, Bm& mK‡j hw` mK‡ji fvebv †`L‡Z †cZ, Zvn‡j GB MÖ‡n fvebvi UªvwdKR¨vg †j‡M †hZ| fvwM¨m! kvqjv fve‡Qb, GB wZb gv‡m wZwb Zvi we‡kl eo eB Ô†cÖg I weinÕ †kl Ki‡eb| GKRb cvewjkvi AvMÖnx| ZvQvov eBUv wjL‡Z Zvi fv‡jv jvM‡Q| wZwb ej‡Z Pvb, †cÖg I wein Avm‡j GK ai‡bi Abyfe| †mw`b e¨vjKwb‡Z `uvwo‡q hLb evsjvi e„wó †`LwQ‡jb g‡b cowQj, †mB eBUvi GKwU ev `ywU P¨vcUvi wj‡L †djevi K_v| Ii †evb †gŠUzwm GKevi wj‡LwQj Ñ evsjvq e„wó QvZv wb‡Z fz‡jv bv/ evsjvq e„wó †bB †Kv‡bv Zzjbv| N‡i Avm‡ZB jÛb †_‡K Avw`‡Z¨i †dvb †c‡jb| Avw`Z¨ ej‡Q, mvg‡bi gv‡m I P‡j Avm‡e| cy‡iv `yB gvm _vKvi B”Qv| hw` kvqjv e‡jb Ii evwo‡ZB _vK‡eb| kvqjv fve‡Qb, QywU KvUv‡Z G‡m cy‡iv `ygvm GKRb‡K mn¨ Ki‡Z n‡e? bv Ki‡j gb Lvivc Ki‡e Lye| Kx DËi †`‡eb eyS‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| ZLwb ÔBDwUD‡eÕ GKUv Mvb evRvb| ILv‡b GKUv evRv‡Z PvB‡j Avi `kUv Mvb P‡j Av‡m| Ôg_yivbMicwZi Kv‡n Zzg †MvKzj hvIÕ| Ac~e© MvbUv| Ô†cÖg I weinÕ wjLevi Av‡M wZbevi GB MvbUv †kv‡bb| ejivR mvnvwbi †mB weL¨vZ Mvb ÔI †g‡i gv‡niRvwebIÕ ïb‡Z †ek| GB †mB Awf‡bZv bv hvi weG Abvm© wQj Bs‡iwR‡Z| Iui Av‡M GZ wkwÿZ †evaKwi Avi †KD Av‡mwb gy¤^vB‡qi wm‡bgvRM‡Z| ejivR mvnvwb Avi Puv` Dmgvwbi Awe¯§iYxq Mvb| ïb‡Z ïb‡Z kvqjv Kvco †MvQvb| gv‡b IqvW©‡ive kU©AvDU K‡ib| wRb‡mi Av‡iv K‡qKwU UªvDRvi wK‡b wb‡q hv‡eb fve‡Qb| I Uc¸‡jv †`‡Lb| evwU‡Ki KvR Kiv Av‡iv wKQy Uc wK‡b †b‡eb ÔAvosÕ †_‡K, fve‡Qb| Avi ZLwb †Pv‡L c‡o Mjvi Kv‡Qi †mB fuvR| eqmUv eo ¯úó| Bm&! GUv‡K Kxfv‡e miv‡bv hv‡e| †jRvi w`‡q? †Kv_vq Av‡Q †jRv‡ii Wv³vi| Avqbvq hLb GKUv my›`i gyL Ges †m-gyL wb‡Ri, ZLb †ek jv‡M kvqjvi| Avm‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv wb‡R‡KI †fvjv‡Z nq| Avi Avqbvq my›`i gyL Rxeb‡K Uvb‡Z mnR K‡i| n¨v‡jv| †dvb evR‡Q| Avwg Avw`Z¨!

Zzwg Kx KiQ? wnw›` Mvb ïbwQ| Zzwg G‡Kev‡i †Q‡jgvbyl kvqjvfvwe|

45

ZvB g‡b nq †Zvgvi?

GK`g| Avi Zzwg G‡Kev‡i ey‡ov| LvwbKUv| Avwg AvmwQ kvqjvfvwe| kvqjv Pzc n‡q hvq| †m Kx ej‡e Ñ `yB gvm! GZw`b †Zvgv‡K mn¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ mnRvZ wkÿv I‡K Ggb K_v ej‡Z evav †`q; wKš‘ †Zgb Drmvn †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib bv| kvqjvi wek¦vm hLb †KD wb‡R GKv _v‡K †m-B Zvi me‡P‡q eo m½x| Ab¨ Avi GKRb bq| KviY ZLb Avi Kv‡iv m‡½ mg‡SvZvi †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi _v‡K bv| GB †h wnw›` Puv‡`i Mvb Avi ivRKvcyi wKsev Ab¨ Avi †KD? Ac~e© nw›Us wUDb| Avw`Z¨ G‡j Kx Gme wb‡Ri g‡b ïb‡Z cvi‡eb? ej‡e nq‡Zv Avw`Z¨ Ñ K‡e eo n‡e Zzwg! wZwb Kx ej‡eb Ñ Gm‡e hw` eo nIqv †evSvq Zvn‡j †Kv‡bvw`b bq| Gme ïb‡j †Kb eo nIqv †evSvq bv| Kx †h †evSvq †K Rv‡b| eo nIqvi msÁv Kx? eqm? wVK Zv bq| †KD †KD e‡j Ñ GR? Rv÷ A¨v bv¤^vi| Av”Qv †dvb ivLwQ| kvqjvi Mjvq AvevnbI †bB, wemR©bI bq| Avw`Z¨ g‡b g‡b fve‡Q, Zey Avme| GK ai‡bi †KŠZ‚nj kvqjv‡K wb‡q, †h `k eQi n‡jv ¯^vgx nvwi‡q‡Q| †cÖ‡gi Mí-Dcb¨vm †j‡L Ges hLb-ZLb wnw›` Mvb †kv‡b| wRbm Avi Uc, †cQ‡b iæKm¨vK| G‡Kev‡i K¬¨vwmK Av‡gwiKvb| cvj©v‡i wM‡q gyL my›`i K‡i Av‡m| Avevi KL‡bv muvZvi w`‡Z hvq| Ggb GKRb wecixZagx© bvixi Rb¨ GK ai‡bi †KŠZ‚nj| BD‡dvwiqv| Avw`Z¨ eD ZvjvK w`‡q‡Q cuvP eQi| GL‡bv cvg©v‡b›Uwj Ii Rxe‡b †KD Bb K‡iwb| wKQy ZiæYxi Avmv-hvIqv| Gi g‡a¨ lvU cvi n‡q hvIqvi KvQvKvwQ GKR‡bi Rb¨ †KŠZ‚nj! c„w_exi in‡m¨i wK †Kv‡bv †kl Av‡Q? kvqjv g‡b g‡b fv‡e, †`Lv hvK| N‡ii `iRv eÜ K‡i †jLv, Mvb †kvbv, Pj‡e bv †h Zv wVK bq| `iRv eÜ Ki‡jB Ii RMr| †mLv‡b Kv‡iv AbycÖ‡ek _vK‡e bv| I Avi j¨vcUc| ZLb g‡b nq RxebUv g›` bq| GKUv †QvU gvB‡µvev‡m Avw`Z¨| Gqvi‡cvU© †_‡K evwo P‡j‡Q Iiv| wb‡Ri K_v ej‡Q Avw`Z¨| GKv _vKvi K_v| eD P‡j hvIqvi K_v| †Q‡j‡g‡q‡`i m‡½ m¤úK©nxbZvi K_v| Mvwoi Mvb ÔAvRv mbg gayi Puvw`wb †g nvgÕ Lye †ewk I‡K `Lj Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| bv n‡j GLb †KD GZ †Rv‡i K_v ej‡Z cv‡i? kvqjvi g‡b Av‡Q, GKevi wRwgi m‡½ Puv`bx †`L‡Z hvIqvi K_v| mybmvb c_| AvKv‡k wekvj GK Puv`| Pvicv‡k †gvnie„wó| Avi †m-c_ a‡i kvqjv P‡jwQj GK cvwU©‡Z| wRwg Ii cÖwZ‡ekx| wjdU w`‡qwQj †mevi| wKš‘ IB c‡_ wRwg GKeviI _v‡gwb eKeK †_‡K| Bm&! Kxfv‡e gv‡V gviv †Mj †mB c‡_i myL| Ii Kv‡Q Puv`-duv`, †RvQbv-†UvQbv, †gvnie„wó Gm‡ei †Kv‡bv A_© †bB| ZvB †Zv mvivc_ †W‡gvµ¨vU Avi wicvewjKv‡bi Mí K‡i †Mj| Zv‡`i Rb¥, ¸Yv¸Y, ˆelg¨ Gme| GKmgq c_Uv dzwi‡q †Mj GB Ki‡Z Ki‡Z| eis PzcPvc c_Uv hw` dzwi‡q †hZ bvg‡Z bvg‡Z wRwgi Mv‡j GKUv Ô†cKÕ Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| wKš‘ c‡_i †kl gv_vq G‡m Ii g‡b n‡jv †jvKUvi UvBU wRb‡mi †fZi †h-AЇKvl †mLv‡b GKUv jvw_ gv‡ib| Gici Puv` Dcj‡ÿ †h-eviwewKD †mLv‡bI Puv` †bB| †Kej Lvevi, nBPB Avi û‡jøvo| XvKvq GKRb ey‡ov gvbyl Puv` D`&hvcb K‡ib| PgrKvi| wZwb KL‡bv ey‡ov n‡eb bv

46

Ges `xN©w`b †jv‡Ki g‡b mRxe _vK‡eb GB GKwU Kvi‡Y Ñ †jvnvj°o, Kw¤úDUvi, †Uwjwfkb, †Kbv‡ePvi RM‡Z GKRb Avcbg‡b Puv‡`i Kvi‡Y UvKv-cqmv LiP K‡i MvqK G‡b GB †Rvrmœv-Puv` D`&hvcb K‡ib| †mŠ›`h©‡K ¯^vMZg! AmvaviY! f`ª‡jv‡Ki bvg †hb Kx? wVK g‡b co‡Q bv| Zvici kvqjvfvwe †Zvgvi Lei e‡jv? Ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q cÖkœ K‡i Avw`Z¨| Avw`Z¨ Avkivd| jÛ‡b cvDÛ aiv bvwK wk‡L †d‡j‡Q, e‡j mK‡j| Avgvi Avevi Kx Lei? gv‡b GKv GLv‡b| KZw`b _vK‡e? †`wL KZw`b _vKv hvq| kvqjv Rvbvjv w`‡q XvKv †`L‡Z †`L‡Z K_v ej‡Qb| Zzwg GKv| †hb Avcbg‡b wb‡Ri m‡½ K_v ej‡Q Gfv‡e K_v ej‡Q Avw`Z¨| GKv Avevi Kx? †jLv Av‡Q bv| wKš‘ †m-cÖm‡½ †Kv‡bv K_v e‡j bv Avw`Z¨| †jLv! †mUv Kx GKUv ejvi welq n‡jv? kvqjv †jLv cÖm½ Avi `xN© K‡ib bv| wZwb †Lqvj K‡i‡Qb GB cÖm½ G‡j mevB PzcPvc| KviY I bvix ZvB! Kx Rvwb| †m wb‡q Ii fvebv †bB| Avnv Avgvi Avb›`gq mgq| †jLv‡K I GB bv‡gB Wv‡K| Avm‡Z Avm‡Z GZme K_vi †fZ‡i Ô†cÖg I wei‡nÕi GKUv P¨vcUvi Ii g‡b †Ljv KiwQj| Abxk hLb P‡j †Mj| Avi †mvwnbx hLb GKv| Zvici †_‡K GKvi wb‡Ri Rxeb! †mvwnbxi bvg ZLb n‡q †M‡Q GKv| Avm‡j Ô†cÖg I wei‡nÕi bvg ÔGKvIÕ n‡Z cviZ| kvqjv e‡j Ñ WªvBfvi MvwoUv GKUz _vgvI| wKQy KwP Wve †be| Avi †`L Kx PgrKvi mewR| I¸‡jvI †`Le GKUz| MvwoUv _v‡g| kvqjv Mvwo †_‡K †b‡g evRvi mv‡ib| †evSv hvq GB evRv‡ii e¨vcvi Zv‡K Lywk K‡i‡Q; wKš‘ Avw`Z¨ bv‡g bv| Ii †kqv‡ii MíUv †_‡g †Mj e‡j Kx Ii ivM n‡jv? †nvK| bvg‡jB cviZ Avw`Z¨| kxZKvj! KZme kvKmewR| Avw`Z¨ nvZ evwo‡q †i‡L‡Q wm‡U| kvqjv em‡jB Ii gv_v co‡e Avw`‡Z¨i `yB nv‡Zi gvSLv‡b| I GKUz Mjvq kã Zz‡j e‡jb Ñ G·wKDR wg Avw`Z¨!

Avw`Z¨ nvZ mivq| e‡jb kvqjv Ñ bvg‡jB cvi‡Z| bZzb Avjy, Ugv‡Uv, KuvPvgwiP, cvjskvK, kvjMg, IjKwc| KZ Kx| GBmgq XvKvq Avmv †ek| B”Qv Ki‡j †ivRw`b gUiïuwUi †cvjvI| Ime †`Levi Kx Av‡Q? jÛ‡b GKRb ivbœv K‡i w`‡q hvq mvZw`‡bi Rb¨| evwK fvZ †dvUv‡bv ivBm KzKv‡i, Avwg †m‡i †dwj| I Zzwg evRvi K‡iv bv? †Kv‡bvw`b bq| kvqjv e‡jb Ñ evRv‡i KLb ÷ª‡ewi I‡V, †Kvb FZz‡Z jvj †Pwi c‡bU fwZ© K‡i cvIqv hvq, KLb Zigy‡Ri cvnvo R‡g, KLb Rvdv †_‡K Kgjv G‡m Bmiv‡q‡ji cwikÖ‡gi K_v e‡j Zvi Zzwg wKQyB Rv‡bv bv Avw`Z¨! KL‡bv bZzb Rvwm© Avjy wKb‡Z wKb‡Z fv‡ev bv, GK wkwk LuvwU mwilvi †Zj wKwb bZzb Avjyi fZ©v †L‡Z? jvj gwiP‡K †Z‡j †f‡R m‡l©i †Zj w`‡q fZ©v Kiv, Zvi m‡½ †gkv‡Z n‡e a‡bcvZv| fxlY fv‡jv †L‡Z| bv| bv Rvb‡jI Rvwb Kxfv‡e UvKv evbv‡bv hvq| I‡cb gv‡K©‡U hvB bv| mycvi gv‡K©‡U mviveQiB Ime cvIqv hvq| kvqjv Pzc K‡i Av‡Qb| WªvBfvi‡K e‡jI Mvb eÜ Ki‡Z| euvPv †Mj| Kxme evwm-cPv wnw›` Mvb| Gme Zzwg †kv‡bv

GL‡bv| M¤¢xi Mjvq kvqjv e‡jb Ñ ïwb| e‡jv bv GL‡bv KZ †Q‡jgvbyl Zzwg| Gme ïb‡jB †Q‡jgvbyl Avi Gme bv ïb‡jB ey‡ov gvbyl, Gme Avwg gvwb bv| Avwg †Zv Gme †Q‡o w`‡q Mjv †Q‡o wmsMvjs Kwi| †Q‡jgvbyl! e‡j Gevi nv‡m Avw`Z¨| GKUzLvwb Ô†mÝ Ae wnDgviÕ gvB‡µvev‡mi AvenvIqv GKUz nvjKv K‡i| wZb‡U mvg‡mvbvB‡Ui GKwU‡Z †Kv‡bv GK eÜzi Rb¨ kvU©| e‡j I Ñ wekvj eo‡jvK| eD gviv †M‡Q| GKUv kv‡U©i `vg `y‡kv Wjvi| UvKvi cvnvo| Pj‡e? gv‡b? Kx Pj‡e?

Ggwb ejjvg GB Avi Kx| G‡Kev‡i Ô†MU wiP KzBKÕ IfvibvBU| fve‡Z cv‡iv| UvKvi cvnvo! g‡b Av‡Q eo‡jvK nevi Lye kL wQj †Zvgvi! I‡K fve‡Z cv‡iv| eD LuyR‡Q| g‡b _vK‡e| kvqjv †n‡mB P‡j hvb| weª‡Ub †_‡K †h ïfvbya¨vqx Zvi GKvwKZ¡ wb‡q fve‡Z fve‡Z G‡m‡Q Zvi K_vi mewKQy eo cwi®‹vi| hw` Zzwg myLx n‡Z PvI UvKv evbvI Ges eo‡jvK‡K eowk‡Z Muv‡_v| I gUiïuwU KLb evRv‡i I‡V Rv‡b bv, KLb cvjskvK G‡m bv‡g SuvKvq K‡i †mme wb‡qI fv‡e bv| wKš‘ †kqvievRv‡ii Kviev‡i †jvKUv †gvUvgywU fv‡jv Ae¯’vq Ges wKQy eÜzI UvKvi cvnv‡o evm K‡i| †evaKwi Ii GB fv‡jv Ae¯’v †`Lv‡Z G‡m‡Q| wb‡Ri Ni cQ›` K‡i Avw`Z¨| GKwU eyK-†kjd LvU| wjLevi †Uwej| my¨UUzU ivLevi Rb¨ GKwU IqvW©‡ive| †Uwe‡j Ii Kw¤úDUvi ivLv| kvqjv e‡j Ñ Nygv‡bvi Av‡M wK eB covi Af¨vm Av‡Q? bv| gv‡S gv‡S GK AvaUz...| kvqjv Ii Dcb¨vm ÔcÖvšÍ‡ii Mvb AvgviÕ cv‡ki mvBW †Uwe‡j iv‡Lb| Avw`Z¨ eBUvi w`‡K GKevi ZvKvq; wKš‘ eBUv wb‡q †Kv‡bv †KŠZ‚nj cÖKvk K‡i bv| kvqjv bvBwUi Ic‡i †WªwmsMvD‡bi wd‡Z euva‡Z euva‡Z e‡jb Ñ wmøc I‡qj Avw`Z¨| BD Uz kvqjv| e‡jB nv‡m Avevi Avw`Z¨| nvwmUv Lvivc bq| †Kgb GKUv kvniæL Lvb fve Av‡Q nvwmUvq| kvqjv `y-GKevi Ii m‡½ evB‡i †M‡Qb; wKš‘ †Zgb K‡i hvIqv Dc‡fvM K‡ibwb| Pv‡qi Kvc mvg‡b †i‡L †h-cÖkœUv I Avw`Z¨‡K K‡iwQ‡jb, Avw`Z¨ Zvi DËi w`‡Z cv‡iwb| e‡jwQ‡jb Ñ Av”Qv e‡jv †Zv, Avw`Z¨, K…ò †Kb Zvi ivRKvR, gv_vi gyKzU g_yivq †i‡L †mB †MvKz‡j evievi Avm‡Z PvB‡Zb| LvwbK Av‡M †h-Mvb n‡q‡Q ZviB m~Î a‡i e‡jb kvqjv| cÖkœ K‡ib Avevi Ñ wK‡mi Rb¨? wZwb †Zv †`eZv, †Kb Zey Zv‡K †MvKz‡j Avm‡Z nq? ej‡Z cv‡iv? I‡K †Zv evievi ejv n‡q‡Q Ñ g_yivbMicwZ Kv‡n Zzg †MvKzj hvI| ivav‡K †`L‡Z †evaKwi| wKš‘ †Kb †mUv †Zv ejQ bv| g_yivq Kx Avi †Kv‡bv my›`ix bvix †bB? GB Avwg †hgb †Zvgv‡K †`L‡Z G‡mwQ| wKš‘ KviY †Zv e‡jvwb| †Kb Avgv‡K Zzwg †`L‡Z PvI? †Kb K…ò ivav‡K †`L‡Z Pvq|

wVK GB cÖ‡kœi †h-DËi †P‡qwQ‡jb kvqjv, wVK †m-DËiUv Rv‡b bv Avw`Z¨| K…ò Zvi †mB gvbyl iƒc †`L‡Z Pvb, †hLv‡b ü`q _v‡K, ü`‡qi e¨_v _v‡K; †hLv‡b e‡q hvIqv hgybvi cv‡k GK mvaviY bvix ivav‡K †c‡q wZwb fv‡jv K‡iB Rv‡bb †Kej †`eZv bq, Zv‡K gvbylI n‡Z n‡e| euvwki Uv‡b wZwb ZLb Avi GKRb| hv‡K e‡j ÔwnDg¨vb wdwjsÕ, †mUv Rvb‡ZB †Zv hgybvi cv‡i hvIqv| ü`‡qi Kvgbve¨_v †kl nq bv| Ab¨w`‡K K_v Nywi‡q e‡j Avw`Z¨ Ñ †Zvgvi Kvgbve¨_v †evaKwi me †kl? kvqjv kvšÍ-M¤¢xi Mjvq e‡jb Ñ Avgvi eB c‡ov, DËi cv‡e| eB co‡j Avgvi gv_v a‡i| eB †Kb? Zzwg ej‡Z cv‡iv bv| kvqjv nvm‡Z nvm‡Z D‡V `uvovb Ñ P‡jv iwKs n‡m© GKUz †`vj LvIqv hvK| dvb †dqv‡i †M‡jB kvqjv GKevi iwKs n‡m© DV‡Z Pvb Ges nv‡Z GKwU K¨vwÛd¬m wb‡q| Avw`Z¨ e‡j Ñ Zzwg I‡Vv| Avwg IB †PqviUvq ewm| GiciI †Zvgv‡K †Q‡jgvbyl ejv hv‡e bv? kvqjv e‡j Ñ Rv‡bv Avw`Z¨, Avgv‡`i Rxe‡b Avb›` GKwU we‡kl kã| wVK iwKs n‡m© IVv bq, Av‡iv bvbv Kv‡R kãUv wKš‘ evievi P‡j Av‡m| Avw`Z¨ DËi †`q bv| kvqjv e‡jb Ñ ZvB wK nq, Avwg iwKs n‡m© DVe Avi Zzwg †Kej Avgv‡K †`L‡e?

Gici `yRb dvb‡dqvi †_‡K †ewi‡q Av‡m| Nv‡mi c_Uv PzcPvc cvi n‡q hvq Ges Avw`Z¨ GK RvqMvq K‡qKUv †Pqvi †`‡L e‡j Ñ e‡mv| Gevi Avwg †Zvgv‡K eje XvKvq Avmvi cÖavb KviY| Avwg Avi eo‡jvK eÜz †iRv kvn GKwU e¨emvi K_v fvewQ| Zzwg wK Avgv‡`i m‡½ KvR Ki‡e, Zvn‡j K¨vwj‡dvwb©qvq GKwU eªv †Lvjv hv‡e| e¨emv? Avwg? cÖkœB I‡V bv| mgq †Zv cÖPzi †Zvgvi| h‡_ó ¯§vU© Zzwg| K_v fv‡jvB e‡jv| †Zvgv‡K †c‡j Avgiv Abvqv‡m GKUv eªv ILv‡b Lyj‡Z cvwi| Avwg †jLv‡jwL wb‡q _vK‡Z PvB| Ime †cÖg-†Uªg wb‡q wj‡L Kq cqmv cvI Zzwg? †m wnmve Avgvi| I wb‡q Zzwg †Kv‡bv K_v e‡jv bv| Avw`Z¨ I‡V| MvwoUv `~‡i wQj| kvqjv †dvb K‡i MvwoUv‡K Kv‡Q Avm‡Z e‡jb| Ges Mvwo‡Z †ek ¯úó fvlvq Avw`Z¨ hv e‡j †m GB Ñ ewefvB P‡j †M‡Qb `k eQi n‡jv| Avgvi eD‡K ZvjvK w`‡qwQ cuvP eQi n‡jv| Zzwg GKv Ges AvwgI| †Zvgvi evwK Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Avwg wK Dchy³ bB? kvqjv LvwbK Pzc K‡i _v‡Kb| †h-†jvK Zvi eB‡qi `yB cvZv c‡o‡Q cÖvq wek w`‡b Ges e‡j‡Q bvix‡`i c¨vbc¨vbvwb| Zv‡K Kx ej‡eb? GLb hv wjL‡Qb, †m †Zv Ô†cÖg I wei‡nÕi Pvi‡kv cvZvi Dcb¨vm| e‡jb †Kej Ñ evwK Rxeb GKv _vK‡Z PvB Avw`Z¨| Zzwg h‡_ó †hvM¨ gvbyl| †hme ZiæYx †Zvgvi Rxe‡b cvwL‡`i g‡Zv hvIqv-Avmv K‡i, Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv GKRb‡K a‡i LuvPvq f‡i †d‡jv| wPiw`b I †Zvgvi _vK‡e| `vbvcvwb wVKg‡Zv w`I, I †Kv_vI hv‡e bv| eyS‡Z cviwQ, mvwn‡Z¨ wcGBP.wW cvIqv †Kv‡bv GKRb‡K cQ›` †Zvgvi| Avwg Kvc‡oi e¨emvqx| K¬_ gv‡P©›U| cQ›` n‡e †Kb? iex›`ªbv_ †Zv ¯‹zj wjfvi| Zv‡K †Kb cQ›` Avgvi?

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IB ey‡ovB †Zv me©bvkUv Ki‡jb| G‡Kev‡i bv¤^vi Iqvb eø¨vK‡gjvi| †hb GK Avwd‡gi †bkvi g‡Zv †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi| Avwg jÿ K‡iwQ, IBme Mvb ïiæ n‡jB †Zvgvi †PvL QjQj| wVK ewjwb? †e`bv †h Avb›` †`q Zv Zzwg Rv‡bv Avw`Z¨? `uv‡Zi e¨_v `uv‡Zi e¨_vB Zvi g‡a¨ Avevi Avb›` Kx? kvqjv eyS‡Z cv‡ib Iiv †Kv‡bvw`b KL‡bv wPšÍvi mgvšÍiv‡j hv‡e bv| I hv †evSv‡Z PvB‡e Avw`Z¨ †Kv‡bvw`bB Zv eyS‡e bv| Ô_U I‡qf‡j‡š’Õ I‡`i `yR‡bi `~iZ¡ †hvRb †hvRb gvBj| Kv‡RB kvqjv Avi †mB kã D”PviY K‡ib bv hvi ÔKb‡mckbÕ Avw`‡Z¨i Kv‡Q G‡Kev‡iB Ab¨ wKQy| e‡j I Avm‡j Avb›`-†e`bv GKB Møv‡mi kieZ| whwb Puv` D`hvcb K‡ib cÖwZgv‡m GKevi wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb Ñ †mB gvbyl PvB †h †e`bvevb n‡Z cv‡i| GK ai‡bi we‡klY GB k‡ã| †e`bvevb! Ges GwU GKwU we‡kl kã| gv_vUv a‡i‡Q| †Zvgvi e¨v‡M wK c¨vivwmUvgj Av‡Q? kvqjv †QvU cøvw÷‡Ki Kv‡c GKUz cvwb †X‡j e‡jb Ñ bvI †Zvgvi c¨vivwmUvgj| Zzwg wK PvI mvivRxeb Zzwg gv_vi e¨_vq †fv‡Mv| Avgvi K_v gv‡bB †Zvgvi gv_ve¨_v ZvB †Zv! Zvic‡iI Avgv‡K PvI? PvB| Ges †Zvgv‡K PvB hLb dU K‡i GKUv cøvw÷‡Ki Kvc †ei K‡i Rv`yi g‡Zv GKUv c¨vivwmUvg‡ji ewo †ei Ki‡Z

Ôwfb‡m‡šÍvÕ G‡bwQjvg| P‡jv cvb Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wm‡bgvUv †`Lv hvK| Ôwfb‡m‡šÍvÕ wMÖK †`‡ki mv‡šÍvwiwb Øx‡ci g`| bv _vK †Zvgvi Ôwfb‡m‡šÍvÕ| †jey Pv bv n‡j eø¨vK Kwd| hv †Zvgvi cQ›`| Zzwg wVK Rv‡bv †Zv, IUv wK? gv‡b Ôwfb‡m‡šÍvÕ wRwbmUv Kx? Kx Avevi g`| ZzwgB †Zv ej‡j| IqvBb| ej‡Z cv‡iv ¯^Mx©q g`| mv‡šÍvwiwb Qvov I wRwbm Avi †Kv_ vI cv‡e bv| a~‡ci MÜfiv| Avgvi g‡b nq G‡KB †evaKwi ejv hvq Ôkiveb ZûivÕ| kvqjv e‡j Ñ bv _vK| `yR‡b e‡m e‡m g` cvb wVK cQ›` bq| †ib‡Kv‡Ui †mB we‡kl Mvb| g_yivbMicwZ Kv‡n Zzg †MvKzj hvI| †Kej g_yivi †`eZvB ej‡Z cv‡i †Kb †m Avevi g_yiv †h‡Z Pvq| †evaKwi gvbyl Rxeb wd‡i †c‡Z| Avevi e‡jb kvqjv| welqUv †ek| g‡b g‡b fve‡Qb kvqjv, G-wel‡q GKUv †QvUMí wj‡L †dj‡eb| g_yivi †`eZv †Kb Zzwg Avevi †MvKzj †h‡Z PvI| QweUvq ûKW kvqjv| †k‡li w`‡K G‡m jÿ K‡ib ev eyS‡Z cv‡ib Avw`Z¨ Nywg‡q †M‡Q| WvK w`‡q e‡jb Ñ GLb gv‡b GLb Kx K‡i NygvI Zzwg? †klUv bv †`‡L? †evwis| GK N‡ii g‡a¨ ZLb †_‡K K_v †Kej| Zvi †P‡q Kwf Lywk Kwf Mg w`‡Z cvi‡Z? Gici I cvk †d‡i| †mvdvq

Ô_U I‡qf‡j‡š’Õ I‡`i `yR‡bi `~iZ¡ †hvRb †hvRb gvBj| Kv‡RB kvqjv Avi †mB kã D”PviY K‡ib bv, hvi ÔKb‡mckbÕ Avw`‡Z¨i Kv‡Q G‡Kev‡iB Ab¨ wKQy| cv‡iv| gv_vi †e`bvq hLb Avwg †e`bvevb Zzwg hw` _v‡Kv Zvn‡j e¨vcviUv mnbxq n‡e bv Kx? G‡Kev‡i ivwek n‡e mewKQy| IB †h †g‡qUv wZkv bv Kx †hb bvg, I‡K Gevi e‡jv †Zvgvi Rxe‡b cvg©v‡b›Uwj Bb Ki‡Z| VvÆv KiQ? †WW wmwiqvm| VvÆv †Kb n‡e?

Avw`Z¨ wm‡U †njvb w`‡q †PvL eÜ K‡i| e‡Üi w`‡b XvKvq iv¯Ívq †gvUvgywU fv‡jvfv‡eB MvwoUv Pj‡Q| GKUv Mvwo wb‡q‡Q Avw`Z¨, †h UvKvUv I †`‡e| Ii bvbvme wgwUs-wUwUs| Kv‡RB `yqv‡i cÖ¯‘Z Mvwo, memgq| ¯‹z‡j KvR Ki‡Z †h-Af¨vm n‡q‡Q kvqjvi, †mUv mvZUvi †fZ‡i iv‡Zi LvIqv †kl Kiv| wgRvb `y‡Uv iæwU Avi wKQy mewR G‡b †`q| Avw`Z¨ `kUvi Av‡M KL‡bv Lvq bv| kvqjv G wb‡q wKQy e‡jbwb| †Kej wgRvb‡K e‡j‡Q Ñ hLb wZwb †L‡Z Pvb| †`‡e| Zvici †Zvgvi wekÖvg| wgRvb fv‡jv †Q‡j, gv_v †b‡o e‡j‡Q Ñ ZvB n‡e Av¤§v| kvqjvi eBUv †kl Ki‡Z n‡e| eB‡gjv P‡j Avm‡e| nv‡Z Aí wKQy mgq| Zey e‡jb Ñ †Kv‡bv wm‡bgv †`L‡e?

Kx Av‡Q †Zvgvi| kvqjv e‡j Ñ P‡jv †ib‡KvUUv †`wL| welv` †Kej ZvB bq?

Zv n‡jI †ek| Avwg Pvievi †`‡LwQ| Avevi †`L‡Z AvcwË †bB| Avw`Z¨ ivwR nq| e‡j Avmevi mgq †Zvgvi Rb¨ GK †evZj

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cÖMvp Nyg| kvqjv Qwe eÜ K‡i D‡V P‡j hvb wb‡Ri N‡i| GKv †g‡qi Mí Ô†cÖg I weinÕ| Avm‡j G n‡jv Abyf‡ei Mí| †h-†g‡qUv cÖvq †ivRw`b Zvi Mí e‡j KvD‡K wPwVi fvlvq; wKš‘ GKw`b †g‡qUv wK Rvb‡e, I µgvMZ wb‡R‡K wPwV wj‡L P‡j‡Q| Gi †fZ‡i †j‡mv‡_vi gv‡kiæ| †W‡KÝevM© ce©Zgvjv| †g‡qiv| †Mvì DB‡Wv| †jvKRb| Zv‡`i bvbvme Rxebhvcb| DBP Wv³vi| ¯‹zj| gvjwZ cvnvo| UvKv-cqmv ev i¨vÛ| Avi †j‡mv‡_v‡Z hv‡K e‡j gvjywZ †mme wb‡q Ô†cÖg Avi weinÕ| wjL‡Z wjL‡Z ivZ evo‡Z _v‡K| nq‡Zv wgRvb Avw`Z¨‡K LvB‡q‡Q| I Avi G wb‡q gv_v Nvgvq bv| `yR‡bi wPšÍvi wekvj duvKUv w`b w`b ¯úó nq| fvwM¨m! ejv †Zv hvq bv, kvqjv nVvr K‡i hw` e‡j †d‡jb Ñ P‡jv Zvn‡j Avevi ïiæ Kiv hvK| hw`I eqmUv Kv‡iv Kg bq| wKš‘ KL‡bv eqmI m½x nq bv| Avi kvqjv †ewmK¨vwj GKRb big g‡bi bvix| AvcvZ Mv¤¢x‡h©i Avov‡j GKUv †Kvgj gb I‡K gv‡S gv‡S weeªZ K‡i| mKv‡ji Av‡jv‡Z Pv‡qi m‡½ GKevwU cwiR †L‡q cv‡q GKUv wcÖg‡mvj Pvwc‡q nuvU‡Z hvb| `kUvi Av‡M Avw`Z¨ DV‡e bv| Zvici `xN© kvIqvi| bvkZv GMv‡ivUvq| wdiwZ c‡_ gvQ, wgwó Kzg‡ov, kvK wb‡q evwo †d‡i I| SzcSzc e„wó| e¨vjKwbi Pvicv‡k e„wó co‡Q| †fRv gy‡L Avi R‡ji SvcUvq eyS‡Z cv‡ib Avm‡j eqmUv g‡bi e¨vcvi| GLb kvqjv Qv‡` wM‡q wf‡R Avm‡Z cvi‡eb Ges GbRq Ki‡eb| Avw`Z¨ Kvco e`jv‡Z e`jv‡Z cÖkœ K‡i I‡K Ñ Kx KiQ AvR mvivw`b| kvqjv e‡jb Ñ †Zgb wKQy bv|

hv‡e bvwK Avgvi eo‡jvK eÜzi evMvbevwo‡Z| †iRv kv‡ni evMvbevwo| evMvb I cyKzi PgrKvi! kvqjv e‡jb, bv| Ii GLb †Kv_vI †h‡Z fv‡jv jvM‡Q bv| GLb wjL‡eb| e‡j Avw`Z¨ Ñ AvR iv‡Z Ôwfb‡m‡šÍvÕUv Ly‡jv| Avi Kwf Lywk Kwf Mg| nuvU‡Z wM‡qwQ‡jb kvqjv wRbm Avi kvU© Mv‡q| kvU©Uv j¤^v| Pv`‡ii Zjvq kvU© bv KvwgR bv wcinvb †K eyS‡e| Ic‡i Pv`i| †cvkvK wb‡q fv‡eb bv †Kv‡bvw`b| e‡jb Ñ K_v w`‡Z cviwQ bv| Zzwg †Zv G‡Kev‡iB cÖvPxb| c‡i‡Qv †Zv wRbm Avi kvU©!

Avi †kv‡bv bvbv wnw›` Mvb| kvqjv e‡jb Ñ Zv‡Z Kx| AvR iv‡Z †Zvgv‡K Avwg GKUv we‡kl K_v eje| Kx we‡kl K_v? hLb eje, Rvb‡e| Avgvi m½xmvw_i eqm †ewk bq| Avwg ejwQ ZiæYx †g‡q‡`i K_v| Iiv Avgv‡K cQ›` K‡i| Kx K_v ej‡Z Pvq Avw`Z¨| kvqjv †n‡m e‡jb Ñ hyMUvB †hŠe‡bi| fvqvMÖv, nm© Av‡iv KZ Kx! Avw`Z¨ e‡j Ñ Zvn‡j? kvqjv e‡j Ñ Zzwg hv‡e K‡e?

Lye ZvovZvwo| ZLb eyS‡e Ñ Kx nvivB‡ZQ Rv‡bv bv| e„wói QuvUUv †hLv‡b G‡m c‡o‡Q kvqjv Zvi Ici w`‡q †nu‡U †h‡Z †h‡Z e‡j Ñ †Zvgvi ZvB g‡b nq? Zzwg †Zv AvR mKv‡ji e„wó †`‡Lvwb| iv‡Zi Puv`I †`‡Lv bv| Avwg Avwj© ivBRvi| Zzwg I‡Vv `kUv-GMv‡ivUvq| †ib‡Kv‡U Zzwg Nywg‡q c‡ov| †e`bvevb †Zvgvi Kv‡Q gv_ve¨_v| Avwg †evanq Rvwb Avwg Kx nvivB‡ZwQ| Avgvi ÔcÖvšÍ‡ii MvbÕ gvÎ wZb cvZv c‡oQ| Ime wj‡L Kx n‡e e‡jv Zzwg| GKUv DuPz K¬v‡m IVvi c_ Avwg †Zvgv‡K w`‡Z cvwi| kvqjv e‡jb Ñ RxebUv hLb Avgvi, c_UvI Avgvi cQ‡›`i †nvK| kvqjv Ii eB‡qi ay‡jv Svo‡Qb| Avw`Z¨ e‡j Ñ UvB euva‡Z cv‡iv? bv| KvRUv Av‡Rv †kLv nqwb| ewei UvB euvavB _vKZ| I †Kej Mjvq gvjvi g‡Zv c‡i †djZ| ZvB Avi wkLjvg †Kv_vq| kvqjv AevK nq GL‡bv †i‡M DV‡Qb bv| ev P‡j hvIqvi †bvwUk RvwiI Ki‡Qb bv| e‡jb †Kej Ñ fv‡jv mgq KvUzK †Zvgvi eÜzi evMvbevwo‡Z| ivZ KZ †K Rv‡b| kvqjvi N‡i nvjKv Av‡jv| `iRvUv GKUz †Lvjv| Av‡jvUv †Uwej evwZi| wgRvb QywU wb‡qwQj| Avw`Z¨ evB‡i Lv‡e GgbB †Zv K_v| kvqjvi N‡ii `iRv mPivPi eÜ _v‡K| `iRvi Icv‡i wb‡Ri N‡i †h-RMr kvqjvi †mLv‡b I GKv Ges `xN©w`‡b GKUz GKUz K‡i †m-RMr Ii GKvšÍ| †hLv‡b Puv` Zviv bÿÎ cvwL cÖRvcwZ me Ii GKvi| ÔcÖvšÍ‡ii Mv‡bÕi f‚wgKvq Ggb K_v wj‡LwQ‡jb kvqjv| AvR GKUz wUcwm I| eo‡jvK eÜzi m½| GKmgq e‡jwQ‡jb wZwb Ñ †h-Rxeb Ii cQ›` †mLv‡b Zzwg †K †n I‡K Zv e`jv‡Z ej‡e| †Zvgvi g‡Zv K‡i fve‡Z ej‡e| Zzwg Ggb K_v ejQ?

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50

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eÜ K‡i AvKvk †`LvB fv‡jv| gwZwS‡j GKwU Avav-miKvwi ¯^vqËkvwmZ cÖwZôv‡b wZwb KvR Ki‡Qb cÖvq mvZvk eQi a‡i| Lye we‡kl cÖ‡qvRb Qvov GKw`bI Awdm KvgvB K‡ibwb| GB Awd‡m wZwb Xz‡KwQ‡jb GKRb †Kivwb wn‡m‡e| Avcb Kg©`ÿZvq wZwb GLb GB cÖwZôv‡bi Rbms‡hvM cwiPvjK| GB kn‡ii A‡bK e¨w³i m‡½ Zuvi Nwbô cwiPq; Avi cwÎKv I †eZvi-†Uwjwfk‡bi †jvK‡`i m‡½ Zuvi Av‡Q we‡kl LvwZi| cÖvqB wZwb wewkó mvsevw`K‡`i †W‡K wb‡q AvÇv †`b, Pv LvIqvb, hvIqvi mgq Zviv †¯^”Qvq Awd‡mi †Kv‡bv †cÖm wiwjR c‡K‡U K‡i wb‡q hvb| ev¯ÍweK GB wekvj cÖwZôv‡bi Rbms‡hvM cwiPvjK nvmvb kwd‡Ki `ÿZvi Kvi‡Y cÖwZôv‡bi bvg I Kg©ZrciZvi Lei †`‡ki me©Î Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| wKš‘ †mB D”Qj-cÖvYešÍ gvbylwU Qgvm a‡i wb‡Ri g‡a¨ GK A™¢zZ cwieZ©b jÿ Ki‡Qb| KviYUv wK kvixwiK bv gvbwmK? cvwievwiK Rxe‡b wZwb D`vi I kvwšÍwcÖq| ¯¿xi nv‡ZB msmv‡ii me `vwqZ¡| ¯¿x bvRgv nvmvb †`‡ki GKRb wewkó D”Pv½msMx‡Zi wkíx, †g‡q myw¯§ZvI gv‡qi c_ AbymiY K‡i †Kv‡bv GK I¯Ív‡`i Kv‡Q K¬vwmK¨vj Mv‡bi Zvwjg wb‡”Q| GB ivM-ivwMYxi Mvb eo wcÖq nvmvb kwd‡Ki, cÖvqB iv‡Z wmwW‡Z hLb wZwb eû cyi‡bv I¯Ív` Kwig Lvb ev Avgxi Lv‡bi K‡É

ˆfiex, BgbKj¨vY wKsev Avkveix ivM †kv‡bb, ZLb wZwb Ab¨ GK c„w_exi evwm›`v| ZLb my›`ix ¯¿x I †mœngqx Kb¨v KvD‡KB g‡b _v‡K bv| GgbB GK ms¯‹…wZgbv I iæwPkxj f`ª‡jvK nvmvb kwd‡Ki gb weKj n‡q hv‡”Q Qgvm a‡i| Gi KviY Kx? W. Avey Zv‡ni? Zv‡ni Zuvi cig eÜz I ïfvKv•ÿx| nvmvb Rv‡bb bvRgvi cÖwZ GKUz Avjv`v ai‡bi `i` wKsev Uvb Av‡Q Zv‡n‡ii; wKš‘ G‡Z †`v‡li Kx Av‡Q? bvRgvi A‡bK ¸Y, D”Pv½msMx‡Zi ¸Yxwkíx, †mB m‡½ h‡_ó my›`ix| Zuvi GZ eo wkíx nIqvi †cQ‡b nvmvb mv‡n‡ei Ae`vb A‡bKLvwb; †mB cvebv kn‡ii mvaycvov †_‡K ZiæYx bvRgv‡K we‡q K‡i G‡bwQ‡jb wZwb, ZLb bvRgvi kixi I g‡b wQj gd¯^‡ji mij jveY¨, wZwb Zuv‡K A‡bK N‡l-†g‡R ˆe`»¨ `vb K‡i‡Qb| ZLb bvRgv †Kej g¨vwUªK cvk K‡i‡Q Ges nvi‡gvwbqvg evwR‡q †Kej iex›`ªmsMxZ I AvaywbK Mvb MvB‡Zb| †mw`‡bi bvRgvi m‡½ GLbKvi bvRgvi A‡bK Zdvr| GLb bvRgv †hb †Kv‡bv AwPb ivwMYxi Nyg fvOv‡Z Mfxi mvabvq Wz‡e _v‡K cÖwZgyn~‡Z©| ¯¿xi `ywU D”Pv½msMx‡Zi wmwW †ewi‡q‡Q Ôwc›Uz MÖæ‡ciÕ c„ô‡cvlKZvq| Ôwc›Uz MÖæ‡ciÕ gvwjK Avjx Avng` wc›Uz| G-†`‡ki msMxZ I wPÎKjvi GKRb eo c„ô‡cvlK| wZwb wb‡R K‡qKevi m¯¿xK G‡m‡Qb nvmvb mv‡n‡ei evmvq| bvRgvi K‡É †Kv‡bv Vzswi ev †Lqvj Kv‡Q e‡m ï‡b‡Qb| Ggb ¸Yx I my›`ix bvRgv‡KI B`vbxs KL‡bv KL‡bv nvmvb mv‡n‡ei g‡b nq fxlY A‡Pbv| Avi †g‡q myw¯§Zv‡KI g‡b n‡”Q †hb †m Zuvi wb‡Ri †g‡q bq| Zuvi nVvr g‡b n‡q‡Q, W. Avey Zv‡n‡ii m‡½ myw¯§Zvi †Pnvivi †Kv_vq †hb wgj Av‡Q| Qgvm Av‡M Awd‡m e‡m K‡qKUv dvBj †`LwQ‡jb nvmvb mv‡ne| Zuvi mvg‡b e‡m wQj ZuviB wefv‡Mi mnKvix cwiPvjK Lv‡j` †nv‡mb| Lv‡j` `yeQi a‡i G-Awd‡m KvR Ki‡Q| Awd‡m cÖvq cÖwZw`b †`Lv nq| †mw`b dvBj wb‡q hvIqvi mgq Lv‡j` ejj, Ôm¨vi AvMvgx gv‡m K·evRv‡i DcRvZxq n¯Íwk‡íi †gjv n‡e Avgv‡`i D‡`¨v‡M| ZLb Avcbvi m‡½ Avwg †h‡Z PvB|Õ nvmvb Ab¨gb¯‹fv‡e ej‡jb, ÔwVK Av‡Q †Póv Kie Avcbv‡K m‡½ wb‡Z|Õ Avm‡j DcRvZxq n¯Íwk‡íi IB †gjvi K_v Zuvi G‡Kev‡iB g‡b wQj bv| wZwb wKQyw`b a‡i GK RwUj welYœZvq Wz‡e Av‡Qb, Avm‡j mwVK Kx fve‡Qb Zv wZwb wb‡RI Rv‡bb bv| nVvr Zuvi g‡b n‡jv, Zuvi GB mnKgx©wUi bvg g‡b co‡Q bv| Kx †hb bvg, wZwb g‡b Kivi †Póv Ki‡jb| wKš‘ wKQy‡ZB g‡b coj bv bvgwU| Gevi wb‡Ri GB Amvg_©¨ XvK‡Z GKUz mvaviY eyw× cÖ‡qvM Ki‡jb nvmvb mv‡ne| wZwb Zuvi mnKgx©‡K WvK‡jb, ÔGB †h ïbyb|Õ Lv‡j` GKUz Avðh© n‡q †cQb wdij| ejj, Ôm¨vi, Avgv‡K WvK‡Qb?Õ Ônu¨v Avcbv‡KB| GKUz emyb|Õ nvmvb ej‡jb| Lv‡j` GKUz †KŠZ‚nj wb‡q nvmv‡bi mvg‡b wM‡q emj| nvmvb GKUz LyK K‡i Kvk‡jb, Zvici ej‡jb, ÔAvcbvi evev-gv †eu‡P Av‡Qb?Õ Lv‡j` ejj, ÔwR, Avjøvni ing‡Z `yR‡bB †eu‡P Av‡Qb|Õ Gevi nvmvb ej‡jb, ÔAvcbvi m¤ú~Y© bvg Kx?Õ Lv‡j` Gevi ixwZg‡Zv wew¯§Z n‡jv, ejj, ÔAvgvi bvg Lv‡j` †nv‡mb|Õ nvmvb ej‡jb, ÔZvB bvwK? Avgvi aviYv wQj, ÔAvcbvi bvg Lv‡j` Lvb| wVK Av‡Q hvb|Õ Lv‡j` dvBj wb‡q Zuvi wb‡Ri N‡i wd‡i †Mj| Zvi g‡b

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n‡jv, m¨vi nq‡Zv †Kv‡bv e¨w³MZ mgm¨vq fzM‡Qb| ZvB Ggb Ab¨gb¯‹| wKš‘ nvmvb kwdK †mw`b †_‡KB eyS‡Z cviwQ‡jb, †Kv_vq †hb g‡bi g‡a¨ GK Mfxi RwUjZvi m„wó n‡q‡Q| g‡bi g‡a¨ wgUwgU R¡j‡Q †h-¯§„wZi †PZbv Zv †hb µ‡gB a~mi †_‡K a~miZi n‡q hv‡”Q| nvmvb †mw`b evmvq wd‡i †`L‡jb, Zv‡ni evmvq Av‡M †_‡KB nvwRi| nvmv‡bi me eÜzB bvRgv‡K ÔfvweÕ e‡j Wv‡Kb, ïay Zv‡ni Zuv‡K mivmwi ÔbvgRvÕ e‡j Wv‡Kb Avi ÔZzwgÕ e‡jb| G-wb‡q nvmv‡bi †Kv‡bv Awf‡hvM wQj bv| wZwb cÖMwZkxj D`vicš’x gvbyl, Zv‡n‡ii AvPi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i †hLv‡b bvRgvi w`K †_‡K †Kv‡bv AvcwË †bB, †mLv‡b Zuvi AvcwË _vK‡e †Kb! Avm‡j Zv‡ni Zuv‡K †hgb Nwbô eÜz g‡b K‡ib, Zvi ¯¿x bvRgv‡KI nq‡Zv †ZgbB eÜz g‡b K‡ib| GQvov bvRgvi Rb¨ Zv‡n‡ii g‡b GKUv ÔmdU Kb©vi, Av‡Q Ñ G-e¨vcviUv nvmvb A‡bKw`b Av‡MB Abyfe K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡ni ej‡jb, Ô†Zvgvi Rb¨ e‡m †_‡K A‡bK †`wi n‡q †Mj| AvR Avgv‡`i mvs¯‹…wZK †K‡›`ª †mZv‡ii †cÖvMÖvg Av‡Q| BwÛqv †_‡K GKRb fv‡jv I¯Ív` G‡m‡Qb|Õ nvmvb Lye K¬všÍ‡eva KiwQ‡jb, ej‡jb, ÔAvR Avwg †Kv_vI hve bv| Zzwg eis bvRgv Avi myw¯§Zv‡K wb‡q hvI|Õ bvRgv Avi myw¯§Zv Av‡M †_‡K †m‡R¸u‡R e‡m Av‡Q, myw¯§Zv gv‡qi g‡ZvB my›`i n‡q‡Q| Zv‡n‡ii Mvwo‡Z e‡m Iiv `yRb P‡j †Mj MYms¯‹…wZ †K‡›`ª| W. Avey Zv‡ni wbR D‡`¨v‡M avbgwЇZ ÔMYms¯‹…wZ †K›`ªÕ bv‡g GKwU mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb, GB †K‡›`ªi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨, msMxZ I wPÎKjv‡K mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q †`Iqv| mvs¯‹…wZK †K‡›`ªi AwWUwiqv‡g cÖvqB D”Pv½msMx‡Zi Abyôvb wKsev wPÎKjv cÖ`k©bxi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| Zv‡ni eQ‡i `y-wZbevi †mwgbvi wKsev e¨w³MZ md‡i †`‡ki evB‡i hvb| G-†`‡ki Mv‡bi fze‡b wZwb GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© eyw×Rxex, msMxZ wel‡q wewfbœ †mwgbvi wKsev Abyôv‡b wZwb GKRb Acwinvh© e³v| †m-iv‡Z †Uwjwfkb †`L‡ZI nvmv‡bi fv‡jv jvMwQj bv| GK Mfxi K¬vwšÍ‡Z Av”Qbœ n‡q wZwb †mvdvq e‡m Dcb¨vm co‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jb; Zvici Aa©Ny‡g Av”Qbœ n‡q e‡m _vK‡jb| †ek iv‡Z wZwb wb‡P Mvwoi kã ïb‡Z †c‡jb; †`vZjvi Rvbvjv w`‡q wb‡P ZvwK‡q †`L‡jb, Mvwo †_‡K bvg‡Q Zv‡ni, bvRgv I myw¯§Zv| †m-iv‡Z bvRgv I myw¯§Zvi m‡½ mvgvb¨ K_v ejvi ci nvmv‡bi g‡b n‡jv, myw¯§Zvi †Pnvivi m‡½ Zv‡n‡ii †Pnvivi †ek wgj Av‡Q| nvmvb wPšÍv K‡i †`L‡jb, MZ PweŸk eQi a‡i Zuvi we‡q n‡q‡Q Ges MZ PweŸk eQi a‡i Zv‡ni Zuv‡`i cwiev‡ii me‡P‡q Nwbô eÜz| Zuv‡`i cwiev‡ii A‡bK wec‡`i w`‡b mevi Av‡M GwM‡q G‡m‡Qb W. Avey Zv‡ni| Zuvi Kv‡Q nvmvb h‡_ó K…ZÁ| Gfv‡e Av‡jv-Auvav‡i w`b †K‡U hvq| cÖwZw`b m~h© D‡V c~e© AvKv‡k, nvmvb h_vixwZ Awd‡m Av‡mb| mܨvq N‡i G‡m †`‡Lb, bvRgv I myw¯§Zv Zvbcyiv evwR‡q †iIqvR Ki‡Q; my‡ii mvabvq I‡`i †PvL ey‡R Av‡Q †Kv‡bv GK AwPb iƒcmvM‡i Wze w`‡q| Kv‡Ri †g‡q‡K Pv evbv‡Z e‡j nvmvb †mvdvq e‡m wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ welYœZvq Wz‡e hvb| Gfv‡eB w`b P‡j hvq| Zvi GB we¯§„wZi cÖeYZv µ‡gB †e‡o P‡jwQj; Kv‡Ri †g‡q Zmwjgv‡K wZwb KL‡bv Wv‡Kb iwngv, KL‡bv Wv‡Kb mwLbv| nvmv‡bi wb‡RiI g‡b nw”Qj we¯§„wZi GB fqven e¨vcviUv wb‡q †Kv‡bv Wv³v‡ii m‡½ Avjvc Ki‡Z| bvRgvi Kv‡QI e¨vcviwU †hb GKUz A¯^vfvweK g‡b nw”Qj, †m Zv‡n‡ii m‡½ Avjvc Kij e¨vcviwU wb‡q| Zv‡ni ej‡jb, ÔAvgvi cwiwPZ GKRb fv‡jv mvBwKqvwUª÷ Av‡Qb, cÖ‡dmi b~iæj Avwgb, P‡jv Zuvi Kv‡Q hvB|Õ h_vixwZ `y-wZbw`b c‡i

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gvivZ¥Kfv‡e RLg wdwiw¯Í‡bi wbiciva gvbyl‡`i K_v| Zuvi g‡b n‡jv, †mLvbKvi Amnvq bvix I wkï‡`i Rb¨ Zuvi wKQy Kiv `iKvi| †mB m‡½ g‡b n‡jv, mvsevw`K Igi dviæ‡Ki K_v| ciw`b Avevi †eov‡Z †ei n‡jb nvmvb mv‡ne| m‡½ wb‡jb Zvi †PKeB I cvm‡cvU©| GB cvm‡cvU© e¨envi K‡i wZwb GK eQi Av‡M _vBj¨v‡Û Awd‡mi Kv‡R wM‡qwQ‡jb| cvm‡cv‡U©i †gqv` Av‡Q Av‡iv `y-eQi| nvmvb gwZwS‡j GKwU e¨vs‡Ki A¨vKvD›U †_‡K Pvi jvL UvKv Zzj‡jb| UvKv c‡K‡U wb‡q Avkcv‡k ZvKv‡jb| wKš‘ Zuvi GZUzKz fq n‡jv bv| g‡b n‡jv, cÖwZwU gvbyl welYœ †e`bvq wbðzc n‡q Av‡Q| mg‡qi wb‡®úl‡Y mevB Amnvq| GB Amnvq gvbyl‡K euvPv‡e †K? ax‡i ax‡i †cÖmK¬v‡e †nu‡U G‡jb nvmvb| †`L‡jb mvsevw`K Igi dviæK eÜz‡`i m‡½ Zzgyj AvÇvq wbgMœ| Bkvivq Zuv‡K †W‡K wb‡q G‡jb †cÖmK¬v‡ei wWwRUim iæ‡g| †mLv‡b †KD †bB, GKUv duvKv †Uwe‡j `yR‡b em‡jb| nvmvb ej‡jb, ÔAvwg Avcbvi m‡½ Uz¨wi÷ wn‡m‡e R`©vb hve| c‡i †mLvb †_‡K c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi MvRvq †XvKvi †Póv Kie| ILvbKvi Amnvq bvix I wkï‡`i Rb¨ wKQy GKUv Ki‡Z †Póv Kie|Õ Igi dviæK AevK we¯§‡q nvmv‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡jb, ÔwKš‘ evmvq Avcbvi ¯¿x I †g‡q wK Avcbvi G-B”Qvi K_v Rv‡b? ZvQvov eZ©gvb hy×ve¯’vq Avcwb c¨v‡j÷vB‡b wKQy‡ZB †h‡Z cvi‡eb bv| jywK‡q †mLv‡b XzK‡jI Zv n‡e SzuwKc~Y©| †h-†Kv‡bv mgq cÖvY nviv‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e R`©vb †_‡K Avcwb c¨v‡j÷vBwb‡`i Rb¨ wKQy mvnvh¨ cvVv‡Z cvi‡eb|Õ nvmvb ej‡jb, ÔAvgvi B”QvUv GKvšÍ e¨w³MZ| Zv Avgvi ¯¿x I Kb¨v bv Rvb‡jI Pj‡e| Avwg bv _vK‡jI I‡`i †Kv‡bv Amyweav n‡e bv| eis Iiv A‡bK †ewk fv‡jv _vK‡e| I‡`i cÖwZ Avgvi hZUzKz `vwqZ¡, Zvi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk Avwg K‡iwQ| AvcvZZ c„w_exi gnv`ytmg‡q c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi Amnvq bvix I wkï‡`i Rb¨ wKQy Ki‡Z PvB| G-c„w_exi GKRb AwZZz”Q gvbyl wn‡m‡e G-Avgvi `vwqZ¡| ïay Avcwb Avgvi R`©vb hvIqvi wfmv

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I †cø‡bi wUwK‡Ui e¨e¯’v K‡i w`b| Avi GKUv †QvÆ Aby‡iva, welqwU †Kv‡bvw`b KvD‡K ej‡eb bv|Õ Igi dviæK Av‡e‡M we¯§‡q nvmv‡bi nvZ †P‡c ai‡jb, Zvi g‡b n‡jv A‡bK mgq ev¯ÍeZv iƒcK_v‡KI nvi gvbvq| wZwb nvmv‡bi KvQ †_‡K cvm‡cvU© I cÖ‡qvRbxq A_© MÖnY Ki‡jb| Gici mvsevw`K Igi dviæ‡Ki †Póvq GKRb Uz¨wi÷ wn‡m‡e nvmv‡bi R`©v‡b hvIqvi wfmv †c‡Z wKsev †cø‡bi wUwKU †c‡Z GZUzKz Amyweav nqwb| †cø‡b cÖ_‡g †h‡Z n‡e `yevB, c‡i `yevB †_‡K Ab¨ †cø‡b R`©v‡bi Av¤§vb| me e¨e¯’vB myPviæfv‡e K‡i‡Qb Igi dviæK| nvmv‡bi Aby‡iv‡a e¨vcviUv wZwb Kv‡iv Kv‡Q duvm K‡ibwb| nvmv‡bi g‡b n‡jv, ¯§„wZåg I welYœZv Qvov Zuvi Avi †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bB| Zuvi GB gyn~‡Z©i GKwUB j‡ÿ¨i K_v g‡bi g‡a¨ myZxeªfv‡e †Mu‡_ Av‡Q Avi Zv n‡jv c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi wbiciva Amnvq gvbyl| G‡`i ga¨ w`‡qB wZwb c„w_exi wecbœ gvbeZvi †mev Ki‡Z Pvb| nvmvb Zuvi GB AwfhvÎvi K_v evwo‡Z KvD‡K e‡jbwb| bvRgv‡K ïay e‡j‡Qb, wZwb A‡bKw`b ci ewikv‡j Zuvi GK cyi‡bv eÜzi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z hv‡”Qb| wdi‡Z GKUz †`wi n‡Z cv‡i| Iiv †hb Zuvi Rb¨ `ywðšÍv bv K‡i| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z nvmvb mv‡n‡ei hvÎvi w`b P‡j G‡jv| †mw`b mKv‡j Zuvi g‡b n‡jv, wZwb †hb Zuvi ZviæY¨ wd‡i †c‡q‡Qb| GB ZviæY¨‡K m¤^j K‡i wZwb GKvˇi evOvwji gyw³i msMÖv‡g Suvwc‡q c‡owQ‡jb| †mw`b wZwb Amnvq evOvwji c‡ÿ jovB K‡iwQ‡jb| AvR wZwb hv‡”Qb Amnvq c¨v‡j÷vBwb‡`i cv‡k `uvov‡Z| nvmv‡bi g‡b n‡jv, me Møvwb I †e`bv Zuvi Rxeb †_‡K we`vq wb‡q‡Q| AvR wZwb GK msKxY© ÿz`ª Rxeb †_‡K gnvRxe‡bi w`‡K hvÎv Ki‡eb| mKvj `kUvq wZwb GKwU mvaviY e¨vM Kuv‡a †cÖmK¬v‡ei mvg‡b G‡m `uvov‡jb| Zuvi Rb¨ A‡cÿv KiwQ‡jb mvsevw`K Igi dviæK| `yRb GKUv njy` K¨v‡e †P‡c wegvbe›`‡ii D‡Ï‡k iIbv n‡jb| nvmv‡bi g‡b n‡jv, AwZwelYœ I Møvwbgq Rxeb †_‡K Zuvi G-AwfhvÎv wek¦gvbeZvi c‡ÿ jovB‡qi Rb¨| r

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LeiUv Rvbv Zvi Rb¨B `iKvwi| bvbv dvB‡j fiv Pvgovi e¨v‡Mi wdZvUv Kuva †_‡K mwi‡q N‡i hvIqvi c‡_ Zv bvwg‡q †m ivbœvN‡i †Xv‡K| Zvi ci‡b †bwf eøy i‡Oi ccwj‡bi †iBb †KvU, Zvi wb‡P a~mi †mv‡qU c¨v›U Avi cv‡q mv`v Ry‡Zv| †ZwÎk eQi eq‡m Zv‡K †`Lv‡”Q Ggb gwnjvi g‡Zv, hv †m KL‡bvB n‡Z Pvqwb| wRg †_‡K wd‡i‡Q †m| ïay †Vuv‡Ui Pvicv‡k µ¨vb‡ewi wjcw÷‡Ki Avfv ZL‡bv †evSv hv‡”Q| KvRj †j‡Þ Av‡Q †Pv‡Li wb‡Pi cvZvq| cvwU© †kl n‡j A_ev ev‡i cy‡iv ivZ KvUv‡bvi ci gv‡Sg‡a¨B Zv‡K G-iƒ‡c †`Lv †hZ, myKzgvi fv‡e| ZLb Ggb Ajm n‡q coZ †h, gyL †avqvi †P‡q eis

myKzgv‡ii Avwj½‡b aiv w`‡ZB †ewk Drmvn _vKZ Zvi| Wv‡K Avmv wPwVc‡Îi w`‡K bv ZvwK‡qB †Uwe‡ji Ici †m¸‡jv ivLj †kvfv| Zvi `„wó ZL‡bv Ab¨ nv‡Z aiv †bvwUkUvi w`‡K| ÔwKš‘ Zviv w`‡bI †givg‡Zi KvRUv Ki‡Z cviZ|Õ ÔZzwg ej‡Z PvBQ, hLb Avwg evmvq _vwKÕ, myyKzgvi ejj| †fovi gvsmfwZ© cvÎUv †m Kv‡Pi XvKbv w`‡q Ggbfv‡e Xv‡K †hb Lye mvgvb¨ ev®ú †e‡iv‡Z cv‡i| MZ Rvbyqvwi †_‡K myKzgvi evmvq e‡mB KvR Ki‡Q| fvi‡Z K…wlf‚wg wb‡q msNwUZ wecøe Zvi M‡elYvi welqe¯‘| GLb M‡elYvi P‚ovšÍ Aa¨vq¸‡jv mgv‡ßi †Póv Ki‡Q †m| ÔKLb †_‡K †givgZ ïiæ n‡eÕ Ñ Rvb‡Z PvBj myKzgvi| ÔDwb‡k gvP©, G‡Z ejv i‡q‡Q| AvRB wK Dwbk?Õ wd«‡Ri cv‡k †Svjv‡bv †d«‡g euvav KK©‡ev‡W©i w`‡K GwM‡q †Mj †kvfv| DBwjqvg gwi‡mi Iqvj‡ccv‡ii g‡Zv GKUv K¨v‡jÛvi †mLv‡b †Svjv‡bv| Ggbfv‡e †mUv †`L‡Z _vKj †hb cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv †`L‡Q †m| me‡k‡l Zvi `„wó coj wb‡Pi w`‡K _vKv ZvwiLUvi Ici| eow`‡bi Dcnvi wn‡m‡e Zvi GK eÜz WvK‡hv‡M cvwV‡q‡Q K¨v‡jÛviUv| Aek¨ †kvfv Avi myKzgvi G-eQi eow`‡bi Drm‡e kwiKB nqwb| ÔZvn‡j AvRBÕ, †kvfv †NvlYv Kij | ÔZ‡e hvB †nvK, AvMvgx ïµevi wKš‘ †Zvgvi †Ww›U‡÷i

m‡½ †`Lv Kivi K_v|Õ †kvfvi gy‡L GK_v †kvbvi ciB myKzgvi Zvi `uv‡Zi Ic‡ii As‡k wRnŸv †evjvq| AvR mKv‡jI †m `uvZ gvR‡Z fz‡j †M‡Q| G-NUbv GeviB cÖ_g bq| MZ `yyw`b evmv †_‡K †eiB nqwb| †kvfv hZ †ewk evmvi evB‡i mgq KvUv‡”Q, ZZ †ewk NiKz‡bv n‡”Q †m| GgbwK wPwVcÎ Avb‡Z evwoi †M‡U ev djg~j A_ev IqvBb wKb‡Z Uªwj ÷‡ci cv‡ki †`vKv‡b hvIqvI †m eÜ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Q-gvm Av‡M, MZ †m‡Þ¤^‡i, myKzgvi evwë‡gv‡i GKUv A¨vKv‡WwgK Kbdv‡i‡Ý †hvM †`q| ZLbB †kvfvi cÖme †e`bv I‡V| †kvfv‡K G-Ae¯’vq †d‡j Kbdv‡i‡Ý †m Aek¨ †h‡Z Pvqwb| eDB Zv‡K †V‡j cvwV‡q‡Q| Zvi K_v, GLb †hvMv‡hvM ivLvUv Riæwi| KviY AvMvgx eQiB PvKwii evRv‡i bvg‡Z n‡e Zv‡K| †kvfv myKzgvi‡K Avk¦¯Í K‡i e‡jwQj, Zvi Kv‡Q Kbdv‡i‡Ýi Kvh©m~wP I d¬vBU bv¤^vi i‡q‡Q| `iKvi n‡j †hvMv‡hvM Kiv hv‡e| ZvQvov Zvi eÜz wRwjqvb‡K ejv i‡q‡Q| Riæwi wKQy NU‡j nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvIqvi `vwqZ¡UzKz †m-B cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| K¨v‡e K‡i wegvbe›`‡ii w`‡K iIbv †`Iqvi mgq †kvfv nvZ Zz‡j we`vq Rvwb‡q‡Q| †mB mKv‡j we`v‡qi gyn~‡Z© Zvi GK nvZ wQj ùxZ nIqv †c‡Ui Ici| †hb †mUvI Zvi kix‡ii ¯^vfvweK Ask| AšÍtmË¡v †kvfvi m‡½ we`v‡qi `„‡k¨i K_v g‡b G‡jB wd‡i Av‡m K¨vewUi Qwe| jvj i‡Oi Ici bxj †jLv †÷kb IqvMb| myKzgvi‡`i KviwUi Zzjbvq cÖk¯Í ¸nvi g‡Zv| myKzgvi j¤^vq Q-dzU| nvZ¸‡jv G‡Zv `xN© †h wR‡Ýi c‡K‡U †XvKv‡j Zvi A¯^w¯Í †eva nq| G-kixi wb‡qI †cQ‡bi wm‡U e‡m wb‡R‡K Zvi evgb g‡b nw”Qj| KviwU weKb w÷ª‡U IVvi ci †m Kíbv K‡i Ñ GKw`b Zvi Ges †kvfviI GKUv †÷kb IqvM‡bi cÖ‡qvRb co‡e| Mv‡bi ¯‹zj‡k‡l `uv‡Zi Wv³vi †`wL‡q ev”Pv‡`i †cQ‡b ewm‡q Zviv evwo wdi‡e| Mvwoi ûBj aiv _vK‡e Zvi nv‡Z| Avi †kvfv †cQ‡b wd‡i ev”Pv‡`i nv‡Z d‡ji i‡mi c¨v‡KU Zz‡j †`‡e| cuqwÎk eQ‡iI QvÎ _vKvi K‡ói †evSvUv Gi Av‡M Av‡iv fvix n‡Zv wcZ…‡Z¡i G-iK‡gi KvíwbK `„‡k¨| wKš‘ †ng‡šÍi cÖ_gfv‡Mi †mB mKv‡j cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv †m-`„k¨‡K ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡qwQj myKzgvi| †mB mKv‡j hLb MvQ †Q‡q wQj †eªv‡Äi g‡Zv fvix cvZvq| Kg©Pvix‡`i GKRb Zv‡K Lyu‡R †c‡qwQj mfvK‡¶| Zv‡K †m GKLvbv †PŠ‡Kvbv k³ KvMR a‡i w`‡qwQj, hv‡Z †jLv wQj GKUvgvÎ †Uwj‡dvb bv¤^vi| wKš‘ myKzgvi RvbZ GUv nvmcvZv‡ji| myKzgvi hLb e÷‡b wdij ZZ¶‡Y me‡kl| g„Z wkï G‡mwQj c„w_ex‡Z| nvmcvZv‡ji †e‡W †kvqv †kvfv ZLb Ny‡g A‡PZb| †mB cÖvB‡fU iægUv G‡Zv †QvU wQj †h, †kvfvi cv‡k `uvwo‡q _vKvi RvqMvUzKz ch©šÍ wQj bv| nvmcvZv‡ji GB As‡k mšÍvbm¤¢ev †kvfv‡K wb‡q †m Gi Av‡M KL‡bv Av‡mwb| †kvfvi Mf©cwimªe `ye©j _vKvi Kvi‡Y Wv³vi Qywi-KuvwPI Pvwj‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ †`wi n‡q wM‡qwQj| Wv³vi myKzgv‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q †ckv`vi m`q nvwm Dcnvi w`‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, GgbUv A‡bK mgq nq| K‡qK mßv‡ni g‡a¨B †kvfv nuvU‡Z cvi‡e| wKš‘ Zv‡Z Ggb Bw½Z wQj bv †h, fwel¨‡Z †kvfv Avi gv n‡Z cvi‡e bv| myKzgvi weQvbv Qvovi Av‡MB GLb †kvfv †ewi‡q hvq| †PvL Ly‡jB †m †`L‡Z cvq evwj‡ki Ici †kvfvi c‡o _vKv `xNj

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Kv‡jv Pzj| Kíbvq †`‡L cwicvwU †kvfv kniZwj‡Z Zvi Awd‡m e‡m GiB g‡a¨ wZb Kvc Kwd wbt‡kl K‡i‡Q| cvV¨eB‡q UvBcRwbZ fzj-åvwšÍ Lyu‡R †ei KivB Zvi `vdZwiK KvR| kbv³ Kivi mgq iwOb †cbwmj w`‡q †m †hme †KvW †j‡L Zv GKmgq myKzgvi ey‡S wb‡qwQj †kvfvi KvQ †_‡K| †jLv †kl n‡j Zvi M‡elYvcÎwUI †`‡L †`Iqvi cÖwZkÖæwZ w`‡qwQj †kvfv| Kv‡Ri mywbw`©óZvi Kvi‡Y †kvfvi cÖwZ GK ai‡bi wnsmv Abyfe KiZ myKzgvi| KviY Zvi PwiÎUv wVK Gi Dj‡Uv| †m GKRb gvSvwi gv‡bi QvÎ, †h wKbv †Kv‡bv ai‡bi †KŠZ‚nj QvovB nRg K‡i †dj‡Z cviZ A‡bK wKQy| MZ †m‡Þ¤^i ch©šÍ cov‡kvbvq wb‡R‡K m¤ú~Y© DrmM© bv Ki‡jI Aa¨v‡qi mvivsk Ges hyw³Z‡K©i AvDUjvBb¸‡jv AZ¨šÍ cwikÖ‡gi m‡½ †m Zz‡j ivLZ njy` jvBb AuvKv c¨v‡Wi cvZvq| Avi GLb †m weiw³fve bv Avmv ch©šÍ weQvbv AuvK‡o c‡o _v‡K| Rvgv-Kvco ivLvi Avjwgivi cvjøv †kvfv memgq A‡a©K †Lvjv iv‡L| †mB †Lvjv cvjøv w`‡q †m ckwg R¨v‡KU I †gvUv mywZ Kvc‡oi cvRvgv ivLv Zv‡Ki w`‡K GK`„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q _v‡K| GB †m‡g÷v‡i K¬vm wb‡Z GLvb †_‡K wKQy †ei K‡i ci‡Z n‡”Q bv Zv‡K| ev”PvUv Ggb mgq gviv †Mj hLb wk¶KZv †_‡K m‡i `uvovevi g‡Zv mgqUzKzI wQj bv| Z‡e Zvi Dc‡`óv mewKQyi e¨e¯’v Ggbfv‡e K‡i‡Q †h, MÖx®§Kvjxb †m‡g÷v‡i †m †hvM w`‡Z cvi‡e| MÖ¨vRy‡qU ¯‹z‡j GUv myKzgv‡ii lô eQi| ÔGB MÖx®§ †Zvgv‡K GwM‡q †b‡eÕ, Zvi Dc‡`óv G-K_vB e‡j‡Qb| ÔAvMvgx †m‡Þ¤^‡ii g‡a¨ Zzwg me †kl Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Õ wKš‘ GLb Avi †Kv‡bv wKQy‡ZB Drmvn cvq bv myKzgvi| Gi e`‡j †m fv‡e Kxfv‡e GB wZb Kvgivi evmvq †m Avi †kvfv ci¯úi‡K Gwo‡q Pj‡Z wk‡L‡Q| Zviv h_vm¤¢e †Póv K‡i c„_K †d¬v‡i _vKvi| †m fv‡e, GLb Avi †m D`MÖxe n‡q A‡c¶v K‡i bv mvßvwnK QywUi w`bwUi Rb¨| QywUi w`‡bI GLb †kvfv iwOb †cbwmj Avi dvBj wb‡q †mvdvq e‡m NÈvi ci NÈv mgq KvUvq cÖæd wiwWs‡qi KvR K‡i| †m-mgq GKUv †iKW© Pvcv‡ZI myKzgv‡ii fq K‡i cv‡Q †kvfv fv‡e Zvi m‡½ iƒp AvPiY Kiv n‡”Q| †m fv‡e, KZw`b Av‡M me©‡kl †kvfv Zvi †Pv‡Li w`‡K ZvwK‡qwQj Avi †n‡mwQj| Nygv‡bvi Av‡M GL‡bv Zviv gv‡Sg‡a¨ wgwjZ nq| myKzgv‡ii g‡b †bB, G-iKg gyn~‡Z© me©‡kl K‡e †kvfv wdmwdwm‡q Zvi bvg wb‡qwQj| cÖ_gw`‡K †m wek¦vm KiZ, G-Ae¯’vi Aemvb NU‡e| Gme KvwU‡q Zviv Avevi wdi‡Z cvi‡e ¯^vfvweK m¤ú‡K©| †kvfvi eqm gvÎ †ZwÎk| Avevi †m k³fv‡e Pjv‡div Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ †mUv mvšÍ¡bv bq| Ae‡k‡l myKzgvi hLb weQvbv Qvoj ZLb cÖvq jv‡Âi mgq| weQvbv †Q‡o †m †mvRv P‡j hvq Kwdc‡Ui w`‡K| †kvfvi †i‡L hvIqv evowZ KwdUzKz †m †X‡j †bq Lvwj g‡M| nv‡Zi g‡a¨ †cuqv‡Ri †Lvmv Rwg‡q Zv AveR©bvi evjwZi g‡a¨ †d‡j myKzgvi| †fovi gvsm †_‡K †ei Kiv Pwe©hy³ †Zbv i‡q‡Q evjwZi Ic‡ii w`‡KB| wm‡¼i cvwb †Q‡o Zv‡Z Qywi I KvwUs †evW© ay‡q †d‡j| Zvici AvaLvbv †jey wP‡c †`q nv‡Zi AvOz‡ji WMvq| D‡Ïk¨ nvZ †_‡K †cuqv‡Ri MÜ Zvov‡bv| G †KŠkjUv †m wk‡L‡Q †kvfvi KvQ †_‡K| m‡Ü mv‡o mvZUv| Rvbvjv w`‡q big Kv‡jv AvKvkUv †`L‡Z _v‡K †m| iv¯Ívi av‡i GL‡bv Ge‡ov-†Le‡ov wKQy Zzlvi R‡g Av‡Q| Z‡e n¨vU ev Møvfm QvovB Pjv‡divi g‡Zv Mig c‡o‡Q| †Mj ZzlviS‡o iv¯Ívi cÖvq wZb dzU †f‡O c‡o‡Q av‡ii miæ b`©gvq| GjvKvi †jvKRb‡K MZ mvZw`b ZvB GK jvB‡b miæ c‡_ mvwie×fv‡e Pjv‡div Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| MZ mßv‡n Ni †Q‡o bv †ei nIqvi

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ARynvZ wn‡m‡e G‡KB `uvo Kwi‡qwQj myKzgvi| wKš‘ GLb b`©gv cÖk¯Í n‡q‡Q| ¯^vfvweKfv‡e cvwbI hv‡”Q Zv w`‡q| ÔAvUUvi g‡a¨ gvsm ivbœv †kl n‡e bv| Avgv‡`i g‡b n‡”Q AÜKv‡i e‡mB †L‡Z n‡eÕ, ej‡jv myKzgvi| ÔAvgiv †gvgevwZ R¡vjv‡Z cvwiÕ, †kvfv DËi w`‡jv| Pzj †Q‡o w`‡jv| w`‡bi †ejv †m Pzj †Luvcv K‡i iv‡L| wdZv wXj bv K‡iB cv †_‡K Ly‡j †d‡j Ry‡Zv‡Rvov| wmuwoi w`‡K †h‡Z †h‡Z e‡j, Ôwe`y¨r P‡j hvIqvi Av‡MB †Mvmj †m‡i †be| Zvici wb‡P bvge|Õ †kvfvi e¨vM I Ry‡Zv‡Rvov myKzgvi wd«‡Ri cv‡k mwi‡q iv‡L| Av‡M GiKg wQj bv †kvfv| evmvq wd‡i †KvU ivLZ n¨vOv‡i, Ry‡Zv ev‡·| †h-†Kv‡bv wej Avmvi m‡½ m‡½ Zv cwi‡kva KiZ| Avi GLb Ggbfv‡e Pjv‡div K‡i †hb †eov‡Z G‡m †nv‡U‡j D‡V‡Q| bxj I †giæb i‡Oi ZzwK© Kv‡c©‡Ui m‡½ njy` Kvc‡o Av”Qvw`Z Avg©‡PqviwU †h †egvbvb Zv wb‡qI Zvi gv_ve¨_v †bB| evmvi †cQ‡bi eviv›`vq _vKv boe‡o †kBRwU‡Z GL‡bv c‡o Av‡Q mv`v †KuvPKv‡bv e¨vMwU| †jBm jvMv‡bv e¨vMwU A‡bKw`b Av‡M †kvfv wK‡bwQj c`©v evbv‡e e‡j| †kvfvi †Mvm‡ji mgq myKzgvi †Mj wb‡Pi ev_iæ‡g| wm‡¼i wb‡P bZzb GK ev· Uz_eªvk Lyu‡R †cj| m¯Ív eªvk| weªmj k³| eªvk Ki‡Z wM‡q gvwo‡Z e¨_v †cj| mvgvb¨ i³ †ewi‡q‡Q Zv †evSv †Mj †ewm‡b| †jvnvi ev‡· G-ai‡bi Av‡iv eªvk Rgv‡bv| g~j¨n«v‡mi mgq †kvfv wK‡bwQj G¸‡jv| ågYKvixiv †kl gyn~‡Z© †Kv_vI ivZ KvUv‡bvi wm×všÍ wb‡jB †Kej G-ai‡bi eªvk †K‡b| †kvfvi ¯^fveUvB GiKg| Zvi Pwi‡Îi aibUvB AevK Kivi Ñ KL‡bv fv‡jv, KL‡bv g›`| hw` KL‡bv Zvi †Kv‡bv ¯‹vU© ev cvm© cQ›` n‡q hvq †m †K‡b `y‡Uv| wb‡Ri bv‡g †h ¯^Zš¿ e¨vsK A¨vKvD›U i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b †m Rgvq PvKwii †evbv‡mi me UvKv| myKzgv‡ii Aek¨ G wb‡q †Kv‡bv †¶vf †bB| evev gviv hvIqvi ci Zvi gv c‡owQ‡jb AK‚j cv_v‡i| †h-evwo‡Z †m eo n‡q‡Q Zv wewµ K‡i gv wd‡i wM‡qwQ‡jb KjKvZvq| myKzgvi †_‡K wM‡q evwo wewµi UvKvq Zvi cov‡kvbv, _vKv-LvIqvi LiP Pvwj‡q‡Q| †kvfv †h Zvi gv‡qi g‡Zv A‡MvQv‡jv bq, e¨vcviUv †m cQ›`B K‡i| myKzgvi wew¯§Z nq Zvi AvMvg fvebvi G ¶gZvq| BZvwjqvb, bv BwÛqvb Ñ Kx ivbœv n‡”Q, Zvi Ici evRvi-m`vB KiZ †kvfv| †nu‡mj fiv _vKZ AwZwi³ Awjf I Kb©A‡q‡ji †evZ‡j| wewfbœ mvB‡Ri bvbv i‡Oi †c¯Ívi AmsL¨ ev·, †Pb jvMv‡bv evmgwZ Pv‡ji e¯Ív, gymjgvb KmvB‡`i KvQ †_‡K †Kbv †fov Avi QvM‡ji gvsm UzK‡iv UzK‡iv K‡i †K‡U fiv‡bv _vKZ AmsL¨ cøvw÷‡Ki †VvOvq| c¶Kvj cici cÖwZ kwbevi Zviv Ggbme †`vKv‡b †hZ hvi w`‡K nq‡Zv †Kv‡bvw`b `„wóB c‡owb myKzgv‡ii| A‡bK A‡bK Lvevi wKbZ †kvfv| Avi myKzgvi Awek¦vmx `„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q _vKZ| wf‡oi g‡a¨ K¨vbfv‡mi e¨vM nv‡Z †kvfvi †cQb †cQb NyiZ myKzgvi| `vwo-†Muvd MRvqwb Ggb †dvKjv `uv‡Zi †Q‡jiv ev`vwg KvM‡R †gvov Avjy‡evLviv, Av`v I Bqvg cvjøvq Zz‡j G‡Ki ci GK MwQ‡q w`Z †kvfvi e¨v‡M| mKv‡ji †iv‡` `uvwo‡q Zv‡`i m‡½ `i`vg KiZ myKzgvi| evRv‡ii wf‡o KbyB‡qi ¸u‡Zv‡K GgbwK AšÍtmË¡v Ae¯’vqI cvËv w`Z bv †kvfv| `xN©Kvq †m| Kuva PIov| fvix wbZ¤^ †`‡L ¯¿x‡ivM we‡klÁ gšÍe¨ K‡iwQ‡jb gv nIqvi Dchy³ Zvi kixi| evRvi †_‡K †divi c‡_ Mvwo hLb Pvj©‡mi c‡_ euvK wbZ µq Kiv Lvev‡ii cwigvY †`‡L Pg‡K †hZ `yRbB|

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myKzgv‡ii Aek¨ Zv K‡i bv| MZ Rvbyqvwi‡Z jvB‡eªi‡Z KvR e‡Üi ci †m cwiKwíZfv‡e G-iæ‡gB emvq covi †Uwej| Gi GKUv KviY NiwU‡Z ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva K‡i †m| Ab¨ KviYUv n‡jv †kvfv NiUv Gwo‡q P‡j| ivbœvN‡i wd‡i myKzgvi Wªqvi †Lv‡j| KuvwP, eªvk Avi nvgvbw`¯Ívi wf‡o †m †gvgevwZ †Luv‡R| †kvfv hLb ivbœv KiZ, imyb Avi GjvP †_uZjv‡Z KjKvZv †_‡K Avbv nvgvbw`¯ÍvUv Kv‡R jvMZ| myKzgvi e¨vUvwiwenxb GKUv d¬¨vk jvBU Avi A‡a©K Lvwj Rb¥w`‡bi †gvgevwZi ev· Lyu‡R cvq| MZ †g gv‡m Zvi Rb¥w`‡b ûUnvU cvwU©i Av‡qvRb K‡i Zv‡K AevK K‡i w`‡qwQj †kvfv| cvwU©‡Z G‡mwQj GKk wek Rb| mevB eÜz A_ev eÜzi eÜz| Avi GLb GB eÜz‡`i cwiKwíZfv‡e Gwo‡q P‡j Zviv| eidfiv cv‡Î wfb‡nv fv‡`ªi †evZj Dcyo K‡i fiv n‡qwQj| †kvfvi ZLb cuvP gvm| gvwU©wb Møv‡m †m wRÄvi G‡j cvb K‡iwQj †mw`b| cvwU© Dcj‡¶ Kv÷vW© Avi ¯úvb myMvi wgwj‡q †m evwb‡qwQj f¨vwbjv wµg †KK| myKzgv‡ii AvOz‡j AvOzj Rwo‡q mvivivZ cvwU©‡Z KvwU‡qwQj GB †kvfv| †m‡Þ¤^‡ii ci Zv‡`i GKgvÎ AwZw_ †kvfvi gv| A¨vwi‡Rvbv †_‡K wZwb G‡mwQ‡jb| †kvfv nvmcvZvj †_‡K †divi ci `y-gvm wZwb wQ‡jb| cÖwZiv‡Z wWbvi ˆZwi, mycvi gv‡K©‡U hvIqv, Kvco †avqv Ñ me KvR †m-mgq wZwbB Ki‡Zb| avwg©K wQ‡jb| d¨vKv‡m †e¸wb †Pnvivi GK †`exi Qwe w`‡q wZwb GKwU †QvÆ mgvwa evwb‡qwQ‡jb| †M÷iæ‡gi

mܨvq †Kv‡bv GK mg‡q †kvfv hvq myKzgv‡ii m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z| Zvi Avmvi mvov cvIqvgvÎB Dcb¨vm †d‡j †jLv UvBc ïiæ K‡i myKzgvi| †kvfv Zvi Nv‡o nvZ iv‡L| Zvici myKzgv‡ii g‡ZvB GK`„‡ó ZvwK‡q _v‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii c`©vi bxj Avfvi w`‡K| GK ev `y-wgwbU †M‡j gšÍe¨ K‡i, ÔLye †ewk cwikÖg K‡iv bv|Õ Zvici †kvfv P‡j hvq weQvbvq| mvivw`‡b †Kej GUzKz mgqB myKzgv‡ii †LuvR †bq †m| n‡e| wb‡R‡`i LveviUv †÷vf †_‡K Zz‡j wb‡R‡`i g‡Zv †L‡q gv‡mi ci gvm KvwU‡q‡Q Zviv| myKzgvi †cøU wb‡q †mvRv P‡j hvq covi †Uwe‡j| †W‡¯‹ †i‡L A‡c¶v K‡i VvÛv nIqvi Rb¨| Zvici cUvcU gy‡L †Zv‡j| Avi †kvfv †cøU wb‡q hvq wjwfsiæ‡g| †Mg †kv †`L‡Z †`L‡Z wKsev iwOb †cbwmj nv‡Z cÖæd wiW Ki‡Z Ki‡Z †m wWbvi †kl K‡i| mܨvq †Kv‡bv GK mg‡q †kvfv hvq myKzgv‡ii m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z| Zvi Avmvi mvov cvIqvgvÎB Dcb¨vm †d‡j †jLv UvBc ïiæ K‡i myKzgvi| †kvfv Zvi Nv‡o nvZ iv‡L| Zvici myKzgv‡ii g‡ZvB GK`„‡ó ZvwK‡q _v‡K Kw¤úDUv‡ii c`©vi bxj Avfvi w`‡K| GK ev `y-wgwbU †M‡j gšÍe¨ K‡i, ÔLye †ewk cwikÖg K‡iv bv|Õ Zvici †kvfv P‡j hvq weQvbvq| mvivw`‡b †Kej GUzKz mgqB myKzgv‡ii †LuvR †bq †m| A_P G-mgq myKzgv‡ii AvPiYUvI kxZj| †m Rv‡b, †kvfvi G-†LuvR †bIqv B‡”Qi weiæ‡×| †kvfv N‡ii †`qv‡ji w`‡K ZvKvq| MZ MÖx‡®§ Zviv `yR‡b wg‡j KzPKvIqvRiZ nuvm I Uªv‡¤úU-Wªvg nv‡Z Avb›`iZ Li‡Mv‡ki Qwe w`‡q NiUv mvwR‡qwQj| AvM‡÷i †k‡li w`‡K Rvbvjvi wb‡P bKj †Pwi, wg›UªwMÖb b‡ei GKwU mv`v †Uwej Ges †PKvi KzkbIjv GKwU iwKs †Pqvi ¯’vb cvq NiwU‡Z| †kvfv‡K nvmcvZvj †_‡K wb‡q Avmvi Av‡MB myKzgvi NiwU‡Z cwieZ©b Av‡b| muvovwki mvnv‡h¨ Ly‡j †d‡j Li‡Mvk I nuv‡mi Qwe¸‡jv| G-iæ‡g XzK‡jB †kvfvi †Kgb †hb fq fq K‡i|

†eWmvBW †Uwe‡ji cv‡k ivLv mgvwawU‡Z _vjvq K‡i njy` cvcwo ivLv n‡Zv| fwel¨‡Z ¯^v¯’¨evb bvwZ-bvZwbi Kvgbvq w`‡b `yevi cÖv_©bvq em‡Zb wZwb| eÜzmyjf bv n‡qI myKzgv‡ii m‡½ big e¨envi Ki‡Zb| wWcvU©‡g›Uvj †÷v‡i KvR Kivi AwfÁZvUv †evSv †hZ hLb wZwb myPviæfv‡e fuvR Ki‡Zb myKzgv‡ii †mv‡qUviUv| DB›Uvi †Kv‡Ui nvwi‡q hvIqv †evZvgUv jvMv‡bvi `vwqZ¡UvI wZwbB cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb| RvgvB‡qi Rb¨ ey‡bwQ‡jb a~mi ev`vwg i‡Oi GKUv ¯‹vd©| †Kv‡bv fwbZv QvovB Zv myKzgvi‡K Ggbfv‡e w`‡qwQ‡jb †hb g‡bi fz‡j myKzgviB Kvc‡oi fuv‡R ¯‹vd©Uv †i‡L‡Q| myKzgv‡ii m‡½ †kvfv wel‡q KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv K_vevZ©v nqwb Zvi| ev”Pvi cÖm½ wZwb GKeviB Zz‡jwQ‡jb| eyb‡bi KvR _vwg‡q wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔZzwg †Zv ZLb †kvfvi cv‡k wQ‡j bv|Õ †gvgevwZ Lyu‡R bv †c‡q myKzgvi GKUz Kó †cj| Riæwi gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ mvgvb¨ cÖ¯‘wZI †bqwb †kvfv| Rb¥w`‡bi †gvgevwZ `uvo Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ GKUv wKQy LyuR‡Z _v‡K| wm‡¼i Ic‡i DB‡Ûvwm‡j ivLv AvBwf Mv‡Qi †Mvovq †gvgevwZ¸‡jv ¯’vb cvq| U¨vc †_‡K gvÎ K‡qK Bw `~‡i MvQUv i‡q‡Q| ZviciI cvwbi Afv‡e k³ n‡q Av‡Q Gi gvwU| G‡ZvUvB k³ †h, †gvgevwZ emv‡bvi Av‡M cvwb Xvj‡Z nq| ivbœvN‡ii †Uwe‡j _vKv wRwbmcÎ †m GKw`‡K †V‡j mwi‡q †`q| Gi g‡a¨ Av‡Q wPwVc‡Îi ¯Í‚c, Av‡Q jvB‡eªwii eB| Zvi g‡b c‡o G-†Uwe‡j

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`yR‡bi cÖ_g Avnvi MÖn‡Yi ¯§„wZ| we‡qi ci GKB evmvq _vK‡Z cvi‡e Ñ G-Kíbvq ZLb Zviv fxlY †ivgvwÂZ| LvIqvi †P‡q fv‡jvevmvi AvMÖnUvB ZLb wQj cÖej| jL‡bŠ †_‡K we‡q Dcj‡¶ Zvi GK PvPvi cvVv‡bv GgeªqWvwii KvR Kiv g¨vU †m bvwg‡q †d‡j| AwZw_‡`i Rb¨ Zz‡j ivLv †cøU I Møvm¸‡jvI bvgvq| †Uwe‡ji gv‡S AvBwfUv‡K iv‡L| `kwU †QvU †QvU †gvgevwZi Av‡jvq †Niv _v‡K Zvivi g‡Zv mv`v AvBwf cvZv| wWwRUvj K¬K †iwWIUvi myBP Ab K‡i †m GKwU R¨vR †÷kb wUDb K‡i| ÔKx e¨vcvi, Gme Kx?Õ wb‡P †b‡g †kvfv wR‡Ám K‡i| cvZjv mv`v GKwU †Zvqv‡j‡Z Zvi Pzj †cuPv‡bv| †Zvqv‡jUv Ly‡j †Pqv‡i iv‡L| †fRv Kv‡jv Pzj Qwo‡q c‡o Zvi Kuv‡a| †÷v‡fi w`‡K Avbg‡b GwM‡q hvIqvi mgq Zvi AvOz‡j Rwo‡q _v‡K Pz‡ji RU| ci‡b cwi”Qbœ †mv‡qU c¨v›U, wU-kvU© Ges cyi‡bv d¬v‡b‡ji Kvc‡oi MvDb| GLb Zvi †cU mgvb, wbZ¤^ ïiæi Av‡M †Kvgi miæ| MvD‡bi wdZv AvjMv K‡i miæ †Kvg‡i jvMv‡bv| cÖvq AvUUv ev‡R| fv‡Zi _vjv †Uwe‡j †i‡L MZ iv‡Z gvB‡µvI‡q‡f ivLv Wvj Mig Ki‡Z UvBgvi wVK K‡i myKzgvi| PKP‡K jvjgwi‡Pi †Svj †`‡L †kvfv e‡j I‡V, ÔZzwg †Zv iMvb †Rvk evwb‡q †d‡jQ|Õ myKzgvi Mig GK UzK‡iv gvs‡m `ªæZ AvOzj Pvwj‡q †`q| Pvg‡Pi mvnv‡h¨ Av‡iKUv eo UzK‡iv Zz‡j wbwðZ nq nvo †_‡K gvsm Qvov‡bvi g‡Zv big n‡q‡Q wKbv| Zvici †NvlYv K‡i, Ôgvsm †iwW|Õ jvBU wb‡f hvIqvi wVK AvM gyn~‡Z© wec K‡i I‡V gvB‡µvI‡qf| ZviciB †_‡g hvq Gi wgDwRK| ÔPgrKvi UvBwgsÕ, †kvfv e‡j I‡V| AvBwfi cv‡k ivLv †gvgevwZ¸‡jv R¡vjv‡Z R¡vjv‡Z myKzgvi e‡j, ÔRb¥w`‡bi †gvgevwZ¸‡jvB Lyu‡R †c‡qwQ|Õ ev`evwK †gvgevwZ Avi g¨v‡Pi ev·¸‡jv †m Zvi wb‡Ri †cø‡U iv‡L| IqvB‡bi †Mjv‡mi miæ As‡k AvOzj †evjv‡Z †evjv‡Z †kvfv e‡j, ÔGUv †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bv| †`L‡Z `viæY jvM‡Q|Õ ¯^í Av‡jv| Zey myKzgvi Rv‡b †kvfvi emvi fw½Uv †Kgb| †Pqv‡ii GKUz mvg‡bi w`‡K e‡m‡Q| †Pqv‡ii me‡P‡q wb‡Pi WvmvwU AwZµg K‡i †M‡Q †Mvovwj| euv-KbyBUv †Uwe‡j †Vm †`Iqv| †gvgevwZ LyuR‡Z wM‡q myKzgvi Lyu‡R †c‡q‡Q IqvB‡bi †evZjUv| A_P duvKv †f‡eB Szuwo‡Z nvZ w`‡qwQj †m| `yB †Mvovwji duv‡K †evZjwU †i‡L KK© ¯Œz w`‡q wQwc †Lv‡j| DcwP‡q co‡Z cv‡i †f‡e †Kv‡ji Kv‡Q †Mjvm †i‡L †m fivq| wb‡RivB Zz‡j wb‡q Lvq Zviv| fvZ Zz‡j †bq KuvUv PvgP w`‡q| †Svj †_‡K †ZRcvZv I je½ Avjv`v Kivi mgq ci¯ú‡ii w`‡K Avo‡Pv‡L ZvKvq| wKQy¶Y cici AvBwf c‡U cyu‡Z R¡vjvq Rb¥w`‡bi †gvgevwZ| Gme †`‡L †kvfv e‡j, Ôg‡b n‡”Q fvi‡Z AvwQ| †mLv‡b gv‡Sg‡a¨B GiKg Uvbv K‡qK NÈv we`y¨r _v‡K bv| Avwg GKevi GK AbœcÖvmb Drm‡e wQjvg, cy‡iv DrmeUvB n‡jv AÜKv‡i| †h-wkïi gy‡L fvZ †`Iqv n‡e Mi‡g bv‡Rnvj †ePviv ïay wPrKvi K‡iB Kuv`wQj| hv Mig c‡owQj †mw`b|Õ myKzgvi fv‡e, Zv‡`i ev”Pv KL‡bv Kuv‡`wb| Zv‡`i ev”Pvi AbœcÖvmb DrmeI nqwb| †kvfv wKš‘ AbœcÖvmb Drm‡e Kv‡`i wbgš¿Y Ki‡e Zvi GKUv ZvwjKvI K‡iwQj| Zvi wZb fvB‡qi g‡a¨ †K ev”Pvi gy‡L cÖ_g k³ Lvevi Zz‡j †`‡e ZvI wVK n‡qwQj| †Q‡j n‡j Q-gvm eq‡m Avi †g‡q n‡j mvZ gvm eq‡m

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G-Drme n‡e e‡jI wVK K‡iwQj †kvfv| ÔLvevi wK Lye Mig?Õ myKzgvi †kvfvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvq| R¡jšÍ AvBwf cUUv‡K †m †Uwe‡ji Aci cÖv‡šÍ †V‡j †`q| ¯Í‚c Kiv eBcÎ Avi wPwVc‡Îi †`qv‡j Av‡jv AvU‡K hvIqvq `yR‡bi PvIqv-PvIwq Av‡iv KwVb n‡q c‡o| Ic‡i wM‡q Kw¤úDUv‡ii mvg‡b em‡Z bv-cvivq myKzgv‡ii †gRvR µgk †Z‡Z DV‡Z _v‡K| Ô†L‡Z †ek jvM‡QÕ, †kvfv DËi †`q| †cø‡U KuvUv Pvg‡Pi †UvKv w`‡q †m e‡j I‡V, ÔmwZ¨B Lye my¯^v`y|Õ myKzgvi IqvB‡bi Lvwj †Mjvm f‡i w`‡j †m ab¨ev` Rvbvq| Av‡M Zviv G-iKg wQj bv| †kvfv AvMÖn wb‡q ïb‡e Ggb wKQy ej‡Z GLb myKzgvi‡K ixwZg‡Zv jovB Ki‡Z nq Ñ Ggb wKQy hv ï‡b †m †cøU A_ev cÖæd wiwWs dvBj †_‡K †PvL Zz‡j ZvKv‡e| Avm‡j Avb›``vqK wKQy Kivi †PóvB †m †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q| ÔAvgvi g‡b co‡Q, `vw`evwo‡Z we`y¨r bv _vK‡j Avgv‡`i mevB‡K wKQy bv wKQy ej‡Z n‡ZvÕ, †kvfv e‡j P‡j| myKzgvi †Póv K‡iI Zvi gyL †`L‡Z cvq bv| wKš‘ K_v ejvi fw½‡Z †m Abygvb Ki‡Q kã D”Pvi‡Yi mgq †kvfvi †PvL †QvU n‡q Avm‡Q| †hb A‡bK `~‡ii †Kv‡bvwKQy‡Z Zvi `„wó wbe×| GUv Zvi Af¨vm| Ô†mUv †Kgb?Õ ÔAvwg Rvwb bv| †QvU †Kv‡bv PzUwK| c„w_exi ev¯ÍeZvq AKcU †Kv‡bv mZ¨K_b| Avgvi AvZ¥xqiv AÁvZ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y memgq Avgvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvBZ Av‡gwiKvb eÜz‡`i bvg| †kl †hevi Avgvi dzdzi m‡½ †`Lv n‡jv, wZwb Avgvi Pvi evÜexi bvg Rvb‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| ZLb Avwg UvKm‡b Gwj‡g›Uvwi ¯‹z‡j cwo| †mB evÜex‡`i Kv‡iv bvgB GLb Avgvi g‡b †bB|Õ †kvfvi g‡Zv myKzgv‡ii fvi‡Z _vKvi AwfÁZv †bB| wbD n¨v¤úkvqv‡i ¯’vqxfv‡e emevmKvix Zvi evev-gv Zv‡K †i‡LB fvi‡Z †h‡Zb| wkï Ae¯’vq cÖ_g fviZ hvIqvi ci †m KwVb Avgvk‡q AvµvšÍ nq| G‡Z cÖvq gi‡ZB e‡mwQj †m| bvf©vm cÖK…wZi evevi Zv‡K Avi fviZ †`Lvi mvnm wØZxqevi nqwb| Avevi †Kvb ANUb N‡U Ñ GB f‡q KbK‡W© Zv‡K GK PvPvi evmvq †i‡L fvi‡Z Nyi‡Z †h‡Zb evev-gv| ZiæY eq‡m KjKvZvq MÖx®§ KvUv‡bvi †P‡q †mBwjs K¨v‡¤ú †hvM w`‡q ev ¯‹zwcs AvBmwµg †L‡q mgq KvUv‡bvB Aek¨ Zvi cQ›` wQj| K‡j‡R †kl e‡l© covi mgq evev gviv hvIqvi ci myKzgvi fviZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z AvMÖnx nq| †Kvm© eyK †_‡K fvi‡Zi BwZnvm †m Ggbfv‡e co‡Z ïiæ K‡i †hb Zvi mve‡R± GwUB| GLb Zvi g‡b nq, fvi‡Z ˆkke KvUv‡bvi Mí hw` †mI Ki‡Z cviZ| ÔG‡mv AvgivI †m-iKg KwiÕ, nVvr †kvfv e‡j I‡V| ÔKx Kie?Õ ÔGB AÜKv‡i ci¯úi‡K wKQy ejv|Õ ÔKx eje? Avwg PzUwK-dzUwK wKQy Rvwb bv|Õ Ôbv, bv, †Kv‡bv PzUwK bv|Õ wgwbULv‡bK †f‡e †kvfv ejj, ÔAv‡M ewjwb ev eje e‡j fvwewb Ggb wKQy hw` ci¯úi‡K RvbvB, †Kgb nq|Õ ÔnvB¯‹z‡ji QvÎve¯’vq gvZvj n‡j Avwg GiKg †Ljvq Ask wbZvgÕ, myKzgvi gšÍe¨ K‡i| ÔZzwg mwZ¨ K_v ejvi mvnwmKZvi m‡½ welqwU ¸wj‡q †djQ| e¨vcviUv Zv bq| wVK Av‡Q, AvwgB ïiæ KiwQ|Õ GK PzgyK IqvBb Mjvq †X‡j †kvfv ejj, Ô†Zvgvi GB A¨vcvU©‡g‡›U cÖ_g GKv nIqvi my‡hvM †c‡qB Avwg †Zvgvi A¨v‡Wªm eyK

†Nu‡UwQjvg| †f‡ewQjvg, Zzwg Avgvi wVKvbv wj‡L †i‡LQ| hZ`~i g‡b c‡o GUv Avgv‡`i cwiP‡qi `y-mßvn c‡ii NUbv|Õ ÔZLb Avwg †Kv_vq wQjvg?Õ Ô†Uwj‡dvb ai‡Z Ab¨ N‡i wM‡qwQ‡j| †Zvgvi gv‡qi †dvb wQj| eyS‡Z †c‡iwQjvg KjUv js wW÷¨v‡Ýi| wVKvbv †Nu‡U Avwg eyS‡Z †P‡qwQjvg Zzwg Avgv‡K KZUv ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ wb‡qQ|Õ ÔZv ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ wb‡qwQjvg wK?Õ Ôbv, Z‡e ZL‡bv Avwg †Zvgvi e¨vcv‡i nvj Qvwowb| Gevi †Zvgvi ejvi cvjv|Õ myKzgvi ejvi g‡Zv wKQy Lyu‡R cvq bv| A_P †kvfv cÖZx¶v Ki‡Q| weMZ gvm¸‡jv‡Z †Kv‡bv e¨vcv‡iB G‡ZvUv cÖZ¨qx fve †kvfvi g‡a¨ Avi †`Lv hvqwb| myKzgv‡ii Zv‡K wKBev ejvi Av‡Q? cÖ_g †`Lv nIqvi K_v g‡b coj Zvi| †Kgweª‡R Pvi eQi Av‡M Zvi †`Lv nq| GK`j evOvwj Kwe †mLv‡b KweZv Ave„wË KiwQj| Kv‡Vi †dvwìs †Pqv‡i Zviv cvkvcvwk emv| wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨B myKzgvi wei³ †eva KiwQj| KweZvi gg©K_v †m wKQy‡ZB ai‡Z cviwQj bv| d‡j Ab¨ `k©Kiv †hgb Ave„wËi m‡½ m‡½ `xN©k¦vm †dj‡Q ev †Kv‡bv Ave„Ëvsk ï‡b Av‡e‡M gv_v byB‡q †dj‡Q, †m-iKgUv Zvi n‡”Q bv| †Kv‡j _vKv msev`c‡Î Qvcv wewfbœ kn‡ii ZvcgvÎvi Ici †m †PvL eyjvq| MZKvj wm½vcy‡i GKvbeŸB wWwMÖ, ÷K‡nv‡g GKvbœ| gv_v Nywi‡q euv‡q ZvwK‡q †m AevK n‡jv| cv‡k emv my›`ix †g‡qUv †dvìv‡ii †cQ‡b gyw`i †`vKv‡bi Li‡Pi ZvwjKv ˆZwi‡Z e¨¯Í| Ô†ekÕ, ¯§„wZ †Nu‡U myKzgvi ej‡Z ïiæ Kij| ÔcZz©wMR GjvKvq GKm‡½ Kiv Avgv‡`i cÖ_g wWbvi mvivi ci Avwg I‡qUvi‡K eLwkk w`‡Z fz‡j hvB| ciw`b mKv‡jB Avwg †mLv‡b Avwm Ges †ei K‡i †dwj I‡qUv‡ii bvg| Zvici g¨v‡bRv‡ii Kv‡Q †ePvwii cÖvc¨ eLwkk †i‡L Avwm|Õ Ôïay I‡qUvi‡K eLwkk w`‡Z Zzwg mgviwfj ch©šÍ G‡ZvUv c_ wd‡i wM‡qwQ‡j?Õ ÔK¨ve fvov K‡iwQjvg|Õ ÔI‡qUvi‡K eLwkk w`‡ZB ev Zzwg fz‡j wM‡qwQ‡j †Kb?Õ Rb¥w`‡bi †gvgevwZ¸‡jv wbt‡kl n‡q †M‡Q| †kvfvi gyLveqe ZviciI myKzgv‡ii Kv‡Q ¯úó Ñ cÖk¯Í R¡jR¡‡j †PvL, AvOz‡ii g‡Zv †VuvU, `y-eQi eq‡m †Pqvi †_‡K c‡o _yuZwb †_uZ‡j hvIqvi wPý enbKvix Kgv-wPý; me †m †`L‡Z cv‡”Q ¯úó| myKzgvi fv‡e, w`b‡K w`b †kvfvi †mŠ›`h© wgªqgvY n‡”Q| A_P GB †mŠ›`h© GKw`b Zv‡K we‡gvw`Z K‡iwQj| GKmgq g‡b n‡Zv, GB †mŠ›`‡h©i Rb¨ Km‡gwUK&m evovevwo| GLb †mŠ›`h© evov‡bv bq, †gvUvgywU GKUv Av`j `uvo Kiv‡ZB Km‡gwUK&m Acwinvh©| ÔwWbv‡ii ci Avwg GKai‡bi gRv Abyfe KiwQjvg| g‡b nw”Qj, Avwg †Zvgv‡K we‡q Ki‡Z cvwiÕ, cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv myKzgvi G-NUbv wb‡Ri Kv‡Q, GKB m‡½ †kvfvi mvg‡b cÖKvk Kij| †m ejj, ÔG-Abyf‚wZi Kvi‡Y nq‡Zv Avwg fz‡j wM‡qwQjvg eLwkk w`‡Z|Õ c‡ii iv‡Z †kvfv evmvq †d‡i ¯^vfvwe‡Ki †P‡qI Av‡M| MZ mܨvq ivbœv Kiv †fovi gvsm i‡qB †M‡Q| myKzgvi Zv Ggbfv‡e Mig Ki‡Q †hb mvZUvi g‡a¨ LvIqv hvq| Mj‡Z _vKv Zzlv‡ii ga¨ w`‡q †nu‡U wM‡q †mw`b †m †Kvbvi †`vKvb †_‡K wK‡b G‡b‡Q GK c¨v‡KU †gvg Avi d¬¨vkjvB‡Ui e¨vUvwi| †gvgevwZ¸‡jv cÙdz‡ji g‡Zv †`L‡Z| eªvk‡nvìv‡i `uvo Kwi‡q KvD›Uv‡ii Ici ˆZwi †i‡L‡Q †m| Z‡e Zviv `yR‡b wWbvi mv‡i †Uwe‡ji Ici †Svjv‡bv Zvgvi †kW †`Iqv wmwjs j¨v‡¤úi

Av‡jvq| wWbv‡ii ci †kvfv Zvi †cø‡Ui Ici myKzgv‡ii †cøU †i‡L wb‡q hvq wm‡¼| myKzgvi Zv †`‡L wew¯§Z nq| Zvi aviYv wQj, wWbvi‡k‡l †kvfv P‡j hv‡e wjwfsiæ‡g, Avi e¨¯Í n‡q co‡e cÖæd wiwWs‡qi dvBj wb‡q| ÔwWk wb‡q †fe bvÕ, †kvfvi nvZ †_‡K †m¸‡jv wb‡Z wb‡Z myKzgvi e‡j| ¯ú‡Ä mvgvb¨ wWUvi‡R›U †d‡j †kvfv DËi †`q, Ôbv fvevUv wVK n‡e bv| cÖvq AvUUv ev‡R|Õ myKzgv‡ii ür¯ú›`b ev‡o| mvivw`b a‡i †m A‡c¶v Ki‡Q KLb we`y¨r hv‡e| MZ iv‡Z †kvfv wVKvbv †`Lv wb‡q hv e‡j‡Q Zv wb‡q †f‡e‡Q †m| †m-mg‡qii †kvfv m¤ú‡K© fve‡ZB Zvi fv‡jv jvMwQj| cÖ_g †`Lvi mgq KZ `„pcÖwZÁ A_P bvf©vm, GKBm‡½ Avkvev`x g‡b n‡qwQj †kvfv‡K| wm‡¼i mvg‡b Zviv cvkvcvwk `uvwo‡q| †hb Rvbvjvi †d«g a‡i †i‡L‡Q gyn~Z©Uv| myKzgvi j¾v cvq| Avqbvi mvg‡b cÖ_g †hw`b Zviv `yR‡b GKm‡½ `uvwo‡qwQj †mw`bI GiKg j¾v †c‡qwQj †m| †kl K‡e GKm‡½ Qwe Zz‡j‡Q, Zvi g‡b †bB| cvwU©‡Z hvIqvI †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q| †Kv_vI GLb Zviv GKm‡½ hvq bv| AšÍtmË¡v Ae¯’vq D‡Vv‡b †Zvjv †kvfvi Qwei wdj¥ GL‡bv Zvi K¨v‡givq| †cø‡Ui Lvevi †kl Kivi ci LvwbKUv gv_v byB‡q KvD›Uv‡i ivLv †Zvqv‡ji `y-cÖv‡šÍ nvZ gyQj `yR‡b| wVK AvUUvi mgq Auvavi †b‡g G‡jv| myKzgvi R¡vjv‡jv †gvgevwZ| †gvgevwZi `xN© Av‡jv Zv‡K we‡gvwnZ Kij| ÔevB‡iB ewm| Avgvi g‡b nq m‡Üi GL‡bv †Xi evwKÕ, †kvfv cÖ¯Íve w`‡jv| `yR‡bi nv‡Z †gvgevwZ| wmuwo‡Z emj Zviv| evB‡i ZL‡bv †Qvc †Qvc Zzlvi Rgv| Ggb AvenvIqvq evB‡i emvUv Avð‡h©i eBwK| AvR iv‡Zi m‡ZR evZvm mevB‡K NiQvov K‡i‡Q| DPvUbI †eva Ki‡Q mevB| wfo evo‡Q wm‡bgvq| d¬¨vkjvBU nv‡Z `j‡eu‡a Nyi‡Z †ewi‡q‡Q cÖwZ‡ekxiv| ÔeB †b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Z †`vKv‡b hvw”QÕ, iæcvwj Pz‡ji GK cÖwZ‡ekx e‡j DVj| m‡½ AuvUmuvU †cvkvK civ ïK‡bv †Pnvivi eD| nv‡Z Zvi KzKz‡ii †kKj| eª¨vW‡dvW©m wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ Zviv| MZ †m‡Þ¤^‡i GB `¤úwZ Zv‡`i WvKev‡· mnvbyf‚wZ Rvwb‡q KvW© †d‡jwQj| Ôï‡bwQ eB‡qi †`vKv‡b we`y¨r _v‡KÕ, hyw³ †`q cÖwZ‡ekx| Ônu¨v, ZvB| Zv bv n‡j AÜKv‡iB †Zvgv‡`i eB‡q †PvL †evjv‡Z n‡ZvÕ, DËi w`‡jv myKzgvi| G-K_v ï‡b †n‡m †djj gwnjv| ¯^vgxi KbyB‡qi Ici nvZ eywj‡q ejj, Ô†Zvgiv wK †hvM w`‡Z PvI Avgv‡`i m‡½?Õ Ôbv, ab¨ev`Õ, †kvfv I myKzgvi GKm‡½ e‡j DVj| †kvfvi m‡½ KÉ wg‡j hvIqvq wew¯§Z n‡jv myKzgvi| AÜKv‡i †kvfv AvR Kx ej‡Z cv‡i †f‡e †m †ivgvwÂZ n‡”Q| me‡P‡q gbfvOv Kx ej‡Z cv‡i †m B‡Zvg‡a¨B Zv †f‡e †i‡L‡Q| †kvfv nq‡Zv ej‡e Zvi Av‡iKUv m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| cuqwÎk eQi eq‡mI QvÎ myKzgv‡ii cÖwZ Zvi †Kv‡bv kÖ×v‡eva †bB| kvïwoi g‡Zv `yN©Ubvi mgq evwë‡gv‡i _vKvi Rb¨ nq‡Zv Zv‡K `yl‡e †kvfv| Z‡e myKzgvi Rv‡b ev¯Í‡e Gm‡ei wKQyB NU‡e bv| †kvfv KL‡bv cÖZviYv Ki‡e bv, Awek¦vmx n‡e bv| hv Zvi †¶‡ÎI mZ¨| †kvfv Zv‡K wek¦vm K‡i| †m-B Zv‡K †mmgq evwë‡gv‡i †h‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡iwQj| Zviv ci¯ú‡ii me Rv‡b bv wK? Nygv‡bvi mgq AvOzj euvwK‡q k³ K‡i iv‡L †kvfv, †m Zv Rv‡b| Av‡iv Rv‡b, `yt¯^cœ †`L‡j Ny‡gi †Nv‡iB Zvi kixi gyP‡o I‡V| †m Rv‡b, dzwUi Ici gay Qwo‡q LvIqv

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†kvfvi cQ‡›`i| nvmcvZvj †_‡K wd‡i evmvq Xz‡KB †kjd †_‡K eB, `‡ivRvi †Mvov †_‡K MvQ, †`qvj †_‡K †cBw›Us, †Uwej †_‡K d‡Uv, †÷v‡fi Ici †_‡K û‡K †Svjv‡bv cU I c¨vb mwi‡q njN‡i hvIqvi c‡_ cvjv K‡i †kvfv| myKzgvi m‡i wM‡qwQj mvg‡b †_‡K| †m †`LwQj, †kvfv fxlY wnmve K‡i GKNi †_‡K Ab¨N‡i hv‡”Q| GKmgq Rgv Kiv wRwb‡mi ¯Í‚‡ci mvg‡b `uvwo‡q mš‘wó †eva K‡i †kvfv| †VuvU IjUv‡bv †kvfv‡K †`‡L g‡b nq we¯^v‡` fiv gyL †_‡K _y_y †ewi‡q Avm‡e Gÿzwb| Ggb Ae¯’vq Kuv`‡Z ïiæ K‡i †m| wmuwo‡Z e‡m myKzgv‡ii kxZ †eva n‡”Q| cÖ_g K_vUv †kvfvi gyL †_‡KB †e‡iv‡bv `iKvi| Zvn‡j †mI K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e, †m eyS‡Z cvij| Ae‡k‡l †kvfv ejj, Ô†Zvgvi gv hLb †eov‡Z G‡mwQj, GKw`b Awdm †_‡K wdi‡Z †`wi n‡e e‡j Avwg Rvwb‡qwQjvg| †mw`b Avm‡j Avwg wRwjqv‡bi m‡½ gvwU©wb cvb Ki‡Z wM‡qwQjvg|Õ †kvfvi w`‡K †m ZvKvq| miæ bvK, †Pvqvj A‡bKUv cyiælvwj| Zvi g‡b c‡o hvq †m-iv‡Zi K_v| cici `y‡Uv K¬vm wb‡q wd‡i K¬všÍ Ae¯’vq gv‡qi m‡½ †L‡Z e‡mwQj| †f‡ewQj †kvfv _vK‡e Ges K_vevZ©v w`‡q gvwZ‡q ivL‡e Lvevi †Uwej| †m G-Kv‡R Avbvwo, cUz AcÖvmw½K K_vevZ©v ej‡Z| ev‡iv eQi Av‡M Zvi evev gviv wM‡q‡Q| wZwb G‡mwQ‡jb Zv‡`i m‡½ `y-mßvn _vK‡Z| mevB wg‡j evevi ¯§„wZi cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi GKUv my‡hvM m„wó n‡qwQj †m-mgq| cÖwZ iv‡ZB evevi cQ‡›`i †Kv‡bv ZiKvwi ivbœv Ki‡Zb gv| wKš‘ G‡Zv gb Lvivc _vKZ †h, †mB ZiKvwi gy‡LB Zzj‡Z cvi‡Zb bv wZwb| welYœ †PvL `y‡Uvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q †kvfv Zvi nvZ aiZ Ges mnvbyf‚wZ cÖKvk K‡i ejZ, ÔwelqwU LyeB gg©¯úkx©|Õ GLb †m ¯úó †`L‡Q †kvfv I wRwjqvb ev‡ii ÷ªvBc Kvfv‡ii †mvdvq e‡m| wRwjqvb‡K wmMv‡iU Advi Ki‡Q| wm‡bgv †`‡L GB ev‡i †hZ †m Avi †kvfv| †m Kíbv K‡i, kvïwoi e¨vcv‡i †kvfv Aby‡hvM Ki‡Q wRwjqv‡bi Kv‡Q| Avi wRwjqvb mnvbyf‚wZ †`Lv‡”Q †mme ï‡b| GB wRwjqvbB Zv‡K Mvwo‡Z K‡i nvmcvZvj wb‡qwQj| Ô†Zvgvi cvjvÕ, myKzgv‡ii Kíbvi i_ _vwg‡q †kvfv e‡j| iv¯Ívi gv_v †_‡K Avmv wWªj †gwk‡bi kã Zvi Kv‡b evR‡Q| †m m‡½ B‡jKwUªwkqvb‡`i wPrKvi| iv¯Ív eivei GK jvB‡b `uvwo‡q _vKv evwo¸‡jvi AÜKvi gyL †`L‡Q †m| GK evwoi Rvbvjvq †gvgevwZi Av‡jv| GB Dò AvenvIqvqI evwoi wPgwb †_‡K †ei n‡”Q †auvqv| ÔK‡j‡Ri cÖvP¨ mf¨Zv cix¶vq Avwg Am`ycvq Aej¤^b K‡iwQjvgÕ, †m e‡j| Ô†kl †m‡g÷v‡ii †kl cix¶v wQj †mwU| Gi K‡qK gvm Av‡M evev gviv wM‡qwQj| cv‡k emv †Q‡jwUi LvZv Avwg †`L‡Z cviwQjvg| †Q‡jwU GKUv Av‡gwiKvb g¨vwbqvK| D`©y I ms¯‹…Z fv‡jv RvbZ| cÖkœc‡Î †`Iqv KweZvskUv MRj wKbv Avwg Zv eyS‡Z cviwQjvg bv| Ii LvZv †_‡K Avwg DËiUv bKj K‡iwQjvg|Õ c‡b‡iv eQ‡ii †ewk mgq Av‡Mi NUbv| †kvfv‡K ej‡Z †c‡i †m nvjKv †eva Ki‡Q| †kvfv Zvi w`‡K ZvKvj| gy‡Li w`‡K bq, Zvi RyZvi w`‡K| cyi‡bv †gvKvwm‡bv| Ggbfv‡e †m e¨envi K‡i †hb RyZv bq, G¸‡jv wmøcvi| †cQ‡bi Pvgov ¯’vqxfv‡e e‡m †M‡Q| hv ejj Zv‡Z wK †kvfv weeªZ †eva Ki‡Q, myKzgvi fv‡e| †kvfv Zvi nvZ †U‡b wb‡q Pvc †`q| Zvi Kv‡Q m‡i Avm‡Z Avm‡Z †m e‡j, Ô†Kb K‡iwQ‡j Zv Avgv‡K ejvi `iKvi †bB|Õ bqUv ch©šÍ Zviv `yR‡b GKm‡½ e‡m _v‡K| we`y¨r G‡j

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šÍby Kvqmvi| GB bv‡gB Zuvi L¨vwZ, cwiwPwZ Ges mvwnwZ¨K cÖwZôv N‡U| hw`I Zuvi cÖKZ … bvg wQj †gv. Ave`yi iv¾vK| cÖvwZôvwbK cÖ‡qvRb Qvov cÖKZ … bvg wZwb e¨envi Ki‡Zb bv| ¯^fv‡e jvRyK, wKQyUv †bc_¨Pvix Ges ¯úófvlx wQ‡jb kvšÍby Kvqmvi| AvÇvq, Av‡jvPbvq Zuv‡K KL‡bv gyLi wKsev mie n‡Z †`Lv hvqwb| Z‡e g‡Â e³…ZvKv‡j Zuvi e¨wZµgx wfbœ `„wó‡KvY, Mfxi we‡kølY, †kÖvZv-`k©K‡`i gy» Ges we‡gvwnZ KiZ| cÖPwjZ mgv‡Ri m‡½ Lvc bv LvIqv I FRy ¯^fv‡ei GK Abb¨mvaviY PwiÎ wb‡q †e‡o D‡VwQ‡jb kvšÍby Kvqmvi| bv, Kv‡iv m‡½ †gjv‡bv hvq bv Zuv‡K| †jvf I jv‡fi c‡_ nuv‡Ubwb wZwb| mvgvwRK AmsMwZ, Aeÿq, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbvwe‡ivax‡`i Avùvjb Ñ Gm‡ei wb›`v Ges K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPK wQ‡jb wZwb| ejv hvq, wZwb cÖ_vMZ mgv‡Ri Dj‡Uv †mªv‡Zi hvÎx wQ‡jb| kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii Rb¥ 1950 mv‡ji 30 wW‡m¤^i, eZ©gvb Puv`cyi †Rjvi dwi`MÄ Dc‡Rjvi mvPb‡gN (mvRb‡gN) MÖv‡g| wcZv †gv. wmivRyj nK| wZwb evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi Kg©Pvix wQ‡jb| gv †gvmv¤§r gvKmy`v LvZzb| kvšÍby Kvqmvi XvKv K‡j‡R GKv`k †kÖwY‡Z Aa¨qbKv‡j Zuvi gv‡K nvivb| Zuvi gv wQ‡jb Av`k©wgZe¨qx wkÿvbyivMx GK mšÍvbermj gv| kvšÍby Kvqmvi GK

RvqMvq D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb †h, Zuvi evev Zuvi gv‡qi Rb¨ GKUz †ewk `vg w`‡q GKwU kvwo wK‡b w`‡j wZwb †mB kvwo †diZ w`‡q †mB `v‡g `ywU kvwo Avbvi e¨e¯’v K‡ib| Gfv‡e UvKv euvwP‡q wZwb Zuvi mšÍvb‡`i †jLvcovi †cQ‡b e¨q K‡i‡Qb| kvšÍby Kvqmvi Av‡iv D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb †h, Zuvi gv‡qi Kv‡QB Zuv‡`i mKj fvB‡qi nv‡ZLwo nq| fvB‡qiv wQ‡jb PviRb Ñ Rwniæj nK, gywReyj nK, kvšÍby Kvqmvi I †bmvi Avn‡g`| (avbwmuwo, 2013) kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii ¯¿xi bvg mv‡jnv †eMg cvwL| `yB cyÎ A`y` ivqnvb (D¾¡j) I †mv‡nj ivqnvb (iv‡mj) Ges Kb¨v mvnvbv bvwM©m (Av‡jv)| wZwb G. gv‡jK Bbw÷wUDU, jvKmvg, Kzwgjøv †_‡K 1966 mv‡j gva¨wgK Ges D”P gva¨wgK K‡ib XvKv K‡jR †_‡K 1968 mvj| Zvici XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ (Abvm©mn) mœvZK (1971) Ges mœvZ‡KvËi (1972) wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Zuvi mncvVx‡`i g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jb ¯^bvgab¨ Aa¨vcK W. ˆmq` gbRyiæj Bmjvg I PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aa¨vcK KvRx gy¯vÍ Bb wejøvn| wkÿvRxeb †kl K‡i wZwb Aa¨vcbv‡K Rxe‡bi eªZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡jI mvwnZ¨B n‡q I‡V Zuvi AvZ¥cÖKvk I AvZ¥weKv‡ki cÖavb †ÿÎ| DËiKv‡j eªvþYevwoqv Ges Kzwgjøvi wewfbœ miKvwi K‡j‡R Aa¨vcbv I Aa¨ÿ wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| AemiMÖn‡Yi ci

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wZwb LÐKvjxb Aa¨vcK wn‡m‡e RMbœv_ wek¦we`¨vjq I Kzwgjøv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Bs‡iwR wefv‡M wKQyw`b KvR K‡ib| †ckvMZ cwiP‡qi evB‡i kvšÍby Kvqmvi cÖavb n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb g~jZ GKRb m„Rbkxj †jLK, bvU¨Kvi I †gavex gbbkxj M`¨wkíx wn‡m‡e| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i QvÎ Ges wkÿKZv Ki‡jI kvšÍby Kvqmvi mgKvjxb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i GKRb ¸iæZ¡cY~ © †jLK n‡q I‡Vb| QvÎRxe‡b XvKv K‡j‡R wkÿK wn‡m‡e wZwb †c‡qwQ‡jb kIKZ Imgvb‡K (1917-98) Ges wek¦we`¨vj‡q wmivRyj Bmjvg †PŠayix‡K| G `yRb wkÿ‡Ki †mœnmvwbœ‡a¨ kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii †jLKmËv M‡o I‡V| GKR‡bi KvQ †_‡K wZwb †c‡qwQ‡jb m„Rbkxj Aby‡cÖiYv, Ab¨R‡bi KvQ †_‡K wb‡qwQ‡jb gbbkxjZvi cvV| Z…Zxq gxi (1994) MÖ‡š’i DrmM©c‡Î wcÖq wkÿ‡Ki cÖwZ kÖ×v Rvbv‡Z wM‡q kvšÍby Kvqmvi wj‡L‡Qb Ñ kIKZ Imgvb huvi Kv‡Q cvV¨eB‡qi cwie‡Z© Rxeb c‡owQ| ZiæY eq‡m, KweZv w`‡q †jLv‡jwL ïiæ Ki‡jI cieZx©K © v‡j mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨vb¨ kvLvq bvbviKg wbixÿv K‡i‡Qb kvšÍby Kvqmvi| Zuvi cÖKvwkZ MÖšm ’ g~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Ñ KweZv : ivLv‡ji AvZ¥PwiÎ (1982), ïf myeY©RqšÍx (2002)| KweZvq Zuvi welqfvebvi MfxiZv ü`q‡K ¯úk© K‡i| †hgb Ñ GZÿ‡Y wbðq euvk-Uuvk KvUv n‡q hv‡e, AwšÍg †Mvm‡ji

Rb¨ aivawi K‡i mevB Avgv‡K wb‡q hv‡e c`©vi Avov‡j Zvici Ab¨ Lv‡U ï‡q ï‡q Kei¯’v‡b hve, Avgv‡K bvwe‡q

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ZL‡bv wK wbtm½ evZvwe‡jey MvQwUi g‡Zv ZzwgI GKjv `uvwo‡q _vK‡e Kzmgy ? fve‡e bv, AvMvgx w`b¸‡jv Kx K‡i Pj‡e? (ÔAwšÍg hvÎvÕ, ivLv‡ji AvZ¥PwiZ) GLv‡b g„Z¨z wPšÍvi m‡½ †cÖg-wei‡ni RvMwZK I gvbweK Abyfe, bZzb GK ms‡e`bkxjZv ü`q‡K wm³ K‡i| hw`I DËiKv‡j KweZvq Zuvi †Kv‡bv ¯^Zš¿ Kɯ^i aŸwbZ nqwb| †QvUMí : kÖxbv_ cwЇZi cÖvYcvwL (1987), dzj nv‡m, cvwL Wv‡K (2001), Aa©kZvãx (2010)| M‡í Zuvi ch©‡eÿY ÿgZv, Rxeb‡eva I M`¨fvlvi wbR¯^Zv we`¨gvb wQj| wKš‘ cieZx©Kv‡j kvšÍby Kvqmvi †Kb †h Mí †jLvq AMÖmi n‡jb bv, Rvwb bv| Dcb¨vm : H b~Z‡bi †KZb I‡o (2006), Îqx (2008)| RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi AvZ¥PwiZ ev A‡Uvev‡qvMÖvwd wn‡÷vwi wb‡q H b~Z‡bi †KZb I‡o iwPZ| †gvU wZbwU c‡e© Dcb¨vmwU web¨¯Í n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g ce© ÔˆR¨‡ôi SoÕ, wØZxq ce© Ôm„wó my‡Li Djøv‡mÕ Ges Z…Zxq c‡e©i bvg ÔAvwg wPiZ‡iÕ| MVbweb¨v‡mi ¯^vZš¿¨ QvovI G-Dcb¨v‡m bRiæ‡ji m„Rb-gb‡bi wfbœ GK ¯^iƒc‡K D‡b¥vwPZ K‡i‡Qb kvšÍby Kvqmvi| Îqx wZbwU b‡f‡jU Ñ †bB, cÖwZØ›Øx Ges `k©‡bi `k©b| K_¨ixwZi wbixÿv wZbwU Dcb¨vm‡K ¯^vZš¿¨ gh©v`vq Awfwl³ K‡i‡Q| bvUK : bvU¨Îqx (2012)| evsjv GKv‡Wwg †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Îqx bvU‡Ki g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q mvRb‡gN, iƒcvšÍi I Avgiv| wZbwU bvUKB gyw³hy‡×i cUf‚wg‡Z iwPZ| Ôf‚wgKvÕq wZwb D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Ñ ¯ú¨vwbk bvU¨Kvi †jv‡c †` †fMvi K…lKbvU¨ dz‡q‡šÍ AwfRybvi Abyev` Ki‡Z wM‡q †`wL, †ek K‡qK kZvãxi Av‡Mi G-NUbvi m‡½ Avgv‡`i gyw³hy‡×i mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q| a‡g©i ¯’j ‚ ¯^v_©ciZv I fÐvwgi cwie‡Z© gvwUi gvby‡li m`vPvi †hgb Rxe‡bi byb, †Zgwb gyw³hy‡×iI †cÖiYv| †m-mgq Avgvi g‡b gyw³hy× wb‡q bvUK iPbvi †cÖiYv Rv‡M|

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AZtci Avwg cici wj‡L †dwj wZbwU bvUK Ñ mvRb‡gN, iƒcvšÍi I Avgiv| (ÔKvqmviÕ, 2012) mvRb‡gN kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii wb‡Ri MÖvg‡K wb‡q †jLv Kíbv I fv‡jvevmvi m„wó| gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvwK¯Ívwb †mbviv nVvr wb¯Íi½ MÖv‡g Xz‡K wbwe©Pv‡i mvaviY gvby‡li Ici AZ¨vPvi Pvjvq| bvU‡K gyw³evwnbx AvµgY K‡i ivRvKvi Kv‡kg Avjx‡K nZ¨v K‡i; wKš‘ nZ¨vi K_v †KD ¯^xKvi K‡i bv| Zviv hv K‡i‡Q, Zv †Kv‡bv e¨w³gvby‡li Rb¨ K‡iwb, cy‡iv mvRb‡gN MÖv‡gi Rb¨ K‡i‡Q, mviv‡`‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨ K‡i‡Q| hw` K¨v‡Þb wR‡Ám K‡i Ñ †K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q? Zviv mgwóK‡É ej‡e Ñ ÔmvRb‡gNÕ| nvwd‡Ri msjvc : Avgiv GKev‡K¨ Reve w`gy, mvRb‡gN| e¨w³MZfv‡e Avgiv †KD Zv Kwi bvB, AvgvM RvwZi KÉ hviv PvBcv ai‡Z PvBwQj Zv‡Mv‡i Avgiv mgwóMZfv‡e DrLvZ KiwQ| Qvqvmywbweo GB MÖv‡g hviv Av¸b jvMvB‡Z AvBwQj †g‡Ni eRª Zv‡Mv‡i AvNvZ Ki‡Q| Kv‡kg Avjx‡i †K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q? mevB : mvRb‡gN| (ÔKvqmviÕ, 2012, bvU¨Îqx) GB mgwóMZ D”Pvi‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q gyw³hy× Rbhy‡× iƒc jvf K‡i| kvšÍby Kvqmvi Zuvi bvU‡K gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv‡K Gfv‡e ˆkwíK cwiPh©v K‡i‡Qb| mvRb‡gN PÆMÖv‡gi Awi›`g bvU¨‡Mvôx gÂvwqZ K‡i| iƒcvšÍi bvUKwU widvZ Avwg‡bi wb‡`©kbvq eªvþYevwoqv mvwnZ¨ GKv‡Wwg gÂvqb K‡i| wZZvm GKwU b`xi bvg (A‰ØZ gjøeg©‡Yi Dcb¨vm Aej¤^‡b) (1994)| GwUI Kzwgjøv UvDbnj, wkíKjv GKv‡Wwg g‡Â A‡bKevi gÂvwqZ nq| Ab~w`Z bvUK dz‡q‡šÍ AwfRybv †kK&mwcq‡ii mgKvjxb ¯ú¨vwbk bvU¨Kvi †jv‡c †` †fMvi (1562-1635) bvUK| cÖvq cuvP‡kv eQi Av‡M wfbœ GK ivR‰bwZK cUf‚wgi bvUK n‡jI GKvˇii gyw³hy‡×i m‡½ †h-mv`„k¨ Lu‡y R cvIqv hvq, Zv LyeB Zvrch©cY~ |© Zzwg m‡›`k Ñ XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii BwZnvmwfwËK †gŠwjK bvUK| beve wmivRD‡ÏŠjvi ¯¿x jyrdv wQ‡jb †gvnbjv‡ji †evb| jyrdvi cÖKZ … bvg BwZnv‡m nvwi‡q †M‡Q| mgKvjxb cÖvmw½KZvq †mB jyrdv‡K wb‡q wZwb BwZnv‡mi GK Ø›Øgq bvUK iPbv K‡ib| we‡`ªvnx bvU¨ZË¡ : Îqx bvU¨Kvi (1987) MÖ‡š’ †eU©ë †eªLU, jyBwR wciv‡›`‡jv Ges Ruv †R‡b Ñ G wZb cÖ_vwe‡ivax bvU¨Kv‡ii wkífvebvi m‡½ mgKvjxb evsjv‡`‡ki bvU‡Ki cÖvmw½KZv Zz‡j a‡ib kvšÍby Kvqmvi| ejvi A‡cÿv iv‡L bv †h, bvUK I bvU¨welqK mvwnZ¨ wQj Zuvi Ab¨Zg wePiY‡ÿÎ| we‡`wk bvU‡Ki Abyev` QvovI wZwb bvU¨welqK cÖeÜ Abyev` K‡ib| wb‡Ri †gŠwjK bvUK iPbvi †ÿ‡Î wZwb BD‡ivcxq bvU¨Ø‡›Øi m‡½ cÖvP¨ bvU¨i‡mi mswgkÖY NwU‡q bZzb GK wkífvebvi wfwË ¯’vcb K‡ib| RxebxMÖš’ : A‰ØZ gjøeg©Y (1987), A‰ØZ gjøeg©Y : Rxeb, mvwnZ¨ I Ab¨vb¨ (1997), gwZDj Bmjvg (1992), †gvnv¤§` †gvZ©Rv (1994), ivwRqv LvZzb †PŠayivYx (1999), bvRgv †Rmwgb †PŠayix (2011), AviR Avjx gvZveŸi (2012), kIKZ Imgvb (2013)| Zuvi †jLv RxebxMÖš¸ ’ ‡jv †hgb Z_¨eûj †Zgwb ü`qMÖvnx| Avwg Dcjwä K‡iwQ †h, †jLK‡`i Rxeb I mvwnZ¨Kg©‡K Awfbœ m~‡Î MÖwš’Z K‡i †jL‡Ki †fZ‡ii wkíxmËv‡K Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb wZwb| m¤úv`bv : gwZDj Bmjvg ¯§viKMÖš’ (1985), Lvb †gvnv¤§` dvivex iPbvmgMÖ (1992), wZZvm GKwU b`xi bvg, f‚wgKvmn A‰ØZ gjøeg©‡Yi Rxeb I Dcb¨v‡mi wkíiƒc wb‡q we¯ÍZ … Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb, myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© (1985)| wkïmvwnZ¨ : †QvÆeÜziv (2001)| cÖeÜ-M‡elYv : ew¼gP›`ª (cÖ_g ce©, wØZxq ce© 1984), Kve¨bvUK (1986), Z…Zxq gxi (1994), Mfxi MfxiZi AmyL : M`¨mËvi Rxebvb›` (1997), evsjv K_vmvwnZ¨ : wfbœ gvÎv

(2001), dzj I bRiæj (2001), ¯^Y© I ïf (2002), mva©kZe‡l© iex›`ªbv_ : bv wb›`v bv ¯‘wZ bv `~lY (2013), iex›`ªbv_ : Pvi Aa¨vq (2011), bRiæj †Kb bRiæj (2013), dzj I bRiæj (2001)| A_©vr gbbkxj M`¨ iPbv I M‡elYv wQj kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii cÖavb †ÿÎ| Zuvi †gav I cÖwZfvi AmvaviY weKvk jÿ Kiv hvq mvwnZ¨mgv‡jvPbv Ges M‡elYvq| mgKvjxb mvwn‡Z¨ kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii g‡Zv AšÍ`w„© óm¤úbœ mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPK weij wQj| evsjv Dcb¨v‡mi RbK ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq‡K wb‡q wZwb wj‡L‡Qb Av‡jvK`xß MÖš|’ G-MÖš’ m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q GKRb wj‡L‡Qb, ÔkvšÍby Kvqmvi Zxÿè wkí‡eva cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g ew¼g-mvwnZ¨ we‡kølY K‡i‡Qb|Õ (Ôikx` Avj dviæKxÕ, 1984, c„ 31) Avgvi we‡ePbvq Z…Zxq gxi (1994) Zuvi †kÖô MÖš|’ ÔcÖm½ZÕ‡Z wZwb wj‡L‡Qb, ÔZ…Zxq gxiÕ ej‡Z Avwg hv ey‡SwQ Zvi e¨vL¨v cÖ_g cÖeÜ, ÔRMr civaxb wKš‘ gb ¯^vax‡b i‡q‡QÕ| GwU G-eB‡qi g~j cÖwZcv`¨| cÖe‡Ü ejv n‡q‡Q, gxi gkviid †nv‡mb GKw`‡K e¨w³, Ab¨w`‡K wkíx| cÖ_g gxi‡K hw` e¨w³ we‡ePbv Kwi, wØZxq gxi Z‡e wkíx| wKš‘ G-`y‡qi Ø›Ø I cÖwZwµqvq m„wó n‡q‡Q GK Z…Zxq gx‡ii| Zuvi AwfgZ Ñ evOjvq mvwnwZ¨K M`¨ iPbvi †mB m~Pbvc‡e© ew¼‡gi cÖej Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ¯^Zš¿ Ges msKxY© Rxeb cwi‡e‡k Dcb¨v‡mi Dcv`vb †LuvRv Avi Zv‡K Avw½KF× K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ gx‡ii DciB cÖ_g `vwqZ¡ e‡Z©wQj| cw_K…‡Zi IB `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z wM‡q Zuv‡K bvbv †gŠwjK wkífvebv Avi ixwZ D™¢veb Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q, Ges Zv Ki‡Z wM‡q welq Avw½‡Ki Øvi¯’ n‡q‡Q, Avw½K wel‡qi| Ab¨w`‡K †h civaxb RM‡Z gxi emevm K‡i‡Qb, Zuvi wkíx Avi ¯^vaxb gb eiveiB †P‡q‡Q Zv‡K AwZµg Ki‡Z| d‡j GB mewKQy wg‡j, welq I Avw½K, civaxb RMr I ¯^vaxb gb Zuvi wk‡ívcKiY wbe©vPb Ges Avw½K D™¢veb I e¨env‡ii †ÿ‡Î GK Øvw›ØK Ges RwUj cwiw¯’wZ m„wó K‡i‡Q| mg¯Í AR©b I mxgve×Zvmn GB cwiw¯’wZi RxebF× I wkíMZ iƒcvq‡Yi bvg gxi gkviid †nv‡mb| wZwbB Avgv‡`i we‡ePbvq Z…Zxq gxi| (ÔKvqmviÕ : 1994, c„ 45) gxi gkviid †nv‡m‡bi Ø›ØRR©i e¨w³Rxeb Ges wkímËv‡K Ggb bb-A¨vKv‡WwgK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K Gi c~‡e© †KD we‡kølY K‡ibwb| Gfv‡e m¤ú~Y© bZzb gxi Avwe®‹vi I D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Qb kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii nv‡Z| Mfxi MfxiZi AmyL : M`¨mËvi Rxebvb›` (1997) MÖ‡š’ iex‡›`ªvËi evsjv KweZvi me‡P‡q cÖfvemÂvix Kwe Rxebvb›` `vk (1899-1955) KweZvi cvkvcvwk M`¨I wj‡L‡Qb †m-wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi KwemËvi wecixZ Kɯ^i n‡”Q Zuvi M`¨mvwnZ¨| mgKvjxb cÖwZwµqvq Zxeª gb I gbb wb‡q M`¨ iPbvI Ae¨vnZ †i‡LwQ‡jb Rxebvb›`| †m wecyj M`¨m¤¢vi‡K wZwb ev·ew›` K‡i †i‡L wM‡q‡Qb| Rxebvb›` `v‡ki ms‡e`bkxj KwemËv Ges cÖwZwµqvRvZ gbbgq †Mvcb M`¨, GB `yB‡q wg‡j †h ALÐ Rxebvb›`, Zv‡KB Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb I Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb kvšÍby Kvqmvi G-MÖ‡š’| A‡cÿvK…Z Kg Av‡jvwPZ Rxebvb›` `v‡ki †mB M`¨PP©vi ¯^iƒc I cÖKw… Z Zz‡j ai‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb, Ñ ÔG Kwei M`¨ iPbv Zuvi mgMÖ mËviB Acwinvh© Ask, Zv‡K ev` w`‡q Rxebvb›`‡K †Zv bqB, Zuvi Kwe-mËv‡KI m¤ú~Y© †Pbv hv‡e bv|Õ (ÔKvqmviÕ : 1997, c„ 38) ¯^vZx fÆvPvh© G-eB m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Qb Ñ Ôwk‡í †h Kjvq Zuvi wmw×, †h Kve¨‡jv‡K Zuvi Aeva wePiY, †mB MwÐi evB‡i wb‡R‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Z Rxebvb‡›`i Amxg KzÉv wQj| A_P wb‡Ri Mí-Dcb¨vm¸wj wZwb mviv Rxeb iÿv K‡i‡Qb mh‡Zœ| wb‡Ri m¤ú~Y© mvwnZ¨mËvi PvweKvwVwU DËiKv‡ji nv‡Z Zz‡j w`‡q hvevi Rb¨B Zuvi G Av‡qvRb| †mB KvRwU nv‡Z wb‡q‡Qb kvšÍby Kvqmvi|Õ

(Ô¯^vZxÕ : 1998, †`k) evsjvi Aciƒc iƒ‡c Kwe gy»; wKš‘ hy× I gš^š‡Í ii weiƒcZv Zuv‡K iƒcgy» _vK‡Z †`qwb| Rxebvb‡›`i wkíxmËvi Ø›ØRwUj †mB w`KwUi cÖwZ Av‡jv †d‡j‡Qb wZwb| evsjv K_vmvwnZ¨ : wfbœ gvÎv (2001) MÖšw’ U g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co‡j †evSv hvq, Kx wbweo Ae‡jvKb, KZ Mfxi AšÍ`w„© ó wQj Zuvi K_vmvwnZ¨ wel‡q| wef‚wZf‚lY, gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn& GLv‡b bZzbfv‡e g~j¨vwqZ n‡q‡Qb Zuvi nv‡Z| Kve¨bvUK (1986) g~jZ evsjv GKv‡Wwgi fvlv-knx` MÖšg’ vjvi wmwiR †_‡K cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ n‡jI c‡i GwUi cwiewa©Z ms¯‹iY ïׯ^i †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| Kve¨bvUK ZË¡xq eB| Kve¨bvU‡Ki GKwU mg„× aviv _vK‡jI G-wel‡q †Kv‡bv ZË¡xq eB wQj bv| kvšÍby KvqmviB cÖ_g Kve¨bvUK wel‡q MÖš’ iPbv K‡i †m-Afve `~i K‡i‡Qb| A‰ØZ gjøeg©Y : Rxeb, mvwnZ¨ I Ab¨vb¨ (1998) wZZvmcv‡ii GB gvwUeZx© Jcb¨vwmK‡K kvšÍby KvqmviB cÖ_g AbymÜvb I Avwe®‹vi K‡i e¨vcK cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q Zz‡j a‡ib| wZwbB A‰ØZPP©vi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib| DËiKv‡j A‰ØZ-wel‡q kvšÍby KvqmviB wbf©i‡hvM¨ A_wiwU n‡q I‡Vb| GQvov mgKvjxb cÎcwÎKvq kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii kZvwaK g~j¨evb M‡elYvg~jK cÖeÜ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q, hv AMÖwš’Z| mvivRxe‡bi mvwnZ¨cvV I mvwnZ¨-M‡elYv‡K kvšÍby Kvqmvi †kl eq‡m G‡m MÖši’ ƒc †`Iqvi Kv‡R wbgMœ wQ‡jb| Avgvi m‡½ e¨w³MZ Avjv‡c Amgvß cvÐzwjwci K_v e‡jwQ‡jb| A_©vr g„Z¨z i c~e© ch©šÍ kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii Kjg wQj mPj, Pwjòz| Avg„Z¨z mvwnZ¨-mvabvi ¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc kvšÍby Kvqmvi †c‡qwQ‡jb A‡bK cyi¯‹vi Ges m¤§vbbv| cyi¯‹vi : cÖZ¨vkv mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi (1990), AvjvIj mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi (1995), A‰ØZ gjøeg©Y ¯§„wZ cyi¯‹vi, fviZ (1999), A‰ØZ gjøeg©Y cyi¯‹vi, eªvþYevwoqv (2013), evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi (2014), Rxebvb›` cyi¯‹vi (2013), Kzwgjøvi KvMR cyi¯‹vi (2005)| KweZv, K_vmvwnZ¨, bvUK, wkïmvwnZ¨, cÖeÜM‡elYv, Abyev` I m¤úv`bv wgwj‡q Zuvi MÖš’ msL¨v 45wU| wkÿv, ÁvbPP©v Ges mvwnZ¨mvabv wQj kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii mvivRxe‡bi eªZ| Zuvi †jLv ev‡K¨ I fv‡l¨, we‡ePbvq, wZwb Agi n‡q _vK‡eb wbðq| ¯^vaxbZv-cieZx© mg‡q kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii g‡Zv †gavex M`¨‡jLK Avi †Pv‡L c‡o bv| Avgv‡`i wgªqgvY mgv‡jvPbv mvwnZ¨ Ges hyw³ I we‡kølYnxb cÖeÜ-mvwn‡Z¨ kvšÍby Kvqmvi wQ‡jb my¯úó e¨wZµgx †jLK| wZwb mvwnZ¨‡K cÖ_vMZ `„wó‡Z †`‡Lbwb, wePvi-we‡kølY K‡i‡Qb bbA¨vKv‡WwgK RvqMv †_‡K, wbR¯^ cvV-AwfÁZv I wkí‡eva w`‡q| Zuvi Ae‡jvKb I Avwe®‹vi wQj wfbœgvÎvi| MZ 12 GwcÖj 2017 mv‡j gvÎ 67 eQi eq‡m kvšÍby Kvqmvi P‡j †M‡jb bv-†divi †`‡k| mvwn‡Z¨i AšÍ`w©„ óm¤úbœ †gavex M`¨‡jLK kvšÍby Kvqmv‡ii cÖwZ RvbvB Mfxi kÖ×v I fv‡jvevmv|

mnvqK MÖš’ I Z_¨cwÄ :

1. evsjv GKv‡Wwg †jLK Awfavb, m¤úv`K : ˆmq` †gvnv¤§` kv‡n` I Ab¨vb¨, 1998| 2. Z…Zxq gxi, kvšÍby Kvqmvi, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, 1994| 3. ivLv‡ji AvZ¥PwiZ, kvšÍby Kvqmvi, `ªvweo, 1982| 4. bvU¨Îqx, kvšÍby Kvqmvi, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, 2012| 5. Z…Zxq gxi, c~‡e©v³| 6. Mfxi MfxiZi AmyL : M`¨mËvi Rxebvb›`, kvšÍby Kvqmvi, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, 1997| 7. ¯^vZx fÆvPvh©, †`k, 26 wW‡m¤^i, 1998, KjKvZv| 8. wcqvm gwR`, Avgv‡`i mgq, 21 GwcÖj, 2017, XvKv| 9. avbwmuwo, 2013, ewikvj| 10. evsjv‡`‡k ew¼gPP©v, ikx` Avj dviæKx, 1984| r

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giæf‚wg †_‡K AvR wd‡i †MwQ evsjvi cÖvPxb gvwU‡Z giæf‚wg †_‡K AvjyjvwqZ Db¥vw`bx g„wËKvi Pz‡j AvR e„wó bv‡g| AuvP‡j Avovj K‡i Ae¸wÉZ ea~ †kl `xc wb‡q hvq ax‡i Ñ e„‡ÿi Awfkv‡c G bM‡i fqven `ywf©ÿ †b‡g‡Q GLv‡b GLb ivZ KZ! †mjwd †Zvj †Kb? KsKvj I gvby‡li cv_©K¨ wbY©q `viæY `yiƒn Rvb bvwK cvwLivI wWg cvovi Av‡M Zey f‡q D‡o hvq c‡_ c‡_ MwjZ ¯^‡cœi jvfv-wnsmª nvnvKvi KZ MÖn gy‡Q hvq Ñ KZ MÖn gy‡Q hv‡e! me D`q AšÍwn©Z n¯Ív bÿ‡Îi Siv †ik i‡q hv‡e GB wkjvc‡U! k~b¨ GB ivZ bUbvivqY iv‡M myi Zz‡j hv‡e| GLb e„‡ÿi Kv‡Q bZRvby n‡q Kv‡Q `~‡i cÖ`xc Dm‡K w`‡q hv‡e nvIqv Ki‡Rv‡o ÿgvcÖv_x© n‡Z n‡e bMievmx‡K Gi c‡iI wK †mjwd Zzj‡e Zzwg wb‡Ri aŸs‡mi! bv n‡j iÿv †bB Ñ R¦‡j DV‡e AbšÍ Av¸b 75

`y‡j I‡V D‡ëv b`x nvwimyj nK hw` AvR ivZ RvwM KUv Puv` †UvKv †`‡e Avgvi Kev‡U? KUv b`x Luy‡R cv‡e Drm-cÖcvZ Zvi wbR e‡b!

KUv cvwL D‡o hv‡e †g‡Ni Qvqvq wbM~p gvqvq! †gNj Qvqvi g‡Zv ¯§„wZi cÖ`xc R¡‡j †b‡f †m †Kvb cÖ”Qbœ Øx‡c?

Rjvi mxgvbv †Nu‡l Acm„Z †mBme PiYaŸwb †hb †di wd‡i Av‡m ˆPZ‡b¨i wenŸj i‡_ †Kki `ywj‡q| Avnv Avwg eywS Avgvi wfZ‡i GK R¡jšÍ AwMœwMwi †i‡LwQ †Mvc‡b KvKZvo–qvi QvBf‡¯§ †X‡K| Avgvi wfZ‡iI gv‡S gv‡S b‡o I‡V iw³g n«` muv‡Si †Suv‡ci g‡Zv Qvqv”Qbœ KznK Auvav‡i| kZgyLx †duvovi g‡Zv wKQy †eva `y`©všÍ UvUvq e¨w³MZ Zij mg‡q| Zey Kx GK Avðh© Z‡c †PvL eyu‡R Avwg û û cÖvšÍ‡i mv`v GK †g‡Ni cÖZxÿvq AuvRjv †c‡Z gvwU‡Z Avmxb| †KbB †h cÄivw¯’ †Ku‡c I‡V `viæY ûZv‡k `jQyU gv‡Qi g‡Zv w`wM¦w`K‡K †Qv‡U i³wee‡i!

AZx‡Zi Nvm µ‡g evo‡Z _v‡K ¯œvqyZš¿ Ry‡o KÈKvKxY© K¨vKUvm Av`‡j| wbtk¦vm Mfxi hw`I `xN© GK †gŠb k¦v‡m `y‡j I‡V D‡ëv b`x †Kb, Kx †m D”Q¡v‡m?

nvwi‡Kb 11 mywnZv myjZvbv RM‡Zi me Av‡jv wb‡f †M‡j ïay †Zvgvi †Pv‡Li Av‡jvq †R‡M DV‡e meyR w`MšÍ! GiKg wek¦vm wb‡q mycÖfv‡Z wZwb Ni †Q‡o †ewi‡q c‡owQ‡jb wegy³ nvIqvq| Z‡e wK †m wQj wbtm½, DØv¯‘? e¯‘Z A‡b‡KB hLb Zv‡K bcysmK fve‡Z fve‡Z w`‡knviv Ae¯’v ZLb wefxwlKvgq eva©K¨ Zv‡K AvZmevwRi kn‡i wb‡q G‡jv Avevi ea¨f‚wgi Awfkvc Zvi wcQy Qv‡o bv, Ae‡PZbvi AÜKv‡i wZwb gv‡S gv‡S we¯§qKifv‡e nvwi‡Kb nv‡Z nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvb! G-RMr msmvi Kvi Zvn‡j? H›`ªRvwj‡Ki g‡Zv me hLb G‡jv‡g‡jv n‡q Zz‡li Av¸‡bi mv‡_ ¯§„wZgq w`b¸wj Zv‡K L‡m-cov †`qv‡ji †fZ‡i wb‡q hvw”Qj ZLb kbv³ Kivevi g‡Zv Avi wKQy wQj bv!

76

Iiv P‡j hvq! we`y¨r †`e kvwmZ nqwb RvwZ †Kvb Kv‡j?

A_ev, jvj †PvLv fvB‡qi Bkviv! jy‡Uiv wb‡q †Mj †Kvb †`wkiv?

BwZnv‡mi dzj¸‡jv Kv‡jv A_ev we`Ny‡U! †gŠh©-kkv¼-†mb-cvj-Bs‡iR w`‡jb wK wb‡q †M‡jb wK? BwZnv‡mi eB c‡o †b‡ev ï‡b gyiæweŸiv _y_y wQUvb Bqwnqvi bv‡g Iiv ee©i i³‡L‡Kv weovj gyw³Kvgx ev‡Ni Kvg‡o P‡j hvq!

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Iw`‡K I Kvi Ni Av‡jv R¡vjv!

Av‡iv Ni, ZviciI Ni †hw`‡K ZvKvB ARmª Ni Muv_v|

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Avwg †ek g‡b g‡b cUzqv‡K awi †m nv‡m Ñ cvMj wKQyB Rv‡b bv †m †h †Kb GB cU †Kb GZ Ni Avi AZ Av‡jv R¡vjv!

77

K…òKwji Ab¨ Rxeb GKwU c`¨Mí ZvRyj Bgvg ÔK…òKwj Avwg Zv‡iB ewj, Kv‡jv Zv‡i e‡j Muv‡qi †jvK/ †`‡LwQ‡jg gqbvcvovi gv‡V Kv‡jv †g‡qi Kv‡jv nwiY-†PvL Ñ Õ

iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi (Kwe¸iæ, †Zvgvi nVvr †`Lv nwiY †Pv‡Li Kv‡jv †g‡qwU hyMvšÍ‡ii m~h©i‡_ cvwo w`‡q‡Q wfb& †Mvjv‡a©| gqbvcvovi K‡jR cov †kl bv n‡ZB wW. wf. wfmvi wm‡K wQuoj| Zvici gnvbMix wbDBqK©| e`‡j †Mj Rxeb, e`‡j hv‡”Q gbb, e`‡j hv‡e Rxe‡bi BwZe„Ë| †mB MíB †kvbve †Zvgvq|) ------------ cÖ_g ce© -----------G-kn‡i e„wó bv‡g wkni Rv‡M `gKv nvIqvq G-kn‡i K…òKwj AvOyj Zz‡j U¨vw· _vgvq| KL‡bv Sjg‡j w`b 78

cvZvj †i‡ji Auvavi †V‡j Qy‡U P‡j K…òKwj Nwoi KuvUv †cQb †d‡j| Kwdi Kv‡c Qj‡K I‡V w`‡bi ïiæ e¨¯Í mKvj †PvL-auvav‡bv GB kn‡i ü`q‡Quvqv K_vi AvKvj| eÜz-¯^Rb †bB †Zv †Kv_vI gvbyl¸‡jv Øx‡ci g‡Zv gy‡L my‡Li c‡j¯Íviv ü`qUv‡Z †Mvcb ÿZ| mܨv civq †mvbvi gyKzU g¨vbnvUv‡bi `vjvb P‚ovq ivwÎ ZLb wbqb †R¡‡j †bkv aivq iwOb myivq| N‡i †divi cvjv hLb w`‡bi †k‡l KvR dziv‡j ¯^cœ †`Lvi Z›`ªv bv‡g

Kvj nwiY †Pv‡Li †Kv‡j| gqbvcvovi gv‡V eywS GLb mKvj †iv‡`i SjK k¨vgjxUvi mv`v evQyi KvRj †Pv‡L †dj‡Q cjK| ZvjMvQUvi eveyBcvovq †fv‡ii nvIqv w`‡”Q †`vjv †e¸b †ÿ‡Zi Kw †eovq wd‡O cvwL †jRwU †Svjv| gw›`iv‡Z cÖfvwZ Mvb ˆeivMxwU wdi‡Q N‡i iwgR KvKvi Pv‡qi †`vKvb Zzj‡Q †auvqv b`xi av‡i| †fv‡ii †Uª‡bi `gKv nvIqvq Kvkdz‡j‡`i gvZvgvwZ AvwObv‡Z i³Revi civM gv‡L cÖRvcwZ| evevi nv‡Z `y‡ai fvÐ

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kvwšÍ-my‡Li †mme myw`b †Kb Ggb nvwi‡q †Mj? ag©, eY©, †MvÎ wb‡q Kviv Ggb wel Qovj?

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------ Z…Zxq ce© ------

wbe©vP‡bi c‡i c‡iB †R‡jcvovq jvMj Av¸b †fvU nviv‡bv `‡ji †bZvi Av‡µvkUvI evo‡Q wظY| wf‡UQvov KZ gvbyl nvwi‡q †Mj †`kvšÍ‡i `ywðšÍvi ewj‡iLv †hv‡Mbeveyi Kcvj Ry‡o| meyR bx‡ji gqbvcvov †ng‡šÍi nq †mvbvi dmj gymjgvb ev wn›`y †m †nvK me K…l‡Ki mgvb aKj| dmj KvUvi Avb›`Mvb †g‡Vv my‡i myi †gjv‡Z C‡`i †mgvB, cy‡Rvi cÖmv`

gnvbMi wbDBq‡K© `vwc‡q †eovq †giæi nvIqv Mfxi kx‡Z Nygvq kni c_NvU me ZzlviQvIqv| Svcmv n‡jv c‡_i Av‡jv †auvqvkv Avi ZzlviS‡o kxZ cvwj‡q Ry‡U‡Q gvbyl †i‡¯Íviuv‡Z Ges ev‡i| AvKvk Ry‡o QvB-gvLv‡bv wPgwb †_‡K bxj‡P †auvqv wjL‡Q †m_v e¨_vi Kve¨ ivL‡Q welYœZvi †Quvqv| w`b¸‡jv me †QvÆ GLb ûogywo‡q mܨv bv‡g K…òKwj wdi‡Q N‡i ivwÎ ZLb ga¨hv‡g| KzBÝ ey‡jvfvW© wbSzg cv_vi 79

ev‡mi †`Lv K¡wPZ KLb Zzlvi †Vjvi †WªRvi¸‡jvi Avmv-hvIqv hLb-ZLb| nv‡oi †fZi myB †dvUv‡bv Dˇi wng RuvwK‡q bv‡g g„Zz¨kxZj wn‡gj nvIqv Lei cvVvq iv‡Zi Lv‡g| N‡i †divi e¨vKzj Z…lv GKUzLvwb DòZv PvB K…òKwj, †Kv_vq hvwe?

GB kn‡i `iw` bvB| Rxeb †_‡K DòZv‡K wb‡”Q ï‡l kx‡Zi cÖni Amvo n‡q Avm‡Q µ‡g †`n Ges †ev‡ai †kKo| IB †Zv gv‡qi ivbœvN‡i R¡j‡Q Dbyb MbM‡b AuvP †mœngvLv gyLwU gv‡qi wmuw_i wmu`yi G‡qvwZ mvR| `vIqvq e‡m gv`yi †c‡Z evevi Mv‡q Lvw`i Pv`i K…òKwj `uvwo‡q _v‡K cv `ywU Zvi wb‡iU cv_i| KÉ wP‡i ¯^i †dv‡U bv Ôevev Avgvi nvZwU a‡ivÕ `„k¨cU wgwj‡q †Mj Kuvc‡Q †`n _‡iv_‡iv| msÁvnxbv K…òKwj c‡_i av‡i jywU‡q c‡o ZzlviS‡oi ïå Pv`i kixiUv‡K w`‡”Q gy‡o| †a‡q Avm‡Q eid-†WªRvi c‡_i `yavi Dc‡P c‡o gqbvcvovi †mB †g‡qwUi ZzlviKei GB kn‡i?

80

------ PZz_© ce© ------KzBÝe‡ivi nvmcvZv‡j Ávb wd‡i‡Q `yw`b c‡i K…òKwji cÖv‡Yi mvov Kw¤úDUvi gwbU‡i| KvRjKv‡jv nwiY-†Pv‡L AkÖæwe›`y U‡jvg‡jv Rvbvjv‡Z kx‡Zi AvKvk m~h©iv‡M S‡jvg‡jv|

Kv‡jv hyeK gMœ we‡fvi †`L‡Q †g‡qi bqb‡Rvov gqbvcvovi Kv‡jv †g‡q cÖ_g †cj dz‡ji †Zvov| cvcwo †g‡j wµmvwš’gvg dzUj cÖ_g †MvjvcKwj cÖ_g †cÖ‡gi cÖ_g cik civM gv‡L cÖ_g Awj|

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†Zvgvi †`‡ki b`xI wK †Zvgvi †Pv‡Li g‡ZvB Kv‡jv?

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81

cÖvK&K_b

A‡bK Kve¨wekvi`B `vwe K‡i _v‡Kb †h, ivqbvi gvwiqv wij‡K MZ kZvãxi †kÖô BD‡ivcxq Kwe| BD‡ivc ej‡Z Avwg Aek¨B †evSvw”Q mgMÖ cwðgwek¦| A‡jvKiÄb `vk¸ß †Zv mivmwi e‡jB w`‡q‡Qb †h, wij‡K Zuvi wcÖqZg Kwe| AvwgI GB g‡Zi mg_©K, hw`I Avwg nq‡Zv wij‡Ki cv‡kB DBwjqvg evUjvi B‡qUm&‡K ¯’vb †`e| wij‡Ki KweZvq hš¿Yv‡eva I †kvKvbyfw‚ Z Abvqv‡m cÖ‡ek K‡i, hw`I GB hš¿Yv Avi †kvKB KweZvi cathartic cÖfv‡e Rxe‡bi RqMv‡b iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| †kvK †_‡K Avb›` AwfgyLx GB hvÎv me‡_‡K †ewk cwiùzU Zuvi weL¨vZ KweZvØq ÔThe Sonnets to OrpheusÕ Ges ÔDuino ElegiesÕ-†Z| Ab¨w`‡K Zuvi Abe`¨ ÿz`ª KweZv¸‡jv e¯‘¯i^ ƒc †_‡K AZxw›`ª‡qi w`‡K avweZ nq| GB Av‡ivnY I DËi‡Yi cÖZxK wij‡Ki e„ÿe›`bv| ÿ‡Y-ÿ‡YB Avgiv GB e„‡ÿi m¤§yLxb nB, †h-e„ÿ wkKo †_‡K D‡V †a‡q P‡j wP`vb›` AvKv‡ki w`‡K| Abyev‡`i Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ Ô†ngšÍmܨvÕ kxl©K KweZvq Avgiv cwo Wind aus dem Mond, ploetlglich ergriffene Baume| Bs‡iwR‡Z Gi Abyev` `uvov‡e Wind from the moon/ trees suddenly sieged.

GKw`‡K Kwei my`xN© KweZv¸”Q ÔDuino ElegiesÕ Ges Ab¨w`‡K †QvU KweZv Ô†ng‡šÍi w`bÕ GKB Øvw›ØKZvi m„RbgyLx dmj| AZxw›`ªq, gvqvgq Kwe wij‡K gvwU I mv›`gvb wek¦‡K A¯^xKvi K‡ibwb| Zuvi `„wó‡Z gvwU I AvKvk‡K †Mu‡_ †i‡L‡Q GK m‡PZb Øvw›ØK cÖwµqv| Gi DÌvb gvbef‚wg I e¯‘iƒ‡ci wgwjZ e„Ë †_‡K Ges MšÍe¨ †mB wegy³ †Lvjv AvKvk, hvi cÖv‡šÍ `uvwo‡q AZ…ß KwemËv gg©‡f`x cÖkœ D”PviY K‡i‡Q, ÔWho, if I cry, will hear me among the angelic order?Õ GB g~j cÖkwœ U wewfbœ Awfe¨w³‡Z evievi SsK…Z … n‡q‡Q wij‡Ki KweZvq Ges Zvi DËi †b‡g G‡m‡Q AvKv‡ki cÖvšÍ †_‡K giwg, Bw›`ªqvZxZ fvlvq| GB mvgwMÖK Kvwe¨K cwiKíbvq gvqvex, msMxZgyLi, e‡Y©v¾¡j e„ÿB wgwj‡q w`‡q‡Q gvwU I AvKvk‡K| soil Ges sky-Gi GB wgjbhš¿Yvi `»Zv‡K AwZµg K‡i iPbv K‡i‡Q GK Hk¦wiK kvwšÍ, †hLv‡b wU. Gm. Gwjq‡Ui fvlvq Ñ the fire and the rose are one.

Abyev‡`i Rb¨ Avgiv wij‡Ki cÖwm× KweZv †e‡Q wbBwb| A_©vr ÔThe Sonnets to OrpheusÕ Ges ÔDuino ElegiesÕ-†K Avgiv m‡PZbfv‡eB `~‡i †i‡LwQ KviY GB KweZv؇qi Abe`¨ Bs‡iwR Abyev` A‡bK‡KB Av‡›`vwjZ K‡i‡Q| †h-`yRb Kwe Abyev`K Sonnets Ges Elegies-Gi mv_©K Abyev` K‡i‡Qb Ñ J. B. Leishman I Stephen Mitchell Ñ Zuv‡`i K…Z cvVB wij‡K‡K ü`q½g Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó| GgbwK Zuvi cÖL¨vZ ÿz`ª KweZv ÔPantherÕI Avgiv m‡PZb-g‡b ev` w`‡qwQ †h‡nZz A‡b‡KB GB KweZvwU gyL¯’ ej‡Z mg_©| mwZ¨ ej‡Z, ÔPantherÕ-Gi g‡Zv realistic KweZvB Avgv‡`i eywS‡q †`q †h, fv¯‹i i`u¨vi (Rodin-i) mvwbœa¨ Zuv‡K Aek¨B cÖfvweZ K‡iwQj| †h-KweZv¸‡jvi fvlvšÍi K‡iwQ, †m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ÔHerbsttagÕ ev Ô†ng‡šÍi w`bÕ mycwiwPZ| evwK¸‡jv ZZUv bq| Avgv‡`i jÿ¨I wQj Zzjbvq ¯^ícwiwPZ KweZv †ck Kiv| Dciš‘, Ô†ng‡šÍi w`bÕ, Ô†ngšÍ mܨvÕ Ges ÔcÖvK&em‡šÍi MvbÕ cÖKw… Zi cÖwZ Kwei Abyfe I `„wó‡K cwiùzU K‡i| DBwjqvg IqvW©mIqv‡_©i (William Wordsworth) m‡½ wij‡KI cÖKw… Zi Af¨šÍ‡i Rxe‡bi ür¯ú›`b ïb‡Z †c‡qwQ‡jb Ges †mB Abyfw‚ Zgq

82

cÖKw… Z‡KB wZwb wgwj‡q w`‡q‡Qb Zuvi wbR¯^ AZxw›`ªq mËvi m‡½| G-cÖm‡½ ÔThe MarriageÕ/ ÔweevnÕ KweZvwU we‡kl D‡jø‡Li `vwe K‡i| wij‡K †h KZUv e¯‘wbô wQ‡jb, GB KweZv ZviB cÖgvY| GKw`‡K bvix-cyiæ‡li ¯^cnœ xb K¬vwšÍKi ˆeevwnK m¤úK© wZwb †Q‡b-†Q‡b †`‡L‡Qb GB KweZvq; Ab¨w`‡K GK wb‡g‡l P‡j †M‡Qb †`e`~Z‡`i cweÎ A½‡b Zuvi weï× GKvwKZ¡‡K m¤^j K‡i| wij‡Ki Amvgvb¨ Kve¨ GB `yB cÖvšÍ‡ii †fZ‡iB Abycg Øvw›ØKZvi m„wó K‡i|

†ng‡šÍi w`b cÖf,z GB †Zv mgq MÖx®§ eo `xN© wQj Gevi m~hN© woi Dci bvgyK †Zvgvi Qvqv Ges we¯ÍxY© cÖvšÍ‡i N~wY©Z †nvK Db¥Ë evZvm| AvbZ dj¸wj Zzwg c~YZ © i K‡iv Zviv †klZ¡ cÖvß †nvK †Zvgvi AvÁvq ZeyI `ywU `wÿY w`b Ges †kl gayiZv Zv‡`i jyä KiæK fiv AvOzi¸”Q| †m GLb wbg©vY Ki‡e bv hvi †Kv‡bv M„n †bB †m GLb wbtm½... Ges Av‡iv eûw`b †kl iv‡Î emv, wPwV †jLv Avi cybivq cÖZ¨veZ©b †mB Aw¯’i hvÎvq cv‡K© Auvav‡i cvZvSiv Qvqv”Qbœ iv¯Ívq| Abyev`K : mgi ivq

†ngšÍmܨv evZvm Gj Puv‡`i †_‡K Avi mnmv AvµvšÍ nj e„ÿivwR, Ges GKwU cvZv Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z Sivi mg‡q c_ LuR y ‡jv| jɇbi g„`y Av‡jvi ga¨ w`‡q eû`~‡ii Mvp K…ò wbmM© Ñ †Rvi K‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡jv wm×všÍnxb kn‡ii wfZi| Abyev`K : myb›`v emy I ïfiÄb `vk¸ß

cÖvK&em‡šÍi Mvb KvwVb¨ A`„k¨ nVvr †b‡g Gj `vwÿY¨ Db¥y³ cÖvšÍ‡ii a~miZvi Dci| ÿz`ª ÿz`ª Rjaviv Zv‡`i MwZ cvjUv‡jv Ges AvKvk †_‡K †b‡g Avmv fvjevmvi †Quvqv¸wj ¯úk© Ki‡jv f‚wg| Mfxi c_¸wj cÖ‡ek Ki‡jv gvwUi wbm‡M©i wfZi w`‡q Ges mnmv cÎnxb Mv‡Qi g‡a¨B Ñ Zvi DËiY I cÖKvk| Abyev`K : myb›`v emy I ïfiÄb `vk¸ß

DrmM© Avgv‡`i m‡e©vËg KvR nj : Ggb GKwU wjwLZ fvlvi m„wó hv wKbv Avgv‡`i AkÖæ mn¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Avevi m„wó Ki‡e Ñ my¯úó, wbg©vY, mywbwðZ Ñ igYxq we`vqm¤¢vlY Zv‡`iB Rb¨ hviv mgy‡`ª cvwo w`‡qwQj| Abyev`K : myb›`v emy I ïfiÄb `vk¸ß

weevn †m GLb welYœ †m bxie, kãnxb, wbtm½| †`‡Lv Ñ †m hš¿Yvq we×| †Zvgvi ivwθwj Zvi Dci Suvwc‡q c‡owQj A‡bKUv ¯’vbPz¨Z cv_‡ii g‡Zv Avi Zvi ivwθwj wQj g„`y D‡ËRbvgq| †Zvgvi †fuvZv Kvgbv w`‡q Zzwg kZevi Zv‡K webó I welv³ K‡iwQ‡j| Aek¨ Zzwg ïay GKevi †hb ga¨hy‡Mi `vZv n‡qwQ‡j Ges bxie wbtkã Auvav‡i Zvi cv‡k bZRvby wQ‡j, GLv‡bB †Zvgvi †cŠiæl †Zvgvi wbR¯^ e„Ë †_‡K wb®ŒgY| Abyev`K : myb›`v emy I ïfiÄb `vk¸ß 83

Abyev` KweZv

†WwfW †nvqvB‡Ui KweZv Abyev` : Avb›`gqx gRyg`vi †jLK-cwiwPwZ †WwfW †nvqvBU Bsj¨v‡Ûi GK cvnvo Avi DcZ¨Kvi †XD-IVv gvbwP‡Î, BqK©kvqv‡i eo n‡q‡Qb| cÖkvšÍ gnvmvM‡ii DËi-cwðg mxgv‡šÍ Zuvi evwo Ñ †hLvbKvi e„wó Avi is-cvjUv‡bv AvKvk Zuv‡K Zuvi †d‡j Avmv Ab¨ ¯^‡`k, Avqvij¨vÛ, BqK©kvqvi Avi I‡qj‡mi ¯§„wZ g‡b Kwi‡q †`q| GKRb AvšÍR©vwZK L¨vwZgvb Kwe, †jLK, cÖK…wZwe` Ges e³v, wZwbB nq‡Zv GKgvÎ Kwe whwb cÖvwZôvwbK Dbœq‡b m„RbkxjZvi cÖ‡qv‡M Zuvi AšÍ`„©wó Kv‡R jvMv‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| M„‡ni g‡Zv Ni (The House of Belonging) Zuvi PZz_© Ges †Zvgvi AZj Rj (The Sea in You) Zuvi Aóg KweZvi eB| AvUwU KweZvi eB‡qi g‡a¨ Av‡iv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Zuvi N‡i †divi Mvb (Song of Coming Home), bvbv b`xi †gvnbv (Where Many Rivers Meet), gvwUi wfZi Av¸b (Fire in the Earth), me †Zvgvi A‡c¶vq (Everything is Waiting for You), b`x‡mªvZ : bZzb I evQvB KweZv

1984-2007 (Riverflow : New and Selected Poems 1984-2007), cw_K (Pilgrim)| G QvovI PviwU weL¨vZ M‡`¨i eB i‡q‡Q Zuvi Ñ ü`q †_‡K †R‡M : Ki‡cv‡iU Av‡gwiKvq KweZv I AvZ¥vi msi¶Y (The Heart Aroused : Poetry and the Preservation of the Soul in Corporate America), ARvbv mvMi cvwo : KvR †hLv‡b AvZ¥cwiP‡qi c_ (Crossing the Unknown Sea : Work as a Pilgrimage of Identity), wZb cwiYq : KvR, AvZ¥ I m¤ú‡K©i cybiKíbv (The Three Marriages : Re-imagining Work, Self and Relationship)| GB eB¸‡jv Ges Zuvi weL¨vZ AwWI

I wfwWI e³‡e¨i wmwW GLb †gwb wifvm© †cÖm †_‡K cvIqv hv‡”Q| †WwfW †nvqvBU mviv c„w_ex Ny‡i Zuvi KweZv I e³e¨ †`k-we‡`‡k cwi‡ekb K‡i _v‡Kb| mgy`ª cÖvwYwe`¨vi Ici Zuvi wWwMÖ Av‡Q, Av‡Q †cbwmj‡fwbqvi bqg¨vb wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GKUv m¤§vbm~PK wWwMÖ| GQvov wZwb A·‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mvC` ¯‹zj Ae weR‡b‡mi GKRb A¨v‡mvwm‡qU †d‡jv| 85

GB N‡i, GB mËvq|

mv`v NyNy hLb †Zvgvq cÖ_g wPwV wjwL †m-†jLv Avgvi nv‡Z †hb GK †QvU mv`v NyNy hv‡K AvKv‡k Dwo‡q w`‡Z n‡e Avi hLb †m †cuŠQ‡e †Zvgvi Rvbvjvq †Zvgvi A¶‡i Zzwg wj‡L †`‡e wPwV †eu‡a †`‡e Zvi cv‡q `ynv‡Z Zz‡j †di †g‡j †`‡e evZv‡mi Mv‡q †hb †m wd‡i wd‡i Av‡m 86

GLb Avgvi †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †cuŠQevi †Kv‡bv kã Rvbv †bB| †h-Rvbvjvi av‡i nuvUz gy‡o Avgv‡K em‡Z e‡j‡Q fv‡jvevmv †m-Rvbvjv w`‡q Avwg †`wL GK Wvbvnxb AvKvk, fv‡jvevmv Avgv‡K e‡j, †Zvgvi Rb¨ Mfxi k¦vm cvVv‡Z †mLv‡b fv‡jv‡e‡m, †Zvgv‡K †Zvgvi c‡_ P‡j †h‡Z w`‡Z A_P Avgvi n‡q bq; Avi Kx Avðh©, †mB Avb›` bZzb †Kv‡bv fv‡jvevmv Lyu‡R cvq †hb; †h-fv‡jvevmv Avj‡Zv K‡i cv‡k Wv‡K eÜzi gZb| G‡Zv kã A_P k‡ã Kx-B ev nq †hLv‡b †cuŠQ‡e bv k‡ãi ¯^i †h-wbR©bZvq †Zvgv‡K †`‡LwQjvg mv`v NyNy n‡q hvIqvi Av‡M hv‡K `yB nv‡Z Zz‡j Gevi Dwo‡q w`‡Z n‡e Aeva AvKv‡k| (ÔThe White DoveÕ, The Sea in You)

†Zvgvi AZj Rj Puv‡`i Av‡jvi wb‡P Nyg †f‡O †M‡j Avwg †K, Rvb‡Z wM‡q †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Avgv‡K Av‡iv wbweo n‡q Avm‡Z nq, †hb c„w_ex †Zvgvi wQcwQ‡c †`n‡iLv Ry‡o evwnZ, Avi †mBfv‡e, †Zvgvi hvIqv-Avmvi †fZi, †Zvgvi RjR, †Rvqvix Mfxi k¦v‡mi mv‡_ k¦vm wb‡Z wb‡Z, †Zvgv‡K wP‡b wP‡b, GK dvwj Av‡jv-Auvavwi‡Z, Avwg Avgvi fvm‡Z _vKv Zvjyi cÖ_g `„pZv Abyfe Kwi, Avi †m nvZ †Zvgvi Kuva †gv‡gi g‡Zv Av‡jv ¯úk© KÕ‡i GwM‡q hvq, gøvb P›`ªv‡jvwKZ †Zvgvi wb‡Uvj Mv‡j, hvq †Zvgvi Z¡‡Ki gy‡³v`vbvi g‡Zv Rj Qyu‡q Avgvi AvOzj, †Zvgvi †Vuv‡Ui k¦vm ¯úk© K‡i, Avi Avgvi Mfx‡i, Mwnb m~²Zvq DòZv †`q, mgy‡`ªi AZj euvK †_‡K muvZ‡i D‡V Puv‡`i Av‡jvi wb‡P †Zvgvi Kv‡Q GB fv‡e Avmv, Rvbv, Zzwg †h Av`‡j euv‡Pv, †m Av`‡j †KD euv‡P bv, †hfv‡e k¦vm bvI, †mfv‡e †KD cv‡i bv wb‡Z k¦vm, Avgvi ¯úk© †hb GK gøvb-Av‡jvwKZ AùzU-¯^i RjR mËv‡K `ynv‡Z a‡i _vKv, fzj †Kv‡bv kw³i ciek n‡q, Avgvi †VuvU hv ej‡Z Pvq, ZvI †hb fzj D”PviY, Avi GB mgy`ªiv‡Z, †Zvgvi k¦vm wP‡b †hfv‡e †Zvgvq fv‡jvevm‡Z n‡e, †mfv‡e evm‡Z bv †c‡i, †Zvgvi NygšÍ Aeq‡ei cv‡k ï‡q _vwK, †hb GK mvMi‡K ey‡K aÕ‡i, †h-Nyg `y‡Pv‡L †b‡g Av‡m, Avi †h-fvi jNy n‡q bv‡g, Avi †mB mv‡_, mgy‡`ªi av‡i †fv‡i †R‡M D‡V Lyu‡R cvIqv Avb‡›`i Abyfe Ñ Avgv‡K cøvweZ K‡i|

(ÔThe Sea in YouÕ, The Sea in You)

M„‡ni g‡Zv Ni †mvbvSiv Av‡jvi GK ajcn‡i †R‡M D‡V Gw`K-Iw`K wd‡i gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ Avgvi g‡b nq cÖwZw`‡bi g‡ZvB G †hb, †h-†Kv‡bv GKw`b| wKš‘ Avgvi AÜKvi ü`q †_‡K XvKbv m‡i †M‡Q, Avgvi g‡b nq Avgvi N‡ii kvšÍ big evwZ nq‡Zv `vqx, A_ev †h mnR k¦v‡mi Q‡›` Avwg wb‡R‡K Nyg cvwo‡qwQ Kvj iv‡Z, ZvB, A_ev nq‡Zv `vqx iv‡Zi Kv‡b Avgvi cÖv_©bv|

87

Avgvi g‡b nq AvR Ggb GK ïf w`b †hw`b fv‡jvevmv Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq A_ev nq‡Zv Ggb a~mi †ejv †hw`b AvcbRb‡K nvwi‡q †dj‡Z cvwi| Abyfe Kwi AvR Ggb w`b †hw`b GB c„w_ex Avi c‡ii fze‡b bvwoi Uvb wQu‡o †h‡Z cv‡i Lye mn‡RB Avwg ZvB wb‡R‡K Av‡jvi kvšÍ Avj a‡i D‡V em‡Z †`wL nj‡` ev`vwg Mvp †mWvi KvV Avgvq wN‡i Av¸‡bi dzjwKi g‡Zv R¡‡j, Avi mvwi-mvwi †`e`~Z GB emZevwoi Av‡jvi QvDwbi w`‡K D‡o hvq| GB D¾¡j Ni Avgvi M„n, GLv‡b Av‡m Avgvi AvcbRb, Avwg †mme wKQy GLv‡b fv‡jvevm‡Z PvB hv fv‡jvevm‡Z Avgvi A‡bK mgq †j‡M †M‡Q| Avgvi mvevjK GKvwK‡Z¡i DcvmbvNi GB M„n, GB GKvwKZ¡ Avgvi Avcbvi, †hgb Avcbvi Avgvi Rxeb| Ggb M„‡ni g‡Zv Ni †Zv Avi †bB|

(ÔThe House of belongingÕ, The House of belonging)

88

gayFZz AÜKvi †Zvgvi †PvL K¬všÍ GLb GLb c„w_exI wbtmvo| †`Lv Ny‡P †M‡j c„w_exi †Kv‡bv †`k †Zvgv‡K Lyu‡R cv‡e bv †Zv Avi| AÜKv‡i cv †djevi GB jngv| GLv‡b ivwÎi †PvL Av‡Q wbR‡K †Pbvi| GLv‡b Zzwg fv‡jvevmvi E‡aŸ© bI| AvR iv‡Z K…òMnŸi †Zvgv‡K M‡f© ¯’vb †`‡e| hZ`~i †PvL hvq Zvi †P‡q †ewk w`MšÍ Ly‡j hv‡e| †Zvgv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e c„w_ex GK gy³ ¯^‡`k| Ab¨ fzeb †Q‡o Zzwg †Zvgvi wbR¯^ c„w_ex wP‡b bvI| KL‡bv KL‡bv ivwÎ Avi wbtm½Zvi gayi Kvivevm †_‡K †R‡b wb‡Z nq hv-wKQy cÖvYgq bq Zv †Zvgvi Rb¨ Kg| (ÔSweet DarknessÕ, The House of Belonging)

wPÎKjv

¯^cœ †Nvov

†kK‡o †R‡M I‡V cÖvY †gvevwk¦i Avjg gRyg`vi g„ wËKvi cÖMvp †e`bv Kx Zv eywSwb GL‡bv Kvb †c‡Z cvwL‡`i K_vevZ©v ïwb, cÖvY cvB †gN‡jv‡K evnvwi kvwoi cÖ`k©bx †`‡L ïay g~Q©v hvB Zey †Kb Wv‡Kv AvZ¥nbb| Ñ (Ô†Kb Wv‡Kv AvZ¥nbbÕ, gviæd ivqnvb)

c

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89

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93

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Ggb A‡bK K_v Av‡Q GB AvZ¥Rxebx‡Z, hv e¨w³ bvwmiDwχbi GKvšÍ wbR¯^ e‡jB MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i| evev Av‡j gn¤§` kvni m‡½ Zuvi fvOv‡Pviv m¤úK© †Kv‡bvw`b †Rv‡owb| Kx K‡iB ev Ryo‡e? ivkfvix wcZvi †Kv‡bv mvaB †ec‡ivqv cyÎ c~Y© K‡ibwb| ZvB e‡j mv‡nweqvbvq Av`¨šÍ Wz‡e _vKv GB wmwfj mv‡f©‡›Ui †Kv‡bv `vbweK cÖwZK…wZ Auv‡Kbwb bvwmiDwÏb| wcZvcy‡Îi m¤ú‡K©i Mfxi ÿZ¯’vb Ly‡j cvIqv-bv-cvIqvi LwZqvb †`Iqvi cvkvcvwk ˆbwbZv‡ji †evwW©s BkKz‡ji †ewkifvM mgqUvB wZwb †h nuv`v M½vivg †Mv‡Qi GK Rxe wQ‡jb, `yB †PŠKm `v`vi †KivgwZ †h Zv‡K Av‡iv †KvYVvmv K‡iwQj †m-K_v Agøvbe`‡b Rvwni K‡i‡Qb| AvRKvj †gvUvwj w_‡qUvi MÖæc wb‡q gy¤v^ B †Zv e‡UB, †_‡K †_‡K w`wjø, KjKvZv GgbwK XvKv‡ZI Avbv‡Mvbv nq bvwmiDwχbi BmgvZ Avcv †K bv‡g cy‡iv kvn Lvb`vb‡KB g‡Â †`Lv hvq| †mB `‡j ¯¿x iZœv cvVK kvn Avi `yB †Rvqvb †Q‡ji cvkvcvwk wnbv kvn‡K †`‡L †KD fv‡eb gwnjv bvwmiDwχbi †QvU †evb, †KD fv‡eb fvBwR| wnbv Zuvi †g‡q ïb‡j A‡b‡Ki †PvL Kcv‡j I‡V| A¨vÛ †`b Iqvb †W co‡j DV‡e bv| KviY AvwjMo gymwjg BDwbfvwm©wU †_‡K Bs‡iwR‡Z †gRi wb‡q MÖ¨vRy‡qkb Kivi mgq Amgeqmx cvifxb-†gviv‡`i †cÖ‡g c‡owQ‡jb Dwbk eQ‡ii bvwmiDwÏb| cvifxb Av`‡Z cvK bvMwiK| evev cvwK¯Ívwb, gv fviZxq Ges Zviv weevnwew”Qbœ| GB †cÖg G‡mwQj mkãPi‡Y| Wv³vwii QvÎx n‡jI wkímvwn‡Z¨ cvifx‡bi cÖMvp AbyivM GB imvq‡b MwZmÂvi K‡iwQj| Bs‡iwRi cÖ‡dmi Rvwn`v RvBw`i wb‡`©kbvq wWcvU©‡g›Uvj w_‡qUv‡i GKUvi ci GKUv bvU‡Ki winvm©vj w`‡Z w`‡Z, †K‡bwW AwWUwiqv‡g †kv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z †cÖg Av‡iv wbweo n‡qwQj| bvwmiDwÏb wj‡L‡Qb, ÔGZw`‡b Ggb GKRb‡K †cjvg Avgv‡K Qvov hvi GKUzI P‡j bv| Ggb GKRb hv‡K Avwg wb‡Ri ej‡Z cvwi, †h Avgv‡K wb‡Ri ej‡Z cv‡i|Õ GB D”Q¡vm ¯^vfvweK| GiciB bvwmiDwÏb ej‡Qb, ÔwKš‘ I‡K Avb›` †`evi, Avb‡›` ivLvi ÿgZv Avgvi Av‡Q wKbv †mUv GKev‡ii R‡b¨I gv_vq Av‡mwb| Avm‡e Kx K‡i, Avgvi eqm ZLb Dwbk, H eq‡m wb‡RiUv Qvov Avi Kv‡ivi Avb‡›`i K_v fvevi dzimZ Avgvi wQj bv|Õ Ggb AKcU ¯^xKv‡ivw³ mevB Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| †g‡N †g‡N †ejv n‡jv| 1969 †kl n‡q Avm‡Q| c~e© cvwK¯Ívb wb‡q Uvbvc‡o‡bi †R‡i fviZ-cvwK¯Ív‡bi g‡a¨ K‚U‰bwZK myi Po‡Q| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z fvi‡Z co‡Z Avmv cvwK¯Ívwb‡`i Ici Kov bRi`vwi ïiæ n‡jv| †Mv‡`i Ici wel‡dvovi g‡Zv dzwi‡q G‡jv cvifx‡bi fvi‡Z _vKvi †gqv`| cwiw¯’wZ GZB †Nviv‡jv n‡jv †h, fviZxq bvMwiK‡Z¡i Rb¨ cvifxb w`wjø‡Z `ievi Ki‡jI gÄyi nIqvi Dcvq wQj bv| fvi‡Z _vKvi GKgvÎ Dcvq †Kv‡bv fviZxq bvMwiK‡K wb‡K Kiv| ZvB n‡jv| gvïKv‡K Kv‡Q ivL‡Z bvwmiDwÏb GZB gv‡avk wQ‡jb †h, AveŸv-Avw¤§‡K Rvbv‡bvi b~¨bZg †mŠRb¨‡K ¸wj †g‡i GK K_vq Kvwebbvgvq mB K‡i w`‡jb| AvwjM‡o GB S‡ov kvw`i Lei AwP‡iB

†cuŠ‡Q †Mj wgivU Qu‡y q wg‡mŠwi‡Z| Gme e¨vcvim¨vcvi †`‡L AveŸv-Avw¤§ KZUv nKPwK‡q †M‡jb, Kx Abvo¤^ifv‡e cywj‡ki bRi`vwi Gwo‡q wbïwZ iv‡Z beea~ cwZM„‡n †M‡jb I wd‡i G‡jb Ges Kx wb¯ú„nfv‡e cvifxb AšÍtmË¡v n‡jb I Avmbœ wcZ…‡Z¡i msev‡` bvwmiDwÏb KZLvwb D`vmxb iB‡jb Ñ GmeB w`j‡Lvjv Av›`v‡R eqvb n‡q‡Q AvZ¥Rxebx‡Z| wewei Mf©ve¯’vq wgTv †h w`wjø‡Z cvwo w`‡jb, b¨vkbvj ¯‹j z Ae Wªvgvq fwZ© n‡q AvwjMo‡K †egvjyg fz‡j †M‡jb, bZzb kn‡i G‡mB bZzb gvïKv‡Z gk¸j n‡jb ZvI nvZ Ly‡j wj‡L‡Qb bvwmiDwÏb| be`¤úwZi mšÍvb wnev Rb¥v‡bvi ciI †h wcZvi †Kv‡bv †nj‡`vj nb bv, eis cviwfb †gviv‡`i Rb¨ bvwmiDwχbi g‡b †h †cÖg wQj Zv Av‡iv eomo AvKvi wb‡q b¨vkbvj ¯‹j z Ae Wªvgvi Aa¨ÿ Beªvwng AvjKvwRi c`Z‡j wb‡ew`Z n‡jv Ñ ZvI †Lvjmv Kiv n‡q‡Q| eB‡qi 127 cvZvq bvwmiDwÏb wjL‡Qb †h, GB K_ v¸‡jv covi ci Zuvi m¤ú‡K© cvV‡Ki g‡bvfve KZLvwb e`‡j hv‡e wZwb Rv‡bb bv| wKš‘ GZw`b ev‡` GB K_v¸‡jv Keyj Kiv Zuvi `iKvwi g‡b n‡”Q| AvZ¥Rxebx †h GKvav‡i AvZ¥KЂqb I Av‡Z¥v‡b¥vPb A¨vÛ †`b Iqvb †Wi cvZvq cvZvq Gfv‡eB Zvi cÖgvY `vwLj n‡q‡Q| nv‡gkvB bv-ejv evYxi Nb hvwgbxi gv‡S køxj-Akøx‡ji wec¾bK Avjc‡_ †n‡j`y‡j Ggb Pj‡Z ïiæ K‡i A¨vÛ †`b Iqvb †W †h co‡Z co‡Z wkD‡i I‡Vb cvVK| KRb cyiælcy½e cvi‡eb c‡b‡iv eQi eq‡m AvRwgi †_‡K mvB‡K‡j wK‡lbMo wM‡q `y-UvKvi wewbg‡q hvhvei bUwb‡`i Zuvey‡Z Xz‡K Ôeo n‡q IVviÕ e„ËvšÍ †kvbv‡Z? wbwl× gv`K †me‡bi cÖwZwµqv wb‡q cvZvi ci cvZv fiv‡Z? Mvwj‡ei Pwi‡Î Awfbq Kivi Rb¨ wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© f‚wi f‚wi wg‡_¨ mvwR‡q ¸jRvi‡K wPwV †jLvi K_v Keyj Ki‡Z? wKsev ÔAviÕ Av`¨vÿ‡ii Avov‡j b¨vkbvj ¯‹j z Ae Wªvgvi GK cÖv³bxi m‡½ Zuvi D_vjcv_vj †cÖ‡gi Mí †kvbv‡Z? Ggb †ivgnl©K M`¨ †Kv‡bv eKjgv †bIqv KjgwPi nvZ †_‡K †e‡iv‡e bv e‡jB bvwmiDwχbi Av‡Mi cÖR‡b¥i me fviZxq Awf‡bZvi AvZ¥Rxebx Av`‡Z Avgwm-A¤^‡ji PzwlKvwV, Avi A¨vÛ †`b Iqvb †W i‡qm‡q Zvwi‡q Zvwi‡q covi g‡Zv †KZve| cvV‡Ki g‡bvRM‡Z GB iPbvi cUf‚wg dzwU‡q Zzj‡Z †Póvi Kmyi K‡ibwb bvwmiDwÏb| †hfv‡e wZj wZj K‡i Awfb‡q G‡KKUv Pwi·K wZ‡jvËgv K‡i †Zv‡jb, †mfv‡eB Luwy U‡q Luwy U‡q cvwievwiK BwZnv‡mi ¸nvK›`‡i XzK‡Z w`‡q‡Qb Avgv‡`i| Avgiv †R‡bwQ Zuvi †`‡n AvdMvb i³ eB‡Q| Zuvi evevi VvKzi`v`v wQ‡jb wgiv‡Ui Kv‡Q mvi`vbv bv‡gi GK gnjøvi beve evnv`yi kvn| Zuvi gv‡qi cwiev‡ii m‡½ jZvq-cvZvq Ry‡o wQj evevi cwievi| AvwjMo gymwjg BDwbfvwm©wUi †`Šj‡Z wesk kZvãxi †Mvov †_‡K DËi fvi‡Zi iÿYkxj gymjgvb mgv‡R †h †Lvjv nvIqv eBwQj `yB cwieviB Zv‡Z fvm‡Z †c‡iwQj| Kvey‡ji gmb` U‡j DV‡j AvdMvb myjZvb Avgvbyjvø n †hB jÛ‡b Ni cvZ‡jb, bvwmiDwχbi evev Zuvi †g‡qi Bswjk wUDUi n‡q we‡j‡Z cvwo Rwg‡qwQ‡jb| G‡Z K‡i Zuvi mv‡nweqvbv Avi evB‡i bv †_‡K †fZ‡iI †gŠiwk cvÆv †M‡owQj| ckZz Avi dviwm Revb Zuv‡K †Q‡o †Mj bv wVKB, wKš‘ ÔAvs‡iwRÕ Av›`vR Zuvi a¨vbÁvb‡cÖg n‡q iBj| 1947 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv Avi †`kfvM †hB nvZ aivawi K‡i G‡jv, evevi `yB fvB GLvbKvi cvZZvwo ¸wU‡q cvwK¯Ív‡b cvwo Rgv‡jb| gv‡qi AvZ¥xq‡`i †KD P‡j †M‡jb, †KD i‡q †M‡jb| Zuvi evev †h m`¨¯^vaxb Ôwn›`y ivóªÕ-G †_‡K †M‡jb Zvi `y‡Uv KviY `‡k©‡Qb bvwmiDwÏb| GK, wb‡Ri bv‡g †Kv‡bv RwgRgv bv _vKvq Icv‡i wM‡q _vKv-LvIqvi myweav Zuvi n‡Zv bv| `yB, gvSeq‡m

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D×vi K‡ib| GiB g‡a¨ iƒcevb-iwn‡gi wbe©vm‡bi ev‡iv eQi c~Y© n‡j RswjivRv Zv‡`i GKveŸi ev`kvi Kv‡Q wb‡q hvb| GKveŸi ev`kv cig ggZvq iwng-iƒcevb‡K MÖnY K‡ib| hvÎv †k‡l `k©bv_x©iv KoK‡o †iv` gv_vq wb‡q evwo †divi Rb¨ c‡_ cv evovq| Avgiv K‡qKRb Qy‡U Pwj euvk-wUb w`‡q ˆZwi GKwU N‡i, †hwU hvÎvwkíx‡`i wMÖbiæg wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| †mLv‡b K_v nq K‡qKRb Awf‡bZv-Awf‡bÎxi m‡½| Zuviv Rvbv‡jb, biwms`xi †fjvbM‡i AvUwU mvRNi i‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ mvZwUi Ae¯’vb †fjvbMi cwðgcvovq Ges GKwU evwRi †gv‡o Aew¯’Z| hvÎvcvjvwUi Ab¨Zg Awf‡bZv Ges biwms`x †Rjv hvÎvwkí Dbœqb cwil‡`i mvaviY m¤úv`K wU GBP AvRv` Kvjvg 1978 mvj †_‡K hvÎv cwi‡ekbvi m‡½ m¤ú„³ i‡q‡Qb| wZwb Rvbvb, ebev‡m iƒcevb hvÎvwU bvbv bv‡g †`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b gÂvwqZ nq| iwng ev`kv I iƒcevb Kb¨v bv‡gI G-cvjvwU cÖPwjZ| Zuviv †hwU gÂvqb K‡i‡Qb, †mwUi wb‡`©kbv w`‡q‡Qb mvjvDwÏb evnvi| biwms`xi GKvwaK mvRN‡ii hvÎvwkíx‡`i AskMÖn‡Y ebev‡m iƒcevb hvÎvwU gÂvwqZ n‡q‡Q| iƒcevb Pwi‡Î whwb Awfbq K‡i‡Qb, Zuvi bvg dwi`v cvifxb| eqm AvbygvwbK 25| †b·Kvbvi c~e©ajv Dc‡Rjvi mvaycvov MÖv‡g Zuvi evwo| gqgbwms‡ni †Kv‡Zvqvwj _vbvi PlPlv GjvKvq Zuvi we‡q nq| 12 eQi Av‡M biwms`xi †fjvbM‡ii wgZv mvRN‡ii Aax‡b wZwb hvÎvcvjvq Ask wb‡Z _v‡Kb| Zuvi evev Bw`ªm Avjx, gv gwR©bv †eMg †_‡K ïiæ K‡i k^ïi-kvïwomn cwiev‡ii A‡b‡KB hvÎv‡ckvi m‡½ RwoZ i‡q‡Qb| cwiev‡i ¯^vgx QvovI `yB †Q‡j i‡q‡Q| ¯^vgx hvÎv`‡ji ev`bwkíx| wZwb Wªvg I c¨vW evRvb| cvifxb ebev‡m iƒcevb QvovI Av‡jvgwZ, Kv‡mg gvjv, Avcb `yjvj, ¸bvB wewe, Lvqiæb my›`ix, Kgjvi ebevmmn AšÍZ kZvwaK Szgyi I mvgvwRK hvÎvcvjvq Awfbq K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi AwfbxZ Gme hvÎv XvKv, PÆMÖvg, wm‡jUmn †`‡ki cÖZ¨šÍ A‡j cwi‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q| GgbwK hvÎvMvb MvB‡Z fvi‡ZI wZwb Avgwš¿Z n‡q wM‡q‡Qb| ebev‡m iƒcevb hvÎvwU‡Z cÂv‡kiI †ewkevi wZwb iƒcevb Pwi‡Î Awfbq K‡i‡Qb| Gi evB‡i Av‡jvgwZ cvjvwUI Zuvi †ewk MvB‡Z nq e‡j Rvbv‡jb| dwi`v cvifxb Rvbv‡jb, mvZ eQi eqm †_‡KB cvwievwiK m~‡Î wZwb hvÎvMv‡bi `‡j †Xv‡Kb| hvÎv cwi‡ek‡bi †ÿ‡Î GLb ch©šÍ mvgvwRK ev cvwievwiKfv‡e wZwb evavMÖ¯Í nbwb| hvÎvi Mvb I Awfbq cÖm‡½ cvifxb e‡jb, Ô†QvU‡ejv †_‡KB †`‡Lï‡b Mvb wkLwQ| GLb Avi winv‡m©j jv‡M bv| wb‡Ri †fZi A‡bK hvÎvcvjv Xz‡K †M‡Q, Af¨vm n‡q †M‡Q| eB‡qi (hvÎvMv‡bi cvÐzwjwc) wmb evB wmb, cvV evB cvV †UvUvj gyL¯’ nBqv †M‡Q|Õ hvÎvi wewfbœ ch©v‡q †cvkv‡Ki e`j cÖm‡½ cvifxb e‡jb, ÔGBUv †Zv Avw`hyM †_‡K P‡j Avm‡Q| GB iƒcevb †`‡L, Avgvi Av‡M huviv GB hvÎvi RM‡Z AvB‡Q, Zuv‡`i †cvkv‡Ki e¨envi †`‡L Avwg wkLwQ| †hgb e‡b hvIqvi mgq Kv‡jv kvwo wc›`v _vK‡Z nq, gvwmi evwo hvIqvi mgq Avevi Kvco †PBÄ Kiv jv‡M| Zvic‡i, iwng †Zv ¯^vgx, iƒcevb Pzj w`qv iwn‡gi cv gyQ‡ZB cv‡i, GBUv e¨vcvi bv| GBme †`‡L †`‡LB Avgiv wkLwQ|Õ Ôg‡b K‡ib, Avwg iƒcev‡bi Awfbq KiZvwQ, Avwg wb‡R‡K g‡b Kwi ev¯Í‡eB iƒcevb| Zvi R‡b¨ wfZi †_‡K Av‡eMUv iƒcev‡biB Av‡m| Avwg g‡b Kwi, KvwnwbUv cÂvk eQi Av‡Mi ev GKk eQi Av‡Mi †nvK, nq‡Zv GUv ev¯Íe wQj,

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†Zvgvi cÖfve †`wL bv _vwK GKvwK \ Z‡e A¯^xKvi Kiv hvq bv, Zuvi eªþ hyw³i wbh©vm| Ges GB hyw³i msMÖv‡g iZ wZwb wbišÍi| †gvUv `v‡M GKwU Zzjbv w`‡q ejv hvq, Zuvi Ck¦i Iì †U÷v‡g‡›U †gv‡R‡mi †R‡nvfv; Avi iex›`ªbv‡_i Ck¦i wbD †U÷v‡g‡›U whïwLª‡ói wcZv| GB KiæYvNb Ck¦‡ii mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i aviYv iPbv K‡ib †`‡e›`ªbv_| eªvþag© cÖwZôv K‡ib wZwbB| Zuvi AvZ¥Rxebx †_‡K †eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj †kvbv‡”Qb Ñ ÔhLb Dcwbl‡` †`wLjvg Ô†mvn&gw¯§Õ wZwbB AvwgÕ, ÔZË¡gvmÕ wZwbB Zzwg, ZLb Avevi †mB Dcwbl‡`i Dc‡iI wbivk nBqv cwojvg| GB Dcwbl`I Avgv‡`i mKj Afve `~i Kwi‡Z cv‡i bv, ü`q‡K c~Y© Kwi‡Z cv‡i bv|... cweÎ ü`‡qB eª‡þi Abyôvb| cweÎ ü`qB eªvþa‡g©i cËbf‚wg| †mB ü`‡qi m‡½ †hLv‡b Dcwbl‡`i wgj, Dcwbl‡`i †mB evK¨B Avgiv MÖnY Kwi‡Z cvwi| ü`‡qi m‡½ hvnvi wgj bvB †m evK¨ Avgiv MÖnY Kwi‡Z cvwi bv|Õ GLv‡b wKš‘ g~j ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi hyw³wm× Ae¯’vb †_‡K wKQyUv m‡i Avmvi Bw½Z cvB| ivg‡gvn‡bi hvÎv wQj g~jZ gb‡bi c‡_| †`‡e›`ªbv_ Zuv‡K A‡bKLvwb Nywi‡q w`‡jb ÔAvZ¥cÖZ¨q-wm×-Áv‡bv¾¡wjZ weï× ü`qvwfgy‡L| †evanq ag©-ms¯’vcb Ki‡Z PvB‡j GQvov c_ _v‡K bv| Z‡e G‡Z K‡g©i †hŠw³K weKvk ÿzYœ nq Ges e¨w³ AvZ¥gMœZvq D×vi †Luv‡R, GgbwUi m¤¢vebv †h †e‡o hvq, Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv hvq bv| Gi cÖfve iex›`ªbv‡_i IciI c‡owQj| Z‡e Dcwbl‡` †hLv‡b †`‡e›`ªbv_ Av¯’v nvwi‡qwQ‡jb, †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv AmsMwZ Av‡Q e‡j Avgvi g‡b nq bv; Ñ hw`I AmsMwZ _vKv LyeB ¯^vfvweK| Ges Zv Ab¨ eû RvqMvq Av‡Q| Dcwbl‡`i evYx¸‡jv cÖvq wZb‡kv eQi a‡i avivevwnK kÖæwZ‡Z msKwjZ n‡q G‡m‡Q| ev¯Í‡ei †cÖÿvcU µgvMZ e`‡j‡Q| †mB m‡½ cÖkœ gxgvsmvi RvqMvUvI m‡i m‡i †M‡Q| GgbwUB ¯^vfvweK| gvby‡li g‡bvRM‡Zi wµqvI ¯’vb-Kv‡j Av‡cwÿK| Z‡e Ô†mvn&gw¯§Õ I ÔZË¡gwmÕi †fZi †Kv‡bv ¯^we‡iva †bB| C‡kvcwbl‡` †h-†køv‡K Ô†mvn&gw¯§Õ Av‡Q Zv‡Z ejv n‡”Q, Ô†n m~h© †n GKvwK cw_K, †Zvgvi †R¨vwZiwk¥ mseiY Ki, hv‡Z †Zvgvi Kj¨vYZg iƒc Avwg †`L‡Z cvB| †Zvgvi †fZ‡i †h cyiæ‡li wbZ¨ Ae¯’vb, AvwgI †mB|Õ Avi Qv‡›`vM¨ Dcwbl‡` AviæwY-†k¦Z‡KZz-K_v‡Z wcZv AviæwYcyÎ †k¦Z‡KZz‡K eªþwe`¨v †kLv‡”Qb, Ñ Ôb¨‡MÖva (eU) e„‡ÿi †Kvb d‡j Zvi ex‡Ri †fZ‡i hv A`„k¨ n‡q we`¨gvb, jeYv³ R‡j A`„k¨ n‡qI †hgb je‡Yi Aw¯ÍZ¡ _v‡K, †Zgb me©f‚ZvšÍivZ¥v mewKQy‡Z jxb n‡q Av‡Q| R‡j-¯’‡j-AšÍix‡ÿ, m‡e‡Z Zv A_©vr meB Zv| ZzwgI ZvB|Õ GKB K_v `yfv‡e Nywi‡q ejv| Ges GLvb †_‡K me©vw¯Íev‡` AwfhvÎv| iex›`ªbv_ wKš‘ Ggb LUKvq c‡obwb| c~iexi ÔmvweÎxÕ KweZvq cvB C‡kvcwbl‡`i IB evYxi UvKvm‡gZ cÖvq AvÿwiK cybive„wË : Ñ Ô†Zvgvi †nvgvwMœ gv‡S Avgvi m‡Z¨i Av‡Q Qwe,/ Zv‡i b‡gv bg|/ Zwgmªmywßi K‚‡j †h eskx evRvI, Avw` Kwe,/ aŸsm Kwi Zg/ †m eskx AvgviB wPË Ñ Õ ÔZË¡gwmÕI G‡Z wg‡k hvq| KviY GB ÔAvwgÕ †Kv‡bv GKK ÔAvwgÕ bq, mg¯Í wKQy‡Z, mg¯Í wKQyi AvZ¥mËv| AcÖvmw½K n‡jI GLv‡b Ab¨ GKwU welq †U‡b Avwb| cvebvi wmivRM‡Ä VvKzi-cwiev‡ii wQj wekvj GRgvwj Rwg`vwi| †`‡e›`ªbv_I Zvi GK eo Askx`vi wQ‡jb| cÖRv‡`i Ici mywePvi Kivq VvKzi-G‡÷‡Ui mybvg wQj bv| 1872-73 mv‡j wmivRM‡Ä GK K…lK-we‡`ªvn nq| Zv cwiPvwjZ nq †h

gvwU‡Nulv gvby‡li cÖv‡Yi AvwZ© ZË¡K_vq Gm‡e †g‡U| AZ gvwU‡Nulv hviv bq, Zv‡`iI| ev¯Í‡e IB mg‡q ivgK…ò‡`‡ei Avwef©ve eªvþ-Av‡›`vj‡bi cv‡ji nvIqv A‡bKUvB †K‡o †bq| Zuvi wkl¨ we‡eKvb›` Aek¨ m¤¢eZ bv ey‡SB Zuvi fveg~wZ©‡K wLªóvb hvRK‡`i AbyKi‡Y ivgK…ò wgk‡bi msKxY© MwЇZ euv‡ab| Gi my`~icÖmvix dj fv‡jv nqwb| cÖavb cuvP Rwg`vwi gvwjKvbvi weiæ‡×, VvKzi-G‡÷UI Zvi GKwU| m¤¢eZ †`‡e›`ªbv_ ZLb Zuvi Ôü`q gv‡SÕ eª‡þi WvK †kvbvq GZ AvZ¥gMœ †h, cÖRv‡`i nvnvKvi Zuvi Kv‡b †cuŠ‡Qvqwb| ¯’vbxq bv‡qe-†Mvg¯Ív-cvBK-†cqv`v-eiK›`vRiv Zv‡`i `ytkvmb jvMvgnxb Pvwj‡q hvq| cÖwZwµqvq IB K…lK-we‡`ªvn| Gi mydj †h wKQy d‡j bv, Zv bq| GiB cwiYv‡g 1885 mv‡j cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvB‡bi ms‡kvabx‡Z Rwg`vi‡`i B”Qvg‡Zv Rwg †_‡K cÖRv DrLvZ eÜ nq| iex›`ªbv_ mvRv`cy‡i Av‡mb Zvi eQicuv‡PK c‡i| cÖRv‡`i m‡½ AvPvi-AvPi‡Y ˆelg¨ wZwb `~i KiviB †Póv K‡i‡Qb| nq‡Zv wZwb Dcwbl‡`i Ôiƒcs iƒcs cÖwZiƒ‡cv ef‚e| iƒcs iƒcs cÖwZiƒ‡cv ewnð \Õ Ñ GB evYxi mvimZ¨ Avcb †PZbvq Zvi e¨envwiK Kj¨vYKiZvq GKfv‡e ü`q½g K‡i Zv‡K ev¯Í‡ei m‡½ †gjv‡Z PvBwQ‡jb| Av‡iv GKUv e¨vcvi nq‡Zv ZZ AcÖvmw½K bq, wKš‘ GB eB‡qi †PŠnwχZ Av‡m bv, GKUz Qyu‡q hvB| GwU IB KjKvZv‡ZB ivgK…ò cignsm‡`‡ei Avwef©ve| wZwb wQ‡jb †`‡e›`ªbv‡_i mgmvgwqK wKš‘ †gRv‡R, †`kbvq m¤ú~Y© wecixZ †giæi| cÖvq AwkwÿZ, Z_vKw_Z f`ª‡eóbxi evB‡i, GK AmvaviY cÖwZfvevb KvÐÁvbm¤úbœ PvjPz‡jvnxb Kvjx‡meK, wZwb hyM‡PZbv‡K †hfv‡e AvZ¥¯’ K‡iwQ‡jb Ges GK mij, cÖvq-MÖvg¨ wKš‘ eyw×`xß fvlvq cÖvmv`evmx †_‡K cY©KzUx‡ii AgvwbZ-Rb‡`i m‡½ Aejxjvq †hvMv‡hvM M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb, Zv †Kv‡bv wkÿvwfgvbx gvwR©Z eveym¤úª`v‡qi Kv‡iv c‡ÿ m¤¢e nqwb| g‡n›`ªbv_ ¸‡ßi m¤úv`bvq Zuvi ˆ`bw›`b K_KZvi msKjb, kÖx kÖx ivgK…ò K_vg„Z gvwU‡Nulv Rxeb †_‡K †Q‡b †bIqv Dcgv, iƒcK, DcK_vq †gkv‡bv GK Avðh© m¤ú`| wZwb †Kv‡bv bZzb w`K wb‡`©k K‡ib bv| e‡jb, hZ gZ, ZZ c_| meB wg‡j‡Q GK RvqMvq| wb‡R KvjxmvaK| Avcbg‡b †M‡q I‡Vb ivgcÖmv`x, Ôgb †i, K…wlKvR Rv‡bv bv| Ggb gvbeRwgb iBj cwZZ, Avev` Ki‡j dj‡Zv †mvbv|Õ A_ev, ÔmKjB †Zvgvwi B”Qv, B”Qvgqx Zviv Zzwg| †Zvgvi Kg© Zzwg Ki gv, †jv‡K e‡j Kwi Avwg\Õ wKsev ARmª GiKg Avi me Mvb| G‡`i ZË¡K_v eªvþZ‡Ë¡i m‡½ †Kv‡bv we‡iva ˆZwi K‡i bv eis GKB K_v e‡j| gvwU‡Nulv gvby‡li cÖv‡Yi AvwZ© ZË¡K_vq Gm‡e †g‡U| AZ gvwU‡Nulv hviv bq, Zv‡`iI| ev¯Í‡e IB mg‡q ivgK…ò‡`‡ei Avwef©ve eªvþ-Av‡›`vj‡bi cv‡ji nvIqv A‡bKUvB †K‡o †bq| Zuvi wkl¨ we‡eKvb›` Aek¨ m¤¢eZ bv ey‡SB Zuvi fveg~wZ©‡K wLªóvb hvRK‡`i AbyKi‡Y ivgK…ò wgk‡bi msKxY© MwЇZ euv‡ab| Gi my`~icÖmvix dj fv‡jv nqwb| we‡eKvb‡›`i mgmvgwqK iex›`ªbv_I ivgK…ò‡`e‡K h‡_vwPZ gh©v`vB w`‡q‡Qb| 1342 e½v‡ã ivgK…ò Rb¥kZevwl©Kx‡Z wZwb †h AvšÍwiK kÖ×v wb‡e`b K‡ib, Zv‡ZB G dz‡U I‡V : ÔkZ mva‡Ki eû mvabvi aviv/ †aqv‡b †Zvgvi wgwjZ n‡q‡Q Zviv|/ †Zvgvi Rxe‡b Amx‡gi jxjvc‡_/ b~Zb

Zx_© iƒc wbj G RM‡Z;/ †`k-we‡`‡ki cÖYvg Avwbj Uvwb/ †m_vq Avgvi cÖYwZ w`jvg Avwb|Õ GKw`K †_‡K iex›`ªbv_‡K †evSvi Rb¨I G Lye Zvrch©c~Y©| we‡kl K‡i Zuvi eªþfvebv‡K| MxZvÄwj †cwi‡q wZwb †M‡q I‡Vb ÔAvgvi mKj i‡mi aviv/ †Zvgv‡Z AvR †nvK-bv nviv ÑÕ| †evSv hvq Zuvi g‡b wbišÍi eªþfvebvq iƒcvšÍi N‡U P‡j‡Q| †eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj Mfxi Awfwb‡e‡k †mB iƒcvšÍ‡ii c_wU †Qu‡K Zz‡j G-eB‡q Avgv‡`i mvg‡b †g‡j a‡i‡Qb| Avgiv K…ZÁ †eva Kwi| ivgK…ò‡`e Avcbg‡b cÖvqB ej‡Zb, Ôgvbyl wK Kg MvÕ, A_ev ÔAvgv‡K i‡m-e‡k ivwLm gv|Õ iex›`ªbv_ Aek¨B Zuvi Avm‡i KL‡bv _v‡Kbwb| hLb ivgK…‡òi †`nvemvb nq Ñ Dwbk kZ‡K Av‡Ui `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS Ñ ZLb iex›`ªbv_ DVwZ hyeK| ivg‡gvnb †`‡e›`ªbv‡_i AbymvixB ïay bb, wcZ…-AvÁvq Avw` eªvþmgv‡Ri mvsMVwbK Kg©Kv‡ÐI RwoZ| Zey ïiæ †_‡KB wZwb A‡bKLvwb `jQyU| cÖvwZôvwbK ag©cvj‡b wbiæ`¨g| Zuvi ¯^xKv‡ivw³‡Z Gme K_v †eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj Rvwb‡q‡Qb| AvbyôvwbKZv‡K AkÖ×v bv K‡iI Kwe wb‡Ri g‡Zv P‡j‡Qb| GKmgq AvbyôvwbKZvi AveiY L‡m c‡o‡Q| ZLb AvbyôvwbKZvB Zuvi wcQy wcQy Qy‡U‡Q| †Zàvbœ eQi eq‡m AvZ¥¯’ iex›`ªbv_ †M‡q I‡Vb, ÔAvwg ü`‡q‡Z c_ †K‡UwQ, †m_vq PiY c‡o,/ †Zvgvi †m_vq PiY c‡o Ñ|Õ GKB iKg ÔAvcb n‡Z evwni n‡q evB‡i `uvov,/ ey‡Ki g‡a¨ wek¦‡jv‡Ki cvwe mvov \Õ Av‡iv Mvb, cuqlwÆ eQi eq‡m, ÔPvwnqv †`‡Lv i‡mi †mªv‡Z i‡Oi †LjvLvwb Ñ |Õ Ggb D`vniY wgj‡e cÖPzi| †Lqvj Kwi, Zuvi weewZ©Z eªþfvebv ivgK…‡òi ïf Kvgbv, Ô†Zvgvi ˆPZb¨ †nv‡KÕi m‡½ GKB RvqMvq G‡m †g‡j| Z‡e wZwb †e‡o‡Qb Zuvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv| ivgK…ò‡K Qvwo‡qI †M‡Qb| Rxe‡bi †klcÖv‡šÍ G‡m AKz‡É Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Ñ †eMg AvKZvi KvgvjI cig kÖ×vq D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Ñ ÔAvgvi Mv‡bi g‡a¨ mwÂZ n‡q‡Q w`‡b w`‡b/ m„wói cÖ_g inm¨, Av‡jv‡Ki cÖKvk,/ Avi m„wói †kl inm¨, fv‡jvevmvi Ag„Z|/ Avwg eªvZ¨, Avwg gš¿nxb,/ mKj gw›`‡ii evwn‡i/ Avgvi c~Rv AvR mgvß nj/ †`e‡jvK †_‡K/ gvbe‡jv‡K,/ AvKv‡k †R¨vwZg©q cyiæ‡l/ Avi g‡bi gvby‡l Avgvi AšÍiZg Avb‡›`|Õ eqm ZLb Zuvi cuPvËi| Z‡e cÖ_g Rxe‡b `xÿvi †ik GLv‡bI †_‡K hvq Ñ Zv †kl `yB Pi‡Y, †hLv‡b Zuvi †PZbvq, dz‡U I‡V ÔAvKv‡k †R¨vwZg©q cyiælÕ I Ôg‡bi gvby‡l AšÍiZg Avb›`|Õ Ôg‡bi gvby‡lÕ Aek¨ evDj AvKzwZi †ikI wg‡k hvq| Ôwkí`k©bÕ I Ô†cÖg`k©bÕ wb‡q eBwU‡Z hv cvB Zv‡Z F× nB| welq¸‡jvi Ici †h bZzb Av‡jv c‡o, Zv‡Z Avgv‡`i †`LviI we¯Ívi N‡U| Gme wb‡q Av‡jvPbv gyjZwe †i‡L huviv co‡eb, Zuv‡`iB eis IB covi †fZi w`‡q wb‡Ri wb‡Ri

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gvm ci Ñ Av‡iv we¯Í…Z K‡i, AvU Pi‡Yi RvqMvq evwo‡q wZwik Pi‡Yi KweZvq iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i Zuvi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ (hZ`~i g‡b co‡Q) fMœü`‡qi DrmM©c‡Î DwÏóv‡K wb‡e`b K‡ib| GB DwÏóv bvix kÖxgZx †n| Avm‡j GB †n-i Avov‡j whwb wQ‡jb, Zuv‡K wZwb †Ljv”Q‡j Ô†n‡KwUÕ e‡j WvK‡Zb| A‡bK c‡i GB GKB bvixi ¯§i‡Y ejvKvq Zuvi AwZweL¨vZ ÔQweÕ-KweZv, Rxe‡bi cÖvšÍ‡ejvq AvKvk cÖ`x‡c Ôea~Õ, Ôk¨vgvÕ I ÔKuvPv Avg|Õ AwZmn‡RB kbv³ Kiv hvq ev¯Í‡ei †mB bvix‡K, whwb Mv‡b, KweZvq n‡q I‡Vb cÖwZgv| Rxe‡bi aªæeZviv Kivi mgq wZwb wQ‡jb †Pv‡Li mvg‡b| c‡i Avi †bB| Ôea~Õ KweZvi (1938 wLª.) ïiæ‡Z cwo : VvKzigv `ªæZ Zv‡j Qov, †hZ c‡o; fveLvbv g‡b Av‡Q Ñ eD Av‡m PZz‡`©vjv PÕ‡o

Avg-KuvVv‡ji Qv‡q, Mjvq †gvwZi gvjv, †mvbvi PiYPµ cv‡q \ Avi †klUzKz :

g‡Zv K‡i GB AwfÁZvq kwiK nIqvi AvnŸvb RvbvB| Avwg ïay fvebvwek¦ †_‡K e¯‘we‡k¦ Zv wgwj‡q †bIqvi m¤¢vebv GKUz LwZ‡q †`wL| Aek¨ wbg©j ü`q bv _vK‡j ev `„wó Avwej n‡j Avgvi K_vi K`h©I †KD Ki‡Z cv‡ib| iex›`ªbv_ wb‡RB e‡j‡Qb, Ô†`eZv‡i wcÖq Kwi, wcÖ‡q‡i †`eZv|Õ †`eZv e¯‘MÖvn¨ bq| Zvi evm n‡Z cv‡i ˆPZb¨‡jv‡K| ˆPZb¨ Aek¨ wek¦vwZM bq| cÂf‚‡Zi mg‡eZ A`„k¨ wµqvi D‡Ïk¨nxb cwiYvg cÖwZwU cÖv‡Y e¨w³‰PZb¨| GB cwiYvg wb‡q cÂf‚Z wbwe©Kvi| †gav Kv‡iv †ewk, Kv‡iv Kg, GUv wbZvšÍB AvcwZK| ivwk-weÁv‡b hv‡K e‡j i¨vÛg wWw÷ªweDkb (Random distribution), GI †Zgb| m¤¢vebv-ZË¡ w`‡q †KD Zvi gvbwPÎ AuvKvi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡ib nq‡Zv| gvbewe‡k¦ cvi¯úwiK †cÖgI, hw` ¯^vaxb e„wˇZ cwiPvwjZ nq Abyiƒc| Aek¨ ¯’vb-Kvj-mgvRmsmvi Zvi †ÿ·K msKzwPZ K‡i| Zvi c_‡K wbw`©ó K‡i| G‡K cy‡ivcywi AwZµg Ki‡Z cvi‡j †cÖ‡gi ¯^qswmw×| ˆeòe c`vewj †mw`‡KB hvq| Aí eq‡mB iex›`ªbv_ Zv‡Z g‡RwQ‡jb, G-K_v wZwb wb‡R e‡j‡Qb| †eMg AvKZvi KvgvjI †mw`‡K Avgv‡`i `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i‡Qb| hw` †Zgb N‡U, Z‡e cvw_©e †cÖ‡gI eªþ¯^v` m¤¢e| iex›`ªbv‡_i eªþmsMx‡Z †Kv_vI †Kv_vI wK †Zgb wKQy DuwK †`q bv? Zuvi Dwbk eQ‡ii iPbv eªþmsMxZ, Ô†Zvgv‡iB KwiqvwQ Rxe‡bi aªæeZvivÕ (1880 wLª.)| c‡ii eQi Ñ †Mvbv¸bwZ mvZ

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AK¯§vr GKw`b Kvnvi cik in‡m¨i ZxeªZvq †`‡n g‡b RvMv‡jv nil; Zvnv‡i ïav‡qwQby Awff‚Z gyn~‡Z©B,

ÔZzwgB wK †mB, Auvav‡ii †Kvb& NvU n‡Z G‡mQ Av‡jv‡Z!Õ Dˇi †m †n‡mwQj PwKZ we`y¨r, Bw½‡Z Rvbv‡qwQj, ÔAvwg Zvwi `~Z; †m i‡q‡Q me cÖ‡Z¨‡ÿi wc‡Q wbZ¨Kvj †m ïay Avwm‡Q|Õ bÿÎwjwci c‡i †Zvgvi bv‡gi Kv‡Q

hvi bvg †jLv iwnqv‡Q, Abvw` AÁvZ hy‡M †m P‡o‡Q Zvi PZz‡`©vjv

wdwi‡Q †m wPic_‡fvjv

†R¨vwZ‡®‹i Av‡jvQv‡q Ñ Mjvq †gvwZi gvjv, †mvbvi PiYPµ cv‡q \Õ GB KweZvi ¯Íw¤¢Z-cweÎ-†e`bv Avgv‡`i ü`q Qyu‡q AvKvk ¯úk© K‡i| wKš‘ Avgiv hw` Av‡iv GKUz †KŠZ‚njx n‡q †fZ‡i ZvKv‡bvi †Póv Kwi, Zvn‡j wK †`wL bv, ÔbÿÎwjwci c‡iÕ Kwei Ôbv‡gi Kv‡Q hvi bvg †jLv iwnqv‡QÕ, hvi ÔMjvq †gvwZi gvjv, †mvbvi PiYPµ cv‡qÕ, Avi ÔcÖ‡Z¨‡ÿi wc‡Q wbZ¨Kvj (†h) ïay Avwm‡QÕ, `yB-B mgvb c~Y©| iex›`ªbv‡_i wcÖq Dcwbl`gš¿ Ôc~Y©g` : c~Y©wg`s c~Y©vr c~Y©gy`P¨‡Z Ñ Õ IUv c~Y©, GUvI c~Y©, c~Y© †_‡KB c~‡Y©i D™¢e Ñ Õ GiB fve wK GLv‡b cÖmvwiZ nq bv? eªþfvebv Aa©bvixk¦i nIqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c~Y©cyiæl-c~Y©bvix, Df‡qi †fZ‡iB Zv Avjv`v-Avjv`v c~Y©iƒc †c‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv Av‡iv A‡bK A‡bK eªþmsMx‡Z GB GKB bvixi e¨vwß Av›`vR Ki‡Z cvwi| D`vniY wn‡m‡e `y‡Uv Mv‡bi w`‡K bRi w`B| cÖ_gwU ÔAvgvi †Ljv hLb wQj †Zvgvi m‡b/ ZLb †K Zzwg Zv †K RvbZ|...Õ Gi †kl `y‡Uv PiY, Ô†Zvgvi PiYcv‡b bqb Kwi bZ/ fzeb `uvwo‡q Av‡Q GKvšÍ \Õ wØZxqwU Ô†Ljvi mvw_, we`vq Øvi †Lv‡jv Ñ / Gevi we`vq `vI|/ †Mj †h †Ljvi †ejv Ñ Õ| cÖ_g MvbwU †jLv iex›`ªbv‡_i DbcÂvk eQi eq‡m, wØZxqwU †jLvi mgq Zuvi eqm GKlwÆ| GKUv K_v GLv‡b mweb‡q wb‡e`b Kwi, hw`I †Kv‡bv ¯^xK…Z AwaKvi Avgvi

†bB Ñ ÔeªvZ¨ÕB ejv hvq| iex›`ªbv‡_i eªþfvebv µgvMZ e`‡j‡Q| ïiæ‡Z Zuvi me bq, Z‡e AwaKvsk eªþmsMxZ wQj cÖejfv‡e ivg‡gvnb-†`‡e›`ªbv‡_i Abymvix| GgbwK c‡i kvwšÍwb‡KZbcÖeÜgvjv‡ZI Zvi †ik †_‡K †M‡Q| Avw` eªvþmgv‡Ri `vßwiK `vwqZ¡I Zuv‡K †Mvôxfvebvi gyLcvÎ K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| IB mg‡q, A_©vr we‡klfv‡e Dwbk kZ‡Ki Avwki `k‡K I c‡i kvwšÍwb‡KZb c‡e© †MvôxcwZi f‚wgKvq Zuvi cy‡ivcywi ¯^vaxb Kɯ^i wK Avgiv cvB? MxZweZv‡b Zuvi wZivwkwU Mv‡bi †fZi evqvbœwUB IB kZ‡Ki Avwki `kK cvi nIqvi Av‡M †jLv| me mgq wZwb wb‡Ri g‡Zv P‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ wb‡Ri g‡Zv PjvUvI A‡bK mg‡q mvgvwRK I cvwievwiK HwZ‡n¨i Am‡PZb AbymiY n‡q hvq bv wK? ZvB wZwb e‡j‡Qb ev †M‡q‡Qb e‡jB Zv Zuvi g‡Zv, GUv †evanq wbwe©Pv‡i a‡i †bIqv wVK bq| Avgiv Rvwb, GB evsjvi MÖv‡g G‡m mivmwi AK…wÎg gvby‡li ms‡hvM Zuvi ü`qe„wË I wPšÍve„wË `y‡qiB cÖmvi NUvq| G-K_v wZwb †`‡k-we‡`‡k AKz‡É e‡j †M‡Qb evievi| evDj-mvnPh© Zuvi eªþfvebv‡ZI Qvc †d‡j‡Q| GKBfv‡e Qvc †d‡j‡Q wek kZ‡Ki †Mvovq e½f½ i` Av‡›`vjb| MxZvÄwji ÔRbbx, †Zvgvi KiæY PiYLvwb/ †nwiby, AvwR G AiæY wKiY iƒ‡c\Õ MvbwU Zuvi mvZPwjøk eQi eq‡m iPbv| ivg‡gvnb, GgbwK, †`‡e›`ªbv‡_i Abymvix n‡qI wZwb wK eªvþgv‡Nvrm‡e G-Mvb MvB‡Z cvi‡Zb? Dj‡Uv, G‡K wK ¯^‡`k-ch©v‡qI †djv hvq bv?

MxZvÄwj c‡e©i ci Zuvi `„wó we‡k¦ cÖmvwiZ| ÿZ-jvwÃZ wek¦ wK Zuvi eªþfvebv‡K msk‡qi †`vjvP‡j †d‡jwb? `y‡Uv Mvb †e‡Q wbB| nvZ-Av›`v‡R bq, ey‡S-my‡S| cÖ_gwU Zuvi evnvËi eQi eq‡mi| †cÖÿvcU AvšÍR©vwZK A½‡b AwbðqZv I welYœZv, †mB m‡½ wbR evmf‚‡g DrKU mv¤úª`vwqK cvi¯úwiK wnsmv| Zuvi ˆah©Pz¨wZ N‡U, hLb Zuvi †Rvovmuv‡Kvi evwo‡ZB `v½vq DrLvZ n‡q GK`j Amnvq bi-bvix AvkÖq †bq| ciw`b kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b wd‡i cÖKvk¨ mfvq wZwb e‡jb, msKxY© ag©vÜZvi †P‡q weï× bvw¯ÍKZv A‡bK fv‡jv| GB gvbwmK AvNv‡Z `xY© n‡q wZwb †j‡Lb Ôc‡_i †kl †Kv_vq, †kl †Kv_vq, Kx Av‡Q †k‡l!/... AvR fvwe g‡b g‡b gixwPKv A‡š^l‡Y nvq/ eywS Z…òvi †kl †bB| g‡b fq jv‡M †mB Ñ / nvj-fvOv cvj-†Quov e¨_v P‡j‡Q wbiæ‡Ï‡k \Õ Avi wØZxqwU, †jLv Zuvi mvZvËi eQi eq‡m| Mv‡bi evYx wKQyUv : Ôw`bvšÍ‡ejvq †k‡li dmj wb‡jg Zix-Õc‡i,/ Gcv‡i K…wl nj mviv,/ hve Icv‡ii Nv‡U\/... hv-wKQy wb‡q Pwj †kl mÂq/ myL bq †m, `ytL †m bq, bq †m Kvgbv Ñ/ ïwb ïay gvwSi Mvb Avi `uv‡oi aŸwb Zvnvi ¯^‡i \Õ MxZweZv‡b †`wL, GwU †cÖg ch©v‡qi Mvb| Avi cÖ_gwU c~Rv-c‡e©i| `y‡UvB g‡b a›` RvMvq| hv †nvK, †h-cÖkœ g‡b Rv‡M, Zvn‡jv, G‡`i m‡½ wK †Kv‡bviKg eªþfvebv †g‡j?

Avgiv Rvwb, Aóg kZ‡K wKse`wšÍ eªþev`x ksKivPv‡h©i Avwef©ve nq| wZwb cÖPvi K‡iwQ‡jb, eªþmZ¨, RMr gvqv (Ô†gvngy˜M‡iÕ Zuvi cÖev‡`vcg Dw³, ÔKv Ze KvšÍv, K‡¯Í cyÎ;...Õ BZ¨vw`| G‡K VvÆv K‡i iex›`ªbv_ Mí wj‡LwQ‡jb, Ôgyw³i DcvqÕ)| Avi iex›`ªbv_ MvB‡jb, ÔAvgvi mKj i‡mi aviv †Zvgv‡Z AvR †nvK bv nviv... †Zvgvi iƒ‡c giæK Wz‡e Avgvi `ywU AuvwL Zviv \...Õ Zuvi eªþ GLb wek¦cÖK…wZ‡Z e¨vß| †eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj welqwUi PgrKvi cÖvÁ e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb eBwU‡Z Ôeª‡ÿi wbmM©vqbÕ Aa¨v‡q| GKUv welq evievi Avgv‡`i mPwKZ K‡i| Zuvi mg‡q

weÁv‡bi AMÖMwZ iex›`ªbv_ AwZwbweofv‡e AbymiY K‡i G‡m‡Qb| i‡mi Kviev‡iI mZK© wQ‡jb| †hb †Kv_vI Zuvi fve-Kíbv weÁv‡bi cÖvMÖmi mxgv Qvwo‡q bv hvq| Ab¨ eBwU‡Z †eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj mwVK wb‡`©k K‡i‡Qb, †klch©v‡q iex›`ªbv‡_i Kv‡Q eªþ ¸YvZxZ-KíbvZxZ gnvk~‡b¨ aviY Kiv GKK me©vZ¥K †R¨vwZ®‹cyÄ| e‡j‡Qb, Dcwbl‡`i fvlvq Ôeªþ‡ZR¯^iƒcÕ| Rvwb‡q‡Qb Rxe‡bi †kl cÖn‡i Gi wbwe©Kvi fvebv Zuvi m„wóKjv‡ZI cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Zuvi Ôü`‡qi †Mvcb weRb N‡iÕ ÔZzwgÕI nvwi‡q hvq bv| †kl KweZvq g„Zz¨i AvUw`b Av‡M †jLv ˆPZ‡b¨i †kl we›`yUzKz †X‡j, myL bq, `ytL bq, Kvgbv bq, wbivm³, wbiv‡eM K‡É hvwcZ Rxe‡bi P‚ovšÍ Dcjwäi K_v †mB ÔZzwgÕ‡K †kvbvb| c‡ii Kw`b Kv‡U Mfxi A‡PZbvi fvmgvbZvq| GLv‡b GB eB‡qi m¤úK© †bB, wKš‘ GiB avivevwnKZvq Ajm gw¯Í‡®‹i cÖkœ GKUv mms‡Kv‡P Zz‡j awi| nq‡Zv Amvi, †Lvjv AvKv‡k Nywo Iov‡bv| Zey| iex›`ªbv‡_i wek¦ ev eªþ-†PZbv gvbemv‡c‡ÿ| wZwb ب_©nxb †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb AvBb÷vB‡bi m‡½ AvjvcPvwiZvq| c~iexi ÔAvwgÕ KweZv‡ZI ZviB cÖwZdjb| cÖkœUv I‡V wKš‘ GLv‡bB| cig (absolute) eªþ e‡j wK Zv n‡j wKQy _v‡K? AvR wek¦ m„wó-in‡m¨i †ek wKQyUv Rvbv| Zv‡Z k~b¨ (singularity condition) mËvq wekvj we‡ùvi‡Y wek¦eªþv‡Ði D™¢e I Zvici †_‡K µgvš^‡q we¯Ívi| Zv GL‡bv

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†eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj iex›`ªbv‡_i AvZ¥cwiP‡qi Abymi‡Y Zuvi KwemËv I ag©mËvi ¯^iƒc A‡š^lY K‡i‡Qb| ¯^fveZB Rxeb‡`eZvi K_v G‡m c‡o, hv Kwei AšÍ‡j©v‡K †_‡K ewn‡j©v‡K Zuv‡K cwiPvwjZ K‡i| cÖm½µ‡g mv¤úªwZKKv‡j eûj Av‡jvwPZ ijuv †e‡Z©i †jL‡Ki g„Zz¨-ZË¡wU G‡m‡Q| iex›`ª-fvebvi m‡½ wZwb Zuvi wgj-Awgj `yB-B jÿ K‡i‡Qb| Awbt‡kl| hw` Zv †kl nq I cÖ_g k~‡b¨i w`‡K ¸wU‡q Av‡m Ñ KLb, G-cÖkœ A_©nxb, KviY ÔKvjÕ-I IB we‡ùviYcÖm~Z, Ñ Ges G m¤¢vebvi K_v A‡b‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q fv‡eb, Z‡e gvbewe‡k¦i Kx cwiYwZ n‡e, Zv Kíbv Kiv hvq bv| Avi, gvbe-†PZbvcÖm~Z eªþ ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv aviYv-KíbvB ev _v‡K †Kv_vq? GUzKz AvR weÁv‡b GKiKg ¯^xK…Z †h, cÖvq mv‡o †Z‡iv wewjqb eQi Av‡M kw³ I c`v‡_©i D`q nq| mv‡o Pvi wewjqb eQi Av‡M GB c„w_ex MÖnwU AvKvi cvq| cÖv‡Yi †`Lv †g‡j cÖvq Pvi wewjqb eQi Av‡M| cÖ_g wØc`x cÖvYxi hLb †`Lv †g‡j Avwd«Kvq, Zvici †K‡U †M‡Q AvovB wgwjqb eQi| ZLb †_‡K gvbe cÖRvwZi weeZ©b| Zvn‡j gvbewek¦ ej‡j †Kv‡bv ÔcigÕ mZ¨ †g‡j bv| Kíbvq AvkÖq cvB nq‡Zv| GLv‡b eªþfvebv‡K †Kv_vq cvB? †Kv_vq ivwL? gvbemv‡c‡ÿ wb‡R‡`i †eu‡P _vKvi Aej¤^‡bi Rb¨ Avgiv †Kv‡bv ÔcigÕ‡K ¯’v‡b-Kv‡j cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z cvwi| wKš‘ msÁv‡_©B Zv mxwgZ Ges Aek¨B Av‡cwÿK| eªþvÐe¨vcx Av‡Q AmsL¨ bxnvwiKvcyÄ| cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡ZB _vK‡Z cv‡i †mŠiRMr| wgj‡Z cv‡i †m-m‡e eyw×gvb cÖvYx| wØZxq Avi GKwU cÖkœ mZ¨-wg_¨vi cÖv‡qvwMK e¨envi wb‡q| G wK ¯’v‡b-Kv‡j weeZ©vwqZ I weeZ©gvb bq? mij wek¦v‡m `yB‡qi ci¯úi-wew”Qbœ wecixZ hg‡K Avgiv Af¨¯Í _vwK| GUv A¨vwi÷Ujxq| iex›`ªbv‡_i wePv‡ii wfwËI GBiKg| G‡K A¯¿ wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i ew¼g‡K GK weL¨vZ Z‡K© wZwb †eKvq`vq †d‡jwQ‡jb| ew¼‡gi hyw³µgI wfbœ wQj bv| ZvB GKiKg †KvYVvmvB n‡q c‡owQ‡jb| wKš‘ ev¯Í‡ei †Kv‡bv Ae¯’vb, cwigvYMZ ev ¸YMZ, †Zv me mg‡q wØgyLx (binary) GUv A_ev IUv, Ggb bq| cÖZ¨‡ÿ ev AcÖZ¨‡ÿ Zv eûgvwÎK| Zv‡Z cÖvqkB me¸‡jv Dcv`vb GKgy‡Lv _v‡K bv| d‡j †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Aw¯Í‡Z¡, GUvB mZ¨, ev GUvB wg_¨v, Ggb kbv³KiY cÖvq Am¤¢e n‡q c‡o| ew¼g †h e‡jwQ‡jb, KL‡bv KL‡bv wg_¨vB mZ¨ nq, Zv‡K GB eûgvwÎK ZË¡-KvVv‡gvq †d‡j wZwb Zuvi hyw³ mvRvbwb| ZvB iex›`ªbv_ PovI nIqvi my‡hvM cvb| AvR Rvwb, ev¯Í‡e nu¨v-bvi AmsL¨ wgkÖY, wgkÖ‡YiI wgkÖY| †Kv‡bvwUi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv ev A‡hvM¨Zv ïay Zvi AšÍR©vZe„wËi Ici wbf©i K‡i bv| wel‡qi KZ©v †h ev hv, Zvi cQ›`-AcQ‡›`i IciI wbf©i K‡i| Ggb Ae¯’vq ï× cweÎ GKK eª‡ÿi Abb¨ ˆPZ‡b¨v™¢vwmZ †R¨vwZg©q wefve †Kv_vq cvB? hv cvB, Zv-I wK Av‡cwÿK bq?

Gme K_v wKš‘ GB eB‡qi Av‡jvPbvq cÖwÿß| GwU c‡o Avwg gy» n‡qwQ| Av‡jvwKZI n‡qwQ| Av‡iv A‡bK mywPwšÍZ I wPšÍv D‡`ªKKvix welq G‡Z Av‡Q| Zv‡`i Avwe®‹v‡ii Avb›` hviv co‡eb, Zuv‡`i Rb¨B †Zvjv _vK|

wZb

Ab¨ eB, iex›`ªbv_ : †h_vq hZ Av‡jv GKB iKg D¾¡j| Mfxi Awewb‡ek, gb‡bi Abvqvm we¯Ívi, welq wN‡i cwicv‡k¦© mRvM

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