Vol 11 issue 11 december 2014

Rb¥ : 29 wW‡m¤^i 1914

g„Zz¨ : 28 †g 1976 3

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Amnv‡qi g‡Zv| Rqbyj P‡j G‡jb KjKvZvq| wcQy wcQy †a‡q G‡jv Zuvi Qwei myLx, mg„× PwiÎiv Ñ K…lK, kÖwgK, †R‡j Ñ Aw¯’Pg©mvi Ñ Lv‡`¨i mÜv‡b ivRavbx KjKvZvq| Lvevi-†`vKv‡b mw¾Z Lvev‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q dzUcv‡Z †eIqvwik jvk n‡q g„Zz¨eiY Kij| Lvevi wQwb‡q †bIqvi K_v fve‡ZI cvij bv| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b cv_i n‡q †M‡jb| †Pv‡Li mvg‡b wZwb †`L‡jb Zuvi MÖv‡gi cÖwZ‡ekx AvZ¥xq¯^Rb †e‡Nv‡i g„Zz¨‡K Avwj½b Ki‡Q| gbyl¨m„ó GB `ywf©¶‡K wZwb `wjj K‡i ivL‡Z PvB‡jb| hy‡×i evRv‡i KvM‡Ri `yg~©j¨ I `y®úªv‡c¨i Kvi‡Y wZwb †e‡Q wb‡jb Clr njy` i‡Oi †gvUv c¨v‡KwRs KvMR| †gvUv Zzwj‡Z Kv‡jv i‡O wZwb AuvK‡jb Afy³ g„Z cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i| kxY© Aw¯’Pg©mvi †`n¸‡jv j¤^v‡U AvKvi wbj, Gj‡MÖ‡Kvi wdMv‡ii g‡Zv| †iLvi jvwjZ¨ †Mj gy‡Q| wdM‡ii Kv‡jv‡iLv ¯’v‡b ¯’v‡b f½yi| ïK‡bv Zzwji Uv‡b Qvqv Nbvq wdM‡i| gbyl¨m„ó BwZnv‡mi GB RNb¨Zg NUbv‡K wPÎvwqZ Ki‡jb †gvU KzwoLvbv Qwe‡Z| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi †Pv‡L ZLb is †bB| ïay g„Zz¨i Kv‡jv Qvqv| WªBs‡qi AmvaviY cwiwgwZ‡eva, Av‡jvQvqvi mvhyR¨ Ges †¯ú‡mi wefvR‡b Qwe¸‡jv n‡q DVj Mfxi, evO&gq| dzUcvZ, Wv÷webme©¯^ KjKvZv| cÖ‡qvRbvwZwi³ †Kv‡bv wKQy †bB| Lv`¨vfve cÖKU, gvby‡l-KzKz‡i jovB| Kv‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ| e¨Äbvgq cÖKvkfw½| mvivwek¦ wknwiZ n‡jv Zuvi m„ó g¨v‡Wvbv †`‡L| EaŸ©vKv‡k k~‡b¨ `„wó †g‡j Aa©kvwqZv gvZv, hvi GKnvZ iw¶Z k~b¨ _vjv, †Kv‡j nvwÇmvi wkï, ïK‡bv ¯—‡bi cÖwZ Zvi AvKzwZ Ñ ivdv‡qj, gvB‡Kj A¨v‡Ä‡jvi g¨v‡Wvbv‡K †hb e¨½ K‡i| `ywf©‡¶i GB wPÎgvjvi gva¨‡gB Rqbyj wek¦cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib| KjKvZvq G-Qwei cÖ`k©bx‡Z G‡mwQ‡jb wkícwZ weojv| Qwe¸‡jv †`‡L wZwb `ynv‡Z †PvL †X‡K wPrKvi K‡i D‡VwQ‡jb| mwi‡q bvI Qwe¸‡jv| KviY G-`ywf©¶ †Zv Zv‡`iB m„wó| cÖL¨vZ weªwUk wPÎ-mgv‡jvPK GwiL wbDU‡bi fvlvq : ÔG Qwe¸‡jv cÖvP¨ I cvðv‡Z¨i mgš^q hv A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q Amva¨ g‡b n‡Z cv‡i|Õ `ywf©‡¶i G-wPθ”Q Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi LyeB wcÖq wQj| GKwU Qwe‡KI wZwb nvZQvov K‡ibwb| G-Qwe¸‡jv AuvKvi mgq Kvgi“j nvmvb wQ‡jb Zuvi wbZ¨m½x| KvMR-Kvwj Nv‡o K‡i e‡q wb‡q †h‡Zb Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi wcQy wcQy| ZLbKvi KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i gyLcÎ ¯^vaxbZv cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q †ekwKQy Qwe| KzwoLvbv Qwe †_‡K ev‡ivLvbv e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Bjv †mb-iwPZ mykxj ¸ß-cÖKvwkZ Wv‡K©wbs †WR bvgK eB‡q| eBwUi wØZxq wk‡ivbvg wQj wes A¨v b¨v‡iwUf Ae †dwgb-w÷ª‡Kb †e½j| DB_ WªBsm d«g jvBd evB Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| Bjv‡÷ªkb kãwU GLv‡b e¨envi Kiv nqwb| AvU©¯‹z‡j hvIqvi Av‡MB Avgvi eªþcyÎ`k©b| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Qwei gva¨‡g eªþcyÎ Avgvi Kv‡Q †gvnbxq| miKvwi WvKevs‡jv Avi eZ© gvb Rqbyj msMÖ nkvjv, hv

kÖ‡gi gh©v`v †Zjis, cÂv‡ki `kK 11

GKmg‡q bwjbxiÄb miKv‡ii evwo wQj, Zvi cv‡kB eªþcyÎ| avi‡Nu‡l nuvUvi R‡b¨ iv¯—v| †mB iv¯—vi GKav‡i kkxf~lY jR| AwZmy›`i ¯’vcZ¨-wb`k©b| we‡K‡ji w`‡K mviv gqgbwmsn kni ILv‡b †f‡O c‡o| b`xi bxjvf Rj e‡q hvq KzjKzj| gwa¨Lv‡b †QvÆ Pi| mv`v evwj i“‡cvi g‡Zv SKS‡K| ZviciB Kvkeb Ñ mv`vdz‡j ki‡Zi evZv‡m Av‡›`vwjZ| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb G-b`xi| ZuviB eY©bvq mKv‡ji †iŠ`ªi‡O b`xRj D¾¡j| †R‡jiv †bŠ‡Kv wb‡q gvQ aivq e¨¯—| ZviB gv‡S Kvke‡bi GKv‡š— Rqby‡ji Qwe AuvKv Zv‡`i DrmyK K‡i †Zv‡j| AvMÖn wb‡q Qwe †`‡L| e‡j, ÔGLv‡b b`xi is Ggb Kx bxj, GKUz mvg‡b AvDMvb, `¨vL‡eb b`xi is `¨‡Zi Kvwji g‡Zv bxj|Õ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b‡K ZL‡bv Pv¶zl Kwiwb| gqgbwms‡ni AvKzqvq `~ieZx© †ijI‡q wmMb¨v‡ji Kv‡QB Ñ Rvgvjcyi hvIqvi w`KUvq Zuvi wcZvi Avevm| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b ZLb miKvwi PvKz‡i| KivwP‡Z cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii Pjw”PÎ I cÖKvkbv wefv‡Mi cÖavb wkíx| Avwg ZLb wcZvi Kg©¯’j gqgbwms‡n| g¨vwUªK cix¶v w`‡q e‡m AvwQ| AvKzqv‡ZB emevm| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi †QvUfvB Rybveyj Bmjvg Avgvi eofvB‡qi mncvVx Avb›`‡gvnb K‡j‡R| Zuvi Kv‡Q †kvbv †Mj, Rqbyj Av‡ew`b KivwPi PvKwi †Q‡o P‡j Avm‡Qb gqgbwms‡n| XvKvq AvU©¯‹zj n‡e| Avkvq eyK euvwa| †kl ch©š— AvU©¯‹z‡j co‡Z cvie| KjKvZv AvU©¯‹z‡j covevi mvg_©¨ wcZvi wQj bv| Avi †m-mg‡qB fviZel© wØLwÊZ n‡q †M‡Q| KjKvZv hvIqvi cÖkœB I‡V bv| wewPÎ cwi‡e‡k Rqbyj Av‡ew`b‡K Pv¶zl Kijvg| AvKzqvi gmwR`cyKz‡i Kv‡b AvOyj w`‡q Wye w`‡”Qb †MvmjiZ Ae¯’vq| wcZvi Avgš¿‡Y we‡K‡j evmvq G‡jb| Avgvi KvR †`L‡jb| ej‡jb, XvKvq Avgvi Kv‡Q cvwV‡q w`b| e¨m, AvU©¯‹z‡ji QvÎ n‡q †Mjvg| AvU©¯‹z‡j Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi mvwbœa¨, Zuvi c`cÖv‡š— wkíwk¶v, cy‡iv `„wófw½UvB Avgvi cvj‡U †Mj| iex›`ªbv‡_i fvlvq, G-wK bZzb Rb¥, bZzb Rb¥, bZzb Rb¥ Avgvi| Rb¥f~wg‡K Ae‡jvKb Kijvg Mfxi ggZvq| gvby‡li m½ bZzb AwfÁZvi Rb¥ w`j| mgMÖ ü`q GK bZzb i‡m wmwÂZ n‡jv| ZLb KZ eqm Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi? gvÎ ewÎk| †mB eq‡m Zuvi Mfxi Rxeb‡eva, Avgv‡`i RxebUv‡KB cvj‡U w`‡jv| Kx Hk¦‡h© Avgiv f~wlZ njvg Zv cieZx©Kv‡j Avgvi Dcjwä‡Z G‡m‡Q| ïay †Zv wkíx ˆZwi Kiv bq, GKRb Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl ˆZwi KivB wQj Zuvi Rxe‡bi eªZ| Qwe AuvKvi m‡½ m‡½ †kK‡oi mÜvb w`‡jb Ñ †Kv_vq Avgiv `uvwo‡q AvwQ| †mB †kKo‡K AUzU †i‡L Avgv‡`i †Kv_vq †h‡Z n‡e| wbmM©-Ae‡jvK‡b †h-wk¶v, †h-†mŠ›`‡h©i Dcjwä, †m-Dcjwä RvwM‡q Zzj‡jb Avgv‡`i †fZ‡i| mvaviY gvbyl †Zv my›`i †`L‡Z cvq bv| wkíxi KvR n‡”Q †m-my›`i‡K Zv‡`i †Pv‡L cwiùzU Kiv| 12

†jvKwk‡íi GKwU fv‡jv msMÖn wQj Rqby j Av‡ew`‡bi| Zuvi wek¦vm wQj, Avgv‡`i wk‡íi HwZn¨ n‡”Q Avgv‡`i †jvKwkí| GB wk‡íi wewfbœ iƒc‡K †f‡O bZzb iƒ‡ci m„wó wPÎwk‡í GKwU bZzb ˆkjxi Rb¥ †`‡e| †m-†PóvB wZwb K‡iwQ‡jb we‡`k †_‡K wd‡i G‡m| gqgbwms‡ni nv‡Z-†Ucv cyZz‡ji j¤^v Mjv Zuvi Qwe‡Z bZzb gvÎv G‡bwQj| †mB cyZz‡ji Mv‡qi bKkv GKwU bZzb †`¨vZbv G‡b w`‡qwQj Zuvi K¨vbfv‡m| GKwU cÖwZôvb Mo‡Z wM‡q wZwb Zuvi Kv‡Ri mgq msw¶ß K‡i †d‡jwQ‡jb, hvi R‡b¨ ¸wUKq Kv‡R ïay Zvi m¤¢vebvUvB Avgiv †`L‡Z †cjvg| Avgvi wek¦vm, hw` K¨vbfv‡mi †cQ‡b wZwb cy‡iv mgqwU e¨q Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb, Zvn‡j AvaywbK wPÎKjvq GKwU bZzb ˆkjxm„wói K…wZZ¡ Zuvi KivqË _vKZ| Zuvi msMÖ‡n evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ A‡ji wewfbœiKg gvwUi cyZzj, Kv‡Vi cyZzj, k‡Li nuvwo, bKwkKuv_v, j²xi miv, bKwkwcVv, bKwkcvLvi mgv‡iv‡n Avgiv gy» I wew¯§Z| wZwb Avgv‡`i Zuvi msMÖn h‡Zœi m‡½ †`Lv‡Zb| †evSv‡Zb, gva¨‡gi mxgve×Zvi Kvi‡Y Zvi msw¶ßKiY †h-bZzb KvVv‡gvi Rb¥ w`‡q‡Q GUvB n‡”Q m„wó| GKwU Hk¦‡h©i Ici †m-m„wó Av‡iKwU bZzb Hk¦h© aviY K‡i Av‡Q| A_P GB m„wói gyn~Z© KZ mijfv‡e ˆZwi| Kz‡gv‡ii nv‡Z hLb KvR _v‡K bv, Aemi mg‡q wkï‡`i g‡bvićbi R‡b¨, we‡kl K‡i `wi`ª wkï‡`i, Aí`v‡g wewµ Ges wkíxi evowZ †ivRMv‡ii GKwU c_ ˆZwii g‡a¨B GB Hk¦‡h©i Rb¥| †mŠ›`h©wccvmy GKRb wkíxi †PvL Avi wkïi gb‡fvjv‡bv iƒ‡ci GB wgkªY AevK Kivi g‡Zv| †eMg Av‡ew`‡bi GKwU AwfÁZv GLv‡b eY©bv Kwi| evwo‡Z Kv‡Ri eyqv Ñ Ni †gv‡Q, Kvco Kv‡P Ñ m‡½ Zvi wkïmš—vbwU| †mB †jvKwkí-msMÖ‡ni Avjgvwii mvg‡b mš—v‡bi AvKzwZ, cyZzjwU Zvi PvB| Av‡ew`b-wMwbœ wRf Kv‡Ub| me©bvk, e‡j Kx? Gme eo mv‡n‡ei| G¸‡jv PvIqv eviY| Kv‡Ri eyqv, cvBb¨vi gv AevK e‡b hvq| Zvi †Q‡j †h-cyZzj Pvq, evwoi mv‡neI †m-cyZzj Pvq| Qwei Mo‡bi †¶‡Î AvqZb, AvKv‡ii ¸i“Z¡ Qwei KvVv‡gvi IciB wbf©ikxj| my›`i GKwU Dcgv Avgv‡`i Dcnvi †`b Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| Zuvi fvlvq Ñ Kz‡gviiv †h-nuvwo ˆZwi K‡i Zvi bvbviKg AvKvi I Mob| DuPz †WŠ‡j ˆZwi fv‡Zi nuvwo, Pvj †m× nIqvi mg‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡b dzUš— cvwbi cwigv‡Yi Ici Zvi MfxiZv| †Zgwb eo gvQ ivbœv Kivi nuvwowUI gvSvwi †WŠ‡ji| Avevi †QvU gvQ muvZjv‡bvi R‡b¨ PvB P¨vZv‡jv nuvwo| Avgv‡`i ÁvbP¶z Db¥xwjZ nq| ïay Qwei m‡½B Avgv‡`i cwiPq NUvbwb Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| mvwnZ¨ I msMx‡Zi iv‡R¨I Avgv‡`i cÖ‡ek NUvb| msMx‡Zi myijnix Kxfv‡e gvbwmK Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b NUvq Ñ we‡kl K‡i †jvKmsMx‡Zi myi evsjv‡`‡ki gg©g~‡j †Kgb K‡i †cuŠ‡Q †`q, Zvi m‡½

cwiP‡q Zuvi AvMÖ‡ni K_v fy‡j hvIqvi bq| AvU©¯‹z‡ji †h-†Kv‡bv Abyôv‡b msMx‡Zi Avmi, we‡kl K‡i †jvKmsMxZ Acwinvh© wQj| ggZvR Avjx Lvb, Ave`yj Avjxg, KvbvBjvj kx‡ji m‡½ QvÎve¯’v‡ZB Avgv‡`i cwiPq N‡UwQj| GKUv mg‡q Rqbyj Av‡ew`b KvbvBjvj kx‡ji Kv‡Q †`vZvivi ZvwjgI wb‡qwQ‡jb| ïay †jvKmsMxZ bq, my‡hv‡Mi mبenv‡i Zuvi Rywo wQj bv| †mB mg‡q BD.Gm.AvB.Gm-G K¬` Kjwfb bv‡g GKRb KvjPvivj A¨v‡dqvm© Awdmvi G‡mwQ‡jb| wZwb wb‡MÖv w¯úwiPzqvj Lye fv‡jv MvB‡Zb| AvU©¯‹z‡j Zuv‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv n‡jv| wZwb Avgv‡`i Rvbv‡jb wb‡MÖv w¯úwiPzqv‡ji cðvrcU, wMUvi-mn‡hv‡M D`vniY †ck| G‡Zv my›`i Abyôvb Avwg GL‡bv fyj‡Z cvwiwb| cieZx©Kv‡j wb‡MÖv w¯úwiPzqv‡ji GKwU js-†c­ †iKW© msMÖn K‡iwQjvg, hvi g‡a¨ K¬` Kjwf‡bi MvIqv †Rwi‡Kv MvbwUI wQj| Gme Abyôv‡b Avgwš¿Z n‡Zb XvKvi we`»R‡biv| Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K, msMxZwkíx, Pjw”PÎKvi, Awf‡bZv Ñ Guiv mevB Avm‡Zb| Avgiv †cZvg Zuv‡`i `yj©f mvwbœa¨| ïbZvg Zuv‡`i Rxe‡bi ¯§iYxq me NUbv| m„wói †cQ‡bi bvbv mgm¨vi K_v Ges mgvav‡bi Dcvq Lyu‡R †eov‡bvi bvbv †ivgvÂKi AwfÁZv| fvev hvq, AvU©¯‹z‡ji GK eb‡fvR‡b Kwe Rmxg D`&`x‡bi m‡½ Avgv‡`i mnve¯’vb| Avgiv wM‡qwQ gqgbwms‡ni gaycy‡i| mgqUv MÖx‡®§i QywUi AeKv‡k| evsjv‡`‡ki wØZxq ivóªcwZ Avey mvC` †PŠayix‡`i evwo‡Z Avgv‡`i †Wiv| gaycy‡i †cuŠQv‡bvi m‡½ m‡½ †m Kx Zzgyj e„wó! mevB Avgiv M„new›`| Qwe-AuvKv gv_vq D‡V‡Q| mvivw`b Mí¸Re Avi Mvb-†kvbv| m‡½ wQ‡jb Rmxg D`&`x‡bi wkl¨ nvi‡gvwbqvg Kuv‡a Ave`yj Avjxg| Rmxg D`&`x‡bi KvQ †_‡K Mvb Zzj‡Qb Ave`yj Avjxg| Rmxg D`&`xb fvOvMjvq GK jvBb †M‡q hvb, Ave`yj Avjxg †mwU Mjvq Zy‡j †bb| †mB Ave`yj Avjx‡gi m‡½ Avgv‡`iI Mvb MvIqv| e„wói `vc‡U LvIqv-`vIqvi g‡a¨I GK‡N‡qwg G‡m‡Q| jvjPv‡ji fv‡Zi m‡½ †e¸bfZ©v Avi gvlKjvBi Wvj| `y‡ejv| wmMv‡iU‡cÖgx‡`i nv‡Z ûuKv

Kjwm Kuv‡L bvix c¨v‡÷j, cÂv‡ki `kK 13

†gw·‡Kvi wZIwZûqvKv‡b fvievnx cï gvwK©s †cb, 1956 Nyi‡Q| wmMv‡iU dzwi‡q‡Q| Ggwb GK Ae¯’vi g‡a¨ Rmxg D`&`xb cÖ¯—ve Ki‡jb KweMvb †nvK| mevB GKgZ, †nvK| Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ iwk` †PŠayixi †gvUvgywU GKUv aviYv wQj KweMvb m¤ú‡K©| Zuvi †bZ…‡Z¡ Avgiv KRb eÜz-evÜe, Avi Kwe Rmxg D`&`x‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ Av‡iKwU MÖ“c| Gi g‡a¨ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b G‡m e¨vcviwU †`L‡jb| †n‡m Avgv‡`i ej‡jb, ÔKwe‡K †Zvgiv m‡¤^vab Ki‡e, I mv‡ai cj­x Kwe †i Ñ e‡j| Zuvi m¤§vbUv ivL‡e|Õ Avgiv gv_v †b‡o m¤§wZ w`B| Rmxg D`&`xb g~j Mv‡qb| wZwb ïi“ Ki‡jb, Ôgwi nvq‡i nvq, GB wQj Kcv‡j, cuvP‡kv UvKvi evMvb LvB‡jv cuvPwmKvi QvM‡j|Õ †cQ‡bi m½xiv ayqv a‡i| Rev‡e iwk‡`i m‡½ Avgiv ayqv awi Ñ ÔI eMv, VMv K‡j †VvK w`I bv|Õ †ek R‡g D‡V‡Q Mvb| MvB‡Z MvB‡Z Rmxg D`&`xb D‡V `uvovb| AvgivI `uvovB| Av‡¯— Av‡¯— bvPv ïi“ Ki‡jb, AvgivI bvwP| Kwe bvP‡Z bvP‡Z g„`y g„`y av°v †`b| Avgiv fvwe e¨v‡jÝ ivL‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| Igv, Zvici †`wL av°vUv †Rv‡i n‡”Q Ges B”QvK…Z| Avi Avgv‡`i cvq †K! Av‡ew`b m¨v‡ii Dc‡`k fy‡j Kwe‡K ivgav°v| Kwe wPrcUvs| jyw½Uzw½ Ly‡j GKvKvi| Av‡ew`b m¨vi †`Š‡o G‡jb| eKvewK Avgv‡`i| Rmxg D`&`xb nvm‡Z nvm‡Z e‡jb, ÔAv‡i bv, bv, †Zvgvi †Q‡jiv Lye fv‡jv Ñ AvwgB †Zv ÑÕ, e‡j Av‡iK `dv nvwm| GB †h wewkóRb‡`i m‡½ Avgv‡`i †gjv‡gkv Ñ Av‡ew`b m¨vi NUv‡Zb, cieZx©Kv‡j Avgv‡`i Lye Kv‡R †j‡MwQj| Avgiv mvwbœa¨ †c‡qwQjvg bvwRi Avn‡g`, d‡Zn †jvnvbx, 14

Ave`yj Avnv`, AwRZ ¸n, Rûi †nv‡mb †PŠayix, ˆmq` byi“wÏb, Ave`yj MwY nvRvix, mi`vi R‡qbDwÏb, kvgmywÏb Aveyj Kvjvg, Avnmvb nvexe cÖgy‡Li, huv‡`i K_v Avgvi ¯§„wZi gwY‡KvVvq GL‡bv D¾¡j| GKRb wkíx ïay QweB AuvK‡e bv, Qwei m‡½ m‡½ my›`‡iiI mvabv Ki‡e| cwi‡ek-m„wó‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| GKwU RvwZi †mŠ›`h©-†PZbvq Ae`vb ivL‡e| i“wP-MV‡b e¨vcK f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e, hvi R‡b¨ Avgvi MÖvwdK Kv‡R wZwb Lye Drmvn w`‡Zb| ej‡Zb, ÔAvgv‡`i †`k AZxe my›`i| †`‡ki gvby‡liv †mvbvi gvbyl, †gvUv fvZ †gvUv Kvc‡o mš‘ó| †Kv‡bvwKQyi Afve †bB| Afve ïay i“wPi| we‡kl K‡i kû‡i gvbyl, hviv mgv‡Ri gv_vq e‡m Av‡Q Zv‡`i gv‡SB i“wPi `ywf©¶|Õ GB `ywf©¶-wbim‡b mgv‡R wkíx‡`i f~wgKv‡K wZwb ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Zb me‡P‡q †ewk| wZwb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb, †`k‡K fv‡jv bv †e‡m, †`‡ki gvbyl‡K fv‡jv bv †e‡m †`‡ki DbœwZ m¤¢e bq| mwPevj‡qi DuPz miKvwi Kg©KZ©v †h-mgv`‡i Zuvi ˆeVKLvbvq mgv`„Z, †Zgwb †Wgivi Rvg`vwb KvwiMiI mgvb mgv`„Z| wZwb †`‡ki gvby‡li cÖwZ wek¦vm nvivbwb| G‡`‡ki wecyj m¤¢vebvi cÖwZ wQj Zuvi AwePj Av¯’v| G‡`k GKw`b D‡V `uvov‡e, GKwU myLx my›`i †`k wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ cv‡e wek¦`iev‡i| †iŠ`ªv‡jvwKZ b`xi Icv‡i †cuŠQv‡bvi R‡b¨ eªþcyÎ b‡`i †LqvhvÎxi g‡ZvB wQj Zuvi cÖZx¶v| AvgivI A‡c¶v K‡i AvwQ †iŠ`ªv‡jvwKZ Icv‡ii Rb¨, A‡c¶vq _vKe| 

Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi ¯§„wZ Avwbmy¾vgvb

gbcyiv Õ70 Kvwj, Iqvk I †gvg, 1973

16

Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi m‡½ Avgvi AveŸvi †ek †mŠnv`©¨ wQj| †mBm~‡Î KjKvZvq Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z Zuv ‡K †`‡LwQ A‡bKevi| evwoi mvg‡bi NiUv wQj AveŸvi †nvwgIc¨vw_K †P¤^vi| †mLv‡bB AveŸvi eÜziv Avm‡Zb Ñ KL‡bv Mí Ki‡Z, KL‡bv Ilya wb‡Z| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne‡KI Avwg IB NiUvq †`wL| cÂv‡ki gš^š—‡ii mg‡q Avwg ¯‹z‡ji Z…Zxq †kÖwYi QvÎ| msev`c‡Î I mvgwqKc‡Î Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi AuvKv `ywf©‡¶i Qwei m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq N‡U †M‡Q| Zuvi m¤ú‡K© ZvB wKQy AwZwi³ †KŠZ‚nj wQj| Zvi Ici `xN©‡`nx my`k©b GB gvbylwUi Kv‡Q †h‡ZB fv‡jv jvMZ| †Qv‡Uv e‡j wZwb †h Avgv‡K AeÁv Ki‡Zb bv, ZvI wQj Zuvi cÖwZ AvKl©‡Yi KviY| GKw`b Zuvi kv‡U©i c‡KU †_‡K Uªv‡gi K‡qKUv wUwKU evi Ki‡jb Rqbyj| Zvi D‡ëvwc‡V Kvwj-Kj‡g bKkv AuvKv| gvbyl, MvQcvjv, c_NvU Ñ LyeB AvKl©Yxq| jyä`„wó‡Z Avwg ZvwK‡q iBjvg Zvi w`‡K| wZwb ej‡jb, ÔG¸‡jv w`‡Z n‡e †eMg mywdqv Kvgv‡ji †Q‡j‡K| †Zvgv‡K Av‡iKw`b †`‡ev|Õ †m-cÖwZkÖ“wZ Aek¨ wZwb ivL‡Z cv‡ibwb, nq‡Zv fy‡jB wM‡qwQ‡jb|

†`kfv‡Mi c‡i XvKvq G‡m Avgiv cÖ_‡g kvwš—bM‡i DwV| Avgv‡`i GK wbKU cÖwZ‡ekx wQ‡jb Avwgbyj Bmjvg| wZwb m`¨ AvU© BbmwUwUD‡U fwZ© n‡q‡Qb| Zuvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z cvwi, Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei †bZ…‡Z¡ K‡qKRb wkíx I wkívbyivMx †Kgb AvcÖvY †Póv K‡i AvU© BbmwUwUDU ¯’vc‡b miKvi‡K m¤§Z Kivb| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne wb‡RI †m-m¤ú‡K© wKQy wKQy Mí Ki‡Zb AveŸvi Kv‡Q| GKevi e‡jwQ‡jb, AvU© BbmwUwUDU cÖwZôv-msµvš— GKwU dvBj wQj GK DcmwP‡ei Kv‡Q| Rqbyj Zuvi mvg‡bi †Pqv‡i e‡m A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb KZ¶‡Y wZwb dvBjUv Qvo‡eb, Zvi R‡b¨| DcmwPe ej‡jb, ÔAv‡ew`b mv‡ne, Avcwb †Zv AvwU©÷ gvbyl! Avgvi †Q‡ji QvZvq GKUz Kó K‡i Zvi bvgUv wj‡L †`‡eb? Zvn‡j Zv nviv‡jI Avevi wd‡i cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|Õ Rqbyj †mvrmv‡n gv_v bvwo‡q m¤§wZ Rvbv‡jb| Avgiv †h-evwoUvq _vKZvg, Zvi bvg wQj cÖg_ wbevm| evwoi gvwjK KjKvZv P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jb| hLb Rvbv †Mj, wZwb evwoUv †e‡P †`‡eb, ZLb AveŸv †Póv Ki‡jb †mUv wK‡b wb‡Z| `i`vg wVK n‡q †Mj, wKš‘ mgm¨v `uvov‡jv g~j¨cwi‡kv‡ai Dcvq wb‡q| gvwjK UvKvUv Pvb KjKvZvq, AveŸv Zvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv| AveŸv UvKvUv w`‡Z Pvb XvKvq, wKš‘ Zv wb‡q gvwjK Kx K‡i KjKvZvq wd‡i hv‡eb, Zv wb‡q wQj Zuvi `ywðš—v| GKw`b nVvr †kvbv †Mj, evwoUv Rqbyj Av‡ew`b wK‡b wb‡q‡Qb| AveŸv †ek ¶zYœ n‡jb| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne eÜz gvbyl, evwo wKb‡jb, A_P Zuv‡K wKQy Rvbv‡jb bv! GK †fv‡i Rybveyj Bmjvg G‡m evwoi evB‡i †_‡K mxgvbvi gvc‡RvK Ki‡Z †j‡M hvb| †Sv‡ci Avov‡j KvD‡K †`‡L AveŸv Ô†K GLv‡b, Kx K‡i!Õ e‡j cÖkœ Ki‡ZB Rybveyj D‡V `uvov‡jb| Avwg hZB ewj, Dwb Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei fvB, AveŸv Avgvi K_v Kv‡b †bb bv| wZwb K‡Vvi fvlvq Rybveyj‡K e‡K P‡jb| Avwg jw¾Z nB, wKš‘ wbi“cvq| Rybveyj KzwÉZ,

wKš‘ AvZ¥i¶vq Amg_©| AveŸv AwP‡iB VvUvwievRv‡i GK evwo wK‡b cÖg_ wbevm †Q‡o P‡j G‡jb| Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei m‡½ Avgvi †hvMv‡hv‡M wKš‘ †Q` c‡owb| AvU© BbmwUwUD‡U Zuvi m‡½ †`Lv n‡q hvq, †`Lv n‡q hvq wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx‡Z, K¡wPr KL‡bv Avgv‡`i mvwnZ¨ msm` ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv msMV‡bi Av‡qvwRZ mvs¯‹…wZK Abyôv‡b, KwP-KuvPvi †gjvq| Zuvi evwo‡ZI GK-Avaevi †h Xyu w`Bwb, ZvI bq| 1954 mv‡j mvwnZ¨ m‡¤§j‡bi mg‡q GK wPÎ-cÖ`k©bxi Av‡qvRb nq, Zvi AvbyôvwbK `vwqZ¡ wQj Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Ñ KvRUv hw`I Avwgbyj, weRb I Bg`v` wg‡j K‡iwQ‡jb| Avgiv hLb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ, ZLb `y-eQ‡ii mwjgyj­vn gymwjg nj evwl©Kx hy³fv‡e †ei K‡iwQjvg Ges Zv‡K w`‡qwQjvg GKwU mvwnZ¨cwÎKvi iƒc| †ebvwg‡ZI `y-GKUv †jLv Qvwc‡qwQjvg welq‰ewP‡Î¨i LvwZ‡i| wbe©vwPZ QvÎ-msm`, A¨v_‡jwUK K¬ve I m¤úv`bv cwil‡`i †Kv‡bv Qwe Qvcv nqwb| Avgiv wM‡q Av‡ew`b mv‡ne‡K a‡iwQjvg Zvi cÖ”Q` Gu‡K w`‡Z| wZwb mv`v-Kv‡jvq GKUv Qwe Gu‡K w`‡qwQ‡jb Ñ Kv`vq AvUKv‡bv Mi“i Mvwo, `yRb PvKv †Vj‡Q mvg‡bi w`‡K (A‡b‡K ej‡Zb, evwl©Kxi cÖKvk AvU‡K wM‡qwQj, mn‡hvMx m¤úv`‡Kiv Zv D×vi Kivi †Póv Ki‡Q) Ñ Avi jvj Kvwj‡Z †jLv nq evwl©Kxi bvg| QweUv c‡i Lye RbwcÖq nq Ges bvbv RvqMvq bvbv bv‡g gyw`ªZ nq| lv‡Ui `kK a‡iB Zuvi m‡½ †`Lv n‡Zv Ñ evsjv GKv‡Wwg‡Z cwiPvjK ˆmq` Avjx Avnmv‡bi `߇i, Aa¨vcK Ave`yi iv¾v‡Ki wek¦we`¨vj‡qi evmfe‡b| GKevi iv¾vK mv‡ne‡`i KjvwZqv MÖv‡g Avgiv †ek K‡qKRb wg‡j mvivw`b KvwU‡q Gjvg| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne wM‡qwQ‡jb m¯¿xK, gybxi †PŠayix I Avwg mcwiev‡i, m‡½ Av‡iv K‡qKRb| ¯§iYxq I Avb›`gq GKwU w`b| †mB `k‡KiB GKw`‡bi K_v| cvwK¯—v‡bi RvZxq cwil‡`

17

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

†K›`ªxq Z_¨gš¿x GK wee„wZ w`‡q e‡jb †h, †eZvi I †Uwjwfkb †_‡K iex›`ªmsMx‡Zi m¤cÖPvi n«vm Kivi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, †Kbbv Zv cvwK¯—v‡bi fvev`‡k©i m‡½ msMwZnxb| Avgiv 19 Rb m‡½ m‡½ Zvi cÖwZev` Kwi| Avwg GKvB wee„wZ‡Z ¯^v¶i msMÖn K‡i msev`c‡Î cÖKvk Ki‡Z w`B| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi evwo‡Z wM‡q Zuvi mvg‡b hLb wee„wZUv aijvg, wZwb mB K‡i w`‡jb| Gi AíKvj c‡i Avgvi m¤úvw`Z iex›`ªbv_ eBwU cÖKvk cvIqvi K_v| Avwg Av‡ew`b mv‡ne‡K wM‡q aijvg eBwUi Rb¨ iex›`ªbv‡_i GKUv cÖwZK…wZ Gu‡K w`‡Z n‡e| wZwb GKUz weiw³i m‡½ ej‡jb, Zzwg wK Avgv‡K †cv‡Uª©U-AvwU©÷ g‡b K‡iv bvwK? Avwg ejjvg, Zv bq, G-eB‡Z A‡bK wewkó R‡bi †jLv _vK‡Q, Avcbvi AuvKv GKUv Qwe _vK‡j eB‡qi gh©v`v ev‡o| Z_¨gš¿xi e³‡e¨i cÖwZev‡` †hfvebv wb‡q Avcwb wee„wZ‡Z ¯^v¶i K‡iwQ‡jb, †mB fvebv †_‡KB QweUv AuvK‡eb, GB Avgvi Avkv| wZwb big n‡jb| ej‡jb, Av”Qv, iex›`ªb v‡_i Lvb`yB fv‡jv d‡UvMÖvd wb‡q G‡mv, Zvi †_‡K GKUv †e‡Q wb‡q Avwg Qwe Gu‡K †`‡ev| Avwg iex›`ª-iPbvejxi `ywU LÊ Zuv‡K w`‡q Gjvg| K‡qKw`b c‡i wb‡q Gjvg AwZ my›`i GKUv cÖwZK…wZ| Avgvi nv‡Z †mUv Zz‡j w`‡q Rqbyj ej‡jb, GUv Avwg †Zvgv‡K Dcnvi w`jvg| eB Qvcv n‡jv Ñ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi AuvKv iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖwZK…wZ eBwUi gh©v`v A‡bK evwo‡q w`‡jv| Zuv‡K eB w`‡q Gjvg| Qvcv †`‡L wZwb Lywk n‡jb| Avwg wKš‘ cÖKvk‡Ki KvQ †_‡K QweUv Avi D×vi Ki‡Z cvijvg bv| wZwb ej‡jb, †cÖm †_‡K †mUv wd‡i cvbwb| Gi wKQyKvj c‡i Avwg XvKv †_‡K PÆMÖvg 18

wek¦we`¨vj‡q P‡j †Mjvg| Avgvi VuvB n‡jv PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vjq AvevwmK GjvKvq| †mLv‡bB _v‡Kb Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi AbyR Rv‡n`yi iwng Ñ PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mnKvix MÖš’vMvwiK, Avi Zuvi cyÎ wgRvbyi iwng Ñ Pvi“Kjv wefv‡Mi wk¶K| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne KvßvB wM‡qwQ‡jb Zuvi fvqivi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z| †mLvb †_‡K G‡m‡Qb K¨v¤úv‡m, fvB‡qi evwo‡Z Ñ m‡½ Zuvi k¨vwjKv I k¨vwjKvi Kb¨v †jvcvI Av‡Q| mܨvi w`‡K wb‡RB P‡j G‡m‡Qb Avgvi evwo Ñ emvi N‡i Xy‡K †`qv‡ji w`‡K ZvwK‡q Avgv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡jb, QweUv †Kv_vq? †Kvb Qwei K_v ej‡Qb, Zv eyS‡Z Avgvi Amywe‡a n‡jv bv| ejjvg, Qvcvi ci IUv Avi cvIqv hvqwb, cÖKvkK ej‡Qb, †cÖm †_‡K nvwi‡q †M‡Q| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne ¶zYœ n‡q ej‡jb, Zzwg †hgb! QweUv wK nvivevi g‡Zv! nq †cÖ‡mi †jv‡K bq cÖKvkK wb‡q wb‡q‡Q| Zzwg G‡Zv mn‡R †Q‡o w`‡j! IUv Avwg †Zvgv‡K Dcnvi w`‡qwQjvg| †mev‡iB †evanq gbcyiv wb‡q AuvKv Zuvi wekvj AvK…wZi ¯Œj cÖ`wk©Z nq PÆMÖv‡gi gymwjg BbmwUwUDU cÖv½‡Y| `k©‡Ki mgvMg †`‡L Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Lye Lywk n‡qwQ‡jb| mgv‡jvP‡Kiv †m-¯Œ‡ji Zzjbv K‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi `ywf©‡¶i wPÎgvjvi m‡½| gvbem„ó `y‡h©vM Avi cÖKw… Zm„ó `y‡h©vM Ñ `y‡qiB ˆkwíK fvl¨ wbwg©Z n‡jv GKB wkíxi nv‡Z| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k Zuvi m‡½ Avevi †hvMv‡hvM n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb-cÖYq‡bi mg‡q| msweav‡bi nv‡Z-†jLv †h-cv‡V MYcwil‡`i m`‡m¨iv ¯^v¶i †`‡eb, e½eÜz †P‡qwQ‡jb, Zv AjsKi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ †b‡eb Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| e½eÜzi Avgš¿‡Y Av‡ew`b mv‡ne GKw`b G‡jb MYfe‡b wKsev MYcwil‡` Ñ m‡½ wb‡q G‡jb

mgiwRr ivq‡PŠayix, Rybveyj Bmjvg, nv‡kg Lvb, Aveyj eviK Avjfx‡K| ej‡jb, cy¯—vwbUv n‡e Zuvi msMÖ‡ni GKwU bKwk Kuv_vi bKkv w`‡q, Avi cÖwZ c„ôvi Pviw`‡K †`kxq †gvwU‡di Qwe Gu‡K †`‡eb wkíxiv| Avwg cÖ¯—ve K‡iwQjvg, G †K Gg Ave`yi iDd‡K w`‡q g~jcvV nv‡Z †jLv‡bvi Ñ Av‡ew`b mv‡ne Zv Aby‡gv`b K‡iwQ‡jb| Gici wZwb we‡klfv‡e g‡bv‡hvMx nb †jvKwkíRv`yNi ¯’vc‡bi wel‡q| e½eÜzI Zuvi B”Qvc~i‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ‡jb| †mvbviMuvi Rv`yNiwU ZviB dj| Avwg PÆMÖv‡g _vKvq Ges GK eQ‡ii R‡b¨ we‡jZ P‡j hvIqvq Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM G‡Kev‡iB ¶xY n‡q c‡o| we‡jZ †_‡K Avgvi wd‡i Avmvi AvovB gv‡mi gv_vq Avgvi AveŸv gviv hvb Ñ dzmdz‡mi K¨vbmv‡i| Zvi QmvZ gv‡mi g‡a¨ GKB †iv‡M Rqbyj Av‡ew`b †kl wbk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib| Zuvi e¨w³MZ ¯§„wZ Avgvi g‡b memg‡q Agwjb n‡q _vK‡e| msMVK wn‡m‡e wZwb wQ‡jb AmvaviY| AvU© BbmwUwUD‡Ui ¯^v‡_© wZwb A‡bK mg‡q A‡bK wkíxi m‡½ iƒp AvPiY K‡i‡Qb| KvD‡K BbmwUwUD‡U wk¶K K‡i †bIqv DwPZ wQj, wKš‘ miKv‡ii gyL †P‡q Zv Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb, m‡½ m‡½ †`‡L‡Qb, †emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡b Zvi †hb GKUv fv‡jv PvKwi nq| †`‡ki †jvKRxeb I †jvKwk‡íi cÖwZ Zuvi AbyivM wQj cÖej| †mB AvKl©‡YB KjKvZv AvU© K‡j‡Ri cÖ_vMZ wkíPP©vi aviv †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m gš^š—‡ii wPÎgvjvi g‡Zv ev¯—eagx© Qwe wZwb AuvK‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb| †gvoK-euvavi ev`vwg KvM‡R †gvUv Zzwj ev nvjKv eªv‡k Kv‡jv is w`‡q AuvKv Gme Qwe `ywf©‡¶i wbôzi mZ¨ Dcjwä Ki‡Z †hgb mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj, †Zgb Avi wKQyB †evanq K‡iwb| gbcyiv-¯Œ‡ji Qwe m¤ú‡K©I G-K_v mZ¨| ZvB e‡j Zuvi g‡a¨ †Muvovwg wQj bv| cÖ_gevi we‡j‡Z wM‡q †¯­W ¯‹z‡ji wk¶vi aib Ges cvðvZ¨ wkíKjvi m‡½ cÖZ¨¶ cwiPq †_‡K wZwb wb‡R‡K mg„× Kivi †Póv K‡iwQ‡jb| wd‡i G‡m Rji‡O †hme Qwe Gu‡KwQ‡jb, Zv‡Z Zvi LvwbKUv cwiPq †g‡j| Z‡e wd‡i wd‡i wZwb G‡m‡Qb mvaviY gvby‡li RxebhvÎvq, †jvKwk‡íi mij †mŠ›`‡h©i Kv‡Q| evsjvi gvbyl I cÖK…wZ Zuv‡K †mŠ›`‡h©i mÜvb w`‡qwQj| †gŠwLK Avjv‡c hLb wZwb avb‡L‡Zi Ici evZvm e‡q hvIqvi K_v ej‡Zb wKsev b`xi Zi½ I cÖengvbZvi eY©bv w`‡Zb, ZLb g‡b n‡Zv, AvgivI †m-bv›`wbKZv‡K Dcjwä Ki‡Z cviwQ| Zuvi mg¯— mËvi Mfx‡i †jvKR b›`bZË¡ evmv †eu‡awQj| GUvB wQj Zuvi AR©b Ges Drm `v‡bi| 

iex›`ªbv_ WªBs, 1968

19

Avgvi †`Lv Rqbyj Av‡ew`b weRb †PŠayix

bevbœ †Zjis I †gvg, 1970

20

Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq nq KjKvZvi miKvwi AvU© ¯‹z‡j| ZLb †`k fvM nqwb| 1945 mv‡j Avwg cÖ_ge‡l© AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nB Ges wk¶K wn‡m‡e Zuv‡K cvB| AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nIqvi Av‡MI Avgiv A‡b‡K Zuv‡K bv‡g wPbZvg| 1350-Gi `ywf©‡¶i ev¯—e iƒc wPwÎZ K‡i wZwb KjKvZv kn‡i ZLb Av‡jvwPZ e¨w³Z¡| kn‡ii iv¯—vq A‡bœi †Luv‡R K¼vjmvi gvby‡li wgwQj, Zuv‡`i nvnvKvi, g„Zz¨i fqvenZv, Zuvi mcv‡U †iLvwbf©i m„wó¸‡jv‡Z wewkóiƒ‡c c‡owQj| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi g‡Zv GKRb L¨vwZgvb wkíx‡K wk¶K wn‡m‡e cvIqv Avgv‡`i A‡b‡Ki Kv‡QB wQj KíbvZxZ| wØZxqevi Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi m‡½ Avwg Nwbô ms¯ú‡k© Avwm 1950 mv‡j XvKvq miKvwi AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡U fwZ© nIqvi my‡hvMjvf K‡i| wZwb †m-mgq AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Aa¨¶| 1947 mv‡j fviZ Dcgnv‡`k wefv‡Mi d‡j Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mv‡nemn Ab¨vb¨ gymjgvb wkíx †hgb, mwdDÏxb Avn‡g`, Av‡bvqvi Dj nK, mwdKzj Avwgb, Kvgi“j nvmvb KjKvZv †Q‡o c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b XvKv kn‡i

e`wj n‡q hvb| GB wkíx‡`i cÖ_‡g XvKvq wewfbœ miKvwi ¯‹z‡j PvKwi Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| †m GK weo¤^bvi BwZnvm| c‡i XvKvq AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui cÖwZôv n‡j Guiv mK‡j †mLv‡b †hvM`vb K‡ib Ges Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi cÖh‡Zœ M‡o I‡V evsjv‡`‡k wPÎKjv-wk¶vi GK bZzb cwi‡ek I Drmvn| Avgvi XvKvq AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡U fwZ© nIqv m¤¢e nq Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi e`v‡b¨| GLv‡b D‡j­L¨, 1949-Gi †kl w`‡K Av‡iv K‡qKwU Qv‡Îi m‡½ Avgv‡KI QvÎ ivRbxwZ Kivi Awf‡hv‡M KjKvZv miKvwi AvU© ¯‹zj †_‡K ewn®‹vi Kiv n‡qwQj| GLv‡b wewfbœ AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ©i my‡hvM eÜ n‡q wM‡qwQj ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y| Avgvi ˆcZ…K wfUv I †`k wQj c~e© evsjvq| G-Ae¯’vq Avwg gb¯’ Kwi XvKvq hvIqvi I ILvb †_‡K wk¶v †bIqvi| XvKvq †cuŠ‡Q Aa¨¶ Av‡ew`‡bi m‡½ †`Lv Kwi| KjKvZvq AvU© ¯‹z‡ji cix¶v w`‡Z bv cviv I Ab¨vb¨ NUbv Zuv‡K RvbvB| mü`qZvi m‡½B wZwb Avgvq fwZ©i Ges wkíKjv-wk¶vi my‡hvM K‡i †`b| QvÎ wn‡m‡e Zuv‡K Lye Nwbôfv‡eB Avgiv †c‡qwQjvg| Avwg cÂg e‡l©i †kl cix¶vq †iKW© b¤^i †c‡qwQjvg Zuvi Aax‡b wk¶vi my‡hvMjvf K‡iB| cix¶vi ci Avwg XvKvq †_‡K hvB I ILvbKvi wkíKjv-Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ hy³ n‡q cwo|

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G-Kvi‡YB IB mgqKvi wkíKjv, mvwn‡Z¨, bvU‡K Gi cÖwZdjb Avgiv cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQjvg| Avi wkíx Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei c‡¶I Pwj­k `k‡Ki cwieZ©bKvgx ¯úw›`Z Ae¯’vb Gwo‡q hvIqv m¤¢e nqwb| †hgb cv‡ibwb †m-mg‡qi wPËcÖm v` fÆvPvh©, Aebx †mb, †`eeªZ gy‡Lvcva¨vq cÖgyL wkíx|

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wkíx‡`i cvIqvi Rb¨ Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei Kv‡QB FY wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx K‡ib| Gme wPÎ wQj †ewkifvM Rji‡O ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z nq| AuvKv Ges AíwKQy †iLvwPÎ| wejv‡Zi cÖL¨vZ cuvP wkíKjv-mgv‡jvPK nve©vW© wiW Dwj­wLZ cÖ`k©bxi mwPÎ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi m„wómg~n‡K wZbwU c‡e© cwi®‹vifv‡e K¨vUvj‡M G wb‡q GKwU my›`i †jLv wj‡LwQ‡jb| Zuvi fvM Kiv hvq| cÖ_g c‡e©i Qwe‡Z cÖPwjZ †jLbx‡Z wQj Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi ˆewkó¨ m¤^‡Ü wKQy A¨vKv‡WwgK Pv¶zl ev¯—eZvi AbymiY bv K‡i, wKQyUv Bw½Z| GLv‡b †mwUi D‡j­L cÖ‡qvRb †eva KiwQ| wZwb †cv÷-B‡¤cÖkwb÷ ai‡bi Kv‡Ri Avfvm Avgv‡`i j‡¶ wj‡LwQ‡jb †h-K_v, Zvi mvivsk GB iKg, Rqbyj Av‡m| Gme Kv‡Ri Av‡iKwU ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q, †iLvi eÜbx‡K Av‡ew`‡bi wPÎgvjvq cÖvP¨‡`kxq MÖvgxY gvby‡li wewPÎgyLx `ª“Z Q‡›` e¨envi Kivi cÖ‡Póv| G-mgqKvi †ewkifvM iƒcwU cÖKwUZ nq| gvbyl I mgvR KvVv‡gvi GB iƒc I QweB Rji‡O Gu‡KwQ‡jb| wKQy Gu‡KwQ‡jb †Zji‡O| cwi‡cÖw¶Z Avwe®‹vi Kivi mvg_©¨ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi GK IB mKj Rji‡Oi Qwei ˆewkó¨ wQj KvM‡Ri †gŠwjK Ae`vb wn‡m‡e ¯^xKvi nIqvi †hvM¨| cÖ‡qvRbxq mv`v Ask †Q‡o Ab¨ As‡k cvZjv nvjKv is Avgiv IB cÖ`k©bxi ZvwjKv-eBwU †`L‡jB eyS‡Z Pvwc‡q Av‡jvi e¨envi Kiv| i‡Oi D¾¡jZvq I e¨env‡ii cvie G-e³‡e¨i h_v_©Zv| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne IB cÖ`k©bxi ¯^”QZvq IB Qwe¸‡jv LyeB D”Pgvb AR©b K‡iwQj I Qwei welqe¯‘ wn‡m‡e wb‡qwQ‡jb b`xgvZ…K evsjv‡`‡ki AvKl©Yxq n‡qwQj| wPicwiwPZ iƒcwU‡K| G-Kvi‡YB †bŠKvNvU, ¸YUvbv gvwS, Avgvi †`Lv IB c‡e©i muvIZvj ciMbvi Qwe¸‡jv, †R‡j‡`i gvQ aiv, cvjwK P‡o beea~i k¦ïievwohvÎv, MÖvgevsjvi wewfbœ `„k¨vewj, hv‡Z cÖKvk †c‡qwQj MÖvg¨, gv‡V `wo‡Quov ej‡`i †`ŠoSuvc Ñ GK-GKwU Qwei welq gvwUi gvby‡li RxebwPÎ, Av‡Rv †mm‡ei ¯§„wZ Avgv‡K n‡q Dcw¯’Z wQj| Av‡eMcÖeY K‡i †Zv‡j| G-mgqKviB m„wó, WªBs ev †iLvwPÎgvjv †Z‡iv‡kv Qq cÂv‡ki `ywf©¶, gš^ši— Aej¤^‡b AuvKv Qwe¸‡jv wkíiwmK BD‡ivc †_‡K wd‡i G‡m Rqbyj Av‡ew`b‡K †ek wKQyw`b mgv‡R Av‡Rv, ZxeªZvq Ges AmnvqZvi me †_‡K mv_©K AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui cÖkvmwbK Kv‡R Rwo‡q co‡Z iƒccÖKvk e‡j wPwýZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi n‡qwQj| IB mgqwU‡Z Aek¨B wZwb D‡j­L‡hvM¨ wKQy m„wó wØZxq c‡e©i Qwe¸‡jvi ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q, †`kR Ki‡Z mg_© nbwb| ZvQvov ivR‰bwZK cwi‡ekI ZLb wQj †jvKvqZ Dcv`vb‡K cÖvav‡b¨ G‡b, wkí‰kjx‡Z iƒc‡Ki RMr LyeB AwMœMf©| †m-mg‡q evsjv‡`‡k fvlv-Av‡›`vjb I m„wói cÖqvm Kiv| Aek¨B †`k-Kvj-ev¯—eZvewR©Z| iƒcK AvZ¥wbqš¿‡Yi AwaKvi cÖwZôvi †h-Av‡›`vjb c~e©evsjv‡K bq| Gme wP‡Î ZvB Ae‡PZbv Ae¯’v‡b MÖv‡gi Kv‡Vi iwOb Av‡jvwoZ K‡i Zz‡jwQj, Zvi †_‡KI wZwb wb‡R‡K gy³ cyZjz , †Nvov, nvwZ KvVcyZwz j gbmvi NU, evB‡Pi †bŠKvi ivL‡Z cv‡ibwb| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, 1949 mv‡j iwOb bKkv e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Awfbefv‡e wbR¯^ fw½‡Z| cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡e©v”P gnj †_‡K hLb †NvlYv Kiv n‡qwQj A‡bK Qwe‡ZB Zuvi c~‡e©i ¯^”Q is-e¨env‡ii cwie‡Z© †h, D`y© mgMÖ cvwK¯—v‡bi ivóªfvlv n‡e, mg¯— †`‡ki wØgvwÎK Ae¯’v‡b A¯^”Q (I‡cBK) i‡Oi e¨envi I ewjô gvby‡li m‡½ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mv‡neI †mB AvZ‡¼i MwZgq †iLvi cwie‡Z© mshgx †iLveÜbxi cÖ‡qvM NwU‡q fvwM`vi n‡qwQ‡jb| Zv-B †`wL IB iKg `yw`©‡b mvwnwZ¨K IB mgqKvi m„wó¸‡jv‡K GK wfbœ Pwi‡Îi gh©v`v w`‡q‡Q| bvwmiDwÏb mv‡ne‡K †K›`ª K‡i, nvmvb nvwdRyi IB mgqKvi m„wói Av‡iKwU wel‡qI D‡j­L Kivi cÖ‡qvRb ingv‡bi cÖh‡Zœ, cÖM wZkxj wkíx, mvwnwZ¨K, †mwU n‡”Q, ms¯’vc‡b wKQyUv R¨vwgwZK wefvRb cÖweó eyw×Rxex‡`i †h-mvwnZ¨ msm` msMVb M‡o D‡VwQj Kivi cÖ‡Póv Ges Qwei Zj‡K (†¯úm) ¸i“Z¡mnKv‡i wkíPvh© Rqbyj †mLv‡b †eMg mywdqv Kvgvj, Kvgi“j e¨env‡ii B”Qv, hv wZwb AvaywbK gb‡b m‡PZbfv‡eB ïi“ nvmvb, KvRx †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb, gybxi †PŠayix, AwRZKzgvi K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb| ¸n, Ave`yj MwY nvRvix cÖgy‡Li m‡½ mn‡hvMx I mnggx© Dwbk‡kv GKvbœ-evnvbœ‡Z Av‡ew`b mv‡ne iK‡djvi wn‡m‡e hy³ n‡q c‡owQ‡jb| cÖ_g hy³d«›U I Zvi cZb e„wË †c‡qwQ‡jb Ges IB myev‡` BD‡ivc I Av‡gwiKvi Ges cieZx©Kv‡j c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Aejywß I evsjv‡`k †`‡k ch©Ub I IBme †`‡ki AvU© M¨vjvwi-wPÎKjvi miKvi MVb mgqKv‡j Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei †Zgb msMÖnkvjv cwi`k©b Kivi my‡hvM †c‡qwQ‡jb| GQvov †Kv‡bv D‡j­L‡hvM¨ m„wó Avgv‡`i G-Kvi‡YB †MvP‡i Av‡m IBme †`‡ki †ekwKQy Kg©iZ cÖL¨vZ wkíxi ms¯ú‡k©I †m bv| GKgvÎ 1970 mv‡ji evsjv‡`‡ki me©MÖvmx eb¨v mgqKv‡j Dwb Av‡mb| Ges ejv hvq, ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB GB I R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi welq wb‡q Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi ÔgbcyivÕ †`Lv I AwfÁZv DËiKv‡j Zuvi m„wó‡Z wKQyUv cÖfve we¯— c‡e©i Qwe¸‡jv‡ZB Avevi Zuv‡K DwÌZ Ae¯’v‡b vi K‡iwQj| †`L‡Z cvB| Avevi Zuvi m„wó¶gZv‡K wPwb‡q GB e„wË wb‡q ågYKv‡jB jÛ‡b wZwb cÖ_g GKK †`q|  23

Rqbyj Av‡ew`b : gnvb I ¯^vaxb †evinvbDwÏb Lvb Rvnv½xi

Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Zuvi KvR‡K †gRi Av‡U© DbœxZ K‡i‡Qb| †gRi AvU© Am¤¢e, hw` bv c~e©eZx© mg‡qi †gRi AvU© †_‡K †kLv hvq| Rqbyj evOvwj I BD‡ivwcqvb HwZn¨ AvZ¥¯’ K‡i Zvi wkL‡i †cuŠ‡Q‡Qb| AvwU©w÷K ms¯‹…wZ wZwb AR©b K‡i‡Qb, we‡kl K‡i BD‡ivwcqvb †gRi AvU©| wZwb evOvwj ms¯‹…wZ †_‡K AR©b K‡i‡Qb Avengv‡bi †eva Avi BD‡ivwcqvb ms¯‹…wZ †_‡K AR©b K‡i‡Qb cwieZ©‡bi †eva| GB `yB †eva †_‡K wZwb ZvwK‡q‡Qb Aebx›`ªbv_, b›`jvj I hvwgbx iv‡qi Kv‡Ri w`‡K, Gme †`Lv Zuv‡K Aw¯’i I PÂj K‡i‡Q, m‡e©vcwi evOvwjqvbv| Gfv‡e Zuvi g‡a¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q wb‡Ri ÷vBj| evOvwjqvbv wZwb ï× K‡i‡Qb wiqvwjRg w`‡q, Avevi BD‡ivwcqvb †eva‡K wZwb cwikxwjZ K‡i‡Qb Zuvi wbR¯^ wiqvwjw÷K aib w`‡q| Gfv‡e wZwb †cuŠ‡Q‡Qb †gRi, D”Pvwfjvlx wk‡íi Kv‡Q| †hb hvÎv ïi“ Kivi Av‡Mi Ae¯’vb| N‡U‡Q Zuvi g‡a¨ wec­e, wZwb

eªþcyÎZx‡i †dwii Rb¨ A‡c¶v Rjis, 1951

25

cÖmvab Rjis, cÂv‡ki `kK

GKvwaK P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL n‡q‡Qb, P¨v‡jĸwj n‡”Q Ñ wiqvwjw÷K Ges cÖvq-wiqvwjw÷K Av‡U©i cÖKvkfw½gZvi m¤¢vebv cix¶v Kiv| GB cix¶v Zuv‡K wekvjfv‡e D™¢vebkxj K‡i‡Q, Zuvi GKUv m~Î n‡”Q j¨vÛ‡¯‹c‡K wZwb cÖvqkB e¨envi K‡i‡Qb w÷jjvBd I wdM‡ii e`‡j| Rqbyj Gfv‡e wk‡íi ey‡R©vqv Kb‡mÞ †_‡K wb‡R‡K `~‡i mwi‡q wb‡q‡Qb Ges Ab¨w`‡K ˆec­weK ivR‰bwZK g‡bvfw½i ˆbwZKZv wb‡Ri g‡a¨ ˆZwi Ki‡Z mg_© n‡q‡Qb| Gi Rb¨ mvnm `iKvi Ges †mB mvnm †_‡K wZwb †Rviv‡jvfv‡e mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ wkí‡ev‡ai wei“‡× i“‡L `uvwo‡q‡Qb| mvn‡mi Aek¨ `iKvi wQj, G Kvi‡Y wZwb Gwg‡MÖU K‡i‡Qb ey‡R©vqv mgvR †_‡K mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q| Zvi Ab¨ A_© n‡”Q, GKB m‡½ wZwb abZ‡š¿i evRvi †_‡K Gwg‡MÖU K‡i‡Qb| Zvi `iKvi †bB Gwim‡Uv‡µwUK c¨vUª‡b‡Ri| `ywf©‡¶i Qwe¸wj GB †eva †_‡K GB mvnm †_‡K ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| Rqbyj wb‡R‡K mgvR †_‡K wew”Qbœ QbœQvov wkíx wn‡m‡e g‡b K‡ibwb| wZwb memgq wb‡R‡K †f‡e‡Qb ey‡R©vqv ivRbxwZi g‡a¨ wec­ex wkíx wn‡m‡e| GB †eva †_‡K wZwb weªwUk-evOvwj mgvR AvµgY K‡i‡Qb Ges cieZx©Kv‡j wZwb cvwK¯—vwb-evOvwj mgv‡Ri wei“‡× we‡`ªv‡ni cZvKv Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Ges cieZx©Kv‡j wZwb ¯^vaxb evOvwj mgvR‡K b”Qvi e‡j †f‡e‡Qb| †mR‡b¨ Zuvi Kv‡Q wkí cix¶v-wbix¶vi welq bq, wkí n‡”Q iv¯—v-†LuvRv gZv`wk©K weåvwš— Ges fv‡qv‡j‡Ýi g‡a¨, ms¯‹…wZ‡K 26

AMÖmi n‡Z †`Iqv mvg‡bi w`‡K| evOvwj ms¯‹…wZi fwel¨r ILv‡b| Aebx›`ªbv_iv wKsev b›`bjvjiv wKsev hvwgbx ivqiv Ck¦‡ii Abymi‡Y wk‡íi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ cÖkœ †Zv‡jbwb wkí bv›`wbKfv‡e ˆea wKbv| cÖkœ bv †Zvjvi `i“b wkí Zuv‡`i Kv‡Q A¨vemy¨jyU| Rqbyj wfbœ mgvR †_‡K Dw`Z n‡q‡Qb e‡j Ck¦‡ii g‡Zv A¨vemy¨jyU wkí‡K fv‡ebwb| wk‡íi †K›`ª wfwËg~j Av‡cw¶K g~j¨‡eva, bv›`wbK g~j¨‡eva| wZwb Ck¦‡ii AbymiY K‡ibwb, wZwb AbymiY K‡i‡Qb mvaviY gvbyl‡K Ges mvaviY gvby‡li Rxeb‡eva †_‡K ˆZwi nq wk‡íi †eva, GB †evaB wk‡íi cÖwµqv I wWwmwc­b M‡o †Zv‡j| wZwb KL‡bv AwfÁZvi welq †_‡K m‡i hvbwb| wZwb wd‡i wd‡i ZvwK‡q‡Qb Zuvi µvd‡Ui ˆeaZvi Ici| GLv‡bB Av‡Q bv›`wbK ˆeaZv Ges GB ˆeaZv Rei`w¯— bq, wKsev bq A¨vK&wm‡W›Uvj| Zuvi KvR Gfv‡e ˆeaZv †c‡q‡Q mvaviY gvby‡li Rxebhvc‡bi AwfÁZv †_‡K| mvaviY gvby‡li †h-Ask K…lK, kn‡ii evwm›`v Ges †cwUey‡R©vqv, Zviv kn‡ii e‡bw` ms¯‹…wZ Av¯^v` K‡i _v‡K| Zviv †jvKR ms¯‹…wZi ¯^v` †bq, GB †jvKR ms¯‹…wZi cðvrcU MÖvgvÂj| GB ms¯‹…wZi wfwË kn‡ii RbmvaviY, Zv‡`i K_v Rqbyj †fv‡jbwb| Avevi MÖvgxY ms¯‹…wZ-DwÌZ †jvKR ms¯‹…wZ Zuvi gb‡b g¾vq Kwâ‡Z ficyi| G‡¶‡Î wZwb MÖvg I kn‡ii Pvwn`v e¨envi K‡i‡Qb, ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb MÖvg¨ ms¯‹…wZi wecix‡Z †jvKR ms¯‹…wZ| †jvKR ms¯‹…wZi K_v wZwb e‡j‡Qb I †f‡e‡Qb| Av‡ew`b Rxebhvc‡bi welq AuvK‡o a‡i‡Qb, Gme welq †_‡K wZwb ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb Zuvi ÷vBj, Zuvi c­vw÷K aviYv, Zuvi bv›`wbK wWwmwc­b| wZwb wel‡qi ga¨ †_‡K is HK¨e× K‡i‡Qb, hw`I Zuvi is wcIi I d¬¨vU| wZwb cwjk K‡i‡Qb, bgbxq K‡i‡Qb Ges cwikxwjZ K‡i‡Qb Zuvi wkí Ges Gi m‡½ Zuvi KvR‡K wKQyUv †mw›U‡g›Uvj K‡i‡Qb| wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki AvaywbK Av‡U©i mvnmx Aa¨v‡qi m~ÎcvZ K‡i‡Qb| GB wk‡íi huviv exi, Rqbyj Av‡ew`b, Kvgi“j nvmvb, mwdDÏxb Ges myjZvb, myiwiqvwjRg Ges wbD-†ivgvw›UwmR‡gi w`‡K wd‡i wd‡i ZvwK‡q‡Qb| Zuvi e¨w³‡Z¡i †Rvi Am¤¢e, †mB †Rvi †_‡K wZwb KvR K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ Avcm K‡ibwb| Av‡ew`‡bi KvR wi‡cÖ‡R‡›Ukbvj, wdMv‡iwUf Ges †WmwµcwUf| AwfÁZv, AwfÁZv †Kej Avgv‡`i †kLvq wi‡cÖ‡R‡›Ukbvj †cBw›Us †KvqvwjwUi w`K †_‡K DuPzgv‡ci| Av‡ew`b †mw`‡KB AMÖm i n‡q‡Qb| AMÖmi n‡Z wM‡q wb‡Ri Kv‡Q ¯úó n‡q‡Q : avi-Kiv ÷vB‡j eogv‡ci KvR Kiv hvq bv| GB †eva †_‡K wZwb Zuvi Abb¨-mËv Avwe®‹v‡i Zuvi wb‡Ri iv¯—v LyuR‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| GB †LuvRv †_‡K wZwb Zuvi ¯^Zš¿ I ¯^vaxb, wbR¯^ iv¯—v Lyu‡R †ei K‡ib| wZwb n‡q I‡Vb gnvb I ¯^vaxb| 

muvIZvj igYxiv Rjis, 1951

27

wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`b

DËim~wii †Pv‡L gyZ©Rv ekxi

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

28

Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi †h-Qwe¸‡jv Avgvi Kv‡Q memgq GKUv Av‡e`b †i‡L‡Q, †mUv n‡jv `ywf©‡¶i Qwe| Zvi c‡ii Qwe¸‡jv `y-GKwU Qvov Avgv‡K †Zgbfv‡e AvKl©Y Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| cÖ_‡gB Rvb‡Z n‡e †h, Rqbyj Av‡ew`b `ywf©‡¶i Qwe †Kb AuvK‡jb| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b MÖvgevsjvi mvaviY gvbyl, †R‡j, †R‡jwb, wKlvb-wKlvwb I †L‡U-LvIqv Rb‡Mvôx, Zv‡`i wZwb Mfxifv‡e fv‡jvevm‡Zb| Zv‡`i `ytL-`y`©kv, Zv‡`i †e`bvq Zuvi ü`‡q i³¶iY n‡Zv| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b †ewkifvM Kv‡RB, bvMwiK Rxe‡bi †P‡q G-†`‡ki MÖvgxY Rb‡Mvôx‡K wPwÎZ K‡i‡Qb| GB mvaviY gvbyl hLb †ZZvwj­‡k KjKvZvq G‡jb, ZLb KjKvZvi bvMwiK‡`i Kv‡Q ev bvMwiK mgv‡R †hme wkíx emevm Ki‡Qb, Zuv‡`i `y-GKRb Qvov †ewkifvM †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q Guiv A‡bKUv c~wZgq AveR©bvi g‡Zv Ñ Zv‡`i gv_vq DKzb, `yM ©Ü, Zviv Dw”Qó Lv‡”Q Ñ hvi R‡b¨ †`Lv hv‡”Q,

KjKvZvq emevmKvix wkíxiv wKš‘ †Zgbfv‡e `ywf©‡¶i Qwe wPwÎZ K‡ibwb; Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Ki‡jb| Zvi KviY Avwg Av‡MB e‡jwQ †h, MÖvgevsjvq cÖwZwU gvby‡li cÖwZ Zuvi GKUv mngwg©Zv wQj| d‡j Zuvi †mB cwiwPZ †R‡j-†R‡jwb, wKlvb-wKlvwb, mvaviY gvbyl hLb ûgwo †L‡q coj ¶zavi R¡vjvq Ges Lv‡`¨i A‡š^l‡Y, ZLb Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi gb †Ku‡` DVj| wKš‘ wZwb Lye weËevb Ni †_‡K Av‡mbwb| d‡j †`Lv hvq, Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi †Zji‡Oi wPÎ A‡bK Kg| KviY †Zji‡Oi LiP A‡bK †ewk| RxweKvi Rb¨ Zuv‡K KjKvZvq AvRv` wKsev †gvnv¤§`x‡Z Bjv‡÷ªkb ev Kfvi G¸‡jv Ki‡Z n‡Zv| Avi †h‡nZz Zuvi GKUv A‡MvQv‡jv fve wQj| d‡j nq‡Zv †`Lv †M‡Q, Pxbv Kvwj‡Z †mme Bjv‡÷ªkb Kivi ci eªvk ay‡Z fy‡j †M‡Qb| d‡j eªvk¸‡jv k³ n‡q †hZ| GUv Rqbyj Av‡ew`b wb‡R e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgvi eªvk¸‡jv k³ n‡q †hZ, Avwg ZLb G‡`i †`‡L hLb Qwe AuvKv ïi“ Kijvg, ZLb eªvk¸‡jv‡K Avwg BU w`‡q Av‡¯— Av‡¯— evwo w`‡q R‡g k³ n‡q hvIqv Kvwj¸‡jv QvovZvg|Õ GKUv wRwbm Avgiv †`Le †h, KvMR¸‡jvI wKš‘ gvgywj wQj| wZwb †WwfK K· wKsev †nvqvBU g¨vb G-ai‡bi `vwg KvM‡Ri cwie‡Z© AwW©bvwi †evW© UvB‡ci KvM‡R AuvK‡Zb| Avgvi

Kjwm Kuv‡L bvix Rjis, 1951

g‡b nq, R‡g-hvIqv eªvk¸‡jv BU w`‡q fvOvi d‡j Zvi WªBs eªvk B‡d±Uv Av‡m| A¨vw·‡W›Uvwj GB B‡d±Uv cvq| Avgiv Zuvi cieZx©Kv‡ji Kv‡R †`wL †h, Dwb †ek mv`v jvBb e¨envi K‡i‡Qb, I¸‡jv Avgiv Rvwb wZwb KvM‡R cwiKwíZfv‡e †gvg w`‡q Av‡M GKUv †¯‹‡Pi g‡Zv Ki‡Zb Zvici hLb Kv‡jv Kvwj GKUz cvZjv K‡i Iqvk w`‡Zb, ZLb †mB mv`v jvBb¸‡jv †ewi‡q AvmZ| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi `ywf©‡¶i Qwe‡Z G-†`‡ki gvby‡li Rxe‡bi †h `ytL-`y`©kv Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb, Zuvi bevbœ‡Z Avwg wKš‘ †mUv Lyu‡R cvBwb| Avwg GK Bw ev †`o Bw KvMR †K‡U `ywf©‡¶i KvK, bi-bvixi †PvL, nvZ, Zv‡`i Pvnbx Avi bev‡bœi †h gvbyl wgwj‡q †`‡LwQ Ñ †mB †h AvwZ©, †mB †h hš¿Yv, †mUv wKš‘ Avwg Luy‡R cvBwb| Zvi KviY Avgvi †hUv g‡b n‡q‡Q, bev‡bœi KvR¸‡jv‡Z wZwb G-†`‡ki RxebhvÎvi Qwe AuvK‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ kn‡i e‡m mgv‡Ri me iKg Kg‡dvU© wb‡q wVK hš¿YvUv Zuvi ey‡K wQj bv| wKš‘ Avgiv †`wL, gbcyivq wZwb †h-KvR¸‡jv K‡i‡Qb, †mUvi g‡a¨ †mB `ywf©‡¶i g‡Zv hš¿Yv i‡q‡Q| KviY gbcyivq wKš‘ wZwb Qy‡U wM‡qwQ‡jb| d‡j n‡q‡Q Kx †h, gbcyivi Kv‡R hZUv gvby‡li †e`bv Avgiv Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvwi, †mUv Avgiv wKš‘ Zuvi bevbœ wel‡q, j¤^v ¯Œj, †mUvi g‡a¨ Lyu‡R cvB bv| Gic‡i Rqbyj Av‡ew`b †hme KvR K‡i‡Qb, Avgv‡K wVK †Zgbfv‡e AvK…ó K‡iwb| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Av‡iv wKQy KvR Avgvi Lye fv‡jv jv‡M, Avgv‡K Lye A¨vwcj K‡iwQj| †m-KvR¸‡jv †`Lvi ci Avgvi wb‡Ri AvaywbK wPÎKjvi w`‡K GKUv AvMÖn ˆZwi n‡qwQj| †m-Qwe¸‡jv n‡jv Ñ †cwjK¨v‡bi (†cwjK¨v‡bi iwOb Kvwj wQj jvj, bxj, meyR, †e¸wb) iwOb Kvwj‡Z †QvU †QvU KvM‡R Kiv| †mUv 1953 mv‡j, wZwb †ekwKQy KvR K‡iwQ‡jb| †hgb ÔevOvwj igYxÕ wKsev Ô†e‡`wbÕ, wKsev GB RvZxq we‡kl K‡i evOvwj igYx `ywU †evb| Avgvi Kv‡Q †hUv g‡b n‡q‡Q, GB cÖ_g wZwb evsjvi †h †dvK †gvwUd, †mUvi cÖwZ AvK…ó nb Ges GLv‡b evsjvi cÖengvb †jvKwkí †_‡KB ïay †gvwUf †bbwb, Zuvi A‡ji †h gvwUi cyZzj, gqgbwms‡ni †h gvwUi cyZzj, †mUvi Av`jUv wb‡qwQ‡jb| d‡j †Rvov fyi“ Ges wPey‡Ki g‡a¨ GKUv A¨v½yjvi, †hUv IB gvwUi cyZzj¸‡jv‡Z †`Lv hvq, wZwb IUv †_‡K AbycÖvwYZ nb| Avgiv Rvwb, †hgb Kvgi“j nvmvb, wZwb k‡Li nuvwo †_‡K AbycÖvwYZ n‡qwQ‡jb, KvjxNvU †_‡K AbycÖvwYZ n‡q‡Qb; KvBqyg †PŠayix †hgb Rvg`vwb kvwoi R¨vwgwZK bKkv †_‡K AbycÖvwYZ n‡q‡Qb; iwk` †PŠayix †hgb mivwPÎ †_‡K AbycÖvwYZ n‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b GB mgq †h-Qwe¸‡jv Auv‡Kb †m-Qwe¸‡jv G‡Kev‡i gqgbwms‡ni AvÂwjK †mB cyZz‡ji| †mUv Avgv‡K LyeB AvK…ó K‡iwQj|  29

Avgvi Rqbyj Av‡ew`b ˆmq` kvgmyj nK

wZZzgx‡ii euv‡ki †Kj­v wgkÖgva¨g, 1968

30

Avi mK‡ji Rqbyj Av‡ew`b, Avgvi wZwb Av‡ew`bfvB| i‡³i m¤úK© bq, i‡³i †P‡qI Mvp †h wkí Ñ hvi Kvi‡Y msmv‡i †_‡KI msmvwi bB, mvgvb¨ Avcb msmv‡ii e`‡j e„nr GK msmvi †c‡qwQ wk‡í, Avi GB wk‡íi cÖv½‡Y cwiev‡ii mevi AwaK AvZ¥vi AvZ¥xq huv‡`i e‡j †c‡qwQ, wZwb Avgvi Rxeb-LvZvi cÖ_g cvZv‡ZB cÖ_g bvgwU n‡q Av‡Qb Ñ Av‡ew`bfvB| MZ kZvãxi †mB cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki Avgiv hviv, G-Kv‡ji g‡Zv Avgv‡`i A‡f¨m wQ‡jv bv, PU K‡i KvD‡K fvB ejv Ñ AMÖR mevB‡K bv‡gi cÖ_gvs‡k mv‡ne jvwM‡q m‡¤^vab KivB wQ‡jv `¯‘i| wKš‘ Kx ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB bv cwiP‡qi cÖ_g w`b †_‡KB Rqbyj Av‡ew`b n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb Av‡ew`bfvB, Kvgi“j nvmvb Kvgi“jfvB Ñ evsjvi GB Av‡iK Abb¨ iƒcKvi Ñ KZ ¯^”Q‡›`B bv Guiv fvB‡qi AwaK fvB wQ‡jb Avgvi| wkí! Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi Kv‡Q wkí gv‡b Zuvi PwP©Z AuvKvi gva¨gwU †Kej bq, gvb‡ei hZ

cÖKvkgva¨g Av‡Q, cÖZ¨‡ni I ev¯—eZvi AbyiY‡b Aweivg SsK…Z m„Rbkxj g‡bi †h-cÖKvk¸‡jv i‡q‡Q Ñ mvwnZ¨, msMxZ, bvUK Ñ meB Zuvi Kv‡Q GK n‡q AbyfZ ~ n‡Zv| ZvB †`wL Zuvi ü`q-eÜbwU wQ‡jv GB eØx‡ci mKj m„Rbkxj gvby‡li m‡½| AvZ¥vi AvZ¥xq Zuvi wQ‡jb ZuviB mg‡qi mgeqmx Ges AbyR mKj wkíx-mvwnwZ¨K, GgbwK huviv m„Rbkxj bb wKš‘ GB gvwU I gvby‡li AZx‡Zi m‡½ jMœ Ges fwel¨‡Zi cÖwZ `„wógvb, ZuvivI Zuvi wQ‡jb m‡nv`‡ii AwaK| †`k-¯^cœevb GK weivU msmvi wQ‡jv Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi| Gu‡`i wb‡qB wZwb c_ P‡j‡Qb| Aweivg Gu‡`i m‡½B wQ‡jv Zuvi Rxe‡bi AwZevnb| †eu‡P _vK‡j AvR GKk eQ‡i †cuŠQ‡Zb wZwb| bk¦i kixiwU Zuvi cwZZ n‡q‡Q e‡U, †hgb meviB nq I n‡e, wKš‘ wZwb kZel© †cwi‡q evsjvi mnmª erm‡iI Rxwe‡Zi AwaK RxweZ n‡q Av‡Qb| Zuvi G Kvj AwZµgx Rxeb †Kej wPÎKi‡`i mvwi‡Z bq, wP‡Îi AwaK †h wPÎ Avgiv mK‡jB †`‡L DwV mvwn‡Z¨, msMx‡Z Z_v evOvwji RxebPh©vq, Zvi †fZ‡iB wZwb Av‡Qb Zuvi `xwß I cÖ‡Yv`bv wb‡q| Av‡ew`bfvB‡K wb‡q Zuvi Rb¥kZe‡l© GKwU †jLvi Aby‡iva Av‡m, Avwg †f‡e cvB bv Kx wjL‡ev? wjL‡ev wK †mB Abb¨ wPÎK‡ii K_v whwb ïay evsjvi bq, GB `w¶Y Gwkqvi bq, mgMÖ c„w_ex‡ZB Ges c„w_exi c~e©vci wPÎKjvi BwZnv‡mB cÖ_g wkíx huvi Zzwj‡Z ¶zavi wb®‹i“Y wPÎgvjv n‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jv| Zuvi Av‡M †Zv bqB, c‡iI ¶zav‡K welq K‡i, ¶zavq gvby‡li g„Zz¨‡K †µv‡ai Kv‡jv i‡O Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb Ggb GKRb‡KI Avwg Avi †`wL bv| GL‡bv hLb Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi nv‡Z-Kiv †mB `ywf©¶, cÂv‡ki †mB gš^š—i Kv‡ji wPÎgvjvi w`‡K `„wócvZ Kwi, wkD‡i DwV, Aembœ nB, Avevi D‡ËvwjZI nB| gvb‡ei nv‡ZB gvb‡ei Ggb wech©q †h wP‡Îi welq n‡Z cv‡i Ñ hLb Avgiv wPÎ gv‡bB `„wói †Kvgj Av‡jv wK wbmM© we¯—vi wK mygb g‡bv‡e`bv wK ¯^Mx©q A_ev HwZnvwmK NUbv gyn~‡Z©i wPÎY eySZvg Ñ ZLb Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi wPË UsKviwU‡K wbg©g ¶zavi w`‡K iwYZ n‡Z †`‡L we¯§‡q ¯—ä n‡q hvB| D”PviY K‡i DwV, Rbbx c„w_exi gnËg GK mš—vb GB Rqbyj Av‡ew`b whwb gvbem„ó weKUZv‡KB D‡b¥vwPZ K‡i †M‡Qb wPÎc‡U IB cÖ_g Ges GLb ch©š— GKvB wZwb GB wP·Y| A_ev, †mB gvbylwU‡K wb‡q wjL‡ev huvi †bZ…‡Z¡ evOvwj gymjgv‡bi wPÎc‡U hvÎv ïi“ n‡qwQ‡jv, whwb agx©q Abykvmb †f‡O A_ev GiB wecix‡Z GB mgv‡R GKwU aviv iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb AsK‡bi, wPÎc‡U Rxeb D‡b¥vP‡bi, cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb Pvi“Kjvi we`¨vjq| A_ev, †mB gvbylwU Ñ whwb mevB‡K Ñ wkíx mvwnwZ¨K ms¯‹…wZgvb mevB‡K wb‡q Zzgyj D‡ØvwaZ GKwU Pµ M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb GB evsjvq †mB MZ kZvãxi cÂv‡ki `k‡K, †ei“‡Zb PoyBfvwZ‡Z,

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Avqbvmn ea~ A¨vwµwjK, 1972

c_Pjvq Avgvi `xN© lvU eQ‡ii m½x wPÎKi KvBqyg †PŠayix Avi †bB| GB wKQy¶Y Av‡M wZwb mfvg‡Â mevi mv¶v‡Z mevB‡K †Q‡o P‡j †M‡jb! evsjvq B›`ªcZb e‡j GKUv K_v Av‡Q| †`k †_‡K `~‡i Avwg, mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i, Rxe‡b cÖ_g weg~p n‡q †`Ljvg B›`ªcZb Kv‡K e‡j| Av‡ew`bfvB‡K wb‡q GLb GB †jLvwU †h wjL‡Z em‡ev, Avgvi me ¸wj‡q hvq| GB KvBqy‡gi m‡½B †Zv cÖ_g Avwg Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi evwo wM‡qwQjvg! GB KvBqy‡gi 32

wkíRxeb hw` j¶ Kwi Z‡e †Zv †`L‡Z cvB Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Avi Kvgi“j nvmvb Ñ GB `yB gnvb wPÎKi Ñ Gu‡`i †_‡KB MwVZ n‡q‡Qb KvBqyg| Kvgi“jfvB‡qi KvQ †_‡K KvBqyg †c‡q‡Qb evsjvi †iLvq i‡O iƒcKíwU, Avi Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi KvQ †_‡K GB †`kgvZ…Kv I gvby‡li cÖwZ †cÖg| AvwgI †`k‡K Avgvi †kvwY‡Z aŸwb‡Z cvB Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi gvbm †_‡K cÖ_gZ Ñ Lye ¯úó K‡i †h

GB cÖvcYwU‡K ZLb Avwg †eva K‡i D‡VwQ, Zv bq| w`b hZ †M‡Q ZZB †PZbv-Mfx‡i Avwe®‹vi K‡iwQ Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi m½ †_‡K cvIqv m~θ‡jv| Avgvi †MŠie I Me© †h, Avwg Zuv‡K †`‡LwQjvg, †c‡qwQjvg I MÖnY Ki‡Z †c‡iwQjvg| fwel¨‡Z Av‡iv gvbyl Avm‡eb, Zuviv Avgv‡`i wk‡íi msmvi‡K Av‡iv Rwg‡q Zzj‡eb, Av‡iv m„R‡b Zuviv GB †`kwU‡K mg„× K‡i Zzj‡eb, wKš‘ Zuv‡`i Zzjbvq Avgv‡`i GKUv wRr GB i‡qB hv‡e †h, Avgiv GB gvbyl¸‡jv‡K †`‡LwQjvg, Gu‡`i cÖZ¨¶ mvwbœ‡a¨ Avgiv eo n‡qwQjvg| evOvwji Mo wn‡m‡e kvixwiKfv‡eB eo gv‡ci gvbyl wQ‡jb Av‡ew`bfvB, gb I m„R‡bi w`K †_‡K Gi mnmª¸Y eo gv‡ci wQ‡jb wZwb| †h‡nZz Zuvi mvwbœa¨ †c‡qwQjvg, AbyR GB Avgvi cÖwZ Zuvi †ønwU †c‡qwQjvg, AvR GB wjL‡bi gyn‡~ Z© Zuv‡K wkíx bq, wek¦L¨vZ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b bq, Avgvi Av‡ew`bfvB‡KB Avwg ¯§iY K‡i DVwQ| g‡b c‡o, Avgvi ZLb eQi `‡kK eqm, KzwoMÖv‡gi evwo‡Z Avm‡Zv KjKvZvi mvßvwnK wgj­vZ cwÎKvwU, Avi IB cwÎKvi †cQ‡bi c„ôvq cÖwZ mßv‡n Qvcv n‡Zv Rqby‡ji †mB `ywf©¶ wPÎgvjvi GKwU K‡i| g‡b c‡o, AevK n‡q ZvwK‡q _vKZvg| cÂv‡ki †mB `ywf©¶ Kvj †Zv AvwgI †`‡LwQ, GK †ejv †L‡q †_‡KwQ, fv‡Zi d¨vb wfbœ gv Avgv‡`i Avnvi †RvMv‡Z cv‡ibwb, †`‡LwQ ¶zavq KsKvjmvi gvbyl‡K auy‡K auy‡K c_ Pj‡Z, jvk †`‡LwQ aijvi cv‡o, †ij Bw÷kv‡bi c­¨vUdi‡g, WvKevs‡jvi gv‡V, j½iLvbvq AvwgI †h mvwi‡Z e‡mwQ evev-gv‡qi †Pv‡Li Avov‡j ¶zavi hš¿Yvq| GiB Qwe! GB g„Zz¨i Qwe! evjK‡ejvi †mB `ytmn w`b¸‡jvi c‡ic‡iB GKRbvi nv‡Z kv`v-Kv‡jvq GB wPÎgvjv! wb‡P bvg †jLv wkíx Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| gvÎ K‡qK eQi c‡iB Zuv‡K cÖ_g †Pv‡L †`Ljvg wjUb n‡ji wgjbvqZ‡b GK wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx‡Z| XvKvi Avw`Kv‡ji †mB wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx‡Z Avwg GKwU j¤^v‡U Qwei mvg‡b gy» wK‡kvi `uvwo‡qwQjvg| GKwU bvi‡Kvj Mv‡Qi bwgZ Wvj, WvjwU Ava fvOv, Avi †mB fvOvi Ic‡i e‡m Av‡Q GKwU KvK| KvK! `ywf©‡¶i wPÎgvjvi c‡i GB Av‡iK KvK! Avwg †`LwQ, Zb¥q n‡q †`LwQ, g‡bi g‡a¨ kv`v-Kv‡jvq AuvKv `ywf©¶Kv‡ji KvK wK ZLb Avgvi g‡b cowQ‡jv? †evanq AZUv bq| nVvr †cQ‡b GKUv WvK| Ny‡i †`wL, GKRbv Avgv‡K ej‡Qb, QweUv †Zvgvi fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q? †K Gu‡K‡Qb Zuv‡K †`L‡e? GB †h Dwb! †Zvgvi cv‡kB! ZvwK‡q †`wL gvbylwU‡K| Kx `xN© †`nwU| gyLwU Kx w¯§Z cÖmbœ! GKUv Av‡jv Qwo‡q `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| †hb †`e`k©b NU‡jv Avgvi| whwb Zuv‡K †`Lv‡jb, A‡bK c‡i †R‡bwQ wZwb AwRZKzgvi ¸n, c‡i RMbœv_ K‡j‡R Zuv‡K Avwg †c‡qwQjvg evsjvi Aa¨vcK| Kuvcv Kuvcv Mjvq e‡jwQjvg, Avcwb †mB KvK Gu‡KwQ‡jb! wZwb wKQz ej‡jb bv Gi

Rev‡e| Avgvi Kuv‡a nvZ †i‡L †QvÆ GKUv Pvco w`‡jb| wkíxi nv‡Zi ¯úk© †mB cÖ_g Avwg cvB Avgvi bk¦i GB kix‡i| AvR †cQb wd‡i g‡b nq, cikgwY e‡j GKUv K_v Av‡Q wKse`wš—‡Z Ñ hvi ¯ú‡k© †jvnvI †mvbv n‡q hvq| nq‡Zv Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi †mw`‡bi †mB mvgvb¨ ¯úk©UvB wQ‡jv Avgvi R‡b¨ wk‡íi we`y¨r¯ú„ó nevi gnvgyn~Z©wU| c‡i hLb KvBqy‡gi m‡½ Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi evwo hvB, cÖ_g †`Lv‡ZB IB mv¶v‡Zi K_vwU ewj, Avi ewj †h fvOv bvi‡Kv‡ji Wv‡j emv Zuvi AuvKv KvKwU Avwg fzj‡Z cvwiwb, wZwb e‡jb, GB KvKwU hw`I meyR GKUv Mv‡Qi Wv‡j, Avwg Zv‡K Gu‡KwQ fvOv Wv‡ji Ici! Av¯— m‡ZR Wv‡j †h bq, Gi g‡a¨ KjKvZvi dzUcv‡_ `ywf©‡¶ g‡i hvIqv gvby‡li cv‡k KvKwUi ¯§„wZ wKš‘ i‡q †M‡Q| i‡q †M‡Q fvOv WvjwU‡ZB wKš‘| Zvic‡iB ej‡jb, bv, G QweUv AuvKevi mgq `ywf©‡¶i KvKv Avgvi gv_vq wQ‡jv bv, GLb Avcwb ejvq GB cÖ_g Avgvi Agb g‡b n‡”Q| ej‡jb, GKwU †`Lv hLb g‡bi g‡a¨ `vM †K‡U e‡m hvq, Zvici hv †`wL Zvi †fZ‡i cÖ_g †`LvwU wKš‘ †_‡KB hvq Ñ ¯úó K‡i bv eyS‡jI| Av‡ew`bfvB Avgv‡K Avcwb e‡jB eivei m‡¤^vab K‡i G‡m‡Qb, eû e‡jI Zuv‡K Avgvi R‡b¨ Zzwg ejv‡Z cvwiwb| eis `y-GKevi hLb †ek AwfgvbB K‡iwQ G-Kvi‡Y, wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Av‡i evc! A¶‡i RMr aiv! RMr a‡i IVv! Avcbvi Kjg wK Zzwji †P‡q Kg! KZ eo GKUv c‡_ †ewi‡q‡Qb! G-K_v g‡b co‡j GL‡bv Avgvi †PvL wf‡R I‡V| †PvL wf‡R I‡V Avgvi we‡qi w`bwUi K_v g‡b K‡i| Av‡bvqvivi m‡½ Avgvi weevnhvÎvq m½x n‡qwQ‡jb Ñ K…ZÁ Avwg fve‡ZB cvwi bv, †mB eq‡m GZ ¸YxR‡bi fv‡jvevmv Avwg †c‡qwQjvg Ñ †PvL wf‡R Av‡m Ñ eihvÎvq wQ‡jb Kwe Rmxg D`&`xb, kIKZ Imgvb, gybxi †PŠayix, KvBqyg †PŠayix, kvgmyi ivngvb, Avi wQ‡jb evj¨eÜz dRj kvnveywÏb, Avgvi cÖKvkK Avng` AvwZKzj gvIjv| Avm‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb Av‡ew`bfvB, wKš‘ nVvr Kx GKUv Ri“wi Kv‡R AvU‡K wM‡qwQ‡jb, bv-Avm‡Z cvievi Lei hLb cvVv‡jb, gbUv Lye Lvivc n‡q wM‡qwQ‡jv| eihvÎv j²xevRvi †_‡K bqvcëb a‡i G‡Mv‡”Q, aivP~ov civ Avwg NvgwQ, Mvwo‡Z Avgvi GKcv‡k Kwe Rmxg D`&`xb, Av‡iK cv‡k kvgmyi ivngvb, Mvwo Pjv‡”Qb ZLbKvi weL¨vZ wm‡bgv-bvqK nvi“b, MvwowU †RvbvwK wm‡bgv n‡ji KvQvKvwQ, nVvr nvi“b ej‡jb, Av‡i †K GKRb Mvwo _vgvevi R‡b¨ c‡_i gvSLv‡b `ynvZ Zz‡j `uvwo‡q! ZvwK‡q †`wL Ñ Av‡ew`bfvB! `ycy‡ii Zxeª †iv‡` `xN© gvbylwU `ynvZ Zz‡j `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb! Mvwo _vg‡ZB cÖvq †`Š‡o G‡m Av‡ew`bfvB Avgvi `yMv‡j †VuvU bvwg‡q Pz‡gv †L‡jb| ej‡jb, fvB! Avwg ZLb †_‡K iv¯—vq `uvwo‡q 33

AvwQ KLb Avcbvi wgwQj Av‡m! m‡½ †h‡Z cviwQ bv, ZvB e‡j GKUz Av`iI wK w`‡Z cvi‡ev bv Avcbvi Rxe‡bi Ggb GKUv mg‡q!

GB Avgvi Av‡ew`bfvB! GZUv fv‡jvevm‡Zb Avgv‡K! Avi GB fv‡jvevmvi Av‡iKevi cÖgvY Avwg †c‡qwQjvg hLb wZwb jÛ‡b G‡jb Mjvq K¨vÝvi e¨vwa wb‡q wPwKrwmZ n‡Z| ZLb †`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q| e½eÜz Amy¯’ wkívPvh©‡K cvwV‡q‡Qb jÛ‡b wPwKrmvi R‡b¨| Avwg ZLb wewewm‡Z Kg©iZ| nVvr `ycyi‡ejvq †dvb †cjvg Av‡ew`bfvB G‡m‡Qb| Zuvi †h Agb GKUv gvivZ¥K e¨vwa n‡q‡Q, †mB cÖ_g ïbjvg| Zr¶Yvr Avwcm †d‡j iIbv njvg| Av‡Qb wZwb evsjv‡`k `~Zvev‡mi cv‡kB GK †nv‡U‡j| ZiZi K‡i wmuwo †e‡q DVjvg, Zuvi Kvgivi `‡ivRv †V‡j `uvovjvg D™£v‡š—i g‡Zv| †`Ljvg, Av‡ew`bfvB ï‡q Av‡Qb GKUv †e‡W, Zvi Icv‡ii †e‡W Zuvi Rxebm½x Avgv‡`i Rvnvbvivfvwe e‡m Av‡Qb| `‡ivRvq Avwg w¯’i| nVvr GKUv m¨v‡Ûj G‡m Avgvi ey‡K co‡jv| Pg‡K DwV Avwg| Av‡ew`bfvB weQvbv †_‡K Sz‡u K wb‡P ivLv cv‡qi GKcvwU m¨v‡Ûj Zz‡j Qy‡o †g‡i‡Qb| Avi ej‡Qb, Kx †`L‡Z G‡m‡Qb? jvk! Avgvi jvk †`L‡Z G‡m‡Qb? Qy‡U Kv‡Q †h‡ZB wZwb Avgv‡K ey‡Ki Ici †U‡b wb‡jb| ej‡jb, Av‡Rv Avwg Kv‡b ¯úó ïb‡Z cvB Ñ Avgvi fv‡jvevmvi gvbyl eBjvB bv Avc‡b‡i Avwg RyZv gviwQ| GB RyZv Avc‡bi w`‡K bv!

GB RyZv g„Zz¨i w`‡K| g„Z¨z ‡i Avwg RyZv gviwQ! Avc‡b‡i bv! bv! bv! †mB AvZ©¯i^ , g„Zz¨‡K AvnZ cÖnZ Kievi †mB ¯^i Avwg fzj‡ev Kx K‡i!

A‡bK¶Y c‡i Av‡ew`bfvB ej‡jb, fvB, GBLv‡b †nv‡U‡j †h Bswjk Lvevi †`q, Avwg LvB‡Z cvwi bv| ejjvg, Kx †L‡Z Pvb? weQvbvq ZLb mUvb D‡V e‡m Av‡ew`bfvB ej‡jb, fzbv wLPzwo n‡e! †_‡g †_‡g ej‡jb, Zvici a‡ib i“B gv‡Qi †cwU, †ek gv‡Lv gv‡Lv †Svj n‡e| Avi, Avi, Avi †e¸b fZ©v| e‡jB wek` Ki‡jb, ev¸bUv‡i cyovqv hw` fZ©v nq! ejjvg, ZvB n‡e Av‡ew`bfvB! Avwg KvjB e¨e¯’v KiwQ| Avwcm †_‡K QywU wbjvg ciw`‡bi| jÛ‡bi evOvwj †`vKv‡b wM‡q i“BgvQ wKbjvg, gqgbwms‡ni †Mvj †e¸b Avi wLPzwoi R‡b¨ gyMWvj! Av‡bvqviv ZLb jÛ‡b _v‡Kb bv, ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û GK nvmcvZv‡j wZwb Kg©iZ, wb‡RB ciw`b iuvajvg gyMWv‡ji fzbv wLPzwo, M¨v‡mi Av¸‡b †e¸b Sj‡m Kijvg fZ©v Avi i“Bgv‡Qi †`v‡cuqvRv| Avgvi †g‡q wew`Zv mvZ eQ‡ii ZLb, Zv‡K wb‡q Av‡ew`bfvB‡qi †nv‡U‡j †Mjvg| Zuvi mv‡ai Zuvi †mB gqgbwms‡ni Zuvi †mB evOvwj e¨Ä‡bi Av‡qvRb †h mwZ¨ mwZ¨ Avwg Ki‡Z cvi‡ev, wZwb fve‡ZI cv‡ibwb| eo Z…wß K‡i †L‡jb| Av‡Rv Avgvi †PvL f‡i Av‡Q †mB `„k¨| fvweI †L‡jb| LvIqv †k‡l Av‡ew`bfvB Avgvi †g‡q‡K †Kv‡j Rwo‡q 34

a‡i em‡jb| Avwg ejjvg, Avgvi †g‡qwU‡K Avbjvg, GZeo GKRb wkíx‡K GKevi †hb †Pv‡L †`L‡Z cvq| Av‡ew`bfvB G-K_v ï‡b wew`Zv‡K Pz‡gv †L‡q ej‡jb, gv‡Mv, Avgvi †P‡qI eo wkíx †Zvgvi evev, Zv‡i cvB‡Qv, Zzwg RMr cvB‡Qv! Avwg Avgvi †Pv‡Li cvwb a‡i ivL‡Z cvwi bv| GB Avgvi Av‡ew`bfvB! GZ Zuvi fv‡jvevmv! A‡bKUv AcÖ¯Z ‘ n‡q, K_v †Nvivevi R‡b¨ Av‡ew`bfvB‡K ejjvg, Av”Qv, Avcwb hw` Avevi Avcbvi †hŠeb wd‡i cvb Z‡e Kx Ki‡Zb? GK gyn~Z© mgq bv wb‡q wZwb e‡j DV‡jb, Avevi cvB‡j Zv‡i weqv KiZvg! Ñ Kv‡K? Av‡ew`bfvB ej‡jb, †mB Zv‡K! wkíxi `xN© AvOzj Zz‡j ej‡jb, IB †h `¨v‡Lb b`x! Avgvi eªþcyÎ! b`xi IB cv‡i IB †h `¨v‡Lb jvj kvwo‡Z gvBqvUv| AvmgvbUv bxj, h¨vb †`vqv‡Zi Kvwj XvBjv w`‡Q! gvBqvUv nuvBUv hvB‡Z Av‡Q! †mB Zv‡i! Avevi cvB‡j Zv‡i weqv KiZvg! cv‡ki weQvbv‡ZB Rvnvbvivfvwe| Avwg Zuvi w`‡K ZvKv‡Z cvwi bv| GZKv‡ji Rxebm½x †h cv‡kB, Zuv‡K G‡Kev‡i fz‡j wM‡q Av‡ew`bfvB Mvp Mjvq e‡j P‡j‡Qb, QweUv wK `¨vL‡Z cvBZv‡Qb? bxj Avmgvb, jvj kvwo, IB IB IB Lvovqv Av‡Q! Avevi cvB‡j Ñ Zv‡i! nu¨v, Zv‡iB! bvix †Zv bq, †hb Rxeb ¯^qs A‡c¶gvY GK Rxebwkíxi R‡b¨| Avi b`xwU! Rji‡O KZevi GB b`xi Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb Av‡ew`bfvB| GB Rji‡O AuvKv Qwei R‡b¨B †mB weªwUk Avg‡j me©fvi‡Z cÖ_g n‡qwQ‡jb wZwb Pvi“Kjvi QvÎKv‡j| Avgvi †Pv‡Li mgy‡L g~Z© n‡q I‡V| Av‡Rv g~Z© n‡q Av‡Q| g~Z© n‡q Av‡Q gvbem„ó `ywf©‡¶i †mB wPÎgvjv, c„w_ex‡Z hvi wØZxq bwRi Avi †bB, †h-wPÎgvjv †mw`‡bi weªwUk fvi‡Z hLb w`wj­‡Z cÖ`wk©Z nq, abKz‡ei weijv †h wPrKvi K‡i e‡jwQ‡jb, GB Qwe¸‡jv mwi‡q bvI, miv‡Z KZ UvKv jvM‡e? Avn, GB weijvivI †Zv IB `ywf©‡¶i R‡b¨ `vqx Ñ fzj‡Z cvwi bv| Gi wecix‡Z Rxeb| Rxe‡bi cÖwZ Z…òv| gvbweK Rxeb| mvgvb¨ Rxe‡bi Amvgvb¨ †h PvIqv! Avgvi mš—vb †hb _v‡K `y‡afv‡Z! †h-mš—v‡bi Rbbx n‡e b`xi Icv‡i IB bvixwU! bv, Av‡Rv Rxe‡bi A‡c¶v dz‡ivqwb Rxebwkíxi R‡b¨, Ggb gnvb GK wkíxi R‡b¨ Av‡Rv †m Avgv‡`i Rxeb b`xi cv‡i, bexb m~‡h©i jvj iOwU Zvi kvwo‡Z Zz‡j wb‡q IB †nu‡U hv‡”Q| Avgvi †mŠfvM¨, †mB wkíxi GKB evqy‡Z Avwg wbtk¦vm wb‡qwQ, †`vqv‡Zi Kvwj-Xvjv †mB GKB bxj AvKv‡ki wb‡P AvwgI Avgv‡K Ñ Avgv‡`i mevB‡K Ñ †c‡qwQ| Avgv‡`i mevi †fZ‡i Av‡Qb Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Zuvi RxebZ…òv wb‡q, gvb‡ei A¶q †hŠeb¯^cœ wb‡q| Avgvi †fZ‡i †mB Av‡ew`bfvB‡K wb‡q huvi D‡ØvwaZ gvbe‡PZbvq Av‡Rv Avwg c_ nuvUwQ \ 

Av‡ew`b m¨vi ˆmq` Rvnv½xi

wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`b wQ‡jb Avgvi wkí¸i“| 1950 †_‡K Õ55 ch©š— mgq Avwg wQjvg Zuvi mivmwi QvÎ| AvU© K‡j‡R| WªBs Kivi †KŠkj wk‡LwQ| wk‡LwQ Kv‡jv Kvwj Avi Rji‡O Qwe AuvKvi Kjv‡KŠkj| g‡b Av‡Q, GKevi K¬v‡m wZwb Avgv‡K gyiwMi cv Gu‡K †`wL‡qwQ‡jb| Kx `ª“Z Ges wbLyuZ WªBs wQj †mUv, Av‡Rv ¯§„wZ‡Z A¤­vb n‡q Av‡Q| †mw`b A‡bK QvÎB Zuvi †ønfvRb wQj, AvwgI Zv‡`i GKRb| Av‡ew`b m¨v‡ii K_v ï‡bwQjvg Avgvi AMÖR wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvd‡ii Kv‡Q AvU© K‡j‡R fwZ© nIqvi Av‡M| wZwbB †h cÂv‡ki gš^š—‡ii Qwe Gu‡K fviZel© Z_v mviv c„w_exRy‡o L¨vwZ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb, †mUv †R‡bwQjvg A‡bK c‡i| IB mg‡qi m¨v‡ii AuvKv Qwe †`L‡j GL‡bv Mv wkD‡i I‡V| Kx gg©vwš—K `„k¨, KZ mn‡R jvBb †U‡b AuvKv hvq Pv¶zl bv †`L‡j wek¦vm n‡Zv bv| GZ eogv‡ci GKRb wkíx wQ‡jb AZ¨š— mnR-mij| nvwmLywk Avi iwmKZvq gk¸j K‡i ivL‡Zb Zvi †kÖvZv‡`i| GKevi †ek gRv K‡i GKUv

gv I wkï, †gw·‡Kv gvwK©s †cb, 1956

35

Mí †kvbv‡jb; GKUv Pzwii gvgjvq Av`vj‡Z GKRb wbi¶i mv¶x, RR mv‡n‡ei cÖkœ Ñ ÔZzwg Pzwi Ki‡Z †`‡LwQ‡j? KZ `~‡i †_‡K †`‡LQ Zzwg?Õ mv¶xi Reve, Ôm¨vi, GB Avc‡b †hgb Mi“Wv... Avi Avwg †hgb LyWvWv|Õ nvm‡Z nvm‡Z bv¯—vbvey` mK‡j| G ai‡bi Av‡iv A‡bK Mí Ki‡Zb wZwb| ïwb‡qwQ‡jb, wk¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi GK Kg©KZ©v hLb Rvb‡Z cv‡ib Rqbyj Av‡ew`b GKRb wPÎwkíx, wZwb Av‡ew`b m¨vi‡K Aby‡iva K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi QvZvi Ici f`ª‡jv‡Ki bvg wj‡L w`‡Z, KZeo wkíx wZwb Zv †`Lvi Rb¨| AvU© K‡jR cÖwZôv Ki‡Z wM‡q m¨vi‡K †h KZ aKj †cvnv‡Z n‡qwQj Zvi Aš— †bB| GZme Sv‡gjv m¨vi‡K wb‡Ri Qwe AuvKv †_‡K eûw`b `~‡i ivL‡Z eva¨ K‡iwQj| Z‡e mv_©K wQj Zuvi cÖ‡Póv : AvR †mB wkí wk¶v †K›`ª gnxi“‡ni AvKvi aviY K‡i‡Q| G-†`‡ki KZkZ bvwg wkíx wQ‡jb IB †K‡›`ªi QvÎQvÎx| GKevi m¨vi Avgvi Ici Lye †i‡M wM‡qwQ‡jb| Avwg ZLb dvBbvj Bqv‡ii QvÎ| K‡j‡R evwl©K cÖ`k©bx n‡e bv e‡j m¨vi Rvwb‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb, miKvi †_‡K Aby`vb cvIqv hvqwb e‡j| Avgvi D‡`¨v‡M _vW© Bqvi, †dv_© Bqvi Ges dvBbvj Bqv‡ii Qv‡Îiv wg‡j GKUv †hŠ_ cÖ`k©bxi Av‡qvRb Kwi K‡j‡Ri evB‡i| Kvgi“j nvmvb‡K mfvcwZ K‡i GKUv msMVb Kwi ÔB÷ AvU©m MÖ“cÕ bv‡g| 1954 mv‡j IB cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ nq m¤¢eZ XvKv n‡ji WvBwbsi“‡g| cÖ`k©bx‡Z †ekwKQy Qwe wewµI n‡qwQj| K‡j‡Ri evB‡i wM‡q cÖ`k©bx Kiv Ges Avwg Zvi D‡`¨v³v, G-Kvi‡Y m¨vi `xN©w`b Avgvi m‡½ K_vB ej‡Zb bv| Z‡e cieZx©Kv‡j m¨vi †mUv fy‡j hvb| cvk Kivi ci wbqwgZB †hZvg m¨v‡ii kvwš—bM‡ii evmvq| †MU w`‡q XyK‡ZB wQj j¤^v-PIov GKcÖ¯’ wmuwo, hvi `ycv‡k wQj Avj‡m (emvi RvqMv)| AvÇv n‡Zv †`‡ki cÖw_Zhkv msMxZwkíx, wPÎwkíx, Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K, ¯’cwZ, wPwKrmK, Av‡jvKwPÎx bvbv †kÖwY-†ckvi gvby‡li m‡½| mK‡jB Dc‡fvM Ki‡Zb Av‡ew`b m¨v‡ii mvnPvh©| bv¯—v wQj we‡kl AvKl©Y| bvbv iK‡gi fvwR, jywPmn Pv wQj Uc Pv‡U©| LvIqv-`vIqvI n‡Zv †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv iv‡Z| Avwg GKUvB Lvevi AcQ›` KiZvg, Ñ ïuUwK| m¨vi ej‡jb, ÔAvwg AvR GBLv‡b Lv‡ev ïuUwK w`‡q my¯^v`y ivbœv|Õ Avwg nBPB K‡i DVjvg, Avwg ïuUwK LvB bv| Av‡ew`b m¨vi Avgvi wc‡V †Rv‡i GKUv _vào †g‡i ej‡jb, ciï iv‡Z †h-fvwRUv †L‡qwQ‡j †mUv Kx wQj? ïuUwK? Avwg AevK njvg GB †f‡e †h, bv †R‡b †h-ZiKvwiUv †Ljvg †mUv †h ïuUwK n‡e Zv Rvb‡j nq‡Zv Av‡MB ewg K‡i w`Zvg Ii MÜ ïu‡K, wKš‘ Zv †Zv n‡jv bv| MÜ †Zv cvBwb| Av‡ew`b m¨vi ej‡jb, ÔKBwQjvg bv, Avgvi evmvi ïuUwK ivbœv Zzwg eySeviB cviev bv, bv ej‡j|Õ wVK ZvB, Gici Av‡iv A‡bKw`b †L‡qwQ, Z…wßi m‡½| m¨v‡ii m‡½ m¤úK© fv‡jv nIqvq Avi 1958 mv‡j Av‡gwiKv åg‡Yi GKUv †d‡jvwkc cvIqvq m¨vi‡K 36

ejjvg me Ly‡j| m¨vi Lye Lywk n‡qwQ‡jb Ges ey‡K Rwo‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, Lye Lywk nBwQ| IqvwksUb hvBI| ILv‡b Smithsonian Art Gallery †`B‡Lv| Avwg ILv‡b `yeQi KvR KBiv AvmwQ| wekvj RvqMv Ges wekvj my›`i K¨v¤úvm| Avwg †`‡k wdwi cÖvq bÕgvm ci| wZb gvm †d‡jvwkc| wZb gv‡mi cvi-wW‡q‡gi cqmv euvwP‡q Ges wKQy Qwe wewµ K‡i I‡`‡k wQjvg cÖvq bq gvm| †`‡k wd‡i †`L‡Z P‡j hvB cwðg cvwK¯—vb| ILv‡b me ¸i“Z¡c~Y© RvqMv Ges ¯’vcbv¸‡jv Ny‡i Ny‡i †`Lv n‡jv Ges h_vm¤¢e Qwe Auv Kv n‡jv| Avwg ILv‡b A_©vr ivIqvjwcwÛ‡Z †Mjvg| evmv wbjvg 238 K¨vwbs †iv‡W| ivIqvjwcwÛ B›UviKw›U‡b›Uvj †nv‡U‡ji GK`g cv‡k| Av‡ew`b m¨vi ivIqvjwcwÛ Avm‡Zb miKvwi Kv‡R, †h‡nZz †K›`ªxq miKvi ZLb ivIqvjwcwÛ‡Z, ZvB Zuvi KvR _vKZ GB kn‡i| wZwb B›UviK‡b Xy‡KB Avgv‡K †dvb w`‡Zb, ÔGB Rvnv½xi, Avwg DVwQ B›UviK‡b, Zzwg G¶zwb AvBm¨v Avgv‡i wb‡q hvI| A_©vr Avgvi evmvq _vK‡eb, B›UviK‡b bq| ej‡Zb, ÔeySjv bv, †Zvgvi evmvq wMqv jyw½ cBiv †MwÄ Mvq w`qv †Zvgvi j‡b eBmv GKUz Avivg KBiv Pv Lvgy, Kwd Lvgy, GBWv wK Avi B›UviK‡b eBmv nq| eywKsUv Zuvi †nv‡U‡jB _vK‡Zv wKš‘ wZwb _vK‡Zb Avgv‡`i evmvq| Avwbm‡K m¨vi Lye cQ›` Ki‡Zb| gv‡S gv‡S g‡b n‡j ej‡Zb, ÔRvnv½xi †Zvgiv weqvWv KBivB dvjvI bv|Õ ejZvg, Ki‡ev m¨vi| Ges †m-eQiB A_©vr 1963 mv‡ji 29 b‡f¤^i weevne܇b Ave× nB| Av‡ew`b m¨vi gnvLywk| wmMv‡iU LvIqvi gvÎv GKUz †e‡o †Mj| m¨vi‡K wb‡q Zuvi Kv‡Ri R‡b¨ Avgvi Mvwo‡Z K‡i miKv‡ii G-Awd‡m †m-Awd‡m wb‡q †eovZvg| m¨vi‡K wb‡q †hZvg gvix cvnvo, †Nvov Mvwj, bvw_qv Mvwj Gme RvqMvq Qwe AuvKvi R‡b¨| wZwb Qwe AuvK‡Zb, Avwg †RvMvo-hš—i K‡i w`Zvg Ges my‡hvM †c‡j wb‡RI `y-GKUv AuvKZvg, we‡kl K‡i gvix cvnvo, gvix evRvi, wRc&wm †g‡q| GmeB wQj m¨v‡ii Qwei welqe¯‘| GKevi m¨vi‡K wb‡q †Mjvg †mvqvZ f¨vwj, cvwK¯—v‡bi f~¯^‡M©| GLb ï‡bwQ, RvqMvUv Pigcš’x‡`i `L‡j wQj| I‡`i nUv‡Z cvwK¯—vwb †mbviv cy‡iv RvqMvUv cÖvq aŸsm K‡i w`‡q‡Q| gvjvjv BDmydRvB‡qi evm¯’vb wQj IUv| ILv‡bB gvjvjv‡K †g‡i †djvi †Póv K‡iwQj; Rw½‡Mvôx; cv‡iwb| †mvqv‡Zi GK As‡k wg‡½viv| †hLv‡b n¯—wkí Lye cÖwm×| we‡kl K‡i Kvc‡oi Ici w÷PIqvK©| m¨vi wb‡Ri Ges fvwei R‡b¨ K‡qKUv msMÖn K‡iwQ‡jb| bvbv RvqMvq Avwg Mvwo Pvwj‡q wb‡q †hZvg m¨vi‡K| m¨vi Qwe AuvK‡Zb Avi Avgvi ¯¿x‡K Dcnvi w`‡Zb| Ggwb K‡i cÖvq `kUv IqvUvi Kvjvi m¨vi Gu‡KwQ‡jb| e‡jwQ‡jb, Avwbm (Avgvi ¯¿x) GB `kUv Qwe me †Zvgv‡K w`jvg| Aek¨ wKQy w `‡bi g‡a¨B `y - GKUv K‡i †P‡q

evOvwj bvix iwOb Kvwj, 1953

wb‡Zb ILvbKvi D”Pc`¯’ miKvwi Kg©Pvix A_ev †mbvcwZ‡`i Dcnvi †`Iqvi R‡b¨| Ggwb K‡i Avwbm †ePvivi Kv‡Q GKUv QweI Avi Aewkó wQj bv| Gici m¨viI Avi Qwe Auv‡Kbwb Ñ DcnviI †cj k~b¨ wnmve| Wv. `vbx, whwb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Rv`yNi cÖwZôvq Ges cÖPv‡i we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Gi wKD‡iUi wQ‡jb eûw`b| evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci wZwb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi †c‡kvqvi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cÖZœZË¡ wefv‡Mi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q PvKwi ïi“ K‡ib| wZwbB Avwe®‹vi K‡ib, DËi-cwðg mxgvš— cÖ‡`‡ki gv`©vb kn‡ii Kv‡Q GKwU AvwK©IjwR mvBU Ges gv`©vb bvgUv G‡m‡Q Agi`vb †_‡K; Zv-I †ei K‡i †d‡jwQ‡jb| ey‡×i A_ev †Kv‡bv Ávbx¸Yx e¨w³i RxevZ¥v `vb Kiv n‡qwQj IB ¯’v‡b| ZvB Zvi bvg nq Agi`vb| cieZx©Kv‡j weeZ©‡b nq gv`©vb| W. `vbx †c‡kvqvi wek¦we`¨vj‡q Pvi“Kjv wefvM cÖwZôvi eªZ wb‡q wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`b‡K e‡jb wefv‡Mi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z| m¨vi A‡bK †f‡ewP‡š— civgk© K‡i wm×vš— wb‡jb PvKwiUv MÖnY Kivi| Avwg ivIqvjwcwÛ‡Z _vwK; Avgvi m‡½I civgk© Ki‡jb| Avwg ejjvg, fv‡jvB †Zv m¨vi, G-†`‡k GKRb evsjv‡`wk G‡m Zv‡`i wek¦we`¨vj‡q Abyl` D‡Øvab Ki‡eb, GUv †Zv M‡e©i K_v| ZvQvov Aí mg‡q Avwbm Avi Avwg, Avgiv Mvwo Pvwj‡q P‡j Avme Avcbvi ILv‡b| ZvB n‡jv| Avgiv gv‡Sg‡a¨B †hZvg| m¨vi‡KI wb‡q AvmZvg evmvq| iwdK e‡j Lyjbvi GK Zi“Y wkíx‡K m¨vi wb‡qwQ‡jb mn‡hvMx wkíx wn‡m‡e| g‡b Av‡Q, m¨vi P‡j hvIqvi ci W. `vbx Avevi Avgv‡K GKUv cÖ`k©bx D‡Øvab Kivi R‡b¨ †W‡KwQ‡jb AvU© d¨vKvwë‡Z| Avgvi ¯¿x Avwbm‡K m¨vi cQ›` Ki‡Zb ïay Zvi my¯^v`y Lvevi ivbœv Kivi Kvi‡Y bq, Avwbm †h‡nZz cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi me‡P‡q bvgKiv miKvwi n¯—wkí wWm‡c­ I †mj †m›Uv‡ii cwiPvjK wQ‡jb Ges e¨w³MZfv‡e Rvb‡Zb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi †Kvb As‡k Kx Kx ai‡bi n¯—wkí ˆZwi nq, Kviv K‡ib, KZRb K‡ib Ges †Kv_vq Zv‡`i Ae¯’vb †mRb¨| m¨v‡ii Kv‡Q Avwb‡mi n¯—wk‡íi Ici AwfÁZv msMÖn Ges †`vKv‡b †m¸‡jv wWm‡c­ Kiv, Gm‡ei Ici AwfÁ e¨vL¨v cÖ`v‡bi Kvi‡YB wQj Zvi Ici AMva Av¯’v I †øn| miKvwi Ges †emiKvwifv‡e bvbv Abyôvb Av‡qvR‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡q cvwjZ n‡”Q wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx| GUv AZ¨š— Avb‡›`i welq| wb‡Ri wkíKg© Ges wkíx ˆZwii cÖwZôvb wbg©v‡Yi g‡a¨ w`‡q †h-Ae`vb wZwb †i‡L †M‡Qb Zv Aek¨B wPi¯§iYxq n‡q _vK‡e, GUvB ¯^vfvweK| G m¤ú‡K© Zuvi wb‡Ri Dw³I cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ Ñ Ôwb‡Ri wkíKg© m„wó‡Z †h-Avb›` cvB, Zvi †P‡q †ewk Avb›` cvB hLb †`wL †`‡k wbqwgZ wkíPP©v n‡”Q| wkíPP©v gvby‡li Rxe‡b ˆ`bw›`b Af¨v‡m cwiYZ nIqv evÃbxq|Õ wkí¸i“, wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx‡Z RvbvB Avgvi AKzÉ kÖ×v|  37

Avgvi †`Lv Rqbyj iwdKzb bex

K…lK I Zvi Mi“ Rjis, cÂv‡ki `kK

38

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wk¶vi cÖwZôvb myig¨ i“wPkxj `vjv‡b ¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi mnKgx© Ab¨vb¨ L¨vwZgvb wkíx‡K m‡½ wb‡q| GKBfv‡e cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb wkíxcj­x, †jvKwkí msMÖnkvjvmn †jvKwkí i¶vi cÖwZôvb| wkíKjv‡K Ges wkíx‡`i‡K mgv‡R D”P¯’v‡b AwawôZ _vKvi wk¶vI w`‡q‡Qb| wkíx wn‡m‡e RxeÏkvq me©¯—‡i AmvaviY RbwcÖqZv cÖvwß we‡k¦ Avi †KD Av‡Qb wK bv Ñ ïwbwb| GgbwK eª“‡Lj, MBqv, †nvMv_© cÖgyL wewfbœ mg‡qi weL¨vZ wkíx huviv mvgvwRK Ae¶q, AbvPvi, AZ¨vPvi-wbcxob Ges Amy¯’-`y¯’ gvbyl‡`i wb‡q, welq K‡i cÖwZev`x Qwe Gu‡K RbwcÖq n‡qwQ‡jb Zuv‡`iI Kg©Kv‡Ê Aš—Z RbMY‡K i“wPevb K‡i †Zvjv| wkíKjvi wk¶v cÖwZôvb ev †jvKwkí i¶vi K_v †f‡e cÖwZôvb ˆZwii `vwqZ¡ Zuv‡`i wb‡Z nqwb| Rqbyj †mB †¶‡Î e¨Z¨q| wfbœ gvbwmKZv Ges fvebv aviY Kiv wkíx wZwb| Gfv‡e g~j¨vqb Ki‡jI wZwb Abb¨| †mBm‡½ AmvaviY `¶ Ges wkwíZ gb‡bi GKRb P~ovš— L¨vwZi AwaKvix wkíx †Zv wQ‡jbB| Avgv‡`i g‡Zv wcwQ‡q _vKv †`‡ki R‡b¨ Zuv‡K Gme fve‡Z n‡qwQj| Zuvi L¨vwZ AR©‡bi †¶‡Î gš^š—‡ii 1943 mvjwU AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡evnx †h, Zv GLb me©Rbwew`Z| ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, wPÎKi wn‡m‡e Zuvi cÖwZôvi cwiwPwZi cÖ_g †mvcvb GB eQiwU‡Z m„ó wPÎgvjv| A_©vr `ywf©¶‡K welq K‡i AuvKv WªBs| hw`I B‡Zvg‡a¨ KjKvZv miKvwi AvU© K‡j‡Ri †kÖô QvÎ, wk¶vbwek _vKvKvjxbB wk¶K c‡` †hvM`v‡bi weij my‡hvMcÖvwß Ges me©fviZxq ch©v‡q c`K jvfmn bvbvwea AR©‡b F× n‡q wkíKjvi RM‡Z AZ¨š— cwiwPZ bvg wQ‡jb wZwb| Gme‡K cv‡_q K‡i ZLb D¾xweZ Zi“Y wkíx wZwb| †m-mg‡q Qwe AuvKvi wewfbœ gva¨‡g A‡Xj KvR Ki‡Qb| Kv‡Ri aib ˆZwi wKsev †Kv‡bv ÔBRgÕ‡K aviY Kivq ZL‡bv g‡bv‡hvMx †Zgb bb| hw`I Zuvi K_vq B‡¤cÖkwbR‡g fv‡jvjvMv wQj wKQyUv| wKš‘ wb‡R Pvi“Kjvq wk¶v mgvwßi ciI A¨vKv‡WwgK aib-aviY‡K ZL‡bv Z¨vM K‡ibwb| Z‡e c~e©m~wi weL¨vZ fviZxq wkíx‡`i aib-avi‡Yi cÖwZ Avmw³Uv Abyfe Ki‡Zb| we‡kl K‡i WªBs Ges Rji‡Oi †¶‡Î| †mfv‡e wKQy wfbœ ai‡bi AuvKvi w`‡KI Szu‡KwQ‡jb| b›`jvj, hvwgbx ivq, we‡bv`wenvix, ivgwK¼i, Aebx›`ªbv_ cÖgy‡Li Kv‡Ri cÖwZ AMva kÖ×v †cvlY Ki‡Zb| Zuv‡`i is I †iLvi e¨env‡ii cÖwZ Uvb Abyfe Ki‡Zb| wKš‘ cy‡ivcywi AbymvixI nIqvi †h-†Póv KiwQ‡jb, ZvI bq| GB iK‡gi µvwš—Kv‡j cy‡iv †`k nVvr fqven `ywf©¶Avµvš— n‡jv| gg©vwš—K †m-mgqwU‡Z MÖvg-MÖvgvš—i †_‡K Lvev‡ii A‡š^l‡Y k‡q k‡q gvbyl knigyLx nq| Av‡m KjKvZvq| dzUcvZevmx Zv‡`i nvnvKvi Avi AvnvRvwi myeyw×m¤úbœ gvbyl‡`i e¨w_Z K‡i| we‡kl K‡i m„wókxj

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w÷j jvBd †Zjis, 1950

40

Rji‡O KvR Ki‡Z cQ›` Ki‡Zb| GB KvM‡R AuvK‡Z ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva Kiv weL¨vZ j¨vÛ‡¯‹c-wkíx‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb GKRb Bs‡iR wkíx| bvg d«¨v¼ †kiDBb| KvMRRy‡o wZwb fivU K‡¤úvwRk‡b KvR Ki‡Zb| KvM‡Ri gRv`vi wU›UwU‡K Lye †ewk Qvo‡Zb bv †iv` wn‡m‡e| nq‡Zv †m-†`‡ki AvenvIqvMZ Kvi‡Y †iv‡`i e¨vcviwU †Zgb cÖLi n‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j Zuvi Qwe‡Z †m-cwi‡ekwUB wZwb eRvq ivL‡Zb| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖLi m~h©v‡jvK‡K Rqbyj e¨envi Ki‡Z wM‡q †mB KvM‡Ri nvjKv eªvDb wU›U‡K Ggb `¶Zvq †Kv‡bv is bv jvwM‡q †Q‡o †h‡Zb †h, Zv‡Z wfbœ gvÎv m„wó n‡Zv| †iv‡`i is-m¤úwK©Z wPivPwiZ aviYvwU G‡Kev‡i e`‡j †`Iqvi w`KUv A_©vr njy`‡K e`‡j eªvD‡b Avbvi e¨vcviwU Ggb eyw×`xß Avi gRv`vi K‡i cÖ‡qvM Kivi †h Zdvr, †mUv †evSviI Dcvq _vKZ bv| hv-B †nvK, wkívPvh© Rqbyj‡K Avwg cÖ_g AZ¨š— Kv‡Q †_‡K Qwe AuvK‡Z †`‡LwQjvg 1959 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i gv‡m| ZLb gvÎ Kgvm nq, AvU© K‡j‡Ri QvÎ Avwg| evwl©K eb‡fvR‡b wM‡qwQjvg wgicy‡ii wej GjvKvi GKwU DuPz cvnvwo gZb †U‡K| m¤¢eZ gvRv‡ii †cQ‡bi †Kv‡bv RvqMv n‡e| ZLb Iw`KUvq R½j wQj| gvRv‡iI ZLb GLbKvi g‡Zv eo `vjvb‡KvVv wQj bv| ï‡bwQjvg, gvRv‡ii Lv‡`g‡`i †cvlv Kzwgi wQj| WvOvq Kzwg‡ii MZ©I †`‡LwQjvg| AZ¨š— wbwiwewj ¯’vb| †mLv‡b mncvVxiv Ny‡i †eovw”Qjvg Kzwgi †`Lvi Avkvq| nVvr †KD G‡m ejj, ÔAv‡ew`b m¨vi Qwe AuvK‡Z e‡m‡Qb| mevB‡K Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Z e‡j‡Qb m¨v‡iiv| AuvKv †k‡l mB Ki‡Z n‡e mevB‡K|Õ e¨vcviwU bZzb e‡U| A‡b¨i Qwe‡Z mB? Kx K‡i m¤¢e?

ZvI Avevi Av‡ew`b m¨v‡ii Qwe‡Z! dv÷© Bqv‡ii QvÎ-†nZz wb‡Ri AuvKv Qwe‡ZI mB Kwi bv| Zey QyUjvg| †ek cvnvo gZb DuPz wUjv| Zvi Ic‡iB eb‡fvR‡bi g~j Avmi| GKw`‡K GKwU giv KuvVvjMvQ| Zvi Mv‡q m¨vi‡`i Kv‡iv K‡iv kvU©, †KvU, Pv`i, e¨vM BZ¨vw` †Svjv‡bv| wb‡P wewiqvwbi Rb¨ ivLv weivU K‡qKwU †WKwP| †WKwPi KvQvKvwQ †ek mvnmx Ges PZzi †Pnvivi K‡qKwU cvwZKvK| Zv‡`i †KD wKQy ej‡Q bv e‡j †ek wbwe©Nœ †f‡e cig AvkKvivq nuvUvnuvwU Ki‡Q, Do‡Q, Pj‡Q-wdi‡Q| GKUz †Lqvj Ki‡ZB eySjvg, GB cy‡iv `„k¨wUB m¨v‡ii Qwei welq| m¨vi †ekLv‡bK `~‡i GKwU †dvwìs Uz‡j e‡m †ev‡W© dzjwkU KvMR †mu‡U mivmwi Lv‡Mi Kjg PvqwbR Bs‡K Wywe‡q Wywe‡q `„k¨wU AuvK‡Qb| c‡i †R‡bwQjvg KvMRwU wQj †K›U| †cQ‡b `uvwo‡q wk¶Ke„›`, K‡qKRb †jLK, Kwe, msMxZwkíx Ges Ic‡ii K¬v‡mi †ek wKQy QvÎQvÎx| hZ`~i g‡b co‡Q Ñ gybxi †PŠayix, msMxZwkíx ggZvRDÏxb Ges Ave`yj Avjxg I Aa¨vcK Avãyi iv¾vKI wQ‡jb †mB wf‡o|

†`L‡Z †`L‡Z Kwgwb‡UB Qwe †kl| KuvPv †Pv‡L Qwei wePv‡ii ¶gZv †Zv wQjB bv, ïay †`Ljvg mevB _ e‡b †M‡Qb| Kv‡iv gy‡L K_v †bB| QwewUi w`‡K ZvwK‡q A™¢yZ GK AvKl©Y‡eva n‡jv| Zv †h Kx wQj, †m-gyn~‡Z© we‡k­l‡Yi fvlv Rvbv wQj bv| m¨vi QwewU GKRb‡K Mv‡Qi KvQvKvwQ GKwU †Sv‡c `uvo Kwi‡q ivL‡Z ej‡jb| c‡i †ek wKQy¶Y ZvwK‡q †_‡K ej‡jb, Ô`~i fvjv nBj bv| mgq cvB‡j Avi GKUv AuvKzg| GLb mevB mB K‡ib|Õ †cQb †_‡K m¤¢eZ wkíx kwdKzj Avgxb m¨vi ïay e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAv‡iKwU `ywf©‡¶i Qwe nB‡jv| eûw`b ci GKB ai‡bi GKUv Qwe AuvK‡jb|Õ †mB Qwe‡Z GK †Kvbvq AvgviI mB Av‡Q| †ek wKQyKvj †m-QwewU AvU© K‡j‡R Zuvi K‡¶ wQj Av‡Mi eQi gyÝxM‡Ä eb‡fvR‡b wM‡q P‡i e‡m AuvKv †bŠKvi Qwei cv‡k (GB QwewU GL‡bv i‡q‡Q Pvi“Kjv Bbw÷wUD‡Ui msMÖ‡n| wKš‘ †m-QwewU †h †Kv_vq DavI n‡jv Ñ Avi †`wLwb|) Z‡e c‡i hLb Zuvi `ywf©‡¶i Qwe¸wj m¤^‡Ü †gvUvgywU aviYv Rb¥vj, ZLb ey‡SwQjvg Ñ Kx AmvaviY cUzZvq GKwU Awelq‡K welq K‡i KvRwU wZwb gvÎ IB Kwgwb‡U K‡iwQ‡jb Qwei gRv`vi wbh©vm‡K Zvwi‡q Zvwi‡q e¨envi K‡i| eo K¨vbfv‡m †Zji‡O wfbœ auv‡Pi Qwe AuvK‡Z †`‡LwQ AvU© K‡j‡R gv÷vi nIqvi eQiwZ‡bK ci| mgqUv Õ67-68-i w`‡K| Avgvi mncvVx (eZ©gv‡b L¨vwZgvb bvU¨wkíx) †KivgZ gIjv GK we‡K‡j Lei w`‡jb, Av‡ew`b m¨vi †W‡K cvwV‡q‡Qb Ri“wifv‡e| †mw`bB mܨvq †h‡Z n‡e B‡Wb wewìs‡q| nVvr B‡Wb wewìs‡q †Kb †h‡Z ejv, eyS‡Z cvwiwb| gIjv wb‡RI Rvb‡Zb bv| B‡Wb wewìs gv‡b GLbKvi †m‡µUvwi‡qU| B‡Wb wewìs‡q Gi Av‡M KL‡bv †Kv‡bv KvR c‡owb, AZGe hvIqvI nqwb| ILv‡b cÖv‡`wkK cÖkvm‡bi n‡iK `߇ii m‡½ wKQy wKQy †K›`ªxq miKvwi `ßiI wQj| GZ myD”P `vjv‡bi †m‡µUvwi‡qU ZLb wQj bv| †ek wKQy j¤^v j¤^v wUb‡kW wQj| †mm‡ei GKwU‡Z wQj †cÖm Bbdi‡gkb `ßi| †mLv‡b Avgv‡`i †h‡Z n‡e| Av‡ew`b m¨vi †mLv‡b _vK‡eb| mܨvq wM‡q nvwRi njvg| Av‡ew`b m¨v‡ii Ri“wi WvK, AZGe wVK mgqg‡Zv †cuŠQvjvg| K‡qKwU Kg Av‡jvi evwZ R¡jwQj N‡i| †mB Av‡jv‡Z N‡ii GK †Kv‡Y Av‡ew`b m¨vi e‡m Pv Lv‡”Qb| Zuv‡K wN‡i e‡m Av‡Qb wkíx Kvgi“j nvmvb, wkíx gy¯—vdv g‡bvqvi, L¨vwZgvb Awf‡bZv Aveyj L‡qi, (gnxeyeyi ingvb) K¨v‡givg¨vb gwebmn Av‡iv A‡b‡K| Nigq Qwe AuvKvi KvMR Qov‡bv-wQUv‡bv| GKwU †`qv‡ji cv‡k K‡qKwU B‡Rj, A`~‡i ÷¨v‡Û 16 wgwjwgUv‡ii Pjw”PÎ-K¨v‡giv Ges K‡qKwU Pjw”P‡Îi Rb¨ e¨env‡ivc‡hvMx ÔWwj d¬vWÕ jvBU| Avgv‡`i †`‡L m¨vi Lywk n‡jb| cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb AcwiwPZ‡`i m‡½| †mLv‡b wQ‡jb SuvKov Pzjavix †ek 43

j¤^v-PIov dimv gZb GKRb| f`ª‡jvK‡K †`wL‡q Av‡ew`b m¨vi †ek ¯^vfvweKfv‡e ej‡jb, ÔGB †h Bwb, Bbv‡i wbqv GKUv wm‡bgv n‡e| Bbvi bvg KvRx bRi“j Bmjvg|Õ G-K_v ï‡b f`ª‡jvKmn mevB †nv-†nv K‡i †n‡m DV‡jb| mevi nvwm ï‡b eySjvg m¨vi iwmKZv Ki‡Qb| wKš‘ meUvB †nuqvwj g‡b n‡jv| c‡i L‡qi mv‡ne‡K eywS‡q w`‡jb †h, we‡`ªvnx Kwe bRi“j‡K wb‡q GKwU Qwe n‡e| IB f`ª‡jvK bRi“‡ji f~wgKvq Awfbq Ki‡eb| QwewU bRi“‡ji Ici n‡jI Bs‡iRwe‡ivax bvbvb MYAv‡›`vj‡bi w`K¸‡jv ivLv n‡e Zuvi mviv Rxe‡bi Kg©Kv‡Êi ci¤úiv‡K ai‡Z| m¨vi eywS‡q w`‡jb Ñ GB c‡e©i Rb¨ Zuvi m‡½ m‡½ Avgv‡`iI wKQy Wªwqs Ki‡Z n‡e Pjw”PÎwU‡Z e¨env‡ii Rb¨| ï‡b D¾xweZ †eva Kijvg| Ae‡k‡l ïi“ nq KvR| w`b c‡b‡iv a‡i P‡j †mB `yiƒn Kv‡Ri cvjv| GKw`‡K wig‡K wig KvwU©R KvM‡R Wªwqs, †mBm‡½ m¨v‡ii eo eo K¨vbfv‡m Qwe AuvKvi ayg| wZwb eo Qwe ïi“ K‡ib cjvkxi hy× w`‡q| wKš‘ ïi“i Av‡M Wªwqs‡qi ci WªBs K‡ib wewfbœfv‡e| PgrKvi me Wªwqs| †g‡gvwi Wªwqs †h GZ gRv`vi Ges mwVK n‡Z cv‡i, Zv †`LvB Avgvi g~j KvR n‡q `uvovq| Kvgv‡bi Wªwqs, Bs‡iR I †`wk ˆmwbK‡`i †Pnviv Ges Pwiθwji fvefw½i Wªwqs, AvgevMv‡bi Lmov-Wªwqsmn AmsL¨ Wªwqs wZwb cjvkxi hy‡×i †cBw›UswU ïi“i mnvqK wn‡m‡e Gu‡K †dj‡jb GB Kw`‡b| †mwU †kl K‡i AuvK‡jb wZZzgx‡ii euv‡ki †Kj­v| Z‡e ïi“i Av‡M iwmKZv

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

44

ai‡bi AvaywbK iƒc G‡bwQ‡jb| GB AvaywbKxKiY cÖwµqvq AuvKv we‡kl gva¨g wQj g~jZ †Mvqvk, †Zjis, †U‡¤úiv| welq evQvB‡q c~e© evsjvi ˆewkó¨ iw¶Z nq Ggbme cwiwPZ w`K‡K MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Gm‡ei g‡a¨ ¸YUvbv, cÖmvab, `yB gwnjv, cvBb¨vi gv, PviwU gyL BZ¨vw` Qwe Zuvi wb‡Ri wcÖq wQj| Avgvi wek¦vm †h, Zuvi G-c‡e©i KvR AmvaviY immÂvix Ges ˆbcy‡Y¨i| †gvUv `v‡Mi mvnmx †iLv e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Aejxjvq wbcyYfv‡e| cvkvcvwk cÖvq GKB mgq Kvwj-Zzwj Avi Lv‡Mi Kj‡g Gu‡K‡Qb wfbœagx© PwiÎ| ejv evûj¨, G-Avw½KwU Zuvi AZ¨š— wcÖq| GKBme is Ges Kvwj e¨envi Ki‡jI aibwU wfbœ| Ggb Qwei g‡a¨ muvIZvj `¤úwZ, muvIZvj igYxØq, muvIZvj cwievi, we‡`ªvnx, gB †`Iqv Ges msMÖvg ev Kv`vq cov KvV‡evSvB Mi“i Mvwo †Vjv D‡j­L‡hvM¨| †k‡lv³ QwewU GZB RbwcÖq †h, n‡iK gva¨‡g GwU‡K Kvi“wkíxiv AbyKiY K‡i _v‡Kb| Zuvi †ekwKQy †¯‹Pagx© QweI i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv ågYRwbZ Kvi‡Y Kiv ÷vwW †Mv‡Qi| cÂv‡ki `k‡K wZwb cÖPzi we‡`k ågY K‡iwQ‡jb| †m-mg‡q hLb †hLv‡b ev †h-†`‡k wM‡qwQ‡jb †mLvbKvi †¯‹P K‡iwQ‡jb| Z‡e GKUv w`K wb‡q wZwb wb‡RI Av‡¶c K‡i ej‡Zb †h, Ô†`k-we‡`k †Nviv Avi n‡iKiKg Ab¨vb¨ KvR Ki‡Z wMqv mgq bó nB‡Q A‡bK| cy‡iv`‡g Qwe wbqv _vKv nB‡jv bv|Õ Gme K_vi m‡½ Ab¨ w`KUvI ej‡Zb| †hgb, ÔKvD‡i bv KvD‡i †Zv †`‡ki bvbvwKQy cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K †`L‡Z nB‡evB| †Zv †mB¸jvi wKQy Avgvi Nv‡o co‡Q| `iKvi wQj| Kijvg| mgq AvmyK ZLb ïayB Qwe AuvKzg|Õ GKbvMv‡o Qwe AuvKvi AvKzwZUv wZwb wPiKvjB †cvlY Ki‡Zb| wKš‘ mgqvfv‡e Zv K‡i DV‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| G-e¨vcv‡i †kl Rxe‡bI Av‡¶cUv i‡qB wM‡qwQj| g‡b Av‡Q, bZzb evwo‡Z ÷zwWI evwb‡qwQ‡jb eomo K‡i| D”Q¡wmZ n‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔGBevi ïay Qwe AuvKzg|Õ ïi“I K‡iwQ‡jb wekvj GKwU Qwe w`‡q| bvgKiY K‡iwQ‡jb ÔøvbiZvÕ| welqwU MÖvgxY †g‡q‡`i wb‡q| GB mgq weg~Z© ai‡b †SuvKvi cÖwZ AvMÖn †_‡K GKwU Qwe ïi“ K‡ib| cÖK…wZ‡K welq K‡i Qwe n‡jI weg~Z© X‡O mvRv‡bv| dg©‡K ¸”Qe× K‡i cÖKv‡ki cÖqvm, hv cwiwPZ cÖK…wZ‡K †f‡O weg~‡Z© iƒcvš—wiZ| wZwb QwewU‡K AmgvßB ej‡Zb| cy‡ivcywi †kl Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb mgqvfv‡e| g‡b c‡o, Gi c‡iB wZwb nVvr K‡i KY©dzjx †ccvi wgj †_‡K Zv‡`i bZzb †cÖvWv± KvwU©R KvM‡Ri GKwU eo †ivj †c‡q cy‡iv KvMRRy‡o Kv‡jv i‡Oi Iqv‡k WªBscÖavb Qwe Gu‡K †d‡jb ÔbevbœÕ Drme‡K welq K‡i| AmvaviY `¶Zvq Kiv KvRwU †`‡L wew¯§Z n‡qwQjvg| †`‡ki ms¯‹…wZ, cwi‡ek Ges gvby‡li RxebwfwËK welqvw`i mv_©K Dc¯’vcb we¯§qKi e‡j g‡b n‡qwQj| e‡jwQ‡jb, Ñ ÔPxb-Rvcv‡bi ¯ŒjwP‡Îi g‡Zv wKQy Kivi B”Qv

nB‡Zv| eo KvM‡Ri Afv‡e cvwi bvB| KY©dzjxi KvMRUv cvBqv KvRUv †Póv Kijvg|Õ ejv evûj¨, Rvcv‡bi wkíx nKzmvB, †gvbvKvZv cÖgy‡Li Qwe †`‡L wZwb Awff~Z n‡qwQ‡jb| cÖvqkB Zuv‡`i WªBs‡qi AmvaviYZ¡ wb‡q cÖksmv Ki‡Zb| GB ¯Œ‡ji mdjZvq KY©dzjx †_‡K Av‡iv †ivj G‡b wZwb cieZx©Kv‡j ÔgbcyivÕ ¯ŒjwU Auv‡Kb| mˇii mvB‡K¬vb Avi R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi ci Dc`ª“Z GjvKvq ÎvYKgx©‡`i m‡½ mkix‡i Dcw¯’Z n‡qwQ‡jb gvby‡li `ytL-`y`©kv, ¶q¶wZ, AmsL¨ gvby‡li jv‡ki cvkvcvwk g„Z cïcvwL Avi aŸsmjxjv †`‡L gg©vnZ n‡q wVK K‡ib, †mme‡K wb‡q Qwe AuvK‡eb| we¯„—Z GjvKv †Rvov DcK‚‡ji gvby‡li `yM©wZ‡K †QvU cwim‡i AuvK‡j m¤ú~Y©Zv cv‡e bv †f‡e wZwb Avevi ¯Œj AuvKvi wPš—v K‡ib Ges Zv GK mgq AwZ `ª“ZZvq Gu‡KI †d‡jb| GB Qwe AuvK‡Z †`‡L Avgvi g‡b n‡qwQj, Zuvi gbUv Avevi †ZZvwj­‡ki gš^š—‡ii mgqwU‡Z P‡j hvIqv †hb| †m-mg‡qi gvbweK wPš—v Avi Abyf~wZ¸‡jv †hb wd‡i G‡m‡Q| Zuvi AuvKvi mvejxjZv †`‡L g‡b n‡q‡Q, ZLbKvi DÏxcbvB †hb cybivq aviY Ki‡Qb| Awff~Z n‡q †`‡LwQjvg Zuvi AuvKv| Avgvi Me© †h, Zuvi GB ¯Œj AuvKvi mgq cÖwZw`b Dcw¯’Z †_‡K UzKUvK mnvqZv w`‡Z †c‡iwQjvg| LyeB wbf„‡Z evwoi j¤^v-`xN© eviv›`vq e‡m Dcyo n‡q wZwb QwewU Gu‡KwQ‡jb K‡qKw`b a‡i| Ges GB cy‡iv mgqUvq Zuvi AuvKvi cÖwZwU avc, cÖwZwU ch©vq Ges LyuwUbvwU Kx `vi“Y mvejxjZvq Avi Aejxjvq GKUvi ci GKUv welq‡K Ifvij¨vc K‡i AuvKwQ‡jb; †mB Afvebxq e¨vcv‡ii mv¶x n‡Z cvivi AwfÁZv Av‡Rv ¯§iYxq n‡q Av‡Q| GB Af~Zc~e© NUbvwU‡Z †h ïay AvwgB Dcw¯’Z _vKZvg cÖwZw`b ïi“ †_‡K †kl ch©š—, Zv-B bq, Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Zb wkíx Ave`yi iv¾vK, Aa¨vcK bRi“j Bmjvg Ges Avgvi mncvVx †KivgZ gIjv| AuvKvi cÖwµqvwU wQj GB iK‡gi Ñ cÖwZw`b cy‡iv eviv›`vq †ivj Mwo‡q hZLvwb msKzjvb nq ZZUv KvMR wewQ‡q wb‡q cÖ_‡g cy‡iv KvMR †gvg w`‡q Wªwqs K‡i †M‡Qb LvcQvovfv‡e| `yB iKgfv‡e †gvg e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Wªwqs‡q w÷K Ges Mjv‡bv †gvg| †gvg Mjv‡bvi Rb¨ me mgq GKwU †QvU Pzwj­i e¨e¯’v wQj| gRvUv wQj GB †h, †mB †gv‡gi `ª“Z †iLv †h †Kv_vq wM‡q `uvov‡”Q, Zv †evSvi †Kv‡bv Dcvq wQj bv| ïay wZwbB Rvb‡Zb, †Kv_vq †Kgb G‡d± m„wó n‡”Q Avi †iLvi e¨vcv‡i †Kv_vq Kx NU‡Q| †gvg ce© †k‡l cy‡iv KvM‡R Rjis Iqvk w`‡ZB †gv‡gi mv`v †iLv Avi †Uv‡bi D™¢vmb NU‡j wZwb D”Q¡wmZ n‡q mevB‡K e‡jb, ÔG‡d±Uv fv‡jvB Avm‡Q| †`wL evwKUv Kx nq|Õ ZL‡bv Qwei gvÎ `yB avc cvi n‡q‡Q| evwKUv Kx n‡e ev m¨vi †Kgb K‡i †kl Ki‡eb, Zv Rvbvi Dcvq wQj bv| 41

Ae‡k‡l †mB A‡c¶vI †kl nq| Z…Zxq Ges PZz_© w`‡b wZwb Zuvi ¯^fvemyjf `¶Zv Avi ˆkjx‡Z Kv‡jv †iLvi Wªwqs w`‡q AmvaviY QwewU †kl K‡ib| GB HwZnvwmK QwewUi KiY‡KŠkj Av‡`¨vcvš— Pv¶zl Kivi e¨vcviwU wb‡q fve‡Z em‡j GL‡bv Avwg Awff~Z †eva Kwi| Z‡e mivmwi Zuv‡K Qwe AuvK‡Z †`Lvi e¨vcviwU †mB cÖ_g, Zv bq| †h‡nZz wk¶K wQ‡jb AZGe gv‡Sg‡a¨ K¬v‡m G‡jB †m-my‡hvMwU NUZ| Aa¨¶ wQ‡jb e‡j K¬vm †bIqvi mgq †c‡Zb bv| wKš‘ gv‡S gv‡S P‡j Avm‡Zb| KL‡bv KL‡bv Wªwqs K‡i †`Lv‡Zb Avevi KL‡bv ev Qwe wb‡q Mí Ki‡Zb| ev ejv hvq, M‡íi fvewU †i‡L cov‡Zb| cov‡bvUv cy¯—wK X‡Oi n‡Zv bv| ¯^fveÁvbx fv‡ei K_v w`‡q †evSv‡Zb| wjIbv‡`©v `¨ wfw Ges gvB‡Kj A¨v‡Ä‡jv †Zv Zuvi wcÖq wQjB, mePvB‡Z cQ‡›`i wQj ewZ‡Pwj­, †igeªv›U, fviwg‡qi, f¨vb MN Ges cj †mRvb| Zuv‡`i KvR m¤ú‡K© cÖvq e¨vL¨vmnKv‡i A‡bK K_vB ej‡Zb| K¬v‡m †Kv‡bv Wªwqs hLb †`Lv‡Zb, ZLb A¨vKv‡WwgKZv‡KB cÖkÖq w`‡Zb| wKš‘ wb‡Ri K¨vbfv‡mi mvg‡b wQ‡jb Ab¨ av‡Zi wkíx| ZLb Avi BD‡ivcxq A¨vKv‡WwgKZvi c‡¶i †hb †KD bb, GKRb e`‡j

wnwj b`x‡Z †bŠKv †Zjis, 1950

42

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46

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wPÎwk‡í Zuvi evOvwjqvbv iweDj nymvBb

evsjv‡`‡ki wPÎwk‡í Rqbyj Av‡ew`b ¯^ie‡Y©i e¨Äbvq wPwýZ| GKwU fvlv-wbg©v‡Y †hgb ¯^ie‡Y©i cÖv_wgK e¨envi I Aek¨¤¢vweZv Dchy³, AwZkq MVbg~jK, †Zgwb Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| m`¨ wef³ gymwjg Rb‡Mvôx agx©q Kzms¯‹v‡i AvKÉ wbgw¾Z, hLb Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k Zvi, we‡kl K‡i wPÎwk‡í we›`ygvÎ Ag‡bv‡hvM †bB, †mB mg‡q GB D¾¡j Avwef©ve LyeB cÖ‡qvRbxq Ges ZvB wZwb G‡`‡ki gvbyl I wkíx‡`i wkívPvh©| †`‡ki engvb nvnvKvi, `vwi`ª¨, `ytLKó, AwePvi, Ae‡njv, gvby‡li ¶zav, b~¨bZg Pvwn`v I AwaKvi Ñ wk¶v, AvkÖq, wPwKrmv, RxweKvms¯’vb, we‡bv`‡bi Afve-AbUb wPÎwk‡íi g‡Zv bv›`wbK cwiwa‡Z Kx K‡i IBme K`h©K`vKvi kÖxnxb iƒc, gvby‡li AvZ¥-Aegvbbvi Av‡jL¨, m‡Z¨i ev¯—e cÖKUZvi K¨vbfv‡m G‡m †Mj, Avw` †mŠ›`h©wccvmyiv Zv †f‡e nKPwKZ| Gm‡ei cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z Rqbyj Av‡ew`bB G‡`‡k cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv Amy›`‡ii iƒcKvi, hv mwZ¨ Ges KwVb, †hUv‡K Gwo‡q †M‡j wb‡R‡K duvwK

we‡`ªvnx Mi“ Rjis, 1951

51

w`‡q Rxeb‡KB A¯^xKvi Kiv nq| A‡bKUv eva¨ n‡q †mŠ›`‡h©i cy‡ivwnZiv eÇ Awb”Qvq GB iƒc‡K wPiKv‡ji iƒc e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡ib| `wi`ª †`‡ki GB wPiš—b iƒc cÖvq cÖwZwU †`‡k Avš—R©vwZK I aª“c`x wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ| GB `ywf©‡¶i ev¯—e-AvL¨vb wPÎgvjvi †hb †kl †bB| Amg mvgvwRK, Avw_©K I ivR‰bwZK e¨e¯’vi dj cÖwZwbqZ AcwieZ©bxq iƒ‡c weivRgvb| GKwU AuvPoI Zvi GLb ch©š— †Kv‡bv cwieZ©‡bi `vwe iv‡L bv| GgbB welq Rqby‡ji m¯—v nj‡`‡U †gvUv KvM‡R †gvUv Zzwji Kv‡jv Kvwji fqven `v‡M wPiRvMiƒK| MÖvgevsjvi gvby‡li iƒcKvi wZwb, wKš‘ Zuvi wP‡Îi wbg©vY‰kjx wK †Kv‡bv MÖvgxY iƒ‡ci Av‡jv‡K D™¢vwmZ Ñ GB cÖkœ †bwZevPK DËi cvq| Zuvi ˆkjx BD‡ivcxq cwðgv-cÖZxwP¨K, ZvB AvaywbK Ges Av‡jvKwP‡Îi ûeûZvq Qwe¸‡jvi ev¯—egyLx mvejxjZv †`Lv hvq, hw`I wZwb wPš—v-fvebv Kg©Kv‡Êi wel‡q wQ‡jb AwZkq †`kR I cÖvYeš—| Zuvi wk¶v AvaywbKZvq, †`kR ixwZi wPÎaviv wbg©vY, †jvKR‰kjx †mLv‡b Abycw¯’Z, †mB wn‡m‡e cw_K…r| GB m„wókxjZv Av‡M Kv‡iv g‡a¨ †`Lv †`qwb, ZvB wZwb G‡`‡ki cÖ_g c~Y© AvaywbK wkíx| GLb cÖk,œ BD‡ivcxq ixwZ‡Z Qwe AuvKv Qvov †`kR ixwZ‡Z Qwe AuvK‡j †mUv wK AvaywbKZvi ch©v‡q c‡o bv? DËi, bv, c‡o bv| KviY, GLv‡b welq gyL¨ bq, ˆkjxwUB gyL¨, ZvB| Rqby‡ji mvg‡b `ywU aviv we`¨gvb wQj Ges kw³kvjx, mPj †m¸‡jv| GKw`‡K Aeb VvKz‡ii be¨-aª“c`x ixwZ, Ab¨w`‡K hvwgbx-b›`i evsjvi †jvKRavivi cybR©vMiYixwZ| Rqbyj Gi †Kv‡bvwU‡ZB nvZ †`bwb| Gi e`‡j wZwb ï× wk‡íi AvaywbK me©‡kl mv¤cÖwZK aviv‡Z AeMvnb Kivi eª‡Z wbgMœ n‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi †iLvcÖavb ev¯—eagx© Av‡jvKwPÎavivq cwi‡ewkZ K‡ói gvbwPÎ, `yt‡Li †mŠ›`h©, KgB †ewk, ¯^íZvB eû I A‡bK| GiKg gvby‡li eo eo Kó I `ytL ZLb wf¶vi AfveKv‡j `ywf©‡¶i AgvbweK ûeû msev`c‡Îi msev`wPÎ ai‡bi ¯úó A¼b wPÎvewj mevi g‡a¨ Av‡jvob †Zv‡j| nq‡Zv Qwe¸‡jv †cBw›Us ev eY©‡jcb wkíKjv ch©v‡q c‡o bv; wKš‘ Ab¯^xKvh©, G¸‡jvi Øviv cÖgvwYZ n‡qwQj, Õ43-G GK`vi weªwUk Dcwb‡ek I ivRZ‡š¿i AvKv‡k †hLv‡b m~h©gÊj wPiRvMiƒK, KL‡bv A¯—vqgvb nq bv, Zvi †kl mg‡qi AwePvi, †kvlY-kvmb-wbcxo‡bi cÖvgvY¨ `wjj, hv eûw`b hver engvb wQj Zv‡`i kvmbKv‡j| Amvgvb¨ †¯‹P¸‡jv Av‡jvKwP‡Îi ev¯—eZvq ûeû, `ywf©‡¶i KwVb fqsKi †mŠ›`h© wK wbôzi Rxeš—! gvby‡li `ytmn evm KZ ü`qwe`viK I gg©vwš—K! Gm‡ei cÖKvk wPÎwk‡í, bRi“‡ji Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi g‡Zv cÖPÊ k‡ãi ûûsKv‡i †PŠwPi| GZwKQyi ciI j¶ Kiv hvq, wb‡g©vn we‡ePbvq, Rqby‡ji GB †h wcÖq I mnRvZ A¼bixwZ, †¯‹P ev ev¯—egyLx AuvPo-cÖwµqv, Zv †_‡K wZwb †ewk`~i G‡Mv‡Z 52

cv‡ibwb| K_v¸‡jv AwcÖq n‡jI mwZ¨| gv‡Sg‡a¨ GB MwÊ †_‡K wZwb cÖvYc‡Y †ewi‡q †h‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb; wKš‘ Avevi Zvi mnRvZ ¯^v”Q‡›`¨i Kv‡Q wd‡i †M‡Qb| Zuvi weL¨vZ ÔcvBb¨vi gvÕ, Ôgv I †Q‡jÕ, Ô`yB gwnjvÕ ev ÔcÖmvabiZv `ywU †g‡qÕi Qwe¸‡jv‡Z evsjvi †jvKR aviv¸‡jv †ek †Rviv‡jv| Avevi ÔPviwU gyLÕ, Ô¸YUvbvÕ ev ÔGKvKx e‡bÕ Qwe¸‡jv‡Z Avavg~Z©-weg~Z©Zvi Avkªq wb‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ mvejxjZv, wbR¯^ ˆkjx ev G‡`‡k c„_K GK Rqbyjxq fw½ m„wó‡Z ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva Ges ev¯—eZvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq Zuvi myweL¨vZ cÖZxKx wPÎ Ôluv‡oi we‡`ªvnÕ, gB‡qi Ici MwZgq Rwg Plv, Mi“i Mvwo Kv`vq AvU‡K hvIqv †_‡K †Vjvi msMÖvg, muvIZvj‡`i Qwe, eªþcy‡Îi cv‡o wcZv-cy‡Îi wPwš—Zgy‡L †dwiNv‡U cÖZx¶v, cyKz‡i wQc †d‡j ˆah© wb‡q gvQ aiv cÖfw„ Z aª“c`x Qwe‡Z| Rqby‡ji welq mvaviY gvbyl, mvaviY `„k¨, †hLv‡b mvejxjZv Qvov AvKw¯§KZvi evovevwo †bB| G‡`‡ki b`x, gvbyl, w`Mš—‡Rvov AvKvk, MvQcvjv, Aejv RxeRš‘, cvLcvLvwj Zuvi mPj Zzwj‡Z me wgwj‡q mvaviY `„k¨; wKš‘ AmvaviY Dc¯’vcbvq GK Ac~e© evOvwjqvbvq fv¯^i| welq¸‡jv gyn~‡Z©B n‡q I‡V cÖvYeš—, MwZgq I eûgvwÎK| MwZi DÏvg PÂjZv G‡`‡ki K¨vbfv‡m Gi Av‡M, GgbwK c‡iI, †Kv‡bv wkíxi Kv‡R Ggbfv‡e Dc¯’vwcZ nqwb| GB PÂj MwZgqZv Zuvi cÖavb wkí-PwiÎ| wKš‘ †mUv‡K †U‡b eû`~i cÖmvwiZ Ki‡Z bvbvb Kvi‡Y w¯’wZnxb n‡q c‡owQ‡jb Rqbyj| wZwb †hgb msMVK, wk¶K, †Zgwb wQ‡jb GKRb wkíx I mvgvwRK Kg©Kv‡Ê Rov‡bv Aw¯’i gvbyl| ZvB †evanq G-K_v AvR ej‡j fyj n‡e bv †h, Zuvi ˆkwíK ¶gZvi †h Af~Zc~e© ùziY cÖ_‡g †hfv‡e cÖKvkQUvq D¾¡j †_‡K D¾¡jZi n‡Z hvw”Qj, cieZx©Kv‡j Zv mgq, hZœ, my‡hvM I cwiPh©vi Ach©vßZvi Kvi‡Y evavcÖvß n‡q‡Q| Z…Zxq we‡k¦i wkíx-mvwnwZ¨K-msMxZÁ‡`i GwU GK Uª¨v‡RwW †h, GKRb hLb Zuvi ˆkwíK cÖwZfvi `xwß wb‡q weKwkZ nb, ZLb Av‡kcv‡k Ab¨ wKQy bv _vKvq Gm‡ei cÖvwZôvwbK `vq`vwqZ¡ Zuvi Kuv‡a G‡m †Rv‡U Ges wZwb Zv ev¯—‡e iƒc w`‡Z GwM‡q Av‡mb †`k, `k, wkí I bZzb cÖR‡b¥i gyL †P‡q| G‡Z Zuvi wkíxmËvi ˆkwíK weKvk mgq I my‡hv‡Mi Afv‡e mvejxjfv‡e cwiùzU n‡Z cv‡i bv| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi cÖvq me wkí I wkíxi †¶‡Î GgbwU †`Lv hvq, huviv GgbZi mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK K‚cgÊ~KZvi wkKvi nb| m`¨ wef³ GKwU †`‡k Zvi RbM‡Yi R‡b¨ hLb †Kv‡bv wkícÖwZôvb †bB, †mB `vq`vwqZ¡ Rqby‡ji g‡Zv wkíx I wkím‡PZb gvby‡li Ici coj| GB mvsMVwbK wecyj Kg©Kv‡Ê Zuvi wkíx wn‡m‡e wecyj RbwcÖqZv cÖwZôvb A_©vr Z`vbxš—b AvU© K‡jR eZ©gv‡b XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Pvi“Kjv Abyl` m„wói ev¯—evq‡b Avgjv‡`i jvj wdZvi evav‡K AwZµg Ki‡Z A‡bKvs‡k mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges wZwb mdjKvg n‡q G‡`‡k Pvi“Kjvi cÖvwZôvwbK wk¶vi †MvovcËb K‡ib|

GLv‡b ejv hvq, Gi ga¨ w`‡q Zuvi wk¶KZvi gnvb †ckvq Rxeb‡K DØy× K‡i‡Q mwZ¨, Z‡e ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡q‡Q m„wóag© I wkí‰kjx| wKš‘ ZvB ev ejv hvq †Kgb K‡i| Avgiv hw` GB wk¶vcÖwZôvb m„wó‡K e¨wZµgx GKwU Bb÷‡jkb AvU© ev ¯’vcbvwkí wn‡m‡e fvwe I g~j¨vqb Kwi, Zvn‡j Zv Abe`¨ GK m„RbkxjZvi D`vniY n‡q cÖwZôv cvq Ges Rqbyj †mB wePv‡i G‡`‡ki cÖ_g I cw_K…r ¯’vcbvwkíx e‡j wPiKvj ¯§iYxq n‡q _vK‡eb| µgvMZ DËiY wewfbœfv‡e I ch©v‡q GKRb gnr wkíxi Ab¨Zg j¶Y| Rqby‡ji j¶Y †Zgwb wkíxi ch©v‡q Avš—R©vwZK gvcKvwV‡Z I Kvh©µ‡g cwijw¶Z nq| G‡`‡ki G hver hveZxq wkí I wkíx m„wói AbyKj‚ cwi‡e‡ki wZwbB GKK m„wóKZ©v Ñ G-K_v me©‡Zvfv‡e mwZ¨ I Zv Ab¯^xKvh©| cÖwZwU DbœwZkxj `vwi`ª¨, ag©vÜ I Awk¶vcxwoZ †`‡k GBfv‡e A‡bK m„wókxj gvbyl Zuvi wbR¯^ Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q cÖwZôvb cÖwZôvi R‡b¨ GKai‡bi AvZ¥vûwZ w`‡q _v‡Kb| Rqbyj †Zgwb GKRb wkíx I m‡PZb wkí Ges †`k‡cÖwgK gvbyl| mg¯— evav-wecwËi gvS w`‡q wZwb `„pc‡` AKz‡Zvf‡q wbw`©ó I Afxó j‡¶¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi R‡b¨ GwM‡q †M‡Qb, GLv‡bB Rqby‡ji Rq| wkí memgq g~j Drm‡K wN‡i me©v‡c¶v Avcb ¯^vfvweKZvq m„wókxj nq| †h-†¯^”QvPvix bq, eis ¯^vaxbZvPvix, Zvi µ‡gvbœwZ Ac‡ii Kuva †e‡q bq; eis †m

me©`vB wbR¯^ c_Pvix| B.we. nv‡fj GB KviYKvh©Zvi Ici †Rvi w`‡qwQ‡jb| BD‡ivcxq AvaywbKZvev`, †`kxq HwZn¨ev`, bvwK AvaywbKZvev` Ñ HwZn¨ev‡`i wgjb-†mZz Ñ GB wZbwU avivq Avgv‡`i we‡kl K‡i c„w_exi cÖvq cÖwZwU GK`v-Jcwb‡ewkK kvmbvg‡ji †`‡k wkí I ms¯‹…wZPP©v n‡q Avm‡Q Ges wkí-Av‡›`vjb, wkív‡jvPbv, wkí-gZev`, wkíPP©v I wkíx‡Mvôx GB wÎaviv‡ZB AvewZ©Z n‡”Q| wefv‡MvËiKv‡j wkíKg©PP©vi g~‡j nv‡fj, Zvici Rvcvwb wkíx IKzqvKziv, huviv Aebx›`ªbv‡_i wkí¸i“ wQ‡jb Avi Zuvi cwiPh©v I gb‡b MM‡b›`ªbv_, b›`jvj emy, AwmZ nvj`vi, gyKjz †` G‡K G‡K GB wkíPP©vq wb‡R‡`i cÖwZfvi ¯^v¶i iv‡Lb| Aebx›`ªbv_-cÖewZ©Z wkíavivq hvwgbx ivq, gbx›`ªf~lY ¸ß, Avãyi ingvb PzMZvB, we‡bv`wenvix gy‡Lvcva¨vq D‡j­L¨| Gi †fZi GKK iex›`ªbv_, wZwb cÖ_g fviZxq AvaywbK I e¨wZµgx wkíx, whwb g‡bi Ae‡PZb‡K †K›`ª K‡i †Kv‡bv ¯‹z‡ji cÖ_vMZ wk¶vc×wZ e¨wZ‡i‡K wbZvš—B wb‡Ri R‡b¨, c‡i mevi R‡b¨ wkí m„wó K‡i †M‡Qb| fviZxq wkíKjvi †MŠiegq HwZn¨ AbymiY K‡i Gm‡ei cvkvcvwk Zuviv wel‡q †`kxq wKš‘ †KŠk‡j BD‡ivcxq ixwZ e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| wØZxq gnvhy×Kv‡j ZLb wKQy mggbv wkíx wg‡j K¨vjKvUv MÖ“c wkíx‡Mvôxi Avwef©ve n‡jv| Gu‡`i D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv, mbvZb ixwZ †f‡O Ab¨iKg wKQy Kiv| Zuviv n‡jb Ñ †Mvcvj

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

53

†Nvl, bx‡iv` gRyg`vi, cÖvYK…ò cvj, cÖ‡`vl `vk¸ß, cwi‡Zvl †mb, ivgwKsKi cÖgyL| Rqbyj Gu‡`i m‡½ bv †_‡KI GK c„_K ewjô evOvwjqvbv Nivbvi cw_K…r wkíx wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡ib Cl©Yxqfv‡e| wkíx b›`jvj Gu‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨iK‡gi, whwb me©`v c×wZMZ I welqe¯‘MZ Dfq w`K w`‡q wb‡R‡`i ms¯‹…wZ I HwZ‡n¨i Abymvix wQ‡jb| Rqby‡ji cwi‡ek GgbB wQj| †`kfvM, `ywf©¶, `v½v, gvby‡li `ytL-`y`©kv †_‡KB Zuvi wk‡íi ü`q-Kvov m„wóm¤¢vi| wk¶K Rqbyj, wkíx Rqbyj, msMVK Rqbyj Ñ GB wÎh‡Ái mvabvq †K †kÖô AvR wRÁvwmZ n‡j ejv hvq, wKQy cÖwZfvai gvbyl †`‡ki µvwš—Kv‡j cÖvK…wZK wbq‡g GiKg Rb¥ wb‡q _v‡Kb, Rqbyj †miKgB GK cw_K…r, e¨wZµgx I m¤ú~Yf © v‡e evOvwjqvbvq e¨vc„Z wkíx I gvbyl| wZwb Kvh© I mgqKv‡ji cÖwZfv`xß cyi“l, whwb G‡`‡ki cÖwZwU wkíx I wkíKv‡ji R‡b¨ GK wPiKv‡ji wcZ…cwÖ Zg e¨w³gvbm n‡q mevi g‡a¨ †eu‡P _vK‡eb| wkíxi wbg©vY DcKiY, Dcv`vb, welq I welqx Zuvi cwi‡ek-cÖwZ‡ek me wg‡j M‡o I‡V| †`‡ki Amnvq gvbyl, MÖvg¨ ea~, Rj, †gN, †bŠ‡Kv, AvKv‡ki †fZi Zv‡`i mxgvnxb `ytL-`vwi`ª¨B Rqby‡ji DcRxe¨| cÖwZwU welq ev¯—e‡Nulv, g‡WjgyLx wKš‘ Zuvi Qwei Abb¨ ¸‡Y g‡W‡ji gbyl¨-gyL ev †`n‡K AwZµg K‡i Zv‡`i †eva-Abyf‡ei cÖwZwµqv Ab¨ RM‡Z wb‡q †M‡Q| wbLyuZ WªBs I Zvi Amvgvb¨ MwZ †ev‡ai Abycy•LZvq D™¢vwmZ n‡q I‡V| †gvUv Zzwji aviY¶gZv, Zzwj Pvjbvi Kg‡ewk †gvUv-m~²Zvi mvejxjZv, Av‡jv-Qvqvi wbg©vY MwZ‡K _vwg‡q gyn~‡Z©B wd«Rk‡Ui K¨v‡giv-KzkjZv, mvgv‡b¨i gv‡S Amvgv‡b¨i wSwjK, i‡Oi AbwZ-cÖ‡qvRb e¨envi Ges m‡e©vcwi mevi Ici w`‡q welq‡K Qvwo‡q †ev‡ai ü`qMÖvwnZv Ñ GmeB aª“c`x gvÎvq wef~wlZ n‡q G‡`‡ki wbR¯^ fvÊv‡ii A¶q Rqbyjxq m¤ú` wn‡m‡e msiw¶Z| Rqby‡ji KvK Kv‡jv is wb‡qB K¨vbfvm †_‡K D‡o P‡j †h‡Z Pvq `ª“Z Ñ GgbB MwZgq ev¯—evwqZ wkí‰kjx! Zuvi ˆiwLK Kv‡jv †gvUv `vM I AuvPo †÷Bb&W M­v‡mi Kv‡jv mxgvbvi g‡Zv, hvi †fZ‡i i‡Oi D¾¡j c~YZ © v, Rvcvwb I ˆPwbK Rji‡Oi ixwZ-†KŠk‡ji mnR-mijZv †hgb, †Zgwb KwVb I weï× gvÎvi| Kwâi †Rvi wel‡qi Ici c~Y© wbqš¿‡Y, hv wKQyUv cÖKw… Z`Ë I wbiš—i Abykxj‡bi dmj| †iLv Qwei cÖvY Ñ GUv‡K †K›`ª K‡i cieZx©Kv‡j A‡b‡Ki Kv‡R g~jZ †gŠwjKZvi ¯^v¶i `„wó‡MvPi nq| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki iwk` †PŠayixi wkí-m„wó‡Z Kv‡jv †iLv-i‡Oi NbZ¡ I mxgvbv Zvi inm¨ m„wói Ab¨Zg PvweKvwV, †Zgwb fvi‡Zi bx‡iv` gRyg`vi ev wd`v û‡m‡bi wk‡íI G-ixwZ mvejxj I gyL¨| wkíx kvnveywχbi Kv‡RI Rqby‡ji cÖvwZôvwbK ixwZi A¼b‰kjx I w¶cÖ-cwikxwjZ MwZ j¶Yxq, †ev‡nwgqvb wkíx myjZv‡bi Qwe‡ZI| GB Kv‡jv ˆiwLK AuvPo-ixwZ †`kR cwi‡ek-cwiw¯’wZ‡Z 54

Ab¨ Avw` wVKvbvi mÜvb †`q, hvi g~j my`i~ ARš—v-B‡jvivq| MÖvgevsjvi iƒcKvi †hgb Rqbyj, G †Zv GKgvÎ Avw` I gyL¨, †Zgwb KweZvq Rmxg D`&`x‡bi g‡Zv mnR-mi‡j welqxf~Z, †hLv‡b MÖvg ev †`‡ki gvbylB cÖavb| †mB mg‡q gymwjg RvMi‡Y bRi“j-Rmx‡gi KweZv, Mvb, Rqby‡ji Qwe, AveŸvmDÏx‡bi KÉ †hgb Acwinvh©, †Zgwb RvZxqZvev‡`i beRvM„wZi cieZx©Kv‡j ¯^vaxbZvi †PZbvjä AvKv•¶vI †mLv‡b Aš—jx©b wQj| Rqby‡ji Qwei aª“c`x BD‡ivcxq ixwZ Zuvi †`k‡cÖ‡gi wecix‡Z, welqwU Avðh© jv‡M, Z‡e Zuvi welq me©`vB †`kR, gvwU I MYgyLx Ñ GK_vI Avðh©! Gi †fZ‡iI evsjvi Avw` †jvKR-AvaywbK avivi Abymvix Kvgi“j nvmvb A_ev ï× BD‡ivcxq mgKvjxb AvaywbKZvq m¤ú~Y© wbgw¾Z †gvnv¤§` wKewiqv wecixZ ˆecix‡Z¨ wbgMœ| Kjvwe`¨v hZLvwb †`kR, ZZLvwb AvZ¥¯^vaxbZvg~jK I wbR¯^, †hLv‡b wkí-m„wóB gyL¨ welq| eZ©gv‡b cÖwZwU Dbœqbkxj †`k, hviv ¯^vaxbZvcÖvß n‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b wkí-m„wó‡Z †`kR welq I Dcv`v‡bi wbR¯^Zv m„wó ï× wk‡íi g~j¨vq‡b Ab¨Zg gvcKvwV e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡”Q| we‡kl K‡i wbR¯^ fvlv, ms¯‹…wZ I wk‡íi Ic‡iB GB wnmveUv eZ©vq, †h‡nZz GKwU †`‡ki cÖK…Z cwiPq I wbR¯^Zv Gm‡ei ga¨ w`‡q cÖKvk cvq| GB wePv‡i Rqby‡ji Aek¨B mvwe©Kfv‡e mdjZv cÖvc¨, wZwbB cw_K…r, GKvš—fv‡eB †`kR, hv Zvi wkí-†PZbvi `~i`„wói cwiPq enb K‡i| XvKvi wkíwk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZôvZv QvovI †mvbviMuvI‡q †jvKR Rv`yNi, gqgbwmsn Rv`yNi I wkíx‡`i R‡b¨ c„_K wkíMÖvg cÖwZôv LyeB my`~icÖmvix Abb¨ cÖ‡Póv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| Gfv‡e GKwU †`k Zvi nviv‡bv HwZn¨ Lyu‡R cvq Ges ¯^vaxbfv‡e Zvi weKv‡k wbiš—i PP©v K‡i, Z‡e Aek¨B Zvi d‡j wbR¯^Zvi avivevwnKZv Avm‡e, hv Zvi R‡b¨ GK A¶q ms‡hvRb| cw_K…‡Ziv mg‡qi dmj me©`vB, cwi‡ek Zuv‡`i cÖvK…wZKfv‡e cÖ‡qvR‡b m„wó K‡i _v‡K| mgq hLb †cwi‡q hv‡e my`~i fwel¨‡Z, Rqby‡ji bvg GB kª×v-webqfv‡e Rb¥kZevwl©Kx‡Z wkíxgvbyl wn‡m‡e ev wk¶vcÖwZôv‡b Ges Rqbyj‡K hZLvwb cÖeÜ, evwl©Kx, †mwgbvi, mfv-mwgwZ I e³„Zvq g‡b Ki‡e, Zvi †P‡q †ewk g‡b Ki‡e Zvi ÔcvBb¨vi gvÕ, ÔAb¨v‡qi wei“‡× msMÖvgÕ Ñ hv ¯^vaxbZvi AMÖMvgx, Ô`ywf©‡¶i Amnvq gvbylÕ, ÔWv÷webÕ, ÔKvKÕ, cuqlwÆ dz‡Ui bevbœ Avi wZwik dz‡Ui Ôb‡f¤^i †MvwK©i Õ70Õ-Gi ¯Œj-`xN© Qwe¸‡jv| gvbyl ev msMV‡Ki cwiPq wkíxi cwiwPwZ‡K ¤­vb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, †Kbbv GKwU gvby‡li Rb¥ I Rxe‡bi mv_©KZv Zvi wbR¯^ m„wó‡Z wea„Z Aek¨B, Ab¨ wKQy‡ZB bq, †h‡nZz m„wó me©`vB wbR¯^ I AwZwek¦¯— cwiP‡q mg„×| ZvB wkíx RqbyjB Rqby‡ji Avw`, AK…wÎg I Ab¨Zg cwiPq, Ab¨ cwiwPwZ evûj¨ gvÎ| GB gnvb cw_K…r wkíx-msMV‡Ki Rb¥kZevwl©Kx‡Z RvbvB cÖvYXvjv kª×v, fw³ Ges fv‡jvevmv| 

†`kvZ¥‡ev‡ai wek¦MZ iƒc

wkíx Rqbyj Av‡ew`b g„Yvj †Nvl

Awef³ fvi‡Z 1940-Gi `k‡K cÖwZôvcÖvß wkíx‡`i g‡a¨ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b (1914-76) wQ‡jb GK Awe¯§iYxq e¨w³Z¡| Pwj­‡ki cÖwZwbwa-¯’vbxq wkíx‡`i cÖvq mK‡jB 1943-Gi gš^š—i Øviv Av‡jvwoZ n‡qwQ‡jb| †mB Ki“Y ev¯—eZv A‡bK‡KB wkím„R‡b DØy× K‡i‡Q| †mB cÖwZev`x cÖK‡í Rqbyj Av‡ew`b GK ¯^Zš¿ cwimi ˆZwi K‡i Av‡Rv mK‡ji g‡b gš^š—‡ii cÖavb GK wkíx wn‡m‡e D¾¡j n‡q Av‡Qb| AvR cwðge‡½ ev fvi‡Z A‡b‡Ki Kv‡QB GUv Zuvi me‡P‡q eo cwiPq| Gi evB‡i wkíx I msMVK wn‡m‡e Zuvi wecyj Kg©KvÊ m¤ú‡K© A‡b‡KB nq‡Zv †mfv‡e AewnZ bb| †Kbbv †`kfv‡Mi ci G‡`k †Q‡o wZwb ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—vb ev AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡k P‡j hvb| Zvici mviv Rxeb †mLv‡bB KvR K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡ki GK cÖvZt¯§iYxq wkíx wZwb| †mLv‡b wZwb ÔwkívPvh©Õ e‡j cwiwPZ| Zuvi mviv Rxe‡bi a¨vb wQj AvaywbKZvi GK HwZn¨`xß †`kxq AvZ¥cwiPq M‡o †Zvjv| †mUv wZwb AZ¨š— mdjfv‡e K‡i‡Qb| evsjv‡`‡ki wkí‡K mgMÖ we‡k¦i mvg‡b D¾¡j K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb| ïay `ywf©‡¶i wPÎKi wn‡m‡eB Zuvi †h-Ae`vb, Zvi ¸i“Z¡I Acwimxg| GB wPÎgvjvi †fZi

÷vwW Rjis, 1969

55

w`‡qB cwiùzU n‡q‡Q Zuvi gvbeZvev`x cÖwZev`x wkíx‡PZbv| †mUvB Zuvi mviv Rxe‡bi Kv‡Ri wfw˯^iƒc| †hfv‡e wZwb †`‡LwQ‡jb `ywf©‡¶i †mB ev¯—eZv, †hfv‡e Zv Zuvi †fZi cÖwZwµqv RvwM‡qwQj, Zvi wKQy Avfvm †c‡Z ZuviB K_v DׄZ Kiv hvq| †KivgZ gIjvi GK ¯§„wZPviYvq Dwj­wLZ n‡q‡Q †mB K_v| gvbyl Avi KzKzi GKj‡M hLb Wv÷we‡bi LvIb jBqv KvovKvwo KBiv Lvq ZLb eyKUv dvBUv hvq| GB K_v `ywbqvi gvBb‡l‡i Avwg KBwQ Ñ Qwe‡Z aBiv †`LvBwQ, gvbyl KZ wbôzi AB‡Z cv‡i| gvbyl Zvi fvB‡q‡i †Kg‡b KzËvi cv‡k bvgvB‡Z cv‡i| (gZjye Avjx-m¤úvw`Z Rqbyj ¯§„wZ, gvbe cÖKvkb, XvKv, 1994, c„ 86) GB Mfxi `ytL‡eva †_‡KB iƒcvwqZ n‡qwQj Zuvi gš^š—iwPÎgvjv| 1943 mv‡j Rqbyj _vK‡Zb KjKvZvq cvK©mvK©vm GjvKvi 14bs mvK©vm †iv‡Z GKwU †QvU Ni fvov K‡i| †`k †_‡K †QvU fvB †Rqv`yi iwng‡K G‡b †i‡L‡Qb Zuvi Kv‡Q| 1938 mv‡j KjKvZvi Mfb©‡g›U AvU© ¯‹zj †_‡K wkíKjvi wk¶v †kl K‡i‡Qb cÖ_g †kªwY‡Z cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡i| Zuvi Rxe‡b Avi GKwU Af~Zc~e© NUbv †h, AvU© ¯‹z‡j †kl cix¶v cvk Kivi Av‡MB 1937 mv‡j wZwb †mLv‡b A¯’vqx wk¶K wbhy³ nb, GB A¯’vqx c` ¯’vqx n‡qwQj `yeQi ci 1939 mv‡j| AvU© ¯‹z‡ji Ab¨Zg GK wk¶K Ave`yj gC‡bi g„Zz¨ nq, IB eQi 16 gvP©| †mB k~b¨¯’v‡b wbhy³ nb Rqbyj| 1939-G wØZxq wek¦hy× ïi“ nq, †m-eQiB weªwUk miKv‡ii wZb eQi †gqv‡`i ¯‹jviwkc †c‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| wKš‘ hvIqv n‡jv bv wek¦hy× ïi“ nIqvq| d‡j 1943 mv‡j mvK©vm †iv-i evwo‡Z _v‡Kb| AvU© ¯‹z‡j wk¶KZv K‡ib| hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ KjKvZvi iv¯—vq †`‡Lb MÖvg †_‡K Avmv `ywf©¶cxwoZ bi-bvix-wkïi Lv‡`¨i Rb¨ nvnvKvi| KzKz‡ii m‡½ GKm‡½ Wv÷web †_‡K A‡b¨i †d‡j †`Iqv Lvevi Kzwo‡q LvIqvi `„k¨| evwoi `iRvq `iRvq d¨v‡bi Rb¨ wf¶v| ZvI bv †c‡q †kl ch©š— g„Zz¨i †Kv‡j X‡j cov| evwo wd‡i G‡m †mB QweB Auv‡Kb mvaviY m¯—vi KvM‡R Kvwj-Zzwji †gvUv †iLvq| Pv¶zl AwfÁZvi cÖZ¨¶ `wjj n‡q I‡V GB wPÎivwR| ¯^vfvweKZv †f‡O Awfe¨w³ev`x Zx¶èZv I ZxeªZvq AuvKv GB Qwe¸wj cÖ_g †_‡KB gvby‡li g‡b cÖej AwfNvZ m„wó K‡i| Qwe¸wj Qvcv n‡Z _v‡K fvi‡Zi KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i cwÎKv Rbhy× I wccjm Iqv‡i| KjKvZv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Bs‡iwR ˆ`wbK `¨ †÷Umg¨v‡bI Qvcv n‡Z _v‡K G-Qwe| 1943 mv‡jB KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i D‡`¨v‡M K‡jR w÷ªU gv‡K©‡U AbywôZ nq `ywf©‡¶i Qwe wb‡q GK cÖ`k©bx| Zv‡Z Zuvi Qwe¸wj eû gvbyl‡K AvK…ó K‡i| 1944 mv‡j Wv‡K©wbs †WR Ae †e½j bv‡g Bjv †m‡bi GKwU MÖš’

cÖKvwkZ nq| Zv‡Z wQj Zuvi 12wU `ywf©¶-wP‡Îi cÖwZwjwc| 1945 mv‡ji 3 †_‡K 8 gvP© KjKvZvi †gvnv¤§` Avwj cv‡K© AbywôZ nq d¨vwmev`we‡ivax †jLK I wkíx ms‡Ni Z…Zxq m‡¤§jb| †mLv‡b Av‡qvwRZ n‡qwQj ÔAvgv‡`i †`kÕ kxl©K wkí-cÖ`k©bx| Zv‡ZI †`Lv‡bv nq Zuvi `ywf©‡¶i Qwe| Gfv‡e Rqby‡ji cwiwPwZ I L¨vwZ cÖmvwiZ n‡Z _v‡K| gvbeZvev`x cÖwZev`x wP·PZbvi I wPÎ-Avw½‡Ki Ggb GKwU g‡Wj wZwb ˆZwi K‡ib, hv 1940-Gi `k‡Ki b›`b-fvebvi Ab¨Zg GKwU cÖZxK ev ÔAv‡K©UvBcÕ wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv cvq| Gi Av‡M Ges c‡i Rqbyj bvbv Avw½‡K I bvbv welq wb‡q KvR K‡i‡Qb| cÖej †`kvZ¥‡eva I RvZxqZv‡eva Zuvi mg¯— m„wó‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i‡Q| wZwb Aek¨ wk‡íi †mB mgqKvi RvZxqZvev`x aviv‡K cwinvi K‡i‡Qb cÖ_g †_‡KB| †Kbbv †`kKv‡ji †h-ev¯—eZv‡K wZwb cÖKvwkZ Ki‡Z Pvb, †mUv m¤¢e wQj bv Z_vKw_Z fviZxq ixwZi mylgvgq Q‡›`i web¨v‡m| cvðvZ¨ ¯^vfvweKZvev`x ixwZ‡K wZwb AvZ¥¯’ K‡i‡Qb| Zvici Zv‡K †f‡O‡Qb Awfe¨w³ev`x ixwZi Aš—gy©wLbZvq| wKš‘ Awfe¨w³ev`x GKwU avivq mwbœweó _v‡K AvZ¥gMœZvi †h inm¨gq giwg Aven, hvi `„óvš— †`wL Avgiv GWIqvW© gy¼, Gwgj †bvj‡W ev iex›`ªbv‡_i wKQy Qwe‡Z, †mw`‡KI wZwb hvbwb| †Kbbv Zuvi Kv‡Q ZLb Ges wPiw`bB gvbweK Ae¶qRwbZ `„k¨-ev¯—eZv A‡bK †ewk cÖvmw½K wQj| Zv‡K cÖKvk Kivi wPÎfvlv wZwb Lyu‡R‡Qb| gš^š—i wPÎgvjvq ZviB mnR I mvejxj cÖKvk N‡U‡Q| GB Avw½‡Ki ga¨ w`‡qB wZwb M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb Zuvi wbR¯^ RvZxqZv‡ev‡ai we‡kl GK aib| cvðvZ¨wek¦‡K AvZ¥¯’ K‡iB wZwb M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb cÖvP¨RvZxqZvi ¯^Zš¿ GK fvlv| Zuvi iwPZ GB wPÎfvlvB Pwj­‡ki `k‡Ki gvbweK hš¿Yv‡ev‡ai GK wewkó fvl¨ n‡q DVj, Pwj­‡ki cÖKvk‡K hv bvbvfv‡e cÖfvweZ I wbqwš¿Z K‡i‡Q| GB gvbeZvev`x wPÎfvlv M‡o †ZvjvB Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi cÖavbZg GK Ae`vb, hv wZwb K‡i‡Qb wkíxRxe‡bi cÖ_g ch©v‡q| †ZZvwj­‡ki gš^š—i Pwj­‡ki wkíKjvq Mfxi AwfNvZ G‡b‡Q| G-K_v mK‡jiB Rvbv| †m-mg‡qi m‡PZb I gvbeZvev`x me wkíxB Gu‡K‡Qb `ywf©‡¶i gvbweK wech©‡qi Qwe| GgbwK b›`jvj emyI Gu‡K‡Qb Zuvi wbR¯^ RvZxqZvev`x cyivYK‡íi X‡O| ÔAbœc~Y©v hvi N‡i, †m Kuv‡` A‡bœi Z‡i, G eo gvqvi cigv`Õ Ñ GB wk‡ivbv‡g wke I Abœc~Y©vi Qwe| AZzj emyi g‡Zv ¯^vfvweKZvev`x Avw½‡Ki wkíxI Gu‡K‡Qb| ÔK¨vjKvUv MÖ“‡cÕi Aš—M©Z wkíxiv Gu‡K‡Qb Ñ cwi‡Zvl †mb, bxi` gRyg`vi, †Mvcvj †Nvl, †Mvea©b Avk cÖgyL| Gi evB‡i gš^š—‡ii ev¯—eZv Rxebe¨vcx cÖfve †d‡jwQj K‡qKRb wkíxi Ici| Zuviv n‡jb Ñ wPËcÖmv`, †mvgbv_ †nvi I wKQyUv AícwiwPZ gwY ivq e‡j GKRb wkíx| Zuviv evgcš’x Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ mwµqfv‡e hy ³ wQ‡jb| KwgDwb÷ 57

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

58

cvwU©i m`m¨ wQ‡jb| Rqbyj ZLb KjKvZvi gvbyl| KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i m‡½I Zuvi cÖZ¨¶ †Kv‡bv ms‡hvM †bB| hw`I gvK©mev`x Av`‡k©i †kªô cÖKvk N‡U‡Q Zuvi Kv‡R| ZLbKvi PÆMÖv‡gi `yB wkíx wPËcÖmv` Avi †mvgbv_ †nvi mgvš—ivjfv‡e GB `ywf©‡¶i ev¯—eZv †_‡KB AR©b K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡`i Rxebe¨vcx cÖKv‡ki wfwË| Pwj­‡ki GB `vq‡ev‡ai wk‡íi cÖavb cw_K…r Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| Kv‡RB cwðge½ ev evsjv‡`k Ñ GiKg wefvR‡bi ga¨ w`‡q Rqby‡ji g~ j¨vqb Kiv mgxPxb bq| Pwj­k-cieZx© fviZxq AvaywbKZvi Ab¨Zg cy‡ivav wkíx †hgb Rqbyj, †Zgwb 1947-cieZx© c~e© cvwK¯—vb ev evsjv‡`‡ki wkí I fviZxq AvaywbKZviB cÖmviY| hw`I Kvjµ‡g Zv ¯^Zš¿ c_ wb‡q‡Q| †mB ¯^Zš¿ c_ wba©vi‡YI Rqby‡ji i‡q‡Q cw_K…‡Zi f~wgKv| cvðvZ¨ AvaywbKZv‡K AvZ¥¯’ K‡iB wZwb `yB evsjvi HwZ‡n¨i m‡½ hy³ GK RvZxqZvev`x c_ A‡š^lY K‡i‡Qb| GB A‡š^l‡Yi †fZi w`‡q RvZxqZv I Avš—R©vwZKZv‡K mgxK…Z K‡i‡Qb| GUvB Zuvi †kªô Ae`vb|

`yB Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rb¥ 1914 mv‡ji 29 wW‡m¤^i c~e©e‡½i wK‡kviM‡Ä| Zuvi wcZv †kL ZwgRDwÏb Avng`| gv Rqbey‡bœmv| Zuvi evev cywj‡k PvKwi Ki‡Zb| e`wji m~‡Î c~e© evsjvi wewfbœ †Rjvq Zuv‡K Nyi‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zuvi ˆcZ…K evwo wQj gqgbwmsn kni-msjMœ KuvwPSzwj MÖv‡g| wKš‘ 1925 ch©š— †Q‡j‡ejvUv †K‡U‡Q wK‡kviMÄ, †K›`yqv, wgVvgBb, †kicyi BZ¨vw` A‡j| ˆkke †_‡K evsjvi cÖK…wZ Zuv‡K gy» K‡i‡Q| Zuvi gb‡K ms‡e`bkxj K‡i‡Q| cÖK…wZgy»ZvB Zuvi g‡b m„R‡bi exR ecb K‡i‡Q| wkíPP©vi †Kv‡bv cvwievwiK DËivwaKvi Zuvi wQj bv| ˆkke †_‡K cÖK…wZB Zuv‡K DØy× K‡i‡Q Qwei w`‡K| GK ¯§„wZPviYvq e‡j‡Qb : hw` †KD Avgv‡K wR‡Ám K‡i Avwg Qwe AuvKv wkLjvg wK K‡i? ev Kvi KvQ †_‡K? Z‡e DËi w`‡Z cvie bv| eje, Avgvi †`‡ki cÖK…wZ Avi cwi‡ek Avgv‡K Qwe AuvKvi Aby‡cÖiYv w`‡q‡Q| G‡`‡ki AvKvk, evZvm, b`x, gvV, eb, GLvbKvi gvby‡li Pjv‡div, IVv-emv, nvwm-Kvbœv Avgv‡K Qwe AuvK‡Z e‡j‡Q| (gZjye Avjx-m¤úvw`Z Rqbyj ¯§„wZ, c„ 137) ÔAvwg hLb †QvU wQjvgÕ kxl©K `ycvZvi GKwU †QvU ¯§„wZPviYvq Gme K_v wZwb e‡j‡Qb| cÖK…wZi m‡½ Zuvi †mB †h wbweo GKvZ¥Zvi Abyfe, Zvi Av‡iv wKQyUv ï‡b wb‡Z cvwi Avgiv, hv †_‡K Zuvi gbwU‡K †evSv hvq, †h-gb Zuv‡K wkíx K‡i‡Q| wjL‡Qb wZwb : eªþcy‡Îi av‡i †Q‡j‡ejvq †L‡j †eovZvg| kx‡Zi b`x Kzjy Kzjy K‡i e‡q †hZ| †R‡jiv gvQ aiZ,

†g‡qiv Kvco KvP‡Zv, Kjmx f‡i cvwb wb‡q †h‡Zv evwo, hvÎx Gcvi-Icvi Ki‡Zv †Lqv †bŠKvi gvwS| Avwg Zb¥q n‡q †`LZvg gvby‡li GB Avmv-hvIqv|... mܨv‡ejv cvwLiv SuvK †eu‡a Ajm K¬vš— cvLvq fi K‡i evwo wdiZ| Sc Sc K‡i bvI †e‡q Mvb †M‡q †hZ gvwS, †g‡qiv Kjmx f‡i evwo wdiZ| ivLvj †Q‡j Mi“i cvj wb‡q †hZ evwoi c‡_, `~‡ii gmwR` †_‡K †kvbv †hZ AvRv‡bi WvK| Avwg Zb¥q n‡q b`xi Nv‡U e‡m AvKv‡ki GB iO †div †`LZvg| †Q‡j‡ejvq Avgvi †`Lv GB †h Avgvi †`‡ki iƒc G Qwe Avgvi g‡bi c`©vq AuvKv wQj| Zvici hLb Gu‡KwQ, ZLb g‡bi c`©vi †mB Qwe, iO Zzwji AuvP‡o †eu‡a ivL‡Z †P‡qwQ| K‡ZvLvwb †c‡iwQ Rvwb bv| (IB, c„ 137-138) GB cÖK…wZgMœZv †_‡KB Zuvi g‡a¨ †R‡MwQj ïay cÖK…wZ bq, gvby‡li cÖwZI fv‡jvevmv| GB fv‡jvevmvB RvwM‡qwQj cÖwZev`x-†PZbv| jvwÃZ gvbeZvi wei“‡× cÖwZev`| GB cÖwZev`x-†PZbviB dmj Zuvi `ywf©‡¶i wPÎvewj| 1922 mvj †_‡K Zuvi ¯‹z‡ji cov‡kvbv ïi“ nq| cÖ_‡g fwZ© nb †kicyi ivgew½bx Gg-B ¯‹z‡j| †mLv‡b PZz_© †kªwY ch©š— c‡ob| Zvici gqgbwmsn †Rjv ¯‹z‡j cÂg †_‡K Aóg †kªwY ch©š—| ZLb †_‡KB Zuvi Qwe AuvKvi AvMÖn †`Lv hvq| Gici 1930 mv‡j fwZ© nb gqgbwms‡ni g„Zz¨Äq ¯‹z‡j beg †kªwY‡Z| `kg †kªwY ch©š— Aa¨qb K‡ib †mLv‡b| IB eQiB †ev‡¤^ µwbKj cwÎKv Mj&d †Ljv wel‡q Qwe AuvKvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv AvnŸvb K‡i| †m-cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq AskMÖnY K‡i cyi¯‹…Z nb| Qwe AuvKvi cÖwZ GB AvKl©Y Zuvi ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wk¶‡Ki `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i| Zuvi ZLb ¯^cœ KjKvZvq wM‡q AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© n‡eb| Gi g‡a¨ 1930 mv‡j GKevi evwo‡Z KvD‡K bv Rvwb‡q KjKvZvq wM‡q AvU© ¯‹zj †`‡LI Av‡mb| Zuvi evevi mg_©b wQj bv Qwe AuvKvi AwbwðZ RxweKvi cÖwZ| cÖavb wk¶K Zuvi cÖeYZv ey‡S Zuvi evev‡K eywS‡q ivwR K‡iwQ‡jb| 1932 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m wZwb fwZ© nb KjKvZvi Mfb©‡g›U AvU© ¯‹z‡j| gv‡qi mg_©b I mnvbyf~wZ †c‡qwQ‡jb| Mqbv wewµ K‡i fwZ© nIqvi cÖv_wgK LiP RywM‡qwQ‡jb Zuvi gv| Avw_©K Am”QjZv Zuvi KjKvZvq †_‡K AvU© ¯‹z‡j cov‡K Lye KwVb K‡iwQj| gqgbwmsn †Rjv †evW© †_‡K e„wË cvIqvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ †c‡qwQ‡jb| †mB e„wË †`Iqv n‡Zv AvU© ¯‹z‡ji mycvwi‡ki wfwˇZ| AvU© ¯‹zj †_‡K †mB mycvwikcÎ †`Iqv n‡Zv cÖ_ge‡l©i djvd‡ji Ici wbf©i K‡i| GK eQi A‡c¶v Kivi mgq wQj bv Zuvi| gyKzj †` ZLb AvU© ¯‹z‡ji Aa¨¶| Av‡e`b Ki‡jb Zuvi Kv‡Q| Zuvi fwZ© cix¶vi dj Lye fv‡jv wQj| †mB we‡ePbvq gyKzj †` wbqg †f‡O we‡kl Aby‡gv`b w`‡qwQ‡jb| Zvi d‡j 59

gqgbwmsn †Rjv †evW© †_‡K wg‡jwQj gvwmK 15 UvKvi e„wË| Zv‡ZB KjKvZvi Rxeb Pvjv‡Z n‡Zv| wKQy wKQy Kgvwk©qvj KvRI K‡i‡Qb cvkvcvwk| Zv †_‡K †`‡ki evwo‡ZI cvVv‡Z n‡Zv wKQy A_©mvnvh¨| †mB mgq wZwb _vK‡Zb 31 I‡q‡jmwj w÷ª‡Ui GKwU †g‡m| ILv‡b Zuv‡K _vK‡Z n‡Zv wmuwoi wb‡P GKUv duvKv RvqMvq| 1932 †_‡K 38 ch©š— QvÎRxe‡bi A‡a©‡Ki †ewk mgq GLv‡bB Kv‡U| †kl w`‡K e‡Ûj †iv‡W GKwU evwo fvov K‡i P‡j hvb| 1938-G AvU© K‡jR †_‡K cvk K‡ib cÖ_g †kªwY‡Z cÖ_g n‡q| cvk Kivi ci wZwb e‡Ûj †iv‡Wi evmv †Q‡o P‡j hvb 14 b¤^i mvK©vm †iv-i evwo‡Z| Av‡M †R‡bwQ, †mLv‡bB AuvKv n‡qwQj gš^š—‡ii wPÎ| AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nIqvi ci †_‡K gš^š—‡ii Qwei ch©v‡qi Av‡M ch©š— Zuvi Qwei aib †Kgb wQj, †mUv GKUz †f‡e †bIqvi †Póv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †Mvov †_‡KB Rqby‡ji cÖeYZv wQj BD‡ivcxq ¯^vfvweKZvev`x I cÖ_g ch©v‡qi AvaywbKZvev`x wPÎKjvi cÖwZ| wZwb me mgqB cÖZ¨¶ ev¯—e‡K ai‡Z PvB‡Zb Zuvi Qwe‡Z| Avevi ˆkke

gq~iv¶x AwZµg Rjis, 1951

60

†_‡K †`Lv evsjvi wbm‡M©i mRjZv †mB ev¯—‡ei †fZi wKQy gvqvi AveiYI Avb‡Z PvBZ| ZvB ev¯—eZv‡K e¨w³wkíxi gb‡b `ªe xf~Z Kivi †h-cÖeYZv wQj cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x ev Bg‡cÖkwb÷ wkí-Av‡›`vj‡b, †mUv Zuv‡K cÖv_wgKfv‡e AvK…ó K‡iwQj| ZLbKvi be¨-fviZxq Nivbvi †h ¯^‡`k‡PZbv-AvwkªZ iƒcixwZ, Zvi cÖwZ wZwb KL‡bvB we‡kl AvKl©Y Abyfe K‡ibwb| Avevi weªwUk A¨vKv‡WwgK Abycy•L-¯^vfvweKZv‡KI Zuvi gb‡bi c‡¶ Dc‡hvMx g‡b K‡ibwb| GUv Pwj­‡ki wkíx‡`i GKUv ˆewkó¨ Ñ Zuviv BD‡ivcxq AvaywbKZv‡K eyS ‡Z PvBwQ‡jb| Zuv‡`i AwfÁZv I ev¯—eZv‡K †mB Avw½‡K cwiùz U Ki‡Z PvBwQ‡jb| Gi m‡½ wQj †`kxq AvZ¥cwiPq M‡o †Zvjvi w`‡KI †SuvK| †mR‡b¨ †`kxq †jŠwKK‡K AvËxK…Z Kivi †Póv K‡iwQ‡jb Zuviv| gKeyj wd`v û‡mb, cwi‡Zvl †mb, mybxjgvae †mb cÖgyL Pwj­‡ki wkíxi Qwe‡Z GB ˆewkó¨ Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB| RqbyjI †jŠwK‡Ki w`‡K G‡m‡Qb GKUz c‡i, 1950-Gi `k‡K| 1930 I 40-Gi `k‡K ¯^v fvweKZv I cÖ wZ”Qvqvev`x

¯^vfvweKZvi iƒcvqY| †jŠwK‡Ki w`‡K hvÎvi cÖ_g c`‡¶c ejv hvq G‡K| 1953-i K‡qKwU Qwei w`‡K ZvKv‡j †`wL, GB mijxKiY Av‡iv m¤ú~Y©Zvi w`‡K †M‡Q| †jŠwK‡Ki Av`j Avm‡Q Zv‡Z| DׄZ n‡”Q bZzb GK wek¦`„wó| ÔAvqbv wb‡q ea~Õ QwewU †Zji‡Oi iPbv| wKQyUv ¯^vfvweKZvi Abyl½ GLv‡bI Av‡Q| Ô`yB gwnjvÕ, ÔcvBb¨vi gvÕ, ÔMÖvg¨ gwnjvÕ ev ÔgyL PZzóqÕ Ñ GB PviwU Qwei cÖ_g `ywU ¸qvk, Z…ZxqwU Rjis, PZz_©wU †Zji‡Oi iPbv| Gme Qwe‡Z †jŠwKK mvij¨‡K R¨vwgwZKZvq Awfwl³ K‡i †h-iƒc wZwb M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb, Zv hvwgbx iv‡qi Nivbvq Aš—fy©³ n‡jI Zuvi wbR¯^ wek¦`„wói cÖKv‡k D¾¡j| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wkíKjvq Rqbyj GK bZzb D¾xeb Avb‡jb| fviZ ev c~e© cvwK¯—vb Ñ GB Ic‡ii ¯—‡ii ivR‰bwZK wefvRb m‡Ë¡I wk‡íi †¶‡Î ¯^fveZB †miKg †Kv‡bv wefvRb †bB| GK mvgwMÖK RvwZ‰PZb¨ D‡ØvwaZ n‡jv GB Avw½‡Ki ga¨ w`‡q| fvi‡ZI †mB mgq A‡bK wkíx GB ai‡bi KvR Ki‡Qb|

Pvi wPÎ-Avw½‡Ki weeZ©‡bi w`K †_‡K 1950-Gi `kK‡K ejv hvq Rqby‡ji Rxe‡b †jŠwK‡Ki D¾xe‡bi mgq| GZw`b ch©š— AwR©Z cvðv‡Z¨i AvaywbKZvev`x Avw½‡Ki wfwËi Ici †jŠwK‡Ki mvij¨ wg‡k Zuvi DcRvwZ bvix Rjis, cÂv‡ki `kK cieZx© Rxe‡bi wPÎKjvi KvVv‡gvwU M‡o D‡V‡Q| meUvB wba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q mvaviY RxebcÖKv‡ki m‡½ ms‡hv‡Mi wfwˇZ| w`K ev mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q †jvKwkí‡K Zz‡j aivi 1956 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i Pvi“Kjv Bbw÷wUDU kvnev‡M †¶‡ÎI| 1955-i AvM‡÷ XvKvi †m¸bevwMPvq AvU© Bbw÷wUDU fe‡b cÖ_g †jvKwkí-cÖ`k©bx Av‡qvwRZ nq Zvi wbR¯^ fe‡b ¯’vbvš—wiZ nIqvi Av‡MB 25 AvM÷ ZuviB D‡`¨v‡M| 1958-†Z kvnev‡Mi AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡UI iK‡djvi dvD‡Ûk‡bi AvbyK‚‡j¨ GK eQ‡ii Rb¨ wZwb we‡`k åg‡Y hvb| Gevi wZwb Rvcvb wM‡q ïi“ K‡ib| Av‡qvwRZ nq †jvKwkí-cÖ`k©bx| Zuvi GB ch©v‡qi wKQy Qwe †`L‡j †evSv hv‡e GB Zvici hvb hy³ivóª, †gw·‡Kv, KvbvWv, weª‡Ub, Rvg©vwb, cwieZ©‡bi aib| cÖ_‡g †`Lv hvK 1948-Gi `ywU †ejwRqvg, d«vÝ, BZvwj, myBRvij¨vÛ I †¯úb| Gev‡iI †Zji‡Oi Qwe| GKwU N‡ii †fZi gvwU‡Z nuvwo‡Z dzj mvbd«vwÝm‡Kv, IqvwksUb, wbDBqK© I Rvg©vwb‡Z Zuvi wb‡q Kiv w÷jjvBd, Av‡iKwU Ô†Pqv‡i cvViZv †g‡qÕ wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ nq| 1957-i AvM‡÷ †`‡k wd‡i kxl©K M„nvf¨š—‡iiB GKwU Av‡jL¨| ¯^vfvweKZvi m‡½ Av‡mb| wd‡i G‡m Avevi Pvi“Kjv Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Kv‡R †cv÷-Bg‡cÖkwb÷ ixwZ wg‡j M‡o D‡V‡Q GB Qwe `ywU| gb †`b| GLv‡b ïi“‡Z †kLv‡bv n‡Zv ïay wPÎ, QvcwPÎ I GLv‡b Zuvi wbR¯^Zv we‡kl wKQy †bB| Gev‡i 1951-i evwYwR¨K Kjv| µ‡g µ‡g GLvbKvi wk¶Yxq wel‡qi MwÊ K‡qKwU Qwei w`‡K ZvKv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb muvIZvj evwo‡q †Zv‡jb| M‡o I‡V cÖvP¨wkí, g„rwkí, fv¯‹h© I Rxeb wb‡q Kiv wZbwU Qwe| wZbwUB Rji‡Oi| ÔmuvIZvj Kvi“wkí cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v wefvM| GB `¤úwZÕ, Ô`yRb muvIZvj igYxÕ I ÔmuvIZvj cwieviÕ| cÖwZôv‡bi ga¨ w`‡q ïay wKQy wkíx ˆZwi KivB Zuvi D‡Ïk¨ wZbwUB †iLvi cÖvav‡b¨ Mov LvwbKUv mijxK…Z wQj bv| wZwb PvBwQ‡jb mgMÖ †`‡ki gvby‡li wkíi“wP‡K 63

DbœZ K‡i Zzj‡Z| †jvKwkí-m¤úwK©Z M‡elYv GiB GKwU A½| Gev‡iI we‡`k †_‡K wd‡i G‡m wZwb Dcjwä K‡ib †h, †`kxq wk‡íi wbR¯^ PwiÎ bv _vK‡j we‡k¦i †cÖ¶vc‡U Zv ¸i“Z¡ cvq bv| evsjv‡`‡ki wk‡íi GB ¯^vZ‡š¿¨i w`KwU wb‡q Av‡ew`b A‡bK †f‡e‡Qb Ges wb‡Ri Qwe‡ZI wZwb Zv K‡i †`Lv‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb| 1959 mv‡j wZwb cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K `ywU m¤§vbRbK Dcvwa cvb ÔcÖvBW Ae cvidig¨vÝÕ Ges Ôwnjvj-B-BgwZqvRÕ| †k‡lv³wU cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡e©v”P mvs¯‹…wZK ¯^xK…wZ| 1961 mv‡j wZwb †mvwf‡qZ miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K †mB †`k åg‡Yi Avgš¿Y cvb| Gi Av‡M `yevi we‡`khvÎvq †mvwf‡qZ Zuvi hvIqv nqwb| Gev‡i †`o gv‡mi md‡i IB †`‡ki Rxeb I wkí ch©‡e¶Y K‡ib| g‡¯‹v‡Z Zuvi Qwei GKwU cÖ`k©bxI nq| 1964 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi †c‡kvqvi wek¦we`¨vj‡q wkíKjv wefvM †Lvjvi Rb¨ Zuv‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq| mvZ gvm †mLv‡b †_‡K IB KvR mdjfv‡e m¤úbœ K‡i 1965-i †deª“qvwi‡Z wZwb †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb| 1967 mv‡ji 4 b‡f¤^i Av‡ew`b XvKvi dvBb AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Aa¨¶ c` †_‡K †¯^” Qvq AemiMÖ nY K‡ib| we`vqKv‡j IB cÖwZôv‡bi QvÎiv

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

64

Avw½K‡K wgwj‡q wb‡q †`kxq ev¯—eZv‡K iƒc †`Iqvi w`‡KB wQj Zuvi †SuvK| QvÎve¯’v‡ZB Zuvi cÖKiY-Ávb †h Lye wbcyY wQj, Zv †evSv hvq †mB mg‡qi Qwe †`L‡j| `„óvš— wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv hvq 1934 mv‡j †Zji‡O AuvKv GKwU Qwei| wk‡ivbvg Ôdmj gvovBÕ| G‡Kev‡i MÖv‡gi K…lK cwiev‡ii Kgx© gvby‡li avb gvovB‡qi `„k¨| ¯^vfvweKZvi Avw½‡K AuvKv| ¯^vfvweKZvev`x cwi‡cÖw¶Z ev cvm©‡cKwU‡fi e¨envi i‡q‡Q mywbcyY| gvbyl ev Ab¨vb¨ Aeqe wÎgvwÎKfv‡e Dc¯’vwcZ| K…l‡Ki KzwUi, av‡bi †Mvjv †cQ‡b| `~‡i MvQ, mv`v ki‡Zi †g‡N fiv AvKvk †`Lv hvq| m¤§yLc‡U cyi“l I bvixiv avb gvovB Ki‡Q| GKwU †gviM dm‡ji `vbv Lyu‡U Lyu‡U Lv‡”Q| mvqv‡ýi Av‡jv G‡m c‡o‡Q mgMÖ cwigʇj| Zv‡Z K…l‡Ki ˆ`bw›`b Awbe©Pbxq n‡q D‡V‡Q| G-Qwe ZZUv cÖwZ”Qvqvev`xI bq| wbIwiqvwj÷ Avw½‡K wkíx ai‡Z †P‡q‡Qb MÖvgevsjvi GKwU `„k¨‡K| ¯^KxqZv we‡kl †bB| Z‡e 20 eQi eq‡mi c‡¶ †ek `¶ KvR| GB `¶Zv µgvš^‡q cwikxwjZ n‡q‡Q| 1934-GiB Ôebvbx `ygKvÕ kxl©K GKwU Rji‡Oi Qwe‡Z †`Lv hvq Ñ †Kgb K‡i wZwb cÖwZ”Qvqvev`‡K AvZ¥¯’ Ki‡Qb| AvU© ¯‹zj I AvU© ¯‹zj-cieZx© mg‡q Rjis gva¨gwU‡Z wZwb we‡kl `¶Zv AR©b K‡ib Ges cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x Avw½‡KI| 1938 mv‡j ÔAb A¨vÛ Ifvi `¨ eªþcyÎÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU wPÎgvjv K‡ib Rji‡O| GiB GKwU Qwe Zuv‡K A¨vKv‡Wwg Ae dvBb AvU©‡mi evwl©K cÖ`k©bx‡Z ¯^Y©c`K G‡b †`q| GB Qwe¸wji welq wQj †R‡j‡`i gvQ aiv, Rvj ïKv‡bv, k¤¢yMÄ weªR, nvmcvZvj I †Lqv cvivevi, b`xcv‡ii Kvkeb, R‡j cÖwZdwjZ b`xZxieZx© MvQ BZ¨vw`| evsjvi cÖv‡Yi †fZi cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb wZwb G-mg‡q| 1943-Gi GKwU †Zji‡OI K¨vbfv‡m wZwb Gu‡K‡Qb GKwU Pv‡qi †`vKv‡bi Af¨š—‡ii Qwe| m¤§yLc‡U †Uwe‡ji Ici nv‡Z fi w`‡q gyL wbPz K‡i `uvwo‡q Av‡Q GK hyeK| Awfe¨w³‡Z ¯—äZv i‡q‡Q| Avw½‡K i‡q‡Q DËi-cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x †mRvbxq AvqZbgq NbZ¡| mgm¨vmsKzj bvMwiK ev¯—eZvi †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Qb wZwb| GiB P~ovš— cwiYwZ Zuvi gš^š—i wPÎgvjv| mivmwi ev¯—eZv‡K we‡k­lY Ki‡jb wkíx| P‡j G‡jb †iLvwfwËK Awfe¨w³ev`x Avw½‡K| Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Zuvi fv‡jvevmv `xß cÖwZev`x iƒc cwiMÖn Kij|

AvU© ¯‹zj I AvU© ¯‹zj-cieZx© mg‡q Rjis gva¨gwU‡Z wZwb we‡kl `¶Zv AR©b K‡ib Ges cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x Avw½‡KI| 1938 mv‡j ÔAb A¨vÛ Ifvi `¨ eªþcyÎÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU wPÎgvjv K‡ib Rji‡O| GiB GKwU Qwe Zuv‡K A¨vKv‡Wwg Ae dvBb AvU©‡mi evwl©K cÖ`k©bx‡Z ¯^Y©c`K G‡b †`q|

wQj| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mivmwi KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i m`m¨ wQ‡jb bv| wKš‘ GB cÖMwZkxj Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ Zuvi cÖZ¨¶ ms‡hvM wQj| †Mvcvj nvj`vi, Kwe †Mvjvg KzÏym, k¤¢y wgÎ, weRb fÆvPvh©, gwYKzÊjv †mb, myKvš— fÆvPvh© cÖgyL Kwe, wkíx, mvwnwZ¨‡Ki m‡½ Zuvi NwbôZv M‡o D‡VwQj| Zuviv Zuvi 14 b¤^i mvK©vm †iv-i evmvq wbqwgZ Avm‡Zb| 1944-Gi A‡±ve‡i weRb fÆvPv‡h©i `ywf©¶wfwËK bvUK bevbœ cÖ_g g¯’ nq| †mB Awfb‡q Rqbyj Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| 1945 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m KjKvZvi gn¤§` Avwj cv‡K© d¨vwmwe‡ivax †jLK I wkíx ms‡Ni Z…Z xq m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq| †mB Abyô v‡b GKwU wPÎ-cÖ`k©bxI Av‡qvwRZ nq| Rqby‡ji `ywf©¶ wPÎgvjv wQj †mB cÖ`k©bx‡Z| ¯^vaxbZv-Av‡›`vjb hZ G‡Mv‡Z _v‡K, ZZB bvbviKg mvgvwRK msnwZi cvkvcvwk wn›`y I gymjgvb GB `yB agx©q m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ we‡f`I Nbxf~Z n‡Z _v‡K| GB we‡f` P~ovš— iƒc †bq 1946-Gi mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½vq| Gi cÖfve c‡o wk‡íi †¶‡ÎI| 1946-Gi †kl w`‡K gymjgvb wkíx‡`i Qwe wb‡q Avjv`v cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ nq KjKvZvi Bmjvwgqv K‡j‡R| Rqbyj wQ‡jb GB cÖ`k©bxi cÖavb wkíx| wew”Qbœfv‡e G-cÖ`k©bxwU wZb bv nIqvB nq‡Zv wk‡íi msnwZi c‡¶ fv‡jv wQj| GiKg GKwU Akvš— cwigʇji g‡a¨B 1946-Gi 8 1943-Gi gš^š—‡ii ci 1947-Gi ¯^vaxbZvjvf ch©š— fviZe‡l©i mvgwiK I ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ bvbv msNvZ I A‡±vei Rqbyj Av‡ew`b we‡q K‡ib XvKvi ˆZqeDwÏb Uvbvc‡o‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ nw”Qj| KjKvZv Z_v Avng‡`i Z…Zxqv Kb¨v Rvnvbviv Avng`‡K (Rb¥ 1931)| mviv evsjvi ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©m~wP‡Z KwgDwb÷ Rvnvbvivi eqm ZLb 15 eQi| Rqby‡ji cÖvq 32| cvwU© I d¨vwmwe‡ivax †jLK I wkíxms‡Ni ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv Rqbyj ZLb 1940-Gi `k‡Ki cÖavb GK fviZxq wkíx 61

wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv †c‡q‡Qb| †`‡k I we‡`‡k †hme ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cÖ`k©bx n‡”Q, Zv‡Z wZwb AskMÖnY Ki‡Qb| †hgb Ñ 1946-Gi b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^‡i BD‡b‡¯‹vi D‡`¨v‡M c¨vwi‡m †h Avš—R©vwZK AvaywbK wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx nq, Zv‡Z fviZxq wkíx‡`i g‡a¨ wZwbI wQ‡jb| 1947-Gi gv‡P© w`wj­i AvBd¨vK‡m Avš—tGkxq wkí-cÖ`k©bx nq| †mLv‡b Zuvi Ôkvje„¶ivwRi ga¨ w`‡qÕ wk‡ivbv‡gi GKwU Qwe Rji‡O wØZxq cyi¯‹vi AR©b K‡i| †m-eQiB jÛ‡bi evwj©sUb nvD‡m AbywôZ nq AvaywbK fviZxq wkíx‡`i cÖ`k©bx| Zv‡ZI Rqbyj AskMÖnY K‡ib| ZLbKvi mv¤cÖ`vwqK we‡f‡`i cwigʇji cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z G-K_v ejv hvq †h, wkíKjv wQj GiKg msKxY© we‡f‡`i E‡aŸ©| GB msnwZi GKUv cwimi Rqby‡ji Qwei ga¨ w`‡qI cwiùzU n‡q‡Q| GiKg msNvZ I msnwZi Uvbvc‡o‡bi cwigʇji g‡a¨ 1947-Gi 15 AvM÷ fviZel© ivR‰bwZKfv‡e ¯^vaxb Ges wefvwRZI n‡jv| NUbvwU Rqby‡ji Rxe‡b Ges fviZxq wk‡íi †¶‡ÎI ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Rqbyj ZLb KjKvZv‡Z e‡mB Qwe AuvK‡Qb, PvKwiI Ki‡Qb Mfb©‡g›U AvU© ¯‹z‡j| †`kfv‡Mi d‡j Zuv‡K wm×vš— wb‡Z n‡jv Ñ Icvi evsjvq ev c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b P‡j hvIqvi| Zuvi c‡¶ Aek¨ GB wm×vš—B ¯^vfvweK| †Kbbv ILv‡bB Zuvi Rb¥ Ges I‡`‡ki m‡½B Zuvi bvwoi †hvM| 1947-Gi AvM‡÷B wZwb GLvbKvi PvKwi †Q‡o XvKvq hvb| Ges ILvbKvi bigvj †Uªwbs ¯‹z‡j Wªwqs wUPv‡ii PvKwi‡Z †hvM †`b| wZwb GKvB bb, †mB mgq KjKvZvi Mfb©‡g›U AvU© ¯‹z‡j †hme gymjgvb wk¶K wQ‡jb, ZuvivI c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b P‡j hvb| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb nvweeyi ingvb, kwddzj Avgxb, Av‡bvqvi“j nK, mwdDÏxb Avn‡g`, ˆmq` Avjx Avnmvb cÖgyL| XvKvq Avmvi ci Rqby‡ji cÖavb K…wZZ¡ ILv‡b GKwU wkíwk¶v cÖwZôvb M‡o †Zvjv| 1948-Gi b‡f¤^‡i M‡o I‡V Mfb©‡g›U Bbw÷wUDU Ae dvBb AvU©| wZwb Zuvi Aa¨¶ wbhy³ nb| wKš‘ ZLb Zuv‡K P‡j †h‡Z n‡qwQj cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi KivwP| †mLv‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii Z_¨ I †eZvi wefv‡Mi cÖPvi kvLvi wWRvBbvi wbhy³ n‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| 1948-Gi AvM÷ †_‡K 1949-Gi †deª“qvwi ch©š— †mB `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 28 gvP© XvKvq wd‡i wZwb AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Aa¨¶ c‡` †hvM †`b| BwZg‡a¨ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b gymwjg AvZ¥cwiPq mÜv‡bi GKwU cÖwµqvI PjwQj| Zvi m‡½I wb‡R‡K hy³ †i‡L‡Qb Rqbyj| 1948-Gi 14 AvM÷ cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖ_g ¯^vaxbZv w`em Dcj‡¶ Av‡qvwRZ n‡qwQj wfbœ ai‡bi GK cÖ`k©bx| fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k gymwjg K…wZ‡Z¡i welqwU ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z GKwU †cv÷vi cÖ`k©bxi cwiKíbv Kiv nq| †mme †cv÷v‡ii welq wQj fviZe‡l© gymwjg AvwacZ¨ we¯—v‡ii ïi“ †_‡K A_©vr myjZvb gvngy‡`i w`wj­ weRq †_‡K gn¤§` Avwj wRbœvi cvwK¯—vb M‡o †Rjv ch©š— gymwjg K…wZ‡Z¡i w`KwPý¸wj| Gme †cv÷v‡ii Wªwqs¸wj 62

K‡ib Rqbyj Av‡ew`b| GB gymwjg AvZ¥cwiPq †_‡K evOvwj AvZ¥cwiP‡qi ga¨ w`‡q mvgwMÖKfv‡e mvgwiK AvZ¥cwiPq mÂvjbB c~e© cvwK¯—vb Z_v evsjv‡`‡ki mvs¯‹…wZK Kvh©µ‡gi cÖavb GK cÖKí, GB cÖK‡íi m‡½ wbweofv‡e hy³ wQ‡jb Rqbyj| evsjvi wkíKjvq GUvB Zuvi cÖavb GK Ae`vb| cvwK¯—vb m„wói cieZx© eQi¸wj‡Z agx©q †gŠjev`x Avwac‡Z¨i cÖfv‡e †mLv‡b wkíPP©vi cwigÊjwU wQj LyeB msKxY©| GB wei“×Zvi m‡½ msMÖvg Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q Zuv‡K| wZwb †Póv K‡i‡Qb ms¯‹…wZ-PP©vi Ab¨ †¶Î¸wj‡K wkíPP©vi m‡½ hy³ Ki‡Z| Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡`i m‡½ mw¤§wjZfv‡e bvbv cÖKí m„wói †Póv K‡i‡Qb| wkíKjv m¤ú‡K© mvaviY gvbyl‡K AvMÖnx K‡i Zzj‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb| AvU© Bbw÷wUDU µ‡g eo n‡q DV‡Z _v‡K| eo cwim‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nq| 1952 mv‡j XvKvi †m¸bevwMPvq bZzb evwo ˆZwi nq| †mLv‡b Bbw÷wUDU m¤cÖmvwiZ nq| 1956-†Z Pvi“Kjv Bbw÷wUDU Avevi ¯’vbvš—wiZ nq XvKvi kvnev‡M Zvi wbR¯^ fe‡b| wkí we¯—v‡ii Ab¨Zg cÖqvm wn‡m‡e 1950-G wZwb M‡o †Zv‡jb ÔXvKv AvU© MÖ“cÕ, 1951 I 52-†Z †mB MÖ“‡ci `ywU cÖ`k©bx nq XvKvq| Zv‡Z mvaviY gvby‡li A‡bKUvB mvov †g‡j| 1951 mv‡ji 3 AvM÷ Rqbyj KgbI‡qj_ ¯‹jviwkc †c‡q Bsj¨v‡Û hvb| jÛ‡bi Ô†¯­W ¯‹zj Ae Av‡U©Õ D”PZi cÖwk¶Y †bb| †mLv‡b wZwb g~jZ QvcwPÎ †k‡Lb Rb evKj¨vÛ ivB‡Ui Aax‡b| GB mgq wZwb BD‡iv‡c we¯—„Z ågY K‡ib| weª‡Ub, d«vÝ, †¯úb, BZvwj I Zzi‡¯‹i wewfbœ wgDwRqvg Ny‡i †`‡Lb| wewfbœ gvby‡li m‡½ wkíKjv m¤ú‡K© gZwewbgq K‡ib| jÛ‡b Zuvi `ywU cÖ`k©bxI AbywôZ nq| G-cÖ`k©bx Dcj‡¶ cvðv‡Z¨i wkíZvwË¡Kiv Zuvi Qwe wb‡q †j‡Lb| GwiK wbDUb, W. †iBRvi, W. †iwMbvì †j †g, Rb AKj¨vÛ ivBU, gwim KwjÝ cÖgy‡Li †jLv wb‡q GKwU cyw¯—Kv cÖKvwkZ nq| 1952 mv‡j †fwb‡m BD‡b‡¯‹vi D‡`¨v‡M GKwU Avš—R©vwZK wkím‡¤§jb Av‡qvwRZ nq| †mLv‡b wZwb cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e †hvM †`b| 1952-i AvM‡÷ wZwb †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb| †`‡k wd‡i Avmvi ci Zuvi wkí-fvebvq e¨vcK cwieZ©b nq| wbweó I we¯—„Zfv‡e cvðvZ¨wkí †`Lvi ci Zvi wK g‡b n‡qwQj IB c‡_ wM‡q cÖvP¨wk‡íi †Kv‡bv gyw³ †bB? AvZ¥cwiPq AR©‡bi Rb¨ †`kxq ˆPZb¨‡K Zz‡j aiv GKvš— Ri“wi| Pwj­‡ki wkíx‡`i GUvI GKUv ˆewkó¨ †h, Zuviv cvðvZ¨ AvaywbKZv‡K AvËxK…Z Ki‡Z Ki‡ZB Abyfe K‡i‡Qb †`kxq †jŠwK‡Ki Mfx‡i cÖ‡ek KivI Zuv‡`i Awbevh© `vq| fviZe‡l© gKeyj wd`v û‡mb †hgb †mUv Dcjwä K‡i‡Qb, †Zgwb K‡i‡Qb cwi‡Zvl †mb, mybxjgvae †mb, i_xb wgÎ, ev cÖvYK…ò cv‡ji g‡Zv Pwj­‡ki wkíxiv| RqbyjI †`‡k wd‡i †jvKwk‡íi D¾xe‡bi w`‡K gb †`b| ïay wb‡Ri PP©vq bq, mvsMVwbK

Rqbyj Av‡ew`b : cw_K…r wZwb bvbvfv‡e bRi“j Bmjvg

wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx Dcj‡¶ evievi Avgvi G-K_vwUB g‡b RvM‡Q †h, evsjv‡`‡ki wkí I ms¯‹…wZi RM‡Z wZwb KZfv‡eB bv cw_K…‡Zi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Qb| cÖvq cÖwZwU †¶‡ÎB ¯§iYxq Ae`vb †i‡L †M‡Qb| wkíx wn‡m‡e †hgb, †Zgwb wkí-msMVK wn‡m‡eI| Avgvi Av‡jvPbvwU `y‡Uv As‡k Dc¯’vcb Kie Ñ cÖ_‡g wkíx wn‡m‡e Zuvi cw_K…‡Zi f~wgKvi welq, wØZxq As‡k wkí I ms¯‹…wZi wewfbœ †¶‡Î Zuvi D‡`¨vMx I w`kvwi f~wgKvi wel‡q| MZ eQi †e½j dvD‡Ûkb I BZvwji cÖL¨vZ cÖKvkbv ms¯’v w¯‹iv (Skira), †hŠ_fv‡e Zainul Abedin wk‡ivbv‡gi †h-¸i“Z¡c~Y© MÖš’wU cÖKvk K‡i‡Q, Zv‡Z Avgvi GKwU iPbv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| iPbvwUi Avwg wk‡ivbvg w`‡qwQjvg Zainul Abedin : Pioneer of Modern Art in Bangladesh. m¤úv`K wk‡ivbvgwU wKQy Uv e`‡j w`‡q K‡i‡Qb, Zainul Abedin : Pioneering Modern Art

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

67

in Bangladesh. Zuvi †`Iqv wk‡ivbvgwU AwaKZi

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Bs‡K Zzwji Uv‡bi †iLv mg„× Qwe †h GZ evO&gq n‡Z cv‡i, Zv Rqby‡ji `ywf©¶-wPÎgvjv bv †`L‡j wek¦vm n‡Zv bv| GKwU, `y-wZbwU ev PviwU gvÎ Qwe bq, cÖvq wZwikwU Qwe Auv‡Kb wZwb GB avivq| ev¯—eev`x Avw½K n‡jI cÖZx‡P¨i Avw½KI bq, c~e© Gkxq avivI bq, eis mewKQyi mvigg© †hb e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q GB wPÎgvjvq| `ywf©¶ wPÎgvjvi gva¨‡g Rqbyj e³e¨cÖavb I wbR¯^ Avw½‡Ki wkí m„wó K‡i wkí-HwZ‡n¨ cw_K…‡Zi f~wgKv †i‡L‡Qb, ¯’vqx Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| Avgvi Kv‡Q 1943-Gi Rqby‡ji `ywf©¶ wPÎgvjv 1921-Gi KvRx bRi“‡ji Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi g‡Zv wec­evZ¥K m„wói `„óvš— g‡b nq| e³e¨, Avw½K I ˆkjx mewKQy‡ZB AmvaviY wewkóZv| cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki ïi“‡Z Rqbyj †hme Rjis Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb, evsjvi cÖK…wZ (ÔKvj‰ekvLx SoÕ) A_ev K…wl ms¯‹…wZi (ÔgB †`qvÕ), Zv‡ZI gva¨g PP©v I K‡¤úvwRkb wbg©v‡Y AmvaviY †gŠwjK‡Z¡i ¯^v¶i †i‡L‡Qb| GKB `k‡Ki cÖvq gvSvgvwS G‡m wZwb Avevi cw_K…r wkíxi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Qb, Z‡e c~e© evsjvi †jvKwkí-HwZ‡n¨i m‡½ AvaywbK wk‡íi mgš^q K‡i GKwU wmwiR Gu‡K| ÔcvBbvi gvÕ, Ôbe ea~, Ôcj­x RbbxÕ, Ô`yB igYxÕ, ÔcÖmvabiZ bvixÕ BZ¨vw` AvcvZ †ivgvw›UK †gRv‡Ri Kv‡R †jvKR I AvaywbK avivi mgwš^Z Avw½K Rqby‡ji Ab¨Zg cw_K…r wPÎixwZi `„óvš—| evsjvi wPÎKjvi AvaywbKZvi g~j kw³ n‡e †jvKR HwZn¨, Ggb wek¦vm †_‡K Rqbyj GB mgš^qx avivwUi PP©v ïi“ K‡iwQ‡jb| Zuvi KjKvZvi wkl¨ I XvKvi mnhvÎx Kvgi“j nvmvbI cÖvq KvQvKvwQ mg‡q GiKg mgš^qx aviv wb‡q wbix¶vagx© KvR K‡i‡Qb Ges AmvaviY mdj wkíwb`k©b †i‡L †M‡Qb| cieZx©Kv‡j Ave`ym kvKzi I Ab¨ K‡qKRb Zi“Y wkíx †jvKR HwZn¨ I AvaywbK wkíixwZi mgš^qx my›`i KvR K‡i‡Qb; wKš‘ c_cÖ`k©K wQ‡jb RqbyjB| Rqby‡ji XvKv AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui cÖ_g c‡e©i QvÎiv cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki ïi“ †_‡KB wPÎKjvq D”Pwk¶vi Rb¨ BD‡ivc I Av‡gwiKvq hvb Ges ga¨ `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS mgq †_‡K †`‡k wdi‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| Gw`K †_‡K Aek¨ Zi“YivB Rqby‡ji c~e©m~wi| b‡fiv Avng` (wZwb Rqby‡ji QvÎx wQ‡jb bv) G‡`‡ki cw_K…r wQ‡jb cwð‡g (jÛb) wM‡q wkíwk¶v MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î (1950), cÖvq KvQvKvwQ mg‡q Rqby‡ji QvÎ nvwg`yi ingvb BD‡ivc (c¨vwim) hvb| Rqbyj XvKv AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui Aa¨‡¶i `vwqZ¡ wb‡qwQ‡jb 1949 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m| Zvi `yeQ‡ii g‡a¨ wZwb D”PZi wk¶vi Rb¨ e„wË wb‡q jÛb hvb 1951 mv‡ji AvM‡÷| jÛb, c¨vwimmn BD‡iv‡ci AvaywbK wPÎKjvi †K›`ª I wewkó wkíx‡`i m‡½ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e cwiwPZ nIqvi my‡hvM cvb| e¯‘Z ZLy wb wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki †jvK wkí-HwZ‡n¨i ¸i“Z¡ Abyaveb K‡ib,

Zuv‡K ÔwkívPvh©Õ m¤§v‡b f~wlZ K‡i| Gici †_‡K wZwb GB Dcvwa‡ZB cwiwPZ n‡q G‡m‡Qb| 1968 mv‡j cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii †Uwjwfkb, wdj¥ I cvewj‡Kkb wefv‡Mi mv¤§vwbK wkí-Dc‡`óv wbhy³ nb| GB mgq wZwb †ewki fvM KivwP‡ZB _vK‡Zb| 1970 mv‡ji †kl ch©š— wZwb GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1968 †_‡K 1971 ch©š— c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi BwZnv‡m LyeB Zvrch©c~Y© mgq| cvwK¯—v ‡bi `yb x©wZg~jK I wbcxobg~jK kvm‡bi wei“‡× c~e© cvwK¯—vbRy‡o Av‡›`vjb †R‡M I‡V GB mg‡q| evOvwj RvwZ ¯^vwaKvi AR©‡bi Rb¨ HK¨e× Ges RxebcY msMÖv‡g eªZx nq| 1971-Gi 25 gvP© †_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i evOvwji gyw³hy× ZxeªZi nq| Gi cwiYwZ‡Z M‡o I‡V ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k, 1971-Gi †deª“qvwi‡Z Rqbyj cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii †`Iqv Ôwnjvj-B-BgwZqvRÕ Dcvwa cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib| 1970-Gi 12 †deª“qvwi XvKvq ÔbevbœÕ kxl©K GK eo cÖ`k©bx Av‡qvwRZ n‡qwQj| G-cÖ`k©bxi Rb¨ wZwb 65 dzU `xN© I 6 dzU cÖ‡¯’i wekvj GK ¯ŒjwPÎ A¼b K‡ib| Gi †fZi w`‡q c~e©e‡½i RbRxe‡bi mg¯— w`K wZwb Zz‡j a‡ib| evsjvi cÖK…wZ, evOvwji †jvKvPvi, bvbv cÖwZK‚jZvi m‡½ hy× K‡i Zuv‡`i †eu‡P _vKv Ñ mg¯—B wZwb Zz‡j a‡ib GB Qwe‡Z| Zuvi †`kvZ¥‡eva I Avw½K-fvebvi gnvKvwe¨K cÖKvk N‡U GLv‡b| †jŠwK‡Ki m‡½ cvðvZ¨-AvaywbKZvev`x ixwZi mgš^‡q M‡o IVv Zuvi †h wbR¯^ Avw½Kc×wZ Ñ Gi †kªô cÖKvk †`Lv hvq GLv‡b| IB eQiB wZwb Gu‡KwQ‡jb Av‡iKwU ¯ŒjwPÎ| 1970 mv‡ji 11 b‡f¤^i c~e©e‡½i DcK‚jxq A‡j wecyj mvgyw`ªK So I R‡jv”Q¡v‡m eû gvby‡li cÖvYnvwb nq| eû Nievwo, M„ncvwjZ cï aŸsm nq| aŸs‡mi GB ZvÊe †`‡L Rqbyj Gu‡KwQ‡jb Avi GKwU eo Qwe| Zvi bvg Ôgbcyiv Õ70Õ| 30 dzU `xN© GB Qwe‡Z wkíx eY©bv K‡ib GB aŸsmjxjvi Pv¶zl AwfÁZv| D‡V Av‡m cÖK…wZi cÖwZK‚jZvi wei“‡× msMÖv‡g wjß evOvwji Rxe‡bi Av‡jL¨| ÔbevbœÕ I ÔgbcyivÕ Ñ IB `ywU Qwe‡Z aiv Av‡Q wkíxi cwiYZ c‡e©i gb‡bi iƒc‡iLv| Kxfv‡e wZwb †`‡L‡Qb Zuvi †`k‡K, Kx †f‡e‡Qb †`‡ki Rxebaviv, gbb I wkwíZ cÖKvk wb‡q Ñ ZviB `wjj GB `ywU wPÎ| Zuvi †kªô Kv‡Ri Ab¨Zg| wkíxRxe‡bi ïi“‡Z gš^š—i wP‡Îi ga¨ w`‡q gvbweK wech©‡qi †h-avivweeiYx wZwb Zz‡j a‡iwQ‡jb, †mB wech©‡qiB Av‡iK w`K aiv c‡o‡Q ÔgbcyivÕ wPÎgvjvq| Avi ÔbevbœÕ‡Z `yt‡Li g‡a¨I wZwb Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyw³i w`kv| evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci bZzb D`¨‡g wZwb evOvwj RvwZi AvZ¥cwiPq Zz‡j aivi Kv‡R eªZx nb| 1972 mv‡ji ïi“‡Z bZzb msweavb iPbvi KvR hLb Avi¤¢ nq, ZLb AjsKi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ c‡o Zuvi Ici| †jŠwKK wk‡íi Avw½K w`‡qB wZwb †mB AjsKi‡Yi KvR mgvav K‡ib| bKwkKuv_v e¨envi K‡ib †mB MÖ‡š’i cy¯—vwb ˆZwi‡Z| IB

eQ‡ii †deª“qvwi‡Z wZwb Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob| AvswkK c¶vNv‡Z Avµvš— nq Zuvi gyL| wPwKrmvi Rb¨ jÛ‡b hvb| gyw³hy‡× wkï-wK‡kviiv †h-Qwe Gu‡KwQj, Zv wb‡q hvb m‡½ K‡i| jÛ‡bi KgbI‡qj_ Bbw÷wUD‡U cÖ`k©bx K‡ib| 1973-Gi b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^‡i evsjv‡`‡ki wkíx‡`i GKwU cÖ`k©bx wb‡q fvi‡Z Av‡mb| KjKvZv-gy¤^vB I w`wj­‡Z cÖ`k©bx nq| GB `‡ji †bZ…Z¡ †`b wZwb| Rxe‡bi Awš—g c‡e© Zuvi Qwei aib †Kgb wQj Ñ Zv eyS‡Z K‡qKwU Qwei D‡j­L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i †cÖ¶vc‡U wZwb A‡bK Qwe Gu‡KwQ‡jb| Zvi GKwUi wk‡ivbvg Ôexi gyw³‡hv×vÕ| Kj‡gi †iLv I Kvwj-Zzwji †Qv‡c AuvKv G-QwewU‡Z A¯¿nv‡Z msMÖvgx wKQy gvbyl‡K Qy‡U †h‡Z †`Lv hv‡”Q| Aeqe MV‡b ewjô ¯^vfvweKZvev`x Avw½K‡K cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x ixwZ‡Z iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i cÖKv‡k G‡b‡Qb Amvgvb¨ R½gZv I ewjôZv| †iLv‡ZB †h Zuvi Qwei kw³, †evSv hvq G-Qwe †`L‡j| Av‡Mi eQi 1970-Gi 27 †g Auv‡Kb Ôwdwjw¯—wb hy× kiYv_x©Õ bv‡gi GKwU Qwe| meUvB †iLvi web¨v‡m web¨¯—| wkï‡Kv‡j bvixi welYœZv‡K Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb wQbœ-wQbœ †iLvi mgv‡e‡k| GB R½gZv, GB AwZev`x †PZbv‡K Rqbyj a‡ib †iLvi fvlvq cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x ixwZ‡K AvZ¥gMœZvq Awfwl³ K‡i| 1974-Gi GKwU Rjis Ñ Ô†R‡j †bŠKvÕ cÖK…wZi mylgv‡K aivi `„óvš—| QwewU Gu‡KwQ‡jb 28 RyjvB g‡¯‹v‡Z e‡m| ¯§„wZ †_‡K AuvKv GK b`xi wbmM©| †cÖ¶vc‡U wecyj AvKvk Avi b`x w`M‡š— wg‡k‡Q| m¤§yLc‡U AeevwnKvq R‡j fvm‡Q mvwie× †R‡j †bŠKv| cÖwZ”Qvqvev`x ixwZi GK mylgvgq `„óvš— GB Qwe| A‡bK Av‡M 1963 mv‡j AuvKv Ôb`xÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GiKg Av‡iKwU Qwe hw` †`wL Ñ Zvn‡j †evSv hvq Ñ iƒcvq‡Yi aib Lye GKUv cvjUvqwb| GB †hgb Zuvi cÖKv‡ki GK aib, †Zgwb Avi GK ai‡bi `„óvš— wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv hvq 1976-G AuvKv †Zji‡Oi Qwe Ô÷ªvMjÕ| GKwU Mi“i Mvwoi PvKv Kv`vq e‡m †M‡Q| Mvwoi PvjK wecyj kw³‡Z †V‡j PvKv Nywi‡q MvwowU GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z PvB‡Q| mvg‡b ej` `ywUI †hb Zuvi †mB cÖqv‡m mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki mvaviY gvby‡li †h-msMÖvg cÖwZK‚jZvi wei“‡×, mvgvwRK-ivR‰bwZK bvbv †kvl‡Yi wei“‡× Ñ ZviB cÖZxK †hb GB Qwe| gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKvi G-msMÖvgB Rqby‡ji wPÎxq AwfhvÎvi cÖavb Awš^ó I j¶¨| 1975-Gi †m‡Þ¤^‡i wZwb Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob| dzmdz‡m K¨vÝvi aiv c‡o| A‡bK wPwKrmv‡ZI †Kv‡bv dj nq bv| 1976-Gi 28 †g 62 eQi eq‡m Zuvi Rxeb mgvß nq| †kl QwewU Gu‡KwQ‡jb 1974-Gi 7 †g, Zzwji †iLvq AuvKv cvkvcvwk `ywU gyL| bexb, `xß, †hŠe‡bi cÖwZkÖ“wZ‡Z fiv| mg¯— msMÖv‡gi g‡a¨ GB Avkvi Av‡jvKwkLvB Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi wP·PZbvi †K›`ªxq mZ¨| †`kvZ¥‡eva Zuvi wkíxmËvi cÖavb ˆewkó¨| GB †`kvZ¥‡ev‡ai wek¦MZ iƒc Luy‡R‡Qb wZwb mviv Rxeb|  65

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Av‡ew`b| KjKvZv AvU© ¯‹z‡ji wk¶v`x¶vi wfZUv ˆZwi n‡qwQj Ebwesk kZKxq weªwUk A¨vKv‡WwgK mvD_ †KbwmsUbxq ¯‹z‡ji Av`‡k©, Dcwb‡e‡ki cÖ‡qvRb g‡b †i‡L| gvby‡li mR©b-cÖwZfv weKv‡k mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ bq| `„k¨gvb ewnR©M‡Z hv Pg©P‡¶ †`Lv hvq, KvMR A_ev Kvco wKsev †ev‡W©i c‡U, †cbwmj Kjg KvVKqjv A_ev Rjis Zzwj wKsev †Zjis Zzwj w`‡q ZviB GK weågvZ¥K weeiY Dc¯’vcb Pv¶zl K‡i †Zvjv G wk¶v`x¶vq †kÖq wQj| weªwUkkvwmZ evsjvi wk¶v `dZ‡ii cyi‡bv bw_‡Z †`Lv hvq, IB wk¶vi Ab¨Zg g~j wk¶Yxq welq wn‡m‡e ÔWªBs Bb jvBU A¨vÛ †kWÕ (WªBs DB_ jvBb bq) KZUv ¸i“Z¡ †cZ| e¯‘we¤^ MV‡b mxgv ev msÁv †iLv‡K n‡Z n‡Zv GK Drm †_‡K Avmv Av‡jvq †`Lv e¯‘mxgvi Abyiƒc, Avi e¯‘i Nb‡Z¡i weåg `„wóMÖvn¨ K‡i †Zvjv n‡Zv e¯‘-kix‡i IB Drm †_‡K Avmv Av‡jvi Avi Qvqvi ZviZg¨ m¤úv`b K‡i| wPÎc‡U G-wbq‡g AuvKv we‡¤^i mgvnvi NUv‡bv n‡Zv Ggb K‡i hv‡Z †mB b¨vm RMr-m¤¢e †Kv‡bv NUbv ev Ae¯’vi weeiY †`q| G-wkív`‡k© iwPZ Qwei ¸Yv¸Y I iPwqZvi `¶Zv wePvi mnR| nq‡Zv wkíg~j¨ wePvi bq| `¶Zv¸‡Y gd¯^j-AvMZ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Zuvi cuwPk eQi eqmKv‡ji Av‡MB n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb K…Zx wk¶K| wKš‘ wk¶KZv wb‡q mš‘ó _vKvi gvbyl wQ‡jb bv Rqbyj, Rji‡O QweI AuvK‡Zb| KL‡bv-mL‡bv †Zji‡OI| MÖvgxY Rxeb wQj Zuvi welqe¯‘| †mme `„k¨ iPbv‡ZI wbm‡M©i †P‡q mKg©K bvix-cyi“‡li ˆ`bw›`b †eu‡P _vKvi KvR cÖvavb¨ †cZ| †bnvZB weeiYvZ¥K wQj bv †m-me Qwe| weeiY Qvwc‡qI mg‡q mg‡q NUbv-eY©bvi GKUv cÖeYZv, GKUv `„k¨Kvwnwb M‡o †Zvjvi †Póv `„k¨gvb n‡q DVZ| wKš‘ meUvB n‡Zv KjKvZv AvU© ¯‹zjxq wkív`‡k©i g‡a¨| Z_vKw_Z b¨vPvivwjw÷K-wiqvwjw÷K auv‡P| iex‡›`ªvËi evsjvi Ab¨Zg †kªô msMxZ-iPwqZv mwjj †PŠayix wb‡R‡K cÖwZwôZ K‡iwQ‡jb †h-iPbv w`‡q, †mB Ô†Kv‡bv GK Muv‡qi ea~i K_vÕ wQj 1943-Gi evsjvi gš^š—iwelqK| †mB `xN© eY©bvZ¥K cÖeÜ-msMxZ (fviZxq msMxZZ‡Ë¡ Kve¨msMxZ‡K GB bv‡gB wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q), gš^š—ic~e© GKvš— GK MÖvgxY RbRxe‡bi Qwe AuvKvi ciB, AwPš—¨c~e© wech©q enbKvix `ywf©‡¶i `vi“Y AvNv‡Z K…wlwfwËK MÖvgxY mgvR weaŸ¯— nIqvi gyn~Z©wU‡K Zzjbvwenxb K_vq-my‡i Awfe¨w³ w`‡qwQ‡jb mwjj †PŠayix| †mB gyn~‡Z©i Av‡Mi Avi c‡ii evsjv Avjv`v| †mB mwÜgyn~Z©wU e¨w³ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rxe‡biI mwÜ-gyn~Z©| kn‡ii iv¯—vq MÖvg †_‡K kiYv_x© n‡q Avmv wbibœ K…wlRxexi g„Z z¨c_hvÎvi gg©vwš—K AwfÁZv, KjKvZvi miKvwi Pvi“ I Kvi“Kjv we`¨vj‡qi QvweŸk eQi eqmx K…Zx Kjvwk¶K‡K we‡eKx wkíx‡Z cwiYZ Kij| Zuvi c~e© Zb wkívf¨v‡mi Av`¨š— cwieZ©b NUj,

bvixgyL †Mvqvk, 1953

RvMwZK AwfÁZvi AvNv‡Z| AwfÁZvi G-AvNvZ Zuv‡K giwg Rxeb-wkíx‡Z cwiYZ Kij| `ywf©¶cxwoZ evsjvi MÖvgxY mgv‡Ri GK wb`vi“Y mwܶ‡Yi giwg iƒcKvi wn‡m‡e Rqbyj n‡q DV‡jb wecbœ evsjvi Rxe‡bi iƒcKvi| cieZx©Kv‡j HwZnvwmK, A_©bxwZwe`, mgvRZvwË¡K M‡elK‡`i M‡elYvi d‡j AvR Avgiv Rvwb, 1943-Gi evsjvi gš^š—i we‡`wk kvm‡Ki J`vmxb¨-Ae‡njvAckvm‡b fqven AvKvi MÖnY Ki‡jI Zvi exR Bs‡iRkvwmZ evsjvi f~wg m¤úK© I K…wl‡Kw›`ªK Av_©e¨e¯’vi g‡a¨ IZ‡cÖvZ wQj| GB f~wgwfwËK I K…wl Drcv`bwbf©i

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wQ‡jbB| 1943-Gi AvM÷-†m‡Þ¤^i gvm †_‡K ïi“ K‡i 1944-Gi †kl ch©š— cÖvq cÖwZ mßv‡nB KjKvZvi ˆ`wbK `¨ †÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvq, KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i mvßvwnK Rbhy× Ges wccjm Iq‡i Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei `ywf©¶-cÖcxwoZ bi-bvixwkï Avi m½x KzKzi-Kv‡Ki †¯‹‡Pi cÖwZwjwc Qvcv n‡q‡Q| †`Lv `iKvi, Bs‡iR-cÖewZ©Z cÖvwZôvwbK Kjvwe`¨v wk¶K gnvkq Kxfv‡e evsjvi we‡ewK AvaywbK wkíx‡Z cwiYZ n‡jb| G-e¨vcv‡i Zuvi wk‡íi mv¶¨ Kx? Qwei wel‡qi ev welqe¯‘i cwieZ©bUv †Zv cÖv_wgK| kvš—-wø» cj­xRxeb, K…wlKg©‡Kw›`ªK MÖvgxY Rxeb Ñ GB †Zv wQj cÖvK-gš^š—i Av‡ew`‡bi Qwei welq| Qwe wQj weeiYagx©| wek‡` ficyi| Zvi e`‡j †`Ljvg Ñ ¯^íZg gwjb wQbœ em‡b Aw¯’Pg©mvi n‡Zv`¨g bvix-cyi“l-wkï| wbivfiY c‡U ¯^íZg we¤^web¨v‡m kn‡ii c_-AvwkªZ wbibœ ¶zavZ© MÖvg †_‡K Avmv kiYv_x©i g„Zz¨-A‡c¶vi `„‡k¨i c‡i `„k¨| weeiY wek`nxb| b~¨bZg mij‡iLvi Uv‡b kn‡ii evwoi Ask, dzUcvZ-K¨v‡iRI‡q wefvRb Avi cÖZxKx Wv÷web w`‡q kni AvfvwmZ gvÎ| Avi †Kv‡bv ¯’vbweeiYx cðvrcU †bB| †bB †Kv‡bv wek` †cÖ¶vcU| kxY©Kvq KzKzi Avi KvK GK`v Abœ`vZv‡`i m‡½ Wv÷we‡bi Dw”Qó fvMvfvwM K‡i wb‡Z D`¨Z| mh‡Zœ b~¨bZg A_©c~Y© we¤^

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`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

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†iLvi Mwigvq `xcÖ wPÎcU Aveyj gbmyi

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gvbylRb| Zuvi †iLv¼‡bi aib wewfbœ ch©v‡q wKQy wKQy cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| GKvbœ‡Z AuvKv muvIZvj Rxeb ev gB †`Iqv RvZxq wP‡Î †iLv `ywf©¶wP‡Îi g‡Zv KK©k I f½yi bq, cÖengvb I wKQyUv Qw›`Z Ñ `ywf©¶wP‡Îi g‡Zv wÎgvwÎKZvi Avfvm`vqx bq, eis cÖvP¨-HwZn¨ ai‡bi cwi‡jL-†eóbKvix| be¨e½xq wPΉkjxi LvwbKUv cÖfveI G‡Z Abyfe Kiv hvq| †mBm‡½ wel‡qi mijxKi‡Y Ges cUf~wgi b~¨bZg cÖ‡qv‡M evsjvi cUwP‡Îi †cÖiYvI wK KvR K‡i? Avevi lv‡Ui `k‡Ki wbmM©cÖavb wP‡Î †`Lv hvq, Lv‡Mi Kj‡gi Ge‡ov-†Le‡ov fvOv †iLv, `ª“ZPv‡ji Lmov †iLvq Aeq‡ei AvfvmgvÎ| bevbœ I gbcyiv Õ70-G Avevi gvbe-Aeq‡ei cÖvavb¨, †gv‡gi cÖ‡qv‡M wecixZ †iLvi e¨envi| G Qvov Kvwj-Zzwj-Kj‡g i‡q‡Q Zuvi AMYb †QvU-eo Lmov, hv Qwo‡q Av‡Q †`k I we‡`‡ki wewfbœ cÖv‡š—| evsjvf~‡gi wbmM© Avi wbgœeMx©q gvbyl Gm‡ei welq| 1947-cieZx© ivR‰bwZK †cÖ¶vcU I Dcgnv‡`kxq wkífvebvi cÖvmw½KZvq G-wPÎm¤¢v‡ii LvwbKUv wfbœZi cvV-cÖqvm nq‡Zv Ly‡j w`‡Z cv‡i Gm‡ei †gŠwjK I ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †Kv‡bv we‡ePbvi Øvi| `ywf©‡¶i †iLvwPÎgvjvq Avgiv Avwe®‹vi Kwi Aebx›`ªbv_-b›`jvj-hvwgbx ivq I Pwj­‡ki ev¯—eZvcš’x‡`i m‡½ Rqby‡ji cv_©K¨ Ñ †ivgvw›UKZvi †ik wQbœ K‡i Rxe‡bi kÖggMœ ev¯—weKZvq DËiY, ag©-cÖfvweZ wel‡qi wbMp †_‡K Amv¤cÖ`vwqK gvbweKZvi D‡Øvab| cvwK¯—vb iv‡óªi Af¨š—‡i iv‡óªi †f`bxwZi wei“‡× Rqbyj Av‡ew`b GKRb wkíxi Ae¯’vb †_‡K Kxfv‡e cÖwZ‡iv‡ai GKwU cÖZxKx A_P kw³`„ß iƒcKí wbg©vY K‡ib †mwU j¶Yxq| Zuvi cÖwZ‡iv‡ai A¯¿ cÖ_gZ Ges cÖavbZ welqe¯‘| Rqbyj Zuvi wel‡qi †K‡›`ª ¯’vcb K‡ib cwj­i mve-AjUvb© ev wbgœeMx©q gvbyl‡K| cvwK¯—v‡bi m~Pbvj‡Mœ, 1951 mv‡jB, agx©q †f`eyw×ev`x ivR‰bwZK †gŠZv‡Zi Avov‡j cuywRev`x †kvl‡Yi fÊvwg‡K wZwb cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib m¤cÖ`vq-wPýnxb Kwg©ô Aš—¨R gvby‡li gby‡g›Uvj I gvbweK Dc¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g| Avw`evmx I wbgœeMx©q gvby‡li cÖvZ¨wnK RxebwPÎ agx©q I †kÖwYMZ †f`‡PZbvi wei“‡× Zuvi Ae¯’vb‡K Rvbvb †`q| KvK I Mi“‡K Ny‡iwd‡i Qwei welq wn‡m‡e wb‡q Avmvi g‡a¨ evOvwji cÖvZ¨wnK Rxe‡bi Abyl‡½i D‡j­L ïay bq, evOvwj‡Z¡i cÖwZev`x Dc¯’vcb †hb Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB| muvIZvj Rxeb ev gB †`Iqvi `„‡k¨ †hgb, †Zgwb eªþcyÎ b` cvivcv‡ii Rb¨ A‡c¶viZ Qwe‡Z †`wL MÖvgxY †KŠg mgv‡Ri cvwievwiK e܇bi gvayh©gq iƒc| `ywf©‡¶i wPÎgvjviI GKw`‡K †hgb i‡q‡Q gvby‡li cÖwZ gvby‡li jvÃbvi AgvbweK w`K, Zvi †fZ‡iB Avevi Rxeb-g„Zz¨i mwܶ‡YI Aš—¨R gvby‡li evrmj¨, AvZ¥Z¨vM I cvwievwiK mngwg©Zvi gbyl¨Z¡gwÊZ w`KwUI †Pv‡L AvOyj w`‡q †`wL‡q †`b Rqbyj| Gfv‡e Avgv‡`i bvMwiK †Lvj‡mi Avovj †f‡O †`b wZwb, mvg‡b `uvo Kwi‡q †`b 82

Zuvi MÖvgxY wKlv‡bi Mwigv`„ß gyL”Qwe| Zuvi ¯^KxqZvwPwýZ GB A¼bixwZ‡Z cieZx©Kv‡jI hZ f~`„k¨, gvbylx iƒc wZwb Gu‡K‡Qb, me©ÎB cwj­evsjvi cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li Aeq‡e eywj‡q w`‡q‡Qb mgybœZ gwngvi e¨Äbv| wel‡qi mvgvb¨Zv‡K Gfv‡e AwZµg K‡ib wZwb Ges Zuvi wkíK…wZi Ab¨Zg Avqya kw³gvb †iLvi Dc¯’vc‡b Zvrch©gwÊZ n‡q I‡V Rqby‡ji wPÎmg~n| Zuvi wkí‡eva Rxe‡bvcjwäi †hŠMwµqvq Gme wPÎ G-A‡ji wkí-BwZnv‡m RvMwZK mZ¨iƒ‡ci GK beZi cvV iPbv K‡i| bevbœ I gbcyiv Õ70 Ñ G `ywU e„n`vKvi wkíK‡g© Rqbyj cybivq Zuvi `ywf©¶-wPÎgvjvi ˆkjx I Av‡e‡M wd‡i †M‡Qb, d‡j G¸wj †hb n‡q D‡V‡Q Zuvi cwiYZ Rxe‡bi †U÷v‡g›U| Rqbyj Zuvi wP‡Î f~wgcyÎ cwj­evmx‡K iƒcvwqZ K‡i‡Qb wbmM©jMœ K‡i, Zv‡K †eób K‡i _vKv wbm‡M©i m‡½ Aweivg mnve¯’vb I msN‡l©i g‡a¨| wbm‡M©i m‡½ gvb‡ei Aaybv-weij G Øvw›ØK m¤ú‡K©i GK cybwb©g©vY †hb iwPZ nq bevbœ ¯ŒjwP‡Î| Ebmˇii MYRvMi‡Yi †cÖ¶vc‡U m¤cÖ`vq-wPýnxb evOvwjRxe‡bi Avbyc~we©K GK eqvb Dc¯’vcb K‡i MYRvMi‡Yi †PZbvi mgvš—ivj †eva‡K wee„Z K‡ib wZwb, A¯^xKvi K‡ib cvwK¯—vb iv‡óªi wek¦v‡mi wfwˇK| GKBfv‡e weaŸsmx N~wY©evZ©vq weaŸ¯— gbcyivi †f`v‡f`-jyß g„‡Zi ¯—~c †hgb AvNvZ nv‡b m¤cÖ`vq-cwiP‡qi wefvRb-wek¦v‡m, D‡b¥vPb K‡i †`q †kvl‡Ki fÊvwgi iƒc, †ZgbB g„‡Zi DwÌZ nv‡Zi fw½‡Z †hb cÖZxKvwqZ n‡q I‡V cÖZ¨vNv‡Zi cÖwZÁv| ¯ŒjwPÎwUi me©‡kl cÖv‡š— GKwUgvÎ RxweZ gvbyl †hb mKj aŸs‡mi wecix‡Z Rxe‡bi RqMvb, Aciv‡Rq gvb‡ei cybi“Ìv‡bi evZ©vevnx| G `ywU wkíK‡g© Rqbyj e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Zuvi †iLvi kw³‡K Avi evsjvi Rov‡bv c‡Ui HwZn¨‡K AbymiY K‡i e³e¨‡K eY©bvZ¥K ev b¨v‡iwUf fw½‡Z Dc¯’vcb K‡i †`kR ms¯‹…wZi †kK‡oi m‡½I Ávcb K‡ib wb‡Ri GKvZ¥Zv | Gfv‡e cÖK…wZi GKB m‡½ kÖxgq I Kivj iƒc Ges Zvi m‡½ MÖvgxY f~wgmsjMœ Rxe‡bi G Avw`g I Øvw›ØK Ae¯’vb Rqby‡ji †iLvwP‡Î mgmvgwqK NUbvcÖev‡ni cÖZxKx iƒcKí wn‡m‡e wea„Z n‡q‡Q| ïay †iLvi cÖ‡qv‡M bq, †iLvi wecix‡Z cwim‡ii k~b¨Zv‡K e³‡e¨i evnb wn‡m‡e m~² †KŠk‡j e¨envi K‡i‡Qb wZwb| k~b¨ cwim‡ii A_©en cÖ‡qvM Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB Pxbv I Rvcvwb wP‡Î| m¤¢eZ G-ˆewkó¨ Rqbyj‡K AvK…ó K‡iwQj Ges wb‡Ri m„wó‡Z Gi cÖ‡qvM wZwb NUv‡Z AvMÖnx n‡qwQ‡jb| cÖ_gZ `ywf©¶wPθ‡jv‡Z Gi e¨envi †`Lv hvq| Kv‡jv †iLvi b~¨bZg cÖ‡qv‡Mi wecix‡Z KvM‡Ri wekvj gwjb k~b¨Zv †hb gš^š—‡ii nvnvKvi n‡q Avgv‡`i ˆPZ‡b¨ nvbv †`q| gbyl ¨-Aeq‡ei gby‡g›UvwjwU‡K AvfvwmZ Kivi Rb¨ cwim‡ii k~b¨Zv‡K wZwb cieZx©Kv‡jI evievi e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| †mwU muvIZvj `¤úwZ, we‡`ªvnx ch©v‡qi wP‡Î †hgb, †Zgwb †jvKKjv-AvkÖqx wP‡Î j¶ Kiv hv‡e| muvIZvj `¤úwZ‡Z

†gw·‡Kvi †MvqvbvRyqv‡Zv c­vRvq gv I wkï gvwK©s †cb, 1956

Avw`evmx Zi“Y-Zi“Yx‡K wZwb Dc¯’vcb K‡ib †cQ‡bi w`K †_‡K, AvKv‡ki k~b¨ cwim‡ii wecix‡Z| G‡Z gyLveqenxb gvbyl`ywU n‡q I‡V mg¯— RvwZ-Aw¯—‡Z¡i cÖwZwbwa, we‡kl `yRb gvbyl bq| cÖvq gvwUi `„wóZj †_‡K †`Lvi d‡j QwewU‡Z cÖK…wZ †b‡g hvq wb‡P, n‡q c‡o †MŠY, Avi AvKvk‡Quvqv gvbyl`ywU n‡q I‡V gby‡g›Uvj, gnxqvb| gB †`Iqvq mg¯— wPÎcU k~b¨ †i‡L wP‡Îi Ici-As‡ki Wvb †Kvbvq ¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q cy‡iv welq| G‡Z gB †`Iqvi †eM k~b¨ cwim‡ii MwZc_ †e‡q ZxeªZv jvf K‡i‡Q| cieZx©Kv‡ji wbQK f~`„k¨ iPbvqI †`wL G-†KŠk‡ji cÖ‡qvM| c‡Ui Aa©vs‡kiI †ewk GjvKv Ry‡o AvKv‡ki we¯—v‡i Avev‡iv k~b¨Zvi A_©c~Y© e¨envi, c~e© evsjvi wbm‡M©i e¨vwß G‡Z ¯^Zš¿ gvÎv AR©b K‡i| cÖvmw½K I AcÖvmw½K bvbvb †¶‡Î eûj e¨env‡ii d‡j Rqby‡ji cÖavb wPÎgvjvi m‡½

Avgv‡`i GK ai‡bi Af¨¯—Zvi m¤úK© `uvwo‡q †M‡Q, d‡j G¸‡jvi w`‡K GKwU Avb‡Kviv I e¨wZµgx `„wófw½‡Z ZvKv‡bv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q wKQyUv Kómva¨ g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| Gme wPÎ Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q 1943-Gi `ywf©‡¶i eqvb, 1970-Gi N~wY©evZ©vi `„k¨ A_ev MÖvgevsjvi cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li ˆbwgwËK RxebwPÎ wn‡m‡eB †gvUvgywU cÖwZfvZ| †iLvi ¯^KxqZv I kw³i Dciš‘ G¸‡jvi †h Av‡iv †Kv‡bv ch©‡e¶Y m¤¢e Ñ wPÎc‡Ui web¨vm‡KŠkj I cwim‡ii e¨envi, wel‡qi cÖwZ `„wófw½i ¯^KxqZv wKsev mgmvgwqK wPÎvqYavivi m‡½ cv_©K¨ I AwfbeZ¡, †mme wel‡q Avgiv †Zgb m‡PZb nB bv| Rqby‡ji wPÎgvjvi w`‡K Av‡iv GKUz e¨wZµgx I Zwš^ô g‡bv‡hvM nq‡Zv Zuvi m„ó K‡g©i h_v‡hvM¨ mgx¶‡Yi KvQvKvwQ †cuŠQ‡Z Avgv‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|  83

Rqbyj Av‡ew`b RvjvjDÏxb Avn‡g` Bs‡iwR †_‡K Abyev` : myeªZ eo–qv

k¤¢yMÄ weRª Kjg, 1933

84

Ôwi‡qwj÷Õ MÖ“‡ci g‡a¨ me‡P‡q RbwcÖq wQ‡jb 45 eQi eq¯‹ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b, whwb Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg eq‡mB ¯^xK…wZ †c‡qwQ‡jb Ñ hLb Zuvi eqm gvÎ 26 eQi| mgqUv 1943 mvj, hv wQj evsjvi gnv`ywf©‡¶i eQi| GB `ywf©‡¶ cÖvq 30 jvL bi-bvix I wkï Abvnv‡i, †iv‡M fy‡M I gnvgvwi‡Z g„Zz¨eiY K‡iwQj| Lv‡`¨i mÜv‡b MÖvg †_‡K nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl G‡m nvwRi n‡qwQj ivRavbx KjKvZvq| c‡_B gviv wM‡qwQj A‡b‡K, Ab¨iv cÖvY nvwi‡qwQj KjKvZvi ivRc‡_ Wv÷we‡b AveR©bvi g‡a¨ Lvevi †LuvRvi hy‡× wPrKvi Ki‡Z-_vKv KzKzi I KvK‡`i m‡½ hyS‡Z wM‡q| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b ZLb Zi“Y wkíx-wk¶K| †ivgvw›UK j¨vÛ‡¯‹‡ci wkíx nIqvi R‡b¨ evjK eq‡m evwo †_‡K cvwj‡q G‡mwQ‡jb wZwb| e‡Üi mgq AuvK‡Zb muvIZvj igYx‡`i eY©vX¨ Qwe| GKw`b †`L‡jb, GK gv I wkï‡K, hviv Ôgv`vi A¨vÛ PvBìÕ wmwi‡Ri †h-aª“c`x Qwe¸‡jv bKj Ki‡Zb wZwb, Qwe AuvKv †kLvi

gv I wkï †U‡¤úiv, 1951

R‡b¨ Zvi †_‡K G‡Kev‡i Avjv`v| wZwb Zuvi Qwe AuvKvi K¬vm¸‡jvi K_v fy‡j †M‡jb, wd‡i †M‡jb Zuvi wb‡Ri †QvU NiwU‡Z| †m-mܨvq wZwb AuvK‡jb Zuvi Ôg¨v‡Wvbv 1943Õ Ñ AmvaviY GK WªBs, Aí K‡qKwU gvÎ Zzwji AuvP‡o| GK wkï K¼vjmvi gv‡qi ïwK‡q hvIqv ey‡K LyuR‡Q ¯—b| fxwZ RvMv‡bvi g‡Zv Qwe| wkïi wb®úvc mij gyL I gvZ…¯—b¨ †LuvRvi AvZ© A‡š^l‡Y dz‡U D‡V‡Q GK Ki“Y †cÖ¶vcU, hv Qwei `k©‡Ki g‡b RvwM‡q Zzj‡Q Ggb GK P¨v‡jÄ, †h-P¨v‡j‡Äi DËi Kv‡iv Rvbv †bB| GwUB wQj mvaviY fviZxq Kvwj‡Z mvaviY gv‡bi i¨vwcs KvM‡R ev ÷ª‡ev‡W© AuvKv A‡bK †¯‹‡Pi cÖ_gwU| ivZvivwZ wkíxgn‡j Qwo‡q coj Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi bvg| wkí-mgv‡jvPKiv hLb †iLvi Kv‡R Zuvi AbwZµg¨ KzkjZv I GKvMÖ civ`„wói we¯§qKi cÖfve wb‡q Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb, ZLb Rqbyj gv‡mi ci gvm a‡i bxi‡e G‡Ki ci GK Qwe Gu‡K hvw”Q‡jb| GB NUbvi K_v D‡j­L K‡i K‡qK eQi ci Zuvi Qwei mgv‡jvPK‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg ÷zqvU© wMÖwdb wj‡LwQ‡jb, ÔAvNvZ I hy‡×i Kvi‡Y hš¿YvnZ GKRb µz× MBqvi g‡ZvB Rqbyj ¶zä n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb Ges †mB †¯úbxqi g‡ZvB µz×fv‡e Qwe Gu‡K wM‡qwQ‡jb| w`‡bi ci w`b w`evivÎ Pwj­k NÈv Zuvi `„wó wbe× wQj †mB fqsKi `„k¨¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ges †kl ch©š— `ywf©‡¶i hLb mgvwß NUj, ZLb wZwb 2000 †¯‹P Gu‡K †kl K‡i‡Qb| GB †¯‹P¸‡jv‡Z g~Z© n‡q D‡VwQj fvi‡Zi BwZnv‡mi †mB fqsKi w`b¸‡jvi K_v, hvi g‡a¨ msK‡Ui MfxiZv AuvKv n‡q wM‡qwQj AvMvgxw`‡bi gvby‡li Rb¨| GKRb Zi“Y, mvaviYfv‡e AcwiwPZ GKRb wkíx, Awej‡¤^ Zuvi ¯^xK… wZjvf Ki‡jb|Õ †mB mj¾ Abyf~wZkxj `„p B”Qvkw³i AwaKvix Rqbyj Av‡ew`b AvR XvKv AvU© MÖ“‡ci cÖavb I †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix wkíx| wZwb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi XvKvq Aew¯’Z miKvwi Pvi“Kjv 85

Bbw÷wUD‡UiI Aa¨¶| BD‡b‡¯‹v I wewfbœ Avš—R©vwZK ms¯’v KZ…©K Av‡qvwRZ cÖ`k©bx Ges hy³ivR¨, d«vÝ, Zzi¯‹, Rvcvb, †gw·‡Kv I hy ³iv‡óª Av‡qvwRZ GKK cÖ`k©bx¸‡jv‡Z Zuvi Qwe e¨vcKfv‡e cÖ`wk©Z n‡q‡Q Ges †m¸‡jv wkíiwmK `k©K‡`i cÖksmvI AR©b K‡i‡Q| Rvcv‡bi wPÎ-mgv‡jvPK Gwj‡m wMÖwj wj‡L‡Qb, ÔbKkv, g‡bvfw½ I †UKwbK ev A¼b-†KŠk‡ji †¶‡Î GB wkíx AwZ cÖvPxb wkíKjvi HwZn¨ Ges eZ©gv‡b `ª“Z wek¦e¨vcx Qwo‡q-cov bZzb fveavivmg~‡ni mgš^q mvab K‡ib| wZwb Qwei †¯ú‡mi RwUjZv, d‡g©i wefvRb Ges wKDwe÷ wPÎKi‡`i Øviv Zz‡j-aiv cÖK…wZi R¨vwgwZKvqb m¤ú‡K© c~Y© m‡PZb, wKš‘ wZwb GB bZzb wPÎixwZ †_‡K †Kej †mUzKzB MÖnY K‡ib hv mylgfv‡e †gkv‡Z cv‡ib Zuvi †`‡ki mg„× HwZ‡n¨i m‡½|Õ Gi Av‡M jÛ‡bi evK©‡j M¨vjvwi‡Z 1952 mv‡j AbywôZ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Qwei GK cÖ`k©bx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q GwiK wbDUb gš—e¨ K‡iwQ‡jb : ÔGLv‡b †`L‡Z cvIqv hv‡e cÖvP¨ I cvðv‡Z¨i wkíKjvi mgš^q hv c~‡e© cÖvq Am¤¢e e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡Zv| Zuvi i‡q‡Q GKB m‡½ ch©‡e¶‡Yi I g‡bvwb‡ek Kivi ¶gZv Ges Zuvi Zzwji jq hvi g‡a¨ KL‡bv KL‡bv †Kv‡bv wØav _v‡K bv wKsev KL‡bv Zvj‡Mvj cvwK‡q †d‡j bv, Zv GB j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ G‡Kev‡i h_vh_| G †hb cÖv‡P¨i GKwU nvZ, ZzwjI a‡i‡Q †mB HwZn¨evnx cÖvP¨ c×wZ‡Z Ges †kvlK KvM‡R e¨envi Ki‡Q †Kej AbM©j avivq wb®Œvš— nIqv Kv‡jv Kvwj I Rj, wKš‘ wb‡`©wkZ n‡”Q GKwU BD‡ivcxq †PvL Øviv|Õ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi f~cÖK…wZ I avb‡¶‡Zi mgv‡ivnc~Y© gqgbwmsn †Rjvq 1914 mv‡j Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rb¥| wZwb †e‡o D‡VwQ‡jb †m-A‡ji ga¨ w`‡q axikvš— eªþcyÎ b‡`i mRxeZvq cÖv‡Yv”Qj cwj­-cÖK…wZi Ave‡ni g‡a¨| eªþcy‡Îi Zx‡i i‡q‡Q `xN©‡`nx †LRyiMvQ I bvi‡KjMv‡Qi my`„k¨ mvwii g‡a¨ †R‡j‡`i †QvU †QvU Kzu‡oNi| †mB mgvwnZ cwj­-cÖK…wZ nVvr Rxeš— n‡q I‡V mej †cwkIqvjv †bŠKvi gvwS‡`i `uv‡oi k‡ã| Gw`‡K MÖvgxY gwnjviv ZLb †¶‡Z-Lvgv‡i| Zuv‡`i Clr euvKv‡bv cÖvq wbivfiY †`nkªx D¾¡j n‡q D‡V‡Q welyexq †iŠ`ª I e„wói †Quvqvq| G GK mij †mŠ›`h©, hvi m‡½ i‡q‡Q welYœZvi ci‡Z Rov‡bv Aš—`©k©b| GB welv‡`i myiB g~Z© n‡q‡Q Zuvi Zzwji ¯ú‡k© AuvKv †QvU, †gvUv I mej †iLv¸‡jv‡Z Ges Zuvi big I D¾¡j Rji‡O| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Av¶wiK A‡_©B `ytL-K‡ói gvS w`‡q cwiev‡ii m‡½ we‡`ªvn K‡i GKRb wPÎKi n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb| Zuvi cwiev‡ii Avkv I B”Qv wQj Ñ cvwievwiK HwZn¨ AbymiY K‡i wZwbI n‡q DV‡eb GKRb cywjk Awdmvi| Gi cwie‡Z© wb‡Ri AmvaviY Aa¨emvq I 86

`„pmsK‡íi †Rv‡i wZwb †cuŠ‡Q wM‡qwQ‡jb K¨vjKvUv ¯‹zj Ae Av‡U© Ges wWw÷skbmn dvBb AvU©‡m Qq eQ‡ii wW‡c­vgv †Kvm© †kl K‡iwQ‡jb| Awej‡¤^ wZwb †m-¯‹z‡ji wk¶K c‡`I wbhy³ n‡qwQ‡jb| 1947 mv‡j ¯^vaxb ivóª wn‡m‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖwZôvi ci Rqbyj Av‡ew`b XvKvq GKwU AvU© Bbw÷wUDU cÖwZôvi cwiKíbv K‡ib| †mwUB GLb cvwK¯—v‡bi me‡P‡q DbœZgv‡bi cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e M‡o D‡V‡Q Ges dvBb AvU©m MÖvwdK AvU©‡m cuvP eQ‡ii †Kvm© cwiPvjbvi gva¨‡g wk¶v`vb Ki‡Q| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b G-cÖwZôv‡bi Aa¨¶ Ges AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡Ui cÖavb wn‡m‡e Zuvi c~Y©Kvj PvKwii cÖkvmwbK `vwq‡Z¡i e¨¯—Zv m‡Ë¡I mgq Lyu‡R †ei K‡ib †¯ú‡bi Gj-†MÖ‡Kv‡Z wkíxi kª×v wb‡e`b, †gw·‡Kvi cw_cv‡k¦©i †¯‹P †`Lvi Rb¨ mßv‡ni ci mßvn KvUv‡bv, Rvcvwb wcÖ›U-†gwKs I DWKv‡Ui †KŠkj †kLvi Rb¨| A_ev wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i A`„k¨ n‡q c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi DcRvZxq cve©Z¨v‡ji AvKl©Yxq ebv‡j Ges wd‡i Av‡mb K‡qK gvm †mLv‡b Avav-Avw`g Rxeb KvUv‡bvi ci, m‡½ wb‡q G‡jb h‡Zœi m‡½ msMÖn-Kiv DcRvZxq I †jvK wPÎKjvi bgybv Ges nvRvi nvRvi †¯‹P I kw³kvjx WªBs‡q cwic~Y© ¯Œ¨vc eyK| Avš—R©vwZK ¯^xK…wZ I cÖksmv cvIqv cÖ_g w`KKvi †cBw›Us I †¯‹Pmg~‡ni ci Rqbyj Av‡ew`b eQ‡ii ci eQi a‡i wbijmfv‡e m¤ú~Yi© ƒ‡c e¯‘agx© I cÖvq-Av‡jvKwPÎg~jK †_‡K ïi“ K‡i wewfbœ iKg weg~Z© I Avavweg~Z© eû Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb| Zuvi wcÖq Rjis Ges eªvk I Kvwj w`‡q AuvKv Qwe QvovI wZwb muvIZvj igYx‡`i †`nKvVv‡gvMZ ÷vwWg~jK wKQy Qwemn †Zji‡OI †ek wKQy Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb| Zuvi wgkªgva¨g Qwe¸‡jvi g‡a¨ `ywU Qwe AmvaviY Ñ Kjwm Kuv‡L igYx I øvbiZv| `ywf©‡¶i Qwe¸‡jvi ci AuvKv Zuvi cwiYZ wkíKv‡Ri g‡a¨ ÔIqvi Uz Kv‡q`m †MÖfÕ Ges ÔmuvIZvj igYxÕ Qwe¸‡jv we‡kl D‡j­L‡hvM¨| Zuvi Rjis I †Zji‡Oi Qwe¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© GwiK wbDUb e‡j‡Qb : ÔGLv‡b Ri“wii cÖ‡qvRb Aš—wn©Z n‡q‡Q| Zzwji MwZ †Rviv‡jv Kivi cÖ‡qvRb Avi †bB| cvwb‡Z Rb¥v‡bv mewRi evRvi GKwU my›`i iwOb `„k¨ Ñ Gi m‡½ i‡q‡Q †bŠKvi Q›`gq Avbv‡Mvbvi we¯—vwiZ KvR| GLv‡b e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q wkíxi K‡¤úvwRkb ev web¨vm¸Y Ges †mBm‡½ Avevi cvðv‡Z¨i ixwZi m‡½ wg‡j‡Q cÖvP¨ixwZ| g~j e¯‘¸‡jvi web¨vmMZ Ae¯’vb cÖvP¨‡`kxq; ch©ewmZ welq cvðvZ¨agx©| cÖwZwU fw½i g‡a¨ evievi G‡m‡Q Gkxq avivi aviYvi †kl, Z‡e wW‡U‡ji KvR¸‡jv n‡q‡Q GKRb Bs‡iR Rjis AuvwK‡qi g‡Zv|Õ cÖvP¨ I cvðvZ¨ ixwZi GB wgkªYB wPÎwk‡íi GKRb Qv·K D‡j­L‡hvM¨ Avkvev` wb‡q Av‡ew`‡bi wPÎKg© †`L‡Z †cÖiYv †RvMvq|  cÖ_g cÖKvk : AvU© Bb cvwK¯—vb, wØZxq ms¯‹iY, 1962

Av‡ew`b Gm. AvgRv` Avjx Bs‡iwR †_‡K Abyev` : myeªZ eo–qv

G-K_v ejv hv‡e bv †h, Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Zuvi Kv‡ji Zi“Y wkíx‡`i g‡a¨ ˆkwíK cÖKv‡ki cÖwZfv mÂvwiZ K‡i‡Qb, Z‡e wZwb Aek¨B †m-cÖwZfvi cwi‡cvlY I weKv‡ki R‡b¨ A‡bK wKQy K‡i‡Qb| cvwK¯—vb cÖwZôvi ci, GgbwK Zuvi wb‡Ri m„Rbkxj wkíK‡g©i wewbg‡qI, wZwb wb‡R‡K wb‡qvwRZ K‡iwQ‡jb Pvi“Kjv K‡jR M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R| †mR‡b¨B G‡Z we¯§‡qi wKQy †bB †h, Zuvi AbyR wkíxiv, huviv mevB Zuvi QvÎ, Zuv‡K fv‡jvev‡mb I kÖ×v K‡ib wcZvi g‡ZvB| kvixwiK MV‡bi w`K †_‡K `xN©vK…wZi k³‡cv³ ai‡bi, wKš‘ †gv‡UB ¯’~jKvq bb, GB gvbylwUi Mv‡qi is wZwb hv‡`i Mfxifv‡e fv‡jvev‡mb †mB K…lK‡`i g‡ZvB Kv‡jv I AcwikxwjZ; wKš‘ wZwb †h-gyn~‡Z© K_v ej‡Z ïi“ K‡ib, ZLbB Zuvi gyL nvwm‡Z D¾¡j n‡q I‡V Ges Avcwb eyS‡eb †h, Avcwb Av‡Qb GKRb wkíxi mvwbœ‡a¨| wZwb D”PKÉ bb ev

Ry ÷vwW Rjis, 1935

87

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wZb bvix †U‡¤úiv, 1953

88

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mgvR`k©‡bi m‡½ Zvi GKUv `~iZ¡ wQj eBwK| Rqby‡ji mgmvgwqKKv‡jB KjKvZvi wkí-mvwn‡Z¨i cwigʇj Avwef~©Z n‡qwQ‡jb AveŸvmDÏxb, Rmxg D`&`xb Ñ huviv MvB‡jb Ges wjL‡jb evsjvi MÖv‡gi Mvb-KweZv| GB ÔDÏxbÕiv KjKvZvi cyi-cwi‡e‡k cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv evsjvi MÖvg‡K MÖvgxY †Pv‡L †`Lv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡jb| Rqbyj‡K Aek¨ MÖvgRbZvi wkíx nIqvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡qwQj wKQyKvj| Pwj­‡ki `ywf©‡¶ wZwb †hb Zuvi fvlv Lyu‡R †c‡jb, A‡bKUv ARv‡š—| nq‡Zv `ywf©‡¶i Qwe AuvK‡Z AuvK‡ZB Rqbyj Zuvi wkí`k©‡biI wfwË ¯’vcb Ki‡jb| n‡q DV‡jb RbM‡Yi wkíx Ñ cÖ‡jZvwi‡q‡Zi wkíx Ñ Z‡e Zv‡Z wQj bv †Kv‡bv agx©q wKsev ivR‰bwZK wek¦v‡mi cÖfve| DËiKv‡j Rqbyj GB wkí`k©‡biB AvaywbKvq‡b, mijxKi‡Y eªZx n‡jb| ZLb Zuvi `k©‡bi DcKiY nq c~e©e‡½i †jvKR HwZn¨| `ywf©‡¶i wPÎ Rqby‡ji m‡½ m‡½ Gu‡KwQ‡jb A‡b‡KB| †mvgbv_ †nvi, wPËcÖmv` Ñ Gu‡`i g‡a¨ 100

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AvU wkívPvh© Zuvi g~j KvR Qwe AuvKvi cvkvcvwk †ekwKQy eB‡qi cÖ”Q`I Gu‡KwQ‡jb Ñ K‡iwQ‡jb eB‡qi AjsKi‡Yi KvRI| Zuvi GB ai‡bi wKQy D‡j­L‡hvM¨ Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ Av‡Q Rmxg D`&`x‡bi bKkxKuv_vi gvV, iwOjv bv‡qi gvwS, †e‡`i †g‡q, cj­xea~, Mv‡Oi cvo, cÙvcvi, gvwUi Kvbœv, Zz‡M©wb‡fi fvwR©b m‡q‡ji Aveyj Kvjvg kvgmyÏxb-K…Z Abyev` Abvev`x Rwg, gyn¤§` gbmyiDÏx‡bi nvivgwY (2q LÊ), kvgmyÏxb Aveyj Kvjv‡gi Kvke‡bi Kb¨v wKsev Aveyj Avnmvb †PŠayix-m¤úvw`Z †jvKmvwnZ¨ cwÎKvi cÖ”Q`-iPbv| j¶ Kiv hv‡e, GmeB †jvKms¯‹…wZ I †jvKRxeb-Avkªqx eB I cwÎKv| wkívPv‡h©i †jvKR wkíKjvi cÖwZ Abyiv‡Mi ¯^v¶i GB KvR¸‡jv| Gw`K w`‡q wZwb Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKzi, b›`jvj emy, hvwgbx ivq, ivgwK¼i †eB‡Ri †hvM¨ DËim~wi| Zuvi GB cÖ”Q`-AjsKi‡Yi Kv‡R †dvK-†gvwUd Ges MÖvgxY Rxeb I wbm‡M©i PvjwPÎ ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| wkívPv‡h©i MÖ‡š’i cÖ”Q` I AjsKi‡Yi KvR Avgv‡`i †mB ¯§„wZ I kÖ“wZi Kv‡Q wb‡q hvq, †hLv‡b wKse`wš—i evsjv Ñ Avengvb evsjvi Qwe w¯’i n‡q Av‡Q|

cÖvmv`-Pµvš— I hy×weMÖ‡ni GK ivRKxq Kvwnwb‡K K…wËevm evOvwj-Rxeb I gvb‡mi AbyK‚‡j wbg©vY K‡i‡Qb| evOvwji Mvn©¯’¨ I cvwievwiK Rxe‡bi †Kvgj Abyf~wZ GB Kvwnwbi m‡½ wg‡k Av‡Q| ZvB j¼v-weRq wKsev iveY-e‡ai PvB‡Z åvZ…‡cÖg, wcZ…-AvÁv-cvjb, gaygq `v¤úZ¨Rxeb I mxZvi ebev‡mi Ki“Y im evOvwj‡K †ewk K‡i †U‡b‡Q| K…wËevm evwj¥Kxi ivgvqYK_v‡K A‡bKvs‡k †jvKRxe‡bi Kvwnwb‡Z iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i‡Qb| †mB †PZbv †_‡KB Rqbyj †QvU‡`i mwPÎ K…wËev‡mi AjsKi‡Yi KvRwU K‡i‡Qb| GB ¶z`ª K‡je‡ii eB‡qi AjsKi‡Y ZvB †jvKR wkíwPš—vi Qvc c‡o‡Q| 1947-Gi Av‡M wkívPvh© Avi †Kv‡bv wkï‡Zvl eB‡qi cÖ”Q` ev AjsKi‡Yi KvR K‡i‡Qb e‡j Avgv‡`i Rvbv †bB| †mB wn‡m‡e †QvU‡`i K…wËevmB wkívPvh©-AjsK…Z cÖ_g wkï‡Zvl eB| Avi m¤¢eZ wkívPv‡h©i †QvU‡`i eB‡qi AjsKiY-Kv‡Ri GKgvÎ wb`k©bI G-eBwU|

`k wkívPv‡h©i GB AjsKiY-Kv‡Ri ˆewkó¨ ev wkí-e¨vL¨vi †Póv Ki‡j Zv n‡e Avgvi c‡¶ AbwaKviPP©v| huviv wkí-†ev×v ev mgv‡jvPK, G-`vwqZ¡ Zuv‡`i| Avwg ïay KvwjK cUf~wg‡Z GB Kv‡Ri mgKvjxb Zvrch© m¤ú‡K© aviYv Ki‡Z cvwi| mvZPwj­‡ki †`kfv‡Mi mvgvb¨ Av‡M wkívPvh© †QvU‡`i mwPÎ K…wËev‡mi Qwe¸‡jv Gu‡KwQ‡jb| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, †QPwj­‡ki mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½vi i³v³ ¯§„wZ ZL‡bv gy‡Q hvqwb Ñ wØRvwZZ‡Ë¡i wfwˇZ mv¤cÖ`vwqK ev‡Uvqvivq †`kfvM ZLb Avmbœ I Awbevh© Ñ cvwK¯—v‡bi †gvn evOvwj gymjgvb‡K ZLb Av”Qbœ K‡i †i‡L‡Q| agx©q AmwnòzZv Ges RvwZMZ we‡Øl I ¯^vZ‡š¿¨i GB Kv‡j wkíxi wbi‡c¶ we‡ePbvq DØy× n‡q wei“× †mªv‡Z `uvwo‡q Rqbyj Avš—wiK wbôvq ivgvqY-Kvwnwbi Qwe Gu‡K‡Qb, †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖvwßi Avkvq bq Ñ mvb‡›`-¯^Ztù‚Z©fv‡e| Gi Zvrch© Kg bq| GLv‡b wkíx I gvbyl wn‡m‡e D`vi gb I g‡Zi Rqbyj‡K mn‡RB Avwe®‹vi Kiv hvq|  97

Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi †jvKR `k©b gBbyj Bmjvg Rv‡ei

cÖRb¥ †Zjis, 1957

98

wkívPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi wkíex¶‡Y evievi gyL¨ n‡q I‡V Zuvi Kiv `ywf©‡¶i wPÎvewj| †m-m~‡ÎB Rqbyj †hb cwiwPZ n‡jb evsjvi cÖ‡jZvwi‡q‡Zi wkíxiƒ‡c| G-K_v Ab¯^xKvh©, Rqby‡ji wkím¤¢v‡ii cÖvq cy‡ivUv Ry‡oB mivmwi cÖùzwUZ n‡q‡Q evsjvi †L‡U-LvIqv gvby‡li RxebPwiZ Ñ Zv‡`iB Avb›`, †e`bv, msMÖvg| Zuvi Zzwji AuvP‡o IB RxebB cÖwZwew¤^Z| †jvKKjvq Rqby‡ji AvMÖn wQj Acwimxg| Z‡e Zuvi mgMÖ Kv‡R Zvi cÖfve mivmwi `„k¨gvb bq| Gi e¨wZµg N‡UwQj Rqby‡ji wkí-wbg©v‡Yi `ywU we‡kl ch©v‡q| cÖ_gwU cvwK¯—vb m„wói ci 1950-53 mv‡j Ges wØZxqwU evsjv‡`k m„wói ci 1972-73 mv‡j| G `y-Kv‡jB Rqbyj evsjvi †jvKR DcKiY, g~jZ Zuvi evwoi Kv‡Qi wK‡kviM‡Äi †Ucv cyZzj †_‡K avi Ki‡jb mijxKi‡Yi im`| bvbv Kvi‡YB nq‡Zv Rqbyj GB wbix¶v Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡ibwb| I‡e GB Qwe¸‡jvi kw³gvb Dcw¯’wZ Rvbvb †`q, Rqbyj hw` Av‡iv

d‡j Avš—R©vwZKZvi ¯^vaxbZv †hb cvIqv †Mj| G‡K cyZzj Zuv‡K G‡b w`‡jv ¯^vaxbZv| RqbyjI ZZw`‡b G‡K iwk` †PŠayix, †gvnv¤§` wKewiqv, gyZ©Rv ekxi Ñ wejvZ‡diZv n‡q‡Qb| cvðv‡Z¨i wkí-Av‡›`vj‡bi iƒc Guiv mevB we‡`kgyLx n‡jb| Gu‡`i Qwei aib cvjUvj| wZwb mivmwiB †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb| we‡j‡Z Ae¯’vb Zuvi A‡b‡KB we‡`kgyLx n‡jb, cvðv‡Z¨i bvbvb BR‡g bZzb fvlv iƒc Lyu‡R †c‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Q| AbycÖvwYZ n‡q fve‡jb, GB †nvK evsjvi AvaywbKZvi m¤¢eZ Rqby‡ji GB wkíweeZ©‡b gw`M­vwbi Kv‡Ri fvlv| Kv‡ji wePv‡i GLb †evanq, Gme Kv‡Ri A‡bKB c‡iv¶ cÖfve wQj| gw`M­vwbi AmsL¨ j¤^v Mjvi bi-bix ˆkjx‡Z Abb¨ n‡jI fv‡e-fvlvq Ac~Y©, †kKo‡Quov| cÖejfv‡e Avwd«Kxq cyZz‡ji cÖfv‡e cÖfvevwš^Z wQj| wek¦‡K GB evsjv wKQy †`‡e Zv bq, †hb wek¦gv‡S ¯’vb gw`M­vwbi GB KvR¸‡jv‡Z Qwei e¨vKMÖvDÛ bq, cÖavb wQj K‡i †bIqvi cÖ‡PóvB G‡Z j¶Yxq| †dviMÖvDÛ| Rqbyj Zuvi cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki Kv‡R GB `ywU we‡`k‡diZv wkíx‡`i g‡a¨ iwk` †PŠayix wd‡i G‡m welq‡KB †ewk cÖavb¨ w`‡jb Ñ wK‡kviM‡Äi cyZzj †_‡K †`kR DcKiY †_‡K Zuvi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ im` msMÖn wb‡jb AvKvi, Mob, mijxKi‡Yi c_ Avi e¨vKMÖvDÛ‡K Ki‡jb| evsjvi HwZwn¨K weMÖn‰kjx †_‡K `kfyRv `yM©v, †Q‡o w`‡q †dviMÖvDÛ‡KB Ki‡jb gyL¨| ivavK…ò I Kvjxg~wZ©i D‡ËvwjZ nv‡Zi bvbvgyLx web¨vm Rqbyj 1951-52 mv‡j A‡bK Gu‡K‡Qb evsjvi †_‡K iwk` Zuvi wPÎZ‡ji MobwU Mo‡jb| divwm MÖvgRxe‡bi iƒc| G¸‡jvi †ewkifvMB Rji‡O wKsev wkíwk¶vi fve Zv‡Z wQj, Z‡e Zv‡Z wQj evsjvi SuvS| †Mvqv‡k Kiv| †gvUv KbUz¨i jvB‡b AuvKv MÖvgxY †jvKR DcKi‡Yi mivmwi cÖ‡qvM wZwb K‡ibwb Ñ Z‡e †L‡U-LvIqv gvbyl G-Qwe¸‡jvi welq| G mgq †_‡KB †kK‡oi m‡½ m¤úK©wU wZwb wVKB †i‡L‡Qb| cvðv‡Z¨i wKDweK R¨vwgwZK ÷vB‡ji m‡½ evsjvi Kvgi“j nvmvb †jvKR DcKiY‡K mivmwi wb‡q †jvKKjv‡K †gjv‡bvi †Póv KiwQ‡jb Rqbyj| Qwe‡Z g~j Avm‡Z PvB‡jb Zuvi Kv‡Q| j²xmivq is, iƒc, AvKvi Ñ welq evsjvi bvix| G mewKQyB Kvgi“‡ji wPÎZ‡ji fvlvi A¶i n‡jv| hvwgbx ivq evsjvi cU‡K †hfv‡e AvaywbK †Pv‡L †`Lv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb, Kvgi“j ZviB Qv›`wmK iƒc w`‡q‡Qb| hvwgbx iv‡qi †hLv‡b †kl, Kvgi“j nvmvb †hb †mLvbwU‡ZB ïi“ Ki‡jb| Rqbyj-Av‡›`vj‡bi Av‡iK QvÎ KvBqyg †PŠayix, Ñ whwb ZZw`‡b MÖvwdK wWRvB‡b evsjv‡`k‡K AvaywbK K‡i ZzjwQ‡jb, A‡bKUv Rqby‡ji cÖ‡Yv`bvqB †hb wb‡R‡K Lyu‡R †c‡jb †bŠKvi MjyB‡qi bKkvq, bKwkKuv_vi †duv‡o, Rvg`vwbi wWRvB‡b| KvBqyg †PŠayix †cÖ‡g co‡jb bKkvq : †jvKRKjvi wjwiK¨vj Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K †jvKR i‡O ivwO‡q dg© ˆZwi Ges web¨v‡m eªZ x n‡jb wZwb| KvBqyg Rvg`vwb‡K Zz‡j Avb‡jb eB‡qi cÖ”Q`c‡U (Rmxg D`&`x‡bi Rxeb¯§„wZ), b`xi †bŠKvi MjyB‡q Lyu‡R †c‡jb AwZ mij †PvL Avi Qwei Z‡j †mB fve-fvlv‡KB cÖKvk Ki‡Z iZ n‡jb| Rqby‡ji Ici ZLb wecyj wPÎfvlv‡K AvaywbKxKi‡Yi `vi“Y Pvc| wZwb mbvZbx? we‡`k‡diZ wkíx‡`i bvbv BR‡gi wf‡o Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi KvR KZUv AvaywbK? Rqby‡ji mvg‡b ZLb `ywU c_ Ñ Ab¨‡`i g‡Zv weg~Z©Kjvq eªZx nIqv, wKsev evsjvi †jvKR DcKiY †_‡K mijxKi‡Yi cvV †bIqv| weg~Z©wk‡í wKQyUv cÖ‡ek K‡iI c‡i `yB †e‡`wb Kvwj, Iqvk I †gvg, 1972 c_ †Nviv‡jb wZwb| wK‡kviM‡Äi nv‡Z †Ucv 101

cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki GKwU †ZjwPÎ Ôw÷jjvBdÕ G‡¶‡Î cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| QwewU cvðv‡Z¨i X‡O AuvKv Ñ GKwU †Uwe‡j dz‡ji Ue Ñ Zv‡Z wKQy Muv`vdzj Avi Zvi mvg‡b gvwUi cyZzj Ñ †Nvov| w÷jjvB‡di GB `yB Dcv`vb Ñ Muv`vdzj Avi †Nvov Qvov m¤ú~Y© QwewU †`L‡Z cy‡ivcywi BD‡ivcxq| Z‡e †hwU cÖwYavb‡hvM¨, †mwU n‡jv, Rqbyj G‡Z Rvbvb w`‡jb cÖvP¨-cvðv‡Z¨i wg‡k‡j GKwU bZzb wkífvlvi Rb¥ wZwb w`‡Z Pvb Ñ hv n‡e mgmvgwqK; wKš‘ hvi †kKo †cÖvw_Z _vK‡e evsjvi gvwU‡Z| cÂv‡ki `k‡KiB ÔigYxi gyLÕ kxl©K `ywU KvR| GKwU †ZjwPÎ, hv‡Z i‡q‡Q cvðv‡Z¨i wKDweK ixwZ‡Z AuvKv bvixi gyL| Ab¨wU †Mvqv‡k Kiv KvR, †hwU evsjvi cU †_‡K D‡V Avmv bvixi Aeqe| `y‡Uv QweB †gvUv KbUz¨i jvB‡b AuvKv| Rqby‡ji wbix¶‡Yi G `ywU we‡kl wb`k©b| wZwb ey‡S PvB‡Qb Kxfv‡e bZzb fve-fvlvq BD‡ivcxq wKDweRg Avi evsjvi †jvKR Dcv`vb‡K wPÎZ‡j a‡i ivLv hvq| 1953-†Z AuvKv Qwe¸‡jv‡Z Rqbyj ¯úófv‡eB Rvbvb w`‡jb, †jvKR DcKiY‡K wZwb Zuvi Qwe‡Z Kxfv‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z Pvb| Õ53-†ZB AuvKv ÔcÖmva‡bÕ `yB bvixi ˆ`wnK Mob, †Pv‡Li Bkviv, j¤^v wKš‘ ¯’~j Mjv, kvwoi is, civi aib, kvwoi cv‡U Avbyf~wgK mgvš—ivj †iLv Avi `yB bvix‡K wN‡i aiv †gvUv KbUz¨i jvB‡bi †Niv‡Uvc| wK‡kviM‡Äi †Ucv cyZzj †_‡K Rqbyj wb‡jb mijxKi‡Yi cvV| e¨vKMÖvDÛ‡K wb‡q Avi fve‡jb bv Ñ Qwei †dviMÖvDÛB n‡jv gyL¨| 1951-†Z †U‡¤úivq AuvKv Ôgv I wkïÕ A_ev ÔKjwm Kuv‡L igYxÕ KvR¸‡jv‡Z Rqbyj †jvKR dg© †_‡K †hb R¨vwgwZK Xs †ei K‡i AvbwQ‡jb| †Ucv cyZz‡ji K‡cvj, †Pv‡Li Avfvm, nvZ-cv‡qi Mo‡bi m‡½ j¤^v Ges †gvUv Mjv Ñ GmeB P‡j G‡jv Rqby‡ji Rji‡O| Ôgv I wkïÕ kxl©K KvR¸‡jvi welqweb¨vm Ges gv‡qi †Kv‡j wkïi Ae¯’vb Ñ GI wZwb wb‡jb evsjvi cyZzj †_‡KB| 1951‡Z Kiv GB KvR¸‡jv 1953-†Z G‡m n‡jv Av‡iv mej Ñ Rqby‡ji Rji‡O Kiv 1953-i Ôgv I wkïÕ‡Z †bB †Kv‡bv Avo¤^i Ñ AíwKQy jvB‡b †hb wZwb Zz‡j Avb‡jb kvk¦Z fv‡jvevmvi iƒc| †Ucv cyZz‡ji mijZvi g~‡j Zvi DcKiYMZ mxgve×Zv Ges KvwiM‡ii mgq-msKxY©Zv| hZ `ª“Z, hZ Kg Av‡q‡k GKwU bv›`wbK cyZzj evRv‡i Qvov hvq, Zv-B †gv¶| Rqbyj GB mijxKi‡Yi myi‡K Ab¨fv‡e euva‡jb Zuvi wPÎc‡U| 1953-†ZB Kiv Av‡iv A‡bK Ôgv I wkïÕ‡Z Rqbyj ÔgvÕ I ÔwkïÕi w¯’wZ wb‡q †Lj‡jb Ñ KL‡bv wKDweK n‡jb wZh©K †iLvi Uv‡b; Z‡e AvKvi-Mo‡b a‡i ivL‡jb cyZz‡ji Qvc| G mg‡q Kiv Rqby‡ji Av‡iv GKwU Amvgvb¨ †Mvqv‡ki KvR Ñ Ô`yB †evbÕ, 1953| Rqbyj †h ïi“ 102

K‡iwQ‡jb GKRb igYx w`‡q Ñ Zvi msL¨v e„w× †cj| MobMV‡b AK…wÎg †jvKR Qvc, Z‡e †evSv hvq Rqbyj GLb web¨vm wb‡q e¨¯—| e¨vKMÖvDÛ GL‡bv mvaviY, †dviMÖvDÛB gyL¨| Rqbyj Gici AuvK‡jb ÔwZb igYxÕ| web¨v‡mi cÖKi‡Y Ggb A‡bK wbix¶v wZwb Ki‡jb| 1953 mv‡j Kiv G-KvR¸‡jvi g‡a¨ eûRb mgv`„Z I Av‡jvwPZ ÔcvBb¨vi gvÕ| Mv‡j nvZ w`‡q e‡m _vKv FRy igYx; AvjZv i‡O Zuvi nvZ-cv‡qi KbUz¨i AuvKv, j¤^v-†gvUv Mjv Kv‡jv kvwo‡Z XvKv| Avi Zvi kvwo‡Z cyZzj †_‡K D‡V Avmv mvwi mvwi Avbyf~wgK †iLv| G mg‡qi Ab¨ KvR¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Abb¨ ÔcwieviÕ (Rjis, 1953), Ô†e‡`Õ (†U‡¤úiv, 1953), Ô¸YUvbvÕ (†Mvqvk, 1955)| Rqbyj †hb MÖvgxY cwi‡ek I Zvi †L‡U-LvIqv gvby‡li Rxeb‡K †mB gvbyl‡`iB jvwjZ †jvKR wkí w`‡q AuvK‡Z PvB‡jb| evsjvi cÖwZw`bKvi wbcvU wbin¼vi MÖvgxY gvby‡li †L‡U LvIqv Rxeb‡KB Rqbyj AuvK‡Z †P‡q‡Qb wPiKvj| †Kv‡bv agx©q ev ivR‰bwZK wek¦v‡m wZwb `y¯’ gvbeZv‡K A‡nZzK †MŠievwš^Z Ki‡Z Pvbwb (i‡g›`ªbv_ PµeZx© wKsev AeYx †m‡bi Kv‡Ri m¤ú~Y© wecixZagx© `k©b)| †jvKRKjvagx© wbix¶Y nq‡Zv Rqbyj‡K †mB ¯^vaxbZv w`‡Z cviwQj bv| ZvB nq‡Zv wZwb Avevi wd‡i wM‡qwQ‡jb Zuvi wPiKvjxb wkíc×wZ‡Z Ñ `ywf©‡¶i wPÎgvjvq †h-ˆkjxi cÖ_g cÖKvk| cieZx©Kv‡j 1966-68 mv‡j wKQy weg~Z©agx© KvRI Rqbyj K‡iwQ‡jb| Zvici Avevi wd‡iwQ‡jb Zuvi cyi‡bv X‡O| †m-mg‡qi weL¨vZ ÔbevbœÕ (1970), Ôgbcyiv wmwiRÕ (1970) GB mv¶¨B †`q| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ci 1972-73 mv‡j Rqbyj Avevi †jvKRKjvwbf©i KvR ïi“ K‡iwQ‡jb| MÖvgRxe‡bi wPiKvjxb iƒc‡K dzwU‡q Zzj‡Z nq‡Zv †f‡ewQ‡jb †jvKR Xs‡K Avevi Kv‡Q Uvb‡eb| Ô`yB †e‡` igYxÕ (1972), ÔAvqbv nv‡Z K‡bÕ (1972) Zuvi †klKv‡j AuvKv Ggbagx© KvR| Z‡e g„Zz¨i c~e©Kv‡j (1974-75) Rqbyj Avevi Av‡Mi g‡ZvB Zuvi jvBb WªBs‡q ai‡Z PvB‡jb cÖK…wZ I gvb‡ei iƒc Ñ †jvKR DcKi‡Yi Avi e¨envi n‡jv bv| Rqby‡ji ¯^vfvweK ˆkwíK Zvobvi m‡½ weg~Z© Kjv †hb wgjZ bv| †jvKR wkí †f‡O †h-mijxKi‡Yi cÖqvm wZwb Pvwj‡qwQ‡jb, Zvi AíwKQy Abb¨ D`vniY Rvbvb †`q GB wbix¶‡Yi ¶gZv wQj Amvgvb¨| Z‡e nq‡Zv GB wbix¶‡Yi A‡bKUv Ôdg©yjve×Õ cÖK…wZ Rqbyj‡K Ab¨ c‡_ nuvU‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| Z‡e †jvKR wk‡íi cÖwZ Acwimxg Uvb Zuv ‡K evievi G-wbix¶‡Y †div‡ZI †P‡q‡Q| `yt‡Li welq, Rqbyj GB wbix¶Y eûw`b a‡i Ki‡jb bv Ñ nq‡Zv fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki wkím¤¢v‡ii Abb¨-AvaywbK D`vniY n‡Zv GB KvR¸‡jv| Rqbyj Zvi AvfvmgvÎ †i‡L †M‡jb| 

Rqbyj Av‡ew`b †Mvjvg KzÏym

fwel¨‡Z gvbyl hw` 1943 mv‡ji evsjv‡K LvwbKUv Abyf‡e eyS‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j Zv‡K we¯—i bw_cÎ NuvUv QvovI `ywU wkíe¯‘i wbðq mÜvb wb‡Z n‡e Ñ weRb fÆvPv‡h©i bvUK Ges Av‡ew`‡bi Qwe| KZ Mfxifv‡e Gu‡`i bvUK Ges Qwe 1943 mv‡ji wech©q‡K †jLvq Ges †iLvq dzwU‡q Zz‡jwQj IB `yRb wkíxi K_v‡ZB Zvi cÖgvY cvB| weRb fÆvPv‡h©i bvUK †`L‡Z †`L‡Z Rqbyj Av‡ew`b e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔZzwj Ges eªvk Qy‡o †d‡j w`‡Z B‡”Q nq|Õ Avi Rqby‡ji Qwe †`‡L weRb fÆvPvh© e‡jwQ‡jb, Ô_vKZ IBiKg eªvk Avi Zzwj|Õ wKš‘ Avðh© g‡b nq, evsjv‡`‡ki GK gnr wkíx Av‡ew`‡bi `ywf©‡¶i Ici Aw¼Z GB Qwe¸wji cÖwZ Zx¶è †k­l el©Y K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi g‡Z, G‡K †Zv `ywf©‡¶i hš¿Yv, Zvi Ici is w`‡q `ywf©‡¶i Qwe Gu‡K `ytL evwo‡q jvf Kx? Zvi †P‡q eis `y-cqmvi cvb wK‡b †VuvU ivOv‡bv fv‡jv|

Rvcv‡bi DcK~‡j Rjis, 1956

103

Kx wb‡q Zvn‡j AvU©? Av‡U©i G‡m‡Q| ivR¨ †Mj, ivRv †Mj ZLb †cÖiYv Zvn‡j †Kv_vq? hv euvPevi iv¯—v nj gvby‡li c‡¶ wkíxwP‡Ëi Abyf~wZ‡K Mfxifv‡e wkí| AvcrKv‡j wk‡íi Dci wbf©i bvov †`q †mUv wk‡íi welqe¯‘ GUv kv‡¯¿i K_v, †Kbbv kv¯¿Kviiv †Kb n‡Z cvi‡e bv?

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cuvP Zvi gv‡b Avwg G ejwQ‡b †h, †Mvjvc dzj ev c~Y© P›`ª wb‡q 106

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eȇbi wPivqZ iƒc, †hLv‡b bi Ask wb‡”Q AwaK kvixwiK kÖgmsjMœ Kv‡R, Avi bvix‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q A‡c¶vK…Z Kg kÖ‡gi kvixwiK Kv‡R Ask wb‡Z), 2. dmj gvovB‡qi mgq M„ncvwjZ cÖvYxi mnve¯’vb (we‡kl K‡i M„ncvwjZ †gviM-gyiwM Mfxifv‡e dmj gvovB‡qi Drm‡ei g‡a¨ Ae¯’vb wb‡q‡Q, GgbwK GKwU KeyZiI Rqby‡ji Aš—`w©„ ó Gwo‡q hvqwb), 3. dmj gvovB‡qi mgq e„× I wkï‡`i mnve¯’vb, 4. dmj gvovB‡qi ¯’vbwU †h-evwoi evB‡ii DVvb Zv Dcjwä Kiv hvq, ¯’vbwUi m‡½ `~‡ii gvV I AvKv‡ki we¯—xY© Ae¯’vb, K‡qKwU L‡oi cvjv Ges GKRb bvixi Kjwm-Kuv‡L b`xi w`‡K hvIqv I GKRb fvi evIqv †jv‡Ki MÖv‡gi w`‡K fvi wb‡q †nu‡U hvIqv †`‡L| ch©‡e¶Y Kivi welq, GLv‡b ïay MÖvgxY Rxe‡bi dmj gvovB‡qi ev¯—ewPÎ Aw¼Z nqwb, Zv GKB m‡½ cÖvYeš— I MwZkxj, Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi dmj gvovB‡qi wPÎKjvi bvbvwea PwiÎ †m gvbyl †nvK ev cÖvYx †nvK, cÖKw… Z †nvK, mK‡jB cÖvYeš—, MwZkxj Ges wb‡Ri wb‡Ri f~wgKvq Kg©Zrci, cv‡kB i‡q‡Q evwoi mxgvbv wba©viYKvix GKwU gvwUi †`qvj, Zvi Ic‡iI GKwU KeyZi‡K MwZkxj †`Lv hv‡”Q, dmj gvovB‡qi g‡a¨ GKRb bvix †Zv dmj¸‡jv A‡bK h‡Zœ Kzjvq †S‡o †S‡o avgvq f‡i Zzj‡Qb| GB wPÎKjvi g‡a¨ wPivqZ evsjvi MÖvgxY mgv‡Ri Avw` Abyl½ GKwU dm‡ji †MvjvI ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| GLb cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡i, †Kb Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Ôdmj gvovBÕ wPÎKjvwUi Ggb eY©bv †`Iqv n‡jv? Zvi e`‡j Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi wPÎKjvwU †`Lvi K_v e‡j w`‡q †mB QwewU cÖ`k©b Ki‡jB †Zv nq, Zv nq, wKš‘ GLv‡b GB eY©bv †`Iqvi Ab¨ D‡Ïk¨ Av‡Q, Zv n‡jv Ñ evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi BwZnvm iPbvi R‡b¨ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi G-ai‡bi wPÎKjvi GKwU Amvgvb¨ ¸i“Z¡ Av‡Q| Avgiv hviv evsjv‡`‡ki mvs¯‹…wZK mgx¶v Kwi ev KvjPvivj ÷vwW Kwi, Zviv Rvwb †h, Lye `ª“ZB G‡`‡ki mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Rxeb †_‡K wPivqZ evsjvi Avw`g ms¯‹…wZ wejyß n‡q †h‡Z e‡m‡Q| hw`I Avgiv ˆbivk¨ev`x bB, Zvi ciI Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Ôdmj gvovBÕ‡qi G-ai‡bi wPÎKjv-`„‡ó mv¤cÖwZK evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi A‡bK wKQyB nq‡Zv †gjv‡bv hv‡e bv| KviY, AvaywbKvq‡bi m‡½ m‡½ Avgv‡`i K…wl e¨e¯’v, dmj gvovB BZ¨vw` mKj wKQy‡ZB we¯—i cwieZ©b mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi G-ai‡bi wPÎKjv evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi BwZnv‡mi Aej¤^b wn‡m‡e M„nxZ n‡Z cv‡i| †Kbbv, Rqbyj Av‡ew`b GLv‡b cy‡ivcywi Kíbvi AvkÖq wb‡q wKQy Auv‡Kbwb, Avevi ev¯—ewP·K Ro wPÎK‡g©I iƒcvš—i K‡ibwb, eis ev¯—eZvi m‡½ Aš—`„©wó Av‡ivc K‡i wZwb wb‡Ri mgKv‡ji m‡½ fwel¨‡Zi †mZzeÜ iPbvi GK ai‡bi Afxáv Qwo‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Avm‡j, Rqby j Av‡ew`‡bi G-ai‡bi wPÎKg© cÖ Z ¨¶

†KkPP©v †Zjis, 1953

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me©cÖvYev`x-Abyf~wZm¤úbœ MÖvgxY gvby‡li Rxebhy‡×i MfxiZg mZ¨ D˜NvwUZ n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †Kv_vq †c‡jb Rqbyj Ggb `„‡k¨i wPivqZ mZ¨, wbðq Zv MÖvg †_‡K AvnwiZ Ges Zv Zuvi Abyf~wZm¤úbœ ü`‡qi wbweóZg cvV| Rqby‡ji Av‡M †Kv‡bv wPÎwkíx Ggb `„k¨‡K A¼b Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb wK-bv Zv Avgvi Rvbv †bB, wKš‘ Rqby‡ji c‡i eû wkíx I wk¶v_x©i is-Zzwj ev †cbwm‡j †Zv G-ai‡bi wPÎ Aw¼Z n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î KvD‡K †Zv Rqbyj Av‡ew`b‡K AwZµg Ki‡Z †`Lv hvqwb| wKš‘ †Kb? KviY, Rqbyj Zuvi Aš—`„©wó w`‡q MÖvgxY Rxe‡bi wPivqZ †h-gvayh©‡K ÔmsMÖvgÕ wPÎKjvq iƒcvqY Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb, Zv †Kv‡bv mvaviY wkíx, e¨w³ ev wk¶v_x©i c‡¶ Aej¤^b Kiv m¤¢e bq| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxY Rxe‡bi wbZ¨Zvi †fZi ÔmsMÖvgÕ‡K cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Qb, GLv‡b wkíx wn‡m‡e GK ai‡bi beZi e¨vL¨v Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb NUgvbZvq, †h-Kvi‡Y wkíKg©wU gwngvwš^Z n‡q D‡V‡Q| GLv‡bI evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi mvgvwRK BwZnvm iPbvi Rb¨ Rqby‡ji m„wóKg© Ab¨Zg Dcv`vb 109

wn‡m‡e M„nxZ nIqvi †MŠie AR©b K‡i‡Q eBwK| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b ïay gvby‡li wPÎKg© AuvK‡Z Pvbwb, eis cÖvwYRM‡Zi g‡a¨ ms¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb gvbweK ¸Yvewj ev ˆewkó¨| †hgb evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi m‡½ m¤ú„³ cïcvwL mKj wKQyi g‡a¨ MÖvgxY gvbyl gvbweK ¸Yvewj cÖZ¨¶ K‡ib, †h-Kvi‡Y eûKvj Av‡M †_‡KB G‡`‡ki MÖvgxY gvbyl Zv‡`i M„ncvwjZ Mi“-evQyi, †gviM-gyiwM, cvwL BZ¨vw` mKj cÖvYxi m‡½ gvbweK GKUv m¤úK©mÎ~ Abyfe K‡i, Avevi G‡`‡ki bvbv ai‡bi †jvKMí, iƒcK_v, DcK_vq cÖvwYRM‡Zi Ab¨ivI gvbweKZvi †ev‡a gvby‡li mgvš—iv‡j wePiY K‡ib| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b m¤¢eZ †mB †eva †_‡K ev¯—e Rxe‡bi m‡½ m¤ú„³ cÖvYxi g‡a¨ gvbweK ¸Yvewj Av‡ivc Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i‡Qb| †hgb Ñ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rji‡O AuvKv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ wPÎKjvwU‡Z GKwU iwke× Mi“i eÜb wQbœ Kivi cÖ‡Póv‡K iƒcvwqZ K‡i‡Qb| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi gvbyl †hgb we‡`ªvnx, Zvi Mi“I GKB iKg we‡`ªvn cÖKvkiZ| D‡Ïk¨ GKUvB Ñ eÜb wQbœ K‡i ¯^vaxb wPË AR©b Kiv| MÖvgxY gvby‡li RxebmsjMœ cÖvwYRM‡Zi g‡a¨ Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi wcÖq cÖvYx wQj Mi“, wZwb Mi“i wPÎvq‡Y Ñ is-Zzwj‡Z †nvK, Kvwj-Zzwj‡Z †nvK A_ev Rji‡O me©ÎB Mi“‡K wPÎvqY K‡i‡Qb MwZgq, wec­ex, K‡g©v”Qj PwiÎ wn‡m‡e, Zuvi GKwU Mi“ cÖvq AwaKvsk mgq mvg‡bi `yB cv‡qi gvSLv‡bi w`‡K gv_v euvwK‡q A™¢Z y MwZ I RxebmsMÖv‡gi cÖvYgq iƒ‡ci cÖKvk NUvq| G‡¶‡Î Rqby‡ji Abb¨Zv cÖKvk K‡i Zuvi Mi“i MwZgq fw½gv| Rqbyj Av‡ew`b evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi me‡P‡q gwngvwš^Z BwZnvm iPbv K‡i‡Qb Zuvi ÔbevbœÕ kxl©K wPÎKjvq| Rvbv hvq, evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxY Rbc` †_‡K wejyßcÖvq bevbœ Drme‡K ¯§iY K‡i Ges 1970 wLªóv‡ã †deª“qvwi‡Z XvKvq bevbœ Drme D`&hvcb Dcj‡¶ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b cuqlwÆ dzU `xN© I cuvP dzU cÖ¯’ G-wPÎwU A¼b K‡ib| GKB K¨vbfv‡m K‡qKwU c‡e© G-wP‡Î Rqbyj Av‡ew`b evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxY Rxe‡bi myL-`ytL‡K ¯’vb †`b; wPÎwUi Wvbw`K †_‡K b`x‡Kw›`ªK gvby‡li Rxe‡bi MwZkxj Rxe‡bi cÖZxKx iƒc ¸YUvbv, Pvlevm Z_v gvV †_‡K dmj KvUv, dmj †Zvjv, dmj gvovB, †XuwK‡Z avb fvbv, weevn hvÎv Ges me© †k‡l cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM I gnvRwb F‡Yi `v‡q me©nviv wbt¯^ MÖvgxY gvby‡li knigyLx AwfhvÎv wb®‹i“Y BwZnvm iPbvKv‡ii Zzwj‡Z iƒcvwqZ n‡q‡Q| †jvKvqZ Rxeb ch©‡e¶Y Ges mgKv‡ji AwfÁZv †_‡K Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Gfv‡eB G-wPÎwU‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxY Drcv`bkxj gvby‡li RxebhvÎvi BwZnvm I mKi“Y cwiYwZ‡K Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Avm‡j, †jvKvqZ Rxeb I cwic~Y© BwZnvmÁvb Qvov G-ai‡bi wPÎvqY I we‡k­lY †Kv‡bv wkíxi c‡¶B m¤¢e bq| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi wkíKjvi fze‡b evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKvqZ Rxe‡bi cÖwZdjb bvbvfv‡eB cÖZ¨¶ Kiv hvq, we‡kl K‡i MÖvgxY bvix‡`i ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡bi bv›`wbKZv‡K wb‡q iƒcvqY K‡i‡Qb AZ¨š— wek¦¯Z — vi m‡½| G‡¶‡Î 110

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K‡iwQ‡jb, Avgvi XvKv BÝwUwUD‡U D”P K¬v‡m fwZ© nIqv I c‡i cix¶v †`Iqv m¤¢e wK bv| Dwb Avgv‡K XvKv BÝwUwUD‡U fwZ© nIqv m¤¢e Rvbv‡jb| ej‡jb, GLv‡b G‡m I fwZ© n‡q hvK, ermi A‡š— I cix¶v w`K| ïay H KjKvZv AvU© K‡j‡R hZ`~i c‡o‡Q Zvi GKwU cÖgvYc‡Îi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| ejv hvq, †m w`bB Avgvi XvKvq covi QvocÎ wg‡j †Mj| wKQz K_vevZ©vi ci wd‡i G‡m myfvl`vi m‡½ civgk© K‡i ILv‡bB covi Rb¨ gbw¯’i K‡i †djjvg| K‡qKw`b ev‡` KjKvZvq wd‡i Gjvg| evwoi gZvgZ wb‡q XvKvq wd‡i AvU© BÝwUwUD‡U fwZ© njvg| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b AvU© BÝwUwUDU K‡qK eQi c~‡e©B cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q| Avi Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi cÖh‡ZœB †mUv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| XvKvq wM‡q Abyfe Kijvg GK bZzbfv‡e bZzb K‡i M‡o Zzjevi Ges †cjvg wkí-Kjv Av‡›`vj‡bi GK Av‡eMgq cwi‡ek|... Aa¨¶ Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei Avwg Lye wcÖq QvÎ wQjvg| ZvQvov Kvgi“j nvmvb I mwdDÏxb Avn‡g` mv‡n‡ei m‡½ Avgvi m¤úK©I wQj Lye wbKU| GQvov Avgvi mncvVx wkíx Avwgbyj Bmjvg I Ab¨ wkíxeÜziv †hgb iwk` †PŠayix, myRvZv ekxi, †`e`vm PµeZx©, KvBqyg †PŠayix, Bg`v` †nv‡mb LyeB Nwbô wQjvg|... XvKvq _vKvKvjxb Avgvi wkíxRxe‡b Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi e¨w³Z¡ fxlYfv‡e AvK…ó K‡i| Zuvi Qwe AuvKv I fvebv cÖfvweZ K‡i| cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS Avgwš¿Z wkíx wn‡m‡e Rqbyj Av‡ew`b mv‡ne we‡`k wM‡qwQ‡jb| wd‡i G‡m wZwb wkíKjvq A‡bK cwieZ©‡bi K_v Avgv‡`i †kvbv‡jb| Gi c~‡e©B wKQz eBcÎ I QvcvB Qwei gvidr Gme bZzb avivi m‡½ Avgvi wKQz wKQz cwiPq N‡U‡Q| wKš‘ aiv‡Quvqvi evB‡i wQj| Dwb wKQz eogv‡ci wbLyuZ cÖvq g~j Qwei g‡Zv Qvcvb Qwe we‡`k †_‡K G‡bwQ‡jb| wZwb Avgv‡`i †m¸‡jv †`Lv‡jb| †m m¤^‡Ü wKQz ej‡jb, Zv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q bZzb gnv‡`k †`Lvi we¯§q wb‡qB nvwRi n‡qwQj| Zuvi Kv‡Q cÖkœ K‡i A‡bKwKQz †hgb Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ Avevi AvaywbK wkíKjvi ˆewkó¨ m¤ú‡K© Zuvi iƒc cwieZ©b m¤ú‡K©B Zuvi mywPwš—Z e³e¨ ï‡bwQ| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne Lye my›`i K‡i ej‡Zb| GLbI g‡b c‡o Zuvi Mí”Q‡j †QvU †QvU wkí m¤^‡Ü e³e¨ I Dc‡`‡ki K_v| K_vq K_vq wZwb GKw`b wkíKjv wb‡q Av‡jvPbvq ej‡jb Ñ †`L wkíKjvq AbyKiY eR©b Kivi w`‡K cÖ_‡gB †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯^-m„wói cÖ‡PóvB m„wóg~jK wkíKjvi Rb¥ m¤¢e K‡i| wkí¸Y wewfbœZv wb‡q wewkó n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov Zuvi Avi GKwU K_v AvRI cÖvmw½K I g~j¨evb g‡b nq| wZwb ej‡Zb, †`L Avgiv mevB GKfv‡e †`wL bv| mewKQzi g‡a¨ mgfv‡e †_‡KI GK GKRb Zvi gZb K‡i †`‡L| Avi G †`Lv GKwU PwiÎ †c‡jB n‡q I‡V wewkó I Zvrch©gq| GLb eyS‡Z cvwi wZwb Qwe‡Z wbR e¨w³Z¡ cÖKvk I wewkóZvi cÖ‡kœ Av‡jvwoZ nw”Q‡jb| Avgiv c~‡e© †`‡LwQ Zuvi Qwe‡Z `„k¨RMr eb¨v, `ywf©¶ Gme ev¯—eZv Zxeª mg‡e`bvq Dcw¯’Z| Avevi 114

cvkvcvwk AZ…ß wkíx gb| cieZx©Kv‡j cix¶v-wbix¶vq GKwU mnR mij evsjvi †jvKvqZ wkíiƒ‡ci wewkóZv‡K Aej¤^b Ki‡Z †`wL| AwZ AvaywbK gb‡b GBfv‡e Avgv‡`i †Pv‡Li mvg‡bB Av‡ew`b mv‡ne cvj‡U †h‡Z jvM‡jb| Qwe‡Z G‡jv wKQz Aw¯’iZv, AvaywbK fw½, wØgvwÎK Abyf‡ei m‡½ evsjvi MÖvg¨ cyZzj, cÖwZgvi MVbMZ iƒc‡K AvZ¥¯’ K‡i wb‡Ri gZb K‡i GK wfbœ iƒ‡c cÖKvk Ki‡Z PvB‡jb| Av‡ew`b mv‡ne Qvov wkíx Kvgi“j nvmvbI H ai‡bi †jvKvqZ wk‡íi Øvi¯’ n‡qwQ‡jb| ejv hvq Zzjbvq Av‡ew`b mv‡n‡ei Qwe †ewk wkí¸Ymg„× I evsjv‡`kxq PwiÎ AR©‡b mg_© n‡q‡Q| GKwU wfbœ gvÎv enb K‡i‡Q|Õ wkíx iexb gÊj ÔAvgvi K_vÕq wj‡L‡Qb, Ôhy‡×i `vgvgv evRvi m‡½ m‡½ Zvi wewae× Ges AeavwiZ hv Zv G‡m †Mj `ywf©‡¶i iƒc wb‡q| †mI GK mgq †M‡Q| A‡bK eo eo K_v mvwR‡q Avgiv gvbweKZvi K_v ewj| wKš‘ K_vi gvjv w`‡q †m cwi‡e‡ki K_v mwVK eY©bv Kiv †bnvZB evZzjZv| KvMR ev msev`c‡Î †m mgq wKQz wKQz Qwe †Q‡c †ei n‡Z †`LZzg| †dv‡UvMÖvdx‡Z `ywf©‡¶i †h me Qwe Qvcv nZ Zv Avgvi gb‡K UvbZ bv| KviY †Pv‡Li mvg‡b †m me `„k¨ †`‡LwQ| wKš‘ nv‡Z AuvKv †h me Qwe ZLb Avgvi gb‡K fxlYfv‡e bvov w`‡qwQj Zv nj wkíx Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi `ywf©¶ wmwi‡Ri wPÎgvjv| wfbœ mg‡q wfbœ KvM‡R †ei nZ †m me| Zywji †gvUv †gvUv Uv‡b Kv‡jv i‡O AuvKv| GZ †ewk AvKl©Y‡eva K‡iwQjyg †h, †m mgq †m Qwe¸‡jv wb‡q Avwg Zvi ûeû AbyKiY K‡iwQjyg GKvwaKevi| g‡b c‡o cieZx©Kv‡j ¯‹z‡j _vKvKv‡j nv‡Z †jLv g¨vMvwR‡b Avgvi AuvKv †h-me Qwe †ei K‡iwQjyg Zvi AwaKvskB wkíx Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Qwei ûeû AbyKiY| evB‡ii `ywf©‡¶i ZvÊe †_‡K Avgv‡`i gZ cwieviI †invB cvqwb| bvbvfv‡e eywS‡q w`w”Qj Lv`¨msKU m¤^‡Ü m‡PZb n‡Z| g‡b Av‡Q Pv‡ji wb`vi“Y AbU‡b Avgv‡`i ¯’vbxq A‡bK cwieviB fxlY Amyweavi g‡a¨ c‡o| GgbwK †LvjvLywjfv‡e Pv‡ji e¯—v, iv¯—v w`‡q wb‡q hvIqvI f‡qi m„wó KiZ| KviY †jv‡K Rvb‡Z cvi‡j nqZ †m Pvj jyU n‡q †hZ| Avgv‡`i evwoi M„wnYx eo R¨vVvBgv| ïay Avgv‡`i cwiev‡ii †Kb, ejv hvq wZwb Avgv‡`i cj­xi we‡kl GKRb wQ‡jb| g‡b Av‡Q H `ywf©¶ c‡e© Avgv‡`i evwo‡ZI Pv‡ji Afve| eo cwievi| d‡j †m Afve Av‡iv cÖKU| GKw`b R¨vVvBgv Avgv‡K ej‡jb Zuvi m‡½ †h‡Z| wi·v wb‡q Avgiv nvIovi Kvïw›`qv AÂj †_‡K `yLvwb Pv‡ji e¯—v wb‡q Gjvg| †jv‡Ki bR‡i co‡j wec‡`i m¤¢vebv wQj| GB `ywf©‡¶i wPÎ Avgvi g‡b GZ cÖfve †d‡jwQj †h †m-eq‡m, AcwiYZ g‡b `y-GKUv Mí wj‡L †d‡jwQjyg Ñ hvi GKUvi bvg g‡b Av‡Q Ñ Ôgv GKUz d¨vb `vIÕ|Õ 

Avgv‡`i wkíKjv Rqbyj Av‡ew`b

AvR G‡`‡k mgvRRxe‡b Pvwiw`‡KB ˆ`b¨| ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, A_©‰bwZK, Rxe‡bi me©‡¶‡ÎB msK‡Ui †evSv †hb †P‡c e‡m Av‡Q| GB me©v½xY ˆ`‡b¨i KviY eûwea n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Avgvi †Pv‡L Gi †h GKwU KviY Lye eo n‡q †V‡K‡Q, Zv n‡”Q i“wPi `ywf©¶ | we‡eK‡eva, gbyl¨Z¡‡eva, cÖv‡`wkKZv‡eva, G mKjB M‡o I‡V †gŠwjK †mŠ›`h©‡ev‡ai ÔBm‡_wUKÕ †cÖiYvq| i“wPB we‡eK ˆZwi K‡i| mnRvZ †mŠ›`h©‡ev‡ai gyw³i ga¨ w`‡qB e„nËi Rxeb‡eva weKvk jvf K‡i| Avgv‡`i gvbwmKZvq †h gi‡P a‡i‡Q, Zv‡K cwi®‹vi bv-Kiv ch©š— ïay ˆelwqKZvi cvKv eyw× w`‡q Avgiv KL‡bvB RvwZi DbœwZ Ki‡Z cvie bv| cÖv‡Yi ZvwM` bv-_vK‡j ïay cwiKíbvq Kx dj n‡e? avi-Kiv g~j¨‡eva wb‡q Avgiv †h-Kv‡RB nvZ w`B bv †Kb, Zv‡Z mvd‡j¨i PvB‡Z wecwË NUviB AwaK m¤¢vebv| Zv‡Z cyi‡bv mgm¨v avgvPvcv c‡o bZzb mgm¨vi m„wó n‡e gvÎ; wKš‘ msK‡Ui Aemvb n‡e bv|

¸YUvbv †Mvqvk, 1955

115

`ywf©¶ Kv‡jv Kvwj, 1943

me †`‡kB †`Lv †M‡Q, †h-hy‡M Kvi“wkí hZ weKvk jvf K‡i‡Q, Pvi“wk‡íiI †m-hy‡M ZZ DbœwZ N‡U‡Q| wKš‘ Kx Pvi“Kjv, wKsev Kvi“Kjv, G `y‡qi †Kv‡bv †¶‡ÎB wkí-weKvk mvabvi `vwqZ¡ GKKfv‡e wkíx ev KvwiM‡ii bq, mvgwMÖKfv‡e mgvR Ges RvwZi mwµq Ae`vb wfbœ †Kv‡bv †`‡kB wkíK‡g©i HwZn¨ M‡o DV‡Z cv‡i bv| e„nËi Rxe‡bi m‡½ ms‡hvM bv-_vK‡j wkícÖ‡Póv AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK n‡q `uvovq Ges †m-cÖ‡Póv †kl ch©š— djcÖm~ nq bv| wkíx be-be i‡mi mÜvb †`‡eb, KvwiMi be-be ˆbcy‡Y¨i Quv` iPbv Ki‡eb Ñ wKš‘ †m-im, †m-bKkvi Avfvm Zuviv Avwe®‹vi Ki‡eb GB †`‡ki gvwU, GB mgv‡Ri cÖv‡Yi ga¨ †_‡KB| Aciw`‡K †`kevmxi im‡eva, i“wP-ˆewP‡Î¨i ZvwM` Zuv‡`i Adziš— †cÖiYv †RvMv‡e GB Kv‡R| m¤úK©Uv Av‡cw¶K| wkíx-mªóv| Zuvi m„Rbkxj cÖwZfv i“wP Avi i‡mi cÖPwjZ g~j¨‡ev‡ai iƒcvš— i NwU‡qB mv_©KZv jvf K‡i| wKš‘ G-K_vI wVK †h, 116

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William Morris, ‘Art under Plutocracy’ 

117

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n‡q‡Q| GKwU wel‡q Avwg ZK© Zzj‡Z PvB| cÖ_g, wØZxq I Z…Zxq AveZ©‡bi QvÎiv †h-wfZ iPbv K‡i‡Qb G‡`‡ki wPÎwk‡í we‡klZ AvaywbKZvq HwZn¨ fvebvq I wkKo mÜv‡b, cieZx©Kv‡j Zv MZvbyMwZK GKwU e„‡Ë Ave× n‡q‡Q| fvOv I Movi †fZi w`‡q evsjv‡`‡ki wPÎwkí‡K Av‡iv †eMevb Kivi I bexb †Kv‡bv c_ wbg©v‡Yi ZvwM` Avgiv cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡jI Zv Lye Zxeª bq| cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki †h GKSuvK wkíx‡K †`‡LwQ bvbv cix¶v-wbix¶v I cwiMÖn‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q G‡`‡ki wPÎwk‡í bZzb bZzb gvÎv mÂvi Ki‡Z e„nr cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z, Zv GLb Avi †`Lv hvq bv| †m wK †Kej GRb¨ †h, Rqby‡ji g‡Zv wk¶K I Aby‡cÖiYvmÂvix wkíx wk¶v½‡b n‡q c‡o‡Q weij| GQvov msL¨vZ‡Ë¡i w`K †_‡K `ywU welq Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ n‡q I‡V| Rji‡O Rqbyj wbmM© A¼‡b †h-cvi`wk©Zv AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb Pwj­‡ki `k‡K, ZviB cwikxwjZ iƒc †`L‡Z cvB cieZx©Kv‡j| G †hb DˇivËi mg„× n‡q‡Q bvbv cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z| †jvKwk‡íi Av`j †_‡K wZwb cwiMÖnY K‡i‡Qb, fvsPzi †`wL m„wóK‡g©, KL‡bv wel‡q| Ab¨w`‡K wbæeMx©q K…wlRxex‡K wZwb †Kv‡bvfv‡eB †Q‡o hvbwb| evj¨ I ˆK‡kv‡i †h b`x, wbmM© I gvbylRb‡K Ae‡jvKb K‡iwQ‡jb, Zv n‡q D‡VwQj Zuvi DcRxe¨| wbæeMx©qiv kÖ‡×qfv‡e cwiùzU n‡q‡Q Zuvi m„wó‡Z| cÖwZev` †bB e‡U, Z‡e GB iƒcvq‡Y wek¦¯—fv‡e wbæeMx©q Rxeb cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| GQvov evsjvi †jvKwk‡íi I HwZwn¨K cÖev‡ni cÖwZ Zuvi Abyiv‡Mi †h-ewntcÖKvk N‡UwQj, Zv Zuvi wk¶v_x© I †`‡ki ms¯‹…ZR‡bi g‡a¨ bexb Av‡jv‡K fvebvi †LvivK RywM‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b D”P I ga¨weË mgv‡R †jvKwkí wb‡q †h AvbyK‚‡j¨i cÖevn I Drmvn G Rqby‡jiB Ae`vb| Rqbyj GLv‡bI Abb¨| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi m„Rb I m„wói ¯^íZv wb‡q bvbv Awf‡hvM †kvbv hvq| cÖwZfvi eû‡KŠwYK ùziY m‡Ë¡I wZwb m„wói †¶‡Î Adzivb n‡Z cv‡ibwb| mvsMVwbK Kv‡R Zuvi cÖwZfv I Kg©cÖevn AcPwqZ n‡q‡Q GgZ K_vI †kvbv hvq| G-Awf‡hvM wfwËnxb, Zuvi m„wó ¸YMZ gv‡b Amvgvb¨, AvaywbKZvi D¾¡j cÖKv‡k Ab¨Zg cÖavb wkíxcyi“lI e‡U| kZevwl©Kxi Av‡jvQvqvq AvPvh© Rqbyj Av‡ew`b‡K wew”Qbœfv‡e bq, mvgwMÖKfv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv cÖ‡qvRb| Zuvi m„wó, Zuvi e¨w³Z¡, †jvKwkí I HwZn¨fvebv Ges †`k AvZ¥vi gg©‡e`bv I msKU DËi‡Yi Rb¨ Zuvi fvebv wb‡q bvbv `„wó‡KvY †_‡K PP©v nIqv evÃbxq e‡j Avgiv g‡b Kwi| Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi m„wói bvbv avivi g~j¨vqb I Zuvi m„wói cÖevn‡K ejxqvb Ki‡j Avgv‡`i wPÎKjv-Av‡›`vjb Av‡iv AwaK LicÖevwnbx Ges AvaywbKZvi ewntcÖKv‡k D¾¡j n‡e m‡›`n †bB| kZevwl©Kx‡Z Avgiv GB Kvgbv Kwi| 

RxebcwÄ 1914

Rb¥ : 29 wW‡m¤^i, wK‡kviMÄ| wcZv : †kL ZwgRDwÏb Avng`, gv : Rqbey‡bœmv| wcZ…wbevm : gqgbwmsn knimsjMœ KuvwPSzwj MÖvg| gvZvg‡ni evwo : gqgbwmsn kn‡ii AvKzqv gv`ªvmv †KvqvU©vi| 1925 mvj ch©š— Zuvi Rxeb AwZevwnZ nq wK‡kviMÄ, †K›`yqv, wgVvgBb I †kicy‡ii _vbv m`‡i|

1922

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1926

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1930-31 1930 mv‡j gqgbwms‡ni g„Zz¨Äq ¯‹z‡j beg †kÖwY‡Z fwZ© I †mLv‡b `kg †kÖwY ch©š— Aa¨qb| †ev‡¤^ µwbKj cwÎKv Mjd †Ljvi wPÎ-A¼b wb‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZv AvnŸvb Ki‡j Zv‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i cyi¯‹vijvf| evwoi KvD‡K wKQy bv e‡j KjKvZv wM‡q AvU© ¯‹zj cwi`k©b| cvV¨MÖ‡š’i cÖwZ Ag‡bv‡hvM I wkíPP©vi cÖwZ cÖej AvMÖn j¶ K‡i g„Zz¨Äq ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wk¶K KZ…©K Rqbyj‡K AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kiv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Zuvi wcZvi Kv‡Q mycvwik| 1931 mv‡j PvKwi †_‡K Zuvi wcZvi AemiMÖnY| 1932-38 1932 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m KjKvZv miKvwi AvU© ¯‹z‡j fwZ© n‡q 1938 mv‡ji †g ch©š— †mLv‡b Aa¨qb| gqgbwmsn †Rjv †evW© †_‡K gvwmK 15 UvKv nv‡i e„wË jvf| _v‡Kb : 31 I‡q‡jmwj w÷ª‡Ui GK †g‡m Ges c‡i e‡Ûj †iv‡W| AvDU‡Wvi ÷vwW : KjKvZv I Zvi cvk¦©eZx© AÂj, gqgbwmsn Ges muvIZvj ciMbvi `ygKvq| Kgvwk©qvj KvR : nvbvwd cwÎKvq KvUz©b, †Uwej j¨v‡¤úi †kW wPÎY, eyjeyj cwÎKvq 127

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1939

KjKvZv AvU© ¯‹z‡ji wk¶K Ave`yj gC‡bi AKvjg„Zz¨i (16 gvP©) d‡j m„ó k~b¨ c‡` ¯’vqx wb‡qvMjvf| weªwUk miKv‡ii wZb eQi †gqv‡`i ¯‹jviwkc †c‡qI, wek¦hy× ïi“ nIqvq, weª‡Ub hvÎv ¯’wMZ|

1943

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1948

1944

Rqby‡ji 12wU `ywf©¶-wP‡Îi cÖwZwjwcmn Bjv †mb-iwPZ Darkening Days of Bengal cÖKvwkZ|

1945

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1946

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128

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1952

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1954

1955

16-21 Rvbyqvwi XvKvq AvU© MÖ“‡ci cÖ_g cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ| 18 Rvbyqvwi ga¨g cyÎ Lvqi“j Av‡ew`‡bi Rb¥| mvs¯‹…wZK m‡¤§jb (16-17 gvP©) Dcj‡¶ PÆMÖvg Mgb| G-eQ‡ii cÖ_gv‡a© XvKvi 73 kvwš—bM‡i cyi‡bv febmn †`o weNv AvqZ‡bi GKwU c­U µq| GK eQ‡ii ¯‹jviwkc wb‡q 3 AvM÷ jÛb Mgb Ges †mLv‡b †¯­W ¯‹zj Ad Av‡U© D”PZi cÖwk¶Y MÖnY| 3-8 wW‡m¤^i iq¨vj BwÛqv cvwK¯—vb A¨vÛ wm‡jvb †mvmvBwUi D‡`¨v‡M jÛ‡bi Bg‡cwiqvj Bbw÷wUD‡U GKK cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ| G-eQ‡i AuvKv Zuvi D‡j­L‡hvM¨ wPÎKg© : muvIZvj `¤úwZ, `yB muvIZvj igYx, Kvj‰ekvLx, Kjwm Kuv‡L bvix, we‡`ªvnx Mi“, gB †`Iqv, cÖmvab cÖf„wZ| 14-26 Rvbyqvwi jÛ‡bi evK©‡j M¨vjvwi‡Z Av‡iKwU GKK cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ| d«vÝ, †¯úb, BZvwj I Zzi¯‹ mdi| †fwb‡m BD‡b‡¯‹vi D‡`¨v‡M Av‡qvwRZ Avš—R©vwZK wkí-m‡¤§j‡b †hvM`vb| AvM‡÷ †`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©b| 9 RyjvB Rb¥ Kwbô cyÎ gBbyj Av‡ew`‡bi| †g‡qv ¯‹zj Ad Av‡U©i D‡`¨v‡M jv‡nv‡ii Avjnvgivq GKK cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ (14-21 †m‡Þ¤^i)| G-eQ‡i AuvKv Zuvi D‡j­L‡hvM¨ wPÎKg© : cvBb¨vi gv, gv I wkï, Avqbvmn ea~, ebc‡_ GKvwKbx, †Kkweb¨vm, wPš—v, mvcy‡oi †g‡q, ¸YUvbv cÖf„wZ| 5 †deª“qvwi kvnev‡M Pvi“Kjv Bbw÷wUD‡Ui bZzb fe‡bi wfwËcÖ¯—i ¯’vcb| gvRnvi“j Bmjv‡gi AvaywbK bKkvq wbwg©Z G-fe‡bi wbg©vYKvR Rqbyj wb‡R `yeQ‡iiI AwaKKvj Z`viK K‡ib| 23-27 GwcÖj AbywôZ XvKvi mvs¯‹…wZK m‡¤§j‡bi GKwU Awa‡ek‡b mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ cvjb| ga¨ AvM‡÷ XvKvq wbwLj cvwK¯— vb cÖ _g wkí-cÖ`k©bxi Av‡qvRb| AvM‡÷ XvKvi †m¸bevwMPvq AvU© Bbw÷wUDU fe‡b cÖ_g †jvKwkí-cÖ`k©bxi Av‡qvRb : g~j D‡`¨v³v Rqbyj| cvwK¯—vb AvU© KvDw݇ji D‡`¨v‡M KivwP‡Z Zuvi GKK cÖ`k©bxi

Av‡qvRb| G-Dcj‡¶ mcwiev‡i gvme¨vcx KivwP mdi| 1956

A‡±ve‡i Pvi“Kjv Bbw÷wUD‡Ui wbR¯^ feb kvnev‡M ¯’vbvš—wiZ| Zvi Av‡M 25 AvM÷ GK eQ‡ii iK‡djvi dvD‡Ûk‡bi Aax‡b Rvcvb, hy³ivóª, †gw·‡Kv, KvbvWv, weª‡Ub, Rvg©v wb, †ejwRqvg, d« vÝ, BZvwj, myBRvij¨vÛ I †¯úb md‡ii D‡Ï‡k XvKv Z¨vM| 11 †m‡Þ¤^i gqgbwms‡n wcZ…we‡qvM| 29 †m‡Þ¤^i †_‡K 3 A‡±vei ch© š— †UvwKIi `vBgvi“ wWcvU© ‡g›U †÷v‡i Zuv i GKK cÖ`k© bx Aby wôZ| b‡f¤^‡ii wØZxq mßv‡n mvbd«v wÝm‡Kv wgDwRqvg Ad AvU©‡m AbywôZ Av‡iKwU GKK cÖ`k©bx|

1957

8 †_‡K 29 GwcÖj IqvwksU‡bi w¯§_‡mvwbqvb Bbw÷wUDk‡b GKK wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ| †g gv‡m wbDBq‡K© Ges Ryb gv‡m Rvg©vwb‡Z †QvU AvKv‡ii `ywU wPÎ-cÖ` k© b x Aby wôZ| AvM‡÷ †`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©b|

1958

kvnev‡Mi AvU© Bbw÷wUD‡U GKwU †jvKwkí-cÖ `k© b xi Av‡qvRb| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq dRjyj nK n‡ji Rxeb m`m¨ g‡bvbxZ| PÆMÖv‡g AbywôZ mvwnZ¨-m‡¤§j‡b (2-4 †g) †hvM`vb Ges GKwU Awa‡ek‡b mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ cvjb I cÖeÜ cvV|

1959

cvwK¯— v ‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U-cÖ` Ë m‡e© v”P m¤§vbRbK cy i¯‹vi ÔcÖ vBW Ad cvidi‡gÝÕ jvf| m‡e©v”P miKvwi †LZve Ôwnjvj-B-BgwZqvRÕ-G f~wlZ| ÔmsMÖv gÕ (Kv`vq AvU‡K cov Mi“i Mvwo) kxl©K weL¨vZ wPÎwU GM †U‡¤úivq A¼b (1955-†Z mwjgyj­vn nj evwl©Kxi cÖ”Q‡` GiB GKwU iƒc Gu‡KwQ‡jb eªv‡k)|

1961

Avgwš¿Z miKvwi AwZw_ wn‡m‡e †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb mdi| g‡¯‹v‡Z Zuvi GKwU GKK wPÎ-cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ; ¯^Y©c`K jvf|

1962

XvKvi †m¸bevwMPvq M¨vjvwimn AvU© KvDw݇ji wbR¯^ feb-cÖwZôvi e¨vcv‡i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb|

1963

AvU© Bbw÷wUDU 1963-64 wk¶vel© †_‡K K‡j‡R iƒcvš—wiZ| BwZc~‡e©Kvi cuvP eQ‡ii †Kvm©wU cÖvK-weGdG I weGdG wWwMÖ †Kv‡m© iƒcvš—wiZ| 129

1964

†c‡kvqvi wek¦we`¨vj‡q dvBb AvU© wefvM Pvjy Kivi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q AvM‡÷ †c‡kvqvi Mgb I †mLv‡b mvZ gvm Ae¯’vb|

1965

†deª “qvwii †k‡l †c‡kvqvi †_‡K XvKv cÖZ¨veZ©b|

1966

AviwmwWfy³ †`kmg~‡ni (cvwK¯—vb, Bivb I Zz i¯‹) cÂg wØevwl©K wPÎKjv-cÖ`k©bxi wePviK wn‡m‡e †Znivb Mgb|

1967

4 b‡f¤^i miKvwi Pvi“ I Kvi“Kjv K‡j‡Ri Aa¨‡¶i c` †_‡K †¯^”Qvq Aemi MÖnY| AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e K‡j‡Ri wk¶v_x©‡`i Øviv ÔwkívPvh©Õ Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ|

1968

†Uwjwfkb, wdj¥ I cvewj‡Kk‡Ýi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii Abvivwi AvU© A¨vWfvBRvi wbhy³| 1970 mvj ch©š— G-`vwqZ¡ cvjbKv‡j AwaKvsk mgq KivwP‡Z Ae¯’vb| 1974 12 †deª“ qvwi XvKvq ÔbevbœÕ kxl© K cÖ`k©bx-Av‡qvR‡b †bZ…Z¡ `vb| G-Dcj‡¶ 65 dzU `xN© ÔbevbœÕ kxl©K †¯ŒvjwPÎ AsKb| 1975 Avie jx‡Mi Avgš¿‡Y 9 †g †_‡K AvovB gvme¨vcx wgki, RW©vb, wmwiqv I †jevbb mdi| mdiKv‡j c¨v‡j÷vBb DØv¯‘ wkweimg~n I †Mwijv-hy‡×i GjvKv cwi`k©b, Zv‡`i wb‡q wPÎ-A¼b I Kvq‡iv‡Z cÖ`k©bx Av‡qvRb| 11 b‡f¤^‡ii DcK‚jxq So I R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi ZvÊe cÖZ¨¶ Kivi ci Zv wb‡q Ôgbcyiv Õ70Õ kxl©K 30 dzU `xN© †¯ŒvjwPÎA¼b (wPÎwU AuvKv nq gyw³hy‡×i c‡i)| 1976 †deª “qvwi‡Z gIjvbv fvmvbx-Avn~ Z gqgbwms‡ni GK Rbmfvq e³…Zv cÖ`vb Ges Ôwnjvj-B-BgwZqvRÕ †LZve cÖZ¨vL¨v‡bi †NvlYv| 12 gvP© evsjv Pvi“ I 1977 Kvi“wkíx msMÖv g cwil`-Av‡qvwRZ Ô¯^ v axbZvÕ kxl© K wgwQ‡j †bZ… Z ¡` vb| msMÖn : gyw³hy‡×i bq gvm XvKv‡ZB Ae¯’vb| Z‡e 29 gvP© †_‡K 10 GwcÖj ch©š— eywoM½vi Icv‡i GK AvZ¥xq evwo‡Z Ae¯’vb; Zvi g‡a¨ 2 GwcÖ j wRwÄivq cvKevwnbxi †Mvjv¸wji g‡a¨ c‡ob|

1970

1971

1972

130

Rvbyqvwi‡Z †K›`ªxq knx` wgbvi cybwb©g©v‡Yi †miv bKkv-evQvB KwgwUi m`m¨ wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb| †deª“ qvwi‡Z †dwmqvj c¨vivjvBwm‡m Avµvš— n‡q GwcÖ‡j miKvwi

D‡`¨v‡M wPwKrmvi Rb¨ jÛb Mgb| gyw³hy× wb‡q AuvKv wkï-wK‡kvi‡`i Qwe m‡½ wb‡q wM‡q jÛ‡bi KgbI‡qj_ Bbw÷wUD‡U Zv cÖ`k©bxi e¨e¯’v| †`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi ci nv‡Z-†jLv msweavb-ˆZwii mvwe© K ZË¡veav‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb| b‡f¤^‡i Zuvi Ici `y e Q‡ii Rb¨ Awc© Z nq evsjv GKv‡Wwgi mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡fvi| 1973

GwcÖ‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq KZ…©K wZb eQ‡ii Rb¨ wfwRwUs cÖ‡dmi wbhy³| w`wj­ wek¦we`¨vjq KZ…©K Abvivwi wW. wjU. wWwMÖ‡Z f~wlZ| wWwMÖ MÖnY (15 †g) Dcj‡¶ m¯¿xK fviZ mdi| b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^‡i fvi‡Z AbywôZ mgKvjxb wkíKjv-cÖ`k©bx‡Z AskMÖnY Ges cÖ`k©bx-Dcj‡¶ fviZ mdiiZ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwbwa`‡ji †bZ…Z¡`vb| evsjv‡`k wkíKjv GKv‡Wgx-MV‡bi †¶‡Î f~wgKv cvjb Ges GKv‡Wgxi KvDwÝj-m`m¨ g‡bvbxZ| 17 gvP© RvZxq Aa¨vcK wbhy³| Avgwš¿Z miKvwi AwZw_ wn‡m‡e †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb mdi| hvÎv ïi“ Zuvi `yB ¯^‡cœi cÖwZôv‡bi : †mvbviMuv q Ôevsjv‡`k †jvKR Pvi“ I Kvi“Kjv dvD‡ÛkbÕ (miKvwi †M‡RU cÖKvk : 12 gvP©) Ges gqgbwms‡n ÔRqbyj msMÖnkvjvÕ (D‡Øvab : 15 GwcÖj)| †m‡Þ¤^i †_‡K Amy¯ ’Z v‡eva| wW‡m¤^ ‡i dzm dz‡ m K¨vÝvi †ivM kbv³| Rvbyqvwi †_‡K gvP© ch©š— `ygvm jÛ‡b wPwKrmv MÖnY| 7 †g XvKvi wcwR nvmcvZv‡j fwZ©; 28 †g Rxebvemvb| Rvbyqvwi‡Z wkíKjv GKv‡Wgx‡Z wkí-cÖ`k©bx AbywôZ| b¨vkbvj wgDwRqvg, eªv‡mjm (†ejwRqvg); wmbwm‡bU wgDwRqvg (gvwK©b hy³ivóª); mvbd«vwÝm‡Kv wgDwRqvg Ad AvU©m (gvwK©b hy³ivóª); jv‡nvi wgDwRqvg (cvwK¯— vb); RvZxq Rv`yNi (XvKv); Rqbyj msMÖnkvjv (gqgbwmsn) cÖfw„ Z| GQvov †`‡k I we‡k¦i eû ¯’v‡b wkívbyivMx‡`i e¨w³MZ msMÖ‡n Zuvi Qwe msiw¶Z Av‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ we‡klfv‡e D‡j­L‡hvM¨ : wWDK Ad GwWbeivi e¨w³MZ msMÖn| msKjK : ˆmq` AvwRRyj nK

kÖ ×v Ä wj

wd‡i †`Lv : wRj­yi ingvb wmwÏKx mbrKzgvi mvnv

wm

wÏKx m¨viI P‡j †M‡jb| wRj­yi ingvb wmwÏKx| Avgv‡`i wk¶v I ms¯‹…wZi RM‡Z D¾¡jZg b¶‡Îi GKwU| Zuvi g‡Zv huviv, G‡K G‡K P‡j hv‡”Qb mevB| gvÎ Kw`b Av‡M mvjvn&DÏxb m¨vi P‡j †M‡jb| e‡iY¨ HwZnvwmK mvjvn&DÏxb Avn&g`| KvQvKvwQ mg‡q Kwe Aveyj †nv‡mb| MZ `y-eQ‡ii †fZ‡i Av‡iv wPiwe`vq wb‡q‡Qb Aa¨vcK Kexi †PŠayix, Lvb mviIqvi gyiwk`, mi`vi dRjyj Kwig, gykviid †nv‡mb| Ab¨ AvKv‡ki K_v fvewQ bv| GB AvKv‡k Av‡jv wbf‡Q| Zuv‡`i mg‡qi| GgbUvB ¯^vfvweK| Zey †kvK AcÖwZ‡iva¨| Afve‡ev‡ai k~b¨ZvI| mgqUv nvwi‡q hv‡”Q| hv‡K Aej¤^b K‡i `uvwo‡q Av‡Q eZ©gvb, †mB mgq| GKRb-`yRb GL‡bv Av‡Qb| duvKv RvqMvUvB Zuviv wPwb‡q †`b| Avgv‡`i AmnvqZvI| †evanq, Zuv‡`i wbi“cvq wbtm½ZvI| 131

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