Sophia B, B block

IMMIGRATION

1919-1920

SOPHIA BLIER BLOCK: B

The proses of immigration was a very long and dangerous proses.

SUBTOPICS ON THE TIME PERIOD: -ANNE FRANK -CONSENTRATION CAMPS -THE STOLEN CHILD [1]

ISSUE 15 $10 USD

INTRO

Holocaust: January 30th, 1933 to May 8th, 1945

Fact: Hitler never visited a single concentration camp.

This picture shows the immigration rout that Rifka and her family took to get to America.

ARTICLE

Have you ever imagined having you, your friends, and millions of other people being killed just because you are of a certain religion? This is how it was for Jews during the Holocaust, millions of Jews were killed just because they were Jewish. The Holocaust lasted 4 years (1933-1945) and was an awful time for Jews in Europe because of Hitler’s idea of a “pure race”.

There were many different events that took place during the Holocaust, and in this newspaper three events are

covered: Anne Frank, Concentration Camps, and the Aryan Race. Anne Frank is a story of a young Jewish girl who lived during the Holocaust.

Concentration camps were camps that would detain the Jews, they were under very harsh condition in the camps, and millions of people died. The Aryan Race is a race that consists of children with blond hair and blue eyes, the kids were taken away from there homes and made to live with German families.

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This is a picture of the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler. He was born on April 20th, 1889 in Austria, and died April 30th, 1945 in Berlin Germany.

Holocaust

SUB-TOPICS

-Anne Frank -Consentration Camps -Aryan Race

“Laziness might appear attractive, but work give satisfaction.” Anne Frank

ANNE FRANK Anne Frank was born in Frankfurt Germany, in 1929. Anne’s parents were Otto and Edith Frank, and her sister was Margot Frank, who was 3 years older than Anne. In March of 1933 Anne’s family decided to emigrate to the Netherlands, because Otto found business there. The Frank family feels safe in the Netherlands, and the kids are going to school there too. Although soon after World War II starts and on May 10th 1940 Germany invades the Netherlands. After that the Franks were in danger again.

Soon after Germany invaded the Netherlands the Frank family went into hiding, they lived with Herman and Auguste Van Pels and their son Peter and Fritz Pfeffer. While the families were in hiding they were not allowed to go outside, and the curtains couldn’t be open during the day or they risk the neighbors seeing them. After two years of staying in hiding an anonymous tip was sent to the Security police (SS) which led to the Frank’s hiding place. And on August 4th, 1944 the two families were discovered and arrested. The families were split up and sent to concentration camps. On February of 1945, at age 14 Anne died of Typhus.

THE ARYAN RACE

CONCENTRATION CAMPS

The aryan race consisted of children or adults with blond hair and blue eyes. Thousands of children in poland were taken from their homes at about age 14. The children were put on trains guarded by armed soldiers.

After the kids were taken to Kalisz, Poland. After the children arrived in Kalisz they were bathed and their personal belongings were taken away.

When the children were in Kalisz they were given German lessons and were made to wear “Hitler Youth” uniforms.

Kids were put through many racial tests, and they put them through “Germanization”. After the children were sent to german families and from then on were considered german.

The first concentration camps started in Germany in January 1933.

A concentration camp is a camp that detains the people, and the people are under very harsh conditions. The Nazis came into power on January 30th 1933, and ruled the concentration camps. Soon after the Germans made camps all over Germany. After December 1934 the Security Police (SS) was the only organization allowed to manage the concentration camps.

The concentration camps were also called “The SS Death’s - Head Unit”.

Nazis also made places called Killing Centers in Poland, which had the largest population of Jews. The killing centers were made for mass murder.

The first killing center was opened in December 1941.

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This picture is of many young children being detained in a concentration camp.

LETTERS FROM RIFKA BY: KAREN HESSE

We have just found a letter from a young girl on her immigration trip and we would like to share it with you: Dear Tovah, I have been on this train for what feels like ages now, and I can’t wait to get to America! We are immigrating to America from the Ukraine to escape the war, and Papa says there are many good opportunities there too. Today we will arrive in Warsaw. Once we are in Warsaw we will get checked for disease then we will be ready to leave for America at last! Now that we are in Warsaw everyone in my family must be tested before we can leave for America. At last it was my turn I took off my kerchief and the doctor checked my hair. As my family was going to buy our boat tickets the doctor stopped us. He told my mom and dad that I would not be able to leave for America because I had a disease called ringworm. I couldn’t believe it Tovah, I wouldn’t be able to go to America! I was told that I would be staying with a family in Belgium until my ringworm healed the I would

be able to join the rest of my family in America. I still couldn’t believe it all want is to be with the rest of my family in America now. I hope my new family in Belgium will be nice.

Shalom, Rifka

THIS IS THE LETTER THAT WAS WRITTEN BACK: Dear Rifka, I am so sorry to hear you won’t be able to leave for America with you family. I also hope you family in Belgium is as nice as your true family. I hope that there are many other kids there that you can become friends with too. Hopefully you will make it to America soon, although I will be very sad to think that there is a whole ocean between us. But for now my best wishes go to you Rifka. I miss you so much.

Shalom, Tovah

This is a time line of some of the events in the holocaust

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Works Cited "Concentration Camps." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

United States Holocaust Memorial Council, n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

Hesse, Karen. Letters from Rifka. New York: H. Holt, 1992. Print.

"The Holocaust." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

Leapman, Michael. Witnesses to War: Eight True-life Stories of Nazi Persecution. London: New York, N.Y., USA, 1998. Print.

Museum, Anne Frank. "Anne Frank Museum Amsterdam - the Official Anne Frank House Website." Anne Frank House. Anne Frank House, n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2015.

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Lexicon Organizer ​

TYPE YOUR TIME PERIOD HER

Choose 20 words from your bookmark that BEST REFLECT the historical time period in which your book takes place.

ORGANIZE the words in ​ALPHABETICAL ORDER​!!!

Word

Part of Speech (noun, verb, adj)

Definition

Sentence from book & Page #

(in context with the story)

How is this word meaningful to the time period of your book? Explain.

1.Antwerp

noun

Antwerp is a city in Belgium.

pg.” July 29, 1920 Antwerp, Belgium”

2.Belgium

noun

A country in europe that borders France and Germany.

p. 66 Many people who “Dear Tovah, I have just arrived couldn’t go america in Belgium” because of disease stayed in Belgium until they were better.

3.Berdichev

noun

A small town in Russia.

pg. 1 “At the very best we would end up in that filthy prison in Berdichev.”

Because most Jew were leaving Russia and Berdichev is in Russia.

4.Cabarets

noun

Entertainment at a restaurant with an audience.

pg. 67 “The beautiful carriages and horses trotting along the streets, the cabarets and the hula dancers.

This word gives you the feel of something someone might do any old day, and what it was like back then.

5.Disease

noun

A disorder or a sickness that can

This was a huge part of my time period because

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Antwerp was a city that many people would stay in if they had a disease and couldn’t go to America yet.

Lexicon Organizer ​

TYPE YOUR TIME PERIO

Choose 20 words from your bookmark that BEST REFLECT the historical time period in which your book takes pla ORGANIZE the words in ​ALPHABETICAL ORDER​!!! happen to any living organism.

many people died of disease and there we ton of diseases going around that there was a cure for.

This shows the harsh treatment on the immigrants.

6.Fumigations

verb

To get rid of any bad pg. “But after two fumigations, pests or diseases. my old clothes were falling to pieces.”

7.Flemish

noun (A language)

One of the two languages of Belgium,almost the same as Dutch

pg.63 “I said again, beginning in It show what language Flemish, finishing in Yiddish.” were spoken during th time period.

8. Jews

noun

A religion.

pg. 6 “The blame would be on us because we were jews.”

9.Peruke

noun

A wig that someone would wear.

pg.71 “There are wigs, perukes, but a short, ugly peruke on my head? What a thought!”

10.Pushkin

noun

Pushkin was a Russian author and was considered one of the greatest Russian poet.

pg.3 “Your gift to me, the book of Pushkin, I did not pack.”

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It shows that the Russians would blame the Jews on different problems even though wasn't their fault. They were very harsh to them.

This gives a feel of the culture, and who/what was read and used at the time.

Lexicon Organizer ​

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11.Ringworm

noun

A very itchy skin disease.

pg. 42 “ “She has a skin disease, ringworm.“ “

This was a very common disease that affected many people during this time period.

12.rucksack

noun

A bag with shoulder straps and Is meant to be used on your back.

Pg.5 “ “Rifka, run and fill your rucksack with all your belongings.”

This show what some o the things people might use during the time period.

13.Russia

noun

A large country in pg.1 “September 2, 1919 Asia which borders Russia.”

Norway and Finland, Estonia and Latvia, Lithuania and Poland.

14.Sabbath

noun

A day of religious respect from Jews that takes place from friday to saturday evening.

This shows religion from the time period and how it was celebrated.

15.Sholom

exclamation

A Jewish salutation pg.15 Shalom to you, at a meeting or a Rifka parting which means “peace”.

It shows the language that the Jews used during the time period.

16.Steerage

noun

The part on the ship pg.73 “...But the poor people where people stay, travel in steerage.” that is very low class and cheap.

It shows how many people were accommodated back in my time period.

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pg.70 “I ache to smell the kindled Sabbath candles and to hear Papa and Mama’s voices in prayer.

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17.Tallis

noun

A shawl worn by Jewish men during prayer.

18.Ukraine

noun

A country in Europe pg.1 “...rolling west through bordering ​Poland, Ukraine on a freight train bound Slovakia, Hungary, for Poland.”

Romania, Moldova, Russia, and Belarus.

It helps show one of the destinations for many people, and part of the immigration rout.

19.Warsaw

noun

Warsaw is the capital of Poland.

pg.33 “Warsaw is where we pick up the money for our steamship tickets.”

This was a very important city during the process of immigration.

20.Yiddish

noun

A language used by Jews in Europe before the holocaust.

pg.64 “I chattered in a mixture This shows culture of Flemish and Yiddish, gripping because it was a the milkman's hand tightly.” language that was used by many Jews.

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pg.71 “And Papa, wrapped in his tallis,...”

This also helps you get an idea about religion back then.