"\Ωp-sS ]-©mbØv ip-Nn-Xz-Øn-s‚ ]m-Xbn¬ ]-©m-b-Øn-s‚ ip-NnXzw \-Ωp-sS ssI-Ifn¬"
]I¿-®-hym-[nI-sf AI-‰n \n¿-ØpI ]-cn-k-c ip-Nn-Xz {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°v ap≥-ssI F-Sp°pI
\-Ωp-sS e£yw am-en-\y-ap-‡ tIc-fw
]-ªn-kn-‰n hn-`mKw, ]-©mb-Øv h-Ip∏v
]©mbØv cmPv
D≈S°w
sk]v-‰w_¿ 2012
5
FUn-‰-dp-sS t]Pv
6
km¥z-\ ip-{iq-j \-Ωp-sS km-aq-lnI D-Ø-c-hm-ZnXzw tUm. Fw sI ap\o¿
8
tIc-f-Ønse hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃ ˛ Hcp Xmc-Xay ]T\w tUm. kn. {]Zo]v
35
a¶c {Kma]©mbØn¬ kºq¿Æ s]≥j≥ ]≤Xn Fw.F≥. tKmIp¬Zmkv
24 12 16
kuP\yhpw \n¿_‘nXhpamb hnZym`ymkw Ip´nIfpsS AhImi \nbaw ˛ 2009
h‰n-Øp-S-ßp∂ \ocp-d-h-Iƒ kvanj. kn
28
C˛-K-th-W≥kv \yqkv
36
]cnjv°cn® Bkq{XW am¿§tcJbpw k_vknUn am\Zfißfpw
APnXv shÆnbq¿
tUm. sP._n. cmP≥
30
aÆp]-c-y-th-j-Whpw aÆpkwc-£-Whpw am\-h-cm-in-bpsS \ne-\n¬∏n-\v.... Fw.-F.- kp-[o¿_m-_p
22
BtcmKycwKsØ s]cpaIfpambn ]pemat¥mƒ Fw.sI. d^oJ
Ncn{Xw kr„n®h¿ Ncn{XsagpXptºmƒ...
32
]©m-bØv A°u≠v: kwi-b-ßfpw adp-]-Sn-Ifpw DZ-b-`m\p It≠Øv
40
tX™p-am™p t]mIp∂ {KmaoW samgn-ap-Øp-Iƒ apcfo[-c≥ X-g-°-c
42
hm¿Ø-Iƒ hn-tij߃
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
apJhnebvs°Sp°Ww BKÃv e°w ]©mbØvcmPv amknI {it≤bambncp∂p. t]mbImesØ kº¬kar≤nbpsSbpw kaXzkpµc AgnaXnclnX \mSns‚bpw kvacWIfpW¿Øp∂ HmWsØ°pdn®pw hnip≤ s]cp∂mƒ amksØ Ipdn®pap≈ teJ\߃ lrZbip≤n hcpØp∂hbmbncp∂p. hoSpIfn¬ HcpImeØv D≠mbncp∂ HmWkZy C∂p ]ebnSØpw tlm´epIfnte°v tNt°dnbncn°p∂p. \ocpdhIfnse sh≈Øn\p]Icw Ip∏nsh≈ambn. CXp ]ptcmKXn As√∂p a\ nem°Ww. {]apJ Irjn imkv{X⁄\mb B¿. tlenbpsS teJ\Øn¬ Nq≠n°mWn®Xpt]mse Irjn°pw Irjn°mc\pw k¿∆{X ]n¥pWbpw \¬Im≥ hni∏v F∂ hnImcap≈ k¿∆cpw ISs∏´hcmWv. ]©mbØpIfn¬ ]≤Xn Bkq{XWw XIrXnbmbn \S°p∂ Cu thfbn¬ A[nIrX¿ CXp apJhnebv°v FSp°psa∂v {]Xo£n°p∂p. B¬hn≥. Pn, Beph
`c-W-`mj: amXr-`mj DØ-c-hmbn
Xt±i`cW sXc-s™-Sp∏v \nt£-]Ø - p-Ibpw sNehv ]cn-[nbpw Db¿Øn
tIcf \nb-a-k-`-bpsS 2011˛14 Ime-bf - h - n--te-°p≈ HutZym-KnI `mj kw_-‘n® kan-Xn-bpsS H∂m-aXv dnt∏m¿´nse ip]m¿ibpsS ASn--ÿm-\Ø - n¬ 2012 \hw_¿ H∂v apX¬ Hcp h¿j-°mew `c-W` - m-j˛- a - m-Xr-`mj h¿j-ambn BN- c n- ° p∂- X n\v A\p- a Xn \¬In- DØ-c-hm-bn.
Xt±-i-`-cW sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ a’-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v sI´n-h-bvt°≠ XpI-bpw, sXc-s™-Sp∏v sNehv ]cn-[nbpw h¿≤n-∏n-®p. sI´n-h-bv°m-\p≈ XpI {Kma-]©m-bØv hm¿Un¬ \qdv Bbn-cp-∂Xv Bbn-ca - mbpw ap≥kn-∏m-en-‰n-bnepw tªm°v ]©m- b - Ø n- e pw tIm¿∏- t d- j - \ nepw 200 cq] 3000 Bbpw h¿≤n- ∏ n®p ÿm\m¿∞nI-fpsS sXc-s™-Sp∏v sNehv ]cn[n {Kma-]-©m-b-Øn¬ 5000¬ \n∂v 15000 Bbpw tªm°v ]©m-b-Øn¬ 15000 ¬ \n∂v 30000 Bbpw Pn√m ]©m-b-Øn¬ 30000 \n∂v 60000 Bbpw Db¿Øn. ap≥-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bn¬ sNe-hgn-°m-hp∂ XpI 5000 ¬ \n∂v 30000 Bbpw tIm¿∏-td-j-\nse ]cn[n 10000¬ \n∂v 60000 Bbpw h¿≤n-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.
tI
sI.-F¬.-Pn.-F-kv.-Un.]n ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]mSn
cf tem°¬ Kh¨sa‚ v k¿hokv sUen-hdn t{]mP-IvSns‚ (sI.-F¬.-Pn.-F-kv.-Un.-]n) B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ kwÿm-\-sØm´msI-bp≈ {Kma ]©m-b-Øp-I-fn-sebpw ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-I-fn-sebpw Poh-\-°m¿°v th≠n-bp≈ Pn-√mXe ]cn-io-e-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-bpsS DZvLm-S\w ]©m-bØv kmaqly-t£a hIp∏v a{¥n tUm. Fw.-sI. ap\o¿ \n¿h-ln-®p. t{]mP-IvSns‚ \SØn-∏p-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnhn[ hnj-bßsf Bkv-]-Zam°n t{]mPIvSv amt\-Pvsa‚ v bqWn-‰nse DtZym-Kÿ - ¿ ¢mkp-Is - f-Sp-Øp. {Kma ]©m--bØ - p-If - n-sebpw ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-If - n-sebpw πm≥ ¢¿°p-amcpw Hmh¿kn-b¿amcp-amWv ]cn-io-e\ - Ø - n¬ ]s¶-Sp-ØX - v. kwÿm-\sØ F√m Pn√-I-fn-epw ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]mSn hym]n-∏n-°pw. Xncp- h - \ - ¥ - ] p- c Øp ]©m- b Øv At m- k n- t b- j ≥ lmfn¬ \S∂ NS-ßn¬ Pn√m πm\nwKv Hm^o-k¿ {ioIpam-c≥ \mb¿ A≤y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂p. sIF¬.-Pn.-F-kv.-Un.-]n. sU]yq´n t{]mPIvSv Ub-d-IvS¿ tUm. hn.-]n. kpIp-am-c≥ tIcf tem°¬ Kh¨sa‚ v k¿hokv sUen-hdn t{]mP-IvSns‚ kzm-K-Xhpw Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw ]©m-bØv sU]yq´n Ub-dB`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfnse Poh-\° - m¿°v Iv S ¿ tKm]- I p- a m¿ Biw- k bpw t\¿∂p. I∏m- k n‰n th≠n-bp≈ Pn√m-Xe ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS DZvLmS\w _n¬UnwKv kvs]jy-enÃv tUm. sI. IrjvW-Ip-am¿ Ir-X]©m-b-Øv kmaq-ly-t£a hIp∏v a{¥n tUm. Fw.-sI. ap\o¿ ⁄X tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn. \n¿h-ln-°p-∂p.
4
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
]©mbØv cmPv ]©m-bØv hIp∏v {]kn-≤o-I-cWw
sk]v-‰w_¿ 2012 ]pkvXIw 52 e°w 6 hm¿jnI hcnkwJy:
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www.lsgkerala.gov.in
120
D]tZiI kanXn sNb¿am≥
tUm. Fw.-sI. ap\o¿ ]©m-bØv hIp∏v a{¥n AwK߃
hn.Fkv. sk¥n¬, sF.F.-Fkv. {]n≥-kn∏¬ sk{I´dn, Xt±ikzbw`cWhIp∏v
F. ^n-tdmkv UbdIvS¿ C≥^¿ta-j≥ & ]ªnIv dntej≥kv hIp∏v
]n.Sn. amXyp {]kn-U‚v tIcf {Kma]©mbØv Atkmkntbj≥
Pn. cmPohv sk{I´dn, {]kv ¢∫v, Xncph\¥]pcw
Pn. lcn-Ir-jvW≥ ]ªnkn‰n Hm^ok¿, ]©m-bØv hIp∏v I¨ho-\¿
Fkv. efnXmw_nI, sF.F.-Fkv. ]©mbØv UbdIvS¿ FUn- ‰ ¿
Fkv. efnXmw_nI, sF.F.-Fkv.
e-mail: directorofpanchayat@gmail.com Ph: 0471-2323286
Akn v FUn- ‰ ¿
Pn. lcn-Ir-jvW≥ e-mail: pub.off@gmail.com Ph: 0471-2321280
Ih¿ Unssk≥ & te Hu´v F._n.kn. I-f¿ kn-Ãwkv teJIcpsS A`n{]mbw k¿°mcnt‚Xmbncn°Wsa∂n√. AhbpsS ]q¿Æamb DØchmZnXzw teJI¿°v am{Xambncn°pw. ]c- k - y - ß - f psS D≈- S - ° - Ø nepw ]©m- b Øv c mPn\v DØ- c - h m- Z n- X - z - a n- √ . ta¬hn- emkw FUn- ‰ ¿ ]©m- b Øv cmPv amknI ]©m- b Øv Ub- d - I v S - t d- ‰ v , ayq- k nbw ]n.- H . Xncp- h - \ - ¥ - ] pcw ˛ 695033.
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
BkvXn- c-Pn-Ã-dp-Iƒ: C\nbpw sshI-cp-Xv
C
≥^¿ta-j≥ tIcf anj≥ hnI-kn-∏n® "kNn{X' tkm^-‰vshb¿ aptJ\ Xt±-ik-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS BkvXn cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ Xøm-dm°p-∂X - n-\p≈ hni-Za - mb DØ-chv k¿°m¿ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv. Hmtcm Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\hpw 2012 am¿® 31 hsc B¿÷n® BkvXn-IfpsS ]q¿Æ-hn-hcw Xøm-dm°n _‘-s∏´ hIp-∏p-ta-[m-hn°pw Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`cW hIp∏v No^v F©n-\o-b¿°pw Cu amkw 30-˛-\Iw dnt∏m-¿´v sNtø-≠Xm-Wv. hnI-k\ ^≠v (Development Fund), s]mXpBh-i-y-^≠v (General Purpose Fund), kwc-£W ^≠v (Maintenance Fund) F∂n-ßs\ aq∂p-Xcw ^≠p-IfmWv k¿°m¿ {][m-\-ambpw Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃°v _UvP-‰neqsS hI-bn-cpØn \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Imem-Im-e-ß-fn¬, kwÿm\ [\-Im-cy IΩoj≥ ip]m¿i-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hnI-k\ ^≠pw s]mXp Bh-i-y^≠pw IrX-y-amb am\-Z-WvU-߃ {]Imcw hnX-cWw sNøm≥ km[n-°p-∂p≠v. F∂m¬ Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS BkvXn-Iƒ kw_-‘n® hnhc tiJ-cWw imkv{Xo-bm-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ km[n-°m-ØXp ImcWw BkvXn-I-fpsS kwc-£-W-Øn\pw ]cn-]m-e-\-Ø-n\p-ambn \¬In hcp∂ kwc-£W ^≠ns‚ hnX-c-W-Øn¬ G‰-Ip-d-®n-ep-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p≠v. CXp ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n 2005 h¿jw apX¬ BkvXn cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ Xømdm-°p-∂X - n-\p≈ \S-]S- n-Iƒ kwÿm-\Øv Bcw-`n-®n-cp-∂p. Ign™ Ggp h¿j߃°n-S-bn¬ \nc-h[n am¿§-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw ]cn-io-e-\-ß-fp-sams° \¬Inbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ Xøm-dm-°nb cPn-Ã-dp-I-fn¬ ]eXnepw [mcmfw A]m-IX - I - ƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂X - n-\m¬ BkvXn-If - psS kwÿm\-Xe t{ImUo-I-cWw km≤-y-am-bncp-∂n-√. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ A]m-I-X-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hy-‡hpw hni-Z-hp-amb \n¿t±-i-ß-fmWv 2012 BKÃv 6se k¿°m¿ DØ-c-hn-eqsS \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ßfpsS BkvXn-, B¿÷n® h¿jw, sNe-hmb XpI, hn`mKw F∂nh am{X-amWv IrX-y-amb bqWn-‰p-Ifn¬ "kNn{X' tkm^v‰vshb-dn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv. ap≥Im-e-ß-fn¬ B¿÷n® BkvXn-I-fpsS aqeyw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\v Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb sshj-a-y-߃ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ Xt±-i-`-c-W-ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬ hn\y-kn-®n-´p≈ "kmwJy' tkm^v‰vshb¿ aptJ\ \S-∏m-°p∂ U_nƒ F≥{Sn k{º-Zm-b-Øn-ep≈ A°u-≠nwKv ]q¿Øn-bm-°-W-sa-¶n¬ BkvXn-Iƒ B¿÷n-°p-∂-Xn\v sNe-hmb XpI tcJ-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv A\n-hm-c-yam-Wv. AXn\m¬ sNe-hmb XpI-bpsS hni-Zmw-i-߃ e`-y-a-s√-¶n¬-t]mepw efn-X-amb am¿§ßfn-eqsS AXp Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ hni-Z-amb \n¿t±-i-߃ k¿°m¿ \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ BkvXn cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-ep≠m-bn-cp∂ F√m Ah-y-‡-X-Ifpw Ct∏mƒ amdn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ Xøm-dm-°p∂ tU‰m-t_-kp-Iƒ Pn√m Xe-Øn¬ inev]im-e-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n®v Ip‰-a-‰-Xm-°n Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW hIp∏n-s‚bpw Xt±-i`-cWÿm]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw sh_vssk-‰pIfn¬ e`-y-am-°pw. Imem-Im-e-ß-fn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ am‰-߃ Dƒs∏-SpØn BkvXn cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ ]pXp°p-∂-Xn\pw Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-Ønse sk{I-´-dn-am¿°v \n¿t±iw \¬Inbn-´p-≠v. 73,74 `c-W-L-S\m t`Z-K-Xn-Isf XpS¿∂v Xmsg-X-´n¬ A[n-Imcw hntI{µo-I-cn®p \¬In-b-tXm-sSm∏w [\-hn-tI-{µo-I-c-Whpw \S-Øn-sb-∂-XmWv tIcf kwÿm-\-Øns‚ {]tX-y-IX. am{X-a-√, hn`h hntI-{µo-I-c-W-Øn¬ Xpey-\oXn Dd-∏m-°p-∂X - n\v kwÿm\w XpS°w apX¬ Xs∂ {]tX-yIw {i≤n®n-cp-∂p. hnI-k\ ^≠v, s]mXp Bh-i-y-^≠v F∂nh t]mse kwc£W^≠n-s‚ hnX-cW - Ø - nepw Xpe-y\ - oXn Dd-∏m-°W - s - a-¶n¬ Ip‰-a‰ BkvXnc-Pn-Ã-dp-Iƒ D≠m-bmte aXn-bm-Iq. AXn-\m¬ C\nbpw Ime-Xm-akw hcpØmsX Xt±-i-k-z-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ Ah-bpsS BkvXn cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ \n›nX ka-b-]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ Xs∂ Xøm-dm-°-W-sa∂v A`-y¿∞n-°p-∂p.
5
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
tcm
tUm. Fw.sI. ap\o¿ ]©mbØv kmaqlyt£a hIp∏p a{¥n
6
Ko]cnNcWw F°meØpw FhnsSbpw a\pjycminbpsS DØchmZnØßfn¬ H∂mbn ]cnKWn°s∏´phcp∂p. ]e tcmKßfpw {]tXyIn®v hm¿≤IyØnse amcI AkpJ߃ tcmKnsb Xo{hthZ\bpsS K¿ØØn¬ BgvØp∂hbmWv. {]mbm[nIyØns‚ t¢ißfpw kmaqlnIamb H‰s∏Sepw IqSn tcmKtØmsSm∏w tNcptºmƒ BXpcX Cc´n°p∂p. Iym≥k¿amXncnbp≈ ISpØ tcmK߃ _m[n°p∂ Ip´nIƒ°pt]mepw km¥z\ NnIn’ th≠nhcp∂p. Npcp°Øn¬ \ΩpsS kaqlØnse henb Hcp hn`mKw P\X km¥z\ NnIn’ tXSp∂hcmWv. Bip]{XnIƒ°v am{Xamtbm IpSpw_mwK߃°v am{Xamtbm ]et∏mgpw tcmKn A¿ln°p∂ NnIn’bpw thZ\bn¬ \n∂v ap‡nbpw ]et∏mgpw \¬Iphm≥ Igns™∂v hcpIbn√. kaqlØns‚ apgph≥ DØchmZnØhpw ]Xnbptºmƒ am{Xta km¥z\ NnIn’kmcwKw IqSpX¬ ^e{]ZamIpIbp≈p. k∂≤kwLS\Iƒ°v tUmIvS¿-amcpsS DZya߃°v ]qcIambn {]h¿Øn°m≥ Ignbpw. tcmKnIfpsS thZ\bpw IjvS∏mSpw ian∏n°p∂Xn\p≈ Cu NnIn’m ]≤Xnbn¬ Xt±i`cW ÿm]\߃°v kp{][m\amb ]¶v hln°m≥ Ignbpw. \m´nse Hmtcm ]uc\pambpw \nc¥c_‘w sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
km¥z\Øn-eqsS ]cnc£
]pe¿Øm≥ IgnbpI Xt±iÿm]\߃°pw P\{]Xn\n[n-Iƒ°pamWv. \ΩpsS ]©mbØpIƒ aptJ\ \S∏m°p∂ B{ib ]≤Xn km¥z\ NnIn’bv°v IqSn {]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂ H∂mWv. GXm\pw ]©mbØpIfn¬IqSn C\n B{ib ]≤Xn \S∏m°m\p≠v . \S∏m°nb ]©mbØpIƒ c≠mw L´Ønte°v IS°pIbmWv. ]©mbØpIƒ AhbpsS DØchmZnØhpw {]Xn_≤Xbpw \ndth‰m≥ apt∂m´phcWw F∂v Rm≥ A`y¿∞n°p∂p. kmaqlyt£a hIp∏pambn tXmtfmSptXmƒ tN¿∂v ]©mbØpIƒ°v km¥z\ ip{iqjmcwKØv IqSpX¬ anIhm¿∂ {]h¿Ø\w ImgvNhbv°m≥ Ignbpw. km¥z\ NnIn’ Bhiyamb tcmKntbmSv Hcp aƒ´n Unkn]vfn\dn kao]\amWv th≠Xv. tcmKnbpsS imcocnI ˛ sshImcnI ˛ Bflob ˛ kmaqlnIXe߃ kv]¿in°p∂ kao]\w IjvSXIfpsS Xo{hX Ipdbv°m≥ klmbIamIpw. Cu kao]\w PohnXmhÿ IqSpX¬ KpWIcam°pw. hnIknX cmPyßfn¬ 100 InS°Iƒ D≈ Bip]{XnIfn¬ km¥z\ NnIn’bv°p≈ kuIcyw IqSn G¿s∏SpØmdp≠v. km¥z\ ip{iqj {]Zm\w sNøp∂ ta∑Iƒ Fs¥ms° F∂v ]cntim[n°mw. thZ\, izmtkmNvOzmkØn\p≈ {]bmkw, O¿±n F∂nhbv°v ia\w hcpØn Pohmhÿ kpKahpw acWw kzm`mhnI {]{Inbbpam°p∂p. km¥z\ NnIn’ acWw XzcnXs∏SpØmt\m, \o´nhbv°mt\m e£yanSp∂n√. tcmKnbpsS am\knIhpw Bflobhpamb AhÿIsf ka\zbn∏n®v {]im¥X ssIhcpØp∂p. Ignbp∂{X kPohamIm\p≈ {]tNmZ\w \¬Ip∂tXmsSm∏w IpSpw_mwKßsf AXn\v t{]cn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. km¥z\ ip{iqj ISpØ hym[nIfpsS XpS°Øntem, IotamsXdm∏n, tdUntbj≥ sXdm∏n F∂nhbv°v H∏tam thWsa¶nepw \SØm≥ Ignbpw. tIcfØn¬ \mjW¬ dqd¬ sl¬Øv anjs‚ {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS `mKambn ]mentb‰nhv sIb¿ Dƒs∏SpØnbn´p≠v. hnZymebßfnepw Cu ktµiw FØn°m≥ Ign™p. F≥.B¿.F®v.Fw. t_m[h¬°c-W ]cn]mSnIfn¬ Hcp e£tØmfw BfpIƒ ]s¶SpØp F∂Xv BimhlamWv. tIcfØnse Xt±i`cWÿm]\ßfpambn _‘s∏´v C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v ]mentb‰nhv saUnkn≥ {]h¿Øn°p∂Xpw ae∏pdw Pn√bnse ]cnc£ tlmw sIb¿ t{]m{Kman\p≈ AhcpsS kmt¶XnI klmbhpw Gsd {]tNmZ\w ]Icp∂p. km¥z\ØneqsS ]cnc£ F∂Xv Hcp kmaqlnI ap{Zbmbn \ap°v kzoIcn°mw. sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
km¥z\Øn- eqsS ]cnc£ F∂Xv Hcp kmaqlnI ap{Zbmbn \ap°v kzoIcn°mw
tcmKnIfpsS thZ\bpw IjvS∏mSpw ian∏n°p∂Xn\p≈ km¥z\ NnIn¬km ]≤Xnbn¬ Xt±i`cW ÿm]\߃°v kp{][m\amb ]¶v hln°m≥ Ignbpw. \m´nse Hmtcm ]uc\pambpw \nc¥c_‘w ]pe¿Øm≥ IgnbpI Xt±i ÿm]\߃°pw P\{]Xn\n[nIƒ°pamWv. \ΩpsS ]©mbØpIƒ aptJ\ \S∏m°p∂ B{ib ]≤Xn km¥z\ NnIn’bv°v IqSn {]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂ H∂mWv. GXm\pw ]©mbØpIfn¬IqSn C\n B{ib ]≤Xn \S∏m°m\p≠v. \S∏m°nb ]©mbØpIƒ c≠mw L´Ønte°v IS°pIbmWv. ]©mbØpIƒ AhbpsS DØchmZnØhpw {]Xn_≤Xbpw \ndth‰m≥ apt∂m´phcWw F∂v Rm≥ A`y¿∞n°p∂p.
7
]©m-b-Øv cmPv tUm. kn. {]Zo]v
tIc-f-Ønse hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃- ˛ Hcp Xmc-Xay ]T\w
k
aq-l-Ønse F√m hn`m-K-w P\߃°pw Pohn-X-ku-I-cy-߃ Dd-∏m-t°-≠Xv tI{µ, kwÿm\, Xt±i kzbw-`-cW k¿°m-cp-I-fpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-Wv. Ign™ ]Xn-s\m∂v ]©-h-’-c-]-≤Xn {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eqsS t\Snb IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃ hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠Xv ]pXnb Znimt_m[w cq]s∏SpØp∂Xn\v AXy-¥m-t]-£nX-am-Wv. tIc-fØ - nse P\ßfpsS IpSpw_ kuI-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw {]tXy-In®pw ]´n-IP - m-Xn-, ] - ´- n-Ih - ¿§ IpSpw_kuIcyßsf°p-dn®pw 2011 sk≥kkv dnt∏m¿´ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcp Xmc-X-ay-]-T\w \S-Øp-I-bm-Wv Chn-sS. IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS FÆw, apdn-I-fpsS FÆw, IpSn-sh≈ e`y-X, I°q-kp-If - psS e`y-X, sshZypXn e`yX, sSent^m¨, sSen-hn-j≥ XpS-ßnb IpSpw_ kuI-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]Tn°p-I, tIcf icm-i-- cn-bpambn ]´nI-Pm-Xn, ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I, Ign™ ]Øv h¿j-sØ {]h¿Ø\ ]ptcmKXn hne-bn-cp-ØpI XpS-ßn-b-h-bmWv Cu ]T-\Ø - ns‚ e£y߃. ]T-\Ø - n-\mbn 2011 sk≥kkv dnt∏m¿´mWv {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
tIc-f-Øn¬ AXn-thK \K-c-h¬°-cWw tIc-fØ - n¬ AXn-thKw \K-ch - ¬°-cWw \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv. 2001˛¬ 74.9 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃ {Kma-ß-fn-em-bn-cp-∂Xv 2011-˛¬ 53 iX-am-\ambn Ipd-™p. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ 25 iX-am\w am{X-am-bn-cp∂ \K-c-hm-kn-Ifmb IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS iX-am\w 46.9 iX-am-\-ambn 2011-˛¬ h¿≤n-®p. 2001-˛¬ BsI 65,95,206 IpSpw-_-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv 2011-˛¬ 16.9 iX-am\w h¿≤n®v 77,16,370 IpSpw-_-ßfmbn. tIc-fØ - nse IpSpw-_ß - ƒ
2001 {Kmaw \Kcw BsI
2011
FÆw
%
FÆw
%
49,42,550 16,52,656 65,95,206
74.9 25.0 99.9
40,95,674 36,20696 77,16,370
53.0 46.9 99.9
hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-K-߃˛2011 tIc-f-Øn¬ 2011 sk≥kkv {]Imcw 77,16,370 IpSpw-_-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. CXn¬ 9.7 iX-am\w (7,51,165) ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ßfpw 1.7 iX-am\w (1,36,006) ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fp-am-Wv. BsI P\-kw-Jy-bpsS 53 iX-am\w IpSpw-_߃ {Kma-Øn¬ Xma-kn-°p-tºmƒ ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ 60.5 iX-am\hpw ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ 85 iX-am-\hpw {Kma-Øn¬ Xma-kn-°p-∂p. `qcn-]£w hcp-∂ ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ßfpw AXn-h-kn-°p-∂Xv {Kma-{]-tZ-iØm-Wv. tIc-fØ - nse hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-Kß - ƒ˛2011 {Kmaw \Kcw BsI FÆw % FÆw % FÆw % tIcfw ]´n-I-PmXn ]´n-I-h¿§w
8
40,95,675 4,54,729 1,15,630
53.0 60.5 85
36,20,696 46.9 2,96,436 39.4 20,376 14.9
77,16,370 7,51.165 1,36,006
100 9.7 1.7
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv I°q-kns‚ e`yX tIc-f-Øn¬ kz¥-ambn I°qkv C√m-Ø-h-cpsS iX-am\w 2001-˛¬ 16 iXam- \ - a m- b n- c p- ∂ Xv 2011- ˛ ¬ 4.8 iX- a m- \ - a mbn Ipd- ™ p. 2011- ˛ se I°qkv C√mØhcpsS tZiob icm-icn 53.1 iX-am-\amWv. {Kma-{]-tZ-isØ I°qkns‚ C√mbva 2001-˛se 18.7 iX-am-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw 6.8 iX-am-\-ambn 2011-˛¬ Ipd-™p. C°m-eØv \K-c-{]-tZ-iØv 8 iX-am-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw 2.6 iX-am-\ambpw Ipd-™p. tIc-f-Ønse ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ß-fnse 86.3 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-ß-fnepw ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fnse 71.3 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-ß-fnepw am{Xsa I°qkv kuI-cyw e`y-am-bn-´p-≈q. ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ß-fn-epw ]´nI-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fnepw {Kma-{]-tZ-isØ hoSp-I-fn-emWv I°q-kns‚ A`mhw IqSp-X¬. I°q-kns‚ e`yX hoSv hoSv s]mXp shfn]cn-k-cØv ]cn-k-cØv C√ I°qkv {]tZiw tIcfw 95.2 4.8 1 3.8 ]´n-I-PmXn 86.3 9.7 2.1 7.6 ]´n-I-h¿§w 71.3 28.6 2.8 25.7
ho´nse apdnIfpsS FÆw tIcfØn¬ aq∂p apdnIfp≈ hoSpIfpsS iXam\amWv IqSpX¬. F∂m¬ ]´nIPmXn˛]´nIh¿K IpSpw_ßfpsS hoSpIfn¬ IqSpXepw c≠p apdnIfp≈ hoSpI-fmWv. ho´nse apdnIfpsS FÆw apdnIƒ {]tXyI apdn C√ Hcp apdn c≠papdn aq∂papdn \mep apdn A©papdn Bdpw AXne[nIw apdn
tIcfw 1.1 7.3 25.1 32.2 20.6 7.9 5.8
]´nIPmXn 1.9 14.3 39.7 30.2 10.3 2.3 1.0
]´nIh¿§w 3.1 18.4 35.3 26.6 11.3 3.3 1.7
hoSns‚ ta¬°qc tZio-b-X-e-Øn¬ 29 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃ tIm¨{Io‰v Iqc-bp≈ ho´n¬ Xma-k-ap-≈-t∏mƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ CXv 48 iX-am-\-am-Wv. ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ßfnse IqSp-X¬ iX-am\w hoSp-Iƒ (40.6) b{¥-\n¿ΩnX HmSv D]-tbm-Kn®v \n¿Ωn-®-h-bm-Wv. ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ßfpw IqSp-X-embn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv b{¥-\n¿ΩnX HmSp-Iƒ sIm≠v \n¿Ωn® hoSp-I-fm-Wv. 13,000-Øn-e-[nIw ]´nI-h¿§ IpSpw-_-߃ Ct∏mgpw Xma-kn-°p-∂Xv ]c-º-cm-KX coXn-bmb ]p√v sIm≠v \n¿Ωn® hoSp-I-fn-em-Wv.
C¥ybnse a‰v kwÿm-\ß - -sf At]-£n®v tIc-f-Øn-se-bpw tIc-fØ - nse ]´n-IP - m-Xn˛]´n-Ih¿§ IpSpw- _ - ß - f nsebpw IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃ hfsc sa®-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Ign™ ]Xns\m∂v ]©- h ¬k- c - ] - ≤ Xn {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eqsS IpSpw-_ku-Ic- y-߃ e`y-am-°p-∂X - n¬ tIcfw hf-sc-tbsd hnP-bn-®n -´p-≠v. F¶n-epw tIc-f-Ønse hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-Kß - ƒ XΩn-epw \K-c {Km-a{- ]-tZ-iß - ƒ XΩnepw hnhn[ kmº-ØnI tijn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw {]I-S-amb A¥cw \ne- \ n- e v ° p- ∂ p- ≠ v . CXv ]cn-lc- n-t°-≠X - p-≠.v
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
jo‰v
tIm¨{Io‰v
a‰p-≈h
3.5 4.3 4.1
I√v
0.7 1.6 2.4
CjvSnI
ssI \n¿˛ ΩnX HmSv
2.7 6.3 10.0
b{¥- \n¿˛ ΩnX HmSv
πmÃnIv
tIcfw ]´n-I-PmXn ]´n-I-h¿§w
]p√v
hoSns‚ ta¬°qc
34.8 40.6 38.9
0.3 0.3 0.3
0.8 0.9 0.9
9.0 13.5 13.9
48.0 31.7 28.8
0.2 0.2 0.3
9
]©m-b-Øv cmPv InW¿ {][m\ IpSn-sh≈ t{kmX-kv tIc-f-Ønse F√m-hn-`mKw P\-ß-fp-sSbpw {][m\ IpSn-sh≈ t{kmXkv Xpd∂ InW-dm-Wv. ip≤o-I-cn® ss]∏v sh≈-Øns‚ e`yX IqSp-X¬ ]´n-IPm-Xn-Ip-Spw-_-߃°m-Wv. C¥y-bn¬ 46.6 iX-am\w P\-߃°v hmk-ÿ-eØp-Xs∂ IpSn-sh≈ e`yX D≠m-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ tIc-f-ØneXv 77.7 iXam\amWv. ]´nIh¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ 44.2 iX-am-\-Øn\v ho´v ]cn-k-c-Øpw 30.3 iX-am-\-Øn\v ]cn-k-c-Øn\v ASp-Øpw 25.3 iX-am-\Øn\v hoSns‚ hfsc AI-se-bp-amWv IpSn-sh≈ e`yX. 60.3 iX-am\w ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-߃°v hoSns‚ ]cn-k-c-Øp-Xs∂ IpSn-sh≈w e`y-am-Ip-tºmƒ 24.6 iX-am-\-Øn\v ]cn-k-c-Øn\v ASpØv Pew e`y-am-Ip-∂p. 1,12,663 ]´n-I-PmXn Ip-Spw-_-߃°v IpSn-sh≈w hfsc AI-se-bmWv e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xv. IpSn-sh≈ t{kmX-kp-Iƒ
t{kmXkv tIcfw ip≤o-I-cn® ss]∏vsh≈w 23.4 ip≤o-I-cn-°mØ ss]∏v sh≈w 6.0 aqSnb InW¿ 14.6 Xpd∂ InW¿ 47.4 lm≥Uv ]ºv 4.2
]´n-I-PmXn ]´n-I-h¿§w 29.2 16.3 6.9 8.3 9.9 6.1 44.4 43.9 0.6 0.3
]mNI C‘\w
sshZypXn
_tbm-Kymkv
a‰p-≈h
]mN-I-an√
0.1 0 0
F¬.-]n.Pn
0.1 0. 0
asÆÆ
tIcfw 61.9 0.8 ]´n-I-PmXn 82.4 1.1 ]´n-I-h¿§w 87.6 1.1
I¬°cn
hnf-hns‚ Ah-injvSw NmWI hdfn
hndIv
tZiob Xe-Øn¬ ]mN-I-Øn-\mbn hnd-Ins\ 49 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃ B{i-bn-°p-tºmƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ hnd-Ins\ B{i-bn-°p-∂-h-¿ 61.9 iX-am-\-amWv. tIc-f-Øn¬ hnf-hns‚ Ah-in-jvS-hpw NmW-I-h-d-fnbpw ]mNI C‘-\ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS iX-am\w hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. hndIns\ B{i-bn°p-∂-h-cpsS tIcf icm-icn 61.9 iX-am-\a - m-bt- ∏mƒ ]´n-IP - m-Xn-°m-cn¬ 82.4 iX-am-\-hpw ]´n-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬ 87.6 iX-am-\hpw hnd-In-s\-bmWv B{i-bn-°p∂-Xv. tIc-f-Øn¬ 35.8 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃ F¬.-]n.-Pnsb B{i-bn-°ptºmƒ ]´n-I-Pm-Xn-°m-cn¬ 15.2 iX-am-\-hpw ]´n-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬ 10.2 iX-am\hpw am{X-amWv F¬.-]n.Pnsb B{i-bn-°p-∂X - v. F√m-hn-`mKw P\-ß-fnepw _tbm-Kymkv t]mep≈ ]mc-ºt-cy-Xc Du¿-÷-t{km-X-kp-Isf {]tbm-P-\-s∏Sp-tØ≠ Bh-iy-IX kwPm-X-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]mNI C‘\ t{kmXkv
0.4 0.3 0
35.8 15.2 10.2
0 0 0
0.6 0.2 0
0 0 0
0.3 0.2 0.3
_m¶nwKv kuIcyw C¥y-bnse 58.7 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃ _m¶nwKv tkh-\-߃ {]tbm-P\-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ tIc-f-Ønse 74.2 iX-am\w IpSpw-_-߃ _m¶nwKv tkh\-߃ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ 60.1 iX-am\w ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw_-ßfpw 54.7 iX-am\w ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ßfpw am{X-amWv _m¶nwKv tkh\-߃ {]tbm-P\ - s - ∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - .v k¿°m-dn¬ \n∂p≈ hnhn[ B\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw klm-bß - f - pw Ime-Xm-ak - a - n-√msX t\cn´v ]´n-IP - m-Xn- ] - -´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ßfn¬ FØ-W-sa-¶n¬ _m¶nwKv taJ-e-bpsS tkh-\-߃ hym]n-∏n-t°-≠n-bncn-°p-∂p. _m¶nwKv kuIcyw
10
hn`mKw tIcfw ]´n-I-PmXn ]´n-I-h¿§w
iX-am\w 74.2 60.1 54.7 sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv sshZyp-Xo-I-c-W-Øn¬ hºn® apt∂-‰w tZiob icm-i-cn-tb-°mƒ 27 iX-am-\-tØmfw Db¿∂-XmWv sshZyp-Xo-Ic-W-Øn¬ tIc-f-Øns‚ icm-i-cn. sshZyp-Xo-I-c-W-Øn¬ hºn® apt∂-‰-amWv tIc-f-Øn\v Ign™ ]Øv h¿j-ambn t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-™-Xv. 2001-˛¬ tIc-fØnse 70.2 iX-am\-w hoSp-I-fn¬ sshZypXn e`y-ambncps∂-¶n¬ 2011-˛¬ AXv 94.4 iX-am-\-ambn Db-¿∂p. ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ß-fnse 86.3 iX-am\w hoSpI-fnepw ]´n-I-h¿§ -Ip-Spw-_-ß-fnse 62.7 iX-am\w hoSp-I-fnepw sshZyp-Xnsb-bmWv shfn-®-Øn-\mbn B{i-bn-°p-∂-Xv. 34.5 iX-am\w ]´n-Ih - ¿§-Ip-Spw_-߃ Ct∏mgpw asÆ-Æsb B{i-bn-°p-∂p. {Kma-{]-tZ-i-Øp≈ ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fnse 57.8 iX-am-\-Øn-\p-am-{Xsa sshZypXn e`y-am-bn-´p-≈q. shfn-®Ø - ns‚ t{kmX-kp-Iƒ
tIcfw ]´n-IPmXn ]´n-I-h¿§w
sshZypXn 94.4 86.3 62.7
asÆÆ 5.2 13.1 34.5
a‰v am¿-§-߃ 0.3 0.1 2.2
hml\ kuIcyw hml-\-ß-fpsS e`yX IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS kmº-Øn-I-ÿn-Xn-tb-bpw tdmUv kuI-cy-tØbpw B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ign™ Zi-I-Øn¬ ssk°n-fns‚ e`yX-bpsS h¿≤-\hv \ma-am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ kvIq´-dn-s‚bpw Imdn-s‚bpw e`yX-bpsS h¿≤-\hv Cc-´n-bn-e[ - n-Ia - m-bn-cp-∂p. 2001 ˛ 2011 Ime-L´- -Øn¬ ssk°nfns‚ e`y-X-bpsS iX-am\w 18.5 iX-am-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw 20.4 iX-am-\-am-bpw kvIq´-dns‚ e`yX 10-˛¬ \n∂pw 24.1 iX-am-\a - mbpw Imdn-s‚ e`yX 4 iX-am-\Øn¬ \n∂pw 10.2 iX-am-\-ambpw h¿≤n-®p. tIc-f-Ønse kvIq-´¿ e`y-X-bpsS icm-icn 24.1 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ 10.6 iX-am\-Øn-\pw ]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ 7.6 iX-am-\-Øn\pw am{Xta kz¥-ambn kvIq´¿ D≈q. Imdns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ tIcf icm-icn 10.2 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂t∏mƒ ]´n-I-PmXn IpSpw-_ß -- ƒ°v 2.3 iX-am-\-Øn-\pw ]´n-I-h¿§- Ip-Spw-_ß-fn¬ 3 iX-am-\Ø - n\pw kz¥-ambn Im¿ D≠v. hml\ kuIcyw tIcfw ]´n-I-PmXn ]´n-I-h¿§w
ssk°nƒ 20.4 15.4 7.3
kvIq´¿ 24.1 10.6 7.6
Im¿/Po∏v 10.2 2.3 3.0
tdUntbmbpw sSenhnj\pw ]´nIh¿§ IpSpw_߃°mWv tdUntbm kuIcyw IqSpXep≈Xv. sSenhnj≥ kuIcyØns‚ Imcy-Øn-¬ ]´nIPmXn, ]´nIh¿§ IpSpw_-߃ ]n∂nemWv. tdUntbm sSenhnj≥ tIcfw 29.7 76.8 ]´n-I-PmXn 22.8 61.7 ]´n-I-h¿§w 29.9 39.5 Iºyq´¿ ˛ C‚¿s\‰v kuIcy߃ tIcfØnse 15.7 iXam\w IpSpw-_߃°v Iºyq´¿ D≈t∏mƒ ]´nIPmXn IpSpw_ßfnse 7.9 iXam\Øn\pw ]´nIh¿§ IpSpw_-ßfnse 7.6 iXam\Øn\pamWv Iºyq´¿ kuIcyw \nehnep≈Xv. C‚¿s\‰v kuIcyØns‚ ImcyØn-epw ]´nIPmXn, ]´nIh¿§ IpSpw_-߃ ]n∂nemWv. Iºyq´¿ C‚¿s\‰v tIcfw 15.7 3.1 ]´n-I-PmXn 7.9 1.9 ]´n-I-h¿§w 7.6 1.9 sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
Xt±-i, kwÿm-\, tI{µ k¿°m-dp-Iƒ {]m[m\yw sImSp-t°≠ taJ-eI - ƒ 1.
tIc- f - Ø n¬ \K- c - h ¬°- c Ww IqSn-hc - p-∂X - p-sIm≠v ]©m-bØ - pI-fnepw amen\y {]iv\w-t]m-ep≈ \K-c-{]-tZi {]iv\-߃ ]cn-l-cn°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿§-߃ BhnjvI-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. 2. ]mN-IØ - n-\mbn hnd-Ins\ B{ibn-°p-∂Xv Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]mc-º-cy-Xc Du¿÷ t{kmXkpIƒ IqSp-X-embn {]tbm-P-\-s∏-SptØ-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. 3. k¿°m¿ klmbw IpSpw-_-ßfn-te°v t\cn´v FØn-°-W-sa¶n¬ _m¶nwKv kuIcyw IqSpX¬ hn]p-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. 4. ]´n- I - h ¿§ IpSpw- _ - ß - f psS I°qkv kuIcyw h¿≤n-∏n-°W - w. 5. IpSpw_ kuI-cy-ß-fn¬ \Kc ˛ {Kma hyXymkw hfsc IqSp-X-emWv. CXv Ipd-b° v p-∂X - n-\mbn {Kma{]-tZ-iØpw ]´-W-{]-tZ-isØ kuI-cy-߃ e`y-am-°-Ww. 6. hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-Kß - ƒ XΩn-ep≈ A¥cw Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iyamb \S-]S- n-Iƒ kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv C¥ysb t]mep≈ Hcp P\m-[n]Xy cmPy-Øn\v AXy-¥m-t]-£nX-am-Wv. 7. IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃ e`y-am-°p∂-Xn\v IqSp-X¬ {]h¿Ø\߃ tI{µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\-˛-X-t±i kzbw-`cW k¿°m-dp-I-ƒ \S-∏n-em-t°≠-Xp-≠v. C¥ybnse a‰v kwÿm-\-ßsf At]-£n®v tIc-f-Øn-se-bpw tIc-fØnse ]´n-I-Pm-Xn˛]´n-I-h¿§ IpSpw_-ßf - n-sebpw IpSpw_ kuI-cy-߃ hfsc sa®-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Ign™ ]Xns\m∂v ]©-h¬k-c-]-≤Xn {]h¿Ø\-Øn-eqsS IpSpw-_- ku-Ic - y߃ e`yam-°p-∂-Xn¬ tIcfw hf-sc-tbsd hnP-bn-®n-´p-≠v. F¶n-epw tIc-fØ - nse hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-Kß - ƒ XΩn-epw, \Kc- -{Km-a-{]-tZ-i-߃ XΩnepw hnhn[ kmº-ØnI tijn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\Ønepw {]I-Sa - mb A¥cw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂p-≠.v CXv ]cn-lc - n-t°-≠X - p-≠.v teJ-I≥ KpemØn C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v ^n\m≥kv B‚ v SmIvtk-j-\n¬, UmIvsk¬ sU]yq´n Ub-dIvSdmWv dacgift@gmail.com
11
]©m]©m-b b-Ø -Øv v cmPv cmPv
kuP\yhpw \n¿_‘nXhpamb hnZym`ymkw Ip´nIfpsS AhImi \nbaw ˛ 2009 Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE)-2009
ku
P-\yhpw \n¿_-‘n-X-hp-amb hnZym-`ym-kw 6 hb- n\pw 14 hb- n-\pw CS-bv°p≈ F√m Ip´n-Iƒ°pw t\Sm-\p≈ tI{µhn-Zym-`ymk Ah-Im-i\ - n-baw (RTE Act 2009) 2009 HmKÃv 26-˛\v \ne-hn¬ h∂p. CXns\ XpS¿∂v 01-˛04-˛2010 apX¬ tI{µ-\n-ba - m-henbpw (RTE Rules 2010) {]m_-ey-Øn¬ h∂p. 6 apX¬ 14 hb-kp-hsc {]mb-ap≈ F√m-h¿°pw kao-]-{]-tZ-i-Øp≈ hnZym-`ymk ÿm]-\-Øn¬ F´mw ¢mkphsc-bp≈ {]mY-anI hnZym-`ymkw kuP-\y-ambn Cu \nbaw Dd-∏p-\¬Ip∂p. Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃°v Cu \nbaw kwÿm-\Øv \S-∏n-em-°p-∂Xn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I ]¶p hln-°m-\p-≠v. P\\w apX¬ 14 hb p hsc-bp≈ F√m Ip´n-I-fp-sSbpw IW-s°Sp∏pw Ah-cpsS hnZym-`ym-khpw Dd∏p hcp-ØpI, {]tXyI ]cn-KW - \ A¿ln-°p-∂ Ip´n-Iƒ°p≈ hnZym-`ymkw 18 hb p-hsc Dd∏p hcpØpI, kvIqfp-Iƒ°v Bhiy-ap≈ `uXn-I-ku-I-cy-ßfpw ]T-\-ku-I-cyßfpw Dd∏phcpØpI, kvIqfpIƒ e`y-a-√m-Xp≈ {]tZ-i-ß-fnse Ip´n-Iƒ°v kvIqfn-te-°p≈ hml\ kuI-cy-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-ØpI XpS-ßn-bhbmWv Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]\-߃ \n¿∆-ln-t°≠ {][m\ NpaXeIƒ. {]kvXpX \nbaw \S∏m°p∂Xn\p≈ hyhÿIƒ Dƒs°m≈n®v kwÿm\w N´ßƒ ]pds∏Sphn®n´p≠v. (The Kerala Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules 2011).
12
sk]v sk]v‰- ‰- w_¿ w_¿ 2012 2012
]©m]©m-b b-Ø -Øv v cmPv cmPv \nb-a-Ønse {][m\ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ kw£n-]vX-ambn NphsS tN¿°p-∂p. A[ymbw ˛ 1 {]mcw`w sk£≥ 1 ˛ \nb-a-Øns‚ t]cv, ]cn-[n, {]m_eyw F∂nhbpƒs∏-Sp-∂p. sk£≥ 2 ˛ \n¿∆-N-\-߃. A[ymbw ˛ 2 sk£≥ 3 ˛ kuP\yhpw \n¿_‘nXhpamb hnZym`ymkØn\p≈ AhImiw 3(1) 6 hb- p apX¬ 14 hb- p-h-sc-bp≈ F√m Ip´nIƒ°pw Hcp kao--]Ø - p≈ hnZym-eb - Ø - n¬ (neighbourhood school) Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw (I to VIII) ]q¿Ønbm-°p-∂Xp-hsc kuP\yhpw \n¿_-‘nXhpamb hnZym`ymk-Øn\p≈ AhImiap≠v. 3(2) CXn-\p-th≠n Hcp Ip´nbpw GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn¬ ]Wtam ^otkm \¬tI-≠-Xn-√. hyXykvX IgnhpIfp≈ Ip´nI-ƒ°pw (imco-cnI am\knI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-°p∂h¿)]Tn-°m-\p≈ AhImiap-≠v. sk£≥ 4 Bdv hb- n\v apI-fn-ep≈ Hcp Ip´n Hcp kvIqfn¬ {]th-in-°-s∏-´n-s√-¶nepw Fen-sa-‚dn hnZym`ymkw ]q¿Øn-bm-°m≥ Ign-™n-s√-¶nepw Ahs\/Ahsf hb n\- \ pkcn- ® p-≈ ¢mkn¬ {]th-in-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿°v a‰p≈ Ip´nIƒs°m- ∏ saØm≥ {]tXyI ]cnioe\w e`n°m\p≈ AhImiap≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Ah¿°v 14 hb p Ign™mepw kvIqfn¬Øs∂ XpS¿∂v Fen-sa‚dn hnZym`ymkw ]q¿Ønbm°phm\p≈ AhImiap≠v. sk£≥ 5 5(1) Hcp kvIqfn¬ Fen-sa‚dn hnZym`ym-kw ]q¿Øn-bm°phm≥ Ahk-c-an-√msX hcptºmƒ at‰-sX-¶nepw kvIqfn-te°v am‰-Øn-\p≈ Ah-Im-iap≠v. 5(2) GsX¶nepw ImcWØm¬ Hcp kvIqfn¬ \n∂pw as‰m-∂n-tet°m Hcp kwÿm\Øp \n∂pw as‰m- ∂ntet°m amtd≠Xmbn hcptºmƒ, slUv ‰o®dn¬ \n∂pw ‰n.kn. e`n°p-hm\p≈ AhImiap≠v. 5(3) C{]-Imcw as‰mcp kvIqfn-te°v amt‰-≠n-h-cptºmƒ DS-\Sn ‰n.-kn. \evI-Ww. ‰n.kn. e`n-°phm-\p≈ Ime-Xm-akw, {]thi\w \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xn-t\m, sshIn°p-∂-Xnt\m D≈ D]m-[n-b-√. F∂m¬ A¨ FbnUUv/tI{µ Kh¨sa‚n\v Iognep≈ {]tXyI hnZymeb߃ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ {]thi\w AhImiambncn°n√. A[ymbw ˛ 3 _‘-s∏´ k¿°m¿, {]mtZ-inI `c-W-IqSw, c£n-Xm-°ƒ F∂n-h-cpsS ISaIƒ sk£≥ 6 Cu \nbaw \ne-hn¬ h∂v aq∂p h¿j-Øn-\Iw kao]Øv kvIqƒ Cs√-¶n¬ _‘-s∏´ k¿°m-tcm, {]mtZinI `c-W-Iq-Stam aq∂p h¿j-Øn-\Iw kvIqƒ ÿm]n°-Ww. sk£≥ 7 tI{µ kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-Iƒ°v Cu \nbaw \S∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kºØv {Iao-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v Iq´p-Ø-csk]v sk]v‰- ‰- w_¿ w_¿ 2012 2012
hm-ZnXzw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. tI{µ k¿°m-cns‚ IS-a-Iƒ 7.6 (a) A°mZ-anI AtXm-dn-‰n-bpsS klm-b-tØmsS tZiob Icn-°pew N´°qSp-≠m-°p-I. (b) A[ym-]I ]cn-io-e-\-Øn\v Ãm≥tU¿Uv \n›-bn®v \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-I. (c)KthjWØn\pw Bkq{X-WØn-\pw im‡oIcWØn\pw \qX\- a m¿§ßƒ Bhnjv ° cn- ° p- h m\pw, kmt¶XnIhpw [\]chpamb klmbw kwÿm\ Kh¨sa-‚ n\v \¬IpI. _‘-s∏´ k¿°mcns‚ ISaIƒ sk£≥ 8 (a) F√m Ip´nIƒ°pw kuP\y-hpw \n¿_‘n-Xhpamb Fen-sa‚dn hnZym`ymkw \evIp-I. _‘-s∏´ Kh-¨-sa‚ v/{]mtZ-inI `c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚ DS-a-ÿ-X-bntem t\cnt´m A√m--s X- t bm D≈ \nb- { ¥- W - Ø ntem A√mØ GsX-¶nepw kvIq-fn¬ Ip´nsb c£n-Xm-hns‚ Xmev]-cy-{]-Im-cw {]th-in-∏n-®m¬ AXn-\p≈ sNehv Bh-iy-s∏-Sm≥ Ip´nt°m c£n-Xm-hnt\m Ign-bn√. (b) F√m Ab¬]°Øpw (neighbourhood) hnZymeb߃ Ds≠∂v Dd-∏m-°p-I. (c) Zp¿∫e hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ (Weaker sections) s∏´ Ip´nIfpw A-hi - h - n-`m-Kß - f - n¬ (Disadvantaged groups) s∏´ Ip´n-Ifpw bmsXm-cp-hn-[Øn-epap≈ hnth-N-\-Øn\pw hnt[-b-am-hp-∂n-√m-sb∂v Dd-∏n-°p-I. (d) Bhiyamb ASnÿm\ kuIcy-߃, A≤ym]I¿, ]T\klmbIhkvXp°ƒ F∂nh e`yam°pI (e) A≤ym-]I¿°v sk£≥ 4 ¬ ]dbp∂ {]tXy-I ]cn-io-e\ kuI-cy߃ \¬Ip-I. (f) Hmtcm Ip´n-bp-sSbpw AUvan-j≥, lmP¿, Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymk ]q¿ØoI-cWw F∂nh Dd-∏m-°p-I. (g) sjUyq-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hyhÿbv°pw \ne-hm-c-Øn\pw tbmPn® Xc-Øn¬ KpW-ta-∑-bp≈ Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw Dd-∏n-°p-I. (h) ka-b-Øn-\p-Xs∂ Icn-°p-ehpw ]T\-{I-ahpw \n¿t±in-°p-I. (i) A≤ym-]I - ¿°v ]cn-io-e\ kuIcyw \¬Ip-I. sk£≥ 9 {]mtZ-inI `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ IS-a-Iƒ (a) Hmtcm Ip´n°pw kuP-\yhpw \n¿_-‘n-X-hp-amb Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw \¬IpI. (b) Ab¬]° kvIqƒ Ds≠∂p Dd-∏m-°p-I. (c) Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Øn-bm-°m-\m-hmØ hn[w Zp¿∫e hn`m-K-ß-fnsebpw Ah-i-hn-`m-K-ß-fnsebpw Ip´n-Iƒ Hcp hn[-Ønepw Fen-sa‚dn hnZym`ymkw t\Sp-∂-Xn\pw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xn\pw hnthN\w A\p-`-hn-°p-∂n-√m-sb∂pd∏m-°pI. (d) A[n-Im-c] - c - n-[n-bn¬ D≈ ÿesØ 14 hb phscbp≈ Ip´n-I-fpsS sd°m¿Up-Iƒ ]cn-]m-en-°pI . (e) A[n- I m- c - ] - c n- [ n- b n- e p≈ Ip´n- I - f psS {]th- i - \ w, XpS¿]-T-\w, ]T\ ]q¿Øo-I-cWw F∂nh Dd∏m°pI, tamWn-‰¿ sNøp-I. (f) kvIqƒ sI´n-S-a-S-°-ap≈ ASn-ÿm-\-ku-I-cy߃, A[ym-]-I¿, ]T-\-km-a{Kn Ch e`y-am-°p-I. (g) {]mb- ° q- S p- X - e p≈ Ip´n- I ƒ {]th- i n- ° - s ∏- ´ m¬
13
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
Ah¿°v {]tXyI ]cn-io-e\w \¬IpI.
(h) sjUyq-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ \ne-hm-ca - \ - p-kc - n®v KpW-
ta-∑-bp≈ hnZym-`ymkw Dd-∏m-°p-I.
(i) sjUyq-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ Icn-°pehpw ]T-\-{I-
ahpw bYm-k-abw \n¿t±-im\p-k-cWw \S-∏n¬ hcp∂p-s≠-∂p-d-∏m-°p-I. (j) A[ym-]-I¿°v ]cn-ioe\ kuI-cyw Hcp-°p-I. (k) CS-bv°nsS amdn-Øm-ak - n-°p∂(migrant families)-hcpsS Ip´n-I-fpsS {]thi\w Dd-∏m-°p-I. (l) A[n-Imc ]cn-[n-bn-ep≈ kvIqfp-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\߃ tamWn-‰¿ sNøp-I. (m) A°m-Z-anI Ie-≠¿ \n›-bn-°pI sk£≥ 10 Xs‚ Ip´nsb Ab¬]-°Ø - p≈ hnZym-eb - Ø - n¬ {]thin-∏n-t°-≠Xv GsXmcp c£n-Xm-hn-s‚bpw ISa-bm-Wv. sk£≥ 11 Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\v Xøm-dm-°-Ø°-hn[w aq∂p-h-b- n-\p-ap-I-fn-ep≈ Ip´n-Iƒ°v Bdp hb v ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Bh-iy-amb ssii-h-Ime ]cnc-£bpw hnZym-`ym-khpw \¬Ip-∂Xn\v th≠ {Iao-Ic - Ww sNøp-I-sb-∂Xv _‘-s∏´ k¿°m-cp-I-fpsS Npa-X-e-bmWv. A[ymbw ˛ 4 kvIqfp-I-fp-sSbpw A≤ym-]-I-cp-sSbpw IS-a-Iƒ sk£≥ 12 (a) Kh/Kh. AwKo-IrX hnZym-eb - ß-fn¬ {]th-in-∏n-°p∂ Ip´n-Iƒs°√mw kuP-\yhpw \n¿_-‘n-Xh - p-amb hnZym`ymkw \¬I-Ww. (b) Kh¨sa‚n¬ \n∂pw FbvU/v {Km‚ v e`n-°p∂ hnZyme-b-߃ AXns‚b\p-]m-X-a-\p-k-cn®v 25% IpdbmsX Ip´n-Iƒ°v kuP-\yhpw \n¿_-‘n-Xh - p-amb hnZym-`ymkw \¬I-Ww. (c) {]tXy-Ib - n\w hnZym-eb - ß - f - nepw (specified category) Kh-s◊‚n¬ \n∂pw FbntUm {Kmt‚m In´m-Ø hnZym-e-b-ß-fnepw H∂mw ¢m n-s‚ 25% hsc Zp¿∫e-hn-`m-K-ß-fntebpw Ah-i-hn-`m-K-ß-fn-sebpw Ip´nIsf {]th-in-∏n-°Ww.
14
B kvIqfn¬ {]okvIq-fp-s≠-¶n¬ AXn-\v Cu \n_‘\ _m[-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. sk£≥ 13 (1) {]th-i\ thf-bn¬ Hcp XcØnep--ap≈ Iym∏nt‰j≥ ^okpw hmßm≥ ]mSn-√. Ip´n-I-fpsS {]th-i-\Øn\v HcpXc-Øn-ep-ap≈ kv{Io\nwKpw ]mSn-√. (2) (a) Cu hyhÿ ewLn®v Iym∏n-t‰-j≥ ^okv hmßp-∂-bmsf B XpI-bpsS ]Øn-c´n hsc-bp≈ ]ngboSm-°m≥ in£n-°mw. (b) Hcp Ip´nsb kv{Io\nw-Kn\v hnt[-b-am-°n-bm¬ BZy-ew-L-\-Øn\v Ccp-]-Ø-øm-bncw cq]m-hsc ]ng-bo-Sm°pIbpw XpS¿∂p≈ Hmtcm ewL-\-Øn\pw AºXn-\m-bncw cq]m-hoXw ]ng CuSm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. sk£≥ 14 P\\ k¿´n-^n-°-‰ns‚bSn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn°pw {]th-i\ - Øn\p≈ {]mbw \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂Xv. P\\ k¿´n^n-°-‰n-√m-sb∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ {]th-i\w \ntj-[n-°p∂-X√ - . sk£≥ 15 Ip´n-Iƒ A°m-Z-anI h¿j-Øns‚ Bcw-`-Øntem A[n-I-a-\p-h-Zn-°p∂ kabtØm {]th-i\w t\SWw. CXp aqew at‰-X-¶nepw Ah-k-c-Øn¬ {]th-i\w \ntj[n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√. sk£≥ 16 Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂X - p-hsc Hcp Ip´n-sbbpw Hcp ¢mknepw tXmev]n-°p-hmt\m (hold back) ]pd-Øm-°p-hmt\m ]mSn-√. sk£≥ 17 (1) Hcp Ip´n-sbbpw imco-cn-Ia - mbn in£n-°p-hmt\m am\kn-I-ambn thZ-\n-∏n-°p-hmt\m ]mSn-√. (2) CXv ewLn-°p-∂-bmƒ k¿∆okv dqƒ A\p-k-cn®v A®-S-°-\-S-]-Sn°v hnt[-b-\mhp-∂-Xm-Wv. sk£≥ 18 (1) k¿°m¿ AwKo-IrX kvIqƒ HgnsI Hcp kvIqfpw Cu \nbaw \S-∏n¬ h∂-Xn-\ptijw _‘-s∏´ AtXm-dn‰n°v \¬Ip∂ \n¿±njvS At]-£b - n-t∑-ep≈ \S-]S- nb-\p-kc - n®v AwKo-Imc k¿´n-^n--°‰v In´msX ÿm]n°p-hmt\m {]h¿Øn-°p-hmt\m ]mSn-√. (2) CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hnZym-e-b-߃°v \n¿±n-jvS -t^m-dØnepw \n›nX ka-bØpw hyh-ÿ-Iƒ°\p-k-cn®v _‘-s∏´ AtXm-dn‰n AwKo-Im-ck - ¿´n-^n-°‰v \¬Ip∂-XmWv. (3) Cu hyh-ÿ-Iƒ ewLn-®m¬ _‘-s∏´ AtXm-dn‰n FgpXn \¬Ip∂ DØ-chphgn AwKo-Imcw ]n≥hen-°pw. Cu DØ-c-hn¬Øs∂ AwKo-Imcw \jvS-s∏-Sp∂ kvIqfnse Ip´nIsf GXv Ab¬]-°-hn-Zym-e-b-Øn-emWv {]th-in-∏n-t°-≠sX∂ \n¿t±iw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-XmWv. sk£≥ 19 (1) {]tXyI sjUyq-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ hyh-ÿ-Ifpw \ne-hm-chpw ]men-°msX sk£≥ 18 {]Imcw Hcp kvIqfpw ÿm]n-°p-Itbm AwKo-Ic - n-°p-Itbm sNøp∂-X√ - . (2) \nbaw \S-∏n¬ h∂-Xn-\p-apºp XpS-ßnb kvIqƒ \n¿±njvS hyh-ÿ-Ifpw \nehm-chpw ]men-°p-∂n-√msb-¶n¬ kz¥w sNe-hn¬ aq∂p h¿j-Øn-\Iw Ah ]men-°-Ww. (3) Aßs\ ]men-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ah-bpsS AwKo-Imcw ]n≥h-en-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (4) AwKo-Imcw ]n≥h-en-°p∂ XobXn apX¬ AØcw sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv hnZym-ebw {]h¿Øn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. (5) GsX-¶nepw hy‡n AwKo-Imc-k¿´n-^n-°-‰n-√msX kvIqƒ ÿm-]n--°p-Itbm \S-Øp-Itbm AwKo-Imcw ]n≥- h - e n- ® - t ijw XpS¿∂v {]h¿Øn- ° p- I tbm sNbvXm¬ Hcp e£w cq]m-hsc ]ng-bo-Sm-°pw, XpS¿∂pw ewLn-®m¬ ewL-\t- h-fb - nse Hmtcm Znhkhpw ]Xn-\m-bncw cq]m F∂ IW-°n¬ ]ng-bo-Sm°p-∂X - m-W.v sk£≥ 20 sjUyq-fnse hyh-ÿ-Ifpw \ne-hm-chpw t`Z-KXn sNbvXp-sIm≠v tI{µ Kh¨sa‚n\v t\m´n-^n-t°j≥ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°mw. sk£≥ 21 (1) A¨ Fbn-UUv kvIqfpw {]tXyI hnZym-eb - ß - f - p-samgnsI F√m kvIqfp-Iƒ°pw kvIqƒ amt\-Ps-v a‚ v-IΩn‰n cq]o-Ic - n°Ww. AXn¬ {]mtZ-inI `c-W-IqSw, c£nXm-°ƒ, A[ym-]-I¿ F∂n-h-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. \men¬ aq∂w-K-߃ c£n-Xm-°-fm-bn-cn°pw. B\p]m-Xn-I-ambn Zp¿-∫e hn`m-K-ß-fp-sSbpw Ah-i-hn-`mK-ß-fp-sSbpw {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AºXv iX-am\w AwK-߃ h\n-X-I-fm-bn-cn°pw. (2) kvIqƒ amt\-Pvsa‚ v IΩn-‰n-bpsS Npa-X-e-Iƒ (a) kvIqƒ {]h¿Ø\w tamWn-‰¿ sNøpI. (b) kvIqƒ Uh-e-]vsa‚ v πm≥ Xøm-dm-°pI. (c) \n¿±njvS Kh/Xt±-i-`-c-W-IqSw F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂pw e`n- ° p∂ [\- k lm- b - Ø ns‚ hn\ntbmKw tamWn-‰¿ sNøpI (d) a‰p \n¿±njvS {]h¿Ø\߃ \S-∏m-°p-I. sk£≥ 22 (1) Hmtcm kvIqƒ amt\-Pvsa‚ vIΩn-‰nbpw, \n¿t±-in-°s∏-Sp∂ hyh-ÿ-bv°-\p-kcn®v kvIqƒ hnI-k\ ]≤Xnbp≠m-°pw. (2) C{]-Imcw Xøm-dm-°p∂ kvIqƒ hnI-k\ ]≤-Xn-°\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn°pw _‘-s∏´ Kh/Xt±-i-`-c-W-IqSw F∂n-h-bpsS ]≤-Xnbpw [\-k-lm-b-hpw. sk£≥ 23 (1) tI{µ Kh¨sa‚ v A[n-Im-cs - ∏-Sp-Øp∂ "A°m-Z-anI AtXm-dn-‰n' \n›-bn-°p∂ an\naw tbmKy-Xb - p-≈h - sc A[ym-]-I-cmbn \nb-an-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (2) Bh-iy-Øn\v tbmKy-X-bp-≈-h¿ Cs√-¶n¬ tI{µ-Kh¨sa‚ v, \nb-a-\-Øn-\p≈ tbmKyX t\m´n-^n-t°j≥ hgn t`Z-KXn sNøpw. CXv A©v h¿jw-hsc am{X-am-bncn-°pw. \nbaw \S-∏n¬ hcp-tºmƒ Hc-[ym]-I\v \n¿±n-jvS an\naw tbmKy-X-bn-s√-¶n¬ AXv A©v h¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬ B¿-÷n-°-Ww. (3) iº-fhpw Ae-h≥kpw k¿∆o-kns‚ \n¿±njvS hyhÿ-b-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°pw. sk£≥ 24 A[ym-]-I-s‚ IS-a-Iƒ (a) kvIqfnse {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ IrXy-Xbpw ka-b-\njvTbpw ]men-°p-I. (b) sk£≥ 29(2)se hyh-ÿ-Iƒ-°\p-k-cn®v ]mTy-]≤Xn \S-∏n-em-°p-Ibpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. (c) \n›nX ka-b-Øn-\p-≈n¬ ]mTy-]≤ - Xn apgp-h\pw ]q¿Øo-Ic - n-°p-I. (d) Hmtcm Ip´nbpsSbpw ]T-\tijn hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw AX- \ p- k - c n®v A[nI]T-\-k-lmbw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-I. (e) amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-ambn \nc-¥-c-ambn _‘-s∏-´v Ip´n-Isk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
fpsS lmP¿, ]T\tijn, ]T\]ptcm-KXn F∂n-hbpw Ip´nsb kw_-‘n®v {]k-‡-sa∂v tXm∂p∂ GsX¶nepw hnh- c - a p- s ≠- ¶ n¬ AXpw Ah- c p- a mbn ]¶pshbv°p-I. (f) CXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰p \n¿±njvS ISaIƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-I. sk£≥ 25 (1) \nbaw \ne-hn¬ h∂v Bdp-am-k-Øn-\Iw sjUyqfn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ A≤ym-]I ˛ hnZym¿∞n A\p]mXw _‘s∏´ k¿°m¿ Dd-∏p-h-cp-Ø-Ww. (2) kvIqfn¬ \nb-an-X-cmb A[ym-]-Isc a‰p kvIqfntem Hm^o-kntem sk£≥ 27¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂sXmgnsI-bp≈ Hcp hnZym-`ym-kkw_‘-a√ - mØ tPmen-°pw \ntbm-Kn°m≥ ]mSn-√. sk£≥ 26 _‘-s∏´ Kh/{]mtZ-inI k¿-°m¿ Xß-fpsS DS-aÿ-X-bntem \nb-{¥-W-Øntem D≈Xpw kmº-Øn-I-klmbw \¬Ip∂-Xp-amb Hcp hnZym-e-b-Ønepw BsI-bp≈-Xns‚ ]Øv iX-am-\-Øn¬ IqSp-X-embn th°-≥kn \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-√m-sb∂pw Dd-∏m°-Ww. sk£≥ 27 A≤ym-]-Isc ]Øp-h¿j-Øn-sem-cn-°-ep≈ P\kwJym sk≥k-kv, Zpcn-Xm-izmk {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ, {]mtZinI, kwÿm\, ]m¿e-sa‚ vsXcs™-Sp∏pIƒ F∂nhsbm-gnsI Hcp hnZym-`ymtk-Xc {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw \ntbm-Kn-°-cp-Xv. sk£≥ 28 Hcp A≤ym-]I\pw ss{]h‰v Syqj-t\m kzImcy ]Tn-∏n°tem \S-Øm≥ ]mSn-√. A≤ymbw ˛ 5 sk£≥ 29 (1) _‘-s∏´ Kh-s◊‚ v Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ A°mZanI AtXm-dn‰n, Icn-°p-ew, aqey-\n¿Æb-coXn Ch cq]-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. (2) A°m-Z-anI AtXm-dn‰n Ch cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ Imcy-߃ ]cn-K-Wn-°-Ww. (a) `c-W-L-S\m aqey-߃. (b) Ip´n-bpsS k¿∆-tXm-apJ hnImkw. (tijw t]Pv 33)
15
]©m-b-Øv cmPv tUm. sP._n. cmP≥
]
{¥≠mw ]©h’c]-≤Xnbn-¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfpsS Bkq{XW am¿§tcJ k¿°m¿ ]pd-s∏Sphn®ncp∂pht√m. (k.D.(Fw.-Fkv.) \w. 168/12/X.kz.`.h, XobXn: 15/06/2012). Bkq{XW am¿§tcJ kw_-‘n®v Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfnse A≤y£¿, sk{I-´dnam¿, Ãm-‚ nwKv IΩn‰n A≤y£¿, h¿°nwKv {Kq∏v `mchmlnIƒ, πm≥ tIm¿Un-t\-‰¿am¿ F∂nh¿°v kwÿm\ hym]-Iambn Ine ]cn-io-e\w kwL-Sn∏n®p. ]cnioe\Øn¬ D∂bn°-s∏´ kwibßfpsSbpw \n¿t±iß-fp-sSbpw ]›mØeØn¬ Bhiy-amb t`ZKXnItfmSpIqSn ]cn-jv°cn® am¿-§tcJ k¿°m¿ ]pd-s∏Sphn®n´p≠v. (k.D. (Fw.Fkv.) \w. 225/12 X.kz.-`.h. XobXn: 18/08/2012). {][m\-ambpw taJem hIbncp-ج, πm≥ tIm¿Un-t\‰sd \n›bn°¬, h¿°nwKv {Kq∏v, {Kmak`, {Kma-tI{µßƒ, t{]mPIvSv Xømdm°¬, _lph¿j t{]mPIvSv, kmt¶XnIm-\paXn, sSIv\n°¬ A∏-te‰v IΩn‰n, ]≤Xn AwKoImcw, Akq{XW˛ tamWn‰dnwKv sNehp-Iƒ F∂o Imcy--ßfn¬ IqSpX¬ hy‡X hcpØp∂ XcØn¬ hcp-Øn-bn´p≈ t`ZKXnIfmWv ]cnjv°cn® am¿§-tcJbn¬. apJyamb t`ZKXnI-fn--te°v shfn®w hoipIbmWv Cu teJ\w. taJem hI-bn-cp-ج ]›m-Ø-e-ta-J-e-bv°m-bp≈ ]c-am--h-[n hI-bn-cp-ج hnI-k\^≠n-s‚ \n›nX iX-am\w ({Kma/tªm°v ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ˛45, Pn√m-]-©m-b-Ø- p-- Iƒ˛50, ap\n-kn-∏men-‰n-Iƒ°pw tIm¿∏-td-j\pw˛55) F∂Xv s]mXp-hn-`mKw ^≠n-t‚-Xmbn t`Z-KXn sNbv-X - n-´p-≠v. AXm-bXv hnI-k-\ ^≠n¬ \n∂pw {]tXyI LSI ]≤Xn (SCP), ]´nIh¿§ D]-]-≤Xn (TSP), temI-_m¶v klm-bw, {]tXy-I -{Km‚ v F∂nh Hgn-sIbp≈ XpI-bpsS iX-am-\-amWv IW-°m-°p-I. Fkv.kn.-]n., Sn.-F-kv.-]n. F∂n-h-bn¬ IpSpw_ tI{µo-IrX kao-]-\-Øn¬ Hmtcm IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw kmaq-ln-I-˛-km-º-ØnI hnI-k-\-Øn-\mWv Du∂¬ \¬tI≠sX∂v Bkq-{X-W am¿§tcJ-bn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cp∂-p. A-Xn-te°v Fkv.kn/Fkv.‰n. ka{K k¿t∆-bpsS ÿnXn-hn-hc - I - W - ° - p-Iƒ - ASn-ÿm-\s - ∏-SpØn Bbn-cn-°Ww Bkq{XWw \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠-sX∂v ]cn-jv°c - n® am¿§-tc-Jb - n¬ {]tXyIw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p. {]kvXpX k¿t∆-bn-¬ e`y-amb ÿnXnhnhcIW°p-Ifp-sS hniIe\ØneqsS
16
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv IpSpw_ß-fpsS C√mbva (Deprivation) \nehmcw IW°m°n Ah ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\v ]cym]vXamb t{]mPIvSpIƒ Bhnjv-°cn°Wsa∂mWv CXpsIm≠v Dt±-in°p∂Xv. πm≥ tIm¿Un-t\-‰¿ πm≥ tIm¿Unt\‰sd \nban°p∂ ImcyØn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\Øn\v IqSp-X¬ kzmX{¥yw \¬InsIm≠v "Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ß- f n¬ \n∂pw Bkq{XWØn¬ {]mhoWyap≈ Hcp \n¿∆lW DtZymKÿs\ F∂Xn\p]Icw LSI ÿm]\߃ Dƒs∏sSbp≈ ÿm]\ßfnse bp.Un. Ãm‰kn¬ Ipd-bmØ Hcp DtZymKÿs\tbm, \n¿∆lW DtZymKÿs\tbm F∂m°n t`ZKXn sNbvXn´p≠v. \n¿∆lW DtZymKÿ\√mØ F∂m¬ Bkq{X-WØn¬ {]mhoWyhpw Xm¬]cy-hpap≈ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfnsetbm LSIÿm]\ßfnsetbm a‰v DtZymKÿcpsS tkh\w hn\ntbm-Kn-°phm≥ CØcØn¬ km[yamIpw. h¿°nwKv {Kq∏v h¿°nwKv{Kq∏v sshkvsNb¿-t]gvkWmbn Hcp DtZymKÿt\m P\-{]Xn\n[ntbm A√mØ hnZKv[s\ sXcs™Sp°Wsa∂ t`ZKXn \n¿tZiØneqsS CXp kw_‘n® AhyIvXX ZpcoIcn®n´p≠v. CtXmsSm∏w h¿°nwKv-{Kq∏v LS\ kw_‘n® {]mtbmKnI _p≤nap´pIƒ ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\p≈ \n¿t±ihpw t`ZKXnbn¬
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
hcpØnbn´p≠v . CXn≥ {]Imcw Hmtcm h¿°nwKv {Kq∏n\pw {]tXyIw sNb¿t]gvks\ \n›bn°m≥ X°hÆw AwK߃ _‘s∏´ Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbn¬ Cs√¶n¬ [\Imcyw Dƒs∏sSbp≈ a‰p Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbn¬ \n∂pw sNb¿t]gvk¨ BIm≥ HcwKsØ sXcs™Sp°mhp∂Xpw F∂n´pw XnIbmsX h∂m¬ AXXv Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbnse HcwKØn\v H∂ne[nIw h¿°nwKv {Kq∏ns‚ sNb¿-t ]gv k ¨ BImhp∂ XcØn¬ am¿§tcJbn¬ t`ZKXn hcpØnbn´p≠v. Zmcn{Zy \n¿Ωm¿÷\ D]]-≤Xn Xømdm°p∂ h¿°nwKv {Kq∏ns‚ sNb¿t]gvk¨ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\Øns‚ A≤y£\msW∂v A\p_‘w 15˛¬ sImSpØncp∂Xv t`ZKXn hcpØnbn´p≠v. t£aImcy Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbpsS Iogn¬ hcp∂ h¿°nwKv {Kq∏v BbXn\m¬ AXn¬ \nt∂m AXn¬ XnIbmsX h∂m¬ a‰p Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbn¬ \nt∂m D≈ P\{]Xn\n[nIsfbmWv sNb¿t]gvk¨ Bt°≠Xv. IqSmsX ]´n-IPmXn/]´nIh¿§ h¿°nwKv {Kq∏n-s‚ sNb¿t]gv k \mIm≥ t£aImcy Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbn¬ ]´nIPmXn/ ]´nIh¿§Øn¬ sNb¿t]gv k ¨ Dƒ-s∏sS Bcpw Xs∂ Cs√¶n¬ a‰v Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nIfnse ]´nIPmXn/ ]´nIh¿§Øn¬s]´ sNb¿t]gvk - ¨ Dƒs∏sSbp≈ AwKßsfbpw ]cnKWn°phm\p≈ \n¿t±ihpw Dƒt®¿Øn-´p≠v. {]m¥h¬IrXcmb ]´nI-
πm≥ tIm¿Unt\‰sd \nban°p∂ ImcyØn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm-]\Øn\v IqSp-X¬ kzmX{¥yw \¬In-sIm≠v Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Bkq{XWØn¬ {]mhoWyap≈ Hcp \n¿∆lW DtZym-Kÿs\ F∂Xn\p]Icw LSI ÿm]\߃ Dƒs∏sSbp≈ ÿm]-\ßfnse bp.Un. Ãm‰kn¬ Ipd-bm-Ø Hcp DtZymKÿs\tbm, \n¿∆-lW DtZymKÿs\tbm F∂m°n t`ZKXn sNbvXn´p≠v. \n¿∆lW DtZymKÿ\√mØ F∂m¬ Bkq-{X-WØn¬ {]mhoWyhpw Xm¬]cy-hp-ap≈ Xt±ikzbw `cW ÿm]\ß-fnsetbm LSIÿm]\ßfnsetbm a‰v DtZymKÿcpsS tkh\w hn\n-tbm-Kn-°phm≥ CØcØn¬ km[y-amIpw.
17
]©m-b-Øv cmPv sXmgn¬c-lnX¿°p≈ ]cn-io-e-\-ßfn¬ ]cn-io-e-\m¿∞n-I-fpsS {]mb-]-cn[n 35¬ \n∂v 40 Bbn t`Z-KXn sNbvXn´p≠v. H∏w Fwtπm-bvsa‚v FIvkvtN©ntem k¿°m-cns‚ at‰-sX-¶nepw kvIow {]Im-c-tam cPn-ÿ sNø-W-sa∂- \n_-‘-\bpw Hgn-hm-°n-bn´p-≠v. ]T-\-Øn¬ ]n∂m°w \n¬°p∂ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v {]tXyI tIm®nwKv \¬Ip∂-Xn\v k∂≤ {]h¿Ø\w kzcq-]n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ tbmKy-cmb ]pd-ta-bp≈ A≤ym-]-I-cpsS tkh\Øn\v h¿j-Øn¬ Hcp Syqj≥ sk‚n\v 3000 cq] F∂ ]cn-[n°v hnt[-b-ambn hnI-k-\-^≠v sNe-h-gn-°p-∂Xn\v t`ZKXnbn¬ A\paXn \¬In-bn-´p≠v. PmXn/]´nIh¿§ hn`mK߃- ° mbp≈ h¿°nwKv {Kq∏n\v t\XrXzw \¬-tI≠Xv {]kvXpX hn`mKØn¬ \n∂p≈h¿ Bbncn°Wsa∂v kmcw. A\nhmcy kµ¿`ßfn¬ {]knU-‚ n-\v GsXmcp h¿°nwKv {Kq∏ns‚bpw sNb¿t]gvk¨ ÿm\w hln°mhp∂ t`ZKXn \n¿t±iw Nne Xt±ikzbw-`cW ÿm]--\ßfnse¶nepw D≠m-tb°mhp∂ {]{Inbbnse XS -߃ Hgnhm°m≥ th≠nbmWv. {Kmak`Iƒ/hm¿Uv k`Iƒ {Kmak`Iƒ/hm¿Uv k`Iƒ, hnIk\ skan\m¿ XpSßnbhbpsS t^mt´m{Km^pIƒ AXXv an\nSvkv _p°pIfn¬ H∂n®p hbvt°≠XmsW∂v t`ZKXn \n¿t±iØn¬ \njv°¿jn°p∂p. {Kma tI{µßfpsS
18
hmSI, A\p_‘ {]h¿Ø\߃ F∂nhbv°mbn {]Xnh¿jw 50,000cq] Hmtcm hm¿-Un\v F∂v kv]jvSoIcWw \SØn-bn-´pap≠v. _lph¿j t{]mPIvSv _lph¿j t{]mPIvSns‚ ImcyØn¬ FÃnta‰v hn`Pn®√msX Hcpan®v sS≠¿ sNømsa∂ kv]jvSoIcWw hcpØnbn´p≠v. ]pXnbXmbn \n¿Ωn® Smdn´ tdmUpIfpsS 5 h¿j-Øn\p≈nep≈ A‰Ip‰]WnIfpsS sNehv hln°p∂Xn\p≈ DØchmZnXzw tIm¨{SmIvSdn¬ \n£n]vXamsW∂p≈ am¿§tcJm \n_‘\ Nne {]mtbmKnI _p≤nap´pIƒ ]cnKWn®v Hgnhm°nbn´p≠v. kmt¶XnIm\paXn FÃnta‰pIƒ°v kmt¶XnIm\paXn \¬Ip∂Xn\v s]mXpacmaØv hIp∏nse F©n\obdnwKv DtZymKÿcpsS kmºØnI A[nImc-Øn\p Xpeyambn F√m Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfnse F©n\obdnwKv DtZymKÿ¿°pw (\n¿∆lW Dt±ymK-ÿ\mbncn°Wsa∂n√) FÃnta‰v Xømdm°p∂Xn\p≈ A[nImcw t`ZKXnbn-eqsS \¬Ip∂p≠v. FÃn-ta‰n\v kmt¶XnI A\paXn \¬Ip∂ DtZymKÿ\v 1.11.2007 se k.D. (Fw.-Fkv.)/ \w. 243/2007/X.kz.`.h. DØ-chn¬ kmt¶XnI A\paXn \¬In-bncp∂ kanXnIƒ°v (sXm´SpØ taeptZym-Kÿs‚) A[nImc ]cn[n-bn¬ hcp-∂ XpIbv°p≈ kmt¶XnI A\paXn \¬--Im\p≈ A[nImchpw t`ZKXn-bneqsS \¬Inbn´p≠v. ]≤Xn AwKoImchpw sSIv\n°¬ A∏te‰v IΩn‰nbpw Un.]n.kn. AwKoImcw \¬tI-≠Xv hm¿jnI ]≤Xn tcJbmsW∂ kv]jvSoIcWw hcpØnbn´p≠v. F∂m¬ DØ-chn¬ ]d™n´p≈ A\nhmcy kµ¿`ßfn¬ t{]mPIvSv t`ZKXn sNtø≠ kmlNcyw h∂m¬ Aßs\-bp≈ t`ZKXn t{]mPIvSpIƒ°v Un.]n.kn. bpsS AwKoImcw hmtß≠XpamWv. kmt¶XnI A\paXn \¬InbXns\°pdn®p≈ ]cmXnI- f nt∑¬ Xo¿∏pI¬∏n°phm≥ Pn√mXeØnep≈ sSIv\n°¬ A∏te‰v IΩn-
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv ‰nbn¬ Un.]n.kn. sNb¿t]gvksW A≤y£\m°n t`ZKXn hcpØnbn´p≠v. t\csØ Pn√m IfIvSsdbmWv A≤y£\mbn \n¿t±in®ncp∂Xv. Bkq{XW-˛tam-Wn-‰-dnwKv sNe-hp-Iƒ Bkq{XW-˛tam-Wn-‰d - nwKv sNe-hpIƒ°mbn hnI- k - \ - ^ - ≠ n- t ‚bpw sabn‚-\≥kv ^≠n-t‚bpw 2 % hsc XpI F∂Xn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ hyXykvX \nc°pw ]cn[nbpw G¿s∏Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ]´nI ImWpI. hnjb taJem \n¿t±i߃ hnhn[ hnjb taJeIƒ°p≈ {]tXyI \n¿t±i߃ am¿§tcJbpsS A\p_‘w 1 ¬ sImSpØncp∂p. Ahbn¬ {it≤bambn hcpØnbn´p≈ t`ZKXnIƒ sXmgn¬, BtcmKyw, IpSnsh≈w, ]m¿∏nSw, kmaqly kpc£nXXzw F∂o taJeIƒ kw_‘n®p≈hbmWv. sXmgn¬c-lnX¿°p≈ ]cnio-e\ - ß - fn¬ ]cn-io-e\ - m¿∞n-If - psS {]mb-]c - n[n 35¬ \n∂v 40 Bbn t`ZKXn sNbvXn´p≠v. H∏w Fwtπm-bs v a‚ v FIvktv N©ntem k¿°m-cns‚ at‰-sX¶nepw kvIow {]Im-ct- am cPn-ÿ sNøW-sa∂- \n_-‘\ - bpw Hgn-hm-°n-bn´p≠v. ]T-\Ø - n¬ ]n∂m°w \n¬°p∂ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v {]tXyI tIm®nwKv \¬Ip∂-- Xn\v k∂≤ {]h¿Ø\w kzcq-]n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ kml-N-cyØn¬ tbmKy-cmb ]pd-ta-bp≈ A≤ym]-Ic - psS tkh\Øn\v h¿j-Øn¬ Hcp Syqj≥ sk‚n\v 3000 cq] F∂ ]cn[n°v hnt[-ba - mbn hnI-k\ - ^ - ≠v sNe-
h-gn-°p--∂Xn\v t`ZKXnbn¬ A\paXn \¬In-bn-´p≠v. kao]-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw hcp∂ tcmKn-Iƒ D≈ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfnse \n¿≤-\-cmb tcmKn-Isf Dƒs∏-SpØn Xøm-dm-°p∂ t{]mP-Iv‰n≥ Iogn¬ Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ e`ya√msX hcp∂ acp∂-p-Iƒ, k¿°m¿/A¿≤-k¿°m¿/k¿°m¿ AwKoI-cn® ÿm]\߃, GP≥kn-Iƒ e-`y-as - √-¶n¬ F∂n-hn-Sß - f - n¬ _‘s∏´ \n¿∆-lW DtZym-K-ÿ-s‚ (saUn-°¬ Hm^o-k¿) ip]m¿i-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ASp-Øp≈ \oXn tÃmdn¬ \n∂pw acp-∂p-Iƒ e`y-am°n sNehv _‘-s∏´ \oXn tÃmdn\v \¬Im-hp-- ∂XpamWv. IpSnsh≈ hnX-cW t{]mP-Iv‰p-Iƒ°v 10% XpI KpW-t`m-‡r-hn-ln-Xambn hI-bn-cp-ØWsa∂ \n_-‘\ t`Z-K-Xn-bn-eqsS Hgnhm°nbn-´p≠v. AwK≥hmSnIfpsS t]mj-Im-lm-c-hnX-c-W-Øn\mbn tªm°v ]©m-b-ØpIƒ XpI \¬tI-≠-Xn-√m-sb-∂Xn¬ t`-ZK - Xn hcp-Øn tªm°v ]©m-bØ - pIfpw {Kma]©mbØp-Ifpw 1:2 A\p]m-X-Øn¬ hln-°-W-sa∂v am‰nbn-´p≠v.- `£WhnXcW ]cn]mSnIfpsS ImcyØn¬ \n¿[-\c - mb tcmKn-Iƒ°v Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ Ign-bp∂ Zn\-ß-fn¬ IpSpw-_{io hgn `£Ww ]mNIw sNbvXv \¬Ip--∂Xn-\p≈ {]tXyI \n¿-t±iw DƒtN¿Øn-´p-≠v. AXn\v th≠nhcp∂ XpI _‘s∏´ Bip]{Xn A[nIrXcpsS km£y]{X-Øn-
Bkq{XW-˛tam-Wn-‰-dnwKv sNe-hp-Iƒ Xt±i kzbw`cW ÿm]\w
H∂mw h¿jw (2012 -˛13) ]≤Xn cq]oIcWw (iXam\w)
{Kma]©mbØv tªm°v ]©m-bØv Pn√m-]© - m-bØv ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ 60 tImSn-bn¬ Xmsg ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ 60 tImSn-bpw AXn\v apI-fnepw sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
tamWn‰dnwKv
2% (]camh[n 2 e£w)
1.5% (]camh[n 1 e£w) 1% (]camh[n 1.5 e£w) 1% (]camh[n 1 e£w) 0.1% (]camh[n 2 e£w) 0.2% (]camh[n 3 e£w) 1% (]camh[n 3 e£w) 0.5% (]camh[n 1 e£w) 0.1% (]camh[n 5 e£w) 0.1% (]camh[n 3 e£w) 0.1% (]camh[n 10 e£w)
0.05% (]camh[n 4 e£w)
s‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ IpSpw_{io°v sImSp°mhp∂XmWv. _Uvkv kvIqfn-se Ip´nIƒ°v IpSpw-_{io hgn A\p]q--cI t]mjImlm-chpw D®`£- Whpw ]mNIw sNbvXpw \¬Imhp∂XmWv. AXn\v kvIqƒ A[nIrXcpsS km£y]{XØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ XpI \¬Imhp∂-XmWv. ]m¿∏nSØns‚ ImcyØn¬ \n›nX Imebfhn\ptijw (hoSv \n¿ΩmWw 12 h¿jØn\v tijhpw hoSv dn∏b¿ 6 h¿jØn\ptijhpw) \¬Ip∂ [\klmbØn\v hnt√Pv FIvÃ≥j≥ Hm^ok¿/sk{I´dn F∂nhcn¬ \n∂mWv hmktbmKyamb hoSn√ F∂ k¿´n^n°‰v hmtß≠Xv. kmaqly kpc£nXXzØns‚ Imcy--Ø n¬ hnZym`ymk {]mbw Ign™ am\knI sh√phnfnIƒ t\cnSp∂ hy‡nIfpsS ]I¬ ]cn]me\w, sXmgn-¬ ]cnioe\w F∂nhbv°mbn _Uvkv kvIqfpIƒ C√mØ F√m {Kma-]©mbØnepw _Uvkv ]p\c[nhmk tI{µw Bcw`n-°Wsa∂ \n¿t±iw Iq´nt®¿Øn´p≠v. {]tXyI hn`mK߃°p≈ \n¿t±i߃ {]tXyI hn`mK߃°p≈ \n¿t±i-߃ am¿§tcJbpsS A\p_‘w 2¬ sImSpØncp∂p. {]tXyI LSI ]≤Xnbn¬ PetkN\ kuIcyw e`yam°p∂Xn\p≈ {]hrØnIƒ°v {]tbmP\w e`n°p∂ Irjn`qanbpsS DSaÿcn¬ Ipd™Xv A©v t]sc¶n-epw ]´nIPmXn°mcmbncn°W-sa∂ \n_‘\ Hgnhm°nbn´p≠v. AKXnIƒ°v B{ib t{]mPIvSv Xømdm°¬ am¿§tcJbpsS A\p_‘w 14-¬ AKXnIƒ°v B{ib t{]mPIvSv Xømdm°p∂ \n¿t±i߃ sImSpØn-cp∂p. Ahbn¬ kmaqlyamb H‰s∏S¬ ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\mbn hkv{XhnXcWw, sXmgn¬ ]cnioe\w, sXmgnepw ]p\:c[nhmkhpw XpSßnbh kw_‘n® \n¿t±i߃ ]pXpXmbn Iq´nt®-¿Øn´p≠v. Ne©v ^≠mbn A\phZn°p∂ XpIbpsS Hcp iXam\w AXymhiyImcy߃°v D]tbmKn°p∂- X n\mbn A°u≠n¬ dnk¿∆v ^≠mbn kq£n°Wsa∂pw t`ZKXnbn¬ \n¿t±in°p∂p. B{ib ]≤Xn-bpsS {]h¿Ø\w \nc¥cw hnebncpØp∂Xn\mbn Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\Øns‚ A≤y£≥ sNb¿t]gvk-Wmbn D]kanXnbpw Pn√m Bkq{XW kanXnbpsS Iogn¬ Hcp hnZKv[ kanXnbpw cq]oIcn°Wsa∂ \n¿t±ihpw Dƒt®¿Øn´p≠v.
19
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
X
t±ikz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ßfpsS ]{¥≠mw ]©-h-’c ]≤Xn Xøm-dm-°p--∂Xn-\p≈ am¿§-tc-Jb - psS (k.-D. (Fw.-F-kv.)168/12 X.-kz.`.h, XobXn 15/16/2012) JfinI 10˛¬ k_v k nUn/[\- k - l mbw kw_‘n® am¿§-tcJ {]tXy-I-ambn ]pds∏-Sp-hn-°p-sa∂pw k_vknUn am¿§tcJ ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]men®p F∂p-d∏p hcp-Øn-b-Xn\p tijta _‘-s∏´ DtZym-Kÿ - ¿ t{]mPIvSpIƒ°v AwKoImcw \¬Im≥ ]mSp≈p F∂pw ]d™n-cp∂-p. {]kvXpX DØ-c-hns‚ XpS¿®bmbn k_vknUn am\-Z-fißfpw _‘-s∏´ hnj-bß - fpw kw_‘n® am¿§-tcJ k¿°m¿ AwKo-Icn®v DØ-ch - m-bn-´p-≠.v (k.-D.(Fw.-Fk - .v ) \w: 229/2012 X.-kz.`.h, XobXn 28/ 08/2012). A-Xn-\m¬ Xt±ikz-bw-`cW ÿm]-\-ß-ƒ Xøm-dm-°p∂ hni-Za - mb t{]mP-IvSp-If - n¬ k_vkn-Un/ [ - \-kl - mbw _m[-Ia - m-sW-¶n¬ Ah {]kv X pX am¿§- t cJ {]Im- c - a p- f f k_v-knUn \nc-°p-Ifpw ]cn[nbpw am\-Zfißfpw ]men-®p-sIm-≠m-sW∂v Dd∏phc-ptØ≠Xp≠v. ]Xn-s\m∂mw ]©h’c ]≤-Xnbn¬ k_vknUn kw_-‘n®v hnhn[ Ime-b-fhn¬ Cd-ßn-bn-´p≈ DØ-chpI-fn-se Imcy-ß-ƒIqSn DƒtN-¿Øv sIm≠pw k_v-kn-Un \nc-°p-I-fn¬ DNn-Xamb ]cn-jv-Imcw hcp-Øn-bpamWv Ct∏m-gsØ k_vknUn am¿-§tcJ Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cn-°p--∂Xv. IqSmsX Ahy-‡X D≠m-bn-cp∂ Imcy-ßf - n¬ IqSp-X¬ hy‡-Xbpw hcp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. k_vknUn sIm≠p-t±-in-°p∂-Xv KpW-t`m-‡m-°ƒ apX¬ap-S-°p∂Xv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂X -- n-\p-th≠n-bmWv hy‡n-KX - a - mbn k_vknUn- \¬Ip-- ∂Xv. DXv]m-Z-\-ta-J-ebnse hy‡n-KX k_vknUn, Gs‰-Sp-°p∂ {]h¿-
20
Ø-\-߃°v ]qc-I-amtbm A\p]q-cI - a - mtbm apX¬ap-S° - m≥ KpWt`m-‡m-°sf t{]cn-∏n-°p--∂Xn\p≈ t_m[-]q¿∆-amb {ia-amWv. KpW-t`m-‡m-hns‚ kz¥w Bhiy-Øn-\p-th≠n KpW-t`m-‡mhv kzbw \S-Øp∂/\S-tØ≠ {]h¿Ø-\Ø - n-\,v s]mXp [\-Øn¬ \n∂v (Public Fund) \¬Ip∂ klm-ba - mWv. ÿm]-\-߃°v \¬Ip∂ [\-klmbw {]mtZ-in-I-amb DXv]m-Z\/ sXmgn¬ h¿≤-\hv km[y-am-°p-∂Xn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ t{]m’m-l\ - am-Wv. F√m k_vkn-Un t{]mP-IvSp-Ifpw KpW-t`m‡r hnln-Xtam KpWt`m-‡m-°f - psS {]h¿Ø-\tam Dd∏m-°p∂ kwtbm-PnX ]cn-]m-SnbpsS `mK-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. s]mXp\n_-‘-\Iƒ Xt±-ik - z-bw-`c - W ÿm]-\ß - ƒ \¬Ip∂ k_vknUnbn-¬/[\-k-lmbØn-¬ NphsS ]d-bp∂ s]mXp-\n_-‘\-Iƒ _m[-I-amWv k_v k nUn kw_‘n®v am¿§tcJ-bn¬ ]d™n´p≈ am\Zfi߃ AXXv t{]mPIv‰n¬ A¿-lXm am\Zfißfmbn \n¿_‘ambpw tN¿t°≠XmWv. am¿§- t c- J - b n¬ {]Xn- ] m- Z n- ® n- ´ n√mØ at‰-sX-¶nepw C\-Ønt\m, Hmtcm C\Øn\pw ]d™ {]Imca-√mØ hn`m-K-߃t°m, Hmtcm C\-Øn\pw ]d-™n-´p-≈X - n¬ A[n-I - c n® \nc- ° ntem XpI- b ntem k_vknUn \¬Ip--∂Xn\v k¿°mcns‚ ap≥Iq¿ A\p-aXn Bhiyam-Wv. k_v k nUn am\- Z - fi - ß - f psS ewL\w Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-ßfpsS ^≠ns‚ Zp¿hn-\n-tbm-Ka - mbn IW-°m-°p∂-Xpw am¿§-tc-Jb - n¬
]d-™-Xn\v hncp-≤-ambn \¬Inb k_vknUn DØ-ch - m-Zs - ∏´ hy‡nbn¬/hy‡n-I-fn¬ \n∂v _m[-Iamb \nb-a-hy-h-ÿbv°v hnt[-bambn CuSm-°p--∂Xp-am-Wv. Hcn-\Ø - n\v at‰-sX-¶nepw k¿°m¿ hIp-∏n¬ \nt∂m GP≥kn-bn¬ \nt∂m ÿm]-\-Øn¬ \nt∂m k¿°m¿ [\-k-lmbw e`n-°p∂ hy‡n°v/{Kq∏n\v/ÿm]-\Øn\v AtX C\-Øn\v am¿§-tcJ {]Imc-ap≈ k_vkn-Un°v A¿l-X-bp≠m-bn-cn-°p--∂X√. ÿmhctam PwKtam Bb BkvXn-Iƒ°v, ap≥ h¿j-ß-fn¬ k¿°m¿ [\-k-lm-btam Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\Ø - n¬ \n∂p≈ [\-kl - mbtam e`n-®n-´p-≈-h¿, k¿°m¿/ Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]\w \n›-bn°p∂ \n›n-XI - m-em-h[ - n-°p-tijw am{Xta AtX C\-߃°v ho≠pw k_vknUn e`n-°p--∂Xn\v A¿lcm-Ip-I-bp-≈q. k_vknUn \nc-°p-Iƒ/ am\-Z-fi߃ hy‡nIƒ°v / IpSpw_߃°v / {Kq∏pIƒ°v A\p-hZ- \ - o-ba - mb G‰hpw IqSnb k_vknUn \nc°v, XpI, am\Zfi߃ F∂nh taJe Xncn®pw C\w Xncn®pw am¿§-tc-J-bn¬ sImSpØn-´p-≠v. Irjn, arK-kw-c-£-Ww, £oc hnI-k\w, aÆv˛- P - e - k - w-c£ - W - w, a’y-_‘ - \ - w, IpSn-sh-≈w, hoSv (hoSv ]p\-cp-≤m-c-Ww, hb-dnw-Kv, km\n-‰dn F∂n-hbpw), kzbw sXmgn¬ kwc-w`߃, aÆnc Itºm-Ãv (I-tºm-Ãv, _tbm-Kymkv πm‚ v F∂n-hbpw) F∂o taJ-e-Iƒ°p≈ \nc-°p-Ifpw am\-Zfi-ßf - p-amWv C\w Xncn®v sImSp-Øncn-°p--∂Xv. kl-Ic - W kwcw-`ß - ƒ°v (£ocw, a’yw, hyh-km-bw, ssIØdn, Ib¿, JmZn, ]´n-I-Pm-Xn, ]´n-I-h¿§w, I¿j-I¿ F∂n-h) [\-k-lm-bsk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv Øn\p≈ am\-Zfi ß - fpw C\w Xncn®v am¿§-tc-J-bn¬ \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. imco-cn-I˛- a - m-\k - nI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\cnSp-∂h¿°v klmbw imco-cn-I˛- a - m-\k - nI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\cnSp-∂h¿°v F.-]n.-F¬, _n.-]n.F¬ th¿Xn-cn-hn-√msX 100% klmbw \¬Im-\p≈ am¿§tcJbnse \n¿-t±i-w {]tXyIw {it≤-ba - m-Wv. imco-cnI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\cn-Sp--∂h¿, tIƒhni‡n Ipd-™-h¿, am\-knI sh√phn-fn-Iƒ t\cn-Sp--∂h¿, ImgvN Ipd-™h¿ F∂n-ßs\ XcwXncn®v Ah¿°v Bh-iy-amb D]-I-c-W-߃/km[-\߃ \¬Im≥ \n¿t±-i-ap-≠v. Hmtcm hy‡n°pw {]tXyI kvs]kn-^n-t°j- \ n- e p≈ D]- I - c - W - ß ƒ thWw F∂p-≈-Xn-\m¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcbpw ]cn-tim-[n®v Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw Bhiy-amb D]-Ic - W - Ø - ns‚ t]cpw kvs]kn-^n-t°-j\pw aXn∏v hnebpw \n›bn® tij-amWv t{]mPIvSv Xøm-dmt°-≠X - v. {Kma-]© - m-bØ - p-Ifpw \Kc`-cW ÿm]-\-ßfpw am{Xta CØ-cØn¬ t{]mPIvSv Xøm-dm°m-hp. AXn\mbn {Kma-]-©mb-Øp-Iƒ°v th≠n tªm°pXe-Ønepw \K-c`- c - W ÿm]\-߃°p-th≠n \K-c` - c - W ÿm]-\X-eØntem ASp-Ø-Sp-Øp≈ ct≠m aqt∂m \K-c` - c - W ÿm]-\ß - ƒ tN¿t∂m "D]-Ic - W Bh-iy-IXm \n¿Æb Iymºv' \S-ØW - w. tªm°pXe Iymºn--\p - t h≠n _‘- s ∏´ tªm°v ]©m-bØpw \K-c-`-cW ÿm]-\-ßfpsS kwK-Xn-bn¬ AXmXv \K-c`- c - W ÿm]-\hpw Iymºn-\p-th-≠n-h-cp∂ sNehv hln-°-Ww. Iymºn¬ ]s¶Sp-°p∂ hy‡n°pw Bhiysa¶n¬ Hcp klm- b n°pw `£- W - ˛ - b m{Xm sNe- h p- I ƒ°mbn ]c- a m- h [n 250 cq]m hoXw \¬Im-hp--∂Xm-Wv. imcocn-I-˛-am-\-knI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\cn-Sp∂h¿°v sshIeyw hy‡-am-°p∂ Im¿Upw k¿´n-^n-°‰pw kmaq-ly-kpc£m anj≥ \¬In- b n- ´ p≠v . 40% e[nIw sshIeyap≈ Aßs\bp≈h-scbpw Im¿Uv e`n°mØ A¿lcm- b - h - c p- s ≠- ¶ n¬ Ah- s c- b p- a mWv Iymºn-- t e°v £Wn- t °- ≠ - X v. Hm¿tØm-´nIv F©n-\o-b¿ (Orthotic Engineer), t{]mkv-sX-‰nIv F©n-\o-b¿ (Prosthetic Engineer), HmUn-tbm-fP - nÃv ( Audiologist), Hm]vtXm- s a- { SnÃv ( Opthometrist ) F∂n- h - c Sßp∂ kwL-amWv ]cn-tim-[\ \S-tØ-≠X - v. Xmeq°v/Pn√m Bip-]{- Xn-If - n¬ \n∂v Cu hnZKv [ sc e`n- ° p∂--X m- W v . Unkv{SnIvSv Untk-_n-ƒUv dnlm-_nen-t‰-j≥ sk‚¿ (DDRC), saUn-°¬ sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
tImtfPv, kmaq-lykp-c-£m-an-j≥ F∂n-h-bpsS klmbw Cu Bh-iyØn\v tXSm-hp--∂Xm-Wv. imco-cnI˛am\- k nI sh√p- h n- f n- I ƒ t\cn- S p∂ hnZym¿∞n- I ƒ°p≈ {]Xn- a m- k - / hm¿jnI _Ø kw_-‘n®pw am¿§tc-Jbn¬- ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p≠v. ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ aƒ_dn Irjn°pw sIm°q¨ D¬∏m-Z-\-Øn-\p-ap≈ t{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ, ssIØdn hnI-k\ taJ-eb - n¬ lukv˛--Iw˛h¿°vsjUv \n¿Ωm-Ww, t]hnj \n¿Ωm¿P-\-Øn\pw sXcphv \mbv°fpsS \nb-{¥-W-Øn\pw th≠n-bp≈ t{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ, `qc-ln-X-˛`h\ clnX¿°v hoSv hbv°p--∂Xn\v Xt±-i`- c - W ÿm]-\ß - ƒ - ÿew hm߬, hnhml [\-k-lm-bw, \nba km£-cX ]cn]mSn F∂n-hbv°pw {]tXyI \n¿t±i-߃ am¿§-tcJ-bn¬ D≠v. ka-{KC≥jzd≥kv kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
imco-cn-I˛ - a- m-\k - nI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\cnSp-∂h¿°v F.-]n.-F¬, _n.-]n.-F¬ th¿Xn-cn-hn-√msX 100% klmbw \¬Im-\p≈ am¿§tcJbnse \n¿-t±-iw- {]tXyIw {it≤-ba- m-Wv. imco-cnI sh√p-hn-fnIƒ t\cn-S∂ - p- h¿, tIƒhn-i‡n Ipd-™h - ¿, am\-knI sh√p-hn-fnIƒ t\cn-S∂ - p- h¿, ImgvN Ipd-™h - ¿ F∂n-ßs\ XcwXncn®v Ah¿°v Bh-iy-amb D]-I-c-W-߃/km[-\-߃ \¬Im≥ \n¿t±-ia- p-≠v. Xs∂ \S- ∏ n- e m°n hcp--∂ Xn\m¬ hy‡nIƒt°m IpSpw-_-߃t°m th≠n Hcp C≥jzd≥kv ]cn-]m-Snbpw Xt±- i - k z- b w- ` - c W ÿm]- \ - ß ƒ Gs‰-Sp-Ø-h¿ ]mSn-√. GsX-¶nepw C≥jzd≥kv ]cn-]mSn Gs‰-Sp-°m≥k¿°m-dns‚ {]tXyI am¿§-\n¿t±iw D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. ]´n-I-Pm-Xn-˛-]´n-I-h¿§ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v sa®-s∏´ hnZym-`ymkw ka¿∞-cmb ]´n-I-Pm-Xn-˛-]´n-Ih¿§ hnZym¿∞n- I ƒ°v sa®- s ∏´ hnZym-`ymk kuI-cy-߃ \¬Ip∂ ]cn]mSn {]Imcw ]´n-IPmXn/]´n-I-
h¿§-°m-cmb hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v D∂X \ne-hmcw ]pe¿Øp∂ dkn-U≥jy¬ kvIqfp-If - n¬ ]T\w \S-Øp-∂Xn-\p≈ t{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ Pn√m ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°pw ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-Iƒ°pw tIm¿∏-td-j\ - p-Iƒ°pw Gs‰-Sp-°m-hp∂-XmWv. ]´nIPmXn˛]´nIh¿§ hnIk\ hIp∏n¬ _m[Iambn´p≈ \n_‘\Iƒ ]ment°≠XmWv. ]´n-I-PmXn/ ]´n-Ih - ¿K-°m¿°v hntZ-iØv sXmgn¬ e`y-am-Ip∂ ]£w sXmgn¬ hnk-bpw Sn°‰pw lmPcm-°p∂ apdbv°v 10,000 -cq]bpw bYm¿-∞ Sn°‰v Nm¿÷pw \¬Im-hp-∂Xm-Wv. sadnt‰mdnbkv hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v s{]m^-j-W¬ tImtf-Pp-I-fn¬ ]Tn°p--∂Xn\v tIc-fØ - n¬ 25,000- cq]-bpw, kwÿm-\Ø - n\v ]pdØv 50,000 cq]bpw ÿm]-\-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ km£y-]-{XØns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn≥ sImSp-°mhp--∂Xm-Wv. k¿°m¿/A¿≤ k¿°m¿ ÿm]\ßfnse Poh\-°m¿, 1,00,000 cq]bn¬ IqSpX¬ hm¿-jnI hcpam-\ap≈ IpSpw_ßfnse AwK߃°v Cu B\pIqeyw e`n-°p-∂X√. (¢mkv \mep hn`mKw Poh-\-°m¿°v CXv _m[Ia√). \nb-{¥-W-߃ ]©m-bØ - p-Ifpw ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-Ifpw tIm¿∏- t d- j \pIfpw am{Xta hy‡n-KX B\p-Iq-ey-߃ hnX-cWw sNøp∂ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Gs‰Sp°mhq. F∂m¬ s\¬Ir-jn-°m¿°v Iqen-sNehv, k_vkn-Un, `qc-ln-X˛- `- h - \ - c - l - nX¿°pth≠n {Kma-]© - m-bØ - p-Iƒ t\cn´v ÿew hmßp∂ t{]mP- I v S p- I ƒ F∂n-hbv°v tªm°v-˛-Pn√m ]©m-bØp-Iƒ°v hnlnXw \¬Imw. ]´nIh¿§-°m¿°p≈ ]pXnb hoSv \n¿ΩmW-Øn\v {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ Gs‰Sp-°p∂ t{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ°v Pn√m-]© - mb-Øp-Iƒ°v hnlnXw \¬Imw. F®v.sF.hn. _m[n-X¿°p≈ t]mj-Imlmc hnX-cWw Pn√m-]-©m-b-Øp-IfmWv Fs‰-Sp-t°-≠-Xv. hnI-k-\-^≠n¬ \n∂pw iºfw/HmWn-td-dnbw, hml-\߃ hm߬, Huj[-߃ hm߬, IpSpw- _ {io kwhn- [ m- \ Øn\v dnthmƒhnwKv ^≠v, Im¿jnI/ ]mStiJc kan-Xn-°p≈ dnthmƒ-hnw-Kv ^≠v, t_m[-h-¬°cW Iymºp-Iƒ, taf-Iƒ, tkmUnbw th∏¿ hnf-°pIƒ hm߬, ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ F∂n-hbv°pw Nne \nb-¥-W-߃ D≠v. {]kvXpX \nb-{¥-W-߃°pw \n_-‘-\-Iƒ°pw hnt[-b-am-bn-´m-bncn-°Ww k_vknUn \¬tI-≠-Xv. teJ-I≥ Inebn¬ Akn v s{]m-^-kdmWv
21
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
C
¥ybn¬ samØw P\kwJy-bpsS 75% tØmfw hkn°p∂Xv {KmaßfnemWv. CXn¬ Xs∂ GsX-¶nepw XcØnep≈ C≥jqd≥kv ]cnc£sb°pdn®v Adnhp≈h¿ shdpw 25%Øn¬ Xmsg am{Xtabp≈p. F∂m¬ BtcmKy NnIn’m C≥jqd≥kv tIhew 2%Øn¬ Xmsgbp≈h¿°p am{Xsa D]-tbmKs∏Sp∂p≈p. C≥jq-d≥kns\-°pdn®p≈ Adnhn√mbva, C≥jqd-≥-kv km£-c-X-bpsS Ipdhv, kmt¶XnI-amb \qemameIƒ F∂nhbmWv CXns‚ ImcW߃. k¿°m¿ taJebnepw kzImcy-taJ-ebnepambn Ccp]tXmfw C≥jqd≥kv Iº\nIƒ C∂v C¥y-bn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂p. Ccp]Øt©mfw hnhn[ C≥jqd≥kv kvIoapIƒ {KmaoW¿°mbn Cu Iº\nIƒ G¿-s∏SpØnbn´p≠v. F∂ncn°nepw aXn-bmb C≥jzd≥kv ]cnc£ {KmaoW taJebn¬ ]cnanXamtb ImWp-∂p≈p. hfsc henb {]oanbw XpI, {Kmao-WcpsS Ipd™ hcpam\w, am¿°-‰nwKv C≥{^mkv{SIv®dns‚ A`mhw, kab_‘nXambn s¢bnw \¬Im≥ kwhn[m\an√mbva XpSßn-bhbmWv CXns‚ kmt¶XnI Imc-W߃. BtcmKy C≥jqd≥kns‚ {]k‡n tcmKßfpw A]ISß- f pw XSbm≥ \ap°v IgnbpIbn√. F∂m¬ Chaqew D≠mhp∂ kmºØnI \jv - S ߃ Hcp ]cn[nhsc \nIØmhp- ∂ - X mWv . C≥jqd≥kns‚ ASnÿm\ XXzhpw CXmWv. BZy ImeØv {KmaoW P\߃ IqSpX¬ Btcm-Kyhm∑mcpw tcmK߃ Ipd™hcp-ambncp∂p. C∂v tIcfØn¬ {Kma- ß fpw \Kcßfpw GXm≠v H∂mbn GI \Kcsa∂ coXnbn¬ \ne\n¬-°p∂p. Zn\w{]Xn IqSpX¬ IpSpw_-߃ hnhn[ tcmK_m[nXcmbn amdp∂p. hfscb[nIw XpI Bip]{XnIfn¬ Nnehgnt°≠nhcp∂p. Cu kmlNcyØnemWv BtcmKy C≥jqd≥kns‚ {]k‡n h¿≤n°p∂Xv.
Nne \n_‘\Iƒ°p hnt[b-ambn \mw {]XnZn\w shdpw 2 cq] am‰nshbv - ° pIbmsW¶n¬ 5 AwK IpSpw_-Øn\v Hcp h¿jw NpcpßnbXv 30000 cq]bpsS C≥jqd≥kv hmßmhp∂-XmWv. BZysØ Hcp h¿jw Nne \n_-‘\Ifp≠v. ]n∂oSv hcp∂ F√m tcmKhpw NnIn’m ]cn[nbn¬ hcp∂p. acp∂p-IfpsS hne, tUmIvS¿ ^okv, a‰p Bip-]{XnNnehpIƒ F∂nhbn¬ Cu ASpØ ImeØv `oaamb h¿≤\ h∂n´p≠v. C{Xbpw `oXnP\Iamb h¿≤\hv BtcmKy NnIn’mcwKØv h∂n´pw aXnbmb C≥jqd≥kv ]cnc£ G¿s∏SpØp-∂Xn¬ \mw XnI™ A\mÿbmWv ImWn-°p∂Xv. \mw HmtcmcpØcpw C≥jqd≥kv FSp- ° ptºmƒ, \ap°v Cuizcm\p{Kl- Ø m¬ tcmKw hcmXncp∂m¬ {]kv-XpX XpI tcmKnbmb as‰mcmfpsS NnIn’°mbn \¬Ip∂ D¬IrjvS I¿ΩamWv C≥jqd≥kneqsS \S°p∂Xv. BtcmKy kpc£m C≥jqd≥kv ]≤Xn \nehnep≈ BtcmKy C≥jqd-≥kv ]≤Xnbmb RSBY ]≤Xnbn¬ ]pemat¥mƒ {Kma]©mbØnse 3000 BPL IqSpw_ßfn¬ 700 IpSpw-_-߃ am{XamWv kvam¿´v Im¿Uv ]pXp°nbn´p≈Xv. an° kzImcy Bip]{XnIfn¬ NnIn’ e`ya√mØXmWv CXn\v {][m\s∏´ ImcWw. Cu kmlNcyØnemWv ]pemat¥mƒ {Kma]©mbØv IpSpw_{io CDSDw tI{µs]mXptaJem ÿm]\amb \mjW¬ C≥jqd≥kv Iº\nbp-ambn tN¿∂v BtcmKy kpc£m C≥- j qd≥kv ]≤Xn°v XpS°w Ipdn®Xv. 5 AwK BPL IpSpw-_Øn\v 150 cq] hm¿jnI {]oanbw, APL IpSpw_-ß-ƒ°v 450 cq]bpw-. \n_‘\Iƒ°v hnt[bambn Hcp h¿-jØn¬ 30000 cq] hsc NnIn’m- sNehpIƒ Xncn- sI e`n- ° p- ∂ Hcp ]≤XnbmWnXv. Hcp XhW ]camh[n 12,500 cq]bv-°p≈ NnIn’m sNehp-Iƒ e`n°pw. BZy-sØ {]khØn\pw NnIn’m sNehv e`n°pw. km[mcW {]khØn\v 2,500
Fw.sI. d^oJ
22
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
]pem-a-t¥mƒ {Km-a-]-©m-b-Øn-s‚ hnhn[ hn-I-k-\-]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS D-Zv-LmS-\w \-K-c-Imcy h-Ip-∏p a{¥n a-™-fmw-Ip-gn A-en \n¿-∆-ln-°p∂p.
cq]bpw kntkdn- b\v 5000 cq]bpw e`n°pw. Cu ]≤XnbpsS DZvLmS\w ae∏pdw ]©mbØv sU]yq´n Ubd-IvS¿ kn.F≥. _m_p \n¿∆ln®p. PohnXssieo tcmK߃ a\pjys‚ Blmcioeßfpw tcmKßfpw XΩn¬ At`Zyamb _‘ap≠v. a\pjy≥ `qanbn¬ DS-seSp-Ø Imew apX¬ tcmKßfpw D≠mbncp∂ncn°msa¶nepw C∂pImWp∂ ]e tcmKßfpw B[p\nIImeL´-Øns‚ kw`mh\IfmWv. PohnXssienbn¬ h∂ am‰ßfpsS ^eambn D≠mhp∂ Cu tcmKßsfbmWv PohnXssieo tcmK߃ (Life Style Diseases) F∂v \maIcWw sNbvXn´p≈Xv. lrZbmLmXw, Iym≥k¿, {]talw, AXnc‡kΩ¿±w, Db¿∂ sImfkvt{Smƒ, kvt{Sm°v, am\knI {]iv\߃ XpSßn hfsc Kuchamb Ht´sd tcmK߃ Cu ]´nIbn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn®n´p≠v . Chbn¬ ]eXpw ap≥Imeßfnep≠m-bncps∂¶nepw C∂sØt∏mse hfsc hym]Iambn \sΩ ]nSnIqSnbncp∂n√. CXns‚ {][m\ ImcWw sX‰mb Blmcioeß-fm-Wv. PohnXssienbn¬ h∂ am‰ßƒ {][m\ambpw aq∂v ImcyßfnemWv. Blmc]Zm¿∞ßfnepw BlmccoXnbnepw h∂ am‰ßƒ. hymbmaan√mbva. IqsSIqsS D≠mIp∂ am\knI kwL¿j߃. amdnb PohnX kmlNcyØn¬ Hs´sd {]iv\ßsf t\cntS≠n hcp∂Xn\m¬ am\knI-kwL¿j-ßfpw IqSn°qSn hcp∂p. Ahsb Ignbp∂Xpw kaNnØXtbmsSbpw bmYm¿∞yt_m-[-tØm-sSbpw t\cn-Sp-Ibpw ]cnlcn-°pIbpw sNømsX hcptºmgm-Wv ]e PohnXssien tcmKßfpw XpS°w Ipdn°p∂Xv. kvt\lIncWw ]≤Xn ]pemat¥mƒ {Kma]©mbØv, sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
BtcmKyap≈ Hcp kaqlsØ D≠m°nsbSp°pI F∂ e£y-tØm-sS Cu h¿jsØ hm¿jnI ]≤Xn-bn¬ ka{K BtcmKy ]≤Xn°v {Kma-]©mbØv XpS°w Ipdn°p-∂p≠v. PohnXssieotcmK߃ ]c-amh[n Ipdbv°pI F∂ e£ytØm- s S AØ- c - Ø nep≈ BfpIfpsS am\- k nI- k wL¿j߃ ]camh[n Ipd-bv°p-∂X - n\v th≠n enhnßv sh¬ tImgvkv, B¿´v Hm^v enhnßv XpSßn-bh IqSn Dƒ-s∏SpØnsIm≠p≈ k-ºq¿Æ B-tcmKy]≤Xn ]pemat¥mƒ {Kma-]©mbØv cq]I¬]\ sNbvXn´p≠v. PohnXssieotcmKßfmb {]talw, ªUv{]j¿, BkvXa XpSßnb tcmK߃ aqew _p≤nap´p∂ hfsc ]mhs∏´h¿°v kuP\yambn acp∂v \¬Ip∂ kvt\lIncWw ]≤Xn°v XpS°w Ipdn®p. B{ib KpWt`m‡m°fp-sS k¿t∆ {Kma]©mbØnepS-\ofw \SØnbt∏mƒ PohnXssieo-tcmK߃aqew _p≤nap´p∂ hfscb[nIw IpSpw-_߃ ]©m-b-Øn-ep-s≠∂v t_m[y-s∏-´p. Chsc B{ib]≤Xnbn¬ Dƒs∏SpØm≥ IgnbmØXn\memWv kv t \l- I n- c Ww ]≤Xn Bcw-`n-®-Xv. Ct∏mƒ ]≤Xn-bn¬ 200 KpWt`m‡m°fp≠v. Ch¿°v kuP\yambn acp∂v hnXcWw sNøp-∂p. \ΩpsS HmtcmcpØcpsSbpw
]pem-at- ¥mƒ {Km-a] - © - m-bØ - n-s‚ B-tcm-Kykpc-£m C≥-jq-d≥-kv ]≤-Xn ]-©mb-Øv sU-]yq-´n U-bd-Œ¿ kn.F≥. _m-_p D-ZL -v mS\w sN-øp∂p.
BtcmKyw sa®s∏SpØp∂Xn\v Blm-c-{IaoIcWhpw hymbmahpw Bhiyap≈Xpt]mseXs∂ am\knImtcmKyw ]cnc£n°p∂Xn\pw Nne \S]SnIƒ th≠nhcp∂p. Ahbn¬ G‰hpw {][m\w am\knI kΩ¿±w Ipdbv°pI F∂XmWv. \ΩpsS \nXyPohnXØnse Nn¥Isfbpw {]iv\ßsfbpw a\ n¬ \n∂I‰n \n¿Ønbm¬ am{Xta am\knI]ncnapdp°ßƒ°v Abhp hcpØn am\knImtcmKyw \ne\n¿Øp- h m≥ Ign- b q. AXn\v hnhn[ am¿§ß-fp≠v. tbmK, [ym\w, Nncn, kwKoXw, D√mk bm{X XpSßnbh XnI®pw kpc£nXhpw BtcmKyIchpamb am¿§ßfmWv. BtcmKyap≈ Hcp kaqlsØ D≠m°nsbSp°pI F∂ e£y-tØms - S Cu h¿jsØ hm¿jnI ]≤Xnbn¬ ka{K BtcmKy ]≤Xn°v {Kma]©mbØv XpS°w Ipdn°p-∂p≠v. PohnXssieotcmK߃ ]c-amh[n Ipdbv ° pI F∂ e£ytØm- s S AØ-c-Ønep≈ BfpIfpsS am\knI-kwL¿j߃ ]camh[n Ipdbv°p-∂-Xn\v th≠n enhnßv sh¬ tImgvkv, B¿´v Hm^v enhnßv XpSßnbh IqSn Dƒ-s∏SpØnsIm≠p≈ kºq¿Æ B- t cmKy]≤Xn ]pemat¥mƒ {Kma-]©mbØv cq]I¬]\ sNbvXn´p≠v. teJnI ]pemat¥mƒ {Kma ]©mbØv {]kn-U‚mWv
23
]©m-b-Øv cmPv kvanj. kn
h‰n-Øp-S-ßp∂ \ocp-d-h-Iƒ Ip
ip≤-P-e-Øns‚ Imc-y-Øn¬ \mw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]iv\-߃ hfsc-tbsd k¶o¿Æam-Wv. Hcn-‰p-sh-≈-Øn-\p-th≠n A\-y-t\mSv hg-°n-tS≠n hcp∂ B]¬°-c-amb Ime-tØ-°mWv \mw \S-∂-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ C\n-sbmcp temI-a-lm-bp≤w D≠m-hp-I -bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv IpSn°m\pw \\-bv°m-\p-ap≈ sh≈-Øn\p th≠n-bmhpw F∂Xpw N¿®mhn-j-b-am-Wv. Cu Ahÿ hcp-Øn-sh-®-Xn¬ a\p-j-ys‚ ]¶p sNdp-X-√. 24
Sn-sh≈w Ib-‰n-t∏m-hp-I-bmbn-cp∂ \K-c-k-`-bpsS temdn A{I-anIƒ X´n-s°m-≠p-t]mbn t_mws_dn™v ]cn-{`m¥n krjvSn-®t- i-ja - mWv temdn- X-´n-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv. Kpcp-X-c-ambn ]cn-t°-‰- temdn ss{Uh-sdbpw klmbn- s bbpw Pn√m Bip- ] - { Xn- b n¬ {]th-in-∏n-®p. CsXmcp km¶-ev]nI hm¿Ø-b-√. kam-\-amb F{Xtbm kw`-h-߃ IpSn-sh-≈-hp-ambn _‘s∏´v temI-Øm-I-am\w \S-∂-Xmbn \mw hmbn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ae-bmf ]{Xß-fnepw CØcw Hcp hm¿Ø {]X-y£-s∏-Sm≥ Gsd \msfm∂pw ImØncn-t°-≠n-h-cn-√. IpSn-sh-≈-Øn-\mbn \S-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ ka-cØn-te-°mWv CØcw hm¿Ø-Iƒ hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂X - .v ip≤-Pe - Ø - ns‚ Imc-yØ - n¬ \mw A`nap-Jo-Ic - n-°p∂ {]iv\ß - ƒ A{X-tbsd k¶o¿Æ-am-Wv. Hcn-‰p-sh-≈-Øn-\pth≠n A\-yt- \mSv hg-°n-tS≠n hcp∂ B]¬°-c-amb Ime-tØ-°mWv \mw \S-∂-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ C\n-sbmcp temI-al - m-bp≤w D≠m-hpI-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv IpSn°m\pw \\bv°m-\p-ap≈ sh≈-Øn\p th≠nbmhpw F∂Xpw N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-Wv. Cu Ahÿ hcp-Øn-sh-®-Xn¬ a\pj-ys‚ ]¶p sNdp-X-√. Cu ÿnXn Fßs\ adn-I-S°mw F∂v Btem-Nnt°≠ kabw AXn-{Ian®n-cn-°p-∂p.
Zml-P-e-Øn\v kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv `qap-JsØ Pe-k-º-Øns‚ 97.2 iX-am-\hpw a\p-j-ys‚ \nXy PohnX-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ kap-{Z-P-e-am-Wv. ip≤-Pew shdpw 2.8 iX-am\w am{X-am-Wv. CXn¬ Xs∂ 2.1-iX - a - m-\hpw {[ph-{]-tZ-isØ a™pa-e-I-fn¬ Bb-Xn-\m¬ D]-tbm-K-tbmK- y - h p- a - √ . _m°n- b p≈ ip≤- P - e Øns‚ 0.63 iX-am\w `qP-e-am-Wv. imkv{X-Øns‚ klm-b-tØmsS `qPe-Øns‚ 50 iX-am-\hpw \ap°v D]tbm-K-tbm-K-y-am-°mw. F∂n-cn-°nepw BtKmf Pekº- Ø ns‚ hfsc sNdn-b` - mKw am{X-amWv ip≤-Pe XSmI-ß-fnepw \Zn-I-fnepw ImWp-∂-Xv. BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ 1989 se IW-°p{]-Imcw Ipd-™Xv 9000 Iyq_nIv ao‰¿ ip≤-Pew Btfm-lcn e`y-am-bncp-s∂-¶n¬ 2000¬ AXv 7800 Iyq_n-Ivao-‰dpw 2005¬ 5100 Iyq_nIv ao‰-dmbpw Ipd- ™ p. temI- Ø m- I - a m\w \qdv tImSn P\- ß ƒ°v IpSn- ° m- \ p≈ ip≤-Pew e`n-°p-∂n-s√-∂mWv ÿnXnhn-hc IW-°p-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. tIc-fØ - n¬ sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb 44 ]pg-Ifpw 29 XSm-I-ßfpw Imb-epIfpw FÆ-a‰ Ipf-ßfpw Nnd-Ifpw Dd-h-I-fp-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ Chb{Xbpw h‰n hc-fp-Ibpw `oXn-Xamwhn[w aen\o-Ic - n-°s - ∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - pam-Wv. sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
ae-bm-f-Øns‚ IYm-Im-c≥ Fw.-Sn. hmkp-tZ-h≥ \m-b-cpsS IYm-]-cn-k-cß-fn¬ Ft∏mgpw Ic-I-hn-s™m-gp-Inbn-cp-∂, ae-_m-dns‚ hen-sbmcp `q{]tZ- i - Ø ns‚ kwkv I m- c - s Ø- X s∂ \n¿W-bn-®n-cp∂ `mc-X∏ - p-gb - psS Ahÿ C∂v AXn-Z-b-\o-b-amWv. ]c∂v InS°p∂ Np´p-s]m-≈p∂ aW¬∏-c∏ - n¬ Ahn- S - h n- s S- b mbn Dudn- ° n- S - ° p∂ ssI°p- S ∂ sh≈- a mbn Cu \Zn saen-™p-t]m-bn. Cßs\ sNdp-Xpw hep-Xp-amb \nc-h[n \Zn-Iƒ \mi-sØ t\cn-Sp-Ib - m-Wv. ae-∏p-dw, tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-If - n-eqsS Hgp-Ip∂ Nmen-bm¿ ]pgbpsS Xoc-Øm-bn-cp∂p amhq¿ Kzmfntbm¿ dtbm¨kv ^mIvS-dn {]h¿Øn®n-cp-∂-Xv. Chn-SpsØ S¨ IW-°n\v cmk-am-en-\y߃ AXp-hsc Cf-\o¿ sh≈w t]mse ip≤-am-bn-cp∂ Nmenbm-dns‚ lrZ-b-Øn-te-°mWv Iº\n Hcp Zb-bp-an-√msX Hgp-°n-hn-´X - v. Nmenbm-dns‚ XocØv PohnXw Icp-∏n-Sn∏n® hen-sbmcp P\-X-bpsS Pohn-XØn¬ AXp-≠m-°nb {]Xym-LmXw Nn√-d-b-√. Kzmfn-tbm¿ dtbm¨-kn-s‚ {]h¿Ø\w \ne-®n´v h¿j-ß-fm-sb¶nepw Ah- s cm- g p°nhn´ amen- \ yØns‚ ZpcnXw t]dn Pohn-°p-∂-h¿ Nmen-bm-dns‚ Ccp-IcIfnepw C∂pap-≠v. Ihn `mh-\-bn¬ Bbncw ]mZ-k-c߃ Inep°n Hgp-Inb Bep-hm-∏pg C∂v S¨ IW-°n\v amen\yw t]dnbmWv Hgp-Ip-∂-Xv. Ih-dp-I-fn-em-°nb \ΩpsS ASp-°f amen\yw ]me-Øn\v apI- f n¬ \n∂v Xn°pw s]m°pw t\m°n ]pg- b n- t e- s °- d n- b p- t ºmƒ \mSns‚ \mUo-hyq-l-Øn-te-°m-Wv AXp sN∂p hogp-∂-sX∂p \mw ad°-cp-Xv. Ic-a-\-bm¿, ]m¿hXo ]pØ\m¿ XpSßn Xe-ÿm\ Pn√bnse an° \Zn-I-fp-sSbpw ÿnXnbpw hyXykvX-a-√. ]pWy-\Znbmbn hnti-jn-∏nsk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
°-s∏-Sp∂ ]º-bnse tImfnt^mw _mIvSo-cn-b-bpsS Afhv i_-cn-ae Xo¿∞m-S\ ImeØv ]Xn-∑-Sßv h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWp-∂p. C°m-eØv \Zn-bn-te°v Hgp-In-sb-Øp∂ a\p-jyhn-k¿Pyw Xs∂-bmWv tImfnt^mw _mIv-So-cn-b-bpsS Afhv CØ-c-Øn¬ h¿≤n-°m≥ Imc-WamIp∂Xv. Pe-t{km-X- p-I-fpsS kwc-£Ww 1600 In.-ao. \of-Øn¬ \o≠p-In-S°p∂ ae-\n-c-I-fmWv ]›n-a-L-´w. temI-Ønse A]q¿h ssPh hn\ymk-Øns‚ tI{µ-ß-fmWv ]›n-a-L´ h\- ß ƒ. temI- Ø nse Xs∂ 35 AXoh ssPh kºpjvS (Hot Spot) taJ-e-I-fn¬ H∂mWv ]›n-a-L-´w. tIc-fw, Xan-gv\m-Sv, I¿Æm-S-I, tKmh, alm-cm-jv{S, KpP-dmØv F∂o Bdv kwÿm\ßfn- e mWv ]›n- a - L ´w \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. Cu kwÿm-\-ßfnse 25 tImSn-tbmfw hcp∂ P\-ßfpsS IpSn- s h- ≈ w, Pe- t k- N \w XpSßn hnhn[ Bh-iy-߃ \nd-th‰p-∂X - n¬ ]›naL´-Øn\v kp{]-[m\ ]¶m-Wp-≈Xv. F∂m¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ ]›n-a-L-´-Øns‚ `mK-amb ]e ]mcnÿn-XnI Zp¿_e {]tZ-i-ßfpw \misØ t\cn-´p-sIm-≠ncn°bm-Wv. CXv kwÿm-\-Øns‚ IpSn-sh≈ t{kmX p-Is - f-bmWv G‰-hp-a[ - nIw _m[n-°pI. ]›naL´-Øns‚ kwc-£W - s - Ø°p-dn®v ]Tn-°m≥ tI{µ-h\w ]cn-ÿnXn a{¥m-ebw \ntbm-Kn® s{]m^. am[hv KmUvKn¬ IΩn-‰n-bpsS dnt∏m¿´v hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn¬ N¿® sNøpIbmWv. CsXm-s°bpw ImWn-°p-∂Xv \ΩpsS IpSn-sh≈ t{kmX- p-If - psS imkv{Xo-bhpw {]mtbm- K n- I - h p- a mb kwc-£-W-Øn\v \mw F{X-tØmfw k÷-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww F∂-Xm-Wv. ag-sh≈w aÆntem Pem-i-b-ßfntem kw`-cn-°-s∏-SmsX IS-en-seØn-t®¿∂m¬ \mw C∂v ImWp∂
`qap-JsØ Pe-kº - Ø - ns‚ 97.2 iXam- \ hpw a\p- j - y s‚ \nXy Pohn- X Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ kap-{Z-Pe - a- m-Wv. ip≤-Pew shdpw 2.8 iX-am\w am{X-am-Wv. CXn¬ Xs∂ 2.1- i - X - a m- \ hpw {[ph- { ]- t Z- i sØ a™p-ae - I - f- n¬ Bb-Xn-\m¬ D]-tbmK-tbm-Ky- h - p-a√ - . _m°n-bp≈ ip≤-Pe-Øns‚ 0.63 iX-am\w `qP-ea- m-Wv. imkv{X-Øns‚ klm-bt- ØmsS `qPe-Øns‚ 50 iX-am-\hpw \ap°v D]tbm-K-tbm-K-y-am-°mw. F∂n-cn-°nepw BtKmf Pekº-Øns‚ hfsc sNdnb-`mKw am{X-amWv ip≤-Pe XSm-Iß - fnepw \Zn-If- nepw ImWp-∂X - .v BtKmf- X - e - Ø n¬ 1989se IW- ° p- { ]Imcw Ipd- ™ Xv 9000 Iyq_nIv ao‰¿ ip≤-Pew Btfm-lcn e`y-am-bncp- s ∂- ¶ n¬ 2000¬ AXv 7800 Iyq_n- I v - a o- ‰ dpw 2005¬ 5100 Iyq_nIv ao‰-dmbpw Ipd-™p. temIØm-I-am\w \qdv tImSn P\-߃°v IpSn-°m-\p≈ ip≤-Pew e`n-°p-∂ns√-∂mWv ÿnXn-hn-hc IW-°p-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Pem-i-b-ß-sfm∂pw D≠m-bn-cn-°n-√. F∂m¬ {]IrXn CXn\v ka¿∞ambn ]cn-lmcw Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. agsh-≈-Øns‚ `qcn-`m-Khpw Hgp-In-t∏mIp-sa-¶nepw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂Xv a¨Xcn- I ƒ°nS- b nepw aÆnse hnhn[ kpjn-c-߃°nS-bnepw kw`-cn-°s-- ∏Sp-∂p. Cßs\ kw`-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ PeamWv InWdp- I - f nepw ag- b n- √ mØ
25
]©m-b-Øv cmPv ImeØv ]pg-I-fnepw FØ-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. `qan-bn¬ kw`-cn-°s - ∏-Sp∂ Pe-Øns‚ Afhv aÆns‚ kz`m-hw, aÆn¬ ]Xn°p∂ ag-bpsS i‡n, aÆns‚ sNcnhv F∂n-hsb B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. h\ta-J-e-I-fn¬ ag s]ø-tºmƒ kkyß-fpsS sImºp-I-fnepw Ce-I-fn-epw X´nbpw Nn√-If - n-eqsS Hen-®n-dßn aÆnse-Øp-∂p.- CXv aÆn¬ IrXy-ambn kw`-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu sh≈w aÆneqsS Hen-®n-dßn ae-bpsS ASn-`mKØv \n∂v sNdnb \o¿®m-ep-I-fmbn ]pd-Øp-h-cn-Ibpw Ch IqS-t®¿∂ Acp-hn-Ifpw ]pg-Ifpw D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXmWv ag-sh≈w `qan-bnse-Øp-Ibpw AXv \Zn-Ifpw ]pg-Ifp-ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xns‚ Nm{InI coXn. th\¬°meØpw ag-°m-eØpw Htc-t]mse Hgp-Ip∂ ]pg-bnse PeØns‚ t{kmX v {][m-\-ambpw aeI-fn¬ ag-°m-eØv kw`-cn-°p∂ Peam-Wv. Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ agbpsS e`yX Ipd-™m¬ th\¬°m-eØv AXv `oI-c-amb {]Xym-Lm-X-amWv krjv S n- ° p- I . 2012¬ Ime- h ¿jØns‚ ka-bØv kwÿm-\-ØmsI CXp-hsc e`n-t°≠ ag ]q¿Æambpw e`n®n´n√. Imem-h-ÿ-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ h≥ hyXn-bm-\ß - ƒ aqe-am-W,v ag-bpsS Af- hn¬ KWyamb Ipdhv kw`-hn-®Xv. \Ωƒ A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-°m-\n-cn-°p∂
26
_yqtdm Hm^v C¥y≥ Ãm≥-tU-¿Uv (BIS)A\p- k - c n®v IpSn- s h≈w F∂Xv ip≤hpw tcmKm- W p- h n- a p‡hpw \ndtam aWtam C√m-ØXpw [mXp-°-fpsS Afhv Bh-iy-Øn\v am{X-ap-≈Xpw hnj-]Z- m¿∞-߃ ASßn- b n- ´ n- √ mØpw Bbn- c n- ° - W w. F∂m¬ \ap°v C∂v e`y-am-Ip∂ IpSnsh≈w ta¬∏- d ™ KpW- ß ƒ ]q¿Æ- a mbpw Dƒs°m- ≈ p- ∂ - X msW∂v Dd-∏p-hc- p-tØ-≠X - p-≠.v henb Hcp \K-ca- mbn amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ IpSn-sh-≈-Øns‚ Cu Ah-ÿbv°v {Kma \Kc hyXym-ka- n-√mXm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. {Kma-ßf- n¬ t]mepw Ip∏n-sh≈ hn]Wn Xg-b° v p-∂X - ns‚ Imc-Whpw as‰m-∂-√. AtX-k-a-bw Ip∏n-sh≈-Øns‚ KpW-ta∑ ]cn-tim[n-°m-t\m- D-d∏p hcp-Ømt\m HutZymKn-Ia- mbn Hcp kwhn-[m-\hpw \ne-hn-en√ F∂Xv henb sshcp-≤y-am-W.v
Pe- Z u¿e- ` y- Ø ns‚ Bgw CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈p. AXpsIm≠v \ΩpsS ac-ß-sfbpw ImSn-s\bpw ae-I-sfbpw Pe-t{km-X p-I-sfbpw tNmc sImSp-Øpw kwc£n-t°-≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS k¥p-en-Xmh-ÿsb kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw AXns\ XInSw adn°p-Ib - mWv Itºmf kaqlw sNøp-∂-Xv. Ip∂n-Sn-°mt\m B aÆp]-tbm-Kn®v hb¬ \nI-Øm-t\m ImSv sh´n-sØ-fn-°mt\m Hcp aSn-bpan-√m-Øh - c - mbn \mw amdn. Cu hn]Wn kwkvImcw \ΩpsS Pe-t{km-X- p-IfpsS \mi-Ønepw AXp-hgn IpSn-sh≈-Øns‚ e`y-X-bnepw hcp-Ønb Ipdhv \ΩpsS IW°p Iq´-ep-Iƒ°v A∏p-d-Øm-Wv. I¿i-\-amb \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-ØneqsS am{Xta {]Ir-Xnsb hy`n-N-cn-°p∂ a\pjys‚ Cu coXn Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m-\m-hq. F¥mWv ip≤-Pew? _yqtdm Hm^v C¥y≥ Ãm≥-tU¿Uv (BIS)A\p-k-cn®v IpSn-sh≈w F∂Xv ip≤hpw tcmKm-Wp-hn-ap-‡hpw \ndtam aWtam C√m-ØXpw [mXp°-fpsS Afhv Bh-iy-Øn\v am{X-ap≈Xpw (minerals & dissolved solids with in limit) hnj-]-Zm¿∞-߃ AS-ßn-bn´n-√mØpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww. F∂m¬ \ap°v C∂v e`y-am-Ip∂ IpSn-sh≈w
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv ta¬∏-d™ KpW-߃ ]q¿Æ-ambpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xm-sW∂v Dd-∏p-h-cptØ-≠-Xp-≠v. henb Hcp \K-c-ambn amdn- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂ tIc- f - Ø n¬ IpSn-sh-≈-Øns‚ Cu Ah-ÿbv°v {Kma \Kc hyXym-ka- n-√m-Xm-bn-cn--°p-∂p. {Kma- ß - f n¬ t]mepw Ip∏n- s h≈ hn]Wn Xg-bv°p-∂-Xns‚ Imc-Whpw as‰m-∂-√. AtX-k-a-bw Ip∏n-sh≈Øns‚ KpW-ta∑ ]cn-tim-[n-°m-t\mD-d∏p hcp-Ømt\m HutZym-Kn-I-ambn Hcp kwhn- [m-\hpw \ne-hn-en√ F∂Xv henb sshcp-≤y-am-Wv. D]-tbm-K-iq\y-amb Ip∏n-Iƒ aÆn¬ hen-s®-dn-bptºm- g p- ≠ m- I p∂ ]mcn- ÿ n- X nI BLmXw thsd-bpw. sske‚ vhmen t]mep≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬ Ip∏n-sh≈ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v A\p-aXn sImSp-°m\p≈ \o°w sNdp-Øp-\n¬°-s∏-tS≠XmWv. Jc-am-en-\yhpw IpSn-sh-≈hpw hnf-∏n¬im-e, emeq-cv, sRfn-b≥ ]dºv F∂nh ae- b m- f n°v aq∂p ÿe-t∏-cp-Iƒ am{X-a√ AXn-ep]cn BIm-i-tØm-f-ap-b¿∂p \n¬°p∂ No™p-\m-dp∂ amen-\y-°q-ºm-cØ - ns‚ {]XoIw IqSn-bm-Ip-∂p. tIc-f-Øns‚ ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw X¿°-ß-fpsS cq]-Øn¬ Cu t]cpIƒ Db¿∂p hcm-dp-≠v. hmKzm-Zß - fpw t]m¿hn-fn-Ifpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. CØcw {]tZ-i-ß-tfmSv tN¿∂v Xma-kn-°p-∂h¿°v Hcp \mSns‚ apgp-h≥ Zp¿K-‘hpw t]td-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xns‚ k¶-Shpw adp-`m-K-Øp-≈-h\v A∂-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ amen-\y-߃ \nt£-]n-°m≥ CS-an-√mØ-Xns‚ k¶-S-hpw. imkv{Xo-bhpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb Jc-am-en\y \n¿Ωm¿P\ kwhn-[m\w am{X-amWv Cu k¶Sw ]cn-lc - n-°m-\p≈ GI-hg - n. `cW-Iq-Shpw P\-ßfpw ]c-kv]cw hn´phogvN sNbvXp-sImt≠ CXv km[yam-Iq. ÿe-Øns‚ e`y-X-Ip-dhpw amen\y kwkvIc- W - Ø - n¬ tIcfw t\cnSp∂ henb sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv. AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ hnf-∏n¬im-ebpw sRfnb≥ ]d-ºp-sams° A]-cn-lm-cy-amwhn[w Aßs\ Xs∂ \n¬°p-Ib - m-W.v `oam-Im-ca - mb Cu amen-\y-Iq-ºm-cß-fpsS As√-¶n¬ amen\y {]tZ-iØns‚ Np‰p-]m-Sp-ap≈ hoSp-If - nse InW-dp-Iƒ amdm-tcm-Kß - ƒ°v Imc-Wa - mIp∂ tcmKm-Wp-°f - psS Cu‰n-√a - m-Wv. tImgn-t°ms´ sRfn-b≥ ]dºn-s‚ \mev Intem-ao-‰¿ Np‰-fh - n-ep≈ hoSpI-fnse InW-dp-If - n¬ Chn-S∂v Du¿∂nd-ßp∂ aen-\-Pew Ie-cp-∂-Xmbn hnhn[ kwL-S\ - I - ƒ \S-Ønb ]T\w sXfn-bn-®n-´p-≠v. amdmØ Xcw sNmdn t]mep≈ Akp-J-߃ Cu {]tZsk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
isØ Bfp-Iƒ°v ]nSn-s]-Sp-∂p-≠v. Pe-kw-c-£Ww ho´n¬ \n∂v XpSßmw Itºmf a\pjy\v hoSv Hcp hmkÿew F∂-Xn-\-∏pdw s]mß-®-߃ sI´n-s∏m-°m-\p≈ tIm¨{Io‰v ku[-ß-fm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ct≠m aqt∂m Bfp- I ƒ°v Xma- k n- ° m≥ \mw sIm´mc Xpey-amb sI´n-S-߃ ]Wn-bp-∂Xpw ap‰-a-S°w kna‚n-Sp-∂Xpw. Hcp Xp≈n ag-sh-≈w-t]mepw \ΩpsS `qan-bn-te°v Acn-®ndßp∂n√t√m F∂v Nn¥n-°m≥ t]mepw \mw ad∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. ]®∏v ImWm\pw sh≈-Øns‚ kv]¿i-a-dn-bm\pw \mw Pe-tIfo tI{µ-ß-fn-te°pw ]m¿°pI-fn-te°pw ]Ww apS°n bm{X-bmhp-∂p. \ΩpsS hnI-ea - mb ]cn-ÿnXn t_m[-Øns‚ {]Xn-^-e-\-ß-fmWv CsXm-s°. Hcp ho´n¬ Fs¥ms° Xc-Øn¬ sh≈w ]mgm-°p-∂p F∂v Nn¥n-®m¬ Xs∂ BsI \mw ]mgm°n If-bp∂ ip≤-Pe - Ø - ns‚ Afhv F{X hep- X m- s W∂v a\- n- e m- ° mw. agsh≈ kw`-c-Whpw InW-dp-Iƒ doNm¿÷v sNøp- ∂ - X p- s ams° `mhn- b nte°v sh≈w Icp-Xn-sh-bv°m-hp∂ Nhn-´p-]-Sn-I-fm-Wv. kz¥w hoSp-I-fn¬ \n∂v CXv I≠phf-cp∂ Ip´n-Iƒ sh≈w ]mgm-°msX D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]Tn- ° p- I bpw sNøpw. tdmUp- I ƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bpsS Acn-Inepw
a[y-Ønepw D≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ ]® acß-sf-°p-dn®v \mw Nn¥n-°m-ØXpw Hcp sI´nSw ]Wn-bpI F∂ Bibw DZn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ \n¿±njvS `qanbnse ac-߃ sh´n-am-‰p-∂Xpw Pet{km-X- p-Iƒ aÆn´v \nI-Øp-∂Xpw ]cn-ÿn-Xnsb°pdn®v Ah-t_m-[-an√m-ØXpsIm≠m-Wv. {]IrXn Zpc-¥ß-sfm-s°bpw ]Tn-∏n®psIm-≠n-cn-°p∂Xv ]cn-ÿn-Xn-tbmSv \mw C\nbpw F{X-tØmfw CWßn Pohn-°Ww F∂m-Wv. sh≈w {]Ir-Xn-bnse F√m PohPme߃°pw Hcp-t]mse Bh-iyap≈ H∂m-Wv. Zml-Pew \ntj-[n-°s∏-SpI F∂m¬ Pohn-°m-\p≈ AgImiw \ntj- [ n- ° - s ∏- S pI F∂mW¿∞w. AXn-\m¬ hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ Ip´nIfn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ \ap°v XpStß-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ac-߃ \in-∏n°msX tXmSp-Ifpw ]pg-Ifpw aen-\am-°msX Ip∂p-Iƒ sh´n-\n-cØmsX hb-ep-Iƒ aÆn-´p-aq-SmsX `mhnbnse Hmtcm Ip™n-\p-ambn \ap°v Cu sh≈w kwc-£n°mw. kvIqfp-I-fn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ Bcw-`n-°mw. ]cn-ÿn-XnbpsS \mi-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[-h¬°-cW - {]Xn-⁄s - b-Sp°mw \ap-°v, \mtf°v th≠n ag-sh≈w tiJ-cn-°msa∂v, \ocp-dh - I - sf \in-∏n-°n-s√-∂v. teJnI Pe\n[n kn.kn.Un.bphn¬ KÃv ^m°¬‰nbmWv.
27
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
BkvXn cPnÃdpIfpsS Iºyq´¿h¬°cWhpw kmwJybpambp≈ GtIm-]-\hpw Xt ± i ` c W ÿ m ] \ ß f n s e BkvXn cPnÃdpIƒ UnPn‰¬ cq]Øn¬ kmwJy U_nƒ F≥{Sn A°u≠nwKpambn tbmPn∏n®v {]h¿Øn-°p∂Xv kw_‘n®v k¿°m¿ DØchv ]pds∏Sphn®p. (k.D.(ssI)\w.-212/ 2012 Xkz`h, 06.08.2012.) CXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ 31.03.2012 hsc B¿÷n®n´p≈ BkvXnIƒ F√m Xt±i`cWÿm]\ßfpw kNn{X tkm^v‰v-shb¿ aptJ\ tcJs∏SptØ-≠X - mWv. 2012 am¿®v 31 hsc B¿÷n®n´p≈Xpw ssIhiap≈Xpamb
apgph≥ Bkv-XnIfpsSbpw hnhcw tkm^v‰vsh-b-dn¬ tcJs∏SpØp∂Xn\pw kmwJy A°u≠nwKv, kpte-J
XpSßnb tkm^v‰vshbdpIfpambn tbmPn∏n®v {]h¿Øn∏n°p∂Xn\p≈ \S]SnIƒ sF.sI.Fw. kzoIcn®p hcp∂p. CXnte°mhiyamb tkm^v‰vshb¿ Xt±i`cWÿm]\ßfn¬ hn\ykn-®n´p≠v. B¿÷n® h¿jhpw XpIbpw tcJs∏SpØp∂ apdbv°v tkm^v ‰ v s h- b ¿ Xs∂ tXbv a m\w IW°m°n \nehnse aqeyw IW°m°p∂-XmWv. kmwJy, kpteJ, kqNnI XpSßnb tkm^v‰vshbdpIfpambn GtIm]n-®mWv kNn{X tkm^v‰vshb¿ {]h¿-Øn°p∂Xv.
kmwJy (U_nƒ F≥{Sn) 597 Xt±i`cW ÿm]\ßfn¬ ]q¿Æw 14 Pn√m ]©mbØpIƒ, 17 tªm°v ]©mbØpIƒ, 501 {Kma]©mbØpIƒ, 60 ap\nkn∏men‰nIƒ, 5 tIm¿∏tdj\pIƒ F∂nhnSßfnembn 597 Xt±-
i`cWÿm]\ßfn¬ A{Iqh¬ ASnÿm\am°nbp≈ U_nƒ F≥{Sn kwhn[m\Øns‚ Iºyq´¿h¬°-cWw ]q¿Ønbm°n. kmwJybpsS Cwπnsa-
t‚j\pambn _‘s∏´v Pqsse˛BKÃv amkßfn¬ sXc-s™SpØ Xt±i`cWÿm]- \ ßfn- s e 532 Poh\°m¿°v ]cnioe\w \¬In.
sI´nS \n¿ΩmW s]¿an‰pIƒ°p≈ kt¶Xw Bπn-t°-j≥ \ho-I-cn®p sI´nS \n¿ΩmW s]¿an‰pIƒ ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xn\p≈ kt¶Xw Bπnt°j≥, B¿°nsSIv®¿ cPnkvt{Sj\pw sI´nS s]¿an‰n\pw th≠n At]£ ka¿∏n°p∂Xn-\p≈ C˛^benwKv kwhn[m\w Dƒ-s∏SpØnbpw sN°venÃv Hmt´mam‰v sNbvXpw hnIkn∏n®p. \hoIcn® Bπnt°j≥ ss]e‰v ASnÿm-\-Øn¬ FdWmIpfw Pn√bnse Ifa-t»cn ap\nkn∏m-en‰nbn¬ hn\ykn-®n´p≠v. kqNnI (^b¬ {Sm°nwKv), kmwJy (U_nƒ F≥{Sn A°u-≠nwKv) F∂o Bπnt°j\pIfpambn kwtbmPn®mWv kt¶Xw {]h¿Øn-°p∂Xv. ss]e‰-
28
Snÿm\Øn¬ hn\ykn®n´p≈Xns‚ shfn®Øn¬ Ime- X m- a - k - a n√msX apgph≥ Xt±i-`cWÿm]\ßfnepw kt¶Xw Bπnt°j≥ hn\ykn°pw. F©n\o-b¿/B¿°nsSIv®¿-am¿°v kt¶Xw Bπnt°j\neqsS Hm¨sse-\mbn ssek≥kn\v At]- £ n°mw. At]£Iƒ ]cntim[n®v ssek≥kv \¬Ip∂Xv doPnbW¬ tPmbn‚ v UbdIvSdmWv. CØcØn¬ doPnbW¬ tPmbn‚ v UbdIv-Sdn¬ \n∂pw AwKoImcw e`n®n´p≈ F©n\ob¿/B¿°nsSIv-®¿-am¿°v Hm¨sse\mbn sI´nS s]¿-an‰n\v At]£n°mhp∂XmWv. sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
Hmt´mam‰nIv kvIqƒ lmP¿ kwhn[m\w hnIkn∏n®p k¿°m¿ kvIqfpIfnse hnZym¿∞nIfpsS lmP¿ \ne amXm]nXm°ƒ°v Fkv.-Fw.FkneqsStbm, C˛sabneneqsS- t bm, sh_v s sk‰neqsS sk¿®v sNbv t Xm e`yam°mhp∂ coXnbn-ep≈ "Hmt´mam‰nIv kvIqƒ lmP¿ kwhn-[m\w' C≥^¿taj≥ tIcf anj≥ hnI-kn∏n®p. CXv tÉv tU‰m sk‚-dnse sF.sI.Fw sk¿hdn¬ hn\y-kn®n´p≠v. lmP¿ kwhn[m\-Øns‚ DZvLmS\w 2012 BKÃv 9\v sF.sI.Fw FIv-knIyq´ohv sNb¿-am≥ & UbdIvS¿ tUm. Fw. jwkp±o≥ Xncp-h\¥-]pcw tXm∂bv°¬ Kh¨-sa‚ v lb¿ sk°≠dn kIqfn¬ \n¿∆ln®p. khntijXIƒ sh_v kzX{¥ tkm^v‰vshb¿ A[njvTnXw. tÉv Fw˛KthW≥kv tK‰vth-bneqsS Fkv.Fw.Fkv
kwhn-[m\w. F√m k¿°m¿ kvIqfpIƒ°pw D]tbmKn°mhp∂XmWv. kvIqfns‚ hnhc߃, A≤ym]-IcpsS (D]tbm‡m°ƒ) hnhc-߃, A≤yb\ h¿jw, kvIqƒ Unhnj\pIfpsS hnhc߃, hnZym-¿∞nIfpsS lmP¿ \ne, hnZym¿∞nIfpsS FÆw, hnZym¿-∞nIfpsS kvIqƒ Unhn-j\n¬ hcp∂ am‰ßƒ XpSßnb hnhc-߃ tcJs∏SpØmw. lmPc√mØ hnZym¿∞nIfpsS hnhcßfpw {][m\ ktµi-ßfpw Fkv.Fw.FkneqsS c£I¿-Øm-°sf Adnbn°p∂Xn\p≈ kwhn[m\w. hnZym¿∞nIfpsS lmP¿ tÉvs - a-‚ v.
CΩyq-ssW-tk-j≥ sjUyqƒ Fkv.Fw.-Fkv. Ae¿´n-eqsS P
\\˛acW˛hnhml cPnkvt{Sj≥ kw_‘amb hnhcßfpw \hPmX inip°fpsS {]Xntcm[ IpØnshbv∏v kw_‘amb hnhcßfpw samss_¬ t^m¨ Fkv.Fw.F n eqsS \¬Ip∂Xn\p th≠nbp≈ kwhn[m\w tkh\ tkm^v‰vshbdneqsS km[yam-Ip∂p. Xt±i`cWÿm]\ßfp- s Sbpw \mjW¬ dqd¬ sl¬Øv anjs‚bpw Bip]{XnIfpsSbpw klmbtØmsS sF.sI.FΩns‚ kmt¶XnI hnZy D]tbmKn®mWv Cu kwhn[m\w \S-∏m°p∂Xv. C-Xn\p≈ tkm^v-‰vshb¿ \Kck`Ifnepw Bip]{Xn-Ifnepw hn\ykn®n´p≠v. _‘s∏´-hcpsS samss_¬ \º¿ CXn¬ tcJs∏SpØm≥ Ign bp-∂-XmWv. cPnkvt{Sj≥ \S]SnIƒ ]q¿- Ø nbm°n hnhc߃ Um‰m sk‚dn-te°v A]v-temUv sNøp∂ apdbv ° v X∂n´p≈ samss_¬ \ºdnte°v cPnkvt{Sj≥ kw_‘-
amb hnhc߃ Fkv.Fw.-Fkv. Bbn e`n°p∂-XmWv. \hPmX inip°fpsS {]Xntcm[ IpØnshbv∏v kw_‘n® Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°epIƒ- 6 Fkv.Fw.Fkv. ktµi-߃ hgn \n›nX kabß-fn¬ P\\w dnt∏m¿´v sNøp∂-h¿°v Abbv° - pw. P\\˛acW cPnkvt{S-j≥ {]h¿Ø\w ]q¿Æambpw Iºyq´¿-h¬-
°cn-°s∏´n´p≈-XpsIm-≠pw Xt±i`c-W-ÿm]\ßfpw (cPn-kvt{S-j≥ bqWn‰p-Iƒ) kwÿm\ Um‰ sk‚dpw XΩn-ep≈ IWIvSnhn‰n ]q¿-Ønbmbn-´p-≈Xp sIm≠pw kwÿm-\Øv P\n°p∂ \hPmX inip°fpsS IpSpw_߃°v CXns‚ {]tbmP\w e`n°pw.
C˛KthW≥kv kw_‘n®v BKÃv-˛sk]v‰w_¿ amkßfn¬ k¿°m¿ ]pds∏Sphn® {][m\ DØchpIƒ Xt±i`cWÿm]\ßfnse BkvXn cPnÃdpIƒ UnPn‰¬ cq]-Øn¬ kmwJy U_nƒ F≥{Sn A°u-≠nwKpambn tbmPn∏n®v {]h¿Øn°p-∂Xv kw_‘n®v k.D.(ssI)\w.212/2012 Xkz`h, XobXn 06.08.2012 ˛ k¿°m¿ DØ-chv ]pds∏Sphn®n´p≠v. Xt±i`cWÿm]\ßfpsS hntI-{µoIrXmkq{XWhpambn _‘s∏´v ]{¥≠mw ]©h’c ]≤Xn t{]mP-IvSv t^md߃ kw_‘n® am¿§-tcJ 07.09.2012˛se k.D.(FwFkv) \º¿ 233/12/Xkz`h {]Imcw ]pds∏Sphn®n´p≠v. sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
29
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
aÆv s]m∂m-Wv. IÆnse IrjvW - a - W - n-t∏mse \mw ImØn-tS≠ Aaq-ey `qhn-`h - a - m-Wn-Xv. aÆv \in-®m¬ am\-hc - m-in-bpw a‰p Poh-Pm-eß - fpw \mi-Øn-te°p Iq∏p-Ip-Øpw. aÆn-s‚ icn-bmb ]cnc-£ h-gntb \ap-°v \ne-\n¬∏p-≈q F∂v Xncn-®d - n-bm≥ C\nbpw sshI-cp-Xv.
a
Æv (soil) ]©-`q-Xß - f - nse Hcw-Ka - m-Wv. ]©-`q-Xß - ƒ (five elements) F-∂m¬ aÆv (soil), hmbp (air), sh≈w (water), A·n (fire), - m-Wv. aÆn-s‚ ]p\-cp-÷o-h\ - a - mWv BImiw (sky/atmosphere) F∂n-hb \ΩpsS IS-a. Hmtcm Xcn-aÆ - pw Hmtcm- Xp≈n sh≈-hpw Aaq-ey- a - m-Wv. Chsb \mw kwc-£n-°-Ww. Icp-Xn-sh-bv°-Ww. \ap-°m-bn, hcpw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°mbn. `qan \ΩpsS s]‰-Ωb - mWv. F∂m¬ aÆv \ΩpsS t]m‰-Ω-bm-Wv. `qan-bpsS D]-cn-X-e-Øn¬ Pohs\ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ klm-bn-°p-∂ t]mjI ^e-`q-bn-jvS-amb Bh-c-W-amWv aÆv. Hcn©v ta¬aÆp-≠m-hp-∂Xn\v At\-Im-bncw h¿j-߃ Bh-i-y-am-Wv. F∂m¬, \ΩpsS Zpcm{Klw \nanØw CXv \jvS-am-hp-∂-Xn\v tIhew \nan-j-߃ am{Xw aXn-sb-∂Xv sR´n-∏n-°p∂ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. kwÿm-\sØ IpSn-sh-≈-£ma-hpw aÆns‚ t]mjI KpW-Ønep≈ timj-Whpw Imem-h-ÿ-bn¬ h∂ am‰hpw \ΩpsS Im¿jnI k{º-Zm-b-Øn\pw kmº-ØnI ASn-Ø-dbv°pw henb `oj-Wn-bm-tb°p-sa-∂-Xn¬ X¿°-an-√. aÆns‚ icn-bmb kwc-£-W-w hgn aÆnse Pe-Øns‚ kw`-cWw D-d∏ - m-°Ww. `qK¿`-Pe - Ø - ns‚ Aan-XN - q-jWw \ap°v `oj-Wnbm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. e`-y-amb ag-sh-≈w imkv{Xo-b-ambn kw`-cn-°pIbpw `mhn-bnse Bh-i-y-Øn\v Icp-Xn-sh-bv°pIbpw thWw. aÆp-
Fw.-F.- kp-[o¿_m-_p
30
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv Pe kwc-£W {]h¿Ø-\-߃ hnPb-am-°m≥ "P\-Iob Imº-bn≥' {KmaX- e - Ø n¬ \S- Ø m- h p- ∂ - X m- W v. aÆns‚ \misØ \nb-{¥n-°m\pw s\¬h- b - e p- I ƒ, \o¿Ø- S - ß ƒ F∂nh \ne-\n¿Øn Hcp-{]-tZ-iØ - ns‚ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI kpc£ Dd∏m°m≥ I¿i\ \S-]Sn IqSntb aXn-bm-hq. In´p∂ -sh-≈sØ hogp-∂n-S-ØpXs∂ InS-ØWsa∂pw HmSp-∂s - h-≈sØ \S-Ø-Wsa∂pw \S-Øp-∂- sh≈sØ InS-ØW - s - a∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. \Ωp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ aÆp km£-c-X (Soil Literacy), Pe-km-£c - X - (Water Literacy), hmbp km£-cX (Air Literacy) F∂n-hbpsS F√m- X - e - ß fpw P\- I o- b - a m°m≥ Du¿÷n-X- {i-a-am-h-i-y-am-Wv. aÆns‚ kpc-£-bpw ka-{K-hpw imkv{Xo-bh - p-ambp≈ `qhn-\n-tbm-Khpw XZ-zm-c Hcp {]tZ-is - Ø aÆns‚ ]c-yth-jWhpw (k¿s∆) \o¿Ø-Sm-[njvTn-X-amb hnI-k-\-hpw Dd-∏m-°m≥ kwÿm\ k¿°m-cns‚ Irjn-a-{¥me-b-Øn\p Iogn¬ tkmbn¬ k¿s∆ B≥Uv tkmbn¬ I¨k¿t∆-j≥ (Department of Soil Survey & Soil Conservation) hIp∏p cq]h¬°cn®n´p-≠v.
Zo¿L-ho£-W-tØm-sS-bp≈ ka-{Kamb Bkq-{X-Whpw NSp-e-amb hnIk\ ]≤-Xn-Ifpw hgn Cu hIp-∏n\v P\Io- b m- S n- Ø d ssIh- c n- I - b m- W v . kwÿm-\sØ Pn√-If - nepw tkmbn¬ k¿s∆ & tkmbn¬ I¨k¿th-j≥ Hm^o-kp-If - p-≠v. {]Ir-Xy- m¬ Hcp `q{]tZ-iØp ÿnXn sNøp∂ aÆns\bpw hy-Xy- k - vX aÆn-s‚ t{iWn-I-sfbpw Ipdn®p hni-Z-ambn a\- n-em-°m-\pw AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ t£mWn `q]-S-߃ (tkm-bn¬ am∏v) Xøm-dm°phm\pw aÆns‚ kz-`m-hß - fpw ta∑Ifpw t]mcm-ba v I - fpw a\- n-em-°n, Hcp {]tZ- i sØ `qhn- \ n- t bmK Xcw- X ncnhpw Pe-tk-N-\-Øns‚ hni-Zmw-i߃ e`n- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw tkmbn¬ k¿t∆ hgn km[n-°p-∂p. aÆns‚ cN-\, LS\, Aæ-˛-£m-cKp-Ww, Pe-kw-`-c-W-ti-jn, aÆn-se Nc¬, Ifn-a¨, aW¬, t¢`w ChbpsS km∂n-≤-yw, aÆns‚ hnhn[ \yq\-XI - ƒ Ch-sb√mw tkmbn¬ k¿s∆bn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. C¥- y - b n- s e- X s∂ BZ- y - t ØXv F∂- h - I m- i - s ∏- S m- h p∂ Hcp aÆv ImgvN_w•mhv (tkm-bn¬ ayq-kn-bw) Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw ]mtdm-´p-tIm-WØv Bcw- ` n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ p≈ Xo{h{iaw \S∂phcn-I-bm-Wv. CXn-eqsS \ΩpsS \m´nse F√mXcw aÆn-s\-∏-‰n-bpw aÆv t{iWn-I-sf-°p-dn®pw aÆns‚ sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
aÆp-Pe kwc-£W {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ hnP-bam-°m≥ "P\-Iob Imº-bn≥' {Kma-Xe- Ø - n¬ \S-Øm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. aÆns‚ \misØ \nb{¥n-°m\pw s\¬h-be- p-Iƒ, \o¿Ø-Sß - ƒ F∂nh \ne-\n¿Øn Hcp-{]-tZ-iØ - ns‚ ]mcnÿn-XnI kpc£ Dd∏m°m≥ I¿i\ \S-]Sn IqSntb aXn-bm-hq. icn-bmb KpW-ta-∑, ]cn-an-Xn, aÆv \∂m-°n-sb-Sp-°m-\p-≈ {]h¿Ø-\߃, icn-bmb aÆns‚ `qhn-\n-tbmKw, hnf-Iƒ sXc-s™-SpØv \Sp∂Xph-gn-bp≈ ka-{K-amb Im¿jn-Im-kq-{XWw XpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hnh- c - ß ƒ km[m- c - W - ° m¿°pw kvIqƒ hnZ-ym¿∞n-Iƒ°pw I¿j-I¿°pw aÆn-s\bpw Irjn-tbbpw kvt\ln-°p∂ F√m-h¿°pw \¬Ip-I-sb∂-XmWv aÆp-im-e-bpsS Dt±-iw.Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ ]mtdm-´p-tImW-sØ tI{µ aÆp hni-I-e\/]cntim-[-\m -em-_n¬ aÆns‚ hnhn[ XcwXncnhp ]T-\hpw aÆnse t]mjI-KpW ]cn-tim-[\ - bpw hnhn[ hnf-Iƒ-°pw aÆn-\p-ap≈ hf-{]-tbmK ip]m¿i-bpw hnhn[ GP≥kn-Iƒ G¬∏n°p∂ {]tX-yI ]cn-tim-[-\-Ifpw \SØn-hc - p-∂p. {]mtZ-inI aÆv hni-I-e\ em_pIƒ tImgn-t°m-Sv, Xriq¿, Be-∏p-gPn√-Ifnepw tkmbn¬ B≥Uv πm‚ v sl¬Øv ¢n\n- ° v - ˛ - I m- k ¿tKmUv , ]Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn√-Ifn-ep-am-Wv {]h¿Øn°p∂-Xv. aÆp ]c-yt- h-jW - Ø - ns‚bSn-ÿm-
\-Øn¬ Xøm-dm-°p∂ `q]-S-hpw `qhn\n-tbmK Xcw-Xn-cn-hpw ip]m¿i-Ifpw \o¿adn hnI-k-\-Øn-\pw aÆp Pe kw-c-£W {]h¿-Ø\ - ß - ƒ°pw ^e{]-Z-ambn D]-tbm-Kn®p hcp-∂p-≠v. ]me-°mSv Pn√-bnse 42 ]©m-bØp-I-fpsS `qhn-`-h -dn-t∏m¿´p-Iƒ Xøm-dm°n {]Im-i\w sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Cu ]©m-bØ - p-If - nse aÆn-\ß - f - psS khn-ti-jX, `q£aX, hnf-]-cn-]m-e\w F∂o Imc-yß - ƒ ^e-hØ - mbn a\ n-em-°m≥ s_©vam¿°p -a-Æp-I-sf∏-‰n-bp≈ ka-{K- ]-T\dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw e`-ya - m-Wv. tkmbn¬ k¿s∆ \S-Øn-b-Xn-\pti-ja - m-Wv aÆp kwc-£W {]h¿Ø\-߃ \S-∏n-em°p-∂-Xv. aÆ-dn™v hf-sa-dn-™m¬ InÆw \ndsb tNmdpÆmw, IXn-cn¬ hfw hmcn-hn-Xtd≠ Imc-ya - n-√ F∂o sNm√p-Ifpw \ap-°nS-bn¬ kp]-cn-Nn-Xa - m-Wv. CXn-\¿∞w aÆv ]cn-tim-[n®v am{Xw hfw tN¿°W-sa-∂mWv. IrX-y-amb hf¿®m-L-´Øn¬ Xs∂ -hfw \¬In-bmte icnbmb KpWw In´p- I - b p≈qsh∂v kmcw. aÆn\v a÷-bp-≠v, Poh-\p-≠v. aÆn-s√-¶n¬ a\p-j-ycpw a‰p-Po-h-Pm-eß-fp-an-√ F∂- Xn-cn-®d - nhv \ap°p-≠mhWw. aÆpw aWepw ]pgbpw tXmSpw a‰p≈ \ocp-d-h-Ifpw s\¬∏m-S-ßfpw F√mw kwc-£n-°-s∏-S-Ww. aÆns‚ Aan-X-amb J\-\w, aÆ-dn-bmØ a\pj- y s‚ em`- t am- l w Ch \ap°pw \ΩpsS Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°pw hn\m-i-ambn Xo¿t∂-°mw. teJ-I≥ -]-´mºn tkmbn¬ k¿s∆ Hm^o-kdmWv.
31
]©m-b-Øv cmPv DZ-b-`m\p It≠Øv
]©m-bØv A°u≠v kwi-b-ßfpw adp-]-Sn-Ifpw
- p-Iƒ \n¿Æ-bn®v ]ncn-s®? ]©m-bØ Sp-°p∂ \nIp-Xn-bm-Wt√m "sI´nS \nIpXn'. Cu \nIp-Xnsb F¥n-\mWv "hkvXp-\n-IpXn' sb∂v kmwJy-bn¬ hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv? t^md-ß-fnepw cPn-Ãd- p-If - nepw ImWp-∂Xv sI´nS \nIpXn-sb∂p Xs∂-bmWv. 1994˛se tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv \nb-a-Øns‚ 203˛mw hIp∏v {]Imcw 1999 am¿®v 23 hsc ]ncn-s®-Sp-Øn-cp∂Xv sI´nS \nIp- X n- b m- b n- c p∂p. F∂m¬ 203˛mw hIp∏v 1999 am¿®v 24 apX¬ {]m_- e y- Ø n¬ t`Z- K Xn sNbvXp. CXp-{]-Imcw "sI´nS \nIpXn' F∂ t]¿ "hkvXp \nIpXn' F∂m-bnØo¿∂p. apºv A®-Sn-®n-cp∂ \nIp-Xnbn¬ Xs∂ A®Sn XpS-cp-∂-Xn-\memWv Nne t^md-ßf - nepw cPn-Ãd - p-Ifnepw Ct∏mgpw "sI´nS \nIpXn' F∂ sX‰mb t]cv ImWp-∂Xv. ? hkvXp-\n-IpXn \n¿Æ-bn-t°-≠Xpw ]ncn-s®-Sp-t°-≠Xpw hm¿jn-I-am-bn´t√? CXn-\p-]I - c - a - mbn A¿≤-hm¿jnI-ambn ]ncn-s®-Sp-°m≥ kmwJy-bn¬ hyhÿ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. ]ncn-s®-Sp°mØ hkvXp-\n-Ip-Xn°v ASpØ A¿≤-h¿jw apX¬ ]ng-∏-eni IW°m-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. CXp icnbmtWm. hkvXp \nIpXn \n¿Æ-bn-t°-≠Xv hm¿jn-I-am-bn-´mWv; F∂m¬ ]ncn-s®Sp-t°-≠Xv A¿≤-hm¿jnI KUp-°fm-bn´pw. Hcp A¿≤-h¿jsØ \nIpXn B A¿≤-h¿j-Øn-\-Iw-Xs∂ \¬IWw. Cs√-¶n¬ sXm´-SpØ Znhkw
32
apX¬ ]ng-∏-eni \¬IWw. AXm-bXv, 2012 G{]n¬ 1 apX¬ 2012 sk]vXw-_¿h-sc-bp≈ A¿≤hm¿jnI \nIpXn sk]vXw-_¿ 30 \Iw HSp-°Ww. Cs√-¶n¬ HIvtSm_¿ 1 apX¬ ]ng-∏-eni \¬IWw. ? hkvXp-\n-Ip-Xn-°p-ta-ep≈ ]ng-∏eni F{X iX-am-\-amWv. {]Xn-amkw Hcp iX-am\w hoXamWv ]ng-∏-eni. "2009˛C' hIp-∏n\v 2009 HIvtSm-_¿ 7 apX¬ {]m_-eyØn¬ hcp-Ønb t`Z-K-Xn-{]-Im-c-amWnXv. AXn-\p-apºv CXv c≠p iX-am\-am-bn-cp∂p. ? hkvXp \nIp-Xn-bpsS ]ng-∏e - ni am{Xa - t√ Ipd-®n-´p≈q? ss_tem {]Imcw CuSm-°p∂ hmS-Ib - psS taep≈ ]ng∏-eni c≠p-i-X-am\w Xs∂-bt√. 2009 HIvtSm-_¿ 7 apX¬ ]ng-∏e - ni {]Xn-amkw Hcp iX-am-\-amWv. BIvSv{]-Im-ctam, N´-߃ {]Im-ctam ss_tem {]Im-ctam HSp-t°≠ XpI-Iƒ \n›nX Xob-Xn°v HSp-°n-bn-s√-¶n¬ {]Xn-amkw Hcp iX-am\w \nc-°n¬ ]ng-∏-eni \¬IWw. BIvSns‚ 209 C˛hIp-∏n¬ C°mcyw IrXy-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p≠v. ? \n¿W-bn® hm¿jn-Ih - kvXp \nIpXn H‰ kwJy-bn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p∂ XpIbm-sW-¶n¬, AXv A¿≤-hm¿jnI KUp-°f - mbn ]ncn-s®-Sp-°p-∂Xv {]iv\߃ krjvSn°pw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v hm¿jn-I -hkvXp\nIpXn 101 cq]-bmsW-¶n¬ A¿≤-hm¿jnI KUp 50 cq] 50 ss]km. Cu XpI ]q¿Æ-cq-]-bn-
te°v {Iao-I-cn-°p-tºmƒ A¿≤-hm¿jnI KUp 51 cq]-bm-bn-cn°pw. A{]Imcw hm¿jnI \nIp-Xn-bmbn 102 cq] ]ncn-- t°≠n hcpw. Cu {]iv \ w Fßs\ ]cn-l-cn°mw. {]iv\w ]cn-lc- n-®p-Ig- n™p. 16.05.2012 se Pn.H. (Fw Fkv) 132/05/Xkz-`h \º¿ k¿°m¿ DØ-chp hgn-bm-WnXv. N´-ßf - nepw Bh-iy-amb t`Z-KXn hcpØp-∂X - mWv. CXp-hgn, H∂mw A¿≤-hm¿jnI KUp 51 cq]; c≠mw KUp 50 cq]; Aßs\ hm¿jnI hkvXp-\n-IpXn 101 cq]. ? ]q¿Æ-cq-]-bn-e -√mØ XpI-Isf ]q¿Æ-cq-]-bn-te°v {Iao-I-cn-®mWv A°u≠v sNøp-∂Xv. Fß-s\-bmWv Cu {Iao-I-cWw \S-∏m-°pI. ]q¿W cq]-bpsS AwisØ sXm´SpØ ]q¿Æ-cq-]b - n-te°v {Iao-Ic - n-°pI-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv. BIvSnse 273˛mw hIp-∏ns‚ (2)˛mw D]-h-Ip-∏n\p Iognep≈ hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn¬ C°mcyw hy‡-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p≠v. ? h¿jm-cw-`Ø - n¬ hkvXp-\n-IpXn apXem-bh - b - psS A{Iq-h¬ kmwJy-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-at- √m. ]n∂oSv ]pXnb sI´nS-߃°v hkvXp-\n-IpXn \n¿Æ-bn®v Unam‚ v sNtø-≠n-hc - pw. AXp-t]mse dnhn-j≥, A∏o¬ F∂nh ]cn-KW - n®v \nIp-Xn-bn¬ Cfhv hcp-Øn-sb∂pw hcpw. Ch-sbms° Dƒs°m-≈n-°p-∂X - n-\p≈ kwhn[m\w F¥m-W.v h¿jm-cw` Zn\-Ønse Unam‚ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ A{Iq-h¬ hcp-am\w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. tPW¬ hu®¿ sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv hgn- b m- W n- X v . XpS¿∂v Unam‚ n¬ h¿≤- \ - h p- ≠ m- I p- t ºmƒ tPW¬ hu®¿ hgn h¿≤n® A{Iq-h¬ hcpam\w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. dnhn-j≥, A∏o¬ F∂nh hgn Unam‚n¬ Ipdhv kw`-hn-°p-tºmƒ c≠v Xc-Øn-emWXp ssIImcyw sNøp-I. 1. Unam‚ v sNbvsX-¶nepw XpI ]ncn- s ®- S p- Ø n- ´ n- √ . "Refunds and remissions-Property Tax" F∂ slUn\v sU_n‰pw "Receivable for Property Tax (Current)"F∂ slUn\v s{IUn‰pw \¬In tPW¬ hu®dn¬ F≥{Sn \SØp-I. 2. Unam‚ v sNbvXp; XpI ]ncn-s®Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. "Refunds and remissions Property Tax" F∂ slUn¬ sU_n‰pw "Advance collection of Revenues-Property Tax" F∂ slUn\v s{IUn‰pw \¬In tPW¬ F≥{Sn \SØp-I. ASpØ h¿jw BZyw "Advance Collection of Revenue Property Tax" F∂ slUn\v sU_n‰pw "Receivable for Property Tax (Current) F∂ slUn\v s{IUn‰pw \¬In tPW¬ hu®¿ hgn Cu XpI {Iao-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. GsX-¶nepw Imc-W-h-im¬ A[nIw ]ncn-s®-SpØ XpI ]W-ambn DSs\ XncnsI thW-sa∂v \nIpXnZmb-I≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´m¬ C\n-∏-d-bp∂ coXnbn¬ XncnsI sImSp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. "Refund and Remissions - Property Tax" \v sU_n‰pw "Refund Payable-Property Tax" \v s{IUn‰pw \¬In tPW¬ F≥{Sn. "Refund Payable-Property Tax" \v sU_n‰pw "Own Fund Bank Account" \v s{IUn‰pw \¬In t]bvsa‚ v Hm¿Udpw t]bvsa‚pw. ? Ign™ h¿j-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]Wn]q¿Øn- b mb Nne sI´n- S - ß - f psS hkvXp- \n-IpXn \n¿Æbw X∂m-≠n¬ Ft∏m-sg-¶n-ep-am-bn-cn°pw \S-Øp-I. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-bpsS A{Iqh - ¬ hcp-am\w kmwJy-bn¬ Fßs\, Ft∏mƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Ft∏m-gmWv Unam‚ v Xøm-dm-°p∂- X v , At∏mƒ tcJ- s ∏- S p- Ø mw. "Receivable for Property tax-current"F∂ slUn¬ sU_n‰pw "Prior Period income- Property" F∂ slUn\p s{IUn‰pw \¬In tPW¬ hu®¿ hgn A{Iq-h¬ hcp-am\w tcJ-s∏-SpØmw. Ign™ h¿jsØ Unam‚ v XpIbv°v km[m-cW coXn-bn-ep≈ tPWepw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. Xømdm-°n-b-Xv:
DZb`m\p It≠Øv
I¨kƒ´‚ v C≥^¿ta-j≥ tIc-f -an-j-≥ samss_¬ : 9447454221 ubkandeth@gmail.com
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
t]Pv 15¬ \n∂pw
kuP\yhpw \n¿_‘nXhpamb hnZym`ymkw Ip´nIfpsS AhImi \nbaw ˛ 2009 (c) Ip´n- b psS Adn- h v , B¥- c n- I tijn (potentialites), {]Xn` (talent). (d) imco-cnI am\-knI Ign-hp-If - psS ]q¿W-tXm-Xn-ep≈ hnImkw (e) inip-ku-lr-Z-]-chpw inip-tI{µo-Ir-X-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ, Is≠-ج, At\z-jWw (discovery and exploration) F∂nh hgn-bp≈ ]T\w. (f) t_m[-\-am-[yaw {]mtbm-Kn-I-amhp-∂n-S-tØmfw amXr-`m-j. (g) Ip´n°v `bw, `oXn, DXvIWvT (fear, trauma and anxiety) F∂n-h-bn-√msXbm-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ A`n-{]mbw (views) kzX-{¥-ambn {]I-Sn-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn\v th≠n klm-bn-°pI (h) Ip´n-bpsS Adn-hns‚ [mc-Wbpw AXv {]tbm-Kn-°m-\p≈ Ignhpw XpS¿®bmbpw ka-{K-ambpw aqey\n¿Wbw sNø¬. sk£≥ 30 Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Ønbm-°p-∂Xp hsc Hcp Ip´nbpw GsX¶nepw t_m¿Uns‚ ]co-£-Iƒ Pbnt°-≠-Xn-√. Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Ønbm-Ip-tºmƒ Ip´n°v \n¿±njvS hyhÿ-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v Hcp k¿´n-^n-°‰v \evIp-∂-Xm-Wv. A≤ymbw ˛ 6 Ip´n-bpsS Ah-Imi kwc£Ww sk£≥ 31 tZiob inip Ah-Imi kwc£W IΩo-j\pw kwÿm\ inip Ah- I m- i kwc- £ W IΩo- j \pw Ip´n-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃ kwc-£n°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n \nesIm≈pw. (a) Cu \nb-a-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ inip Ah-Im-i-߃°p-th-≠nbp≈ ap≥Icp-X-ep-Iƒ ]cn-tim[n®v Ah-tem-I-\-Øn\v hnt[-bam°n ^e-{]-Z-amb \n¿∆-l-WØn-\p≈ ip]m¿i-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂Xm-Wv. (b) Fen-sa‚dn hnZym-`ymk Ah-Imi-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v ]cm-Xn-Iƒ At\zjn-°pw. (c) sk£≥ 15, 24 F∂n-h-bn¬ ]d™n- c n- ° p∂ inip Ah- I m- i ߃ kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\v \S-]Sn kzoI-cn-°pw. sk£≥ 32 CXn-\p-]p-dsa Cu \nb-a-Ønse Ip´n-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-hp-ambn _‘s∏´v GXv ]cm-Xnbpw _‘-s∏´ {]mtZ-
inI AtXm-dn‰n°v FgpXn \evIm-hp∂-Xm-Wv. aq∂pam-k-Øn-\Iw _‘s∏´ Bfp-Iƒ°v hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ah-kcw \evIn-s°m≠v Xocp-am\w ssIs°m-≈-Ww. AXn¬ Xr]vX-as√-¶n¬ kwÿm\ inip Ah-Imi kwc-£W IΩo-j\v ]cmXn \evImw. sk£≥ 33 tI{µ Kh¨sa‚ v Cu \nbaw \S∏m-°p-∂X - n\v 15 AwK-ßf - n¬ IqSmØ tZiob AssUz- k dn Iu¨kn¬ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. sk£≥ 34 (1) kwÿm\ Kh¨sa‚ v Cu \nbaØnse hyh-ÿI - ƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂Xn\v klmbn-°p-∂X - n-\p-th≠n 15 AwK-ßfn¬ IqSmØ kwÿm\ AssUz-kdn Iu¨kn¬ cq]o-Icn-°p-∂-XmWv. (2) Cu kanXn Cu \nbaw ^e-{]-Zambn \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v kwÿm\ Kh¨sa‚ns\ D]-tZ-in°pw A≤ymbw ˛ 7 a‰p-≈h sk£≥ 35 tI{µ Kh¨sa‚ v Cu \nb-a-Ønse hyh-ÿ-Iƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v th≠n _‘-s∏´ Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒ°v Imem- I m- e - ß - f n¬ am¿§- \ n¿t±iw \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. _‘-s∏´ Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒ Cu \nb-aØnse hyh-ÿI - ƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂X - n\v th≠n {]mtZ-inI `cW-Iq-Sw, kvIqƒ amt\-Pvsa‚ v IΩn-‰n F∂nhbv°v DNn-X-amb am¿§-\n¿t±i-߃ \¬Ipw. sk£≥ 36 t{]mkn-Iyq-j≥ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ _‘s∏´ k¿°m¿ t\m´nss^ sNøp∂ DtZym- K - ÿ s‚ A\p- a - X n- t bmsS am{Xta \S-∏m-°q. sk£≥ 37 Cu \nbaw, A\p--_‘-\n-b-a߃ F∂n-h-bpsS \S-Øn-∏p-ambn _‘-s∏´ kZpt±-i-tØmsStbm \√ e£y-tØm-sStbm sNøp∂ Hcp ImcyØn- \ p- s a- X n- c mbn tI{µk¿°m¿, kwÿm\ k¿°m¿, {]mtZ-inI `c-WIq-Sw, kvIqƒ amt\-Ps v a‚ v IΩn‰n As√¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw hy‡n-Iƒ F∂nh¿s°-Xnsc Hcp \nba\S-]-Snbpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-X-√. sk£≥ 38 Cu \nbaw ^e-{]-Z-ambn \S-∏m°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ (rules) _‘- s ∏´ k¿°m- c p- I ƒ hn⁄m]\w hgn cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
33
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
sjUyqƒ
Hcp kvIqfn-\p-th≠ hyh-ÿ-Ifpw \ne-hm-chpw {Ia C\w \º¿
hyh-ÿ-Ifpw \ne-hm-chpw
1.
Ip´n-I-fpsS FÆw Adp-]Xp Ip´n-Iƒ hsc Adp-]-sØm∂p apX¬ sXmÆqdphsc sXmÆq-s‰m∂p apX¬ \q‰n-bn-cp-]-Xp-hsc \q‰nbncp-]-Øn-sbm∂v apX¬ Ccp-\q-dp-hsc \q‰n-b-ºXv Ip´n-I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ Ccp-\qdp Ip´n-I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬
A[ym-]-I-cpsS FÆw a. 1 apX¬ 5 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v
b. 6
apX¬ 8 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v
2.
A[ym-]-I-cpsS FÆw 1 apX¬ 5 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v
3.
sI´nSw
4.
Hcp A°m-Z-anI h¿j-Ønse {]h¿Øn-Zn-\-߃/]T\ kabw
5. 6. 7. 8.
A[ym-]-I-cpsS FÆw c≠v aq∂v \mev
A©v A©pw Hcp slUv So®dpw -A[ym-]-I-˛hn-Zym¿∞n A\p-]mXw (slUv So®sdm-gn-sI) \mev]-Xn¬ IqS-cpXv 1. Hcp ¢mkn\v Ipd™Xv Hcp So®¿. Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂-hbv°v Hcp So®¿ hcØ-° -hn[w (i) kb≥kv IW°v (ii) tkmjy¬ kb≥kv (iii) `mj-Iƒ 2. 35 Ip´n-Iƒ°v Ipd-™Xv Hcp So®¿ 3. \qdn¬°qSp-X¬ Ip´n-I-fp-s≠-¶n¬ (i) Hcp ^pƒssSw slUv So®¿ (ii) ]m¿´v ssSw C≥kv{S-IvS¿am¿ (A) Iem hnZym-`ymkw (B) Btcm-Ky-wIm-bnI hnZym-`ymkw (C) {]h¿Øn hnZym-`ymkw (work education) (i) Hmtcm So®-dn\pw Ipd-™Xv Hcp ¢m v apdnbpw, Hm^okpw tÃmdpaS-ßp∂ apdn slUv So®-dn\pw (ii) AXn-cn-√mØ e`yX (barrier free access) (iii) B¨Ip-´n-Iƒ°pw s]¨Ip-´nIƒ°pw {]tXyIw tSmbve-‰v. (iv) F√m Ip´n-Iƒ°pw kpc-£n-Xhpw ]cym-]vX-hp-amb IpSn-sh≈ kuIcyw (v) D®-`-£Ww ]mNIw sNøm≥ Hcp ASp-°f (vi) D®-`-£Ww (vii) kvIqƒ sI´n-S-Øn\v aXn¬/then (i) 1
apX¬ 5 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v 200 {]h¿Øn-Zn-\-߃ (ii) 6 apX¬ 8 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v 220 {]h¿ØnZn\-߃ (iii) 1 apX¬ 5 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v 800 aWn-°q¿ ]T\ kabw (iv)6 apX¬ 8 hsc ¢m p-Iƒ°v 1000 aWn-°q¿ ]T\ kabw {]Xn-hmcw Hcp So®-dpsS {]h¿Øn kabw Xøm-sd-Sp-°p∂ kabw Dƒs∏-sS 45 aWn-°q¿ ]T-\-t_m[\ kma{Kn Bh-iy-Øn\\p-k-cn®v ¢m n¬ e`y-am°pw sse{_dn ]{Xw, amK-kn-\p-Iƒ, F√m-hn-j-b-Øn-s‚-bpw _p°p-Iƒ, IYm-]p-kvXI-߃ F∂n-h-bp≈ Hcp sse{_dn Hcp kvIq-fn¬ D≠mbn-cn-°pw. Ifn-km-a-{Kn-Iƒ, kvt]m¿Svkv, sKbnwkv D]-I-c-W-߃ Hmtcm ¢m nepw Bh-iy-Øn\\p-k-cn®v e`y-am°pw (Source: Sarva Siksha Abhiyan, Kerala)
34
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
A
¿lcmb apgph≥t]¿°pw s]≥j≥ A\phZn®psIm≠v ]me °mSv Pn√bnse a¶c {Kma ]©mbØv kºq¿Æ s]≥j≥ ]≤Xn \S∏nem°n. CXns‚ Hu]NmcnI DZvLmS\w ]©mbØv kmaqlyt£a hIp∏v a{¥n tUm. Fw.sI. ap\o¿ \n¿∆ln®p. Xt±i ÿm]\߃ hgn \S∏nem°nhcp∂ hnhn[ s]≥j≥ ]≤XnIfneqsS A¿lcmb apgph≥ t]¿°pw s]≥j≥ B\pIqeyw FØn°pI F∂ Dt±itØmsSbmWv a¶c {Kma ]©mbØv Pq¨ 1 apX¬ 30 hsc s]≥j≥ AZmeØv kwLSn∏n®Xv. BZyambn At\zjW DtZymKÿcpsS tbmKw hnfn°pIbpw s]≥js\kw_‘n®v \mfnXphscbp≈ F√m DØchpIfpw hniZambn N¿®sNøpIbpw sNbvXp. XpS¿∂v F√m AwK≥hmSn, IpSpw_{io {]h¿ØI¿°pw s]≥js‚ \n_‘\Isf kw_‘n®v hniZamb ¢m v \¬In. Pn√mIeIvStdmSv Cu AZmeØn\v th≠ klmbklIcW߃ sNøWsa∂v A`y¿∞n°pIbpw sNbvXp. At±lw hnt√Pv Hm^ok¿°pw a‰v Un∏m¿´v-sa‚ v Xeh≥am¿°pw {]tXyI \n¿-t±iw \¬In. AXn\ptijw Zriy˛{ihy am≤ya߃, P\{]Xn\n[nIƒ, AwK≥hmSn {]h¿ØI¿, IpSpw-_{io {]h¿ØI¿ aptJ\ 15 Znh-ktØmfw \o≠p-\n∂ {]NcWw \SØn a¶cbnse P\߃-
a¶c {Kma]©mbØns‚ kºq¿Æ s]≥j≥ ]≤XnbpsS Hu]NmcnI {]Jym]\w ]©mbØv kmaqlyt£a hIp∏p a{¥n tUm. Fw.sI. ap\o¿ \n¿∆ln°p∂p.
°nSbn¬ AZmeØns\°pdn®p≈ hnhc߃ FØn®p. s]≥j≥ At]£Iƒ AwK≥hmSn tI{µßfnepsSbpw ]©mbØv Hm^o-kv aptJ\bpw hnXcWw sNbvXp. ]©mbØns‚ hnhn[ `mKß-fnembn kwLSn∏n® Iymºv Pn√m IeIvS¿ Aen Akv- K¿ ]mj sF.F.Fkv. DZvLmS\w sNbvXp. {]kvXpX IymºpIfn¬ e`n® At]£Iƒ, At\zjW DtZymKÿ-≥am¿ X¬ÿeØpsh®v ]cntim[n-°pIbpw Xo¿∏p≠m-
s]≥j≥ AZmeØv hniZhnhc߃ s]≥js‚ t]cv hm¿≤IyIme s]≥j≥ hn[hm s]≥j≥ AhnhmlnX s]≥j≥ (50 hb n\v apIfn¬) hnIemwK s]≥j≥ I¿jIsXmgnemfn s]≥j≥ BsI sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
\nehnep≈ KpW AZmeØn¬ BsI t`m‡m°fpsS FÆw AwKoIcn®Xv 366 133 499 396 86 482 53 9 62 134 15 149 508 18 526 1457 261 1718
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A]mIXIfp≈ A-t]£Iƒ tcJmaqew aS°n \¬IpI-bpw A]mIXIƒ ]cn-lcn®v \¬Im≥ \n¿t±in°pIbpw sNbvXp. BsI 290 At]£Iƒ e`n®Xn¬ icnbmb am\Zfi߃ ]men°mØ 29 t]cpsS At]£Iƒ \nckn°pIbpw AXn\p≈ ImcWw tcJmaqew Ahsc Adnbn°pIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v. Pqembv BZyhmcØn¬ P\{]Xn\n[nIfpsSbpw cmjv{SobI£n {]Xn\n[nIfpsS kwbp‡ tbmKØn¬ A¿lcmb apgph≥ t]cpw Dƒs∏´p F∂v Dd∏phcpØpIbpw GsX¶nepw XcØn¬ Bsc¶nepw hn´pt]mbn´ps≠¶n¬ Ah¿°v At]£ \¬Im≥ HcmgvNIqSn kabw A\phZn°m\pw Xocpam\n®p. Pqembv Ahkm\hmcØn¬ t£aImcy Ãm‚nwKv IΩn‰nbpw, `cWkanXnbpw tN¿∂v apgph≥ s]≥j≥ AwKoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXp. X¿mdm¡nbXv: Fw.F³. tKmIpÂZmkv {]knUâ v a¦c {Kma]©mb¯v
35
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
]
APnXv shÆnbq¿
36
"" Øp h¿jw apºv Rm≥ Fs‚ {KmaØnse Hcp tZikm¬IrX _m¶n¬ t]mbn. kzbwsXmgn¬ XpSßm≥ hmbv] In´psa∂dn™v AXn\v At]£n°m≥ t]mb-XmWv. ]e Imc-Wßfpw Bhiyßfpw ]d™v Fs∂ Ah¿ \qdph´w \SØn®p. Bhiys∏´ tcJIsf√mw sIm-SpØn´pw Hcp ^ehpap≠mbn√. ]ns∂∏ns∂ Fs∂- ImWptºmƒ AhnSsØ DtZymK-ÿ¿ Hcp IpjvTtcmKn-tbmsS∂t]mse apJwXncn®v AI∂pamdm≥ XpSßn. HSphn¬ Rm≥ tXm‰p ]n∑mdn. ]n∂oSv Rm≥ IpSpw_{io-bn¬ tN¿∂p....'' ""...IpSpw_{iobpsS klmbtØm-sS Hcp kwcw`w XpSßn. Ab¬°q´w sk{I´dnbmbn, F.Un.Fkv. `mc-hm-lnbmbn, kn.Un.Fkv. sNb¿t]gvk-Wmbn. Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ \nc¥cw AtX _m¶n¬ t]mImdp≠v ˛ ]e AwK-ßfptSbpw Imcy߃°mbn. Ct∏mƒ _m¶v Poh\°m¿ Fs∂ amUw F∂v hnfn°p∂p. amt\PcpsS apdnbnte°v £Wn°p∂p. Ccn°m≥ Itkcbpw IpSn°m≥ Nmbbpw Xcp∂p. F¥m CubnsS ImWp∂n√t√m F∂v ]cn-`hw ]dbp∂p. R߃ IpSpw_{io°v F¥v klm-ba - mWv sNbvX - pXtc-≠Xv F∂p tNmZn°p∂p. ]pXnb kvIoapI-sf-°dn®v hnfn®dnbn°p∂p. CXv Fs‚ IgnhpsIm≠v am{Xw t\SnbX√, IpSpw_{io {]h¿Ø\w F\n°v t\Sn-Ø∂ Adnhpw AwKoImcßfpw BZchpamWv''. A\p`h߃ IpSpw_{iobpsS Hcp s]mXpthZnbn¬ ]¶nSth B ktlmZcn H∂pIqSn Iq´nt®¿Øp. ""Cu A\p-`hw F\n°v s]mXpcwKØv am{Xa√. \m´n¬ Rm≥ th≠s∏´hfmbt∏mƒ ho´n¬ Rm≥ hn.sF.]n.bmbn. Fs‚ i–Øn\v hnebp≠mbn. {][m\ Xocpam\ßsf-Sp°ptºmƒ Fs‚ A`n{]mb߃°pw Xm¬]cy߃°pw ÿm\ap≠mbn. BtcmSpw ssI\o´m-sX kz¥w Bhiy-߃ \n¿hln°m-sa∂ Bflhnizmkw ssIh∂p. \s√mcp PohnX ]¶mfntbbpw In´n. ]Øp]m mImsX ]TnØw \n¿Øn ASp°fbn¬ HXpßn°qSnbncp∂ F\n°v CsX-√mw t\SnØ∂Xv IpSpw-_{iobmWv''.
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
]md»m-e ]-©mb-Øv kn.Un.Fkv. {]-h¿Ø-I¿ X-øm-dm°n-b A-\p-`-h-IY-Iƒ I-h-b{Xn tdm-kv-ta-cn-°v \¬-In ]-©mb-Øv km-aq-ly t£-a h-Ip-∏p a{¥n tUm. Fw.sI. ap\o¿ {]-Imi-\w sN-øp-∂p. B¿. sk¬-h-cm-Pv Fw.F¬.F. k-ao]w.
]¶m-fnØ ]pkvXIcN-\ Cu A\p-`hw H‰-s∏´ H∂-√, CXp-t]mse tIc-fØ - nse ]mhs∏´ et£m]e£w kv{XoI-fpsS Pohn-XØ - n¬ kw`-hn® ip`-Ic - hpw Ahn-iz-k\o-bh - p-amb ]cn-Wm-aIYIƒ IpSpw_-{iobpsS \n[ntiJcØn¬ Hfn™ncn∏p≠v. Cßs\ Ign™ 14 h¿jw tIcf kaq-lØ - nse kv{XoPo-hn-XØn¬ D≠mb {it≤-ba - mb am‰-ßf - pw Ne-\ß - fpw hgn-Øn-cn-hp-Ifpw Ncn-{X-Øns‚ ine- b n¬ Bte- J \w sNøp∂ alØmb {]{In- b - b v ° v XpS°w Ipdn®ncn°bmWv IpSpw_-{io ]¶m-fnØ ]pkvXIcN-\ F∂ \ho\ kwcw`ØneqsS. CØ-cØ - n-ep≈ kXy-k‘ - a- mb Pohn-Xm-\p`h-ßf - psS At\Im-bncw A£-ck - m-£y-߃ kwÿm-\saºmSpw \S°p∂ ]pkvXI - b - m{Xbn-eqsS kaq-lØ - n\p apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - m-W.v AXv Ncn-{X-Øns‚ G‰hpw Xnf°-ap≈ Xmfp-If - n¬ Xs∂ ]I¿Ø-s∏-Spw. sk]vXw_¿ 9\v Imk¿tKmUv Pn√bnse slmk¶Un-bn¬ \n∂pw ]Øn\v Xncph\¥]pcw Pn√bnse DZnb≥-Ipfßcbn¬ \n∂pw Bcw`n® bm{XIƒ HtŒm_¿ H∂n\v FdWmIpf-Øv kwKan°pw. PmYIƒ IS∂pt]mIp∂ 132 tI{µßfn¬ GIZn\ IpSpw_{io kwKaßfpw Ab¬-°q´ AwK߃ IpSpw_{io A\p`h߃ ]¶nSp∂ hmb-\bpw N¿®Ifpw Iem]cn]mSnIfpw Bkq{XWw sNbvX - n´p≠v. CXn\mbn kwÿm\ØpS\ofw kzmKXkwL-߃ cq]oIcn®v {]h¿Ø\w \S∂phcp∂p. hf¿®bpsS t\¿°m-gN v tIc-fob kaq-lØ - n¬ kv{XoPo-hnXw k¿htXmap-Ja - mb Hcp am‰-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-em-W.v Pohn-XØ - ns‚ F√m taJ-eI - f - nepw ssIh-cn-°p∂ ]ptcm-KXn-bpsS Afhv \n¿W-bn-°m-\p≈ am\-ZW - U v ß - f - n¬ H∂mbn kv{XoIƒ°p≠mb am‰-ßsf \ap°v FSp-Øp-]d- b - m≥ Ign-bpw. {]tXy-In®v km£c-X, sXmgn¬, kmaq-lnI ]ptcm-KXn F∂o taJ-eI - f - n¬. kaq-l-Øns‚ ka{K hnI-k-\-Øn\v DXIpw hn[-Øn¬ kv{XoIƒ°v Gsd apt∂-dm≥ km[n-®n-´p-≠v F∂Xv XnI®pw NmcnXm¿∞y-P\ - I - a - mb H∂m-W.v Cu t\´-߃ ssIh-cn-°p-∂X - n¬ IpSpw-_{- io-bpsS Ign™ ]Xn-\mep h¿jsØ {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ hln® ]¶v hfsc hepXmWv. tZiob A¥¿tZio-bXeßfn¬ AXv {]iwkn°s∏-SpIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v. Zmcn-{Zy-\n¿Ωm¿÷-\w F∂ e£y-tØmsS Bcw-`n® IpSpw_{io {]ÿm-\w C∂v Gjy-≥ `qJ-WU v Ø - nse Xs∂ G‰hpw henb kv{Xokw-LS- \m kwhn-[m-\a - mbn hf¿∂n-cn-°p-Ib - m-W.v 35 e£w IpSpw-_ß - fpw 2,14,805 Ab¬-°q-´ß - fpw 50,000tesd kq£vak - w-cw-`ß - f - p-ap≈ IpSpw-_{io {]ÿm-\Ø - n\v kwÿm\-Øv h\n-XI - f - psS kmº-ØnI im‡o-Ic - W]mX-bn¬ \n¿ W-mbI `mK-t[-b-am-Im≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. Cu kmaqlnI sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
Ncn{Xw krjvSn-®h - ¿ Xs∂ AtX Ncn{Xw A£-ccq]-Øn¬ ]I¿Øp∂ kam-\X - I - f - n-√mØ Cu {]{Inb Ncn-{XØn¬ \n¿Wm-bI - a- mb CSw t\Sp-Ib - m-W.v CXv temI-Ønse BZysØ hnI-k\ kmln-Xy-Nc- n{Xw (Development Literature) F∂ \ne-bnepw Hcp ]pXnb sdt°m¿Uv BWv. Hcp e£-Øn-tesd kv{Xo-Iƒ Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_{io A\p-`h - ß - ƒ A£-cß - f - n¬ ]I¿Øn Ncn-{X-Øn¬ CSw ]nSn-°p-Ib - mWv CXn-eq-sS.
37
]©m-b-Øv cmPv am‰Øns‚ sFXnlmknIamb {]{Inbbn¬ Ah-KW - \ - b - p-sSbpw ASn-®a - ¿Øen-s‚bpw \mep Nph-cp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ \n∂v Ab¬°q-´ß - f - n-te°v h∂ kv{Xok-aqlw Adn-hn-s‚bpw AwKo-Im-cØ - ns‚bpw temI-tØ°v hf¿∂-Xns‚ t\¿°m-gN v b - mhpw Cu A\p-`h-ka- m-lm-cw. Ncn{Xw krjvSn-®h - ¿ Ncn{Xw cNn°p∂p Ncn{Xw krjvSn-®h - ¿ Xs∂ AtX Ncn{Xw A£-ccq]-Øn¬ ]I¿Øp∂ kam-\X - I - f - n-√mØ Cu {]{Inb A°mcWw sIm≠p Xs∂ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ \n¿Wm-bI - a- mb CSw t\Sp-Ib - m-W.v CXv temI- Ø nse BZysØ hnI- k \ kmln-Xy-Nc - n{Xw (Development Literature) F∂ \ne-bnepw Hcp ]pXnb sdt°m¿Uv BWv. Hcp e£-Øn-tesd kv{Xo-Iƒ Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_{io A\p-`-h-߃ A£-cß - f - n¬ ]I¿Øn Ncn-{X-Øn¬ CSw ]nSn-°p-Ib - mWv CXn-eq-sS. C√m-ba v I - f - psS Ccp-´n¬ \n∂pw ITn\m-[zm-\hpw C—m-i-‡n-bpw sIm≠v apt∂-dm\pw AXp-hgn kzbw Hcp Zo]in-J-bmbn amdn Xß-fpsS Pohn-XØnepw kaq-lØ - nepw shfn®w ]Icm\pw Ign™ Cu kv{XoI-fpsS A\p`-hI - Y - I - ƒ `mhn-bn¬ kv{Xo]-Zhn kzbw]-T\ {]{In-bb - psS ^e-{]-Zhpw hnP-bI-ch - p-amb \S-Øn-∏n\pth≠n-bp≈ ]mT]p-kX v I - ß - f - mbn amdpw. kv{XoIƒ°v Ah-cpsS hy‡n-Po-hn-XØ - nepw IpSpw_-Po-hn-XØ - nepw kmaqlnI Pohn-XØnepw {]Xn-^e - n-°p∂ A\p-`h - I - Y - I - fmWv CXn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - .v ]¶m-fnØ ]pkvXIcN\m{]{Inb Ab¬°q´ßƒ tI{µoIcn®v C{Xbpwt]¿ {]mb-t`Zan√msX A\p`h°pdn∏pIƒ Xømdm°p∂Xv CXmZy-
38
Zmcn-{Zy\n¿Ωm¿÷-\w F∂ e£y-tØmsS Bcw-`n® IpSpw-_{io {]ÿm-\w C∂v Gjy-≥ `qJ-WvU-Ønse Xs∂ G‰hpw henb kv{Xokw-L-S\m kwhn-[m-\-ambn hf¿∂n-cn-°p -I-bm-Wv. 35 e£w IpSpw-_-ßfpw 2,14,805 Ab¬-°q-´-ßfpw 50,000tesd kq£vakw-cw-`-ß-fp-ap≈ IpSpw-_{io {]ÿm-\-Øn\v kwÿm-\-Øv h\n-X-I-fpsS kmº-ØnI im‡oI-cW]mX-bn¬ \n¿W-mbI `mKt[-b-am-Im≥ Ign-™n-´p-≠v. Cu kmaqlnI am‰Øns‚ sFXnlmknIamb {]{Inb-bn¬ Ah-K-W-\-bp-sSbpw ASn-®-a¿Ø-en-s‚bpw \mep Nph-cp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ \n∂v Ab¬°q-´-ß-fn-te°v h∂ kv{Xo-k-aqlw Adn-hn-s‚bpw AwKo-Im-c-Øns‚bpw temI-tØ°v hf¿∂-Xns‚ t\-¿°m-gvN-bmhpw Cu A\p-`h-k-am-lm-cw.
amWv. ASp°fNphcpIƒ°p≈n¬ HXpßn°gn™h¿ IpSpw_{iobneqsS s]mXp[mcbn¬ FØnbt∏mƒ e`n® IgnhpIƒ, s]mXp{]h¿Ø\cwKØpw PohnXho£W-Ønepap≠mb am‰ßƒ, ImgvN∏mSv, F∂nhbvs°m∏w Np‰papffhcpsS PohnXØn¬ hcpØm≥ Ign™ am‰ß-fpw A\p`h°pdn∏pIfpsS cN\bn¬ hnjbßfmhp∂p. IpSpw_{io Ab¬°q-´-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv A\p-`h - ß - ƒ ]nd-hn-sbSp-°p∂Xv.v ]Øv apX¬ Ccp-]Xv hsc kv{XoIƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂X - mWv Hmtcm Ab¬°q´-hpw. Ah¿ H∂n-®p-IqSn c≠p-aW - n-°q¿ sIm≠v Xøm-dm-°nb A\p-`h - ° - p-dn-∏pIƒ Hcmƒ Dds° hmbn-°p-∂p. a‰v AwK-߃ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p. Cßs\ a‰p-≈h - ¿°pIqSn {]tNm-Z\ - a- m-Ip∂ Ipdn∏p-Iƒ Xnc-s™-SpØv hm¿Uv X-eØ - nep≈ F.-Un.-Fk - ns\ G¬∏n-°p-∂p. hm¿Uv X-e-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-bnse {it≤-ba- mb cN-\I - ƒ {Kma]©mbØv XeØnep≈ kn.Un.- F kpIƒ°v ssIamdp-∂p. kn.Un.Fkn¬ e`n°p∂ A\p`h°pdn∏pIƒ kv{XoIƒ am{Xap≈ FUnt‰mdnb¬ t_m¿Uv hnebncpØp-∂p. Ah¿ A\p`hßfn¬ am‰w hcpØmsX, {]mtZinI `mjm{]tbmKßfpw coXnIfpw AtX]Sn \ne\n¿Øn ]pkv X Icq]Ønem- ° p- ∂ p. Hmtcm ]©mbØnepw kn.Un.FkpIƒ kamlcn°p∂ A\p`-h°pdn∏pIƒ ASpØ ]©mbØpIƒ°v ssIamdp-∂p. CXmWv IpSpw-_{io cq]Iev]\ sNbvX ]pkvXIcN\m {]{Inb. ]pkvXIbm{X CØcØn¬ tIcfØnepS\ofw Ab¬°q- ´ - m wK߃ Xømdm°nb ]pkvXI߃ tiJcn®mWv IpSpw_{io kn.Un.FkneqsS ]pkvXIbm{X \SØp∂Xv. IpSpw_{io-bnse Xs∂ IemImcnIƒ ]¶mfnØ in¬]imebneqsS cq]I¬]\ sNbvX “t`cn'' sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
A\p`hßfpsS Xo£vWmhnjv°mchpambn Acßn¬ IpSpw_{io h\nXIƒ PohnXØns‚ ]e taJeIfnepw AXn{Ia-Øn\pw NqjWØn\pw hnt[bcm°s∏Sp∂ kv{XoIfptSbpw Ip´nIfptSbpw Ahÿbpw AXns\ sNdpØp \n¬t°≠Xns‚ BhiyIXbpw IpSpw_{io AwK-ßfmb h\nXIƒ Acßn¬ ]I¿ØnbXv Zriym\p`-hØns‚ thdn´ A\p`hambn. IpSpw_{io ]Xn\memw hm¿jnItØmS\p_‘n®p \SØp∂ ]pkv X Ibm{XbpsS `mKambn \mSIhpw \mS≥]m´pIfpw ka\zbn∏n®v IpSpw_{io {]h¿Ø- Icmb kv{XoIƒ Xs∂ IYbpw cN\bpw kwKoXhpw \rØhpw Nn´s∏SpØn AhXcn∏n® "t`cn'bpsS cwKm- h njv I mcw {]tabmhXcWØns‚ ]pXpa sIm≠v {it≤bambn. ]Xn\memw hm¿jnItØmS\p_‘n®v At\Imbncw IpSpw_{io {]h¿ØI¿ kzbw FgpXnb A\p`h-IYIƒ kamlcn®v 1072 ]pkvXI߃ {]kn≤oIcn-°p∂ {]{Inb \S∂phcnIbmWv. A\p`-hß - ƒ ]¶n´pw ]pkvXI߃ kaml-cn®pw sk]vXw-_¿ 9 apX¬ HIvtSm-_¿ H∂v hsc kwÿm\-Øp-S-\ofw \S-°p∂ ]pkvX-I-bm-{X-bn¬ IpSpw_{io {]h¿ØI¿ Cu eLp \mSIhpw \mS≥]m´pIfpw AhXcn∏n®phcp∂p. kaqlØn¬ kv{XoIƒ t\cnSp∂ {]iv\ßfpw AhcpsS PohnXkmlNcyßfpw X\natbmsS AhXcn∏n-°pIbpw AXneqsS kv{Xo]pcpj kaXzw \ne\n¬°p∂ Hcp temIw kz]v\w ImWpIbpamWv Cu {lkz \mSI-ØneqsS. k¿°m¿˛k¿°mcnXc kv Y m]\߃, \oXn\ymb kwhn[m\߃ XpSßnbsh√mw Hcpan®p {]h¿Øn°ptºmtg kpc£nXhpw kam[m\]q¿Whpamb PohnXw ssIhcn°m≥ \ap°v km[n°qIbp≈q F∂ ktµiamWv \m¬∏Xv an\n´p≈ cwKmhXcWØneqsS \¬Ip∂Xv. aZyw hn¬°p∂ HcmfpsS IpSpw_Ønse kv{XoIƒ t\cnSp∂ {]iv\߃, s{Sbn≥ bm{Xbv°nSbn¬ kv{XoIƒ t\cnSp∂ Ac£nXmhÿ, ]e ImcW߃ sIm≠pw \nehnep≈ \oXn \ymb kwhn[m\ßfn¬ \n∂pw Ahƒ°v \oXn In´m≥ sshIp∂Xv XpSßn kaImenI PohnXØn¬ kv{XoIƒ°v t\cntS≠nhcp∂ hnhn[ {]iv\ßsf√mw Acßn¬ ]p\¿÷\n®p. kwÿm\sØ hnhn[ Pn√Ifn¬ \n∂pw Xncs™- S pØ IpSpw_{io {]h¿ØIcmWv Cu eLp \mSI-Øn¬ A`n\bn®n´p≈Xv. tIcfØnse kv { Xo \mSI- t hZnbn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ {]apJ hy‡nIfmb kp[n, cmPcmtPizcn F∂nhcmWv CXns‚ kwhn[m\w \n¿hln®n´p≈Xv. \mS≥]m´p taJebn¬ {]ikvXbmb IemaWvUew kn‘phmWv \rØ®phSpIƒ Nn´s∏Sp-Ønbncn°p∂Xv. IpSpw_{io sP≥U¿ Soans‚ ta¬-t\m´ØnemWv "t`cn'bpsS cwKmhnjv°mcw.
F∂ Iemcq]hpw kwÿm\-ØpS\ofw ]pkvXIbm{Xsb A\pKan°p∂p≠v 132 tI{µ-ß-fn¬ ]pkvX-I-bm{Xbpw IpSpw-_{io IemkwLhpw FØn-tNcpw. 2,16,000 IpSpw_{io Ab¬°q´ßfmWv kwÿm\sØm´msIbp≈Xv. 1072 kn.Un.FkpIfpw. BflhnizkØns‚ thcpIƒ aÆnepd∏n®p sIm-≠mWv Cu kv{XoIƒ HmtcmcpØcpw \ne\n¬°p∂Xv. sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
Ah¿ C—mi‡ntbmsS hfcpIbpw hfamhpIbpw sNøp-∂p. At\Ie-£w imtJm]imJIfn¬ ^ekar≤n \ndbv°p∂p. Aßs\ C∂v, Cu kv{Xo kaqlØn\msI XW¬ hncn°m≥ Ignbp∂ Hcp almhr£ambn IpSpw_{io F∂ {]ÿm\w hf¿∂p Ign™ncn°p∂p. Cu {]ÿm\Øns‚ hf¿®bv°mhiyamb sh≈hpw hfhpw shfn®hpambn \nesIm≈p∂Xv ap≥]v kqNn-
∏n®Xp t]mep≈ Bbnc°W°n\p km[mcW°mcmb kv { XoIfpsS Ie¿∏n√mØ PohnXm\p`hßfmWv. Cu ]pkvXIßfn¬ \n∂pw sXcs™SpØ {it≤bamb A\p`h߃ `mhnbn¬ IpSpw_{io kwÿm\ anj≥ {]kn≤oIcn°pw. Ah CwKvfojnte°v hnh¿Ø\w sNøm-\pw BtemN\bp≠v. teJI≥ IpSpw_{iobn¬ ]ªnIv dntej≥kv B^okdmWv.
39
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
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h-©n-I-fpsS Aa-csØ∂pw tIc-fK - m-\a - p-b¿∂p....'' F∂v hbem¿ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. tIcf Km\w am{Xa√ tIc-f-Øns‚ X\Xp kmwkvIm-cnI kØ-bmWv \ΩpsS Pe-bm\-߃ \ap°p X∂-Xv. b{¥-h-¬IrXhpw thKw Gdn-b-Xp-amb GXp Pebm{Xmkwhn-[m\w h∂mepw sNdnb tXmSp-Ifpw CS-®m-ep-Ifpw sIm≠v ]ckv]cw _‘n-°-s∏-´n-cp∂ tIc-f-Øns‚ Pe Rc-ºp-Ifn¬ Poh≥ hln®p t]m∂Xv \ΩpsS sImXpºp h≈-ßfm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ kvarXn-bn¬ IY-If - nbpw Np≠≥h≈ßfpw sImXpºp h≈-ß-fp-sam∂pw IS-s∂-ØmsX hø. Imb-en¬ cm]I¬ t`Z-an-√msX Ig-bq∂n hne-tb-dnb Nc-°p-Ifpw P\-kl - {- k-ßs - fbpw Hcp Ic-bn¬ \n∂v adpIc-bn¬ FØn-®ncp-∂Xpw h≈-߃ Xs∂. Ah krjvSn® P\-]-Z-ßfpw Pohn-Xhpw C∂v \sΩ F{X I≠v XpW-b° v p∂p F∂Xv as‰mcp Imcyw. h≈- h p- a mbn Cg tN¿∂ GXm\pw ]Z- ß - f m- W n∂v . CXn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-t]mb hm°p-Iƒ hmb-\-°m¿ Iq´n-t®¿°p-tºmƒ Cu i_vZt- Imiw C\nbpw hn]p-ea - m-°mw. h≈w tdmUp-Ifpw hml-\-ßfpw C{X I≠v hym]-I-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-apºv Peam¿§-ap≈ KXm-KX - a - m-bn-cp-∂p {][m\ B{i-bw. CXn-\mbn ]e hen-∏-Ønep≈ h≈ßfmWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂X - .v Nc-°p-\o-°-Øn\pw h≈-am-bn-cp∂p {][m\ D]m- [ n. Ip´- \ mSpt]mse sh≈-Øm¬ Np‰-s∏´ {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ P\-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Ne\w \nb-{¥n-®ncp∂Xv h≈-ßf - m-bn-cp-∂p. C∂n-t∏mƒ Imdpw kvIq´dpw a‰pw D≈-Xp-t]mse hoSp-I-fn¬ bm{X-bv°mbn h≈ßfmWp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. c≠p h≈-Øn¬
apc-fo-[-c≥ Xg-°c
40
Im¬ shbv°p-I, Icbv°p \n∂v h≈w ap°pI XpSßn h≈-hp-ambn _‘s∏´ {]tbm-K-ßfpw \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. h≈w Du∂pI \√ _e-ap-≈Xpw kmam\yw \ofap-≈-Xp-amb apf-bmWv h≈w Du∂p∂-Xn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. henb h≈-am-sW-¶n¬ apºnepw ]nºn-epambn c≠p-t]¿ tN¿∂mIpw h≈w Du∂p-∂-Xv. h≈w Du∂p∂ apfbv°v Igp-t°m¬, Ig F∂n-ß-s\bpw ]dbm-dp-≠v. h≈w Du∂p-∂Xv hfsc Bbm-k-I-c-amb tPmen-bm-Wv. h≈w-Ifn Ptem-’-hw, Pe-taf F∂n-ßs\ ]e t]cnepw h≈w-Ifn Adn-bs - ∏-Sp-∂p. Be-∏pg ]p∂a-S° -- m-b-en¬ \S-°p∂ s\lvdp-t{Sm^n h≈w-I-fn, Nº-°pfw aqew h≈wIfn, Bd-∑p-f DØr-´mXn h≈w-Ifn XpS-ßn-b-h-sb√mw tIc-fØn¬ \S-°p∂ {]kn-≤-amb h≈wI- f n- I - f m- W v . BK- à v - ˛ sk- ] v ‰ w--_ ¿- ˛ H--- -IvtSm-_¿ amk-߃ tIc-f-Øn¬ h≈w-If - n-bpsS kok-Wm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ ]e {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw ]e t]cp-If - n¬ Ptem-’h - ß - ƒ \S-°p-∂p≠v. Np≠≥h-≈-߃, sh∏v, Ccp-´pIp-Øn, Npcp-f≥ Cßs\ Hmtcm C\Øn¬s∏´ h≈-߃°pw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw a’-c߃ \S-°m-dp-≠v. Htc Xmf-Øn¬ Xpg-sb-dn™v h©n∏m´p ]mSn a’-ch - ≈ - ß - ƒ Pe-∏c - ∏ - neqsS Nodn- ∏ m™p t]mIp- t ºmƒ AsXmcp IuXpI ImgvN Xs∂-bm-W.v sI´p-h≈w Nc°p \o°-Øn-\mWv {][m-\ambpw ta¬aq-Sn-bp≈ Cu h≈-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Cßs\ Zo¿LZqcw t]mtI≠ sI´p-h-≈-߃°v IS∂p t]mIp-hm≥ {]tXyI Pe-]m-X-
Iƒ Xs∂-bp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. h≈-Øn-\p≈nse km[-\-߃ agbpw shbnep ta¬-°msX kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv ta¬-aq-Sn-I-fp≈ sI´p-h-≈-߃ CXn\mbn D]- t bm- K n- ° p- ∂ Xv . ct≠m aqt∂m temdn-I-fn¬ Ib-‰n-s°m≠p t]mIp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂{X Nc-°p-If - mWv henb Nc-°p-h-≈-ß-fn¬ Ib-‰n-bn-cp∂-Xv. hnf-°p-amSw \ndsb Nc-°p-I-fp-ambn ]pds∏Sp∂ sI´p-h-≈-߃ e£y-ÿm-\sØ-Øp-hm≥ Nne-t∏mƒ aq∂pw \mepw Znh-k-߃ Xs∂ th≠n-h-t∂-°mw. cm{Xn-sbt∂m ]I-set∂m hyXym-kan-√msX h≈w Du∂n-bp≈ Cu bm{Xbv ° n- S - b n¬ h≈w Ic- b v ° - S p- ∏ n®v sI´n-bn´ tijw H∂nfthev-°m-≥ h≈-°-S-hp-I-fp-≠v. Cu IShv Xncn-®dn-bp-∂-Xn\pw ÿew a\- n-em-°p-∂Xn\pw a‰p-ambn h≈-°S- h - p-If - n¬ hnf°p-am-Sß - f - p-ap-≠mIpw. Aev]w s]m°ap≈ Hcp XqWn¬ sI´p-t]m-Im-Øhn[w hnf°p sXfn®psh®n-cn-°p∂ kwhn-[m-\w. sImXp-ºp-h≈w IjvSn®v Hcmƒ°v am{Xw Ib-dm≥ Ign-bp∂ h≈-am-Wn-Xv.- sh≈Øm¬ Np‰-s∏´v Zzo]p-t]mse H‰-s∏´ {]tZi-ß-fn¬ bm{X-bv°mbn F√m hoSpI-fnepw sImXp-ºp-h-≈-ß-fp-≠m-Ipw. ImgvN-bn¬ Hcp henb sImXp-ºns‚ BIr-Xn-bp-≈X - p-sIm-≠p-Xs - ∂-bmImw CXn\v sImXp-ºp-h≈ - s - a∂v t]cp-h∂ - Xv. ]p©-∏m-Sß - f - nepw Imb-ep-If - nepw a‰pw Xmdm-hns\ Xo‰p-∂-h¿ Xmdmhp°q-´-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-∂Xpw sImXpºp h≈-Øn-en-cp-∂m-Wv. IS-Øp-h≈w Bdpw ]pgbpw tXmSpw IS∂v
]cºc: 34
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv A° c-- bv°v t]mIp-∂-Xn\pw C°-cbv°v hcp-∂X - n\pw h≈-am-bn-cp∂p GI B{i-bw. C∂-sØ-t∏mse sNdp-Xpw hep-Xp-amb ]me-߃ ]Wn-bp-∂X - n\v apºp≈ ImesØ Imcy- a m- W n- X v . Cßs\ P\-ßsf A°-c-bn-°sc FØn-®n-cp∂ h≈ßsf IS-Øp-h≈sa∂pw h≈w Xpg-™n-cp∂bmfns\ IS-Øp-Im-c-s\-∂p-amWv ]d-™n-cp-∂Xv. ISØpw IS-Øp-Im-c\pw tXmWn ImØp \nev°p-∂-hcpw \ΩpsS {KmaPo-hn-X-Ønse tXP- m¿∂ IYm-]m{X-ßf - m-bn-cp-∂p. ]me-߃ h∂v sXmgne -- n-√m-Øh - c - mbn amdnb ISØpImc\pw A\m-Y-amb tXmWn-∏p-cIfpw hnI-k\-Øns‚ A\n-hm-cy-X-bm-bn-cp-s∂¶nepw Hm¿Ω-bpsS \jvS-in-jvS-ßfmbn AsXm-s°bpw C∂pw a\- n¬ _m°n \nev°p-∂p. Fw.-Sn.-bpsS IYI-fnepw t\mh-ep-I-fnepw IS-Øp-tXmWn-I-fpsS A\m-YXzw hc-®n-S-s∏-´p. IShv Bdn-s‚bpw ]pg-bp-sSbpw a‰pw Hmcw tN¿∂v Bfp-Iƒ°v Ipfn-°phm\pw hkv{X-߃ Ae-°p-hm\pw kuI-cy-{]-Zambn I√p-Iƒ ]mIn {IaoI-cn-®n-´p≈ ÿe-amWv IS-hv. Ipfn-°S-hp-I-sf∂pw CXv Adn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. ""B‰n¬ t]mbn As√-¶n¬ Ipf-Øn¬ t]mbn ASn®p Ipfn®p \\-bv°pI'' F∂Xv ]gb Ime {Kma-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ {][m-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. Bdpw ]pgbpw Bk∂ arXyp-hn-te-°S- p-°p-Ibpw IShp- I ƒ \mam- h - t i- j - a m- I p- I bpw sNbvXtXmsS hoSn-\p-≈nse _mØvdq-anse jh-dn\v NphsS Ipfn-°pI F∂-Xv \ap°v ioe-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. NßmSw c≠p IS-Øp-h-≈-߃ tN¿Øph®v AXn\p tase ]eI Dd-∏n®v BfpI-tfm-sSm∏w hml-\ß - fpw `mc-h≠ - nIfpw a‰pw ]pg-b° v ° - s - c-sbØn°p∂Xn-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\a - mWv Nßm-Sw. ]pgIƒ°v IpdpsI ]me- ß ƒ ]Wnbp∂Xn\p apºv hml-\ß - s - f√mw Cu Nßm-SØ - n¬ Ib-‰n-bmWv adp-Ic - b - n¬ FØn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Cu NßmSß-fpsS G‰hpw ]cn-jv°c - n® \qX\ kwhn-[m\-amWv lukv t_m´v. ]≈n-tbmSw Bd-∑p-f ]m¿∞-km-cYn t£{XØnse BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\ß - f - psS `mKambn \S- ° ∂ Nnß- a m- k - Ø nse DØr-´mXn h≈w Ifn-bnepw AXn\p apºmbn \S-°p∂ h≈-k-Zy-bnepw ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ h≈-ßsf ]≈n-tbm-S߃ F∂mWv ]d-bp-I. ]pWy-\Z- n-bmb ]º-bpsS Hmcw tN¿∂p-In-S-°p∂ Hmtcm Ic-I-fnepw ]≈n-tbm-S-߃ sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
kz¥-ambn D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv A`n- a m- \ hpw AwKo- I m- c - h p- a m- W v . t£{X-kw-_‘ - a - mbpw ]≈n-tbm-Sß - fp-ambpw _‘-s∏´p≈ Imcy-\n¿∆-lW-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ kwL-S\sb ]≈n- t bmS tkhm- k wLw F∂mWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Xncp-thm-W-tØmWn Xncp- h m- d - ∑ p- f - b - ∏ \v HmW- k - Z y°p≈ hn`-h-ß-fp-ambn Ipam-c-s\-√q¿ aßm-´n-√Øp\n∂pw BNmc-]q¿hw ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ h≈-amWv Xncp-thm-WtØm-Wn. aßm-´n-√-°-S-hn¬ \n∂pw C√sØ ]mc-º-cy-A-h-Im-in-bmb `´Xn-cn-bmWv Hma-k-Zy-bv°p≈ hI-I-fpambn Xncp-thm-W-tØm-Wn-bn¬ Bd∑p-f-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. hnizmkhpw ]Xn-‰m-≠p-I-fmbn \ne-\n-∂pt]m∂ sFXn-lyhpw Cg-tN¿∂ Xncpthm-WtØmWn°v' \q‰m-≠p-I-fpsS ]g-°a - p-≠v. \o‰n-en-d-°pI ]pXp-Xmbn \n¿Ωn-°p∂ Np≠≥ h≈-ßfpw ]≈ntbmS-ßfpw ]Wn ]q¿Øo-I-cn®v G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Pyamb kabw \n›-bn®v BNm-c-]-cambn BÀm-Zm-ch - ß - t- fmsS sh≈-Ønte-°n-d-°p∂ NSßn\mWv \o‰n-en-d°pI F∂p ]d-bp-∂X - .v Hcp {]tZ-isØ P\- ß - s fm- ∂ msI AXyp- ’ m- l ]q¿hw Cu NS-ßn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°pw. h≈w ]Wn- b p- ∂ - X n- \ mbn G‰hpw A\p-Kp-W-amb \n›nX hen-∏-Ønep≈ XSn apdn-°p-∂X - n-t\m-S\ - p-_‘ - n®p≈ NSßpw, ASn- ∏ - S n- I sf√mw ]WnXp Ign™v "hffw ae¿ØpI' F∂Xpw {][m-\hpw hnin-jvSh - p-am-Wv.
amen-∏pc ]≈n-tbm-Sß - f - p-sSbpw Np≠≥-h≈ß-fp-sSbpw \n¿ΩmWw XnI™ Cuiz-c - h n- i zmktØmSpw \njv T - t bmSpw sNøp∂ {]h¿Øn-bm-Wv. IrXy-amb IW°pw H∏w Ic-hn-cpXpw `mh-\-bpap≈ ]c-ºc - m-KX inev]n-If - mWv {hXip-≤n-tbmsS Cu ]Wn-Iƒ sNøp-∂Xv. amk-߃ \o≠p-\n-ev°p∂ e£°-W° - n\v cq] sNehp hcp∂ bXv\am-Wn-Xv. C{]-Imcw h≈w ]Wn-bp-∂Xn- \ mbn {]tXyIw Xøm- d m- ° p- ∂ ]Wn-im-eb - ° v mWv amen-∏p-cs - b∂p ]dbp-∂X - v. ]mZ-c£ - I - ƒ t]mepw ]pdØv Du-cn-sh®tijta amen-∏p-c-bn-te°v Ib-dm≥ ]mSp-≈p. teJI≥ Xncph\¥]pcw BImihmWnbn¬ t{]m{Kmw FIvknIyq´ohmWv.
41
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
sXmgn-ep-d∏p ]≤-Xn-bpsS tPmen kabw ]p\¿\n-›-bn-®p alm-flm-Km‘n tZiob {KmaoW sXmgn-ep-d∏p ]≤-Xn-bpsS \n›-bn-®n-´p≈ {]hr-Øn-I-fpsS Af-hn¬ Ipdhv hcp-ØmsX tPmen kabw cmhnse 8 aWn apX¬ sshIn´v 5 aWn hsc F∂-Xn\p ]Icw cmhnse 9 aWn apX¬ sshIn´v 5 aWn hsc (hn-{iaw Dƒs∏-sS) F∂v ]p\¿\n-›bn®v k¿°m¿ DØ-c-hm-bn. tPmen ka-b-Øn¬ hcp∂ Ipdhv tPmen-bpsS Af-hns\ (Quantum) _m[n-°m≥ ]mSn-√m-ØXpw \ne-hn-ep≈ \nb-a-Øn¬ bmsXmcp am‰hpw (Iqen kw_-‘n-®v) CXp-aqew D≠m--- Im≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. (k.D (km-[m) \w. 223/2012/Xkz-`h, XobXn 16.08.2012)
kmaq-ly-t£a s]≥j-\p-I-fpsS \nc°v h¿≤n∏n®p
80 h-b- n\v apI-fn¬ {]mb-amb hr≤-P-\-߃°p≈ hm¿-≤-Iy-Ime s]≥j≥ \ne-hn-ep≈ 400 cq]-bn¬\n∂pw 900 cq]bmbpw AKXn (hn-[-h) s]≥j≥, AºXp hb-kn\p ta¬ {]mb-ap≈ Ahn-hm-ln-X-cmb kv{XoIƒ°p≈ s]≥j≥ F∂nh 400 cq]-bn¬ \n∂v 525 cq]-bmbpw 80 iX-am-\-Øn-\p-ta¬ sshI-ey-ap-- ≈-h¿°p≈ hnI-emwK s]≥j≥ 400 cq]-bn¬ \n∂v 700 cq]-bmbpw a‰p-≈-h¿°p≈ hnI-emwK s]≥j≥ 400 cq]-bn¬ \n∂v 525 cq]bmbpw h¿≤n-∏n®v k¿°m¿ DØ-chv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. h¿≤n-∏n® \nc-°p-Iƒ°v 2012 G{]n¬ apX¬ {]m_-- ey-ap≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
Ine-: I¬∏nX k¿∆-I-em-imem N´-߃ \n¿Ωn-°m≥ kanXn Xriq-cn-ep≈ tIcf C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v tem°¬ AUvan-\n-kvt{S-js\ (In-e) Iev]nX k¿∆-I-em-ime B°p∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn N´-ßfpw \nb-a-ßfpw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn t`m∏m-en-ep≈ \mj-W¬ PpUo-jy¬ A°m-Zan Ub-d-IvS¿ tUm. sI.-F≥. N{µ-ti-J-c≥]n≈ sNb¿am-\mbn kan-Xnsb \ntbm-Kn®v DØ-c-hm-bn. ap≥ ]n.-Fkv.kn. AwKw tUm. ]n. A_vZpƒ lao-Zv, tUm. B¿. Kncojv Ipam¿ (C‚¿\mj-W¬ dnte-j≥kv hn`mKw ta[m-hn, tI{µ k¿∆-I-em-im-e, Imk¿tKm-Uv). Peojv ]o‰¿ (]-ªnIv dnte-j≥kv Hm^ok¿, i¶-cm-Nmcy kwkvIrX k¿∆-I-em-im-e, Ime-Sn) F∂n-h-cmWv kanXn AwK-߃. Ine Ubd-IvSdpw kvs]jy¬ Hm^o-k-dp-amb tUm: ]n.]n. _me-\mWv kanXn I¨ho-\¿.
t{]m-P-Iv-Sv t^md-߃ kw-_-‘n-® am¿-§tc-J ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn®p
]-{¥≠mw ]-©-h-’-c-]≤-Xn X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´v X-t±-i`-c-W-ÿm-]-\-߃-°v B-h-iyam-b t^md-ß-fpw t^md-߃ kw-_-‘n-® am¿-§-tc-J-bpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-®v k¿°m¿ D-Øc-hv ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. "kp-te-J' B-πnt°-j≥ tkm-^‰ v- s v- h-b¿ D-]t- bm-Kn-®m-Wv X-t±-i`- c - W - ÿ - m-]\ - ß - ƒ t{]m-PI - Sv- p-Iƒ X-øm-dm-t°-≠X - v. (k.D.(Fw.Fkv) \-w. 233/12/X-kz-`h., Xo-bXn 7.9.12).
k-_v-kn-Un am-\-Zfi-߃ ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn®p X-t±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W-ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS ]-{¥≠mw ]-©-h-’-c ]≤-Xn X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-\v k-_v-kn-Un am-\-Zfi߃ kw-_-‘n-® am¿-§tc-J Aw-Ko-I-cn-®v D-Ø-c-hm-bn. (k.D.(Fw.F-kv) \w. 229/2012/ X-kz-`h., Xo-b-Xn 25.8.12).
]m-en-tb-‰o-hv sIb¿: ]-cn-jv-I-cn-® am¿-§tc-J ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn®p ]-{¥≠mw ]-©-h-’-c ]-≤-Xnbn¬ X-t±-i-kz-bw`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS B-`n-ap-JyØn¬ \-S-∏m-t°-≠ ]m-entb-‰o-hv ]-cnN-c-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-® am¿-§tc-J ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. (k.D.(Fw.Fkv) \w. 228/2012/X-kz`h., Xo-b-Xn 23.8.2012).
]-{¥≠mw ]-©h-’-c ]-≤Xn: ]p-Xp°n-b am¿-§tc-J ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn®p X-t±-i-kz-bw`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS 2012˛13 hm¿jn-I ]-≤-Xnbpw ]-{¥≠mw ]-©h-’-c ]-≤-Xn-bpw (2012˛17) kw-_-‘n-® am¿-§tc-J t`-Z-K-Xn-I-tfm-sS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-®v D-Øc-hv ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. (k.D.(Fw.F-kv) \w. 225/12/X-kz`h., Xo-b-Xn 18.8.12).
hml\ hmSI: ]cn[n Db¿Øn
kz¥ambn hml\w C√mØ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\߃°v {]Xnh¿jw hml\ hmSIbn\Øn¬ sNehgn°mhp∂ XpI 75000 cq]bmbn Db¿Øn DØchmbn. (k.D.(km[m.) \w. 2493/2012/Xkz`h. XobXn 3.9.2012).
{Kma-k` hnfn-°mØ AwK-߃°v Atbm-KyX ]©m-bØv cmPv \nb-a-Øn¬ A\p-im-kn® ka-b-]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ {Kma-k` hnfn-°p-∂Xn¬ hogvN hcp-Ønb Xriq¿ Pn√bnse hc-¥c - ∏ - n≈n, tImgn-t°mSv Pn√bnse Ipcp-h´- q¿ {Kma]©m-bØ - p-If - nse 39 AwK-ßsf kwÿm\ sXc-s™-Sp∏v IΩn-j-W¿ sI. iin-[-c≥ \mb¿ Atbm-Ky-cm°n. bYm-k-abw {Kmak` hnfn-®n-s√∂v ImWn®v c≠p ]©m-b-Øp-I-fn-sebpw thm´¿am¿ \¬Inb Hcp Iq´w l¿Pnbn-emWv IΩn-j-W-dpsS DØ-c-hv. sXc-s™Sp∏v IΩn-js‚ hn[n-s°-Xnsc AwK-߃ sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ A∏o¬ ^b¬ sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Xt±-i-kzbw`-cW hIp-∏p-ambn _‘-s∏´ k¿°m¿ DØ-c-hp-Iƒ, k¿°p-e-dp-Iƒ, Kk‰v hn⁄m-]-\-߃ F∂n-h-bpsS ]q¿Æ-cq]w www.lsgkerala.gov.in -sh_vssk‰n¬ e`y-am-Wv.
42
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
]©m-b-Øv cmPv
{Km-a \-K-c `-c-W-Øn-s‚ t\¿-°m-gvN - I - f- p-am-bn
te-J-\߃ -am-XrIIƒ A-\p-`h߃
-^o-®-dpIƒ A-h-tem-I\߃ hm¿ØIƒ
hm-bn-°p-I h-cn-°m-cm-Ip-I ]cky \nc-°v Xp-I
(cq-]bn¬)
I-h¿ (A-h-km-\-]pdw) I-f¿
:
12000/-
I-h¿ (Dƒh-iw) I-f¿
:
10000/-
I-h¿ (Dƒ-h-iw) ªm-°v & ssh-‰v
:
8000/-
a-‰p t]-Pp-Iƒ (I-f¿)
:
8000/-
a-‰p t]-PpIƒ (ªm-°v & ssh-‰v)
:
6000/-
A-c t]-Pv (I-f¿)
:
5000/-
A-c t]Pv (ªm-°v & ssh-‰v)
:
3000/-
sk]v‰- w_¿ 2012
hm¿jn-I h-cn-kw-Jy : 120 cq-] Un-am‚ v {Um-^v-‰m-tbm, a-Wn-Hm¿-U-dmtbm A-b-bv-°pI.
hn-emkw:
F-Un‰¿ / ]-©mb-Øv U-b-d-IvS¿, ]©m-b-Øv cm-Pv amknI ]-©mb-Øv U-b-d-IvS-td‰v, ayq-kn-bw ]n.H., Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw˛695033
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