Mycotoxin Survey in US corn: January 2019 update

Mycotoxin Occurrence in 2018 US Corn Update Jan 4, 2019

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Sample Overview

69%

6%

2% 378 Samples from 29 States

11%

10%

2% Unknown Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

Sample Overview Sample Matrix

Sampling Reason 16%

11%

15% 18%

69% 72%

Corn

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Corn Silage

Corn Byproduct

Survey

Clinical

Unspecified

Mycotoxins & Analysis

Mycotoxin Group

Aflatoxins (AFLA)

A-Trichothecenes (A-Trich)

LC-MS/MS

B-Trichothecenes (B-Trich)

Fumonisins (FUM)

3 Labs

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Mycotoxins

Limit of Detection (ppb)

Aflatoxin B1

1.3

Aflatoxin B2

1.2

Aflatoxin G1

1.1

Aflatoxin G2

1.6

T-2

100.0

HT-2

100.0

Neosolaniol

100.0

Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS)

100.0

Deoxynivalenol (DON/Vomitoxin)

100.0

Acetyldeoxynivalenol (A-DON)

100.0

Nivalenol (NIV)

100.0

Fusarenon X (FUS-X)

100.0

Fumonisin B1

100.0

Fumonisin B2

100.0

Fumonisin B3

100.0

Zearalenone (ZEN)

Zearalenone (ZEN)

Ocharatoxin A (OTA)

Ocharatoxin A (OTA)

51.7

1.1

Occurrence 100 88 81

Percent of Total Samples

80

60

40 30

70

54

52

42 39 31

56 45

52 471 24

27

20

14

10

8

0

73

65

70

50

73

72

57

79

2012

2013

19

318

32

595

378

600 500 400 300 200

9

5

3

100 0

2014 Samples per year

2015 Afla

2016 B-Trich

ZEN

2017 FUM

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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47

692

17

1

#

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700

78

2018

Total Samples Analyzed/Year

90

800

Mean of Positives 100,000 15,234

ppb (log scale)

10,000 2,738 1,000

2,056 218

100

109

3,878 2,093

1,438

542

489

1,682

1,190 691

339

287

143

2,225 927 250

3,492 1,191 322 91

51

39 20

19

11

10 2012

2013

2014 Afla

B-Trich

2015 ZEN

2016 FUM

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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2017

2018

Median of Positives 2,000

1,000

ppb (log scale)

600

200

83

1,400

928 430

600

283 106

500

933

400

179

107

194

1,300 700 486 126

23 20

10

719 178

19

10 4

6

6

2016

2017

2 2012

2013

2014 Afla

2015 B-Trich

ZEN

FUM

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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2018

Co-occurrence 77

80

68

Percent of Total Samples

70 60

54

50 40

45 35 29

30 20

26 11

44

46

47

39

44

42

27 13

15

10

17 4

9

5

0 2012

2013

2014 <LOD

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2015 1 Mycotoxin

2016 >1 Mycotoxin

2017

2018

2018 Co-occurrence 35

100

31

7

30

Percent of Positive Samples

Percent of Total

23

80

25 20 16 13

15

13

11 10

Two Toxins

2

1

B-Trich + FUM + ZEN

FUM + ZEN

B-Trich + ZEN

B-Trich + FUM

FUM

Afla

ND

B-Trich

One toxin

Afla + FUM

0

0

<LOD

2

Others

1

1

Others

4

B-Trich + FUM + Afla

5

ZEN

5

15

> 2 Toxins

60 93 40

100 85

77

20

0 Afla

B-Trich

FUM

ZEN

Co-occurrence Stand-alone Occurrence

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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Distribution of Positive Samples 48% of Afla samples over 20 ppb <20

Afla

20-50

51-100

101-300

52%

301-1000

>1000

18%

18%

9%

3%

39% of DON samples over 1000 ppb <150

B-Trich

7%

150-300

10%

301-900

901-1000

44%

1001-2000

5%

>2000

16%

17%

38% of FUM samples over 2000 ppb <750

FUM

750-1000

37%

1001-2000 7%

2001-5000 18%

5001-20000 18%

>20000 16%

3%

74% of ZEN samples over 100 ppb <50

ZEN

26%

50-100

101-200 30%

201-500

501-1000 26%

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin are not presented due to lack of positive samples Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

>1000 11%

8%

2018 Distribution by State: Afla n=1

n=9 n=54 2%

n=11

n=8 n=6

n=6 n=74

n=2 50%

n=1 n=7

n=12 17% n=3 33%

• • • •

State with average > 20 ppb State with average < 20 ppb State with samples < LOD (1 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

n=36

n=23 n=5 9%

n=8 13%

n=3

n=6 67%

n=5 n=9 22%

n=21 29%

n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values

n=27 15%

n=1

n=1 100% n=14 21%

n=15 27% n=1

n=2 50%

2018 Distribution by State: B-Trich n=1 100%

n=9 100%

n=54 87%

n=11 82%

n=74 95%

n=2 100%

n=1 100% n=7 86%

n=12 42%

n=3

Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •

State with average > 1,000 ppb State with average < 1,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

n=6 100% n=36

n=23 n=5 100% 78% 100% n=3 67%

n=27 30%

n=5 100% n=9 44%

n=21

n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state

n=8 100% n=6 100%

n=8 100% n=6 33% n=1 100%

n=14 36%

n=15 20% n=1

n=1 100%

n=2 100%

2018 Distribution by State: FUM n=1

n=9 22%

n=54 41%

n=11 73%

n=74 66%

n=2 50%

n=1 100% n=7 29%

n=12 100% n=3 100%

• • • •

State with average > 2,000 ppb State with average < 2,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

n=6 33% n=36 64%

n=5

n=23 80% 91%

n=3 67%

n=5 100% n=9 100%

n=21 100%

n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values

n=27 93%

n=8 50% n=6 50%

n=8 100% n=6 83% n=1 100%

n=14 100%

n=15 73% n=1

n=1 100% n=2 100%

2018 Distribution by State: ZEN n=1 100%

n=9 67%

n=54 65%

n=11 27%

n=74 65%

n=2 100%

n=1 100% n=7 14%

n=12

n=3

Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •

State with average > 100 ppb State with average < 100 ppb State with samples < LOD (51.7 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

n=15 13%

n=6 83% n=21 81%

n=5

n=27 4%

n=23 20% 70%

n=6 83%

n=8 62%

n=3 33%

n=6

n=5 80%

n=1

n=9

n=21

n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state

n=8 75%

n=14 7%

n=1

n=1

n=2

2018 Risk Levels - Poultry 10000

3,492 1,191

(ppb) log scale

1000 322

100

Risk levels for broiler, breeder, layer, duck, turkey - based on 100% inclusion rate in diet

91

Low risk Medium risk Medium-High risk High risk

10

Exception to risk level for broiler

1 Afla

ZEN

B-Trich

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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FUM

2018 Risk Levels - Swine 10000

3,492 1,191

(ppb) log scale

1000 322

100

Risk levels for nursery, grower, finisher, sow, boar - based on 100% inclusion rate in diet

91

Low risk Medium risk Medium-High risk High risk

10

1 Afla

ZEN

B-Trich

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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FUM

2018 Risk Levels - Ruminants 10000

3,492 1,191

(ppb) log scale

1000 322

100

Risk levels for calves, dairy cows, beef cattle - based on 100% inclusion rate in diet

91

Low risk Medium risk Medium-High risk High risk

10

Exception to risk level for beef cattle

1 Afla

ZEN

B-Trich

B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples

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FUM

Forecast for 2019 MED to MED-HIGH risk Naturally ahead © BIOMIN Holding GmbH 2019

Questions? raj.murugesan@biomin.net

erika.hendel@biomin.net

paige.gott@biomin.net

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