MathĂŠ van Kranenburg Deep-Rooted Avenue tree cultivation as calling card for the eastern Betuwe region MathĂŠ van Kranenburg Beusichemsedijk 16 +31 (0) 651409453 mathevankranenburg@gmail.com
Amsterdam Academy of Architecture Graduation Projects 2014-2015 Landscape Architecture
Landscape Architecture
Mathé van Kranenburg Deep-Rooted Avenue tree cultivation as calling card for the eastern Betuwe region
The graduation project ‘Deep-Rooted’ represents the relationship between humans with the eastern Betuwe region. The image of the Betuwe region as orchard of the Netherlands is well known, but the reality of large-scale infrastructure and unsuitable land uses has now almost outstripped that. The project focuses on the avenue tree growers who are developing the eastern Betuwe region into an attractive production landscape with recreational qualities, and at the same time are continuing to develop avenue tree cultivation into a future-proof form of agriculture. A better balance arises between the important landscape and economic incentives for avenue tree cultivation, and a livable region for inhabitant and recreational user. The growth of avenue tree cultivation and the recreational use has restored the image of the Betuwe region. The strategy to develop both cultivation and recreation is based on the avenue tree cultivation and the avenue tree growers. The growers, many family companies with strong roots in the region, are the active participants who use, form, maintain and experience the landscape. With an area of production of approximately 1,500 ha, the current region of the eastern Betuwe is the most important production area for avenue trees in the Netherlands, but also in Europe. By controlling the processes of cultivation and incorporating future developments, the landscape will be shaped to the avenue tree cultivation, but in a way in which spatial issues like nature, energy, water, accommodation and recreation are taken into account. The main intervention for the area is the Laanbomenlint (Avenue tree ribbon), a new infrastructure that serves as the basis for restructuring and driver for new developments. With respect to the area, it functions as an infrastructural connection with the world, a shop window for the cultivation and part of the sustainable area development. The ribbon is a combination of road/dyke/water, which is characteristic for the area and from the road it offers an impressive view and perception of the avenue tree cultivation as unique form of agriculture. The ribbon lies at the centre of the avenue tree zone, the area on the levees where avenue tree cultivation has traditionally occurred, and functions here as a stepping stone for an increase in scale and technological development. This region offers a perception of cultivation on a new scale and new extra large farmlands are developing here that are placing the region on the map as an example to avenue tree nurseries worldwide. An area of transition is located around the avenue tree zone, a small-scale and mixed area that is a continuation of the existing landscape and land use. This serves as an intermediary stage from avenue tree cultivation to other uses, and there is room in the region for existing functions and grounds to specialise, expand and/or downsize. Newly available grounds in turn offer space once again for the growth of the avenue tree cultivation. The Linge, the Netherlands’ longest river, nothing more than a discharge canal here, runs through the heart of the region. As a result of the growth of the cultivation, the river Linge has developed into a park zone in which recreational functions, cultural history, nature and water have been given the space to grow. The Linge park is being developed and completed by the avenue tree growers who can place their water storage here and where they can find a place for remaining and special trees. With these unique elements, the recreational experience in the region seamlessly blends in with the Betuwe region’s image of orchards, nature and small-scale recreation. Graduation date 25 06 2015
Commission members Nikol Dietz (mentor) Bruno Doedens Pieter Veen
Additional members for the examination Roel Wolters Marie-Laure Hoedemakers
MathĂŠ van Kranenburg
Linge park
Landscape Architecture
landscape typology
avenue tree cultivation in the Netherlands natural washlands small-scale levees
Betuwe acreage:
former Rijnstrangen washlands
companies:
1,500 ha = 40% of NL
Hemmen country estate zone
infrastructural central zone open basins
jobs:
130 800
national acreage:
3,800 ha
â‚Ź
production value:
â‚Ź100,000,000
growth since 1995:
+50%
Betuwelinie
Spanjaardsdijk
strategy
Laanbomenlint (Avenue tree ribbon) New infrastructure as basis for restructuring and driver of developments. Combination of road, dyke and water as regional access, shop window for the cultivation and part of the sustainable area development.
Avenue tree zone Zone with space for the increase in scale and (technological) development of the avenue tree cultivation.
master plan
laanbomenlint (avenue tree ribbon) new production and trading grounds (XL typology) new avenue tree cultivation plots increase in scale of existing avenue tree cultivation extensive forms of avenue tree cultivation Mixed zone with existing avenue tree plots grasslands with recreational, nature and water storage functions. forest
nature development area water safety area water buffer area Line / dyke of cultural-historical value Practical research Plant & Omgeving (Plant and Environment), Wageningen UR, avenue tree centre with regard to transshipment, trade and education recreational transfer point transformer station regional energy network
Mixed zone
Zone that is a continuation of the existing landscape and land use, intermediary stage from avenue tree cultivation to existing structures. Space for specialisation, expansion and downsizing of grounds.
Linge park
Park zone in which recreational functions develop and space is created for cultural history, nature and water.
MathĂŠ van Kranenburg
laanbomenlint (avenue tree ribbon) Visualisation Laanbomenlint (Avenue tree ribbon)
Landscape Architecture
existing roads
doubling and separation carriageways
design in ‘language’ of the river area
altitude for the purpose of (over)view and water storage
Pinched profile in villages, panoramic profile in agricultural areas
scale differences village and cultivation emphasised in plots and verges
connections of; links, farmlands and hubs
development Laanbomenlint (Avenue tree ribbon)
Infrastructural connection with the world
Shop window of the avenue tree cultivation
Water system for the eastern Betuwe region
sections Laanbomenlint (Avenue tree ribbon)
existing Linge
growth of avenue tree production plots
strip of land from Linge free from intensive cultivation
possibilities for water storage and leftover pieces of land with special cultivations
development Linge park
regional / recreational facilities with accommodatioln local / day recreation water recreation nature experience
section Linge park
accessibility through slow transport routes and new nature
emphasis distinction backland soil areas and levees
incentive east-west links, driver north-south links
MathĂŠ van Kranenburg
current nursery typology 14%
S
cultivation: graft & inoculation wood butt logs
0 > 3 ha
resale local nurseries
66%
M
cultivation: containers & pots rachises 1-3 years old: avenue trees <10-12
3 > 15ha
sale local and national nurseries and own sale
20%
L
15 > 150 ha
cultivation: containers & pots avenue trees >10-12 sale (inter) national nurseries and own sale
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ec ia lis pa atio ns n io n w ns izi ng
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S+
M+ Mixed zone
land development
new XL farmland typology
L+
XL avenue tree zone
Amsterdam Academy of Architecture
Architects, urbanists and landscape architects learn the profession at the Amsterdam Academy of Architecture through an intensive combination of work and study. They work in small, partly interdisciplinary groups and are supervised by a select group of practising fellow professionals. There is a wide range of options within the programme so that students can put together their own trajectory and specialisation. With the inclusion of the course in Urbanism in 1957 and Landscape Architecture in 1972, the Academy is the only architecture school in the Netherlands to bring together the three spatial design disciplines under one roof. Some 350 guest tutors are involved in teaching every year. Each of them is a practising designer or a specific expert in his or her particular subject. The three heads of department also have design practices of their own in addition to their work for the Academy. This structure yields an enormous dynamism and energy and ensures that the courses remain closely linked to the current state of the discipline. The courses consist of projects, exercises and lectures. First-year and second-year students also engage in morphological studies. Students work on their own or in small groups. The design
projects form the backbone of the syllabus. On the basis of a specific design assignment, students develop knowledge, insight and skills. The exercises are focused on training in those skills that are essential for recognising and solving design problems, such as analytical techniques, knowledge of the repertoire, the use of materials, text analysis, and writing. Many of the exercises are linked to the design projects. The morphological studies concentrate on the making of spatial objects, with the emphasis on creative process and implementation. Students experiment with materials and media forms and gain experience in converting an idea into a creation. During the periods between the terms there are workshops, study trips in the Netherlands and abroad, and other activities. This is also the preferred moment for international exchange projects. The Academy regularly invites foreign students for the workshops and recruits wellknown designers from the Netherlands and further afield as tutors. Graduates from the Academy of Architecture are entitled to the following titles: Architect, Master of Science; Urbanist, Master of Science and Landscape Architect, Master of Science.