D
BUD
HA
No. 24 July 2015
w w w . b u d d h a a i r . c o m
Photo: Rohan Shrestha
Monsoon Weather and its Impact on Airlines Flying 1. What is Climatology -hnjfo'_? -Climatology is the science that
2. What is weather -df};d_? -Weather is “The day to day state
3. What is Monsoon? -The word monsoon is derived from
seeks to describe and explain the
of the atmosphere consists of short-
the Arabic word ‘mausim’ or from the
nature of climate, why it differs from
term variations of energy and mass
Malayan word Monism, which means
place to place, and how it is related
exchanges within the atmosphere
season. The word ‘monsoon’ is applied
to other elements of the natural
and between the earth and the
to such a circulation, which reverses
environment and human activities.”
atmosphere.”
its wind direction every six months, i.e.
–by Critchfield 1987
–Critchfield 1987
from summer to winter and winter to
1
w e a t h e r
summer. The Arab navigators to winds
As a result less power is available for
first applied the term over the Arabian
takeoff and takeoff & landing distance
Sea between Arab and India, which
increases. Payload (passengers +
blew for 6 months from the Northeast (in
baggage +cargo) carried decreases.
In meteorology, monsoon signifies directional shifting of winds from one
in Nepal is1. The Arabian Sea and 2. Bay of Bengal In monsoon there is heavy rainfall,
winter) and another 6 months from the Southwest (in summer).
The source of summer monsoon
2. What are summer monsoon (rainy season) & its impact on airlines flying? The summer Monsoon- a strong
enroute icing, moving cloud, severe turbulence, strong gusty winds, severe thunderstorms & lightning inside the
season to another. In summer, there is
flow of moist air from the southwest,
cloud that is beyond the weather radar
a warm moist wind blowing from the
follows the pre-monsoon season. For
installed in the aircraft’s detection and
ocean towards the land. While during
the vast majority of southern Asians,
ranging limitation. This type of severe
the winter months a cold and dry wind
including Nepalese, the term monsoon
weather must be avoided for the safety
originating on land blows seaward.
is synonymous with the summer rainy
of the passengers & crew and for the
Monsoon circulation involves a change
season. Even though the arrival of the
protection of aircraft from possible
of 180 degree in the wind direction.
summer monsoon can vary by as much
damage.
as a month, in Nepal it generally arrives 1. What are pre-monsoon & its impact on airlines flying? The pre-Monsoon- generally
in June, is preceded by violent lightning and thunderstorms, and lasts through September.
Rain and its Illusion to PilotsFlying through Heavy Rain- Heavy rain can affect depth and distance
occurs during April and May. It
perception. Rain on the windshield
is characterized by the highest
creates refraction effects that can lead
temperatures, reaching above 40° C during the day in the Terai Region and other lowlands. However, the hills and mountains remain cool. This high temperature has a significant effect on airlines’ passengers, cargo and baggage carrying capacity. When temperature increases, density of the air decreases, meaning air molecules are further apart from each other. Aircraft engine performance & aerodynamic performance decreases.
2
Types of Monsoon
a pilot to believe that the aircraft is too
Pre-Monsoon/ Hot weather season (March-May)
nose-down correction and flight below
Summer Monsoon/Rainy season (June-September) Post-Monsoon/Autumn season (October-December) Winter Monsoon/Winter season (January-February)
high, with the risk of an unwarranted the desired flight path. Rain at night- increases the apparent brilliance of the Approach Light System making the runway appear to be closer than it really is. The risk is that a pilot will land short of the runway threshold. Runway surface conditions-can also induce illusions. As a wet runway
Photos Courtesy: Agency
reflects very little light, a pilot may think
company revenue and goodwill due to
try accident” and compare it which
that the aircraft is further away from the
flight diversions and delays, Buddha Air
costs more. Post monsoon and winter
runway, contributing to the risk of a late
never compromises safety.
monsoon winter will be continued in
flare and hard landing. Flying through Haze/Light Rain-Flying
Aviation saying-“ If you think maintaining safety is expensive then
October issue. n Capt. A.G Sherpa
in haze creates the impression that the runway is further away, inducing a tendency to shallow the glide path. When a pilot is in light or moderate rain the runway may appear indistinct because of the rain halo effect, increasing the risk of misperception of the vertical or horizontal deviation during the visual segment flown after transition from instrument to visual references. While prioritizing the safety & inflight service, sometimes the cabin crew may have to discontinue the inflight service incase of weather alert from the Pilot-inCommand. Buddha Air's Safety Policy clearly states that, if there is a conflict between safety and service- “safety comes the first”. If our cabin crews are unable to continue the service due to weather“From the very deep corner of our heart, we would like to extend our apology to our valued passengers those who haven’t received the inflight service.” Even though, this monsoon weather has a negative impact on the
cfktnsflng 9f]sf;DalGw hfgsf/L
cf
ktsfnLg 9f]sfsf] k+lStdf a:g'ePsf ofq'nfO{ cfktsflng cj:yfdf ljdfg kl/rfl/sfsf] lgb]z{ g / dfu{bz{g cg';f/ ;xof] u ug{ cg'/f]w ul/ G5 . o;n] l56f] lg:sgsf nfuL ;xh x'G5 / hxfhdf ePsf ;a} ofq'sf] ;'/ Iff ;'lglZrttf u5{ . cfktsfnLg 9f] sfsf] k+lStsf] l;6 cg'/f] w ug] { ofq'sf nfuL lgDg cfjZostf k'/f ul/Psf] x'gk' 5{ M != ofq' !% aif{ jf ;f]eGbf al9 pd]/ sf] x'g'k5{ . !% eGbf sd pd]/sf ofq'nfO{ cfktsfnLg 9f] sfsf] k+lStdf / ;f] glhs}sf] l;6 lbg'x'b}g . @= cfktsflng cj:yfdf c? ofq' / ljdfgkl/rfl/sfaf6 yk ;xof]usf] cfjZostf grflxg] ofq' x'g'kg]{ . #= cfktsflng cj:yfdf aflx/ lg:sbf ljdfg kl/rfl/sfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{;Sg] -h:tf] hxfhsf] 9f]sf vf]Ng / aGb ug{ ;Sg]_ ofq' x'g'kb{5 .
$= cfktsfnLg 9f]sfsf] k+lStdf / ;f] glhs} sf] l;6sf] ofq' ljdfg kl/ rfl/ sfsf] lgb]{zg a'em\g ;Sg] x'g'kb{5 / cGo ofq'x?nfO{ df} lvs ?kdf hfgsf/L lbg klg ;Sg] x'g'kb{5 . %= cfktsfnLg 9f]sfsf] k+lStdf / ;f] glhs} sf] l;6sf] ofq' zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ?kdf ;Ifd x'g' kb{5 . ^= cfktsflng cj:yfdf aflx/ lg:sbf lgb] {zg k9\g / a'em\g ;Sg] ofq' x'g'kb{5 . &= cfktsflng cj:yfdf aflx/ lg:sbf ;xof] u ug{ ofq' ;xdt x'g'kb{5 . xfd|f ATR ljdfgdf cfktsflng cj:yfdf ljdfgaf6 aflx/ lg:sgsf nfuL @ j6f cfktsflng 9f]sf, ! j6f ofq' 9f]sf -r9\g] / cf]n{g]_ / ofq' 9f]sfsf] l7s ;fd'Gg] ! j6f 9f]sf x'G5 . Beech hxfhdf cfktsflng cj:yfdf ljdfgaf6 aflx/ lg:sgsf nfuL # j6f Over wing Exit / ! ofq' 9f]sf x'G5 . w
3
t r ai n i n g
Crew Training F
Buddha Air spends around
rom the warm welcome on
responsible for conducting trainings,
board, to the sincere gratitude
developing training programs
US$600,000 annually on skill-
given by choosing to fly with us,
and policies required for the
enhancement activities for its crew
our crews play an important role in
Cockpit Crew, Cabin crew and the
members in various training. Apart
defining the passenger's experience
Operational Personnel. The trainings
from the regular initial, recurrent,
of Buddha Air. It is vital that they are
are conducted within Nepal and
upgrade and different other
updated and possess the knowledge
in other Countries. This department
trainings, all ATR Pilots of Buddha
of the latest demands of the local
is headed by the Chief of Training
Air undergo training and checks on
and international aviation standards
and Standards Captain Pramod
six axis simulator every six months
and regulations.
Thapa, who is also an Instructor
at Asian Aviation Training Center,
Pilot authorized by the Civil Aviation
Bangkok. On the other hand, cockpit
Department is dedicated to
Authority of Nepal (CAAN). All
crew of Beech 1900 D undergoes
providing quality aviation training,
the trainings conducted by this
their Simulator training annually at
with Safety and Knowledge as our
department are approved by and in
Flight Safety international, La Guardia
top priorities. The department is
line with CAAN.
Learning Center, New York.
Buddha Air's Crew Training
4
Buddha Air spends around US$600,000 annually on skillenhancement activities for its crew members in various training
Information Regarding Hand Carry Luggage
A
ny luggage or baggage that a passenger takes into the aircraft cabin represents hand carry luggage, and must be safely kept in the overhead cabin compartment of the aircraft. For your convenience and safety, we request that you follow the hand carry luggage rules regarding the size and dimensions of our airlines. For our ATR, the maximum weight allowed is 5 kg, and your hand carry luggage must be of the following dimensions: 55 cm x 40 cm x 20 cm (20 x 14 x 9ins). One passenger is allowed one hand carry luggage. Passengers are requested to adhere to the hand carry luggage weight and dimensions that are allowed on our flights. • There have been instances where the hand carry luggage did not exceed the weight limit, but the dimension of the luggage was too big to fit in to the overhead cabin. • It is important that the doors of the overhead cabin compartment are closed properly. This is to ensure that the luggage does not fall/ drop off and hurt the people, when the aircraft experiences turbulence. • Hand carry luggage should not be placed on the aisles of the aircraft as this hinders proper movement of the passengers and crew. • Our Beechcraft aircrafts are not equipped with overhead cabin compartments. Therefore, passengers are requested to place their hand carry luggage underneath the aircraft’s seat. It should not be bulky and should fit properly. So we humbly request our valued passengers to choose a hand carry luggage that fits our overhead cabin compartment with the specified dimension not exceeding the 5 kg weight limit. ATR-42 / 72
“The best safety device in any aircraft is a welltrained crew” We believe that our passenger’s flying experience is further enriched from the service given by our flight crew and all Buddha Air staffs. The Crew Training department ensures that our flight crew and operational personnel are competent and possess the right knowledge to perform their jobs. All personnel of Buddha Air are dedicated to Safety, Customer satisfaction and a high degree of Professionalism. Crew Training Department is vital and plays a significant role in achieving these
of
Beech 1900'D'
q'n] hxfhleq n}hfg] s'g} klg ;fdfg g} Hand Carry Luggage xf] / ;f] ;fdfg Sofljgsf] ofq' a:g] l;6dflysf] ;fdfg sIfdf ;'/lIft;fy /fVg'
k5{ . oxfFx?sf] ;'ljwf / ;'/Iffsf nfuL Hand Carry Luggage sf] cfsf/ / cfoftg ;DalGw lgod kfngfsf] nfuL cg'/f]w ub{5f} . xfd|f Pl6cf/ hxfhdf ofqsf Hand Carry Luggage sf nflu lbO{Psf] clwstd jhg % s]=lh xf] / ;f] ;fdfgsf] cfoftg @) x !$ x ( O~r leq x'g'k5{ . Ps hgf ofq'sf nfuL Pp6f Hand Carry Luggage dfq 5'6 lbO{{Psf] 5 . xfd|f p8fgdf jhg / cfotgdf lbO{Psf] 5'6 cg';f/ Hand Carry Luggage lnO{ ofqf ul/lbg' x'gsf nfuL cg'/f]w ub{5f} . l;6 dflysf] ;fdfg sIfsf 9f]sfx? /fd|/L aGb ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{ s'/f dxTjk'0f{ / xG5 . hxfh xlNnPsf] (Turbulence) a]nf ;fdfg gv:g] / rf]6 gnfUg] ul/ ;fdfg /flvPsf] ;'lglZrt ug'{kb{5 . hxfhleq lx8\g cK7of/f] x'g] ePsf]n] hxfhsf] l;6x?sf] lardf lx8\g] 7fFpdf Hand Carry Luggage /fVg' x'b}g . xfd|f lar Po/s|fkm\6df l;6dfly ;fdfg /fVg] sIf gePsf]n] Hand Carry Luggage cfkm\gf] l;6sf] tn /flvlbg' x'g ofq' dxfg'efjx?nfO{ cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ;fdfg 7'nf] cfsf/sf] x'g'x'“b}g / /fd|/L c6\g] x'g'k5{ . hxfhsf] cfktsflng 9f]sfsf] k+lStsf] l;6 d'lg Hand Carry Luggage /fVg' x'“b}g . To;}n] % s]=lh= ;Dd jhg ePsf / l;6dfly ;fdfg /fVg] sIfdf /fVg ldNg] ul/ lglZrt cfotg ePsf Hand Carry Luggage lnO{ ofqf ul/lbg' x'gsf nfuL xfdL xfd|f ofq'dxfg'efjx?nfO{ ljgd| cg'/f]w ub{5f} .
values of Buddha Air. w
5
C o m p l ia n c e
Committed B to Safety
uddha Air redefined the aviation history of Nepal with the establishment of its Compliance Monitoring Department. The purpose of this department is to
ensure compliance with all regulatory requirements and conformity with organizational policies and procedures. This is performed through internal and external audits.
Our Compliance Monitoring Department
assessment that determines the level of conformity with specific standards, rules and regulations. Through audits, our Compliance Monitoring Department determines and ensures that systems are effective in maintaining control,
Status of Operation Safety Audit (OSA) Findings in 2014
Status of Operation Safety Audit (OSA) Findings June 2015
Total Requirements - 958
Total Requirements - 958 9.9%
21.82% 78.18%
n Non Conformities
6
An audit is a structured, independent and objective
n Conformities
90.1%
n Non Conformities
n Conformities
thereby identifying potential unsatisfactory practices or
completed two external audits of external sub-contractors.
procedures. Compliance monitoring verifies the existence
One was auditing the Ground Handling Service at Varanasi
of objective evidence by showing adherence to required
Station for Air India. The second was auditing the Pilot's
processes, to assess how successfully they have been
Simulator Training at Asian Aviation Training Centre,
implemented and to measure the effectiveness of
Bangkok, Thailand. An upcoming external audit for the
achieving defined target levels.
Pilot Simulator Training at La Guardia, New York has also been scheduled. We have also successfully completed
Compliance monitoring is done through a combination of people, procedures, structures and resources that
10 outstations audits at Bhadrapur, Bharatpur, Biratnagar,
consistently, effectively and independently monitor its
Bhairahawa, Dhangadhi, Janakpur, Nepalgunj, Simara and
ability to manage compliance with legal, regulatory and
Tumlingtar, with Kathmandu as a base station. Additionally,
organizational requirements.
we are in a continuous process to upgrade our standards to international level. Therefore, an Operational Safety
At Buddha Air, our compliance managers and
Audit (OSA) was conducted on 25th July 2014.
auditors are all International Air Transport Association
The OSA Audit Report is presented in a pie-chart, which
(IATA) certified. It is headed by Captain A.G Sherpa and Captain Ranjan Suebedi (Deputy). They are experts
defines Buddha Air's conformity to OSA requirement, which
of seven operational backgrounds, which include
gives a clear picture of where we were before, and where
Cargo, Security, Flight Operations, Cabin Crew, Ground
we stand now. Since Buddha Air's first priority is safety, then quality
Operations, Flight Dispatch and Organization (includes
service, we are committed to fulfill all the regulatory
corporate requirements, Safety Management Systems and Emergency Response Planning). They are responsible for carrying out audits of external sub-contractors and internal audits, random spot checks and inspections according to an annual audit calendar. Our Compliance Monitoring Department has successfully
Y
requirements and internal company
RIT
U SEC
D
UN
O GR
.
Ops
Flight G N INI A R T BIN CA
policies, procedures and manuals to achieve world-class safety. Our Compliance Monitoring Department has been playing a key role to monitor the conformity to company's internal requirements and regulatory requirements. w
7
f l y i n g
t i p s
Why Do We Need To Turn Mobile Phones Off During Flight?
T
he crucial phases of flight for any aircrafts are the takeoff and landing. These phases require the full attention of the cabin
crew, and the pilots need to constantly communicate with air traffic controllers and need to have correct readings on the flight instruments. The flight instruments operate through transmitting and receiving radio signals that are susceptible to interference from devices (like mobile phones) which operate through radio frequency. So when many passengers are using their mobile phones, the radio frequencies emitted by the mobile phones interfere with the aircraft’s communication and electronic systems resulting in faulty readings on the flight instruments. In fact, a report by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) from 2003 to 2009 has revealed that there are 75 safety incidents linked to the use of electronic devices which interfered with flight controls affecting the autopilot, landing gear and navigation systems. Furthermore, most mobile towers cannot provide the range and coverage for passengers to communicate using their mobile phones. Even if the call went through, the conversation would be choppy as the signal from the towers would not be strong. This leads to many passengers on board, talking loudly, trying to get their voices through to the receivers’ end. Also, mobile phones and other electronic gadgets like tablets and laptops are a major source of distraction. You are too focused on using your electronic gadgets that you end up not paying attention to important safety announcements made by the cabin crew. This can be a bigger problem, especially when an aircraft experiences turbulence, and your electronic devices end up being projectile and harming you and the others on board. Due to these reasons, it is always advisable that passengers turn off their mobile phones and electronic devices for a safe flight. These should be kept in a secured place like your pockets or the overhead cabin especially during takeoff and landing. If it is important that your mobile phones be kept on, you can put it in airplane mode, which disables the phones cellular services but can be used for offline activities. w
hxfhdf p8fg cjlwe/ lsg df]afO{n kmf]g :jLr ckm ug{ cg'/f]w ul/G5 <
p
8fg / cjt/0f r/0f s'g} klg xjfO{ hxfhsf nfuL ;a}eGbf dxTjk'0f{ r/0fx? x'g . of] ;dodf ljdfg kl/rfl/sfx?n] k"0f{ Wofg lbg'kg] ,{ kfO{n6n] lg/Gt/ ?kdf Po/ 6«flkms sG6«fn ] /;“u ;Dks{ ug'k{ g] {/ hxfhsf pks/0fx?af6 ;lx hfgsf/L lng' / lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . hxfhsf pks/0fx? /]l8of] ;+st] x? k7fP/ / k|fKt u/]/ ;~rfng x'G5g\ h;nfO{ /] l8of] lk|mSj] G;Ln] rNg] df]afO{n kmf]gh:tf pks/0fn] c;/ ub{5 . To;}n] ha w]/} ofq'x?n] df]afO{n kmf]g k|of]u ubf{ lgl:sPsf /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Ln] hxfhsf] ;~rf/ / ljw'lto k|0ffnLx?df cj/f]w pTkGg u/fp5 h;n] ubf{ hxfhsf pks/0fx?df q'l6k'0f{ hfgsf/L b]lvG5 . jf:tjdf cGt/f{li6«o xjfO{ kl/jxg ;+3n] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgdf @))# b] lv @))( ;Dd ePsf &% j6f xjfO{ b'36{ gfx? hxfh afx]ssf ljw'tLo pks/0fx?sf] k|of]un] ePsf] eGg] b]vfPsf] 5, h'g c6f]kfO{n6 k|0ffnL, Nof08lnË u]o/ / g]leu]zg k|0ffnLnfO{ c;/ ul/ p8fg lgoGq0fdf cj/f]w k'us ] fn] ePsf] eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 . o;afx]s, ofq'x?n] k|of]u ul//x] sf df] afOn kmf]gsf nfuL w]/h } ;f] df]jfO{n 6fj/n] g]6js{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sb}g . olb df] jfO{ndf sn eO{xfn] klg 6fj/n] / fd|f] ;+s ]t lbg g;s] sf] n] jftf{nfkdf cj/f]w eO{/xG5 . To;n] ubf{ hxfhsf w]/} ofq'n] csf]{ kIfnfO{ cfkm\gf] cfjfh ;'gfpg hf]8n] af] Ng' kb{5 . df]afO{n kmf]g / c? h:t} 6\ofan]6 / Nofk6kh:tf ljw'lto pks/0fx? hxfhsf] ;+rf/ k|0ffnLdf cj/f]w k'¥ofpg] d'Vo ;|f ]t x'g \ . ofq' dxfg'efjx? ljw'lto pks/0fdf rnfpgdf Jo:t x'g] x'b“ f ljdfgkl/rfl/sfn] u/]sf] dxTjk'0f{ ;'/ Iff 3f]if0ffdf Wofg gk'Ug ;S5 . hxfh xlNnPsf] (Turbulence) a] nfdf of] 7'nf] ;d:of x'g;S5 lsgls o;n] ljw'lto pks/0f rnfpg] ofq' / cGonfO{ klg xfgL k'¥ofpg ;S5 . oL sf/0fx?n] ubf{ ;'/lIft p8fgsf nfuL p8fg cjlwe/ ;Dk'0f{ ofq' dxfg'efjx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] df]afO{n kmf]g / cGo law'lto pks/0fx? aGb ug{ cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ljz]if ul/ p8fg / cjt/0fsf ;dodf oL pks/0fx?nfO{ ;'/ lIft 7f“p cfkm\gf] ks]6 jf l;6dflysf] ;fdfg sIfdf /fVg'k5{ . olb df] afO{n kmf]g rnfpg' kg]{ 5 eg] km\nfO{6 df]8df /fv]/ rnfpg' k5{ h;n] kmf]gsf] ;]nn ' / ;]jfnfO{ aGb ul/lbG5 To;afx]ssf ultlalwx? k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . w
Feedback & Suggestions We value your feedback and suggestions. If you have any, please let us know: Email: care@buddhaair.com facebook.com/buddhaair @airbuddha
Published by: Buddha Air Pvt. Ltd., Jawalakhel, Lalitpur, Nepal | Editor: Captain Gaurav Bohara